TY - CONF AN - 00647284 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Lobron, R J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - TRANSIT FARE MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION ISSUES PY - 1994/04 IS - 421 SP - p. 59-72 AB - This workshop resource paper examines the approaches and tools which can be applied to the task of managing the transit revenue process. Initially, a general perspective of the responsibilities and philosophies of management which should be considered in assessing revenue activities is presented. Focus then shifts to some of the specific tools which can be applied in the management of the revenue process. The prospect of transferring revenue activities to contracted parties in a number of revenue areas is discussed as well as the opportunity to identify private assistance in performing or financing improvements to existing systems. Finally, several suggestions are presented for attention and research focus by the transit industry in an arena which certainly will undergo extensive scrutiny in the coming years by transit providers, funding agencies and their customers, the riding public. U1 - Workshop on Transit Fare Policy and Management: Research Needs and PrioritiesFederal Transit AdministrationWoods Hole, Massachusetts StartDate:19930711 EndDate:19930714 Sponsors:Federal Transit Administration KW - Contracting out KW - Fares KW - Financing KW - Future KW - Future research KW - Improvements KW - Management KW - Policy KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Revenues KW - Strategic planning KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390334 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00647283 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Lago, A M AU - Transportation Research Board TI - TRANSIT FINANCE, ECONOMICS, AND PRICING PY - 1994/04 IS - 421 SP - p. 47-58 AB - This workshop resource paper analyzes issues in transit finance focusing mainly on fares and fare-related problems. Special attention is devoted to fare media and problems of fare/technology integration. Subheadings are as follows: Prevalence of Fare Structures; Evidence Supporting and Revenue Raising Inferiority of Flat Fares; Deep Discount Fare; Fare Changes and Discounting; Fare Media and Distribution Methods; Current Fare Collection Equipment Capabilities; Transfer Policies and Effect on Demand; Regulatory Framework for Transit Fare Policies; and Strategic Changes: Preliminary Thoughts. U1 - Workshop on Transit Fare Policy and Management: Research Needs and PrioritiesFederal Transit AdministrationWoods Hole, Massachusetts StartDate:19930711 EndDate:19930714 Sponsors:Federal Transit Administration KW - Discount fares KW - Distribution methods KW - Equipment KW - Fare collection KW - Fare equipment KW - Fare media KW - Fares KW - Flat fares KW - Management KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Strategic planning KW - Transfers KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390333 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00647285 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Fleishman, D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROJECT UPDATE. TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM PROJECT A-1: FARE POLICIES, STRUCTURES, AND TECHNOLOGIES PY - 1994/04 IS - 421 SP - p. 73-74 AB - This is a status report on Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Project A-1, entitled Fare Policies, Structures, and Technologies. The main objective of the project is to provide guidance for all sizes of transit agencies in evaluating appropriate fare structures and technologies and making fare policy decisions. The project is divided into four phases. Phase I, currently underway, will provide a state-of-the-art review of current practices and develop a framework and methodology for evaluating the interrelationships among fare policies, structures, and technologies. This first phase is scheduled to take six months. U1 - Workshop on Transit Fare Policy and Management: Research Needs and PrioritiesFederal Transit AdministrationWoods Hole, Massachusetts StartDate:19930711 EndDate:19930714 Sponsors:Federal Transit Administration KW - Fare collection KW - Fare media KW - Fare structure KW - Fares KW - Management KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - State of the art studies KW - Strategic planning KW - Tcrp project a-1 KW - Technological innovations KW - Transit cooperative research program KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390335 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00647279 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Markowitz, J E AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Transportation Research Board TI - WORKSHOP ON TRANSIT FARE POLICY AND MANAGEMENT: RESEARCH NEEDS AND PRIORITIES. WORKSHOP OVERVIEW PY - 1994/04 IS - 421 SP - p. 7-8 AB - The workshop on transit fare related issues brought together key representatives from transit agencies, consulting firms, federal and local agencies, universities, and equipment vendors. Participants spent most of the three days in working groups discussing current issues and research needs related to transit fare policies, pricing strategies, and fare collection methods and technologies. The workshop opened with presentations of the four resource papers, which provided an excellent starting point for the working group discussions. In addition, a presentation on the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) "Fare Policies, Structures, and Technologies Study" also provided important information for the working groups. The priority research studies for each topical area identified by the four working groups and ranked as low, medium or high priority are listed in this Workshop Overview. U1 - Workshop on Transit Fare Policy and Management: Research Needs and PrioritiesFederal Transit AdministrationWoods Hole, Massachusetts StartDate:19930711 EndDate:19930714 Sponsors:Federal Transit Administration KW - Fares KW - Management KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Strategic planning KW - Transit cooperative research program KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390329 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647141 AU - Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DELAWARE COUNTY SUBURBAN MOBILITY PLANNING: 1989-1993 PY - 1994/03 SP - 60 p. AB - This report describes DVRPC's planning activities for a Federal Transit Administration Suburban Mobility grant in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. DVRPC prepared service plans and employee questionnaires for several employers to provide improved commute services for their employees. This report discusses how these plans were developed and how Villanova University's program will help that institution comply with the Clean Air Act's employer trip reduction requirements. KW - Clean Air Act KW - Fta section 8 KW - Market research KW - Mobility KW - Reverse commuting KW - Suburbs KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387079 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00721788 AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - TURNKEY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM: EXPERT ROUNDTABLE WORKSHOP ON TECHNIQUES FOR SUCCESSFUL DESIGN/BUILD FOR TRANSIT PY - 1994/03 SP - 20 p. AB - The FTA and the Volpe Center co-sponsored a special expert symposium as part of the continuing industry outreach for the FTA Turnkey Demonstration Program on March 4, 1994. The purpose of the workshop was to exchange information of the Design/Build Process (Turnkey) financial and procurement techniques as well as to advance the understanding of applying Design/Build concepts in transit projects. More than 50 persons attended the session, representing various participating transit agencies, general engineering firms, investment bankers, industry consultants, and other disciplines. This brochure presents a synopsis of the major highlights of the workshop presentation and discussions, namely: FTA Turnkey Policy; Project Teaming; Transit Agency Project Profiles; Turnkey Financing, Contracting, and Designing; and Turnkey Technology Selection. KW - Contracting KW - Design KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Procurement KW - Project management KW - Turnkey systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/459402 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664656 AU - Tam, C-C AU - Evans, K F AU - CURRIE, D AU - Chicago Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A COMPLETE ANALYSIS OF THE REVENUE COLLECTION SYSTEM RECONCILIATION PROCESS PY - 1994/03 SP - 94 p. AB - The purpose of this report is to describe and analyze the equipment, procedures and security measures used in collecting and reconciling bus fare box revenue. The process is followed completely from the deposit of fares into the farebox, through vaulting and emptying the cashbox, to counting and depositing the revenue into the bank. During the course of this process, events occur that render the farebox data difficult to reconcile with the contents of the farebox cashbox. The source of these difficulties could be electronic malfunctions in the farebox, communication glitches between the farebox and the data system, procedural elements, or some other difficulty in the system. In the analysis, the process was examined by observation and testing. The tests were divided into three parts: In the first part, some predetermined fares were deposited into the farebox, this was then checked with the recorded and transmitted data to search for discrepancies. The second part consisted of counting the contents of individual cashboxes and comparing what was counted with what the data reported. The third and final part involved carefully counting the contents of a number of vaults and comparing those counts with the recorded data. Findings, comments and recommendations are presented in this report. KW - Administrative procedures KW - Auditing KW - Equipment KW - Fare collection KW - Fta section 6 KW - Performance KW - Procedural requirements KW - Revenues KW - Security UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405373 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00676824 AU - Tam, C C AU - Evans, K F AU - CURRIE, D AU - Chicago Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMPLETE ANALYSIS OF THE BUS REVENUE COLLECTION SYSTEM RECONCILIATION PROCESS PY - 1994/03 SP - 100 p. AB - The purpose of this report is to describe and analyze the equipment, procedures and security measures used in collecting and reconciling bus farebox revenue. The process is followed completely from the deposit of fares into the farebox, through vaulting and emptying the cashbox, to counting and depositing the revenue into the bank. During the course of the process, events occur that render the farebox data difficult to reconcile with the contents of the farebox cashbox. The source of these difficulties could be electronic malfunctions in the farebox, communications glitches between the farebox and the data system, procedural elements, or some other difficulty in the system. In the analysis, we examined the process by observation and testing. We divided the tests into three (3) parts: In the first part, we deposited some predetermined fares into the farebox, then checked this with the recorded and transmitted data to search for discrepancies. The second part consisted of counting the contents of individual cashboxes and comparing what we counted with what the data reported. The third and final part involved carefully counting the contents of a number of vaults and comparing our counts with the data recorded. During these series of tests, we made important observations of procedures and practices, and included them as part of our total study. Our findings, comments and recommendations are presented in this report. KW - Bus transportation KW - Fare collection KW - Procedures KW - Reliability KW - Revenues KW - Security UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/421424 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00675442 AU - Bernick, M AU - Cervero, R AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT-BASED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES PY - 1994/03 SP - 47 p. AB - This study reflects the emerging emphasis on "transit-based development" - primarily residential development within easy walking or shuttle access to rail transit stations. This transit-based development differs from the more chronicled transit "joint development". Rather than maximizing revenues, these developments aim mainly at such goals as increasing ridership, reducing vehicle trips to the stations, and increasing station attractiveness and safety. This new interest reflects several changing forces in the transit field: heightened air quality regulations, recent data on transit ridership by station proximity and increased transit investment at the state and local levels. KW - Communities KW - Development KW - Land use planning KW - Livable communities KW - Public transit KW - Quality of life KW - Residential areas KW - Residential development KW - Transit oriented development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/412403 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00672193 AU - Ringland, J T AU - Sandia National Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SAFETY ISSUES FOR HYDROGEN-POWERED VEHICLES PY - 1994/03 SP - 41 p. AB - Positron annihilation spectroscopy of overlayers, interfaces, and buried regions of semiconductors has seen a rapid growth in recent years. The characteristics of the annihilation gamma rays depend strongly on the local environment of the annihilation sites, and can be used to probe defect concentrations in a range inaccessible to conventional defect probes. Some of the recent success of the technique in examining low concentrations of point defects in technologically important Si-based structures is discussed. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Defect correction KW - Gamma rays KW - Hydrogen fuels KW - Repairing KW - Semiconductors KW - Spectroscopy UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411394 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00667251 AU - Zegeer, C AU - Feske, D AU - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - NATIONAL BICYCLING AND WALKING STUDY: TRANSPORTATION CHOICES FOR A CHANGING AMERICA. REPORT TO CONGRESS PY - 1994/03 SP - 150 p. AB - This report has been prepared as part of the 'National Bicycling & Walking Study' mandated by the 1991 U.S. Department of Transportation Appropriations Act. It is about enhancing the travel options of bicycling and walking. The study aims to increase the use of these two travel modes by developing a plan for making bicycling and walking safer and more appealing modes of personal transportation. The document presents a plan of action for activities at the federal, state, and local levels for meeting the goals of doubling the current percentage of total trips made by bicycling and walking (from 7.9% to 15.8%), and reducing by 10% the number of bicyclists and pedestrians killed or injured in traffic crashes. This report draws upon all of the work completed to date in outlining an action plan to promote bicycling and walking as viable transportation options. A Federal Action Plan is presented along with actions necessary to achieve the safety objective and doubling the percentage of trips made by bicycling and walking. Separate chapters discuss the Action Plans and Programs at the state and local levels including examples of successful programs. The concept of "institutionalization" is discussed along with indicators of institutionalization and the need for actions that institutionalize bicycling and walking into the Nation's transportation system at the federal, state, and local levels. The vision of this program is a nation of travelers with new opportunities to walk or ride a bicycle as part of their everyday life, and a transportation system that provides new levels of personal mobility at modest cost while encouraging cleaner air and healthier populace, KW - Action plan KW - Air quality KW - Bicycle commuting KW - Bicycle safety KW - Bicycling KW - Clean air KW - Mobility KW - Personal rapid transit KW - Personal transportation systems KW - Planning KW - Strategic planning KW - Traffic safety KW - Travel by mode KW - Travel modes KW - Walking UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/406250 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00667249 AU - Office of the Secretary of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ISTEA AND REGIONAL ROUNDTABLE REPORT AND ACTION PLAN. A PROGRESS REPORT FROM OUR CUSTOMERS PY - 1994/03 SP - 55 p. AB - This report summarizes the findings of a series of regional roundtable meetings held by the DOT leadership team in the ten federal regions in November and December 1993. The Secretary of Transportation arranged these outreach meetings to assess the progress to date in the implementation of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) and to listen to customers. The discussions were designed to give DOT customers, namely, state and local officials from each of the regions the direct opportunity to advise management teams at the highest level in the DOT just how well the ISTEA process was working. The report begins with a message from the Secretary of Transportation and forewords by Senator Baucus and Congressman Mineta. "Listening to the Customer" section presents the 10 general areas of nationwide concern and recommendations that emerged from the roundtable meetings followed by the DOT team's observations and conclusions. The DOT response to the recommendations is presented in the form of a detailed Action Plan approved by the Secretary. It outlines the actions DOT intends to take, designates the agencies responsible for achieving each improvement, and sets a timetable for completion. The overall message heard at the regional meetings was that "ISTEA is working", and that there is strong support for the program across the country. Full funding of ISTEA was consistently the highest priority issue for state and local officials. Other common themes that emerged were pleas for education and training, simplifying the ISTEA project approval process/regulations, cutting red tape, closer cooperation with EPA, careful monitoring of the ISTEA by DOT, improving access to health care in rural areas, encouraging supportive land use policy, raising priority for freight, etc. KW - Action plan KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Outreach KW - Planning KW - Progress reports KW - Recommendations KW - Regional planning KW - Reports KW - Strategic planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/406249 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664676 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa TI - 1992 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FLORIDA'S TRANSIT SYSTEMS. PART I: TREND ANALYSIS 1984-1992. FINAL REPORT PY - 1994/03 SP - 342 p. AB - Under contract with the Office of Public Transportation Operations, Department of Transportation, State of Florida, the Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) has conducted a performance evaluation of Florida's fixed-route transit systems. This report is based on data from federally-required Section 15 reports, which are submitted to the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) for each fiscal year by systems receiving Section 9 funding. This report is one of two documents prepared as part of the performance evaluation project. In addition to this technical memorandum, a second technical memorandum was prepared. KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Fixed routes KW - Fta section 15 KW - Performance evaluations KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405390 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664675 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa TI - 1992 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FLORIDA'S TRANSIT SYSTEMS. PART II: PEER REVIEW ANALYSIS 1992. FINAL REPORT PY - 1994/03 SP - 146 p. AB - Under contract with the Office of Public Transportation Operations, Department of Transportation, State of Florida, the Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) has conducted a performance evaluation of Florida's fixed-route transit systems. This report is based on data from federally-required Section 15 reports, which are submitted to the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) for each fiscal year by systems receiving Section 9 funding. This report is one of two documents prepared as part of the performance evaluation project. In addition to this technical memorandum, a second technical memorandum was prepared. KW - Fixed routes KW - Florida KW - Fta section 15 KW - Peer groups KW - Performance evaluations KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405389 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664666 AU - Vaca, E AU - Bordeaux, T AU - Leavitt, D AU - Hall, P AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REVENUE AND RIDERSHIP POTENTIAL FOR A HIGH-SPEED RAIL SERVICE IN THE SAN FRANCISCO/SACRAMENTO-LOS ANGELES CORRIDOR: TECHNICAL APPENDIX PY - 1994/03 SP - 46 p. AB - This study aims to advance the state of knowledge regarding the market potential for high-speed rail (HSR) in California and to provide a framework on which future studies can build. The purpose of this technical appendix is to document the need for additional data collection as well as to clearly explain the approach taken, the data used, and the methodology applied, so that further work may proceed from this effort. KW - Data analysis KW - Data collection KW - High speed rail KW - Market assessment KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Methodology KW - Railroad transportation KW - Ridership UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/186.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405382 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664659 AU - Lewis, C A AU - Lede, N W AU - Texas Southern University, Houston TI - OPTIMIZING ROUTE-SPECIFIC MARKETING STRATEGIES TO INCREASE PUBLIC TRANSIT RIDERSHIP PY - 1994/03 SP - 58 p. AB - Increasing the number and retention of new riders is a primary goal of public transit agencies. As consumers become more accustomed to the influence of advanced technology in their work and home environments, the question can be raised about the kind of transit marketing that will appeal to this contemporary audience. Most transit properties indicate that route specific marketing is more effective than "system focused' efforts. Yet, agencies spend a large amount on system wide techniques. This study tests the efficacy of selected marketing strategies for optimizing public transit patronage. This study examines system wide and route oriented marketing strategies to enhance and improve potential patron response in public transit. Several phases of the research were performed concurrently utilizing a comprehensive and two-stage research design. The test cases and surveys were conducted on the campus of a university in a large urban area. Phase I involved a survey of the travel modes and attitudes of a portion of the faculty, staff and students. Phase II was a focus group which was queried on various marketing techniques. The study found that both system wide and route specific marketing can be attractive to non-transit users, depending on the message conveyed. KW - Market assessment KW - Market studies KW - Market surveys KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Route analysis KW - Routes KW - Strategic planning KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405375 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664668 AU - Leavitt, D AU - Cheng, P AU - Vaca, E AU - Hall, P AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - POTENTIAL FOR IMPROVED INTERCITY PASSENGER RAIL SERVICE IN CALIFORNIA: STUDY OF CORRIDORS PY - 1994/03 SP - 118 p. AB - The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the potential for increasing intercity passenger train speeds in various corridors throughout California. This report has met with two objectives: 1) the state's existing intercity rail corridors have been evaluated for potential upgrading in terms of estimated costs, travel times, and population projections; and 2) the most promising existing rail and "new-corridor" alternatives for high-speed service between downtown Los Angeles and downtown San Francisco have been compared and analyzed in terms of costs, travel times, and population projections. KW - California KW - Corridors KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimates KW - High speed rail KW - Improvements KW - Intercity transportation KW - Level of service KW - Modernization KW - Population forecasting KW - Travel time UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/222.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405383 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00648002 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: APTS PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BELLEVUE SMART TRAVELER PY - 1994/03 IS - 5 SP - 4 p. AB - The Bellevue Smart Traveler (BST) project is an operational test sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) under its Advanced Public Transportation Systems Program (APTS). The BST participants include the Bellevua TMA, WSDOT, the University of Washington, Seattle Metro, PacTel Paging, Seiko, and the FTA. One impetus for the BST project is to assists major employers in downtown Bellevue in meeting their trip reduction requirements as well as provide a model for other cities. The primary objective of the BST project is to design, implement, and test a prototype Traveler Information Center. Project description and listing of benefits are provided in this brief. A future brief will describe the results obtained from this operational test. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced traveler information systems KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Passenger information systems KW - Prototype tests KW - Smart traveler KW - Travel demand management KW - Traveler information and communication systems UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/05bellv.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390638 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647038 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INTELLIGENT VEHICLE HIGHWAY SYSTEMS PROJECTS PY - 1994/03 SP - 331 p. AB - The Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) program applies advanced and emerging technologies in such fields as information processing, communications, control, and electronics to surface transportation needs. As described in the National IVHS Program Plan, the IVHS program is focused on the development and deployment of a collection of user services. Twenty eight inter-related user services have been defined to date as part of the national program planning process. User services are defined, not along lines of common technologies, but based upon the services or benefits that various users might receive. This report describes those IVHS projects that are wholly or partially funded by the Department of Transportation's (DOT) modal administrations, including the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the Federal Transit Administration (FTA), and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The report is a complement to the National IVHS Program Plan, and is organized to describe those DOT-sponsored activities which support the development of user services, national compatibility planning, deployment, deployment support, and program assessment. KW - Advanced systems KW - Automatic fare collection KW - Commercial vehicles KW - Communication systems KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Electronic equipment KW - Electronic systems KW - Highway traffic control KW - Information processing KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Public transit KW - Safety management KW - Technological innovations KW - User benefits UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/16000/16600/16668/PB2000104476.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386996 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646990 AU - Brentwood Area Transportation Management Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CORPORATE AMENITIES, TRIP CHAINING, AND TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT PY - 1994/03 SP - 158 p. AB - Trip chaining is the act of linking one or more trips onto the morning or evening commute trip. The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of trip chaining and onsite corporate amenities on transportation demand management (TDM) measures. This study begins with an examination of the phenomenon of trip chaining and concludes with an analysis of worksite amenity use by commuters as a substitute for trip making. Trip chaining data from several locations were reviewed to establish an understanding of trip chaining behavior and the impact on commute alternatives. The report defines and explores the concept of onsite amenities and services as a substitute for trip making during, before, and after the work day. Amenities such as cafeterias, child care facilities, banking and others are examined. The methodology used to observe how employee use of onsite services and amenities relate to trip making included conducting interviews with senior management knowledgeable about the employees and onsite services, and the distribution and use of a weekly employee Activity Diary to collect data from the two participating companies. Diary survey results are presented and include a demographic profile of respondents at both companies as well as information on commute travel behavior and onsite activity behavior of the respondents. The final chapter of this report provides policy recommendations in the areas of land use, air quality, corporate policy, as well as suggestions for future research. Research on the role of site amenities at 2 corporate sites in Williamson County, Tennessee, shows that significant reduction and elimination of vehicle miles of travel resulted from employee onsite amenity activity. In summary, the study examined commute trip chaining and the impact of its relationship on site amenities and concluded that a system of site services and employer incentives will be necessary to bring about behavioral changes that favor shared ride trip making and successful TDM programs. Travel pattern data reveal that trip chaining creates a strong deterrent to rideshare arrangements. KW - Commuter service KW - Commuting KW - Employer sponsored transportation KW - Fta section 8 KW - Human factors KW - Ridesharing KW - Travel demand management KW - Travel patterns KW - Trip chaining KW - Trip generation KW - Work trips UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386958 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646380 AU - Fisher, R J AU - Ricketson, S AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE TRANSIT OPPORTUNITY IN IVHS PY - 1994/02/10 SP - 13 p. AB - The words behind the IVHS acronym (Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems) imply a focus on highways and private automobiles. It might seem that transit and IVHS are two things that could not go together. But transit and IVHS are inseparable, and transit opportunities in IVHS may even surpass the potential IVHS for the highway system. This paper looks at the Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) program which is part of the Department of Transportation IVHS initiative. IVHS is an intermodal effort to improve the efficiency, safety, and productivity of the nation's surface transportation network through the use of advanced electronics, computer, and communications technologies. The intent of APTS is not only to support the goals of IVHS but also to enhance the ability of public transportation systems to satisfy customer needs and contribute to community goals by providing information on innovative applications of available IVHS technologies through a coordinated operational and evaluation program. This paper gives an overview of the APTS program, presenting the various APTS technologies in terms of the end user. It presents the program goals and objectives, with an emphasis that the technologies should be viewed as potential means for improving public transportation. The structure of APTS is also covered, with emphasis on the importance of the operational test and accompanying evaluation. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Productivity KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - Technological innovations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386753 ER - TY - ABST AN - 01547860 TI - International Transit Studies Program AB - Since 1994, the Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) has sponsored an International Transit Studies Program (ITSP). The primary purpose of this program has been to broaden the professional development of U.S. transit managers by providing them with opportunities to visit transit systems abroad, returning with insights and knowledge useful to their organizations, the transit industry, and their own personal transit career advancement. The primary element of the program is the conduct of two international study missions per year in which teams of public transportation professionals visit exemplary transit operations in other countries. Each study mission focuses on a theme that encompasses issues of concern in public transportation. Cities to be visited are selected on the basis of their ability to demonstrate new ideas or unique approaches to handling public transportation challenges reflected in the study mission's theme. Each study mission begins with a briefing before departing on an intensive, 2-week mission. After this professional interaction, mission participants return home with ideas for possible application in their own communities. Participants are encouraged to share their international experience and findings with peers in the public transit community throughout the United States. To assist in this effort, each participant is required to prepare a trip report on an element of the mission agreed to in advance by the group. These trip reports are then consolidated into a mission report for TCRP publication and dissemination to the transit industry. Study missions normally are conducted in the Spring and Fall of each year. Study teams typically consist of 14 individuals--a senior transit general manager designated as team leader, 12 participants, and a representative of the ITSP contractor team responsible for the smooth operation of the mission. The team leader and participants for each mission are selected on the basis of open nomination processes for each. All travel expenses associated with the study mission are covered by the program. Past missions have visited Europe, Asia, Canada, South America, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, Hungary, Iceland, and the People's Republic of China. KW - Development KW - International KW - International compacts KW - Public transit KW - Technology transfer KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Transportation careers UR - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=1168 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335482 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647983 AU - Tucci, J AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - 1993 STATISTICAL SUMMARIES. FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION GRANT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS PY - 1994/02 SP - 149 p. AB - This annual report presents selected analyzed data on the distribution and use of various program funds administered by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. The programs discussed in this report are the principal source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas for transit. Data is compiled from the capital, operating and planning assistance grants awarded to transit agencies, states, metropolitan planning organizations, and other units of local governments. The statistical data is presented in tables, charts, and graphs. The data in this report applies only to FTA programs. Overall the FTA obligated in FY 1993 $4.4 billion for various grants. Of the total obligated, 78% was programmed for capital purposes; 20% for operating expenditures; and the remaining 2% for planning assistance. The number of vehicles budgeted in FY 1993 totaled 5,239. Excluding Stark-Harris (II) grants, the urbanized areas with populations over 1 million received 74% of the total grants obligated. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Fta section 11 KW - Fta section 15 KW - Fta section 19 KW - Grant aid KW - Public participation KW - Regional planning KW - State planning KW - States KW - Statistics KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56309/1993statisticals00msjo_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387375 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00648006 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALCOHOL AND DRUG RULES. AN OVERVIEW PY - 1994/02 SP - 16 p. AB - This pamphlet provides a general overview of the Department of Transportation (DOT) drug use and alcohol misuse prevention rules for the commercial transportation industry. The specific rules published by the DOT agencies provide the detailed requirements applicable to employers and employees covered by the rules. The information provided in this pamphlet is a general summary of the rules and should not be relied upon for the legal requirements of the rules. Copies of the rules and industry-specific information can be obtained from the DOT offices listed in this pamphlet. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Drug abuse KW - Drug tests KW - Employees KW - Federal laws KW - Federal regulations KW - Omnibus transportation employee testing act KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387396 ER - TY - SER AN - 00647996 JO - TDM STATUS REPORT PB - KT ANALYTICS INC AU - KT ANALYTICS INC AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PARKING CASH OUT PY - 1994/02 SP - 8 p. AB - Employers often provide employees with subsidized parking. Employer paid or subsidized parking tends to boost employee use of automobiles for commuting. There are two ways to change employer parking subsidies. One is the "cold turkey" approach which is likely to be resisted. The other way, "Cash Out", is likely to be more acceptable because is offers the employee a choice. This TDM Status Report specifically details the following: 1) describes parking cash out; 2) discusses its effects; 3) under implication, covers: applicability; policy development; program exemptions; violation, notice and penalties; monitoring and enforcement; costs and benefits; and, 4) discusses future directions. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Effectiveness KW - Employer sponsored transportation KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Parking KW - Policy making KW - Subsidies UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5600/5643/tdmpco.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390633 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643942 AU - Koppa, R J AU - Higgins, L L AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BUS ROUTE GUIDANCE AND INFORMATION DESIGN. A MANUAL FOR BUS AND LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1994/02 SP - 55 p. AB - This design guide is for bus systems or light rail systems in locales in which a substantial number of riders are expected to be infrequent users, tourists, or transient. All the design suggestions are for the least costly methods of imparting route planning and guidance information to the would-be rider: static signs and printed material. KW - Bus routes KW - Bus transit KW - Light rail transit KW - Manuals KW - Passenger information systems KW - Route guidance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386230 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01594675 AU - Touran, Ali AU - Bolster, Paul J AU - Thayer, Scott W AU - Northeastern University AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Department of Transportation TI - Risk Assessment in Fixed Guideway Transit System Construction PY - 1994/01 SP - 152p AB - The importance and urgency of risk analysis in today's complex projects, in face of financial constraints, has spurred several research efforts in this area. Cost overruns are commonplace in the design and construction of complex capital projects such as fixed guideway transit systems. One major reason for cost overruns is the uncertainty inherent in various aspects of the work. This uncertainty can result in a wide range of outcomes that in turn may impact project cost and schedule in unfavorable ways. Risk assessment is difficult in large capital transit projects. Yet, it is imperative that the owners or sponsors engage in a rigorous, systematic analysis of major sources of risk. The objective of this report is to help the owner or sponsor in developing a framework for managing risk in the design and construction of fixed guideway transit projects. Risk, as used in the context of this report, is defined primarily as the potential for monetary loss resulting from uncertainty about the project. In order to develop the risk management framework, first the sources of risk must be identified and categorized. Then a measurement system should be used to quantify the risk. Finally, each risk item should be allocated between the parties involved in an equitable manner. If the project risks can be identified in a timely manner, quantified in a logical way, and allocated properly between the project participants (sponsor, owner, contractor, and engineer), then the likelihood of significant cost and schedule overruns will be reduced considerably. KW - Construction KW - Fixed guideway transit KW - Guideways KW - Risk analysis KW - Risk management UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56542/riskassessmenti9501alit_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397456 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642612 AU - Schweiger, Carol L AU - Kihl, M AU - Labell, L N AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: THE STATE OF THE ART, UPDATE '94 PY - 1994/01 SP - 154 p. AB - This report documents one of the components of FTA's Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Program, a program structured to undertake research and development of innovative applications of advanced navigation, information, and communication technologies that most benefit public transportation. This report is an update to the original State-of-the-Art report which was published in April 1991, and a subsequent update, published in April 1992. It contains the results of a limited investigation of the extent of adoption of advanced technology in the provision of public transportation service in North America. It focuses on some of the most innovative or comprehensive implementations, categorized under three types of technologies: Smart Traveler, Smart Vehicle, and Smart Intermodal Systems. The objective of this effort is to increase the industry's knowledge of successful applications of advanced technologies with the expectation that this will lead to their widespread adoption. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Automation KW - Control systems automation KW - Fta section 6 KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Navigation systems KW - Smart intermodal systems KW - Smart traveler KW - State of the art studies KW - Technological innovations UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/24000/24000/24057/1X_01.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56319/advancedpublict9409john_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381510 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642615 AU - Dagang, D A AU - Loudon, W R AU - JHK & Associates TI - GUIDELINES FOR THE EVALUATION OF TCM IMPACTS PY - 1994/01 SP - 22 p. AB - In California, and throughout the nation, strategies for reducing pollutant emissions for mobile sources are being pursued as one method for improving air quality. Transportation control measures (TCMs) are being included in air quality plans, State Implementation Plans, and Transportation Improvement plans in response to federal and state mandates. The process of choosing the most effective TCMs requires the analysis of their impacts. A number of TCM impact assessment tools have been developed to assist in this process, and each tool has been developed for slightly different purposes. The TCM impact assessment tools included in this paper are TCM tools (developed by JHK & Associates and Sierra Research), the TDM Evaluation Model (developed by COMSIS), the Pivot Point Model (distributed by California Air Resources Board), and TRIPS (developed by Greig Harvey). Regional travel models can also be used to evaluate some TCM impacts, and they are included in these guidelines. This paper reports on the development of guidelines for evaluating the impacts of TCMs. These guidelines reflect the application of the individual TCM impact assessment tools included, and provide some general guidance that should be followed when evaluating TCMs. KW - Air pollution sources KW - Air quality management KW - Assessments KW - Guidelines KW - Impact studies KW - Pollutants KW - Pollution abatement measures KW - Pollution control KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381512 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647041 AU - National Conference of State Legislatures TI - EIGHT WAYS TO FINANCE TRANSIT. A POLICYMAKERS GUIDE PY - 1994/01 SP - 65 p. AB - This guide for state legislators and their staffs outlines the unique methods that are used to finance transportation projects, including the use of resources from various private-sector sources. The guide is not intended to be a comprehensive analysis of all methods of financing transportation, but focuses instead on sources of funding that are normally found in annual reports of transportation authorities under the heading of 'Other Revenue'. The eight methods outlined are: Negotiated investments; Special benefit assessment districts; Cross-border leasing; Advertising and concessions; Contributions, donations, exchanges; Air/land rights; Certificates of participation; and Joint development and joint ventures. KW - Economics KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Financing KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - State departments of transportation KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386997 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643938 AU - Touran, A AU - Bolster, P J AU - Thayer, S W AU - Northeastern University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RISK ASSESSMENT IN FIXED GUIDEWAY CONSTRUCTION PY - 1994/01 SP - 138 p. AB - The objective of this report is to help the owner or the sponsor in developing a framework for managing risk in the design and construction of a fixed guideway capital transit project. Risk, as used in the context of this report, is primarily defined as the potential for monetary loss resulting from uncertainty about the project. This report deals with financial and technical uncertainties that may impact project's budget and schedule. Risk management process is covered in three phases: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk allocation and mitigation. A risk checklist is developed to facilitate the process of risk identification. Deterministic and probabilistic methods of risk measurement and modeling are described and several case studies are used to clarify the modeling process and to highlight the interaction of financial and construction risks. Research in risk allocation and mitigation is reviewed. A system is devised for allocating the risks identified in the risk checklist to various parties in the contract in a fair and equitable way. KW - Budgeting KW - Capital expenditures KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Contingency planning KW - Costs KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Fta section 11 KW - Rail transit KW - Risk assessment KW - Risk management KW - Scheduling UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386227 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00711309 AU - South Coast Air Quality Management District TI - MAAQI COMPUTER PROGRAM VERSION 1.00 USER GUIDE PY - 1994/01 SP - v.p. AB - Mobile Assessment for Air Quality Impacts (MAAQI) is an air quality modeling tool designed and produced by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) to estimate vehicular and energy emissions. This User Guide for the MAAQI Computer Program provides easily accessible information about this modeling tool. It is not necessary to be an expert mathematician or computer user to follow this User Guide or the MAAQI model. Many of the techniques are simple; others are more advanced and may require more experience with MAAQI, this User Guide, and computers in general. KW - Air quality management KW - Analysis KW - Computer aided analysis KW - Computer program documentation KW - Exhaust gases KW - Information processing KW - Manuals KW - Models-simulation KW - Simulation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/450426 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670256 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INNOVATIONS IN PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT FOR TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PY - 1994/01 SP - 67 p. AB - Federal regulations to implement the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 call for proactive public involvement processes that respond not only to the requirements of ISTEA but also to those of related Federal Acts, such as the Clean Air Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act. This notebook contains a set of 14 leaflets, each briefly describing a different technique of public involvement suited to both metropolitan and statewide planning. It was prepared to support the public involvement processes required by the ISTEA and is intended to serve as a guide for transportation planners, citizens, public officials, and transportation providers. The set of notebook pages introduces agencies to some practical techniques of public involvement that can be used in a variety of situations. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - City planning KW - Clean Air Act KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Public participation KW - Regional planning KW - State planning KW - States UR - http://www.bts.gov/NTL/DOCS/trans.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6400/6452/trans.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411063 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664664 AU - Bernick, M AU - Kirk, T J AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT VILLAGES: OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES PY - 1994/01 SP - 19 p. AB - The idea of the transit village has assumed new prominence throughout California. Symposiums on designing transit villages at rail transit stations have been held in Los Angeles County and the San Francisco Bay Area for both heavy and light rail lines. In order to examine the feasibility of transit villages, the UC Berkeley National Transit Access Center (NTRAC) examined three rail transit stations in the Bay Area: Richmond, West Oakland, and MacArthur. For each of these stations, NTRAC examined existing land uses, demographics, zoning, community involvement, and recent development plans and projects. This report summarizes the findings for each station. KW - City planning KW - Communities KW - Demographics KW - Land use planning KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit stations KW - Transit villages KW - Urban development KW - Zoning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405380 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00648000 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: APTS PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - MINNESOTA GUIDESTAR TRAVLINK OPERATIONAL TEST PY - 1994/01 IS - 3 SP - 3 p. AB - The Minnesota Guidestar is seeking to develop a statewide intelligent transportation system. Travlink is Guidestar's operational test of Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Program. The test will involve an integrated Automatic Vehicle Location/Advanced Traveler Information System (ACL/ATIS) implementation in the newly constructed I-394 freeway corridor in the Minneapolis-St. Paul urban area. Key Travlink activities include deployment of a computer-aided dispatching (CAD/AVL) system, use of a commercial videotex service and installation of other traveler information devices. The Technical Assistance Brief provides a description of the system; discusses stepps taken to form public-private partnerships; covers market reseach being employed; and looks at the questions the evaluation will answer. The current status of Travlink is also briefly discussed. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced traveler information systems KW - Automatic vehicle location KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Market research KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Public private partnerships UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/03trav.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390637 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647992 AU - Schiavone, J J AU - Transit Development Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Ontario Ministry of Transportation TI - INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE TRANSIT MAINTENANCE EFFICIENCY PY - 1994/01 SP - 212 p. AB - This report presents an analysis of innovative maintenance technologies not commonly used in public transit today. The report reaches out to other industries, as well as to transit itself, to identify the "next generation" of maintenance tools and equipment. Making transit agencies aware of this innovative technology is intended to improve maintenance efficiency and reduce operating costs. Innovative maintenance technologies identified by this study are grouped into four general categories: Low Level Technology, Advanced Technology, Robotics and Condition Monitoring. The search for these technologies involved several activities including surveys, "technology wanted" classified advertisements placed in advanced-technology publications, and visits made to a variety of industrial facilities located in the U.S., Canada and Europe. Valuable assistance and guidance in the preparation of this report was provided by the "Innovative Technology to Improve Transit Maintenance Efficiency Task Force". Known by the acronym "I-TIME", the Task Force was comprised of transit professionals from the U.S. and Canada with extensive experience in maintenance. KW - Bus transportation KW - Facilities KW - Fta section 6 KW - Maintenance practices KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Railroad transportation KW - Robotics KW - Technological innovations KW - Transit management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387384 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646995 AU - Spear, B D AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Office of the Secretary of Transportation AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Environmental Protection Agency TI - NEW APPROACHES TO TRAVEL FORECASTING MODELS. A SYNTHESIS OF FOUR RESEARCH PROPOSALS PY - 1994/01 SP - 34 p. AB - This report summarizes 4 approaches proposed by transportation consultants on how transportation planning models should and could be improved. New approaches can meet new forecasting requirements, address the impacts of new transportation technology, and exploit the travel behavior theory and methodology that has developed over the past 2 decades. This document identifies common themes in the approaches and elements missing from some approaches, with the aim of developing a research plan for the future models. Topics highlighted include microsimulation approaches to travel demand forecasting, dynamic assignment models, use of geographic information systems (GIS) as a platform for forecasting models, and linkages between travel demand and mobile emissions models. KW - Dynamic models KW - Emission factors KW - Forecasting KW - Geographic information systems KW - Mathematical models KW - Microsimulation KW - Pollutants KW - Research projects KW - Simulation KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel behavior KW - Travel demand UR - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/tmip/publications/other_reports/new_approaches_travel_forecasting/natf.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/444.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386962 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646994 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) TI - OVERVIEW OF TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES PY - 1994/01 SP - 24 p. AB - This report provides an overview of the Travel Demand Management (TDM) concept and its utility in addressing congestion and air quality problems. This introductory document describes the components of TDM strategies, how they relate to longer term congestion avoidance strategies, and the potential level of impact of successful TDM programs. One section specifically explores the myths and realities of successful TDM programs. The document stresses the importance of commitment, constituency, coordination, and continuity in putting together a successful TDM program. The document should be of particular use as an overview for non-transportation executives unfamiliar with the TDM concept. KW - Air quality management KW - Congestion management systems KW - Coordination KW - Impacts KW - Strategic planning KW - Travel demand management UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/4000/4300/4365/273.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56492/overviewoftrave9411coms_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386961 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646991 AU - Balog, J N AU - Schwarz, A N AU - Doyle, B C AU - Ketron Division of the Bionetics Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - TRANSIT SYSTEM SECURITY PROGRAM PLANNING GUIDE PY - 1994/01 SP - 130 p. AB - The goal of the FTA Safety and Security Program is to achieve the highest practical level of safety and security in all transit modes. To protect passengers, employees, revenues, and property, all transit systems are encourages to develop, implement, and maintain a System Security Plan and Program. The purpose of this guide is to help transit systems develop, outline, and write their security plan in order to implement an effective Security Program. This guide is a "Do It Yourself/Self Instructional" type of manual for developing a Transit System Security Plan and Program. The guide has been developed so that you can read a chapter and then prepare the comparable section in your plan. Each aspect of a transit security plan is discussed to ensure that when complete, the plan/document will demonstrate management's commitment and policy regarding security; introduce the concept of a System Security Program; describe the transit system; establish the management of the plan; detail the Security Program by assigning responsibilities; explain how threats and vulnerabilities will be identified, assessed, and resolved; describe how the plan itself will be implemented to establish or revise the program; and describe how the Security Plan will be evaluated and modified. Additional information in the appendices will help make the complete Security Plan a valuable security reference. The guide also includes a bibliography of approximately 200 documents. KW - Guidelines KW - Program management KW - Public transit KW - Safety programs KW - Security UR - http://www.bts.gov/NTL/DOCS/tssp.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/tssp.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56579/transitsystemsec941bion_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56617/transitsystemsec941bion_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386959 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646535 AU - Balog, J N AU - Schwarz, A N AU - Doyle, B C AU - Ketron Division of the Bionetics Corporation AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT SYSTEM SECURITY SYSTEM PROGRAM GOAL PY - 1994/01 SP - 130 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration's Safety and Security Program goal is to achieve the highest practical level of safety and security in all modes of transit. In order to protect passengers, employees, revenues, and property, all transit systems are encouraged to develop, implement, and maintain a System Security Plan and Program. Increased security should be accomplished through the use of a systems approach with both proactive and law enforcement activities clearly outlined in the Security Program Plan. The System Security Program Plan should be a complete, well thought out guide to establishing and maintaining a comprehensive Security Program for the transit system and the entire system for which it is responsible: this includes people, property, procedures, and environment. This Guide is designed to help transit systems outline and author the sections of a plan in order to implement an effective Security Program. The Guide discusses each aspect of a security plan to ensure that when complete, the plan document will demonstrate management's commitment and policy regarding security; introduce the concept of a Security System Program; describe the transit system; establish the management of the plan; detail the Security Program by assigning responsibilities; explain how threats and vulnerabilities will be identified, assessed, and resolved; describe how the plan itself will be implemented to establish or revise the program; and describe how the Security Plan will be evaluated and modified. Additional information in the appendixes will make the complete Security Plan a valuable security reference. The Guide includes a transit security bibliography of approximately 200 documents. KW - Crimes KW - Guidelines KW - Law enforcement KW - Prevention KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - Safety and security KW - Security KW - Transportation safety KW - Vandalism UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386799 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642611 AU - CASEY, R F AU - Collura, J AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - EVALUATION GUIDELINES FOR THE ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS OPERATIONAL TESTS PY - 1994/01 SP - 170 p. AB - The Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Program of the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) is an important element of the overall U.S. DOT Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) initiative. The goal of the APTS Program is to enhance the ability of public transportation systems to satisfy customer needs and contribute to community goals by providing information on innovative applications of available technologies from a coordinated operational test and evaluation program. Some operational tests will focus predominantly on a single mode, while other tests will include intermodal elements and considerations. The operational tests form an integral part of the APTS Program and are meant to serve as learning tools and models for other urban and rural areas throughout the country. In order for these tests to be effective in this way, a consistent and carefully structured approach for operational test evaluation must be employed. This document provides guidelines to assist in the evaluation of an APTS operational test. These guidelines have been developed to foster consistency of evaluation philosophy and techniques and comparability and transferability of results to improve the quality and usefulness of the findings and conclusions associated with the tests. Particular emphasis was placed on the formulation of measures which would facilitate the assessment of the APTS Program objectives associated with each test. To a great extent, these will also serve to assess the objectives of the local sponsoring organizations. These measures were grouped into six categories as will be discussed in this document. These guidelines are intended for use by those organizations involved in the evaluation process, including the evaluation contractor and the local sponsor. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced systems KW - Evaluation KW - Fta section 6 KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381509 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070796 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - I-15/ State Street corridor improvements, Salt Lake County : environmental impact statement PY - 1994///Volumes held: Draft, Supplement to the draft, Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Utah UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830181 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070792 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Boonton Line, Montclair branch corridor improvements : environmental impact statement PY - 1994///Volumes held: Draft, Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - New Jersey UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830177 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070655 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Chicago central area circulator project : environmental impact statement PY - 1994///Volumes held: D,F,Fapp(fol); Preliminary alternative concepts for light rail transit B1; Project scoping report B2; Work paper No.1, corridor evaluation B3:pt.1; Maps B3:pt.2; Concepts for bus alternatives B4; Definition of alternatives report B5; A KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Illinois UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830040 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070505 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Phase I airport busway/Wabash HOV, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania : environmental impact statement PY - 1994///Volumes held: Draft, Draft Appendix(fol), Final, Final Appendix(fol) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Pennsylvania UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829890 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070493 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Los Angeles Metro Red Line East Side corridor : environmental impact statement PY - 1994///Volumes held: Draft, Final(2v); Plan and profile drawings of rail transit alternatives B1(fol) KW - California KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829878 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070491 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Hillsboro extension of the Westside Corridor project, Washington County : environmental impact statement PY - 1994///Volumes held: Draft, Final; Public comments received on the draft EIS B1; Section 4(f) report B2 KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Oregon UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829876 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00715238 AU - Carter, R J AU - GOODMAN, M J AU - Oak Ridge National Laboratory AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DRIVER PERFORMANCE DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR ERGONOMICS RESEARCH PY - 1994 SP - 6 p. AB - A portable ergonomics data acquisition system consisting of state-of-the-art hardware being designed is described here. It will be employed to record driver, vehicle, and environment parameter data from a wide range of vehicles and trucks. The system will be unobtrusive to the driver and inconspicuous to the outside world. It will have three modes of data collection. Modularity, flexibility, and cost will be key drivers in the development effort. The ergonomics data acquisition system project is being conducted in two phases - a feasibility study and a development, construction, and validation phase. KW - Automatic vehicle monitoring KW - Data collection KW - Driver performance KW - Drivers KW - Ergonomics KW - Hardware KW - Personnel performance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/448786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00711328 AU - Gomez-Ibanez, Jose A AU - Small, K A AU - Transportation Research Board AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ROAD PRICING FOR CONGESTION MANAGEMENT: A SURVEY OF INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE. SYNTHESIS OF HIGHWAY PRACTICE 210 PY - 1994 SP - 83 p. AB - This synthesis will be of interest to transportation agency administrators and managers, state and regional planners, metropolitan planning organizations, policymakers, economists, traffic engineers, and others concerned with reducing traffic congestion in urban areas. The report discusses the experience of several foreign countries that use road pricing as a tool for congestion management, usually called congestion pricing. The purpose of this synthesis is to summarize the experiences of these foreign ventures to provide insights into the applicability of similar ideas in the U.S. The focus is on political and policy objectives, the institutional and technical considerations in implementing the proposals, the impacts on traffic and related factors in the urban environment, and public reactions. To introduce the foreign experience, the synthesis describes the various congestion pricing schemes, and their automated or electronic tolling technologies. Case studies of congestion pricing experiences are presented for Singapore, Hong Kong, the Scandinavian toll ring cities, as well as intercity congestion pricing in France. The Netherlands and the United Kingdom have undertaken the first full-scale studies of congestion pricing for huge metropolitan areas, and thereby have greatly advanced our knowledge of what to expect from such policies and how they might be implemented. One key conclusion of this study is that properly designed congestion pricing schemes can substantially reduce traffic congestion. Study results show that congestion pricing need not be costly to implement or administer. The schemes in operation require only about 10 or 12 percent of their revenues to cover operating and enforcement costs. KW - Congestion management systems KW - Cooperation KW - International KW - International compacts KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Policy making KW - Road pricing KW - Technology assessment KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/447581 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00711327 AU - Thomas, H R AU - Smith, G R AU - Transportation Research Board AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CRITERIA FOR QUALIFYING CONTRACTORS FOR BIDDING PURPOSES. SYNTHESIS OF HIGHWAY PRACTICE 190 PY - 1994 SP - 94 p. AB - This synthesis covers the evolution of the various practices of qualifying contractors by public agencies and private sureties for public construction, discusses the surety industry perspective, and addresses the areas of overlap between them, as well as the important differences. Specific advantages and disadvantages of prequalification and post qualification practices are highlighted. This report also describes the bonding process, methods used by public agencies to determine the contractor's bonding capacity, and the extent to which only bonding is required by states. Information is provided on the current practices used by state highway agencies to qualify contractors for performing competitively bid contract work. This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, contracting officers, engineers, and contractors, as well as bonding firms and sureties or others involved with highway construction and the procurement process for these services. The report is an immediately useful document that records practices that were acceptable at the time of its preparation KW - Bonding KW - Contract administration KW - Governments KW - Insurance industry KW - Procurement KW - Road construction UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/447580 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00711323 AU - Materials, Communication and Computers, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PERFORMANCE PROFILES FOR THE 1992 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR. FEDERAL TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION - REGION 9 PY - 1994 SP - 320 p. AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 includes language that requires a full review and evaluation of Section 9 grant recipients' compliance with statutory and administrative requirements once every three years. As part of the triennial reviews, an overview of each grantee's performance is required. This FTA Performance Profile is part of the Section 15 reporting system. The Performance Profile System Program enables FTA to produce a performance profile on grantees which consists of three parts: 1) a set of performance indicators for one grantee for a 5-year period; 2) a set of performance indicators for the grantee that compares grantee data with the performance data of the grantees' peer group for a 5-year period; and 3) a graphic showing the grantee's standardized scores in relation to the peer group. KW - Finance KW - Financial management KW - Fta section 5 KW - Grant aid KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Peer groups KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/447578 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00681621 AU - Mason, J M AU - Kostival, L M AU - Pennsylvania State University, University Park AU - Transportation Research Board TI - CIVIL ENGINEERING CAREERS: A USER'S GUIDE FOR AWARENESS, RETENTION, AND CURRICULUM PROGRAMS PY - 1994 SP - 112 p. AB - This User's Guide serves as a single-source document that provides a permanent reference for securing information and guidance available to agencies and organizations interested in enhancing the civil engineering and transportation professions. It contains 14 sections that provide step by step descriptions of how various constituencies can implement the action plans of the ARC model. The Guide details strategies for implementing various programs to provide students with an awareness of civil and transportation engineering careers, to retain students who have the interest and to affect curriculums that relate the relevance of class material to such careers. These programs have been referred to as the ARC (Awareness, Retention, and Curriculum) model. The Guide complements the recruitment and retention initiatives of the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials and others. This report covers the third phase designed to expand the ARC model. KW - Deployment KW - Personnel development KW - Professional personnel KW - Training programs KW - Transportation engineering UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/422482 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00677946 AU - B. T. Harder, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - MANAGEMENT TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS. A SYNTHESIS OF HIGHWAY PRACTICE PY - 1994 SP - 61 p. AB - The objective of this synthesis is to provide and overview of the training and development activities of transportation agencies in the U.S. and Canada. This synthesis will be of interest to administrators, human resource managers, technical managers, and those who develop training courses for DOTs. It describes the management philosophies that support the management training and development programs, such as the need for effective leadership, customer service as a primary mission, increased workforce productivity, employee involvement, teamwork for more effective results, and the need for a systems perspective by management. Major issues, including the increasing nonengineering functions within DOTs, the aging and diversity of the workforce, recruitment of entry level professionals, employee retention, and the use of contract services are discussed. The remaining portion of the synthesis explores the options available to DOTs for management training and development as well as the programs currently in use, both nationally and by selected DOTs. This report is an immediately useful document that records practices that were acceptable at the time of its preparation. KW - Customer service KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Leadership KW - Management KW - Management development KW - Management training KW - Transportation careers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/421786 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00671268 JO - Geotextiles and Geomembranes PB - Elsevier AU - Kaniraj, S R AU - PANWAR, V K AU - Elsevier Science Publishers AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MAXIMUM REQUIRED BISECTORIAL REINFORCEMENT FORCE IN EMBANKMENTS ON SOFT GROUND PY - 1994 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - p. 247-61 AB - In the rotational stability analysis of reinforced embankments on soft ground, the maximum required reinforcement force to achieve the desired target factor of safety is usually determined by a total stress analysis, using a limit equilibrium approach and assuming a circular failure surface. Solutions are presented in the paper for the case when the reinforcement force is assumed to act in the direction of the bisector to the horizontal and tangential directions at the point where the failure surface intersects the reinforcement. In the first part of the paper, the failure surface is assumed to pass through the foundation soil and the embankment. The second part of the paper considers the presence of a full height dry tension crack in the embankment. The presence of a berm is considered. Solutions for the location of the critical failure surface and the maximum required reinforcement force are presented in the form of simple equations. A few example problems are solved by using the solutions presented in the paper. The results agree well with the values obtained using other solutions. (A) KW - Embankments KW - Failure KW - Foundations KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Mechanically stabilized earth KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Structural analysis UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/414606 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00671266 JO - Geotextiles and Geomembranes PB - Elsevier AU - Sawicki, A AU - KULCGYKOWSKI, M AU - Elsevier Science Publishers AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRE-FAILURE BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED SOIL PY - 1994 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - p. 213-30 AB - This paper deals with the elastic-plastic analysis of fibre-reinforced soil that is treated as a macroscopically homogeneous composite material. First, the theory of such a material is briefly described. The theory allows for straightforward determination of the initial yield surface of reinforced soil. The initial yield surface is defined as a surface, in the macrostress space, on which either the soil or the reinforcement first becomes plastic the second constituent being in an elastic state. Further loading of the composite causes the regrouping of microstresses in both constituents up to the stage at which the second constituent becomes plastic. The points corresponding to such states form, in the macrostress space, the global yield surface for reinforced soil. The global yield surface can be determined analytically only in special cases. In a general case it can be determined by numerical integration of incremental equations describing an elasto-plastic range of the composite's behaviour. The global yield surface is determined for various sets of initial data. The results are compared with the limit surface defined by the rigid-plastic model of reinforced soil. Conclusions of practical importance are drawn. (A) KW - Elasticity (Mechanics) KW - Fibers KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Mathematical models KW - Mechanically stabilized earth KW - Plasticity KW - Reinforcement (Engineering) KW - Reinforcing materials KW - Soils UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/414604 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00671267 JO - Geotextiles and Geomembranes PB - Elsevier AU - GIRAND, J P AU - BEECH, J F AU - SODERMAN, K L AU - Elsevier Science Publishers AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - YIELD OF SCRATCHED GEOMEMBRANES PY - 1994 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - p. 231-46 AB - In this paper, it is demonstrated that geomembranes that have a stress-strain curve with a yield peak, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembranes, yield at a tensile strain that is significantly influenced by scratches on the surface of the geomembrane. It is shown that scratched HDPE geomembranes can exhibit yield at strains that are one-third to one-half the yield strain of intact geomembranes. The method presented in this paper makes it possible to quantify the reduction in HDPE geomembrane yield strain due to scratches as a function of the scratch depth and the geomembrane thickness. Alternatively, the method can be used to select the thickness of an HDPE geomembrane for a given required yield strain when a certain scratch depth is expected. (A) KW - Calculation KW - Decreases KW - Ethylene resins KW - Geotextiles KW - Loss and damage KW - Mathematical models KW - Plastic deformation KW - Polyethylene KW - Strain (Mechanics) KW - Surfaces KW - Thickness UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/414605 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00671269 JO - Geotextiles and Geomembranes PB - Elsevier AU - Horvath, J S AU - Elsevier Science Publishers AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE (EPS) GEOFOAM: AN INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR PY - 1994 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - p. 263-80 AB - The new geosynthetic product category of 'geofoam' was proposed in 1992. It encompasses polymeric and non-polymeric foam that are used in geotechnical applications. Geofoams perform functions that traditional geosynthetic products cannot. In addition, geofoams can be used to complement or enhance the function of other geosynthetics. Thus, geofoams used either alone or with other geosynthetics offer new, cost-effective solutions to a wide variety of geotechnical problems. This paper provides an overview of the geotechnically relevant engineering properties of a specific geofoam material called expanded polystyrene (EPS), which is a type of 'rigid' plastic foam. EPS is the most widely used geofoam material. There is approximately 30 years experience of using it in geotechnical applications, primarily as thermal insulation and ultra-lightweight fill (its density is only about 1% of the density of soil). (A) KW - Behavior KW - Compression KW - Deformation KW - Durability KW - Electric insulating materials KW - Expanded materials KW - Fill (Embankment) KW - Fills KW - Insulating materials KW - Lightweight materials KW - Loads KW - Polystyrene UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/414607 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670226 AU - Joice, W H AU - Technology Sharing Program AU - General Services Administration TI - IMPLEMENTING TELECOMMUTING. MANUAL FOR THE INTERAGENCY TELECOMMUTING PROGRAM PY - 1994 SP - 38 p. AB - The U.S. Department of Transportation and the U.S. General Services Administration are sponsoring a governmentwide telecommuting program to increase opportunities for employees to work part of their regular workweek at an alternate worksite: at home or at a telecommuting center. A telecommuting center is a multiagency facility that provides geographically convenient office setting as an alternative to the employee's main office. Federal telecenters also serve as conveniently located administrative support centers for home-based telecommuters. This manual is provided to assist Federal agencies and their employees establish and participate in such flexible (alternative) workplace arrangements. These arrangements are also called telecommuting arrangements and participants are called telecommuters. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Interagency relations KW - Manuals KW - Telecommuting UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5581/776a.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411035 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670225 AU - Technology Sharing Program AU - General Services Administration TI - ORIENTATION TO TELECOMMUTING. TRAINER'S GUIDE AND PARTICIPANT WORKBOOKS. INTERAGENCY TELECOMMUTING PROGRAM PY - 1994 SP - 18 p. AB - This document provides a generic model for an orientation to preparation and operational issues for participating in a telecommuting program. Public and private sector telecommuting experience has shown that a thoughtfully designed and presented orientation for telecommuters and their managers can be a key ingredient to successful implementation of the program. This orientation, which was adapted from orientation materials developed by the Interagency Training Center of the U.S. General Services Administration, consists of three basic components: 1) review of relevant policies and regulations; 2) workbook reading and exercises which provide general background information and highlight some of the key issues that telecommuters and their supervisors should consider to make telecommuting successful; and, 3) discussion session which builds on and responds to the trainees' learning in the above components. KW - Guidelines KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Interagency relations KW - Orientation KW - Telecommuting KW - Training KW - Training devices UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411034 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00669128 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - LIVABLE COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE PY - 1994 SP - 6 p. AB - This brochure describes the Federal Transit Administration's Livable Communities Initiative including its background, objectives, eligible recipients and activities, sources of funding and legislative basis, and project selection factors. The Livable Communities Initiative is a vital component of the Federal Transit Administration's Strategic Plan which promotes linkages between transit needs and community needs. This includes an inclusive, participatory, comprehensive, coordinated planning and design process and improves personal mobility. KW - City planning KW - Communities KW - Community action programs KW - Land use planning KW - Livable communities KW - Livable communities initiative KW - Quality of life KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/410724 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664673 AU - Community Transportation Association TI - RTAP TRAINING RESOURCES CATALOG FOR RURAL AND SPECIALIZED TRANSIT SYSTEMS. A RURAL TRANSIT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM OF THE FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION PY - 1994 SP - v.p. AB - This is the fourth update of the Training Resources Catalog for Rural and Specialized Transit Systems produced through the FTA National Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP) and administered by the American Public Works Association. The catalog is a compendium of available training programs and resources. The goal of the catalog is to identify rural transit training programs, audio-visual materials and publications that can be used and/or adapted for state and local use. Training products in this catalog have been gathered from various sources and may need tailoring to fit individual needs. Each chapter consists of separate sections for training programs and training resources. Bibliographic descriptions of available training programs and resources are presented for the following 14 categories: Accessibility; Americans with Disabilities Act; Commercial Driver's License; Dispatching; Driver Training; Drug Free Transit; Emergency Procedures; Indian Lands Transit; Management; Marketing; Passenger Assistance; Planning; Safety; and Vehicle Maintenance. KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - Special user groups KW - Specialized training KW - Training programs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/406655 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664671 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION 1994 PRODUCTS AND PUBLICATIONS RESOURCE GUIDE PY - 1994 SP - 11 p. AB - This PROJECT ACTION resource guide lists ongoing research product and publication deliverables related to accessible transit for persons with disabilities. The project deliverables (such as final reports, guides, maps, and videos) range from identifying persons with disabilities and their transit needs, and training consumers, providers and travelers, to marketing a modal switch, using accessible technology, and creating tactile map products and training. KW - Accessibility KW - Barrier free design KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Physical disabilities KW - Project action KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405386 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647989 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TURNKEY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY. DESIGN BUILD: A NEW APPROACH. TECHNICAL BRIEF PY - 1994 SP - 5 p. AB - This technical information brochure introduces the implementation strategy of the FTA Turnkey (Design-Build) Demonstration Program, authorized by Section 3019 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) to demonstrate turnkey procurement practices that advance new technologies and lower the cost of constructing new transit systems. The brochure presents background information and discusses the FTA outreach activities that helped initiate and implement the Turnkey Demonstration Program. The four demonstration projects selected to participate are highlighted and graphically displayed in terms of scheduling of events. The projects are identified to verify the benefits of design-build-operate turnkey procurements, and to determine existing federal barriers, if any, to financing these projects. Some of the services that the demonstration program will offer include expert technical assistance, contractor monitoring and evaluation of the turnkey demonstration projects for the duration of the projects. The brochure also lists the turnkey demonstration program products and program contacts. KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Design KW - Implementation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Procurement KW - Technological innovations KW - Turnkey systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387381 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644052 AU - Waters Information Services, Incorporated TI - THE IVHS INDEX PY - 1994 SP - v.p. AB - Waters Information Services has tapped into its vast experience publishing industry newsletters and research reports to create a comprehensive directory to the IVHS industry. The Index includes over 300 detailed profiles of IVHS vendors, systems integrators, subsystem suppliers, consultants and engineering firms. it provides immediate access to key company contacts, IVHS products, relevant sales figures and on-going project activity. In addition, the report lists key IVHS contacts at federal and state DOTs and other agencies as well as professional and trade associations active in the field. Published annually, the Index is an up-to-date service that insures the reader to keep the expanding scope of the IVHS industry in focus. Future editions will include European and Pac Rim profiles. KW - Associations KW - Businesses KW - Consultants KW - Directories KW - Indexes (Information management) KW - Indexes (Locators) KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Marketing KW - Product development KW - Profiles KW - Referencing KW - Sales KW - Suppliers KW - Trade associations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388672 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644021 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT (ISTEA): FLEXIBLE FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRANSIT '94 PY - 1994 SP - 55 p. AB - This pamphlet is intended to inform the state, regional and local officials of the flexible funding opportunities that the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 offers for transit use in 1994. Part 1 of the report reaffirms the need for collaborative multimodal planning and summarizes some of the major provisions of the joint FTA/FHWA Metropolitan and Statewide Transportation Planning Regulations. Part 2 explains the flexible fund transfer and administration process, as well as FHWA's obligation authority mechanism. Part 3 presents a broad overview of the Surface Transportation Program, including an explanation of the distribution rules and eligibility criteria which extend to most of the flexible funding sources presented here. These "Flexible Funds"--the STP Apportionment Adjustments, Minimum Allocation, Donor State Bonus, Interstate Maintenance, Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation, National Highway System, Substitute Highway, and Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement programs--are profiled and their transit opportunities are defined in Part 4. Part 5 provides, through a series of tables, a state by state breakdown of FY 1994 flexible funding opportunities. Part 6 presents a series of brief case studies which highlight some of FY 1993's flexibly funded transit projects and the factors that played a part in the successful programming of these activities. A number of appendices are included to help further explain ISTEA's flexibility provisions KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Flexibility KW - Government funding KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Local government KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Multimodal transportation systems KW - Regional government KW - State departments of transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386292 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644022 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NATIONAL TRANSIT GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM: A COMPONENT OF THE NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PY - 1994 AB - This brochure is intended to inform the transportation community and the general public that the FTA is developing a national Transit Geographic Information System (GIS) incorporating user-friendly, personal computer software technology. The GIS will have the capability to display inventory and other selected data of fixed public transit facilities in the United States, as well as to display information of other transportation facilities including highways, airports, marine ports, freight and passenger rail systems. The Transit GIS will facilitate the exchange of information among the modal administrations and the transit industry. It will also enable managers at all levels in the Department of Transportation and the transit industry to analyze and retrieve existing transit inventory data, and project and program information. The Transit GIS will be a component of the National Transportation System and will enhance the National Spatial Data Infrastructure. KW - Data analysis KW - Geographic information systems KW - Information display systems KW - Information retrieval KW - Inventory control KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Personal computers KW - Software KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388666 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643961 AU - International Taxicab and Livery Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADA PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION HANDBOOK PY - 1994 SP - 400 p. AB - Little understanding and a great deal of confusion still exists in the private sector industry regarding applicable Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regulations and compliances. The purpose of this handbook is to serve as a comprehensive resource guide and reference manual for the private sector transportation industry. The handbook is designed to help clarify the many complex ADA issues and requirements affecting this industry, and to elevate the private sector's understanding of these issues and requirements to an action-oriented level of knowledge. The manual covers ADA's transportation related rules contained in Titles I and III for employment and public accommodations (and Title II as it relates to contracting and other issues for private organizations), provides helpful tips for compliance with the law, and lists valuable resources for further assistance. It helps organizations make determinations that establish the set of rules to be followed, i.e., determinations such as whether the system is primarily engaged or not primarily engaged in the business of transporting people, and whether it operates a fixed route or demand responsive system. This manual serves as a very important and useful tool for the industry including, but not limited to, the following service providers: airport transportation systems; vanpools; taxicab companies; private university transportation systems; charter, tour, and intercity bus companies; rural public and human service agency transportation services operated by private not-for-profit organizations; operators contracting with both public and private entities; hotel/motel shuttle services; and, vehicle rental agencies. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Compliance KW - Handbooks KW - Manuals KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Private transportation KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386241 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642613 AU - Cheng, L AU - Werner, S AU - VOGLER, M AU - Jewett, C AU - Carnell, P AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - WHEELCHAIR/OCCUPANT SECUREMENT SYSTEM (CALIFORNIA) PY - 1993/12/03 SP - 96 p. AB - This report presents the final results of a project to develop and test a wheelchair/occupant securement system for the safe transport of disabled occupants in public transit vehicles. The development effort consisted of four tasks: 1) Feasibility Study; 2) Prototype Development; 3) Static Testing; and, 4) Sled Testing. For the wheelchair restraint, a prototype was developed featuring an add-on fixture for interface with standard automotive restraint components (i.e., belts, buckles, latches, retractors). Also included in the prototype were carabiners to serve either as an adapter for wheelchairs not fitted with add-on fixtures or as an alternative device for wheelchair attachment. A three-point occupant belt system was selected for the occupant restraint. Static and dynamic testing demonstrated that this prototype system provided excellent restraint of both the wheelchair and the occupant. The restraint worked effectively for both the standard wheelchair and the three-wheeler tested. Full assessment of the crash performance of the restraint system will require extensive further sled testing on wheelchairs of different types and designs. Recommendations for potential design improvements, and future testing and evaluation were given. KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Occupant restraint KW - Performance KW - Performance analysis KW - Prototype tests KW - Restraint systems KW - Securement KW - Securing and joining equipment KW - Sled tests KW - Static tests KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381511 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00667248 AU - Snohomish County Transportation Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A GUIDE TO LAND USE AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION. VOLUME II: APPLYING THE CONCEPTS PY - 1993/12 SP - v.p. AB - Volume 1 of this report introduced the topic of public transportation compatible land use and surveyed a variety of transit-friendly community planning and design ideas. This report explores the ideas further, offering specific strategies and designs for public officials, planners, developers, and citizens interested in making their communities more transit compatible. KW - Business districts KW - Commercial districts KW - Community values KW - Compatibility KW - Land use planning KW - Pedestrian movement KW - Public transit KW - Social values KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/406703 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646378 AU - Cervero, R AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT SUPPORTIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES: EXPERIENCES AND PROSPECTS PY - 1993/12 SP - 250 p. AB - The purpose of this research is to increase the knowledge base of transit-oriented designs as a viable approach to increasing transit usage and reducing automobile dependence. The phrase 'transit-supportive developments' or 'transit-supportive sites', as used in this report, refers to places with site designs and land-use patterns that are conducive to transit riding and walking. This report examines recent experiences in the U.S. with transit-supportive designs and developments in the suburbs and exurbs of large metropolitan areas, namely, those served only by bus transit. The study focuses on the impacts of transit supportive developments on transit demands as well as the barriers to such projects. The research is organized around the following three levels of analysis: individual sites and projects (micro-level), neighborhood (intermediate), and the community level (macro). Implementation issues are addressed, namely, how recent market and regulatory factors have influenced the transit-supportive design movement. Research results are summarized and policy insights are drawn from the findings. Recommendations are presented on how to best promote transit-supportive developments in the future, and directions for future research are suggested. KW - Automobile travel KW - Bus transit KW - City planning KW - Communities KW - Development KW - Expert systems KW - Land use planning KW - Macroanalysis KW - Microanalysis KW - Neighborhoods KW - Public transit KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Ridership KW - Suburbs KW - Transit oriented development KW - Transit riders KW - Urban development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386751 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643944 AU - Black, T N AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. THE THIRTY LARGEST AGENCIES FOR THE 1992 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1993/12 SP - 84 p. AB - This publication consists of consolidated profiles for the thirty largest transit agencies in the United States. The criteria used to determine the thirty largest transit agencies is operating expense reported for the 1992 report year. The data contained in each profile consists of general and summary reports, as well as modal, performance, and trend indicators for the 1992 report year. The left page of each agency profile shows both 1) general--size and urbanized area, service area, service supplied, service consumed, and the number of vehicles operated in mamximum service; and 2) financial information--sources of operating funds, summary of operating expenses, sources and uses of capital funds. The right page of each agency profile portrays transit system characteristics by mode. Specific financial and service characteristics, as well as capital funding and performance measures are listed for each mode. KW - Expenses KW - Fta section 15 KW - Modal analysis KW - Modal split KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Profiles KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56606/transitprofilest00unse_3.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386231 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642674 AU - Daniels, L E AU - Maryland Mass Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RAIL TRANSIT CORRUGATIONS PY - 1993/12 SP - 148 p. AB - This report presents results of a study of rail corrugations in rail transit. The study includes: a survey of rail corrugation experiences on 18 North American rail transit agencies; field measurements of rail corrugations and track dynamic response on three representative transit properties; laboratory measurements of rail pads and the dynamic response of 2-block tie track with pads of varying stiffness; and, development of analysis to predict the long term rail deformation of rail under repeated rolling contact for load cases that are not necessarily above the nominal rail yield strength. The report documents rail corrugation occurrence for the vehicles, track and support structures in the rail transit industry. Agency preventive maintenance practices of rail grinding and rail lubrication are reported. Corrugation wave shapes and dynamic responses from a range of operating conditions are compared. The results of laboratory studies on the sensitivity of track dynamic response at corrugating frequencies to track component stiffness (rail pads in this case) are presented. Methodology for determining long term rail deformation under repeated loads is offered which contains criteria for rail deformation with implications for rail corrugation occurrence and growth. Corrugation mitigation guidelines based on study results are presented. KW - Contact stress KW - Corrugations (Defects) KW - Fasteners KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guideways KW - Metallurgy KW - Mitigation KW - Noise KW - Public transit KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail corrugation KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Support systems KW - Track geometry KW - Traffic mitigation KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Tunnels KW - Vibration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381571 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00712871 AU - Northern Virginia Planning District Commission AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Research and Special Programs Administration TI - IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE VIRGINIA RAILWAY EXPRESS COMMUTER RAIL ON LAND USE DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA PY - 1993/12 SP - v.p. AB - A new commuter rail system - the Virginia Railway Express (VRE) - began operations in Northern Virginia in mid-1992. The new VRE operated four trains each over two existing rail lines running through metropolitan fringe areas to downtown Washington, DC. Initial operations provided for one-way service during the morning and evening commuting hours. The system ran through a cross-section of suburban land use activities: rural areas, protected watersheds, typical 1960s-1980s suburban neighborhoods, small cities and towns, and densely developed urban areas. The purpose of this study is to identify variables and document base conditions in Northern Virginia against which future conditions will be compared. A future Phase 2 will re-examine the same variables, make comparisons to the base line conditions, identify changes and attempt to determine the changes which resulted from introduction and operations of the VRE. U1 - National Leadership Conference on Transit SecurityU.S. Department of TransportationPhiladelphia, PA StartDate:19950315 EndDate:19950317 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation KW - City planning KW - Economic development KW - Land use planning KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Rural areas KW - Suburbs UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5600/5607/879a.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/450461 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666829 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SYMPOSIUM PAPERS FOR THE OPERATIONS AND SERVICE PLANNING SYMPOSIUM, DECEMBER 8-10, 1993 PY - 1993/12 SP - v.p. AB - The symposium papers include the following titles; Impacts of Changing Demographics on Transit Planning; Working with Transit Boards of Directors; Integrating Electronic Fareboxes at the CTA; The Evolution of Automatic Passenger Counters; Ongoing Use of Automatic Passenger Counters in Route Planning; What GIS Can Do for Transit Planning; The Design of Timed Transfer Networks; Service Routes in the American Environment: The Madison Experience; Radically Changed Service by Day of Week; Sears' Headquarters Move to Outer Suburbia: How Transit Reacted; Fares: A Financial Fundamental or a Footnote?; Recent Experience with Deep Discounting; Common Issues in Fare Structure Design; London Buses: From Travelcards to Smartcards; Incremental Runcutting; Scheduling Under Relaxed Constraints; Clock-Faced Headways and Schedule Efficiency: The Los Angeles Experience; and, Ten-Hour Work Day Scheduling. KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Conferences KW - Level of service KW - Public transit KW - Technological development KW - Technology KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/406702 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664643 AU - Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade and Douglas, Incorporated AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SEISMIC AWARENESS: TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES. A PRIMER FOR TRANSPORTATION MANAGERS ON EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS AND MEASURES FOR REDUCING VULNERABILITY PLUS APPENDICES PY - 1993/12 SP - 226 p. AB - The purpose of this report is to alert managers and operators of transportation enterprises, in both the public and private sector, to the dangers of earthquakes to buildings and possible precautions to be taken. The nature of seismic hazards in the U.S. is described. These include the probability of occurrence of an earthquake in a given area, as well as its likely intensity. The probable effects of earthquakes on particular structures (vulnerability) are examined. Vulnerability is dependent on the nature of the structure and local geology as well as seismic severity. The history and current practice of structural design to counteract seismic phenomena are given and retrofit practice is discussed. Economic considerations are evaluated, with emphasis on the cost effectiveness of building new reinforced structures versus retrofitting existing structures. Three appendices provide technical explanations of the materials presented in the text proper. KW - Earthquake resistant design KW - Earthquake resistant structures KW - Earthquakes KW - Hazards KW - Retrofitting KW - Seismic hazards KW - Vulnerability UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405366 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647988 AU - Black, T N AU - Digicon Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DATA TABLES FOR THE 1992 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1993/12 SP - 319 p. AB - The report is one of three publications comprising the 1992 Annual Report from the Section 15 reporting system administered by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). The report provides detailed summaries of the financial and operating data submitted to the FTA by the nation's public transportation system, pursuant to Section 15 of the Federal Transit Act, as amended. Extensive data are provided for 503 of the nation's transit systems, including systems operated or administered by transit authorities, states, city departments and private operators under contract to public agencies. Of the 305 systems included in this report, 53% contract for some or all of their transportation service from private or public agencies. This report consists of two chapters: Chapter 1 provides general information related to understanding and using the report; Chapter 2, the data tables, contains financial and operational data by specific mode for individual transit systems. Extensive data are provided for 503 of the nation's mass transit systems listed alphabetically by state and then numerically by Section 15 identification number within each fleet size category. The data tables are organized in four major groups: transit revenues, transit expenses, non-financial operation data, and performance indicators. KW - Annual reports KW - Expenses KW - Financial analysis KW - Fta section 15 KW - Operational analysis KW - Operations KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Public transit KW - Revenues UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56378/datatablesfor19900unse_3.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387380 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647099 AU - Reznick, S M AU - American Legislative Exchange Council TI - PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE. LEGISLATOR'S GUIDE PY - 1993/12 SP - 22 p. AB - The publications defines public-private partnership in the context of transportation infrastructure financing as means of: 1) creating successful relationships between government agencies and private developers that enable those developers to bring profit-oriented management efficiencies to infrastructure design, development, construction and operations; 2) maximizing the effectiveness of infrastructure investment through project selection criteria rooted in private financial analysis methods; and 3) developing innovative financing alternatives that shift annual Federal, state and local investment in infrastructure from pay-as-you-go to debt financing mechanisms that leverage best rate private capital into the widest range of state, local and privately developed projects. It further discusses the current status of public-private partnerships; case histories of successful partnerships; selection standards, and infrastructure financing alternatives. KW - Financing KW - Infrastructure KW - Legislation KW - Legislative intent KW - Public private partnerships KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387037 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647101 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. AGENCIES IN URBANIZED AREAS EXCEEDING 200,000 POPULATION FOR THE 1992 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1993/12 SP - v.p. AB - This publication consists of individual profiles for each transit reporting agency located in an urbanized area with a population exceeding 200,000. The data contained in each profile consists of general and summary reports, as well as modal, performance, and trend indicators for the 1992 report year. The 1992 report includes reporting agencies with their fiscal year ending on or between January 1 and December 31, 1992. In order to provide a more user friendly and easily understood document, a unique publication name has been created for some transit agencies, as many transit systems have similar names such as 'Mass Transportation Authority' or 'Regional Transit District'. There were 512 reports included in the Section 15 reporting system for the 1992 report year. This publication places emphasis on urbanized areas to assist with geographical references and also to show relationships with regional governing bodies and contractual relationships with purchased transportation providers. Additionally, private conventional mass transit providers who submitted a complete report are published. These reporters can be identified by the number nine (9) in the second digit of their identification number. KW - Annual reports KW - Expenditures KW - Finance KW - Financial expenditures KW - Fta section 15 KW - Modal analysis KW - Modal split KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Profiles KW - Public transit KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Urban areas UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56599/transitprofilesa00unse_7.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388770 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00647100 JO - THE STATE FACTOR PB - American Legislative Exchange Council AU - American Legislative Exchange Council TI - REINVENTING TRANSIT: PUTTING CUSTOMERS FIRST PY - 1993/12 VL - 19 IS - 5 SP - 27 p. AB - Popularized by the Clinton Administration, the term "reinventing government" is being applied to approaches for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of public services. Many public authorities are applying the term to public transit as well. Public Transit organizations are "reinventing transit" around the world and around the nation. The primary mechanisms are public-private partnerships, competition and entrepreneurial services. Both public, private competition and entrepreneurial services can be used to attract customers through rapid transit services operating on special freeway and street lanes. Competitive rapid transit is an important means of reinventing transit. Organizational strategies can be employed to enable agencies to focus on service objectives and regulatory strategies can be used to improve cost control. KW - Competition KW - Customer service KW - Level of service KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390222 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647040 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. AGENCIES IN URBANIZED AREAS WITH A POPULATION OF LESS THAN 200,000 FOR THE 1992 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1993/12 SP - v.p. AB - This publication consists of individual profiles for each transit reporting agency located in an urbanized area with a population of less than 200,000. The data contained in each profile consists of general and summary reports, as well as modal, performance, and trend indicators for the 1992 report year. The 1992 report includes reporting agencies with their first fiscal year ending on or between January 1 and December 31, 1992. This publication places emphasis on urbanized areas to assist with geographical references and also to show relationships with regional governing bodies and contractual relationships with purchased transportation providers. KW - Annual reports KW - Financial analysis KW - Modal analysis KW - Modal split KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Profiles KW - Transit operators KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Urban areas UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56600/transitprofilesa00unse_8.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388753 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646536 AU - Peacock, R D AU - Bukowski, R W AU - Jones, W J AU - Reneke, P A AU - Babrauskas, V AU - Brown, J E AU - National Institute of Standards and Technology AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FIRE SAFETY OF PASSENGER TRAINS: A REVIEW OF U.S. AND FOREIGN APPROACHES PY - 1993/12 SP - 192 p. AB - The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), in 1989, published fire and safety guidelines which address the flammability and smoke characteristics of materials used in intercity and commuter passenger trains. Recent advances in fire test methods and hazard analysis techniques necessitate re-examination of fire safety requirements for passenger trains. Several studies have indicated almost random ability of current tests to predict actual fire behavior. Fire safety in any application, including transportation systems, requires a multi-faceted systems approach. The effects of vehicle design, material controls, detection and suppression systems, and emergency egress/access on the overall fire safety of the particular transportation system must all be considered. This report presents a detailed comparison of fire safety approaches used for passenger trains in the United States, France, and Germany. Strengths and weaknesses of current methods for measuring the fire performance of rail transportation systems are presented. An optimum systems approach to fire safety which addresses typical passenger train fire scenarios is analyzed. A major conclusion is that fire hazard and fire risk assessment methods supported by measurement methods based on heat release rate (HRR) provide a means to better predict real world fire behavior. KW - Commuting KW - Fira safety KW - Fire detection systems KW - Fire hazards KW - Fires KW - Guidelines KW - Hazards KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Passenger safety KW - Passengers KW - Railroad transportation KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386800 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644048 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa AU - Florida Department of Transportation TI - TRANSIT SERVICE CONTRACTING: A HANDBOOK FOR FLORIDA'S TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1993/12 SP - 192 p. AB - This handbook was prepared to assist Florida's public transportation providers in the competitive contracting of transportation services. In the context of this handbook, contracting refers to the purchase of services from the private sector. These services include those related to any function within the transit system, ranging from the operation of transit services to vehicle and non-vehicle maintenance functions to administrative functions. The purpose of this handbook is to assist in planning and implementing various contracting alternatives. The handbook summarizes the contracting process, from the contracting decision to the contracting documents to contract monitoring and enforcement. Numerous case studies and anecdotes are provided throughout the handbook as a source of additional information. Examples are also provided with fictional information in order to enhance the understanding of particular concepts. KW - Contract administration KW - Contracting KW - Maintenance practices KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386314 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644024 AU - Samavedam, G AU - Kish A AU - PURPLE, A AU - Schoengart, J AU - Foster-Miller Associates, Incorporated AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS AND SAFETY CONCEPTS OF CWR BUCKLING PY - 1993/12 SP - 120 p. AB - The work reported here is part of a major investigation conducted by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (VNTSC) for the Federal Railroad Administration on the thermal buckling of continuous welded rail (CWR) track in the lateral plane with the objective of developing guidelines and recommendations for buckling prevention. This report presents results of the development and application of a personal computer (PC) software model for prediction of CWR track buckling strength. This model is based on the dynamic buckling theory previously validated by tests. The model accounts for all the important parameters influencing track buckling viz., rail size, curvature, lateral resistance, tie-ballast friction, fastener torsional resistance, track longitudinal stiffness, track vertical stiffness, misalignment amplitude and wavelength, and vehicle parameters. The sensitivity of the buckling temperatures with respect to each of the parameters is quantified, and critical parameters which strongly affect buckling strength are identified. A basis for buckling safety evaluation is presented. An approach using the computer program for the development of safety limits in the form of allowable rail temperatures as functions of track peak lateral resistance, misalignment amplitude and curvature, is presented. Conclusions of practical interest from the parametric study are presented. KW - Buckling KW - Continuous welded rail KW - Dynamic conditions KW - Dynamics KW - Lateral stability KW - Parametric analysis KW - Railroad tracks KW - Thermal stability UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386294 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643959 AU - American Public Transportation Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ROSTER OF NORTH AMERICAN RAPID TRANSIT CARS, 1993 PY - 1993/12 SP - 232 p. AB - The Roster of North American Rapid Transit Cars was first published, with FTA support, in 1976 and revised in 1980. This 1993 edition has been prepared in a new format with 345 characteristics shown for all heavy railcars in operation as of 1993. KW - Characteristics KW - Inventory KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Vehicle characteristics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386239 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643958 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CLEAN BUSES AND CLEAN AIR: MAJOR TRANSIT DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES PY - 1993/12 SP - 5 p. AB - This brief paper lists the active major transit demonstration programs in the United States. The demonstrations are charted out on 5 pages and provide the following information: city and state; transit agency name; fuel type; number of buses in service/on order/planned; vehicle make/model; engine make/model; new retrofit; and federal assistance. KW - Air quality KW - Bus transit KW - Clean air KW - Clean fuels KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386238 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643947 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa TI - PRIVATIZATION IN MASS TRANSIT. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1993/12 SP - 15 p. AB - Privatization is an issue that has evolved considerably over time. The Office of Public Transportation of the Florida Department of Transportation has worked cooperatively with the Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) on a two-year study to investigate the issues associated with transit privatization. The purpose of the study was to determine general impacts of privatization, to identify critical considerations in the decision to privatize services or other functions, and to assist transit systems that have made the decision to pursue privatization alternatives. The intent was not to advocate or to discourage privatization, but to provide information to help facilitate decisionmaking at the local level. This executive summary highlights some of the important information compiled as part of the study. KW - Florida KW - Privatization KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386234 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643948 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa TI - PRIVATIZATION IN MASS TRANSIT. OVERVIEW AND THE FLORIDA EXPERIENCE PY - 1993/12 SP - 4 p. AB - The Office of Public Transportation of the Florida Department of Transportation has worked cooperatively with the Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR) on a two-year study to investigate the issues associated with transit privatization. The purpose of the study was to determine the general impacts of privatization, to identify critical considerations in the decision to privatize services or other functions, and to assist transit systems that have mede the decision to pursue privatization alternatives. The study resulted in two technical memoranda, a contracting handbook, and an executive summary, this overview summarizes the above. KW - Florida KW - Privatization KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386235 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00642678 JO - PASSENGER TRANS-ACTIONS PB - Michigan Department of Transportation AU - Michigan Department of Transportation TI - MOBILITY TRAINING PY - 1993/12 SP - p. 3 AB - Grand Rapids Area Transit Authority (GRATA), Hope Network, and Grand Rapids Public Schools (GRPS) Community Education have started a Mobility Training program that assists persons with disabilities in learning to use GRATA's line haul service. The targeted program participants are users of heavily subsidized door-to-door services. The program evolved following a successful project in which GRATA, Hope Network, and GRPS worked together to train a number of disabled workers at DECC Company how to ride the bus, and to make a change in the bus route, bringing the bus closer to the facility. The training model used in the program involves 11 hours of classroom time followed by individualized "on the street" experience customized to the individual's particular need and disability. Classroom curriculum was developed by using proven materials from projects in other parts of the country and adapting them to the program's target population and GRATA's route system. Subjects covered include reading schedules, identifying the proper bus, using transfers, dealing with emergency situations, and how to relate to the driver and other passengers. The "on-the-street" training lasts until the individual demonstrates the ability needed to use the system independently. The program has met with significant success in its short existence, and is currently exceeding expectations and program goals. KW - Disabled people KW - Line haul KW - Line haul transport KW - Michigan KW - Mobility KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups KW - Training programs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/385263 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00642679 JO - PASSENGER TRANS-ACTIONS PB - Michigan Department of Transportation AU - Michigan Department of Transportation TI - SECOND YEAR ADA DEMONSTRATION PROJECT PY - 1993/12 SP - p. 5 AB - Michigan Department of Transportation UPTRAN announces two projects that will be participating in the 2nd year Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Demonstration Project. Isaacs and Associates will be providing technical assistance to Indian Trails for complying with the upcoming ADA requirements for over-the-road buses. In addition, training for drivers, specifically tailored for intercity carriers, will be done as part of this grant. Through this project, Michigan will be one of the first in the nation to undertake a proactive role in ADA compliance on the intercity side. The second ADA project funds a Canadian-based computer system that will be used in a brokerage system between Ann Arbor Transit Authority, Child and Family Services and local cab companies. The computer system has not been used in Michigan or elsewhere in the United States. It is currently being tested in a Texas city. For additional information, please contact Rose Ann Ward, UPTRAN, P.O. Box 30050, Lansing, MI 48909, 517-335-2598. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Brokerage KW - Compliance KW - Computer systems KW - Computers KW - Demonstration projects KW - Driver training KW - Intercity bus lines KW - Michigan KW - Taxi services KW - Technical assistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/385264 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00642677 JO - PASSENGER TRANS-ACTIONS PB - Michigan Department of Transportation AU - Michigan Department of Transportation TI - SURPLUS BUS PARTS PY - 1993/12 SP - p. 3 AB - "Transit Exchange" based in Kent, Washington, has created a "national clearing house" service that assists transit agencies with both the sale or procurement of excess/obsolete vehicle parts. Transit Exchange claims that this service creates a win-win situation for both the selling agency and the purchasing agency. The selling agency receives a higher percentage on initial investment and the buying agency obtains needed parts at a reduced price. For more information regarding this service, contact Transit Exchange, 1510 S. Central Avenue, Suite D, Kent, Washington 98032, telephone 206-859-3049. KW - Buses KW - Marketing KW - Procurement KW - Producers surplus KW - Surplus KW - Transit operators KW - Vehicle components UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/385262 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00748936 AU - Community Transportation Association TI - COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION SALARY AND BENEFIT SURVEY PY - 1993/11 SP - 26 p. AB - This report contains information gathered through questionnaires that were mailed to 4,200 community transit agencies, consisting of rural, specialized and small urban transit providers; almost 600 questionnaires were returned. Agencies were asked to provide hourly and/or annual salary information and the number of employees for 22 pre-determined positions. This survey provides data for the 13 most common positions as determined by the number of responses. Survey respondents also provided information on their organizational structure, overall agency and transit operating budgets, fleet size, nature of ridership, scope of operations and service area population. The data was used to classify salary levels by position. KW - Economics KW - Employee compensation KW - Employment KW - Operating costs KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Survey methods KW - Surveys UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/483919 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644073 AU - Charlotte Uptown Development Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A BUSINESS COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM: LESSONS FROM CHARLOTTE NORTH CAROLINA PY - 1993/11 SP - 18 p. AB - This brief report summarizes the activities, findings, conclusions and recommendations from a 27-month project (1989-92) involving federal funds and the private non-profit business development group in uptown Charlotte. Funds were used to support the Charlotte Uptown Development Corporation's Transportation Management Organization (TMO), and the Uptown Transportation Council (UTC). The project's goal was to increase employer awareness and participation in transportation management activities. The method for producing increased employer and employee involvement and awareness included 1) routine meetings and communication through a group of newly formed and carefully selected Employer Transportation Coordinators (ETC), 2) regularly scheduled education and training sessions for the ETCs, and 3) the development and use of special materials, training packages and program support information. The first part of the report describes general program experience, empoloyer feedback, employer/employee response to the work of the UTC through the ETCs, and a summary of lessons learned. The second part of the report focuses on the most significant project results, that is, the "measurables and deliverables". It discusses the ease of working with the business community, the changes in the uptown transportation environment, and impact on other program issues and policy matters. Some of the lessons learned were: a business community's approach to problem solving could be successfully applied to transportation management; and employer-based working relationships formed through the ETCs have been very productive in uptown Charlotte. With most of the uptown employment represented through existing ETCs, there may not be need to add additional employer representatives to the program. The UTC and CUDC intend to continue work with the ETC program. KW - Atmosphere KW - Businesses KW - Commercial sector KW - Employee participation KW - Employers KW - Federal aid KW - Private enterprise KW - Trade KW - Training programs KW - Transportation management associations KW - Urban areas KW - Urban atmospheres UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386330 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643962 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GUIDANCE MANUAL FOR IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE EMPLOYER-BASED TRAVEL DEMAND PROGRAMS PY - 1993/11 SP - 123 p. AB - Worksite travel demand management (TDM) has become increasingly accepted as a tool to reduce peak period traffic congestion and air pollution. Many businesses are embracing TDM programs and many states and local areas are encouraging or requiring employers to implement TDM programs at their worksites. Much has been written to guide employers in implementing and marketing TDM programs, but little guidance has been offered on TDM program planning and TDM strategy selection. This manual is targeted to employers charged with accomplishing trip reductions through TDM programs. The primary purpose is to guide employers in selecting TDM strategies. The manual suggests a process for TDM development and implementation and offers guidance on the selection of effective TDM strategies to produce a needed level of trip reduction. The guidance offered will help develop a more effective TDM program in less time and with less frustration. Basically the manual provides an overview of the "big picture" of TDM planning and offers a special procedure that actually allows the user to design and evaluate a TDM program. The procedure determines the user's particular context and need, in terms of setting and trip reduction requirements, then leads the user through the use of some simple charts and look-up tables that identify the composition of those TDM measures that would provide the necessary trip reduction. By choosing the right level of effort, the user will reap the benefits of a successful TDM program with a minimum of time and money expended. The appendices, in this report, provide additional information for moving beyond the basics. This manual is intended to help employers, developers, property owners and managers, transportation management associations (TMAs), and others (planning, implementing, or evaluating employer-based TDM programs) to create effective programs that reduce commute trips. KW - Commuter service KW - Employer sponsored transportation KW - Manuals KW - Travel demand management UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/8383.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386242 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642610 AU - Schwenk, J C AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CASE STUDY OF THE DENVER REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION DISTRICT ECO PASS PROGRAM PY - 1993/11 SP - 766 p. AB - This report documents the Denver Regional Transportation District (RTD) Eco Pass Program and evaluates its impacts. The Eco Pass is an annual, unlimited-use photo identification pass covering transportation on all RTD transit routes. Employers in the Denver region may purchase passes as a tax-free benefit, and may deduct the cost as business expense. The program uses a group insurance concept for pricing and enrollment. A typical transit commuter may save up to $900 in monthly passes or $1,200 in cash fares annually with the Eco Pass. Eco Pass users are assured a ride home in an emergency through a guaranteed ride home program. The main goal of the Eco Pass Program is to increase transit ridership. Rts has been enrolling a growing number of employers in Eco Pass since its inception in 1991. Although it is clear that employers and employees who have obtained Eco Pass are very positive about the program, the evaluation could draw few firm conclusions about its effectiveness, because an evaluation mechanism was not implemented simultaneously with the program. Eco Pass appears to have influenced some people to shift to transit commuting, leaving their cars at home, but more information is needed to quantify the impacts and to determine which factors are critical in producing positive impacts. The report recommends that RDT establish appropriate data collection mechanisms to permit a thorough and quantitative evaluation of this innovative program. KW - Data collection KW - Denver (Colorado) KW - Effectiveness KW - Employer sponsored transportation KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Passes KW - Regional transportation KW - Subsidies KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381508 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664669 AU - Cervero, R AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RIDERSHIP IMPACTS OF TRANSIT-FOCUSED DEVELOPMENT IN CALIFORNIA PY - 1993/11 SP - 150 p. AB - This report examines evidence on the degree to which existing large-scale developments near rail stations in California have encouraged transit usage. Ridership patterns are studied for housing, office-workplace, and retail developments. In addition to quantifying the ridership impacts of transit-focused developments, the study also seeks to explain those factors which appear to most directly account for travel choices of people living, working, and shopping near rail stations. KW - Business districts KW - Development KW - Proximity KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit stations KW - Residential areas KW - Residential development KW - Ridership KW - Transit oriented development KW - Travel by mode KW - Travel modes KW - Travel patterns UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/176.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405384 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647987 AU - PARKER, J AU - Parker and Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - HOW TO EVALUATE OPPORTUNITIES FOR CROSS-BORDER LEASING AND CERTIFICATES OF PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PY - 1993/11 SP - 157 p. AB - Reducing project costs and better matching revenues and outlays are two good reasons for considering cross-border leasing and Certificates of Participation (COPs). This guidebook is part of the FTA innovative financing evaluation effort and is designed to help transit agencies, state governments, and federal policymakers assess when and how to apply cross-border leasing and COPs. The report begins with an overview of recent transit industry experiences with cross-border leases and FTA-approved COPs financing. It explains how these financing mechanisms work and discusses some general issues in evaluating them. Tables of transit industry COPs and cross-border lease transactions to date are presented and analyzed. Cross-border leasing procurement, risk and defeacance issues are reviewed in-depth and suggestions are offered for accurately measuring net benefits and costs. Potential benefits of COPs from increased flexibility in programming capital investments are reviewed through case studies involving both large and small transit systems. Ideas for expanding the use of Section 9 supported COPs through transfer of Federal highway grants are presented, and an example demonstrating the fiscal benefits of tapping Federal highway grants for transit investments is provided. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Capital investments KW - Certificates of participation KW - Economics KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Guides KW - Guides to information KW - Leasing KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387379 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00647097 JO - Publication of: American Public Transit Association PB - American Public Transportation Association AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - TRANSIT FACT BOOK 1993 PY - 1993/11 SP - 128 p. AB - The American Public Transit Association (APTA) and its predecessor has published the Transit Fact Book since 1942. APTA obtains data from member transit systems in the United States and uses these figures to estimate trends for all United States transit systems. The book also contains data for Canadian transit systems provided by the Canadian Urban Transit Association (CUTA). This book includes aggregate information for all transit systems in the United States. Transit includes all multiple-occupancy-vehicle passenger services of local and regional nature provided for general public use such as: public bus, rail, and water services; private bus, rail, and water services; AMTRAK and Greyhound service under contract to a transit system; vanpools operated by or under contract to a transit system; and, non-profit agency transportation for the aged, disabled, disadvantaged. KW - Annual reports KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Local service KW - Local transportation KW - Passenger service KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Private transportation KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390221 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647068 AU - Florida Center for Community Design and Research AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - IMPACT OF COMMUNITY DESIGN ON TRANSPORTATION. A STATE TRANSPORTATION POLICY INITIATIVE PY - 1993/11 SP - 257 p. AB - This report is one of a series of publications resulting from Phase I of the State Transportation Policy Initiative, a multi-phase study to reevaluate the way transportation infrastructure and services are planned and developed at the state and local levels in Florida and to formulate options for implementing the requirements of the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act. This document summarizes a nine month project that explored the relationship between community form, function and character, and transportation systems. Two case studies were developed for each of the following eight development types: Pre-20th Century Urban Centers; Pre-World War II Suburbs; New Towns; Planned Unit Developments; Mixed Use Activity Centers; Neo-Traditional Town Planning; Urban Service Areas/Urban Growth Areas; and Sprawl. In each type, one case study was located within Florida and the second one outside the State but within the continental U.S. (total of 18 cases). Each case study is a 10-page presentation. Physical and dimensional characteristics of each case are described, followed with a longer description of the relationship between the community form, organization and function, and transportation systems. The concluding section discusses the similarities and differences among all cases and summarizes the project findings. Although the cases do not represent every developmental pattern within the U.S., they do cover the majority of conditions under which most Americans dwell, and the major methods whereby development occurred. KW - City planning KW - Communities KW - Infrastructure KW - Land use KW - Land use effects KW - Transportation policy KW - Urban development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387023 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644043 AU - Department of Transportation TI - UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS PROJECT ABSTRACTS FOR FISCAL YEAR 1993 PY - 1993/11 SP - 118 p. AB - This Abstracts report presents the projects that were sponsored under the FY 1993 University Transportation Centers Program. The report includes project descriptions of the research in progress as well as listing of published Program research reports. The program is fully funded jointly by the Federal Transit Administration and the Federal Highway Administration, and managed by the Research and Special Programs Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Abstracts KW - Education KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Research programs KW - Research projects KW - Technology transfer KW - University Transportation Centers Program UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386309 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643964 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PLANNING AND RESEARCH REPORTS: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY PY - 1993/11 SP - 53 p. AB - This annotated bibliography presents the most current and available project reports, as of November 1993, sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. The bibliography is a reference tool designed to provide easy and rapid access to FTA sponsored project reports. The intent is to keep the transit industry and the general public well-informed of the FTA's planning and research activities. Each report referenced in this document consists of a bibliographic entry accompanied by a report availability statement and a summary description of the project report. The index includes keywords that have been extracted from the full-text reports as well as from the summary descriptions cited in this bibliography. The final section contains a report order form and an evaluation form as well as a request for future editions of the FTA Annotated Bibliography. KW - Bibliographies KW - Project analysis KW - Project management KW - Public transit KW - Research projects KW - Transit services KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/93ftabib.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56587/transitplanning5932mari_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386243 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643965 AU - Lyons, W AU - Brodeski, R AU - Goodman, C AU - Salvucci, F AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REVIEW OF THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS IN THE MINNEAPOLIS-ST.PAUL METROPOLITANS AREA PY - 1993/11 SP - 64 p. AB - This report is the sixth in a series produced for the FTA and the FHWA by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (VNTSC), Research and Special Programs Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. It presents a formal, comprehensive review of the planning process in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Twin Cities metropolitan area that was conducted by the FHWA and FTA Headquarters and regional staffs (Appendix 1), with input from state, regional, and local transportation entities. The purpose of the review is to allow the FHWA and FTA to determine how successfully the Urban Transportation Planning Process (UTPP) addresses broadly defined regional transportation needs, and whether the planning process meets the criteria established by the Federal planning requirements. Another purpose of the review is to assess the ability of the existing planning process to address the broader responsibilities described under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and the reauthorization of the surface transportation legislation, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). KW - Clean Air Act KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal planning requirements KW - Federal programs KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Public participation KW - Regional transportation KW - State action KW - State government KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/4000/4200/4298/43.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386244 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640058 AU - KIM, M AU - City University of New York AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - METRANET - PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES IN THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA - PHASE III-B. VOLUME II: INVENTORY OF PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION PROVIDERS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/10 SP - 200 p. AB - METRANET stands for "Metropolitan Transportation Network", a project to encourage public/private dialogue on matters of interest and concern to the transportation community in the Greater New York Metropolitan area. This report contains a summary of the private transportation provider inventory, compiled and maintained under the auspices of the project. This inventory is comprehensive for the New York City/Long Island/Westchester, Putnam, Rockland/Northern New Jersey region. KW - Fta section 8 KW - Inventory KW - New York Metropolitan Area KW - Private enterprise KW - Public private partnerships UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380885 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640057 AU - KIM, M AU - City University of New York AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - METRANET - PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES IN THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA - PHASE III-B. VOLUME I: FORUM AND WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS PY - 1993/10 SP - 300 p. AB - METRANET stands for "Metropolitan Transportation Network", and is the informal title for a project to encourage public/private dialogue on matters of interest and concern to the transportation community. This report contains transcriptions from public policy forums and an education and training oriented workshop (funded under METRANET) geared toward critical and pertinent transportation issues in the Greater New York metropolitan area. A keyword index follows the transcriptions. KW - Conferences KW - Fta section 8 KW - New York Metropolitan Area KW - Private enterprise KW - Proceedings KW - Public policy KW - Public private partnerships KW - Training programs KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380884 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00743921 AU - Nihan, N L AU - Ren, J AU - Xu, Hongli AU - TransNow, Transportation Northwest TI - AN EVALUATION OF A RECURSIVE MICROSCOPIC MODEL FOR FORECASTING INTERNAL TRANSIT TRIPS PY - 1993/10 SP - 123 p. AB - The development of an empirical model, "Time Series Recursive Microscopic Origin-Destination (O-D) Matrix Estimation", to estimate transit passenger trips that begin and end within a specific geographic area was one focus of this research. This model was then applied to single, complex and zonal transit patterns in the Seattle Ride-Free Area (RFA) to evaluate the accuracy, applicability and limitations of the model. Given the automatic passenger counter (APC) information within the RFA, the time-series of total passenger on/off counts at individual stops or zones were extracted as data inputs to the model. The model was calibrated to track the time-varying O-D proportion matrices and to dynamically estimate the O-D transit trip matrices. The model estimates of internal transit trips were independently compared with the surveyed and minimum/maximum ridership ranges on the same route pattern during the same time period. The model was found to have advantages over the on-board ridership survey estimation in the internal single route pattern. With the periodic APC data available, transit systems can use this empirical model to approximately forecast internal trips by stop sequence patterns. KW - Automated passenger counters KW - Central business districts KW - Empirical equations KW - Equations KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Origin and destination KW - Passenger counting KW - Ride-free area KW - Ridership KW - Time series analysis KW - Transit riders KW - Trip distribution KW - Trip distribution models UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/471905 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00682887 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - University of Texas, Austin AU - Southwest Region University Transportation Center TI - EVALUATION OF AUTOMATIC VEHICLE LOCATION SYSTEMS IN PUBLIC TRANSIT PY - 1993/10 SP - 57 p. AB - This report examines the use of AVL systems by transit agencies throughout the country and analyzes the various benefits that may be realized from the application of AVL systems. The implementation and current use of AVL systems by transit agencies in Texas is highlighted in the report, including the development of the AVL system by the VIA Metropolitan Transit Authority in San Antonio, which was one of the first transit properties in the country to utilize an AVL system. The report further examines the benefits provided by the use of AVL technologies, including the potential for energy savings and reductions in fuel consumption. The report also identifies possible demonstration projects and other innovative applications of AVL systems with different types of transit services in the state and additional uses of the information generated from existing AVL systems. KW - Automatic vehicle location KW - Energy conservation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology assessment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/423115 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643946 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa TI - A MANUAL FOR THE PREPARATION OF TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PLANS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/10 SP - 78 p. AB - The purpose of this manual is to guide transit agencies in the preparation of the transit development plan (TDP) mandated by the State of Florida. The manual is viewed as a guide and resource for TDP preparation, building upon the Florida Department of Transportation's initial guidelines with greater detail on procedures, organizations, and data sources. In the course of developing this manual, all 1992 transit development plans were reviewed, and 1993 updates and new plans were included as they arrived.The manual has tried to anticipate and answer questions concerning why a TDP is important, not just how one should be developed. KW - Administration KW - Data collection KW - Data sources KW - Development KW - Florida KW - Manuals KW - Procedures KW - Public transit KW - Transit development plan KW - Transit operating agencies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386233 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00641765 AU - Association for Commuter Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE TMA SUMMIT. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS. FIRST NATIONAL MEETING OF TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONS PY - 1993/10 SP - 90p AB - The purpose of the first Transportation Management Association (TMA) Summit was to discuss key strategic and policy issues nececssaary for the creation of effective public-private partnerships. The participants included private sector Board members and their executive staffs, in addition to federal and state transportation officials. The agenda covered board strategic issues, such as the role of TMAs in the implementation of new federal policy initiatives. Technical tracks were geared to developing critical skill areas necessary to successful management of the nonprofit association; operation of services; and policy issues. Workshops were offered in starting new TMAs and leadership development. U1 - The TMA SummitFederal Highway Administration TMA Council, Association for Commuter Transportation U.S. Department of Energy Federal Transit AdminstrationWilliamsburg, VA StartDate:19921104 EndDate:19921106 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration TMA Council, Association for Commuter Transportation U.S. Department of Energy Federal Transit Adminstration KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Employer sponsored transportation KW - Employer trip reduction program KW - Finance KW - Financial planning KW - Mobility KW - Public private partnerships KW - Strategic planning KW - Tma business venture KW - Traffic restraint KW - Transportation Management Association Summit (1st : 1992 : Williamsburg, Virginia) KW - Transportation management associations KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/384733 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670259 AU - ERM-West, Incorporated AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - APPENDICES TO HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATORY COMPLIANCE GUIDE. VOLUME II OF II. FOR USE BY OPERATORS OF MOTOR BUS AND DEMAND-RESPONSIVE FLEETS. ALSO APPLIES TO: PRIVATE CARRIERS AND SCHOOL BUS OPERATIONS PY - 1993/09/01 SP - 313 p. AB - These Appendices are a supplement to the Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Guide. The Appendices provide transit operators with additional information and more in-depth discussions of the materials found in the Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Guide. A separate report entitled A Comprehensive Assessment of Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Requirements Facing Public Transportation Operations in California, provides transit operators with an overview of approaches and services available for hazardous materials management. Another document, Four Model Plans with Guidance on Preparation has been designed to help transit operators prepare plans required for hazardous materials regulatory compliance. All four documents are designed to be used together to help transit operators comply effectively with the full range of regulatory requirements specifically applicable to their operations. KW - Hazardous materials KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Public transit KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411066 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670260 AU - ERM-West, Incorporated AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATORY COMPLIANCE GUIDE FOR PUBLIC TRANSIT OPERATIONS. VOLUME I OF II. FOR USE BY OPERATORS OF MOTOR BUS AND DEMAND-RESPONSIVE FLEETS. ALSO APPLIES TO: PRIVATE CARRIERS AND SCHOOL BUS OPERATIONS PY - 1993/09/01 SP - 256 p. AB - This Guide provides California transit operators with a method to determine what requirements may apply to their specific operations. The Guide uses checklists, focused questions, and informational narratives to take the user through the maze of regulations. For the regulation concern, the Guide describes the basic compliance activities that must be undertaken: reports, plans, permits, training, storage, handling, or disposal. Each transit operator can compare its present activities with those required to achieve compliance and to identify additional steps needed to correct deficiencies. The hazard communication, and worker right-to-know, hazardous wastes, transport of hazardous materials, use of above-ground and below ground tanks, discharges to surface to surface waters, release reporting, and environmental training. A separate Appendix contains more in-depth discussions of these topics. This Guide is accompanied by a separate report entitled 'A Comprehensive Assessment of Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Requirements Facing Public Transportation Operations in California', which provides transit operators with an overview of approaches and services available for hazardous materials management, and Four Model Plans for hazardous materials regulatory compliance. These reports are designed to be used together to help transit operators comply effectively with the full range of hazardous materials regulatory requirements specifically applicable to their operations. KW - Hazardous materials KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Public transit KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411067 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670261 AU - ERM-West, Incorporated AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATORY COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS FACING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS IN CALIFORNIA. FOR USE BY OPERATORS OF MOTOR BUS AND DEMAND RESPONSIVE FLEETS. ALSO APPLIES TO: PRIVATE CARRIERS AND SCHOOL BUS OPERATIONS PY - 1993/09/01 SP - 240 p. AB - Transit operators are required to comply with applicable environmental regulations associated with the management, handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials and hazardous wastes. The direct applicability of each regulation depends on the activities the transit operator undertakes at its own facilities, and the activities it contracts out to third parties. This study characterizes hazardous materials environmental compliance issues facing transit operations, using both the results of a small sample of nine transit operations and of broader research on techniques and services available to meet the hazardous materials management needs of California transit operators. This report is accompanied by a separate Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Guide which contains checklists and similar techniques. In addition to the Guide, Four Model Plans with Guidance on Preparation have been designed to help transit operators prepare plans for hazardous materials regulatory compliance required by the state of California. All three documents are designed to be used together to help transit operators comply effectively with the full range of regulatory requirements specifically applicable to their operations. KW - Compliance KW - Hazardous materials KW - Hazardous wastes KW - Public transit KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411068 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00670405 AU - ERM-West, Incorporated AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CALIFORNIA HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATORY COMPLIANCE FOR PUBLIC TRANSIT OPERATIONS: FOUR MODEL PLANS WITH GUIDANCE ON PREPARATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/09/01 SP - 174 p. AB - This report contains four model plans which provide California transit operators with specific guidance for satisfying the requirements of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), Hazardous Materials Business Plan, Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan, and an Underground Storage Tank Management Program. This report is a supplement to the "Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Guide" and "A Comprehensive Assessment of Hazardous Materials Regulatory Compliance Requirements Facing Public Transportation Operations in California". All three documents are designed to be used together to help transit operators comply effectively with the full range of hazardous materials regulatory requirements specifically applicable to their operation. KW - California KW - Compliance KW - Contingency planning KW - Hazardous materials KW - Hazardous materials business plan KW - Pollution control KW - Prevention KW - Public transit KW - Spill prevention plan KW - Spills (Pollution) KW - Storm water pollution prevention plan KW - Storms KW - Strategic planning KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Underground storage tank management program KW - Water quality management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411151 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639957 AU - Rossi, T F AU - Lawton, T K AU - KIM, K H AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - REVISION OF TRAVEL DEMAND MODELS TO ENABLE ANALYSIS OF A TYPICAL LAND USE PATTERN PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 757-776 AB - Among the problems associated with the traditional four-step transportation demand modeling process is the inability of the models to evaluate innovative changes in the factors affecting travel behavior. These factors may include travel demand management methods, atypical demographic changes, and alternative urban design and land use options. For the most part, existing models are capable of using only variables easily measured and typically associated with travel behavior such as travel time, cost, and socioeconomic measures. Since the models are estimated from travel survey data, they are designed to analyze travel demand within the range of behavior reported in the survey. In Portland, Oregon, alternative land use patterns for future suburban growth, travel demand management measures, and public transportation improvements are being considered as a way to slow growth in automobile travel. The land use options are different from typical suburban development patterns, and the existing travel demand models for Portland, developed by the Metropolitan Service District (Metro), were not designed to analyze the travel demand effects of such developments. As part of the project "Making the Land Use, Transportation, and Air Quality Connection" (LUTRAQ) for 1000 Friends of Oregon, an environmental advocacy organization, Cambridge Systematics and Metro revised the travel models to include variables representing characteristics of developments that are different from typical suburban land use. The variables tested include measures of residential and employment density and heterogeneity and of the quality of the pedestrian environment. Models revised included mode choice (including walk/bike, auto, and transit modes) and auto ownership. The original models had been calibrated to replicate the survey data across a range of different variables including location, trip length, and various household characteristics. The additional variables used in the revised models improved the ability to replicate the survey data, not only across ranges of these variables but also across ranges of employment density and pedestrian environment quality in the Portland area. The revised models were used to analyze the effects of the "LUTRAQ Alternative" in suburban Washington County, consisting of alternative land use patterns such as "transit oriented developments" (TODs), improved transit service, and travel demand management actions designed to discourage commuting by single occupant automobiles. The LUTRAQ alternative was compared to other scenarios, including a "no action" alternative. The results from the model runs demonstrated that the LUTRAQ alternative was successful in reducing automobile travel and increasing walking, bicycling, and transit use compared to the other alternatives. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Automobile ownership KW - Bicycle travel KW - Conferences KW - Development KW - Employment KW - Employment density KW - Improvements KW - Land use KW - Level of service KW - Mathematical models KW - Mode choice KW - Pedestrian environment KW - Portland (Oregon) KW - Public transit KW - Residential areas KW - Residential development KW - Ridership KW - Transit oriented development KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel demand KW - Walking UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383912 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00672230 AU - THATCHER, R H AU - EG&G Dynatrend AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA) PARATRANSIT ELIGIBILITY MANUAL PY - 1993/09 SP - 335 p. AB - The manual provides guidance to transit providers in the development and implementation of ADA paratransit eligibility determination processes. Common questions raised about eligibility are addressed. Experience gained in the first one and a half years of implementation of the ADA complementary paratransit provisions is also summarized. As part of the preparation of the manual, public entities that had particular expertise and experience with eligibility determination were contacted and copies of the forms and procedures which they had developed were collected. Key issues raised by these transit providers are included in the text and copies of sample forms and policies are provided in the appendices. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Eligibility KW - Manuals KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/ada.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/manual.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56323/americanswithdi9317eggd_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6800/6846/ada.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/411401 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644025 AU - Anas, A AU - Armstrong, R AU - Regional Plan Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - LAND VALUE AND TRANSIT ACCESS: MODELING THE RELATIONSHIP IN THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1993/09 SP - 136 p. AB - This report presents the findings of a multiyear study on the relationship between land values and transit access, undertaken in the New York Metropolitan area, as the necessary precursor to policy recommendations on value capture financing for public transit. Initiated as an element of the Third Regional Plan for the New York/New Jersey/Connecticut Region, the results serve as a research prototype for transit systems throughout the United States. Two economic models are presented - NYREG and NYSTA - which predict shifts in land values within the Region and at a parcel scale in relation to transit stations. KW - Accessibility KW - Areas KW - Development KW - Economic models KW - Land values KW - New York Metropolitan Area KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit stations KW - Residential areas KW - Station area development KW - Value capture UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386295 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644020 AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CONDUCTING PRE-AWARD AND POST-DELIVERY BUS AUDIT REVIEWS PY - 1993/09 SP - 78 p. AB - This report discusses the Federal regulations pertaining to the procurement of transit buses by recipients of Federal funds, namely, the 'Pre-Award and Post-Delivery Audits of Rolling Stock Purchases, Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations'. The manal provides guidance to recipients of Federal funds to help them comply with two parts of the rule: 1) the pre-award requirements before entering into a contract with the manufacturer for the procurement of buses, and 2) the post-delivery review requirements before the title of the vehicles is transferred to the recipient. For additional information of bus audit reviews, contact Mr. George Izumi, Federal Grants Management Office, Washington, DC 20590, 202-366-6475. KW - Auditing KW - Contracts KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Government funding KW - Government regulations KW - Industries KW - Procurement KW - Regulations KW - Transit buses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386291 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643929 AU - Bing, A J AU - Parker, J D AU - Pristach, G S AU - Behara, C AU - Gabriel, D AU - Little (Arthur D), Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade and Douglas, Incorporated TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: COMPARISON OF U.S. AND FOREIGN SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLICATION TO U.S. MAGLEV SYSTEMS PY - 1993/09 SP - 400 p. AB - This report presents the results of a systematic review of the safety requirements selected for the German Transrapid electromagnetic (EMS) type maglev system to determine their applicability and completeness with respect to the construction and operation of maglev systems in the United States. The German safety requirements for high-speed maglev systems are documented in the 'High-Speed Maglev Trains Safety Requirements' (RW MSB), 'Railroad Construction and Traffic Regulations' (EOB) and the draft 'Maglev Construction and Operation Regulation ' (draft MBO). A major focus of this report is the evaluation of German Standards Institute Standards (DINs) cited in the RW MSB. A review of the RW MSB, the EBO, and the draft MBO safety requirements, as they relate to seven major maglev system functional areas has been performed. These requirements have been compared and assessed to identify similarities to and differences from equivalent U.S. and international transportation-related regulations, standards, specifications, and/or guidelines, and certain general industrial requirements. Unique aspects of the U.S. operating environment have also been considered. Findings are presented regarding proposed safety requirements for the construction and opearation of high-speed maglev systems in the United States. These findings are intended to assist FRA in establishing safety requirements for U.S. maglev systems. KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Passenger service KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - System safety KW - U.S. Federal Railroad Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386221 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643926 AU - University of Kansas, Lawrence AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - WHEELCHAIR LIFT MAINTENANCE: A HANDBOOK FOR RURAL TRANSIT PROVIDERS WITH A WIDEOTAPE PY - 1993/09 SP - 70 p. AB - This is a training package of wheelchair lift maintenance procedures designed to assist rural and specialized transit operators in providing a lift service that is safe for the passenger. It consists of a handbook and a lift maintenance videotape for rural operations titled 'Lifting to Safety and Reliability'. The purpose of the handbook is to provide guidelines for general maintenance procedures for accessibility equipment such as lifts, ramps, and wheelchair securement devices. The handbook focuses primarily on preventive maintenance for the more common active wheelchair lift designs, namely - the upright stanchion lift and the perpendicular arm lift. Separate sections in this handbook illustrate and provide recommendations regarding the basic generic lift components, preventive maintenance, testing and troubleshooting for wheelchair lift problems, general maintenance guidelines for additional accessibility equipment, and review questions. The companion videotape reinforces and illustrates some of the handbook's recommended procedures, Although the maintenance procedures in this manual are intended for universal application, they do not rule out close adherence to the recommendations and suggestions provided in the manufacturer's manual. Specific concerns or questions about wheelchair lifts are to be directed to the dealer or manufacturer. Appendix 2 of this book provides a resource guide identifying some of the lift and securement manufacturers in the United States. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Equipment KW - Fta section 6 KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance standards KW - Preventive maintenance KW - Procedures KW - Public transit KW - Ramps KW - Rural transit KW - Securement KW - Securing and joining equipment KW - Special service KW - Standards KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Transportation equipment industry KW - Vans KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386219 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641745 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES: INVENTORY OF MEASURES AND SYNTHESIS OF EXPERIENCE PY - 1993/09 SP - v.p. AB - Travel Demand Management (TDM) describes a wide range of actions that are geared toward improving the efficiency of travel demand. There is much controversy and speculation as to the strength, role, and validity of TDM solutions. This uncertainty has probably led to misunderstandings of the role and potential of TDM, and therefore, a lower yield from TDM approaches than appears to be possible. This report is the main product of a study that was sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration to try to set the facts straight and provide the most comprehensive, accurate, and useable guidance on TDM. The report provides a set of materials, statistics, guides and tools that should be of significant value in not only increasing the basic understanding of what TDM is, but on how to design and evaluate programs which will deliver the optimal that these strategies can offer. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Evaluation KW - Management KW - Management systems KW - Program evaluation KW - Travel demand KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382138 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00715241 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - SELECTED READINGS ON REVERSE COMMUTING PY - 1993/09 SP - v.p. AB - The following papers are included in this selection: How Business is Reshaping America; Fighting Poverty in Cities: Transportation Programs as Bridges to Opportunity; The New Metropolitan Reality: Where the Rubber Meets the Road in Antipoverty Policy; Innercity Minority Transit Needs in Accessing Suburban Employment Centers; Reverse Commute Transportation: Emerging Provider Roles; A Study on Reverse Commuters in the Chicago Metropolitan Area; and, SEPTA's 200 Series Routes. KW - Guides to the literature KW - Literature reviews KW - Reverse commuting KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/450507 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00676914 AU - Walther, E S AU - Walther Consultancy TI - MANAGING BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS: GUIDELINES FOR TRANSIT MANAGERS PY - 1993/09 SP - 84 p. AB - The purpose of the report is to review the particulars of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Regulation (CFR 1910.1030) in the context of public transit services, in particular rural and small urban systems. The discussion attempts to take the requirements of the OSHA regulation and place them into the rural and small urban context. Particular attention is devoted to the managerial changes that must be undertaken in order to comply with the regulation. Additionally, the discussion provides information useful for employee education and the development of programs to protect both passengers and employees, particularly drivers, from the risks associated with bloodborne pathogen biohazards. KW - AIDS (Disease) KW - Blood analysis KW - Blood tests KW - Diseases and medical conditions KW - Health hazards KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Microorganisms KW - Osha standards KW - Passenger safety KW - Passengers KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Standards KW - Transportation safety KW - U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/421459 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00669166 AU - University of Kansas, Lawrence AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - WHEELCHAIR LIFT MAINTENANCE: A HANDBOOK FOR RURAL TRANSIT PROVIDERS. (TRAINING PACKAGE AND VIDEO) PY - 1993/09 AB - This is a training package of wheelchair lift maintenance procedures designed to assist rural and specialized transit operators in providing a lift service that is safe for the passenger. It consists of a handbook and a lift maintenance videotape for rural operations titled 'Lifting to Safety and Reliability'. The purpose of the handbook is to provide guidelines for general maintenance procedures for accessibility equipment such as lifts, ramps, and wheelchair securement devices. The handbook focuses primarily on preventive maintenance for the more common active wheelchair lift designs, namely - the upright stanchion lift and the perpendicular arm lift. Separate sections in this handbook illustrate and provide recommendations regarding the basic generic lift components, preventive maintenance, testing and troubleshooting for wheelchair lift problems, general maintenance guidelines for additional accessibility equipment, and review questions. The companion videotape reinforces and illustrates some of the handbook's recommended procedures. Appendix 2 of the handbook provides a resource guide identifying some of the lift and securement manufacturers in the United States. KW - Accessibility KW - Disabled people KW - Guidelines KW - Maintenance practices KW - Passenger safety KW - Passengers KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Securement KW - Securing and joining equipment KW - Special user groups KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Transportation safety KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/412647 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00647997 JO - PPTN NETWORK NEWS PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SMARTER TRANSIT SYSTEMS CAN LEAD TO SMARTER RIDERS PY - 1993/09 SP - 6 p. AB - Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) is a coordinated set of information and communications technologies designed to help passenger and freight traffic move more smoothly and safely along highways and transitways. The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) has established a role in the IVHS. Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) can improve the traditional transit ride and attract new riders. Leading the charge for FTA is Ron Fisher, Director of the Office of Research, Training and Rural Transportation. Mr. Fisher served earlier as Director of the Service, Methods and Demonstration Program. The SDM program introduced and tested many innovative transit concepts that are applied today, such as HOV lanes and specialized paratransit services. This article reports on an interview with Mr. Fisher where he discusses APTS and its potential for the transit industry. KW - Advanced driver information systems KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Smart cards KW - Smart traveler KW - Technological innovations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390634 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646993 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - RAPID TRANSIT (RAIL) FARE COLLECTION SURVEY PY - 1993/09 SP - 100 p. AB - This report documents the Rapid Rail Transit Fare Collection Survey conducted by the APTA Fare Collection Committee with the intent of sharing information that will benefit the industry. The survey report is a compendium of information on fare policy and fare collection systems that can be used to better understand the approaches various rail transit systems currently employ (or plan to employ) to specific fare collection issues. Of the 41 questionnaires mailed to rail transit systems in July 1992, 31 transit systems responded. The survey results are tabulated in Appendices B1 through B8 of this report and provide the following information for each system: Rail system characteristics, including route miles, number of stations, ridership and revenue; Fare collection system and fare media in use or planned; Equipment inventory; Reliability; Personnel activities; and, In-house vs contract services for revenue collection and equipment maintenance. This report includes survey information on the following responding rail systems: heavy/light rail combined (3); heavy rail systems (10); light rail (12); commuter rail (6); and automated fixed guideway systems (2). KW - Fare collection KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Light rail transit KW - Rail transit KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Rapid transit KW - Reports KW - Survey reports KW - Surveys UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386960 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641752 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FINAL REPORT ON THE NATIONAL MAGLEV INITIATIVE (NMI) PY - 1993/09 SP - 117 p. AB - High-speed magnetically levitated ground transportation (maglev) is a new surface mode of transportation in which vehicles glide above their guideways, suspended, guided, and propelled by magnetic forces. Capable of traveling at speeds of 250 to 300 miles-per-hour or higher, maglev would offer an attractive and convenient alternative for travelers between large urban areas for trips of up to 600 miles. It would also help relieve current and projected air and highway congestion by substituting for short-haul air trips, thus releasing capacity for more efficient long-haul service at crowded airports, and by diverting a portion of highway trips. This report presents the findings and recommendations of the NMI, a unique interagency cooperative effort of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) of the DOT, the USACE, and the DOE, with support from other agencies. The purpose of the report is to recommend future Government action regarding maglev. The recommendation is based on private sector and government information generated during the past 3 years concerning the viability of maglev as an intercity transportation alternative for the United States. The information includes the projected technical and financial performance of maglev in intercity markets in competition with other modes of travel, the anticipated external benefits such as reduction in pollution and congestion in other modes, and other national-level impacts. The report considers the potential of a new United States Maglev (USML) system compared with that of alternatives using existing maglev technology or high-speed rail (HSR). KW - Germany KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intercity transportation KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Rail transit KW - Technology KW - Technology assessment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381167 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639919 AU - Lyons, W M AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - THE FTA-FHWA MPO REVIEWS - PLANNING PRACTICE UNDER THE INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1991 AND THE CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS OF 1990 PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 29-44 AB - In rapid succession, the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 and the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) have drastically changed how Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) will conduct urban transportation planning. This presentation provides insights into how MPOs are responding to the challenges and opportunities of these landmark Acts. These insights were gained through a series of comprehensive reviews of the planning process in the largest metropolitan areas being conducted jointly by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), with the assistance of the U.S. Department of Transportation's Volpe Center. The reviews evaluate compliance by the MPOs and other transportation planning agencies in each area with FTA and FHWA regulations and policies. And as CAAA and ISTEA guidance has been finalized, the reviews have increasingly focused on responses to the two Acts -- both on innovations and general problems encountered. The reviews are the basis for statutory findings on behalf of the Secretary on necessary improvements to the planning process in each area. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Compliance KW - Conferences KW - Federal laws KW - Federal regulations KW - Government policies KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Policy KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/fta.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383875 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639920 AU - Hoffman, W G AU - Ding, D W AU - Mark, D AU - Johnson, K AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - LAND USE/TRANSPORTATION INTERPRETATION - GROWTH MANAGEMENT AND TRANSPORTATION PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 49-64 AB - King County, Washington is leading an innovative planning effort that links land use and transportation. In 1990, Washington passed a growth management act requiring fast growing counties and cities to develop comprehensive plans and meet growth management requirements. Transportation has been a focal point of the legislation and requirements. Comprehensive plans must contain: "A transportation element, land use based travel forecasts, levels-of-service for arterials and transit, deficiencies/needs, financing, concurrency, and demand management." The County, working in conjunction with cities, has developed a number of new tools for use in transportation planning, and growth management. This paper describes some of the tools which include: A Transportation Adequacy Measure for level-of-service; A concurrency management framework; A Mitigation Payment System for transportation impact fees; Transportation demand management strategies; Arterial High Occupancy Vehicle planning; Non-motorized transportation planning; and Linkages among land use and transportation planning. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Growth management KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Impact fees KW - Innovation KW - King County (Washington) KW - Land use planning KW - Level of service KW - Mitigation payment system KW - Nonmotorized transportation KW - Requirements KW - Specifications KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation adequacy measure KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management KW - Urban growth KW - Zoning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383876 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639934 AU - Reeder, P R AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - COMPARISON OF SYNTHETIC THRU TRIPS TO RECENT EXTERNAL O&D DATA PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 337-350 AB - Prior research on the use of synthetic thru trips has focused on thru trip movements for small areas (towns with population less than 50,000). Despite one researcher's findings that synthetic thru trip models tend to operate more effectively on facilities exhibiting high volume trips, the application of synthetic thru trip models has not been tested or implemented on larger urban areas. The Texas Department of Transportation has conducted a variety of small sample travel surveys for five urban areas since 1990. In each of the urban areas an external O&D survey was included as a component of the travel survey process. Additionally, it should be noted that each urban area sampled had previously been surveyed in the 1960s during the state's O&D program. Consequently, analysis of thru trip movements for two points-in-time over a twenty-plus year time span is now possible for several Texas urban areas. This paper compares the results of a synthetic thru trip model against 1960 and 1990 thru trip movements for one or more urban areas. The objective is to assess the applicability of synthetic thru trip models for urban areas of 50,000+ population, and to gauge the accuracy of the models in forecasting thru trip movements. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accuracy KW - Conferences KW - Forecasting KW - Mathematical models KW - Origin and destination KW - Synthetic thru trip models KW - Texas KW - Through traffic KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel surveys KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383890 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639937 AU - Li, S-C AU - Vandervalk, A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - A HIGHWAY NEEDS ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY FOR THE FLORIDA TRANSPORTATION PLAN PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 375-389 AB - Determining highway needs on an area-wide basis is an integral aspect of transportation plan development. Florida's coordinated planning procedures were refined by the passage of the State and Regional Planning Act (1984) and the Growth Management Act (1985). Together, these Acts mandate the creation of local and State Comprehensive Plans which establish future transportation network requirements by projecting needs for transportation improvements to ensure that facilities will be in place prior to growth. Recently, for the Florida Transportation Plan (FTP) twenty-year Needs Assessment, Florida Department of Transportation District 4 developed a methodology to analyze needs for Broward, Palm Beach, Martin, St. Lucie and Indian River Counties. The methodology involved computer forecasting models supplemented by a unique program designed to determine the needs in terms of additional lanes required to meet the Florida Statewide Minimum Acceptable Operating Level of Service (LOS) Standards. A different capacity standard used for comprehensive plans and computer modelling results in the fact that model reported volume/capacity ratios cannot be employed to judge highway LOS deficiencies. The program called Additional Laneage Evaluation Program (ADDLNS) bridges the different capacity standards. The first step in the process was to develop a relationship between modelling link attributes and roadway classifications of the Florida Statewide Minimum Acceptable Operating LOS to create an Acceptable LOS Service Flow Rate table. Projected 2001 and 2011 socioeconomic data sets were then loaded onto "existing plus committed" networks in the TRANPLAN based Florida Standard Urban Transportation Model Structure (FSUTMS) to establish demand. ADDLNS, which was specifically developed to use model output volumes to assess highway network deficiencies by incorporating the Acceptable LOS Service Flow Rate table, was utilized to determine the number of additional lanes required. ADDLNS also facilitates the graphic display of roadways needing widening. This paper describes the methodology and results of applying this streamlined and efficient process to determine highway network needs without manual link-by-link capacity calculations. The process is also flexible in adopting different acceptable LOS standards. It was concluded that the methodology is a viable tool for area-wide highway needs assessments. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Computer models KW - Conferences KW - Florida KW - Forecasting KW - Growth management KW - Highway capacity KW - Highway systems KW - Highways KW - Level of service KW - Mathematical models KW - Needs assessment KW - Regional planning KW - Regional transportation KW - Standards KW - State planning KW - States KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban growth KW - Zoning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383893 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639951 AU - Florian, M AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - SOME COMBINED MULTIMODAL NETWORK EQUILIBRIUM MODELS THAT WORK WELL IN PRACTICE PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 631-645 AB - Significant advances have occurred over the last twenty years in the structure and quality of the models used for urban transportation planning (UTP), motivated by the interest of academic researchers and practitioners to better understand the effect of socioeconomic variables on the demand for travel and to better simulate the route choice phenomena on road and transit networks. The progress in the type of models used for UTP may be subdivided into three categories: travel demand models, route choice models on road and transit networks, and the integration of travel demand models with route choice models that result in "combined models". The combined models aim to represent simultaneously the travelers' choices regarding the mode and destination of travel, as well as the corresponding route choices on the corresponding modal networks. These models are internally consistent, in the sense that the origin-destination travel times (costs) are the same as those which are used in determining the demand. Such models are also referred to as multimodal network equilibrium models. This paper presents several variations on such models, that may be easily implemented with the use of the EMME/2 (INRO, 1992) transportation planning package. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Equilibrium models KW - Mathematical models KW - Modal selection KW - Mode choice KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Origin and destination KW - Route choice KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Socioeconomics KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - Travel time KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383907 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639952 AU - Lawton, T K AU - Walker, R E AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - TRANSPORTATION MODEL EQUILIBRIUM--IN PRACTICE IT'S SIMPLE PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 647-662 AB - This paper describes the experience in model equilibration at Metro, the Metropolitan Planning Organization in Portland, Oregon. The perceived problem is the equilibration of speeds used in the mode and destination choice models which occur early in the recursive, or sequential, model structure with speeds from hourly assignment to the highway system at the end of the "four-step" process. In practice this equilibration is not carried out for every scenario or alternative in a future analysis. Scenarios that have changes that are too minor to affect distribution and mode choice, use zone to zone input travel times that are output from previous runs for the same year, for the purpose of destination and mode choice model forecasts. The output travel times are compared with the input travel times to verify this if there is any doubt. The equilibration steps are generally necessary when moving to a new forecast year for the first time and for scenarios evaluating major changes in the land use input or major changes in highway facilities. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Equilibration KW - Forecasting KW - Mathematical models KW - Mode choice KW - Origin and destination KW - Portland (Oregon) KW - Speed KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel time UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383908 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639970 AU - Marshment, R S AU - Dauffenbach, R C AU - Penn, D A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - SHORT RANGE TRAFFIC FORECASTING USING ECONOMETRIC TECHNIQUES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1007-25 AB - The Oklahoma Turnpike Authority (OTA) requires highly detailed monthly traffic forecasts for a variety of management and planning purposes, including revenue forecasting, budgeting, maintenance and personnel scheduling and cash flow accounting. Since traditional forecasting techniques based on trip generation and assignment models were impractical for very short range analysis, two econometric models were used to produce monthly forecasts for a three year period for the Turner Turnpike, which connects Oklahoma City and Tulsa. The first model was an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, also known as Box Jenkins model, which predicts future volumes based on observed past volumes. This method is appropriate when there is a stable trend. The second model, termed a hybrid, was also autoregressive in its use of past data to forecast future volumes, but the model also incorporated economic variables, such as real personal income, non-agricultural employment, the Federal Reserve Index of Industrial Production, and gasoline prices. The models were developed from twelve years of monthly data on vehicle volumes classified by vehicle type. Forecasts were prepared for passenger cars, five axle trucks, and other vehicle types. Both models performed extremely well, with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) less than nine percent for individual vehicle types, and many MAPEs in the range of four to five percent. The OTA found the forecasting models sufficiently useful to commission development of similar models for nine additional turnpikes. The application demonstrates the utility of econometric modeling for a variety of short range transportation planning purposes, including revenue forecasting, single facility and small network traffic volume forecasting, and forecasting vehicle volumes by type. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accuracy KW - Automobiles by type KW - Conferences KW - Econometric models KW - Oklahoma KW - Short term KW - Time duration KW - Toll roads KW - Traffic forecasting KW - Traffic volume KW - Turnpikes KW - Vehicle type UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383925 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639971 AU - Berstein, R AU - Meyer, S AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - RENTON-TUKWILA I-405 RAMP METERING IMPACT STUDY TECHNIQUES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1027-39 AB - The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) is in the process of planning and designing a ramp metering system for I-405, the circumferential freeway that serves the highly-developed and rapidly-growing suburban areas east of Lake Washington and at its north and south ends. The cities of Renton and Tukwila are located at the south end of the lake, and lie astride the southernmost 7-mile section of I-405. In the past, the Renton City Council has been opposed to the concept of ramp metering, and in recognition of this opposition, the WSDOT asked the Renton Transportation Division to use the city's EMME/2-based traffic forecasting model to analyze the queueing and arterial circulation impacts of ramp metering in Renton. (The City of Tukwila was included in the study because arterial circulation and freeway access in Renton and Tukwila are greatly intertwined, and because ramp meters at the Renton and Tukwila I-405 interchanges would have to be designed to function in a coordinated manner.) In response to this request, the City of Renton, in cooperation with the WSDOT, undertook the "Renton-Tukwila I-405 Ramp Metering Impact Study". The purpose of the Study was to develop an "I-405 Corridor Improvement Program"--comprising ramp metering, arterial, and HOV improvements--that would be acceptable to both city councils. The Corridor Improvement Program and the study were divided into two elements: a short-range element comprising a ramp metering plan, and a long-range element, comprising ramp metering and a set of arterial and HOV improvements. For the short-range element, several alternative ramp metering concepts were analyzed, evaluated, and refined. The WSDOT identified the ramps to be metered and their lane configurations, and the Renton model was used to produce 1990 traffic assignments for basic meter timing concepts that ranged from a maximum metering rate of 4 sec (900 vphpl) to a minimum metering rate of 15 sec (240 vphpl). (The delays experienced at ramp meters were incorporated in the traffic assignment procedure by the use of specially-designed volume-delay functions for the metered ramps.) Traffic assignments for the various metering plans were compared to baseline (i.e., no metering) traffic assignments in order to assess the effect of metering on arterial traffic circulation patterns. Overall usage of the freeway system in the study area under the various metering plans also was assessed. The traffic assignments for each ramp were used to illustrate ramp demand volume changes associated with each metering plan, as well as to estimate queue length and duration. Based on the system-level and ramp-specific technical analyses, and on knowledge of local geography and politics, a consensus metering plan was developed. For the long-range element, Year 2010 traffic assignments were produced for several road network alternatives that comprised the selected ramp metering plan plus various arterial, freeway, and HOV improvements. A comparative analysis of the 2010 network alternatives provided technical input for the long-range program. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Circumferential freeways KW - Conferences KW - Corridor improvement programs KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Highways KW - Impact studies KW - Improvements KW - Long term KW - Queuing KW - Ramp metering KW - Short term KW - Time duration KW - Traffic assignment KW - Traffic forecasting KW - Transportation corridors KW - Transportation Improvement Program KW - Washington (State) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383926 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639923 AU - Benson, J D AU - Mullins, J A AU - Clark, A C AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - IMPLEMENTATION AND VALIDATION OF SPEED MODELS FOR THE HOUSTON-GALVESTON REGION PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 125-151 AB - The speed models were implemented to estimate operational speeds using time-of-day assignment results. The models implemented are a variation of the speed estimation techniques described in the report entitled "Highway Vehicle Speed Estimation Procedures for Use in Emissions Inventories" (prepared for the EPA by E.R. Ruiter of Cambridge Systematics). The models rely heavily on the volume-speed relationships described in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The Houston version of the models was implemented to facilitate the emissions inventories for the region and to improve the peak period travel time estimates for the mode share modeling. A unique feature of this effort is the rich data base available for validating the ability of the model to replicate operating speeds and travel times. An extensive regional travel time/speed survey was performed for the base year. This survey provides observed travel time/speed data by direction for the morning and afternoon peak periods. These survey data were used to compute the average (non-incident) morning and afternoon speeds and to append these speeds to the corresponding links in the regional highway networks (i.e., the morning peak observations were appended to the morning peak network and the afternoon observations were appended to the afternoon network). There are more than 2,000 links with average observed morning and afternoon directional speeds (typically four observed speeds per link) or more than 8,000 average observed directional link speeds. These data were used to validate the ability of the models to reasonably replicate observed operational speeds using peak period capacity restrained assignment results. The ability of the models to reasonably replicate these data are critical to the region's air quality analysis. In addition, both morning and afternoon directional travel time runs were made between 14 activity centers and the results compared to the observed data. The ability of the models to reasonably replicate observed highway travel times between locations in the region is critical to the mode choice analysis for the region. This paper describes the speed models and the model validation results. With the increasing emphasis being placed on MPOs to assess the impacts of forecasted traffic on the operational speeds, the Houston experience should be of interest to many of the conference participants. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Data collection KW - Design methods KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Implementation KW - Operating speed KW - Peak periods KW - Speed KW - Speed models KW - Surveys KW - Travel time KW - Validation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383879 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639930 AU - Muntean, D AU - Hall, R A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - ANALYSIS OF ORIGIN/DESTINATION SURVEY DATA BEGINNING AT THE ROADSIDE PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 269-284 AB - The roadside interview origin-destination (O/D) survey has long been a primary data collection procedure for refining urban transportation planning models and to provide information on intercity travel. Beginning in June 1991, a significant enhancement to overcome shortcomings in the traditional analysis of O/D data was pioneered using microcomputers at the roadside to conduct over 100,000 travel surveys for five projects in the state of Florida. In Florida, where growth continues and strong growth policies are embedded in state legislation, accurate analysis of travel model data is required more than ever before. This paper shares the experiences gained in microcomputer based analysis for 140 Florida highway locations, with up to 75,000 vehicles daily (including interstate, expressway, and turnpike facilities). Using dBASE IV programming and Real Time Data Entry for each survey, "automatic geocoding" is achieved by searching place name equivalency tables developed for a given set of traffic analysis zones (TAZs). Field surveys of each TAZ are conducted to identify logical trip and locations within the TAZ. Specific types of locations include: government buildings, residential neighborhoods, commercial centers, schools, parks and major intersections, among other land uses. After assigning each location to the correct TAZ, they are then entered into the database. Geocoding of place name equivalency tables for each survey zone and its potential trip and locations is done prior to O/D field data collection. Data base software with pop-up menus and on-site editing capability now give interviewers more time to concentrate on interview questions to achieve a more valid survey. Each survey is auto-geocoded by computer, enabling the software to automatically connect each logical O/D place name reported by a motorist to a specific TAZ. Edit checks are performed instantaneously as the interview proceeds allowing corrections to be made prior to vehicle departure. These efforts vastly improve survey information accuracy. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accuracy KW - Conferences KW - Data collection KW - Florida KW - Microcomputers KW - Origin and destination KW - Real time control KW - Real time data processing KW - Roadside KW - Roadside surveys KW - Software KW - Surveys KW - Traffic analysis zones UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383886 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639941 AU - Hunt, John Douglas AU - Brownlee, A T AU - Doblanko, L P AU - Ploof, D W AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - MODELLING THE DEMAND FOR PARK+RIDE IN EDMONTON, CANADA PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 449-486 AB - The Edmonton Metropolitan Region is served by an extensive public transport system that includes some light rail transit (LRT). Potential extensions to the LRT component are under consideration. The Region's total population is just over 850,000 and densities are relatively low, typical of cities of this size in western North America. It is recognized in Edmonton's planning of future LRT that park+ride - where public transport access/egress is by auto - has the potential to enhance greatly the role of public transport in the Region. This makes the forecasting of LRT park+ride volumes in particular very important in Edmonton's travel demand modelling and forecasting: the results are relied upon in the evaluation of alternative extensions to the LRT system and in the selection of designated park+ride stations and sizing of designated park+ride parking lots. In recognition of this importance, the City of Edmonton recently embarked upon a program to develop an appropriate system for modelling and forecasting LRT park+ride. The result is an AM peak period transport demand model - complete with generation, distribution, mode split and assignment - that has a variety of specific treatments for representation of park+ride in mode split and network path building. Three mode alternatives are considered: auto, public transport and park+ride. Auto access paths for park+ride are built using the same network used for the auto alternative, with the path building from a given origin allowed to consider the full set of designated locations for transferring from auto to public transport. Constraints have been placed on the set of destinations considered for park+ride in order to avoid problems with the path building process related to the potential reuse of the auto after the access portion of the trip. Mode split is done in two steps. Trips are first separated into groups according to the mode alternatives that are available. The trips in each group are then allocated among the relevant available modes using nested logit choice models. Revealed preference observations obtained in a 10% household survey and at various LRT stations were used to develop the grouping process used in the first step and to estimate the parameters and test the alternative nesting structures for the logit choice models used in the second step. The nesting structures found to be appropriate for these models acknowledge the relatively greater similarity between the auto and park+ride modes, which is contrary to what is often assumed for such models. The resulting model's predictions of conditions after the opening of a new extension to the LRT system compare extremely favorably with observed values collected after the event (within 5%). In this light the specific treatments developed for the representation of park+ride are judged successful and of potential use elsewhere. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accuracy KW - Conferences KW - Edmonton (Canada) KW - Forecasting KW - Light rail transit KW - Line extensions (Rail transit) KW - Logits KW - Mathematical models KW - Modal split KW - Park and ride KW - Transit extensions KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383897 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639948 AU - Moffett, D P AU - Fricker, J D AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - IMPROVED LICENSE PLATE MATCHING PROCEDURES TO ESTIMATE O-D MATRICES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 575-580 AB - Faced with outdated origin-destination matrices assembled from expensive and time-consuming home interview surveys conducted years ago, today's travel demand modelers are considering more expedient and economical alternatives to update or replace those matrices. The use of roadside surveys is under increasing pressure due to safety and privacy concerns, while estimating O-D patterns from link counts involve methods that have not been sufficiently validated. License plate surveys, as a result, have been receiving renewed attention in parts of the country and in the literature. The authors propose an improvement upon license plate matching methods that appeared in a recent issue of "Transportation Research" (Vol 26B, #3). This new technique exploits high certainty matches to improve the reliability of matches with less available information and avoids traditional statistical distribution assumptions previously used in such analysis. The authors offer results of some artificial and actual tests. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Estimating KW - License plates KW - Matching KW - Mathematical models KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Origin and destination KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383904 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639956 AU - Hunt, John Douglas AU - ECHENIQUE, M H AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - EXPERIENCE IN THE APPLICATION OF THE MEPLAN FRAMEWORK FOR LAND USE AND TRANSPORT INTERACTION MODELING PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 723-754 AB - The MEPLAN general framework for land use and transport interaction modelling draws on the results of twenty years of development effort. It integrates economic theory with operational planning methods in a manner that can be used to establish models that are advanced in theory, practical in operation and useful in policy-making. The framework predicts the volumes and locations of activities and their economic linkages (in terms of goods, services or labor) using a spatially disaggregated input-output model with either conventional or more innovative forms. These economic linkages are converted into demands for transport that are assigned to modes and routes, taking account of congestion. Calculated measures of disutility in transport influence the location of activities through time. Considerations are based on a set of market simulations, each with a specific supply, demand and price, making it possible to assess the effects of input policies or scenarios in economic and social terms as well as in physical units. In 1985 work began on the embodiment of the MEPLAN framework in a general purpose software package. Successive versions of the software have been used since then to develop models for a wide range of applications. Areas that have been modelled include London and South-East England, Leeds, Naples, Dortmund, Bilbao, San Sebastian, Beijing, Edinburgh and the Scottish Borders, Cambridgeshire, Sweden, and all of Europe. Work is continuing on the development of models of Colombia, Helsinki, Stockholm, Edmonton and Calgary. The experience thus gained has helped identify a number of specific strengths and specific problem areas associated with the framework and its packaging in specific software. The problem areas are, for the most part, related to practical difficulties that arise during calibration because of the complexity of the framework. The various strengths of the framework make it most applicable in situations where there is a need for consistent land use and transport predictions and evaluations, particularly in cases where there are relatively few observed data. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Economics KW - Interactions KW - Land use KW - Linkages KW - Links (Networks) KW - Mathematical models KW - Software KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383911 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639967 AU - Allen, W G AU - DAVIES, G W AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - A NEW METHOD FOR ESTIMATING COLD START VMT PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 967-983 AB - Motor vehicle emissions research indicates that emission levels are higher for a "cold" engine than for one which has reached its normal operating temperature. EPA's MOBILE 5 emission factor program accounts for this by allowing users to identify the proportion of VMT from vehicles operating in cold start mode and applying a separate emission factor to these "cold start VMT". Most MOBILE 5 users simply use the program's single default value for the regionwide percentage of cold start VMT: 20.6%. It is commonly assumed that all cold start VMT occurs on the local links nearest the zone's centroid and does not affect the "real" street network. In fact, this assumption is probably not true and, with the new requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments, it is more important than ever to identify precisely where cold start VMT occurs in the network, so as to produce better emission estimates by small area. The MINUTP software package now includes a feature which summarizes the number of cold start vehicles on each link and provides this information in the loaded network for subsequent processing with MOBILE 5. To see this feature, the user must provide two parameters: the proportion of trips which operate in cold start mode for any part of their trip and the average time required for a vehicle to change from cold start to hot stabilized mode. Examination of prior research disclosed that the daily percentage of cold start trips ranges from 50 to 75%, with lower values associated with longer trip lengths. The "warm-up" time, from the Federal Test Procedure driving cycle, is 505 seconds. Application of this procedure to data from a traffic model for the southern half of New Jersey indicates that 56% of the trips are cold start, resulting in 19.3% of the VMT being cold start VMT. Tabulations by facility type and area type revealed logical patterns that were consistent with the literature. The result is a procedure that produces a more precise estimate of the cold start VMT fraction by small area, thus leading to more reliable estimates of mobile source emissions. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Case studies KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Cold start KW - Cold starts (Driving) KW - Conferences KW - Estimating KW - Exhaust gases KW - Mobile sources KW - New Jersey KW - Software KW - Trip length KW - Vehicle miles of travel KW - Warmup time UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383922 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639974 AU - Quackenbush, K H AU - Gallagher, J AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - DATA ISSUES IN MODE CHOICE MODEL ESTIMATION PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1077-90 AB - The Central Transportation Planning Staff is estimating new regional mode choice models for use in upcoming Boston area travel forecasting projects. In the process, several issues related to the data base used for model estimation have arisen. Our attempts to resolve these issues should be of interest to the modeling community. In the current transportation planning climate, there is a renewed interest in analytic issues involving a mode choice element, and it is imperative that mode choice models be as carefully developed as possible. This paper compares the results of specifying and estimating regional mode choice models using different sets of data. The objective is to demonstrate that how certain data items are measured and how mode availability is defined have an important bearing on resulting model coefficients. One set of issues discussed relates to the basic way in which impedances are obtained for a model estimation file. Another set of issues discussed relates to travel costs for non-chosen modes. A final set of issues has to do with how and when transit is characterized as an available mode. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Boston (Massachusetts) KW - Conferences KW - Mathematical models KW - Mode choice KW - Modems KW - Regional transportation KW - Sets KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383929 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639926 AU - Schiffer, R G AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - DIFFERENCES IN TRAVEL BEHAVIOR BETWEEN PERMANENT & SEASONAL RESIDENTS: THE LEE COUNTY (FLORIDA) URBAN TRAVEL CHARACTERISTICS STUDY PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 187-217 AB - Areas of south and central Florida play host to a significant number of seasonal residents each winter. These "snowbirds", as they are called, generally reside in the northeast and midwest for the majority of the year but spend the winter months in Florida. It has always been the perception that seasonal residents have differed considerably from permanent Florida residents in terms of travel behavior. However, previous travel surveys conducted in Florida have not specifically targeted seasonal residents and their tripmaking characteristics. The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) initiated the Lee County Urban Travel Characteristics Study to identify differences in travel behavior between permanent and seasonal residents of the Fort Myers-Cape Coral Metropolitan Area. This information will later be used to update the existing tranfportation planning models for Lee County. More importantly, it is believed that survey findings on permanent and seasonal resident tripmaking in Lee County should be transferrable to other areas of Florida and possibly other regions of the United States which experience strong variations in seasonal population. It is anticipated that the survey findings on seasonal resident travel behavior will be used in revising the Florida Standard Urban Transportation Model Structure. The Lee County Urban Travel Characteristics Study has concluded that significant differences in travel behavior do exist between seasonal and permanent residents. These differences include the following: average household size; number of trips per household; percent of trips by purpose; average trip lengths; vehicle occupancies; and temporal distribution of trips (time-of-day). The seasonal resident population continues to increase in Florida. Nonpermanent residents are impacting both the validity of Florida's travel forecasting models and the ability to identify their impacts on future roadway needs. This study will be a catalyst in redefining standard modeling practices to account for seasonal resident variation in travel behavior. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Forecasting KW - Lee County (Florida) KW - Mathematical models KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Seasonal residents KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel behavior KW - Travel demand KW - Urban travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383882 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639928 AU - Kanninen, B J AU - Mohn, C AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - THE ECONOMICS OF ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION MODES: MEASURING THE VALUE OF TRANSPORTATION CHARACTERISTICS THAT AFFECT THE DEMAND FOR TRANSPORTATION MODES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 233-260 AB - Transportation congestion is worsening in most U.S. cities. In addition, to the opportunity costs of time associated with traffic congestion, there are environmental costs associated with automobile use: greenhouse gas emissions, air and noise pollution, and increased land use. Yet people are increasingly unwilling to use alternative modes of transportation, such as public transit, carpooling, or bicycling, which might impose lower environmental and time costs on society. Nationally, the automobile occupancy rate during commute hours was 1.1 in 1990. Although the Twin Cities does not face the severe congestion and pollution problems faced by cities such as Los Angeles and New York, it is nevertheless important to begin addressing this issue in terms of medium-sized cities. Trends show the situation will worsen over time. We must begin searching for ways to reverse these trends. The ultimate goal of this research is to better understand the transportation needs and desires of the people in the Twin Cities area so that we will be able to design transportation alternatives (public transit, semi-private or private commuter services, bicycle or pedestrian systems) that better accommodate the public demand. The objective of the present research project is to assess the values that the public places on particular transportation amenities or characteristics. By measuring these values, we can define the public's priorities in choosing transportation modes, and we can attempt to design transportation alternatives that address these priorities. In this paper a mode-choice model incorporating several (nested) decisions made by households is estimated. People jointly decide such things as what mode to use, how many cars to own, and how many trips to take. This model takes these decisions as dependent variables and uses as independent variables household characteristics (income, age, number in household, number under 5 years old, use day care - yes/no, hours worked per week, occupation, region of residence, and region of work) and mode characteristics (proximity of bus line to home, distance to trip, trip time, and trip cost). The data used are from the 1990 Travel Behavior Inventory, collected by the Metropolitan Council for the Twin Cities. These data have 9,746 household observations and contain some sociodemographic information and a one-day trip diary of all members in each household, including origin, destination, time and purpose. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Economics KW - Environmental impacts KW - Governments KW - Medium sized cities KW - Minneapolis (Minnesota) KW - Mode choice KW - Present value KW - Public KW - Saint Paul (Minnesota) KW - Strategic planning KW - Traffic congestion KW - Values KW - Variables UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383884 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639943 AU - Milone, R J AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - AN ANALYSIS OF INCOME STRATIFIED WORK TRIP DISTRIBUTIONS FOR WASHINGTON, D.C. PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 507-520 AB - This report presents a comparative analysis of work related travel distributions, both with and without income stratification, in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. The investigation makes use of available 1980 Census travel files to develop Home-Based-Work (HBW) person trip tables which are disaggregated to four income levels. The study objective is to assess whether or not income related biases exist in nonstratified distributions, upon which current gravity models are calibrated. The study has found that, in general, regional trip length frequencies appear to increase uniformly, but not dramatically, from lower to higher income strata. The mean travel time between each of the four income strata increases by approximately 1 to 3 minutes. An analysis of jurisdictional interchange summaries has shown that the nonstratified trip distribution tends to overestimate lower income travel to the regional core, by 19% for the lower income groups, and to underestimate high income travel to the regional core, approximately 17% for the 2 upper income groups. This bias is most pronounced for trips produced from the inner-suburban jurisdiction, and appears to be offset, in large part, by intra-jurisdictional travel. The nonstratified trip distribution appears to understate low income travel and overstate high income travel within suburban counties. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Bias (Statistics) KW - Conferences KW - Gravity models KW - Income KW - Travel time KW - Trip distribution KW - Trip length KW - Washington Metropolitan Area KW - Work trips UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383899 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639945 AU - Blewett, Chris AU - Lewis, M AU - DAY, S AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - THE ALBUQUERQUE TRAFFIC MONITORING SYSTEM: BEYOND TRAFFIC DATA COLLECTION STANDARDS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 539-545 AB - State standards for traffic monitoring have been in place in New Mexico since 1987. These standards prescribe methods for the collection, processing and reporting of traffic monitoring data and summary statistics. The standards were based in part on Traffic Monitoring Guide (TMG) recommendations and the principles of truth-in-data and base data integrity. The standards served as a basis for the design and implementation of the Albuquerque Traffic Monitoring Program (ATMP), yet it soon became apparent that standards alone do not ensure the success of a traffic monitoring program. In order to formulate the basis for an effective traffic monitoring program and the efficient utilization of traffic monitoring data, additional elements were considered and implemented. Front end software was developed for processing traffic monitoring data, applying standard edits and other quality control measures and saving summary statistics to ASCII files. Automated linkages between the summary statistic files and the Geographic Information System (GIS), modeling environment and Street Inventory File (SIF) were implemented so that traffic monitoring data could be effectively linked with the environments and software in which it is most often utilized. A menu driven GIS based query system was developed which allows users to review the entire universe of data collection points, select subsets for on screen or hard copy reports, and review other relevant data like the annual and monthly data collection schedules, traffic flows and roadway utilization data. The GIS was also used to generate monthly data collection schedules in map form to assist field personnel with the identification of data collection points and the efficient grouping of traffic monitoring activities. This paper describes how these features combined with standards for traffic data collection have resulted in a traffic monitoring program and information system which is quality oriented, highly automated, user friendly and cost effective. Given the emphasis placed on traffic monitoring systems by the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA), this paper may also serve as a guide to communities which are interested in revitalizing existing traffic monitoring programs and information systems. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Albuquerque (New Mexico) KW - Conferences KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Geographic information systems KW - Information processing KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Monitoring KW - Quality KW - Quality control KW - Software KW - Standards KW - Statistics KW - Traffic UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383901 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639961 AU - Pearson, D F AU - Dresser, G B AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - HOUSEHOLD AND WORKPLACE TRAVEL SURVEY DESIGN PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 831-878 AB - This paper is the result of a comprehensive review of the household and workplace survey methodologies, survey instruments, and survey results from five household and workplace surveys done in Texas in 1990-91. Included in the paper are recommended changes, additions, etc., to the methodologies with revised survey instruments and special conditions/guidelines for addressing problems identified in the surveys. Methodologies are developed and presented for the determination of survey sample sizes and the sample selection procedure. Specific recommendations for conducting the surveys are presented in the paper. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Households KW - Methodology KW - Problem identification KW - Recommendations KW - Texas KW - Travel surveys KW - Workplaces UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383916 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639963 AU - Johnson, K A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - LONG RANGE TRANSPORTATION AND FINANCIAL PLANNING PROCESS FOR THE PITTSBURGH METROPOLITAN REGION PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 923-930 AB - Because of the long range planning mandates for Metropolitan Planning Organizations contained in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, the Southwestern Pennsylvania Regional Planning Commission (SPRPC) has embarked on a major public/private planning effort for the Pittsburgh metropolitan region. For this process, SPRPC has formed an influential advisory board to develop the comprehensive transportation investment strategy for the six-county Greater Pittsburgh area. The 70-member panel, known as the Regional Transportation Partnership, includes government, business, and community leaders from the area. Operating through a series of committees and task forces, the Partnership is addressing the key policy and technical issues which are arising from this strategy. Under the guidance of this advisory board, SPRPC staff is developing a series of alternative land use and transportation scenarios. These scenarios will be evaluated on the basis of mobility, clean air, financial feasibility and other factors. While none of these options are considered to be the final plan, it is felt that by looking at various, distinct options, certain advantages of each will appear. These advantages will then be used to develop a final plan. Each option is vastly different than others in terms of types of transportation projects, geographic location and land usage. The four options being evaluated are: 1) The Concentrated Growth Option - transportation investment and land usage is limited to the three major growth centers of the region; 2) The Valley and Suburban Renaissance Option - investments are geared to rebuilding the industrial valley communities and connecting them to employment centers in the region; 3) The New Growth Option - this option emphasizes a continuing development into the rural areas and stresses new highways; and 4) The Congestion Management Option - this is a "no-build" option where the transportation investment is spent on reducing and preventing congestion, and where IVHS, transit, and demand management techniques are featured. Also part of this process is the development of a transportation financial plan for the region. The objectives of this process is to develop a fiscal envelope that will give a reasonable picture of how much funding can be expected for the region, develop innovative financial techniques to pay for future projects, and develop a financial plan to implement the long range plan. A Financial Task Force was created to deal with these objectives. Members of this task force include officials from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, the City of Pittsburgh, and local economists and financial representatives from the region's banking community. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Conferences KW - Finance KW - Financial planning KW - Forecasting KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Land use planning KW - Long range planning KW - Options KW - Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) KW - Public private partnerships KW - Regional transportation KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383918 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639978 AU - WEINER, E AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - UPGRADING TRAVEL DEMAND FORECASTING CAPABILITIES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1139-45 AB - With the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, there is increased concern about the limitations of travel forecasting procedures to meet the requirement of these acts. Current travel forecasting models, in use for almost 30 years, were originally developed for long range regional scale planning and forecasting, especially for highways. This paper examines: (1) the requirements of a long-term development program to upgrade travel demand forecasting capabilities in transportation agencies; (2) the new Travel Model Improvement Program, which has just completed its first year; and (3) lessons learned from past experiences using travel forecasting procedures that should be applied in the development of a new generation of procedures. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accuracy KW - Conferences KW - Forecasting KW - Improvements KW - Limitations KW - Travel demand KW - Travel Model Improvement Program UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383933 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639959 AU - Reinke, D B AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - NEW DIRECTIONS IN COLLECTION AND USE OF HOUSEHOLD TRAVEL SURVEY DATA PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 797-821 AB - Household travel survey data are the foundations for development of travel demand models. But in many urban areas, existing household travel survey data are not sufficiently detailed for current transportation and air quality analysis needs. In addition, many data sets are 15 or more years old; because of large demographic changes since then, it is highly likely that these older data sets do not adequately represent current travel. A further issue is that these data are not often fully used; by limiting their use to travel model development, transportation planning agencies are not aware of potential uses of the data for analysis of transportation and air quality issues that cannot be directly analyzed with current travel models. This paper presents an overview of the collection and use of household travel survey data. The paper reviews household travel survey data collection experience, focusing on recent surveys in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, and summarizes lessons learned from survey experience. The paper also discusses the use of household travel survey data beyond that of estimating traditional travel demand models. The paper concludes with a look at new advances in household travel survey data collection, with an emphasis on longitudinal data collection. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality KW - Conferences KW - Data analysis KW - Data collection KW - Households KW - Innovation KW - Longitudinal studies KW - Mathematical analysis KW - San Francisco Bay Area KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel surveys KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383914 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639922 AU - Purvis, C L AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - ESTIMATING REGIONAL AUTO OWNERSHIP MODELS USING THE 1990 CENSUS PUBLIC USE MICRODATA SAMPLE (PUMS) PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 95-123 AB - Disaggregate (household-level) auto ownership choice models have typically been estimated using large-scale cross-sectional household travel surveys. These travel demand models will typically stratify housholds into households owning zero, one, or two-or-more vehicles within the household. This basic market segmentation is critical in the estimation and application of a regional set of disaggregate travel demand models. An alternative regional data set for estimating disaggregate auto ownership choice models is the 1990 Census Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS). The PUMS are two disaggregate files of individual 1990 Census records (household and population characteristics) of either 1% of an area's households, or 5% of an area's households (the 1% and the 5% Sample). Disaggregate auto ownership choice (logit) models have been estimated based on the PUMS data files for the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area. Disaggregate validation is reported at the Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA) and by other market segments. These models are also compared to disaggregate models based on the 1981 and 1990 Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) household travel surveys. Strengths and weaknesses of both approaches - PUMS versus household travel surveys - are discussed. The primary weakness of the PUMS is the lack of neighborhood characteristics, such as land use density or accessibility measures, at a fine enough geographic level (i.e., regional travel analysis zone). Transferability of the model estimation methodology to other metropolitan regions is discussed. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - 1990 Census KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Automobile ownership KW - Conferences KW - Disaggregate analysis KW - Disaggregate models KW - Estimating KW - Logits KW - Public use microdata samples KW - San Francisco Bay Area KW - Travel demand KW - Travel surveys UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383878 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639924 AU - Bernardin, V L AU - SAHA, S K AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - A SIMULTANEOUS LINK SPEED ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATING TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT MODELS: A CASE STUDY OF TERRE HAUTE & SOUTH BEND PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 153-169 AB - In the calibration of transportation planning models, adjustments to link speeds or impedances are very common. However, since this process is typically conducted on an ad hoc basis to "fix" localized problems, the adjustments invariably create new problems in other parts of the network. Consequently, the network calibration often turns into a painstaking, protracted process of trial-and-error adjustments. In this paper, a simple two-step procedure for simultaneously adjusting link speeds throughout the network is presented. The paper presents a case study using the Terre Haute, Indiana network, and the results of a more recent application of the technique in calibrating the South Bend-Elkhart, Indiana network. Before-and-after error statistics are discussed as well as summary statistics of speeds by facility type and corridor. The method has proven to be a tremendous time-saver and can be very useful for modelers provided it is not used as a panacea for calibration problems that are not related to link speed misspecifications. The paper ends by taking pains to point out this potential for abuse. For modelers who prefer to avoid individual link impedance adjustments in favor of modifying speed-capacity tables, the procedure can be used for determining the optimum average speed for a given facility type. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Adjustment factors KW - Adjustments KW - Calibration KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Electrical impedance KW - Link speeds KW - Links (Networks) KW - Mathematical models KW - Mechanical impedance KW - Productivity KW - South Bend (Indiana) KW - Speed KW - Terre Haute (Indiana) KW - Time savings KW - Traffic assignment KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383880 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639947 AU - Adler, T J AU - Rimmer, L L AU - Bredahl, D AU - Lamb, D R AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - HOUSEHOLD SURVEY FOR THE TAMPA BAY REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLANNING MODEL PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 557-573 AB - The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) is funding the development and application of a transportation planning model covering the Tampa Bay region of Hillsborough, Pinellas, Pasco and Hernando Counties. This region is unique in several ways. First, the region includes two major metropolitan areas, Tampa and Clearwater/St. Petersburg, separated by a bay and connected with causeways. Second, the region has a very large retired population comprising almost 40% of the region's households. And third, the region attracts a substantial amount of recreational traffic because of its beaches and other commercial attractions such as Busch Gardens. This paper describes the household survey effort that was developed to address the transportation-related issue resulting from these characteristics. A mailout/mailback household survey was developed to collect information about household travel characteristics and about mode preferences of the region's residents. The survey used Dillman's Total Design Method to maximize response rate. The net response rate was close to 50%. Travel diary data from the survey were used to estimate life-cycle-based trip generation rates by trip type. Significant variations were found in trip-making patterns among three major household categories: retired, non-retired with children and non-retired without children. Because of the large number of retired households in the region, these differences in travel characteristics are especially important in transportation planning for the region. The household survey included a stated preference section designed to provide data for a Direct Utility Assessment (DUA) analysis of choices among existing and prospective future travel modes. The statistical analysis of these data was used to update and provide additional details to the Florida standard mode split model. The analysis showed significant differences in mode preferences among income classes and between alternative line haul and access modes. Overall, the household survey provided useful insights into the effects on travel behavior of the region's unique characteristics. These insights in turn provide guidance for the design of the full regional transportation planning models. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Consumer behavior KW - Consumer preferences KW - Data collection KW - Households KW - Income KW - Mathematical models KW - Modal split KW - Mode choice KW - Regional transportation KW - Statistical analysis KW - Surveys KW - Tampa Bay Area KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel behavior KW - Travel patterns KW - Trip generation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383903 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639949 AU - Schiffer, R G AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - LICENSE TAG SURVEYS - DATA COLLECTION, PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS: THE PENSACOLA STREET REALIGNMENT STUDY (TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA) PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 583-605 AB - The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) is presently conducting a corridor study for a proposed one-way pair of two streets connecting Downtown Tallahassee with areas surrounding Florida State University. At the University's request, FDOT has now incorporated as one of its alternatives the realignment of a major four lane roadway, Pensacola Street, to connect with the proposed one-way pair. The realignment of Pensacola Street would remove a significant physical barrier to pedestrian activity on campus. An origin-destination survey was proposed to identify existing travel patterns which would be impacted by a realignment of Pensacola Street. A license tag survey was chosen as the appropriate methodology for two primary reasons. First, license tag surveys are relatively inexpensive and can generally be accomplished in a shorter time frame than a traditional origin-destination roadside interview survey. Secondly, the emphasis of the survey was to ascertain trip origins and destinations only. Typical interviewer-obtained data concerning trip purposes, vehicle occupancies and trip lengths were not essential to the survey. However, completing the survey prior to the end of Florida State University's spring semester was critical. While a license tag survey is relatively simple in terms of the information collected, survey success is dependent on the definition of adequate survey sites, the training and coordination of manpower and the availability of needed equipment. Survey-generated datasets were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software. Survey findings and products included the following: Split between "through" trips and "University-bound" trips; Trip origin-destination matrix; Comparisons between survey-generated and model-generated trip tables. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Conferences KW - Field data KW - Field studies KW - Highway realignment KW - License plate surveys KW - License plates KW - Mathematical models KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Origin and destination KW - Statistical analysis KW - Surveys KW - Tallahassee (Florida) KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383905 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639931 AU - Pehlke, L O AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - NEW MODELING TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION CONTROL MEASURES AND CONGESTION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 287-304 AB - Under the new Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) requirements, Federal funds may not be programmed for any highway or transit project that will result in a significant increase in carrying capacity for single-occupant vehicles unless the project is part of an approved Congestion Management System (CMS). The CMS has yet to be developed for the Boston region. Therefore, as part of the planning process for a major roadway improvement project already in the EIS preparation stage, a comprehensive assessment of the potential efficacy of various TDM/TSM measures was required. Specifically, it was necessary to evaluate these measures in terms of their potential to serve as alternatives to an additional general purpose lane of roadway capacity. To this end, various techniques and procedures were developed to utilize both the regional UTPS travel demand model and a regional mode choice model as tools to comparatively evaluate the measures. Regional travel statistics, air quality impacts and corridor specific travel condition results were derived from model outputs and assessed. Specific measures were identified and designed for application within the context of the project. Various changes to either the trip tables and/or networks were made to create surrogates of the roadway or tripmaking changes inherent in the assumed design parameters of each measure evaluated. The specific measures evaluated for this project included: 1) Employer Based Transportation Management Organizations; 2) Public Transportation Improvements; 3) High Occupancy Vehicle-Lanes; and 4) Incident Management. Ramp Metering was also evaluated, but it was determined to be an inappropriate candidate for development of a model surrogate. The paper presents the process of developing and testing the various TDM/TSM measures and an evaluation of the results. The following steps are detailed: 1) Selection of appropriate measures within the project context; 2) Designing the physical and/or institutional parameters of the measure and identifying the assumptions concerning applicability and potential success for each measure; 3) Developing specific model modifications and techniques for use in the analysis; and 4) Interpretation of results. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality management KW - Conferences KW - Congestion management systems KW - Employer transportation management organizations KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Incident management KW - Mathematical models KW - Mode choice KW - Public transit KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation system management KW - Travel demand KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383887 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639933 AU - Kahng, J AU - Setteducato, J N AU - Kamal, M AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - HOW TO FORECAST REGIONAL TRAVEL DEMAND FOR A 40 MILE LONG HOV SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE INGRESS AND EGRESS? PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 321-334 AB - A critical component in planning/evaluating a High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) system is to forecast HOV demand. However, certain HOV travel demand forecast procedures limit the potential market to users of the study freeway or the freeway plus one parallel arterial, while other less comprehensive methods employ generalized corridor assumptions, such as "nationwide average" conditions for alternative highways, traveler's characteristics, etc. To address this limitation, an HOV travel forecasting methodology, which can be implemented as an integral part of the regional "four-step" transportation planning process, has been developed. The methodology projects the travel demand for an HOV system by forecasting its two primary components: spatial shift and modal shift. A multi-layer trip assignment technique is employed to project the spatial shift (the HOV system-eligible trips already in a traffic stream that divert to an HOV system). A modified conventional mode choice method is utilized to predict the modal shift that represents newly formed HOV trips. Both forecasts employ travel time savings as the primary incentive for the change in the traveler's travel behavior. This paper highlights the key concepts and primary components of this HOV travel demand forecasting methodology and illustrates its transferability in application to other projects and areas. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Forecasting KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Modal shift KW - Spatial shift KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel behavior KW - Travel demand KW - Travel time UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383889 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639938 AU - Krzeminski, R J AU - Sklute, S AU - Stasiak, R T AU - Bean, M F AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - DEFINING THE FLORIDA INTRASTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM AND IMPLEMENTING THE INTRASTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM POLICIES AND PRIORITIES OF THE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 391-407 AB - The Florida Intrastate Highway System (FIHS) was established by the Florida Legislature. The Florida Department of Transportation is required to develop an FIHS plan delineating a statewide system of limited and controlled access facilities. The plan is to provide a statewide transportation network to accommodate high speed and high volume traffic movements within the state. The FIHS consists of Interstate highways, the Florida Turnpike system, and inter-regional and inter-city limited access facilities. In response to the requirement to provide this transportation network, the Department formulated its Intrastate Highway System Policies and Priorities. This Policy limits the number of lanes on the Intrastate Highway System to ten. In urbanized areas with populations over 200,000, the ten lane maximum includes four physically separated exclusive lanes for high occupancy vehicles and through travel. The Policy requires the development of an intermodal system with provisions for high speed rail, transit, and high occupancy vehicles. It requires that additional capacity beyond that provided by the maximum highway section, be provided for by acquisition of sufficient right-of-way for alternative transportation options. Implementation of the Policy is through the development of Multi-Modal Interstate Master Plans on the Interstate System and all other limited access roads on the FIHS. Similar multi-modal solutions are generated through Action Plans which are defined for the controlled access FIHS routes. Planning for the FIHS and implementation of the Department's policies have been guided by the application of geographic information systems (GIS) and the development of a decision support system exploiting the capabilities of the GIS. Program information and systems characteristics are displayed together on computer generated maps. Level of Service (LOS), pavement condition, safety, economic development, and intermodal connectivity are quantified as variables which are weighed to simulate policy decisions. This supports the graphical presentation of policy, which is then overlaid on maps depicting Work Program information and system characteristics. This information provides guidance on where to apply Master Plan and Action Plan resources as the first step in the implementation of the Department's Intrastate Highway System Policies and Priorities and the development of the FIHS. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Florida KW - Geographic information systems KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - High speed rail KW - Highway capacity KW - Implementation KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Intrastate highway system KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Policy KW - Property acquisition KW - Public transit KW - Right of way (Land) KW - Strategic planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383894 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639940 AU - Allen, W G AU - Mukundan, S AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - USE OF GIS IN TRANSIT ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 427-447 AB - Studies of major transit capital investment alternatives often rely on regional travel forecasting models and large-scale computerized transit networks. The process of designing alternatives usually involves modifying the network coding to reflect some kind of change in the service provided by the transit system. Examples include a new fixed guideway facility, significant changes in local or express bus frequency and routing, new park-and-ride lots, and improved feeder bus service. Given the very abstract nature of the computerized transit network and the numerous rules and complex protocol inherent to transit network processing programs, it is a rather difficult task to translate the planner's intentions into network coding changes, when creating a system alternative. It is also difficult to fully comprehend the tradeoffs between in-vehicle time and out-of-vehicle time when trying to design an alternative. As a result, it is not uncommon for an alternative which is supposed to improve service to actually result in worse service. It is difficult for the analyst to determine whether or not such a situation has occurred because to do so requires examining large volumes of numbers in a complex and tedious effort. Worse still, these situations are often not discovered until much later in the study process. The need to conduct such analyses has spurred researchers to use a geographic information system (GIS) to display the data in a manner in which problems are revealed much more readily. The authors have built upon earlier work by others to develop a way to systematically display service level differences between any two transit alternatives or between an alternative and some base condition. This procedure compares the weighted travel times between the two networks and produces summarized zone-level files of these differences. This zone-level information is then displayed using GIS software that can produce thematic maps. By automating the procedure, such maps can be produced very quickly for an alternative. In practice, these maps have proven to be very effective in showing the analyst whether or not a particular set of network coding changes has in fact achieved the desired goals. As a side benefit, the same maps have proven helpful in communicating the results of computerized transit network analysis to elected officials and the public. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Capital investments KW - Conferences KW - Geographic information systems KW - Level of service KW - Maps KW - Public transit KW - Travel time KW - Zones UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383896 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639964 AU - Nungesser, L G AU - Shafie, E AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - MPOS' TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS: PROJECT SELECTION PROCEDURES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 931-939 AB - The watershed Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) has required numerous changes in the way transportation projects develop locally: new participants, longer planning horizons, broader and more comprehensive planning considerations, new tests of financial feasibility, and different ways of weighing the merits of one project versus another. ISTEA has also changed the way Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) place transportation projects on the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). In short the TIP is no longer to be a "wish list" of transportation improvements. This paper reviews the project selection, evaluation, and tradeoff procedures many MPOs have adopted with their revised TIP processes. It focuses on the categories of evaluation measures, the weighing and ranking approaches, and the differences in project selection procedures between urban areas under 750,000 population and those over 750,000. It also considers whether the project selection procedures in non-attainment areas for air quality differ from those in attainment areas. It also makes recommendations on several schemes that may be effectively employed by MPOs desiring to modify/restructure their procedures. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Conferences KW - Evaluation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Recommendations KW - Selection KW - Transportation Improvement Program UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383919 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639966 AU - Suhrbier, J H AU - Reinke, D AU - Ruiter, E AU - Rossi, T AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - PUSHING BEYOND REASONABLE LIMITS? INTERFACING TRANSPORTATION AND AIR QUALITY MODELS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 947-963 AB - After a decade of relative quiet, the analytical methodologies employed to support transportation air quality planning are being closely examined as a result of both the 1990 Clean Air Act and the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). With the initial base year mobile source emission inventories now complete and the real work of analyzing alternative control strategies still ahead, both transportation and air quality professionals are increasingly uneasy about the state-of-the-art of transportation air quality modeling. Considerable high-quality effort has been invested in the four-stage network analysis process, the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS), and the MOBILE5 emissions model, yet important limitations still exist in interfacing these important analytical capabilities. Each was well designed for a specific purpose; each is now being extended beyond its original design intentions. Transportation variables affecting emissions are not necessarily the same ones that currently receive most emphasis in travel demand model systems. Rather than looking primarily at vehicle miles of travel as often was done in the past, emphasis is now being given to variables such as the number of trips, trip length, vehicle speed, engine operating mode, and even the length of time between vehicle trips. Current studies also are calling into question the validity of mobile source emission models and even the representativeness of the underlying Federal Test Procedure. Analysts indicate that actual emissions may be underestimated by a factor of two to three, if not higher. This paper first presents general observations concerning the analytical implications of the new Clean Air Act, and then describes examples of emerging analytical practices. Three basic questions are addressed: How good are current analytical capabilities? Can independently developed transportation and air quality models be successfully linked? What are the priorities for developing improved analytical capabilities? The overall conclusion is that while numerous incremental refinements are possible, a more fundamental rehabilitation of both transportation and emissions models is needed for the kinds of policies identified to be realistically evaluated. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality KW - Air quality management KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Clean Air Act KW - Clean air act 1990 KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Mathematical models KW - Mobile sources KW - Pollutants KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Validity UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383921 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639973 AU - Rowden, W C AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - NEO-TRADITIONAL NEIGHBORHOOD DESIGN PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1067-75 AB - Neo-traditional neighborhood design has become popular with many in land use planning, but few analysis methods have been documented for transportation planning that involves neo-traditional design. However, the neo-traditional approach to land use planning will probably affect transportation planning. A multi-use development that includes both residential and commercial uses in a neo-traditional design is expected to have different trip-making patterns than those residential and commercial uses would have alone. It is believed that the number of vehicle trips generated by such a development would be fewer than the number of vehicle trips generated by a standard residential design. While no method for calculating the trip generation for a neo-traditional development is in widespread use, a method can be created using the principles in the ITE Trip Generation report. This approach was used for a development in Washington County, Oregon. This allowed a transportation impact analysis of a neo-traditional development. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Commercial development KW - Conferences KW - Design practices KW - Development KW - Economic development KW - Impact studies KW - Land use planning KW - Multiple use KW - Neighborhoods KW - Neotraditional design KW - Residential areas KW - Residential development KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel patterns KW - Trip generation KW - Washington County (Oregon) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383928 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639975 AU - Adler, T J AU - Rimmer, L L AU - Szeto, C AU - North, R A AU - Shimizu, R A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - RIDERSHIP ESTIMATION FOR A SUBURBAN PRT SYSTEM PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1091-12 AB - The Chicago Regional Transportation Authority is evaluating the potential of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) systems to meet the unique mobility needs of suburban centers. An important part of this evaluation is to determine the potential ridership, given travel patterns and mode preferences in Chicago suburban communities. This paper describes the approach used and the initial ridership estimates for candidate PRT demonstration systems in four such communities. The PRT system designs being analyzed as potential demonstration projects in the Chicago area are approximately 2.5 miles in length, serving primarily the major commercial activity centers in the community. Virtually all trips on the systems would be short, non-home-based trips. Examples would include trips between commuter rail or bus stations and workplaces, trips between office buildings and mid-day trips from office buildings to retail centers. These types of trips are not detailed sufficiently in conventional urban transportation models to provide the level of information needed to evaluate tyis type of PRT system. A market area analysis was conducted for the four major activity centers to determine the numbers and types of trips that would be candidates for PRT service. Intercept travel surveys were conducted to determine the existing trip-making patterns within these centers. To estimate the number of trips that would be candidates for the PRT service, a detailed inventory was conducted of existing land uses and of the types of access that could be provided between those land uses and potential PRT stations. A self-administered, computer-based survey instrument was used to determine the conditions under which individuals would use PRT for current and possible future travel activities. The survey computers collected information on the respondents' current mode choice, described the PRT system using a digitized slide show, and presented a set of future travel scenarios adapted to the respondents' current trip. Data from the survey were used to estimate multinomial logit-form mode choice models for both work and non-work trips. The study found a significant range among the activity centers analyzed both in the number of trips that would be servced by PRT and in the sensitivity of PRT ridership to fare. Non-work uses were found to be particularly cost-sensitive. PRT ridership estimates for the potential demonstration systems ranged from 8,000 trips/day for two of the activity centers to less than 2,000 trips/day for the other two areas. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Access KW - Activity centers KW - Chicago (Illinois) KW - Conferences KW - Demonstration projects KW - Estimates KW - Fares KW - Land use KW - Market assessment KW - Mode choice KW - Non-work trips KW - Personal rapid transit KW - Ridership KW - Suburbs KW - Trip purpose KW - Work trips UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383930 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639927 AU - Euritt, M A AU - Meesomboon, J AU - Qin, J AU - Walton, C M AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - FRAMEWORK FOR EVALUATION OF TCM EFFECTIVENESS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 219-232 AB - Transportation planning and air quality analysis models are rather incompatible. Emissions models require detailed inputs which are generally not provided by the transportation planning and analysis tools. The four-stage transportation planning analysis sequence does not account for the manner in which individuals make travel decisions. Equilibration procedures give information only on average flow conditions on roadway links, while the emissions models normally need such data as speed for different vehicle classes. Most traffic simulation models are not able to forecast changes in traffic volume as it is caused by a transportation control measure (TCM) implementation. This paper develops a macro-analysis model -- a unified framework that links the transportation planning and air quality analysis models. The framework can then be used to evaluate the effectiveness of a TCM. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality KW - Air quality management KW - Conferences KW - Effectiveness KW - Forecasting KW - Macro-analysis models KW - Mathematical models KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Pollutants KW - Traffic simulation KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383883 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639929 AU - Boorse, J W AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - METHODS OF DETERMINING TRAFFIC IMPACT OF LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT FOR ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 261-267 AB - As metropolitan areas plan solutions to transportation and/or environmental problems, Light Rail Transit (LRT) has become an increasingly popular consideration. Serious planning requires objective analysis of a number of alternatives, generally ranging from "Do nothing" to "Build something". Whenever an analysis includes LRT as a "Build" alternative it becomes necessary to specifically examine its traffic impacts as compared with those produced by the other alternatives. The environmental impacts of an LRT alternative are generally positive, primarily as a result of diverting trips from the highway mode to the rail mode with an attendant reduction of air pollution and oil consumption. However, because LRT does not necessarily require the high degree of physical separation from highway traffic that is needed by most other guided modes, designs are likely to include at-grade crossings and other interaction with the roadway network. These interactions may also have some modest negative impacts at the points where they occur. Customarily, evaluation of site-specific highway impacts includes a determination of the Level of Service (LOS) for the affected roadways under each alternative. At present, the tool most commonly used to make these determinations is the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). When the HCM was developed the potential traffic impact of a new rail operation was rarely a factor. Understandably, the manual concentrates upon the interaction of highway movements and the matter of roadway/railway interface is not specifically addressed. Thus, in order to use the HCM to carry out analysis of locations which involve LRT impact, it is necessary to adapt its methodology to determine LOS at such locations. This paper discusses the common highway/LRT interfaces as well as a few uncommon ones. It explains several methodologies by which the impact of rail movements can be simulated so that the LOS can then be determined by traditional methods. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Environmental impacts KW - Highway Capacity Manual KW - Impact studies KW - Level of service KW - Light rail transit KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Simulation KW - Traffic safety KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383885 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639942 AU - Harper, E A AU - Rossi, T F AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - MANAGING TRAVEL DEMAND FORECASTING METHODS USING A DATABASE APPROACH PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 491-504 AB - Over the five years of travel demand modeling on the Central Artery/Tunnel Project the need for a carefully managed data base of travel demand data has emerged. Databases and programs were developed gradually and independently over the course of the project. Much work has been done to coordinate and relate the systems and data to the end of both automating the data preparation and analysis of results and to the end of making possible analyses which were previously impossible. A complex database has been developed in response to needs such as: demand for a huge number of analyses; requirements for immediate turn-around of alternative analysis; numerous staff members, changing over time, working on the same, or similar alternatives; and a need to manage rapidly changing construction staging scenarios. Databases which have been developed include land use, networks and nodes, text files annotating the alternatives, construction truck routes and volumes, fixed bus routes and volumes, lists and status of alternatives, text files annotating construction phasing, screenline data, continuous route data, and speeds and volumes for air quality and noise analysis. All the data files are inter-relatable. Programs which access the databases are written in a variety of languages and packages including SAS, DBASE, Fortran, Lotus, Foxpro, Brief Macros and Arc/Info. Some of the programs manage and report inputs and outputs; others perform analysis. The database systems have fully automated the generation of screenlines and route data and made possible quick comparisons of screenlines from up to six different alternatives or sets of counts. It has also made it possible to quickly re-route multiple fixed route vehicles such as buses and construction trucks and generate data files for pre-loading the changed link level volumes. Other programs access the network database and analyze the speeds as a part of the speed/volume certification for the air quality analysis. The network databases make it possible to interactively and graphically compare the results of two alternatives. It also makes it possible to automatically generate construction staging networks, moving structures forward and backward in time. An auxiliary benefit is the ability to perform ad hoc analysis such as changes in VMT/VHT by geographic area. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Automation KW - Computer graphics KW - Conferences KW - Data analysis KW - Data collection KW - Databases KW - Forecasting KW - Interactive graphics KW - Management KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383898 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639944 AU - Cottrell, W D AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - THE GROWTH OF RECURRING ROADWAY CONGESTION: CUMULATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED URBANIZED AREAS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 521-537 AB - This paper reports on the 1987 to 1990 growth in the supply of and the demand and congestion on principal arterials in urbanized areas (UZAs). This is an update and expansion of a discussion offered in the 1991 Report of the Secretary of Transportation to the U.S. Congress. The Highway Performance Monitoring System served as the database for both studies. Level of service "F" (LOS F), characterized by forced or breakdown traffic flow, was chosen as the congestion threshold. Roadway supply was measured by lane-mileage, demand by the daily vehicle-miles of travel (DVMT), the extent of congestion by the DVMT experiencing LOS F (DVMT), and the extent and duration of LOS F by the lane-mile duration index (LMDI, in "lane-mile-hours"). Fifty-two of the nation's 115 UZAs with population greater than 199,999, based on the 1980 Census, were analyzed. The 1990 principal arterial DVMT in the UZAs studied represented 33.9% of the total arterial DVMT in all 115 UZAs. The supply of and the demand, DVMT and LMDI on principal arterials in the UZAs studied increased by 4.2, 10.8, 53.2, and 48.5%, respectively, between 1987 and 1990. The portion of the DVMT experiencing LOS F on principal arterials increased from 0.9 to 1.3%. In the 52 UZAs, the percent increase in principal arterial DVMT was 4.9 times the percent growth in demand and 12.6 times the percent growth in supply. The ratio of the DVMT in the 13 UZAs with population greater than 999,999 to that in all 52 UZAs decreased from 92.7 to 91.1%, while the ratio based on the LMDI decreased from 90.8 to 90.6% between 1987 and 1990. These statistics indicate that congestion is concentrated in the largest UZAs, although there was a modest spreading of congestion to the smaller UZAs. The trends emphasize the need for congestion mitigation. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Arterial highways KW - Conferences KW - Daily KW - Increase KW - Lane mile duration index KW - Level of service KW - Mileage KW - Statistics KW - Streets KW - Traffic congestion KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Urban areas KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383900 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639946 AU - McMillan, T W AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - ISTEA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND LONG RANGE PLANNING: THE CRITICAL LINK PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 547-556 AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) has given the transportation industry unprecedented opportunities to improve transportation policies, planning, and investments. The six management systems in particular can be vital tools in advancing these improvements. However, if these management systems are developed and implemented outside of and divorced from a greater planning context, they can easily become bureaucratic, burdensome data collection exercises with little impact on major transportation decisions. The management system link to the ISTEA state and metropolitan long range planning requirements must be developed early. Long range planning has clearly shifted its emphasis under ISTEA to embrace the following key themes: 1) multimodal transportation system definition and focus, 2) responsible and accountable management of that system for performance, and 3) partnership among public agencies, the private sector, and the public in carrying out these management responsibilities. Within this comprehensive approach, the management systems envisioned by the ISTEA can be meaningful tools that add value to the transportation planning and programming process. The Metropolitan Transportation Commission of the San Francisco Bay Area is incorporating this strategy as part of its update of the Regional Transportation Plan, which will be used to illustrate how the critical management system/long range planning link can be forged. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - City planning KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Long range planning KW - Management KW - Management systems KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Multimodal transportation systems KW - Performance KW - Public private partnerships KW - Regional planning KW - Regional transportation KW - San Francisco Bay Area KW - State planning KW - States KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383902 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639960 AU - Schlappi, M L AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - VALIDITY OF AVERAGE STOPPED DELAY ESTIMATES BASED ON AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 823-829 AB - Traffic congestion on arterial streets is frequently mentioned as an important issue in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area and in other major metropolitan areas. The Maricopa Association of Governments Transportation Planning Office needed to analyze over 400 intersections in the Phoenix metropolitan area to determine the Level of Service (LOS). Aerial photographs of intersection queue lengths combined with ground counts provide a cost effective way of determining the LOS at these intersections. This paper describes the validity of using this method. For the validation, four of the 400 intersections were studied in detail. Three types of data were collected simultaneously at each of these four intersections included in the study: aerial photographs, queue lengths, and machine counts. Aerial photographs were taken at ten minute intervals to record the queue lengths. The queue lengths were also counted by observers on the ground to verify the accuracy of the aerial photographs. In addition, machine traffic counts were taken at each approach of the intersections to measure the total volume of vehicles. The aerial photography provided a good estimate of the average hourly queue length by approach. Further, this hourly queue length estimate was found to be a good predictor of the peak 15 minute queue length. The average stopped delay was then estimated using the approach volume counts and related to LOS using the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual criteria. Aerial photography combined with machine counts provided a good estimate of levels of service at the intersections evaluated. In addition, the aerial photographs provided a permanent record to examine if there were any questions about the data. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accuracy KW - Aerial photography KW - Conferences KW - Intersections KW - Length KW - Level of service KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Phoenix (Arizona) KW - Queuing KW - Stopped time delays KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic counts KW - Validation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383915 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639962 AU - Hartgen, D T AU - Martin, W E AU - Reser, A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - AIR QUALITY PLANNING: HOW ARE THE MPOS RESPONDING? RESULTS OF A NATIONAL SURVEY PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 881-922 AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 radically changed the requirements for transportation planning on those cities that are designated non-attainment for ozone or carbon monoxide. Depending on severity of non-attainment, cities must develop plans, implement pollution-reducing strategies, or otherwise respond, so that the future air pollution situation is better than at present. In some cities legal action has been initiated (or suggested) to ensure compliance with these and earlier requirements for conformity and for firm results. This paper reports on a national survey of all non-attainment areas, to determine what actions have been taken or are contemplated, their impacts or results, costs, and further anticipated efforts. The survey covers cities in various ranges of non-conformity, and assesses the best ways to ensure lawsuit-free transportation planning in the "air quality" era. Of 98 areas, 62 responded. Findings include: (1) About 17% of MPO resources (50% in severe non-attainment areas) are being targeted at air quality issues; (2) About 89% of MPOs have lead or support roles in air quality inputs to the SIP for their region; (3) About 35% are revising TIPs to account for air quality; (4) Projected reductions from TCMs will be small, generally less than 0.5%; (5) Ridesharing, transit, and pedestrian actions are the most popular TCMs; (6) New partnerships are forming between air quality and transportation agencies; and (7) For many reasons, delays in achieving the 1996 targets are likely. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air pollution KW - Air quality KW - Air quality management KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Cities KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amentments 1990 KW - Compliance KW - Conferences KW - Data collection KW - Legal action KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Nonattainment areas KW - Ozone KW - Pedestrian actions KW - Public transit KW - Ridesharing KW - Surveys KW - Transportation departments KW - Transportation Improvement Program KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383917 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639977 AU - Richter, K AU - Eash, R AU - Shimizu, R AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - STEVENSON EXPRESSWAY HIGH OCCUPANCY VEHICLE LANE FEASIBILITY STUDY PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1123-36 AB - In 1990, a preliminary evaluation of potential high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane locations in northeastern Illinois recommended three expressway corridors for further evaluation. These three corridors were next screened using criteria based upon other regions' experiences with HOV facilities and recommendations from an expert panel held in early 1991. The Stevenson Expressway corridor - a radial corridor running from the southwest suburbs to the Chicago central area - was found to be the most promising of the three corridors for an HOV lane application. A feasibility study of an HOV lane on the Stevenson Expressway is now underway as part of the region's ongoing Operation Greenlight congestion management program. Direction for the project is provided by an HOV Lane Steering Committee composed of members from the region's operating and planning agencies. The Illinois DOT has contracted with a consultant to develop and recommend an HOV lane design. The Chicago Area Transportation Study is responsible for forecasting HOV traffic for alternative HOV designs selected by the consultant. This paper reviews the following major components of the HOV lane feasibility study: (1) Organization and management of the study; (2) Development of conceptual HOV lane alternatives; (3) Design and traffic operations issues that affect the project's feasibility; (4) Forecasting traffic on the HOV lane alternatives; (5) Evaluation of the HOV lane alternatives, in particular, their impact upon the corridor's transit ridership; and (6) Programming of the HOV lane improvement and coordination with other programmed improvements for the Stevenson Expressway. A status report on the feasibility study and a discussion of preliminary findings are included in the paper. Some comments on future HOV facility planning in the northeastern Illinois region conclude the paper. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Chicago (Illinois) KW - Conferences KW - Congestion management systems KW - Feasibility analysis KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Impact studies KW - Planning KW - Traffic forecasting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383932 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639918 AU - WEINER, E AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - CONFERENCE SUMMARY: FOURTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRANSPORTATION PLANNING METHODS APPLICATIONS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 3-16 AB - The Conference was attended by over 340 practicing transportation planners mostly from state and local agencies and consultants. This Fourth Conference reflected the changes being brought about by the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). There was demonstrated concern for meeting the planning and management system requirement in ISTEA and the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under the deadlines in CAAA. There was considerable interest along the entire range of alternatives from shorter-term transportation system management (TSM) options to longer-term land use arrangements. States and metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) are using the analytical tools that they have available and adapting them to address the new requirements of these two acts. However, concern was expressed about the tight deadlines and lack of technical assistance in meeting these requirements. Moreover, there was a clear expression of the need to improve analytical procedures and develop new ones. Conference participants expressed interest in improved communication and interchange between planners in State and local agencies. Many agencies are facing similar problems, and approaches to address these problems are likely to prove useful to others. The remainder of this Conference Summary summarizes the conference presentations in the following areas: Transportation, Land Use, and Air Quality Planning; Land Use Models; Travel Model Development and Calibration; Travel Model Applications - Part 1 and Part 2; Air Quality Applications; Statewide Planning - Multimodal and Intermodal; Statewide Planning - Highway Systems; ISTEA Management Systems; Alternatives Analysis; Transportation Data Collection; Roadway Planning; Transit Planning; and Partnerships in Transportation. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality management KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Applications KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Conferences KW - Data collection KW - Federal laws KW - Highway planning KW - Highway systems KW - Highways KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Land use models KW - Land use planning KW - Long term KW - Management KW - Management systems KW - Mathematical models KW - Methodology KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Multimodal transportation KW - National ambient air quality standards KW - Partnerships KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Regional planning KW - Short term KW - Standards KW - State planning KW - States KW - Time duration KW - Transit planning KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation system management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383874 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639921 AU - Wickstrom, G V AU - Milone, R J AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - TRANSPORTATION DEMAND IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVE LAND USE SCENARIOS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 65-93 AB - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) conducted a study to examine the impact of urban area development alternatives on the efficiency and transportation system performance in those areas. As part of this effort, several metropolitan areas were selected to conduct case studies. FHWA contracted with the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments to develop and analyze regional growth alternatives in the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area. Other areas selected were Denver, Dallas, Baltimore and Philadelphia. The purpose of the report is to compare the differences in travel by mode and transportation system performance between the land use alternatives selected. Data produced from the analysis will subsequently be used by FHWA's Office of Planning in their national program entitled "Ensuring the Efficiency of Urban Transportation Systems". As part of the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area case study, two alternative urban forms were identified as compatible with current regional development policies and were quantified, evaluated and compared to presently adopted plans and forecasts. One alternative would promote a closer balance between housing and employment growth in the region. The other would retain this emphasis, but also reinforce employment growth in areas of high transit use. Both alternatives would emphasize a more dense, compact regional form and maintain the emphasis on corridor development pattern. These alternatives are described more fully in the report. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Corridor development KW - Development KW - Employment KW - Forecasting KW - Housing KW - Housings KW - Impact studies KW - Land use KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Transportation corridors KW - Travel demand management KW - Urban areas KW - Washington Metropolitan Area UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383877 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639935 AU - McElroy, R S AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - NATIONAL LEVEL HIGHWAY INVESTMENT ANALYSIS: FOCUSING ON HIGHWAY USER IMPACTS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 351-360 AB - In 1989 the Chairman of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Public Works and Transportation called for the "Department of Transportation (DOT) to accelerate its efforts to examine the costs, benefits and national economic implications associated with a broad array of [highway] investment options". The recently developed Highway Economic Requirements System (HERS) will provide DOT with the capability to incorporate a highway user impact dimension into its evaluation of alternative national-level highway investment policy options. The HERS uses incremental life-cycle benefit/cost analysis to define the "near-optimal" cost effective set of appropriate improvement options given user defined policy scenarios. Traditional highway investment analysis asks the question: "What impact do system condition and performance have on highway users?" The Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) investment analysis model has been used to support Congressional development of highway programs and policies since 1980. While the HPMS is a highly regarded analytical tool, it relies heavily on engineering criteria in both its deficiency identification and improvement selection procedures. The HPMS is not particularly sensitive to the user cost consequences of alternative improvement options. In contrast, the HERS model is designed to select improvements that will reduce the total cost incurred by highway users and agencies while ensuring an acceptable economic return on the investment of public funds. The model recognizes reductions in direct user costs (travel-time, incidents and vehicle operating costs) as highway user benefits. Also considered as benefits are reductions in maintenance costs and the "residual value" of an improvement. This paper explores the unique features of the HERS modeling procedure, distinguishing them from the HPMS. Initial HERS results are presented and compared to comparable HPMS derived conclusions. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Conferences KW - Federal government KW - Highway Economic Requirements System KW - Highway performance monitoring system KW - Highway systems KW - Highway user costs KW - Highways KW - Investments KW - Life cycle costing KW - National transportation policies KW - Options KW - Transportation policy KW - United States KW - User benefits UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383891 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639936 AU - Guyton, J W AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - PLANNING TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 363-373 AB - Transportation planning endeavors often are long-range views of area-wide needs. But how does one evaluate 50-year needs on a national scale? In the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA), Congress directed a study to be made of a transcontinental transportation corridor to examine feasible multi-modal options for the 21st Century. This paper presents the study approach and some preliminary conclusions. The Transamerica Transportation Corridor (TTC) has a study area 3000 miles long and about 350 miles wide. The techniques utilized have application to other corridor studies and state-wide transportation planning. Intelligent Vehicle Highway Ssytems (IVHS), high speed rail, intermodal transport, and "missing" Interstate links are at the forefront of discussion today. But what are the realistic possibilities for a meaningful application of new or emerging modal, multi-modal, technological or joint use opportunities throughout the United States? Can they be brought to bear in a coast-to-coast transportation corridor? Can such concepts enhance the nation's economy? What are the long-term implications for transportation and to the environment? How can these issues be addressed while looking ahead half a century? Study of a possible new transcontinental transportation corridor is currently underway. While investigating an Interstate highway option from coast-to-coast, the study also addresses emerging technologies. The analyses then produce answers regarding which transportation concepts make sense, which are applicable to the designated corridor, and which are most practical and reasonable for implementation within 30 to 50 years. Urban area transportation studies and corridor planning studies constantly address the applications of micro techniques to macro questions and concerns. The TTC study has established a work program and techniques appropriate for an analysis of a corridor that is wider than most study corridors are long! Not since the planning of the Interstate highway system in the 1940s, has there been a comprehensive review with such strategic implications for transportation in the United States. This is more than a report on a traditional highway corridor project, even if one sets aside that it extends from Virginia to California. It illustrates how to analyze multi-regional transportation questions of the present -- and the future. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Conferences KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Options KW - Research KW - Studies KW - Study methods KW - Technological innovations KW - Transportation corridors KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383892 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639954 AU - Gamble, T AU - PEARSON, D AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - GROWTH ALLOCATION USING THE DELPHI PROCESS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 683-709 AB - This paper presents the methodology and results of the use of the Delphi process in allocating projections of households and employment to the zone level. As part of a project funded by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), a need was recognized for a simpler and faster procedure for developing demographic data at the zone level for travel demand modeling in smaller urban areas (populations less than 200,000). In many cases, these smaller areas do not have the financial or personnel resources to allocate growth using more sophisticated models or methods. An existing technique (the Delphi process) was modified to allocate projected growth at the zone level. A qualitative measure of each zone's growth potential relative to the other zones in the area was established using the Delphi process and used to allocate projections of population and employment. The Delphi process provides reasonable results in a short time frame, which accelerates the overall planning process. The Delphi process uses an iterative process working with a panel of local experts and involved citizens to reach a consensus. A pilot project was conducted in the Longview, Texas, area in the summer of 1992 to examine the ability of the Delphi to allocate future growth. The result of this pilot project was the allocation of the area's projected population and employment for the year 2015 to 219 traffic analysis zones. A three-tiered process was employed beginning with the allocation of the projected growth to six districts, then disaggregating the district allocations to 35 areas, and finally allocating the area's growth to the 219 traffic analysis zones. The duration of the process from the first meeting with the panel to the formal adoption of the zone allocations by the Longview area Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) was less than three months. Benefits of the Delphi process include reduced costs to the MPO in both time and money; social, political, and legal advantages of basing the allocations on a panel consensus; and involving members of local agencies and committees in the allocation of projected socioeconomic data. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Benefits KW - Conferences KW - Delphi method KW - Demographics KW - Employment KW - Forecasting KW - Growth allocation KW - Households KW - Longview (Texas) KW - Mathematical models KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Population growth KW - Public participation KW - Small cities KW - Traffic analysis zones KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Travel demand KW - Urban areas KW - Zones UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383909 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639955 AU - Marshall, N L AU - Lawe, SJC AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - LAND USE ALLOCATION MODELS FOR MULTI-COUNTY URBAN AND SUBURBAN AREAS PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 711-722 AB - Long-term transportation planning depends on future land use forecasts. However, the location of future land use is also dependent on the transportation system. Areas made more accessible through highway and transit improvements tend to develop to a greater extent than they would have otherwise. Therefore, transportation planning should be based on linked land use/transportation network models. Operational land use models were first developed by Lowry in the 1960s. Putman linked land use models to transportation network models in the 1970s. These Lowry/Putman models have been applied to many large urban areas in the United States. Recently, versions of the Lowry model have been added to microcomputer network modeling packages. The authors have developed land use models for two multi-county areas: the four-county Tampa Bay region in Florida, and the three-county seacoast region of New Hampshire and Maine. These regions offer planning challenges that are common to other growth areas. In both regions, several different regional planning organizations are responsible for land use planning. As development pressure continues, areas between old urban centers fill in. Transportation improvements that are directed at alleviating congestion in these areas appear to accelerate the rate of in-fill, causing unexpected increases in traffic volumes. The authors have updated the Lowry/Putman model structure to better represent suburban growth areas in the 1990s. Instead of designating "primary" and "secondary" employment, employment is categorized as retail, commercial, or industrial. Instead of housing location being determined by the workplace of the "primary worker", locational choice is based on the generalized accessibility to all destinations. Generalized accessibility is calculated using a nested logit formulation, so that land use allocation incorporates transit accessibility. In a final enhancement, the effects of regulation on land use development are explicitly incorporated into the model structure. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Accessibility KW - Allocation models KW - Conferences KW - Cost allocation KW - Employment KW - Land use KW - Land use models KW - Logits KW - Mathematical models KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383910 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639968 AU - Lee, R AU - Moriarty, J A AU - Dock, F C AU - Fish, C A AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - TRANSFERABLE ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING THE EMISSIONS AND VMT REDUCTIONS FROM TRANSIT RELATED TRANSPORTATION CONTROL MEASURES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 985-996 AB - The Regional Transportation Authority (RTA) of Northeastern Illinois entered into a contract with Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc., in association with Cambridge Systematics and Beata Welsh to develop the analytical techniques and provide the software and training for analysis of a range of transit related transportation control measures (TCMs). The purpose of the project was to develop transferable and "technically defensible" estimation techniques (models) for assessing the emissions and VMT reductions of a variety of transit related TCMs. These microcomputer based estimation techniques will be used to analyze proposed TCM projects for inclusion in the mobile source component of the State Implementation Plan (SIP). These modeling techniques were also seen as a means to evaluate projects for funding under the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality program of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act. This project was undertaken to provide a means to assess the air quality impacts of transit projects. Many of the project types identified in the U.S. EPA TCM guidance are not amenable to analysis by regional air quality and travel demand models. There was a need to develop an analytical tool that could address transit projects that were short-range or operational in nature. The RTA, as the agency charged with providing comprehensive planning for the region's transit system, is taking a lead role in developing the transit related TCMs for the Chicago region's mobile source component of the SIP. A Transit TCM Technical Committee was established to identify projects for analysis, coordinate data collection and review the consultant's products. The committee was composed of staff from the RTA, its Service Boards: The Chicago Transit Authority, Metra, the commuter rail division, and Pace, the suburban bus division; the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency; the Illinois Department of Transportation; and the Chicago Area Transportation Study, the region's metropolitan planning organization. This interagency approach was important to developing a methodology that would be useful to the region's transit, air quality and transportation planning agencies. One of the goals of the project was to share results, methodology and software with the Service Boards. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality KW - Air quality management KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Chicago (Illinois) KW - Conferences KW - Districts and authorities KW - Estimating KW - Exhaust gases KW - Illinois KW - Impact studies KW - Interagency relations KW - Mobile sources KW - Plan implementation KW - Programming (Planning) KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Software KW - State government agencies KW - State implementation plans KW - Transit projects KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383923 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639969 AU - HOLDSTOCK, D A AU - Nichols, F AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - UTILIZING A GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR A ROADWAY IMPROVEMENT PLANNING STUDY ON THE SOUTHERN STATE PARKWAY CORRIDOR, LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 999-1006 AB - The Southern State Parkway is a controlled-access east-west highway carrying non-commercial traffic through Queens, Nassau and Suffolk counties. Construction occurred in two phases during the 1920s and 1950s. The parkway today has many safety and operational deficiencies, and high traffic volumes diminish the levels of service during much of the workday, a condition that is expected to worsen if improvements are not made. Parsons Brinckerhoff was retained to identify existing and future highway problems and develop and evaluate a range of solutions. Geographic information system (GIS) technology was used to assist in the technical investigations as this approach offered a suitable mechanism for the storage, retrieval, analysis and display of the parkway's geographically-referenced features and its associated attributes. The objectives of the GIS effort were to: (1) Illustrate and maintain a database of the existing travel patterns of motorists using the Southern State Parkway - an origin-destination survey of motorists entering the parkway was conducted and survey data were stored in the relational data base; (2) Geographically reference records (1989 to 1991) of accidents occurring on the parkway by tenths of a mile, and identify and depict major areas of concern; (3) Incorporate the New York Metropolitan Transportation Council's (NYMTC's) square-mile-grid data of base year and projected vehicle trip-end data; (4) Create a link between TRANPLAN and ARC/INFO to update Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) volumes for alternatives under evaluation, and, in turn, automate the production of report-quality graphics; and (5) Import digital Intergraph files of the project area to use in conjunction with raster images of 7.5 quad sheets as a backdrop for visual identification of environmental constraints. The application of GIS technology proved to be useful on several fronts. Thematic mapping illustrated the general travel patterns of motorists using the Southern State Parkway. Dynamic segmentation provided the only mechanism for automatically locating and depicting accident records along the digital highway coverage. NYMTC square-mile-grid data were incorporated into ARC/INFO and trip end data displayed. Intergraph street base mapping was converted into ARC/INFO and used for report graphics. A link was created between TRANPLAN and ARC/INFO which facilitated an automated graphics production of the different AADT scenarios. 7.5 Quad sheet images were rectified and used as an environmental backdrop. The application of GIS technology and associated spatial techniques greatly assisted in the development and evaluation of roadway improvement alternatives. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Annual average daily traffic KW - Conferences KW - Crash locations KW - Digital maps KW - Digital photo map KW - Geographic information systems KW - Graphics KW - High risk locations KW - Highways KW - Improvements KW - Long Island (New York) KW - Origin and destination KW - Parkways KW - Planning KW - Travel patterns KW - Trip end data UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383924 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639972 AU - Dowling, R G AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - INTERFACING TRANSPORTATION PLANNING MODELS WITH TRAFFIC ENGINEERING SOFTWARE PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1041-66 AB - Recent state and federal clean air and congestion management legislation have increased the need for transportation engineers to be able to conduct detailed traffic operations analysis of their long range traffic forecasts. TRANPLAN, MINUTP, SYSTEM2, TMODEL/2 and EMME/2 all have available custom-made routines for analyzing the level of service of individual intersections. These routines, however, usually address only individual signalized intersections and offer only a limited selection of analysis methods. Some routines do not even perform 1985 Highway Capacity Manual operations analysis of signalized intersections. None are capable of analyzing signal or freeway systems. Many excellent operations analysis programs such as TRANSYT, PASSER, HCS, FREQ, and NETSIM are consequently unavailable to transportation planners because of the lack of a generalized interface to these programs. This paper explores various approaches for linking transportation planning software to commonly available traffic operations software. Current practice and available techniques are discussed and critiqued. Performance criteria and data specifications are proposed for a general purpose interfacing program that would allow users to: (1) Input traffic forecasts and geometric data from transportation planning software into commonly available traffic operations software; (2) Process the data in the traffic operations software; and (3) Feed back the refined speed and delay forecasts into the transportation planning software. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Long term KW - Mathematical models KW - Software KW - Time duration KW - Traffic engineering KW - Traffic estimation KW - Traffic forecasts KW - Traffic operations analysis KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383927 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639925 AU - Siaurusaitis, V J AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - INTERMODAL PLANNING UTILIZING TRAVEL DEMAND FORECASTING METHODS: NEW JERSEY HUDSON RIVER WATERFRONT STUDY PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 171-181 AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) has introduced new legislation that focuses on increasing the efficiency of the existing transportation infrastructure and facilities. No longer can the increase in efficiency depend solely upon the expansion of the system but a shift towards understanding intermodal activity is necessary to improve the system. There is a great deal of discussion on the definitions of intermodal and multimodal modeling. Intermodal has been defined as the "transfer point" of goods or people from one point to the next. Multimodal is defined as the options in modes that are available to the user to move goods or people from one point to the next. It is obvious that both definitions, while describing a different portion of the overall trip, are very much related in the completion of a goods or person trip. This paper focuses on the movement of person trips as they relate to the development of travel demand models. Travel demand models have been used for many years to synthesize and predict person trips and their movements. The four step planning process of trip generation, trip distribution, modal split, and assignment has allowed transportation planners to make estimates as to the volume and distribution of person trips as they move across simulated highway and transit networks. The intermodal aspects of transportation modeling allow for the development of the networks to allow for considerable detail in the review and analysis of the transfer characteristics between modes. A project is currently underway for the Hudson County Waterfront, Hudson County, New Jersey by New Jersey Transit (NJT). This Alternatives Analysis/Draft Environmental Impact Statement for Hudson County contains a variety of transit options for person movements in the Northern New Jersey-New York metropolitan area, and is an excellent example for the understanding of intermodal activity. The size and intermodal complexity of the study provided for the development of a detailed intermodal reporting system which could later be used to better address the needs of the intermodal passenger. The study was conducted using the COMSIS MINUTP travel demand forecasting software which permitted the detailed development and coding of transit and highway options for the study. This paper explains in detail the steps required to develop the network and modeling detail to better understand intermodal activity. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Definitions KW - Forecasting KW - Hudson County (New Jersey) KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Mathematical models KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Passenger transportation KW - Software KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - Waterfronts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383881 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639932 AU - Miller, E M AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - TRANSPORTATION MODELING APPLICATIONS IN A WINDOWS BASED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 305-320 AB - Geographic Information System (GIS) Technology has become a powerful and established tool for transportation modeling and planning applications. GIS offers spatial analysis features crucial to transportation engineering by associating data to actual locations on the earth's surface. Standard GIS software offers more robust analysis and display capabilities absent from traditional transportation planning packages. Standard GIS packages, however, were not written necessarily with the transportation engineer in mind. A GIS describes the world in terms of longitudes and latitudes and other projection systems consisting of a hierarchical structure of graphical objects. The typical GIS represents the world as a map. The concept of a network, fundamental to transportation modeling, is foreign to most GIS packages. Modeling packages describe the world mathematically in terms of a network consisting of nodes and links. What is needed is a methodology to relate this abstract representation to a more realistic portrayal of a transportation system which can be accomplished by establishing a bridge between GIS and modeling packages. With the advent of affordable, powerful, personal computers, powerful GIS technology has entered the desktop realm of computing. Windows provides an ideal environment for both the developer and end user of GIS technology. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) for a GIS makes it usable for the novice computer user. From a developer's viewpoint, the Windows environment provides the necessary tools and framework to introduce modeling concepts into a standard GIS. Standardized dialogs, output device drivers, and lines of communication through Dynamic Link Libraries, Dynamic Data Exchanges, and multitasking capabilities create an effective bridge which is transparent to the end user. This paper describes the interface of a Windows Based GIS, MapInfo for Windows, with a traditional modeling package, COMSIS MINUTP travel demand forecasting software. A framework was developed that enables communication between two distinct packages. Specific projects are presented which utilized these techniques to perform core planning and modeling functions within a GIS including thematic display of land use, origin-destination, and travel data; direct development of highway and transit networks on TIGER base maps; and display of assignment and other output from transportation models. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Forecasting KW - Geographic information systems KW - Graphical user interfaces KW - Land use KW - Mathematical models KW - Origin and destination KW - Personal computers KW - Software KW - Traffic assignment KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - User interfaces (Computer science) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383888 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639939 AU - DeCorla-Souza, P AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - COMPARING COST-EFFECTIVENESS ACROSS MODES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 411-426 AB - The flexibility provisions of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) require Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) in cooperation with States and transit operators to make funding decisions among alternative transportation solutions involving more than a single mode. With little past experience in cross-modal evaluation, MPOs will need to develop the ability to make cost-efficiency and cost-effectiveness comparisons across modes at the project and system level. New ISTEA requirements for Congestion Management Systems and for considering multiple factors in metropolitan planning and programming will further increase the importance of multi-modal evaluation capabilities. Cost-effectiveness is listed as an objective for use of Federal funds in several places in ISTEA. In the past, MPOs have seldom used cost-efficiency measures to compare projects or alternative systems. Also, they have usually compared solutions using measures of effectiveness which are uniquely applicable to a specific mode. For example, a measure of highway project effectiveness used often is improvement in highway level of service or highway speed. Transit project effectiveness, on the other hand, is often measured by increase in transit ridership. If highway and transit solutions are to be compared, common measures of effectiveness applicable across modes will have to be used. Also, if cost-efficiency measures are to be emphasized, costs and benefits (including social and environmental costs and benefits) will need to be converted to dollar terms to the extent feasible. These cross-modal comparisons require development of a new evaluation framework which allows full accounting of all costs (i.e., public, private and social) and which includes measures of effectiveness that can be applied across modes. MPOs will have to attempt quantification of the impacts and true costs of transportation alternatives to assist decision-makers in making the tradeoffs between alternatives. This paper provides a case study demonstrating how comparisons can be made among investments for three alternative modes -- single-occupant vehicle (SOV), high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) and transit, based on cost-effectiveness measures such as (1) public costs per commute trip and (2) total costs (i.e., public, private and social costs) per commute trip. Comparisons are made for commute trips between nine pairs of work and home locations involving three urban location/design categories: Central Business District (CBD), urban core and fringe in a typical large urban area (population more than 1 million). The results of the analysis suggest that disparities in cost-effectiveness among modes vary significantly by employment/residence location combination. The paper discusses the policy implications of the disparities among modes. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Benefits KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Costs KW - Decision making KW - Environmental impacts KW - Externalities KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Public transit KW - Quantifying KW - Quantitative analysis KW - Residential location KW - Single occupant vehicles KW - Transportation modes KW - Transportation policy KW - Workplaces UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383895 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639950 AU - Hartgen, D T AU - Li, Yixuan AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - GIS APPLICATIONS TO TRANSPORTATION CORRIDOR PLANNING PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 607-630 AB - Geographic information system (GIS) applications to large transportation corridor planning are reviewed in two cases: a large multi-city urban region considering a major regional ring road, and a 120-mile 10-county rural corridor recently upgraded to interstate status. In both cases, the use of a transportation-oriented GIS, TransCAD, was found to greatly facilitate the display and understanding of information and the decision-making process. A wide variety of GIS procedures--data display, buffering, opinion surveys, traffic statistics, land use patterns, and traditional modeling--were found to be applicable. Examples are shown of how the use of the GIS added "value" to decision-making, at a reasonable investment in time and effort by agency and support staff. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Decision making KW - Geographic information systems KW - Transportation corridors KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383906 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639958 AU - Treadway, T B AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - SMALL SCALE STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLE HOME INTERVIEW SURVEY FOR THE PITTSBURGH REGION PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 779-795 AB - In 1990, the Southwestern Pennsylvania Regional Planning Commission (SPRPC) designed and conducted a small scale home interview survey. There was a need to revise the variables and structure in the trip production model. It was also necessary to collect recent household data to validate the home base work and home base other trip production rates. A revised trip production model was first developed from home interview data obtained in the late 1970s. Trip rates for home based work and home based other trips were stratified by household size and auto ownership. In an effort to maintain a structure accounting for significant variation but minimizing the total number of cells, a model containing 15 cells was developed. This structure formed the basis of the 1990 stratified sample home interview survey. The goal was to obtain 30 observations for each cell requiring a total of 450 households to be surveyed. A consultant was hired to initially obtain households to agree to participate in the survey. SPRPC staff were responsible for the other aspects such as designing the survey forms, mailing them to the selected households, following up on survey responses, and processing the data. As was not unexpected, there were difficulties in meeting the objective of 30 observations for all 15 cells. Therefore, the number of cells was reduced to 12 with a minimum number of observations of 25 per cell. 1990 trip rates by the 12 cells were then compared to 1980 rates recalculated to the same cell structure. A statistical analysis was performed to check for significant differences, by cell, between 1980 and 1990 trip rates. It was concluded that home based work trip production rates did not significantly change. However, there was a significant increase in home based other trip productions per household. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Automobile ownership KW - Conferences KW - Data collection KW - Household size KW - Households KW - Interviewing KW - Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) KW - Revisions KW - Statistical analysis KW - Surveys KW - Trip generation KW - Trip rate UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383913 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639965 AU - DeCorla-Souza, P AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - CONGESTION PRICING: ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 941-945 AB - Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) considering the adoption of a congestion pricing policy need to clearly understand several aspects of congestion pricing: (1) What is the rationale for congestion pricing? How does it differ from the traditional fuel tax? (2) How effective is congestion pricing with respect to the MPOs' objectives? (3) What are the critical issues and concerns which must be addressed before implementation can proceed? (4) What types of congestion pricing applications are reasonable in the short term and in the long term? This paper addresses these questions and offers some thoughts on how MPOs can proceed towards implementing this strategy. An MPO may seek to use congestion pricing as a means to achieve any or all of the following objectives: (1) manage congestion; (2) improve air quality; (3) secure adequate funding for transportation investments and services. The paper demonstrates a sketch planning procedure to analyze a congested urban area of about 1.5 million population in order to estimate effectiveness of congestion pricing with respect to the above objectives. The major issues with respect to implementation may be categorized as either technical or political. The paper discusses the major technical issues -- technological compatibility among geographic areas and modes, enforcement, privacy, price determination, and estimation of the impacts of alternatives. Use of the conventional four-step travel demand forecasting models to estimate impacts is demonstrated with a dataset for a small hypothetical urban area. The paper also discusses the political issues, i.e., public acceptance and interjurisdictional cooperation, and a three pronged strategy to help develop public support based on use of revenues from tolls. Congestion pricing can be applied at three successively larger scales: on a facility, within an area or sub-area of the region, and regionwide. The paper discusses how urban areas could begin to test the impacts of differential pricing on existing and new facilities. Also discussed is area pricing, involving pricing within a small geographic area such as a Central Business District or a major suburban activity center, which may be introduced through licensing schemes, cordon tolls or parking pricing. The prospects for regional scale application are projected. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Air quality management KW - Area pricing KW - Conferences KW - Congestion pricing KW - Effectiveness KW - Forecasting KW - Highway traffic control KW - Impact studies KW - Implementation KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Political factors KW - Public relations KW - Public support KW - Revenues KW - Sketch planning KW - Sketch planning techniques KW - Travel demand KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383920 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00639976 AU - Beck, S AU - Andriola, T AU - Faris (Jerry M) TI - THE USE OF A GIS IN THE STUDY OF THE LOCATION AND FEASIBILITY OF A MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRANSIT SYSTEM WITHIN THE BALTIMORE-WASHINGTON CORRIDOR PY - 1993/09 SP - p. 1113-20 AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) provides for the development of a domestic prototype Maglev system in six years. While Maglev technology is generally regarded as feasible in this time frame, site-specific route and alignment studies are needed to assess economic viability, rights-of-way compatibility, and environmental impacts. Selection of a suitable corridor for implementation of the ISTEA prototype is essential to the assessment and success of a domestic Maglev system. KCI Technologies, in association with Martin Marietta Corporation and a number of other firms, is conducting a location and feasibility study to evaluate the 10-mile-wide Baltimore-Washington corridor with respect to the Prototype Development Program authorized under ISTEA. This location and feasibility study is being conducted in three phases. The initial and iterative phases characterize potential corridors in terms of: Maglev technologies, alignment geometries, environmental impacts, operations scenarios, ridership revenues, life-cycle costs and cost-effectiveness measures. The evaluation phase consists of a disciplined analysis and assessment of viable corridors with respect to ISTEA factors. This paper discusses the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) as a tool for collecting, organizing, evaluating and displaying environmental data for this project. Emphasis is placed upon the design and implementation of databases and digital maps and the development of project-specific applications. Also discussed is the interface between the GIS and Martin Marietta's Ground Transportation Analysis System, a modelling tool for collecting and evaluating route alignment information along transportation corridors at the planning scale. U1 - 4th National Conference on Transportation Planning Methods Applications, Volumes I and II. A Compendium of PapersTransportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation.Daytona Beach, Florida StartDate:19930503 EndDate:19930507 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board Committee on Transportation Planning Applications - A1C07; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration; McTrans Center, University of Florida; and hosted by the Florida Department of Transportation. KW - Alignment KW - Baltimore-Washington Corridor KW - Conferences KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Digital mapping KW - Environment KW - Environmental data KW - Environmental impacts KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Geographic information systems KW - Information organization KW - Life cycle costing KW - Location KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Prototypes KW - Rail transit KW - Revenues KW - Route choice KW - Transportation corridors KW - Washington Metropolitan Area UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/383931 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640055 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - ACCESS TO OPPORTUNITY. A STUDY OF REVERSE COMMUTE PROGRAMS PY - 1993/09 SP - 58 p. AB - This report provides an overview of the information available on reverse commuting particularly as it involves public transit agencies. Abstracts of about two dozen reports, articles and other documents provide a basic list of resources with details about the reverse commute phenomenon, its casuses and possible solutions. The report also summarizes the results of a recent survey of APTA transit system members across the North American continent, as well as others who provide reverse commute services. More that 50 programs are described, in various stages of implementation, and serving a variety of riders as a natural outgrowth of current service, in response to reverse commute needs, or as part of a larger program, such as employment programs or clean air compliance. Service areas, fares, number of riders and vehicles, and incentives are reported for most programs. Advice for those beginning reverse commute programs, marketing strategies, and local issues that affect a program's success are also discussed. Additionally, a list of people returning reverse commute surveys provides a valuable resource for anyone wanting to know details about a particular reverse commute service. KW - Bibliographies KW - Commuter service KW - Commuting KW - Public transit KW - Reports KW - Reverse commuting KW - Survey reports KW - Surveys KW - Transit operators KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380883 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638181 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RURAL PUBLIC AND INTERCITY BUS TRANSPORTATION: A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS PY - 1993/09 SP - 136 p. AB - This bibliography was prepared for the 11th National Conference on Rural Public and Intercity Bus Transportation held in Park City, Utah on 26-29 September 1993. The referances included in this bibliography have been retrieved from the Urban Mass Transportation Information Service (UMTRIS) database, a subfile of TRIS, the Transportation Research Information Service. It contains a TRIS literature search on rural and specialized transportation, 1988-1993. The bibliography contains both abstracts of completed research and summaries of ongoing research. The abstracts are categorized by topic, and each topic field is divided into FTA-sponsored research and non FTA-sponsored research. KW - Bibliographies KW - Guides to the literature KW - Literature reviews KW - Rural transit KW - Special service UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380233 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641751 AU - Creasey, W A AU - Goldberg, R B AU - Information Ventures, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS DUE TO MAGLEV AND OTHER ELECTRIC RAIL SYSTEMS PY - 1993/08/01 SP - 84 p. AB - The safety of magnetically-levitated (maglev) and high-speed rail (HSR) trains proposed for use in the United States is the responsibility of the Federal Railway Administration. There are concerns for physical safety associated with equipment operation and high-voltage currents, and for potential adverse health effects on transportation workers and the public from the elctric and magnetic fields (EMF) produced in the Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) range (3-3,000 Hz). This report outlines research on the biological and health effects of EMF most relevant to fields generated by maglev and HSR systems. Among the conclusions are: epidemiologic results suggest a low-level health risk for power-line frequency ELF EMF which is, at present, the most relevant risk to ascribe to maglev systems; bioeffects may occur at specific window frequencies and intensities; of effects ascribed to EMF, the most convincing are altered circadian rhythms of melatonin secretion, modulation of transmembrane calcium transport, slight increases in the risks for some rare cancers, and mild behavioral disturbances; occupational categories used as the basis for epidemiologic studies need better definition in terms of the characteristics of EMF exposure; and, there is need to improve bioassay systems and test maglev-type fields on them. KW - Biological effects KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Electrostatics KW - Environmental impacts KW - Epidemiology KW - Health hazards KW - High speed rail KW - Living things KW - Low frequencies KW - Low frequency KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Transmission lines UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381166 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639200 AU - Dietrich, F M AU - Feero, W E AU - Jacobs, W L AU - Electric Research and Management, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: COMPARISON OF MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELDS OF CONVENTIONAL AND ADVANCED ELECTRIFIED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS PY - 1993/08 SP - 70 p. AB - The safety of magnetically levitated (maglev) and high speed rail (HSR) passenger trains proposed for application in the United States is the responsibility of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). Plans for near future US applications include maglev projects (e.g. in Orlando, FL and Pittsburgh, PA) and high speed rail (the French Train, a Grande Vitesse (TGV) in the Texas Triangle). This report summarizes and compares the results of a survey of EMF characteristics for representative conventional railroad and transit and advanced high-speed systems including: the German TR-07 maglev system; the Amtrak Northeast Corridor (NEC) and North Jersey Transit (NJT) trains; the Washington, DC Metrorail (WMATA) and the Boston, MA (MBTA) transit systems; and the French TGV-A high speed rail system. KW - Alternating current KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Direct current KW - Electric fields KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Guided vehicles KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Passenger trains KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380587 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666426 AU - Hunter-Zaworski, K M AU - Hron, M AU - Oregon State University, Corvallis AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - IMPROVING BUS ACCESSIBILITY SYSTEMS FOR PERSONS WITH SENSORY AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/08 SP - 134 p. AB - The study examines access issues relating to persons with sensory and cognitive impairments in fixed route applications. There are four main goals of the report: 1) To determine existing technologies, operating policies, and training programs that are currently being used by transit agencies in North America to accommodate individuals with sensory and cognitive disabilities; 2) To examine the technological and operational needs where there are problems of transit access for individuals with disabilities which are not currently being addressed; 3) To specify design guidelines and conceptual designs that solve problems of transit access for individuals with disabilities; and 4) To specify operating policy and training program modifications to increase transit access for individuals with disabilities. KW - Accessibility KW - Bus transportation KW - Cognitive impairment KW - Design KW - Design features KW - Disabled people KW - Motor skills KW - Needs assessment KW - Operational analysis KW - Operations KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Physical disabilities KW - Sensory impairment KW - Special user groups KW - Technology assessment KW - Training programs UR - http://www.bts.gov/NTL/DOCS/sci.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6400/6431/sci.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405921 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664663 AU - Hall, P AU - Sands, B AU - Streeter, W AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - MANAGING THE SUBURBAN COMMUTE: A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON OF THREE METROPOLITAN AREAS PY - 1993/08 SP - 64 p. AB - In the United States, suburbanization of population and employment has until recently been regarded as outside control, but some attempts have been made to mitigate the transportation consequences through Transportation Systems Management (TSM); more recently, there have been a few well publicized experiments, notably in California, to develop new, alternative transit-based suburbs. In Europe, there has been a much more proactive tradition of land use control, positive regional growth strategies, and both capital and revenue subsidy for transit. The purpose of the present research is to answer the following: whether the different European approaches have produced significantly different commuting patterns, either in the overall pattern of commuter trips or in the modal split, and whether any of them has shown achievement or promise in mitigating the phenomenon of suburban gridlock. This study proposed to throw light on the above by a systematic study of three representative urban areas: the San Francisco Bay area; the Rhine-Main area of Germany, a polycentric metropolitan area based on the cities of Frankfurt am Main, Wiesbaden and Mainz, and Offenbach and Darmstadt; and the Region Ile-de-France, the metropolitan area around Paris. KW - City planning KW - Commuting KW - Land use KW - Mobility KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation system management KW - Travel patterns KW - Urban areas KW - Urban transportation UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/177.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405379 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00644029 JO - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DECISIONMAKER PB - United States Conference of Mayors AU - United States Conference of Mayors AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DECISIONMAKER. A JOURNAL FOR LOCAL AND STATE POLICYMAKERS PY - 1993/08 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 33 p. AB - This is the second issue of 'Public Transportation Decisionmaker'. The journal is designed to meet the needs of mayors, county officials, state legislators, state secretaries of transportation and all other decisionmakers involved in transportation issues. This issue includes an article by the Secretary of Transportation, Federico Pena. It includes, what will become a regular feature of the journal, an article from a member of the Advisory Board organization; in this issue, Jack Gilstrap, Executive Vice President of the American Public Transit Administration. Other topics covered include an assessment of the interstate highway system relative to public transportation and a counterpoint article; a discussion of pros and cons of competitive contracting for transit services; an article on the implications of the Clean Air Act; information on the proposed new planing rules; and, a case study on commuter rail in the Seattle region. KW - Clean Air Act KW - Competitive bidding KW - Interstate Highway System KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit KW - Railroad commuter service UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/389126 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643574 AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - AMERICA ON THE MOVE PY - 1993/08 SP - 45 p. AB - America is on the move today, in many ways. This publication describes the highway and transit programs that support that mobility. The contents are organized in the following sections: Introduction (highway history; transit history); Surface Transportation Programs (general); Federal-Aid Programs (highway related programs; transit related programs; intermodal programs; supportive programs); Eligible Uses of Surface Transportation Program Funds (major eligible activities; other eligible activities); How Surface Transportation Programs Are Financed (financing process; Highway Trust Fund; alternative financing); and How the Program Operates (program development activities; project development activities; management and operation). KW - Federal aid KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Ground transportation KW - Highway planning KW - Highway programs KW - Highway Trust Fund KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Mobility KW - Program management KW - Project management KW - Public transit KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386069 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643932 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - REVIEW OF THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1993/08 SP - 75 p. AB - This formal, comprehensive review of the planning process in the Southern California metropolitan area, conducted by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) headquarters and field staff, with input from state, regional and local transportation entities, takes place of the 1992 planning review of the Southern California Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) which otherwise would be conducted by FHWA field and FTA regional staff. The planning activities conducted by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) were carried out in accordance with FHWA and FTA regulations, policies, and procedures in effect at the time of the review. However, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), which became law after the site review was conducted, necessitates major changes in the planning process and will require formal federal certification of the planning process. This report provides suggestions to strengthen the process in developing the next long-range transportation plan, Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), and State Implementation Plan (SIP). This review will also assist the Southern California metropolitan area to meet the evolving requirements of ISTEA, and in particular, to prepare for future formal certification. KW - City planning KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Public participation KW - Regional transportation KW - State departments of transportation KW - Transportation Improvement Program KW - Transportation improvement program/tip KW - Transportation planning UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/4000/4300/4302/44.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386223 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641750 AU - Goellner, D AU - Wilson, B AU - R eiter, R AU - Pilla, A AU - Hankin, N AU - Gillette, L AU - Hostage, B AU - Environmental Protection Agency AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. BROADBAND MAGNETIC FIELDS: THEIR POSSIBLE ROLE IN EMF-ASSOCIATED BIOEFFECTS PY - 1993/08 SP - 220 p. AB - This report reviews electric and magnetic field (EMF) exposures from electrical transportation systems, including electrically powered rail and magnetic levitation (maglev). Material also covered includes research concerning biological effects of EMF exposure, with special emphasis on broad spectrum or broadband magnetic fields. A primary objective of this report was to consider, based on present knowledge, the potential for adverse health effects from maglev-associated EMF. Because maglev technology is known to generate magnetic fields at a variety of frequences, this document addresses the broadband EMF frequency characteristics (including pulses, intermittent fields, and other transient phenomena). One objective of this review was to consider whether, based on present knowledge, exposure to maglev-associated magnetic fields would warrant any special consideration related to possible adverse health effects. There may be unique combinations of ac and dc fields associated with maglev operation, but there is no evidence that such combinations have any special properties in terms of their potential EMF biological effects. From currently available occupational epidemiological data for electrical transport workers, available clinical and laboratory data on EMF biological effects, and available information on maglev-generated magnetic fields, it is concluded that maglev is not likely to represent greater risk, if any, than that from electrical transport systems already in use. KW - Biological effects KW - Broadband KW - Crash exposure KW - Electric trains KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Environmental impacts KW - Epidemiology KW - Exposure KW - Health hazards KW - High speed ground vehicles KW - High speed vehicles KW - Living things KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Occupational safety KW - Weather conditions UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381165 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640095 AU - Goldberg, R B AU - Creasey, W A AU - Foster, K R AU - Argonne National Laboratory AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND MECHANISMS RELEVANT TO EMF EXPOSURES FROM MASS TRANSIT AND ELECTRIC RAIL SYSTEMS PY - 1993/08 SP - 176 p. AB - The U.S. has implemented a national initiative to develop maglev and other high-speed rail (HSR) systems. There are concerns for potential adverse health effects of the Extremely Low Frequency (3-3,000 Hz) electric and magnetic fields (EMF) produced by these systems. The Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs is assisting the Federal Railroad Administration address these concerns; this comprehensive review is part of that effort. It outlines magnetic field exposure measurements of the TR-07 German maglev system compared with other HSR and conventional systems. Reported biological and health effects of EMF are reviewed, and their significance assessed in relation to the characteristics of fields generated by maglev and HSR systems. Among the conclusions: maglev emissions are unique in their patterns and time-varying intensities but flux densities fall within exposure guidelines; epidemiologic results suggest a low level health risk for power-line frequency EMF, at present the most relevant risk to ascribe to maglev systems; bioeffects may occur at specific window frequencies and intensities; the most convincing effects ascribed to EMF are altered circadian rhythms of melatonin secretion, modulation of transmembrane calcium transport, slight increases in the risks for some rare cancers, and mild behavioral disturbances. KW - Biological effects KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Environmental impacts KW - Epidemiology KW - Health hazards KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Living things KW - Low frequency KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380904 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640094 AU - Groh, K R AU - Argonne National Laboratory AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MAGLEV MAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURES PY - 1993/08 SP - 56 p. AB - This report describes selected biological effects on transformed human cell lines and on rats from exposure to simulated maglev magnetic fields (MFs). Rats (n = 6 per group) were exposed at various times throughout the 24-h day to MFs simulating the dc and complex ac components of the German TransRapid TR-07 maglev prototype vehicle. Expected ride times as long as 4 h and MF intensities from 50-1500 mG measured for the TR-07 were tested, up to MF levels predicted for superconducting magnet-powered maglev vehicle compartments (1 mG-1.75 G). Maglev-like MF exposures up to 7 times the intensity produced by the TR-07 had no effect on cultured growth of four human cell lines or chemically induced differentiation compared to control, unexposed cultures. Changes in the amount of rat pineal melatonin and seretonin-N-acetyltransferase (NAT), which have been shown by others to be decreased under a range of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure frequencies and intensities, were not observed for TR-07-like MFs. Intermittent exposure to de-component maglev MFs (1-2 G) significantly depressed nighttime (control) levels of NAT, with weak effects on melatonin and NAT seen with 1- to 2-G-intensity intermittent (ac component alone) and continuous maglev (ac + dc) MF exposures. These results should be further examined, since they suggest that as component TR-07-like MFs and time-varying EMFs at superconducting maglev intensities produce biological effects. KW - Biological effects KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Environmental impacts KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Impacts KW - Living things KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Neurology KW - Neurotransmitter effects KW - Railroad electrification KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380903 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639236 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INTRODUCTION TO THE SECTION 15 PROGRAM, THE NATIONAL TRANSIT DATABASE. BROCHURE PY - 1993/07/30 SP - 12 p. AB - This brochure is an introduction to the FTA Section 15 program. The program is the FTA's national database of statistics for the transit industry. It is officially called "The Uniform System of Accounts and Records and Reporting System" and is authorized under Section 15 of the Federal Transit Act. As specified in the Act, the FTA has established both a system to record standardized public mass transportation financial and operating data, and a national reporting system for these statistics. In addition, FTA has developed an extensive database of transit information that is available to the public. Basically, Section 15 provides a unique national source of standardized and comprehensive data for use by all transit industry constituencies.. KW - Accounting KW - Bus transit KW - Decision making KW - Financial analysis KW - Fta section 15 KW - Industries KW - Management KW - Operating costs KW - Paratransit services KW - Planning KW - Policy analysis KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit KW - Reporting system KW - Ridership KW - Safety KW - Special service KW - Statistics KW - Transportation equipment industry UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380602 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639241 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT HALF-FARE POLICIES FOR THE ELDERLY AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES. SECTION 3047 OF THE INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1991 (ISTEA) PY - 1993/07/01 SP - 12 p. AB - This report to Congress is required by Section 3047 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). Section 3047 states, in part, "The Secretary shall conduct a study of procedures for determining dissability for the purpose of obtaining off peak reduced fares under Section 5(m) of the Federal Transit Act. The study should review different requirements, degree of uniformity, and degree of reciprocity between systems." This 12 page report examines transit systems as to whether or not transit half-fare policies for elderly and disabled patrons are uniform, and whether or not eligibility criteria are consistent. Data was collected from a 1991 National Easter Seals Society study that analyzed transit operations nationwide. The primary focus of the data collection effort was to identify the extent to which fixed route transit is accessible, and the nature and extent of paratransit services that might be provided. Information collected included the fare charged, the basis on which the discount was calculated, and whether the fare was consistent during peak and off-peak hours. Over 330 transit systems were contacted, of which 160 provided extensive data on their levels of fixed route accessibility, paratransit service provided, and alternative transportation available to the elderly and persons with disabilities in areas where the public transit system was not accessible. KW - Accessibility KW - Aged KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Compliance KW - Eligibilitycriteria KW - Half-fare requirement/policies KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - National surveys KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Section 3047 KW - Section 5(M) half-fare UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380607 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641744 AU - NPS Engineering & Technical Services AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PHOTOGRAMMETRY ASSESSMENT: NEW YORK CITY SUBWAY PY - 1993/07 SP - 148 p. AB - This report summarizes an assessment of three photogrammeric techniques tested in subway tunnels of the New York City Transit Authority. These techniques are: (1) METADAT, Close Range Photogrammetry, (2) SACT, System for Continuous Measuring of Tunnel, and (3) Videography. These techniques, developed in recent years, have been used in documenting tunnels in Europe. One technique utilizes stereo photographs and can provide as-built dimensions, two-dimensional drawings or three dimensional drawings of any objects visible. This can be used in the design process, animations and documenting damage. A single camera technique quickly provides individual as-built tunnel sections at specified intervals for obtaining tunnel dimensions for use in structural analysis. Videography provides very rapid tunnel documentation of significant lengths of tunnel. This can be used for determining personnel safety clearances, determining and quantifying tunnel damage and basic dimensioning. The assessment consisted of field tests, during which photographs and videos were taken of portion of the tunnel, and developing drawings, three dimensional models, animations and personnel clearance studies. KW - Damage assessment KW - Environmental quality KW - Loss and damage KW - Maintenance KW - Photogrammetry KW - Rail transit KW - Subway environment KW - Subways KW - Tunnel maintenance KW - Tunnels KW - Video technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381160 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666410 AU - Marx, P AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT HALF-FARE POLICIES FOR THE ELDERLY AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES: SECTION 3047 OF THE INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1991 (ISTEA) PY - 1993/07 SP - 14 p. AB - The 12-page report to Congress examines transit systems in terms of whether or not transit half-fare policies for elderly and disabled patrons are uniform, and whether or not eligibility criteria are consistent. Data was collected from a 1992 National Easter Seals Society study that analyzed transit operations nationwide. Information collected included the fare charged, the basis for calculating discounts, and whether the fare was consistent during peak and off-peak hours. Over 330 transit systems were contacted, of which 160 provided extensive data on their levels of fixed route accessibility, paratransit service provided, and alternative transportation available to the elderly and persons with disabilities in areas where the public transit system was not accessible. KW - Aged KW - Disabled people KW - Discount KW - Fare reduction KW - Fares KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Policy analysis UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405910 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644044 AU - Brodesky, L W AU - DeCarla-Souza, P AU - Salvucci, F AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - REVIEW OF THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS IN THE HOUSTON METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1993/07 SP - 64 p. AB - This report, the fifth in a series, presents the formal, comprehensive review of the planning process in the Houston metropolitan area conducted by the FHWA and FTA headquarters and regional staff, with input from state, regional and local transportation agencies. The purpose of the review was to allow the FHWA and the FTA to determine how successfully the urban transportation planning process (UTPP) addresses regional transportation needs, and whether the planning process meets the requirements of the joint planning regulations. Another purpose of this review is to assess the ability of the existing planning process to address broader concerns described in the guidelines implementing the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and the re-authorization of the surface transportation legislation, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. This report is an evaluation of transportation planning in the Houston metropolitan area. It summarizes the results of the review and includes a series of suggestions. Based on requirements in effect prior to ISTEA, the MPO conducts a competently managed and organized continuing cooperative, and comprehensive (3-C) planning process, adequate planning products, and uses acceptable planning tools. KW - Clean Air Act KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Planning methods KW - Regional transportation KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/houston.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386310 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644040 AU - Simon, R AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADA TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES, 1993. NOTEBOOK PY - 1993/07 SP - v.p. AB - This notebook consists of five technical assistance guides; each guide is authored to stand alone. The guidebook is designed to inform and assist the public and private transit agencies and disability organizations in implementing the transportation regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The following guides are contained in this notebook: 1) Identifying People with Disabilities in the Community and Their Transportation Needs - designed for transit managers, organizations, and other groups planning new programs and services to comply with ADA; 2) Outreach and Marketing - a compilation of knowledge and experience of transit providers and disability advocates working on demonstration programs funded by Project ACTION ; 3) Training Consumers with Disabilities - a technical assistance guide designed to assist public and private transit agencies and disability organizations involved in planning consumer training programs; 4) Training Transit Personnel - designed to assist in implementing the transit personnel training requirements of ADA; and 5) Technology Service Planning and Regulations - a compilation of case studies in accessibility problem-solving. For additional information, contact Project ACTION: Toll Free 800-659-NIAT (Voice/TTY), or 202-347-3066. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Disabled people KW - Marketing KW - Outreach KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Public transit KW - Technical assistance KW - Training programs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388670 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644031 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADVANCED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: APTS PROJECT SUMMARIES PY - 1993/07 SP - 25 p. AB - This 25 page status report provides a listing and description of the ongoing research projects in the FTA Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) program. The report is updated periodically and is designed to keep the transportation community informed of the most recent project activities. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Development KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Technological innovations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386303 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643937 AU - Metropolitan Transit Development Board AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DESIGNING FOR TRANSIT. A MANUAL FOR INTEGRATING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AND LAND DEVELOPMENT IN THE SAN DIEGO METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1993/07 SP - 47 p. AB - This manual has been designed to help planners, developers, architects, and engineers understand the physical requirements of public transportation. It can also be of value to elected officials and city administrators in formulating transit supportive policies. The manual consists of five sections: 1) an introduction, providing background material on transit in the San Diego region and the need for its coordination with land development; 2) some general guidelines on how to design development in a more transit supportive way; 3) specific design standards for public transportation facilities and vehicles for bus transit; 4) design standards for light rail transit; and 5) discussion on establishment of local government policies to foster transit-oriented communities. KW - Bus transit KW - Design standards KW - Land use planning KW - Light rail transit KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - San Diego Metropolitan Area UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386226 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638165 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Department of Transportation TI - SURFACE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN - VOLUME II: COMPENDIUM OF PROGRAM ABSTRACTS. A REPORT TO THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION PURSUANT TO THE INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1991 SECTION 6009(B), P.L. 102-240 PY - 1993/07 SP - v.p. AB - This Compendium of Program Abstracts is Volume II of the Surface Transportation Research and Development Plan, the first in a series of congressionally required annual plans submitted by the Secretary of Transportation to the Congress pursuant to Section 6009(b) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). The objective of this Volume is to respond to the Congressional mandate requiring that one section of the Surface Transportation Research and Development Plan be devoted to the Department of Transportation surface transportation research underway or planned in fiscal years 1993, 1994, and 1995. In response to the ISTEA directive, this Volume supplements the Plan, and provides individual program abstracts for each project discussed in Volume I. Included in each program abstract are details of the near-term surface transportation research and development programs, including recent highlights, ongoing projects, funding levels, schedules with milestones, personnel requirements, and published reports. KW - Development KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal laws KW - Federal programs KW - Federal regulations KW - Ground transportation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Istea KW - Research KW - Research and development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381988 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638164 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Department of Transportation TI - SURFACE TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN - VOLUME I. A REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TRANSPORTATION PURSUANT TO THE INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1991 SECTION 6009(B), P.L. 102-2140 PY - 1993/07 SP - 172 p. AB - Section 6009(b) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) requires that an integrated national surface transportation research and development (R&D) plan be developed that focuses on surface transportation systems needed for urban, suburban, and rural areas in the next decade. The congressionally-mandated objectives of the Plan are to 1) develop a range of technologies needed to produce convenient, safe, and affordable modes of surface transportation to be available for public use beginning in the mid-1990's; and 2) maintain a long-term advanced R&D program in order to provide for next generation surface transportation systems. In response to ISTEA, this Plan focuses on the surface transportation research ubderway or planned by six of the Department of Transportation's (DOT) operating administrations and the Office of the Secretary. KW - Development KW - Federal laws KW - Federal regulations KW - Ground transportation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Istea KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Technological development KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380224 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638159 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NATIONAL TRANSIT SUMMARIES AND TRENDS FOR THE 1991 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1993/07 SP - 144 p. AB - This document provides an overview of the national public transit industry. The report highlights the aggregate financial and operational characteristics and trend information of public transit from 1982 to 1991. Particular attention is given to five year period (1987-1991) trend analyses. Key statistics and performance indicators are presented by major transit mode, size of urbanized area, purchased versus directly operated transit services and by geographic region. KW - Aggregate analysis KW - Aggregates KW - Capital KW - Capital funding KW - Financial analysis KW - Operating funding KW - Public transit KW - Transit profiles KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380222 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633483 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Mundle, S R AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: WELCOME ADDRESS PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 1 AB - Conference participants are welcomed, those who organized the conference are recognized and thanked, and a brief outline of the conference proceedings is given. Noted in particular are the three workshop themes: customer service technologies, transit and traffic operations technologies, and facility operations and vehicle technologies. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Customer service KW - Facilities KW - Facility operations KW - Highway operations KW - Operations KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology KW - Traffic KW - Vehicle technologies KW - Vehicles KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377835 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633485 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Reichert, J P AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: TRANSIT AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGIES PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 3 AB - An overview is given of the conference workshop sessions on transit and traffic operations technologies. These sessions focus on how these two elements can be better integrated into a coordinated system. The common element of the five workshop sessions is to think creatively in addressing the integration of transit and traffic system components. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Highway operations KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Traffic KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377837 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633487 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Schulman, L L AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION PROGRAMS PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 5-8 AB - An overview of the background and current status of the federal transit research program is provided. The program changed significantly with the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act. Now called the Transit Planning and Research Program, the program has five major components: the National Program (30% of funding); the State Program (10% of funding); the Transit Cooperative Research Program (10% of funding); metropolitan planning organizations (45% of funding); and the Rural Transit Assistance Program (5% of funding). Following a discussion of each of these components, the major elements of the National Program are highlighted. Concluding comments summarize the Federal Transit Administration's current funding priorities. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Public transit KW - Strategic planning KW - Technological innovations KW - Transit planning and research program KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377839 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633488 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Wilson, F J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: APTS AND TRANSIT IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 9-13 AB - In this conference luncheon speech, Frank J. Wilson, General Manager, San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District, highlights the current state of American industry in broad terms and the past and present trends in the transit industry. He then identifies what a transit property can offer the research and development (R&D) campaign. Projects on the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) Research Agenda are highlighted. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Conferences KW - Development KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District KW - Technological innovations KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377840 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633491 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hoel, L A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: FACILITY OPERATIONS AND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 19-22 AB - This summary report provides an historical perspective on technology development in transit, examines some of the major elements covered in the workshop sessions on facility operations and vehicle technologies, and summarizes what all this may mean for the future. Five general areas were covered in the workshop sessions: the use of MAGLEV technologies for high-speed ground transportation, alternative fuels, technologies to assist in meeting the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, low-floor buses and other new bus concepts, and new vehicle guidance technologies. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Bus design KW - Buses KW - Conferences KW - Facilities KW - Facility operations KW - History KW - Low floor vehicles KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Operations KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle technologies KW - Vehicles KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377843 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633484 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Fisher, R J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: CUSTOMER SERVICE TECHNOLOGIES PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 2 AB - An overview is given of the conference sessions focusing on customer service. These sessions examine (1) approaches for providing dynamic ridematching services, (2) responsive traveler systems, (3) innovations in fare collection techniques and technologies, and (4) the application of advanced technologies to improve and expand customer information services. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Customer service KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377836 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633486 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - McGean, T J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: FACILITY OPERATIONS AND VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 4 AB - A brief overview is provided of the facility operations and vehicle technologies workshop sessions. These sessions focus primarily on research and development in the hardware elements of the transportation system. Topics examined include magnetic levitation (MAGLEV), advanced vehicle technologies for improved air quality, advanced technologies for implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, low-floor boarding, and vehicle guidance technology. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Facilities KW - Facility operations KW - Operations KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology KW - Vehicle technologies KW - Vehicles KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377838 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633489 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Loudon, W R AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: TRANSIT AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGIES SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 15-17 AB - This summary report highlights some of the general themes that emerged from the conference, then discusses some of the specific topics and presentations in the workshop sessions on Transit and Traffic Operations Technologies. Three major themes emerged from the workshops: a long-term need for research and development in transit; the different nature of technology development and technology implementation; and the complex, expensive, and long-term nature of technology development. Some major items covered in the Transit and Traffic Operations Technologies sessions were: the integration of traffic and transit operations; smart bus systems; advanced technologies and operational control; decision-support systems; and issues in technology implementation. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Development KW - Highway operations KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology KW - Technology development KW - Technology implementation KW - Traffic KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377841 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633490 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - McLaughlin, P V AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992: CUSTOMER SERVICE TECHNOLOGIES SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - p. 17-19 AB - The presentations in the workshop sessions on customer service technologies provided a good indication that technologies are available to enhance customer service and passenger information. A wide variety of projects and studies were discussed. This summary report briefly summarizes the technologies and applications that were presented, the behavioral issues associated with their use, and technology application issues. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Customer service KW - Human factors KW - Passenger information systems KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology applications KW - Technology transfer KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377842 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633482 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, AUGUST 16-19, 1992, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS PY - 1993/07 IS - 410 SP - 123 p. AB - This Circular contains the proceedings of a conference which addressed the development and application of advanced technologies in public transportation systems. The purpose of the conference was to bring together individuals from diverse backgrounds who shared a common interest in the application of advanced technologies in public transportation. Although the papers and presentations at the conference covered a variety of topics and modes, three general tracks were used to help organize the workshop sessions. Those three subject areas included Customer Service Technologies, Transit and Traffic Operations Technologies, and Facility Operations and Vehicle Technologies. These proceedings are intended to be a useful resource for transportation and transit professionals, policy makers, and others interested in the application of advanced technologies in public transportation. U1 - National Conference on Advanced Technologies in Public TransportationTransportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.San Francisco, California StartDate:19920816 EndDate:19920819 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. KW - Conferences KW - Customer service KW - Facilities KW - Facility operations KW - Highway operations KW - Operations KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology KW - Traffic KW - Vehicle technologies KW - Vehicles KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377834 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634792 AU - Yarema, G S AU - Nossaman, Guthner, Knox & Elliott AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE NEXT STEP IN THE FTA TURNKEY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM: DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE CONTRACT PY - 1993/06/10 SP - v.p. AB - This month the Federal Transit Administration expects to carry out an important aspect of its congressional mandate under Section 3019 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. It will select at least the first group of projects for its Turnkey Demonstration Program. Upon selection, the local agencies responsible for the projects will be placed under a national spotlight as they move into the next crucial phase of the demonstration: the procurement of their turnkey contracts. It is the purpose of this presentation to spur a discussion of the issues that have to be considered in order to implement effective procurement strategies and to award carefully crafted turnkey contracts. KW - Contracting out KW - Fta section 6 KW - Governments KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Istea KW - Private enterprise KW - Procurement KW - Technical assistance KW - Turnkey systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375642 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638175 AU - Ryan, P H AU - Boyd, M A AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTING A STANDEE-ON-LIFT PROGRAM FOR FIXED-ROUTE BUS SERVICE. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/06/01 SP - 44 p. AB - The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) refers to individuals who use canes or walkers, or who have trouble climbing steps, as standees. The Department of Transportation regulations implementing the ADA require that transit properties allow standees-on-lifts. The strategies contained in this document are designed to help transit properties establish and improve their fixed-route bus service to standees. Four major areas of transit administration are addressed in this report: the role of management in establishing policy for standees; the role of operations in implementing a program for standees-on-lifts; the various training programs and personnel policies that can enhance service to standees; and various outreach programs that can increase standee ridership and enhance standee-system relations. The ADA requirements for wheelchair lifts and their use by standees are summarized in the Appendix. This report was developed from inputs received from six transit systems: Seattle Metro, Portland Tri-Net, Washington Metro (WMATA), New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), San Francisco MUNI, and NJ TRANSIT. It presents these systems' common elements for employing a standee-on-lift program and discusses how other systems might use their ideas. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Disabled people KW - Fixed routes KW - Fta section 6 KW - Management KW - Management policies KW - Operations management KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Policy KW - Program implementation KW - Standee-on-lift KW - Training programs KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56566/strategiesforim0602patr_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380227 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640097 AU - Parker, N A AU - Spierer, G AU - Alssid, J AU - City College of New York of the City University of New York AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BROKERING CAREERS IN TRANSPORTATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY COLLEGES AND TRANSIT AGENCIES PY - 1993/06 SP - 75 p. AB - Brokering careers in transportation between community colleges and transit agencies has been presented as a model to 1) raise and sustain the awareness of faculty and students about job and career opportunities available in the field of transportation, 2) retain students in transportation related studies, and 3) provide early and meaningful exposure to the field of transportation as a career. An Awareness-Retention-Curriculum (ARC) model similar in form to the NCHRP ARC model for civil engineering, calls for 1) a strong image-enhancing and image-overhauling campaign to promote transportation and transit as an accessible and viable career option, 2) development of curriculum and a cooperative preparatory seminar with transportation agencies which will provide career-oriented internships and guide workforce development in the field, 3) establishment of new linkages between transportation agencies and adult, continuing education programs, which train dislocated workers, women, minorities, and recent immigrants, and 4) establishment of regional transportation job bank referral services at the community colleges to facilitate the brokering process. KW - Awareness KW - Curricula KW - Education KW - Internships KW - Labor force KW - Training KW - Transit personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380905 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00669206 AU - Bunda, D AU - Leeward Oahu Transportation Management Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR LEEWARD OAHU. A REGIONAL HOME-END ACTION PLAN PY - 1993/06 SP - 62 p. AB - The purpose of this report is to share the experiences of a regional home-end TMA in order to demonstrate the value of its proactive efforts in bridging the gaps between public and private sectors, in enhancing transit use, and in improving mobility to, and from and within the region. The report documents the acitivities and accoplishments of the organization from its formation through the first two years of its operation. It identifies the issues and obstacles that have surfaced and how the TMA has been able to address them. The action plan detailed in this report has been developed to be dynamic enough to address the identified needs of a rapidly growing residential suburban region as it transitions into a secondary urban and resort area. KW - Governments KW - Hawaii KW - Mobility KW - Private enterprise KW - Regional planning KW - Residential areas KW - Transportation management associations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/410779 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633374 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Henk, R AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: HOV FACILITY RESEARCH TOPICS PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 25 AB - This conference presentation briefly summarizes the research needs related to HOV facilities identified by the Research, Planning, Design, and Operations Subcommittee of the TRB HOV Systems Committee. The suggested topics are grouped into three categories: planning and design; operations and enforcement; and arterial street HOV facilities. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Arterial highways KW - Conferences KW - Design KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Highway operations KW - Law enforcement KW - Planning KW - Research KW - Streets KW - Traffic UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377817 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633366 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Williams, J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: THE EMERGING ROLE OF METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 13-15 AB - This conference presentation discusses the impact of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) on the metropolitan planning process and the implications for HOV facility development. A brief overview of metropolitan and regional planning in the United States precedes the discussion. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - City planning KW - Conferences KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Impact studies KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Regional transportation KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377809 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00822942 AU - Ryan, P H AU - Boyd, M A AU - Research and Special Programs Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTING A STANDEE-ON-LIFT PROGRAM FOR FIXED-ROUTE BUS SERVICE PY - 1993/06 SP - 44 p. AB - The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) refers to individuals who use canes or walkers, or who have trouble climbing steps, as standees.The Department of Transportation regulations implementing the ADA require that transit properties allow standees-on-lifts. The strategies contained in this document are designed to help transit properties establish and improve their fixed-route bus service to standees. The major areas of transit administration are addressed in this report: the role of management in establishing policy for standees; the role of operations in implementing a program for standees-on-lifts; the various training programs and personnel policies that can enhance service to standees; and various outreach programs that can increase standee ridership and enhance standee system relations. The ADA requirements for wheelchair lifts and their use by standees are summarized in the appendix. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Bus routes KW - Fixed routes KW - Legislation KW - Lifting equipment KW - Public transit KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Specialists KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/713275 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640059 AU - Hathaway, W T AU - Knapton, D A AU - Rudich, R A AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NEW YORK METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY SAFETY INVESTIGATION PY - 1993/06 SP - 130 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) conducted an intensive investigation of passenger and employee safety on the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) and its operating elements. The investigation stressed the system safety concept and top-down analysis. The investigation reviewed past safety assessments conducted by state and federal agencies to ensure that all previous deficiencies have been corrected. This review was followed by an in-depth, on-site examination of each operating element. The specific related findings for each operating element were summarized in the form of a series of general conditions of concern and are presented in this report. FTA will require the MTA to develop corrective action plans to address the conditions of concern and will monitor MTA's progress in effecting the corrections. KW - Correction (Mathematics) KW - Employee safety KW - Employees KW - Fta section 22 KW - Metropolitan transportation authority KW - New York City Transit Authority KW - New York State Metropolitan Transportation Authority KW - Occupational safety KW - Passenger safety KW - Passengers KW - Safety KW - Safety program effectiveness KW - Safety programs KW - Transportation safety UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/35000/35000/35041/DOT-VNTSC-FTA-93-04.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56488/newyorkmetropoli00usdo_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380886 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639244 AU - Commonwealth Development Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ENTREPRENEURIAL SERVICES PROGRAM FINANCING HANDBOOK PY - 1993/06 SP - 101 p. AB - This handbook was prepared to help companies in the FTA Entrepreneurial Services Program (ESP) obtain financing adequate to their needs. With that in mind, the handbook will: describe basic financial analysis and planning, and the types of private and government-supported financing available for small niche transportation companies; and, develop model financial statements and strategies that will illustrate niche company operations and financial support during their start-up and expansion phases of development. The handbook is organized into four chapters: Chapter 1 describes the basic methods of financial analysis; chapter 2 outlines financial planning techniques; the different sources of funding equity investment, short- and long-term loans are described in chapter 3; and chapter 4 provides models of reverse commuting companies, showing how these companies can be financed at start-up and through their stages of growth. A glossary of financial terms is also provided. KW - Entrepreneurs KW - Finance KW - Financial analysis KW - Financial sources KW - Financing KW - Financing plans KW - General service businesses KW - Handbooks KW - Models-simulation KW - Planning KW - Reverse commuting KW - Simulation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380609 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634791 AU - Beimborn, E AU - Horowitz, A AU - SCHUETZ, J AU - Zejun, G AU - University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - MEASUREMENT OF TRANSIT BENEFITS PY - 1993/06 SP - 141 p. AB - It is the objective of this report to look at benefits of public transit in a broad way to gain a better understanding of how their measurement can be used to assist in making decisions. The report provides a comprehensive view of the range of consequences of transit services and indicates various methods that can be used to assess their benefits. Benefit assessment is done to make decisions, and a general discussion is given of how to view benefits for that purpose. Consequences of transit are illustrated through the use of a benefit tree. Transit service provides an alternative means of travel, results in changes of trip making by automobile to transit, affects land-use activity and leads to direct and indirect employment. These effects lead to still further consequences. Methods are provided for measuring benefits. These methods include an enhanced consumer surplus approach to measure travel related changes andd a land-use redistribution model to identify travel benefits of land-use changes. Techniques for air pollution assessment and for employment impacts are also given in detail. KW - Benefits KW - Bus transit KW - Consumers surplus KW - Fta section 11 KW - Guidelines KW - Land use KW - Rail transit KW - Trip generation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/7000/7000/7031/1369.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374935 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00712822 AU - Khasnabis, S AU - Aktan, Haluk AU - Pandya, J AU - Khambhatla, A AU - Wayne State University AU - Great Lakes Center for Truck and Transit Research AU - Michigan Department of Transportation TI - AN INVESTIGATION OF DESIGN, MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING PROCEDURES OF WHEELCHAIR LIFTS ON TRANSIT BUSES: FINAL REPORT PHASE II PY - 1993/06 SP - 111 p. AB - There is a concern that wheelchair lifts installed in transit buses are sometimes not in working condition. While the exact nature of the problems related to these lifts is not documented in the literature, it is generally felt that these problems are not the consequence of a single factor. Rather, these are caused by a combination of factors encompassing the design, manufacturing, and operation and maintenance of these lifts. KW - Maintenance practices KW - Manufacturing KW - Operation and maintenance KW - Transit buses KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/448046 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00712823 AU - Aktan, Haluk AU - Khasnabis, S AU - Pandya, J AU - Wayne State University AU - Great Lakes Center for Truck and Transit Research AU - Michigan Department of Transportation TI - AN INVESTIGATION OF DESIGN, MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR WHEELCHAIR LIFTS ON TRANSIT BUSES: FINAL REPORT PHASE III PY - 1993/06 SP - 103 p. AB - This report describes the findings of a project conducted to investigate the design, operation, and maintenance aspects of wheelchair lifts. The project objective is to assess the nature of problems pertaining to design, manufacture, operation, and maintenance of wheelchair lifts in transit buses, and to propose upgrades or operational changes to alleviate these problems. KW - Analysis KW - Design KW - Maintenance KW - Operational effectiveness KW - Operations KW - Transit buses KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/448047 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647991 AU - University of Florida, Gainesville TI - MCTRANS: CENTER FOR MICROCOMPUTERS IN TRANSPORTATION CATALOG 1993 AND NEWSLETTER PY - 1993/06 SP - 95 p. AB - McTrans (short for Center for MicroComputers in Transportation) is a software distributor and user support center originally established by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and supported by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). The McTrans Center provides support to microcomputer users through technical assistance of the software it distributes.McTrans goal is to serve as the Nation's primary center for technical support and distribution of highway transportation and transit software. McTrans answers questions on a variety of subjects, such as the program available for your needs; the kind of computer to purchase to run your software; and the necessary help with specific programs. This annual Catalog lists products and services that cover a variety of subject areas under the following headings: Highway Engineering; Traffic Engineering; Transit; Transportation Planning; General Interest; New Products; and Updates since June 1992. Some of the transit related areas covered include transit operations, planning, demand modeling, project management, site analysis, and others. McTrans also publishes the quarterly McTrans Newsletter. The Newsletter updates and provides a listing of the new and improved research products, for example: the TDM Model which can evaluate the impacts of any of several strategies, individually or grouped into programs; and the ARTPROG, a spreadsheet that will aid in the timing of coordinated signals along an arterial. Some of the upcoming improvements will include improvements in communications and in the 24-hour electronic bulletin board called McLink. The McTrans catalog can be obtained free of charge, upon request, as a paperback catalog or as a catalog-on-disk (McFinder) KW - Communication systems KW - Information processing KW - Information services KW - Information systems KW - Microcomputers KW - Software KW - Technical assistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387383 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641749 AU - Lindquist, N F AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NATIONAL REVIEW OF STATEWIDE RIDESHARE PROGRAMS AND SURVEY OF TEXAS RIDESHARE PROGRAMS PY - 1993/06 SP - 110 p. AB - This study was undertaken to examine the potential for development of a Statewide Ridershare Support Program. This report documents the results of a literature review, telephone surveys with ridesharing agencies in Texas and four other states, and telephone surveys with departments of transportation in fifteen other states. Further, it outlines an initial approach for a Statewide Rideshare Support Program and potential activities to be undertaken to develop this program. Information was obtained from rideshare programs on staffing and budgeting levels, services offered, ridematching databases, marketing efforts, and local levels of interest in ridesharing. State departments of transportation were surveyed for information on types of support offered to ridesharing programs, staffing and budgeting, measures of effectiveness, and perceptions of ridesharing at the state level. The report includes suggestions for actions by the Texas Department of Transportation to facilitate support for ridesharing programs in the state. KW - Car pooling (Railroads) KW - Carpooling KW - Ridesharing KW - Texas KW - Travel demand KW - Travel demand management KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381164 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638131 AU - Dietrich, F M AU - Papas, P N AU - Ferro, W E AU - Jacobs, W L AU - Steiner, G A AU - Electric Research and Management, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELD TESTING OF THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY (MBTA) URBAN TRANSIT SYSTEM. VOLUME I - ANALYSIS PY - 1993/06 SP - 236 p. AB - The safety of magnetically levitated (maglev) and high speed rail (HSR) trains proposed for application in the United States is the responsibility of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). Plans for near future applications include maglev projects (e.g in Orlando, FL and Pittsburgh, PA) and high speed rail (the French Train a Grande Vitesse (TGV) in the Texas Triangle). Concerns exist regarding the potential safety, environmental and health effects on the public and on transportation workers due to electrification along new or existing rail corridors, and to maglev and high speed rail operations. Therefore, the characterization of electric and magnetic fields (EMF) produced by both steady (dc) and alternating currents (AC) at power frequency (50 Hz in Europe and 60 Hz in the US) and above, in the Extreme Low Frequency (ELF) range 93-3000 Hz) is of interest. An EMF survey of the MBTA transit system was performed as part of a comprehensive comparative EMF assessment of the German Transrapid (TR-07) maglev system with other existing and advanced rail systems. This report provides the Analysis (Vol. I) of results, and detailed data and statistical summaries (Vol. II. Appendices) of representative EMF profiles on vehicles and facilities typical of electrotechnologies used in this transit system (3rd rail dc, catenary with pantograph, trolley bus). Each electrotechnology has specific EMF frequency signatures. EMF data represent a range of system operating conditions and locations (in vehicles, stations and waysides),as well as traffic control and electrical power supply facilities. KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Environment KW - Environmental impacts KW - Guided vehicles KW - Health hazards KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority KW - Safety KW - Technological innovations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380206 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633359 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS: MOVING INTO THE 21ST CENTURY. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - 84 p. AB - These proceedings summarize the highlights from the Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems. The conference brought together transportation professionals from both the United States and Canada. An international perspective was also provided by participants from Spain, Taiwan, and Saudi Arabia. The conference theme - Moving into the 21st Century - provided the overall focus for the keynote speeches, general sessions, and workshops. A wealth of information was presented and discussed on new HOV projects, bus operating strategies, support facilities, HOV policies, air quality issues, arterial street HOV applications, IVHS and HOV facilities, and international HOV projects. Participants were also provided the opportunity to tour the Ottawa Transitway and to learn more about HOV projects in other Canadian cities. The contents of this Circular (the conference proceedings) are organized as follows: Plenary Sessions; Conference Workshops; and Conference Registration List. The Plenary Sessions included the following: Opening Session; ISTEA and HOV Facilities in the United States; HOV Facilities in Canada; Round Table Discussion; and Closing Session. The Conference Workshops were as follows: Bus Service Orientation with HOV Facilities; HOV Facility Design Guidelines; Efficient Utilization of HOV Facilities; Integrated Systems and Support Facilities; Managing Demand on HOV Facilities; Arterial Street HOV Applications; State and Local Policies Supporting HOV Facilities; Regionwide HOV Systems; New HOV Project Experience; HOV and Advanced Public Transportation Systems; Air Quality Issues and HOV Facilities; and International Experience with HOV Facilities. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Air quality KW - Arterial highways KW - Busways KW - Canada KW - Conferences KW - Design KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Management KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Regional transportation KW - Saudi Arabia KW - Spain KW - Streets KW - Taiwan KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - United States KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377802 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633372 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Bonsall, J A AU - Roberts, C AU - Rothenberg, M AU - Lindley, J AU - Pierce, R L AU - Stacey, I AU - Gonseth, A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION - HOV FACILITIES: MOVING INTO THE 21ST CENTURY PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 20-23 AB - The conference included a round table discussion on HOV facilities. The following briefly summarizes the comments of each discusser: Mr. Bonsall provided a series of observations related to the current status and future potential for rapid transit, and noted that his perspective is based largely on the experience of developing the Ottawa-Carleton busway system over the last 20 years. Mr. Roberts provided his thoughts on the use of IVHS technologies with HOV facilities and transit services. He also discussed some of the institutional issues associated with the development of IVHS. Mr. Rothenberg provided his thoughts on the future of HOV facilities moving toward the 21st century. He provided a brief historical perspective on the development of HOV projects and the current status of commuting as the basis for examining future directions. Mr. Lindley suggested that the projected 1,000 miles of HOV facilities by the year 2000 provided a good starting point for discussing the future vision for HOV facilities. He focused on the activities needed to help ensure that this vision is realized. Mr. Pierce provided some ideas on the future of HOV projects from an enforcement perspective. His comments focussed on the role of the Washington State Patrol in the operation of the HOV facilities in the Seattle area and enforcement activities in general. Mr. Stacey provided his thoughts on the future of HOV facilities based on his experience with the development of the Ottawa Transitway system. Mr. Gonseth provided an overview of the recent activities of the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) related to HOV projects. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Busways KW - Commuting KW - Conferences KW - Future policies KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Institutional issues KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Law enforcement KW - Policy KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Socioeconomic development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377815 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633363 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: STATUS OF HOV PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 6-9 AB - This conference presentation provides a brief summary of recent HOV projects and activities in North America. Currently, there are some 49 HOV projects in operation on freeways or separate rights-of-way in 22 North American metropolitan areas. Further, HOV lanes have been implemented on arterial streets in numerous cities. Many areas with HOV lanes are expanding existing facilities and developing additional projects. In addition, new HOV facilities are being developed in a number of areas where none currently exist. Finally, planning studies examining HOV alternatives are being conducted in many metropolitan areas that previously have not considered HOV projects. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Conferences KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Metropolitan areas KW - North America KW - Planning KW - Project management KW - Projects UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377806 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633370 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Mulligan, T AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: HOV FACILITIES IN TORONTO PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 19 AB - This conference presentation discusses the current HOV facilities in the Toronto area and provides information on planning activities for potential future projects. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Conferences KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Planning KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Toronto (Canada) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377813 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633367 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Peyser, P AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: MAXIMIZING THE BENEFITS OF THE ISTEA PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 15-16 AB - This conference presentation provides an update on a number of elements related to the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) and the HOV Coalition, a public/private organization established in 1989 to advocate HOV projects at the national level. The HOV Coalition promoted several goals during the development of the ISTEA, among which are the following three critical elements: to provide preferential matching ratios for HOV projects; to have a special category of funding for HOV projects; and to include HOV projects in the different categories within the highway and the transit programs. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Federal aid KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Project management KW - Projects UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377810 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633361 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Clark, P AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: CONFERENCE WELCOME PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 3-4 AB - These welcoming remarks to the Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems welcome participants and briefly comment on the Ottawa Transitway, which has approximately 13 miles in operation. Benefits of the Transitway include postponing the need for new and expanded roads, reducing pollution, savings in bus capital expenditures, and reducing operating costs for line-haul services. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Benefits KW - Conferences KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377804 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633368 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Bonsall, J A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: DEVELOPMENT OF THE OTTAWA TRANSITWAY SYSTEM PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 17-18 AB - This conference presentation provides an overview of the development and status of the Ottawa Transitway and bus lanes. The first segments of the Ottawa Transitway were opened in 1982. Currently, some 13 miles are in operation, with additional bus-only lanes on streets in the downtown area. The Transitway is located on a separate right-of-way and consists of one lane in each direction, with shoulders on both sides. Stations are located at strategic points and some are tied into adjacent developments. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Bus lanes KW - Conferences KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Ottawa (Canada) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377811 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633364 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Emerson, D J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION PERSPECTIVE PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 10-11 AB - This conference presentation provides a perspective on the transit-related aspects of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). The discussion focuses on how the ISTEA has influenced the various federal funding programs administered by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA); provides a few examples of how these programs are being used to implement HOV and busway projects; and reviews the procedures that have been developed regarding the sharing of responsibilities between the FTA and the Federal Highway Administration. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Busways KW - Conferences KW - Federal aid KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Interagency relations KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Public transit KW - Responsibilities KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377807 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633365 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Strickland, S G AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION PERSPECTIVE PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 11-13 AB - This conference presentation gives a Federal Highway Administration perspective on the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) provisions related to HOV facilities. Three topics are discussed: the provisions of the ISTEA that clearly support the potential of HOV facilities; HOV-related activities by federal regions; and the potential of other ISTEA provisions to greatly expand the inventory of HOV facilities. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Federal aid KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377808 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633373 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Capelle, D G AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: TRB HOV SYSTEMS COMMITTEE ACTIVITIES PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 24-25 AB - This conference presentation highlights some of the topics discussed at the conference, then provides an overview of the activities of the TRB HOV Systems Committee over the past year. He notes that the committee has focused a lot of effort on providing information on HOV facilities and helping to coordinate the sharing of information between diverse groups. The activities of the four subcommittees of the HOV Systems Committee are highlighted. The subcommittees are: the Information Development and Dissemination Subcommittee; the Research, Planning, Design, and Operations Subcommittee; the Marketing/Outreach Subcommittee; and the Strategic Planning Subcommittee. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Conferences KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Information dissemination KW - Marketing KW - Research KW - Strategic planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377816 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633360 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Bonsall, J A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: CONFERENCE INTRODUCTION PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 3 AB - These introductory remarks to the Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems indicate that the sixth conference emphasis is on the bus. Participants are invited to tour the busway system in Ottawa and to attend the opening of the first freeway bus-only lane in Ontario. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Busways KW - Conferences KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377803 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633362 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Cormier, A I AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE ON HOV FACILITIES PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 4-6 AB - This conference presentation provides a Canadian perspective on HOV applications. An update on the general state of public transit in Canada is provided, the role of the Canadian Urban Transit Association is discussed, and a brief summary is given of the transit and HOV applications as they now exist in Canada and as they stand approved for development in the near future. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Canada KW - Canadian Urban Transit Association KW - Conferences KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377805 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633369 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - APPARAO, T AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: PROVINCIAL HOV PLANNING AND POLICIES PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 18 AB - This conference presentation provides a summary of HOV planning and policy activities at the provincial level. Also discussed are some of the recent projects undertaken by the Ontario Ministry of Transportation. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Conferences KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Ontario (Province) KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Project management KW - Projects UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377812 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00633371 JO - Transportation Research Circular PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Olivier, R AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SIXTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEMS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1992, OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA: MONTREAL EXPERIENCE WITH RESERVED BUS LANES PY - 1993/06 IS - 409 SP - p. 19 AB - This conference presentation provides an overview of the bus lanes in Montreal. The Pie IX Boulevard contraflow HOV lane project, which has been successful in attracting new riders and reducing bus travel times, is discussed. U1 - Sixth National Conference on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems: Moving into the 21st CenturyCommittee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration.Ottawa, Ontario, Canada StartDate:19921025 EndDate:19921028 Sponsors:Committee on High-Occupancy Vehicle Systems, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Transit Administration. KW - Bus lanes KW - Conferences KW - Contraflow lanes KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Montreal (Canada) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/377814 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638167 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY OF SELECTED TRANSIT AGENCIES PY - 1993/05/30 SP - v.p. AB - Project ACTION surveyed 112 selected transit systems around the country. The purpose of the reconnaissance survey was to identify general patterns and trends with respect to the provision of accessible transit services for people with disabilities. The survey was designed to elicit information on the types of accessible services provided and the extent to which fixed route bus services are accessible to people with disabilities in the community. Survey questions were developed to find out whether transit systems have an official policy to purchase fixed route buses with lifts and whether they have projected target dates for making fixed route bus fleets fully accessible. Four types of transit agencies were contacted (19 agencies fall into more than one category): 1) 62 systems with a high percentage of accessible fixed route buses; 2) 20 systems with low percentages of active fleets with lifts or ramps; 3) 21 systems serving the ten largest cities by population in the United States and 11 systems serving other major cities; and 4) 28 rural transit agencies. KW - Accessibility KW - Aerodynamic lift KW - Bus transit KW - Disabled people KW - Fixed routes KW - Fta section 6 KW - Lifts KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Ramps KW - Reports KW - Rural transit KW - Survey reports KW - Surveys UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381989 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639237 AU - Pieratti, D AU - Haselkorn, M AU - Blumenthal, C AU - Bellevue Transportation Management Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BELLEVUE SMART TRAVELER AND CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATIONS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/05/30 SP - 72 p. AB - This 72 page report, Phase 1 of the Bellevue Smart Traveler project, documents project planning and activities during the 11 months of the project operations. Phase 1 was initiated as an operational test of innovative technology to enhance ridesharing using cellular telecommunications, voice mail and computerized real-time information in carpools and vanpools. The goal was to see if these advanced technologies could be engineered and integrated into a new kind of information infrastructure which could make carpools and vanpools a more effective and attractive mode of mass transportation. The potential of cellular technology as an incentive for car and vanpooling was not proved by this study. However, a number of significant findings indicate that there is potential for this and other communication technology to impact the individual commute experience, driver decisions and traffic management. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Bellevue (Washington) KW - Cellular telephones KW - Commuting KW - Driver information systems KW - Fta section 6 KW - Information systems KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Real time control KW - Real time operations KW - Ridesharing KW - Telecommunications UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56339/bellevuesmarttr9336bell_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/2493.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380603 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638168 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMBINED RESEARCH RESULTS PY - 1993/05/30 SP - v.p. AB - This report includes executive summaries briefly describing the contents each of the following Project ACTION's Combined Research Findings: Tabulation of Interviews from Project ACTION's Steering Committee Members and Other Experts; Tabulation of Survey Responses from Project ACTION's Resource Council Members; Literature Search; Critical Needs Assessment; and Innovation Analysis. KW - Accessibility KW - Demonstration program KW - Demonstration projects KW - Development KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guides to the literature KW - Innovation KW - Literature reviews KW - Needs assessment KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Project action KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381990 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638137 AU - Walther, E S AU - Alexander, L AU - Walther Consultancy AU - Alabama Transit Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REGION IV TECHNICAL TRAINING WORKSHOPS IN TRANSPORTATION. FINANCING THE 1990'S - SELECTED PRESENTATIONS PY - 1993/05 SP - 116 p. AB - The workshop offered sixteen individual workshops and five group sessions dealing with a variety of topics related to generating funding, operating efficiencies and cost savings for rural and small urban providers. The subject areas covered in this report include: state tax financing; system maintenance programs: efficiencies and revenues; working with the private sector; creative local non-tax financing; a laypersons guide to FTA programs; benefit assessment district: Savannah, Georgia; realizing the benefits of system coordination; educating your legislature; and a laypersons guide to HHS programs. KW - Cost control KW - Cost savings KW - Financing KW - Financing plans KW - Fixed routes KW - Management KW - Operations management KW - Planning KW - Rural transit KW - Special service KW - Training programs KW - Urban transit KW - Workshops UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5597/807a.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380210 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634646 AU - Dietrich, F M AU - Papas, P N AU - Jacobs, W L AU - Ferro, W E AU - Electric Research and Management, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELD TESTING OF THE FRENCH TRAIN A GRANDE VITESSE (TGV). VOLUME 1 - ANALYSIS PY - 1993/05 SP - 220 p. AB - The safety of magnetically levitated (maglev) and high speed rail (HSR) trains proposed for application in the United States is the responsibility of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). A franchise has been awarded to the Texas High Speed Rail Corporatiaon to operate a 200 mph French train A Grande Vitesse (TGV) in the Texas Triangle (Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, San Antonio), with construction to begin in 1995. This report provides the Analysis (Vol. 1) of the results, and detailed data and statistical summaries (Vol. 2, Appendices) of representative electric and magnetic field (EMF) profiles on TGV-A trains between Paris and Tours for two electro-technologies (1.5 KV DC near Paris, and 2x25 KV at Hz AC). EMF data represent a range of train operating conditions and locations (in vehicles, stations and wayside), as well as in traffic control and electrical facilities. A portable magnetic field monitoring system (augmented to include an electric fields probe) was used to sample, record and store 3 axis static and AC magnetic fields waveforms simultaneously, at multiple locations. A real time Digital Audio Tape (DAT) recorder able to capture EMF transients, and two personal power-frequency magnetic field monitors were used to collect complementary data. The statistical and Fourier analysis of results in Vol. 1 enable a comparative characterization of EMF intensities, and spatial and temporal variability, by frequency band. and by distance from the source. EMF Extra Low Frequency (ELF) Levels for the TGV system are comparable to those produced by common home, work, and power lines. EMF field levels for the TGV rail system components are within the ranges of other common environmental EMF sources, but have specific frequency signatures. Volume 2 catalogs and documents detailed data files by electrotechnology, source and location. KW - Alternating current KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Electric fields KW - Electric railroads KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Electrostatics KW - Fourier analysis KW - Guided vehicles KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374895 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646988 AU - Reich, S AU - Bessoir, T AU - Dyer (Thomas K), Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Foster-Miller Associates, Incorporated AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - SAFETY OF VITAL CONTROL AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS IN GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION, ANALYSIS OF RAILROAD SIGNALING SYSTEM: MICROPROCESSOR INTERLOCKING PY - 1993/05 SP - 56 p. AB - This study has been conducted with the goal of gaining an insight into the issues of maintaining vital signal systems implemented with microprocessor chips and of making field changes to the application of such systems. To relate these abstract topics to concrete issues, two actual commercial systems were investigated, namely the General Railway Signal Company VPI Vital Processor Interlocking and the GRS GENRAKODE microprocessor-based coded track circuit system. One of the purposes of this study is to determine what actions should be taken by railroads to maintain signal-system safety when microprocessor-based signal systems receive maintenance to correct a failure and when such signal systems are modified after installation because of application changes such as a revision to the track plan or the signal aspects. A second purpose of this study is to determine whether revisions are required to the Rules, Standards and Instructions Governing the Installation, Inspection, Maintenance and Repair of Signal and Train Control Systems, Devices, and Appliances (RS&I) due to the introduction of microprocessor-based systems and to suggest such revisions if they are indicated. These revisions, if any, would be based on the recommendations for maintenance and field-change procedures identified in the first part of this study. KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Central processing units KW - Central processing units (Computers) KW - Communication systems KW - Control systems KW - Ground transportation KW - Guided vehicles KW - Integrated circuits KW - Integrated systems KW - Interlocking KW - Microprocessor applications KW - Microprocessors KW - Railroad signaling KW - Railroad signals UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386956 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638129 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMMUTER-INTERCITY RAIL IMPROVEMENT STUDY (BOSTON-NEW YORK) PY - 1993/05 SP - 226 p. AB - This study was carried out under the direction of a departmental task force. The 226 page report identifies and characterizes the costs and benefits of improvements that could be achieved in commuter and intercity rail passenger service on the Boston-New York segment of the Northeast Corridor (the 456 mile system of railroad passenger service infrastructure extending from Boston to Washington, DC, with New York City at its midpoint). The study clarifies the nature, costs and benefits of major investments in the rail infrastructure, and brings together the results of studies, analyses and estimates by the participating public agencies, operating railroads and others, as well as the assessments by the study team. Major infrastructure rehabilitation and improvement projects are identified and organized into five overall projects. The report discusses the potential savings in intercity trip times for operating equipment, commuter trip time impacts and ridership gains. It estimates the results of the improvement programs to be significant in terms of reduced trip times - as low as 2-1/2 hours. This report offers to provide a basis for developing the necessary consensus (among owners, operators and all levels of government) for policy formulation and decision making. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Capital investments KW - Commuter service KW - Driver rehabilitation KW - Forecasting KW - Fta section 6 KW - Improvements KW - Intercity passenger services KW - Level of service KW - Passenger service KW - Quality of service KW - Rail transit KW - Rehabilitation KW - Traffic estimation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380204 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634647 AU - Dietrich, F M AU - Jacobs, W E AU - Electric Research and Management, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC FIELD TESTING OF THE FRENCH TRAIN A GRANDE VITESSE (TGV). VOLUME 2 - APPENDICES PY - 1993/05 SP - 422 p. AB - The safety of magnetically levitated (maglev) and high speed rail (HSR) trains proposed for application in the United States is the responsibility of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). A franchise has been awarded to the Texas High Speed Rail Corporation to operate a 200 mph French train A Grande Vitesse (TGV) in the Texas triangle (Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, San Antonio), with construction to beginn in 1995. This report provides the Analysis (Vol. 1) of results, and detailed data and statistical summaries (Vol. 2) of representative electric and magnetic field (EMF) profiles on TGV-A trains between Paris and Tours for two electro-technologies (1.5 KV DC near Paris, and 2x25 KV at 50 Hz AC). EMF data represent a range of train operating conditions and locations (in vehicles, stations and wayside), as well as in traffic control and electrical facilities. A portable magnetic field monitoring system was used to sample, record and store 3 axis static and AC magnetic fields waveforms simultaneously, at multiple locations. A real time Digital Audio Tape recorder able to capture EMF transients, and two personal power-frequency magnetic field monitors were used to collect complementary data. This volume catalogs and documents detailed data files by electro-technology, source and location. KW - Alternating current KW - Electric fields KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - Electrostatics KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Statistics KW - Traffic signal controllers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374896 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634686 AU - U.S. General Accounting Office AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE FUELED VEHICLES: POTENTIAL IMPACT OF EXEMPTIONS FROM TRANSPORTATION CONTROL MEASURES. U.S. GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE REPORT TO THE CHAIRMAN, SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENERGY & POWER, COMMITTEE ON ENERGY & COMMERCE, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PY - 1993/04/01 SP - 35 p. AB - In recent years, the Congress has passed legislation to reduce air pollution and petroleum dependence by promoting use of alternative-fueled vehicles (AVF). However, a variety of barriers including higher vehicle costs and uncertainty about the availability of alternative fuels may deter businesses and consumers from purchasing AFVs. To encourage the purchase of AFVs, Federal legislation has been proposed that would offer potential buyers exemptions from certain transportation control measures (TCM). TCMs are designed to reduce traffic congestion and lower vehicle emissions as well as place restrictions on the operation of vehicles (HOV lanes). Exemptions would permit owners of AFVs to avoid these restrictions. This GAO report examined the implications of exempting AFVs from TCMs. The report examined the potential effect of exemptions in increasing the purchase of AFVs and the use of alternative fuels; the views of government and industry and others on whether an exemption program should be under Federal or State control; the potential reaction of the general public to exemptions; impacts of exemptions on TCM enforcement; and the specific types of AFVs that might receive exemptions. KW - Air pollution KW - Air quality KW - Air quality management KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean air KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Diesel fuels KW - Fuel systems KW - Pollution control KW - Traffic congestion UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374909 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647993 AU - Godazi, K AU - Lewis, C A AU - Sabouni, I AU - Texas Southern University, Houston AU - Southwest Region University Transportation Center TI - A STUDY OF TRANSIT ALTERNATIVES IN THE HOUSTON BELT-TSU RAILROAD CORRIDOR PY - 1993/04 SP - 37 p. AB - Railway operations have been discontinued in the Houston Belt and Terminal corridor which traverses southeast Houston and the Texas Southern University campus. The local transit authority has had several rail alternatives proposed for the corridor. While transit development of the railroad corridor would be expected to improve mobility in near southeast Houston, little effort had been focused on the range of options available for this corridor or the affect the alternatives would have on the Texas Southern University campus. This study focuses on the assessment of four basic alternatives from the perspective of advantages and utility to the Texas Southern community. The methodology and recommondations are to provide a basis for discussion for decision makers and a framework for analysis by others examinig potential uses for abandoned railroads. Energy savings from this project will result with the increase in non-motor accessibility to the Texas Southern University Campus via the recommended alternative. This application can be extended to other communities in Texas to further encourage alternative pedestrian and bicycle travel. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Bicycle lanes KW - Finance KW - Pedestrian malls KW - Pedestrian traffic KW - Railroad rights of way KW - Railroads KW - Right of way (Land) KW - Texas KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387385 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647994 AU - Lede, N W AU - Texas Southern University, Houston AU - Southwest Region University Transportation Center TI - SUBURBAN EMPLOYMENT GROWTH AND PUBLIC TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS PY - 1993/04 SP - 65 p. AB - A central feature of population growth and expansion has been spatially uneven development in central cities and suburban areas. This study describes the results of a research which was designed to examine critical issues pertaining to suburban employment, population growth and dispersion, and public transit accessibility and availability for residents in the central city. The study explores the scope of suburban employment opportunities and public transit access to them and relates these findings to spatial-specific factors and other impediments to job opportunities and access. Four primary sources of information were used in this study. One source involved the review of relevant studies pertaining to urban/suburban growth, economic activity, land use, transportation availability and accessibility. Another source involved a survey of residents in two study areas with large concentrations of inner city residents, particularly minority groups. Using a random sample of residents in these areas, data on demographic characteristics and travel behavior were collected. To augment this information, telephone interviews were conducted with other scholars, public officials, and transportation professionals throughout the United States and North America about population migration and growth. These data, combined with a series of special studies on employment growth, suburban mobility, and travel characteristics, and site visits to several suburban activity centers, round out the pool of information from which many of the findings were drawn. KW - Accessibility KW - Availability KW - Central business districts KW - Commuting KW - Economic development KW - Economic growth KW - Employment KW - Inner cities KW - Minorities KW - Mobility KW - Public transit KW - Suburbs KW - Supply KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387386 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644047 AU - Sands, B D AU - University of California Transportation Center (UCTC) AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - California Department of Transportation TI - THE DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS OF HIGH-SPEED RAIL STATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CALIFORNIA PY - 1993/04 SP - 59 p. AB - High-speed rail is the most visible form of new technology accompanying and enhancing the transformation to an information-based economy, and is likely to have the greatest spatial development effects of any of these technologies. This report studies the development effects of high-speed rail stations on behalf of the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), which is currently considering the use of high-speed rail in California. The focus of this paper is on the development effects of a high-speed rail system at the regional, urban, and station levels, with emphasis on the last. The primary effects analyzed are changes in the following: business behavior; real estate values; business and employment location; and residential location. Other related effects of interest are changes in ridership, population and employment growth, overall economic activity, and any public sector activity that affects development. KW - California KW - Economic factors KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Land use KW - Land use effects KW - Passenger terminals KW - Railroad stations KW - Regional development KW - Socioeconomic development KW - Technological innovations KW - Urban development UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/115.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386313 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644045 AU - MacDorman & Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Comsis Corporation TI - PPTN - THE TRANSIT INFORMATION EXCHANGE. ANNUAL REPORT, MAY 1992 - APRIL 1993 PY - 1993/04 SP - 76 p. AB - The Public Private Transportation Network (PPTN), an FTA-sponsored program, is designed to promote the adoption of innovative techniques through the provision of targeted technical assistance to the transit industry, as well as to business and community based leaders, and private providers. PPTN is a reactive assistance program, that is, it responds to requests for assistance. This annual report describes the PPTN activities that were performed in each of the following areas during the second year of MacDorman/COMSIS management of the PPTN: Maintain and operate a National PPTN office; Identification and certification of potential developer demonstrators; Support for experts; Develop improved technical assistance techniques, information aides, and support materials to assist in the adoption of innovative techniques and methods of providing public transportation services; Design and implement a program to respond to requests for workshops, seminars, meetings, etc.; Special tasks; and Monthly, financial, annual, and final reports. KW - Fta section 6 KW - Information dissemination KW - Information exchange KW - Information organization KW - Innovation KW - Planning KW - Public private partnerships KW - Technical assistance KW - Transit information exchange UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386311 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644046 AU - Leavitt, D AU - Ennis, S AU - McGovern, P AU - University of California Transportation Center (UCTC) AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - California Department of Transportation TI - THE COST ESCALATION OF RAIL PROJECTS: USING PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE TO RE-EVALUATE THE CALSPEED ESTIMATES PY - 1993/04 SP - 103 p. AB - This report, UCTC No. 156, is a follow-up study to CalSpeed publication, "High Speed Trains for California", Working Paper No. 565. The purpose of this paper is to test rigorously and critically the cost estimate methodology presented in that previous working paper. That has been accomplished primarily by focusing on the issue of cost escalation of rail projects, with reference to both U.S. and foreign experience. The report is divided into two parts. The first examines the cost escalation of previous rail projects and reviews some researchers' arguments that preliminary cost estimates of rail projects have been routinely underestimated. The examples provided cover a wide range of rail projects, including high-speed and conventional, and both international and American rail projects. The section concludes with some ideas about why the costs of rail projects have escalated and how past experience can lead to improved cost estimates. The second part uses the first section's conclusions as a basis for a systematic re-evaluation of the original CalSpeed planning estimates. KW - California KW - Cost escalation KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Inflation KW - Methodology KW - Railroad transportation KW - University Transportation Centers Program UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/156.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386312 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00712827 AU - Utah Transit Authority AU - Reavely Engineers and Associates, Incorporated AU - VSP Associates, Incorporated TI - UTAH TRANSIT AUTHORITY EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS STUDY: SEISMIC VULNERABILITY EVALUATION OF WASATCH FRONT FACILITIES PY - 1993/03/31 SP - v.p. AB - The intention of this investigation was to conduct a rapid visual structural and non-structural seismic vulnerability evaluation of the Utah Transit Authorities Wasatch Front facilities. The four facilities studied are: Central Division, Salt Lake City; Meadowbrook Division, Salt Lake City; Timpanogos Division, Orem; and Mount Ogden Division, Ogden. The study will attempt to determine whether a building is earthquake resistant or vulnerable to seismic disturbances. KW - Defects KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Seismic properties KW - Seismic response KW - Seismicity KW - Structural damage KW - Structures UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/450445 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639235 AU - Branch, P R AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NATIONAL BUS SPARE RATIO STUDY PY - 1993/03/30 SP - 45 p. AB - This 45 page National Bus Spare Ratio Study is updated annually by the FTA Office of Capital and Formula Assistance to monitor the bus spare ratios of the Nation's transit industry. The study examined a sample of the transit industry reporting Section 15 data for all categories except for small agencies operating less than 50 vehicles in maximum service. Next year the study will contain the full Section 15 database. This study contains graphical information for transit systems with 50-90 VOMS (vehicles operated in maximum service); 100-259 VOMS; 260-499 VOMS, 500-999 VOMS; and systems with over 1000 VOMS. Basically, the number of spare buses in the active fleet for grantees operating 50 or more revenue buses in the active fleet should normally not exceed 20% of the VOMS. However, this study indicated that in 1990, 18 transit agencies operated at spare ratios in excess of 30%. KW - Bus procurement grants KW - Buses KW - Capital costs KW - Fta section 9 KW - Industries KW - National bus spare ratio KW - Public transit KW - Regulations KW - Spare parts KW - Statistical analysis KW - Transportation equipment industry KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Vehicle fleets KW - Vehicles operated in maximum service UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/24000/24900/24952/Paper_No_940761.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380601 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639239 AU - Lyons, W AU - Jensen-Fisher, R AU - Ducca, F AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REVIEW OF THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS IN THE PITTSBURGH METROPOLITAN AREA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993/03/30 SP - 51 p. AB - This report is a comprehensive review of the planning process in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, conducted by the FHWA and FTA headquarters and regional staffs with input from state, regional and local transportation agencies. The purpose of this review was to determine how successfully the urban transportation planning process (UTPP) addresses the regional transportation needs, and whether the planning process meets the requirements of the joint planning regulations. The review focused on the transportation and air quality planning activities for the Pittsburgh region. The federal team reviewed supporting documentation that included the State Implementation Plan for air quality planning; the UPWP; the 1984 long range regional transportation plan; the Transportation Improvement Program; and other technical materials related to the UTPP. KW - Acceptance tests KW - Administration KW - Air quality KW - City planning KW - Clean air KW - Federal laws KW - Federal regulations KW - Fta section 8 KW - Investment planning KW - Investments KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) KW - Planning KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/4000/4200/4296/46.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380605 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639238 AU - Lyons, W AU - Deysher, B AU - Jacobs, M AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REVIEW OF THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS IN THE KANSAS CITY METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1993/03/30 SP - 44 p. AB - This report is the first in a series produced for the FTA and the FHWA by the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (VNTSC). The report is a comprehensive review of the Kansas City urbanized area, conducted by the FHWA and FTA headquarters and regional staffs with input from state and regional transportation entities, that takes place of the 1991 compliance review of Mid-America Regional Council (MARC). The purpose of this review is to allow the FHWA and FTA to determine how successfully the Urban Transportation Planning Process (UTPP) addresses regional transportation needs, and whether the planning process meets the requirements of the joint planning process. KW - Compliance KW - Kansas City Metropolitan Area KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Mobility KW - Plan implementation KW - Regional planning KW - State government agencies KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban areas KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/4000/4300/4300/47.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380604 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01590823 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Fourth Transit Planning and Research Priorities Workshop PY - 1993/03/15 SP - 48p AB - The chapters in this report are synopses of the six sessions of the Fourth Federal Transit Administration Transit Planning and Research Workshop. This workshop was held in Alexandria, VA on March 15 and 16, 1993, hereafter referred as the time of the big snow. The Workshop was divided into six breakout sessions: Advanced Public Transportation Systems, Engineering, Finance, Management, Planning and Services. A number of registrants and breakout session leaders were not able to get to the workshop due to unruly weather conditions. The participants at this workshop were charged with examining the entire planning and research program in light of the Federal Transit Administration's initiatives of insuring safety, promoting economic growth, advancing transportation technology, strengthening the environment and fostering intermodalism. Also, each breakout session was asked to come up with comments on Information Dissemination and Coordination and a strategy for improvements in these areas. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Engineering KW - Finance KW - Management KW - Research KW - Strategic planning KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Workshops UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56410/fourthtransitpla00unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395975 ER - TY - ABST AN - 01486793 TI - Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium AB - This project is researching the development and demonstrate of supporting technology and hardware for the rapid recharging and battery management of lead-acid battery systems. Rapid recharging of lead acid batteries increase the range available and extend the useful cycle life of lead-acid batteries KW - Battery chargers KW - Electric vehicles KW - Lead acid batteries KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Rechargeable batteries KW - Service life UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1256579 ER - TY - ABST AN - 01546015 TI - Legal Aspects of Transit and Intermodal Transportation Programs AB - The Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Legal Research Digest series reports on legal issues associated with transit and intermodal law. Each document is intended to provide transit attorneys with authoritative, well-researched, specific information that is limited in scope. The studies focus on legal issues and problems having national significance to the transit industry. The Legal Research Digest provides transit-related legal research on a wide variety of legal topics including: (1) Environmental standards and requirements; (2) Construction and procurement contract procedures and administration; (3) Civil rights and labor standards; (4) Tort liability, risk management, and system safety. In other areas of the law, transit programs may involve legal problems and issues that are not shared with other modes; as, for example, compliance with transit-equipment and operations guidelines, Federal Transit Administration (FTA) financing initiatives, private sector programs, and labor or environmental standards relating to transit operations. Emphasis would be on research of current importance and applicability to transit and intermodal operations and programs. KW - Civil rights KW - Contract administration KW - Environmental policy KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Law KW - Public transit KW - Risk management KW - Tort liability UR - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=1171 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332967 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638176 AU - Sheppard, W J AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE SUMMARY. CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1993/03/01 SP - 20 p. AB - This 20 page document is a compilation of alternative fuel costs that provides both current and historical fuel cost information. Since fuel costs vary over time and by location, this report does not track all such variations. But, by using representative or averaged values, an attempt is made to place the costs of transit fuel alternatives in perspective. This report consists of a glossary, list of references and numerous charts displaying alternative fuel data and price per unit information for methanol, ethanol, natural gas, LPG-propane, unleaded gasoline, diesel fuel and price to large users. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean air program KW - Cost data KW - Costs KW - Diesel fuels KW - Economic analysis KW - Economic analysis (Fuels) KW - Ethanol KW - Fta section 6 KW - Fuel costs KW - Fuels KW - Liquefied petroleum gas KW - Liquid petroleum gas KW - Methanol KW - Natural gas KW - Unleaded gasoline UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380228 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00637667 AU - Petersen, J L AU - Arlington Institute AU - Technology Sharing Program TI - THE ROAD TO 2012: LOOKING TOWARDS THE NEXT TWO DECADES PY - 1993/03 SP - 359 p. AB - This report was prepared for the U.S. Coast Guard's Strategic Planning Staff. It is a scan of the global environment in which the Coast Guard is likely to operate in the next 20 years. By design, it does not define or speculate on the Coast Guard's future or how it might relate to the future environment. Rather, it has wide application across government and private sectors. It emphasizes the critical roles that political, economic, societal, technological, and environmental driving forces have in shaping the future. It provides a seedbed of ideas to allow the crafting of plausible future scenarios for strategic planning purposes. The report is organized as follows: Executive Summary; Introduction; Social Values; Technology; Economics; Politics; Environment; Energy; Population; Health; Transportation; Commercial Space; Crosscuts & Wild Cards; and Appendix. The section on Transportation looks at the significant advances taking place in all sectors of transportation that will dramatically change the way we work and travel in the next two decades. Topics covered include public transportation (magnetic levitation and high speed trains, supersonic transport aircraft, magnetohydrodynamic ship propulsion); private transport (electric automobiles, alternative fuel vehicles, and Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems); commercial transport; transportation and information technology; technology and transportation regulation; and transportation planning as a system. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Commercial transportation KW - Electric automobiles KW - High speed rail KW - Information technology KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Magnetohydrodynamics KW - Private transportation KW - Propulsion KW - Public transit KW - Regulation KW - Ships KW - Strategic planning KW - Supersonic aircraft KW - Technology KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation technology KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - United States Coast Guard UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380028 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666311 AU - Behnke, R W AU - Aegis Transportation Information Systems, Incorporated AU - Technology Sharing Program AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COST ESTIMATES FOR SELECTED CALIFORNIA SMART TRAVELER OPERATIONAL TESTS. VOLUME 2. APPENDICES PY - 1993/03 SP - 103 p. AB - The study explores the costs of telephone-based information systems which can be used to develop new types of public transportation services, and integrate these services with conventional transit. The cost estimates focus on three areas in California, and were based in large measure on data from Germany and an operational test of a 'smart bus' system in Shellharbour, New South Wales, Australia. The study also compares the costs of expanding conventional transit services to reduce traffic congestion, air pollution, and mobility problems in suburban areas. The appendix includes travel data on commuter trips, a cost-benefit analysis of German and Australian 'smart buses', operational data from the Australian test, and operational test cost estimates for three California sites. KW - Air quality management KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Buses KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimates KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Mobility KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Smart buses KW - Smart traveler KW - Suburbs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405843 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633916 AU - Tucci, J AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - 1992 STATISTICAL SUMMARIES. FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION GRANT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS PY - 1993/03 SP - 124 p. AB - The fiscal year 1992 "Statistical Summaries" presents selected data on the distribution and use of various program funds administered by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). The programs discussed are the principal source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas for mass transportation. The data is compiled from the capital, operating and the planning assistance grants awarded to transit authorities, States and other units of local governments. This data is represented in the various tables, charts and graphs which are identified in the table of contents. KW - Fta section 8 KW - Grant aid KW - Grants management KW - Local government KW - Planning KW - State government KW - Statistics KW - Urban transit UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56308/1992statisticals00msjo_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374543 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638160 AU - Behnke, R W AU - Aegis Transportation Information Systems, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COST ESTIMATES FOR SELECTED CALIFORNIA SMART TRAVELER OPERATIONAL TESTS PY - 1993/03 SP - 47 p. AB - The original "California Smart Traveler" report describes how telephone-based information systems can be used to develop new types of public transportation services (e.g. single-trip carpools) and to integrate these new services with conventional transit, paratransit and ridesharing modes. This report provides estimates of the costs of conducting operational tests of California Smart Traveler concepts in 1) San Ramon/Pleasanton/Livermore, 2) UCLA/Westwood, and 3) San Diego's North City area. These cost estimates were based in large measure on data from Germany and on discussions with German and Australian transit experts who are now conducting an operational test of a "smart-bus" system in Shellharbour, New South Wales. This report also compares the costs of using "smart traveler" approaches with the costs of expanding conventional transit services to reduce traffic congestion, air pollution and mobility problems in suburban areas, where most people in U.S. metropolitan areas now live and work. The executive Summary outlines why "smart traveler" systems should be recognized as an outstanding business opportunity by on-line information service providers. KW - Advanced systems KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimates KW - Fta section 6 KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Operational analysis KW - Operations KW - Smart traveler systems KW - Telephone UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380223 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634144 AU - Zegeer, C V AU - Huang, H F AU - Hummer, J V AU - Stutts, J C AU - Rodgman, E A AU - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill TI - CHARACTERISTICS AND SOLUTIONS RELATED TO BUS TRANSIT ACCIDENTS PY - 1993/03 SP - 77 p. AB - Accidents involving buses are a serious highway safety problem, resulting in about 15,000 injuries in the U.S. each year. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of bus accidents and recommend countermeasures. Analyses were carried out on a primary study file of 8,897 commercial bus crashes in five states and other accident data. The most important results of these analyses are related to temporal factors, vehicle factors, driver factors, and accident types. For example, the overall number of crashes was highest in winter months, older buses were overrepresented in injury and fatal crashes compared to newer buses, neither bus driver age nor gender was related to accident involvement, and the most common bus accident types were rear-end with one vehicle stopped, sideswipe same-direction, and turning. Bus passenger injury data were also analyzed and revealed that one-third of all non-collision passenger injuries occurred during boarding and alighting and another one-fourth occurred during stopping. KW - Bus transit KW - Crash causes KW - Injuries KW - Passenger injuries KW - Passengers KW - Prevention KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374644 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643939 AU - Schrank, D L AU - Turner, S M AU - Lomax, T J AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Texas Department of Transportation AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - ESTIMATES OF URBAN ROADWAY CONGESTION - 1990. INTERIM REPORT PY - 1993/03 SP - 82 p. AB - This research report is the fifth year continuation of a six year research effort focused on quantifying urban mobility. This study contains the facility information for 50 urban areas throughout the country. The database used for this research contains vehicle-miles of travel, urban area information, and facility mileage data from 1982 to 1990. Various federal, state, and local agencies provided the information used to update and verify the primary database. The primary database and source of information is the Federal Highway Administration's Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS). Vehicle-miles of travel and lane-mile data were combined to develop Roadway Congestion Index (RCI) values for 50 urban areas including the 7 largest in Texas. These RCI values provide an indicator of the relative mobility level within an urban area. An analysis of the impacts and cost of congestion was also performed using travel delay, increased fuel consumption, and additional facility lane-miles as measures of urban mobility. Congestion costs were estimated on an areawide, per registered vehicle, and per capita basis. KW - Congestion KW - Economic analysis KW - Mobility KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic delays KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban areas KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/7000/7000/7001/925.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386228 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666310 AU - Behnke, R W AU - Aegis Transportation Information Systems, Incorporated AU - Technology Sharing Program AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COST ESTIMATES FOR SELECTED CALIFORNIA SMART TRAVELER OPERATIONAL TESTS. VOLUME 1. TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1993/03 SP - 54 p. AB - The report explores the costs of telephone-based information systems which can be used to develop new types of public transportation services, and integrate these services with conventional transit. The cost estimates it makes focus on three areas in California, and were based in large measure on data from Germany and an operational test of a 'smart bus' system in Shellharbour, New South Wales, Australia. The report also compares the costs of using 'smart traveler' approaches with the costs of expanding conventional transit services to reduce traffic congestion, air pollution, and mobility problems in suburban areas. KW - Air quality management KW - Buses KW - Congestion management systems KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimates KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Mobility KW - Smart buses KW - Smart traveler KW - Suburbs UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/7000/7000/7020/772.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405842 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646989 AU - Harrison, J AU - Little (Arthur D), Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade and Douglas, Incorporated AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - SAFETY OF HIGH SPEED GUIDED GROUND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: COLLISION AVOIDANCE AND ACCIDENT SURVIVABILITY. VOLUME 2: COLLISION AVOIDANCE PY - 1993/03 SP - 138 p. AB - This report is the second of four volumes concerned with developing safety guidelines and specifications for high-speed guided ground transportation (HSGGT) collision avoidance and accident survivability. The overall approach taken in this study is to first formulate collision scenarios to which an HSGGT system may be exposed. Then existing U.S. and foreign rules, regulations, standards and practices concerned with either preventing the occurrence of a collision, or mitigating the consequences of a collision are reviewed, together with pertinent practices from other forms of transportation, leading to the formulation of guidelines and specifications for collision avoidance and accident survivability. The volume, addressing collision avoidance, describes the features of signal and train control systems used in existing high speed rail, conventional rail and mass transit systems, and other measures to prevent collisions such as prevention of right-of-way intrusions. A description is provided of the interaction between collision avoidance system characteristics and capabilities, and HSGGT system capacity and reliability. Finally, guidelines are developed for collision avoidance systems to be applied to HSGGT systems in the United States. KW - Crash avoidance systems KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Railroad signaling KW - Railroad signals KW - Survival KW - Transportation safety UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/22000/22300/22367/ord9302_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386957 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643931 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - REVIEW OF THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS IN THE PITTSBURGH METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1993/03 SP - 43 p. AB - This formal, comprehensive review of the planning process in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area, conducted by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) headquarters and regional staff, with input from state, regional and local transportation entities, takes place of the 1992 planning review of the Pittsburgh metropolitan planning organization (MPO). This report evaluates transportation planning in the Pittsburgh region and summarizes the results of the review in a series of findings and suggestions on planning practices. KW - Local government KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Regional transportation KW - State departments of transportation KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Transportation planning UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/4000/4200/4296/46.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386222 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640096 AU - Sheppard, W J AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE FUEL COST SUMMARY TO OFFICE OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION PY - 1993/03 SP - v.p. AB - Controlling fuel costs is a continuing challenge and concern to the transit operator. This compilation of alternative fuel costs is offered to provide both current and historical fuel cost information. Fuel costs vary over time and by location, therefore these variations can not be tracked with great detail. The report uses representative or averaged values to place the costs of transit fuel alternatives in perspective. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean air program KW - Clean fuels KW - Costs KW - Fuel costs KW - Fuels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382035 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640056 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - RAIL OPERATIONS CONTROL CENTERS SURVEY PY - 1993/03 SP - v.p. AB - Through participation by transit properties, the American Public Transit Association Operations Management and Control Centers Subcommittee of the Operations Committee has surveyed and collected data on a multiplicity of control centers of new and old transit properties throughout United States, as well as some that are currently under design and construction. This data has been tabulated in matrix format in this document. Additionally, narrative descriptions of these control centers have been included by appendices. KW - Control KW - Control location KW - Data analysis KW - Data collection KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Public transit KW - Surveys KW - Transit properties KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382032 ER - TY - ABST AN - 01547905 TI - Dissemination and Implementation of TCRP Research Findings AB - The Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) was established in 1992 to provide a continuing program of applied research on transit issues. The program is sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and carried out under a three-way agreement among the National Academies (the Academies), acting through its Transportation Research Board (TRB); the Transit Development Corporation, an educational and research arm of the American Public Transit Association (APTA); and the FTA. TCRP focuses on issues significant to the transit industry, with emphasis on developing near-term research solutions to a variety of transit problems, involving facilities, vehicles, equipment, service concepts, operations, policy, planning, human resources, maintenance, and administrative practices. Thus, research agencies for TCRP are required to report their results in a form that succinctly summarizes the findings in language that is understandable to transit managers, professionals, and administrators. In addition to publication, measures are taken to ensure that useful research results are made immediately available to appropriate personnel through TRB's distribution system. Further dissemination of the reports and support products is carried out according to the Dissemination Plan developed by APTA under TCRP Project J-1, "Dissemination and Implementation of TCRP Research Findings." The purpose of Project J-1 is to ensure that TCRP products reach the appropriate transit industry audience, including, but not limited to, dissemination at conferences, workshops, other related venues and through the program's website, tcrponline.org. In addition, the TCRP Ambassador Program was initiated in spring 1997 to create a network of transit professionals to represent TCRP at national, state, and local conferences. Through a competitive process, a number of transit individuals are selected each year for two-year terms as TCRP Ambassadors. They provide peer-to-peer presentations of research results at regional conferences or at selected transit agencies.The TCRP Project J-1 Panel meets periodically to review program activities, advise, and to review the project budget for each fiscal year. KW - Implementation KW - Information dissemination KW - Information technology KW - Policy making KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Websites (Information retrieval) KW - Workshops UR - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=1166 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335553 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634145 AU - Hofeldt, D L AU - University of Minnesota, St Paul TI - EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL OPTIONS FOR HEAVY-DUTY TRANSIT VEHICLES PY - 1993/02/01 SP - 78 p. AB - The purpose of this report is to present a critical assessment of the current state-of-the-art of alternative fuel technologies for heavy-duty transit vehicles. Fuels considered include compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), methanol, ethanol, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), hydrogen, and several advanced battery and fuel cell technologies. For each fuel type, results from the recent literature are collected to allow comparison of the combustion methods, emissions, power output, fuel efficiency, range, refueling requirements, development status, safety aspects, and infrastructure requirements of various engine designs. Since many of the engines are under various stages of development, data for operation and maintenance costs are somewhat scarce; however, such information is provided when possible. Short descriptions of problems remaining to be solved are given, but detailed comparisons between technologies are witheld until the discussion and comparison section in order to avoid biasing the initial presentations. The economic implications of the various strategies are discussed in relation to the technical performance: current and proposed emission standards are listed, along with with trends in light-duty and stationary applications involving the various fuels. Estimates of the capital cost and fuel economy of the verious designs have been made, and the feasibility of retrofits versus dedicated engines are presented. A relative cost/benefit scale is formulated and used to rate technologies, and the importance of the relative weighting factors in determining the outcome is discussed. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Economic impacts KW - Fuel conservation KW - Heavy duty vehicles KW - State of the art reports KW - Technology assessment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374645 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628157 AU - Rodano, E M AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PROGRAMS: FISCAL YEAR 1992 PROJECT DIRECTORY PY - 1993/02 SP - 113 p. AB - This directory contains brief descriptions of Technical Assistance and Safety Projects initiated during Fiscal Year 1992 by the Office of Technical Assistance and Safety (TTS), Federal Transit Administration (FTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Its purpose is to inform the public, and especially the transit industry, of the nature and scope of work underway to assist State and local agencies in improving services and reducing the cost of public transit. Under the Technical Assistance and Safety Program, assistance is provided to a broad range of disciplines, including Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS), Clean Air, Finance, Human Resources and Productivity, Information, Regional Mobility, Safety and Security, Technology Development, Transit Accessibility, Planning and Project Development, Transit Cooperative Research, University Transportation Centers, and the National Transit Institute. KW - Accessibility KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Air quality KW - Clean air KW - Cooperative research KW - Finance KW - Fta section 6 KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Mobility KW - Planning KW - Rural transit KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Technical assistance KW - Technology UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56573/technicalassist5931edit_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369007 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00750940 AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration TI - DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION'S INTELLIGENT VEHICLE HIGHWAY SYSTEMS PROJECTS PY - 1993/02 SP - 214 p. AB - The Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) program consists of a range of advanced technologies and concepts which, in combination, can improve mobility and transportation productivity, enhance safety, maximize the use of existing transportation facilities, conserve energy resources, and reduce adverse environmental effects. The national IVHS program includes a range of initiatives in the areas of research and development, system architecture development, operational tests, institutional/policy projects, and deployment projects. The objective of this report is to (1) describe those IVHS projects funded by the Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration, and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and (2) provide those interested in the IVHS program with a progress status using the milestones from the Department of Transportation's IVHS Strategic Plan (December 1992). KW - Demonstration projects KW - Deployment KW - Development KW - Institutional issues KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Socioeconomic development KW - System architecture KW - System design KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/16000/16600/16683/PB2000104492.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/484524 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634242 AU - Rudich, R AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - SAFETY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION STATISTICS (SAMIS) 1991 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1993/02 SP - 28 p. AB - The Safety Management Information Statistics 1991 Annual Report is a compilation and analysis of mass transit accident and casualty statistics reported by transit systems in the United States during 1991, under FTA's Section 15 reporting system. KW - Crashes KW - Fatalities KW - Fta section 15 KW - Injuries KW - Safety KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374679 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664680 AU - Pilsch, M C AU - University of Massachusetts, Boston AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE IMPACT OF THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990 ON THE WATERBORNE PASSENGER VESSEL INDUSTRY PY - 1993/02 SP - 61 p. AB - The purpose of this study was to investigate and determine the impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) on the United States passenger vessel industry and to present findings which would lead to the formulation of regulations implementing the ADA for waterborne passenger transportation systems, namely, the ferryboat and excursion boat industries. Research tasks included a review of the regulations and guidelines produced by federal, state, and local sources relative to ADA, the Air Carrier Access Act and the U.S. Coast Guard regulations used to regulate the passenger vessel industry. Other tasks included the issues of accessibility in marine passenger terminals, namely, the transition from land side passenger facilities to the vessels and the accessibility issues on the vessels themselves. The study recommends the DOT, Justice Department, the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board and the U.S. Coast Guard to organize a working group to coordinate their respective points of conflict within the ADA, DOT regulations, ATBCB guidelines and U.S. Coast Guard regulations. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Federal laws KW - Federal regulations KW - Ferry service KW - Passenger ships KW - Passenger vessels KW - Shipping KW - Special user groups KW - Water transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405392 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644036 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROCEDURES AND TECHNICAL METHODS FOR TRANSIT PROJECT PLANNING. FEBRUARY 1993 SUPPLEMENT PY - 1993/02 SP - v.p. AB - This report presents a comprehensive, integrated planning process for developing and evaluating major transit capital projects. The process applies to fixed guideway projects (new rail lines, busways, peoplemovers) and guideway extensions. The report is organized into three sections: Major Capital Investments Planning Process; Conduct of Technical Analysis; and Decisionmaking Process. KW - Busways KW - Capital KW - Decision making KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - People movers KW - Planning methods KW - Procedures KW - Programming (Planning) KW - Rail transit KW - Technical analysis KW - Technology assessment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388668 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644030 AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - INTELLIGENT VEHICLE HIGHWAY SYSTEMS (IVHS). DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PY - 1993/02 SP - 213 p. AB - The IVHS National Program consists of a range of advanced technologies and concepts which, in combination, can improve mobility and transportation productivity, enhance safety, maximize use of existing facilities, conserve energy, and reduce adverse environmental effects. This report rescribes the IVHS projects funded by the Department of Transportation modal administrations, namely, the FHWA, FTA, and NHTSA; and provides those persons interested in the IVHS program with a progress status report. KW - Energy conservation KW - Environmental impacts KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Mobility KW - National transportation policies KW - Safety KW - Technological innovations KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386302 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00644028 JO - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DECISIONMAKER PB - United States Conference of Mayors AU - United States Conference of Mayors AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DECISIONMAKER. A JOURNAL FOR LOCAL AND STATE POLICYMAKERS PY - 1993/02 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 28 p. AB - This winter issue focuses on the complexities of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 and the changing effect on the nation's surface transportation policy. Three articles in the Forum section of the journal discuss the issue of dedicated taxes - one case for, one against and one article examines the track record of sales tax elections. The other eight articles feature ISTEA in terms of a new vision, the Federal corner, a revolution, the great compromise, implementation, an MPO battle for change, advantages of flexibility, and a consensus building mechanism. KW - Decision making KW - Flexibility KW - Government policies KW - Ground transportation KW - Implementation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Taxation KW - Transportation policy UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/389125 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00643971 AU - Peyrebrune, H L AU - Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES PY - 1993/02 SP - p. 151-158 AB - Understanding the IVHS program in Japan and the potential role of IVHS in the total transportation system requires detailed knowledge of the existing transportation situation in Japan, the political and institutional setting and future strategic plans dealing with growth, economic development, land use and the future role of transportation. This paper is prepared from observations made during the ITE Japan IVHS Study Tour as well as review of material obtained during the trip. The author concludes that the study mission was not provided with a picture of the future strategic transportation plans for the country or for the major metropolitan areas; the focus seemed to be on the highway system; and the public transportation systems were not getting priority in terms of IVHS funding and research. U1 - 1992 Japan IVHS Study TourInstitute of Transportation Engineers and Federal Transit AdministrationJapan StartDate:19921107 EndDate:19921118 Sponsors:Institute of Transportation Engineers and Federal Transit Administration KW - Institutional issues KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Japan KW - National transportation policies KW - Political factors KW - Public transit KW - Strategic planning KW - Technology KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/389120 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638138 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - OFFICE OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PROGRAM SUMMARY 1992-1993 PY - 1993/02 SP - v.p. AB - The Office of Technical Assistance and Safety facilitates improvements in mass transportation service, equipment, techniques, methods, management, planning, and engineering by providing technical assistance and training to all entities involved with mass transit. This document presents a brief summary of each of the major program areas that are managed within the office. Each program summary includes an abbreviated project description, recent program accomplishment, and 1993 program plan. KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Istea KW - Program management KW - Project analysis KW - Project management KW - Public transit KW - Technical assistance KW - Transit planning and research KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381985 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638169 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION LOCAL DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM. PHASE I 1991-1992. TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR TRANSIT USERS WITH DISABILITIES PY - 1993/01/30 SP - v.p. AB - This report was developed with assistance derived from the Federal Transit Act, as amended, through a Cooperative Agreement with the Federal Transit Administration and Project ACTION of the National Easter Seal Society. The following training programs are described: Training transit users with disabilities as driver trainers; transit training for people with disabilities; transit training curriculum for people with disabilities; Schuykill County employment and carpooling training program; identification, marketing, and training of people with disabilities; people accessing community transportation; outreach, marketing, and training for people with disabilities; a mobility training project; and, training project for people with disabilities. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Community action programs KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 6 KW - Mobility KW - Outreach KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Project action KW - Public transit KW - Social service agencies KW - Training programs KW - Transit riders UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381991 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638170 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION LOCAL DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM. PHASE I 1991-1992. TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR TRANSIT PERSONNEL PY - 1993/01/30 SP - v.p. AB - This report was developed with assistance derived from the Federal Transit Act, as amended, through a Cooperative Agreement with the Federal Transit Adminstration and Project ACTION of the National Easter Seal Society. The following training programs are described: training transit users with disabilities as driver trainers; hidden disabilities videotapes; emergency evacuation of passengers with disabilities from rapid transit cars; inter-regional travel initiative project; and Project USE. For additional information, contact Project ACTION in Washington, DC at 202-347-3066. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Demonstration program KW - Demonstration projects KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 6 KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Project action KW - Public transit KW - Training programs KW - Transit personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381992 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634682 AU - Menczer, W B AU - ATE Management and Service Company, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BUS SUPPORT FACILITIES: CONDITIONS AND NEEDS PY - 1993/01/01 SP - 242 p. AB - This three chapter report focuses on the current condition of the nation's bus support facility infrastructure. The purpose of the study was to develop estimates of the current condition of the nation's transit bus maintenance facilities and the capital investment needs to assure that these facilities remain in good condition. Transit bus systems (213), requiring 25 or more vehicles to provide maximum revenue service, formed the basis for this review of capital facility conditions and needs. The operators surveyed represent about 95 percent of all bus service, and chapter 2 summarizes the results of this survey analysis. Basically, the project tasks were (1) to assess the industry's projected capital needs for bus support facilities for FYs 1993-1997, and (2) to assess current conditions at specific bus support facilities. Chapter 3 addresses task 2 in terms of the lessons to be learned from case studies (9) of selected existing bus facilities that may help to develop more effective facilities in the future. The 3 appendices in this report discuss and present numerous charts of information and are titled: Survey Questionnaire; Summary of Data; and, Site Visit Reports. KW - Appropriations KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Capital investments KW - Case studies KW - Conditions KW - Fta section 6 KW - Improvements KW - Infrastructure KW - Maintenance facilities KW - National bus maintenance KW - National operator survey KW - Needs assessment KW - Policy making KW - Surveying KW - Surveying KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5700/5742/835.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374906 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666335 AU - Behnke, R W AU - Aegis Transportation Information Systems, Incorporated AU - Technology Sharing Program AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GERMAN 'SMART BUS' SYSTEMS. POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION IN PORTLAND, OREGON. VOLUME 2. APPENDICES PY - 1993/01 SP - 60 p. AB - The study explores how several computer assisted 'smart bus' systems have developed in Germany, and how these systems might be applicable in the United States. The study uses Portland, Oregon as a possible demonstration site. The volume includes appendix material expanding on the content of the main technical report. The first appendix describes the operation of a videotex-enhanced flexible operations command and control system, including the availability of a variety of interactive services available through it. The second appendix presents a summary of the costs to conduct a one-year operational test of such a system in Shellharbour, Australia. The final appendix presents a discussion draft of the strategic plan for the TRI-MET transit system serving Portland. KW - Bus transportation KW - Buses KW - Concept vehicles KW - Germany KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Portland (Oregon) KW - Smart buses KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405860 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644026 AU - Behnke, R W AU - Aegis Transportation Information Systems, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GERMAN 'SMART BUS' SYSTEMS: POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION IN PORTLAND, OREGON. VOLUME 1: TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1993/01 SP - 104 p. AB - This document describes the potential of advanced computer telecommunications smart bus technologies now operating in Germany to serve fast-growing American suburban areas. It describes the history of the Flexible Operations Command and Control System (FOCCS) and how it is being used in Germany to integrate flexible-route bus, minibus and taxi services with fixed-route bus, rail and ferry services. The report also describes how new telephone-based information services can be used to enhance the cost-effectiveness of FOCCS and other German smart bus concepts for use in the United States. KW - Advanced systems KW - Bus transportation KW - Buses KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Fixed routes KW - Fixed-route bus service KW - Flexible-route KW - Fta section 6 KW - Germany KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Minibuses KW - Paratransit services KW - Smart buses KW - Taxi services KW - Technology KW - Telecommunications UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56417/germansmartbuss9325aegi_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386296 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644033 AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE STATUS OF THE NATION'S HIGHWAYS, BRIDGES, AND TRANSIT: CONDITIONS AND PERFORMANCE. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, PURSUANT TO SECTION 307(H) OF TITLE 23, UNITED STATES CODE, AND SECTION 308(E) OF TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE PY - 1993/01 SP - 250 p. AB - This report is submitted by the Secretary of Transportation to the Congress pursuant to Sections 307(h) of Title 23, United States Code and Section 308(e) of Title 49, United States Code. The report contains detailed information on system characteristics, finance, and trends in condition and performance. It also includes capital investment requirements from all sources. This 1993 version merges highway and bridge investment analysis and presentation with similar transit analysis to present a more complete assessment of surface transportation systems. The report includes a section on environmental conditions and performance. KW - Annual reports KW - Bridges KW - Capital KW - Capital investments KW - Environmental impacts KW - Environmental quality KW - Financial analysis KW - Ground transportation KW - Highways KW - Performance KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386305 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634243 AU - Public Financial Management, Incorporated TI - INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC FINANCE AND PUBLIC TRANSIT PY - 1993/01 SP - 200 p. AB - This report provides a comprehensive description of the elements of public finance, particularly as they relate to public transit issues. The report is intended to serve as a primer for the staff of the Federal Transit Administration and staffs of transit agencies across the country. The report provides an overview of the public finance market, the economics of the principal market, how the market is regulated, who buys and sells tax-exempt debt and general historical market perspectives, the mechanics of debt financing, lease financing and the FTA role, as well as describing cost reduction techniques for transit financing such as international vendor financing, cross border leasing, turnkey procurement opportunities and joint development. KW - Cost control KW - Cost reduction KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Governments KW - Leasing KW - Market studies KW - Market surveys KW - Public transit UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/9000/9100/9125/007860.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374680 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628138 AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Department of Health and Human Services TI - COORDINATION OF COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION SERVICES. THE JOINT DOT/DHHS COORDINATING COUNCIL ON HUMAN SERVICES TRANSPORTATION PY - 1993/01 SP - n.p. AB - The DOT/DHHS Coordinating Council on Human Service Transportation was created to provide information about and to promote the coordination of community transportation services and the further development of coordination programs and activities. Through coordination and cooperation, representatives of different agencies and client groups will be encouraged to work together in order to achieve the following goals: more cost effective service delivery, increased capacity to serve unmet needs, improved quality of service, and to improve understanding and access of services by riders. Both DOT and DHHS recognized the need to promote and facilitate the coordination of transportation services at the federal, state and local level. In order to achieve the goals and objectives, Regional Working Groups were established to disseminate information; statutory, regulatory and programmatic barriers to to the coordination of transportation services were and are being identified for review and interpretation and a more permanent coordinating and working relationship was established between FTA and the Administration on Aging in order to improve transportation services for and to older Americans. The Coordinating Council meets twice yearly to identify relevant issues and to sponsor additional programs and efforts. KW - Community services KW - Coordinated transit services KW - Coordination KW - Coordination progams KW - Dot/dhhs coordinating council KW - Human services KW - Program management KW - Public service KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Transit services KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369915 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639245 AU - Uher, R A AU - Howard, J AU - Carnegie Mellon University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE ELECTRIC ENERGY SOURCES FOR RAIL TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT - PHASE I PY - 1993/01 SP - 273 p. AB - After labor costs, electrical energy costs constitute the second largest item in the annual operating budget of rail transit authorities. These costs continue to increase putting heavier burdens on the authorities. Native (local) electric power utility companies are currently the standard sources of electric energy for rail transit systems. Present deregulation trends in the electric power industry open the market for competition and lower cost of electrical service for transit authorities. In the long term, rail transit operating cost will be reduced. In the context of this report, an alternative energy source means purchasing energy at a time different from when it will be used and/or from a source which is not the local utility. The former case is energy storage and the latter cased is termed bypass. This report discusses these sources. Certain conditions are required for a rail transit authority to seriously consider alternative energy sources. The report discusses these conditions and investigates the technical and regulatory issues involved in investigating such sources. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Costs KW - Electric power supply KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy consumption KW - Energy source development KW - Railroad transportation KW - Resource development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380610 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628158 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM. ANNOUNCEMENT FISCAL YEAR 1993 PY - 1993/01 SP - v.p. AB - The FTA plans to award a limited number of grants in fiscal year 1993 to accredited institutions of higher learning to assist in carrying out research on problems, and to provide professional training in the field of urban and rural transit analysis, management and operations. The following research topics form the FY 1993 program: transit accessibility; specialized and rural transit; clean air and alternative fuels; facilities and equipment engineering; financing and pricing; intelligent vehicle highway systems (IVHS); planning and project development; and, safety and sacurity. KW - Fta section 11 KW - Grant aid KW - Research KW - Training programs KW - University research and training programs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369924 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01507029 AU - United States Federal Transit Administration TI - South Corridor Commuter rail project, environmental assessment, King and Pierce counties : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Supplement to the draft KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291353 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01134548 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Washington regional rapid rail (Metrorail) system, Green Line (F) route, Outer branch avenue segment (sections F-6 through F-11) : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Draft, Final, Draft supplement to the final(3v), Final supplement to the final(3v) KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/895307 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070790 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Central Corridor alternatives analysis, Hennepin County, Ramsey County : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Draft KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Minnesota UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830175 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070616 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Hunt Valley extension of the Central Light Rail Line, Baltimore County : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Draft, Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Maryland UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830001 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070571 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Baltimore-Washington international airport extension of the central light rail line, Anne Arundel, Baltimore and Howard Counties : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Draft, Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Maryland UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829956 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070515 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - South Boston piers/Fort Point channel transit project : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Draft, Draft Appendix, Final, Final Appendix1, Final Appendix2 KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Massachusetts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829900 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070498 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Dual Hub corridor alternatives analysis : environmental impact statement PY - 1993///Volumes held: Draft KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Ohio UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829883 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00966090 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS PROGRAM : TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF 1 PY - 1993 SP - 5 p. AB - This publication gives an overview of the Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS). It also discusses funding for APTS programs, lists 16 operational tests to advance the IVHS program, as well as giving a brief look athe IVHS-IDEA program. The publication also discusses the Smart Traveler technology concept, Smart Vehicle technology, and Smart Intermodal Systems. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced traveler information systems UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/24000/24200/24258/26G01.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/678229 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00944217 AU - Pieratti, Denise AU - Haselkorn, Mark P AU - Blumenthal, Cathy AU - Bellevue Transportation Management Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BELLEVUE SMART TRAVELER AND CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATIONS PY - 1993 SP - 44, [22] p. AB - The Smart Traveler project was designed as an operational test of innovative ridesharing technology, combining cellular telecommunications, voice mail, and computerized real-time information processing on the carpools and vanpools of Bellevue-Seattle's public transportation system. The intent of the project was to see if these technologies could be engineered and integrated into a new kind of information infrastructure which could make carpools and vanpools a more effective and attractive mode of mass transportation. KW - Advanced driver information systems KW - Cellular telephones UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/643846 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633915 AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - THE STATUS OF THE NATION'S HIGHWAYS, BRIDGES, AND TRANSIT: CONDITIONS AND PERFORMANCE. A SUMMARY PY - 1993 SP - 27 p. AB - This booklet summarizes the 1993 Congressional report, starting with a "Report Card" for highways, bridges and trains in 1991. The report also includes information on transit and environmental impacts, this is done by linking the transit and highway investment assessment methodologies. A portion of the forecasted increase in travel demand is accommodated by an aggressive, coordinated demand management program that includes increassed transit participation. This increased transit participation is included in the transit investment analysis. KW - Environmental quality KW - Highway bridges KW - Highway planning KW - Investment planning KW - Investments KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Transit planning KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374542 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00773577 AU - Bellomo-McGee, Inc AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - RESPONSIVE MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES : SUMMARY OF SCENARIOS AND CONCEPTUAL EVALUATIONS PY - 1993 SP - ii, 69 p. AB - The objectives of this study are to 1) identify candidate real or semi- real time multi-modal transportation management scenarios which utilize new and emerging Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) technologies, 2) determine their usefulness and feasibility, 3) develop additional innovative concepts, 4) evaluate the potential utility and cost of each scenario, and 5) provide recommendations for additional research, development, and operational tests. KW - Intelligent transportation systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/489614 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00760824 AU - Project Action AU - Topeka Independent Living Resource Center AU - Topeka Metropolitan Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GREATER TOPEKA PARTNERSHIP FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION. FINAL REPORT AND SURVEY RESULTS PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - The Greater Topeka Partnership for Public Transportation is a joint project of the Topeka Independent Living Resource Center and Topeka Metropolitan Transit Authority. The broad purpose is to foster cooperation and better understanding between people with disabilities and transportation providers. The specific goals of the project are the identification of people with disabilities and their transportation needs and the development of training materials for both users and providers of service. These materials cover Americans with Disabilities Act opportunities and challenges, available transportation resources in Topeka, safety and liability issues and other useful information related to transportation of people with disabilities. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Liability KW - Needs assessment KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - Special user groups KW - Training programs KW - Transportation disadvantaged persons UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/497806 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628154 AU - Public Private Transportation Network AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK (PPTN) PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - PPTN "The Transit Information Exchange" is a free technical assistance program designed to help the public and private sectors more effectively address America's transit needs. Funded by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and managed by MacDorman & Associates and COMSIS Corporation, PPTN assists a wide range of organizations on a variety of topics, through an assortment of technical assistance tools. PPTN provides assistance to public and private providers/operators, policymakers, planners, entrepreneurs, state DOTs, transit management associations (TMAs), Federal government agencies, and others. PPTN covers a wide range of topics that are loosely grouped under two headings: Regional Mobility and Finance. PPTN phone/voice mail toll free number is 1-800-522-7786. The computer bulletin board number is 1-301-588-0188. KW - Demand KW - Finance KW - Fta section 6 KW - Joint development KW - Mobility KW - Onsite assistance KW - Paratransit services KW - Peer groups KW - Peer-to-peer assistance KW - Public private partnerships KW - Transit information exchange KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369923 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00682771 AU - American Society of Civil Engineers TI - AUTOMATED PEOPLE MOVERS IV: ENHANCING VALUES IN MAJOR ACTIVITY CENTERS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, IRVING, TEXAS, MARCH 18-20, 1993 SN - 0872629090 PY - 1993 SP - 852p AB - The proceedings include 72 papers. The papers are grouped according to the following topics: (1) An Introduction to APMs (Automated People Movers); (2) Planning for APMs; (3) Urban APMs; (4) APMs in Major Activity Centers; (5) Airport APMs; (6) Personal Rapid Transit (PRT); (7) Cable Systems; (8) Vehicles and Subsystems; (9) Design and Construction; and (10) Implementation and Procurement. Also included are a List of Reviewers, List of Exhibitors, List of Attendees, a Subject Index and an Author Index. U1 - Automated People Movers IV: Enhancing Values in Major Activity Centers, Proceedings of the Fourth International ConferenceCommittee on Automated People Movers of the Urban Transportation Division, American Society of Civil Engineers; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation; Transportation Research Board; and 22 other organizations.Irving, Texas StartDate:19930318 EndDate:19930320 Sponsors:Committee on Automated People Movers of the Urban Transportation Division, American Society of Civil Engineers; Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation; Transportation Research Board; and 22 other organizations. KW - Activity centers KW - Airports KW - Automated guideway systems KW - Automated guideway transit KW - Cable systems KW - Conferences KW - Design KW - History KW - People movers KW - Personal rapid transit KW - Planning KW - Subsystems KW - Vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/427184 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664677 AU - University of South Florida, Tampa TI - THE HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY EMPLOYEE COMMUTER SURVEY. APRIL 1993 SURVEY RESULTS AND ANALYSIS PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - In 1992, Hillsborough County was awarded a federal Congestion Mitigation Air Quality grant to reduce congestion by promoting alternative transportation modes. The April 1993 Hillsborough County Employee Commuter Survey was undertaken as part of this grant. Its purpose was to determine employee travel behavior and willingness to use alternative forms of transportation for the daily commute. The first section of this report summarizes the survey data. The second section contains more in-depth analysis and recommendations, as appropriate. Written comments in response to the open-ended questions were entered and are contained in an Appendix. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Commuting KW - Congestion KW - Congestion management systems KW - Data analysis KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Reports KW - Survey reports KW - Surveys KW - Traffic congestion UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/406656 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00648007 JO - RTAP Technical Assistance Brief PB - Community Transportation Association AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PERFORMANCE EVALUATION FOR RURAL TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1993 SP - 4 p. AB - Performance evaluation is a mechanism to measure a system's performance in order to make meaningful determinations about the system's efficiency, effectiveness and benefit to the community. This Technical Assistance Brief provides an outline for performance evaluation for rural transit systems. The steps outlined are: 1) setting goals; 2) selecting proper performance measures; 3) gathering data; 4) interpreting the results; 5) using the statistics; 6) wrap up. KW - City planning KW - Communities KW - Economic efficiency KW - Effectiveness KW - Efficiency KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Performance evaluations KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - Urban development UR - http://web1.ctaa.org/webmodules/webarticles/anmviewer.asp?a=157&z=36 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390642 ER - TY - SER AN - 00647999 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: APTS PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - APTS EVALUATION GUIDELINES PY - 1993 IS - 2 SP - 3 p. AB - Many innovative applications of APTS technology are being implemented at sites throughout the U.S. Most of the activity is being sponsored by the APTS Program as operational tests. These tests are meant to serve as learning tools and as models. For these tests to have value and broad application, a consistent, carefully structured approach to project evaluation will be undertaken. The Volpe National Transportation Systens Center has developed a set of APTS Evaluation Guidelines that provide a common framework and methodology for evaluating individual operational tests. The Technical Assistance Brief describes the evaluation process, which includes the following: evaluation frame of reference; evaluation planning; implementation; spin-offs; and responsibilities. Impact measures and evaluation planning considerations are briefly discussed. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Evaluation KW - Guidelines KW - Impact studies KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Smart intermodal system KW - Smart traveler UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/000/600/687/apts_b2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390636 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00648004 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: CLEAN AIR PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE FUELS INITIATIVE PY - 1993 IS - 6 SP - 11 p. AB - Since the inception of the FTA Alternative Fuels Initiative (AFI) program in 1988, 61 grants have been awarded to purchase over 1000 alternative fueled vehicles. The program allows the local transit decision-makers the choice of the technology and fuel that is best suited for their particular operation. As a result, a variety of technologies and fuels are being tested in diverse locations across the country. This Technical Brief profiles four AFI project sites, each testing a different alternative fuel: Pierce Transit's compressed natural gas (CNG) buses; Houston Metro's liquefied natural gas (LNG) buses; Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transit Authority's (LACMTA) methanol buses; and Greater Peoria Mass Transit District's (GP Transit) ethanol buses. The case studies were selected in order to discuss four different alternative fuels that are under primary consideration. For the most part, each of the sites have significant operating experience with their fuel choice. KW - Alcohol fuels KW - Alternate fuels KW - Case studies KW - Clean air program KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Ethanol KW - Liquefied natural gas KW - Methanol KW - Methanol as fuel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390640 ER - TY - SER AN - 00647998 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: APTS PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - WHAT IS APTS? PY - 1993 IS - 1 SP - 7 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) created the Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Program is part of the U.S. DOT initiative in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS). IVHS is a tool to enhance transportation mobility, energy efficiency, environmental protection and safety. Most IVHS systems are designed for the automobile driver and not the transit rider. The APTS program addresses this imbalance by developing IVHS systems that will improve the public transit option. This Technical Brief defines the program and looks at the funding available. The 16 operational tests to advance the IVHS program, all of which include APTS operational technologies, are described. The specific APTS systems discussed further include: 1) smart traveler technology; 2) smart vehicle technology; and 3) smart intermodal systems. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Smart cards KW - Smart intermodal system KW - Smart traveler KW - Technological innovations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390635 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00648003 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: CLEAN AIR PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - OVERVIEW: CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1993 IS - 5 SP - 11 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Clean Air Program (CAP) Technical Assistance Brief is designrd to help transit officials and local decision makers keep abreast of current issues in the transportation fuels field. This issue focuses particularly on developments and options concerning methanol and ethanol as fuels for buses, and also provides background information on recent events concerning other alternative fuels. This Technical Brief provides a summary of provisions that may affect the use of alternative fuels in mass transportation systems. A draft report of a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) fleet operator survey shows a strong demand for vehicles fueled by methanol and ethanol. Details of transit systems using these fuels are included. included. KW - Alcohol fuels KW - Alternate fuels KW - Buses KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Clean air program KW - Ethanol KW - Federal laws KW - Federal regulations KW - Methanol KW - Methanol as fuel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390639 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00648005 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF: SAFETY & SECURITY PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION SAFETY INSTITUTE PY - 1993 IS - 2 SP - 4 p. AB - As transit systems face increasing challenges, it is acknowleged that training and development are critical to their continued ability to meet changing community needs, address internal system problems, develop technical skills, and provide efficient and cost-effective service. To assist transit industry in addressing these needs, the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) established a safety and security training program at the Transportation Safety Institute (TSI). This training program is administered by TSI with developmental support from the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center. This brief lists and briefly describes the courses being offered by TSI under Mass Transit Safety and Security training program. New directions being planned include: emergency and response recovery; system safety management; and substance abuse management. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Drug abuse KW - Emergency response KW - Safety KW - Safety management KW - System safety KW - Training programs KW - Transportation safety KW - Transportation Safety Institute UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/390641 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646390 AU - The Arc AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SERVING PASSENGERS WITH COGNITIVE DISABILILTIES. A TRAINING PROGRAM FOR FIXED ROUTE BUS OPERATORS PY - 1993 SP - 143 p. AB - The Arc is a national organization on mental retardation with 1,200 chapters and 140,000 members nationwide. The Arc developed this training program with the cooperation of the Fort Worth Transportation Authority (The T). The T provided an opportunity for the Arc to survey fixed route operators on their experiences serving passengers with cognitive disabilities. The T also served as the field-test site. Two separate groups of fixed route operators participated in field-testing all modules of the training program. This training guide is designed for use in conducting in-service training with current bus operators or as part of initial training for new operators. The training is meant to help transit properties meet their ADA obligations. The guide provides five two- to three-hour modules, the last of which is a review session. Handouts, experiential exercises and situational exercises are also provided. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Bus drivers KW - Bus transportation KW - Cognitive impairment KW - Field tests KW - Fixed routes KW - Fixed-route bus service KW - Fort Worth (Texas) KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups KW - Training programs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386757 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644053 AU - Krambles, G AU - Peterson, A AU - George Krambles Transit Scholarship Fund TI - CTA AT 45. A HISTORY OF THE FIRST 45 YEARS OF THE CHICAGO TRANSIT AUTHORITY SN - 0963796542 PY - 1993 SP - 144 p. AB - Public passenger transportation by streetcar, bus or rapid transit train in Chicago traces its origins to 1859. It was begun and developed for 88 years by private entrepreneurs who were successful at first, but were ultimately driven out of business by rising costs, changing urban demographics, the competition of automobiles, and unrealistic political control of fares, routes and service. To preserve and improve Chicago's transit, it was decided by referendum that public ownership at arm's length from the political structure would be applied. In 1945, by Act of the General Assembly, the Chicago Transit Authority was created as a political subdivision, body politic and municipal corporation, to acquire, own and operate a transportation system in the metropolitan area of Cook County. Over the years funding and planning problems as well as growing regional bus and rail transit needs have resulted in expanding the public ownership concept and creating some public funding support at the city, state and federal levels. All the while CTA was being fine tuned to meet the challenges of its changing world. This book provides some highlights of this process. KW - Bus transportation KW - Chicago Transit Authority KW - History KW - Local government KW - Municipal services KW - Nationalization KW - Ownership KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regional transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386318 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644034 AU - Competitive Services Board AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - VEHICLE OWNERSHIP. A COMPETITIVE SERVICE BOARD REPORT PY - 1993 SP - 30 p. AB - Vehicle ownership is a major decision when private contracting is being considered. The purpose of this report is to help managers arrive at a decision on vehicle ownership. The report focuses on the issue of public or private vehicle ownership from both the contracting agency's and the potential contractor's viewpoint. It discusses conditions favoring public and private ownership, reviews existing examples and conditions of both public and private ownership, and provides some "do's and dont's" guidelines when contracting for service. Clearly, the key factors identified as influencing the ownership decision should be reviewed by any public agency before any final decision is made. In addition, the agencies should consult with other transit systems to obtain current and recent experiences with both forms of ownership. Examples of how two agencies have dealt with vehicle ownership are provided. KW - Contracting KW - Motor vehicles KW - Nationalization KW - Ownership KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386306 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644035 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PLANNING AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. INFORMATION PACKET PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - The FTA has developed a Technical Assistance Program to improve the state-of-the art in planning, engineering, management, and procurement methods and, thereby, improve government investments in transit services, equipment, and facilities. This 'Planning and Project Development Program' information packet consists of four focus areas: Operations and Planning Analysis, Capital Planning and Development, Procurement and Engineering Methods, and Multimodal Planning. These focus areas are supported by other FTA activities such as technical assistance provided through PPTN "The Transit Information Exchange", dissemination of research reports, and other outreach activities such as conferences, seminars, and courses. Details on each focus area are provided in the contents of this Information Packet. KW - Capital KW - Management KW - Management methods KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Procurement KW - Project development KW - Project management KW - Public transit KW - Technical assistance KW - Transit planning KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388667 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644037 AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INTERCITY BUS TRANSPORTATION: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR RURAL AMERICA. RTAP NATIONAL PROGRAM, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - Because of the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991, the FTA's Section 18 rural transit program now has funds set aside for intercity transportation in rural areas. This brief describes intercity transportation and the new opportunities it offers rural transit agencies. The purpose of the series is to extend the reach of the FTA/RTAP National Peer-to-Peer Technical Assistance Network. KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Fta section 18 KW - Intercity passenger services KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Passenger service KW - Peer groups KW - Peer-to-peer assistance KW - Rural areas KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - Technical assistance UR - http://web1.ctaa.org/webmodules/webarticles/anmviewer.asp?a=157&z=36 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388669 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644042 AU - Pennsylvania State University, University Park AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - UTCP REPORT - UNIVERSITY TRANSPORTATION CENTERS PROGRAM 1988-1992 PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - The University Transportation Centers Program (Program) is now in its fifth year of existence. It was established in 1987 by an act of Congress, and in 1991, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA, 1991) added three new Centers to the Program, bringing the total to 13 Centers across the country. The Program is sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration and the Federal Transit Administration, each providing half the financial support. Education, research, and dissemination of promising results are the goals of the Program. This status report presents each center region-by-region. How they are accomplishing the program goals of research, technology transfer, and education, according to their individual mission, is presented in this report. The final section of the report lists the research projects, the technology transfer projects, and the project publications for each of the regions. KW - Education KW - Information dissemination KW - Research KW - Research programs KW - Research projects KW - Technology transfer KW - University Transportation Centers Program UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388671 ER - TY - SER AN - 00643968 JO - AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR FUEL CELLS NEWSLETTER PB - American Association for Fuel Cells AU - American Association for Fuel Cells TI - AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR FUEL CELLS NEWSLETTER PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - The non-profit organization which sponsores the American Association for Fuel Cells, the publisher of this newsletter, is called Clean Air Revival, Incorporated. The corporation was launched to educate the public about ways to get back their clean air. The aim of the newsletter is to provide information about fuel cells and what is going on in the fuel cell industry.The AAFC (American Association for Fuel Cells) has nearly 100 members and a mailing list of about 1000 names. KW - Air quality KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean air KW - Clean fuels KW - Fuel cells KW - Information dissemination UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388621 ER - TY - SER AN - 00643969 JO - NETWORK 93 PB - Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development AU - Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development TI - NETWORK93 PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - This issue of Network93 is devoted mainly to the findings and recommendations of the on-site review panel resulting from the review to help focus directions for the Center's programming. The findings and recommendations will serve as guides to improve the Center's contribution to the development of small and rural communities in the Northeast Region. The following paradigm provides the backdrop of discussions regarding the Center's future priorities: Who are the Center's rural development partners; What are the needs and expectations of the partners; Do the services and products of the Center supplement and complement the partners and meet their needs and expectations; and What resource-mix is required to meet the partners' current and future needs and expectations. KW - Economic development KW - Regional planning KW - Rural development KW - Technical assistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388622 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643960 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FTA LEADERSHIP 1993. ISTEA AND BEYOND PY - 1993 SP - 17 p. AB - This prochure highlights key actions and achievements affecting transit during 1992 and 1993 in implementing the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). Its purpose is to encourage state and local officials in their continuing efforts to implement the Act's goals of providing transportation that is economically efficient and environmentally sound, providing the foundation for the nation to compete in the global economy, and moving people and goods in an energy efficient manner. Eight major themes of ISTEA are highlighted in this brochure: flexibility; planning; intermodalism; innovation; environment; investment strategies; new partnerships; and, transit safety and security. In each area, the brochure outlines the steps FTA has taken to implement ISTEA's goals. The brochure highlights the flexible funding transferred to transit, over $400 million in FY 1993. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Energy efficiency KW - Environmental impacts KW - Environmental quality KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - International KW - Public participation KW - State action KW - State government UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386240 ER - TY - SER AN - 00643967 JO - TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES UPDATE PB - Community Transportation Association AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES UPDATE PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - "Transportation Resources Update" is a quarterly newsletter that highlights the coordination of transit resources by the Federal Transit Adminstration (FTA) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). This newsletter is one element of the Community Transportation Assistance Project (CTAP), a joint effort of the Community Transportation Association of America (CTAA), the National Easter Seal Society's Project ACTION, and the Region IV Transportation consortium. CTAA's mission is to provide information and assistance, through programs funded by the DHHS, on topics related to the transportation of people. The material that appears in "Transportation Resources Update" is taken directly from TAP-IN, the CTAA electronic bulletin board. TAP-IN contains feaatures of particular interest to human services programs and providers, e.g., announcements of new funding opportunities and special conferences devoted to information exchange on coordination and accessibility issues. Call toll-free Transit Hotline, 1-800-527-8279, to learn more about CTAP and its activities. KW - Community action programs KW - Community transportation assistance project KW - Human services KW - Information services KW - Project action KW - Public transit KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388620 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640075 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRAINING TRANSIT PERSONNEL. ADA TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES 1993 PY - 1993 SP - 40 p. AB - This guide is one of a series of technical assistance guides prepared by Project ACTION. It is intended to proviede information to assist in implementing the transportation regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The information in this guide represents a compilation of the knowledge and experience of transit providers and disability advocates working in partnership at the community level on demonstration programs funded by Project ACTION. Summaries of transit personnel training programs are included in this guide. This guide is intended for the use of a wide variety of public and private transit and disability organizations involved in implementing the transit personnel training requirements of the ADA. It is designed to list elements appropriate to various training environments. If the program is just starting, a review of this guide will serve as a checklist of necessary components for effective transit personnel training. If a training program is already in place, this guide can help identify missing elements which should be included. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Project action KW - Technical assistance KW - Training programs KW - Transit personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380896 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640074 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRAINING CONSUMERS WITH DISABILITIES. ADA TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES 1993 PY - 1993 SP - 75 p. AB - This guide is one of a series of technical assistance guides prepared by Project ACTION. It is intended to provide information to assist in implementing the transportation regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The information in this guide represents a compilation of the knowledge and experience of transit providers and disability advocates working in partnership at the community level on demonstration programs funded by Project ACTION. Summaries of consumer training programs are included. This guide is intended for the use of a wide variety of public and private transit and disability organizations involved in planning consumer training programs. It is designed to list elements appropriate to the target training group. If the program is just starting, a review of this guide will serve as a checklist of components needed for effective consumer training. If a training program is alredy in place, this guide can help identify missing elements or groups of consumers to include in the training program. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Consumer training KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Needs assessment KW - Project action KW - Technical assistance KW - Training programs KW - User needs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380895 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640076 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TECHNOLOGY, SERVICE PLANNING, AND REGULATIONS. ADA TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES 1993 PY - 1993 SP - 71 p. AB - This guide is one of a series of technical assistance guides prepared by Project ACTION. It is intended to provide information to assist in implementing the transportation regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Information in this guide represents a compilation of the knowledge and experience of transit providers and disability advocates working in partnership at the community level on demonstration programs funded by Project ACTION. It provides information in the following areas: 1) development, design, and testing of innovative technologies; 2) service planning techniques and strategies; and, 3) policy making on accessible transportation issues. Summaries of local demonstartion programs in these subject areas are included with highlights of how technologies and strategies were developed and applied. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Level of service KW - Project action KW - Regulations KW - Strategic planning KW - Technical assistance KW - Technological innovations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380897 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640072 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - IDENTIFYING PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE COMMUNITY AND THEIR TRANSPORTATION NEEDS. ADA TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES 1993 PY - 1993 SP - 39 p. AB - This guide is one of a series of technical assistance guides prepared by Project ACTION. It is intended to provide information to assist in implementing the transportation regulations of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The guide is designed for transit managers, transit organizations and other groups who are planning new programs and services to comply with the ADA requirements. It is intended to provide survey design suggestions for the gathering of accurate data and looks at methods for locating the target audience. The guide is also useful for identifying additional components should a survey already be in place. The guide focuses on surveys for identifying people with disabilities and their transportation needs used by Project ACTION funded programs. The experience of these local demonstration projects and highlights of program innovations are also summarized. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Data collection KW - Demonstration projects KW - Disabled people KW - Needs assessment KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Project action KW - Public participation KW - Special user groups KW - Surveys KW - Technical assistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380893 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640077 AU - Balog, J N AU - Schawarz, A N AU - Rimmer, J E AU - Hood, M M AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Ketron Division of the Bionetics Corporation TI - AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA) PUBLIC PARTICIPATION HANDBOOK PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - This handbook includes information regarding each of the public participation requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. They are: outreach; consultation with individuals with disabilities; opportunity for public comment; plans in accessible formats; public hearing; summary of significant issues raised during the public comment period; and an ongoing mechanism for the participation of individuals with disabilities. Each is discussed in a separate section. In addition, other important features of a public participation process are included: use of the media; surveys of riders and service providers; performance monitoring; and planning the public participation process schedule. Each of these is also discussed in a separate section. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Handbooks KW - Level of service KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Project action KW - Public participation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382034 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640073 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - OUTREACH AND MARKETING. ADA TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE SERIES 1993 PY - 1993 SP - 63 p. AB - This guide is one of a series of technical assistance guides prepared by Project ACTION. It contains information from transit providers and disability advocates working in partnership at the community level on demonstration programs funded by Project ACTION. Summaries of these outreach and marketing programs are included. This guide is intended for the use of a wide variety of transit and disablity organizations involved in developing and carrying out outreach and marketing programs to increase ridership on accessible fixed route buses. It lists elements appropriate to each outreach and marketing environment. If the program is just starting, a review of this guide will serve as a checklist of necessary components for an effective outreach and marketing program. If a program is already in place, this guide can help identify missing elements which should be included. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Bus transportation KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Fixed routes KW - Fixed-route bus service KW - Marketing KW - Outreach KW - Project action KW - Social service agencies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380894 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639246 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT. FTA LEADERSHIP 1993. ISTEA AND BEYOND PY - 1993 SP - 17 p. AB - This brochure highlights key actions and achievements affecting transit during 1992 and 1993 in implementing the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). Its purpose is to encourage state and local officials in their continued efforts to implement the Act's goals of providing transportation that is economically efficient and environmentally sound, providing the foundation for the nation to compete in the global economy, and moving people and goods in an energy efficient manner. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Energy efficiency KW - Environmental impacts KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - International KW - Istea UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380611 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639160 AU - D'Antignac, P A AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMPENDIUM - FTA ABSTRACTS 1991-1992 PY - 1993 AB - The 1991/1992 Compendium is a compilation of Technical Report Documentation pages that provide bibliographic information and abstracts for recently available FTA-sponsored project reports that have been put on file with the Transportation Research Information Center. This document reflects FTA's continuing commitment to the dissemination of technical report information to the government, state, and local transportation agencies, private industry and the general public. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Bicycle commuting KW - Bus transit KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 6 KW - Land use KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Rail transit KW - Rural transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382011 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639159 AU - Utah Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CELEBRATING EXCELLENCE IN PUBLIC TRANSIT PY - 1993 SP - 229 p. AB - This directory contains a full listing of projects, programs and practices submitted for review under the Utah Transit Authority's FTA sponsored excellence research grant. The review has been an extended process and has involved successively different levels of review. ALso, the level of detail provided by some properties varied, ranging from a title or a few sentences, to pages of background material and extensive description. To aid the reader in understanding the differential level of detail in the directory and to show which properties were showcased and reviewed, an icon key to the directory materials was developed. KW - Driver evaluation devices KW - Driver monitoring KW - Employees KW - Fta section 6 KW - Labor market KW - Personnel performance KW - Public transit KW - Transit services UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56354/bustransitmonit0990mult_4.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380560 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638166 AU - Project ACTION AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION - ACCESSIBLE COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION IN OUR NATION. ANNUAL REPORT 1992 PY - 1993 SP - 81 p. AB - Improving access to transit services will enable many of our nation's more than 43 million people with disabilities to take better advantage of opportunities in employment, education, housing, and recreation. Project ACTION is a national researach and demonstration program designed to improve access to transportation services for people with disabilities and assist transit providers in implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act. Funded through a cooperative agreement with the United States Department of Transportation, Project ACTION is administered by the National Easter Seal Society (NESS). This annual report provides information on Phase I, the first three years of the project, through discussion of its mission and goals as well as results. Also provided are profiles for Local Demonstration Programs during both Phase I and Phase II. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Development KW - Disabled people KW - Local demonstration program KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Research KW - Research and development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380225 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638133 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRACK MAP CORRELATION STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - The purpose of the project was to upgrade and augment all paper and computer based track data pools in use throughout the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA). The product of the project was absorbed into one complete, consistent, integrated, computer aided design system and database network. A direct result of this project is the ongoing conversion of existing data to conform to the project's specifications. In addition. procedures have been established to enter new information into the database as it is generated, thereby facilitating the planning process for track renewal. KW - Computer aided design KW - Data collection KW - Databases KW - Fta section 8 KW - Maintenance of way KW - Mapping KW - Maps and mapping KW - New York City Transit Authority KW - Railroad tracks KW - Track renewals UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381983 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638128 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REPORTING MANUAL FOR THE 1993 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1993 SP - v.p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration's (FTA) Section 15 program helps meet information needs in planning for public transportation services and making investment decisions at the Federal, State, and local levels. The program's goal is to provide an accurate and validated transit information database in a timely manner. FTA continues to streamline the reporting process while maintaining historical continuity for analysts, and enhancing data accuracy. Changes to the Section 15 program for 1993 are summarized in the introduction and incorporated throughout this reporting manual. The manual contains detailed information on: who reports; what to report; when to report; where to report; how to report; it also provides sample forms, examples, and check lists. KW - Data collection KW - Data management KW - Fta section 15 KW - Information processing KW - Information services KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - Reporting KW - Reports UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381982 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634529 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hendrix, Allan AU - Transportation Research Board TI - INTERMODAL EXPERIENCE OF THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 67-72 AB - This conference resource paper discusses intermodalism and the prospects for successes in intermodalism in the future from the perspective of the California Department of Transportation (CalTrans). Three key dimensions to intermodalism are examined. These are the modal dimension, the market segment or trip purpose, and connectivity, which is the dimension that traditionally has been called intermodal. Intermodal planning is a process of expanding and synthesizing these three dimensions into a system that accommodates freight and passengers and, at least in the view of CalTrans officials, also deals with some nontraditional transportation options, such as information technology. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - California KW - Conferences KW - Freight transportation KW - Information technology KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Intermodalism KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378456 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634536 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Helton, Jack D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - INTERMODAL PARTNERSHIPS UNDER ISTEA SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 138-148 AB - Given the increasing complexity of the intermodal transportation system and the diversity of the partners involved, there is a critical need to build effective working relationships between the providers and the users (customers) of transportation systems. A successful partnership will find ways to improve the efficiency of existing systems and provide input from a broader base for future planning. Internal partnerships (relationships between transportation-related organizations) and external partnerships (relationships between the organizations and the customer) are addressed in this conference resource paper. The following are identified: common reasons for a partnership; partnership characteristics; shared commitments; intermodal partners; and possible impediments and resolutions. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Characteristics KW - Conferences KW - Consumers KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Partnerships KW - Planning KW - Providers KW - Users UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378463 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634532 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Coogan, Matthew A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - AIRPORT ACCESS: CASE STUDY IN INTERMODALISM SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 90-98 AB - This conference resource paper discusses airport access as a case study, a microcosm of intermodal planning issues. The structure of the discussion is first concept, then practice, and finally vision. The paper concludes with the story of Grace Hughes. Grace and her family are entrepreneurs who own the Marin Airporter bus service. They built, with private funds, a bus terminal to serve people going to San Francisco International airport. Representatives of two airlines approached them with a proposal to sell their tickets at the bus terminal. The response was, "No, you are not welcome in my terminal unless you check people in, take their baggage, and give them a boarding pass right there." The airlines' response was, "We do not do that stuff. Our job starts at the airport. You are in the bus business, not us." The airline representatives were afraid that the baggage would get lost in the hold of the bus. Grace thought about it for a little while, and she came up with a brilliant, "high-tech" scheme. She won. They started to check baggage at Grace's facility. Her solution for this intermodal problem was as simple as a dog leash--one per set of baggage going to each airline. When the bus arrived at the airport, the bus driver unloaded the appropriate bundle of baggage. In several years of operation, they have never lost a single bag. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Airport access KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378459 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634533 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Migliorino, Gianni AU - Transportation Research Board TI - ITALY'S INTERMODAL ALTERNATIVE: THE SEA ROAD SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 99-112 AB - This conference resource paper provides an international example of an innovative intermodal solution of a transport problem. The Viamare project is a case study in Italy's experiment to relieve acute highway truck congestion with a cost-efficient, short sea alternative. Ten years of planning and extensive cost-benefit analyses preceded the recent inauguration of the Viamare project. Through discussion of this project, an approach to cross-modal analysis, a focus area of the conference, is examined. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Analysis KW - Case studies KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Italy KW - Modal analysis KW - Mode choice KW - Planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378460 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634524 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Walton, C Michael AU - Transportation Research Board TI - ISTEA AND INTERMODAL PLANNING: CONCEPT, PRACTICE, VISION. CHAIRMAN'S SUMMARY SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 1-3 AB - In these summary remarks the conference Chairman gives a brief conference overview. He points out that this was the first Transportation Research Board conference to be cosponsored by all five modal administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation. He also states that the diversity of the conference participants and their harmonious efforts to shape an intermodal planning agenda demonstrated that pooled expertise must be the new, if not yet affirmed, approach to addressing the vision for transportation. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378451 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634526 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Martinez, Robert AU - Transportation Research Board TI - PERSPECTIVE FROM THE OFFICE OF INTERMODALISM SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 47-54 AB - This conference resource paper discusses the role of the U.S. Department of Transportation's Office of Intermodalism and the potential significant changes in policy under the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) in the areas of planning and technology. Also discussed are the definition of the term "intermodalism" which was developed by the Office of Intermodalism, and the keystone of the highway transportation network--the National Highway System (NHS). Concluding comments concern U.S. productivity and transportation as a barometer of the future direction of U.S. economic policy. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Definitions KW - Economic policy KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Intermodalism KW - National Highway System KW - Office of intermodalism, usdot KW - Planning KW - Productivity KW - Technology KW - Transportation policy UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378453 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634528 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Starling, James Dane AU - Transportation Research Board TI - U.S. TRANSPORTATION COMMAND AND INTERMODAL PLANNING SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 62-66 AB - The role of manager for defense transportation is filled by the U.S. Transportation Command (TRANSCOM). The command was created to be the Department of Defense's (DOD's) single manager for common user transportation and was organized to support commanders on the front lines. TRANSCOM is responsible for ensuring that the defense transportation system is prepared to meet the demands of the emerging national defense strategy. Creating TRANSCOM was the first and most crucial step in striving to achieve true intermodalism within DOD. This resource paper focuses on the implications of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) for intermodal initiatives at TRANSCOM. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Intermodalism KW - National defense KW - Planning KW - U.S. Department of Defense KW - United States Transportation Command UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378455 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634530 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Carmichael, Gilbert E AU - Transportation Research Board TI - FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION PERSPECTIVE ON ISTEA SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 73-77 AB - This conference resource paper discusses the specific rail-related elements of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). These elements are concentrated on three themes: (a) commuter rail lines, (b) passenger corridor improvements, and (c) intermodal connections. Concluding comments concern the building of an "ethical transportation system", which is defined as a transportation system that is safe, nonpolluting, energy efficient, and competitive. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Competition KW - Conferences KW - Connectivity KW - Energy efficiency KW - Ethics KW - Improvements KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning KW - Pollution control KW - Pollution prevention KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Safety KW - U.S. Federal Railroad Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378457 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634537 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Helton, Jack D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - DEVELOPING PARTNERSHIPS SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 149-151 AB - The conference presentation by J.D. Helton on intermodal partnerships (pages 138-148 of this Special Report) prompted a number of conference participants to ask how the guidelines he presented should be followed and how the private partnerships he discussed were developed. These questions are answered in this paper, which was not presented at the conference. The examples provided are from the experience of Sea-Land Service, Inc., Arlington, Virginia, which has been successful in cultivating intermodal partnerships for several years. These partnerships have made a marked contribution to corporate market position, productivity, efficiency, and earnings. Developing these partnerships has involved the following: culture (predisposition), vision, strategy, and commitment. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Consumers KW - Development KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Partnerships KW - Planning KW - Providers KW - Sea Land Service, inc. KW - Sea-land service, incorporated KW - Users UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378464 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634523 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Transportation Research Board TI - ISTEA AND INTERMODAL PLANNING: CONCEPT, PRACTICE, VISION SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - 179 p. AB - The Transportation Research Board, at the request of the U.S. Department of Transportation, acting through the modal administrations, developed and conducted a conference on the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and intermodal planning issues. The conference objectives were to: (1) Review the evolution of the planning and funding of the U.S. transportation system; (2) Identify the new planning mechanisms developed in ISTEA that mandate transportation improvement programs and intermodal transportation management systems; (3) Identify issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve more economically and environmentally efficient transportation systems through the optimum combined use of various modes; and (4) Assess how these issues need to be integrated into the planning process. The conference was structured around several commissioned papers and presentations in order to frame the diverse agenda inherent in intermodal planning. This Special Report contains the conference proceedings. The contents are organized as follows: Chairman's Summary, C.M. Walton; Conference Findings, M.D. Meyer; Workshop Reports (Intermodal Partnerships; Multimodal Planning; Cross-Modal Comparisons; Intermodal Management Systems; and Vision and Potential for Intermodalism); Resource Papers (see individual entries in TRIS data base); Perspectives on the Conference; Steering Committee Biographical Information; and Participants. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Conferences KW - Economic efficiency KW - Environmental impacts KW - Environmental quality KW - Finance KW - Intermodal management systems KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Intermodalism KW - Multimodal planning KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Partnerships KW - Planning KW - Transportation KW - Transportation Improvement Program KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Transportation planning KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378450 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634525 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Meyer, Michael D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - ISTEA AND INTERMODAL PLANNING: CONCEPT, PRACTICE, VISION. CONFERENCE FINDINGS SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 4-15 AB - On December 2-4, 1992, 150 individuals interested in intermodal transportation attended the National Conference on ISTEA and Intermodal Planning Issues in Irvine, California, to discuss the concept of intermodalism, identify examples of good practice, and provide recommendations for research and technical guidance. At this conference, workshops were organized to enable participants to engage in group discussions on key intermodal issues. The workshops focused on intermodal partnerships, multimodal planning, cross-modal comparisons, intermodal management systems, and vision and potential for intermodalism. Questions were prepared for each group to guide discussion. Following the workshops, conference participants met in plenary sessions to hear the conclusions of the workshops and discuss their importance for intermodal planning. Resource papers prepared for the conference by professionals in the field were also presented in plenary sessions, and speakers with expertise in intermodal transportation addressed the conference. Because the steering committee expected that bridging the gaps between the many players involved in intermodal planning would be a key issue discussed at the conference, a panel discussion was organized to present reactions to the conference from the perspectives of a state department of transportation, a metropolitan planning organization, and the private sector. These important remarks are found at the end of the proceedings. Several themes and concepts arose repeatedly during conference discussions; they merit special attention and are summarized here in the Conference Findings under the following headings: "Intermodal" Defined; Partnerships; Transition; Intermodal Planning as a Process; Freight Movement in Planning; Emphasis on Performance; Intermodal Management Systems; Barriers to Effective Intermodal Planning; Research and Guidance; and Conclusion. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Barriers KW - Barriers (Roads) KW - Conferences KW - Freight transportation KW - Intermodal management systems KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Intermodalism KW - Management KW - Management systems KW - Multimodal planning KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Partnerships KW - Performance KW - Planning KW - Research KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378452 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634527 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Liburdi, Lillian AU - Transportation Research Board TI - KEYNOTE ADDRESS: THE PROMISE OF ISTEA SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 55-61 AB - This keynote address discusses what the promises of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) are for highway interests, for state and local governments, for transportation planners, for environmentalists, for metropolitan planning organizations, for truckers and other highway users, for airport and seaport operators, for transit operators, and for all Americans. The positives and negatives of ISTEA are examined, and, in conclusion, it is pointed out that "ISTEA is like a sketch for a large mural that will be painted by many different artists. If properly coordinated, with the right sense of purpose, the individual efforts will blend together to make a richly diverse and beautiful work of art. However, there is a serious risk that the individual efforts will amount to an incoherent, clashing painting that diminishes its overall impact." Conference participants are encouraged to make it work by developing a vision for the future. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378454 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634531 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Maring, Gary AU - Rodgers, John AU - Diaz, Steven A AU - Harllee, Nan AU - Transportation Research Board TI - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MODAL ADMINISTRATION PANEL SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 78-89 AB - In this conference resource paper, the following U.S. Department of Transportation modal agencies offer a perspective on intermodalism: the Federal Highway Administration (G. Maring); Federal Aviation Administration (J. Rodgers); Federal Transit Administration (S.A. Diaz); and the Maritime Administration (N. Harllee). The Federal Railroad Administration perspective is presented by G.E. Carmichael in a paper on pages 73-77 of this Special Report. G. Maring discusses the following five aspects of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA): (a) the first major program restructuring since the 1956 Interstate Highway Act, (b) the new funding flexibility, (c) the changes in planning and decision making, (d) the significantly higher authorization levels and the new opportunities for public-private funding, and (e) the intermodal thrust of the act. He also discusses technical assistance activities of FHWA. J. Rodgers discusses the following four aspects of ISTEA: airport development, intermodal links and airport access, environmental compatibility and airport capacity, and joint development, use, and financing of new technology. S.A. Diaz comments on the challenge, under ISTEA, of developing a true partnership to move goods and people, to contribute to the national goals of cleaner air, fuel conservation, and energy independence, to improve U.S. competitiveness in world markets, and to relieve congestion and other inefficiencies in domestic transportation. He also points out the range of intermodal projects being funded by FTA. N. Harllee discusses the impact of ISTEA on the port industry. She points out that, while ISTEA presents a great opportunity for ports and for the entire freight industry, it is not automatic--all have to work for it. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning KW - U.S. Federal Aviation Administration KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - U.S. Maritime Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378458 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634534 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Fuller, John W AU - Transportation Research Board TI - THE ROAD TO INTERMODALISM SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 113-129 AB - Since its heyday in the 1960s to the early 1970s, transportation planning in the United States has endured a long period of uncertainty, marked by professional questioning and political inattention. In this last decade of the century, however, new directives for planning and planners can be found in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). Although it appears that transportation planners have major new tasks ahead along an uncertain new path, it should be remembered that not all that is being demanded of planners in the 1990s would seem particularly unusual to planners of past decades. To see what change might be required, it is useful to view the major eras and events in transportation planning during the last 30 years. This conference resource paper looks at the following eras in transportation planning: The 1962 Highway Act; Planning for Transit and the Environment in the Early 1970s; Early State Transportation Plans; Planning Shock: Energy and Financial Shortfalls; Shift of Responsibility to the States and Cities: The 1980s; and Characteristics of Today's U.S. Transportation System. The paper then discusses transportation planning in the 1990s and looks at the Wisconsin DOT approach to planning under ISTEA. Concluding remarks deal with future transportation planning directions. U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Conferences KW - History KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation planning KW - Wisconsin UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378461 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00634535 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Dahms, Lawrence D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - REGIONAL CONTEXT OF INTERMODAL DECISIONS SN - 0309054524 PY - 1993 IS - 240 SP - pp 130-137 AB - A metropolitan transportation planning process created by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1965, and amended several times since by transportation and environmental laws, has created a regional framework for making transportation decisions in the context of other community values. In examining this regional context within which intermodal decisions are to be made, this conference resource paper addresses the following question: What can be learned from the metropolitan planning experience to help advance intermodal planning and systems analysis? The discussion begins with a comparison of the characteristics of metropolitan transportation systems with those of intermodal systems. It is seen that both systems provide transportation services, but they have little in common. There are, however, areas of overlap between intermodal and metropolitan transportation systems. The remainder of the paper examines these areas and their implications for fulfilling the mandates of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). U1 - ISTEA and Intermodal Planning: Concept, Practice, VisionU.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration.Irvine, California StartDate:19921202 EndDate:19921204 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation; Federal Aviation Administration; Federal Highway Administration; Federal Railroad Administration; Federal Transit Administration; and Maritime Administration. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Characteristics KW - City planning KW - Conferences KW - Decision making KW - Intermodal planning KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Planning KW - Regional transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378462 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627176 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Meyer, Michael D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - PLANNING: THE CHALLENGE OF BEING THE GLUE (WITH DISCUSSION) SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - pp 91-113 AB - This paper is organized into five sections. In each section an aspect of the challenge that faces the transportation planning profession is addressed. Discussed in the first section is the changing environment of transportation planning and how emphasis is once again on a planning-based decision-making process. The second section covers how planning must meet the challenge. In the third section, the following equation is discussed: (LRP + TSM + TDM) + (TSM + TDM) * (%TCM) = TIP where LRP = long-range plan, TSM = transportation system management, TDM = transportation demand management, TCM = transportation control measures, and TIP = transportation improvement program. The equation is intended to convey the numerous items that planners and decision makers are now required to develop. It highlights the interrelationships among the many different planning activities that now must occur and the critical significance of TIPs, into which many of the planning documents must feed. The trend toward performance-based planning is discussed in the fourth section. The fifth section is focused on the institutional arrangements and capabilities necessary for successful planning to occur. U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Air quality management KW - Decision making KW - Institutional issues KW - Long range planning KW - Mobility KW - Transportation Improvement Program KW - Transportation improvement program/tip KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation system management KW - Travel demand management KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371613 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627178 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Steckler, Steven A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - REDEFINING THE URBAN PARTNERSHIP: PUBLIC-PRIVATE TOLL FINANCING PROVISIONS OF ISTEA SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - pp 128-133 AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and automatic vehicle identification technology will share responsibility for the growth of toll facilities during the next decade. Discussed in this paper are some of the toll-related provisions of ISTEA that could greatly influence the way state and local governments build and finance those facilities and how they repair and expand roads, bridges, and tunnels. U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Bridges KW - Decision making KW - Financing KW - Highways KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Mobility KW - Public private partnerships KW - Tolls KW - Transportation planning KW - Tunnels KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371615 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627180 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Clymer, Brian W AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NEW DIMENSIONS IN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - pp 147-151 AB - This paper discusses some areas that are important to the implementation of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). In the past, transportation planning and decision making were considered a kind of zero-sum game among metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), transit operators, and the states. If more authority was given to one player, then authority had to be taken away from another. ISTEA, however, has changed that - everybody has more authority now. The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) are working cooperatively at virtually every level on every aspect of ISTEA implementation. An intermodal office that will report to the Secretary of Transportation is being created. An FTA-FHWA joint task force will be established to facilitate the administration of some projects that will be funded with a combination of FHWA and FTA funds. U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Cooperation KW - Decision making KW - Implementation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Mobility KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371617 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627175 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Royer, Charles AU - Transportation Research Board TI - ISSUES FACING URBAN AMERICA SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - pp 81-90 AB - This conference resource paper has two objectives: (1) To develop a better understanding of the context within which decisions are made in metropolitan America and how to make transportation planning relevant within that context; and (2) To recognize and include the opportunity for expression of the diverse interests concerned with and affected by metropolitan and regional transportation planning decisions. Four primary forces are identified that will drive much of what can and will be done in the public sector during the next 10 years or so: (1) The continuing structural cost growth of subnational government and the growing economic impotency of the United States; (2) The increasing economic and racial isolation, not just in central cities, but in small cities and towns; (3) The deepening discontent with the performance of government and politicians at all levels--the antigovernment, antipolitics current; and (4) The growing mismatch between the geography of domestic needs and the geography of government, the primary means of meeting those needs democratically. U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Cost growth KW - Decision making KW - Economics KW - Geography KW - Isolation (Economic) KW - Isolation (Racial) KW - Mobility KW - Politics KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371612 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627177 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Kunde, James E AU - Bertsch, Dale F AU - Transportation Research Board TI - PARTNERSHIP AND PARTNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT: ISTEA AND CAAA -- BREAKTHROUGH OR MIRE? SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - pp 114-127 AB - This paper discusses the challenge of implementing the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). Implementation of these Acts offers both risk and opportunity in an America in which citizens have become frighteningly distanced from government. The notion of partnerships to accomplish this is discussed and the following basic guidelines are presented and examined: (1) Symptom-relieving programs will not work. An investment strategy focused on problem identification, explicit goals, and joint investment with clear, immediate success will. (2) Most problems do not correspond to government boundaries. The test solutions come from places where a community of interest forms across governmental boundaries and delivers solutions to governmental bodies for action. Communities of interest generally occur in real places that have names, as opposed to areas known as the "five counties of______," for example. The authors of ISTEA want to resurrect metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs). The degree to which MPOs represent real places and develop real identities is probably the degree to which they will succeed. (3) The actual decision-making process must be visible and understandable to the public. The nation will not support another federal intervention failure. Experiments like the Kettering Foundation's Negotiated Investment Strategy (NIS) show how the federal system can work effectively. NIS employed (a) a neutral facilitator; (b) a condensed, efficient time frame; (c) a process adapted from the most successful negotiations experience (single-text negotiation); (d) face-to-face negotiations; and (e) signed public agreements (clear evidence of achievement). U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Decision making KW - Guidelines KW - Implementation KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Investments KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Mobility KW - Negotiated investment strategy KW - Public private partnerships KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371614 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627179 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Larson, Thomas D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - WANTED: PLIABLE PARADIGMS FOR TRANSPORTATION INVESTMENT SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - pp 134-146 AB - This is a time of new directions and opportunities in surface transportation in the United States. Explored in this paper is how full advantage can be taken of those new directions and opportunities. If transportation professionals develop new perspectives and learn about the specific needs of customers, products can be appropriately tailored to foster an effective and efficient transportation infrastructure. Applying the new directions embodied in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) demands a sea change in the way we think about transportation investments and the role they will play in society. That change in thinking and how it affects organizations charged with implementing this law are explored. Special note is taken of the planning process so crucial to its success. In the language of the day, provisions of ISTEA will prompt pliable paradigms to guide future investment decisions and assessment of their worth. U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Decision making KW - Infrastructure KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Investments KW - Mobility KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371616 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627174 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Transportation Research Board TI - MOVING URBAN AMERICA SN - 0309054052 PY - 1993 IS - 237 SP - 176 p. AB - The conference objective was to advise the United States Department of Transportation, the community at large, and state and local elected officials on the appropriate planning and decision-making process needed to select and develop projects that will improve urban mobility, with emphasis on efficiency, concern for the environment, and shared responsibilities among agencies and affected groups, all within the context of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA). This Special Report contains the conference proceedings, including the following: Preface, J. Kinstlinger; Introductory Remarks, T.J. Harrelson; Conference Summary, D. Brand; Conference Findings; Workshop Reports; Resource Papers (6); Steering Committee Biographical Information; and Conference Participants. The Resource Papers are entered individually in the TRIS data base. U1 - Conference on Moving Urban AmericaU.S. Department of TransportationFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationCharlotte,North Carolina,United States StartDate:19920500 EndDate:19920500 Sponsors:U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Conferences KW - Decision making KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Mobility KW - Public private partnerships KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/371611 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634793 AU - Balog, J N AU - Gribbon, R B AU - Schwarz, A N AU - Ketron Division of the Bionetics Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STANDARDIZATION OF AVAILABILITY, LOCATION, AND USE OF SAFETY EQUIPMENT ON URBAN TRANSIT BUSES PY - 1992/12/31 SP - 152 p. AB - This document represents the conclusion of a project undertaken to identify guidelines which will correct the problems encountered by rescue forces while attempting to gain entry, shut down, and evacuate urban transit buses onvolved in an emergency or accident. This Final Report presents (1) the availability, location, and use of eleven key safety components on six urban transit bus models; (2) the process used in the development of standardization guidelines; and (3) proposed guidelines for the potential standardization of ten key safety components on urban transit buses. KW - Bus transit KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Evacuation KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guidelines KW - Safety and security KW - Safety equipment KW - Search and rescue operations KW - Standardization KW - Transportation safety KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374936 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639240 AU - Spiller, D AU - Multer, J AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ASSESSMENT OF DETECTABLE WARNING DEVICES FOR SPECIFICATION COMPLIANCE OR EQUIVALENT FACILITATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1992/12/30 SP - 76 p. AB - This report evaluates the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) specifications for detectable warnings and the applicability of equivalent facilitation to the development of detectable warning devices. Ambiguities in the specification are identified and solutions are recommended to address these problems. This report should be useful to transit agencies unable to comply with the ADA detectable warning specifications. The guidelines provide an alternative mechanism by which accessibility requirements may be met. Equivalent Facilitation permits the use of alternative designs provided they give equal or better access. The implications of departures from the specification are discussed and several tests are suggested for determining whether an alternative design meets the equivalent facilitation criterion. KW - Accessibility KW - ADA Accessibility Guidelines KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Barrier free design KW - Compliance KW - Detectable warning surfaces KW - Disabled people KW - Equivalent facilitation KW - Fta section 6 KW - Human factors KW - Performance based specifications KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Specifications KW - Tactile perception KW - Visually impaired persons UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/33000/33400/33425/33425.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380606 ER - TY - ABST AN - 01548171 TI - Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis--The Transit IDEA Program AB - The Transit IDEA (Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis) program encourages innovative approaches to transit problems. Transit IDEA emphasizes new and unconventional approaches that have the potential to produce significant advances in transit practice. Transit IDEA projects may be funded to explore the feasibility of new and innovative concepts or for proof of concept or to test the performance of a prototype in field operation. In many cases there is only one Transit IDEA project that is funded, which includes the prototype or field test. The maximum amount of IDEA funds that can be considered for a Transit IDEA project is $100,000. Most Transit IDEA projects are in the $70,000 to $85,000 range in IDEA funds. Cost sharing is encouraged, to supplement the IDEA funds. The panel for the Transit IDEA program has designated the following four high priority focus areas for the program, to encourage and fund proposals for innovative approaches to address those needs: (1) Increasing transit ridership; (2) Improving transit safety, security and emergency preparedness; (3) Improving transit capital and operating efficiencies; and (4) Protecting the environment and promoting energy . KW - Capital KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Innovation KW - Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) (Program) KW - Prototypes KW - Ridership KW - Security KW - Transit operating agencies UR - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=1170 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335808 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628141 AU - Card, A H AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - IVHS STRATEGIC PLAN: REPORT TO CONGRESS PY - 1992/12/01 SP - 72 p. AB - The purpose of this 72 page Report to Congress by the Secretary of Transportation is to set forth and describe the Department of Transportation's programs and program delivery processes for supporting the development and deployment of intelligent vehicle highway system (IVHS) technologies and services in the United States. The report was forwarded to the Congress pursuant to Section 6054(a) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA). That Section requires the Secretary to develop a plan that: specifies the goals, objectives, and milestones of the IVHS program and how specific projects relate to these; details the nontechnical constraints facing the program; establishes a course of action necessary to achieve the program's goals and objectives; provides for the development of standards and protocols to ensure compatibility in the implementation of IVHS technoligies; and provides for the accelerated use of advanced technology to improve safety on all roads and to reduce traffic congestion along heavily populated and traveled corridors. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced Public Transportation Systems Program KW - Automated highway systems KW - Future KW - Ground transportation KW - Highway traffic control KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Public private partnerships KW - Smart intermodal system KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation modes KW - Vision UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369000 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01587426 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Federal Transit Administration - Transit Planning and Research Priorities Workshop - Proceedings July 15-16, 1992 PY - 1992/12 SP - 86p AB - This is the third in a series of documents that report the continuing development of the Federal Transit Administration's National Transit Planning and Research (TP&R) Program agenda. This volume reports the results of the third Transit Planning and Research Priorities Workshop, held in Tysons Corner, Virginia, on July 15 and 16, 1992. This workshop was a continuation of the aggressive and expanding outreach program conducted by the Federal Transit Administration to assure a vital and cost efficient research program that is responsive to constituent needs. The Workshop built upon the solid foundation of the two previous workshops and advanced the mandates of the National Transportation Policy and the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act. KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation policy KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Workshops UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56402/federaltransitad00offi_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395856 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628145 AU - Middlesex Somerset Mercer Regional Council (MSM) AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE IMPACT OF VARIOUS LAND USE STRATEGIES ON SUBURBAN MOBILITY PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - This is a report on a study of the interaction between suburban land use trends and regional traffic conditions. Three different models of high density, mixed-use centers designed to fit in the Middlesex Somerset Mercer Region of New Jersey were developed. The three models examined -- transit construct, short drive construct, and walking construct -- placed residents' homes closer to their working and shopping destinations. The models incorporated residential and employment growth expected in the region by 2010, but reshaped the growth into different land use configurations. The projected growth was located in the cities and in a small number of newly created suburban centers instead of in low density developments spread throughout the region. Based on the study it is concluded that concentrating new suburban development into higher density, mixed-use centers will slow the growth of regional vehicular use. KW - Activity centers KW - Employment/activity centers KW - Facilities and structures by use KW - Forecasting KW - Fta section 6 KW - Growth management KW - Land use planning KW - Mathematical models KW - Mixed use development KW - Mobility KW - Multiple use KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models KW - Urban development KW - Urban growth KW - Zoning UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/470.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369919 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00751072 AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE CONGESTION PRICING SYMPOSIUM, JUNE 10-12, 1992 PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - This publication contains the following eleven papers: Congestion Pricing: Previous Experience and Future Application, B. Arrillaga and K. Bhatt; Road Pricing: International Experience, M.G. Richards; Introducing Congestion Pricing on a New Toll Road, R.W. Poole, Jr.; Using the Revenues from Congestion Pricing, K.A. Small; Regionwide Toll Pricing: Impacts on Urban Mobility, Environment, and Transportation Financing, A.R. Kane and P. DeCorla-Souza; A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory and Market-Based Transportation Demand Management Strategies, G. Giuliano and M. Wachs; Commuting, Congestion, and Pollution: The Employer-Paid Parking Connection, D.C. Shoup and R.W. Willson; Transportation Alternatives in a Congestion-Pricing Environment, R. Cevero; Implementing Congestion Pricing: Distributional Implications, K. Bhatt; A Revue of Current Roadway-Pricing Technologies and Technological Issues, S.B. Rooney; and Electronic Toll Collection, J.V. Halloran, III. U1 - Congestion Pricing SymposiumFederal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration.Arlington, Virginia StartDate:19920610 EndDate:19920612 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration and Federal Transit Administration. KW - Automated toll collection KW - Conferences KW - Congestion pricing KW - Employers KW - Environmental impacts KW - Finance KW - Implementation KW - Mobility KW - Mode choice KW - Parking KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Road pricing KW - Subsidies KW - Technology KW - Toll roads KW - Transit services KW - Transportation KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/485077 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634783 AU - KPMG Peat Marwick AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ESTIMATION OF OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE COSTS FOR TRANSIT SYSTEMS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - This report provides guidance regarding the development and application of operating and maintenance (O & M) cost models and supplements the Federal Transit Administration's "Procedures and Technical Methods for Transit Project Planning". An operating and maintenance cost data base containing representative information for motor bus, rail rapid, light rail, and commuter rail modes is presented. The data base provides 1) labor productivity and unit cost information that can be directly applied in structuring O & M cost models and 2) aggregate costs per unit of service for major functional areas at peer transit properties that can be used to test the reasonableness of modal results. This report draws on the operating experience of many transit systems contained in Section 15 data reported to FTA, in detailed budgets of several representative transit systems that operate light rail, and previously developed cost models. The report begins with a discussion of ten principles of operating cost models used on alternative analysis and preliminary engineering. Next, the sources of information that may be utilized in structuring O & M cost models are reviewed, including a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each source. The O & M cost data base is then described, including the sources of data, organization, and potential application. Finally, guidelines for the documentation of O & M cost models are discussed. KW - Aggregate analysis KW - Aggregates KW - Cost models KW - Costs KW - Databases KW - Documentation KW - Documents KW - Fta section 8 KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - Operating costs KW - Operation and maintenance UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56395/estimationofope9321kpmg_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375636 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00633925 JO - Publication of: California University, Berkeley PB - University of California, Berkeley AU - Miller, M A AU - Dato, V AU - Chira-Chavala, T AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEASIBILITY STUDY OF AVANCED TECHNOLOGY HOV SYSTEMS. VOLUME 2B: EMISSIONS IMPACT OF ROADWAY-POWERED ELECTRIC BUSES, LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES, AND AUTOMOBILES PY - 1992/12 SP - 107 p. AB - Changes in pollutant emissions as a result of adopting roadway-powered electric buses, light duty vehicles (LDVs), and automobiles in California are analyzed. The analysis involves comparing emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), oxides of sulfur (SOx), and particulate matter (PM), in grams per vehicle-mile of travel, between roadway-powered electric vehicles (RPEVs) and existing internal combustion-engine vehicles (ICEVs). The comparison is based on the assumption that RPEVs and ICEVs are operated under identical conditions. Findings indicate that significant reductions in emissions of HC and CO can be expected from the adoption of RPEVs, while fluctuations between emission increases and reductions are likely for NOx, SOx, and PM depending on energy consumption by vehicle type, the split between roadway/battery power usage, power flow efficiencies from the power plant to the roadway, and the mix of fuel sources and processing technologies assumed for electricity generation. KW - Electric buses KW - Electric power generation KW - Electric vehicles KW - Electricity generation KW - Emission factors KW - Energy consumption KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Internal combustion engines KW - Light duty vehicles KW - Light vehicles KW - Pollutants KW - Power flow efficiency KW - Roadway powered electric vehicles KW - Vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378233 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00633927 JO - Publication of: California University, Berkeley PB - University of California, Berkeley AU - Chira-Chavala, Y AU - Zhang, W B AU - Walker, J AU - Javandel, F AU - Demsetz, L AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY HOV SYSTEMS. VOLUME 4: IMPLEMENTATION OF LATERAL CONTROL TRANSIT SYSTEMS IN TRANSITWAYS PY - 1992/12 SP - 48 p. AB - Lateral guidance/control technologies are emerging advanced technologies that can be deployed independently to enhance traffic operation and safety. They can also be deployed in conjunction with longitudinal control systems to increase capacity of the transportation network. This study is conducted as part of the Feasibility Study of Advanced-Technology HOV Systems. It investigates some issues concerning the implementation and impacts of lateral guidance/control systems. It proposes phased implementation of these systems, initially in exclusive-access HOV lanes. The rationale for focusing on these HOV lanes is that implementation in such systems is likely to be less complex that that of multiple-lane freeways, and the implementation in HOV facilities appears to have its own merit from a policy standpoint. KW - Automatic steering control KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Highway operations KW - Longitudinal control KW - Technological innovations KW - Traffic KW - Traffic operation KW - Traffic safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378235 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00633926 JO - Publication of: California University, Berkeley PB - University of California, Berkeley AU - Chira-Chavala, T AU - Lin, W H AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY HOV SYSTEMS. VOLUME 3: BENEFIT IMPLICATIONS OF ALTERNATIVE POLICIES FOR INCLUDING HOV LANES IN ROUTE GUIDANCE NETWORKS PY - 1992/12 SP - 39 p. AB - This study investigates whether it would be beneficial to include HOV lanes in route guidance networks when HOV lanes exist on the corridors. The objectives are: 1) to identify policy scenarios for including HOV lanes (in addition to freeway mainline and surface streets) in dynamic route-guidance networks, when HOV lanes exist on the corridors; and 2) to determine the feasibility of these policy scenarios, by assessing travel-time impacts of these scenarios on various vehicle classes. KW - Automobiles by type KW - Dynamics KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Route guidance KW - Technological innovations KW - Travel time KW - Vehicle type UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378234 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00633924 JO - Publication of: California University, Berkeley PB - University of California, Berkeley AU - Chira-Chavala, T AU - Lechner, E H AU - Empey, D M AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY HOV SYSTEMS. VOLUME 2A: FEASIBILITY IMPLEMENTING ROADWAY-POWERED ELECTRIC VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY IN EL-MONE BUSWAY: A CASE STUDY PY - 1992/12 SP - 94 p. AB - The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of early deployment of the roadway powered electric vehicle (RPEV) technology in existing high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) facilities in California. To meet this objective, the following tasks were performed: 1) synthesize the current status of the technology development for RPEVs; 2) select one HOV facility for a site-specific feasibility evaluation; 3) determine the scale of electrification and level of energy transfer required for the selected site; 4) determine preliminary design of the inductive coupling system (ICS) for the selected site; 5) assess the daily energy demand of this system; 6) develop a technology demonstration plan, and identify isssues pertinent to the implementation; and 7) estimate probable costs of the technology demonstration plan. KW - Bus and high occupancy vehicle facilities KW - California KW - Electric vehicles KW - Hybrid automobiles KW - Hybrid vehicles KW - Inductive coupling KW - Intelligent vehicles KW - Roadway powered electric vehicles KW - Technology demonstration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378232 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00633923 JO - Publication of: California University, Berkeley PB - University of California, Berkeley AU - Chira-Chavala, T AU - Yoo, S M AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY HOV SYSTEMS. VOLUME 1: PHASED IMPLEMENTATION OF LONGITUDINAL CONTROL SYSTEMS PY - 1992/12 SP - 96 p. AB - There is strong public perception that urban mobility in California has seriously deteriorated and that solutions for urban traffic congestion problems are urgently needed. Simply constructing more miles of roadways is no longer an acceptable option. Many researchers believe that advanced vehicle longitudinal control systems provide an opportunity to bring about very significant increases in the highway capacity. Longitudinal control systems range from driver-assisted intelligent cruise control systems (ICCSs) to fully automated systems with close-formation platooning. The objectives of this study were to identify strategies for early deployment of longitudinal control technologies on the highway, and to evaluate potential impacts of these strategies on traffic operation, highway capacity, and traffic accidents. KW - Autonomous intelligent cruise control KW - California KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Longitudinal control KW - Mobility KW - Technological innovations KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic platooning KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/378231 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633914 AU - BERRY, W B AU - KLEINMAN, R L AU - ElectroCom Automation AU - Notre Dame University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COLD WEATHER TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM. VOLUME 6. PROJECTED RADIO FREQUENCY THIRD RAIL DEICER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION PY - 1992/12 SP - 56 p. AB - This report reviews the basic design criteria for implementation of the Radio Frequency (RF) Third Rail Deicer System. The RF System is patterned after that of the prototype successfully tested on the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Test Track during the Winters of 90-1 and 91-2. The vehicle design which is included in this report includes the features which are envisioned for one mode of projected use for the RF deicer system: self-propelled, self-powered, dual side deicing, and dual directional deicing. KW - Cold weather KW - Deicing KW - Deicing chemicals KW - Fta section 6 KW - Radio frequency KW - Third rail UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374541 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633913 AU - BERRY, W B AU - KLEINMAN, R L AU - ElectroCom Automation AU - Notre Dame University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COLD WEATHER TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM. VOLUME 5. ICING PRECURSOR MEASUREMENT - THE AUTOMATED WEATHER STATION PY - 1992/12 SP - 152 p. AB - The work described in this report has been directed at the development of the automated local weather station. Works in progress by highway departments and airfields around the nation and abroad are referenced. A gas-electronic thermometer for third rail temperature measurement has been designed and initially tested. The basic weather measurements required for testing are described and approaches to definition of a prediction algorithm discussed. KW - Detection and identification KW - Detectors KW - Frost KW - Frost detection KW - Fta section 6 KW - Ice KW - Ice detection KW - Mathematical prediction KW - Meteorology KW - Sensors KW - Thermometers KW - Weather stations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374540 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628156 AU - Walther, E S AU - North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE RURALIZATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR SMALL TRANSIT OPERATORS PY - 1992/12 SP - 155 p. AB - Ruralizing the concepts of risk management is at the heart of this study. The report is an original exercise, which translates the philosophy and practice of risk management from the technical and legalistic worlds of the professional risk manager and the lawyers to the operational and applied world of the professional manager. The report details a method for incorporating a structured risk management program and process into the small transit operating environment. It provides an orientation to the risk management process, a detailed examination of the most common forms of commercial insurance policies utilized by small transit systems and a self-administered risk identification and evaluation questionnaire. The questionnaire is designed for use by managers of small transit systems. In addition to its primary purpose of identifying and evaluating risks faced by the transit system, it will also yield information of value when preparing insurance coverage bids. The report is based on field experience and contains examples and suggestions for reducing and managing risks in the small transit environment. The examples as well as the questionnaire cover a variety of operational environments. KW - Fta section 11 KW - Handbooks KW - Insurance KW - Managerial personnel KW - Managers KW - Public transit KW - Risk management KW - Rural transit UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56547/ruralizationofr9314tran_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369006 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00712824 AU - Dusseau, R A AU - Khasnabis, S AU - Smith, T AU - Wayne State University AU - Great Lakes Center for Truck and Transit Research AU - Michigan Department of Transportation TI - SAFETY AND STRUCTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF SEAT BELTS ON TRANSIT BUSES: FINAL REPORT PHASE III PY - 1992/12 SP - 69 p. AB - The objective of this work was to assess the possible safety implications of seat belt usage in transit buses relative to reductions of severity of injury resulting from traffic accidents, and to determine if major changes in the structural elements of the bus frame may be warranted to enable the frame to withstand the instantaneous stress build-up resulting from sudden activation of seat belts. KW - Bus design KW - Buses KW - Injury severity KW - Safety factors KW - Seat belt usage KW - Seat belts KW - Transit buses KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/448048 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643941 AU - Coleman, P AU - Eutitt, M AU - Walton, C M AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT STATION ENERGY IMPACTS PY - 1992/12 SP - 110 p. AB - Transit trips - when compared with automobile travel - not only relieve congestion, but also offer considerable energy savings per person. Transit trips also affect land use and development patterns that surround a transit station. This report addresses the energy effects of development in transit station areas; that is, development that occurs within a certain radius of a transit station (approximately a quarter mile) is considered "transit sensitive" development. This "transit-sensitive" development would, by design and density, encourage trip ends to and from land uses in the transit beltway. Since infrastructure serving high-density development is more efficient than infrastructure serving low-density, typically suburban, land uses, the potential exists to conserve energy that is used in everyday trips (home, work, shopping, etc.). In this report, a methodology will be developed to estimate the energy savings associated with land use changes in the station areas. Since changes in land use and development in a station area are partially dependent on the type of service offered (rail versus bus rapid, for example), a classification system will be developed for different types of transit stations, a system based on the land use and development changes that occur within the station's zone of influence. KW - Density KW - Development KW - Energy conservation KW - Influence factors KW - Infrastructure KW - Land use KW - Rail transit stations KW - Telephone influence factors UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386229 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640052 AU - Linsalata, J AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - AMERICANS IN TRANSIT. A PROFILE OF PUBLIC TRANSIT PASSENGERS PY - 1992/12 SP - 10 p. AB - During the past two decades, public transit has experienced a marked revitalization. In 1990 alone Americans took 8.8 billion transit trips and, on an average weekday, over 7.5 million people will ride on public transit vehicles. This report explores the socioeconomic characteristics of the transit-riding population; it describes the gender, age, race, ethnicity, income and trip purpose of the average public transit rider and searches for future trends. KW - Public transit KW - Redevelopment KW - Revitalization KW - Ridership KW - Socioeconomic factors UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/35000/35200/35222/americans_in_transit.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380881 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639164 AU - Shoup, D C AU - University of California, Los Angeles AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CASHING OUT EMPLOYER-PAID PARKING PY - 1992/12 SP - 155 p. AB - Employer-paid parking is an invitation to drive to work alone. Thus, it increases traffic congestion, air pollution, and energy consumption. The Internal Revenue Code encourages employers to subsidize parking by exempting parking subsidies from income taxation. To deal with the problems created by tax-exempt employer-paid parking, this study proposes a minor change in the Internal Revenue Code. The proposal is that employers who subsidize employee parking should be required to offer employees the option to take a taxable cash travel allowance in lieu of the tax-exempt parking subsidy. Case studies and a statistical model suggest that offering employees the option to take their parking subsidies as in-lieu cash could reduce solo driving to work by 20 percent, reduce automobile travel to work by 76 billion VMT per year, save 4.5 billion gallons of gasoline per year, eliminate 40 million metric tons of CO2 emissions per year, and increase tax revenues by $1.2 billion per year. These objectives would be accomplished by empowering commuters to make travel choices in accord with their own preferences about how they wish to spend their own income. KW - Automobile travel KW - Automobile urban usage KW - Parking demand KW - Pollutants KW - Studies KW - Taxes KW - Transportation KW - Transportation studies KW - Travel demand KW - Zoning UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/140.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380564 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639163 AU - Notre Dame University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COLD WEATHER TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM VOLUME 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1992/12 SP - 46 p. AB - The Cold Weather Transit Technology (CWTT) Program has been authorized by the United States Congress to develop new and effective methods for assuring the dependable operation of transit systems in severe cold, ice and snow. This program is being implemented by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) through a grant to the University of Notre Dame with ElectroCom Automation L.P. as the Principal Contractor. The primary focus of this final phase of the CWTT research and development program is on issues surrounding the development of the radio frequency third rail deicing system. Three systems were developed and tested as prototypes. In addition to the radio frequency deicer system, the other systems, which were developed in an earlier phase of the program, are the high pressure water jet, third rail deicer, and electrically heated rail. This volume presents a summary of the research and development results for this phase of the CWTT Program. The emphasis is on the developement of the radio frequency (RF) deicing system. The summary includes comparative cost analysis with heated rail, RF coil design, prototype RF System design, and testing of the prototype on the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Test Track. A review of the development of the weather station precursor/icing prediction system is included. KW - Cold weather KW - Deicing KW - Deicing chemicals KW - Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority KW - Operations KW - Radio waves KW - Snow and ice control KW - Third rail KW - Waterjets KW - Weather stations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380563 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634675 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DATA TABLES FOR THE 1991 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1992/12 SP - 309 p. AB - This report is one of three publications comprising the 1991 Annual Report from the Section 15 Reporting System administered by the Federal Transit Administration. The report provides detailed summaries of financial and operating data submitted to FTA by the nation's mass transit systems. Extensive data are provided for 515 of the nation's mass transit systems, including systems operated and/or administered by transit authorities, States, city departments and private operators under contract to public agencies. Of the 515 transit systems included in this report, 271 contract for some or all of their transportation service from private or public agencies. KW - Data analysis KW - Financial analysis KW - Fta section 15 KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Operational analysis KW - Operations KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Profiles KW - Public transit UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56379/datatablesfor19900unse_4.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374905 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634674 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. AGENCIES IN URBANIZED AREAS EXCEEDING 200,000 POPULATION FOR THE 1991 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1992/12 SP - 275 p. AB - This publication consists of individual profiles for each transit reporting agency located in an urbanized area with a population exceeding 200,000. The data contained in each profile consists of general and summary reports, as well as modal, performance, and trend indicators for the 1991 report year. General information includes the size of the report area, service area, service supplied, service consumed, and the number of vehicles operated. Financial information includes sources of operating funds, summary of operating expenses, sources of capital funds expended, and uses of capital funds. The profile also portrays the transit system characteristics by mode, and provides line graphs for selected performance measures as well. KW - Capital expenditures KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Fta section 15 KW - Modal selection KW - Mode choice KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Profiles KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56596/transitprofilesa00unse_9.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374904 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634787 AU - Hunter-Zaworski, K M AU - Zaworski, J R AU - CLARKE, G AU - Oregon State University, Corvallis AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDEPENDENT LOCKING SECUREMENT SYSTEM FOR MOBILITY AIDS IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES: VOLUME 2 PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - The Quality Functional Deployment (QFD) method was used for the design of the Independent Locking Securement (ILS) System, developed by the Oregon State University. The project entailed the design, construction, and testing of the ILS system prototypes. The QFD approach included surveying present technology, establishing customer requirements, studying design loads, determining functional decomposition of the device requirements, establishing engineering requirements, bench marking present technology, generating new ideas, selecting a final design, construction of several prototypes, conducting human-factor testing, and undertaking both static and dynamic tests, and making final recommendation of the design. An Advisory Committee consisting of persons with disabilities and representatives of a number of transit agencies assisted with the design and calibration of the QFD matrix. The final report is in two volumes. Volume 1 documents the QFD methodology and the development of the final design specifications and the state of the art in securement systems. Volume 2 describes the ILS system concept, and documents the results of the human factors testing, static and dynamic testing, and makes recommendations for the final design concept. An Executive Summary describes both the development and the concept of the ILS system. KW - ADA Accessibility Guidelines KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Deployment KW - Dynamic tests KW - Fta section 6 KW - Human factors KW - Mobility aids KW - Quality functional deployment KW - Restraint systems KW - Securement systems KW - Static tests KW - Technology KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/11000/11400/11472/006843.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375638 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634785 AU - Hunter-Zaworski, K M AU - Ullman, D G AU - Zaworski, J R AU - Herling, D E AU - CLARKE, G AU - Oregon State University, Corvallis AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE APPLICATION OF THE QUALITY FUNCTIONAL DEPLOYMENT METHOD FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDEPENDENT LOCKING SECUREMENT SYSTEM FOR MOBILITY AIDS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1992/12 SP - 13 p. AB - The Independent Locking Securement System Project (ILS System Project) focused on the analysis of the mobility aid securement problem, the design and construction of several securement system prototypes, and extensive testing of both the operational and engineering aspects of the prototypes. The primary objective of the ILS System Project was to design, build and test a wheeled mobility aid securement system that would operate with all mobility aids in "common use" on fixed route transit vehicles. The major requirements for the system were to: maximize mobility aid user independence, minimize transit vehicle operator involvement, minimize securement and release time, and satisfy all the proposed securement standards and guidelines. KW - ADA Accessibility Guidelines KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Fta section 6 KW - Locks (Fasteners) KW - Mobility aids KW - Securement systems KW - Technology KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374934 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634786 AU - Hunter-Zaworski, K M AU - Ullma, D G AU - Herling, D E AU - Oregon State University, Corvallis AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - APPLICATION OF THE QUALITY FUNCTIONAL DEPLOYMENT METHOD IN MOBILITY AID SECUREMENT SYSTEM DESIGN. VOLUME 1 PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - The Quality Functional Deployment (QFD) method was used for the design of the Independent Locking Securement (ILS) System, developed by Oregon State University. The project entailed the design, construction, and testing of the ILS system prototypes. The QFD approach included surveying present technology, establishing customer requirements, studying design loads, determining functional decomposition of the device requirements, establishing engineering requirements, bench marking present technology, generating new ideas, selecting a final design, construction of several prototypes, conducting human-factor testing, and undertaking both static and dynamic tests, and making a final recommendation of the design. An Advisory Committee consisting of persons with disabilities and representatives of a number of transit agencies assisted with the design and calibration of the QFD matrix. The final report is in two volumes. Volume 1 documents the QFD methodology and the development of the final design specifications and the state of the art in securement systems. Volume 2 describes the ILS system concept, and documents the results of the human factor testing, static and dynamic testing, and makes recommendations for the final design concept. An executive summary describes both the development and the concept of the ILS system. KW - ADA Accessibility Guidelines KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Deployment KW - Design engineering KW - Design specifications KW - Fta section 6 KW - Mobility aids KW - Quality functional deployment KW - Restraint systems KW - Securement systems KW - Specifications KW - Technology KW - Three wheeled vehicles KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5585/786a.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5586/787a.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375637 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634244 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. AGENCIES IN URBANIZED AREAS WITH A POPULATION OF LESS THAN 200,000 FOR THE 1991 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1992/12 SP - 209 p. AB - This publication consists of individual profiles for each transit reporting agency located in an Urbanized Area with a population of less than 200,000. The data contained in each profile consists of general and summary reports, as well as modal, performance, and trend indicators for the 1991 report year. The 1991 Report Year is defined as a transit reporting agency with a fiscal year ending on or between January 1 and December 31. KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Fta section 15 KW - Modal analysis KW - Modal split KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Profiles KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Urban areas UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56601/transitprofilesa00unse_10.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374681 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628129 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINSTRATION SIX-YEAR PLAN FOR A NATIONAL PROGRAM OF TRANSIT PLANNING AND RESEARCH PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - The report discusses the ten specific topics that form the six-year plan for a national program of transit planning and research. The topics are: Advanced Public Transportation Systems; Clean Air; Finance; Human Resources; Information; Regional Mobility; Safety and Security; Technology Development; Transit Accessibility; and Planning and Project Development. For each topic, the report details: (1) background; (2) goals, objectives, and benefits; (3) program components; and (4) the six-year program. KW - Accessibility KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Air quality KW - Clean air KW - Finance KW - Fta section 6 KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Information management KW - Information organization KW - Mobility KW - National transportation policies KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Technological development KW - Technology KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369911 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628150 AU - Douglas & Douglas Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NORTH BETHESDA TRANSITWAY FEASIBILITY STUDY PY - 1992/12 SP - v.p. AB - The study focused on private sector financing of transit improvements between North Bethesda business and commercial areas and the Grosvenor Metrorail Station. As part of this study, an investigation was made of the feasibility of using any of a number of advanced vehicle and guideway technologies commonly referred to as "people movers" in this corridor. Recognizing the potential applicability of other transit technologies such as light rail or enhanced bus service, we have designated the potential alignment as a transitway to better reflect the potential for a wide range of transit services. The body of the report refers to "people mover" throughout and should be interpreted as referring to a transitway. KW - Bethesda (Maryland) KW - Fta section 3 KW - Guideways KW - Metrorail (Washington Metropolitan Area) KW - Monorail transportation KW - People movers KW - Private enterprise UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369921 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628235 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION TRANSIT PLANNING AND RESEARCH PRIORITIES WORKSHOP PY - 1992/12 SP - 63 p. AB - This is the third in a series of documents that report the continuing development of the Federal Transit Administration's National Transit Planning and Research (TP&R) Program agenda. This volume reports the results of the third Transit Planning and Research Priorities Workshop, held in Tysons Corner, Virginia, on July 15 and 16, 1992. This workshop was a continuation of the aggressive and expanding outreach program conducted by the Federal Transit Administration to assure a vital and cost efficient research program that is responsive to constituent needs. The workshop built upon the solid foundation of the two previous workshops and advanced the mandates of the National Transportation Policy and the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Fta section 6 KW - Ground transportation KW - Intermodal transportation KW - National transportation policies KW - Transit planning and research program KW - Transportation policy KW - United States KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369064 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634152 AU - Battelle Memorial Institute TI - SUMMARY REPORT ON SAFETY INVESTIGATION OF NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AUTHORITY, PART A - TASK 3, STATEN ISLAND RAPID TRANSIT OPERATING AUTHORITY PY - 1992/11/19 SP - 108 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration is conducting an investigation of the safety and security of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority and its transit agencies. This report encompasses the investigation of the Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority. The origins, purpose, and nature of the investigation are described along with a brief overview of SIRTOA and recent progress in the areas of safety and security. Seven safety and security issues are identified as conditions of concern. These are: fitness for duty; signaling system and operational procedures; hazards in public facilities; hazards in non-public facilities; substance abuse program; system safety program; and fiscal crisis effects. KW - Fta section 22 KW - Fta section 6 KW - Investigations KW - New York Metropolitan Area KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Studies KW - System safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374650 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628043 AU - WEINER, E AU - Department of Transportation TI - URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING IN THE UNITED STATES: AN HISTORICAL OVERVIEW. REVISED EDITION PY - 1992/11 SP - 296 p. AB - Urban transportation planning is carried out primarily by state and local agencies. Over the years, much experience has been gained in the planning and evaluation of urban transportation systems. This knowledge can be useful to planners and decision makers in the development and implementation of transportation system changes. This report describes the evolution of urban transportation planning over the last sixty years. This is the fourth edition of the report which was first published in 1983. The earlier edition discussed urban transportation planning to mid-1986. This edition updates the evolution of urban transportation planning and policy to mid-1992. It also contains many additions and some revisions to the earlier edition. The report focuses on key events in the evolution of urban transportation planning, including developments in technical procedures, philosophy, processes and institutions. The changes in legislation, policy, regulations and technology have also been included. KW - Evolution KW - Federal government KW - Institutions KW - Legislation KW - Organizations KW - Policy KW - Regulations KW - Technological development KW - Technology KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/UTP.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/2000/2600/2654/utp.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368956 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00753673 AU - MIDAS Council of Governments AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CITY OF FORT DODGE FY 1994 TO FY 1998 FIVE YEAR TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT PLAN PY - 1992/11 SP - v.p. AB - The Transit Development Plan (TDP) provides direction for the implementation and coordination of public and private transportaation services in Fort Dodge, Iowa. The TDP evaluates services currently available, assesses the transportation needs of the City, builds upon previous plans, provides recommendations for future actions. Policy makers benefit by having several developmental alternatives presented and by being able to follow the progress of the transit system with the preparation of each year's TDP. The document also projects needs and likely developmental directions for a five year period, resulting in greater understanding of the future of the transit program. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Coordination KW - Development KW - Implementation KW - Level of service KW - Needs assessment KW - Private transportation KW - Public transit KW - Transit development plan UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/538974 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634151 AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated TI - NYCTA-SURFACE SUMMARY REPORT. BUS SAFETY INVESTIGATION OF THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY PY - 1992/11 SP - 206 p. AB - The Part B Bus Safety Investigation of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority focused on bus operations at the Metropolitan Suburban Bus Authority and the New York City Transit Authority-Surface. This report summarizes the investigation of NYCTA-Surface. The objective of the Part B investigation was to examine the current status of passenger and employee safety, to develop findings identifying any safety deficiencies, and to summarize significant findings into conditions of concern. The scope of the safety investigation was a comprehensive analysis of all areas of the system that may affect passenger and employee safety and covered policies, documentation, organizational structure, operations, equipment and facilities. On-site visits and interviews were conducted during December 1991 and January and February 1992. Aproximately 400 NYCTA staff members at all organizational levels were interviewed and over 500 documents were reviewed. This report presents findings supporting system safety goals, findings of potential safety issues, and conditions of concern. It represents a "snapshot" of activities during the investigation period. KW - Bus transit KW - Fta section 6 KW - Maintenance KW - New York City Transit Authority KW - Passenger safety KW - Passengers KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - System safety KW - Transit personnel KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374649 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639165 AU - Futrell, M AU - Black, T N AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GLOSSARY OF TRANSIT TERMS USED FOR SECTION 15 PY - 1992/11 SP - 23 p. AB - This report provides a comprehensive glossary of terminology used for the Federal Transit Administration's Section 15 Program. This report is comperable to Appendix D - Glossary contained in the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics 1989 Section 15 Annual Reportt. Section 15 of the Federal Transit Act (FT Act), as amended, provides for establishment of a uniform system of transit accounts and records plus a reporting system for the collection and dissemination of public mass transportation financial and operating data by uniform categories. All applicants and direct beneficiaries of Federal assistance under Section 9 of the FT Act are subject to the reporting system and the uniform system of accounts and records. The purpose of the Section 15 reporting system is to assist in meeting the needs for information on which to base planning for public transportation services and to make public sector investment decisions at all levels of government The terminology provided in this glossary includes the Section 15 reporting year ending in December 1992. KW - Development KW - Expenses KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Investment planning KW - Investments KW - Maintenance data systems KW - Maintenance management KW - Passenger miles KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Transit development plan KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380565 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634782 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GLOSSARY OF TRANSIT TERMS FOR SECTION 15 PY - 1992/11 SP - 19 p. AB - This Glossary of Transit Terms for Section 15 combines into one comprehensive document terminology pertaining to the Section 15 program. An update will be prepared annually to reflect additions and /or changes in Section 15 terminology. KW - Definitions KW - Fta section 15 KW - Glossaries UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374932 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638135 AU - Caliper Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - MTA GEOCODED DATABASE STUDY: GEOGRAPHIC BASED TRANSPORTATION ANALYSIS SYSTEM PY - 1992/10/12 SP - 35 p. AB - The purpose of this project was to develop a common set of databases which could be used by many different MTA and other agencies for many different purposes. A key step was the development of a standard file format for storing the geographic data and related attribute information regardless of its source> A second step was the development of utility programs that make it possible to convert data into the standard interchange format or to extract the data from these files for end use. KW - Databases KW - Fta section 8 KW - Geographic information systems KW - Information exchange KW - Information management KW - Information organization KW - Metropolitan transportation authority KW - New York State Metropolitan Transportation Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380208 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634149 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - LONG ISLAND RAIL ROAD SUMMARY REPORT. SAFETY INVESTIGATION OF THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY PY - 1992/10 SP - 163 p. AB - This safety investigation was conducted as part of a larger Federal Transit Administration safety investigation of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority and its operations. The Federal Railroad Administration investigated those elements of Metro-North Commuter Railroad and Long Island Rail Road which come under FRA regulation/jurisdiction. The inspection included interviews with railroad officers and employees, on-based observations of trains, observation of operational tests and radar speed checks, blue signal inspection, examination of emergency response plans, employee records and operating rules, evaluation of program to control use of alcohol and drugs, analysis of transportation of hazardous materials, inspection of signals, main line track, bridges and tunnels, inspection of locomotive and passenger fleet. In general, a high degree of safety was found. Areas of concern were identified and issues have been discussed with the railroad. FRA will be working with the railroad to require and encourage satisfactory resolution of remaining concerns. KW - Automatic train control KW - Horsepower KW - Inspection KW - Long Island Rail Road KW - Motive power KW - Operational test and evaluation KW - Operations KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad tracks KW - Safety KW - Signal devices KW - System safety KW - Track inspection UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374647 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642673 AU - New York City Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF BUS PRIORITY LANE TREATMENTS PY - 1992/10 SP - 150 p. AB - Successful priority bus lane treatment results in reduced travel time, improved schedule reliability, and increased ridership for buses. New York City has implemented twenty-two bus lanes in the past decade throughout the five boroughs. Some of these have been very successful, however, excessive violations can degrade the efficiency of operation. The most common strategy is to put an enforcement agent right in the middle of the action, which is expensive. This study examines a series of techniques to attain low violation rates with fewer agents. KW - Bus lanes KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Law enforcement KW - New York (New York) KW - Violations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381570 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628041 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THIS IS FTA PY - 1992/10 SP - 24 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Transportation. Headed by an Administrator appointed by the President, FTA administers a program of financial assistance for the providers of urban and rural public mass transportation. The Federal Transit Act, as amended, is the statutory authority for FTA's programs. This brochure provides a history of the development of public transportation in the United States and introduces the FTA and its major programs. KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368954 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628035 AU - Willson, R W AU - California Polytechnic State University, Pomona AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SUBURBAN PARKING ECONOMICS AND POLICY: CASE STUDIES OF OFFICE WORKSITES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PY - 1992/10 SP - 138 p. AB - Suburban parking policy affects travel mode choices, built form, and environmental quality, but the issue has received little attention. The objective of this research was to build a knowledge base on suburban parking by studying worksites in Southern California, examining issues in parking supply, pricing, and policy. Each of the 10 employment sites studied was treated as a case study and comparative analyses were performed. The research was designed to (1) select study sites that would provide a useful cross-section of employment sites, and (2) develop methods that provide information concerning the parking, transportation, and development circumstances of each study site. This research includes interviews and perspectives of the key actors affecting parking policy. The in-depth case studies show that parking is substantially oversupplied. Local jurisdictions often require developers to build more parking than is demanded. In addition, those requirements are not closely tied to the use of the building. Suburban office parking is usually free, masking its substantial economic cost. Neither tenants nor commuters receive appropriate price signals about the cost of providing parking. Overall, this report provides conclusions and offers policy options for local governments, developers, employers, Federal government, and transit operators. Appendix A describes the research design, ways in which the issues were addressed, and data collection methods. Appendix B summarizes each of the 10 case studies. KW - Activity centers KW - Commuters KW - Demand KW - Employer parking KW - Employers KW - Fta section 11 KW - Mobility KW - Parking KW - Parking costs KW - Parking demand KW - Pay parking KW - Suburbs KW - Tenant parking KW - Travel demand KW - Travel demand management KW - Zoning UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/8363.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368949 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634673 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. THE THIRTY LARGEST AGENCIES FOR THE 1991 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1992/10 SP - 61 p. AB - This publication consists of consolidated profiles for the thirty largest transit agencies in the United States. The criteria used to determine the thirty largest agencies is operating expenses reported for the 1991 report year. The data contained in each profile consists of general and summary reports, as well as modal, performance, and trend indicators for the 1991 report year. The profile supplies both general and financial system information. Transit system characterics are also portrayed by mode, and, additionally, selected performance measures are provided. KW - Fta section 15 KW - Modal analysis KW - Modal split KW - Operating costs KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Profiles KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56607/transitprofilest00unse_4.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374903 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628170 JO - PROJECT ACTION UPDATE PB - National Easter Seal Society AU - National Easter Seal Society AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADA IMPLEMENTATION: A PROJECT ACTION COMMENTARY PY - 1992/10 SP - 2 p. AB - This is the first in a continuing series of articles that will appear in Project ACTION Update on important implementation issues related to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). July 26, 1992 marked the second anniversary of ADA. Implementation of the transportation requirements is well under way. Initial implementation efforts have been positive, with transportation providers moving toward compliance. But as the knowledge base and experience with implementation grows, a number of pertinent questions and critical issues have surfaced repeatedly regarding ADA regulatory requirements and accessibility standards. Chief among these are: concerns regarding implementation costs; petitions to change rules; ADA complementary paratransit eligibility determinations; insurance and liability relative to mobility aid securement; and transit personnel training. It is too early to determine how the emerging implementation issues will be resolved. However, it is believed that such problem solving requires a continuing need for closer dialogue among transportation policy makers, practitioners and consumers with disabilities. To ensure that the dialogue is ongoing and constructive, close cooperation and collaboration is critical. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Costs KW - Eligibility KW - Implementation KW - Liability insurance KW - Mobility aids KW - Training KW - Transit personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372327 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628171 JO - PROJECT ACTION UPDATE PB - National Easter Seal Society AU - National Easter Seal Society AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION'S TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE OFFERS INFORMATION EXCHANGE PY - 1992/10 SP - 1 p. AB - Project ACTION is in the process of establishing a National Institute for Accessible Transportation (NIAT) that will provide a variety of services to the transit and disability communities including dissemination of demonstration information, products and training. The institute will be housed in the same office as Project ACTION in Washington, DC. The institute is developing a comprehensive database for information dissemination, with a goal to have on file any information relevant to accessible transportation and related ADA regulations implementation. Readers who have in the past or are currently working on programs, training curricula, research, technology, materials, databases are invited to send information to the institute. That information will be made available to a broad audience of transit providers, disability service providers, consumers, colleges and universities, and others interested in promoting and implementing accessible transportation. Contact: Pat Brigati, Project ACTION, National Institute for Accessible Transportation, 1350 New York Avenue, NW, Suite 711, Washington DC 20005; (202)347-3066. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Barrier free design KW - Implementation KW - Information dissemination KW - Information exchange KW - Information organization KW - National institute for accessible transportation KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Public transit KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372328 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628173 JO - PROJECT ACTION UPDATE PB - National Easter Seal Society AU - National Easter Seal Society AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PERSONNEL TRAINING PY - 1992/10 SP - p. 11 AB - The Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance (Access) Board will be publishing nine technical asssistance manuals in the coming months to help transit practitioners, disability advocates and others to understand the background and underlying rationale of the Americans with Disabilities Act Acessibility Guidelines for Transportation Vehicles (Vehicle Guidelines). Working in cooperation with the Access Board, Project ACTION will be publishing additional copies of these manuals as they are completed. The first two manuals in this series will be published and made available to the public by the Access Board in December 1992. Additional copies will be published by Project ACTION in January 1993 as follows: Buses, Vans, and Systems; and Over the Road Buses and Systems. Call the Access Board at 1(800)USA-ABLE or Project ACTION at (202)347-3066 to obtain copies of these publications and information about the other seven publications in this series. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Guidelines KW - Manuals KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Technical assistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372330 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628169 JO - PROJECT ACTION UPDATE PB - National Easter Seal Society AU - National Easter Seal Society AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION FUNDS PHASE II LOCAL DEMONSTRATION AND RESEARCH PROJECTS PY - 1992/10 SP - 2 p. AB - Project ACTION officially launched Phase II of its national research and local demonstration effort with the funding of 22 local demonstration projects and two important research initiatives. These projects are directly aimed at broadening the scope of Project ACTION's mission. However, this round of projects will involve new initiatives that focus on important implementation issues related to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and that address a broader spectrum of accessible transportation needs for people with disabilities. Eighty local demonstration and research projects vied for the $1.2 million funding pool. Funding was offered to eligible recipients for project activities falling into the following categories: Identification of people with disabilities in the community and their transportation needs; Development of outreach and marketing strategies to promote awareness of accessibility to people with disabilities; Development of training programs for transit personnel in delivery service to people with disabilities; Development of training programs for people with disabilities in the use of public transportation; Application of technology to eliminate barriers to transportation accessibility; Training and technical assistance to private entities involved in the delivery of transportation services to the public; and Multiple category projects involving activities covering more than one of the above areas. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Barrier free design KW - Demonstration projects KW - Disabled people KW - Marketing KW - Outreach strategies KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Technical assistance KW - Training programs KW - Transit personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372326 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628172 JO - PROJECT ACTION UPDATE PB - National Easter Seal Society AU - National Easter Seal Society AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - NATIONAL RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS FUNDED BY PROJECT ACTION PY - 1992/10 SP - p. 8 AB - ECRI will conduct research on how best to position and secure riders and their mobility aids in transit vehicles. The central issue to be addressed by this research is whether to position wheelchairs and scooters in a forward, rearward or angled position relative to the forward motion of the transit vehicle. Existing data and proposed solutions on this issue will be analyzed and evaluated and gaps in our current understanding of the problem will be identified. Emphasis will be given to determining the soundness of existing technical studies including tests of transit vehicles, securement systems, passenger restraint systems, mobility aids, and the physiological effects on passengers in collisions. Experts in the field will be consulted and existing national and international standards on the subject will be reviewed. Based on these analyses, recommendations will be made on different options of ways to proceed in addressing this issue. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Mobility aids KW - Paratransit vehicles KW - Passenger restraints KW - Restraint systems KW - Scooters KW - Securements KW - Securing and joining equipment KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372329 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634147 AU - Gilbert, S AU - Interactive Elements Incorporated TI - THE LONG ISLAND RAIL ROAD SUMMARY REPORT. SAFETY INVESTIGATION OF THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY, PART C PY - 1992/09/28 SP - 173 p. AB - The results of a comprehensive safety investigation of the Long Island Rail Road are presented. The investigation was carried out pursuant to Section 22 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act as amended (49 USC Section 1618). The investigation covers five areas of railroad activities: system safety and the system safety program plan (SSPP); management practices; physical systems affecting passenger loading areas; security; and fire and life safety. The investigation examined railroad safety practices using a top-down analysis: Does a policy exist; is it adequate; is it communicated effectively; is it budgeted for; is it implemented; is its implementation effective; and, is it monitored (checked, validated, and revised as necessary)? A team of investigators examined some 605 documents, conducted 261 interviews, and visited 306 sites, meetings, and related outside agencies. The report presents a thorough discussion of the investigation methodology, including valuable information about the conduct of similar investigations in the future. KW - Capital investments KW - Fire prevention KW - Fires KW - Long Island Rail Road KW - Passenger safety KW - Passenger security KW - Passengers KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - System safety KW - Transit personnel KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374646 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628042 AU - Coburn, N AU - Martin, C AU - Thompson, R AU - Norstrom, D AU - Battelle Memorial Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GUIDELINES FOR IMPROVEMENTS TO TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES PY - 1992/09 SP - 80 p. AB - The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 establishes a clear and comprehensive prohibition of discrimination on the basis of disability. The Act requires the Secretary of Transportation to issue regulations necessary for carrying out specific parts of the Act pertaining to public transportation. The purposes of this report are to assist U.S. transit system operators in complying with the ADA and to review alternative techniques of providing accessibility for passengers with disabilities. The report: (1) examines barriers to the use of public transit by persons with disabilities; (2) provides information on techniques and devices that can improve transit access; and (3) identifies and recommends areas for research and development that may help to overcome existing barriers to accessibility. KW - Access techniques KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Barrier free design KW - Cognitive impairment KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guidelines KW - Hearing impaired persons KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Visually impaired persons UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368955 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634154 AU - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. REVISED EDITION PY - 1992/09 SP - v.p. AB - The objective of this document is to provide a single source of sketch planning data on the most important performance characteristics of contemporary urban transportation systems in a format that lends itself to easy reference. This handbook does not deal explicitly with passenger demand, but assesses also the supply or performance characteristics of urban transportation systems, including the following: speed; capacity; operating costs; labor inputs; capital costs; energy consumption; emission of air pollutants; and, accident rates and costs. The following modes are discussed: rail transit (rapid, light, and commuter); bus transit; automobiles, trucks, and the highway system; high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes; and, automated guideway transit (AGT). KW - City planning KW - Demand KW - Handbooks KW - Manuals KW - Passenger demand KW - Performance KW - Performance characteristics KW - Supply KW - Supply and demand KW - Systems analysis KW - Transportation KW - Transportation systems analysis KW - Travel demand KW - Urban transit UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56359/characteristics9307unse_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6600/6613/Characte.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375540 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628136 AU - Francis, G A AU - Norstrom, D AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GUIDELINE SPECIFICATIONS FOR PASSIVE LIFTS, ACTIVE LIFTS, WHEELCHAIR RAMPS AND SECUREMENT DEVICES PY - 1992/09 SP - v.p. AB - These updated guideline specifications are for use by accessible vehicle purchasers in preparing specifications for passive and active lifts, wheelchair ramps and securement devices. These guidelines are an update of FTA Guidelines prepared in 1986. Major changes have been made in order to be in agreement with 49 CFR, Part 38. Part 38 is based on guidelines and requirements issued by the Architectural and Transportation Barrier Compliance Board, as required by Titles II and III of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990. Part 38 sets forth DOT standards in compliance with the Board's guidelines and requirements for accessible transportation vehicles. These updated guideline specifications also include changes based on experience since 1986 and on comments and suggestions of people from the transit industry who have reviewed drafts of these new guideline specifications. These updated guideline specifications are designed to accommodate loads not to exceed 600 pounds. Maximum safety for all persons using such lifts and devices and increased accessibility are of primary concern in the guideline specifications. KW - Accessibility KW - Aerodynamic lift KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guidelines KW - Lifts KW - Mobility KW - Mobility aids KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Ramps KW - Securement KW - Securement systems KW - Securing and joining equipment KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5578/772a.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369914 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00801951 AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Pine and Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS FUEL USE TRAINING MANUAL PY - 1992/09 SP - 30 p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) Alternative Fuel Initiative and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 1991 regulations on transit bus exhaust emissions has resulted in a number of alternative fueled transit bus demonstrations. Since the chemical and physical properties for compressed natural gas (CNG) are significantly different than for diesel fuel, a training program was needed. The purpose of this program was to inform transit employees of the characteristics of CNG and to instruct them in the proper use and handling of the new fuel in various transit operations. This manual describes CNG fuel use in transit, including CNG properties, flammability, advantages, effects on health, along with safety precautions and procedures and operating transit vehicles with CNG. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Diesel fuels KW - Employees KW - Environmental protection KW - Flammability KW - Health hazards KW - Manuals KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - Training KW - Transit buses KW - Transit personnel KW - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/17000/17000/17093/PB2000108011.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/666951 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00669191 AU - Phillips, D AU - Chicago Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - AUTOMATIC VEHICLE LOCATION/CONTROL AND TRAFFIC SIGNAL PREEMPTION: LESSONS FROM EUROPE PY - 1992/09 SP - 140 p. AB - The Chicago Transit Authority's (CTA) need to replace an old bus radio system with an automatic vehicle location/control (AVLC) system and to update the traffic signal preemption (TSP) system generated this tour of European systems. Europe has led in the deployment of such systems. The purpose of this travel log report is to document the insights and sharing of information provided by the European site visits, in the hope that other persons in the transit community will benefit from this information. The travel log documents the lessons learned from the European site visits by staffs from the CTA and the City of Chicago. The European site visits began in October 1991. The first week focused on AVLC systems in Germany and included site visits to Osnabruck, Koln, Wiesbaden, Saarbrucken and Stuttgart. The second week focused on TSP and included visits to Zurich, Hanover, and Amsterdam. The European tour provided invaluable insights in the development of the CTA's AVLC system. The report highlights the generosity and eagerness of European suppliers to share their experience as well as the knowledge and dedication of the people encountered at all levels. KW - Advanced vehicle control systems KW - Automatic vehicle control KW - Bus transportation KW - Europe KW - Fta section 6 KW - Passenger information systems KW - Technology KW - Traffic signal preemption UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/410765 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639161 AU - McFadden, C D AU - Strieter, W E AU - Waller, C A AU - BERRY, W B AU - Notre Dame University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COLD WEATHER TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM. VOLUME 2: COIL DESIGN FOR THE RADIO FREQUENCY THIRD RAIL DE-ICER PY - 1992/09 SP - 90 p. AB - This report documents the basic background theory used in the design decisions for the RF coil and RF generator which made up the RF Third Rail Deicer Prototype test system. There are two basic sections. The first reviews two coil designs, an C-coil and the Z-coil. Respectively, these coils are high and low impedence coils and are best adapted to solid state and vacuum technologies. The second part contains an approach to the nonlinear thermal problem associated with melting and refreeze of the ice layer adjacent to the third rail steel surface. KW - Coils (Electromagnetism) KW - Deicing KW - Deicing chemicals KW - Fta section 6 KW - Melting KW - Radio waves KW - Thermal diffusion KW - Third rail UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380561 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639162 AU - BERRY, W B AU - KLEINMAN, R L AU - SACHS, J L AU - Notre Dame University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COLD WEATHER TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM. VOLUME 4: HEATED RAIL VS THIRD RAIL DEICING PY - 1992/09 SP - 128 p. AB - This report presents an analysis of the heat required to maintain the temperature of third rail above freezing during weather conditions which could result in icing. The purpose is to compare heated rail to RF Deicing. A cost analysis is presented to compare costs for a single event, annual expected costs based on weather history, maintenance costs and initial installation costs. The cost is based on a 10 mile transit line using using current practices for rail heater installation and energy costs determined from a survey of the transit authorities. The results show the RF Third Rail Deicer System to be the cost effective application for a projected design marketable model. KW - Analysis KW - Cold weather KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Deicing KW - Fta section 6 KW - Operations KW - Radio waves KW - Third rail KW - Weather conditions UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380562 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628086 AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Pine and Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS FUEL USE TRAINING MANUAL TO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION/FTA OFFICE OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PY - 1992/09 SP - 28 p. AB - The manual discusses alternative fuels in transit, in general, and provides reasons for their use. After providing specific advantages of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), its physical properties, flammability, and effects on health are detailed. Safety precautions and procedures are covered under the following categories: general, fire, accidents, and inhalation. The last chapter discusses vehicle operations; repairing; fueling, and provides answers to some common questions. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Flammability KW - Fta section 6 KW - Fueling KW - Health hazards KW - Physical properties KW - Refueling KW - Repairing KW - Safety KW - Safety practices KW - Vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368971 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634150 AU - Gilbert, S AU - Interactive Elements Incorporated TI - METRO-NORTH COMMUTER RAILROAD SUMMARY REPORT. SAFETY INVESTIGATION OF THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY, PART C PY - 1992/08/14 SP - 140 p. AB - The results of a comprehensive safety investigation of Metro-North Commuter Railroad are presented. The investigation was carried out pursuant to Section 22 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act as amended (49 USC Section 1618). The investigation covers five areas of railroad activities: system safety and the system safety program plan (SSPP); management practices; physical systems affecting passenger loading areas; security; and fire and life safety. The investigation examined railroad safety practices using a top-down analysis: Does a policy exist; is it adequate; is it communicated effectively; is it budgeted for; is it implemented; is its implementation effective; and is it monitored (checked, validated, and revised as necessary)? A team of investigators examined some 322 documents, conducted 158 interviews, and visited 172 sites, meetings, and related outside agencies. The report presents a thorough discussion of the investigation methodology, including valuable information about the conduct of similar investigations in the future. KW - Passenger safety KW - Passenger security KW - Passengers KW - Public transit KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Safety KW - System safety KW - Transit personnel KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374648 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638134 AU - Department of Health and Human Services AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FINAL REPORT ON THE DOT/DHHS COORDINATION ROUNDTABLE PY - 1992/08 SP - v.p. AB - Both the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) have been actively promoting and facilitating the coordination of transportation services. In order to achieve the cooperation, a Coordination Roundtable meeting was held August 12, 1992. This report summarizes the major findings of this meeting. An overview of the meeting, which includes a description of the process and agenda, is provided. Key findings and recommendations are then detailed. A listing of state officials and national association representatives who participated in the meeting, as well as other observers, is provided. KW - Coordination KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Public participation KW - Regional planning KW - State planning KW - States KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381984 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628137 AU - Westchester County Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - ATE Management and Service Company, Incorporated TI - COMPREHENSIVE OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE BEE-LINE SYSTEM, WESTCHESTER COUNTY, NEW YORK, FINAL REPORT PY - 1992/08 SP - 256 p. AB - The purpose of this study was to analyze the Bee-Line service as a system and a fundamental part of the Westchester County infrastructure, to recommend improvements to the Bee-Line service on a systemwide and route-by-route basis, and to provide the Westchester County Department of Transportation with the data and procedures to continually adapt service to meet the changing local environment and transit market. KW - Bee-line KW - Fta section 8 KW - Infrastructure KW - Market assessment KW - Route analysis KW - Routes KW - Westchester County (New York) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368998 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634426 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE PROJECT CASE STUDIES: HISTORICAL TRENDS AND PROJECT EXPERIENCES. INTERIM REPORT PY - 1992/08 SP - 68 p. AB - This report presents the examination of historical trends and current experiences with high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) projects in six selected case study sites. HOV facilities in Houston, Texas; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Orange County, California; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Seattle, Washington; and Washington, D.C./Northern Virginia are examined. In addition, available information on other HOV projects located on freeways or in separate rights-of-way is reviewed. The report represents one part of a three-year assessment of HOV projects in North America. The report includes an examination of historical information on utilization levels, operating characteristics, and impacts of the HOV projects. KW - Busways KW - Case studies KW - Freeways KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Impacts KW - Minneapolis (Minnesota) KW - Operations KW - Orange County (California) KW - Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) KW - Seattle (Washington) KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Utilization KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6400/6421/dot-t-94-18.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374760 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633454 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - AN ASSESSMENT OF HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE FACILITIES IN NORTH AMERICA: EXECUTIVE REPORT PY - 1992/08 SP - 93 p. AB - This executive report provides an overall summary of the major elements of the assessment of high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane projects located either on freeways or in separate rights-of-way in North America. The report includes a discussion of the purpose of the assessment, an overview of the status of HOV facilities in North America, suggested procedures for evaluating HOV projects, detailed information on selected HOV case studies, proposed future HOV projects, and areas for further research. This report summarizes information contained in the four major reports that have been prepared as part of the three-year assessment. Those reports are: "A Description of High-Occupancy Vehicle Facilities in North America"; "Suggested Procedures for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Freeway HOV Facilities"; "High-Occupancy Vehicle Project Case Studies: History and Institutional Arrangements"; and "High-Occupancy Vehicle Project Case Studies: Historical Trends and Project Experiences". KW - Assessments KW - Busways KW - Case studies KW - Evaluation and assessment KW - Future KW - Future research KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - North America KW - Research UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56332/assessmentofhig9417texa_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/3805.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374389 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628162 AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - KT ANALYTICS INC TI - TDM STATUS REPORT: TRANSPORTATION ALLOWANCES PY - 1992/08 SP - 10 p. AB - The status report discusses the following travel allowance programs that provide subsidies to employees in one form or another: transit fare allowances or subsidies; vanpool fare allowances; parking allowances or free parking; and general travel allowances. Examples are given for each type of program. The report also recognizes that transit and rideshare allowances have a modest impact on modal shares at employment sites, whereas greater reductions in solo driving have been achieved when incentives are packaged with other travel related benefits. For implemention of these programs, following aspects are discussed: rationales for setting up the programs; eligibility requirements; monitoring procedures and administration; reactions of managers and employees; tax consequences; and cost implications. KW - Demand KW - Fta section 6 KW - Mobility KW - Tdm KW - Transportation allowances KW - Travel demand management UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5600/5646/tdmta.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369011 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628161 AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - KT ANALYTICS INC TI - TDM STATUS REPORT: PARKING PRICING PY - 1992/08 SP - 8 p. AB - The status report discusses the ways both government and the private sector can implement parking pricing strategies to encourage use of alternatives to solo driving. Examples are given of programs already in effect. The effectiveness of parking pricing in reducing solo driving and increasing use of alternative modes of travel depends on: current pricing levels and changes in the price level; and the attractiveness of travel and parking alternatives. Some documented cases of dramatic declines in solo driving and trip making resulting from parking pricing are provided as examples. The report also discusses implementation of the program with emphasis on applicability, planning considerations, cost and revenue issues, and monitoring and evaluation. Additionally, certain effectiveness and implementation issues that deserve attention in future applications are briefly discussed. KW - Commuter parking KW - Demand KW - Fta section 6 KW - Mobility KW - Pay parking KW - Pricing KW - Tdm KW - Travel demand management UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/data/tdmpp.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369010 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628143 AU - Murphy, M J AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROPERTIES OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS PY - 1992/08 SP - v.p. AB - As interest in alternative fuels grows, the need for data on various fuel properties grows also. This report is intended to provide a convenient reference to a number of alternative fuel properties. An attempt has been made to provide literature references to virtually all the data in the tables. Many of these references also contain explanatory material that was too lengthy to be included in the tables proper. The data includes: physical properties; chemical composition; combustion properties; energy content; and health properties. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Chemical composition KW - Combustion KW - Combustion rate KW - Energy efficiency KW - Fta section 6 KW - Fuel composition KW - Fuel properties KW - Health hazards KW - Physical properties UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369917 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628149 AU - Gannett Fleming Transportation Engineers, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - MODERNIZATION OF THE NATION'S RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS: A STATUS REPORT PY - 1992/08 AB - This report is a review and update on the progress the major urban transit authorities have made in rail modernization since 1984. The first Rail Modernization Study (published in April 1987) projected a cost of $17.8 billion (in 1983 dollars) to upgrade the nation's rail system to a "good" condition over the ten year period from 1984 through 1993. Rail system conditions range from "poor" to "excellent", with good defined as the desirable level over the long term. KW - Fta section 8 KW - Modernization KW - Rail transit KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369920 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622803 AU - Savas, E S AU - Cantarella, A AU - City College of New York of the City University of New York TI - A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUS OPERATIONS IN NEW YORK CITY PY - 1992/07 SP - 55 p. AB - The purpose of this study is to compare the relative performance of public and private bus service in New York City, with the ultimate objective of encouraging prudent privatization where justified, using competitive bidding to create an environment where both the public and private sectors compete fairly to serve particular routes. Privatization by contracting out is widespread for many common municipal services, including bus operations. The result generally has been lower costs for the same or higher quality of service. For the study, data from public and private bus operators were collected and analyzed. The following performance measures were calculated and compared: cost efficiency, service effectiveness, and service quality and safety. The private operators were found to be more cost efficie and cost effective; the results for service effectiveness are mixed. The private buses are also superior with respect to mean distance between failures and frequency of collision accidents. The City should introduce competitive bidding for routes currently serviced by private firms which now have, in permanent franchises. The Transit Authority should use competitive bidding for its regular routes, allowing orivate contractors to bid against the TA; it should also contract with van services for late-night and low-demand routes. Political will is needed to overcome opposition and to allay fears. KW - Bus transportation KW - Contracting KW - Fixed routes KW - Fta section 11 KW - Governments KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Privatization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363117 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628039 AU - BASSILY, F P AU - McGuthry, W D AU - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF TRACK MAINTENANCE TRAINING AND MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROGRAMS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1992/07 SP - 57 p. AB - This report documents the development of Track Maintenance Training Program and a Track Maintenance Information System as part of an overall Rail Maintenance Management Information System. The training program which was designed for track maintenance consists of three main components: (1) A curriculum of courses that documents the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) track maintenance work unit procedures, skills requirements and management systems; (2) A core training program that utilizes the training courses of the curriculum in an integrated training effort involving classroom and on-the-job training; and (3) An ongoing program that consists of training courses conducted by supervisors on an as-needed basis. The Track Maintenance Information System is an integral part of the Department of Rail's Maintenance Management Information System. The overall system, entitled "Maintenance and Reliability System (MARS)", is written in DATACOM/DB and provides for work order tracking, an inventory of physical assets, and the scheduling of preventive maintenance. KW - Fta section 6 KW - Information systems KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance and reliability system KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance of way KW - Maintenance practices KW - Preventive maintenance KW - Rail transit KW - Reliability KW - Training programs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368952 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647984 AU - Kirkemo, G AU - Washington State Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DHS/WSDOT TRANSPORTATION BROKERAGE PROJECT PY - 1992/07 SP - 552 p. AB - The objectives of this project were: to provide a single point of contact for social and health service programs and transportation providers regarding issues of common interest; to develop a scheme for tracking costs of providing services to specific social and health service programs; to test the concept of brokering services; and, to identify and resolve state, federal, and other barriers to providing transportation services to a mix of clients of social and health services. This report discusses the development of a demonstration project to test the feasibility of coordinating all non-emergent client transportation programs sponsored by DSHS through application of a transportation brokerage model. The report begins with a brief introduction and description of the project, as well as an overview that includes discussions on ADA impacts, key Federal players/agencies, and the model used to represent how the people's trip needs are sometimes screened out. The report also discusses subject areas such as providing coordinating client transportation services using a brokerage model. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Brokerage KW - Cost accounting KW - Disabled people KW - Fta section 3 KW - Health care services KW - Information systems KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Service agencies KW - Social service UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387376 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627887 AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVE FUELS: A PERSPECTIVE FOR SMALL TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1992/06/30 SP - 68 p. AB - This Executive summary is a brief review of the key information and issues presented in the complex "Public Transportation Alternative Fuels" report (PB92-120120). The purpose of this study is to provide small, public transportation operators in the State of California with information necessary to evaluate alternative fuels and technologies for complying with future State and Federal emission regulations. The alternative fuels examined include "clean diesel" fuel, methanol, natural gas (both compressed and liquefied), ethanol and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). These fuels are examined across a variety of criteria including fuel availability and costs, vehicle reliability, durability, safety, fuel economy, and emission characteristics. The equipment and facilities needed for refueling alternative technology buses are also examined along with modifications needed to maintenance garages to ensure safe operations with these new fuels. All capital and operating costs associated with implementing each of the alternative fuels are detailed for differernt size transit properties. Advanced electric propulsion technologies including batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, and electric trolley buses are also briefly examined but in less detail than the other alternative fuels. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Diesel fuels KW - Electric power KW - Electrical systems KW - Ethanol KW - Fta section 8 KW - Methanol KW - Natural gas KW - Pollutants KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Small business KW - Transit operators KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368862 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628124 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TO CLASSIFY TRANSIT SERVICES: EIGHT CASE STUDIES. FINAL REPORT. AN FTA POLICY PAPER PY - 1992/06 SP - 220 p. AB - This report presents the results of an analysis of the change in the mix of fixed-route transit service in eight metropolitan areas. These case studies were conducted for the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) to support its 1992 report to Congress concerning transit performance. The case studies provide a reasonable picture of how transit performance has changed with respect to different functions served by transit. The analysis examined the functions, characteristics, and clientele of six different types of bus service. These route types cover the bus services provided by local transit systems. The case studies examined the change in the mix of service provided in the following metropolitan areas: Albany, NY; Miami FL; Los Angeles County, CA; Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN; St Louis, MS; San Antonio, TX; San Diego, CA; and Washington DC. These cities were selected because (1) they represented a geographic cross-section of large and medium-sized cities served by complex transit systems; and (2) their own data were in a form readily useful for this analysis. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Case studies KW - Characteristics KW - Fixed routes KW - Functional analysis KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Performance evaluations KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Routes KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368989 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00745290 AU - Nihan, N L AU - TransNow, Transportation Northwest AU - Office of the Secretary of Transportation TI - A STUDY OF THE PLANNED N.E. PACIFIC STREET HOV FACILITY PY - 1992/06 SP - 48 p. AB - This report presents an analysis of HOV improvements for two signalized arterials in the Seattle metropolitan area. The first involves a planned 1,000 foot (304 m) queue jumper lane on NE Pacific Street in the University District of Seattle. This planned improvement was studied prior to its implementation in Spring of 1990. As part of this study, an extensive before-date set was developed. The planned improvement is now in place, and an extensive after-study is now in progress as part of a follow-up project. The second study was more of a feasibility analysis of possible HOV improvements for a suburban arterial. Specifically, NE 85th/Redmond Way, a 2.5 mile (4 km) stretch of arterial from Interstate 405 in Kirkland to Willor Road in Redmond, was identified as one of the highest priority arterials to be considered for HOV improvements. KW - Arterial highways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Improvements KW - Signalized intersections KW - Streets KW - Traffic control UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/20000/20100/20136/PB98110893.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/472507 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628155 AU - Lugcio, T J AU - Parker, J A AU - EG&G Dynatrend AU - Parker (Jeffrey A) and Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TURNKEY PROCUREMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND ISSUES PY - 1992/06 SP - 60 p. AB - This report discusses several innovative procurement methods which involve greater private sector participation in the planning, engineering, construction, operation and financing of mass transit fixed guideway systems. These methods are designed to contain the cost and risk factors of such projects by sharing the responsibilities for these factors between public and private interests. This report covers the following innovative procurement methods: Turnkey, Super Turnkey, Build-Operate-Transfer, Build-Transfer-Operate, Franchises and others. It also identifies experiences and issues in the application of these innovative procurement methods. KW - Financing KW - Procurement KW - Public private partnerships KW - Turnkey systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369005 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640053 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - ELECTRIC TROLLEY BUS PY - 1992/06 SP - 9 p. AB - This brochure describes the advantages and representative applications of the electric trolley bus (ETB). Their attractiveness to the public is recognized as the most important advantage of ETBs. Other advantages mentioned are: passenger capacity between motor buses and light rail transit; comfort, reliability, permanence, and environmental profile superior to motor buses; and complexity and costs less than rail transit. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Capacity KW - Consumer preferences KW - Costs KW - Electric buses KW - Environmental impacts KW - Environmental quality KW - Mode choice KW - Passenger comfort KW - Reliability KW - Travel demand KW - Trolleybuses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380882 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00640054 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - COMMUTER RAIL TRANSPORT PY - 1992/06 SP - v.p. AB - Whether it is called regional rail, commuter service, metro, or commuter rail, hundreds of thousands of commuters ride it every workday. Commuter rail has historically been defined as serving suburban and rural areas of major metropolitan regions and functioning somewhere between intercity passenger train service and urban rapid transit/metro service. The increasing "suburbanization" of major metropolitan cities across the continent has prompted a remarkable revival of truly regional rail service, and, for the first time in decades, the introduction of entirely new commuter rail service. This booklet is designed to tell the reader what commuter rail is and perhaps give you an idea of how it can help your community solve some of its mobility problems. KW - Commuter service KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Mobility KW - Rail transit KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382031 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627884 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE UNITED STATES: PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION. THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION'S REPORT TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, PURSUANT TO 49 USC 308 PY - 1992/06 SP - 112 p. AB - This report has been prepared to fulfill the statutory requirement as stated in 49 USC 308. It consists of three chapters. Chapter one provides a general overview largely from the perspective of the transit rider, or customer. Chapter two provides data and information to document how the cost of mass transportation has changed since the last Section 308 report was issued. The third chapter addresses an issue that is called out in the legislative mandate: future capital investment needs for mass transportation seen in terms of different projected levels of mass transportation service. KW - Capital investments KW - Level of service KW - Public transit KW - Reporting KW - Reports KW - Requirements KW - Ridership KW - Specifications KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368861 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634784 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - ADVANCE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS SIX-YEAR PLAN. DRAFT PY - 1992/06 SP - 53 p. AB - This document is the FTA's program plan for the Advanced Public Transportation Systems Program. The purpose of this program plan is to define the APTS Program goals and objectives; to highlight the benefits that can accrue through the APTS Program; to describe how the program is structured to accomplish the objectives; and to outline the ongoing and planned work on the program and the associated available and estimated resources. The program plan covers the fiscal years 1992 through 1997. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Benefits KW - Evaluation KW - Fta section 6 KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Program evaluation KW - Strategic planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374933 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628087 AU - IVHS America AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - SURFACE TRANSPORTATION AND THE INFORMATION AGE: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IVHS AMERICA 1992 ANNUAL MEETING, NEWPORT BEACH, CALIFORNIA, MAY 17-20, 1992 PY - 1992/05/17 AB - This Volume 2 report documents the Surface Transportation and the Information Age Proceedings of the IVHS America 1992 Annual Meeting, held at Newport Beach, California on May 17-20, 1992. All materials including the addresses have been collected and carefully arranged (according to subject area) in this document. The proceedings include papers presented at all sessions by representatives of the United States, Europe, and Japan. Some of the subject areas covered by the proceedings include future technologies, traffic control systems, vehicle information and communication systems, mobility in Europe, global standardization in geographic data, legal issues, IVHS standards, electronic toll and traffic management, 21st century technologies, and other advanced technologies. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Cooperation KW - Europe KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - International KW - International compacts KW - International standards KW - Japan KW - Public private partnerships KW - Radio frequency KW - Standards KW - Traffic control KW - Traffic signal hardware UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369910 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639143 AU - Tucci, J AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - 1991 STATISTICAL SUMMARIES. FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION GRANT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS PY - 1992/05/15 SP - v.p. AB - The "Fiscal Year Statistical Summaries" present selected analyzed data on the distribution and use of various formula and discretionary program funds for transit. The programs discussed are the principal source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas for mass transportation. The data is compiled from the capital, operating, and planning assistance grants awarded in fiscal year 1991 to transit authorities, states, metropolitan planning agencices, and other units of local governments. The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) obligated a total of $3.3 billion in Fiscal Year 1991. Of this about 73% was programmed for capital purposes; 25% for operating expenditures, and the remaining 2% for planning assistance. The urbanized areas with populations over 1 million received about 73% of the total grant funds obligated (funds for Washington, D.C. Metro not included). The document includes over 50 charts, graphs, and tables describing differenet aspects of the FTA grant programs. They include both overview material and specifics on funding of some individual urban modes (most notably rail cars and ferry systems). In FY 1991 a table was added showing FTA's financial involvement in busways and HOV lanes. KW - Discretionary program funds KW - Federal aid KW - Finance KW - Formula program funds KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Statistics KW - Transportation KW - Urban transit UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56307/1991statisticals00msjo_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382008 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644038 AU - North Carolina State University, Raleigh AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE TENTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION: PROCEEDINGS, ASHVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA, OCTOBER 13-16 PY - 1992/05 SP - 93 p. AB - The theme, "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow", provided the foundation for exploring important issues, namely accessible, affordable transportation. This proceedings report contains overviews of more than half of the conference sessions conducted. The speakers' papers and/or presentation outlines are also included in this report. KW - Accessibility KW - Affordable transit KW - Conference programs KW - Conferences KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386307 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628001 AU - Ferguson, E AU - Ross, C AU - Meyer, M AU - University of Georgia, Experiment TI - TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES PY - 1992/05 SP - 158 p. AB - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of transportation management associations (TMAs) as institutional arrangements for implementing travel demand management (TDM) strategies at large urban and suburban employment activity centers in the United States. Over 110 TMAs were identified in this analysis and a detailed 12-page evaluation survey was mailed to all of the 110 TMAs identified. This paper provides an overview of the research findings and conclusions arising from this national evaluation study. The survey included information on TMA initiation, leadership, corporate membership, budgeting and finance, goals and objectives, products and services, performance monitoring and evaluation, and short term implementation priorities, These aspects of the TMA development are discussed in the paper. KW - Activity centers KW - Employment KW - Evaluation and assessment KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation management associations KW - Travel demand KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368917 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00716378 AU - Community Transportation Association TI - COORDINATING COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION SERVICES: A PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION HANDBOOK PY - 1992/05 SP - 102 p. AB - An alternative transportation network has evolved around the provision of human services to people with disabilities to the young, the old, and low-income Americans. This handbook provides the basic facts and guidelines needed to examine how best to access and coordinate community's transportation resources and programs. It will also help an existing coordinated system run more efficiently. Designed as a basic planning and implementation guide rather than operations manual, the handbook draws upon a variety of resources and expertise. Some of the coordination process information is from two publications jointly funded by DHHS and DOT, 'Planning Guidelines for Coordinated Agency Transportation Services' and 'Implementation Guidelines for Coordinated Agency Transportation Services'. Other sources include a number of coordinated transportation systems around the country. KW - Community action programs KW - Community transportation services KW - Coordination KW - Handbooks KW - Implementation KW - Planning KW - Special service UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/453514 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00712826 AU - Project ACTION AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Region IV Transportation Consortium TI - MAKING COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION ACCESSIBLE: A PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION HANDBOOK PY - 1992/05 SP - 60 p. AB - This handbook presents the transportation requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and how they apply to community transportation providers and human service agencies involved in the transportation services. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - City planning KW - Handbooks KW - Human factors KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/448049 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666409 AU - Giuliani, C I AU - Francis, GAI AU - King, R D AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STATUS OF LOW-FLOOR TRANSIT BUS DEVELOPMENT PY - 1992/05 SP - 41 p. AB - The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires that transit buses be accessible to virtually all disabled persons. For transit this means that accessibility approaches other than lifts may be required - such as low-floor buses. The report describes the status of low-floor bus developments in North America and Europe and the current availability from both European and North American bus manufacturers. These current developments are analyzed to determine whether they are meaningful contributions to the ultimate goal of complying with the new accessible vehicle guidelines. The report discusses the differences between U.S. and European bus design objectives, passenger seating, multi-level floor interior, as well as specific legislation and requirements for accommodating disabled persons on transit buses. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Barrier free design KW - Bus design KW - Bus transportation KW - Buses KW - Europe KW - Low floor vehicles KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups KW - Technology KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405909 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644032 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE UNITED STATES: PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION. REPORT TO CONGRESS PY - 1992/05 SP - 127 p. AB - This is the fifth biennial report on the performance and condition of public mass transportation systems in the United States. It has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of 49 U.S.C. 308. The report consists of the following three chapters: Profile of Public Transportation in the U.S.; Transit Performance and Condition; and Transit Needs. KW - Annual reports KW - Conditions KW - Needs assessment KW - Performance KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386304 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628094 AU - Tysons Transportation Association, Incorporated TI - THE FUTURE OF TYSONS CORNER: A VISION PY - 1992/05 SP - 72 p. AB - This report has been developed through a grant provided by the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. The purpose of the study is to plan for the future of Tysons Corner, Virginia, Suburban Activity Center. This report contains summary of the results of the project and provides, (1) an overview of the characteristics of Tysons; (2) a description of the comprehensive process used to secure input regarding the concerns, needs, and desires and expectations of those who are affected by, or can affect the future of Tysons; (3) a description of the Vision of Tysons; and, (4) a discussion of the steps appropriate to the achievement of this vision. KW - Activity centers KW - Business districts KW - Fta section 6 KW - Regional planning (Transit) KW - Suburbs KW - Virginia KW - Washington Metropolitan Area UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368974 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00622807 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BUS TESTING PROGRAM PY - 1992/05 SP - 7 p. AB - The Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 requires that an applicant for federal financial assistance to purchase or lease buses with Federal Transit Administration (FTA) funds is responsible for determining whether a bus is a new bus model. This brief describes the requirements of the "Bus Testing Law", detailing the seven tests required: safety, structural integrity and durability, reliability, performance, maintainability, noise, and fuel economy. KW - Bus transportation KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Laboratories KW - Safety KW - Safety programs KW - Safety standards KW - Standards UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5700/5743/bus_test.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/366211 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00724368 AU - Goulstone, A M AU - University of North Carolina, Charlotte TI - DEMAND AND COSTS FOR EXPRESS RADIAL TRANSIT SERVICE IN THE GREATER CHARLOTTE METROPOLITAN REGION PY - 1992/04/29 SP - 12 p. AB - This paper analyzes the need for a regional transit system. The study was motivated by an overall concern that traffic congestion has begun to impact the quality of life, and that continuing growth in employment and population will create a great deal more congestion in the future. A regional express bus, or possibly rail, transit system that will provide service to Uptown Charlotte from selected origins is being considered for the area. The bus system is being viewed as one way to help reduce traffic congestion and air pollution, as well as to provide a valuable service to those who commute to the city on a daily basis. The focus of this paper is: 1) to determine whether there is a demand for such a system and 2) to determine preliminary costs and quote deficits for such services. KW - Bus transportation KW - Commuter service KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimates KW - Needs assessment KW - Public transit KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regional planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/460335 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01587424 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Federal Transit Planning and Research Program Workshop Report - Volume One: Summary PY - 1992/04 SP - 20p AB - Participation of the transit community in the development and implementation of the Nation's Transit Planning and Research Program is vital. The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) recognizes this need, and has consulted with national interests in formulating the Department's legislative reauthorization proposal. The resultant Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) provides two major consultative initiatives, the Transit Cooperative Research Programs Independent Governing Board, and the Technology Development Federal Advisory Committee. Because of the scope and importance of the Transit Planning and Research Program (TP&R), the FTA is actively communicating with its constituents in formulating a program that will lead us well into the twenty-first century. In 1990, FTA invited representatives of the Nation's transit systems, transportation planners, developers, suppliers, and operators to Kansas City, Missouri to develop a set of research priorities. This was followed by a priorities workshop in December of 1991, held in Washington, D.C., to refine and extend the recommendations of the Kansas City meeting. The results of this second meeting are the subject of this report. This volume contains the overview and summary of the meeting and recommendations of the market area workshops. KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Strategic planning KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Workshops UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56403/federaltransitpl00offi_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395942 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00760819 AU - Hunter-Zaworski, K M AU - Project Action AU - Oregon State University, Corvallis AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - UNIVERSAL SECUREMENT/RESTRAINT SYSTEM FOR WHEELED MOBILITY AIDS ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES PY - 1992/04 SP - 14 p. AB - The Oregon State Securement System for Wheeled Mobility Aids on Public Transportation Project involves mobility aid securement and occupant restraint problem analysis, design and construction of several securement system prototypes, and extensive testing of both the operational and engineering aspects of the system. The primary objective of this project was to design, build and test a wheeled mobility aid securement system that will work with all mobility aids in use on fixed route transit vehicles. This summary report outlines the project's goals, objectives and activities. A task by task discussion documents the project activities and how each of the goals and objectives were met. KW - Fixed routes KW - Mobility KW - Occupant protection devices KW - Public transit KW - Restraint systems KW - Special user groups KW - Wheeled mobility aids UR - http://projectaction.easterseals.com/site/DocServer/95OSU.txt?docID=3222 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/496430 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627877 AU - Labell, L N AU - Schweiger, C P AU - Kihl, M AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: THE STATE OF THE ART UPDATE '92 PY - 1992/04 SP - 108 p. AB - This report documents one of the components of FTA's Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Program, a program structured to undertake research and development of innovative applications of advanced navigation, information, and communication technologies that most benefit public transportation. KW - Advanced systems KW - Communication systems KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Navigation systems KW - Navigation systems development KW - Public transit KW - Technological innovations UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/24000/24000/24056/1X001.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368857 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634788 AU - JHK & Associates AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CITY OF ANAHEIM INTEGRATED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEMONSTRATION PROJECT PY - 1992/04 SP - v.p. AB - The City of Anaheim was selected by the Federal Highway Administration as a "demonstration site" for the advanced integrated traffic management system currently under operation and being expanded. The selection recognized the actions that the City had taken since 1986 and reflects the desire of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to provide information on the project to other potential users of traffic management. The report documents the project activities to date and includes the funding approach and a description of the planned program. KW - Congestion KW - Demand KW - Demonstration programs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Highway traffic control KW - Integrated systems KW - Traffic congestion KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375639 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622767 AU - Maddock, J T AU - Department of Transportation TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS. A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS 1985-1991 PY - 1992/04 SP - 53 p. AB - The references included in this bibliography have been retrieved from the Urban Mass Transportation Research Information Service (UMTRIS) subfile of TRIS, the Transportation Research Information Services database. Each citation has a report availability statement for persons interested in obtaining a full text report of the cited record. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Bibliographies KW - Intelligent transportation systems UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/333APT.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/000/600/685/333APT.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363102 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622802 AU - Rudich, R AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - SAFETY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION STATISTICS (SAMIS) 1990 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1992/04 SP - 28 p. AB - This report is a compilation and analysis of mass transit accident and casualty statistics reported by transit systems in the United States during 1990, under FTA's Section 15 reporting system. KW - Crash reports KW - Crashes KW - Fatalities KW - Fta section 15 KW - Injuries KW - Safety KW - Safety programs KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363116 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647098 AU - IVHS America TI - IVHS ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. INTERIM STATUS REPORT PY - 1992/04 SP - 73 p. AB - Through the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, Congress gave the U.S. Department of Transportation the responsibility of providing leadership and guidance necessary to ensure national IVHS compatibility. To achieve this compatibility, USDOT has initiated a program to develop a national IVHS Architecture. This report provides the latest information on the IVHS Architecture Development Program, highlighting the four architectures being developed. This document also contains a mechanism by which stakeholders can give feedback. The feedback will both help refine the architectures and enable succeeding review cycles to focus on issues that are of primary interest to stakeholders. KW - Architecture KW - Communication media KW - Information technology KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Mass media UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387036 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628142 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEDERAL TRANSIT PLANNING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM WORKSHOP REPORT PY - 1992/04 SP - 61 p. AB - In 1990, the Federal Transit Administration invited representatives of the nation's transit systems, transportation planners, suppliers, and operators to Kansas City, Missouri to assist in developing a set of transit research priorities. This was followed by a priorities workshop in December of 1991, in Washington, D.C., to refine and extend the recommendations of that earlier meeting. The proceedings of that second meeting are the subject of this report. This volume contains the verbatim abstracts of the Chairperson, minutes of each session prepared by the reporters, closing remarks by the Administrator, Mr. Clymer, and the list of participants. The workshop topics were: engineering; management; services; finance; and planning. KW - Engineering KW - Finance KW - Fta section 6 KW - Level of service KW - Management KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Services KW - Transit management KW - Workshops UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56404/federaltransitpl02unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369001 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622707 AU - Seal, J AU - Public Private Transportation Network AU - California Bus Association TI - PRIVATE SECTOR ADVOCATES PY - 1992/04 SP - 11 p. AB - The objective of this paper is to describe the role of the private sector advocate in public transportation. The paper answers a number of questions, such as: What is the private sector advocate trying to do?; Why is the advocate's job important?; What are the practices and strategies used by addvocates?; What are the factors key to the advocate's success? This paper is primarily based upon the experiences of the private sector advocate for the California Bus Association. KW - Advocacy groups KW - Bus transportation KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363066 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622766 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1991: FLEXIBLE FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRANSIT. MOVING AMERICA INTO THE 21ST CENTURY PY - 1992/04 SP - 41 p. AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 provides State and local transportation authorities with a financial capacity as well as programming flexibility to develop economically efficient and environmentally sound transportation systems. This summary highlights the flexible funding sources, explains the conditions under which they may be applied for mass transit purposes, and describes eligibility parameters under each program. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Federal aid KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit KW - Surface rail transit KW - Transit services KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363101 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00724369 AU - Goulstone, A M AU - University of North Carolina, Charlotte TI - TRANSIT FOR TOMORROW PY - 1992/03/26 SP - v.p. AB - The goal of the "Transit for Tomorrow" conference was to provide elected and appointed officials with an overview of transportation modes and to illustrate, given the characteristics of the Charlotte metropolitan region, how these modes might serve them. The morning session was designed to present an overview of public transportation modes as well as present conditions of the Charlotte metropolitan area. The afternoon session consisted of three sequential panels, each reviewing different transportation service in greater detail. To assist, nationally recognized public transportation experts provided perspective on Charlotte area circumstances. KW - Conferences KW - Mode choice KW - Public transit KW - Regional planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/461581 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628000 AU - Stone, J R AU - Gilbert, G AU - Nalevanko, A AU - North Carolina State University, Raleigh TI - ASSESSMENT OF COMPUTER DISPATCH TECHNOLOGY IN THE PARATRANSIT INDUSTRY PY - 1992/03 SP - 44 p. AB - This report contains the results of an investigation into one area of technological advancement-computer dispatching and scheduling technology. The central research question was whether computer dispatch technology is, or will be, capable of effectively improving the efficiency of dispatching shared-ride vehicles on a real-time basis. The research objectives were: Determine the current operating capabilities of computer dispatch systems; Assess the costs and economic benefits of these systems; Determine the suitability of computer dispatch technology for transit applications, including user interface and information and the Mobility Manager concept; and, Recommend future technological directions for computer dispatch. This study examines current computerized dispatching capabilities of taxicab companies and computerized scheduling capabilities of paratransit operations. Data were obtained through telephone interviews and site visits. KW - Computer aided scheduling KW - Computers KW - Dispatching KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Fta section 8 KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Mobility KW - Paratransit services KW - Real time control KW - Real time operations KW - Ridesharing KW - Scheduling KW - Taxi services UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56331/assessmentofcom9223inst_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368916 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627883 AU - Jewell, M AU - KPMG Peat Marwick AU - Department of Transportation TI - CONSTRUCTION COSTS AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF VINTAGE TROLLEYS PY - 1992/03 SP - v.p. AB - The purpose of this study was to research the institutional arrangements, service characteristics and costs associated with vintage trolley systems currently being operated in order to provide a base of information with which to make informed funding decisions for future projects. Comparable information was also obtained for several downtown bus circulator systems which might be an alternative to the implementation of vintage trolley services. KW - Bus routes KW - Bus transit KW - Central business districts KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Inner cities KW - Institutional issues KW - Quality of service KW - Trolleybuses UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56367/constructioncos9220unse_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/7000/7000/7019/755.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369897 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627831 AU - Karash, K H AU - EG&G Dynatrend AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL GUIDELINES PY - 1992/03 SP - 187 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) sponsored the development of the Quality Assurance and Quality Control Guidelines to provide a resource for local transit authorities and others undertaking capital projects. The FTA requires grantees undertaking major capital programs to prepare a Project Management Plan (PMP) which includes a Quality Plan. This report presents definitions, and provides a historical overview of quality in capital projects. It presents elements which should be the basis of a quality policy and alternative organizational approaches to a quality system. The report discusses the development of the quality plan throughout the different project phases from project planning, preliminary engineering and final design, construction and equipment procurement, and testing and start-up. Selections of quality elements from several transit quality programs are also provided. KW - Construction management KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guidelines KW - Programming (Planning) KW - Project management KW - Quality assurance KW - Quality control UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368833 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628159 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PROGRAMS: FISCAL YEAR 1991 PROJECT DIRECTORY PY - 1992/03 SP - 80 p. AB - This directory contains brief descriptions of Technical Assistance and Safety Projects initiated during Fiscal Year 1991 by the Office of Technical Assistance and Safety (TTS), Federal Transit Administration (FTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Its purpose is to inform the public and especially the transit industry of the nature and scope of work underway to assist State and local agencies in improving services and reducing the cost of public transit. Under the Technical Assistance and Safety Program, assistance is provided to a broad range of disciplines, including Advance Public Transportation Systems (APTS). Clean Air, Finance, Human Resource and Productivity, Information, Regional Mobility, Safety and Security, Technology Development, and Transit Accessibility. KW - Accessibility KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Air quality KW - Clean air KW - Development KW - Finance KW - Fta section 6 KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Information management KW - Information organization KW - Mobility KW - Productivity KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Technical assistance KW - Technology KW - Technology development UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56572/technicalassist5921edit_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369008 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666206 AU - Rosenbloom, S AU - University of Arizona, Tucson AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REVERSE COMMUTE TRANSPORTATION; EMERGING PROVIDER ROLES PY - 1992/03 SP - 129 p. AB - This study reports the findings of a small Federal Transit Administration funded study designed to identify and briefly evaluate both historical and modern reverse commute experiments and projects. A series of Federal and State programs funded reverse commute experiments from 1966-1971 designed to get people from the ghettos to unfilled suburban jobs. The '60s projects were largely failures in both getting jobs for unemployed people and in establishing permanent transportation services, but in the late 1980s the Federal government began once again initiating and funding more reverse commute experiments. Unfortunately most of the most recent projects have met with the same fate. There is little evidence that providing transportation cures or even addresses the inner city unemployment problem; there weren't many suburban vacancies matching inner city skill levels, there weren't many inner city residents who wanted to travel long distances and give up social benefits for entry level jobs, and there was a great deal of prejudice and poor communication on the part of suburban employers. Focusing on different provider roles the study found that: non-transit agencies (public or private) appear to provide the most successful reverse commute transportation services for new job seekers when they provide a range of supportive services; transit operators can provide successful reverse commute services for those already employed; there is an important role for private entrepreneurs in reverse commuting, largely as contractors to public agencies and to transit operators; and opportunities for genuine free-market provision of profitable reverse commute services are very limited, but they do exist. KW - Experiments KW - Federal aid KW - Feeder services KW - History KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Provider roles KW - Reverse commuting KW - Transit operators UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5598/808a.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56538/reversecommutet9301drac_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405770 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00989300 AU - Behnke, R W AU - Aegis Transportation Information Systems, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Department of Transportation TI - CALIFORNIA SMART TRAVELER SYSTEM PY - 1992/02 SP - 83 p. AB - Both the Federal Transit Administration and California's Department of Transportation have established Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) programs to investigate ways that Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems (IVHS) technologies can be used to improve the cost effectiveness of local and regional public transportation services. This report describes how audiotex and videotex information systems can be used to develop new modes of public transportation (e.g., parataxis or single-trip carpools) and how these new modes can be integrated with conventional transit, paratransit and ridesharing modes to reduce traffic congestion, gasoline consumption, air pollution and mobility problems at a low cost to taxpayers. This report also describes how these telephone-based information services can be used to develop low-cost, user-friendly Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) that will tell drivers and riders the "best" ways to get between any two points in an area via either private vehicle or public transportation. The proposed California Smart Traveler (CST) System will enable travelers to obtain more timely and accurate information on which to base their local or regional travel decisions. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced traveler information systems KW - Audiotex KW - California Smart Traveler System KW - Decision making KW - Driver information systems KW - Passenger information systems KW - Travel KW - Videotext UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/2488.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/755065 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00767949 AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Department of Health and Human Services TI - KEY COMPONENTS OF AN ACCESSIBLE COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PY - 1992/02 SP - v.p. AB - This document identifies the key components that community and human service transportation providers need to consider and address in planning and implementing an effective accessible transportation system. It contains: transportation and related provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) along with implementing regulations and appropriate citations; general guidelines and suggestions to help in system planning and implementation activities; and, current and emerging accessible transportation initiatives and technologies. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Community action programs KW - Implementation KW - Social benefits KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/503734 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644039 AU - Hathaway, W T AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RECOMMENDED EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS GUIDELINES FOR ELDERLY AND DISABLED RAIL TRANSIT PASSENGERS PY - 1992/02 SP - 80 p. AB - This document contains recommendations designed to assist rail transit system and emergency response organization personnel in evaluating and modifying or supplementing their emergency response plans to address the needs of elderly and disabled passengers. The report is a supplement to the FTA report titled 'Recommended Emergency Preparedness Guidelines for Rail Transit Systems'. KW - Aged KW - Disabled people KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergency response KW - Fta section 6 KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Railroad transportation KW - Special user groups KW - Specialized training KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386308 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664665 AU - Leavitt, D AU - Vaca, E AU - Hall, P AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REVENUE AND RIDERSHIP POTENTIAL FOR A HIGH-SPEED RAIL SERVICE IN THE SAN FRANCISCO/SACRAMENTO-LOS ANGELES CORRIDOR PY - 1992/02 SP - 53 p. AB - This study documents an investigation into the potential for high-speed rail (HSR) service in California between Los Angeles and San Francisco/Sacramento via a new alignment in the Central Valley. An earlier report, IURD Working Paper 564, reviewed technology and alignment issues, recommended a steel-wheel-on-steel rail option, and identified a preferred corridor for further analysis. This report presents the results of further analysis, including demand and revenue projections. Two main objectives of the study were: 1) Prepare an initial set of demand forecasts and revenue projections for HSR service in the corridor; and 2) Establish a solid analytical framework for further study and input to decision-making on HSR implementation. KW - Demand KW - Economic forecasting KW - High speed rail KW - Railroad transportation KW - Revenues KW - Ridership KW - Technological innovations UR - http://www.uctc.net/papers/185.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405381 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00641748 AU - Fisher, R J AU - Ricketson, S AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - OPPORTUNITIES FOR SMART CARDS IN AMERICAN PUBLIC TRANSIT PY - 1992/02 SP - 16 p. AB - Public transit fare collection on rail systems has advanced over the last couple decades from cash and tokens to magnetic stripe cards. Cash is still the most common way of collecting bus fares, although some token and magnetic stripe bus-fare systems have recently come into use. None of these proven systems is optimal however, and some in the transit industry are increasingly looking to the advantages Smart Cards may offer the customer and provider alike. These efforts have recently evolved into the "Mobility Manager" concept which presents an opportunity to exploit the advantages of the Smart Card through an integrated system of one-stop transit shopping. The paper looks at some of the advantages as well as the technology requirements of the Smart Card. It reviews the current state of the art and looks at some future Smart Card developments. KW - Fare collection KW - Magnetic cards KW - Magnetic farecards KW - Mobility management KW - Smart cards KW - State of the art KW - Tokens UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381163 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622706 AU - Hohl, J AU - Department of Transportation TI - DIRECTORY OF METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS AND STATE TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES PY - 1992/01 SP - v.p. AB - This directory is designed to provide information on State and local agency officials involved in implementing the urban transportation planning process required by the Federal highway and transit legislation. It was developed in response to requests for persons and organizations invloved in the urban planning process, and reflects the most recent designation of urbanized areas on the 1990 census. This directory is compiled in two sections. Section I includes the designated Metropolitan Planning Organizations, transit opertor and key official for each of the urbanized areas named. Section II includes the name and chief executive of each State department of transportation and/or highway agency. All the entries include the title, address, and telephone number of the key officials. Both sections are arranged in alphabetical order by state. KW - Directories KW - Federal government KW - Federal government agencies KW - Local agencies KW - Local government KW - Local government agencies KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - State departments of transportation KW - State highway departments KW - Transit authorities KW - Transit management KW - Transit operating agencies KW - U.S. Federal Highway Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363911 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627886 AU - Kain, J F AU - Gittell, R AU - Daniere, A AU - Daniel, S AU - Somerville, T AU - ZHI, L AU - Harvard University TI - INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE NATION'S URBAN TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE: MEASURES TO INCREASE TRANSIT USE AND CARPOOLING PY - 1992/01 SP - v.p. AB - This report surveys the growing use of bus and carpool priority measures to increase the productivity of the nation's transportation infrastructure. While it identifies a wide variety of priority measures, the report principally focuses on the planning and operation of exclusive and shared busways and high occupancy vehicle (HOV) facilities. KW - Bus lanes KW - Car pooling (Railroads) KW - Carpooling KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Infrastructure KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369899 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622149 AU - Smerk, G M AU - Institute for Urban Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - HUMAN RESOURCE IN TRANSIT CONFERENCE: SUMMARY OF PROCEEDINGS PY - 1992/01 SP - 128 p. AB - This report describes the proceedings of a national Human Resources in Transit Conference conducted by the Institute for Urban Transportation with cooperation from the American Public Transit Association with funding assistance from the Federal Transit Administration. This conference, conducted in Boston, Massachusetts in July 1991 addressed the difficult issues of recruiting, hiring, and retaining high quality employees at all levels of the transit industry. Current demographic trends indicate this problem will become greater in the near future. This report summarizes the comments made during presentations and discussions during the conference. KW - Conferences KW - Fta section 6 KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362791 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643945 AU - Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) TI - PRIVATIZATION OF PUBLIC TRANSIT SERVICES PY - 1992/01 SP - 25 p. AB - The 1980's were years of adjustment for the transit industry in general. Some of the trends, namely changing demographics, rapidly escalating operating costs, fiscal problems at all levels of government, reduced Federal funding, and an explosive suburbanization with its associated problems of road congestion as well as new demands for transit services, have forced a reevaluation of the ways in which mass transit services are to be provided. As a result of the on-going reevaluation of transit services there is a new interest in involving the private sector in the provision of transit service. This interest is based on the belief that if the private sector were more involved in mass transit, it would be able to solve some of the industry's problems by increasing productivity, reducing costs, attracting more ridership, and finding innovative ways of providing service. This report looks at some previous studies that have investigated the impact of privatization. It also describes some of the transit services that are currently being provided by private contractors. KW - Competition KW - Governments KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386232 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622764 AU - Institute for the Future TI - NEW TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS FOR TRANSIT IN CALIFORNIA: INTERNAL APPENDIX PY - 1992/01 SP - 123 p. AB - This appendix is complementary to the final report, New Technology Options for Transit in California. The purpose of this report is to provide the detailed information gathered during the study. It covers the summary of interview results and workshop output, discussion of transit technologies, and a bibliography of all sources used in this project. The results of the study were derived from an extensive search by the study team of transit technologies around the world and person to person interviews and workshop sessions with over 50 stakeholders from California and elsewhere. The stakeholders represent federal, state, and local transit authorities and operators; regional government planners; academic experts; private sector business people and entrepreneurs; representatives of consumer and environmental groups; representatives of air quality district; local, state, and federal elected representatives; and other research organizations. KW - Carpools KW - Feeders KW - Guideway design KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Land use KW - Land use effects KW - Minivehicle systems KW - Railroad transportation KW - Structural design KW - Technological innovations KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363100 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622763 AU - Institute for the Future TI - NEW TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS FOR TRANSIT IN CALIFORNIA PY - 1992/01 SP - 128 p. AB - This report has two specific purposes. The first is to identify new transit technology options/systems other that those associated with Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS) that are relevant for California. The second is to make recommendations as to transit initiatives that the State of California, and Caltrans in particular, might pursue in the transit area. The report also discusses the roles and responsibilities of various players for carrying through the technology options. The focus is on leadership, timing and financing with the role of Caltrans given special attention. The results of the study were derived from an extensive search by the study team of transit technologies around the world and person to person interviews and workshop sessions with over 50 stakeholders from California and elsewhere. The stakeholders represent federal, state, and local transit authorities and operators; regional government planners; academic experts; private sector business people and entrepreneurs; representatives of consumer and environmental groups; representatives of air quality district; local, state, and federal elected representatives; and other research organizations. KW - Bus transportation KW - Carpools KW - Feeders KW - Guideway design KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Land use KW - Land use effects KW - Minivehicle systems KW - Railroad transportation KW - Structural design KW - Technological innovations KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363099 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622794 AU - NEWSOM, T J AU - Wegmann, F J AU - Chatterjee, A AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - SUBURBAN MOBILITY: A CHALLENGE FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PY - 1992/01 SP - 302 p. AB - Through the years, traditional public transit has served the needs of the central city resident and central business district worker effectively. However, as the population and new jobs have shifted to suburban areas over the last decade, a new challenge has emerged for conventional bus transit - how to effectively serve low density, dispersed traffic patterns. The overall objective of this study was to conduct an in-depth study of mobility problems, issues, and solutions pertinent to Tennessee suburban activity centers. The general findings of the research project include information about perceptions and objectives of transportation and land use planners, SAC travelers, businesses, and service providers. Important implications are discussed regarding the mobility objectives and planning procedures, the nature of service market areas, and the impacts of alternative mobility options. KW - Bus transportation KW - Business districts KW - Commuter buses KW - Commuting KW - Mobility KW - Suburbs KW - Transit buses KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363113 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622793 AU - NEWSOM, T J AU - Wegmann, F J AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH MOBILITY OPTIONS - THE LONG DISTANCE COMMUTE PY - 1992/01 SP - 236 p. AB - Mobility options such as vanpooling, carpooling, and buspooling have come to serve as critical linkages in tying together small rural communities with suburban centers where job opportunities are increasingly available. In states such as Tennessee, long distance commuting options have emerged to facilitate access to job training and employment opportunities for rural residents. The overall objective of this study was to conduct an in-depth review of long distance commuter travel between Tennessee's rural communities and urban centers in order to assess the problems and opportunities associated with commuter transportation. The researchers employed various methods and procedures to define characteristics of the long distance commute, identify demographic and employment changes, conduct a survey of long distance commuters, conduct a survey of employers, identify mobility issues of special population groups, assess mobility options for long distance commuters, and study rural interstate park-and-ride lot utilization. KW - Business districts KW - Carpools KW - Commuter service KW - Commuting KW - Employment KW - Intercity travel KW - Long distance travel KW - Mobility KW - Park and ride KW - Ridesharing KW - Suburbs KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363112 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622057 AU - SRS Services LTD TI - WRITING EFFECTIVE PROPOSALS FOR MICHIGAN PUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMS: THE WRITE WAY PY - 1992/01 SP - v.p. AB - This text is written for the Michigan transit system professional seeking a clearer understanding of those elements which make up an outstanding proposal. The report presents instructions, course work, and a supplementary video to assist in developing proposals to secure additional revenues to continue to provide public transportation services. KW - Proposals KW - Training KW - Training devices UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363889 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01073671 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Honolulu rapid transit program. Supplemental. Draft environmental impact statement PY - 1992///Volumes held: Supplement to the draftB(fol), Background documents1(fol) KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/833063 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070773 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - Honolulu rapid transit development project : environmental impact statement PY - 1992///Volumes held: Draft, Supplement to the draft, Supplement to the draftB(fol), Final(incl. appA), Track plan and profile drawings FappB(fol), Public and agency comments FappC(fol); Alternatives analysis B1(fol) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Hawaii UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830158 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070711 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Old Colony railroad rehabilitation project, Boston to Lakeville, Plymouth and Scituate : environmental impact statement PY - 1992///Volumes held: Draft(2v), Final(4v), Draft supplement to the final, Appendix to the draft supplement to the final[1995] KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Massachusetts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830096 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070667 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Queens subway options study, New York : environmental impact statement PY - 1992///Volumes held: Draft, Supplement to the draft, Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - New York (State) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830052 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070574 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Tasman corridor improvements, between Milpitas and Northern San Jose and Mountain View and Sunnyvale, Santa Clara County : environmental impact statement PY - 1992///Volumes held: Draft, Supplement to the draft(3v), Final KW - California KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829959 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00760869 AU - Rumford, W B AU - Cooper, F AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - TRANSIT SECURITY: EXPLORING NEW CONCEPTS IN MANAGING SOCIAL PROBLEMS. WORKSHOP. REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS PY - 1992 SP - 19p AB - This workshop was designed to maximize opportunities for interaction. Four workshop modules, each repeated four times, allowed the 80 participants to engage in small group discussions. The following questions were explored in the workshop modules: Can the transit systems be more effective in addressing intergenerational, ethnic, and cultural conflicts?; Can the transit system and the larger community work as partners in maintaining safe and drug free environments?; What can the transit system do to alleviate the problem of homelessness?; and How do order and cleanliness contribute to a safe and civil transit environment?. This report provides an overview and summary of the discussions and recommendations from the workshop modules and the concluding session. U1 - Transit Security: Exploring New Concepts in Managing Social Problems. WorkshopFederal Transit Administration; Transportation Safety Institute, Volpe National Transportation Systems CenterParc Oakland Hotel, Oakland, California StartDate:19920916 EndDate:19920918 Sponsors:Federal Transit Administration; Transportation Safety Institute, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center KW - Communities KW - Ethnic groups KW - Homeless persons KW - Safety and security KW - Social factors KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Transit safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/498926 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628003 JO - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE BRIEF PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - N/A TI - REGIONAL MOBILITY PROGRAM PY - 1992 IS - 1 SP - 7 p. AB - The bulletin provides an introduction to the Regional Mobility Program of the Office of Mobility Enhancement. The goals of the program are: (1) To mitigate metropolitan and extra-urban congestion in cost-effective ways that make efficient use of existing highway and transit capacity; and (2) To increase mobility for all transportation market segments in urban, suburban, and rural areas. The four program elements, each representing a focus area or set of methods and concepts designed to enhance mobility are: Transportation Demand Management; Innovative Transportation Services; Entrepreneurial Services; and Rural and Specialized Transportation Services. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Mobility KW - Rural areas KW - Special service KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372272 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627881 AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVE FUELS: A PERSPECTIVE FOR SMALL TRANSPORTATION OPERATIONS PY - 1992 SP - 344 p. AB - The purpose of this study is to provide small, public transportation operators in the State of California with information necessary to evaluate alternative fuels and technologies for complying with future State and Federal emission regulations. The alternative fuels examined include "clean diesel" fuel, methanol, natural gas (both compressed and liquefied), ethanol and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). These fuels are examined across a variety of criteria including fuel availability and costs, vehicle reliability, durability, safety, fuel economy and emission characteristics. The equipment and facilities needed for refueling alternative technology buses are also examined along with modifications needed to maintenance garages to ensure safe operations with these new fuels. All capital and operating costs associated with implementing each of the alternative fuels are detailed for different size transit properties. Advanced electric propulsion technologies including batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, and electric trolley buses are also briefly examined but in less detail than the other alternative fuels. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Costs KW - Electric power KW - Electrical systems KW - Fuel availability KW - Fuel costs KW - Fuels KW - Pollutants KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Public passenger vehicles KW - Supply KW - Transit vehicles KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368860 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633918 AU - Utah Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CELEBRATING EXCELLENCE IN PUBLIC TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT TO THE FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION 1993 PY - 1992 SP - 229 p. AB - The Utah Transit authority was awarded a grant in 1990 to study excellence in the Transit industry. The purpose of the grant included: 1) identify and showcase pockets of excellence in the transit industry; 2) produce and make available to the industry a media piece celebrating transit excellence and providing a call to action for the industry to pursue innovation and excellence; and 3) produce and make available to the industry print materials outlining the research and enabling communication between properties, agencies and authorities regarding their efforts to excell. This directory contains a full listing of projects, programs and practices submitted for review under the grant. KW - Fta section 6 KW - Innovation KW - Special service KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374544 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633917 AU - Utah Transit Authority AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DESTINATION EXCELLENCE. A VIDEO PRESENTATION PY - 1992 AB - "Destination Excellence", the video product of Utah Transit's Excellence Project, documents some of transit's most innovative customer service and productivity enhancement programs. Funded with a grant from the Federal Transit Administration, this 40-minute film premiered to rave reviews last October at the 1992 annual APTA meeting in San Diego. UTA's video focuses on three areas: 1) employee empowerment, participation, and teamwork; 2) community involvement; and 3) customer service. Perhaps the wittiest project documented is the Broward County Transit (Florida) bus-boat project, a truly intermodal vehicle. More serious selections include Metropolitan Tulsa Transit Authority's program offering free bus rides on ozone alert days, a project that resulted in ridership increases on clean air days as well; Ann Arbor (Michigan) Transportation Authority's creation of cross-functional maintenance teams to encourage "ownership" of particular buses; and Salem Area (Oregon) Mass Transit District's guaranteed ride home program (known as "Cherriots") to encourage local mall employees to ride the bus to work. KW - Community action programs KW - Cooperation KW - Customer service KW - Employee participation KW - Special service KW - Special user groups KW - Videotapes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375522 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628164 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GUARANTEED RIDE HOME: DESCRIPTION, ISSUES AND AREAS OF FTA SUPPORT PY - 1992 SP - 3 p. AB - Guaranteed Ride Home (GRH) is TSM program providing car and vanpool patrons a ride to home or to other destination in an emergency. The intent of the program is to overcome one of the barriers to ridesharing - need of a vehicle to get home, to school, to day-care or to other locations in emergencies. In spite of the name, the strategy is a guaranteed trip to any location. The guaranted trip might be provided through company or public agency cars and fleet vehicles, short term auto rentals or through taxi services in the case of employers or public agencies. Most often, the program is offered by employers as part of a TSM program encouraging car-pooling, transit, walking and cycling. In some cases, it is offered by a government agency, such as a regional Council of Governments. The report examines issues of interest, such as impacts and implementation of the program. KW - Demand KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fta section 6 KW - Guaranteed Ride Home KW - Mobility KW - Transportation system management KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369013 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639242 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEDERAL TRANSIT ACT AS AMENDED THROUGH JUNE 1992, AND RELATED LAWS PY - 1992 SP - 231 p. AB - This is the 5th edition of the text of statutes authorizing and governing the Federal mass transportation program and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). It is designed to be a quick reference for staff at the FTA, recipients of FTA funds, and others interested in mass transportation. Part I contains the FTA's authorizing legislation, the Federal Transit Act, as it has been amended through June 1992. The footnotes provide explanatory material with reference to case law and legislative history. All legislative histories refer to applicable sections of Public Laws. Appendix 2 provides complete citations for the Public Laws referenced in the footnotes. Part II contains those provisions of FTA authorizing legislation applicable to the Federal mass transportation program but were not specific amendments to the Federal Transit Act. It also includes selected provisions of Title 23 of the United States Code, Highways and other Federal-aid highways law related to the Federal mass transportation program. Part III contains other selected Federal laws affwcting the Federal mass transportation program. KW - Federal government agencies KW - Federal laws KW - Federal Transit Act KW - Public transit KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - United States Code. Title 23 KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380608 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00627960 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - USE OF COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK ENVIRONMENT (CSCWE) IN SACRAMENTO REGIONAL MOBILITY PLANNING PY - 1992 SP - 68p AB - A Computer Supported Cooperative Work Environment (CSCWE) designed by the National Center for Regional Mobility (NCRM) at George Mason University was used to support the January 1992 Regional Mobility Conference in Sacramento, California. The purpose of the conference was to bring together community leaders from the Sacramento area to discuss the important topic of regional mobility in an effort to plan for future growth. This report provides a brief discussion of the main topics covered at the meeting. U1 - Regional Mobility ConferenceNational Center for Regional Mobility, George Mason University Sacramento Area Council of Governments Federal Transit AdministrationSacramento, California StartDate:19920124 EndDate:19920124 Sponsors:National Center for Regional Mobility, George Mason University Sacramento Area Council of Governments Federal Transit Administration KW - Conference programs KW - Conferences KW - Coordination KW - Fta section 10 KW - Information processing KW - Mobility KW - Regional transportation KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372255 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638171 AU - Massachusetts Institute of Technology TI - STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS PY - 1992 SP - 56 p. AB - The MIT Center for Transportation Studies is twenty years old in 1993. During this time, the Center has grown from a small group of faculty members in the civil engineering department to a large multidisciplinary center with thriving programs in education, research and outreach. The anniversary and a change in the Center's leadership have provided the impetus for a look into what the Center is and where its future lies. The assessment process resulted in a number of recommendations, some strategic in nature, others tactical and smaller in scope. Many of those recommendations were implemented as part of the process, while others primarily resulted in a better understanding of the role of the Center and its mission. The purpose of this document is to give an overview of the vision that emerged from that process, and to define the scope of the Center's activities and plans. KW - Education KW - Education programs KW - Interdisciplinary studies KW - Multidisciplinary KW - Outreach KW - Research programs KW - Research projects KW - Social service agencies KW - Strategic planning KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380226 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627828 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REPORTING MANUAL FOR THE 1992 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1992 SP - v.p. AB - This document provides a revised reporting system that streamlines the process for reporters, maintains historical continuity for analysts, and enhances data accuracy. Some of the important features included are: the introduction of diskette reporting, an automated tool to assist you in preparing your report; simplification of the overall system to one reporting level, and an attendant reduction in the amount of data reported; more accurate reflection of transit industry practices through re-alignment of various financial classifications; and, the reduction of reporting burden through the introduction of options, waivers and exemptions for certain reporters. KW - Forms KW - Fta section 15 KW - Manuals KW - Reporting KW - Reports UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56536/reportingmanualf00unse_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369893 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634155 AU - Kaiser, R G AU - Morgan, H E AU - Public Private Transportation Network TI - GUIDANCE FOR DEVELOPING A BUSINESS PLAN FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL SERVICE PROGRAM PROPOSALS PY - 1992 SP - v.p. AB - This publication was develop to assist Entrepreneurial Service Program (ESP) grant applicants prepare and present a sound business plan to the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). The general outline presented can be applied to any transit project. Inherent in the development of a business plan is a thorough planning of the proposed services; the applicant should therefore carefully consider the operational and financial goals of the proposed services. Technical assistance in the service planning phase is generally available through local public transit and planning agencies. KW - Businesses KW - Entrepreneurial Service Program KW - Entrepreneurs KW - Fta section 6 KW - Grant aid KW - Guidelines KW - Proposals KW - Service development program UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375541 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628163 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - VARIABLE WORK HOURS: DESCRIPTION, ISSUES AND AREAS OF FTA SUPPORT PY - 1992 SP - 4 p. AB - The report discusses the three types of variable work hours with potential application as demand management tools: staggered work hours; compressed work weeks; and flextime. The impacts of each of the types are examined and examples are given of documented case studies, both in the private and the government sectors. The implementation issues raised by variable work hours are addressed. The importance of feasibility assessments and detailed planning, and the question of whether to encourage variable work hours through voluntary or regulatory means are also examined briefly. KW - Demand KW - Fta section 6 KW - Mobility KW - Staggered work hours KW - Travel demand management KW - Work trips UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369012 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628160 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TELECOMMUTING: DESCRIPTION, ISSUES AND AREAS OF FTA SUPPORT PY - 1992 SP - 3 p. AB - Telecommuting is an approach for reducing home-to-work trips by allowing employees to work-at-home. Employees may be linked to the work place by computer and modem, or simply may take work home requiring no computer. Telecommuting employees usually work at home one or more days per week. Related options include employees working at satellite work centers (run by single employers) or neighborhood work centers (run by multiple employers). The centers usually are equipped with computers and modems and connected to a main office. The report examines issues of interest that have an impact on: work trips, non-work trips; mode of travel; residential location; and other effects such as morale and productivity. The issues of implementation are also examined in the report. KW - Demand KW - Fta section 6 KW - Home offices KW - Mobility KW - Telecommuting KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369009 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00628241 AU - Bellomo, S J AU - BARKAWI, A AU - Fisher, R AU - Sullivan, A AU - Bellomo-McGee, Incorporated AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - RESPONSIVE MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES PY - 1992 SP - 4p AB - The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 and the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1991 pose new challenges to transportation engineers and planners to think creatively about how advanced technologies for transportation systems can be applied in various settings. Much of the work to date has been to apply these technologies to highway vehicles and infrastructure through ATMS, ATIS, and CVO. Recognizing the need to think about multimodal applications for advanced technology, FHWA and FTA have undertaken a project to address the multimodal transportation management issue. The broad goal of the project is to incorporate potential IVHS technologies into multimodal transportation management strategies. Scenarios will address typical conditions, special events, incidents, and air quality alerts. The project objectives are : 1) identify candidate real or semi-real time multi-modal transportation management scenarios; 2) determine their usefulness and feasibility; 3) develop additional innovative multimodal concepts that can be linked to IVHS technologies; 4) identify potential utility and cost of each scenario; and, 5) provide recommendations for additional research, development, and operational test activities. The idea of linking multi-modal systems management strategies to advanced IVHS technologies holds great promise as one of the elements referred to in ISTEA and CAAA. U1 - Transportation Engineering in a New Era. An International ConferenceInstitute of Transportation Engineers (ITE)Monterey, California StartDate:19920322 EndDate:19920325 Sponsors:Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Evaluation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Rural transit KW - Transportation management strategies KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372352 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622103 AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated AU - California Department of Transportation TI - CALIFORNIA PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION WARRANTY ACTIVITIES STUDY. FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS PY - 1991/12/31 SP - 75 p. AB - This study documents and assesses the warranty activities and maintenance practices of transit agencies providing services in the State of California. The study's purpose is to identify the current warranty requirements prescribed by transit properties for original equipment and final stage manifacturers and to determine what policies and practices are in place for ensuring full recovery for warrantied repairs (including partss and labor). This report addresses (1) standards and variations in warranty clauses in vehicle specifications; (2) maintenance practices among agencies of varying size; and (3) the process for submitting warranty claims, recovering warranty costs, and handling warranty disputes. The information presented in this report is intended to provide transit agencies with information for documenting and verifying warranty provision in vehicle specifications, monitoring repairs performed on warrantied parts, and ensuring full recovery for warranty claims. KW - Fleet management KW - Fleets KW - Repairing KW - Repairs KW - Specifications KW - Vehicle maintenance KW - Warranties KW - Warranty UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362767 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00737745 AU - Beaton, W P AU - Rutgers University, Piscataway AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION CONTROL MEASURES: COMMUTING BEHAVIOR AND THE CLEAN AIR ACT PY - 1991/12/05 SP - 79 p. AB - The report is the result of a research program that focussed on commuting behavior of the employees of the Matsushita Electric Corporation of America (MECA). The program was designed: 1) to describe current commuting behavior; 2) to identify the constraints to changing that behavior; and 3) to estimate the impact on commuting choices produced by various commuting management policies. The research directly addressed proposed regulatory requirements seen in recent and proposed federal and state initiatives. KW - Clean Air Act KW - Commuting KW - Management KW - Management policies KW - Policy KW - Policy analysis KW - Regulatory constraints KW - Survey methods KW - Surveys KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/572246 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628144 AU - Chandler, K L AU - Krenelka, T C AU - Malcosky, N D AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CNG BUS DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM DATA ANALYSIS REPOORT PY - 1991/12 SP - v.p. AB - As part of the Clean Air Program (CAP) the CNG Bus Demonstration continued the Federal Transit Administration's (FTA) effort to collect data on introducing alternative fuel use in the transit industry. Two demonstration sites were selected to study the development of the Cummins Engine Company's L10G-240 CNG engine. Two Flxible/Cummins CNG fueled buses were studied for this study from February 1990 to October 1991. Tests performed were the following: fuel economy; acceleration; top speed; gradeability; steady-state cornering; transient cornering; obstacle avoidance; and exterior noise. KW - Acceleration (Mechanics) KW - Aggregate gradation KW - Alternate fuels KW - Bus performance KW - Buses KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Cornering (Vehicle) KW - Demonstration projects KW - Fta section 6 KW - Fuel conservation KW - Gradation analysis KW - Hazards KW - Performance KW - Steering UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369918 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622172 AU - Department of Transportation TI - NEW HORIZONS FOR THE AIR TRAVELER WITH A DISABILITY PY - 1991/12 SP - 31 p. AB - This pocket-sized handbook informs individuals with disabilities who travel by air about the latest steps taken to make their trip as efficient and enjoyable as possible, and what to expect in the future. It describes the latest changes made in response to the passage of the Air Carrier Access Act of 1986, and those changes that will be forthcoming under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. KW - Air transportation KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Level of service KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362808 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619654 AU - Murphy, M J AU - Battelle Memorial Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROPERTIES OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS. CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1991/12 SP - 30 p. AB - As interest in alternative fuels grows, the need for data on various fuel properties grows also. This report on alternative fuel properties is intended to provide a convenient reference to a number of alternative fuel properties. This summary provides comparative analyses on physical properties, energy content, combustion properties, health properties and business statistics. A glossary and a reference of sources is included. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean Air Act KW - Combustion KW - Combustion products KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy levels KW - Fta section 6 KW - Glossaries UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361918 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643927 AU - Sparrow, R AU - New York University, New York AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - BARRIERS TO REGIONAL COOPERATION IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE NEW YORK - NEW JERSEY REGION PY - 1991/12 SP - 90 p. AB - This project is concerned with the impact of formal and informal coordination on the planning and production of transportation service. It examines the structure of coordination of planning and operations for public transportation in New York and New Jersey. The principal objectives are to 1) produce a descriptive account of the main components of the structure of coordination for the region and 2) an analysis of the problems and difficulties hindering progress toward improved coordination of public transportation services in New York and New Jersey. In short, the project 1) examines the case for cooperation and coordination; 2) evaluates the effectiveness and benefits of existing coordinating mechanisms; 3) examines the barriers to cooperation and coordination among transportation agencies; and 4) proposes alternative ways of thinking about restructuring the system to achieve better interregional and intermodal approaches to transportation problem-solving in the New York/New Jersey region. KW - Barriers KW - Barriers (Roads) KW - Cooperation KW - Coordination KW - Intermodal operations KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386220 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00628174 JO - FTA Technical Assistance Brief, Clean Air PB - Federal Transit Administration AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1991/12 IS - 2 SP - 7 p. AB - Rapidly unfolding developments in the area of alternative fuels is creating new challenges and opportunities for decision-makers throughout the nation's transit industry. One signuficant development is the use of alternative fuels in urban buses. The requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 - and even more stringent standards initiated by many states - have increased the momentum toward more widespread use of alternative fuels. This issue of the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Clean Air Program technical brief explores current developments in alternative fuel use in urban buses. The brief is designed to help transit managers and operators, as well as city and state decision-makers, stay abreast of the evolving issues in alternative transportation field. KW - Air quality KW - Alternate fuels KW - Bus design KW - Buses KW - Clean air KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air program KW - Technological development KW - Technology KW - Urban transit KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/372331 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00628148 AU - Gomez-Ibanez, Jose A AU - Howitt, A M AU - Meyer, J R AU - Wallis, A D AU - Harvard University AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE PROSPECTS FOR PRIVATE RAIL TRANSIT: LESSONS FROM THREE CASE STUDIES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/12 SP - 192 p. AB - Although the 1980s highlighted the privatization of the transit industry, no rail transit projects (privately financed and serve the general public) have been constructed as of 1991. The purpose of this study is to examine the experience of the most promising private rail transit proposals (3) advanced in the 1980s to find out what makes rail transit an unpromising candidate for private investment. Three case studies (Boston Monorail, Orlando MAGLEV, and Washington, DC/DartRail) suggest a powerful economic and political dynamic that makes privatization of rail transit difficult. The report states that the essential problem is that rail transit is seldom profitable from farebox revenues alone; thus, promoters are forced to search for assistance elsewhere. This need for assistance makes the projects much more complex and controversial and has often proved their undoing. Basically, the study shows that in no case was the provision of transportation service per se the principal concern. In all three proposals, transportation service is offered as a means to achieve some other end, such as: building an office complex; promoting a regional airport; and demonstrating innovative technology. KW - Case studies KW - Dartrail KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Fta section 6 KW - High speed rail KW - Lessons KW - Monorail transportation KW - Orlando (Florida) KW - People movers KW - Privatization KW - Proposals KW - Rail transit KW - Washington Dulles International Airport UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/369002 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622708 AU - Public Private Transportation Network AU - Jeffrey A. Parker & Associates TI - CROSS BORDER LEASING IN THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY PY - 1991/12 SP - 27 p. AB - This paper provides an overview of cross border leasing as a possible method of financing the aquisition of rolling stock by mass transit agencies. It describes the origins of cross border leasing, a description of the FTA guidelines for use of this type of financing, an outline of completed transactions and a discussion of issues whic affect the cross border leasing market. KW - Acquisition KW - Financing KW - Leasing KW - Property acquisition KW - Public transit KW - Rolling stock KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363067 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622835 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - DATA TABLES FOR THE 1990 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1991/12 SP - 335 p. AB - This report is one of three publications comprising the 1990 Annual Report from the Section 15 reporting system administered by FTA. The report provides detailed summaries of financial and operating data submitted to FTA by the nations mass transit systems. Extensiva data are provided for 518 of the nation's mass transit systems, including systems operated and/or administered by transit authorities, states, city departments and private operators under contract to public agencies. KW - Data KW - Data analysis KW - Fta section 15 KW - Management KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Public transit KW - Transit management KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Transit services KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56377/datatablesfor19900unse_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363125 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622032 AU - Gomez-Ibanez, Jose A AU - Howitt, A M AU - Meyer, J R AU - Wallis, A D AU - Harvard University TI - THE PROSPECTS FOR PRIVATE RAIL TRANSIT: LESSONS FROM THREE CASE STUDIES PY - 1991/12 SP - 192 p. AB - This report examines the experience of the most promising private rail transit proposals advanced in the 1980s to see why private rail has proven so difficult. The three case studies - in Boston, Washington, D.C. and Orlando - suggest a powerful economic and political dynamic that makes rail transit an unpromising candidate for privatization. The essential problem is that rail transit is seldom profitable from farebox revenues alone, which forces promoters to search for assistance from private real estate developments or state and local governments. This need for assistance makes the projects much more complex and controversial, and has often proved their undoing. KW - Private enterprise KW - Private transportation KW - Privatization KW - Railroad transportation KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362753 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622107 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - TRANSIT FARE SUMMA, FARES AS OF OCTOBER 1, 1991 PY - 1991/12 SP - v.p. AB - Data in this report are for fare schedules in effect on October 1, 1991. The report is organized into nine sections: Organization of the report; Adult base fares, surcharges, special reduced fares; Adult fare payment options (passes, cards, tickets, tokens); Adult inter-system, subsidized, multi-person fares; Disabled, senior citizen, child, student, and youth reduced fares; General fare policies and fare equipment; Other fare options; Demand responsive fares; and Summary tables. KW - Fare structure KW - Fares KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363890 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618410 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - URBAN MASS TRABSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION PROPOSED MULTIYEAR PLAN FOR PLANNING AND RESEARCH. WORKSHOP WORKING PAPERS; PLANNING AND RESEARCH PRIORITIES WORKSHOP, DECEMBER 11 AND 12, 1991, WASHINGTON, DC PY - 1991/12 SP - v.p. AB - The specific subject areas covered in this workshop were: Advanced public transportation systems; Clean air; Finance; Human resources; Information; Regional mobility; Safety/security; Technical development; Transit accessibility; and, Project development. The draft document does not reflect priorities, decisions or imply funding for programmatic activities described. KW - Accessibility KW - Clean Air Act KW - Development KW - Finance KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Mobility KW - Needs assessment KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Research projects KW - Technical analysis KW - Technology assessment KW - Traffic safety KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 5/uts5 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619508 AU - McGean, T J AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR DISABLED TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY PY - 1991/11/22 SP - 193 p. AB - This report identifies major innovative technology developments which show promise for provision of transit accessibility in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) while at the same time being compatible with economic constraints and with the broader mission of transit to serve the general public. Key developments include: low floor vehicles; miniplatforms; platform edge warning systems. In all cases, the report provides information on cost, maintainability, acceptance by operators and the disabled community and regulatory implications. It also recommends fruitful areas of research, development and demonstration activity. KW - Accessibility KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Demonstration projects KW - Development KW - Fta section 6 KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Platforms KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Technological innovations KW - Warning devices KW - Wheelchair lifts KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361827 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639157 AU - New York Metropolitan Transportation Council AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STATEN ISLAND REVERSE COMMUTE STUDY PY - 1991/11 AB - The purpose of the Staten Island Reverse Commute Study is to examine existing travel patterns of Staten Island residents who commute to New Jersey for work and to analyze the possibility of establishing commuting services from Staten Island to New Jersey. Traffic congestion could be improved by commuters shifting from passenger cars to High Occupancy Vehicles as part of competitive new travel mode. This study relied significantly upon input from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Staten Island Bridge Program as well as the New Jersey Transit Waterfront Transportation Office and local/county planning offices. The study discusses two types of reverse commuting services: direct and feeder service. KW - Commuting KW - Direct services KW - Feeder services KW - Fta section 8 KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Reverse commuting KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382009 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627838 AU - Futrell, M AU - Black, T N AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. AGENCIES IN URBANIZED AREAS EXCEEDING 200,000 POPULATION FOR THE 1990 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1991/11 SP - 328 p. AB - This report summarizes the financial and operating data submitted to the Federal Transit Administration by the nation's public transit operators, pursuant to Section 15 of the Urban Mass Transportation (UMT) Act of 1964, as amended. These data represent a portion of the 1990 Annual Report and consists of data reporting general, summary, modal, performance and trend indicators about a particular transit system for the 1990 report year. KW - Economics KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Fta section 8 KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Passenger miles KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit KW - Revenues KW - Transit services KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56598/transitprofilesa00unse_6.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368836 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619502 AU - Futrell, M AU - Black, T N AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT PROFILES. THE THIRTY LARGEST AGENCIES, FOR THE 1990 SECTION 15 REPORT YEAR PY - 1991/11 SP - 87 p. AB - This report summarizes the financial and operating data submitted to the Federal Transit Administration (previously the Urban Mass Transportation Administration) by the nation's public transit operators, pursuant to Section 15 of the Urban Mass Transportation (UMT) Act of 1964, as amended. These data represent a portion of the 1990 Annual Report and consists of transit profiles for the 30 largest agencies based on operating expenses for the 1990 report year. Each profile consists of data reporting general, summary, modal, performance and trend indicators about a particular transit system for the 1990 report year. The disaggregated data can be found in the 1990 Section 15 Annual Report - Data Tables, for the 1990 Section 15 Report Year. Rather than requiring the user to assemble data from numerous tables, the Transit Profile provides a comprehensive overview in graphic and summary format of an individual transit agency's financial and operating statistics for the 1990 Section 15 report year and with summaries of key data trend in line items for prior years. All data in this report are for transit system fiscal years ending on or between January 1 and December 31, 1990. KW - Expenditures KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Fta section 8 KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Passenger miles KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit KW - Revenues KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56605/transitprofilest00unse_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361825 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618376 AU - Schneck, D AU - Amodei, R AU - Kernish, R AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated TI - SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY PY - 1991/11 SP - v.p. AB - To help determine the extent, prevalence and types of substance abuse in the transit industry nationwide, as well as its identifiable consequences, was the clearly stated objective of the project that produced this report. The study design established two survey mechanisms to collect the necessary information. A transit agency survey was developed to examine those agencies' drug and alcohol testing proograms and test results. The employee survey was similarly designed and conducted with sensitive safety employees at randomly selected transit systems nation wide. The employee survey was dwsigned to porvide corroborative data plus independent information to analyze more detailed aspects of substance abuse. There are clear indications from both surveys that the transit industry has been affected by the same substance abuse problems as those found in the general population; self-repoorted drug use in transit was reported slightly lower and alcohol abuse slightly higher, compared to the 1988 survey by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), and within similar range as the 1990 NIDA survey results. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Alcoholic involvement scale KW - Alcoholism KW - Data collection KW - Drug abuse KW - Drugs KW - Surveys KW - Testing KW - Transit personnel KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363785 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639208 AU - New York Metropolitan Planning Organization AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TRANSIT SERVICE POTENTIAL OF INACTIVE RAILROAD RIGHTS-OF-WAY AND YARDS PY - 1991/10 AB - This study examined the transit service potential of inactive/underutilized railroad rights-of-way and yards and determined the long-range potential of these facilities for the provision of transit services. Extensive field reconnaissance was conducted to identify all inactive/underutilized railroad rights-of-way and yards. Screening criteria were developed to determine which rights-of-way have potential use for passenger service and three sites were selected for further study: the Rockaway Beach Branch in Queens, the Amtrak-Hellgate Line in the Bronx, and the North Shore and Travis Branch in Staten Island. KW - Appraisals KW - Fta section 8 KW - New York (State) KW - Passenger service KW - Public transit KW - Railroad yards KW - Reconnaissance KW - Right of way (Land) KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382012 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622626 AU - Ohio Department of Transportation AU - Department of Transportation TI - A HANDBOOK FOR COORDINATING TRANSPORTATION SERVICES PY - 1991/10 SP - v.p. AB - This Handbook was developed to assist those interested in coordination activities associated with providing transportation services. It provides a step-by-step process for getting a coordination program started. The report is organized as follows. Chapter 1 is an introduction. Chapter 2 discusses what you need to know about coordination. Chapter 3 covers pre-implementation planning. Chapters 4, 5 and 6 discuss Level 1 - Cooperation, Level 2 - Joint Use Arrangements, and Level 3 - Consolidation, respectively. The final chapter, Chapter 7, covers implementation. The appendices provide a glossary of terms used in the Handbook and a list of additional resource materials. KW - Consolidations KW - Cooperation KW - Coordination KW - Glossaries KW - Handbooks KW - Implementation KW - Joint use KW - Natural resources KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363903 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627966 AU - Transportation Research Board TI - RURAL AND SPECIALIZED TRANSPORTATION ABSTRACTS. PREPARED FOR THE 10TH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA OCTOBER 13-16, 1991 PY - 1991/10 SP - 51 p. AB - The references included in this bibliography have been retrieved from the Urban Mass Transportation Research Information Service (UMTRIS) database, a subfile of TRIS, the Transportation Research Information Service. Each citation has a report availability statement for persons interested in obtaining a full text copy of the cited record. KW - Bibliographies KW - Rural transit KW - Special user groups UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368899 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634645 AU - Parsons Brinckerhoff/Kaiser Engineers Team AU - METRO TI - THE IMPACT OF RAIL TRANSIT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND LAND USE: CASE STUDIES PY - 1991/09/20 SP - 33 p. AB - The purpose of this report is to present findings on the nature, extent and likelihood of rail transit's influence on metropolitan land use and economic development based upon experiences elsewhere. Although it is quite possible for transit systems to provide net economic benefits to their service areas, land use and economic development impacts are more difficult to quantify and attribute to transit projects. This report was based upon previously conducted research and analyses of new rail systems. An extensive literature search was conducted which yielded many relevant publications. In addition, transit experts were contacted for their input, suggestions, and contacts. The case studies selected for presentation included the following cities: San Francisco (BART); Washington, DC (METRO); Atlanta (MARTA), Baltimore, Buffalo, San Diego, Miami, Portland, Sacramento, San Jose and Vancouver, B.C. The first three systems listed, BART, METRO and MARTA have been studied in the most detail with less information available for the other eight cities. KW - Case studies KW - Economic development KW - Impact factor KW - Investments KW - Land use KW - Land use effects KW - Rail transit KW - Seattle (Washington) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374894 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01587423 AU - Education and Training Programs, Incorporated AU - CTTransit AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Employee Assistance Program for Transit Systems: A Procedural Guide and Model Program PY - 1991/09//Final Report SP - 180p AB - This manual is intended for management personnel representing transit systems across the United States. Industry decision makers need to be informed consumers when it comes to Employee Assistance Program (EAP) choices. A common misconception is that only large companies can afford an EAP. Although the size of the transit system will impact on the program design, program components, decision points, and the distribution of tasks and functions, it is both possible and critical to have an EAP regardless of the size of the transit system. This manual provides the foundation for the selection, development, and implementation of an EAP that works. KW - Employee assistance programs KW - Human resources management KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - Transit operating agencies UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56390/employeeassista0600etpi_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395772 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616772 AU - Parker, N A AU - McKnight, C E AU - Oppenheim, N AU - Schumacher, R AU - Valcin, J AU - Lu, B AU - City College of New York of the City University of New York TI - USING THE 63RD STREET TUNNEL TO IMPROVE TRANSITT ACCESSIBILITY BETWEEN QUEENS AND MANHATTAN PY - 1991/09 SP - 98 p. AB - The main objective of this project was to develop and analyze alternative concepts for increasing accessibility and decreasing crowding on rail transit lines between Queens and Manhattan, optimizing use of existing infrastructure, particularly the currently under-utilized 63rd Street Tunnel. A secondary objective was to look at accessibility within Long Island City as a means of promoting the New York City policy of encouraging the development of Long Island City. Seven alternative concepts were developed and analyzed. Four of the alternatives were variations on heavy rail (subway) connections between the 63rd Street Tunnel and the Queens Boulevard corridor subway lines, which include the E and F, the most crowded in the City. The other three alternatives look at other ways of connecting the many rail transit lines in Long Island City. Quantitative and qualitative analyses indicated that the optimal alternative was a single-track subway connection with triple-track operation of service on the basis of crowding relief, increased access to Manhattan, and lowest capital cost. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - New York (New York) KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit KW - Umta section 8/uts20 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357234 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00621147 AU - Teague, J L AU - Statman, J M AU - Aurora Associates, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - GRAND RAPIDS AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY HIGH IMPACT GAINSHARING DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY OF THE PROCESS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/09 SP - 14 p. AB - This report evaluates the efforts of the Grand Rapids Area Transit Authority to design, develop and demonstrate financial incentive programs, specifically "Gainsharing" in the transit industry. The report covers the history of the project and the conditions that brought about a willingness on the part of management to explore ways to motivate the workforce. It also documents the decisions made and the changes that took place in support of greater employee participation in the workplace. Although gainsharing was voted down by employees, the increased participation and team building that took place continues to play a role in day to day management in Grand Rapids. KW - Employee participation KW - Finance KW - Gainsharing KW - Incentives KW - Management KW - Transit operating agencies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362616 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619494 AU - Morlok, E K AU - Bruun, E C AU - Battle Blackmon, K J AU - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia TI - ADVANCED VEHICLE MONITORING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS FOR BUS TRANSIT: BENEFITS AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY PY - 1991/09 SP - 77 p. AB - This report analyzes the feasibility of advance motor vehicle monitoring and communication (AVMC) systems for bus transit in the United States. Such systems are widely used in Europe and Canada to provide more reliable and efficient bus services, but have seen little deployment in the U.S. Many systems are now available from both American and foreign vendors, and thus the question of whether or not to deploy such a system is coming to the forefront inn many transit agencies. In this report, the potential benefits of such a system are discussed, including benefits to current and new riders in the form of better service, to the agency in the form of increased revenues and reduced costs, and to ccommunities in a variety of ways includidng "town Watch" functions. This sets the stage for a discussion of the actual experince of foreign and domestic agencies that have introduced such systems with both costs and benefits. A method for evaluating the feasibility of AVMC systems is presented, for both outright purchase and for leasing - a very attractive alternative that conserves scarce capital resources. Calculations for typical U.S. conditions suggest that these systems should be quite cost effective, improving both agency finances and passenger satisfaction. Agencies should consider them carefully. KW - Advanced systems KW - Advanced vehicle control systems KW - Advanced vehicle monitoring systems KW - Automatic vehicle control KW - Automatic vehicle monitoring KW - Bus transportation KW - Fta section 11 KW - Intelligent transportation systems UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56321/advancedvehicle9403dept_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361821 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616774 AU - Gold, D AU - ETP, Incorporated TI - EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS FOR TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1991/09 SP - 162 p. AB - This report is a detailed procedural manual intended to help primarily small and madium sized transit systems design, implement, and evaluate Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs). Based on the experience of Connecticut Transit and other systems, the manual is intended to help local transit managers and decision makers develop new programs or evaluate and improve existing EAPs. Specific topics addressed by the manual include alternative EAP models, reasons to justify EAPs on local traansit systems, options in designing EAPs, implementation steps, program evaluation, case studies, and future issues and trends. The appendix includes a glossary of relevant terms, sample EAP documents, an annotated bibliography, and an inventory of existing programs and contact persons at 180 United States and Canadian transit systems. KW - Employee assistance programs KW - Employee relations KW - Personnel management KW - Training KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357236 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622042 AU - Southeastern Regional Planning & Econ Devel Dist TI - SOUTHEASTERN MASSACHUSETTS TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (SMTMA) ACTION PLAN PY - 1991/09 SP - 63 p. AB - SMTMA's primary role in the near future will be that of an educator/advocate. In order to be effective in its advocacy of specific actions, above all with government officials, a clear set of policies is essential. What follows is a statement of the goals, objectives, and policies, including an explanation of the relationship between these and the transportation management measures. Each measure will be listed under policies where it can be used and defined once where its use is most appropriate. Goal: To prevent traffic congestion and protect the environment while encouraging regional economic development. Objective 1: Promote the region's access as a means of encouraging desirable economic development. Objective 2: Manage economic development to ensure protection of the region's quality of life and access. Objective 3: Encourage land use and permitting policies which protect the environment and facilitate economic development of most regional benefit. KW - Economic development KW - Environmental protection KW - Fta section 8 KW - Land use planning KW - Massachusetts KW - Quality of life KW - Regional transportation KW - Transportation management associations KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362754 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618724 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - FEDERAL AND STATE LEGISLATION AND POLICIES RELATING TO TRANSIT IN TEXAS PY - 1991/09 SP - 48 p. AB - This report provides information on recent federal and state legislation and policies relating to transit systems in Texas. Information is presented on: 1) the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act; 2) the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments; 3) the EPA Storm Water Discharge Permit & Reporting Program; 4) the Federal Transit Administration Uniform System of Accounts and Records and Reporting System (UMTA Section 15 Program); 5) the Texas General Land Office Alternative Fuels Program; 6) legislation creating the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT); 7) legislation establishing a Public Transportation Advisory Committee within TxDOT; and 8) legislation creating a Health and Human Services Transportation Planning Office in the Governor's Office. Information is provided on the overall scope of these programs, specific requirements and deadlines, and approaches transit systems can use to meet the requirements. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Clean air act amendments 1990 KW - Fta section 15 KW - Legislation KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Public transportation advisory committee, txdot KW - Regulations KW - State departments of transportation KW - Storm water discharge permit & reporting program KW - Texas KW - Texas alternative fuels program UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361435 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616567 AU - Pachler, F T AU - Jordan, R L AU - Pai, J AU - Lederer, B A AU - Materials, Communication and Computers, Inc AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS: 1989 REPORT YEAR. FROM THE SECTION 15 REPORT PY - 1991/09 SP - 193 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of the United States' public transit systems for the 1989 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 Reporting System. This report is intended to complement the "National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics: Section 15 Annual Report" issued by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration since 1980. That report contains aggregate transit statistics, but focuses principally on the finances and operations of individual transit systems. By contrast, the Compendium provides a national, policy-oriented perspective, highlighting aggregate financial and operational characteristics. In this report, national transit industry financial operational characteristics are illustrated through use of 1) graphics designed to emphasize key transit industry patterns, 2) policy relevant statistics and aggregations, and 3) trend information incorporating statistics from the Section 15 database 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988 and 1989. These characteristics are examined in three chapters: Chapter I - Financial Statistics; Chapter II - Operational Statistics; and Chapter III - Performance Measures. The report also includes an Introduction designed to acquaint readers with the statistics and alert them to issues affecting their use. KW - Finance KW - Operations KW - Performance KW - Public transit KW - Statistics KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 15 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357153 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616466 AU - THATCHER, R H AU - Gaffney, J K AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - McGuinness (Katherine) and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ADA PARATRANSIT HANDBOOK: IMPLEMENTING THE COMPLEMENTARY PARATRANSIT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS OF THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1990 PY - 1991/09 SP - 288 p. AB - This handbook provides guidance and practical information for implementing the complementary paratransit service requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). A primary purpose of this handbook is to assist transit operators and planners with the preparation of required ADA paratransit plans. The first five chapters summarize the law and complementary paratransit service requirements. Eligibility determination, service criteria, and operating standards and requirements are analyzed in detail. The last four chapters discuss paratransit service models; ways to enhance fixed route service in order to reduce the need for paratransit; the preparation of paratransit plans, including a step-by-step planning methodology; and, key implementation issues such as scheduling, training, equipment, specifications, and recordkeeping. Applicable regulatory text is included in an appendix. Other appendices include a sample eligibility form; suggestions for making communications and information accessible; a sample advisory committee Memorandum of Understanding; information about state-of-the-art computer-assisted scheduling; and, numerous references and sources of technical assistance. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Eligibility KW - Handbooks KW - Implementation KW - Laws KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Planning KW - Regulations KW - Requirement KW - Specifications UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56317/adaparatransith0602eggd_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357073 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622870 AU - Kenyon, C L AU - Airwave Limited TI - HIGH SPEED WATER TRANSIT STUDY FOR THE NARRAGANSETT BAY AREA PY - 1991/09 SP - 12 p. AB - The information used in the preparation of this report consists of a ridership survey conducted at the Toll Plazas of the Newport and Mt. Hope bridges on February 8 and 9 1989; bridge toll token sales from the Turnpike and Bridge Authority; and traffic counts from the RIDOT and the Turnpike and Bridge Authority. Hovercraft usage and experiences information was directly obtained at the annual meeting of the International Marine Transit Association on September 19-22, 1988. KW - Boats KW - Ridership KW - Toll booths KW - Water transportation KW - Waterways KW - Waterways (Transportation) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363139 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622867 AU - McGean, T J AU - Battelle Memorial Institute TI - INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR DISABLED TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY. VOLUME 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1991/09 SP - 32 p. AB - Some 43 million Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities and this number is increasing as the population as a whole is growing older. The Americans with Disabilities Act makes it a civil rights violation to deny transportation accessibility to disabled persons. The requirements of the statute apply to both public and private entities, whether or not they receive Federal financial assistance. As a result, this is a timely moment to review the state of the art for providing accessible service on transit systems including bus, rapid rail, light rail, commuter rail and automated transit. This study surveys available technology with emphasis upon innovative developments which could be of interest to transit agencies facing the need to meet accessibility requirements of the ADA in a cost-effective manner. Because of the large amount of information available on vehicle borne wheelchair lifts for buses and light rail, this option has been specifically excluded from this study. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Federal government KW - Law enforcement KW - Legislation KW - Legislative intent KW - Level of service KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363138 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622874 AU - Williams, D AU - Kerr, D AU - Duffy, W AU - Klingelhoefer, J AU - Coburn, N AU - Norstrom, D AU - Battelle Memorial Institute TI - RANDOM DRUG TESTING MANUAL PY - 1991/09 SP - 101 p. AB - This manual presents information gathered and analyzed in support of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's effort to develop practical guidelines for U.S. transit operators in implementing anti-drug policies and programs. The principal goal of these guidelines is to assist the U.S. mass transit industry to achieve a drug-free transit workforce to protect the health and safety of workers and the public. Designed for transit agencies that are implementing, or are considering implementing, random drug testing programs, this manual will also be useful for transit agencies that already have a random drug testing program in place and want to make that program more effective and efficient. The organization of this manual is based on the key steps that should be taken to establish and operate a random drug testing program. Each step is discussed in a separate chapter. Appendices amplify basic information in the text. KW - Drugs KW - Training KW - Umta section 6/uts3 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56532/randomdrugtesti0600batt_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/9000/9100/9126/007058.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363141 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622868 AU - McGean, T J AU - Battelle Memorial Institute TI - INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR DISABLED TRANSIT ACCESSIBILITY. VOLUME 2 - TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1991/09 SP - v.p. AB - Some 43 million Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities and this number is increasing as the population as a whole is growing older. The Americans with Disabilities Act makes it a civil rights violation to deny transportation accessibility to disabled persons. The requirements of the statute apply to both public and private entities, whether or not they receive Federal financial assistance. As a result, this is a timely moment to review the state of the art for providing accessible service on transit systems including bus, rapid rail, light rail, commuter rail and automated transit. This study surveys available technology with emphasis upon innovative developments which could be of interest to transit agencies facing the need to meet accessibility requirements of the ADA in a cost-effective manner. Because of the large amount of information available on vehicle borne wheelchair lifts for buses and light rail, this option has been specifically excluded from this study. KW - Americans with Disabilities Act KW - Disabled people KW - Federal government KW - Law enforcement KW - Legislation KW - Legislative intent KW - Level of service KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Special user groups KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363913 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618375 AU - Pchler, F T AU - Jordan, R L AU - Pai, J AU - Lederer, B A AU - Materials, Communication and Computers, Inc TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS: 1989 REPORT YEAR PY - 1991/09 SP - 193 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of the United States' public transit systems for the 1989 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 Reporting System. This report is intended to complement the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics: Section 15 Annual Report issued by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration since 1980. That report contains aggregate transit statistics, but focuses principally on the finances and operations of individual transit systems. By contrast, the compendium provides a national, policy-oriented perspective, highlighting aggregate financial and operational characteristics. In this report, national transit industry financial operational characteristics are illustrated through the use of 1) graphics designed to emphasize key transit industry patterns, 2) policy relevant statistics and aggregations, and 3) trend information incorporating statistics from the previous Section 15 databases. KW - Expenditures KW - Level of service KW - Performance evaluations KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Service planning KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 15 KW - Urban areas KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361320 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618437 AU - Koppelman, F S AU - Schofer, J L AU - Bhat, C R AU - Northwestern University, Evanston TI - MARKET RESEARCH EVALUATION OF ACTIONS TO REDUCE SUBURBAN TRAFFIC CONGESTION PY - 1991/09 SP - v.p. AB - Traffic congestion is a major problem plaguing the suburbs of metropolitan areas. Suburb-to-suburb commuting has dominated work trip growth over the past couple of decades and constitutes about one-third of all metropolitan commuting in the U.S. This growth in suburb-to-suburb commuting can be attributed to a variety of factors including the suburbanization of population and suburbanization of jobs. Many actions have been proposed and implemented to ameliorate suburban congestion. These include transportation supply expansion, land-use and site design management, and demand management. Part A of this research reviews congestion alleviation actions and classifies them according to the method by which they alleviate congestion and the administrative hierarchy or actor-level at which they may be implemented. Part B of the research is directed toward obtaining a better understanding of factors that influence mode choice to work and travel behavior responses to alternate mode-sharing incentives and auto-use discentives KW - Business districts KW - Commuter service KW - Commuting KW - Improvements KW - Market research KW - Mobility KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Travel behavior KW - Travel by mode KW - Travel demand KW - Travel modes KW - Trip purpose KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Work trips UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363788 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616773 AU - Kenyon, C L AU - Airwave Limited TI - HIGH SPEED WATER TRANSIT STUDY FOR THE NARRAGANSETT BAY AREA PY - 1991/09 SP - 12 p. AB - The information used in the preparation of this report consists of a ridership survey conducted at the Toll Plazas of the Newport and Mt. Hope bridges on February 8 and 9 1989; bridge toll token sales from the Turnpike and Bridge Authority; and traffic counts from the RIDOT and the Turnpike and Bridge Authority. Hovercraft usage and experiences information was directly obtained at the annual meeting of the International Marine Transit Association on September 19-22, 1988. KW - Boats KW - Ridership KW - Toll booths KW - Water transportation KW - Waterways KW - Waterways (Transportation) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357235 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638140 AU - Gregory C. Rigamer & Associates, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - JEFFERSON PARISH TRANSIT OPERATION AND PLANNING MANUAL. VOLUME VII: PRE A & E EASTBANK MAINTENANCE FACILITY PY - 1991/08/30 SP - v.p. AB - This is Volume VII of a 7 volume study prepared for the Jefferson Parish Department of Transit Administration. The intent of the overall study is to provide to the Department and the Transit Advisory Board assistance in directing the day-today operations of the transit system and in planning future developments. This volume documents the findings, observations, and conclusions relative to the construction of a consolidated maintenance facility to transit vehicles in Jefferson Parish. KW - Consolidations KW - Construction KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Public transit KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381987 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616075 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1990 URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION GRANTS ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS INFORMATION SUMMARIES PY - 1991/08/01 SP - 105 p. AB - The Fiscal Year 1990 "Information Summaries" presents selected data on the distribution and use of various Formula and Discretionary program funds. These programs discussed are the principal source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas for mass transportation. The data is compiled from the capital, operating and planning assistance grants awarded in Fiscal Year 1990 to transit authorities, states, metropolitan planning agencies and other units of local governments. This data is represented in the various tables and figures which are identified in the table of contents. KW - Federal aid KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Fund allocations KW - Grant aid KW - Programs KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56306/1990informations00msjo_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356934 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622045 AU - Shirazi, E AU - Fink, J W AU - Pratt, J AU - Commuter Transportation Services, Incorporated TI - TELECOMMUTING: MOVING THE WORK TO THE WORKERS. A HANDBOOK TO HELP YOU SET UP A PROGRAM AT YOUR COMPANY PY - 1991/08 SP - 73 p. AB - The definition of telecommuting is working at home or at an office close to home, full or part-time. While employees may be hooked up to the main office via a sophisticated computer network, it is possible to telecommute with as little as a pen, paper and phone. The purpose of this workbook is to help you set up a program at your commpany. It is divided into four sections - introduction to telecommuting; program design; implementation; and appendices - to help you develop an effective program. KW - Home offices KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Telecommunications KW - Telecommuting KW - Work environment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362757 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616090 AU - Levinson, H S AU - Olmsted, R A AU - Polytechnic Institute of New York TI - QUEENS-MANHATTAN TRANSIT IMPROVEMENTS STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/08 SP - 182 p. AB - This report analyzes short and long range opportunities for improving subway service between Queens and Manhattan. It evaluates the physical feasibility, operating feasibility, ridership potential, capacities, costs, and institutional acceptability of more than 20 options. The report recommends a staged improvement plan the first stage calls for (1) operating 60-foot cars on the Queens Boulevard subway line, (2) speeding up J-Z service by closing or consolidating stations, (3) improving pedestrian connections in Long Island City and (4) building a Rosedale Transit Center. It supports the following sequence of actions over the next 10 to 15 years; (1) complete the Northern Boulevard express-local connection as soon as possible, (2) connect the 60th Street tunnel to the Flushing Line ezpress track, (3) utilize a car capable of running on both tracks, and (4) subsequently (as needed) add a fifth track through the Roosevelt Avenue stations and build connection between the Queens Boulevard and Rockaway Lines. A connection between the Long Island Rail Road main line and the 63rd Street tunnel lower level with an extension of LIRR service to midtown Manhattan has merit over the long run as part of regional transit improvements. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Capacity KW - Governments KW - Level of service KW - New York (New York) KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Railroad transportation KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356947 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00615976 AU - RABINOWITZ, H AU - Beimborn, E AU - Mrotek, C AU - Yan, S AU - GUGLIOTTA, P AU - University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee TI - THE NEW SUBURB: GUIDELINES FOR TRANSIT SENSITIVE SUBURBAN LAND USE DESIGN PY - 1991/07/15 SP - 166 p. AB - This report provides guidelines for the planning and design of land use patterns that are sensitive to the needs of public transit. These guidelines are meant to create an efficient environment for future growth in suburban areas. The guidelines have been prepared from a market-based point of view. Design elements are proposed that directly address the success of development activities and transit services. The report discusses requirements for successful transit and provides design guidelines for land use, access systems and transit service types through a range of scales. Transit-sensitive land use design can be developed through the designation of Transit Corridor Districts (TCDs) which would separate transit- and auto-oriented land uses. Such areas would have a mix of land uses with higher densities located near a transit route. A high quality access system for pedestrians and bicyclists should be provided to permit easy connections between buildings and transit vehicles. Guidelines are developed for the overall administrative and policy issues, systems planning considerations and specific designs of individual districts where transit service is provided. Steps to implement the guidelines are also included. A prototype Transit Corridor District, based on the guidelines, is presented in the final section of this report. The proposed TCD illustrates how the guidelines can be applied at a specific location. KW - Bus transportation KW - Land use KW - Land use planning KW - Mobility KW - Neighborhoods KW - Pedestrian protection KW - Pedestrian safety KW - Pedestrians KW - Public transit KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Transportation corridors KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/CUTS//ludes/ UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6200/6265/1370.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356858 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634685 AU - Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle-METRO AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - APC PROCEDURES MANUAL: SEATTLE METRO PY - 1991/07/03 SP - 188 p. AB - Seattle Metro's automatic passenger counter (APC) program began in 1978 and is used to acquire accurate detailed information about passenger related activities, such as transit travel time, schedule adherence and FTA Section 15 requirements. Currently, APC data are available for approximately 95 percent of weekday service and 75 percent of weekend service. This APC Procedures Manual describes procedures for operating the APC system. It is intended for Research and Market Strategy Division personnel or anyone who uses the APC system. The APC Manual is divided into 7 sections: System Overview; General System Tools; Collection of APC Data; Processing Data; Analyzing and Reporting Data; Maintaining Data; Maintenance Hardware; and 2 Appendices. KW - Administrative procedures KW - Automated passenger counters KW - Computer program documentation KW - Fta section 15 data requirements KW - Information dissemination KW - Information storage and retrieval systems KW - Management KW - Manuals KW - Paratransit services KW - Passenger counting KW - Pratransit KW - Procedural requirements KW - Ridership KW - Travel time KW - U.S. Federal Transit Administration KW - Vehicle characteristics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374908 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634684 AU - Operations Management Group, Limited AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTER/PC DATABASE SYSTEM. USER'S MANUAL. VERSION 1.0 PY - 1991/07/03 SP - 130 p. AB - Metro Seattle maintains a database containing information gathered by automatic passenger counters (APC) in selected coaches. The APC is one of Metro's primary sources of ridership and travel time information. It is the only source of detail information at the bus stop and time point level. Up to now, APC data has been stored on the IBM mainframe computer at King County and accessing/retrieving the data is limited to a few persons. However, selected data will be downloaded to the PC database and made available for a variety of purposes. This document is the user's manual for the Metro APC system and is divided into several main sections that can be copied and treated as separate documents. The following sections are described in this manual: Overview; Create reports/Extract Files; Paratransit Information Entry; Technical Information; and, System Description. KW - Automated passenger counters KW - Computer program documentation KW - Information storage and retrieval systems KW - Manuals KW - Marketing KW - Paratransit services KW - Passenger counting KW - Pc database system KW - Ridership KW - Route analysis KW - Routes KW - Seattle (Washington) KW - Travel time UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374907 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611707 AU - DAVIES, P AU - HILL, C AU - Emmott, N AU - Siviter, J AU - Castle Rock Consultants AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ASSESSMENT OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR TRANSIT AND RIDESHARE APPLICATIONS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/07 SP - 136 p. AB - This report presents the results of a study to examine advanced technologies and systems that can be applied to high occupancy vehicles, ridesharing and transit needs. Advanced technologies can be used to encourage the use of transit and rideshare facilities by improving their attractiveness and accessibility to travelers. In addition, they have the potential to increase the efficiency of transit and rideshare operations, reducing operational costs while offering higher levels of service to the public. Technologies were reviewed in the areas of traveler information systems, traffic management systems, fleet management and control systems, and automatic vehicle control systems. Within these areas, developments in the U.S., Europe and Japan were considered and a number of individual technologies were identified. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of the technologies in the broad technology areas were undertaken. Assessment frameworks were established to provide comparisons of system benefits and costs. The study included a review of current moves toward a national intelligent vehicle-highway system (IVHS) program. An outline of IVHS projects and activities directed at high occupancy vehicles, rideshare and transit vehicles has been prepared. These cover research, development, operational testing and standard setting activities for the technologies. Project descriptions are presented in limited detail, with emphasis placed more on the overall structure of the program than individual activities. Several of the near-term projects, with high-payoff potential, have been defined in more detail. The report concludes by recommending the direction of future work on transit and rideshare-related advanced technologies, within the framework of a national IVHS program. KW - Advanced systems KW - Advanced vehicle control systems KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Automatic vehicle control KW - Benefits KW - Costs KW - Development KW - Europe KW - Fleet management KW - Fleets KW - Future KW - Future research KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Highway traffic control KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Japan KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Project management KW - Projects KW - Public transit KW - Recommendations KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Ridesharing KW - Technological innovations KW - Technology assessment KW - United States UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/2485.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356175 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622170 AU - Department of Transportation TI - MASSACHUSETTS INCIDENT MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS PY - 1991/06/06 SP - v.p. AB - Highway accidents, disabled vehicles and other incidents are a prime cause of congestion in Massachusetts. Highway capacities are reduced, backups form, and about $1 billion per year is lost in terms of lost time and wasted fuel. An incident management system to deal with congestion caused by highway incidents needs to pull together resources and talents from several public agencies and private organizations, each of which can effectively solve part of the problem. In recognition of this need, the Executive Office of Transportation and Construction and the Executive Office of Public Safety, the American Trucking Associations, and the National Incident Management Coalition sponsored the first Incident Management Conference for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts on June 6, 1991. This publication contains the proceedings of that conference. KW - Conferences KW - Disabled vehicles KW - Highway safety KW - Incident management KW - Incidents KW - Massachusetts KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic incidents UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363891 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639247 AU - McKnight, C E AU - Rotter, N AU - City College of New York of the City University of New York AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A REGIONAL APPROACH TO RAIL TRANSIT TRAINING FOR THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA PY - 1991/06 SP - 49 p. AB - The purpose of this project was to study the feasibility of a regional approach to rail transit training in the New York metropolitan area and to recommend a means for implementing such a cooperative training effort. The study had two parts. The first part was to study the existing training at the five agencies, to document the training needs of each agency, and to determine mutual training needs that could be addressed on a regional basis. The five agencies are the New Jersey Trransit Rail Division, the Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation, Metro North Commuter Rail, Long Island Railroad, and the New York City Transit Authority. The second part was to determine possible means of sharing training, drawing on the literature and from innovative approaches by other organizations. KW - Cooperation KW - New York Metropolitan Area KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regional transportation KW - Training programs KW - Transportation planning UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5600/5600/809a.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380612 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00623086 AU - Humaida, H AU - Hogan, J AU - Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments TI - IMPACT OF FULL PRICE ON TRANSIT USE PY - 1991/06 SP - 60 p. AB - The report examines the probable effect of an increase in automobile fuel prices on Metrorail ridership. The examination includes reviewing past experience on the effects of fuel price changes on transit use, as well as estimating the potential impact on future (1995) transit use of fuel price increases at two levels: 50 cents and a dollar. Estimatees are also made of the impact of these price increases on the morning peak-hour maximum load volumes on each Metrorail line. KW - Costs KW - Economics KW - Fuel costs KW - Fuel prices KW - Fuels KW - Gasoline KW - Load factor KW - Prices KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Surcharge KW - Taxation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363207 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608375 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1990 URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION GRANTS ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS INFORMATION SUMMARIES PY - 1991/05/01 SP - 105 p. AB - The Fiscal Year 1990 "Information Summaries" presents selected data on distribution and use of various Formula and Discretionary program funds. The programs discussed are the principal source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas of mass transportation. The data is compiled from the capital, operrating and the planning assistance grants awarded in Fiscal year 1990 to transit authorities, States, metropolitan planning agencies and other units of local governments. This data is represented in the various tables, charts, and graphs which are identified in the table of contents. In all instances, Section 9B is included in Section 9 (formula). The figures shown on the charts and graphs are lettered and numbered the same as the related tables. Historical data is contained in Tables 15 through 47. KW - Federal aid KW - Federal aid highways KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Rural areas KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351172 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619641 AU - Giulani, C AU - Murphy, M J AU - Battelle Memorial Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STATUS OF PARTICULATE TRAP DEVELOPMENTS RELATED TO THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY. CLEAN AIR PROGRAM. TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1991/05 SP - 28 p. AB - This report was prepared in support of the UMTA Clean Air Program. It describes the technology of particulate traps as used in transit buses and summarizes the experiences of the few U.S. transit agencies who have operated traps so far. KW - Air quality management KW - Buses KW - Clean Air Act KW - Fly ash KW - Fta section 6 KW - Particulate traps KW - Particulates KW - Soot UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361908 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644027 AU - Giuliani, C AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - STATUS OF PARTICULATE TRAP DEVELOPMENT RELATED TO THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY. CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1991/05 SP - 28 p. AB - This report reviews the status of particulate trap developments related to diesel transit buses. Past, current and future system installations are tabulated and discussed. KW - Clean air program KW - Diesel engines KW - Fta section 6 KW - Installation KW - Particulate traps KW - Particulates KW - Transit buses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386297 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00642676 AU - Craig, E AU - Unnasch, S AU - Cramer, M AU - Acurex Corporation TI - METHANOL-FUELED TRANSIT BUS DEMONSTRATION. PHASE II, FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/05 SP - v.p. AB - In 1982, the California Energy Commission embarked upon its first heavy-duty methanol demonstration project. The Methanol-Fueled Transit Bus Demonstration Project continued for 8 years. The goal of this demonstration project was to demonstrate the viability of methanol as a fuel for transit applications. This Phase II report concludes the project, summarizing the final results of the demonstration effort. The introduction provides a brief description of the coaches; Section 2 summarizes the revenue service demostration; Section 3 details the vehicle maintenance and durability results; Section 4, the cost analysis, includes maintenance, fuel, and capital and operating costs, Section 5 summarizes the results of emissions tests conducted in 1985, 1988, and 1989, and, Section 6 summarizes the study's results. KW - Air quality management KW - Alcohol fuels KW - Alternate fuels KW - Analysis KW - California KW - Clean Air Act KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Demonstration projects KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Methanol KW - Methanol as fuel KW - Revenues KW - Transit buses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382160 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00623087 AU - Miller, G K AU - Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments TI - COMPARING THE COSTS OF PUBLICLY AND PRIVATELY OPERATED BUS SERVICES IN THE WASHINGTON REGION PY - 1991/05 SP - 58 p. AB - This report documents the current bus route costing procedures used by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority and six local jurisdictions within the region. It defines the concept of fully allocated costs of a bus route and presents guidance for comparing public and private transit costs. The report also describes examples of how public and private sector bus service costs have been compared in other regions of the country. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Bus transportation KW - Costs KW - Economics KW - Governments KW - Private enterprise KW - Routes KW - Transportation KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363208 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616083 AU - GIBBS & HILL TI - RAIL CAR COST CONTAINMENT STUDY PY - 1991/05 SP - 209 p. AB - The study/program was directed to consideration of procurement and operation issues which could affect the total cost of ownership for the METRA BiLevel cars which are planned for purchase in the near future. The issues addressed were organized in two parts: (1) technical items such as car definition, car specifications, car cost projections, car procurement work breakdown structure, standardization, off-the-shelf hardware, energy savings, and handicapped accessibility requirements; (2) non-technical items such as contract terms and conditions, project management, contract types, order size, Chicago area assembly, financing alternatives, life-cycle costing, reliability and maintainability with many of the above discussed in detail with existing rail car builders. Selected comments were incorporated in the study findings. The most significant findings included major savings to be derived in procurement through innovative financing and application of modern management methods, plus operational savings available from system-wide use of thorough maintenance and reliability provisions in planning, tracking and evaluation of car repair operations. KW - Chicago Transit Authority KW - Commuter cars KW - Cost control KW - Financing KW - Innovation KW - Maintainability KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Reliability KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356942 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611266 AU - American Public Works Association AU - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NATIONAL TRENDS IN THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION'S STATE RURAL TRANSIT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS: THE BENCHMARK REPORT PY - 1991/05 SP - 28 p. AB - In 1986, Congress authorized the creation of the Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP) under Section 18(h) of the SURFACE Transportation Act. The focus of this report is on the 50 state RTAP programs that have come into being since RTAP was created. The report provides a snapshot of the UMTA RTAP state programs as of the summer/fall of 1989 and is a benchmark for future analyses of the program. Its contents are based on information collected through a survey of the UMTA RTAP state programs. The report should assist states in information exchange on RTAP state activities and provide some initial information to UMTA and the Congress on the benefits and effectiveness of RTAP. Highlights of each of the 50 state programs are included. KW - Benchmarks KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Project analysis KW - Project management KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - State government UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356063 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611267 AU - Pachler, F T AU - Jordan, R L AU - Pai, J AU - Lederer, B A AU - Materials, Communication and Computers, Inc TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS: 1988 REPORT YEAR PY - 1991/05 SP - 193 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of the United State' public transit systems for the 1988 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 reporting system. This report is intended to complement the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics: Section 15 Annual Report issued by UMTA since 1980. That report contains aggregate transit statistics, but focuses principally on the finances and operations of individual transit systems. By contrast, this report provides a national, policy-oriented perspective, highlighting aggregate financial and operational characteristics. National transit industry financial operational characteristics are illustrated , and the report also includes an introduction designed to acquaint readers with the statistics and alert them to issues affecting their use. KW - Financial analysis KW - Information dissemination KW - Operational analysis KW - Operations KW - Statistical analysis KW - Statistics UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56364/compendiumofnati00ftpa_1.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356064 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00611408 JO - Technical Assistance Brief, Clean Air PB - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1991/05 IS - 1 SP - 4 p. AB - This Technical Assistance Brief provides an overview of UMTA's Clean Air Program (CAP) which was established to provide a mechanism to support the national goals of reducing vehicle emissions and oil imports. It consolidates a number of related activities including: the Alternative Fuels Program; the Methanol Bus Demonstration Program; the Diesel Particulate Trap Program; the Fuel Cell/Battery Bus Development Program; and the Alternative Fuel Bus Program from the ALternative Motor Fuels Act of 1988. The objective of CAP is to provide decision makers at all levels with a better understanding of the impact of new technologies. It is also UMTA's objective to provide the necessary technical assistance and support to the transit industry in making a successful transition to alternative fuels. KW - Air quality management KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean Air Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/358923 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610947 AU - Metropolitan Rail (METRA) AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RAIL CAR COST CONTAINMENT STUDY PY - 1991/05 SP - 209 p. AB - The study/program was directed to consideratrion of procurement and operation issues which could affect the total cost of ownership for the METRA BiLevel Cars which are planned for purchase in the near future. The issues addressed were organized in two parts: 1) Technical items such as car definition, car specifications, car cost projections, car procurement breakdown structure, standardization, off-the-shelf hardware, energy savings, and handicapped accesssibility requirements; 2) Non-technical items, including contract terms and conditions, project management, contract types, order size, Chicago area assembly, financing alternatives, life-cycle costing, reliability and maintainability with many of the above discussed in detail with existing rail car builders. Selected comments were incorporated in the study findings. KW - Commuter cars KW - Cost control KW - Costs KW - Financing KW - Innovation KW - Maintainability KW - Reliability UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355918 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608369 AU - Schneck, D C AU - Amodei, R M AU - Ferreri, M G AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT CAPITAL COST STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/04/05 SP - v.p. AB - The purpose of the fixed guideway capital cost study is to develop a capital cost database of actual unit costs to construct and procure the various assets necessary to operate mass transit busway and rail systems. It is the first in a series of studies to examine the actual costs of major transit capital investments. This report presents the results of the study to document actual construction and developmental costs for 5 light rail transit (LRT) projects constructed in the United States during the 1980s: Portland, 1986; Sacramento, 1987; San Jose, 1987; Los Angeles,1990 (service to Long Beach); and Pittsburgh, 1988 (reopened service). The study examines unit cost characteristics that could be important to the planning of similar systems, such as the distribution of costs by component categories, consistent unit cost ranges, and commonalities of component types and capacity requirements for an LRT system. The operating authorities of these 5 systems supplied the basic component cost data. Later they examined the translation of their cost data into the reporting structure for interpretational consistency. The resulting component cost information is intended to assist agencies in the planning and engineering stages to better prepare capital cost estimates for proposed new systems or lines. The Capital Cost Database for each of the 5 LRT systems is presented in the Appendix. KW - Busways KW - Capital costs KW - Capital investments KW - Comparative analysis KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost elements KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Databases KW - Development KW - Estimates KW - Guideways KW - Light rail transit KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351771 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00621733 AU - RABINOWITZ, H AU - Beimborn, E AU - Mrotek, C AU - Yan, S AU - GUGLIOTTA, P AU - University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE NEW SUBURB. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/04 SP - 93 p. AB - Suburban areas in the United States have undergone major changes in the last 150 years. Originally developed around improved public transportation systems, they have evolved into low density, widely dispersed areas with travel dominated by the automobile. This report provides an examination of the historical basis for the suburbs and analyzes recent trends and proposals for new suburban developments, especially as they relate to public transportation. Two groups of projects are examined. The first is a group of ten "exemplars" that represent a trend towards more concentrated development and mixed land use. Examples are given representing traditional neighborhood development, pedestrian pockets and other concepts. These examples are analyzed for the potential of transit services. Generally, the proposals were found to be compatible with public transit with higher densities, concentrated demand and good pathway systems. However, there are some limitations in the lack of direct transit routing, turns required, and right-of-way that could be obstacles to easy operations of transit. The second group contains projects that are entries to the suburban portion of the International City Design Competition. An analysis of over 250 entries showed a limited use of transit as part of the "vision of the future" by the entrants to the competition. Furthermore, those who use transit were generally judged to have not developed a design that used it well. Overall it appears that there are some trends in the planning and design of suburban areas that are promising for the prospects of public transit. However, the state of the art and the level of understanding of transit is limited. Much needs to be done to provide better guidance to planners, developers and local elected officials on the role of transit in land development decisions. KW - Decision making KW - Design KW - Development KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Real estate development KW - Suburbs KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56487/newsuburb9112cent_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362689 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616082 AU - CASEY, R F AU - Labell, L N AU - Prensky, S P AU - Schweiger, Carol L AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS - THE STATE OF THE ART PY - 1991/04 SP - 92 p. AB - This report documents one of the early initiatives of UMTA's Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Program, a program structured to undertake research and development of innovative applications of advanced navigation, information, and communication technologies that most benefit public transportation. This report contains the results of a limited investigation of the extent of adoption of advanced technology in the provision of public transportation service in North America. It focused on some of the most innovative or comprehensive implementations, categorized broadly under the APTS program elements of Market Development, Customer Interface, Vehicle Operations and Communications, and High Occupancy Vehicle Facility Operations. The objective of this effort was to increase the industry's knowledge of successful applications of advanced technologies with the expectation that this will lead to their widespread adoption. KW - Advanced systems KW - Communication systems KW - Concept vehicles KW - Control systems KW - Information systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Navigation KW - Technological innovations KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/24000/24000/24034/1WH01.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356941 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00633922 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - PRELIMINARY SAFETY INVESTIGATION OF THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY PY - 1991/03/22 SP - v.p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTS) is conducting an investigation of the safety and security of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) and its operating elements. This investigation is being conducted in two phases: Phase I Preliminary Investigation (PI), and Phase II Investigation. This report presents the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Phase I Preliminary Investigation. The report describes the Preliminary Investigation identifying and assessing previously identified safety and security issues and recommendations associated with the operations of the MTA and its operating elements. It also describes the safety and security experience and media reports related to the MTA's operation. The basis of the PI was the previously issued safety investigation conducted by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), the New York State Public Transportation Safety Board (NYPTSB), and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority Office of the Inspector General (MTA/OIG). The recommendations made by these oversight safety agencies were examined to determine the status and the extent of their implementation. KW - Investigations KW - New York Metropolitan Area KW - Recommendations KW - Safety KW - Safety practices KW - Security KW - Studies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375523 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01595715 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Transit Profiles for 30 Large Agencies - For the 1989 Section 15 Report Year PY - 1991/03/01 SP - 84p AB - This report consists of transit profiles for the 30 largest transit agencies based on operating expense and fleet size. Each profile consists of data reporting general, summary, modal, performance, and trend indicators about a particular transit system. The data were either extracted directly from, or derived from Section 15 reports filed by transit operators for the 1989 report year. The left page of the profile provides system-wide general and financial information. General information includes the size of the urbanized area, service supplied, service consumed, and vehicles operated in maximum service. Financial information lists the sources of operating funds, total operating expenses, and sources of capital funds expended. In addition, there are two pie graphs at the bottom of the page depicting the sources of operating funds and sources of capital funds expended. The right page of the profile portrays transit system characteristics by mode. For systems with more than four modes, only the four largest modes are included. If a transit system's modes include Motor Bus and Rapid Rail, these appear in columns one and two respectively. Additional information columns, beyond Motor Bus and Rapid Rail, are provided if additional modes are operated. These columns are arranged in descending order of operating expense. Specific financial and service characteristics are listed for each mode. Performance measures for each mode have been derived from individual mode characteristic data. These performance measures indicate service efficiency, cost effectiveness, and service effectiveness for each mode, and can be easily compared to the measures of other transit systems. In addition, line graphs for selected performance measures by mode are provided to indicate trend data for the past three years. Appendix A provides a compiled average of the 30 largest agencies. Each data item is the average of the 30 transit profiles included in this report. These averages can be used to compare with individual transit system performance. Appendix B indicates where each data item appearing in this Profile can be located in the Section 15 report filed by individual transit systems. For items that were derived, the formula used to calculate each item is listed. Additional information can be obtained from the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics, 1989 Section 15 Annual Report. KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Financial data KW - Financing KW - Fleet size KW - Operating costs KW - Operational efficiency KW - Performance measurement KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56602/transitprofilesf00unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397597 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00615828 AU - Schneck, D C AU - Amodei, R M AU - Ferreri, M G AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated TI - FINANCIAL ASSESSMENT PROFILES OF PROPOSED NEW START FIXED GUIDEWAY PROJECTS PY - 1991/03/01 SP - v.p. AB - In accordance with the Urban Mass Transportation Administration policy statement of 1984 on major capital investments, the Office of Grants Management commissioned independent assessments of the financial plans and financing conditions of fourteen transit agencies proposing New Start, fixed guideway projects. Most recently, these initial fourteen projects were updated to reflect changing financial conditions and also to add three more projects for a total of seventeen independent financial assessments.The full updates of the initial assessments plus the three new projects were recently completed. The information presented in this report complements other information contained in the UMTA Section 3(j) Report, as required by the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 as amended. KW - Assessments KW - Finance KW - Financial analysis KW - Financial management KW - Financial sources KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Rail transit KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357755 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619496 AU - Parker (Jeffrey A) and Associates AU - International Taxicab and Livery Association TI - MOBILITY MANAGEMENT AND MARKET-ORIENTED LOCAL TRANSPORTATION PY - 1991/03 SP - 48 p. AB - This report describes a study conducted of consumer choice approaches to public transportation service delivery, and the evolution of the project towards a "mobility management" approach to service delivery which is consistent with, but more broadly construed, than market-oriented local transportation. Mobility management refers here to a mechanism for achieving the integration and coordination of transportation services offered by multiple providers - public, private for-profit, and private non-profit - involving a variety of travel modes - bus, taxi, vanpools, rail, etc. - and multiple sources of funding. KW - Consumer behavior KW - Consumer preferences KW - Consumers KW - Finance KW - Fta section 6 KW - Level of service KW - Mobility KW - Mobility management KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Transportation KW - Travel by mode KW - Travel modes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361822 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00615843 AU - Henderson, W H AU - Senior Services of Snohomish County AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - EVACUATING ELDERLY AND DISABLED PASSENGERS FROM PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE EMERGENCIES. TRAINER'S HANDBOOK PY - 1991/03 SP - 54 p. AB - This manual is intended to assist the trainer in developing and conducting a program for training public transportation vehicle drivers in some basic principles for evacuating elderly and disabled passengers. The information includes a curriculum outline, suggestions on use of the video component portion of the training module and identifies policy areas. Related to evacuation which transit systems may wish to consider, a bibliography and resource directory is also provided. A section containing instructional guides is provided to assist the less experienced. A section on optional techniques for evacuating passengers while remaining in their wheelchairs, although not recommended, is offered for systems who see the need for such training. KW - Aged KW - Bibliographies KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergency procedures KW - Evacuation KW - Manuals KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Training KW - Umta section 8 KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356759 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00615842 AU - Henderson, W H AU - Senior Services of Snohomish County AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - EVACUATING ELDERLY AND DISABLED PASSENGERS FROM PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE EMERGENCIES. PARTICIPANT'S HANDBOOK PY - 1991/03 SP - 72 p. AB - This manual is intended to serve as a primary training resource for use by transportation systems when training personnel in techniques for evacuating elderly or disabled passengers from public transportation vehicle emergencies. The manual covers the evacuation process, precautions to be observed when the passenger's disabling is known, proper body mechanics and specific techniques which may be used in the evacuation process. Some features of onboard equipment and of wheelchairs which may affect the evacuation process are also presented. KW - Aged KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergency procedures KW - Evacuation KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Training KW - Umta section 8 KW - Wheelchair lifts KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356758 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634651 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - UPTOWN HOUSTON COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORTATION STRATEGY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/03 SP - 198 p. AB - This report outlines the Comprehensive Transportation Strategy of the Uptown/Galleria area of Houston, Texas. The strategy addresses all modes of transportation serving this major suburban activity center, including arterial streets, freeways, transit, pedestrians and transportation demand management. The plan was developed by Harris County Improvement District #1, a special improvement district formed through the efforts of the private sector in the area, in cooperation with local transportation agencies. The report describes the background behind formation of the improvement district, the district property owners' objectives and the action taken to develop a consensus among the many property owners with diverse interests within the activity center. The report also describes how the transportation strategy and a consensus of support for the strategy was developed among the area's property owners and the implementing public agencies. KW - Activity centers KW - Demand KW - Fta section 8 KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Improvement districts KW - Land use KW - Needs assessment KW - Pedestrian protection KW - Pedestrian safety KW - Private enterprise KW - Regional transportation KW - Strategic planning KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374900 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634160 AU - Houston-Galveston Area Council TI - COMPREHENSIVE TRANSPORTATION STRATEGY PY - 1991/03 SP - 198 p. AB - Uptown Houston is the nation's largest suburban activity center. After having experienced intense vehicular congestion for over a decade, property owners in the area obtained special state enabling legislation and formed a special improvement district. The initial step of the district was to develop a Comprehensive Transportation Strategy. This report describes the background behind the formation of the district, the objectives and actions taken to develop a consensus among the property owners with diverse interests. The report also describes how the transportation strategy and a consensus of support for the strategy was developed. The report outlines the elements of the strategy as follows: arterial street improvements program; freeway improvements program; transit improvements program; pedestrian improvements program; and transportation demand management (TDM) action plan. KW - Activity centers KW - Arterial highways KW - Freeway planning KW - Freeways KW - Highway planning KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Improvements KW - Needs assessment KW - Pedestrian traffic KW - Public transit KW - Streets KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Transportation KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374652 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616081 AU - Greater Bridgeport Reg Plng Agency TI - COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELDERLY AND DISABLED TRANSPORTATION SERVICES IN THE GREATER BRIDGEPORT REGION PY - 1991/03 AB - Over the past decade, there has been a significant growth in the elderly and disabled populationn of the region, reaching approximately 58,000 persons by 1986. The mobility of these individuals depends greatly upon the network of paratransit services offered by public and private non-profit agencies. This study identifies the size and location of elderly and disabled population, estimates their demand for transportation services, and compares the demand to the network of existing services and present ridership levels. From these analyses, the study recommends a program of improved services based upon the coordination of regional providers, and participation of municipal and private non-profit agencies. This program includes organizational and operating strategies as well as a financial plan for the next 3 years. KW - Aged KW - Level of service KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Ridership KW - Special user groups KW - Transportation disadvantaged persons KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357765 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610674 AU - KPMG Peat Marwick TI - ASSET MANAGEMENT IN THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY PY - 1991/03 SP - v.p. AB - This report is intended to get transit agencies to examine their balance sheets to uncover hidden assets and adopt financial practices to generate increased non-operating revenues. The primary purpose is directed to both top-of-line and bottom-line financial results for transit agencies. The historical trend has witnessed a somewhat stable but insufficient performance regarding farebox revenues to fund transit operations. This has caused a reliance on non-operating revenue sources such as grants, appropriations, and broad-based taxes. A worthwhile objective for transit agencies is to grow non-farebox operating revenues, which is a major focus of assset management. By achieving this objective, transit agencies will then have the ability to allocate more non-operating revenues to capital projects. The materials included in the report discuss financial issues in asset utilization. This discussion defines classes of assets in balance sheet context. Technical materials which cover the valuation of transit assets from an accounting perspective are included in an appendix. KW - Assets KW - Capital investments KW - Capital projects KW - Fares KW - Management KW - Nonoperating revenues KW - Operating revenues KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Transit management KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357728 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610563 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PLANNING AND RESEARCH - A NEW URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM PY - 1991/03 SP - 7 p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) is proposing a major mass-transportation planning and research program. This program is tied to the legislative reauthorization of the Nation's surface transportation programs for the years 1992-1996. This report is designed to serve as a guide to the UMTA program initiative during the reauthorization process. It outlines the parameters for renewal of UMTA's planning and research programs. KW - Development KW - Government funding KW - Legislation KW - National transportation policies KW - Reauthorization KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Surface transportation program KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation policy KW - Umta section 6 KW - United States KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transit KW - Urban transportation KW - Urban/mass UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355758 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608368 AU - Greater Bridgeport Reg Plng Agency AU - Urbitran Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELDERLY AND DISABLED TRANSPORTATION SERVICES IN THE GREATER BRIDGEPORT REGION PY - 1991/03 SP - 81 p. AB - Over the past decade, there has been a significant growth in the elderly and disabled population of the region, reaching approximately 58,000 persons by 1986. The mobility of these individuals depends greatly upon the network of paratransit services offered by public and private non-profit agencies. This study identifies the size and location of the E&H population, estimates their demand for transportation services, and compares the demand to the network of existing services and present ridership levels. From these analyses, the study recommends a program of improved services based upon the coordination of regional providers, and participation of municipal and private-non-profit agencies. This program includes organizational and operating strategies as well as a financial plan for the next three years. KW - Aged KW - Coordinated services KW - Coordination KW - Implementation KW - Improvements KW - Inventory KW - Level of service KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Regional coordination KW - Special user groups KW - Strategic planning KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351168 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00616080 JO - San Francisco Public Utilities Commission PB - City and County of San Francisco, California AU - Mersky, J L AU - City and County of San Francisco, California TI - THE JOINT LABOR-MANAGEMENT BOARD: FROM CONFRONTATION TO COOPERATION PY - 1991/02 SP - 79 p. AB - This report is a well researched and insightful description of the development of the Joint Labor-Management Board over a 5-year period. The report outlines the many risks and challenges we experienced in establishing a cooperative partnership. Such a partnership between labor and management is far from automatic. It can and does evolve, however, if given enough time, patience, trust, and resources. This study of JPMB can demonstrate to others in the transit industry that cooperative partnerships and orograms are not only important, but essential to a healthy transit system. KW - Bus transportation KW - California KW - Labor negotiations KW - Labor relations KW - Labor unions KW - Management KW - Management policies KW - Partnerships KW - Policy KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - San Francisco (California) KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/359692 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616089 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE UNITED STATES: PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION - REPORT TO CONGRESS PY - 1991/02 SP - 68 p. AB - This report examines the performance and condition of mass transportation in the United States in relationship to the changing market for urban and suburban transportation. The report discusses the urban transportation issues identified in the National Transportation Policy issued by the President on March 8, 1990. The role urban mass transportation is able to play is determined in large part by the cost and convenience of auto use in congested urban areas. Transit continues to play a vital role in the largest U.S. cities and is increasingly important to cities contending with growing traffic congestion. An uncertain energy future and increasing atmospheric pollution will continue to spur interest in transit and related forms of high occupancy mobility to support economic growth. The policy context for public transportation is in flux at all levels of government. Sharply increasing travel demand in urban and suburban areas and inadequate highway capacity are posing unprecedented challenges to the transportation industry. Simply building more highways is meeting severe cost constraints, as well as public resistance in some rapidly growing urban and suburban areas. New approaches are needed. Major policy shifts already underway locally -- which could be accelerated by the National Transportation Policy -- will reach fruition in the course of this decade. In order to finance and create new transportation capacity on terms acceptable to the public -- as travelers and as urban area residents -- a much larger role for user-fee based financing of transportation infrastructure is necessary, combined with a shift in transportation focus from the movement of vehicles to the movement of people and goods. KW - Capital KW - Capital costs KW - Mobility KW - Modernization KW - Public transit KW - Railroad transportation KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356946 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611965 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Henk, R H AU - Christiansen, D L AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SUGGESTED PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FREEWAY HOV FACILITIES. TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1991/02 SP - 152 p. AB - This report presents the results of the state-of-the-art review of evaluation practices used with different high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane projects in North America. Based on this review, suggested procedures are outlined for conducting before-and-after evaluations of freeway HOV facilities and ongoing monitoring activities. Evaluation studies of HOV facilities in Washington, D.C./Northern Virginia, Los Angeles, Houston, Seattle, Minneapolis, Orange County, Santa Clara County, and Fort Lee, New Jersey are examined. Based on this review, a general approach is presented for designing and conducting evaluations of freeway HOV facilities. This includes a discussion of the overall steps in the evaluation process, and the suggested objectives, measures of effectiveness, threshold ranges, and data needs. A more detailed discussion of the specific data collection techniques and methodologies needed to conduct the examination is also presented. KW - Before and after studies KW - Busways KW - Case studies KW - Data collection KW - Data needs KW - Effectiveness KW - Evaluation KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Information organization KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Methodology KW - Monitoring KW - Recommendations KW - Reserved lanes KW - State of the art studies KW - Traffic lanes UR - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/925-2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356261 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610578 AU - University of California, Irvine AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATE SECTOR RESPONSE TO SERVICE CONTRACTING OPPORTUNITIES PY - 1991/02 SP - 45 p. AB - This study addresses three key issues concerning the competitive contracting of public transportation services. First, how are developments in the private sector itself affecting the prospects and future configuration of the private transportation suppliers? Second, how do prevailing public agency contracting practices affect the competitiveness and financial status of the transit contracting industry? Third, how are industry developments, public sector contracting practices, and the competitive procurement process interacting to affect the long term prospects for a reasonably competitive market? The research was conducted in three phases: (i) a historical examination of the issues of private sector supply, competition and market contestibility for medium to large service contracting programs; (ii) case study analyses of recently awarded relatively large-scale service contracts; and (iii) an industrywide survey of private transit providers. Both contractors and public agencies agreed that the transit contracting industry is 'reasonably' competitive, but increasingly dominated by a handful of companies capable of competing at the national level. These companies are characterized by substantial financial resources, operations in many different locales, and a major presence in non-transit transportation. KW - Bids KW - Case studies KW - Competition KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - Contractors KW - Cost control KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355771 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608367 AU - New York Metropolitan Transportation Council AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AN ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL ZONING BONUSES FOR OUTERBOROUGH AND NON-CBD MANHATTAN LOCATIONS PY - 1991/02 SP - 165 p. AB - This report details New York City's zoning resolution which presently contains several mechanisms aimed at promoting a more attractive and efficient subway environment. These provisions have encouraged private sector participation in the renovation and reconfiguration of subway stations, often as part of a package resulting in additional floor area for the developer. The existing zoning bonus program is largely limited to subway improvements in Manhattan. The overall goal of this study was to examine the feasibility of extending the existing provisions to include other areas and other modes of public transportation. KW - Construction KW - New York (New York) KW - Subway construction KW - Subway planning KW - Subways KW - Transportation planning KW - Zoning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351167 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608253 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE UNITED STATES: PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION. REPORT TO CONGRESS PY - 1991/02 SP - 68 p. AB - This biennial report updates performance and needs information on public mass transportation systems in the United States. It is aimed to provide a tool to the Congress in its deliberations on legislation and policies for the Federal mass transportation assistance program during the upcoming surface transportation reauthorization. The report discusses the urban transportation issues identified in the National Transportation Policy issued by President Bush on March 8, 1990. KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Public transit KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation policy KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351101 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608370 AU - Skinner, S K AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN THE UNITED STATES: PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION. THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION'S REPORT TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS PY - 1991/02 SP - 68 p. AB - This document is the fourth biennial Report of the Secretary of Transportation to the United States Congress, pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 308. The report examines the performance and condition of mass transportation in the U.S. in relationship to the changing market for urban and suburban transportation. It discusses the urban transportation issues identified in the National Transportation Policy issued by the President on March 8, 1990. The report updates performance and needs information on public mass transportation systems and should be of value to the Congress and the Department for developing policy and program requirements to administer the Federal mass transportation assistance program. This report is organized into 3 Chapters which include 6 Tables and 10 Figures. Chapter 1, The Role of Public Transportation, discusses the policy environment for public transportation including traffic congestion and basic mobility concerns. Chapter 2, Transit Performance, presents a profile of mass transit service and discusses a number of indicators of transit performance. Chapter 3, The Cost of Maintaining Transit Infrastructure, highlights the investment required to maintain the existing transit infrastructure, and the various ways of meeting growing demands for mobility, including rail projects, high-occupancy vehicle lanes, as well as, changes in land use and zoning. KW - Capital investments KW - Conditions KW - Infrastructure KW - National policy KW - National profile KW - Performance KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Role and issues KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351169 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605347 AU - Shughart, W F AU - Kimenyi, M S AU - University of Mississippi, University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC CHOICE, PUBLIC SUBSIDIES, AND PUBLIC TRANSIT. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1991/02 SP - 16 p. AB - This study is about the political economy of public transit operating subsidies. It uses a public choice framework to investigate how the interaction of economic and political factors influences the effects of public transit operating subsidies on transit system performance. The study focuses primarily on the impact of transit operating subsidies on operating costs, the effect of subsidy source on costs, and the role of private contracting in the provision of public transit services. The empirical evidence provided is based on multiple regression analysis applied to data obtained from a nationwide sample of 118 transit systems for the years 1984, 1985, and 1986. The principal findings are: (1) transit costs seem to rise as the amount of subsidy rises; (2) the cost-increasing effects of subsidies tend to increase the greater the distance of the subsidy source from the local community that benefits from the publicly provided transit service; (3) private contracting in the provision demand responsive transit service has a favorable impact on costs throughout the system; and (4) local subsidies from dedicated tax sources are associated with higher transit costs. The policy recommendations include: deliberate policy initiatives to change the current subsidy system ought to be investigated; the burden of transit finance should be shifted more heavily to local sources; and transit systems should be encouraged to contract out additional services to private suppliers. Increased private contracting and greater reliance on local revenue sources are expected to lower transit costs. KW - Governments KW - Nationalization KW - Operating assistance KW - Ownership KW - Private carriers KW - Private enterprise KW - Private operators KW - Public choice KW - Public participation KW - Regression analysis KW - Subsidies KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349905 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00605348 JO - Michigan University, Ann Arbor(muaa); Massachusett PB - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Shughart, W F AU - Kimenyi, M S AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC CHOICE, PUBLIC SUBSIDIES, AND PUBLIC TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991/02 SP - 47 p. AB - This study is about the political economy of public transit operating subsidies. It uses a public choice framework to investigate how the interaction of economic and political factors influences the effects of public transit operating subsidies on transit system performance. The study focuses primarily on the impact of transit operating subsidies on operating costs, the effect of subsidy source on costs, and the role of private contracting in the provision of public transit services. The empirical evidence provided is based on multiple regression analysis applied to data obtained from a nationwide sample of 118 transit systems for the years 1984, 1985, and 1986. The principal findings are: (1) transit costs seem to rise as the amount of subsidy rises; (2) the cost-increasing effects of subsidies tend to increase the greater the distance of the subsidy source from the local community that benefits from the publicly provided transit service; (3) private contracting in the provision demand responsive transit service has a favorable impact on costs throughout the system; and (4) local subsidies from dedicated tax sources are associated with higher transit costs. The policy recommendations include: deliberate policy initiatives to change the current subsidy system ought to be investigated; the burden of transit finance should be shifted more heavily to local sources; and transit systems should be encouraged to contract out additional services to private suppliers. Increased private contracting and greater reliance on local revenue sources are expected to lower transit costs. KW - Governments KW - Nationalization KW - Operating assistance KW - Ownership KW - Private carriers KW - Private enterprise KW - Private operators KW - Public choice KW - Public participation KW - Regression analysis KW - Subsidies KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/352707 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605333 AU - Abrams-Cherwony and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT TECHNICAL STUDY FOR PUTNAM AREA RAPID TRANSIT PY - 1991/02 SP - 60 p. AB - This final report represents the culmination of a comprehensive survey and analysis of issues related to the public transportation services provided by Putnam County to area residents, namely: fixed-route and specialized transit. The objectives of the study were: to develop a database, through market research, for fixed-route bus ridership; prepare a marketing plan for Putnam Area Rapid Transit (PART) services; and to identify and evaluate consolidation options. This report presents an analysis and results of 2 surveys (Resident Attitude Survey, and Onboard Rider Survey); a Marketing Plan for PART services; and Consolidation Options along with recommendations for further improvements of transit services in Putnam County, New York. KW - Forms (Documents) KW - Onboard survey KW - Origin and destination KW - Public transit KW - Putnam County (New York) KW - Regional transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Ride check survey form KW - Ridership KW - Survey cards KW - Transit zones KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349893 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616088 AU - Savas, E S AU - Grava, S AU - Sparrow, R AU - City College of New York of the City University of New York TI - THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN NEW YORK CITY: A POLICY PERSPECTIVE PY - 1991/01 SP - 219 p. AB - This report examines the role of the private sector in public transportation in New York City. It offers policy guidelines for utilizing market forces and the private sector to achieve greater mobility, better transportation, improved air quality, reduced congestion, and lower costs. Policies to rebalance responsibilities between the public and private sectors are recommended: (1) Increase productivity by privatizing bus services through competitive contracting, particularly of underutilized routes; (2) Legitimize and fully incorporate the informal private services into the city's transportation network; (3) Allocate the city's limited roadway space more effectively during peak periods in order to utilize fully its carrying capacity; use time-of-day pricing, selective restrictions, and electronic toll-collection; (4) Organize and integrate the fragmented and counterproductive decision-making that characterizes the city's current approach to transportation; institutionalize mobility management. KW - Governments KW - New York (New York) KW - Policy analysis KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356945 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00740396 AU - Bander, J L AU - University of Virginia, Charlottesville AU - Mid-Atlantic Universities Transportation Center AU - Virginia Department of Transportation AU - Department of Transportation TI - OPTIMAL PATH DETERMINATION FOR PUBLIC TRANSIT NETWORKS PY - 1991/01 SP - 53 p. AB - The itinerary selection problem faced by public transit riders is a non-stationary shortest path problem. A dynamic programming formulation is analyzed, and the alternative mathematical models, data structures, and algorithms available for solving the problem are described. Various shortest path algorithms are adapted to solve the transit itinerary selection problem; these include Bellman's algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm, A* and IA*. Some guidelines are presented to assist the implementor of a transit itinerary decision support system who needs to choose an algorithm. KW - Algorithms KW - Dynamic programming KW - Heuristic methods KW - Itinerary KW - Public transit KW - Route choice UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/573398 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639158 AU - D'Antignac, P A AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - COMPENDIUM - FTA ABSTRACTS 1989-1990 PY - 1991/01 AB - The 1989/1990 Compendium is a compilation of Technical Report Documentation pages that provide bibliographic information and abstracts for recently available FTA-sponsored project reports that have been put on file with the Transportation Reseach Information Center. KW - Bus transit KW - Car pooling (Railroads) KW - Carpooling KW - Mobility KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit KW - Rural transit KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382010 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634790 AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center TI - VOLPE NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM CENTER INFORMATION PACKET. IDEAS THAT MOVE A NATION PY - 1991/01 SP - v.p. AB - The Volpe Center operates under the policy guidance of the Secretary of Transportation, to "anticipate future national, state, local, and international transportation and logistics issues and requirements, and respond to current needs and priorities in accordance with its role as the national center of transportation and logistics expertise". The information packet provides a short history of the Center, established in 1970. The Center is described as a national resource where experts from the public and private sector can work together. The five key areas of activities are described. They are: support of transportation policy development and systems acquisition; enhanced transportation safety; transportation security; advanced management support systems; and infrastructure modernization. KW - Governments KW - Infrastructure KW - Logistics KW - Modernization KW - Policy making KW - Private enterprise KW - Safety and security KW - Transportation KW - Transportation safety KW - Transportation systems KW - U.S. Research and Special Programs Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/375641 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622830 AU - California Department of Transportation TI - PERFORMANCE AUDIT GUIDEBOOK FOR TRANSIT OPERATORS AND REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION PLANNING ENTITIES PY - 1991/01 SP - 118 p. AB - This guidebook provides information to agencies and individuals involved in a triennial performance audit. The information included identifies requirements and guidelines that can be applied, the basic structure of the audit, specific information on reviewing transit operators and regional transportation planning entities and makes suggestions on how to prepare and present the audit report. KW - Auditing KW - Guides KW - Guides to information KW - Performance evaluations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363123 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603467 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AGENDA FOR THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION'S TRANSIT PLANNING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM PY - 1991/01 SP - 42 p. AB - This report presents the Agenda for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Transit Planning and Research (TPR) Program. It is a response to the National Transportation Policy (NTP) issued by President Bush on February 26, 1990. NTP calls for a new direction that will "Increase the Federal transportation budget for research and technology projects, in coordination with the efforts of private industry, the academic community, and state and local governments." The new UMTA TPR program will integrate all of UMTA's planning and research and combine several existing programs under a single, flexible funding arrangement. This agenda was developed to guide UMTA's TPR program. It reflects industry's comments and suggestions at the 1990 Priorities Conference held in Kansas City, Missouri. This agenda report consists of 2 chapters. Chapter I (Introduction) introduces the National Transportation Policy and TPR; presents a history of UMTA Planning and Research; and discusses the Planning and Research opportunities. Chapter 2, titled The Proposed Transit Planning and Research Agenda, puts forth and discusses the following 6 "themes" that form the framework for the NTP and serve as the basis for the TPR agenda: Maintain and expand the Nation's transportation system; Foster a sound financial base for transportation; Keep the transportation industry strong and competitive; Ensure that the transportation system supports public safety and national security; Protect the environment and the quality of life; and Advance U.S. transportation technology and expertise. In this report, industry's proposed planning and research agenda are organized and discussed within the 6 NTP themes. KW - Energy efficiency KW - History KW - Mobility management KW - National transportation policies KW - Private enterprise KW - Proposed research & planning KW - Safety KW - Technology & education KW - Transportation policy KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 6 KW - United States KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349335 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608252 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA ABSTRACTS 1989-1990 COMPENDIUM PY - 1991/01 SP - 199 p. AB - This 1989/1990 Compendium is a compilation of Technical Report Documentation pages that provide bibliographic information and abstracts for recently available UMTA-sponsored project reports. All abstracts are logged-in the translation database called UMTRIS and are available online (Dialog file 63) to users of Dialog Information Services, Palo Alto, California. The Compendium is a courtesy serrvice exclusively for UMTRIS subscribers. Section 1 of the Compendium provides abstracts of the UMTA-sponsored research reports available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) and from Regional depositories. Section 2 provides abstracts of technical study and planning reports available only through interlibrary loan arrangement with designated transportation libraries. Section 3 describes the transportation database UMTRIS, lists UMTA Regional Offices, and provides a listing of research reports currently available to the public by written request. KW - Bibliographies KW - Development KW - Project analysis KW - Project management KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Research projects KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351100 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608372 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A STATEMENT OF U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY. MOVING AMERICA: NEW DIRECTIONS, NEW OPPORTUNITIES PY - 1991/01 SP - 19 p. AB - This statement of research policy represents a key follow-on step in of bringing the transportation system into the 21st century. It expands on the principles set forth in the National Transportation Policy statement and describes how they apply to the formulation of the Department's research and development (R&D) program. It also sets forth priority areas for research in the transportation sector over the next several years, building on the directions set in the policy statement. This report consists of the following sections: Statement of the Secretary of Transportation, Executive Summary, Introduction, Major R&D Policy Principles, Design Criteria for R&D Programs, Conclusion, and Appendix titled R&D Program Agenda. This document is designed to provide a broad policy base to support structuring a sound and effective Departmental R&D program. It is also to serve as a conceptual checklist for program selection and design, both for individual operating administrations in development of their R&D programs, and at the Departmental level in the crossmodal review of submitted budgets. KW - Budgeting KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Development KW - Policy analysis KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Secretary of transportation KW - Sectors KW - Systems analysis KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation policy KW - Transportation system analysis KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351170 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605337 AU - Philadelphia City Planning Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PHILADELPHIA TRAVELS. CITY TRANSPORTATION SURVEY. TECHNICAL PAPER PY - 1991/01 SP - 35 p. AB - In January of 1988, the Philadelphia City Planning Commission surveyed City residents to gather information on their transportation patterns, perceptions and preferences. The survey had several purposes: to gather information on travel behavior; update information on critical factors in transportation planning, such as auto ownership and journey-to-worktrips; and to seek opinions on transportation problems and possible changes to the transportation system. This report documents the City Transportation Survey. It provides a survey sample form and highlights the following areas: Changes in the Transportation System since 1980; Problems and Improvements; Transportation Use and Typical Trips-to-Work; Transit Use Changes; Fares; Trolley vs Bus Controversy; Auto Availability and Parking; Potential for Bicycling; and Public Transportation for the Elderly and Handicapped. KW - Automobile ownership KW - City transportation survey KW - Commuting KW - Perception KW - Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) KW - Planning KW - Regional transit survey KW - Transportation KW - Transportation systems KW - Travel patterns KW - Travel patterns/perceptions KW - Trip purpose KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349897 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605343 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM. FY 1991 ANNOUNCEMENT PY - 1991/01 SP - 38 p. AB - The UMTA University Research & Training Program (UR&T) is designed to support research within the academic community that advances the current knowledge base, improves transportation service providers' decisionmaking and management processes, assists transit professionals in anticipating significant national issues and trends, and provides career opportunities for college graduates. This publication lists the areas qualified for research and training, provides applicant checklists, application forms, legal assurance forms, and more. KW - Decision making KW - Graduate study KW - Research KW - Training KW - Transportation KW - Transportation research KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349902 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605483 AU - Rodano, E M AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PROGRAMS. FISCAL YEAR 1990 PROJECT DIRECTORY PY - 1991/01 SP - 60 p. AB - This directory contains brief descriptions of the Technical Assistance and Safety projects initiated during Fiscal Year 1990 by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Its purpose is to inform the public, and especially the transit industry, of the nature and scope of work underway to assist State and local agencies in improving services and reducing the cost of public transportation. Under the Technical Assistance and Safety Program, assistance is provided under a number of initiatives, including Congestion and Mobility, Environment, Financial Leveraging, Human Resources, Infrastructure and Equipment, Outreach and Support, Safety and Drug, and Transportation Disadvantaged. KW - Directories KW - Safety programs KW - Technical assistance KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56571/technicalassist5911edit_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/350004 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605349 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA MANAGERIAL TRAINING GRANT PROGRAM. FISCAL YEAR 1990 GRANT AWARDS PY - 1991/01 SP - 21 p. AB - This document presents awards for the fiscal year 1990 Section 10 Managerial Training Grant Program of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA). Grants were awarded to individual transit agencies in response to comprehensively developed programs that emphasize cost effective training conducted at the local level and statewide grants designed to provide cost effective training in cooperation with state transit associations. Eighteen grants totaling $1,300,153 were awarded in fiscal year 1990 to transit agencies throughout the country. KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Managerial training grant program KW - Public transit KW - Transit management KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349908 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01593521 AU - Branch, Paul R AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - National Rail Spare Ratio Study PY - 1991 SP - 62p AB - This study examines the rail spare ratios for all heavy and commuter rail systems over a seven year-span, 1985 to 1991. In accordance with the Section 15 Glossary of Transit Terms, this study will reference Rapid Rail as "Heavy Rail". The actual annual spare ratio percentages are appended. This study is stratified into two major sections for analysis purposes, they are current developments and systems size analysis. The current development analysis specifically examines Section 15 data for heavy and commuter rail systems for the 1991 report year. The system size analysis examines heavy and commuter rail systems according to systems size. Heavy rail systems are divided into three categories: those agencies operating a Total Active Fleet (TAF) of over 500; 200 - 499 TAF; and under 200 TAF. Commuter rail systems unlike heavy rail operate less vehicles in maximum service nationally. Thus, commuter rail systems were divided into three categories that differ from the heavy rail categories; they are over 350 TAF; 100-350 TAF; and under 99 TAF. KW - Fleet size KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Rapid transit KW - Spare ratio KW - Total Active Fleet UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56472/nationalrailspar00paul_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1396448 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01511653 AU - United States Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - South Oak Cliff corridor alternatives analysis, Dallas : environmental impact statement PY - 1991///Volumes held: Draft, Draft AppendixC(fol), Final, Final AppendixC(fol) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Texas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295977 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070721 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - North Atlanta corridor project, Fulton/DeKalb counties : environmental impact statement PY - 1991///Volumes held: Draft(2v, v.2 fol), Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Georgia UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830106 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070658 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Washington Regional Rapid Transit System (Metrorail), Green Line (E Route) mid-city segment : environmental impact statement PY - 1991///Volumes held: Supplement to the draft, Final supplement to the final, Final supplement to the finalapp KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830043 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070651 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Westside Corridor project, Multnomah/Washington counties (Portland) : environmental impact statement PY - 1991///Volumes held: Draft, Supplement to the draft, Final; Public comments on the Dsup, reference document B1; Section 4(F) documentation (B2) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Oregon UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830036 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070625 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - South Oak Cliff corridor alternatives analysis, Dallas D,F; Plan and profile drawings : environmental impact statement PY - 1991///Volumes held: Draft AppendixC(fol), Final AppendixC(fol) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Texas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830010 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070595 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Priority Corridor, Harris County (Houston) : environmental impact statement PY - 1991///Volumes held: Dv.1,Dv.2(fol) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Texas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/829980 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00966070 AU - Davies, Peter AU - Hill, Christopher J AU - Emmott, Neil AU - Siviter, Jeremy AU - Castle Rock Consultants AU - National Cooperative Transit Research & Development Program (U.S.) AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ASSESSMENT OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR TRANSIT AND RIDESHARE APPLICATIONS PY - 1991 SP - vi, 130 p. AB - This report examines advanced technologies and systems which can be applied to high occupancy vehicles, ridesharing and public transit needs. These technologies have the potential to make public transit more attractive to potential users and make transit more operationally efficient. A review of technologies was carried out in the following areas: advanced traveler information systems, advanced traffic management systems, fleet management and control systems, automatic vehicle control systems. The report concludes with a technology assessment and future directions in IVHS activities. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Advanced traveler information systems KW - Advanced vehicle control systems KW - Automatic vehicle identification KW - Guided buses KW - Personal rapid transit KW - Technology assessment UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/jpodocs/repts_te/2485.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/678221 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00621725 AU - Lede, N W AU - Texas Southern University, Houston AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE IMPACT OF CHANGING DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS ON TRANSPORTATION PLANNING. BASELINE PROJECTIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS ON TRANSPORTATION NEEDS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1991 SP - 54 p. AB - This study was designed to provide a reliable database on the effects of regional demographic, economic, and technological trends on transportation needs and demands in Federal Region VI. Baseline projections on regional growth patterns and shifts, transit use, changing sociodemographic characteristics, transit costs and funding requirements were developed for use in planning and decision making. The objectives of the study were: (1) Collect and analyze data on regional demographic characteristics and track shifting relationships between economic growth and transit use; (2) Develop a comprehensive database and conceptual framework on regional demographic, economic and selected transit system indicators; and (3) Disseminate information to the transportation industry, governmental officials and other organizations. Data will be collected on an on-going basis for use in determining changes in demographic and employment characteristics and for predicting future needs and demands. A framework and methodology will be developed for use in designing a comprehensive model comprising a regional database aimed at assessing regional transportation requirement to the year 2005 and beyond. KW - Data analysis KW - Data collection KW - Decision making KW - Demographics KW - Economic growth KW - Forecasting KW - Impacts KW - Information dissemination KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Needs assessment KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Technology KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Urban transportation KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362682 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00772028 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS PROGRAM : COMPONENT OF DEPARTMENTAL IVHS INITIATIVE PY - 1991 SP - 1 portfolio (6 items) AB - This group of summary sheets describes UMTA's Advanced public Transportation Systems Program (APTS), part of the U.S. Dept. of Transportation initiative in IVHS. The Program is structured to undertake research and development of innovative applications of advanced navigation, information, and communication technologies that benefit public transportation. UMTA is sponsoring a technology assessment of the opportunities these smart technologies offer. KW - Automatic vehicle location KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Technology assessment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/491448 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622832 AU - Meyer, M D AU - University of Georgia, Experiment AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE FTA/APTA WORKSHOP ON FIXED GUIDEWAY PLANNING PY - 1991 SP - 73 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration and the American Public Transit Association held a special workshop on fixed guideway planning on June 12-14, 1991. The purpose of the workshop was to facilitate an exchange of information on fixed guideway planning. In addition, the workshop was to serve as a forum to discuss the FTA guidance documents concerning the planning phases of major capital investment projects. The format of the workshop was developed to maximize the participants' opportunity to interact in small groups by using breakout sessions to discuss specific questions about key issues that had been highlighted in the plenary sessions. This workshop summary is organized around these plenary and associated breakout sessions and provides a brief summary of the plenary sessions and an overview of the major issues discussed in the breakout sessions. KW - Dynamics KW - Fixed guideways KW - Fta section 8 KW - Guideway dynamics KW - Guideways KW - Workshops UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56524/proceedingsofum9214tran_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363124 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00713634 AU - American Public Transportation Association TI - CUSTOMER SERVICE SURVEY PY - 1991 SP - 180 p. AB - Individual transit districts have regularly conducted customer satisfaction surveys but there has never been an effort to survey districts themselves on customer service. This survey was initiated as a comprehensive study of services that were offered by districts. Because customer service involves a variety of activities, the survey asked questions on a number of different topics including: telephone information services; customer service activities and procedures; training of front line employees; public and employee communication and participation; and, district demographic characteristics. The information collected in the survey can be used by marketers and planners in customer service and public information to help districts better provide services to the public. KW - Customer service KW - Demographics KW - Passenger vehicles KW - Public transit KW - Reports KW - Survey reports KW - Surveys KW - Training programs KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/448362 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622875 AU - American Public Works Association TI - NATIONAL TRENDS IN THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION'S STATE RURAL TRANSIT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS: THE BENCHMARK REPORT PY - 1991 SP - 27 p. AB - This report provides a snapshot of the UMTA Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP) state programs and is a benchmark for future analyses of UMTA RTAP. Its contents are based on information collected through a survey of the UMTA RTAP state programs. The report intends to assist states in information exchange on RTAP state activities and provide some initial information to UMTA and the Congress on the benefits and effectiveness of RTAP. KW - Benchmarks KW - Federal assistance programs KW - National transportation policies KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - Transportation policy KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Umta section 18 KW - United States KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363142 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603460 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION JOINT DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE GRANT PROGRAM PY - 1991 SP - v.p. AB - UMTA policy is to encourage public transit agencies and private sector business and development interests to cooperate in the planning, designing, constructing, renovating and improving of transit facilities. To further this policy, UMTA's Joint Development Challenge Grant (JD) Program has set aside $20 million with which to support joint public-private development projects. Projects can range from major transportation systems embracing a whole metropolitan area to specific projects enhancing the utility, safety or attractiveness of a single bus or railway station. This JD folder defines and discusses the JD, potential for JD projects, criteria for judging proposals and other information related to this grant program. KW - Air rights development KW - Capital investments KW - Construction management KW - Construction operations KW - Financing KW - Grant aid KW - Grant program KW - Joint development KW - Planning KW - Planning/financing KW - Private enterprise KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351612 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00615830 AU - Northwest Iowa Planning and Development Commission TI - R.T.A. DRIVER HIRING AND RETENTION STUDY PY - 1991 SP - v.p. AB - This Driver Hiring and Retention Study outlines the current policy and practices of the Regional Transit Authority in regard to personnel administraation. This study also reviewa and analyzes the results of a survey of current and former employees of the RTA. Finally, recommendations are made to the management and Policy Board of the Regional Transit Authority as to possible steps that may be taken and policies which may be amended or adopted to increase employee retention. Any recommendations adopted or any steps taken to supposedly increase retention should be analyzed after ample time to judge the success of such actions. KW - Bus drivers KW - Drivers KW - Employment KW - Hiring policies KW - Transit personnel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357757 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611268 AU - University Research Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRAINING RESOURCES CATALOG FOR RURAL AND SPECIALIZED TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1991 SP - 137 p. AB - This is the third edition of the training Resources Catalog for Rural and Specialized Transit Systems, which is published by the national component of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's (UMTA) Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP) to provide the latest information on training packages, audiovisual materials, and publications that are useful to rural transit services. Each entry includes ordering information, but public domain materials are alo available for the cost of reproduction from the UMTA RTAP National Resources Center. KW - Documents KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Publications KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - Training KW - Training devices UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356065 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605353 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS PROGRAM PY - 1991 SP - n.p. AB - This packet contains a brochure and flyers describing the Advanced Public Transportation Systems Program which is a component of an overall U.S. DOT initiative in Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS). The program is structured to undertake research and development of innovative applications of advanced navigation, information, and communication technologies that most benefit public transportation. Major public benefits are expected as the application of these technologies attract travellers to transit and ridesharing modes, thus reducing traffic congestion, air pollution, and energy consumption. KW - Air pollution KW - Energy consumption KW - Innovation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Navigation KW - Ridesharing KW - Traffic congestion KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351659 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603459 AU - Thomas, E AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA PRIVATE FINANCING FOR TRANSIT CONSTRUCTION. INFORMATION ON DEMONSTRATION GRANTS PY - 1991 SP - v.p. AB - This Private Financing for Transit Contruction folder is a Demonstration Announcement for the innovative financing of transit projects. UMTA encourages public/private partnerships in the development of transit projects using little, or no, federal funds for capital expenditures. UMTA will fund demonstration studies that examine the institutional relationships that exist or must be created to develop and execute these projects which will include front-end studies and feasibility analyses necessary as part of the local/private decisionmaking process to undertake a project. This folder presents information on demonstration grants which include 4 concepts for the financing of value demonstrations. The objective is to show that a private/local/federal partnership can exist in a meaningful way to develop the following: a large transit infrastructure project or a small transit infrastructure project with no federal funding; a large transit infrastructure project with minimal federal funds; and a guided busway system project with minimal federal funds. KW - Corridor line haul facility KW - Demonstration grant/project KW - Demonstration projects KW - Financing KW - Infrastructure KW - Line haul KW - Private financing program KW - Public private partnerships KW - Site circulator project KW - Technical assistance KW - Transit construction program KW - Transportation corridors KW - Truck facilities KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351611 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603458 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA REGIONAL MOBILITY PROGRAM PY - 1991 SP - v.p. AB - The UMTA developed a Technical Assistance Program to address regional mobility problems found in most urban regions. The Regional Mobility Program (RMP) is structured to undertake research and development of innovative solutions to the regional mobility problem, to enter into cooperative agreements with states, localities and non-profit organizations to demonstrate the feasibility of such innovations and to evaluate and report on the findings. The RMP is an outgrowth of the Suburban Mobility Initiatives (SMI) Program established in 1988. The RMP focuses on resolving or mitigating suburban traffic congestion as well as on addressing the overall problems of congestion and mobility on a region-wide basis. The RMP involves technical assistance, outreach, research, demonstration, and evaluation efforts that will create a body of knowledge that, in turn, will assist private, local and state organizations to address their overall regional mobility concerns. The Regional Mobility Initiative will include 5 focus areas: Transportation Demand Management (TDM), Innovative Transportation Services, Entrepreneurial Services, Competitive Services and Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS). These 5 focus areas will be supported by such program reinforcement measures as technical assistance through the Private-Public Transportation Network (PPTN), documentation, evaluation and information dissemination. Specifics of each focus area are described in this folder. KW - Competition KW - Entrepreneurs KW - General service businesses KW - Innovative services KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Mobility KW - Traffic congestion KW - Travel demand management KW - Traveler information and communication systems KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351610 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611344 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - George Mason Univeristy TI - REPORT ON THE 1989-1990 ACTIVITIES OF THE CONSORTIUM FOR REGIONAL MOBILITY AND THE 1990-1991 PROGRAM PLAN PY - 1990/12/31 SP - 40 p. AB - The Regional Mobility Consortium provides program support for the UMTA Regional Mobility Initiative. George Mason University, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Transportation, has served the Consortium as a manager, facilitator and focal point for members' efforts to develop and disseminate information related to congestion problems and mobility solutions. This document comprises parts of 1989-90 progress reports and 1990-91 program plans submitted by Consortium members. Part 1 contains the 1989-90 progress reports arranged in alphabetical order by member organizations. Part 2 contains the 1990-91 program plans. KW - Information dissemination KW - Mobility KW - Programs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356106 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605335 AU - Modeling Systems Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE SCOOTER: AN AUTOMATED PARATRANSIT ROUTING, SCHEDULING, DISPATCHING AND MIS PROGRAM PY - 1990/12/24 SP - 12 p. AB - This brief report describes the installation of Modeling Systems, Inc., Computerized Trip Management System called SCOOTER. It is a fully integrated trip management system and includes modules for routing, scheduling, dispatching, complaint management, and vehicle maintenance. The first 3 functions are included within the software program SCOOTER with the SUGGEST module. The remaining 2 capabilities are reflected in the software modules GRIPE and VEMM. SCOOTER is an interactive, menu-driven system designed for the paratransit operator. It is a useful computer tool for both prearranged and demand responsive routing and scheduling, administrative record keeping, fleet planning and management analysis. This computer modeling system is designed for today's transportation planner or dispatcher requiring readily accessible information and operational control. SCOOTER provides these capabilities to improve vehicle utilization, provide more efficient routing, reduce number of missed trips, ease trip verification, and provide timely operations and administrative reporting. KW - Computerized system KW - Dispatching KW - Installation KW - Mis program KW - Modeling systems inc KW - Paratransit services KW - Rockland County (New York) KW - Routing KW - Scheduling KW - Scooter software program KW - Trip management systems KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349895 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618795 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE PROJECT CASE STUDIES HISTORY AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS PY - 1990/12 SP - 326 p. AB - This report presents an analysis of the history and institutional arrangements associated with high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) projects in Houston, Texas; Minneapolis - St. Paul, Minnesota; Orange County, California; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Seattle, Washington; and Washington, D.C./Northern Virginia. The report provides a summary of the elements common to the different projects, and a detailed description of the background and institutional arrangements associated with each of the case studies. The analysis includes an examination of the reasons behind the development of the projects, the background and history of the facilities, a discussion of the relevant issues associated with the HOV projects, and roles and responsiblities of the different agencies and organizations involved in the process. The analysis was conducted to identify common elements and unique characteristics leading to the implementation and operation of the HOV facilities. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Case studies KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - History KW - Institutional issues KW - Reserved lanes KW - Traffic lanes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361498 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00732202 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas Department of Transportation AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - HOV PROJECT CASE STUDIES. HISTORY AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS PY - 1990/12 SP - 308 p. AB - This research study includes an overall assessment of the status of HOV projects on freeways and in separate rights-of-way in North America, an examination of procedures for conducting before-and-after evaluations of HOV facilities and detailed examinations of specific case study HOV projects. An intent of the case study analysis is to provide an examination of the history, institutional arrangements, operating characteristics, utilization rates and impact of selected HOV projects in different parts of the country. KW - Case studies KW - Evaluation and assessment KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Highways KW - Right of way (Land) KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/466815 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00646987 AU - Dorer, R M AU - Hathaway, W T AU - Weinstock, H AU - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SAFETY OBSERVATIONS ON THE X2000 TRAIN AS DEVELOPED FOR THE SWEDISH NATIONAL RAILWAYS PY - 1990/12 SP - 25 p. AB - The safety of high speed rail technology proposed for possible application in the United States is of concern to the Federal Railroad Administration. This report, one in a series of reports planned for high speed rail technologies presents an initial review of one such technology, the Swedish tilting train known as the X2000. This report utilizes material provided by the train developer, Asea Brown Boveri Traction AB (ABB), material gathered from independent sources, a site visit to the X2000 design and production facilities in June 1990, and a ride on the equipment for over 400 km (250 miles) at speeds up to 200 km/hr, also during June of 1990. This report describes the background leading up to the development of the X2000, the potential U.S. applications, and the technology in some detail and finally reviews FRA regulations that may be applicable to the design of this train relative to any potential U.S. application. KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - Statens Jarnvagar KW - Tilting trains KW - Transportation safety KW - U.S. Federal Railroad Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386955 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639213 AU - Meyer, M AU - Ross, C AU - Ferguson, E AU - University of Georgia, Experiment AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE IMPACT OF THE OVERMATCH INITIATIVE: AN ASSESSMENT OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCE IN THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY PY - 1990/12 SP - 5 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) announced in 1989 an initiative to encourage local transit agencies to provide a greater local share for capital projects. Known as overmatch, this greater local share was expected to result in greater local flexibility in transit planning and greater consideration in Federal review and decisions regarding capital project approvals. This researach project provides a history of this Overmatch Initiative. The report examines the transit finance literature and the economics/political science literature relating to greater local matching for capital projects. The research also examined the Section 15 data base to determine if this source of information could be used to reflect overmatch trends among transit agencies. A national survey of transit agencies was conducted to assess the transit industry's reaction to Overmatch Initiative. Several case studies of local transit response to the Initiative were conducted and the results were used to assess the overall effectiveness of the new policy. The research concluded that several agencies were overmatching before the Initiative was announced mainly to avoid Federal regulations and time delays. Few agencies used financial models to identify long-term systems costs. Many transit officials concluded that the requirement for cash overmatch was extremely limiting. The research project recommends that FTA shift the overmatch focus away from individual projects to regional, programmatic perspectives. FTA should also take steps to require long-range, financial planning in project planning. Importantly, the report recommends a change in the current Federal program matching requirements. It is recommended to lower Federal matching ratios to 50-50 (or 60-40) with additional funds made available to those communities that meet some special "need" criteria, KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Intergovernmental relations KW - Local agencies KW - Local government agencies KW - Overmatch initiative/policy KW - Public transit KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380592 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622108 AU - Lomax, T J AU - Schrank, D L AU - Texas Transportation Institute TI - THE URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING DATABASE PY - 1990/12 SP - 39 p. AB - This report summarizes the major aspects of the Urban Transportation Planning Database (UTPD) which is a transportation analysis tool developed to provide a common database for transportation information for use in the Houston area. General information is available from over 30 U.S. cities. This data provides for comparisons of approaches dealing with urban mobility and identifies trends which may be applicable to Houston. The database contains a wide variety of information collected and utilized by various transportation agencies in Houston. The database is designed and implemented using dBASE IV as the database software. KW - Databases KW - Mathematical models KW - Public transit KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models and systems KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362771 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618432 AU - Christiansen, D L AU - Texas Transportation Institute TI - HIGH OCCUPANCY VEHICLE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES. A WHITE PAPER PY - 1990/12 SP - 46 p. AB - This 46-page report describes the development of high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) projects and facilities in the United States. The report notes that at present over 20 urban areas in all parts of the U.S. are either operating or developing HOV lanes; nearly 40 separate HOV projects are now in operation. This amounts to approximately 340 miles of HOV facilities built at a cost of about $1.5 billion in 1988 dollars. If projects under development now are completed in the 1990s, roughly $3 billion will be spent on HOV development during the decade, and 850 miles of HOV lanes will be operating by the turn of the century. KW - Air pollution KW - Congestion KW - Demand KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Mobility KW - Traffic congestion UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361369 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00618431 AU - Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle-METRO AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMUTER PARKING SYMPOSIUM, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, DECEMBER 6-7, 1990 PY - 1990/12 SP - v.p. AB - This 208 page conference report summarizes the presentations and discussions at the National Commuter Parking Symposium. The session provided the opportunity to exchange "state-of-the-art" information on parking policy on a nationwide basis among a wide variety of disciplines. White papers explored implications of federal policies for employee parking, potential of local parking taxes, parking supply and demand relationships, developer leasing practices, local jurisdiction zoning practices influencing parking supply, and incentive programs to change mode split. The document includes summaries of the subsequent discussions on these topics, as well as recommendations for policy initiatives, demonstrations, and research projects. KW - Commuter service KW - Commuting KW - Elasticity (Mechanics) KW - Employee participation KW - Employers KW - Leasing KW - Parking KW - Parking costs KW - Parking facilities KW - Parking regulations KW - Parking studies KW - Pay parking KW - Studies KW - Taxation KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Zoning UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/cps.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363787 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616753 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - OHIO FY-1991 VEHICLE CATALOG PY - 1990/12 SP - 334 p. AB - This 334-page report, prepared for the State of Ohio's 16(b) (2) program, describes three kinds of small transit vehicles: passenger vans, light transit vehicles, and modified school buses. The van series includes modified mini-vans, standard vans, and converted vans. The light transit vehicles, which are also referred to as chopped vans, body-on-cutaway van chassis, and body-on-chassis vehicles, involve building a vehicle body on a heavy-duty cutaway van chassis, or a light or medium duty truck chassis. The modified school buses are altered to provide a more spacious interior for a specified number of passenger seats and wheelchair positions than do converted vans or light transit vehicles. The document also includes detailed descriptions of the various kinds of ancillary equipment available, and costing data for a range of vehicles and accessories. KW - Automobiles by type KW - Light rail vehicles KW - Light vehicles KW - Modifications KW - Ohio KW - Paratransit services KW - Passenger transportation KW - School buses KW - Traffic restraint KW - Transit vehicles KW - Vans KW - Vehicle components KW - Vehicle restrictions KW - Vehicle size KW - Vehicle type UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357222 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610953 AU - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority TI - RAIL CAR COST CONTAINMENT STUDY PY - 1990/12 SP - 348 p. AB - The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), as one of four agencies participating in the Rail Car Cost Containment Program (RCCCP) sponsored by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA), undertook an 18-month inhouse study of various contractual as well as technical issues involved in the procurement of electric multiple-unit (EMU) self-propelled rapid transit (heavy rail) cars. The purpose of SEPTA participation on the RCCCP was to identify factors which contribute to the high cost of rail cars, to develop alternatives in order to reduce these costs, and to formulate basic contract specifications for future rail car purchases. Based upon recent experience gained in three rail car procurements, SEPTA conducted this study in-house with appropriate employees assigned to a special RCCCP Task Force consisting of SEPTA management, administrative and technical personnel. The RCCCP Task Force obtained relevant cost-containment data and related comments from 28 firms participating in the study. This information was summarized on data forms and verified in follow-up interview meetings with selected firms. The final report describes the work of the task force personnel in addressing the issues during the study, and highlights those areas holding the greatest promise for rail-car cost containment in future procurements. KW - Cost control KW - Costs KW - Procurement KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit cars UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355922 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610562 AU - Ben-Akiva, Moshe AU - Morikawa, T AU - Massachusetts Institute of Technology AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RIDERSHIP ATTRACTION OF RAIL COMPARED WITH BUS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/12 SP - 38 p. AB - The objective of this study is to determine whether or not there is evidence indicating a significant preference for rail travel over bus, and, if such a preference exists, to learn about the characteristics that affect it and cause it to vary from one situation to another. After a brief review of existing literature, models of choice among alternative travel modes are estimated using revealed preference data and stated preference data. The main conclusion of the study is that there is no evident preference for rail travel over bus when service characteristics are equal, but a bias does arise when rail travel offers a higher quality service. The investigation of the impact of different service characteristics using more advanced demand estimation techniques is suggested as a topic for future research. KW - Bus transportation KW - Level of service KW - Marketing KW - Railroad transportation KW - Ridership KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355757 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00607783 AU - Ben-Akiva, Moshe AU - Morikawa, T AU - Massachusetts Institute of Technology AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RIDERSHIP ATTRACTION OF RAIL COMPARED WITH BUS PY - 1990/12 SP - 38 p. AB - The objective of this study is to determine whether or not there is evidence indicating a significant preference for rail travel over bus, and, if such a preference exists, to learn about the characteristics that affect it and cause it to vary from one situation to another. After a brief review of existing literature, models of choice among alternative travel modes are estimated using revealed preferencce data and stated preference data. The main conclusion of the study is that there is no evident preference for rail travel over bus when service characteristics are equal, but a bias does arise when rail travel offers higher quality service. The investigation of the impact of different service characteristics using more advanced demand estimation techniques is suggested as a topic for future research. KW - Bias (Statistics) KW - Bus transportation KW - Choice models KW - Consumer behavior KW - Consumer preferences KW - Level of service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit usage KW - Ridership UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/350948 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622873 AU - Stokes, R W AU - Washington, E J AU - Texas Transportation Institute TI - ROLES FOR TRANSIT IN TEXAS PY - 1990/11 SP - 51 p. AB - This report describes three roles for transit in Texas. These roles are public transportation (services designed to serve transportation disadvantaged individuals), mass transportation (services for the rapid movement of large volumes of persons between fixed points of concentrated activity along high-density urban corridors), and internal circulation (services within large downtown areas, universities, airports, and major activity centers). This report also identifies some of the basic challenges facing the state's and nation's transit service providers. These include the need for increased efficiency throuh improved internal management practices, and greater cooperation and coordination between public transit and highway agencies and the private sector. Funding and cost control measures are clearly concerns shared by the state's and the nation's transit operators. The development of a broader conception of transit that permits more effective pursuit of diverse market opportunities also appears to be a vital concern of the entire transit industry. General topical areas where the Public Transportation Division may wish to clarify and refine its roles and functions are also outlined. These areas include transit funding, the administration of federal and state transit programs, technical assistance and training programs, transit planning and improved communication and coordination between local, state, and federal transit agencies. KW - Administration KW - Economics KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Transit centers KW - Transit management KW - Transit operators KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 9/ur06 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363140 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622872 AU - Department of Transportation TI - OPERATION GREEN LIGHT. ANNUAL REPORT 1989 PY - 1990/11 SP - v.p. AB - During 1989, the 2010 Transportation System Development Plan was adopted for the Chicago metropolitan area. The Plan identified improvement needs for both highway and transit facilities for the long term, well beyond the traditional five year time frame used for the region's transportation improvement program. To effectively address the congestion problem, a program was conceived that involved the cooperation of all the region's transportation planning and implementing agencies, called Operation Green Light. Specific plans, programs, and projects have been developed. Recommendations are described in detail in this first annual report. KW - Chicago Transit Authority KW - Governments KW - Illinois KW - Improvements KW - Private enterprise KW - Regional planning KW - Regional transportation KW - System design KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation system design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/363914 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603455 AU - Futrell, M AU - Black, T N AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS. 1989 SECTION 15 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1990/11 SP - 689 p. AB - This is the 11th annual report produced under the Section 15 Uniform System of Accounts and Records and Reporting System. It summarizes the financial and operating data submitted to UMTA by 498 of the nation's transit operators for fiscal year ending on or between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1989. This annual report consists of 3 chapters. Chapter 1 contains an introduction to the Section 15 reporting system and its relationship to the Section 9 program. Chapter 2 contains aggregate industry statistics derived from the complete Section 15 reports which were submitted. Chapter 3 contains financial and operating data on the individual transit systems that submitted complete Section 15 reports. Data contained in Chapter 3 (Individual Transit System Statistics) of the 1989 Section 15 Annual KW - Crash data KW - Financial/operating statistics KW - Formula-apportioned assistance KW - Passenger miles KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Revenues KW - Section 15 reporting system KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 6 KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle fleets UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56485/nationalurbanma0603marv_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349331 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616775 AU - Department of Transportation TI - OPERATION GREEN LIGHT. ANNUAL REPORT 1989 PY - 1990/11 SP - v.p. AB - During 1989, the 2010 Transportation System Development Plan was adopted for the Chicago metropolitan area. The Plan identified improvement needs for both highway and transit facilities for the long term, well beyond the traditional five year time frame used for the region's transportation improvement program. To effectively address the congestion problem, a program was conceived that involved the cooperation of all the region's transportation planning and implementing agencies, called Operation Green Light. Specific plans, programs, and projects have been developed. Recommendations are described in detail in this first annual report. KW - Chicago Transit Authority KW - Governments KW - Illinois KW - Improvements KW - Private enterprise KW - Regional planning KW - Regional transportation KW - System design KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation system design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357771 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611856 AU - Stokes, R W AU - Washington, E J AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ROLES FOR TRANSIT IN TEXAS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/11 SP - 51 p. AB - This report describes three roles for transit in Texas. These roles are public transportation (services designed to serve transportation disadvantaged individuals), mass transportation (services for the rapid movement of large volumes of persons between fixed points of concentrated activity along high-density urban corridors), and internal circulation (services within large downtown areas, universities, airports, and major activity centers). This report also identifies some of the basic challenges facing the state's and nation's transit service providers. These include the need for increased efficiency through improved internal management practices, and greater cooperation and coordination between public transit and highway agencies and the private sector. Funding and cost control measures are clearly concerns shared by the state's and the nation's transit operators. The development of a broader conception of transit that permits more effective pursuit of diverse market opportunities also appears to be a vital concern of the entire transit industry. General topical areas where the Public Transportation Division may wish to clarify and refine its roles and functions are also outlined. These areas include transit funding, the administration of federal and state transit programs, technical assistance and training programs, transit planning, and improved communication and coordination between local, state, and federal transit agencies. KW - Administration KW - Cooperation KW - Coordination KW - Cost control KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Interagency relations KW - Management KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Texas KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356191 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608251 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HUMAN RESOURCE PROJECTS, 1981 TO 1990 PY - 1990/11 SP - 73 p. AB - This booklet provides an overview of the human resource projects awarded by UMTA starting in FY 1981 to the most current Fiscal Year based on information available as of this printing. This booklet will be updated annually to provide a descriptive narrative of the projects sponsored by the Office of Civil Rights. The majority of these projects have centered on developing the business capabilities of disadvantaged (including women-owned) business enterprise (DBE) in order to increase their participation in UMTA-assisted mass transit projects. Other emphasis areas include the enhancement of opportunities in transit for the handicapped, minorities, and women, as well as, the development and conduct of training programs and the improvement of labor relations. In addition, sponsorship of a bonding assistance program has been a long term congressional mandate for the Section 20 program. KW - Annual reports KW - Civil rights KW - Disadvantaged business enterprises KW - Hiring policies KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Minorities KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351099 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605394 AU - Lloyd's of London Press AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - LTK Engineering Services TI - ATLANTA REGIONAL COMMISSION RAIL CAR COST CONTAINMENT STUDY PY - 1990/11 SP - 55 p. AB - MARTA's objective in conducting the cost containment study was to: (1) Identify and consider elimination of any high cost, low worth functions from its rail specifications; (2) Develop feasiblle alternatives for essential functions and then obtain industry view about the cost impacts; (3) Quantify the cost savings; and (4) Produce a final project report. The study showed, based on information gathered during interviews with car builders, subsystem suppliers, and other Transit Authorities, some ways to contain the costs of rail cars and how to reduce the manufacturers' uncertainty and risk. Transit Authorities have to understand manufacturers' practices, problems, and points of view. Also, negotiated procurements tend to show that mutual understanding of the requirements and risks lead to cost reductions. KW - Analysis KW - Atlanta (Georgia) KW - Cost analysis KW - Cost control KW - Costs KW - Definitions KW - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Specifications KW - Umta section 8 KW - Value engineering UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349934 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605331 AU - Abrams-Cherwony and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LONG BEACH TRANSIT VEHICLE MAINTENANCE STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/11 SP - 57 p. AB - This report documents a portion of the Long Beach Transit Maintenance Improvement Program for the City of Long Beach, New York. The study objectives are to increase the overall efficiency and productivity of the maintenance system by developing a comprehensive bus fleet vehicle maintenance program; and to review operational operations for issues including alternatives for computer applications, funding and privatization. This final report discusses the following maintenance elements: Vehicle Maintenance (VM) Overview; VM Activities Analysis; Information Needs; Funding Sources; Maintenance Privatization; and Facility Alternatives. This report will provide the City of Long Beach with tools to significantly improve the transit system. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Capital KW - Facilities KW - Facility alternatives KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Human information processing KW - Long Beach Transit KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance privatization KW - Planning KW - Privatization KW - Umta section 8 KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349891 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605336 AU - Association of Central Oklahoma Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - OKLAHOMA CITY AREA REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION STUDY. THE 2005 OCARTS PLAN PY - 1990/11 SP - 273 p. AB - This report documents the 2005 Oklahoma City Area Regional Transportation Study (OCARTS) Plan. It is the comprehensive regional transportation plan for the Central Oklahoma area, developed in compliance with Title 23 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 450.116 and is a pre-requisite for planning certification. This report explains and documents the technical aspects of developing the highway element of the 2005 OCARTS Plan. KW - Highway element KW - Oklahoma regional plan KW - Public transit KW - Regional transit KW - Regional transportation KW - The 2005 ocarts plan KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349896 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619648 AU - Murphy, M J AU - Battelle Memorial Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE FUEL DATA SUMMARY. CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1990/10 SP - 23 p. AB - As the interest in alternative fuels grows, the need for data on various fuel properties grows also. This report on alternative fuel properties is intended to provide a convenient reference to a number of alternative fuel properties. This summary provides comparative analyses of energy content, physical properties, combustion properties, health properties and business statistics. A glossary and a reference to sources is provided. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Clean Air Act KW - Combustion KW - Combustion products KW - Energy efficiency KW - Energy levels KW - Fta section 6 KW - Fuel specifications KW - Fuels KW - Glossaries KW - Specifications UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361912 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608250 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT PLANNING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM. URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION, FISCAL YEARS 1992 TO 1996. WORKING DRAFT PY - 1990/10 SP - 51 p. AB - This report describes the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's legislative proposal and outlines the activities, areas, and priorities that will guide the new Transit Planning and Research Program. The UMTA TPR program is the result of a consultative process, one that in September 1990 culminated in a Priorities Conference held in Kansas City. This report reflects the comments and suggestions generated at that conference. Over the next several years, it will serve as a statement of intent and content for the TRP Program. KW - Research KW - Research projects KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation research KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351098 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608598 AU - Carter, D N AU - Lomax, T J AU - Jenson, R K AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PERFORMANCE MEASURES FOR RURAL TRANSIT OPERATORS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/10 SP - 133 p. AB - Despite the increased interest in performance indicators for large transit systems, there has not been an equal effort at establishing similar techniques for small and rural systems. In response to this problem, this project developed a methodology to evaluate the relative performance of the Section 18 operators. It was found that the agencies could be compared using measures of cost efficiency, cost effectiveness, service utilization, vehicle utilization, quality of service, labor productivity, and accessibility. The transit agencies and the Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation can use these measures for analysis of performance trends, evaluation of overall system performance, transit planning, and technical assistance. The procedure uses a standard score methodology to compare the performance of individual agencies to the mean of all rural transit operators in Texas. It was determined that the use of peer groups of similar agencies would not significantly change the conclusions regarding agency performance. Peer groups would, however, increase the time to prepare a performance evaluation and the agencies within each peer group would change annually, making trend comparisons more difficult. The transit operators indicated a desire for information and suggestions from staff members of the Public Transportation Division of the Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation on methods to improve performance. More review of the statistics provided by the operators and greater communication between the operators and Public Transportation Division staff would increase the usefulness of the performance measures. KW - Accessibility KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Peer groups KW - Performance KW - Performance evaluations KW - Performance indicators KW - Productivity KW - Quality of service KW - Rural areas KW - Transit operators KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351402 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605382 AU - Dobrow, S B AU - Haikalis, G AU - Widawski, I D AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Fairleigh Dickinson University TI - COORDINATED PROGRAM TO IMPROVE MASS TRANSPORTATION ACCESSIBILITY BETWEEN QUEENS AND MANHATTAN PY - 1990/10 SP - 89 p. AB - This study has developed, evaluated and refined a series of coordinated actions to alleviate overcrowding and related problems on rail lines (subway and LIRR) between Queens and Manhattan, and the management of service on such lines. The key finding of this study is that alternativdevelopmentnt program could produce substantially greater benefits to the region, with very little increase in net cost to the MTA. This is possible by completing both the upper and lower levels of the tunnel and by focusing new services so that they enhance potential development sites, generating developer contributions, in Queens and Manhattan. The major element is intermodal integration, in both Transportation System Management actions (integrated fares, service frequencies, and feeder services), and in the longer-term development of a unified transportation center at Queens Plaza. Other elements include new "subway" lines, a "hybrid" subway-railroad service, and airport access transit. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Coordination KW - Economic development KW - Governments KW - Manhattan (New York, New York) KW - Multimodal transportation KW - New York (New York) KW - Private enterprise KW - Queens (New York, New York) KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Value capture UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349924 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605424 AU - Pachler, F T AU - Porcelli, R AU - Jordan, R L AU - Wang, S C AU - Lederer, B A AU - Materials, Communication & Computers, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS 1987 REPORT YEAR PY - 1990/10 SP - 171 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of United States' public transit systems for the 1987 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 Reporting System. In this report, national transit industry financial and operational characteristics are illustrated through use of 1) graphics designed to emphasize key transit industry patterns; 2) policy relevant statistics and aggregations; and 3) trend information incorporating statistics from the Section 15 database from years 1983-1987. The report also includes an introduction designed to acquaint readers with the statistics and alert them to issues affecting their use. KW - Economics KW - Expenditures KW - Fleet management KW - Fleets KW - Level of service KW - Performance KW - Performance evaluations KW - Performance indicators KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Service KW - Statistics KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56365/compendiumofnati00ftpa_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349957 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603454 AU - Hazlett, R AU - Chicago Department of Public Works AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ACCESS TO JOBS. REVERSE COMMUTING FROM CITY TO SUBURBS PY - 1990/10 SP - 41 p. AB - The 13.1 percent unemployed Chicagoans could fill positions in suburban Cook County and in Lake and DuPage counties if transportation were available. This report focuses on problems associated with getting unemployed residents in the Near South and West Side area to 5 suburban areas where nearly 20,000 Near South and West Side residents already commute. Major findings concerning these city-to-suburb commutes state that 43 percent of the households in the study area have no autos (twice the regional rate); transit travel time to suburban employment centers range from 28 to 107 minutes compared to 22 to 53 minutes by car; carpools account for 30 percent of commutes (twice city rate), but considered unreliable by employers; city transit and suburban buses have fare parity (economical but time consuming); and service and fare changes are needed to make commuter rail service an alternative. This study recommends that efficient access to suburban employment is a regional problem that requires a coordinated regional solution. It recommends shortening wait time, integrated regional fare structures, and development of information about city-to-suburb commuting. KW - Access KW - Auto travel KW - Chicago (Illinois) KW - Employment KW - Modal split KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Reverse commute KW - Reverse commuting KW - Suburbs KW - Umta section 8 KW - Unemployment KW - Work-trip patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349330 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602492 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CLEAN AIR PROGRAM PY - 1990/10 SP - 6 p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration Clean Air Program (CAP) consists of a number of related UMTA activities, including the Alternative Fuels Initiative Program, the Methanol Bus Demonstration Program, the Diesel Particulate Trap Demonstration Program, the Fuel Cell/Battery Bus Development Program, and the Alternative Fuels Bus program from the Alternative Motor Fuels Act of 1988. UMTA consolidated these related programs into the Clean Air Program in April 1990, in response to the transit industry's growing involvement in exploring the new technologies for reducing vehicle emissions. The Program provides a mechanism for UMTA to support the national goals of reducing both vehicle exhaust emissions and oil imports. KW - Air quality management KW - Alternate fuels KW - Buses KW - Demonstration projects KW - Electric vehicles KW - Exhaust emission control KW - Exhaust gases KW - Fuel cells KW - Methanol KW - Particulates KW - Traps KW - Traps (Drain pipe) KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344724 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601248 AU - Pachler, F T AU - Porcelli, R AU - Jordan, R L AU - Wang, S C AU - Lederer, B A AU - Materials, Communication & Computers, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS: 1987 REPORT YEAR. ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1990/10 SP - 171 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of the United States' public transit systems for the 1987 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 Reporting System. This report is intended to complement the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics: Section 15 Annual Report issued by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration since 1980. That report contains aggregate transit statistics, but focuses principally on the finances and operations of individual transit systems. By contrast, the Compendium provides a national, policy-oriented perspective, highlighting aggregate financial and operational characteristics. In this report, national transit industry financial operational characteristics are illustrated through use of 1) graphics designed to emphasize key transit industry patterns, 2) policy relevant statistics and aggregations, and 3) trend information incorporating statistics from the Section 15 database 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, and 1987. These characteristics are examined in three chapters: Chapter I--Financial Statistics; Chapter II--Operational Statistics; and Chapter III-Performance Measures. The report also includes an Introduction designed to acquaint readers with the statistics and alert them to issues affecting their use. KW - Compendium KW - Databases KW - Finance KW - Public transit KW - Statistics KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344387 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664662 AU - Wegmann, F J AU - Stammer, R E AU - Volpe, R AU - Todd, A AU - Webber, D AU - Feng, L AU - Phillips, R G AU - Southeastern Transportation Center AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - North Carolina Department of Transportation TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A GENERIC MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR TENNESSEE SECTION 18 OPERATORS PY - 1990/09/26 SP - 152 p. AB - Section 18 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended, enables public agencies to use federal moneys to provide rural public transportation. Since the advent of Section 18, microcomputers have been introduced to assist a typical manager with the day-to-day monitoring, evaluation, and reporting for a transportation operation. This report shows how microcomputers can be used by Section 18 operators to provide short-term feedback and information to support management decisions. This report has attempted to identify the applications for which microcomputers currently are being used by the Section 18 systems and what appropriate performance measures are being addressed, KW - Computers KW - Fta section 18 KW - Management information systems KW - Microcomputers KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405378 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616087 AU - Ryan, J AU - Emerson, D AU - Thomas, E AU - Mowll, K AU - Ossi, A AU - Jensen-Fisher, R AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROCEDURES AND TECHNICAL METHODS FOR TRANSIT PROJECT PLANNING PY - 1990/09 AB - Project planning is a critical step in the development of transit capital improvements. This step focuses on a specific transportation need, identifies alternative actions to address this need, and generates the information needed to select an option for implementation. The typical project planning effort addresses such issues as costs, benefits, environmental impacts and financing to support project selection. It often spans a wide range of technical disciplines, ranging from engineering to patronage forecasting to the natural and social sciences. In many respects , project planning is the key step in project development since the selection of a project for implementation establishes the improvements that will be achieved, the costs that will be incurred, and the environmental consequences that will result. Project planning for fixed guideway transit projects (new rail lines, extensions to existing lines, and busways) is referred to as alternative analysis. While alternatives analysis has been a key part of the UMTA process for advancing rail and busway projects for the past 10 years. it is still widely misunderstood. In part, this is because alternatives analysis is a complex technical process and makes use of terms and phrases -- such as equilibration, bias constants, and cold starts -- that are not part of many people's vocabulary. Further, much of the knowledge on how to properly conduct as alternatives analysis has been passed on by word of mouth. As a result, many local agencies have urged UMTA to provide detailed written guidance to help them carry out alternatives analysis studies. KW - Bus transportation KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Programming (Planning) KW - Project management KW - Rail transit KW - Railroad transportation KW - Transportation engineering KW - Umta section 20 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357766 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639218 AU - Luglio, T J AU - EG&G Dynatrend AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - PROJECT AND CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES PY - 1990/09 SP - 292 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration (FTA) sponsored the development of the Project and Construction Management Guidelines to provide a resource for local transit authorities and others concerned with the effective implementation of transit capital projects. The Guidelines have been structured to describe the phases of project planning and development through construction to completion, including revenue service. Fundamental management principles are stressed, and are applied throughout the various project phases. The Guidelines will be useful to planners, engineers, administrators and managers involved with projects related to both rail and bus modes, including the development of new systems and the modernization or expansion of existing systems. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Construction management KW - Guidelines KW - Maintenance of way KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Modernization KW - Planning KW - Project development KW - Project management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380594 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603462 AU - New Jersey Transit AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RAIL ROLLING STOCK COST CONTAINMENT STUDY PY - 1990/09 SP - 246 p. AB - Over the past decade, the New Jersey Transit Corporation (NJ Transit) has purchased/overhauled approximately $375,000,000 of rail rolling stock. Statistics show that cost of a railcar since 1972 has grown by 400 percent. NJ Transit selected the contract area of General Provisions and the attendant Terms and Conditions (T&C) clauses for their cost containment study. The purpose of this project was to critically review T&C clauses and to determine whether savings could be realized if certain contractual requirements (T&C clauses) were removed or modified. This report provides NJ TRANSIT with recommendations and strategies regarding T&C modifications that bring about cost savings without jeopardizing the substance of the necessary protection. Twenty-two commonly used T&C clauses were identified from a review of 5 NJ TRANSIT contracts as having potential for change that might reduce the bid cost for railcar procurements. This report discusses and defines the T&C clauses that could affect the cost of rail rolling stock purchases; establishes cost estimates for those clauses; identifies cost-escalators associated with each clause; provides a qualitative cost comparison of T&C clauses in a specific NJ contract against like clauses in other NJ contracts and other transit authorities; and suggests cost-saving approaches. Certain clauses (Buy America, Using Disadvantaged Business Enterprises, and Cargo Preference) were not included in this study. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Contract administration KW - Contract clause review KW - Contract terms KW - Contracting KW - Contracts KW - General provisions study KW - New Jersey KW - Procurement & maintenance KW - Railcar cost containment KW - Rolling stock KW - Survey of manufacturers KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349334 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610592 AU - Drain, M C AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HEAVY RAIL TRANSIT SAFETY 1989 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1990/09 SP - 36 p. AB - The Heavy Rail Transit Safety Annual Report is a compendium and analysis of heavy rail transit accident and casualty statistics reported by the thirteen heavy rail transit systems in the United States during 1989, under UMTA's Safety Information Reporting and Analysis System (SIRAS). KW - Crash reports KW - Crash severity KW - Injuries KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit KW - Safety KW - Safety and security KW - Safety programs KW - Statistics KW - Transportation safety KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355781 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608254 AU - Fravel, F D AU - Hayes, E R AU - Hosen, K I AU - Ecosometrics, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Community Transportation Association TI - INTERCITY BUS FEEDER PROJECT PROGRAM ANALYSIS PY - 1990/09 SP - 187p AB - Following the passage of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982, intercity carriers used their increased regulatory flexibility to discontinue many underutilized rural and small city services. This loss in service to rural areas, documented in a number of studies, created an awareness of the need to devise a system that would allow rural areas to be connected with the remaining intercity service. The Greyhound Rural Connection Program, together with the Intercity Bus Feeder Project of the Community Transportation Association of America, have created to design and implement a means of linking existing rural public transportation services with those of the intercity carriers. This report describes and analyses the present status of that program. KW - Bus routes KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Bus transportation KW - Bus transportation (Intracity) KW - Intercity bus lines KW - Intercity transportation KW - Intercity travel KW - Needs assessment KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5589/794.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351739 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00608599 AU - Barnes, K E AU - Urbanik, Thomas AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AUTOMATED TRANSIT RIDERSHIP DATA COLLECTION SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT AND USER'S MANUAL. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/09 SP - 37 p. AB - Transit providers must regularly collect ridership data not only for planning pruposes but also to maintain federal funding. Traditionally, ridership data has been collected using paper and pencil and then coded into a database manually. The extensive amounts of data that this task can generate and the possibilty of coding errors represents an obvious environment for the application of automated information processing. Several automated data collection systems were reviewed and one was purchased. It was field tested and implemented at Citibus, the transit system in Lubbock, Texas. After careful evaluation, it was concluded that a more integrated, user-friendly data collection was necessary. This report documents the capabilities and operating instructions for the automated data collection system that has been developed. The package consists of three integrated programs, MAKESTOP, RIDER and TRSS, which require one portable or laptop computer and one desktop PC. The minimal cost of the hardware and the frequency at which data must be collected make it unfeasible for the formation of an "equipment pool" for transit agencies to borrow from. KW - Automation KW - Data collection KW - Hardware KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Software UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351403 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605485 AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transp AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE NINTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PY - 1990/09 SP - 238 p. AB - This report consists of transcriptions from the sessions of the subject conference, held in October 1989 in San Antonio, Texas. This biennial conference is one of the premier technical sessions held on the topic, and covered the full range of topics associated with rural transportation. Session included material on marketing, coordination, private sector contracting, drugs, safety/risk management, fare policy, vehicle specifications, vehicle maintenance, legal issues, and insurance. Profiles of the five systems receiving UMTA Administrator awards at the conference are also included. KW - Conferences KW - Laws and legislation KW - Marketing KW - Rural areas KW - Rural highways KW - Safety KW - Technology KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation technology UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6600/6624/842.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/350006 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603215 AU - Greater Bridgeport Reg Plng Agency AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INTER-DISTRICT EXPRESS BUS FOR MAJOR EMPLOYERS AND RESIDENTIAL CONCENTRATIONS PY - 1990/09 SP - 122 p. AB - This study identifies residential concentrations and major employment sites in the Greater Bridgeport Planning Region, and develops a network of express service with support of shuttle bus feeder system from two suburban towns to serve major employment corridors in southwestern Connecticut. The study focuses on coordination of existing public transportation systems' schedules with the proposed express routes. Recommendation resulting from the study pinpoints the interim pre-implementation actions of a comprehensive coordinated transit program. The ever-growing number of private automobile users (excluding car/van poolers) commuting back and forth to work on congested highways demands creative means to attract commuters to public transit. KW - Automobile drivers KW - Bridgeport (Connecticut) KW - Coordination KW - Express service KW - Feeder buses KW - Management KW - Modal diversion KW - Public transit KW - Scheduling KW - Suburbs KW - Transit management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349223 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602489 AU - Schneider, J B AU - Xiong, Y AU - University of Washington, Seattle AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF AN EMPLOYER-BASED RIDESHARING INFORMATION AND MAPPING SYSTEM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/09 SP - 72 p. AB - New methods of supporting employer-based commuter assistance programs in suburban locations are investigated. All are designed to provide customized information and maps for employees to help them more clearly understand their work-trip ridesharing options. The purpose of providing this assistance is to encourage drive-alone employees who live near each other to try a ridesharing mode by removing or diminishing some of their misconceptions about their various ridesharing options. A proactive approach is outlined that can be used by any suburban employer (or group of employers). First, maps that show where employees live are prepared and clusters of employees who live near each other or along a direct route to the workplace are identified. Then, a meeting of these employees is held and those interested are provided with customized information that describe their ridesharing options in some detail. A microcomputer program called the Ridesharing Information and Mapping System (RIMS) has been developed to help the employer's Transportation Coordinator gnerate these customized materials quickly and with minimal expense. The data and learning requirements of the program have been minimized to the extent possible. A User's Guide and a Programmer's Guide have been prepared to assist the learning and operation of the program. The program has been demonstrated to several employers in the Seattle region and their reactions to it catalogued. Several recommendations for extending and enriching this decentralizd employer-based approach are identified. KW - Commuter service KW - Computer programs KW - Employee participation KW - Employers KW - Information systems KW - Mapping KW - Microcomputers KW - Ridesharing KW - Suburbs KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344722 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602532 AU - Drain, M C AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HEAVY RAIL TRANSIT SAFETY 1989 ANNUAL REPORT: SAFETY INFORMATION REPORTING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM (SIRAS) PY - 1990/09 SP - 36 p. AB - The Heavy Rail Transit Safety 1989 Annual Report is a compendium and analysis of heavy rail transit (RRT) accident and casualty statistics reported by 13 heavy rail transit systems in the United States during 1989, under UMTA's Safety Information Reporting and Analysis System (SIRAS)--Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART), Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (GCRTA), Metropolitan Atlanta Regional Transit Authority (MARTA), Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), Metro Dade County Transit Agency (MDTA), Mass Transit Administration of Maryland (MTA), New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA), Port Authority Transit Corporation (PATCO), Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation (PATH), Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority (SIRTOA), and Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). SIRAS is a voluntary safety reporting system developed by UMTA in cooperation with the American Public Transit Association (APTA) and the RRT systems operating in the U.S. Since its implementation in 1983, the operating RRT systems have been reporting transit safety data to UMTA on a monthly basis. New reporting threshold were established in 1986. Up to 4 transit data reports are submitted: Statistical Data Report, Train Accident Report, Casualty Report, and a Fire Report. All systems submit a monthly Statistical Data Report containing the total number of car miles and number of passengers in the reporting month. KW - Casualties KW - Crashes KW - Fatalities KW - Fires KW - Injuries KW - Rapid transit KW - Safety KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344737 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601249 AU - Blake, S AU - National Association of Regional Councils AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INNERCITY MINORITY TRANSIT NEEDS IN ACCESSING SUBURBAN EMPLOYMENT CENTERS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/09 SP - 22 p. AB - As a result of changes in the location of employment center to suburban areas over the last several years, transit agencies and planning organizations have failed to address the issue of transit accessibility for potential inner-city employees to these newly created job opportunities. This shift in the location of employment centers has significantly affected inner-city minority individuals access to employment opportunities because of the difficulty in obtaining transit service to suburban job sites. The opportunity for private sector involvement, including disadvantaged (including women-owned) business enterprise, in providing access for inner-city minority transit users to suburban job lcoations has tremendous potential. It is apparent that these newly created jobs are drawing from a talent pool that is located within the employment centers respective suburban jurisdictions and not from the inner-city or central business district. This project was to assess and address inner-city minority transit needs in securing suburban employment. This report will establish the extent of the problem, determine how they responded to the problem in four sites (Boston, Massachusetts; Hartford, Connecticut; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and St. Louis, Missouri), define the role of the regional council of governments in resolving the probelm, and provide a methodology and set of guidelines that minority and private sector individuals can use in establishing transportation services for inner-city residents. KW - Accessibility KW - Central business districts KW - Inner cities KW - Job opportunities KW - Minorities KW - Needs assessment KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Reverse commuting KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Transportation KW - Umta section 20 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344388 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601241 AU - Uher, R A AU - Carnegie Mellon Research Institute AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMMERCIALIZATION OF MAGLEV TECHNOLOGY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/08 SP - 63 p. AB - This report was generated under an UMTA grant through the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to the High Speed Ground Transportation Center of Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). The purpose and task put forth to CMU was to develop and commercialize the 1986 Boeing MAGLEV. During the period 1978-1985, UMTA invested nearly $8 million in the development of MAGLEV technology with the Boeing Company. CMU received the results of the Boeing technology through the UMTA grant, evaluated its use in high speed ground transportation, and concluded that this technology was not easily adaptable to high speed regional MAGLEV systems. After the transfer and evaluation of the Boeing technology, the focus of the CMU study changed from Boeing MAGLEV technology development to Americanizing and manufacturing foreign technology (German and Japanese), i.e., development of a MAGLEV industrial base in U.S. This report discusses recruitment of the public/private sector into a partnership and formation of the MAGLEV Working Group, which later became MAGLEV Inc. Drawings of conceptual MAGLEV regional systems are presented in this report, along with the Pittsburgh Regional MAGLEV project and its 3 objectives: a Pittsburgh regional MAGLEV industry; a private/public partnership to build and operate a regional system; and integration of the stops on the regional MAGLEV into nodes of economic activity. This report has 3 main sections: a paper titled "Role of High Speed MAGLEV in the Future U.S. Transportation System", by R.A. Uher; a paper titled "Report on the Preliminary Feasibility Study of Pittsburgh MAGLEV Project", by MAGLEV Working Group and a MAGLEV Bibliography by the Transportation Research Board TRIS Staff. KW - Bibliographies KW - Commercialization KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Magnetic levitation KW - New products KW - Privatization KW - Regional transportation KW - Suburbs KW - Transrapid KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344383 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602498 AU - Midwest Transportation Consortium AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE IMPACT OF ALTERNATIVE FUELS ON HAZARDS IN THE WORKPLACE. REPRINT PY - 1990/08 SP - 43 p. AB - Alternative fuels are being sought in efforts to comply with the Clean Air Act. However, the use of such fuels which are considered hazardous will require new and specific handling procedures, personnel and driver training programs and reporting procedures. Major topics discussed herein include: I. Review of Alternative Transportation Fuels; II. Methanol as a Fuel; III. Ethanol as Transportation Fuel; IV. Compressed Natural Gas as a Transportation Fuel; V. Liquefied Petroleum Gas as a Transportation FUel. KW - Air quality management KW - Alternate fuels KW - Buses KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Ethanol KW - Exhaust emission control KW - Exhaust gases KW - Fire fighting KW - Hazardous materials KW - Impact studies KW - Liquefied gases KW - Liquefied petroleum gas KW - Liquid petroleum gas KW - Methanol KW - Training KW - Work environment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344727 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603457 AU - DeShazo, Starek & Tang, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DOWNTOWN TRANSIT IMPROVEMENT PLAN PY - 1990/07/30 SP - 123 p. AB - This report addresses the mobility improvements attempt to strike a balance between projected demand for service and preserving many of the area's existing characteristics. In terms of funding these improvements, Capital Metro of Austin, Texas, should pursue coordination with the corridor development community and public agencies such as the City of Austin, to facilitate the implementation of transportation improvements as needed. Due to local economic conditions, it may be appropriate for Capital Metro to consider financial participation in a comprehensive mobility improvements package for the redevelopment corridor. KW - Cities KW - Downtown improvement plan KW - Mobility KW - People movers KW - Radial routes KW - Radials KW - Ridership KW - Routes KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349333 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605334 AU - Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A COMPREHENSIVE EXPRESS BUS SERVICE PLAN FOR NEW YORK CITY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/07 SP - 271 p. AB - New York City's express buses serve each of the City's 5 boroughs as well as Westchester, Long Island and New Jersey. They carry about 400,000 people daily to or from Manhattan. The study affirms the fact that express bus service in New York City is an important component of the region's public transit system. This study was initiated in October 1988. Its basic objective was to implement the key recommendations of the 1983-84 Express Bus Policy Study by developing a citywide comprehensive express bus service plan that would effectively integrate the various express bus services with one another and into the City's larger public transportation network. This study provides route specific service guidelines. Basically, the study aimed to develop a comprehensive express bus route plan that would guide, rationalize and expedite franchising and route approvals for public and private operators. This report documents the express bus service plan prepared for New York City. The plan shows on a borough-by-borough basis where new services should be provided, existing services restructured, and bus priorities should be implemented. KW - Bus transit operations KW - Employment KW - Express service KW - Guidelines KW - Level of service KW - Needs assessment KW - New York (New York) KW - Plan implementation KW - Public Broadcasting Network KW - Quality of service KW - Service patterns KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349894 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603211 AU - Turnbull, K F AU - Hanks, J W AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A DESCRIPTION OF HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE FACILITIES IN NORTH AMERICA PY - 1990/07 SP - 102 p. AB - This report presents a description of existing high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) facilities in operation either on freeways or in separate rights-of-way in North America. Up-to-date information is provided on the design, operations, enforcement characteristics, and current utilization rates for 40 HOV facilities in 20 metropolitan areas. The report includes general descriptions of each facility, maps showing the location of each facility, representative cross-sections and a series of tables containing detailed information on each project. Over the last 20 years a variety of priority measures for HOVs have been implemented throughout North America. While often differing in design and operation, HOV facilities are intended to help maximize the person-carrying capacity of the roadway. This is done by altering the design and/or the operation of the facility in order to provide priority treatment for HOVs. HOVs are defined as buses, vanpools, and carpools. A primary concept behind these priority facilities is to provide HOVs with both travel time savings and more predictable travel times. These two benefits serve as incentives for individuals to choose a higher occupancy mode. This in turn, can increase the person-movement capacity of the roadway by carrying more people in fewer vehicles. KW - Benefits KW - Bus transportation KW - Busways KW - Carpools KW - Design KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Incentives KW - Operations KW - Reserved lanes KW - Traffic lanes KW - Traffic law enforcement KW - Utilization KW - Vanpools UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/DHOVFN.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349221 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00746535 AU - Region XII Council of Governments TI - WESTERN IOWA TRANSIT SYSTEM BUILDING FEASIBILITY STUDY PY - 1990/06/29 SP - 13 p. AB - The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate alternatives which will provide the Western Iowa Transit System (WITS) with a facility that will suit its current and future space needs, allow for greater efficiency, and decrease the vehicle storage and maintenance costs. The study is presented in two sections. The first is an inventory of current conditions. Included is a description of WITS and its operations, a look at space currently used, and advantages and disadvantages of the present situation. The second section looks at constructing a new facility with cost comparisons. The figures are based on the needs identified in section one. A suggested floor plan is also presented. KW - Cost control KW - Cost reduction KW - Facilities KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Public transit KW - Storage facilities KW - Vehicle storage UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/473060 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00664661 AU - Stone, J R AU - Gardner, B J AU - Moerz, A M AU - North Carolina State University, Raleigh AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - North Carolina Department of Transportation TI - GUIDED BUS: AN ADVANCED BUS TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RESEARCH TRIANGLE PY - 1990/06/26 SP - 114 p. AB - As suburbs grow into cities it becomes more difficult to find or preserve high capacity transportation corridors. One solution is to use low volume or abandoned rail corridors for public transportation. Testing the technical feasibility of such solution in the Research Triangle area is the focus of this report. The North Carolina Railroad between Raleigh and the Research Triangle Park serves as the case study corridor, and several configurations of guided bus, light rail, express bus, and ride sharing are examined on the basis of cost, performance, safety, design features, etc. It should be noted, however, that ridership estimates are not made, thus, operational success cannot be fully determined. Project software for modelling travel time, guideway geometry, grade crossing hazards, capital and operating costs for assumed levels of ridership is available from the McTrans Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-2083. KW - Bus transportation KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Guided buses KW - Light rail transit KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405377 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639210 AU - City University of New York AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - METRANET METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION NETWORK PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES IN THE NEW YORK METROPOLITAN AREA. PHASE II - VOLUMES 1,2, AND 3 PY - 1990/06 AB - The final report is divided into three volumes. Volume I provides an overview of the METRANET Project, 1989-1990. In addition, it includes the names of those persons who presented at the Forums/Conference, a copy of the respective Forum/Conference agendas, and a list of attendees at each event. Volume II provides the general proceedings of each of the four METRANET Forums/Conferences. Volume III is an alphabetical compilation of the private transit operators. Included is a summary of the private operators as well as a detailed breakout of the operators by County or Borough and by mode. KW - Bus transit KW - Conference programs KW - Conferences KW - New York (State) KW - Paratransit services KW - Private enterprise KW - Taxicabs KW - Vans UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382013 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611359 AU - Comsis Corporation TI - GUIDEBOOK FOR PLANNING SMALL URBAN AND RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMS, VOLUME 2 PY - 1990/06 SP - v.p. AB - This section of the workbook, Volume 2, provides information on the need and approaches to involve the local community in planning efforts and the opportunities to promote ridership and build a constituency through community involvement; it provides a step-by-step description of how to plan and implement transportation systems in a community; it also provides description of methods that can be used to monitor system performance. KW - Manuals KW - Public participation KW - Ridership KW - Systems analysis KW - Transportation system management KW - Umta section 18 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56422/guideforplannin9108unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357747 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00611358 AU - Comsis Corporation TI - GUIDEBOOK FOR PLANNING SMALL URBAN AND RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAMS, VOLUME 1 PY - 1990/06 SP - v.p. AB - This guidebook was prepared to aid local service providers through technical assistance to New Mexico Section 18 programs. The guidebook is to be used by both existing program operators to improve or modify their operations, and by other communities to determine local needs and develop new programs. The guidebook has been structured to present information in a logical planning sequence. Each chapter builds upon information in the previous chapter. In addition, a general guidebook appendix is included. Each chapter also includes a separate chapter appendix which includes any worksheets, information or reference materials pertaining to that particular chapter. KW - City planning KW - Community action programs KW - Guidelines KW - New Mexico KW - Public transit KW - Small scale transit systems KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 18 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56421/guideforplannin9107unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357746 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00643966 AU - Acurex Corporation TI - COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CLEAN FUELS. PROJECT PLAN PY - 1990/06 SP - v.p. AB - The objective of this project is to perform a comparative evaluation of clean fuels for use in transit buses. The evaluation encompasses all aspects of transit bus operations that could be affected by the use of clean fuels. The end result of the project is to identify, evaluate, and recommend Orange County Transit District's choices for conversion of their transit bus fleet to clean fuels. The scope of the project includes evaluation of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), compressed natural gas (CNG), and methanol/Avocet in six new Model 40TB96 Gillig Phantom coaches. Two coaches will run on each fuel for a target period of revenue service of 4 years. The Cummins Model L10 turbocharged engines are specially modified compared to the diesel fuel versions as required for three clean fuels. During the program, engine upgrades, including complete engine changeouts to improve performance, will be encouraged. Cummins will provide onsite technical support during the project. The evaluation includes fueling facility operations and performance, as well as fuel economics. Project activities for all tasks are described; project organization is presented; work breakdown is shown along with an outline of the work items for project accomplishments; project schedule and the work statement, task by task is also provided. The appendices include a preliminary field evaluation plan and the preliminary emissions test plan. KW - Clean fuels KW - Compressed natural gas KW - Emissions testing KW - Engine modification KW - Field tests KW - Fuel conservation KW - Liquefied petroleum gas KW - Measurement KW - Methanol KW - Pollutants KW - Transit buses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/388665 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00637776 AU - List, G AU - Mirchandani, P AU - Turnquist, M AU - Technology Sharing Program TI - LOGISTICS FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION: SCHEDULING, ROUTING AND SITING. FIRST YEAR INTERIM REPORT PY - 1990/06 SP - v.p. AB - The Phase I (first year) results of a two-year research project on the logistics of hazardous materials transportation are reported. The project involves the development of decision support systems that can help decision-makers, public and private, improve the management of hazardous materials logistics (including that for radioactive wastes). The areas of principal concern are: the routing of hazardous material and waste shipments, the scheduling of these shipments, and the siting of the facilities that process or treat the wastes. Once developed, these decision-support systems will (1) help shippers obtain good, normative solutions to their logistics problems and (2) advise public agencies regarding the impacts of policy decisions, regulations, etc. Chapter 1 provides a project overview. Chapter 2 reviews the state-of-the-art on risk analysis, routing, scheduling, and siting for hazardous materials and wastes. Chapters 3 and 4 present material developed as a result of Task 1 efforts. Task 1 called for routing-scheduling model development and application. Chapter 3 presents a multiobjective routing model that explicitly considers the probabilistic aspects of hazardous materials transportation: probabilistic travel times and probabilistic nature of hazardous materials accidents. A case study using the Albany, New York, metropolitan area is presented. Chapter 4 describes how time-of-day restrictions on special links, and regulations on allowable modes of cargo may be incorporated into the multiobjective routing model of Chapter 3 to both schedule and route hazardous material shipments. Again a case study is presented based on the Albany, New York, metropolitan area. Chapter 5 presents the results of Task 2 efforts. Task 2 called for routing-siting model development and application. KW - Albany (New York) KW - Case studies KW - Crashes KW - Decision making KW - Hazardous materials KW - Hazardous materials transportation KW - Logistics KW - Mathematical models KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Probabilistic analysis KW - Probability KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Regulations KW - Regulations (Hazardous materials) KW - Restrictions KW - Risk analysis KW - Routing KW - Scheduling KW - State of the art studies KW - Support systems KW - Transportation KW - Travel time UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381981 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00676797 AU - Bi-State Metropolitan Planning Commission TI - MAINTENANCE FACILITY FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR GREATER RIVER BEND SERVICES, INC. PY - 1990/06 SP - v.p. AB - Great River Bend Services, Inc. of Davenport is the regional transit system designated by local officials under Iowa law to serve the portions of the area not served by urban transit systems. In addition, Great River Bend provides contractual paratransit services for three of the four urban transit systems in the area. A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of a vehicle storage area, office, and maintenance facility for the system. This report presents the results of that study with a finding that purchase/construction of such a facility would be feasible for Great River Bend with federal capital assistance through the Section 3 grant from the Federal Transit Administration and possibly with assistance from the Iowa Department of Transportation. It was determined, based on the assumptions used for the study, that a facility with office, maintenance and storage functions at a single site represented the most cost-effective alternative for the Great River Bend transit operations. KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Iowa KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Regional transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/423195 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639217 AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - REPORT ON FUNDING LEVELS AND ALLOCATIONS OF FUNDS REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE U.S. CONGRESS PY - 1990/06 SP - 83 p. AB - This is the annual report called for under Section 304 of the Federal Mass Transportation Act of 1987. This provision added to Section 3 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act a new subsection 3(j) entitled "Report on Funding Levels and Allocations of Funds". Section 3 is the discretionary capital grant program of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration. With respect to allocation of Section 3 funds, the 1987 Act also added a new subsection 3(k) which specifies that of the amounts available for fiscal years 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990 and 1991. This report is a collateral document to the proposed Fiscal Year 1991 Federal Budget as submitted by the President. It is meant to be a constructive element in the administration of the urban mass transportation program, enriching the information exchange between the executive and legislative branches at the beginning of the appropriations cycle for the next succeeding fiscal year. KW - Annual reports KW - Budgeting KW - Federal budgets KW - Federal government KW - Financial analysis KW - Fund allocations KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380593 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601239 AU - Lee, Jong Jae AU - Weaver, P AU - University of Kansas, Lawrence AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT FOR RURAL AND SPECIALIZED TRANSIT SYSTEMS. GUIDE TO DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION PY - 1990/06 SP - 128 p. AB - This report affirms that quality of service and cost-efficient delivery of service are two of the most important goals of a rural or specialized transportation program. The overall goal of the maintenance management program is to improve safety and contribute to cost-effective, systematic, and interruption-free transit operation, as well as to extend vehicle life for systems. The stated objectives include: step-by-step procedures for establishing a comprehensive maintenance program; recommendations for preventive maintenance; guidelines for determining replacement schedules; and procedures for monitoring vehicle performance. The purpose of this 10 chapter manual is to provide a guide to transit managers and maintenance personnel to develop a comprehensive maintenance management program for rural transit systems. The intent is to assist maintenance managers in developing an adaptive program for rural systems within the framework of available resources. The manual is a self-instructional guide with step-by-step procedures for implementing a comprehensive equipment maintenance program. It is supported with a videotape highlighting key components of equipment maintenance design for rural agencies, and a microcomputer software package developed as a companion to the procedures outlined. Use of the videotape is explained in How to Use Manual section of this report. The 3 appendices provide an Annotated Bibliography, Paratransit Vehicle Maintenance--A Maintenance Management Software Package, and a Video Script--Preventive Maintenance for Rural Transit. KW - Equipment maintenance KW - Maintenance management KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Manuals KW - Paratransit services KW - Preventive maintenance KW - Rural areas KW - Software KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance KW - Videotapes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344382 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602529 AU - Deloitte Consulting, Inc. AU - California Department of Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - GUIDELINES FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION CONTRACTING WITH THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN CALIFORNIA. MANUAL PY - 1990/06 SP - 410 p. AB - This manual has been designed to provide practical assistance to public transit agencies in California in contracting for goods and services with the private sector. It is also intended that the manual will assist private firms seeking to provide goods and services to public transit agencies. The manual provides an overview of each of the processes involved in procurement from preparation of procurement documents to contract management and evaluation. It also provides detailed, practical guidance on each of these processes. KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - Management KW - Manuals KW - Private enterprise KW - Procurement KW - Purchasing KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344735 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602530 AU - Lee, Jong Jae AU - Weaver, P AU - University of Kansas, Lawrence AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PARATRANSIT VEHICLE MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT (PVM) SOFTWARE PY - 1990/06 SP - n.p. AB - PVM is a vehicle maintenance management software package written for small paratransit agencies. Modules of the package include: vehicle histories (specifications, equipment, purchase price); preventive maintenance scheduling; vehicle repairs; and performance reports. PVM is written in DBASE III+TM programming language and compiled under the Wordtech Quicksilver TM compiler. The program is menu-driven and provides user-defined parameters. This PVM software accompanies the final report titled Equipment Maintenance Management for Rural and Specialized Transit Systems, June 1990, UMTA-KS-11-0004-90-1, and NTIS order no. PB91-104455. KW - Computer programs KW - Equipment maintenance KW - Ost university research KW - Paratransit services KW - Preventive maintenance KW - Rural areas KW - Software KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/345454 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00492361 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM. FY 1990 ANNOUNCEMENT PY - 1990/06 SP - v.p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration plans to award a limited number of grants in Fiscal Year 1990 to accredited institutions of higher learning to assist in carrying out research on problems, and to provide professional training, in the field of urban and rural transportation analysis, management and operations. Instructions to be followed in the preparation and submission of applications for participation in the FY 1990 program are contained herein. All applications must be received by 4:00 p.m. EDT, June 4, 1990. This FY 1990 booklet supersedes all prior announcement booklets. KW - Competition KW - Contracting KW - Financing KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Ost university research KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Research KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Training KW - Transit management KW - Transit services KW - U.S. Department of Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/306323 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00746536 AU - Southern Iowa Council of Governments TI - REGION XIV VEHICLE UTILIZATION STUDY PY - 1990/05/29 SP - 27 p. AB - The purpose of this study is to ensure that Southern Iowa Trolley is achieving equilibrium between efficiency and effectiveness in the operation of the transit system within Iowa Transit Planning Region XIV. Through better coordination of vehicle utilization, SIT will improve the delivery and effectiveness of service. This document focuses on the effectiveness, efficiency, utilization, frequency and routing aspects of the Southern Iowa Trolley fleet. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Frequency (Electromagnetism) KW - Level of service KW - Routing KW - Trolleybuses KW - Vehicle utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/473061 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622427 AU - Rosenbloom, S AU - University of Texas, Austin AU - Federal Transit Administration AU - Department of Transportation TI - DEVELOPING A COMPREHENSIVE SERVICE STRATEGY TO MEET A RANGE OF SUBURBAN TRAVEL NEEDS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/05 SP - 158 p. AB - This study was designed to: 1) identify promising non-traditional transit options which had been developed for highly suburban areas; 2) develop a methodology allowing transit operators a) to identify which non-traditional services might be appropriate for which areas given local demographic, land-use, and geographic factors, and b) to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of promising methods of non-traditional options; and 3) illustrate the use of the methodology on a case site--a sixty square mile low density area in the service area of the Capital Area Metropolitan Transit Authority of Austin, Texas. The Study Team found that 1) vanpooling for major employment concentrations and demand-responsive services in limited areas for non-work trips would be appropriate for the suburban development found in the sixty square mile Highway 183 Corridor, 2) appropriate non-traditional options would or do incur costs lower than Capital Metro's average cost/hour for fixed route bus service, and 3) several non-traditional alternatives could be implemented in the 183 Corridor with total subsidies at or below those required by conventional transit services. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Austin (Texas) KW - Case studies KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Methodology KW - Options KW - Public transit KW - Subsidies KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362935 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495341 AU - Nwokolo, B N AU - Grambling State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - REDESIGNING LOCAL TRANSPORTATION SERVICE FOR IMPROVED SUBURBAN MOBILITY--THE PROBLEM OF ACCESSIBILITY FOR THE ELDERLY AND LOW INCOME RESIDENTS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/05 SP - 124 p. AB - This report sorts through the myriad issues surrounding suburban mobility for the tri-cities of Monroe, Ruston, and Grambling, Louisiana. The research also probes the issues of the accessibility of transportation services for differing socioeconomic groups of the tri-cities. An empirical investigation showed the extent of transportation problems and existing mode of transportation for the target areas. A linear programming technique for optimum assignment of limited mass transit resources was demonstrated. A procedure for assigning a dollar amount for not providing transportation services for the elderly and the economically disadvantaged captive riders was also demonstrated. Results of the research analysis further showed that a potential market exists for both public or private mass transit new providers for the target area. With suburban traffic conditions worsening in recent years, the study postulated that the land use and physical design characteristics of the suburban workplaces have directly contributed to the decline in suburban mobility by inducing most employees to drive alone to work. Results of the empirical investigation obtained tends to support the above proposition for the study area. The report concluded by listing a number of work-significant improvements in suburban mobility at the local level. Finally, the research findings were used to characterize the phenomenal suburban mobility problem of other cities across the nation with similar suburban characteristics as the research target areas. KW - Accessibility KW - Aged KW - Design KW - Linear programming KW - Low income groups KW - Mobility KW - Public transit KW - Redesign KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305526 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496854 AU - Walther, E S AU - North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COORDINATION OF RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SERVICES IN THREE SOUTHEASTERN STATES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/05 SP - 142 p. AB - This study examines eight coordinated Section 18 transportation systems in the states of Alabama, Georgia and North Carolina. In-depth case studies of each system examine the processes which developed the existing coordinated system and the operational and financial aspects of the existing system. Additionally, coordination efforts at the state level are examined in all three states. The report also examines what constitutes coordination and suggests three operative definitions of the term. Case studies are provided which explore system specifics which illustrate each of the suggested defiintions. KW - Alabama KW - Case studies KW - Coordination KW - Georgia KW - North Carolina KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Social service agencies KW - Umta section 11 KW - Umta section 18 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310398 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496825 AU - Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT CONTRACTING SERVICES STUDY (TRANSIT PRIVATIZATION) PHASE I. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/05 SP - v.p. AB - The Transit Contracting Services Study is a detailed examination of the Niagara Frontier Transit Metro System, Inc. (NFT Metro) operations and the Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority (NFTA) support functions that could reasonably be performed by private enterprise contractors at lower costs than present NFT Metro and NFTA costs without sacrifice of quality or efficiency, and in compliance with Federal and State rules, regulations, and guidelines pertaining to transit operation and the maintenance of eligibility to receive grant funds. Purposes of the study include: compliance with Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) policy regarding private sector participation, as promulgated in the Federal Register (51 FR 3306) on January 24, 1986 and further refined by UMTA Circulars C7010.1 and C7005.1, issued December 5, 1986; implementing the Federal policy to establish procedures and evaluation criteria for NFTA/NFT Metro compliance with the privatization policy with respect to transportation services, maintenance services, and support services; and pursuing the procedures to the extent necessary to determine the functions that will be accomplished in the new facility, and therefore the spce needed, for a replacement of NFT Metro's aging Cold Spring Shop facility. It is not directed to all aspects of the UMTA policy which covers private sector participation, only to contracting of services. KW - Compliance KW - Contracting KW - Government policies KW - New York (State) KW - Policy KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Transit services KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/312379 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495339 AU - Khasnabis, S AU - CHAUDHRY, B B AU - Wayne State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATIZATION OF TRANSIT SERVICES BETWEEN SUBURBAN COMMUNITIES IN THE DETROIT METROPOLITAN AREA: A MARKETING APPROACH. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/05 SP - 192 p. AB - Widely dispersed travel patterns in metropolitan centers and increasing operating expenses along with serious financial problems to public transportation agencies generated this research study. The purpose of this research was to develop a testing procedure for privatizing transit services between suburban centers in large metropolitan cities. The Detroit metro area was selected as the case study site for this proposed methodology since it represented the changing urban structures and dispersed travel patterns of contemporary metropolitan areas in the U.S. Basically, the research approach centered around 4 major elements: Market identification; Assessing private provider interest; Matching markets with providers; and Development of operating plans. A methodology incorporating these 4 elements was developed, documented and applied to the Detroit suburban area, focusing mainly on travel demands between suburban communities in the three-county Detroit metro area. The research analysis resulted in a total of 53 candidate markets, and narrowed down to 14 potential markets by two independent priority ranking procedures. Matching of provider interest with merged multiple markets resulted in the identification of 5 viable sectors where privatizing transit services appeared feasible. This report provides a list of references, the Private Provider Survey, and numerous charts ranging from revenue and operating expenses, to worktrips, ridership and population, to market groups, service rankings, growth factor data, farebox revenue data and other. KW - Case studies KW - Demand KW - Detroit (Michigan) KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Matching KW - Mobility KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management KW - Travel patterns KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305524 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01595735 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Urban Mass Transportation Industry Uniform System of Accounts and Records and Reporting System Data for the 1990 Section 15 Annual Report PY - 1990/04 SP - 222p AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) Section 15 program helps meet information needs in planning for public transportation services and making investment decisions at the Local, State and Federal levels. The goal is to provide an accurate and validated transit information database in a timely manner. Since the information collected in this program will effect public policy for many years, your cooperation to provide accurate data is essential. The enclosed reporting forms were designed to help you report as easily as possible while establishing uniformity. The forms record information in several areas. The initial series of forms, the 000 series, establish a basic agency profile. The 100 series summarize financial information and detail the origin and amount of an agency's capital assistance public funding. The 200 series capture information on operating revenues as well as operating assistance from public sector sources. The 300 series of forms are expense reports. The 400 series collect various non-financial operating data such as service levels, maintenance, safety, and vehicle inventories. KW - Annual reports KW - Data reporting KW - Forms (Documents) KW - Transit operating agencies KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56637/urbanmasstranspo00unse_1.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397913 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610675 AU - Metropolitan Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE/EXPERT SYSTEM RESEARCH STUDY PY - 1990/04 SP - v.p. AB - The objective of this project was to design and develop an expert system application that would facilitate the scheduling and assignment of Long Island Rail Road on-board personnel or conductors, based on crew availability and union contractual agreements. The research included selection of Expert Systems, software, the assignment of a work team to the development effort, and the review of the crew dispatching functionality for integration into key components of the Expert System's Knowledge Base and Inference Engine. The selection of the Crew Dispatching function for a pilot expert system was made because this functionality is a major element of the MTA transportation operation. To the work team's knowledge, there are no other companies in tje transportation industry which has developed expert systems for the function. KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Control systems KW - Crews KW - Information processing KW - New York (New York) KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Scheduling KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357729 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496815 AU - Pachler, F T AU - Porcelli, R AU - Jordan, R L AU - Lederer, B A AU - Materials, Communication & Computers, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS: 1986 REPORT YEAR. ANNUAL REPORT. 5TH EDITION PY - 1990/04 SP - 181 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of the United States' public transit systems for the 1986 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 Reporting System. This report is intended to complement the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics: Section 15 Annual Report issued by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration since 1980. That report contains aggregate transit statistics, but focuses principally on the finances and operations of individual transit systems. By contrast, the Compendium provides a national, policy-oriented perspective, highlighting aggregate financial and operational characteristics. In this report, national transit industry financial operational characteristics are illustrated through use of 1) graphics designed to emphasize key transit industry patterns, 2) policy relevant statistics and aggregations, and 3) trend information incorporating statistics from the Section 15 database 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985 and 1986. These characteristics are examined in three chapters: Chapter I--Financial Statistics; Chapter II--Operational Statistics; and Chapter III--Performance Measures. The report also includes an introduction designed to acquaint readers with the statistics and alert them to issues affecting their use. KW - Data collection KW - Databases KW - Financing KW - Public transit KW - Statistics KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 15 KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310375 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495335 AU - Fleishman, D AU - Connors, M AU - Pearson, J AU - White, G AU - Multisystems, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINANCIAL PLANNING GUIDE. FINAL REPORT. APRIL 1990 REVISED EDITION PY - 1990/04 SP - 209 p. AB - The Financial Planning Guide for Transit presents the details of the overall financial planning process and the procedures that make up the process. It is designed to aid public agencies and private parties in the preparation of comprehensive and realistic financial plans--for new capital investments, recapitalization efforts, and the ongoing operation of existing services. The major elements of the Guide are: definition of the financial planning process; identification of how cost and revenue projections are developed for financial planning purposes; and description of the development and implementation of a financial plan, including discussion of market financing mechanisms and requirements, how dedicated revenue sources and market financing programs are developed, the development of financing packages, and performance of financial capability analysis. The Guide has been designed to be useful both in meeting UMTA's planning and reporting requirements (e.g., in demonstrating financial capacity) and in guiding local agencies in evaluating and addressing their own financing needs either in providing the local match to federal funds or in developing sufficient financing to proceed without federal funds, if such an approach is considered feasible. KW - Estimating KW - Finance KW - Financial planning KW - Governments KW - Guides KW - Guides to information KW - Implementation KW - Investments KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Revenues KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305520 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00494901 AU - Tucci, J AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1989 STATISTICAL SUMMARIES: GRANT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM PY - 1990/04 SP - 95 p. AB - This report presents statistical summaries of UMTA's Grant Assistance Program. Grant assistance to the providers of local mass transportation began with the passage of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964. A total of $3.5 billion in grants was awarded during fiscal year 1989, raising the grand total of assistance to $52.7 billion. Of the $3.5 billion awarded, 74 percent was programmed for capital purposes; 24 percent for operating expenditures; and the remaining 2 percent for planning assistance. Excluding Stark-Harris grants, the largest urbanized areas with populations over 1 million received 79 percent of the total grant funds obligated during FY 1989. This Statistical Summaries report presents selected data on the distribution and use of various Formula and Discretionary program funds. These programs are the main source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas. Data was compiled from the captal, operating and planning assistance grants awarded in FY 1989 to transit authorities, states, metropolitan planning organizations, and other units of local governments. The statistical data charted-out in this report apply to the following UMTA programs: Programs financed by the Mass Transit Account of Highway Trust Fund (Sections 3, 8, 16(b)(2), 9B); Programs financed by General Funds (Sections 9, 18, Interstate Transfer); Programs financed by the Highway Account of the Highway Trust Fund (FAUS); and Special Appropriation (Section 75, Stark-Harris). KW - Discretionary funds KW - Finance KW - Formula funds KW - Grant aid KW - Public transit KW - Statistics KW - Transit operators KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305357 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00627835 AU - GLH Incorporated TI - ADVANCED FARE PAYMENT MEDIA PY - 1990/03/10 SP - 48 p. AB - The purpose of the research was design and development of advanced fare payment media, including smart cards, that are cost effective and meet the changing needs of transit systems in the 1990s. This report includes sections discussing in detail: the research objectives; research work carried out; research results obtained; and estimates of technical feasibility. The final section explores some initiatives that have been undertaken in relation to possible future activities. KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Fare prepayment KW - Fta section 8 KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Payment KW - Small business KW - Smart cards UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/368834 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610950 AU - Laird, N L AU - Laird and Associates TI - SUCCESSFUL CONSENSUS BUILDING FOR PUBLIC - POLITICAL - FINANCIAL SUPPORT: CASE STUDY OF THE HOUSTON METRO EXPERIENCE PY - 1990/03 SP - 86 p. AB - UMTA encourages appropriate local and state financial support for urban mobility to reduce local dependence on scarce Federal transit resources. Successful consensus building is critical to the local and state funding of transit programs. In the fall of 1986, Houston's Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas, (METRO) was facing a growing disenchantment in the community and among Houston state legislators for its alleged arrogance, wasteful spending, growing bureaucracy, and inability to formulate a long-range plan to submit to the voters for approval. The purpose of this study was to document how METRO's local one percent sales tax funding base in the state legislature and earned local voter approval on a $2.6 billion long-range rail mobility plan. KW - Communities KW - Community action programs KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Public opinion KW - Public relations KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/355920 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602531 AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF DEMAND RESPONSIVE PARATRANSIT SERVICES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/03 SP - 57 p. AB - This report documents the work accomplished in the study and prescribes the recommended paratransit system for the Town of Huntington, in Suffolk County, New York. The objective of the study was to develop a plan for improving public transportation services within the Town of Huntington. The focus was on alleviating existing service deficiencies in the most cost-effective manner through use of integrated demand-responsive services, coordinated with the Town's fixed-route bus service known as Huntington Area Rapid Transit (HART). The main thrust of the study was to identify the potential users (elderly & handicapped, commuters) of paratransit services and to analyze use of private sector operation of new services. The study indicates the benefits of such services to the community. Basically, the report outlines the parameters for and sets in motion the implementation of such a service. KW - Aged KW - Commuter service KW - Coordination KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Guidelines KW - Implementation KW - Integrated transportation systems KW - Long Island Rail Road KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344736 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00497136 AU - Horwat, J W AU - UTDC Incorporated AU - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF A STEERABLE TRANSIT TRUCK. FINAL PROJECT REPORT PY - 1990/03 SP - 213 p. AB - This program was initiated as the result of the findings of the WMATA wheel wear/track wear study. Because of the close wheel/track tolerance and flange profile, WMATA noted a wear rate in both wheel and track which was several times higher than anticipated. Because earlier studies of a steerable truck concept had never been completed, WMATA requested UMTA assistance to complete the evaluation. The program objective was to design, analyze and recommend a steerable truck retrofit to the Washington Metro Rockwell trucks. The design features two-point, body-to-axle steering and replacement of the axle bearing rubber sleeve and end cap with an axle bearing box, top mount and laminated rubber/steel sandwiches. Steering input is by lever and push/pull rods. The brake housing-to-sideframe mountings are modified to ensure maximum pad/disc contact area. The incorporated design was computer analyzed mathematically for performance with respect to dynamic stability and curving ability. The results of the analyses define a stable vehicle within the dynamic envelope of the WMATA system and flange-free curving ability on curves of radii above 500 feet. Because of the large design change at the sideframe/axle interface, a finite element stress analysis was performed resulting in the requirement for a preliminary design sideframe reinforcing cap to be welded to the sideframe. KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Development KW - Noise control KW - Noise reduction KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Steerable trucks KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Wear KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310565 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496824 AU - Urban Mobility Corporation AU - Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission AU - Montgomery County Planning Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE CONSHOHOCKEN/WEST CONSHOHOCKEN AREA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/03 SP - 48 p. AB - New developments with office space, a hotel and retail space in the Conshohocken/West Conshohocken area are estimated to generate some 5,400 trips in the morning peak time period and some 6,000 trips in the evening. Adding these estimates to trips generated by other developments in the surrounding areas will increase average daily traffic by 200-350 percent by the year 2011. In order to prepare for this increase and alleviate some of the traffic congestion which will result, solutions in the form of transportation demand management were sought in addition to building off-ramps. Major topics: Part I: Recommended Transportation Management Plan; Part II: The Conshohocken Area TMA; and Part III: Implementation Plan. KW - Activity centers KW - Development KW - Incentives KW - Off ramps KW - Parking facilities KW - Peak hour traffic KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Real estate development KW - Ridesharing KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation management associations KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management KW - Umta section 3 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Walking distance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310380 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666312 AU - Ribbens, W B AU - Rizzoni, G AU - Yu, T L AU - University of Michigan, Ann Arbor AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - APPLICATION OF FAILURE DETECTION AND ISOLATION THEORY TO ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED DIESEL ENGINES PY - 1990/02 SP - 53 p. AB - The study investigates the application of failure detection and isolation theory to commercial truck electronics, with the aim of improving the overall safety and reliability of electronically controlled subsystems in commercial vehicles. The study is subdivided into three parts: (i) a literature review and analysis; (ii) the development of original analytical tools for the design of fault detection strategies which apply to electronically controlled heavy duty diesel engines; and (iii) the demonstration of the feasibility of fault detection strategies by way of computer simulation of an electronically controlled diesel engine. The feasibility of detecting incipient degradation in the performance of an electronically controlled heavy-duty engine is demonstrated, and a methodology is suggested for application in advanced emission controls and diagnostics for commercial vehicles. KW - Air quality management KW - Commercial vehicles KW - Detection and identification technologies KW - Diagnostic tests KW - Diesel engine diagnostics KW - Diesel engines KW - Electronic control KW - Failure KW - Failure detection KW - Fault location KW - Isolation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405844 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647127 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - NORTHWEST TENNESSEE HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM, MARTIN, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 34 p. AB - Northwest Tennessee Human Resource Agency (NWTHRA) operates in nine counties in Northwest Tennessee. During FY 1988, the transportation program provided 110,081 one-way trips. The 1980 population base for this nonurbanized service area was 228,600. Presently, NWTHRA is relying on the Section 18 program of FEA and Tennessee DOT funding for app. 60.5% of its FY 1990 transportation budget, local governments provide 24.8% of the budget. The program operates both in a demand-responsive mode and on semi-fixed routes. The program operates 27 vehicles, 25 are standard 15-passenger vans and 2 are equipped with wheelchair lifts. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387065 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647128 AU - Stammer, R E AU - Vanderbilt University TI - MID-CUMBERLAND HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. MID-CUMBERLAND REGIONAL TRANSIT SYSTEM, NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE PY - 1990/02 SP - 62 p. AB - The Mid-Cumberland Human Resource Agency (M-CHRA) operates in 12 counties in middle Tennessee. The Mid-Cumberland Regional Transit System (RTS), the transportation program of M-CHRA, provides for the trips in these counties. The 1980 nonurbanized population in these 12 counties was estimated to be 258,119. The Mid-Cumberland RTS is a coordinated/consolidated rural public transit system operating demand-responsive, fixed-route, and rideshare services in these 12 counties. The goal of the program is to enhance the access of persons residing in nonurbanized areas for medical, shopping, business, nutritional, educational, employment, and recreational purposes. Service is also provided to residents of these 12 counties who must travel to Davidson county on a regular basis, primarily for health related reasons. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Regional transportation KW - Ridesharing KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387066 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647131 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - UPPER CUMBERLAND HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. CUMBERLAND AREA RURAL TRANSIT SYSTEM, ALGOOD, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 49 p. AB - The Upper Cumberland Human Resource Agency (UCHRA) operates in 14 counties in middle Tennessee. The 1980 nonurbanized population of these counties was estimated to be 187,692. The goal of the Upper Cumberland Area Rural Transit System (UCARTS) is to enhance access of persons residing in nonurbanized areas for purposes of health care, shopping, recreation, public services, and employment. Priority is given to medical needs. All UCARTS services are available to the general public. Approximately 75% of the services delivered are fixed-route and 25% are demand responsive. Most services are scheduled between 8 am and 4:30 pm, and demand-responsive service is provided with a 24-hour advance notice. UCARTS operates 32 vehicles in regular daily service; total fleet consists of 49 vehicles, 11 of which are part of a Vanpool Program to provide commuter transportation to work. A base fare of $0.50 per trip is charged. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Regional transportation KW - Rural transit KW - Special service KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387069 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647124 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - SOUTHEAST TENNESSEE HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM, DUNLAP, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 37 p. AB - The Southeast Tennessee Human Resource Agency (SETHRA) rural transportation program operates in nine counties in southeast Tennessee. The system provided 126,867 trips in FY 1988; the 1980 nonurbanized population of the nine counties was 197,192. SETHRA, an original 147 demonstration project funded in 1973, will rely on funding from the Section 18 program of FEA and the Tennessee DOT for most of its funding. All services are available to the general public. Contract riders are served with regular fixed-route services; route deviations are made to accommodate other individuals with a 24-hour advance notice. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Public transit KW - Routing KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387062 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647125 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - SOUTHWEST HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM, HENDERSON, TENNESSEE. (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 58 p. AB - The Southwest Human Resource Agency (SWHRA) operates in eight counties of Southwest Tennessee. The SWHRA transportation program provided 144,592 units of service (trips) during FY 1988. The 1980 nonurbanized population of these 8 counties was 120,920. SWHRA carries about 43 wheelchair trips per month. All services are available to the general public. Contract riders are served with a regular, fixed-route service. Route deviations are made to accommodate additional riders; 24-hour advance notice is requested. In practice, SWHRA attempts to satisfy all requests of service. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387063 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647121 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - EAST TENNESSEE HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. DIAL-A-RIDE, KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 50 p. AB - The East Tennessee Human Resource Agency (ETHRA) operates a modified demand-responsive transportation service in 16 counties in East Tennessee. The transportation service, known as Dial-A-Ride, provided 122,276 trips in FY 1988. The 1980 nonurbanized population of the counties served was 330,545. Of this figure, 17.47% was over the age of 60. The service is available to the general public; designated routes to serve most clientele have been developed and publicized in each county. These routes are crucial for both economic reasons and for providing services to as many clients as possible. Passengers telephone the local county office 24 hours in advance to schedule a trip. Demand-responsive trips generally operate within a five-mile radius of the local county office. KW - Aged KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Paratransit services KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387059 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647129 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - METROPOLITAN INTER-FAITH ASSOCIATION. RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM, MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 29 p. AB - Metropolitan Inter-Faith Association (MIFA) operates an integrated public transportation system for 100,465 citizens in the nonurbanized areas of the Memphis-Delta region of southwestern Tennessee. MIFA's transportation program consists of three divisions: rural, senior, and escort; together these divisions provide close to $1 million worth of services. This documentation looks only at the rural component which receives assistance from the Tennessee Department of Transportation. All services are available to the general public. The system generally operates between 8 am and 4 pm; contract riders are served with regular fixed-route services; and demand responsive services accommodate individuals with a 24-hour advance reservation. MIFA owns 16 vehicles; 10 are operated exclusively by the rural transportation program while the other 6 are operated through third-party contracts. MIFA charges a fare of 50 cents per one-way trip. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387067 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647130 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - HANCOCK COUNTY. RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM, SNEEDVILLE, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1990/02 SP - 22 p. AB - The Hancock County Rural Transportation System (HCRTS) is a public not-for-profit transportation service of Hancock County, Tennessee. HCRTS operates exclusively for the citizens of Hancock County. The system was established in 1976 as one of the original rural transportation demonstration projects. In FY 1988, HCRTS provided 3,269 round trips. All services are available to the general public and are generally operated between 8 am and 4 pm five days per week. Riders are served via regular fixed-route services and/or demand-responsive services. HCRTS uses 11 vehicles; of these, two are owned by contractual drivers, three are used as commuter rideshare vehicles, and 6 are used in the daily public operation. The in-county fare is $3.00 per passenger per round trip. The fare for out-of-county trips is $5.00 per round trip. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Demonstration projects KW - Fixed routes KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387068 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647126 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - HAMILTON COUNTY WELFARE AND RURAL TRANSPORTATION SERVICES DEPARTMENT. HAMILTON COUNTY RURAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE PY - 1990/02 SP - 36 p. AB - The Hamilton County Rural Transportation System (HCRTS) is a public, not-for-profit transportation service of Hamilton County, Tennessee. HCRTS operates exclusively for the residents of Hamilton County residing outside the city limits of Chattanooga. During FY 1989, HCRTS provided 22,378 trips. The program relies on the Section 18 program of FEA and the Tennessee DOT for about 36% of its budget. In addition, HCRTS contracts with Senior Neighbors and Hamilton County Nursing Home Day Care for daily service between a client's home and the congregate meal site or nursing home. Service is also provided for Medicaid patients. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee KW - Wheelchair lifts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387064 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496814 AU - GAKENHEIMER, R AU - Humphrey, T F AU - Allen, J G AU - Ostler, J AU - Hsu, A AU - Massachusetts Institute of Technology AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INTERGOVERNMENTAL DIFFERENCES IN SUBURBAN TRANSPORTATION POLICY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/02 SP - 91 p. AB - There are almost always conflicts in the effort to alleviate suburban congestion. Vested interests are different among pro-growth and pro-amenity towns, and between pro-growth towns and state agencies with limited highway budgets. This research examines four cases of suburban transportation planning in the Boston metropolitan area in an effort to identify ways of keeping development benefits and liabilities from being distributed in bulk win-or-lose quantities among the surrounding jurisdictions. Instead we look for ways to distribute benefits and disbenefits equitably. We conclude that the greatest contribution to solving this program could be state planning legislation that requires compatibility among local jurisdiction plans and between development and infrastructure supply. Such legislation is pending in Massachusetts and already enacted in certain other states. We recommend revenue sharing, transfer of development rights, incremental improvements to transportation networks, and other means by which costs and benefits could be distributed in divisible amounts. We recommend inclusive local coordinating communities that convene developers with local and state officials. KW - Boston (Massachusetts) KW - Case studies KW - Communities KW - Intergovernmental relations KW - Mobility KW - Ost university research KW - Public relations KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation policy KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - United States KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310374 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496823 AU - Brentwood Area Transportation Management Assn AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMMUTING IN THE BRENTWOOD AREA. A REPORT ON COMMUTING PATTERNS AND TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES PY - 1990/02 SP - 47 p. AB - The purpose of the report is to provide business, community leaders and local elected officials with information on traffic congestion and to also suggest ways to deal with it. Section 1 recommends a variety of transportation demand management strategies based on the results of the Employee Travel Needs Survey. Section 2, 3 and 4 discuss land use, population and employment trends and future highway and street capacity. Section 5 presents study findings on commuting patterns and employee travel perceptions in the Brentwood area. Section 6 discusses the potential for specific future alternative commute modes and transportation demand management (TDM) incentives. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Brentwood (Tennessee) KW - Commuters KW - Employee participation KW - Employment KW - Incentives KW - Land use KW - Needs assessment KW - Population movements KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation KW - Travel demand management KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310379 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495334 AU - Margulies, N AU - BAKER, J AU - University of California, Irvine AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPARISON, CONTRAST, AND CRITIQUE OF FOUR COMMUTER COORDINATION SYSTEMS PY - 1990/02 SP - 464 p. AB - The purpose of this review is to establish a general understanding of the concept of organizational effectiveness by summarizing major models of effectiveness presented in literature, and to specify a useful framework for analyzing organizational effectiveness in the 4 commuter coordination systems documented in this report. This study examined operations at four commuter coordination organizations in California. Interviews with individual and small groups were conducted with members of all levels of the organizations in San Diego, Sacramento, Orange County and the Los Angeles area. Respondents provided qualitative and quantitative information on the region and the history of the agency, the services offered, and the structure and culture of the organization. The strengths and weaknesses of each organizational form were analyzed and speculated on the future of the organization as well as the commuter coordination function. A model of interorganizational relationships was developed as a result of the interviews and this model was employed to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each organizational form and to generate an ideal type for future rideshare organizations. Legislation legitimizing the commuter coordination service was found to be a critical factor in the ability of the agencies to impact their environments. The numerous appendices in this report provide reference documents related to ordinances, vanpool license and maintenance requirements, tips to make ridesharing work, air quality planning, demand management plans, night rider and student ridesharing plans, and others. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - California KW - Carpools KW - Commuter service KW - Coordination KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Ordinances KW - Ridesharing KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305519 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495340 AU - Kuzmyak, J R AU - Schreffler, E N AU - Berman, W AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATION OF TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT (TDM) MEASURES TO RELIEVE CONGESTION PY - 1990/02 SP - 155 p. AB - This report summarizes the results of a research study to investigate the effectiveness of travel demand management (TDM) programs. The investigation consisted of evaluating existing TDM programs throughout the U.S. Most of the programs examined are primarily employer-sponsored and site specific. These programs vary in size, setting, motivation and accomplishments. Additional programs featured in this report include TDM in a central business district setting and in freeway corridors. Together, all the TDM programs presented comprise a fairly representative cross section of contemporary experience with TDMs. The study directly measured the quantitative impact of the TDM programs on reducing low-occupancy vehicle trips. Each program was evaluated as a separate case study (using the same set of evaluation tools and guidelines). Vehicle volumes and mode choice evaluations of the programs were prepared whenever data was available. Comparisons were made and inferences drawn between sites that do have a TDM program and sites that do not. The report presents these case studies as well as overall conclusions on the impact that TDM has on reducing the number of low-occupancy vehicle trips. KW - Case studies KW - Employers KW - Evaluation KW - Mitigation KW - Ridesharing KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic mitigation KW - Travel demand management KW - Vehicle occupancy UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305525 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619655 AU - Murphy, M J AU - Battelle Memorial Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - METHANOL USE TRAINING MANUAL. CLEAN AIR PROGRAM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/01 SP - 36 p. AB - The Federal Transit Administration Alternative Fuels Initiative (AFI) and the Environmental Protection Agency's 1991 regulations on transit bus exhaust emissions has resulted in a number of alternative fueled transit bus demonstrations. There were approximately 60 buses in revenue service using neat methanol fuel (M-100) in 1989. Since the chemical and physical properties of methanol are significantly different than for diesel fuel, a training program was needed. The purpose of this program was to inform transit employees of the characteristics of methanol and to instruct them in the proper use and handling of the new fuel in various operations. The training manual has been used in training transit personnel at Seattle Metro, Riverside Transit Agency, Triboro, Southern California Rapid Transit District and Denver-Regional Transportation District. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Buses KW - Clean Air Act KW - Fta section 6 KW - Manuals KW - Methanol KW - Training KW - Training devices UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/17000/17000/17094/PB2000108012.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361919 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603463 AU - New York Metropolitan Transportation Council AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A CHOICE OF DIRECTION. VOLUME 1: A STRATEGIC PLAN FOR WESTCHESTER COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION - 1990-1992 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. VOLUME 2: MAIN REPORT PY - 1990/01 SP - v.p. AB - A strategic plan is a framework for future resource allocations and deployments; it provides a method to assess an agency's capability to meet future demands. Strategic planning is also viewed as a management tool for anticipating changes, maintaining program effectiveness, and positioning an agency to respond to changing conditions. The purpose of this strategic plan is to define Westchester County Department of Transportation's goals and objectives and to develop strategies through which they can be achieved. This report was designed to assist the DOT and policymakers in responding to new trends and opportunities. This strategic plan report is organized into 8 basic chapters: Environmental Assessment, Mission Statement, Strategic Development, Action Plan, Fiscal Affairs, Planning and Evaluation, Passenger Service and Surface Transportation. Although this strategic plan is specific to Westchester County, it is a good example of what a strategic plan could or should look like. KW - Action plan/management tool KW - Decision making KW - Employment KW - Environmental impact analysis KW - Environmental risk assessment KW - Ground transportation KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Passenger service KW - Public transit KW - Regional transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Strategic planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351613 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495338 AU - American Public Works Association AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - STATE AND LOCAL HIGHWAY TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES PY - 1990/01 SP - 233 p. AB - This directory brings together training resource data as reported from technology transfer centers, state highway agencies, professional organizations, universities and the Federal Highway Administration. It gives specific information on available training resources on bridges, drainage, engineering, equipment, management, other resources, road surface, roadside, safety, subgrade, traffic control and winter. KW - Bridges KW - Directories KW - Drainage KW - Engineering KW - Equipment KW - Management KW - Natural resources KW - Roadside KW - Rural technical assistance program KW - Safety KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Surface course (Pavements) KW - Technology transfer KW - Traffic control KW - Training KW - Winter UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305523 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601251 AU - Abrams-Cherwony and Associates AU - Philadelphia City Planning Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CENTRAL DELAWARE RIVERFRONT PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION STUDY PY - 1990/01 SP - 14 p. AB - Development along the Central Delaware Riverfront generated this study. The study focuses on the role that public transportation plays in providing mobility to and from as well as within the waterfront. This report documents a public transportation plan for the growing Delaware River waterfront in the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It recommends service improvements that can be staged to accommodate growth on the waterfront; identifies current services, service extensions; and new services directed toward developing this pattern. The study recommends specific public transportation services. An implementation guide also is defined for those in a position to activate this plan. KW - Delaware KW - Development KW - Implementation KW - Mobility KW - Public transit KW - Real estate development KW - Recommendations KW - Transit services KW - Waterfronts UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344389 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00492330 AU - Farkas, Z A AU - Odunmbaku, A AU - Ayele, M AU - Morgan State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LOW-WAGE LABOR AND ACCESS TO SUBURBAN JOBS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1990/01 SP - 100 p. AB - Concerns about relocation of jobs to suburbs, high unemployment among low-wage inner-city labor, reverse commute transportation services, and the concentration of poverty in major American cities generated this study. This research focuses on the problem of matching unemployed inner-city labor with suburban job opportunities in the Baltimore metropolitan area (6-county study). The study objectives were to examine transportation factors constraining low-wage city labor from commuting to suburban jobs, to examine available reverse commute transportation to employment at suburban activity centers, and to provide recommendations for improving accessibility to these centers. The study methodology relied on the administration of surveys, statistical analysis of survey results, traffic simulation data, and review of local studies and regional commuting and economic trends. Employment, commuting and suburban trends in the area are discussed and charted-out along with activity center accessibility analysis and employer survey results. The report discusses the survey of Baltimore City low-wage unemployed residents and quantifies the relationship between commuting and labor force characteristics. This 100 page report provides conclusions and policy recommendations regarding labor mobility, employment, and reverse commute transportation services. The study findings state that transit travel times and costs in Baltimore City severely constrain commuting to suburban jobs by low-wage city labor, that suburban activity centers are inaccessible, and that the availability, quality, and speed of reverse commute transportation have been worse than for suburb-to-city commuting. KW - Accessibility KW - Activity centers KW - Baltimore (Maryland) KW - Low income groups KW - Ost university research KW - Reverse commuting KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Socioeconomics KW - Suburbs KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Unskilled labor KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/304161 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00491456 AU - Rodano, E M AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PROGRAMS: FISCAL YEAR 1989 PROJECT DIRECTORY PY - 1990/01 SP - 62 p. AB - This Directory contains brief descriptions of Technical Assistance and Safety projects initiated during Fiscal Year 1989 by the Office of Technical Assistance and Safety (UTS), Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Its purpose is to inform the public and especially the transit industry of the nature and scope of work underway to assist State and local agencies in improving services and reducing the cost of public transportation. Under the Technical Assistance and Safety Program, assistance is provided in a broad range of disciplines, including Suburban Mobility Initiatives, Mobility Enhancement, Public/Private Partnerships, Human Resources Management, Managerial Training Grants, University Research and Training, Rural Transportation, Rail Modernization, Transportation System Initiatives, Safety and Security, and University Transportation Centers. KW - Directories KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - Mobility KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Suburbs KW - Technical assistance KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/303669 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070675 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Colma BART station AA, San Mateo County : environmental impact statement PY - 1990///Volumes held: Draft, Final KW - California KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830060 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00740394 AU - Vuchic, V R AU - Kikuchi, S AU - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia AU - Mid-Atlantic Universities Transportation Center AU - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority TI - RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF GREEN LINE SUBWAY OPERATION PY - 1990 SP - 97 p. AB - Radial travel between West Philadelphia and Center City is served by the Blue Line, five streetcar routes known as the Green Line (subway-surface), and several bus routes. The five streetcar routes converge at 40th and 36th Streets and enter a single subway tunnel which joins the alignment of the Blue Line at 33rd Street and follows it to the City Hall. The subway section provides the Green Lines with full separation from external influences, but its operation is unreliable because of the high frequency created by the joint operation of different routes which run the streets. Heavy passenger volumes, particularly during the peak hours, tend to propagate delays which not only delay passengers in the tunnel, but also disturb schedules of all five lines. The purpose of this project is to analyze present operations of the Green Line in the subway and develop solutions to the operational problems, so that the great potential of the subway for high performance and an attractive level of service for passengers can be fully realized. KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - Performance evaluations KW - Railroad transportation KW - Streetcars KW - Subways UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/573396 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00666434 AU - Spephanedes, Y J AU - University of Minnesota, Minneapolis AU - Minnesota Department of Transportation TI - TRANSIT SYSTEM MONITORING AND DESIGN PY - 1990 SP - 159 p. AB - Statistical techniques were developed for extracting the most significant features (indicators) from a transit system database, and classifying proposed and existing transit systems according to the selected features. The database was constructed by using information from all previous years available by the Mn/DOT, the Census and other sources to be used in classifying transit systems. The database emphasized the use of raw characteristics of the operating system and the area socioeconomics. The feature extraction was done so that the minimum number of features were extracted that can be used for classifying the transit systems with maximum accuracy. The classification method was designed around the database at minimum cost. The transit system patterns, resulting from the classification method, were identified according to need and performance, and the main characteristics were specified for each pattern. These characteristics and descriptions identifying each pattern determine whether it should be modified. A controlled experiment was required to test the classification method. A randomly selected part of the data was classified by the method, and then the unselected data was treated as a control group for the experiment. After the experiment a percent of misclassifications was calculated. KW - Classification KW - Databases KW - Information management KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - System design KW - Systems management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/405929 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603466 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INFORMATION ON THE COMPETITIVE SERVICES PROGRAM AREAS PY - 1990 SP - v.p. AB - The Competitive Services package presents information on the competitive program areas of UMTA's Office of Technical Assistance and Safety. It provides an overview of the Competitive Services Demonstration Program including efforts to ease private sector participation in the delivery of transit services. The program objectives are: to compare operating and capital costs of contracted services with costs of public transit operators; to determine whether the quality of service or efficiency of operation for contracted service changed as a result of the contracting process; and to determine the institutional conditions that will support the successful replications of the private service contracting activities in other settings. Since 1986, UMTA has awarded grants for demonstrations of competitively bid transit service contracting in 10 cities (Minneapolis MN, Des Moines IA, Little Rock AK, Cincinnati OH, Los Angeles CA, Miami FL, New Orleans LA, Cobb County GA, Pittsburgh PA, Laurel MD, Snohomish WA, and Austin TX). This package presents information on the structure and evaluation of the 10 demonstrations. Information is provided on UMTA's initiative to support implementation of the Private Sector Participation Policy Guidelines issued in 1984. Planned activities under the Competitive Services Demonstration Program include evaluating current and ongoing demonstrations, sponsoring additional demonstrations, performing case studies of "success" stories, and performing new studies. This package is available from UMTA's Office of Technical Assistance and Safety. KW - Case studies KW - Competition KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - Information on program areas KW - Institutional issues KW - Mobility KW - Operating costs KW - Private enterprise KW - Quality of service KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351614 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610716 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - George Mason Univeristy TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REGIONAL MOBILITY, NOVEMBER 7-9, 1990 PHOENIX/CHANDLER ARIZONA. SUMMARY OF CONFERENCE RESULTS, FINDINGS, AND PRESENTATIONS PY - 1990 SP - v.p. AB - The topic of the second National Conference on Regional Mobility was: Demand Management: Making It Work. The conference included three major addresses: the keynote address, "UMTA's Commitment to Demand Management Strategies", was delivered by UMTA Administrator Brian W. Clymer; County Commissioner Michael S. Hightower of Fulton County, Georgia discussed: After the Interstates, then What?; and Minnesota State Commissioner of Transportation Leonard Levine described what he called a "world-wide transportation revolution" now in progress. The panel discussion topics included: Regional mobility: the perspective on solutions; Regional mobility: the perspective on national trends; Public sector organizational solutions to demand management; Private sector organizational solutions to demand management; Building constituencies for demand management; Land use planning and transportation strategies; Application of information technology; and Innovative facilities and services. KW - Governments KW - Mobility KW - Private enterprise KW - Regional transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357730 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00602528 AU - COX, W AU - LOVE, J AU - American Legislative Exchange Council AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MOVING AMERICA COMPETITIVELY. A STATE LEGISLATORS' GUIDE TO THE PRIVATIZATION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PY - 1990 SP - 110 p. AB - Moving America Competitively is a State Legislator's Guide to the Privatization of Public Transportation. The paper addresses the public funding problems of State and Local governments. It states that through privatization, governments can maintain present level of services without increasing taxes. Privatization accomplishes this by incorporating competitive incentives into the production of public goods and services under full governmental control. This paper consists of 3 major sections: Privatization and the Public Purpose; Privatization in Public Transit; and Conclusions designated as Serving the Public Equitably and Efficiently. KW - Case studies KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - Cost control KW - Entrepreneurs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - General service businesses KW - Impact fees KW - Joint development KW - Privatization KW - Public transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344734 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601240 AU - Ryan, J R AU - Emerson, D J AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROCEDURES AND TECHNICAL METHODS FOR TRANSIT PROJECT PLANNING. UPDATE 1990 PY - 1990 SP - v.p. AB - Project planning is a critical step in developing transit capital improvements. It focuses on a specific transportation need, identifies alternative actions to address the need, and generates the information needed to select an option for implementation. The effort addresses such issues as costs, benefits, environmental impacts, and financing to support project selection. This report documents a project planning guidance manual for fixed guideway transit projects referred to as alternative analysis--a key part of the UMTA process for advancing rail and busway projects for the past 10 years. This guidance is specifically designed for state and local agencies considering the implementation of fixed guideway transit projects--new rail systems, rail extensions, busways and the like--with UMTA Funds. The guidance may also be of interest to officials anxious to understand the federal perspective on major investments and the type and amount of work to be done by their staff and consultants to satisfy UMTA's alternative analysis requirements. This report is divided into 3 major parts: Major Capital Investment Planning Process; Conduct of Technical Analysis; and The Decisionmaking Process. The manual also contains appendices that bring together the most important regulations, policy statements, and other project planning information including a sample outline of an Environmental Impact Statement. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Capital KW - Capital improvements KW - Environmental impacts KW - Financing KW - Fixed-guideway transit KW - Guidelines KW - Improvements KW - Project planning guide KW - Rail transit KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta circular 7008.1 KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/345410 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496818 AU - Project ACTION AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROJECT ACTION'S COMBINED RESEARCH FINDINGS PY - 1990 SP - v.p. AB - This ACTION (Accessibility of Community Transportation in our Nation) package consists of the tabulation of interviews from Project ACTION's Steering Committee Members and other experts and the tabulation of survey responses from Project ACTION's Resource Council members. It presents an overview of the most critical accessibility needs identified by researchers; information on successful accessibility programs from around the country including innovative initiatives; insight into the views of disability advocates and transit practitioners about accessible transportation and abstracts of previous research uncovered as a result of a review of accessibility literature. KW - Accessibility KW - Data collection KW - Innovation KW - Interviewing KW - Literature reviews KW - Marketing KW - Needs assessment KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Public participation KW - Public transit KW - Surveys KW - Training KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 18 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/312376 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00494905 AU - Public Private Transportation Network AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A GUIDE TO SUCCESSFUL TRANSPORTATION SERVICE CONTRACT MONITORING PY - 1990 SP - 20 p. AB - Guidelines are given for setting up a good contract, selecting a contractor and monitoring the contractor to see that services are provided and the contract is followed. Contents include: Introduction; Monitoring Means-Exception Basis; Costs; Contractor Self-Monitoring; and Summary. KW - Contracting KW - Guidelines KW - Monitoring KW - Private enterprise KW - Procurement UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305361 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634156 AU - Southern California Rapid Transit District TI - SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA RAPID TRANSIT DISTRICT COMPREHENSIVE ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE POLICY, EFFECTIVE DECEMBER 21, 1989 PY - 1989/12/21 SP - 18 p. AB - The purpose of the policy is to provide specific guidelines for employees and management as to (1) deterrence from use of drugs and abuse of alcohol; (2) detection of users; (3) rehabilitation od users; and (4) the procedures and standards for enforcement of the policy including the responsibilities of managers and emplyees. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Drug abuse KW - Employees KW - Guidelines KW - Law enforcement KW - Management KW - Policy KW - Southern California Rapid Transit District UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374651 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00603456 AU - Abrams-Cherwony and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority TI - CAPITAL METRO FIVE-YEAR SERVICE PLAN PREPARED FOR CAPITAL METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY PY - 1989/12 SP - 88 p. AB - This report documents a 5-year service plan for Austin, Texas. It presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority bus services operating in the region. The study objective was to prepare a service plan that addresses the provision of new services and lays out a process for monitoring performance of the current system. The study focuses on regular bus route services of Capital Metro and excludes specialized transit services (STS) and downtown DILLO services. A separate plan for transit service in downtown Austin, which includes DILLO services, is being addressed in a separate study titled Downtown Transit Improvement Plan. KW - 5-Year service plan KW - Austin (Texas) KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Austin, Texas) KW - Employment centers KW - Improvements KW - Monitoring KW - Paratransit services KW - Performance monitoring KW - Ridership KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349332 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495333 AU - Community Transportation Association AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A DIRECTORY OF UMTA-FUNDED RURAL AND SPECIALIZED TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1989/12 SP - 370 p. AB - This directory is a product of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's (UMTA) Rural Transit Assistance Program (RTAP). The directory is organized alphabetically by state; within each state, agencies are listed alphabetically by agency name. The 4,409 listings include all agencies providing rural public transportation funded through Section 18 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended, and all nonprofit agencies receiving capital assistance for transportation of the elderly and handicapped under the UMT Act's Section 16(b)(2). The listings are based on information provided by the states between December 1988 and October 1989. Agencies providing transportation with Sections 18 and 16(b)(2) are listed along with service type, fleet size and service area. A larger profile of the community transportation industry is being prepared separately as a companion report to this directory. KW - Aged KW - Directories KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Roadside rest areas KW - Rural areas KW - Rural transit KW - Rural Transit Assistance Program KW - Special service KW - Umta section 16(B)(2) KW - Umta section 18 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305518 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00492328 AU - Rogness, R O AU - Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRAINING COURSES FOR SMALL URBAN AND RURAL TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT. VOLUME 1 PY - 1989/12 SP - 128 p. AB - The objective of this project was to develop training materials for small urban and rural transit managers and conduct a series of pilot workshops on microcomputer applications to familiarize them with microcomputer use. This 2-volume report documents the training materials developed and used in both workshops. The series of application areas and software demonstrations were targeted for the rural and very small urban managers who had little staff assistance or were unable to attend national conferences because of funding, distance or staffing. Volume 1 documents the rural transportation management workshop. The course covers vehicle selection, vehicle routing and scheduling, hands-on introduction to computer experience along with demonstrations and usage of application programs. Volume 2 presents training materials developed for small urban transit managers and transportation providers. Applications areas were selected to illustrate basic transit needs. Additional microcomputer features, useful to managers, were also presented such as software programs and reference materials. KW - Curricula KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Microcomputers KW - Ost university research KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Small cities KW - Software KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Transit management KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/304159 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605393 AU - Windham Regional Planning Agency AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - VOLUNTEER PARATRANSIT - A DEMONSTRATION PROJECT - UMTA SECTION 4 (I) GRANT PROGRAM PY - 1989/12 SP - v.p. AB - This report describes a year-long effort to persuade commuters to transport elderly and handicapped paratransit passengers as part of their daily trips to school or work. One incentive for volunteers to participate was to have been a charitable tax deduction for mileage, which at the time the project was conceived was to have been available to 100 percent of taxpayers during the demonstration year. The project was proposed and carried out by a Connecticut regional planning agency which shares an office and staff with the regional transit district. The demonstration was conducted with funds from local sources and the UMTA 4(i) innovative transportation program. The Windham Regional Planning Agency's hopes for the project were not realized, states the report. Despite an extensive recruiting effort which included direct solicitation at trip destinations, newspaper and radio publicity, paid newspaper and radio advertising, and free listings, only two potential volunteers responded. Neither had routes and schedules which could be matched to the trips of the Dial-A-Ride clients it was hoped to transport. Reasons volunteers were not willing to perform this service, WRPA suggests, may include unwillingness to drive with someone who might prove uncongenial, unanswered questions about liability, irregular schedules, or length of commitment, and lack of incentives under tax reform for taxpayers who do not itemize. The Agency concludes that a future attempt to involve volunteers in paratransit might choose to recruit from retirees or the handicapped, who are closer in age or circumstances to those they are asked to assist. KW - Aged KW - Commuters KW - Innovation KW - Innovative transportation program KW - Mileage KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Taxation KW - Umta section 4 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Volunteers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/351660 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00492329 AU - Rogness, R O AU - Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRAINING COURSES FOR SMALL URBAN AND RURAL TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT. VOLUME 2 PY - 1989/12 SP - 149 p. AB - The objective of this project was to develop training materials for small urban and rural transit managers/providers and conduct a series of pilot workshops on microcomputer applications to familiarize them with microcomputer use. This 2-volume report documents the training materials developed and used in both workshops. The series of application areas and software demonstrations were targeted for rural and very small urban managers who had little staff support or were unable to attend national meetings and conferences because of funding, distance or staffing. Volume 1 documents the rural transportation management workshop. Volume 2 presents training materials developed for small urban transportation managers and providers. Application areas were selected to illustrate basic needs. KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Microcomputers KW - Ost university research KW - Rural areas KW - Small cities KW - Software KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Transit operators KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/304160 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601243 AU - Shorter, R AU - Ammann, W C AU - Compex Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS. 1988 SECTION 15 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1989/12 SP - v.p. AB - This 1988 (and tenth) annual report summarizes the financial and operating data (FY 1988) submitted to the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) by the nation's public transit operators, pursuant to Section 15 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended. The document records transit industry statistics (nationwide) on the aggregate and individual transit system levels. Extensive data are provided for 468 of the nation's mass transit systems, including systems operated and/or administered by transit authorities, states, city departments and private operators. The report is organized into 3 chapters and 3 appendices. Chapter 1 contains an Introduction to the Section 15 reporting system and its relationship to the Section 9 program. Chapter 2 contains aggregate industry statistics derived from the complete Section 15 reports. Chapter 3 contains financial and operating data on the individual transit systems that submitted complete Section 15 reports. The 3 appendices in this report are: List of Transit Systems Sorted Alphabetically by States; 1980 Urbanized Areas (UZA) Codes, Populations and Densities; and a Glossary. All data in this report are for transit systems ending on or between January 1 and December 31, 1988. KW - Financing KW - Fleet management KW - Fleets KW - Formulas KW - Maintenance KW - Passenger miles KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Statistics KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 15 KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56480/nationalurbanma0601rhod_4.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/345411 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00494902 AU - Smerk, G M AU - Institute for Urban Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT INTERNSHIP PROGRAM AT INDIANA UNIVERSITY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/12 SP - 97 p. AB - The report describes the development of a student transit internship program at Indiana University. Expansion of an existing informal program involving only the Bloomington campus and a limited number of transit systems was aided by a Section 11(a) grant. The internship program was extended to eight campuses of Indiana University. Resumes received from 40 students and 17 transit systems indicated an interest in participating. The transit internship experiences of six students are summarized. The report identifies difficulties encountered in placing interns and provides recommendations for the development of successful internship programs. Financial constraints prevented several transit systems from participating in the project. There is a need for a cooperative effort between transit managers and university faculty members, the arrangements need to be long-term, and internship programs need to be properly structured by transit systems and academic institutions to provide a useful experience to the intern and to benefit the transit system. KW - Internships KW - Ost university research KW - Public transit KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305358 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485868 AU - American Legislative Exchange Council AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT PY - 1989/12 SP - 7 p. AB - The purpose of public transportation is service to consumers, including public transit riders and taxpayers. Thus far, public transit has addressed the means of service delivery as opposed to consumer service. A model state legislation, The Public Transportation Consumer Protection Act, would create a competitive environment in which both public transit agencies and private transportation providers are fairly considered for operation of services. It would also require that public transit agencies purchase services for no more than the competitive cost and that any savings be passed back to consumers in the forms of increased service levels, reduced fares and new facilities or reductions in subsidies. KW - Competitive bidding KW - Consumers KW - Costs KW - Fare reduction KW - Fares KW - Legislation KW - Level of service KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297616 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639243 AU - Ruiter, E AU - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - ADVANCED TECCHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT APPRAISAL PROJECT: FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/11 SP - v.p. AB - This is the final report of the Advanced Technology Appraisal Project to evaluate the impacts of the implementation of automated guideway transportation systems on their local areas and on the industry which supplies them. This report summarizes the project accomplishments, particularly focusing on documenting the "before" phase of the data collection required to evaluate the impacts of the downtown people mover (DPM) systems now operational in Detroit and Miami. Also, it presents the results of studies of the DPM planning and implementation processes in both cities, and proposes work plans for the completion of before and after impact studies in them. KW - Advanced public transportation systems KW - Automated guideway transit KW - Downtown people mover KW - Fta section 6 KW - Impact studies KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - People movers KW - Public participation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/382015 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639233 AU - Lomax, T J AU - Memmott, J L AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - THE COST AND BENEFITS OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSIT IN TEXAS PY - 1989/11 SP - 69 p. AB - This study affirms that urban public transit systems in Texas provide an alternative to the private automobile in 18 urban areas and generate significant benefits to the users, communities served and the Texas economy. The purpose of the study was to examine the role of urban public transport systems in Texas and associated cost and benefits of transit operations. The report summarizes and documents data collected from federal, state, and local planning and transit agencies - transit operations, ridership characteristics, transit and automobile trip patterns, and impact of transit on urban congestion levels - and describes transit's role in each system along with resulting costs and benefits. The appendices in the report provide transit system operating statistics, roadway and transit travel, and HPMS output for calculating motorist benefits on transit. The data in this report can be used by transit agencies in Texas to compare operations, service, ridership characteristics, mode share and impact of transit on roadway operation. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Congestion KW - Economic impacts KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Regional planning KW - Ridership KW - Traffic congestion KW - Urban transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380599 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639225 AU - Bullard, D L AU - Texas Transportation Institute TI - THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARD TRANSIT PROFILES FOR TEXAS PY - 1989/11 SP - 296 p. AB - An extensive amount of financial and operational data on the public transit systems of Texas is presently being published by a variety of governmental agencies and industry associations. However, the manner in which much of this data is collected and published reduces its potential usefulness to transit operators and planning agencies. In response to this problem, standard transit system profiles are developed for the 18 municipal systems of Texas. The transit system profiles were intended to include a range of financial, operational and performance variables in order to provide an overview of each system's characteristics. The development of these profiles will allow transit operators and planning agencies to: 1) monitor trends and evaluate changes in a transit system's performance over time,; and 2) compare the financial and operational performance of one agency with that of similar operations in the state. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Effectiveness KW - Efficiency KW - Fta section 8 KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Performance KW - Public transit KW - Quality of service UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380595 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00616079 AU - Perreault, P P AU - Smerk, G M AU - Indiana University, Bloomington TI - SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT TO TRANSIT INTERNSHIP PROGRAM AT INDIANA UNIVERSITY PY - 1989/11 SP - 74 p. AB - This is a supplemental report to the final report of the Transit Internship Program at Indiana University. The final report attempted to locate internships with transit systems for Indiana University students. This supplemental report provides statistical information on the extent of useage of internship in the transit industry and on managerial perceptions and experiences related to the employment of student interns. A questionnaire was mailed to 253 transit systems (106 useable responses/42 percent response rate). This report evaluates and charts out the responses to the internship survey, provides a summary of survey results and offers general recommendations for investing and improving programs. KW - Data collection KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Internships KW - Recommendations KW - Statistics KW - Surveys KW - Training KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/356938 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00607586 AU - Lomax, T J AU - Memmott, J L AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE COST AND BENEFITS OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSIT IN TEXAS. INTERIM REPORT PY - 1989/11 SP - 71 p. AB - This report summarizes data collected from the 18 urban public transit systems in Texas and other sources to describe the role of transit in each urban transportation system, and the costs and benefits associated with transit operation. Data pertaining to transit operation, ridership characteristics, transit and automobile trip patterns and the impact of transit on urban transportation congestion levels were analyzed for systems where information was available. The benefits of the transit systems in Texas were estimated in two areas. First, the benefits of transit in the six largest urban areas of reduced congestion, delay, operating costs, accidents, and fuel consumption were estimated for 1987 and projected to 1992. Second, using an input-output model, the benefits of expenditures by the 18 urban transit systems on income and employment were estimated. KW - Automobile travel KW - Benefits KW - Costs KW - Crashes KW - Data analysis KW - Employment KW - Estimates KW - Fuel consumption KW - Income KW - Input output models KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Operating costs KW - Projection KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Texas KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic delays KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/350852 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00492332 AU - Thompson, R E AU - Kangas, R AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE USE OF RADIOS IN RAIL TRANSIT OPERATIONS: VOLUME 2. TRANSIT AUTHORITIES RESPONSES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/11 SP - 150 p. AB - This study reflects UMTA's continuing efforts to ensure the safety of the nation's rail transit systems, and to be responsive to the National Transportation Safety Board's (NTSB) concerns about the use of radio communications in rail transit operations. The study addressed the NTSB recommendations to UMTA requiring operable radios for revenue service trains (R-86-39), and development of a Uniform Code of Operating Rules and Procedures for use by the rail rapid transit industry (R-86-40). The objective of the study was to provide UMTA with insight into current practices regarding NTSB recommendations, determine potential needs, and identify possible actions that UMTA might initiate in response to such needs. Volume 2 documents the 19 rail transit authorities' responses to the Volume 1 report that was distributed to them for information and review of the current status and needs of the operations radio systems used for each independent rail transit system they operate. Volume 2 documents the 19 rail transit authorities' responses in terms of the adequacy of present radio communications to safely support rail transit operations and a description of any existing plans for revisions to their radio systems; comments on NTSB recommendations R-86-39 and R-86-40; and comments on the findings and conclusions in Volume 1: A Review of Existing Practices. This report provides a listing of participants, a copy of UMTA's letter of solicitation, a table of rail transit radio survey topics, and the basic transit authority responses in their original form. KW - Communication systems KW - Data collection KW - Practices KW - Radio KW - Recommendations KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Surveys KW - Transit authorities KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/304163 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00491362 AU - TAMS Consultants, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE SHUTTLE BUS IN SACO, BIDDEFORD AND OLD ORCHARD BEACH, MAINE PY - 1989/11 SP - 67 p. AB - The purpose of this project was to assess current and future needs of the shuttle bus system and its users. Unlike other fixed-route public transportation systems in Maine, the shuttle bus has not experienced losses in ridership. It is delivering cost-effective services, operating with a minimum number of personnel, and paying-out below market rate wages to full-time drivers. The shuttle bus is a publicly-operated, fixed-route bus service operated jointly by 3 communities in Maine--Saco, Biddeford and Old Orchard Beach. The system operates through a memorandum of understanding between the 3 communities and has been in operation since 1978. This study consists of 4 parts: Evaluation of current services and operations; Development of a marketing program; Passenger survey and analysis; and a Five-Year Transportation Development Program. The shuttle bus system provides an important service to community residents. It is supported by farebox revenues and municipal funds. Although capital replacement needs are critical, it appears that the shuttle can meet vehicle replacement needs, maintain existing levels of service, and stabilize ridership and revenue with cost increases of about 5-8 percent annually. The study calls for an expanded effort to increase revenues through more aggressive marketing and increased federal/state funding. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Data collection KW - Fixed routes KW - Maine KW - Marketing KW - Needs assessment KW - Shuttle buses KW - Surveys KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/303620 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00491361 AU - Miller, J H AU - Pennsylvania State University, University Park AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SHARED-RIDE PARATRANSIT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION GUIDE PY - 1989/11 SP - 90 p. AB - Managers of shared-ride paratransit systems are being called upon to improve the cost-effectiveness of these services, and to provide a report card on the performance of paratransit systems to funding agencies, elected officials, and others to ensure that their funds are being wisely spent. This guide is designed to be a resource for shared-ride paratransit system managers to help them develop a performance procedure for their operation (private shared-ride taxi service, human service transportation system, or specialized-transit system operated by a public agency). The six-step performance evaluation procedure described in this report is applicable to rural and urban shared-ride paratransit systems. It can be used for 2 major purposes: to provide managers with performance indicators to diagnose and correct problems (internal management); and to allow constructive communication between system management and constituencies. This guide is organized into 4 sections. Section 1 (chapters 2-3) presents the theory and general framework of the performance evaluation methodology. Section 2 (chapters 4-5) presents data collection information including service-specific cost statistics. Section 3 (chapter 6) describes corrective actions to correct substandard performance; and the final section (chapter 7) presents a case study that applies the methodology to a typical system. To ease the comparison of the individual shared-ride system to similar systems, peer data from Pennsylvania and other States are presented in the appendix. A glossary of terms is also included in the appendix of this report. KW - Guides KW - Guides to information KW - Management KW - Ost university research KW - Paratransit services KW - Performance evaluations KW - Public transit KW - Ridesharing KW - Rural areas KW - Taxicabs KW - Transit management KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban areas KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56557/sharedrideparat0601penn_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/303619 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00607617 AU - Falbel, S M AU - Boston Metropolitan Planning Organization AU - Massachusetts Department of Public Works AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF COMMUTING IN GREATER BOSTON PY - 1989/10/26 SP - 67 p. AB - The purpose of this document is to demonstrate the demographic trends of the greater Boston area over the past four decades which underlie the pattern of commuting. The Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) Commuter Source Area used as the basis for this analysis is defined and trends in population, housing and employment in the defined area are examined as clues to the forces which underlie commuting patterns. It is hoped that this document will shed light upon the social and economic forces which shape the Boston region, thereby allowing transportation planners as well as land use planners better to examine policies so as to create the best possible and most efficient use of the available land and infrastructure within the constraints of a tight budget. KW - Boston (Massachusetts) KW - Commuting KW - Demographics KW - Land use planning KW - Policy KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel patterns KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/350880 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605332 AU - Ernst and Young Network Strategies AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK TECHNICAL STUDY PHASE II. LONG ISLAND RAIL ROAD TELECOMMUNICATIONS STRATEGIC PLAN PY - 1989/10/24 SP - 250 p. AB - This document presents the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) Communications Strategic Plan; it is Phase II of the LIRR Telecommunications Network Technical Study. The Phase I study--Telecommunications Network, Phase I, June 1988--addressed the status of LIRR voice, data and telemetry systems. This Phase II Strategic Plan begins with an updated discussion of the existing systems and combines this information with a profile of current or expected communications requirements to develop a telecommunications architecture for the LIRR. This document along with specific site equipment and traffic information, could serve as the basis for detailed design and implementation activities. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Electrowriters KW - Network architecture KW - Public transit KW - Railroads KW - Regional transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Signaling KW - Speech KW - Strategic planning KW - System design KW - Telecommunications KW - Transmission facilities KW - Umta section 8 KW - Voice communication UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349892 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639250 AU - New York State Legislature TI - CONTRACTING OUT: IS PRIVATIZATION THE PRESCRIPTION FOR EFFECTIVELY REDUCING THE COST OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUS OPERATIONS IN NEW YORK STATE? A DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE ISSUES PY - 1989/10 SP - 283 p. AB - Under provisions of a cooperative agreement with the Federal Transit Administration, the New York State Legislative Commission on Critical Transportation Choices conducted a study of the use of contracting to reduce the cost of private and public bus operations in the State of New York. To collect detailed information on the bus properties in the state, the Commission posted a 7-page questionnaire to 107 operators. The total number of respondents participating in the survey was 91, or a response rate of 85%. Findings were made relative to geographic location, fleet size, ownership, type of route services provided, operating costs, contracting practices, services and/or functions contracted for, reasons for contracting, experience with contracting, future contracting plans, and reasons for not contracting. KW - Bus drivers KW - Contracting KW - Cost control KW - Cost reduction KW - New York (State) KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Public transit KW - Questionnaires UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380614 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639211 AU - Washington, E J AU - Stokes, R W AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - LAND USE IMPACTS OF THE HOUSTON TRANSITWAY SYSTEM: SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1989/10 SP - 87 p. AB - The Houston Metropolitan area is implementing one of the most extensive HOV priority treatment networks in the nation. More than 36 miles of transitways (busways) are now operational and 59 miles are currently underway. Ultimately, the commitment to transitways may result in 100 miles of these facilities in operation at a total capital cost of approximately $700 million. The objectives of this 5-year study are to measure, analyze and evaluate land use impacts resulting from construction of transitways and park-and-ride facilities in the Houston area; and to evaluate the 'turnkey' procurement concept used by Houston Metro and determine its nationwide application for park-and-ride facility development. This report provides a summary of this 5-year study. Four HOV lanes with supporting park-and-ride facilities were placed in operation within the study time frame. This report focuses on the impacts of 3 of these. Preliminary results indicate that while the transportation impacts of the operational elements have been substantial, no substantial land use impacts can be identified at this time. A more definitive assessment of land use impacts may not be possible until the system is fully operational and integrated into the community's total transportation system. This report contains a bibliography, a list of references and charts that lay out the elements of the Houston transitway system. KW - Busways KW - Economic impacts KW - Express buses KW - Freeway operations KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Land use KW - Park and ride KW - Turnkey systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380590 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490393 AU - Brail, R K AU - Burchell, R W AU - Walker, C C AU - Rutgers University, Piscataway AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A PEOPLE MOVER FOR ATLANTIC CITY: ISSUES, IMPACTS, MARKETS, COSTS AND CRITERIA PY - 1989/10 SP - 372 p. AB - This report analyzes the critical issues relating to the development of an automated guideway transit (AGT) system or peoplemover in Atlantic City, New Jersey. It estimates the demand for and costs of a peoplemover system, explores potential revenue sources for funding a system, examines the public issues germane to the question of whether and how such a system can be implemented, and ultimately, will assist decision-makers to determine whether or not the peoplemover concept deserves further attention. The study was commissioned by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and undertaken by a team of Rutgers University faculty members. The study team collected data and opinions on issues, surveyed markets, developed cost/revenue models, and looked into the legal and environmental implications of this potential new local transportation improvement. The study draws on several sources: review of Atlantic City planning documents and transportation studies; AGT literature; and interviews with 60 "stakeholders" representing the casinos, city businesses, community and civic organizations, and city, county and state government agencies. Interviews were also conducted with AGT system suppliers and transportation officials from other cities. Overall, the report begins with a discussion of the history and issues surrounding AGT development, and then moves into the more technical concerns of markets and costs/revenues, and concludes with a discussion of a formal evaluation methodology for selecting a franchisee to build a peoplemover in Atlantic City. The appendix in this report provides a bibliography on peoplemovers. KW - Assessments KW - Atlantic City (New Jersey) KW - Automated guideway transit KW - Costs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Franchises KW - Impact studies KW - People movers KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299445 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489831 AU - Pickrell, D H AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - URBAN RAIL TRANSIT PROJECTS: FORECAST VERSUS ACTUAL RIDERSHIP AND COSTS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/10 SP - 164 p. AB - Substantial errors in forecasting ridership and costs for the ten rail transit projects reviewed in this report, put forth the possibility that more accurate forecasts would have led decision-makers to select projects other than those reviewed in this report. This study examines the accuracy of forecasts prepared for ten major capital improvement projects in nine urban areas during 1971-1987. Each project includes construction of a fixed transit guideway: Rapid Rail or Metrorail (Washington DC, Atlanta, Baltimore, Miami); Light Rail Transit (Buffalo, Pittsburgh, Portland, Sacramento); and Downtown Peoplemover (Miami and Detroit). The study examines why actual costs and ridership differed so markedly from their forecast values. It focuses on the accuracy of projections made available to local decision-makers at the time when the choice among alternative projects was actually made. The study compares forecast and actual values for four types of measures: Ridership, Capital costs and financing, Operating and maintenance costs, and Cost-effectiveness. Forecasting data used in making comparisons were obtained from published planning documents; actual data were drawn from a combination of published sources, internal documents, and direct contacts with employees. This review of past forecasting errors identifies the causes of the divergence between forecast and actual performance of these projects; makes recommendations to improve the reliability of forecasts for future projects; and contributes toward fostering better urban transportation investment decisions. This report is organized into 6 chapters, numerous tables, and an appendix that documents the sources of all data appearing in the tables presented in this report. KW - Accuracy KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Costs KW - Decision making KW - Light rail transit KW - People movers KW - Projection KW - Rapid transit KW - Ridership KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/47000/47900/47900/Pickrell_Urban_Rail_Transit_Projects.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56645/urbanrailtransit00unse_0.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56646/urbanrailtransi9104tran_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299240 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496850 AU - Adams, R W AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ISSUE/ASSESSMENT PAPER NUMBER 15. SUMMARY BRIEFING OF LEASE-FINANCING FOR HIGH EXPENDITURE PUBLIC/PRIVATE TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS PY - 1989/10 SP - v.p. AB - This Issue/Assessment Paper is intended as an informational source on lease-financing (also called lease-purchase financing) methods for UMTA and other Departmental non-legal, programmatic management personnel who are assisting public/private partnerships find non-federal, alternative funding sources for high cost transportation infrastructural projects. A public/private partnership defind here is "any mutual beneficial activity between a public or non-profit community entity and a tax-paying, private sector corporation to undertake the implementation of a transportation capital project to yield benefits for the community at large and the interest of the private sector corporation." Lease-financing as used herein, is a tax-exempt, installment purchase by a governmental entity of a non-profit organization. This transaction consists of a taxpaying entity (the owner or "lessor") which builds and leases a facility or sells equipment by installments to the governmental unit/non-profit organization (the user or "lessee"). The general information and criteria needed for rating a lease-financing, the elements required in a lease-financing, the procedures by which a lease-financing can be structured, and the impact of bond insurance on a lease-financing are reviewed in the Paper, using Standard & Poor's and Moody's reported procedures to assess a bond issuance. In addition, a brief discussion of the pros and cons of lease-financing is provided. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Assessments KW - Capital investments KW - Capital projects KW - Financing KW - Governments KW - Infrastructure KW - Leasing KW - Private enterprise KW - Public private partnerships KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/312380 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00491363 AU - Gattis, J L AU - Doesken, G A AU - Towler, C J AU - University of Oklahoma, Norman AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - GUIDE TO CONTRACTING FOR RURAL AND SMALL URBAN TRANSIT SYSTEMS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/10 SP - 249 p. AB - This report presents guidelines and a step-by-step approach to contracting that will assist rural and small urban transit systems with the contracting of transit services. It examines two types of transit contracting: contracting the entire transit service, and contracting an aspect of the operation such as fuel or maintenance. The report emphasizes transit agency contracting with a private company, and includes a discussion of the principles for contracting along with examples of contracting methods, sample documents used by various agencies, and case studies in which rural and small urban system transit managers related their contracting experiences, and a literature review. In addition the report contains guidelines for identifying and assessing contracting opportunities, studying the feasibility of contracting, attracting contractors, developing the contract documents, bidding and awarding contracts, administering contracts, and evaluating the continuation of contracting services. In this report, the comments and observations made during the case study interviews were documented in order to illustrate real world experiences with transit agency contracting. Overall, this report presents theoretical principles of contracting service, and demonstrates how contracting can benefit many rural and small urban transit systems. The intent is to encourage those systems with no transit contracting experience to give it a try. This report contains the following five appendices: Summary of Study Procedures; List of Responding Section 18 Agencies; Summary of Case Study Interviews; Sample Requests for Proposals; and Sample Contracts. KW - Bids KW - Contracting KW - Guidelines KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Subcontractors KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban areas KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/303621 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496819 AU - Urban Land Institute AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SUBURBAN MOBILITY: CASE STUDIES IN ACHIEVING ACTION THROUGH PUBLIC/PRIVATE COOPERATION PY - 1989/09 SP - v.p. AB - The Urban Land Institute (ULI) selected the communities of King County, Washington, Orange County, California, Route 1 Corridor, Central New Jersey, and Fairfax County, Virginia to participate in case studies on suburban mobility. These communities were coping with suburban traffic congestion and searching for solutions to the problem. There existed growing traffic problems and political awareness of the problems in these areas. A local study team was formed to manage the case study in each area. Technical and administrative assistance was provided by ULI staff. Findings were that developers are willing to support impact fees if linked to a comprehensive program of transportation improvements, that building of new facilities is not the answer, that high density centers may help reduce congestion, but require changes in zoning and site design regulations as well as citizen support, and that demand management programs, carpooling, van pooling, and flextime should be implemented. While those involved welcomed state and federal assistance, they did not wish either of these two to assume control. KW - Case studies KW - Governments KW - Impact fees KW - Local government KW - Mobility KW - Private enterprise KW - Problem solving KW - Public private partnerships KW - Ridesharing KW - State government KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation management associations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/312377 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490388 AU - Shorter, R AU - Ammann, W C AU - Compex Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS, 1987 SECTION 15. ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1989/09 SP - 622 p. AB - This report summarizes the financial and operating data submitted to the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) by the nation's public transit operators, pursuant to Section 15 of the Urban Mass Transportation (UMT) Act of 1964, as amended. This report also includes a subset of Section 15 data compiled for the Section 9 apportionments. Section 9 is a formula grant program for capital, operating, and certain other assistance created by the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (which amended the UMT Act) and reauthorized by the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987. This report consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 contains an introduction to the Section 15 reporting system and its relationship to the Section 9 program. Chapter 2 contains aggregate industry statistics derived from the complete Section 15 reports which were submitted. Chapter 3 contains financial and operating data on the individual transit systems that submitted complete Section 15 reports. Chapter 4 contains the operating statistics that were compiled for the FY 1989 Section 9 apportionments. All data in this report are for transit years ending on or between January 1 and December 31, 1987. KW - Data collection KW - Expenditures KW - Finance KW - Financial expenditures KW - Financing KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Statistics KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 15 KW - Umta section 6 KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56479/nationalurbanma0601rhod_3.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299440 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489801 AU - Davis, F W AU - Smith, W D AU - Hewa, B AU - Donahue, D AU - University of Tennessee, Knoxville AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDING STRATEGY: AGENCY PROVIDED VS PRIVATIZATION; SINGLE PROVIDER VS STRATEGIC NETWORK. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/09 SP - 163 p. AB - This document was designed to assist policymakers interested in making transit service delivery more cost-effective. It focuses on successful privatization in public transit service that is based on a clear understanding of the economics of the contracting marketplace and the evolving field of strategic network management. In this report, problems facing transit agencies result not from privatization, but from the way privatization is implemented. This research addresses not only the question of whether transit services should be provided in-house, by an agency or contractor, but also the conditions under which strategic networks should be developed. The purpose of this study was to describe the steps required for successful privatization, identify the options, and present principles that determine the use of each option. Basically, this report identifies procurement procedures, principles and conditions necessary for successful privatization. The report is organized into 8 chapters and an appendix. Chapters 1-2 thoroughly examine the meaning of privatization and discuss problems associated with contracting. Defining a need before procuring a service is the focus of Chapter 3. Chapter 4 describes the 8 approaches to selecting a provider (defined by Federal Acquisition Regulations). Chapter 5 discusses ways to control contracting risks, and Chapter 6 describes the role of the service delivery manager. Chapter 7 presents flowcharts to guide the development of a procurement strategy. Chapter 8 is a case study of Huntsville, Alabama--largest city in the U.S. without a traditional transit system. Knox County School Bus Operators Handbook shows how one county manages its network of private school bus contractors (Appendix). KW - Brokerage KW - Contracting KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Ost university research KW - Policy making KW - Privatization KW - Procurement KW - Public transit KW - Risk management KW - Transit services KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299226 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00601242 AU - Stokes, R W AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT STUDY NEEDS IN TEXAS. FIANL REPORT PY - 1989/09 SP - 44 p. AB - This report documents the results of a study designed to identify transit study needs in the state of Texas. A survey was conducted of state, local and private transportation officials and agencies in Texas. Mailout questionnaires, telephone and personal interviews were used to solicit input from individuals and agencies responsible for planning, designing, implementing, operating and maintaining the state's transportation systems. The report presents the results of the survey conducted to identify transit study needs in Texas. It summarizes and prioritizes those needs and outlines a preliminary study agenda addressing the identified study needs. Survey results point to the following areas as the most pressing unmet transit study needs in Texas: improving coordination and cooperation betweeen local service providers and state and local transportation agencies; defining and quantifying transit's role in meeting Texas' mobility needs; and developing innovative funding strategies for Texas transit systems. The survey also cited the need for studies in the development of training and continuing education programs, development and testing of technologies to comply with clean air standards, human resources, and transit strategies for serving suburban and low-density travel markets. KW - Data collection KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Local government KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - State government KW - Surveys KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/344384 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489802 AU - Drain, M C AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HEAVY RAIL TRANSIT SAFETY 1988 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1989/09 SP - 36 p. AB - The Heavy Rail Transit Safety 1988 Annual Report is a compendium and analysis of heavy rail transit accident and casualty statistics reported by the thirteen heavy rail transit systems in the United States during 1988, under UMTA's Safety Information Reporting and Analysis System (SIRAS). KW - Casualties KW - Crashes KW - Rapid transit KW - Safety KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299227 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495337 AU - Moser, T E AU - Winn, J B AU - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROTOTYPE CARBORNE MONITOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/09 SP - 196 p. AB - The Prototype Carborne Monitor Development Project Final Report includes the final technical report, operations manual, and performance specifications developed. This study is a response to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) recommendation R-82-74 regarding onboard recording of safety related data. The recommendation resulted from the NTSB investigation of January 13, 1982, railcar incident near the Federal Triangle subway station in Washington, D.C. The carborne monitor was installed on a Rohr railcar to record 10 analog and 60 digital signals that would be useful in determining the cause of an incident such as derailment or collision. The unit is designed to be fully automatic with self testing start-up features and to automatically "freeze" data in the event of a derailment or collision, the application of emergency brakes or the keying in of the incident switch by the train operator. Thirty minutes of data, prior to an incident and 10 following an incident, are recorded for each of two incidents. In addition to the carborne equipment, software for an off-line data retrieval and analysis system, using a personal computer, was developed, tested and documented. The performance specification reflects all the improvements identified during the operational demonstration and can be used as a technical specification for procurement purposes. KW - Data recorders KW - Electronic data recording KW - Incident reporting KW - Incidents KW - Manuals KW - On board KW - Onboard navigational aids KW - Operations manual KW - Performance based specifications KW - Performance specifications KW - Prototypes KW - Subways KW - Traffic incidents UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305522 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490389 AU - Morrison-Knudsen Engineers, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROJECT MANAGEMENT OVERSIGHT FOR THE JACKSONVILLE SKYWAY EXPRESS STARTER-LINE PROJECT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/09 SP - 59 p. AB - The Jacksonville automated skyway express (ASE) system took more than 15 years to develop. It is an elevated automated, rubber-tired, twin lane peoplemover system intended to improve regional transit service, and to ease traffic congestion, pollution, and parking concerns in the downtown CBD. The planned 2.5 mile system is illustrated in this report. This report documents Phase 1-A of the project, i.e., the 0.7 mile shuttle-type starter-Line consisting of 2 vehicles, 3 passsenger stations, maintenance facility, traction power substation, control center, and operations office. The Starter-Line phase opened for revenue service in June 1989. It runs east/west along Bay Street, from the Omni Hotel on the eastern end to Jacksonville Convention Center on the western end. Patronage is expected to come from Park-and-Ride and bus interface facilities. Phase 1-B, when built, will consist of 2 extensions totalling 1.8 miles to complete the 2.5 mile planned ASE system. This report documents the project management oversight (PMO) services of an independent consulting firm in connection with the design, construction, testing, and start-up of revenue service for the Jacksonville ASE Starter-Line project. The PMO's role was to monitor the project's progress and to determine whether it was being built on time, within budget, in conformance with design criteria, constructed to plans and specifications and efficiently implemented. This Phase 1-A report consists of an executive summary, an appendix with a chronology of activities, and the following 4 chapters: Project Overview; Project Management Oversight Services; Issues to be Resolved; and a Conclusion. KW - Automated guideway transit KW - Automated skyway express KW - Jacksonville (Florida) KW - People movers KW - Project management KW - Ridership KW - Traffic congestion KW - Umta section 3 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299441 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01594676 AU - Peat Marwick Main and Company AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Research and Special Programs Administration TI - Status of Traffic Mitigation Ordinances PY - 1989/08//Final Report SP - 152p AB - This report discusses the emergence and status of traffic mitigation ordinances as a strategy for reducing automobile congestion related to commuting. It is based on a review of traffic mitigation ordinances drafted or adopted in 20 selected local jurisdictions throughout the United States as of December 1988. The Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) is publishing this report as a resource for local governments which may be contemplating the development of a traffic mitigation ordinance to address their traffic congestion problems. The report, by presenting and discussing the major components of traffic mitigation ordinances, assists local jurisdictions in developing an ordinance. The concept of traffic mitigation ordinances is relatively new; ordinances have generally not been in effect long enough to collect conclusive evidence of their results. Thus, the degree to which traffic mitigation ordinances are actually successful in reducing traffic congestion is as yet unproven. UMTA does not endorse the development of traffic mitigation ordinances as the sole solution to traffic congestion. It is one method that may have merit as part of a broad-based transportation and land use strategy including transportation system development, transportation systems management, growth management policies, zoning, and other transportation demand management approaches. KW - Case studies KW - Ordinances KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic mitigation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56565/statusoftraffic9006peat_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397502 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490351 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE FACILITY NEEDS ASSESSMENT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/08 SP - 498 p. AB - Fort Worth Transportation Authority (TA) provides public transit services for the City of Fort Worth, Texas. It operates a fleet of 150 vehicles and is projected to increase to 200 vehicles (standard coaches, small buses, and vans) by year 2009. Current facilities (built early 1900s) are inadequate for projected fleet growth. The purpose of this assessment study was to evaluate the existing physical plant, located at 2304 Pine Street, and to determine present and future needs for maintenance and service operations. This report peresents a comprehensive and illustrative evaluation of the site and facilities; it is based on information derived from interviews with key TA members and onsite observations of existing maintenance facility. The 4 study tasks make-up the sections of this final report. Section 1, Facility Needs Assessment, identifies the facility requirements for the projected fleet of 200 transit vehicles and 23 support vehicles. Detailed criteria were developed for each functional area including space and clearance requirements, lighting types and others. Section 2, Existing Facility analysis, evaluates and documents the physical and functional characteristics of existing site and facilities and compares exisitng conditions against Section 1 requirements. Alternative solutions were developed (Section 3) to address existing deficiencies and satisfy current and future needs. Section 4, Preliminary Cost Estimate, includes site development, paving, building construction and renovation, demolition and equipment purchases. The appendices (6) provide an Organization Chart, Vehicle Inventory, Asbestos Survey, Site Layout Alternatives, Equipment Inventory and Preliminary Equipment List. KW - Assessments KW - Buses KW - Costs KW - Evaluation KW - Fleet management KW - Fleets KW - Fort Worth (Texas) KW - Highway facilities KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Maintenance practices KW - Physical plant KW - Service facilities KW - Small buses KW - Umta section 8 KW - Vans UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299423 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489833 AU - Houston Area Research Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LEGILATIVE CHANGE PERMITS CONTRACTING. MINNEAPOLIS, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA 211A*LEGISLATIVE CHANGE PERMITS CONTRACTING PY - 1989/08 SP - 2 p. AB - Described are the processes leading up to a state law being passed in Minnesota in which the Regional Transit Board was given authority to subsidize bus services to the University of Minnesota as provided by a private provider, Medicine Lake Lines. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Contracting KW - Cost control KW - Cost savings KW - Legislation KW - Personnel management KW - Private enterprise KW - Subsidies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299242 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490350 AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1988 TEXAS TRANSIT STATISTICS PY - 1989/08 SP - 36 p. AB - This report, 1988 Texas Transit Statistics, is a comprehensive annual report on the 18 municipal transit systems operating in the State of Texas during 1988. It includes the 7 Metropolitan Transit Authorities operating in Texas in 1988--Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County (Houston); VIA Metropolitan Transit (San Antonio); Dallas Area Rapid Transit; Fort Worth Transportation Authority; Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Austin); Corpus Christi Regional Transit Authority; and El Paso City Transit Department. This report consists solely of charts and tables that provide ridership and operating statistics for each of the 18 municipal transit systems as well as for the State of Texas at-large. More than 198 million (M) passengers were carried by these 18 systems in 1988 (7.8 percent increase from 184.2 M passengers carried in 1987). Transit vehicle miles increased about 10.7 percent to 108.8 M miles in 1988 as compared to 98.2 M miles in 1987. General operating costs increased 21.6 percent from $201.1 M in 1987 to $244.4 M in 1988. Total operating revenue per vehicle mi. increased by 1.1 percent. Total operating expenses per vehicle mile increased by 1.5 percent. The total public expense increased from $282.1 M to $460.6 M in 1988 (includes operating costs of $244.4 M and capital costs of $216.2 M in 1988). Public transportation funds committed in Texas increased from $140.5 M in 1987 to $368.6 M in 1988. This increase in spending reflects the initiation of major capital improvement projects in the State's largest cities. These committed funds include state, federal and local monies. KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Operating costs KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Ridership KW - Statistics KW - Texas KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 8 KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299422 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489798 AU - SCHOON, J G AU - Furthe, P G AU - Lieb, R C AU - Northeastern University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE POTENTIAL FOR SUPPLEMENTAL FREIGHT SERVICES IN FERRY PLANNING AND OPERATIONS: A CASE STUDY AND PLANNING GUIDELINES PY - 1989/08 SP - 120 p. AB - Despite technological advances and passenger demand for ferry travel, waterborne transportation services are still being subsidized by public agencies in order that fares may remain competitive with other modes of transportation. This report presents a case study of the Boston Harbor area. The study focuses on the potential for providing supplemental freight services as a means of generating additional revenues for ferry passenger service in Boston, Massachusetts. The study evaluates current and proposed services, describes the physical and operating characteristics of existing land-based and waterborne transportation systems as well as the main features of future planned ferry routes and the merits of supplemental freight services that would be competitive with land-based services. A review was made of possible present and future opportunities for implementing supplemental freight services based upon time, distance, security and cost of competing land-based services. Several scenarios were developed and screened to identify the routes for detailed analysis. Scenarios are documented and evaluated in this report. The report provides a summary of findings that include examples of the freight costs and requirements that will serve as a guide for future planning or investigation of feasibility in other areas. The terminal and vessel costs and designs illustrated for the Boston area have potential application in other geographic locations. The results of this study show that transporting supplemental freight on passenger ferries in the Boston area is technically feasible. Major findings are listed and summarized in this report. KW - Boston (Massachusetts) KW - Case studies KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Ferries KW - Freight service KW - Guidelines KW - Revenues KW - Subsidies KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299223 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00488012 AU - Hathaway, W T AU - Markos, S H AU - Balog, J N AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RECOMMENDED EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS GUIDELINES FOR ELDERLY AND DISABLED RAIL TRANSIT PASSENGERS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/08 SP - 80 p. AB - Rail transit has become an important source of transportation for many elderly and disabled persons. The principal reasons for this increased use are improved accessibility, low cost, and expanded areas of service. For the purposes of this report, "elderly" is defined as any member of the population who is 60 years of age or older, and "disabled" is defined as any person who has some type of disability. The Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) has recognized the need to consider the unique characteristics of elderly and disabled passengers in rail transit emergency response planning. The needs of these passengers can be addressed through carefully planned emergency response procedures, proper training of transit and emergency response personnel, and effective use of equipment. The recommendations contained herein are therefore intended to assist rail transit and emergency response organization personnel in evaluating their emergency response plans in terms of the needs of elderly and disabled passengers and, if necessary, to modify or supplement those plans accordingly. Section 2 discusses types of emergencies, characteristics of elderly and disabled individuals, and the rail transit environment. Included in Sections 3 and 6 minimum recommendations, procedures, and criteria which should be employed by all rail transit systems to enhance their particular emergency plans for addressing the needs of elderly and disabled passengers. Sections 4 and 5 present minimum recommendations which will assist in the evacuation of elderly and disabled passengers from rail transit vehicles and facilities. The guidelines in these two sections are intended to be used primarily for the planning of new systems, extensions to existing systems, and system rehabilitation. This report is intended to supplement the UMTA publication Recommended Emergency Preparedness Guidelines for Rail Transit Systems. That report contains general guidelines designed to assist rail transit systems in assessing, developing, documenting, and improving their capabilities for responding to emergencies and in coordinating those efforts with emergency response organizations. KW - Accessibility KW - Aged KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergency procedures KW - Emergency response KW - Evacuation KW - Guidelines KW - Light rail vehicles KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Physical disabilities KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rapid transit cars UR - http://transit-safety.volpe.dot.gov/publications/emergency/Rec_Emer_Prep_For_Elderly_and_Disabled/PDF/UMTA-MA-06-0186-89-1.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/34000/34200/34282/DOT-TSC-UMTA-89-04.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298553 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00488011 AU - Ketola, H N AU - Ketron, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATION AND TESTING OF RAIL TRANSIT UNDERCAR FIRE DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/08 SP - 154 p. AB - This document presents the results of a comprehensive review and evaluation of transit undercar fire detection and suppression methods. The evaluation of fire detection method resulted in a recommendation that continuous wire type linear thermal detectors be applied to critical components in the undercar area. Halon 1301 extinguishing systems were identified as the best choice for control of fires occurring in enclosed equipment compartments, e.g., the motor control group. A laboratory test program using an instrumented motor control group box from a NYCTA transit car was conducted at the Budd Company Technical Center under subcontract to KETRON. The laboratory program included tests on flow and thermal characteristics of the box; power arc-induced electrical cable fires; linear and spot thermal detector performance; Halon 1301 extinguishing system performance; and testing of a novel suppression concept involving the use of a portable nitrogen gas generator to provide an inerting atmosphere in the motor control group box for continuous protection. A field test program of selected methods at a transit property is recommended. KW - Evaluation KW - Fire detection systems KW - Fire fighting KW - Fire suppression systems KW - Gases KW - Laboratory tests KW - Light rail vehicles KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Testing KW - Undercar UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298552 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487984 AU - Southern California Association of Governments AU - Commuter Transportation Services, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TMA HANDBOOK: A GUIDE TO FORMING TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/08 SP - 64 p. AB - This handbook is designed to provide information to assist groups that are considering forming or have begun the process of creating a Transportation Management Association (TMA). It clarifies the potential role of TMAs in addressing transportation and air quality issues, and enumerates the steps necessary to form an effective TMA. The handbook is organized into chapters on various aspects of TMA development. Each chapter contains some background information on each aspect (e.g., work plan, budget/funding, etc.), a synopsis of the experience of existing TMAs, and some tips to guide the formation of new TMAs. The handbook includes appendices which provide samples of useful documents such as survey forms, by-laws, and a budget worksheet. KW - Budgeting KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Governments KW - Handbooks KW - Labor unions KW - Organization KW - Private enterprise KW - Transportation management associations KW - Umta section 3 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298540 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490332 AU - Houston Area Research Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SCALE ECONOMIES AMONG UNITED STATES BUS TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1989/08 SP - 2 p. AB - Major findings of this investigation were that diseconomies of scale are present among U.S. bus transit systems; that population density has a significant impact on unit operating expense; high densities result in higher unit costs; and that generally, descriptive characteristics of bus systems other than those measuring scale and density play little or no role in explaining variations in operating expense. It is further noted that policy makers should investigate alternatives such as contracting out which would increase the cost-effectiveness of system operations such as provision of service, maintenance and administration. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Economies of scale KW - Policy making KW - Quality of service KW - Unit costs KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299415 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489846 AU - Houston Area Research Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CONTRACTED FIXED ROUTE SUBURBAN SERVICE. ST. BERNARD PARISH, LOUISIANA PY - 1989/08 SP - 2 p. AB - Competitive bidding led to National Transit Services, Inc (NTS) operating two St. Bernard Parish owned buses while providing maintenance and insurance for the vehicles. The two bus routes are detailed along with NTS operations, a brief history of bus ownership changes, and future plans for the area. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Commuter buses KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - Deregulation KW - Express buses KW - Quality of service KW - Rural areas KW - Suburbs KW - Transit buses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299246 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489832 AU - Houston Area Research Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INSTITUTIONAL ADJUSTMENTS TO COMPETITIVE CONTRACTING. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI PY - 1989/08 SP - 2 p. AB - Bi-State Development Agency (Bi-State) of St. Louis, Missouri instituted a process to identify those services for which competitive contracting is to be sought and procedures to separate those involved in bid preparation from the bid selection process to eliminate possible bias with regard to in-house bids for service. Four services, the Call-a-Ride, Call-a-Ride Plus, Red Bird and Muny, and Lindberg Boulevard, used competitive bidding resulting in two services being awarded to outside concerns while two remained within Bi-State. Bid comparisons and reasons for selecting each contractor for one of the four services are detailed. KW - Capital costs KW - Competitive bidding KW - Contracting KW - In house KW - Operating costs KW - Public transit KW - Quality of service KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299241 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639212 AU - Bhatt, K AU - Higgins, T AU - KT ANALYTICS INC AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - AN ASSESSMENT OF TRAVEL DEMAND APPROACHES AT SUBURBAN ACTIVITY CENTERS PY - 1989/07 SP - 46 p. AB - Local governments are increasingly turning to demand management or trip reduction strategies, policies and programs to combat traffic congestion. Using various policy instruments, localities are encouraging employers and developers to implement transportation systems management (TSM) and parking management strategies (PM). This study reviews experiences with TSM and PM through employer case studies and synthesis of suburban demand management literature. It provides recommendations to local government decision makers and planners on strategy effectiveness and reduction policy instruments. Recommendations are offered about when TSM and PM strategies and policies are appropriate: consideration in selecting policy instruments; suggestions on policy design; and guidance on program monitoring, enforcement, management, costs and timelines. Recommendations for the Federal Government include development of modal ordinances, developer agreements, parking codes and guidelines supportive of local policies; changes in tax law on parking subsidies and parking policies for federal employees; support of Transportation Management Association roles in parking management; coordination with air quality regulations; and future research on suburban successes and failures. KW - Activity centers KW - Case studies KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Federal government KW - Fta section 6 KW - Local government agencies KW - Parking KW - Strategic planning KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation system management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380591 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490390 AU - Port Authority of Allegheny County AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RAIL CAR MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MMIS). FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/07 SP - 142 p. AB - Prior to completion of its Stage I Light Rail Vehicle (LRV) procurement and Presidents' Conference Committee (PCC) rehabilitation program, Port Authority of Allegheny County's (PAT) Rail Car Maintenance Management Information System (MMIS) consisted of a paper record system. The purpose of this project was to develop, test and implement a computerized rail car MMIS for both rail car types, as well as prepare a report on the system which would be useful to other transit authorities. PAT's MMIS, as implemented, has the following capabilities: (1) improve maintenance planning, analysis, management and evaluation; (2) enhance the concept of cost-effective transit system management; and (3) increase rail transit effectiveness and efficiency. It also provides reliability and maintainability statistics, labor and material costs, warranty program support, preventive maintenance schedules, parts consumption, procurement and inventory management, car histories, and a variety of reports. This report describes the PAT MMIS Project, as designed for the needs of the PAT Maintenance Department and support personnel. KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Information processing KW - Light rail vehicles KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - Management information systems KW - Planning KW - Rapid transit cars UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299442 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487969 AU - Bhatt, K AU - Higgins, T AU - KT ANALYTICS INC AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AN ASSESSMENT OF TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT APPROACHES AT SUBURBAN ACTIVITY CENTERS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/07 SP - 43 p. AB - Local governments are increasingly turning to Demand Management or Trip Reduction Strategies, Policies and Programs to combat traffic congestion. Utilizing various Policy Instruments, localities are encouraging employers and developers to implement Transportation Systems Management (TSM) and Parking Management (PM) strategies. This study reviews experience with TSM and PM through employer case studies and synthesis of suburban demand management literature. It provides recommendations to local government decision makers and planners on strategy effectiveness and implementation, as well as adoption and implementation of demand management or trip reduction policy instruments. Recommendations are offered about when TSM and PM strategies and policies are appropriate; considerations in selecting policy instruments; suggestions on policy design; and guidance on program monitoring, enforcement, management, costs, and timelines. Recommendations for the Federal Government include development of model ordinances, developer agreements, parking codes and guidelines supportive of local policies; changes in tax law on parking subsidies and parking policies for federal employees; support of Transportation Management Association roles in parking management; coordination with air quality regulations; and future research on suburban successes and failures. KW - Activity centers KW - Assessments KW - Local government KW - Parking demand KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation system management KW - Travel demand UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/ATDMAS.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56333/assessmentoftra8506ktan_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298526 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00495336 AU - Press, R A AU - Eakes, J A AU - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DRUG AND ALCOHOL PRE-EMPLOYMENT SCREENING HANDBOOK: A MODEL FOR THE TRANSIT INDUSTRY PY - 1989/07 SP - 36 p. AB - This Handbook presents a policy and procedures model for pre-employment drug and alcohol testing for transit agencies. The model was designed to be applicable to a wide variety of transit agencies and to be consistent with UMTA and other applicable regulations. The information is presented in narrative form. Representatives from 10 transit agencies attended and discussed pre-employment testing. The basis of discussion was the then current SEPTA procedures. Agencies compared and contrasted their policies with the SEPTA model. A policy working group developed general pre-employment testing guidelines applicable to all UMTA grantee properties. The model recommends that prospective employees be first informed of pre-employment screening during initial interviews with the personnel department. A consent for drug testing should be discussed at the physical exam and be in writing from the applicant. If consent is refused, the examination process ends. All applicants should be tested, regardless of position. Photo identification should be required at the physical exam and a medical questionnaire should be completed. The process should include several opportunities for the applicant to identify any recent drug use. KW - Alcohols KW - Drug tests KW - Drugs KW - Employee screening KW - Handbooks KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Policy KW - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305521 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490394 AU - Center for Systems and Program Development, Inc AU - Department of Health and Human Services AU - Office of the Secretary of Transportation TI - BEST PRACTICES IN SPECIALIZED AND HUMAN SERVICES TRANSPORTATION COORDINATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/07 SP - v.p. AB - The case studies presented in this Guidebook serve to recognize those State and local level transit providers who have met the criteria set forth by the joint DOT/DHHS Coordinating Council on Human Services Transportation to qualify them for "best practices" in making transportation better coordinated and accessible to special user groups. The criteria include: Evidence of coordination, effective handling of coordination barriers, risk management, program evaluation and monitoring, marketing/promotion and expansion. This is the second phase of the action plan to address concerns about Federal barriers either real or perceived and it provides a set of practical tools for those who provide transportation to special users or wish to improve transportation coordination while seeking to revive enthusiasm in transit providers for improving coordination of specialized and human services transportation. KW - Barriers KW - Barriers (Roads) KW - Brokerage KW - Case studies KW - Coordination KW - Paratransit services KW - Private enterprise KW - Risk management KW - Service agencies KW - Social service KW - Special user groups KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Volunteers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/300005 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490395 AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DATA USER'S GUIDE TO THE UMTA SECTION 15 REPORTING SYSTEM PY - 1989/06/01 SP - v.p. AB - This guide is a unique source of financial and operational information on the nation's public urban mass transit systems. It introduces the data base as an integrated whole; summarizes the information reported to UMTA; documents historical changes to the content and structure of Section 15; clarifies definitions, particularly those modified over-time or often confused; and assists users to identify and access information for a range of applications. KW - Data collection KW - Databases KW - Financing KW - Guides KW - Guides to information KW - Information content KW - Information organization KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Reporting KW - Reports KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 15 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/300006 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00486516 AU - Jovanis, P P AU - Schofer, J L AU - Prevedouros, P AU - Tsunokowa, K AU - Northwestern University, Evanston AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ANALYSIS OF BUS TRANSIT ACCIDENTS: EMPIRICAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND POLICY ISSUES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/06 SP - 107 p. AB - This report reflects the need to analyze bus transit accident data as a means of deriving more refined hypotheses concerning accident causality, and the view that research should include a discussion of empirical findings, methodological concerns and policy implications. Accident report data from PACE, the suburban bus agency within the Regional Transit Authority in the Chicago, Illinois metropolitan area, for 1982-84 were analyzed to derive refined safety measures. The analysis of over 1800 accidents led to the general conclusion that safety was well managed at the agencies. A full 89 percent of accidents involved collision with another vehicle or object, while 11 percent involved non-collision passenger injuries while boarding, alighting or moving about the bus. Severity of injury was low and occurred infrequently except for collisions in which autos rear-ended the bus. Accident occurrence appeared to increase near times of driver shift changes. Drivers with 3-6 years experience were overrepresented in accidents. This report concludes with policy recommendations and directions for future research. KW - Alighting KW - Boarding KW - Buses KW - Crash causes KW - Crash reports KW - Crashes KW - Data analysis KW - Injuries KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Passengers KW - Personal injury KW - Safety KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297823 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610720 AU - Metro-North Commuter Railroad AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - METRO-NORTH SPEED AND CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT STUDY. TASK 4 REPORT. UPPER HUDSON AND UPPER HARLEM LINES PY - 1989/06 SP - v.p. AB - This study identifies improvements to increase the capacity and speed of Metro-North's commuter rail system. Several key segments of the system where bottlenecks are likely to occur were selected because capacity and speed improvements will have the greatest impact on improved operations and the quality of services. Specifically, the goals of the study are: Develop facility, right-of-way, interlocking, signal and communications, electric traction and equipment improvements required to achieve increased capacity and speeds; Develop operations and low-cost capital improvements which can reduce station dwell times or other capacity constraints; and Evaluate the proposed improvements to determine their cost-effectiveness and prioritize them based on cost and the number of passengers who would benefit, as well as the magnitude of these benefits. KW - Capacity KW - Commuter cars KW - Commuter service KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - New York (State) KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Speed KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357734 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610717 AU - Metro-North Commuter Railroad AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - METRO-NORTH SPEED AND CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT STUDY. TASK 2 REPORT. HUDSON LINE: SPUYTEN DUYVIL TO HIGHBRIDGE PY - 1989/06 SP - v.p. AB - This study identifies improvements to increase the capacity and speed of Metro-North's commuter rail system. Several key segments of the system where bottlenecks are likely to occur were selected because capacity and speed improvements will have the greatest impact on improved operations and the quality of services. Specifically, the goals of the study are: Develop facility, right-of-way, interlocking, signal and communications, electric traction and equipment improvements required to achieve increased capacity and speeds; Develop operations and low-cost capital improvements which can reduce station dwell times or other capacity constraints; and Evaluate the proposed improvements to determine their cost-effectiveness and prioritize them based on cost and the number of passengers who would benefit, as well as the magnitude of these benefits. KW - Capacity KW - Commuter cars KW - Commuter service KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - New York (State) KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Speed KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357731 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610719 AU - Metro-North Commuter Railroad AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - METRO-NORTH SPEED AND CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT STUDY. TASK 3 REPORT. HARLEM LINE: CRESTWOOD TO MT. VERNON WEST PY - 1989/06 SP - v.p. AB - This study identifies improvements to increase the capacity and speed of Metro-North's commuter rail system. Several key segments of the system where bottlenecks are likely to occur were selected because capacity and speed improvements will have the greatest impact on improved operations and the quality of services. Specifically, the goals of the study are: Develop facility, right-of-way, interlocking, signal and communications, electric traction and equipment improvements required to achieve increased capacity and speeds; Develop operations and low-cost capital improvements which can reduce station dwell times or other capacity constraints; and Evaluate the proposed improvements to determine their cost-effectiveness and prioritize them based on cost and the number of passengers who would benefit, as well as the magnitude of these benefits. KW - Capacity KW - Commuter cars KW - Commuter service KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - New York (State) KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Speed KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357733 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610721 AU - Metro-North Commuter Railroad AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - METRO-NORTH SPEED AND CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT STUDY. TASK 5 REPORT. PORT JERVIS LINE: PORT JERVIS TO SLOATSBURG PY - 1989/06 SP - v.p. AB - This study identifies improvements to increase the capacity and speed of Metro-North's commuter rail system. Several key segments of the system where bottlenecks are likely to occur were selected because capacity and speed improvements will have the greatest impact on improved operations and the quality of services. Specifically, the goals of the study are: Develop facility, right-of-way, interlocking, signal and communications, electric traction and equipment improvements required to achieve increased capacity and speeds; Develop operations and low-cost capital improvements which can reduce station dwell times or other capacity constraints; and Evaluate the proposed improvements to determine their cost-effectiveness and prioritize them based on cost and the number of passengers who would benefit, as well as the magnitude of these benefits. KW - Capacity KW - Commuter cars KW - Commuter service KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - New York (State) KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Speed KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357735 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610718 AU - Metro-North Commuter Railroad AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - METRO-NORTH SPEED AND CAPACITY IMPROVEMENT STUDY. TASK 1 REPORT. WOODLAWN JUNCTION PY - 1989/06 SP - v.p. AB - This study identifies improvements to increase the capacity and speed of Metro-North's commuter rail system. Several key segments of the system where bottlenecks are likely to occur were selected because capacity and speed improvements will have the greatest impact on improved operations and the quality of services. Specifically, the goals of the study are: Develop facility, right-of-way, interlocking, signal and communications, electric traction and equipment improvements required to achieve increased capacity and speeds; Develop operations and low-cost capital improvements which can reduce station dwell times or other capacity constraints; and Evaluate the proposed improvements to determine their cost-effectiveness and prioritize them based on cost and the number of passengers who would benefit, as well as the magnitude of these benefits. KW - Capacity KW - Commuter cars KW - Commuter service KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - New York (State) KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Speed KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357732 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487966 AU - Jovanis, P P AU - Schofer, J E AU - Prevendouros, P AU - Tsunokawa, K AU - Northwestern University, Evanston AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ANALYSIS OF BUS TRANSIT ACCIDENTS: EMPIRICAL, METHODOLOGICAL AND POLICY ISSUES. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1989/06 SP - 10 p. AB - This report reflects the need to analyze bus transit accident data as a means of deriving more refined hypotheses concerning accident causality, and the view that research should include a discussion of empirical findings, methodological concerns and policy implications. Accident report data from PACE, the suburban bus agency within the Regional Transit Authority in the Chicago, Illinois, metropolitan area, for 1982-84 were analyzed to derive refined safety measures. The analysis of over 1800 accidents lead to the general conclusion that safety was well managed at the studied agencies. A full 89 percent of accidents involved collision with another vehicle or object, while 11 percent involved non-collision passenger injuries while boarding, alighting or moving about the bus. Severity of injury was low and occurred infrequently except for collisions in which autos rear-ended the bus. Accident occurrence appeared to increase near times of driver shift changes, although further studies are needed for verification. Drivers with 3-6 years experience were overrepresented in accidents. This report concludes with policy recommendations and future research and policy implications for UMTA and USDOT. This report provides a List of References and 3 Appendices. Appendix A contains an Annotated Bibliography (General and Bus Characteristics and Maintenance; Bus Drivers). Appendix B contains Information Available from Accident/Incident Reports. Appendix C includes the particular actions coded for bus' and other vehicle's action. KW - Buses KW - Crashes KW - Data analysis KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Policy making KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298523 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485860 AU - MIDAS Council of Governments AU - Iowa Department of Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - OPPORTUNITY LIVING TRANSPORTATION STUDY; ALTERNATIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS PY - 1989/06 SP - 16 p. AB - This study was completed to analyze transportation alternatives available to Opportunity Living, a residential facility for the physically handicapped, mentally handicapped, or a combination of both, located within Lake City, Iowa and to discuss potentials for future service provision to that agency. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Communication systems KW - Coordination KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297609 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00492331 AU - Thompson, R E AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE USE OF RADIOS IN RAIL TRANSIT OPERATIONS: VOLUME 1. REVIEW OF EXISTING PRACTICES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/05 SP - 149 p. AB - This study reflects UMTA's continuing efforts to ensure the safety of the nation's rail transit systems, and to be responsive to the National Transportation Safety Board's (NTSB) concerns about the use of radio communications in rail transit operations. The study focused on radio communications conducted between train operators and their central control operators. Specifically, the study addressed NTSB recommendations to UMTA requiring operable radios for revenue service trains (R-86-39),and development of a Uniform Code of Operating Rules and Procedures for use by the rail rapid transit industry (R-86-40). The objective of the study was to provide UMTA with insight into current practices regarding NTSB recommendations, determine potential needs, and identify possible actions which UMTA might initiate in response to any such needs. The Volume 1 report presents the results of a review of existing conditions and practices on the use of radios in rail transit operations. Information was obtained from a survey of 9 transit properties that operate heavy and/or light rail transit systems, as well as from a review of NTSB documents, FCC and FRA regulations, railroad radio rules/procedures and contacts with APTA, AAR and others. Volume 1 discusses the nature and findings of the basic study and provides conclusions and recommendations for UMTA considerations. To expand transit industry involvement in the study, Volume 1 report was distributed to 19 rail transit authorities for their information and review. Volume 2 of this study documents the responses received from the 19 rail transit authorities that were requested to provide information on their own radio systems and practices as well as to review and comment on the original report (Volume 1). This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current situation relative to rail transit radio operations. KW - Communication systems KW - Communications KW - Data collection KW - Light rail transit KW - Practices KW - Public transit KW - Radio KW - Rapid transit KW - Recommendations KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - Surveys KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/304162 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00486514 AU - Hathaway, W T AU - Heimann, D AU - Hammar, P K AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A GRAPHICS BASED AUTOMATED EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM (AERS) FOR RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/05 SP - 48 p. AB - This report presents an overview of the second generation Automated Emergency Response System (AERS2). Developed to assist transit systems in responding effectively to emergency situations, AERS2 is a microcomputer-based information retrieval system that provides train controllers, dispatchers, and supervisors with quick and accurate information. In contrast to the original AERS, AERS2 provides information through a color schematic map of a one-mile length of track on the upper half of the computer display screen and textual information on the lower half of the screen. The report describes the development and operation of AERS2, provides background information and a detailed description of the AERS2 data files, describes the operation and various functions of AERS2, and provides conclusions and recommendations for further action. KW - Automated emergency response system KW - Automation KW - Computer programs KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Dispatching KW - Emergency response KW - Emergency response time KW - Graphics KW - Information retrieval KW - Microcomputers KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297821 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00486517 AU - Millette, R E AU - Joseph, P A AU - Lincoln University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DRUG AND ALCOHOL IN TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/05 SP - 106 p. AB - Public perception of the safety status of mass transit systems has a large impact on ridership and fare revenues. A jury composed of citizens who regard a transit agency's safety record as poor is more likely to award sizeable settlements against the agency in liability litigation. The cost of litigation and financial settlements arising out of legal liability has been growing. This study is concerned with reducing the component of that expenditure attributable to accidents caused by substance abusers. The study examined and analyzed the Employee Assistance Programs at 10 transit agencies throughout the United States. The study results indicate that successful employee assistance programs have the following characteristics: holistic approach to treatment; union/management participation; education and training; benefit package; follow-up procedures; confidentiality at all levels, referral and assessment, stress management and an advisory group consisting of management, labor, local community, recovering substance abusers and treatment specialist. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Alcohols KW - Case studies KW - Crashes KW - Drugs KW - Education KW - Employee assistance programs KW - Liability KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297824 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484831 AU - OWD Enterprises Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - STUDY TO ESTABLISH AND INCREASE GRANTEE/MINORITY FINANCIAL INSTITUTION FINANCIAL SERVICES RELATIONSHIPS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/05 SP - 96 p. AB - Since 1964, the federal government has encouraged development of viable disadvantaged business enterprises (DBEs). UMTA encourages grantees to develop DBE policies and programs and to establish and meet the overall DBE goals. The purpose of this project was to encourage and to improve the financial services relationships between UMTA grantees and minority financial institutions (MFIs). Through the MFI Depository Program, the project aimed to create a methodology by which local transit agencies and MFI financial services relationships could be established and enhanced. This study examined the MFI Depository Programs in 4 areas of the country: Chicago, Illinois; Houston, Texas; Washington, DC; and the Bay Area of Oakland-San Francisco, California. Financial, banking, policy and organizational data was collected from grantees and minority institutions in the study areas. Interviews were conducted with financial, administrative, and transit agency DBE personnel and with MFI chief executive and financial officers in order to obtain their input relative to development of a methodology for establishing and increasing grantee/MFI financial services relationships. This report presents a review of the history and progress of the MFI Depository Program of the Chicago Transit Authority, Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority, and the Regional Transit Association of the Oakland-San Francisco Bay Area. The report includes project findings, recommendations, and a call for implementing an UMTA/MFI Utilization Program. KW - Case studies KW - Disadvantaged business enterprises KW - Financing KW - Grant aid KW - Minorities KW - Minority business enterprises KW - Public transit KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293283 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489800 AU - ATE Management and Service Company, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - OPERATIONS AUDIT OF THE MOBILITY IMPAIRED TRANSPORTATION SERVICE. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/05 SP - 250 p. AB - System performance/operational audits have only recently received widespread acceptance in the transportation industry. Such audits contribute to the overall viability of the organization by reinforcing strengths, identifying shortcomings, and recommending specific actions to improve performance. This report presents the findings and recommendations from the operational audit of the Mobility Impaired Transportation Service (MITS) for the Fort Worth Transportation Authority (the T). The audit provides a comprehensive review of the current MITS operations. The study objective was to develop a plan to help MITS improve its efficiency and productivity without significantly increasing costs. Specifically, the study focused on identifying areas in need of improvements, outlining procedures for MITS to incorporate in its service management process, addressing alternative methods of providing service, and developing a 5-year capital improvement program. Onsite functional audits were conducted at MITS administration, operations, and maintenance along with interviews of key management and staff personnel. This report consists of 7 chapters including the study purpose and background. Chapter 2 contains an overview of the MITS operation and performance statistics concluding with a peer comparison. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 present the detailed findings and recommendation of the functional audits of administration/management, operations/routing and scheduling, and maintenance. Chapter 6 summarizes operations strategy and policy recommendations for MITS. The final chapter provides a recommended 5-year capital equipment plan for MITS. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Mobility KW - Mobility impaired KW - Operations audit KW - Paratransit services KW - Performance KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Productivity KW - Public transit KW - Special user groups KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299225 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00486519 AU - White, C AU - Edner, S M AU - Portland State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE CONTRIBUTION OF MANAGER AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSIT AGENCY PERFORMANCE: A NATIONAL STUDY OF UNITED STATES TRANSIT PROVIDERS PY - 1989/05 SP - 68 p. AB - This report presents the results of the third phase of a 3-part study of management issues in the transit industry. The objective of this report was to relate attitudinal and demographic characteristics of transit management personnel and agency institutional characteristics to agency performance. The analysis purports to determine the relative contributions of manager and institutional characteristics as explanatory facts in agency performance. The study was based upon responses of 1033 managers from 134 agencies representing the full range of agency size, institutional and locational characteristics. Data was drawn from surveys of agencies and managers, and from Section 15 Performance Measures. The first 3 chapters of this report present background information and an overview of the demographic and attitudinal characteristics of the study sample of management personnel. Chapter 4 explores the extent to which those characteristics are related to 6 measures of agency performance. Implications of this research are discussed in the fifth and concluding chapter. Findings show that manager characteristics and attitudes do not appear to be consistently linked with performance outcomes. While the analysis established them as important factors, these relationships point in differing directions. Thus, efforts to increase manager capability may also add to the forces differentiating organizational capacity without contributing to overall industry performance. In sum, the turbulence experienced by the industry may not have led to greater refinement of performance abilities, but to greater tensions. KW - Attitudes KW - Demographics KW - Institutional issues KW - Management KW - Performance KW - Personnel KW - Profiles KW - Public transit KW - Transit management KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297826 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490352 AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FIRE/LIFE SAFETY EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLANNING SEMINAR, APRIL 26, 1989. INSTRUCTOR GUIDE PY - 1989/04/26 SP - 31 p. AB - This report presents the Instructor Guide for the Fire/Safety, Emergency Preparedness Planning Seminar conducted April 26, 1989, at the Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts. The Guide is designed to impart the following knowledge and skills to the participating seminar student: understanding of fire, elements of fire, and the importance of a fire safety program; understanding the concept of emergency preparedness; implementing a Fire/Life Safety Program in the transit environment; and implementing a successful Emergency Preparedness Program. The seminar material is presented in outline form and consists of 4 sections: Instructor Introduction; Overview of Transit Safety; Fire Safety; and Emergency Preparedness. It is intended for the student's personal use as a reference guide. The seminar outline material in this report clearly illustrates the concept and application of Fire/Life Safety and Emergency Preparedness Programs. KW - Disaster preparedness KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Fires KW - Implementation KW - Instructor guide KW - Safety KW - Safety programs KW - Training KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299424 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00482912 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1988 URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION GRANTS ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS. STATISTICAL SUMMARIES TO CONGRESS PY - 1989/04/14 SP - v.p. AB - The "Statistical Summaries" for Fiscal Year 1988 presents data on the distribution of UMTA program funds which are the principal source of Federal financial aid to urban and non-urban areas for mass transportation. The data is compiled from the capital, operating and the planning assistance grants awarded in Fiscal Year 1988 to transit authorities, States, metropolitan planning agencies and other units of local governments. KW - Federal aid KW - Grant aid KW - Local government KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293495 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487972 AU - KT ANALYTICS INC AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AN ASSESSMENT OF TRAVEL DEMAND MANAGEMENT APPROACHES AT SUBURBAN ACTIVITY CENTERS. POLICY INSTRUMENT APPENDIX PY - 1989/04/03 SP - v.p. AB - Presented in this Appendix are the policy instruments for the various communities involved in this assessment. KW - Activity centers KW - Assessments KW - Case studies KW - Local government KW - Parking demand KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation system management KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299948 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605346 AU - Fleishman, D AU - Connors, M AU - Pearson, J AU - White, G AU - Multisystems, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINANCIAL PLANNING GUIDE FOR TRANSIT. REVISED EDITION PY - 1989/04 SP - 209 p. AB - This guide presents the details of the overall financial planning process and the procedures that make up the process. It is designed to aid public agencies and interested private parties in the preparation of comprehensive and realistic financial plans -- for new capital investments, recapitalization efforts, and the ongoin operation of existing services. Major elements covered are: (1) Definition of the financial planning process, (2) Identification of how cost and revenue projections are developed for financial planning purposes, and (3) Description of the development and implementation of a financial plan. The guide is designed to be useful both in meeting UMTA's planning and reporting requirements and in guiding local agencies in evaluating and addressing their own financing needs either in providing the "local match" to Federal funds or in developing sufficient financing to proceed without Federal funds, if such an approach is considered feasible. KW - Cash flow KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimation theory KW - Finance KW - Financial analysis KW - Financial capacity analysis KW - Financial management KW - Local agencies KW - Local government agencies KW - Revenues UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56407/financialplannin00mult_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349904 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487967 AU - Fleishman, D AU - Connors, M AU - Pearson, J AU - White, G AU - Multisystems, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINANCIAL PLANNING GUIDE FOR TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/04 SP - 212 p. AB - The Financial Planning Guide for Transit presents the details of the overall financial planning process and the procedures that make up the process. The Guide is designed to aid public agencies and interested private parties in the preparation of comprehensive and realistic financial plans--for new capital investments, recapitalization efforts, and the ongoing operation of existing services. The major elements of the Guide are: definition of the financial planning process, including the relationship between financial analysis and other planning functions, procedures for identifying sources of revenue, administrative/institutional arrangements and responsibilities in transit financing, and the types of information needed at each planning level; identification of how cost and revenue projections are developed for financial planning purposes, including identification of financial forecasting techniques, selection and projection of new sources of revenue, and performance of sensitivity analyses; and description of the development and implementation of a financial plan, including discussion of market financing mechanisms and requirements, how dedicated revenue sources and market financing programs are developed, the development of financing packages, and performance of financial capability analysis. The Guide has been designed to be useful both in meeting UMTA's planning and reporting requirements (e.g., in demonstrating financial capacity) and in guiding local agencies in evaluating and addressing their own financing needs either in providing the "local match" to Federal funds or in developing sufficient financing to proceed without Federal funds, if such an approach is considered feasible. KW - Cash flow KW - Financing KW - Forecasting KW - Guides KW - Guides to information KW - Planning KW - Revenues KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298524 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485828 AU - Abacus Technology Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SAFETY, LOSS CONTROL AND RISK MANAGEMENT: AN ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT PRACTICES AT 17 U.S. TRANSIT AGENCIES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/04 SP - 190 p. AB - This study was undertaken to identify the extent of losses for risk being experienced by transit agencies and current efforts to reduce those losses. The study is important because, for the first time, losses from risk and expenditures for controlling these risks have been quantified in a sample group of transit agencies. This study examined safety, loss control and risk management programs and practices at 17 bus transit agencies in 14 states and with fleet sizes ranging from 200-1000 vehicles. The study objectives were to: assess risk and liability exposure of bus transit agencies; profile safety, loss control and risk management practices; and recommend strategies to further reduce losses. Profiles of total cost of risk and current practices to reduce losses were developed and documented in this report. Transit agency losses due to accidents and claims were examined for the 3-year period 1985-87. In addition, all program activities directed toward loss reduction were examined, namely operator and mechanic safety, employee hiring, training, substance abuse programs and activities to reduce worker's compensation claims and risk management programs. External factors affecting losses were also assessed (state laws and provisions in labor contracts). Data was collected from 17 agencies through telephone and onsite interviews and organized in 3 industrial segments: Contractor Managed Transit Agencies, Regional Transit Agencies, and County/Municipal Transit Agencies. This report presents observations and recommendations on the loss control practices of 17 transit agencies and 8 specific recommendations for further loss reductions. It lists the 17 participating bus transit agencies, and presents a summary of noteworthy loss control activities at each agency. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Assessments KW - Buses KW - Case studies KW - Drugs KW - Hiring policies KW - Losses KW - Risk management KW - Safety KW - Safety practices KW - Safety programs KW - Training KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297597 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00488526 AU - Krause, R A AU - Sebesta, K AU - Shelley, M C AU - Council of State Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - STATE POLICIES IN TRANSIT: PUBLIC AND PRIVATE. STATISTICAL COMPENDIUM PY - 1989/04 SP - 176 p. AB - The Council of State Governments conducted a survey of chairs of transportation committees and ranking minority members within state legislatures to determine their perceptions of the current level and value of private sector involvement in public transit. The goal was to create a profile of leadership thought on private sector involvement within public transit that will provide informational support to policymakers on this issue. All chairs of transportation in all 50 state legislatures were interviewed. A total of 107 questionnaires were mailed to chairs, and 88 to ranking minority members. Twenty-eight responses were received. Statistical tests were run to rank and group responses. The mailed survey consisted of 9 questions and the subject matter addressed ranged from rating public service areas as funding priorities and increasing taxes to cover public transit costs, to rating the role of private sector involvement and rating the adequacy of state funding and local public service programs. Results of the survey were compiled and ranked for the merged sample, for chairs, and for ranking minority members. After the survey results were compiled and ranked, a complete Pearson Correlation Coefficient Analysis was conducted. This analysis should provide the federal policymaker with information relevant to the implementation of technical assistance to the states. Appendix A of this report contains the survey document mailed to the full committee chair and the ranking minority member of each state's legislative committee having jurisdiction over public transit matters. KW - Data collection KW - Government policies KW - Governments KW - Policy KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Questionnaires KW - State government KW - Statistics KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298846 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00488527 AU - Krause, R A AU - Shelley, M C AU - Horton, G AU - Council of State Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - STATE POLICIES IN TRANSIT: PUBLIC AND PRIVATE. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/04 SP - 37 p. AB - The Council of State Governments conducted an assessment of chairs of transportation committees and ranking minority members within state legislatures to determine their perceptions of the current level and value of private sector involvement in public transit. The goal of the assessment was to create a profile of leadership thought on private sector involvement within public transit that will provide informational support to policymakers on this issue. All chairs of transportation in all 50 state legislatures were interviewed. A total of 107 questionnaires were mailed to chairs and 88 to ranking minority members. Twenty-eight responses were received. Statistical tests were run to rank and group responses. In this report, the commentary explains the rankings and groupings and discusses their significance from a state legislative perspective. This 37 page report presents and discusses the survey results regarding topics such as state policy options for private sector involvement, public transit's place in the big picture, adequacy of state funding, raising taxes, private sector involvement at local level, and defining affinity groups on local policy options. This study states that the role of the states does not appear to be evolving as one of a direct federal aid surrogate; that public impacts of increased private sector involvement are good; and chairs in state legislatures rank public transit approximately in the middle in a priority ranking of other basic public services. The companion report is titled, State Policies in Transit: Public and Private. Statistical Compendium. Both reports are available from The Council of State Governments. KW - Data collection KW - Government policies KW - Governments KW - Policy KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Questionnaires KW - State government KW - Statistics KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298847 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485857 AU - Charles River Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT DEFICITS: PEAK AND OFF-PEAK COMPARISONS PY - 1989/04 SP - 37 p. AB - This report presents estimates of the deficits incurred in providing transit trips during peak and off-peak periods on bus, subway, and commuter rail systems in the United States, both separately and averaged over all three of these transit modes. In this study, transit deficits are defined as the sum of annual operating and maintenance expenses and annualized capital costs minus passenger revenues. Cost and revenue allocation factors and related assumptions were used to estimate deficits by time period and mode based on actual data for transit systems providing bus, subway, and commuter rail service in the United States (which account for about 95 percent of all transit trips taken nationwide). In addition, a review of prior studies concerned with the issue for allocating operating and capital expenses by time of day was conducted. The results of the study indicate that peak transit trips, expressed on either a per-trip or per-passenger-mile basis, have consistently higher deficits when compared with trips taken in the off-peak. Based on the findings of previous allocation studies, the largest share of transit capital costs is attributable to peak-period service. And, although passenger revenues are proportionally very high in the peak, they are not of sufficient magnitude to result in lower deficits during this time period. For the nationwide analysis of transit deficits by mode, the peak is defined as a five-hour period from 7 to 9 am and from 4 to 7 pm. KW - Bus transportation KW - Capital costs KW - Deficits KW - Off peak periods KW - Off-peak KW - Passenger miles KW - Peak periods KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Revenues KW - Subways KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297607 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485867 AU - Teal, R F AU - University of California, Irvine AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE: THE FORT WAYNE EXPERIENCE WITH CONTRACTING IN PY - 1989/04 SP - 22 p. AB - Discussed is the experience of the Fort Wayne Public Transportation Corporation when it contracted for part-time drivers employing the concept of "contracting in" resulting in a reduction of its unit costs by approximately 28 percent in real terms, enabling it to increase service miles nearly 60 percent, to reduce fares by 33 percent and to increase ridership by over 50 percent. KW - Contract administration KW - Fare reduction KW - Fares KW - Fort Wayne (Indiana) KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - Part time employees KW - Ridership KW - Salaries KW - Unit costs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297615 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484817 AU - Gordon, P AU - Richardson, H AU - Giuliano, G AU - University of Southern California, Los Angeles AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRAVEL TRENDS IN NON-CBD ACTIVITY CENTERS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/04 SP - 96 p. AB - Los Angelization, the movement of people, jobs, residences and other activities away from the CBD, is being replicated across the nation. This modern phenomenon is diminishing the importance of traditional downtown and resulting in commuting economies and shrinking markets for conventional transit. This is a case study of the travel trends in the Los Angeles area--a prototype of the large, modern, American metropolis where the subcentering trends were first observed and now being exhibited in other metropolitan areas (14 in the Washington DC area, 7 in Baltimore, 8 in Atlanta). This research centers around the not yet well understood interaction of the land and travel market that is generating such spatial arrangements. Nineteen activity centers were identified. Travel by mode and by purpose between centers and 45 regional statistical areas and within centers and areas were analyzed. This report examines the relationship between dispersed activity centers and the rest of the metropolitan area; the provision and performance of conventional and paratransit services for the subcenters; and suggests appropriate transit service and policy innovations. Case studies of two medium sized cities near Los Angeles (Pasadena and Glendale) were conducted in order to determine the types of transit services that have emerged in subcenters and to provide guidance for future subcenter-based transportation planning. Results show that the Los Angeles region is a dispersed rather than a polycentric metropolis. The study findings point to a shift to small-scale suppliers throughout the region, and a limited scope for conventional transit services in non-CBD activity centers. This report provides a bibliography and the following 5 appendices: Traffic flow in activity centers; Origin-Destination matrices; Spacial units of activity centers;Paratransit cities; and Ten largest urbanized areas. KW - Activity centers KW - Case studies KW - Los Angeles (California) KW - Paratransit services KW - Public transit KW - Travel patterns KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/469.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/6000/6600/6635/469.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293272 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484171 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM. FY 1989 ANNOUNCEMENT PY - 1989/04 SP - v.p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration plans to award a limited number of grants in Fiscal Year 1989 to accredited institutions of higher learning to assist in carrying out research on problems, and to provide professional training, in the field of urban and rural transportation analysis, management and operations. Instructions to be followed in the preparation and submission of applications for participation in the FY 1989 program are contained herein. All applications must be received by 4:00 p.m., EDT, Monday, June 26, 1989. This FY 1989 booklet supersedes all prior announcement booklets. KW - Financing KW - Innovation KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Ost university research KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Safety KW - Security KW - Suburbs KW - Transit management KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - U.S. Department of Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293522 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01594674 AU - Rice Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Suburban Activity Centers: Private Sector Participation PY - 1989/03//Final Report SP - 162p AB - Suburban mobility is one of the most critical transportation problems facing American cities today. The purpose of this research project was to develop an understanding of the suburban activity center (SAC) mobility problems and the ways that public and private entities are addressing these problems. The project had two objectives: 1. Develop a data base on SACs and central business districts (CBDs) which documents characteristics of the centers, their mobility needs, and transportation actions, and identifies the local private and public organizational and financing arrangements used to implement these actions. 2. Develop the basis for identifying potential roles that the Urban Mass Transportation Administration, state and local governments, transit agencies and the private sector can assume in the financing, management, and the negotiation of agreements to solve mobility needs of SACs. These objectives were accomplished using several methods, including a systematic review of the literature and practice, empirical research of a large number of cases to explore broad relationships, and field studies of selected cases for more in-depth analysis. KW - Activity centers KW - Case studies KW - Financing KW - Governments KW - Literature reviews KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Private enterprise KW - State of the practice KW - Suburbs KW - Transit operating agencies UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56567/suburbanactivity00join_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397504 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484818 AU - Clemence, J AU - Allied-Signal, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INVERTER-CONTROLLED AC INDUCTION MOTOR PROPULSION SYSTEM. VOLUME 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 64 p. AB - This document summarizes the design, laboratory testing, manufacturing, R-44 car installation and car test program of the ac propulsion system applicable to a U.S. operating transit system. An inverter-controlled ac induction motor propulsion system for rail transit cars was developed and tested to verify projected benefits and applicability of ac over conventional dc cars. Two NYCTA R-44 dc subway cars were retrofitted with prototype ac propulsion equipment based on mature, low-risk ac propulsion technology. The program showed that propulsion systems using ac motors can provide improved reliability and reduced maintenance with significant reductions in life-cycle cost, as well as conserve energy through regenerative braking. The ac propulsion system, demonstrated on the NYCTA cars, improved acceleration and braking performance with good electromagnetic interference and acoustic noise control and was fully compatible with the existing trainlines, NYCTA signaling and supervisory equipment, and dc cars. This report explains how the latest technology would be applied in future production equipment to result in even more benefits to the rail transit industry. Overall, Volume 1 provides an overview of the subsystem technology application to rail systems (STARS) program including background information on electric rail transit and major program milestones. Acknowledgment is given to UMTA as the driving force of the DOT effort to demonstrate the applicability of ac propulsion equipment to the US transit industry, and to APTA and its car equipment liaison board for its support during the entire program. Volume 2, the final report, presents detailed information on the activities of each phase of this two-phased program including representative samples of significant recorded data and summaries of test results. KW - Alternating current motors KW - Choppers KW - Choppers (Electricity) KW - Conversion KW - Direct current motors KW - Energy conservation KW - Inverters KW - Laboratory tests KW - New York (New York) KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Subways KW - Traction drives KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293273 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484819 AU - Clemence, J AU - Allied-Signal, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INVERTER-CONTROLLED AC INDUCTION MOTOR PROPULSION SYSTEM. VOLUME 2: FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 300 p. AB - This document summarizes the design, laboratory testing, manufacturing, R-44 car installation and car test program of the ac propulsion system applicable to a U.S. operating transit system. The program rationale was that the conversion from current dc onboard propulsion to ac will result in improved reliability and reduced maintenance and is compatible with existing transit practices. The introduction of ac induction motors (with no commutators or brushes to service) is the key to this goal. Improved energy efficiency with elimination of series resistors and the ability to use regenerative braking, reducing electrical energy consumption by up to 37 percent, are additional benefits. The key to the success of the STARS program was the initial team decision by AiResearch and OY Stromberg to use a proven ac propulsion concept tailored to STARS requirements. The use of this system, already developed and operational in the European transit market, enabled satisfactory completion of hardware qualification testing, R-44 implementation, and integration of 3 complete sets of hardware and culminated in a successful operating program on the nation's most demanding transit system--NYCTA. This Volume 2 presents detailed information on the activities of each phase of the two-phase program including representative samples of significant recorded data and summaries of test results. Volume 1: Executive Summary report provides an overview of the STARS program including background information on electric rail transit and major program milestones. KW - Alternating current motors KW - Choppers KW - Choppers (Electricity) KW - Conversion KW - Direct current motors KW - Energy conservation KW - Inverters KW - Laboratory tests KW - New York (New York) KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Pulse duration modulation KW - Regenerative braking KW - Subways KW - Traction drives KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293274 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00644023 AU - JONES, C J AU - Ahmad, M AU - Salaam, A AU - Davis, G AU - Joshi, A AU - Doria, R AU - Watson, Rice and Company AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - TRANSIT FARE REVENUE ACCOUNTABILITY AND PROTECTION GUIDELINES PY - 1989/03 SP - 267 p. AB - The loss of transit fare revenue through internal and external theft as well as fare evasion and shortchanging is a matter of increasing concern to the transit industry at the Federal, state and local levels. The Federal Transit Administration's Office of Technical Assistance and Safety sponsored this study to review vulnerabilities of U.S. transit fare revenue accountability and protective practices and policies so that transit officials could be informed of methods that increase the protection of revenue. The study provides countermeasures that off-set losses during transit fare collections, consolidation, counting and depositing activities. In addition, an internal control review process was developed so that transit systems could determine the effectiveness of existing internal revenue protection mechanisms. The conclusions and recommendations contained in this report were developed by Watson Rice & Co. with technical support on transit revenue equipment issues provided by J.W. Leas & Assoc. and Jack Schnell. KW - Bus transit KW - Countermeasures KW - Crimes involving transportation KW - Fare collection KW - Fare evasion KW - Railroad transportation KW - Revenues KW - Security KW - Theft UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/386293 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485826 AU - Osei-Owusu, P AU - Johnson, Andrew M. AU - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AUTOMATIC PASSENGER COUNTER AND ELECTRONIC REGISTERING FAREBOX DATA INTEGRATION PROJECT. FINAL DEMONSTRATION REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 90 p. AB - This project aimed to develop a unified passenger and revenue data reporting system by merging separate output files from 2 separate data handling devices--automatic passenger counter (APC) and electronic registering farebox (ERF). The report evaluates the Automatic Passenger Counter and Fare Demonstration Project undertaken by MARTA. It was designed to test the merging of output data from 2 onboard devices (APC and ERF). Three MARTA buses, equipped with both devices, were chosen to run on 3 selected routes. Output data representing fare and passenger activities on each of the 3 routes were manually merged into a single integrated output for further analysis and report generation. An important aspect of the initial plan, to merge the data electronically, was abandoned because of technical difficulties. Even though an electronic merger was not possible, many project objectives were achieved. This report provides background information of the project as a whole, discusses GFI electronic farebox and APC equipment, describes what was done, and discusses the results pointing out project strengths, weaknesses and conclusions. Data output integration was the central theme of the entire project. KW - Automated passenger counters KW - Buses KW - Data collection KW - Electronic equipment KW - Electronic registering farebox KW - Fare collection KW - Integrated systems KW - Integration KW - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority KW - On board KW - Onboard navigational aids KW - Passenger counting KW - Revenues KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297595 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484862 AU - HOPE Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO WOMEN BUSINESS ENTERPRISES (WBES) TO ENTER INTO BUSINESS AGREEMENTS WITH TRANSIT VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS (TVMS) PROJECT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 89 p. AB - This report summarizes the principal activities of a 15-month project designed to develop and implement a technical assistance (TA) program that would help qualified women-owned businesses (WBEs) enter into profitable business arrangements with certified transit vehicle manufacturers (TVMs) under contract to UMTA. Three additional objectives were the following: to assist TVMs in achieving their WBE goals in terms of UMTA procurement requirements; identify post-project TA support strategies that would help WBEs eventually become long-term competitors in the mass transit marketplace; and to provide UMTA with a practical tool for assisting other WBEs and disadvantaged entrepreneurs. The project focused on providing assistance to 101 selected WBEs. This report summarizes the following project activities: Review of existing Federal TA programs for WBEs; Preparation and dissemination of an outreach and public information program; Selection of participating WBEs; Development and implementation of TA program; and Development of private sector support and strategies for the post project period. The report consists of 11 sections that briefly describe project accomplishments and include copies of key documents submitted to UMTA. It also includes the workshop agenda, list of WBEs, a Transit Vehicle Manufacturers Directory, TA program plan, and a Fact Sheet of contracting opportunities offered by TVMs to WBEs. This report is very informative and should prove useful to disadvantaged entrepreneurs interested in establishing a firm foothold in the transit marketplace. KW - Businesses KW - Civil rights KW - Disadvantaged business enterprises KW - Females KW - Industries KW - Private enterprise KW - Technical assistance KW - Ucr-20 KW - Umta section 20 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Women owned business enterprises UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293293 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484117 AU - Layton, R AU - HUNTER, K AU - Safford, R AU - Oregon State University, Corvallis AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - STUDY OF HUMAN FACTORS IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SAFETY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 214 p. AB - The purpose of this study was to use a systematic approach to examine the human factors in transit safety, namely--the safety problems of fixed-route bus operations. Human factors related to bus driver and passenger safety were examined, and special emphasis was given to problems encountered by the elderly and handicapped. Anthropometric analysis of bus cockpits were discussed along with human factors and problems related to the driver's seat. A major problem identified and analyzed indepth for passenger safety was the use of powered scooter-type wheelchairs (PSTW). Guidelines and standards for wheelchairs and restraints on public transit vehicles are recommended along with conclusions on driver safety, passenger safety, and transit system safety. Problems relating to bus scheduling and their impact on driver safety were examined. A procedure dubbed SCRAM (Scheduling Constraint and Route Analysis Model) was developed and can be used to examine the variations in any particular bus schedule. The systems approach and analysis model developed in this report are applicable to studies of human factors problems in other modes of public transit such as light rail and mass transit. This report provides a bibliography, list of references, and 4 Appendices that report on the human factors workshop in public transportation safety. KW - Aged KW - Anthropometry KW - Bus drivers KW - Bus transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Guidelines KW - Human factors KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Public transit KW - Restraint KW - Restraint systems KW - Safety KW - Scooter-type wheelchair KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293017 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490408 AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RECOMMENDED FIRE SAFETY PRACTICES FOR TRANSIT BUS MATERIALS SELECTION PY - 1989/03 SP - 4 p. AB - Recommended fire safety practices for testing the flammability and smoke emission characteristics of materials used in the construction of transit buses are given. In an effort to reduce the number of injuries and damage resulting from bus fires, these recommendations aim to improve the selection process for bus interior materials for new vehicles and those to be retrofit. KW - Buses KW - Fire resistance KW - Fires KW - Materials tests KW - Recommendations KW - Safety KW - Safety practices KW - Smoke UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299452 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485866 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT AND PARKING PUBLIC POLICY PY - 1989/03 SP - 13 p. AB - Alternative policies towards transit and parking at the Federal level, including the treatment (for tax purposes) of free parking as a fringe benefit versus transit passes are given in this study undertaken by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration at the request of Senators Bradley (D-NJ), D'Amato (R-NY) and Moynihan (D-NY). Major topics include: Public Policy Issues; Legislative History and Tax Policy; Consequences of Current Legislation and Tax Policy; Empirical Evidence; Policy Implications; and Policy Alternatives. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Commuting KW - Employee benefits KW - Employee participation KW - Employers KW - Impact studies KW - Legislation KW - Parking KW - Public policy KW - Subsidies KW - Taxation KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297614 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485830 AU - ATE Management and Service Company, Incorporated AU - International Taxicab Association AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATE SECTOR CONTRACTING FOR TRANSIT SERVICES: OPERATOR HANDBOOK PY - 1989/03 SP - 205 p. AB - Changing federal policies have encouraged communities to look beyond the impediments to contracting and to consider the benefits of contracting with private operators for portions of their transit services. This handbook addresses the procedural difficulties involved in the development of contractual relationships between private operators and public agencies. It focuses on transit programs (funded by UMTA) and practical how-to-do-it information about service contracting. The handbook is a valuable resource for private operators opting to improve the effectiveness of their contracting efforts with local governments. It is organized into seven chapters. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 provide background information on new market opportunities, funding programs, and the local transportation planning process. These chapters are necessary for understanding how to effectively participate in public transit programs. The last four chapters deal with the contracting process, how to win contracts, and contracts (types, requirements, problem areas). The appendices provide a sample contract, glossary, excerpts from UMTA Regulations and Third Party Guidelines, documentation of Private Enterprise Participation, and capital cost of contracting. KW - Competition KW - Contracting KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Handbooks KW - Local government KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Private enterprise KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297598 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484863 AU - Nelson, J T AU - Wilson, G P AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NOISE REDUCTION EFFECTIVENESS OF RESILIENT RAIL FASTENERS ON STEEL SOLID WEB STRINGER ELEVATED STRUCTURES, VOLUME I. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 105 p. AB - Under the sponsorship of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Technical Assistance program, the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) studied the noise reduction effectiveness of various resilient rail fasteners for steel elevated structures. The study included field and laboratory tests, and limited theoretical modeling to identify and optimize those characteristics which are most effective in reducing noise, while meeting criteria for rail stability. The fasteners studied were: (1) NYCTA Container Plate, (2) Landis A, (3) Landis B, (4) L.B. Foster, (5) Elastic Spike Corporation, (6) Lord A, and (7) Lord B. Only the L.B. Foster, Elastic Spike Corporation, and Lord Fasteners are considered appropriate by the NYCTA for installation. Relatively little A-weighted noise reductions were achieved by any of the fasteners relative to the NYCTA Container Plate, though the Lord fasteners reduced wayside noise by about 2 dBA relative to the NYCTA Container Plate and provided significant reductions in the mid-frequency range of 80 to 500 Hz. Additional findings of the study were that the solid web stringers are the primary source of wayside noise up to 600 Hz. Top plate bending resonance in the 500-700 Hz frequency range may be a significant factor in reducing the vibration isolation effectiveness of resilient rail fasteners. The standing wave elastomer resonance (thickness mode) of resilient fasteners does not appear to be significant to wayside noise reduction at 500 Hz or lower frequencies for the type of fasteners considered. KW - Elevated structures KW - Field tests KW - Laboratory tests KW - Noise control KW - Noise reduction KW - Rail fasteners KW - Resilience (Materials) KW - Steel structures KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vibration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293294 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484829 AU - Lippert, L AU - George Washington Transportation Research Institute. Center for Intelligent Systems Research AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THIRD PARTY CONTRACTING BY UMTA GRANTEES HANDBOOK. A TRANSIT TRAINING PROGRAM PY - 1989/03 SP - v.p. AB - The purpose of this project was to develop and conduct a 4-day procurement course, at the university level, for UMTA grantees working with UMTA Third Party Contracting programs at urban mass transit authorities. Two pilot courses were developed and conducted at George Washington University in January and February of 1989. A course curriculum and handbook was developed that incorporated agency procurement contractual policies, procedures and guidelines of a legal, political, regulatory and procedural nature. Seminar comments and critiques of the 47 participants helped develop the recommendations documented in this report. Recommendations called for the institutionalizing and conducting the training program in various locations throughout the U.S. Additional courses, similar in design and structure, were also recommended. This handbook was designed as a desk reference book to be used by participants at their workplace. It discusses the principles of procurement policies, procedures and practices of third party contracting for UMTA grantees. The final report (UMTA-DC-11-0018-89-1) summarizes the study's technical approach, analyzes seminar results and provides recommendations for future activities. KW - Contracting KW - Grant aid KW - Handbooks KW - Procurement KW - Third party contracting KW - Training KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293532 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484828 AU - Lippert, L AU - George Washington Transportation Research Institute. Center for Intelligent Systems Research AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THIRD PARTY CONTRACTING BY UMTA GRANTEES HANDBOOK. A TRANSIT TRAINING PROGRAM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 22 p. AB - The purpose of this project was to develop and conduct a 4-day procurement course, at the university level, for UMTA grantees working with UMTA Third Party Contracting programs at urban mass transit authorities. The seminar aimed to increase their knowledge, understanding, and perspective of the third party contracting program. Two pilot courses were developed and conducted at George Washington University in January and February of 1989. A course curriculum and handbook was developed that incorporated agency procurement contractual policies, procedures and guidelines of a legal, political, regulatory and procedural nature. The comments and critiques of the 47 students were used to develop the recommendations for the program and are documented in this report. Recommendations called for the institutionalization and implementation of the training program to various locations throughout the U.S. Additional courses, of similar design and structure, were recommended, namely: Cost and Pricing, Small Purchase Procedures and Practices, Warranties, and Contract Administration. This final report summarizes the seminar's approach, analyzes and documents the recommendations. The handbook, under separate cover, provides the principles of procurement policies, procedures, and practices of third party contracting for UMTA grantees. It serves as a ready desk reference book. KW - Contracting KW - Grant aid KW - Handbooks KW - Procurement KW - Third party contracting KW - Training KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293281 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484822 AU - McKnight, C AU - Paaswell, R E AU - Michaels, R M AU - University of Illinois, Chicago AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MOVING PEOPLE: AN INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION UPDATE PY - 1989/03 SP - 56 p. AB - This handbook is the second edition of Moving People: An Introduction to Public Transportation. It provides the general public with a brief history of the origins, functions, and objectives of public transportation and explains how public transportation is planned, operated and financed. Why more people don't use public transportation is examined along with user and community benefits. The organizational changes and current role of public transportation are examined along with the issues of costs, sources of funding, private sector involvement, new service strategies and new transit technologies. Future challenges for public transportation, namely--demographic changes, suburban mobility, and job accessibility--are reviewed. Case studies illustrate how transit systems are meeting the emerging challenges. This handbook focuses on transportation services which provide mass transportation within urban areas--bus/electric bus, commuter rail, rapid rail/subway, light rail/streetcar and the newer forms of public transit, paratransit services. KW - Handbooks KW - Light rail transit KW - Ost university research KW - Public transit KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Rapid transit KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293277 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484864 AU - Nelson, J T AU - Wilson, G P AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NOISE REDUCTION EFFECTIVENESS OF RESILIENT RAIL FASTENERS ON STEEL SOLID WEB STRINGER ELEVATED STRUCTURES, VOLUME II. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/03 SP - 411 p. AB - Under the sponsorship of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Technical Assistance program, the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) studied the noise reduction effectiveness of various resilient rail fasteners for steel elevated structures. The study included field and laboratory tests, and limited theoretical modeling to identify and optimize those characteristics which are most effective in reducing noise, while meeting criteria for rail stability. The fasteners studied were: (1) NYCTA Container Plate, (2) Landis A, (3) Landis B, (4) L.B. Foster, (5) Elastic Spike Corporation, (6) Lord A, and (7) Lord B. Only the L.B. Foster, Elastic Spike Corporation, and Lord Fasteners are considered appropriate by the NYCTA for installation. Relatively little A-weighted noise reductions were achieved by any of the fasteners relative to the NYCTA Container Plate, though the Lord fasteners reduced wayside noise by about 2 dBA relative to the NYCTA Container Plate and provided significant reductions in the mid-frequency range of 80 to 500 Hz. Additional findings of the study were that the solid web stringers are the primary source of wayside noise up to 600 Hz. Top plate bending resonance in the 500-700 Hz frequency range may be a significant factor in reducing the vibration isolation effectiveness of resilient rail fasteners. The standing wave elastomer resonance (thickness mode) of resilient fasteners does not appear to be significant to wayside noise reduction at 500 Hz or lower frequencies for the type of fasteners considered. KW - Elevated structures KW - Field tests KW - Laboratory tests KW - Noise control KW - Noise reduction KW - Rail fasteners KW - Resilience (Materials) KW - Steel structures KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vibration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293295 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484118 AU - Klingelhoefer, J W AU - Kuest, R D AU - Mitchell, D J AU - Turanski, A J AU - Battelle AU - MBG Managemment Services, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES FOR ANTI-DRUG PROGRAMS IN MASS TRANSIT PY - 1989/03 SP - 190 p. AB - This report presents information gathered and analyzed in support of UMTA's effort to develop practical guidelines for U.S. transit operators in implementing anti-drug policies and programs. The principal goal of these guidelines is to assist the U.S. mass transit industry to achieve a drug-free transit workforce to protect the health and safety of workers and the public. This report explains the regulatory requirements for transit operators established by 49 CFR Parts 29, 40, and 653. Guidance is provided on cost effective strategies for implementing anti-drug program elements associated with policy formulation, employee and supervisor training, urine specimen collection and testing, recordkeeping and reporting, and establishing Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs). Detailed appendices include sample forms, correspondence, checklists, reference sources, and other tools to assist transit operators in creating workable procedures to meet regulatory requirements. KW - Drug abuse KW - Drug control KW - Drug tests KW - Employee assistance programs KW - Guidelines KW - Implementation KW - Labor force KW - Safety KW - Transit operators KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urinalysis UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56432/implementationg0601batt_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293018 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480818 AU - Prater, G S AU - Alexander, M AU - Williams, R M AU - Jackson State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AN ANALYSIS OF FOUR SELECTED STATE TRANSPORTATION COORDINATION EFFORTS IN SOCIAL SERVICES AND RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PY - 1989/03 SP - 110 p. AB - This research proposed to improve the coordination of specialized transit systems by documenting different systems that have worked effectively as well as deciphering any gaps in management and operations in these selected systems. The study was an analysis of four states' coordination of specialized and rural public transportation services as defined by Section 16(b)(2) and Section 18 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended. The four states that comprised the study were North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida and Mississippi. The study explored issues related to barriers, transportation organizations, technical assistance, coordinated transportation, evaluation measures, performance and effectiveness measures, experience and training of agency directors and operating practices. Some conclusions of the study were that when coordination is mandated by law, continuity of efforts is ensured to the greatest extent. Advisory boards can serve as a buffer between resistance forces and those in favor of coordination or can facilitate coalition building. Decision-making boards render policies and procedures that directly influence the day-to-day operation of transit agencies. Perceived barriers to coordination efforts identified by State Departments of Transportation and Health and Human Services respondents included: differences in funding regulations, physical and geographical differences, differences in management style and in clientele needs. Barriers noted by providers included cost of liability insurance, administrative policy and clientele needs. As regards assets to coordination, respondents indicated that more passengers are being served because of state coordination efforts, particularly in rural communities. KW - Case studies KW - Coordination KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Service agencies KW - Social service KW - Transit management KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291689 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647123 AU - Wegman, F J AU - Todd, A AU - Volpe, R AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - FIRST TENNESSEE HUMAN RESOURCE AGENCY. JOHNSON CITY, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1989/02 SP - 51 p. AB - First Tennessee Human Resource Agency (FTHRA) operates in six counties in Northeast Tennessee. The FTHRA transportation program provided 171,907 trips in FY 1988; 2,675 wheelchair trips were provided during the first 11 months of FY 1989. The 1980 nonurbanized population of the six counties was 185,091. All FTHRA services are available to the general public; contract riders are served with regular fixed-route services; route deviations are made to accommodate additional riders with 24-hour advance notice. KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Fixed routes KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Tennessee KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387061 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00647122 AU - Stammer, R E AU - Southeastern Transportation Center TI - SOUTH CENTRAL TENNESSEE DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT. RURAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM, COLUMBIA, TENNESSEE (DRAFT) PY - 1989/02 SP - 65 p. AB - The South Central Tennessee Development District (SCTDD) serves as a "coordinating agency" for Section 18 rural public transportation services in 13 counties in the southern portion of middle Tennessee. In May 1982 SCTDD began service coordination and financial management of its public transportation program for 13 senior citizen centers with funds from the Section 18 program of FEA and Title III-B of the Older Americans Act. Current coordination and management services have grown and now involve 18 agencies in the 13-county area. 13 senior citizen centers and five social service agencies now receive SCTDD assistance. KW - Aged KW - Public transit KW - Rural transit KW - Special user groups KW - Tennessee UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/387060 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485827 AU - Shanley, J AU - Central New York Regional Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ORION II BUS DEMONSTRATION. FINAL DEMONSTRATION PROJECT PY - 1989/02 SP - 123 p. AB - The Central New York Regional Transportation Authority (CNYRTA) conducted an 18-month demonstration to determine how the ORION II bus operates in actual transit service. The ORION II vehicle is a small low floor, accessible heavy duty transit bus designed to meet the needs of the elderly and handicapped. It has the capacity to seat 26 passengers with 4 wheelchair lockdowns. Side and rear doors are equipped with electrically powered ramps. Data was collected from 2 ORION II vehicles operating in fixed-route service in Fulton, NY; and from 3 ORION II buses operating in demand-response service in Syracuse, NY. Test vehicles accumulated 52,000 miles in Fulton, and 36,000 miles in Syracuse. Eight Thomas vehicles (22-foot, 11,500 lbs, wheelchair equipped buses) were also tested during this demonstration period. Operations (fuel and oil usage) and maintenance (scheduled and unscheduled) data were collected and charted-out in this report as well as driver, passenger, and maintenance surveys. Results show the ORION II bus more successful in fixed-route service than in demand-responsive. ORION II holds more wheelchairs and more ambulatory passengers. It can hold larger motorized chairs as a result of having a ramp rather than lift. Driver and passenger surveys show preference for ORION I vehicles, even though noise, fumes, and side-seatings were somewhat annoying. This report provides descriptions, photographs, and comparison charts of both the diesel-fueled ORION II transit bus and gasoline-fueled Thomas vehicles along with the demonstration test plan, evaluations, conclusions, and survey results. KW - Aged KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Buses KW - Data collection KW - Demonstration projects KW - Diesel engines KW - Gasoline engines KW - Low floor vehicles KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Small buses KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 3 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297596 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480693 AU - Crew, R E AU - Weither, G W AU - University of Houston AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AUTOMATION IN THE METROPOLITAN TRANSIT AUTHORITY OF HARRIS COUNTY, TEXAS AND ITS EFFECTS ON PRODUCTIVITY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/02 SP - 67 p. AB - In 1979 the Harris County (Texas) Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) purchased HouTran--a bus system "in ruins." In 1985 this same bus system (renamed Metro) was recognized as one of the best systems in America. Many factors contributed to this dramatic change--new management, new personnel, new productivity brought about by the installation of an automated management information system (MIS). The purpose of this report is to systematically organize and share with other transit agencies Metro's experience and perception of the value of implementing these automated systems. This report describes the process by which a multi-element MIS was installed at Houston Metro and analyzes the impact of that installation on human productivity. The report begins with a history of mass transit events in Houston and describes the environment in which MIS was introduced. Two tasks were undertaken. The process analyses portion/task of this report documents the MIS implementation process and identifies problem areas and strategies addressing such problems. The impact analyses portion measures productivity in each automated area and analyzes relationships between the automated systems and productivity. Manual systems that were automated--vehicle maintenance, scheduling, accounting and others--and benefits derived from MIS are charted-out. Although productivity increased substantially between 1979-1985, the study does not link these improvements solely to automated systems. However, a plausible connection is established between the introduction of the vehicle maintenance program and the decline in the number of employees in that department. KW - Automated transit system KW - Automated vehicle control KW - Bus transportation KW - Houston (Texas) KW - Impact studies KW - Implementation KW - Management information systems KW - Productivity KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291654 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480692 AU - Rabinowitz, H Z AU - Beimborn, E AU - Lindquist, P S AU - Opper, D M AU - University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MARKET BASED TRANSIT FACILITY DESIGN. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/02 SP - 241 p. AB - The guidelines provided in this document reflect the view that transit services and facilities should be designed from a market-based point of view. The purpose of this report is to provide planning and design guidelines for transit stations, stops and terminals. Design elements are suggested that directly relate promoting the success of development activities and transit services. The report discusses general development policies and provides guidelines for the planning and design of six station types: CBD rail stations, Neighborhood rail, Park-and-Ride stations, Transit malls, Transfer centers and Local stops. These stations are examined through four phases of planning and design: Systems planning, Site planning, Station design and Operations/management. Each station type is discussed in terms of location, market, connections, access, information, image, user comfort, safety and security, operations and management. This report was developed by a research team with engineering, architectural, planning and urban geographical backgrounds. Information was compiled from site visits and transit related literature, human behavioral analysis and planning studies. The research concepts in this report are clearly illustrated and easily grasped. KW - Bus stops KW - Central business districts KW - Guidelines KW - Joint development KW - Market based KW - Park and ride KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Railroad stations KW - Real property KW - Station design KW - Structural design KW - Transfer points KW - Transit malls KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/7000/7000/7061/824.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291653 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487987 AU - Engrebetson, G D AU - Contract Services Association of America AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINAL REPORT TECHNOLOGY IMPACTS EVALUATION PY - 1989/02 SP - 23 p. AB - Assessed is the capital and operating cost savings possible from competitively contracting out maintenance services. Five public transit agencies which expend over $3 billion per year for operating and capital outlays were selected for on site inspection of maintenance practices and comparisons to state-of-the-art practices at other public and private agencies. It was found that the transit industry as a whole could indeed realize cost savings in both operating and capital outlays by contracting out for maintenance services. Although this report did not subject each of the selected agencies to close scrutiny, it is suggested that pilot projects be undertaken for this purpose and to verify project recommendations and refine maintenance contracting processes. KW - Capital costs KW - Contracting KW - Cost control KW - Cost savings KW - Evaluation KW - Maintenance practices KW - Operating costs KW - Public transit KW - Technology KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298542 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487982 AU - Deutsch, S AU - New York City Department of Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMMUTER VAN SERVICE POLICY II STUDY PY - 1989/02 SP - 195 p. AB - The 1986 Commuter Van Service Policy I made the case that commuter van service should not be viewed as illegitimate operations but as integral components of the public transportation industry. The objectives of Commuter Van Service Policy II are to recommend ways commuter vans might fill in service gaps, facilitate access to job markets, accommodate growth, reduce travel time to rapid or express bus stops, and to ameliorate off-street parking and on-street congestion problems. This report presents 4 case studies, each representing a different land use category, that illustrate the many ways van services may complement the existing transit network regardless of the type of land use involved. The 4 case studies documented in this report are the following: Bellevue Hospital and Adjacent Medical Facilities; South Richmond, Staten Island; Hunters Point, Queens; and Zerega Industrial Park. This study explores existing conditions and trends and makes recommendations for privatization opportunities. It is anticipated that this study will be used by public planning organizations, transit operating agencies and van operators to identify and implement a rational and cost-effective mix of van and other transit services. KW - Case studies KW - Commuting KW - Coordination KW - Integrated transportation systems KW - Land use KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Transportation policy KW - Umta section 8 KW - Vans UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298538 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485858 AU - Public Financial Management, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINAL REPORT--INTERGOVERNMENTAL FINANCIAL RISKS OF NEW RAIL START PROJECTS PY - 1989/02 SP - n.p. AB - This report will examine the issue of risk as it relates to new rail systems from three perspectives: the local governments, the transit operator, and the Urban Mass Transportation Administration. In case study format, how new systems in Atlanta, Georgia, Buffalo, New York, Dallas, Texas, Denver, Colorado, St. Louis, Missouri, and Sacramento, California have addressed or are addressing the risks which face their particular situations are discussed. The goal of the report is to provide a guide to local officials, transit managers, and the Urban Mass Transportation Administration in assessing the risks to their organizations before commencing a new system, and to best address those risks in a manner consistent with undertaking a new project. KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Light rail transit KW - Local government KW - New systems KW - Risk assessment KW - Technological innovations KW - Transit operators KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - United States KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299836 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00482911 AU - Mouchahoir, G E AU - Stephanou, D J AU - George Mason Univeristy AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - USE OF VIDEO TECHNOLOGY IN BUS MAINTENANCE. FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/02 SP - 84 p. AB - Use of video technology as an effective training tool is rapidly increasing. Technological change has forced industry to adopt new competitive strategies--a new blend of skills and knowledge. Training is redefined as a skill building process rather than information giving. The purpose of this research is to determine the video technology available in bus maintenance, to evaluate its effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and to examine its future application as a training tool. This report begins with a discussion of the problems associated with changes in the training process and the design, organization and evaluation of training programs. Chapter 3 looks into the problems and solutions of bus maintenance programs in the transit industry. Chapter 4 discusses a wide-range of training technologies such as TV Networking, Computer-Assisted Instructions, Optical Videodisc Systems and others. Chapter 5 provides a two-phased approach for evaluating and assessing video technology, and Chapter 6 discusses the cost-effectiveness of new training technologies. The final Chapter 7 looks at the future of video technology and its integration with expert systems. This research concludes that video technology is a cost-effective training technique whose use is rapidly expanding. It requires a larger initial budget for course development, but lower ongoing per usage cost as compared to conventional methods. This report provides a list of Video Vendors, the results of the Ford Study, and a List of References. KW - Assessments KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Expert systems KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance KW - Videotapes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/292538 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01412614 AU - Rodano, E AU - United States. Urban Mass Transportation Administration. Office of Technical Assistance and Safety TI - Technical assistance and safety programs: fiscal year 1988 project directory PY - 1989/01 IS - UMTA/UTS-22-89-1 SP - 76p AB - This Directory contains brief descriptions of Technical Assistance and Safety Projects initiated during Fiscal Year 1988 by the Office of Technical Assistance and Safety (UTS), Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) of the US Department of Transportation. Its purpose is to inform the public and especially the transit industry of the nature and scope of work underway to assist State and local agencies in improving services and reducing the cost of public transportation. Under the Technical Assistance and Safety Program, assistance is provided in a broad range of disciplines, including Suburban Mobility Initiatives, Mobility Enhancement, Joint Development, Human Resources Management, Managerial Training Grants, University Research and Training, Rural Transportation, Rail Modernization, Transportation System Initiatives, Safety and Security, and University Transportation Centers (A). KW - Directory KW - Highway safety KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Road safety KW - Rural transport KW - Rural transportation KW - Technology transfer KW - Technology transfer KW - Transport planning KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transport KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1180412 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00674045 AU - Ernst and Whinney TI - TRANSIT FUNDING DISTRIBUTION FORMULA STUDY PY - 1989/01 SP - v.p. AB - The purpose of the study was to examine the mechanisms for distributing the State's public transit assistance fund. The study reviews the current formula for distributing state transit assistance funds and determines if changes to the current formula are needed to accomplish equitable fund distribution. This report summarizes the results of the study. KW - Economics KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Fund allocations KW - Public transit KW - State government KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/412744 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605389 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION JOINT DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE GRANT PROGRAM PY - 1989/01 SP - 25 p. AB - This information packet contains a press release and other detailed material describing UMTA's January 1989 Joint Development Challenge Grant Program. The program encourages public-private joint development through a $20 million challenge grant and a series of seminars on the subject. The private sector role in projects funded should include providing financial resources, marketing acumen, and technical knowhow. The public sector should ensure that the transit project meets a real and substantial public purpose and that the project is consistent with overall transportation development in the area. Criteria for proposals are: (1) Leveraging of Federal dollars to maximize transit benefits to the public. Federal share should not exceed 50 percent. (2) Innovative integration of public and private interests and perspectives. (3) Sound understanding of the opportunities, and pitfalls, of joint development, together with realisitic goals and a practical approach to achieving these goals. KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Joint development KW - Joint programs KW - Private enterprise KW - Proposals KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Rehabilitation (Maintenance) KW - Renovating KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349929 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00488476 AU - CASEY, R F AU - Schwenk, J C AU - Levinson, H S AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPREHENSIVE TRANSIT PLAN FOR THE VIRGIN ISLANDS--TECHNICAL REPORT--FINAL REPORT PY - 1989/01 SP - 310 p. AB - This report contains a description of the elements and recommendations of a transportation study of the islands of St. Thomas, St. Croix, and St. John in the U.S. Virgin Island archipelago. An extensive data collection effort, including traffic volume counts, turning movement counts, a cordon count (Charlotte Amalie), speed and delay runs, transit and taxivan ridership counts, and transit schedule adherence checks, was undertaken to provide the base data for the study. In addition, interviews with Government officials and private citizens concerned with transportation and environmental matters were conducted. St. Thomas transit recommendations included the purchase of new buses, the construction of new maintenance facilities, a substantial increase in service levels, and an open competition for management and operation of the service. For St. Croix, a subsidized taxivan service was recommended on a trial basis on three routes. Highway recommendations included an increase in roadway capacity along the Charlotte Amalie waterfront, reconstruction of critical intersections, traffic engineering improvements, and the implementation of a paid on-street parking program for St. Thomas. Reconstruction of major intersections, several turning movement enhancements, construction of the long-proposed Christiansted bypass, the expansion of off-street parking lots in Christiansted, and on-street parking management changes were recommended for St. Croix. The study endorsed current Department of Public Works plans to rehabilitate sections of major roadways on St. John. Of an institutional nature, it was recommended that a new governmental instrumentality be created to oversee mass transportation (including ferries), parking, and taxi services. Several possible sources of added revenue were discussed as potential means of providing the funding for the needed improvements. KW - Data collection KW - Recommendations KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic counts KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Virgin Islands KW - Umta section 8 KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298829 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487970 AU - Gomez-Ibanez, Jose A AU - Meyer, J R AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATIZING AND DEREGULATING LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES: LESSONS FROM BRITAIN'S BUSES PY - 1989/01 SP - 26 p. AB - Findings are presented with regard to the impact of local bus deregulation in Great Britain. It is noted that competition can be successfully established while maintaining subsidies for unprofitable, but socially necessary bus services; that competition not only can reduce costs and improve productivity, but also encourage more consumer or market-oriented services; that public authorities involvement in deregulated and privatized services is one of both managing the transition and maintaining competition in the privatized industry; and that misgivings and fears that auto traffic congestion will increase and that there will be a negative impact on urban areas and the environment are unfounded. KW - Bus transportation KW - Deregulation KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - United Kingdom KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298527 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484826 AU - Smith (Wilbur) and Associates AU - South Carolina Department of Highways and Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SOUTH CAROLINA FIVE-YEAR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN (1989-1993) PY - 1989/01 SP - v.p. AB - An assessment of public transportation in the State of South Carolina is given. Contents include: Chapter 1: Public Transportation Plan Overview; Chapter 2: Public Transportation Systems, Services and Issues; Chapter 3: Public Transportation Finance and Funding; Chapter 4: Public Transportation Performance Standards; Chapter 5: Coordination of Transportation Services; Chapter 6: Five-Year Public Transportation Development Plan; Chapter 7: Regional Public Transportation Development Plan Summaries and Appendix: Public Transportation Plan Committees. KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - South Carolina KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293531 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480697 AU - Rodano, E M AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SAFETY PROGRAMS: FISCAL YEAR 1988 PROJECT DIRECTORY. ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1989/01 SP - 76 p. AB - This Directory contains brief descriptions of Technical Assistance and Safety Projects initiated during Fiscal Year 1988 by the Office of Technical Assistance and Safety (UTS), Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation. Its purpose is to inform the public and especially the transit industry of the nature and scope of work underway to assist State and local agencies in improving services and reducing the cost of public transportation. Under the Technical Assistance and Safety program, assistance is provided in a broad range of disciplines, including Suburban Mobility Initiatives, Mobility Enhancement, Joint Development, Human Resources Management, Managerial Training Grants, University Research and Training, Rural Transportation, Rail Modernization, Transportation System Initiatives, Safety and Security, and University Transportation Centers. KW - Cost control KW - Directories KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Improvements KW - Joint development KW - Level of service KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Mobility KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Safety KW - Suburbs KW - Technical assistance KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291658 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070676 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Muni Metro turnaround project, San Francisco : environmental impact statement PY - 1989///Volumes held: Draft, Final KW - California KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830061 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00619504 AU - Lloyd's of London Press TI - DECACTUR RAIL STATION ANALYSIS OF FEEDER BUS OPTIONS, JANUARY 1989 PY - 1989 SP - 14 p. AB - The City of Decatur, as part of an overall evaluation of traffic problems within that jurisdiction, requested that MARTA examine the Decatur Station feeder bus configuration. The objective was to reduce automobile-bus traffic conflicts. Input to this study included the results of a 1986 analysis, Origin & Destination Study of Bus Passengers at the Decatur Station. This study analyzes six routes whose passengers alight buses at Decatur station and for whom the station is the termination point. Six options are presented to minimize conflicts between pedestrians, automobile traffic and bus traffic. KW - Bus stops KW - Bus terminals KW - Bus transportation KW - Conflict (Psychology) KW - Feeder buses KW - Feeder services KW - Pedestrian safety KW - Routing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/361826 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00638139 AU - Lloyd's of London Press TI - MARTA STATION ART BOOK PY - 1989 SP - v.p. AB - The idea of art projects in the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority system was initiated by the architects for the first two stations authorized by the MARTA Board of Directors. While realizing that the obvious mission of MARTA is to move people efficiently, effectively and economically in comfort and safety, the Board of Directors and the MARTA staff have also recognized that the visual and physical environments are significant contributing elements in pursuing the mission. This booklet provides an illustration and a brief description of the art project at each station of the MARTA system. KW - Architecture KW - Beautification KW - Human factors KW - Marketing KW - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority KW - Railroad stations KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Station design KW - Structural design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/381986 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00634143 AU - Kaiser, R G AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - A GUIDE TO SUCCESSFUL TRANSPORTATION SERVICES MONITORING PY - 1989 SP - 15 p. AB - With the encouragement of state and federal governments, an increasing number of transportation agencies are contracting various on-street transportation services to the private sector. It is incumbent upon the sponsoring agency to ensure that the services provided meet with user needs and comply with contractual requirements. Exact needs vary by the specifics of the services contracted. This report outlines approaches to ensure service quality and quantity without undue cost. KW - Contracting out KW - Level of service KW - Needs assessment KW - Private enterprise KW - Quality of service KW - Safety KW - User benefits KW - User needs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/374643 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496822 AU - George Mason Univeristy AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUBURBAN MOBILITY PY - 1989 SP - n.p. AB - The National Conference on Suburban Mobility was a joint conference on the part of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration and George Mason University to address problems related to suburban and urban traffic congestion. The Conference was held at Tyson's Corner in Northern Virginia on November 30-December 1, 1989. It consisted of plenary sessions and breakout sessions. The breakout sessions addressed the following topics: Public perspectives on public/private partnerships; Private perspectives on such partnerships; Land use and transportation planning; The collaborative process in planning; and How to deal with both supply management and demand management. The central theme of the conference was the critical importance of involvement by urban and suburban activity centers in transportation programs. This report is the summary of the conference results, findings and presentations. KW - Activity centers KW - Demand KW - Governments KW - Land use KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Private enterprise KW - Public private partnerships KW - Suburbs KW - Supply KW - Supply management KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/312378 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479525 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Department of Agriculture TI - NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR RECONNECTING RURAL AMERICA PY - 1989 SP - n.p. AB - The National Conference on Reconnecting Rural America, held in Omaha, Nebraska, on August 22-24, 1988, brought together leaders of public and private agencies and organizations concerned about the mobility needs of rural Americans. Meeting in workshops, participants addressed "what" needs to be done, and each workshop identified recommended actions for each of nine components determined at three earlier regional symposia. Follow-up workshops concentrated on "who" woould take the recommended actions and "when" such actions should be taken. This document presents a summary of each workshop's component, the actions recommended, the implementing agency or organization, and time frames for implementation. KW - Conferences KW - Implementation KW - Mobility KW - Needs assessment KW - Recommendations KW - Rural areas KW - Transportation planning KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/288059 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489805 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RESERVED PARKING INITIATIVE OF THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION PY - 1989 SP - v.p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) is providing funding assistance for participants in its Reserved Parking Initiative. The purpose of this initiative is to foster the development of public-private partnerships to provide vitally needed commuter parking facilities. Its objectives are to increase transit ridership, reduce transit agency capital requirements, leverage scarce public funds, and maximize opportunities for value capture. Reserved parking spaces would be both privately owned (either as individual or tenancy owned spaces) and publicly owned. Operation and maintenance would be the responsibility of all of the parking facility's owners. Included in this report are application procedures, models of parking concepts, and questions and answers concerning the initiative. KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Initiatives KW - Joint development KW - Ownership KW - Public private partnerships KW - Reserved parking KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Value capture UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299989 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489803 AU - NuStats, LLC AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINAL REPORT FROM THE CENSUS OF TARRANT COUNTY MOBILITY IMPAIRED RESIDENTS PY - 1989 SP - 103 p. AB - The North Central Texas Council of Governments and the Fort Worth Transportation Authority contracted NuStats, Inc. to conduct a census of the mobility impaired Tarrant County residents. The purpose of the survey was to estimate the number of MI residents, to measure the incidence level of mobility impairment, assess their transportation behavior and needs, and project ridership trends. The project included the following procedures: a telephone survey of agencies (21) that provide services to the disabled; telephone survey of mobility impaired residents; and an analysis of the mobility impaired population trends. The 663 interviews were conducted from December 9, 1988 through January 6, 1989 (3.8 percent margin of error). This report documents and charts-out the survey results and procedures used to prepare the 1989-1993 ridership estimate and mobility impaired population estimate. The report includes background information, agency survey results, disabled persons survey results, disabled population profiles, ridership projections, and conclusions and recommendations for servicing the increasing demand for transportation services for the disabled population. The 2 appendices in this report document the mobility impaired and agency survey instruments. The survey results show that the demand for transportation services by disabled Tarrant County residents will continue to increase. The number of citizens, age 65 or older, is projected to increase by about 12,000--net increase of about 1,200 disabled persons in this age group. Another 800-900 disabled residents, under 65 years, will swell the total to more than 2,000 additional residents in 1993 than there are currently in Tarrant County. KW - Aged KW - Census KW - Data collection KW - Demographics KW - Mobility KW - Mobility impaired KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Ridership KW - Surveys KW - Travel demand KW - Umta section 8 KW - Visually impaired persons UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299228 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487989 AU - Public Private Transportation Network AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - GUIDANCE FOR DEVELOPING A BUSINESS PLAN FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL CHALLENGE GRANT PROPOSALS PY - 1989 SP - 46 p. AB - Developed to assist Entrepreneurial Challenge Grant applicants prepare and present sound business proposals to the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA), this publication serves as a general guideline for applicants. KW - Challenge grant KW - Entrepreneurs KW - Guidelines KW - Proposals KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298544 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484890 AU - United Bus Owners of America AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE CHALLENGE--PUBLIC AND PRIVATE: A PARTNERSHIP FOR BETTER TRANSPORTATION. THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SERVICES CHALLENGE GRANT PROGRAM PY - 1989 SP - 11 p. AB - The Department of Transportation's Entrepreneurial Services Challenge Grant Program is an effort to improve mobility in areas which face severe traffic congestion problems and are underserved by traditional mass transit by providing both financial and technical assistance to grantees. The aided projects have in turn, stimulated new or improved transit services in various communities throughout the United States. Projects which have been successfully undertaken in Akron, Ohio, Ann Arbor, Michigan, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, two suburbs in Chicago, Illinois (Oak Brook and Woodfield), Washington, D.C. (Kenilworth-Parkside), and West Miami Florida are presented. KW - Financing KW - Limousines KW - Mobility KW - Paratransit services KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Reverse commuting KW - Shuttle buses KW - Technical assistance KW - Transit services KW - United States KW - Vans UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293303 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480827 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ALTERNATIVE FUELS INITIATIVE PROGRAM PY - 1989 SP - 6 p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration is soliciting applications for projects which utilize alternative fuels in a wide range of transit applications for its Alternative Fuels Initiative Program in hopes that such a program will provide an avenue for placing alternative fueled vehicles into the mainstream of transit revenue service operations while getting transit systems in the forefront of the battle for clean air and energy security. With mounting concerns over the greenhouse effect and complaints concerning exhaust emissions from buses, the objectives of the Alternative Fuels Initiative are to: 1) Encourage the adoption of alternative fuels in a wide range of transit applications to improve air quality; 2) Enhance suburban and urban mobility through increased use of low-polluting transit services; 3) Encourage the creation of new jobs through the expansion of alternative fuel production and markets; 4) Encourage the adoption of alternative fuels to reduce the nation's dependency on foreign sources of energy and increase the use of the nation's natural and renewable energy resources; 5) Encourage entrepreneurial opportunities for new transit services utilizing alternative fuels; and 6) Document alternative fuels as safe and cost-effective for a wide range of transit applications. KW - Air quality management KW - Alternate fuels KW - Buses KW - Diesel engines KW - Energy consumption KW - Energy resources KW - Energy sources KW - Exhaust gases KW - Gasoline engines KW - Public transit KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Urban areas UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291696 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622104 AU - Bridgeman, M S AU - Battelle Memorial Institute TI - USEFUL LIFE OF TRANSIT VEHICLES PY - 1988/12 SP - 113 p. AB - This study was performed to assist UMTA in relating vehicle life expectancy values to economics, design specifications, vehicle usage, maintenance and rebuilding. This report documents vehicle lifetimes; examines relationships among economic life, design life, and service life; reviews the decision process for vehicle replacement used by transit authorities; and makes appropriate vehicle useful life recommendations. Vehicles of primary concern are standard transit buses and rapid, light, and commuter rail cars. Data were obtaines through site visits to selected authorities, mail and telephone contacts with vendors and additional authorities, reviews of procurement specifications, and reviews of reports by UMTA, APTA, and others. KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Commuter cars KW - Light rail vehicles KW - Maintenance KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Vehicle maintenance KW - Vehicle performance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362768 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484820 AU - Urban Systems, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COORDINATING SPECIAL TRANSPORTATION SERVICES IN LOUISIANA PY - 1988/12 SP - 340 p. AB - This Special Transportation Enhancement Demonstration Program was initiated in 1987 to inventory UMTA Section 16(b)(2) special transportation services in two parishes in Louisiana, and to develop and implement a coordinated transportation program for the elderly and handicapped (E&H) and disadvantaged patrons in rural Tangipahoa and urban Orleans Parishes. The intent was to identify coordination activities that reduced capital and operating costs and enhanced special services. It developed a planning model to coordinate special services statewide, reduce waste, and identified national implications for other urban and rural systems. Part 1 presents a comprehensive inventory and operational analysis of 16(B)(2) services for each parish, and an identification, evaluation, and selection of alternative coordination packages for a demonstration project. Part 2 consists of an actual demonstration of alternatives to determine options to reduce capital and operating costs; and recommendations for improving services in urban Orleans and Tangipahoa Parishes. The concept developed and discussed to achieve maximum coordination at minimum state cost is the centralized private operator. This report presents implementation guidelines and recommendations for enhancing services. Ten appendices and numerous tables chart-out trip and ridership profiles, questionnaires, reporting procedures, online database for a central provider system, annotated bibliography etc. Appendix J provides a manual with 9 different methods to help 16(b)(2) operators reduce operating costs and improve services. Companion reports are titled: Special Transportation Enhancement Program: Project Evaluation Report, UMTA-LA-06-0007-88-2; and Cost Saving Methods for Special Transportation Programs, DOT-T-89-09/UMTA-LA-06-0007-88-3. KW - Aged KW - Coordination KW - Louisiana KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Rural areas KW - Social service agencies KW - Special service KW - Transportation disadvantaged persons KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban areas KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56370/coordinatingspe8908urba_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293275 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480695 AU - Cervero, R AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT SERVICE CONTRACTING: CREAM-SKIMMING OR DEFICIT-SKIMMING? FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/12 SP - 126 p. AB - This report examines the extent to which there is any proof that transit service contracting results in "cream-skimming"--the transfer of profitable services from public to private operation. The analysis suggests that there is no credible basis to the cream-skimming argument. Using cost and revenue data for fixed-route bus services of 25 public transit agencies across the United States, it was found that fewer than one percent of fixed bus routes either make a profit or break even. A conservative approach to cost estimation was used, only measuring the direct, day-to-day operating costs and ignoring factors such as fixed facility depreciation, debt service, and administrative overhead. If these additional cost factors were considered, the share of profitable public bus routes would be even less. Thus, there appears to be very little "cream" to skim in the first place. The analysis also found that there is little evidence of scale economies in the transit industry, suggesting that load-shedding of peak demand would be tantamount to deficit-skimmming. Finally, the research demonstrates that as practiced to date, public transit agencies engaged in competitive contracting remain the sponsors of all services. That is, they control all aspects of service design, scheduling and performance, and pricing. As long as they retain total policy oversight of contracts, there should be no occasion for services to somehow surreptitiously be "stolen" by private firms. In fact, the few occasions where private firms have taken over bus routes previously operated by public transit agencies have involved the transfer of the poorest performing routes in the agencies' fleets. In sum, there appears no credible basis for the cream-skimming claim. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Contracting KW - Cream skimming KW - Deficits KW - Fixed routes KW - Governments KW - Ost university research KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://www.bts.gov/NTL/DOCS/TCS.html UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/TCS.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291656 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487998 AU - COX, W AU - LOVE, J AU - American Bus Association AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DESIGNING PUBLIC TRANSIT COMPETITIVE CONTRACTING PROGRAMS: THE PUBLIC PERSPECTIVE. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/12 SP - 38 p. AB - Competitive contracting is a cost-effective service used for the delivery of public transit services by public agencies. This report states that the success of competitive contracting rests on 2 crucial issues: full public control and cost-effective services. The purpose of this research is to review cases in competitive contracting design and to make recommendations for practices favorable to public agencies competitively contracting public transit services. In depth interviews were conducted with administrators of these programs as well as detailed analyses of actual contracts in each of the cases. More mature programs were surveyed to capture the long term lessons and to assess the attitudes of the more experienced contract administrators. Contracts surveyed in this study covered all major classifications of public transit services--fixed-route and demand responsive. Detailed contract analyses and interviews were conducted with the following services: San Diego County, Milwaukee County, Suffolk County (New York), Hammond (Indiana), Ann Arbor (Michigan), Johnson County (Kansas), Yolo County (California), Miami (Florida), Carson (California), Chicago Transit Authority (CTA), and Fort Wayne (Indiana). In each of the cases, private companies provided service operations including maintenance and use of their own vehicles. This research examines and discusses competitive contracting and the public purpose as well as the following areas related to competitive contracting: Procurement Process, Service and Contract Design, Monitoring Contracted Services, Assessment of Competitive Contracting Experiences, and Principles of Successful Contracting Design. KW - Case studies KW - Competition KW - Contracting KW - Design KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298546 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484827 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE FUTURE OF TRANSIT IN THE BAY AREA. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS PY - 1988/12 SP - 58 p. AB - The Future of Transit in the Bay Area report is a response to Section 331 of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 that requires the Secretary of Transportation in cooperation with the San Francisco BART and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, to undertake a comprehensive study of BART's future. The study focuses on the development of financing alternatives for the Phase 1 rail extensions identified in the Regional Transportation Plan. The study examines the recent locally developed Phase 1 rail extension plan, the financial conditions of Bay Area transit operators, their current funding sources and their ability to finance ongoing operations. It also looks at their ability to maintain and replace the existing transit infrastructure. The Phase 1 plan, estimated at $2.1 billion, would fund 5 major rail projects: BART extensions from Concord to West Pittsburg, Fremont to Warm Springs, Hayward to Dublin, Daly City to San Francisco International Airport; and Caltrain extension to downtown San Francisco. Controlling costs is vital. If the Bay Area operators can control operating costs so that the growth of existing tax revenues exceeds the rate of increase in operating costs, a significant surplus could be generated beginning in five to ten years. The region currently generates a small surplus which provides for improvements. This source could also provide funding for the extensions. KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Legislation KW - Line extensions (Rail transit) KW - Regional transportation KW - San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293280 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484114 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPREHENSIVE TRANSIT PLAN FOR THE VIRGIN ISLANDS. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS PY - 1988/12 SP - 28 p. AB - The United States Virgin Islands are home to more than 110,000 residents and vacation lands to more than 1,300,000 tourists each year. Increased population and tourism have created problems of deteriorating bus service and traffic congestion. Lack of popular consensus and limited financial resources have hindered improvements. This study of transportation in the Virgin Islands was initiated in response to the mandate contained in Section 355 of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987. It addresses the mass transportation needs of the Virgin Islands (St. Thomas, St. Croix, and St. John Islands) as well as means to reduce the traffic congestion and improve parking in the urban centers. This report documents the major findings and recommendations of the study. Traffic improvement plans are charted-out along with recommended plan costs. This study reports that added revenues for transit are necessary if transit is to become a viable mode of transportation in the Virgin Islands. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Parking KW - Tourism KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - U.S. Virgin Islands KW - Umta section 8 KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293015 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00482910 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PHILADELPHIA ABANDONED TROLLEY RESTORATION FEASIBILITY STUDY. REPORT TO CONGRESS PY - 1988/12 SP - 23 p. AB - This study is a response to a congressional request contained in Section 334 of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 (Public Law 100-17). The study was undertaken to evaluate the desirability of restoring streetcar service to four segments (Routes 60, 6, 50-northern section, and 50-historic section) of the abandoned lines of Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) streetcar system in the City of Philadelphia. The objective of the study was to determine whether the quantifiable benefits of restored streetcar service on segments with track and/or power, still in place, would warrant the necessary financial investment to restore and upgrade the remaining facilities. This study was undertaken as a cooperative enterprise of UMTA, SEPTA and the City of Philadelphia. The City of Philadelphia has expressed disagreement with some of the conclusions contained in this report. KW - Economic conditions KW - Economic impacts KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) KW - Restoration KW - Streetcars KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/292537 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480823 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE FUTURE OF TRANSIT IN THE BAY AREA. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS PY - 1988/12 SP - 58 p. AB - The Future of Transit in the Bay Area report is a response to Section 331 of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 that requires the Secretary of Transportation in cooperation with the San Francisco BART and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, to undertake a comprehensive study of BART's future. The study focuses on the development of financing alternatives for the Phase 1 rail extensions identified in the Regional Transportation Plan. The study examines the recent locally developed Phase 1 rail extension plan, the financial conditions of Bay Area transit operators, their current funding sources and their ability to finance ongoing operations. It also looks at their ability to maintain and replace the existing transit infrastructure. The Phase 1 plan, estimated at $2.1 billion, would fund 5 major rail projects: BART extensions from Concord to West Pittsburg, Fremont to Warm Springs, Hayward to Dublin, Daly City to San Francisco International Airport; and Caltrain extension to downtown San Francisco. Controlling costs is vital. If the Bay Area operators can control operating costs so that the growth of existing tax revenues exceeds the rate of increase in operating costs, a significant surplus could be generated beginning in five to ten years. The region currently generates a small surplus which provides for improvements. This source could also provide funding for the extensions. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Finance KW - Financial sources KW - Legislation KW - Line extensions (Rail transit) KW - Operating costs KW - San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291694 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479843 AU - Farkas, Z A AU - Ayele, M AU - Morgan State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A GUIDE TO STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR TRANSIT PROPERTIES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/12 SP - 171 p. AB - Strategic planning is a management tool used to analyze fundamental issues and changes and to aid managers in effecting organizational response to change. It differs from other forms of long-range planning because of its emphasis on environmental change, plan implementation, and monitoring of results. This guide is a reference tool for transit managers who wish to manage strategically. It is a source of information on the evolution and application of strategic planning in various organizations. The objectives of the report are: to explain why transit agencies should plan and manage strategically; to demonstrate how strategic planning works; to present cases of strategic planning in the transit industry; and to recommend a framework for strategic planning. The guide presents and discusses a review of the strategic planning/management literature in terms of participation in strategic planning conferences and workshops, strategic plans and case studies of five transit properties' strategic planning efforts. The five case studies of strategic planning examined in this report are: Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District, New Jersey Transit, Port Authority of Allegheny County Transit, Seattle Metro Transit, and Utah Transit. The first fundamental conclusion resulting from this project was that upper management, particularly the general manager, must make an early and serious commitment of time and resources to the strategic planning effort. This means that management must organize and actively participate in the process to lend it the credibility and direction that only management can give. KW - Case studies KW - Guidelines KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Strategic planning KW - Transit management KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56426/guidetostrategi9007unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291117 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479053 AU - SUMANTH, D J AU - WEISS, H J AU - Adya, B AU - University of Miami, Coral Gables AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF AUTOMATION ON PRODUCTIVITY IN BUS MAINTENANCE FACILITIES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/12 SP - 95 p. AB - Whether or not the various types of automation and new technologies introduced in a bus transit system really have an impact on productivity is the question addressed in the study. This report describes a new procedure of productivity measurement and evaluation for a county transit system and provides an objective perspective on the impact of automation on productivity in bus maintenance facilities. The research objectives were: to study the impact of automation on total productivity in transit maintenance facilities; to develop and apply a methodology for measuring the total productivity of a Floridian transit maintenance facility (Bradenton-Manatee County bus maintenance facility which has been introducing automation since 1983); and to develop a practical step-by-step implementation scheme for the total productivity-based productivity measurement system that any bus manager can use. All 3 objectives were successfully accomplished. A literature review was conducted and classified as software-related and hardware-related automation. The operational version of the Total Productivity Model (TPM), developed by Sumanth, was selected as the tool for quantifying the productivity concepts applicable to transit operations. TPM is an excellent macro-level measurement system that pinpoints the resources whose utilization needs improving. The practical implication of TPM is that transit management can objectively plan profits based on the ability to reach pre-established targets of total productivity. The 11-step TPM implementation procedure developed in conjunction with the proposed statistical methods enables a transit manager to conduct "WHAT IF" analyses prior to introducing automation in transit operations. KW - Automation KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Productivity KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287539 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479054 AU - Cotterman, A G AU - Mansfield, E G AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TEST FACILITY ASSESSMENT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/12 SP - 75 p. AB - Testing of automobiles, trucks, buses, or other vehicles can be conducted at a number of U.S. test facilities. This assessment documents an investigation of the capabilities of the test facilities to conduct tests of transit buses similar to those which will be required under Section 317 (b) of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act (STURAA) of 1987. The STURAA requires testing new transit bus models for maintainability, reliability, safety, performance, structural integrity, fuel economy, and noise. Section 319 of the STURAA requires a recipient of Federal financial assistance to provide adequate technical inspection of all work in progress. UMTA allows the inspection to be performed by the recipient or through technical consultants, therefore this assessment may be used as a reference for those parties interested in vehicle testing. This report provides a review of existing vehicle test facilities in the United States. It presents information on the types of tests which have been conducted at the test facilities, test facility layouts and significant features, and, where available, prices for conducting tests at the facilities. Requirements for facility modifications in order to conduct the tests are identified. KW - Assessments KW - Buses KW - Test facilities KW - Testing KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287540 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487980 AU - PARKER, J AU - Miller, M R AU - Savas, E S AU - City College of New York of the City University of New York AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RUNNING PUBLIC TRANSIT IN NEW YORK CITY LIKE A BUSINESS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/11 SP - 255 p. AB - This report reflects the view that competing in the marketplace, reducing unit cost rather than service, and letting management and labor develop a consensus are the essential ingredients to running public transit in New York City like a business. Transit in NYC is a big business that influences other businesses. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority's (MTA) capital program underwrites 15,000 jobs annually and has become the largest, non-federal public works program in the country. This study explores opportunities to establish and expand partnerships with private enterprise in New York's transit business. It examines trends suggesting the basis for partnerships with private enterprise in New York's transit business. It examines trends suggesting the basis for partnerships with private enterprise in producing and delivering transit services. The report presents and reviews 6 case studies for new partnerships with business--CSX Corporation, ConRail, NJ Transit, AMTRAK, TA's railcar overhaul program and MTA's real estate program. By examining these examples of successful business strategies, a number of general findings are offered along with specific proposals for station improvements and automatic fare collection. Tables and charts summarize areas and opportunities for business and government to form new partnerships that will improve transit service and reduce its costs in New York City. To move forward, the study states that institutional barriers will have to be overcome, and that promoting competition at every stage in the process of delivering transit services is a management tool to raise efficiency and even generate new revenues. KW - Businesses KW - Case studies KW - Competition KW - Economic conditions KW - Management KW - New York (New York) KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Transit management KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298536 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485865 AU - Wood, R AU - Best, K AU - Whang, H AU - Hallock, C AU - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPUTERIZED SAFETY INFORMATION AND DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/11 SP - v.p. AB - During the early part of 1983, it became clear that improvements in the collection, analysis and reporting of safety data and information were badly needed. The time intensive task of manipulating and analyzing data and report preparation by hand was actually becoming a detriment to the timely and effective implementation of measures aimed at reducing the frequency of accidents/incidents at the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). It became imperative that WMATA embark on a program for computerizing safety data. The Office of Safety and Fire Protection (SAFP) staff solicited the assistance of WMATA's Office of Management Information Services (MISV) to assist in defining the framework for developing the hardware and software requirements for an office computer system. It was agreed that large data files for rail and bus accidents/incidents which require large databases would be more effectively served by WMATA's large mainframe computers, while the analysis, smaller databases, and report generation could best be served with personal computers (PCs). At the time of the recognition of the need for a computer system, there were no internal funds available. As a result, SAFP solicited assistance from the US Department of Transportation and the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA). Consequently, UMTA granted WMATA a Research and Demonstration Grant of $40,000 for the Computerized Transit Dedicated Safety Information and Analysis System (DSIAS). Subsequently, the DSIAS was developed into the Computerized Safety Information and Data Analysis System. KW - Bus transportation KW - Computers KW - Crash reports KW - Data analysis KW - Government funding KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Personal computers KW - Rapid transit KW - Reporting KW - Reports KW - Safety KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299837 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479842 AU - Iskander, W H AU - Jaraiedi, M AU - West Virginia University, Morgantown AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AN EVALUATION OF THE SPARE RATIO CONCEPT IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TRANSIT ROLLING STOCK. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/11 SP - 182 p. AB - This research investigates the problem of spare vehicles and maximum operating spare ratios in bus transit systems. The report should be of interest to transit agencies interested in managing transit assets. It reflects concerns that the determination of spare ratio and factors affecting its magnitude have not been extensively studied, and that transit systems with a spare ratio in excess of the specified maximum (120 percent) will not be eligible for federal capital resources to purchase, rehabilitate, or store transit vehicles. Statistical techniques were used to investigate the relationship between variations in the spare ratio and characteristics of bus transit systems. The question "substitutability" or the possibility of substituting a vehicle with a different one was examined. A methodology was developed and tested for conducting an assessment of an existing fleet and its service environment such that the possibility of "substitutability" could be tested. Procedures were developed to determine optimal strategies for bus retirement, bus acquisition, and allocation of funds to purchase new equipment. A simulation model was developed to investigate the proper choice of spare ratio in order to maintain a desirable level of service dependability. The model studied the effect of time between bus breakdown and time to repair broken buses as well as other characteristics of the system on the value of spare ratio and the overall performance of the system. The model was successfully validated and used to simulate and study bus operations of the Kanawha Valley Regional Transportation Authority in Charleston, West Virginia. KW - Buses KW - Evaluation KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Ratios KW - Rolling stock KW - Simulation KW - Spare ratio KW - Spare vehicles KW - Transit management KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291116 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00482913 AU - Zelinka, J J AU - Rametta, T P AU - Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UNIFIED REGIONAL SNOW EMERGENCY PLAN FOR THE WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA. REGIONAL SNOW PRIORITY ROUTES PY - 1988/10 SP - 85 p. AB - The purpose of this operations plan is to provide a regional response to snow and ice emergencies in the Washington Metropolitan area. The plan focuses on 4 key operational areas: identification and ability to keep open a network of regional snow priority routes for maintenance of the region's transportation system; establishment and effective operation of a regional communications system during snow emergencies; development of the decision-making process for an early morning "Go, No-Go" delayed opening decision for government offices and private sector places of employment; and for development of public education and public information programs to be implemented prior to snow season. Each of the subject areas, plus weather, is described separately in the Annex section of this report. The plan lists Task Force, Working Group and COG staff members. It provides the rationale for developing the plan, charts-out weather data, and explains the plan's implementation and termination procedures. A map identifying regional snow priority routes is provided as a separate enclosure. Route selection criteria are listed along with lists of personnel engaged in snow clearing operations. This Operations Plan replaces the Unified Regional Snow Emergency Concept Plan 1987-1988 prepared by the Metropolitan Washington COG. Upon receipt of this plan, The 1987 Concept Plan should be discarded. KW - Communications KW - Contingency planning KW - Decision making KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergencies KW - Emergency response KW - Ice KW - Priority treatment KW - Regional planning KW - Routes KW - Snow and ice control KW - Snow emergency plan KW - Snow removal KW - Umta section 8 KW - Washington Metropolitan Area UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/292539 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480817 AU - Francis, G A AU - KING, R AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROVING GROUND COMPARISON OF M.A.N. METHANOL AND DIESEL TRANSIT BUSES. INTERIM REPORT PY - 1988/10 SP - 93 p. AB - The UMTA Methanol Bus Demonstration Program was established to develop information concerning safety, cost of ownership, maintainability, public health, and reliability issues arising from the operation of methanol fueled transit buses. This is the first of a series of proving ground comparisons of methanol demonstration and diesel control transit buses. The tests included cold and warm weather tests of three methanol-fueled and three diesel-fueled M.A.N. transit buses taken from revenue service at Seattle Metro, Washington. The purpose of the tests was to compare three methanol test buses from the demonstration fleet and three diesel control buses under carefully controlled proving ground conditions. Buses were tested for driveability, acceleration and gradeability, and noise at the PACCAR Technical Center (70 miles north of Seattle). The tests compared mature diesel engine technology with recently developed methanol engine technology and reflect the current state of development of one manufacturer's methanol fueled bus. This report provides overall conclusions of the January (cold weather) and August (warm weather) nonrevenue comparisons of the buses. It is recommended that the methanol demonstration proving ground comparisons of methanol and diesel buses be continued, tests be performed with buses by other manufacturers, and that future comparative testing be limited to buses and engines available to bus purchasers on a current basis. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Buses KW - Cold weather KW - Control conditions KW - Demonstration projects KW - Diesel engines KW - Methanol KW - Summer KW - Testing KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291688 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487981 AU - Port Authority of New York and New Jersey AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PORT AUTHORITY TRANS-HUDSON PEAK PERIOD OPERATIONS STUDY PY - 1988/10 SP - 65 p. AB - The PATH system is a 13.9-mile, 13 station, rail rapid transit system connecting Newark, Harrison, Jersey City and Hoboken in New Jersey with Manhattan. Since the acquisition of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad in 1962 and the introduction of the new car fleet in 1965, PATH's traffic has increased from an annual level of 29.2 million in 1962 to 57.6 million in 1986. This passenger volume increase indicates that PATH is not just a link in a regional transportation network but a system affected by independent forces including recent developments in New York and New Jersey. This means that intrastate passenger volumes are expected to significantly increase (including reverse flow passenger volumes), and these projections may overwhelm key constraint points in the PATH system. This study was undertaken to identify capacity and operating constraints and recommend modifications to the PATH physical plant and operating procedures to improve PATH's efficiency and performance. The study includes a review of existing traffic, current trends, and a detailed analysis of the likely PATH traffic generated from major developments near PATH through the 1995 time period. This analysis has culminated in the generation of a passenger traffic forecast that provides PATH with a short range planning tool for assessing future scheduling requirements, operational changes or physical modifications. The study also includes an analysis of various capacity constraints existing throughout the PATH system including station entrances, platforms, car equipment, capacity of signal and traction power systems and minimum operating headways. KW - Capacity KW - Forecasting KW - Passenger volume KW - Peak periods KW - Public transit KW - Rapid transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298537 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484821 AU - Amedee, G AU - Baptiste, M AU - Southern University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SPECIAL TRANSPORTATION ENHANCEMENT DEMONSTRATION PROJECT EVALUATION REPORT PY - 1988/10 SP - 34 p. AB - This report documents a post evaluation review of a Special Transportation Enhancement Demonstration (STED) project conducted by Urban Systems for the Regional Planning Commission and the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. The STED project goals were to inventory 16(b)(2) special transportation services for elderly, handicapped and disadvantaged patrons in rural Tangipahoa and urban Orleans Parishes. The intent was to reduce capital and operating costs and improve special services. The project developed a planning model to coordinate special transportation services statewide and reduce service waste; it identified national implications for other urban and rural systems. This report reviews the following national implication areas of the STED Program: All Coordinating Alternatives; Nationwide Roles and Responsibilities of State DOTs, MPOs, Local and State Social Service Agencies, and RTAs; Concept of Centralization of Special Transportation Resources under a Single Private for Profit Operation; Data Base and Data Collection Regarding Use of UMTA 16(b)(2) Vehicles; 12 Alternatives for Coordinating UMTA 16(b)(2) Programs; and a Comparative Analysis of Operational Economies of Urban Orleans and Rural Tangipahoa Parishes. This evaluation concludes that the STED recommendations are likely to be transferrable nationwide. But it leaves a number of issues for future study. The report evaluated in this study is titled: Coordinating Special Transportation Services in Louisiana, UMTA-LA-06-0007-88-1. KW - Aged KW - Coordination KW - Cost control KW - Cost savings KW - Demonstration projects KW - Evaluation KW - Louisiana KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Rural areas KW - Special service KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban areas KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293276 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480819 AU - Krenelka, T C AU - Turanski, A J AU - Murphy, M J AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - METHANOL BUS PROGRAM DATA ANALYSIS REPORT. INTERIM REPORT PY - 1988/10 SP - 75 p. AB - The UMTA Methanol Bus Demonstration Program was established to develop information concerning safety, cost of ownership, maintainability, public health, and reliability issues resulting from the operation of methanol fueled transit buses. The methanol demonstration started in Seattle, Washington, in September 1987 and in New York City in May 1988. This is the second report of the program. It covers the period from the first introduction of methanol buses into revenue service in September 1987 through June 1988. The data presented in this report are analyzed for mileage, fuel consumption, maintenance actions, and safety/health/accident occurrences for methanol and diesel control buses operating on the same routes. Information from each program participant is reported separately in this report, and it is limited to the analysis of data from Seattle Metro, Triboro Coach Corporation of New York, Jacksonville Transit Authority, and Riverside Transit Agency. The report format includes Operation and Maintenance Data Analysis, Safety and Health Data Analysis and Incident Data Analysis. The appendices provide the following information: Detailed Specifications for diesel and methanol buses in the demonstration; Routes used by the fleets; Discussion of different energy contents of methanol and diesel fuels; and a Driver Survey Questionnaire. Overall, the methanol bus demonstration program is planned to involve a total of 59 methanol fueled buses operating under a variety of operational and environmental conditions. A current listing of program participants and planned participants is included in this report. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Buses KW - Data analysis KW - Demonstration projects KW - Diesel engines KW - Fuel consumption KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Methanol KW - Oil consumption KW - Safety KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291690 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480700 AU - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - WATER INTRUSION IN UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES. APPENDIX VOLUME. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/10 SP - 140 p. AB - This report summarizes an investigation of problems related to water intrusion in underground structures of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Design and construction of the system has been evolving continuously since 1966 and has included a number of innovative features as well as certain special problems related to control of leaking water. The assignment was to investigate four topics of water intrusion: (1) the buildup of hydrostatic pressures and measures for pressure relief; (2) waterproofing procedures in the Metro system and their effectiveness; (3) the special problem of calcification due to precipitation of carbonates in the drainage system of rock tunnels; and (4) special difficulties with the intrusion of acid water in Coastal Plain deposits. The assignment included contacting other rapid transit agencies to evaluate their methods of treating water intrusion. A field test of waterproofing compounds was performed at Dupont Circle and Rosslyn Stations to evaluate the possible effect of sealing of drains in those stations by calcareous precipitates. Studies of the effect of buildup of water pressures indicated little possibility of significant stress increase in the rock station structural lining. An on-going investigation of the effect of acid water intrusion disclosed the abatement of these problems by a natural process of groundwater flushing. KW - Calcification KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater control KW - Hydrostatic pressure KW - Leakage KW - Tunnels KW - Umta section 6 KW - Underground structures KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority KW - Waterproofing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291661 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480699 AU - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - WATER INTRUSION IN UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/10 SP - 163 p. AB - This report summarizes an investigation of problems related to water intrusion in underground structures of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Design and construction of the system has been evolving continuously since 1966 and has included a number of innovative features as well as certain special problems related to control of leaking water. The assignment was to investigate four topics of water intrusion: (1) the buildup of hydrostatic pressures and measures for pressure relief; (2) waterproofing procedures in the Metro system and their effectiveness; (3) the special problem of calcification due to precipitation of carbonates in the drainage system of rock tunnels; and (4) special difficulties with the intrusion of acid water in Coastal Plain deposits. The assignment included contacting other rapid transit agencies to evaluate their methods of treating water intrusion. A field test of waterproofing compounds was performed at Dupont Circle and Rosslyn Stations to evaluate the possible effect of sealing of drains in those stations by calcareous precipitates. Studies of the effect of buildup of water pressures indicated little possibility of significant stress increase in the rock station structural lining. An on-going investigation of the effect of acid water intrusion disclosed the abatement of these problems by a natural process of groundwater flushing. KW - Calcification KW - Groundwater KW - Groundwater control KW - Hydrostatic pressure KW - Leakage KW - Tunnels KW - Umta section 6 KW - Underground structures KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority KW - Waterproofing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291660 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477590 AU - Barnes, K E AU - Urbanik, T AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AUTOMATED TRANSIT RIDERSHIP DATA COLLECTION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/09 SP - 32 p. AB - Transit systems need to periodically collect and analyze ridership data to determine operational efficiency. Data must also be collected by those transit systems that receive Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) funding. An automated data collection system can be used to collect, check, arrange, summarize and store bus ridership data. The initial is more than offset by the savings in employee time after implementation. The Check*mate and TIM software packages developed by Multisystems provides the benefits of an automated data collection system at a reasonable price. However, the documentation that is presently available is inadequate. Implementation of this system would be extremely difficult for a novice user and additional documentation is recommended. The centralized or pooled concept of an automated data collection system that could be made available to small transit systems in Texas was determined to be not feasible. The influencing factor for this decision include, the logistics of providing the equipment to the transit systems, the difficulties of scheduling and communication, the cost of an adequate number of systems and the time required to train the users. The Multisystems system does however appear to be a reasonable expenditure for individual transit systems. The final step in evaluating the benefits of an automated system and the recommendation of this study would be to provide a small transit system with the Multisystems system, appropriate hardware and training and then evaluate its use and effectiveness. KW - Automation KW - Bus transportation KW - Computer programs KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Data collection KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Software UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286653 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479839 AU - Drain, M C AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HEAVY RAIL TRANSIT SAFETY 1987 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1988/09 SP - 36 p. AB - The Heavy Rail Transit Safety 1987 Annual Report is a compendium and analysis of heavy rail transit accident and casualty statistics reported by the thirteen heavy rail transit systems in the United States during 1987, under UMTA's Safety Information Reporting and Analysis System (SIRAS). KW - Crashes KW - Fatalities KW - Injuries KW - Rapid transit KW - Safety KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291113 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00478258 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM. FY 1988 GRANT AWARDS PY - 1988/09 SP - 5 p. AB - The goal of the University Research and Training Program is to assist public and private nonprofit institutions of higher learning in establishing and conducting research and training activities that address urban and rural transportation issues and needs. The grant awardees for 1988 are given. KW - Cooperatives KW - Grant aid KW - Internships KW - Mobility KW - Public private partnerships KW - Research KW - Suburbs KW - Training KW - Umta section 11 KW - Universities and colleges KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287067 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469762 AU - Guess, G M AU - Georgia State University, Atlanta AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR TRANSIT CAPITAL ASSISTANCE BY FORMULA GRANT: THE UMTA SECTION 9 PROGRAM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/09 SP - 76 p. AB - This study examines the impact of the UMTA Section 9 formula program on reduced paperwork and return of control over mass transit funds to state and local levels. It addresses 3 questions: 1) what are the determinants (demographic, legal, and political) of Section 9 effectiveness in allocating capital and meeting local needs? 2) what is the effect of Section 9 formula on transit system management? and 3) how can the formula and system performance measures be improved to enhance capital allocation and to serve local needs? Based on mail survey responses from 42 South Atlantic transit systems (including all heavy and light rail systems), it was found that few external determinants affected the operation of the formula. Organizational structure, eligibility requirements, State DOT criteria, and UMTA priorities affected small system abilities to administer transit aid, but had little effect on large systems. While Section 9 formula stabilized funding and provided money for rolling stock parts via associated capital maintenance, respondents were constrained by some formula features, namely: capital operating distinction, inability to make interstate fund transfers, operating caps, charter regulations, and privatization regulations. The systems believed that they have more paperwork now than before STAA 1982 and that control has not returned to local decisionmakers. The study recommends that capital-operating distinctions be eliminated, and all transit aid be allocated on the basis of current operating statistics and a UZA/VRM capital use measure. KW - Federal aid KW - Finance KW - Financial management KW - Financing KW - Formula grants KW - Grant aid KW - Local government KW - State government KW - Umta section 11 KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280040 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00478113 AU - Goodman, B AU - PECK, C AU - Carrara, J AU - Schwartz, R AU - The Goodman Corporation AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transp AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TURNKEY PARK-AND-RIDE FACILITY INVESTIGATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08/31 SP - 108 p. AB - This report investigates the "turnkey" approach to contracting that Houston's MTA (METRO) successfully utilized in the "fast track" development of its Park-and-Ride program. The report reviews the method by which ten METRO park-and-ride facilities were developed, and the substantial time and monetary benefits achieved through this creative contracting technique. Turnkey contracting has been utilized by SDHPT and by other transportation agencies across the country to develop various transportation facilities. A sample of these projects were reviewed and evaluated. Turnkey contracting has proved to be a cost effective and time saving approach to capital facility develoment for the private sector and for non-federally funded public transportation projects. This report researches the impediments that keep this creative approach to contracting from widespread utilization in federally funded transportation projects. KW - Contracting KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Financing KW - Park and ride KW - Private enterprise KW - Productivity KW - Time savings KW - Turnkey systems KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286997 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477588 AU - MacDorman and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RISK MANAGEMENT MANUAL FOR THE PUBLIC TRANSIT INDUSTRY. VOLUME 2 PY - 1988/08/01 SP - 111 p. AB - The purpose of this 3-volumed manual is to acquaint transit systems with risk management and to explain how to develop, implement, and administer a risk management program. Risk management is a structured process for reducing uncertainty about risks and for controlling losses. Five steps form the framework of the risk management process: Risk Identification, Risk Evaluation, Risk Treatment Analysis, Decision and Implementation, and Monitoring. This Volume 2 (Chapter 4) presents the third step in the structured risk management program, namely--risk treatment analysis which involves the appropriate use of risk control and risk financing tools. Volume 1 explained how to control risk exposure. This Volume 2 describes ways of financing losses that occur regardless of efforts to prevent them. Risk financing is the method an organization chooses to pay for accidental losses arising from organizational operations. In this manual, three methods of risk retention are discussed: self-insurance by an individual organization; pooling; and the use of captive insurance companies. Commercially purchased insurance is discussed in the final Volume 3, Chapter 5. The appendices in this Volume 2 are: Risk Management and Insurance Survey Instrument and Survey Results; Transit Mutual Insurance Company of Wisconsin Allocation Formula and Bylaws; Sample Pool Operating Procedures Guide; and Transit Mutual Insurance Company of Wisconsin Business Plan. KW - Financing KW - Insurance KW - Insurance claims KW - Liability KW - Loss and damage claims KW - Losses KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - Risk management KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56544/riskmanagementm8824macd_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286652 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477589 AU - MacDorman and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RISK MANAGEMENT MANUAL FOR THE PUBLIC TRANSIT INDUSTRY. VOLUME 3 PY - 1988/08/01 AB - The purpose of this 3-volumed Risk Management Manual is to acquaint transit systems with risk management and to explain how to develop, implement, and administer a risk management program. This final Volume (3) consists of Chapters 5-8. Chapter 5 addresses the transfer of risk through commercial insurance and non-insurance contracts. It reviews the evolution of the commercial insurance industry and discusses the more recent concept of risk transfer within a risk management program. It also reviews the general content and structure of a liability insurance policy and provides suggestions on how to review your policies. Chapter 6, Claims and Crisis management, describes the requirements for maintaining information to support risk management, and discusses the requirements for preparing for and responding to a crisis. Chapter 7 addresses the important issues involved in hiring a risk management consultant. It discusses when a consultant should be hired, and outlines the basic steps that should be performed when hiring a consultant. Chapter 8 provides a list of Risk Management Resources such as associations, organizations, publications, and educational materials. The Appendices in this volume are titled: Key Exposures and Types of Insurance Coverage; Occurrence and Claims-Made Liability Insurance; Insurance Policy Operations; and Sample Request for Proposal and Interview Guidelines for Prospective Consultants. KW - Insurance KW - Insurance claims KW - Insurance industry KW - Liability KW - Loss and damage claims KW - Losses KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - Risk management KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56545/riskmanagementm8825macd_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287977 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477587 AU - MacDorman and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RISK MANAGEMENT MANUAL FOR THE PUBLIC TRANSIT INDUSTRY. VOLUME 1 PY - 1988/08/01 SP - 137 p. AB - The goal of this 3-volumed manual is to acquaint transit systems with risk management and to explain how to develop, implement and administer a risk management program. The manual is a practical guide to implementing risk management programs. Explanations of the different elements of the risk management process are illustrated by applications to hazardous situations particular to the transit industry. Sample ready-to-use forms, checklists, worksheets, and questionnaires are included. The intent of this manual is to assist managers in organizing diverse activities into a risk management framework which can be integrated into the day-to-day operations of a transit system. This Volume 1 (Chapters 1-3) introduces the concept of risk management and explains the steps in the risk management process; examines the commercial insurance marketplace and its impact on transit systems; describes risk areas and methods for identifying hazards; discusses how a transit system can set up and administer an organization-wide loss control program and lists specific operational actions to reduce loss expenditures. Appendices in this volume provide a Glossary, Transit Agency Risk Identification Checklist and Risk Exposure List, and a Sample Award and Incentive Program. Volume 2 (Chapter 4) addresses Risk Financing. Volume 3 (Chapters 5-8) discusses Risk Transfer, Claims and Crisis Management, Outside Assistance, and Risk Management Resources. KW - Insurance KW - Insurance claims KW - Liability KW - Loss and damage claims KW - Losses KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - Risk management KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56543/riskmanagementm8823macd_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286651 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00478261 AU - Abrams-Cherwony and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR PUTNAM AREA RAPID TRANSIT DISTRICT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08/01 SP - 180 p. AB - Continued growth, system changes, new maintenance/administrative facilities and other management issues are some of the challenges facing Putnam Area Rapid Transit (PART) bus system in Putnam County, New York. This final report consists of 7 interim reports and represents the culmination of a comprehensive analysis of PART aimed at developing a transportation development program to guide transit for the next 5 years. The report addresses issues related to the planning and management aspects of the bus system and presents all study analysis, findings, and recommendations. Section 1 presents topics related to factors that influence demand for PART bus service as well as supply characteristics, recent trends in operating and financial measures, County specialized transportation service, and an inventory of other available private and public transit services. Sections 2 and 3 present an analysis of PART routes utilizing 3 diagnostic techniques and service standards to measure route structure performance. Section 4 assesses current bus service in terms of service standards that reflect concerns of rider, operator and community. Section 5 reviews vehicle maintenance activities provided by Chappaqua Transportation, Inc., and Section 6 presents a review of management functions and findings with implications beyond the fixed route bus service. The final section provides recommendations for a 5-year service plan for PART bus routes and a capital improvement program, as well as the financial consequences of the recommended plan. The recommendations presented combined with proposals for maintenance, management and marketing provide a complete blueprint for the PART system for the next 5 years. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Bus transportation KW - Implementation KW - Management KW - Public transit KW - Rapid transit KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287070 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477577 AU - Lindquist, P S AU - University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRAFFIC ZONES RECONSIDERED: A GEOGRAPHICAL EXAMINATION OF ZONAL RESTRUCTURING FOR SYSTEM-WIDE MASS TRANSIT RIDERSHIP FORECASTING. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08/01 SP - 182 p. AB - A major problem encountered in mass transit ridership forecasting with aggregate models is the incompatibility between traffic analysis zones and the service area surrounding individual transit routes. Traffic zone boundaries rarely coincide with those of service corridors. This inconsistency can lead to erroneous ridership estimates. This study attempts to restructure the zone system to account for passenger accessibility in system-wide transit ridership forecasts. It identifies and addresses three major problems to overcome in zone restructuring: development of an efficient zone construction algorithm; efficient transfer of data from traffic zone system into transit zone system; and minimization of modifications to overall modeling process for all modes of travel. This study developed an automated zone reconstruction procedure to build an alternative zone system by overlaying service corridors over existing traffic analysis zones. The procedure provides data for mode split and trip assignment, where weighted disutilities are calculated for mode split and trips are allocated to and from individual subzones during trip assignment. Final testing of the zone reconstruction system showed that zone reconstruction produced superior results to conventional methods in an unrestructured zone system when executed in conjunction with multipath trip assignment. Further calibration was simplified and average route ridership errors were significantly reduced with minimal modification to the network. KW - Algorithms KW - Analysis KW - Forecasting KW - Geography KW - Mathematical models KW - Modal split KW - Restructuring KW - Ridership KW - Roadside rest areas KW - Traffic KW - Traffic analysis KW - Travel demand KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Zone UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286642 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00496817 AU - Washington, E J AU - Stokes, R W AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transp AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PLANNING GUIDELINES FOR SUBURBAN TRANSIT SERVICES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08 SP - 89 p. AB - Urban and suburban development patterns in Texas cities are characterized by a high degree of spatial dispersion. The relative locations of work and other activity centers and of residences result in travel patterns which are difficult to serve using conventional public transportation services. Innvative service concepts and approaches to route design and service planning are necessary to efficiently serve the large fraction of non-CBD oriented trips and still provide good service quality. The focal point of this study was to develop a set of general guidelines or procedures to assist transit service planners in planning, designing and implementing route and service changes to capture a larger share of the regional travel market. This report presents techniques which may be used to identify suburban travel patterns, alternative routing structures, and methods of evaluating the alternative service options. KW - Guidelines KW - Implementation KW - Innovation KW - Mobility KW - Public transit KW - Routes KW - Suburbs KW - Texas KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel patterns UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56503/planningguideli9008earl_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/310376 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477582 AU - Tann, H M AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DIRECTORY OF URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SERVICE, AUGUST 1988 PY - 1988/08 SP - 108 p. AB - This is the 1988 edition of the Directory of Urban Public Transportation Service. This Directory lists transit information for 931 conventional and specialized local transit services in 316 urbanized areas (UZAs) of over 50,000 population. The UZAs shown in this Directory have been identified in a U.S. Department of Census Supplementary Report (Publication No. PC80-S1-14), entitled: Population and Land Area of Urbanized Areas for the United States and Puerto Rico: 1980 and 1970. This Directory is organized to meet a wide variety of informational needs for the user. Chart-type sheets in the Directory show a particular transit system name, its number of peak vehicles, the agency contact persons, and the address and telephone number of the contact person. The following lists are provided in this Directory: Transit Agencies; UZAs Listed by Population; UZAs that Cross State Lines; Vehicle Summary Counts; and a Glossary of Terms. Update forms are included in the back of the Directory so that transit personnel may conveniently submit corrected information to be included in the next edition of the Directory. KW - Directories KW - Fixed routes KW - Information dissemination KW - Peak periods KW - Public transit KW - Special service KW - Transit services KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56386/directoryofurban871winn_1.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286647 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476967 AU - Harrison, F D AU - WEEKS, A AU - Walb, C AU - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATION OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION NETWORK: DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIVE TRANSIT PRACTICES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08 SP - 120 p. AB - This report presents an evaluation of the Public Transportation Network (PTN), a technical assistance program established by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration in 1983 to help public transportation agencies adopt better ways of managing and operating public transportation services. The PTN featured an innovative approach to technical assistance designed to foster the diffusion of innovative practices through peer-to-peer contacts. The evaluation covers the first 31 months of the PTN, from February 1983 through August 1985. The PTN's development and activities are documented, and the benefits of the program are assessed based on the number and type of programs it played a role in transferring, and on user and non-user perceptions. The report concludes that the program was viewed positively by its users and had a modest impact on both the adoption of innovative practices, and the manner in which local programs were designed. Major factors which limited the program's effectiveness were organizational inertia, difficulty in getting the attention of local agency decision-makers, and the presence of competing priorities within transit agencies. KW - Evaluation KW - Innovation KW - Peer groups KW - Public Broadcasting Network KW - Technical assistance KW - Technology transfer KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286291 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487968 AU - Webster, B A AU - North Central Texas Council of Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DALLAS AREA RAPID TRANSIT SERVICE PRIVATIZATION: A SUMMARY OF BENEFITS/RISKS FOR TRANSIT PROVIDERS PY - 1988/08 SP - 55 p. AB - Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) is a national leader in the field of transit privatization ($59.5M privatization budget for FY88). The purpose of this study was to document the privatization efforts of DART for UMTA. This case study documents the socioeconomic, political, financial, technical and user characteristics that influenced transit privatization in the Dallas area from the 1970s through 1988. The results will allow other transit providers the opportunity to understand the benefits and potential risks of contracting for services from the private sector. This report consists of the following 6 sections: Historical Background; Suburban Express Bus Service Contracting; Suburban Fixed-Route Bus Service Contracting; Demand-Responsive Service Contracting; Transit Marketing Effects on Privatization Revenue; and DART Contract Procurement. The appendix in this report charts out the DART Service Area, Service and Budget Characteristics, Comparisons of Contract Bids with System Costs, as well as DART Private Sector Contracting Activity (1987-1988). DART's leading role in privatizing transit operations has occurred primarily through expansion of new transit service to the surrounding suburban communities. Currently, DART's largest expenditures occur in private consulting contracts for rail planning and bus transit planning. In the future, DART expects more privatization and joint venture activity as the multimodal transit system progresses. KW - Case studies KW - Contracting KW - Dallas (Texas) KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298525 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479841 AU - Beadle, C R AU - Edner, S M AU - Portland State University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE EIGHTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08 SP - 192 p. AB - This 192-page report contains the major presentation and session summaries of a national conference on rural transit, held September 1987 in Ashland, Oregon. The meeting, which is one of the premier technical sessions on the topic, covers the full range of subjects connected with rural transportation. Topics of panels or presentations include funding, contracting, coordination, safety planning, substance abuse, use of volunteers, marketing, insurance, and legal issues. The document also includes roundtable session transcripts featuring several state program administrators and local transportation providers. Discussions of transportation on Indian reservations and experience with European systems help set the material in a broader context. The document should be of special interest to the operators of small and medium size transit systems. KW - Alcohol abuse KW - Conferences KW - Contracting KW - Coordination KW - Cost allocation KW - Drugs KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Marketing KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291115 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479844 AU - Regional Transportation District AU - Colorado Department of Highways AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NORTH I-25 CORRIDOR BUS/HOV PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PY - 1988/08 SP - v.p. AB - This Environmental Assessment (EA) considers the environmental impacts of proposed transportation improvements in the North I-25 Corridor and evaluates the need for an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), summarizes the results of an analysis of transportation alternatives, as required by the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended, examines the alternatives in terms of their costs, benefits, and financial feasibility to aid in the selection of a preferred alternative, and identifies proposed mitigation measures. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Assessments KW - Environmental impacts KW - Improvements KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 3 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293455 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479840 AU - Oram, R L AU - Oram Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEEP DISCOUNT FARES: BUILDING TRANSIT PRODUCTIVITY WITH INNOVATIVE PRICING. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08 SP - 90 p. AB - Higher ridership and higher revenues as a consequence of a fares change is the result of this new approach to public transit pricing. This report reviews a new approach to transit pricing--Deep Discount Fares (DDF)--that holds major promise for increasing transit productivity, for easing and even reversing the negative relationship between fare level and ridership. It is a strategy built on building commitment to transit use through substantial discounts on prepaid tickets or tokens. These prepaid discounts, minimum of 25 percent of base fare, are achieved either by raising cash fares to create a significant differential between the cash and ticket, or by reducing the ticket price. Tickets are sold in a minimum bulk-purchase quantity (10-ride strips). The new strategy, already demonstrated in small, medium, and large cities, enables transit operators to increase both revenues and ridership simultaneously. The key research findings focus on the frequency and duration of transit use and on the frequency of ridership turnovers--factors vital to understanding transit market. This report consists of 2 parts. Part 1 reviews the market research and theoretical background of the concept and the experience to date. Applications of the DDF concept in a small city (Lafayette, IN), medium-size city (Allentown, PA), and a large city (Milwaukee, WI) are reviewed and documented in this report. Part 2 suggests a range of applications of the strategy to help guide local assessment and implementation of deep discount pricing changes. Benefits of the deep discount strategy for transit operators, customers, and the general public are charted out, as well as the impressive impacts on productivity. KW - Case studies KW - Discount KW - Discount fares KW - Fares KW - Innovation KW - Market research KW - Pricing KW - Productivity KW - Revenues KW - Ridership KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291114 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476999 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1987 URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION GRANTS ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS. STATISTICAL SUMMARIES PY - 1988/08 SP - v.p. AB - The "Statistical Summaries" for Fiscal Year 1987 bring together selected analyzed data related to the distribution of program funds for mass transportation. The data is compiled from the capital, operating and planning assistance grants awarded to transit authorities, States, and metropolitan planning agencies. KW - Assistance programs KW - Fund allocations KW - Grant aid KW - Public transit KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287949 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475873 AU - Yu, J C AU - University of Utah, Salt Lake City AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INCORPORATING EXOGENOUS EFFECTS ON TRANSIT PERFORMANCE INTO THE SECTION 15 DATA BASE. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/08 SP - 187 p. AB - This research focused on development of a logical base for making cross-sectional comparisons of performance between transit systems. The principal objective of the study was to develop a valid structure for making cross-sectional comparisons of transit performance, taking into account exogenous constraints of individual systems. The study accomplished a number of specific objectives, namely: development of a computer-accessible database comprising a body of environmental and system statistics of U.S. transit systems; a nationwide survey to obtain real-life data on exogenous effects on transit performance; incorporation of a battery of multi-variate statistical analyses into a specific staged procedure to determine significant exogenous variables and to derive transit cluster sets; and establishment of a methodological procedure to serve as a guideline for transit performance assessments based on both national and local interests within the peer-comparison context. This study developed a framework for significant improvements towards valid and fair comparisons and rankings of past performance of transit systems, and a theoretical foundation for establishing long-term strategies for performance improvements. The practical contributions of this study are 1) the identification of various service-area characteristics for inclusion in Section 15 annual reports and 2) development of two sets of exogenous reality-based transit clusters established for near-term comparisons and long-term improvements of system performance. These products and the developed theoretical approach should be useful for policymaking, planning, and management of the transit industry at both the national and local levels. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Cluster analysis KW - Computer programs KW - Cross sectional studies KW - Cross sections KW - Data collection KW - Databases KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 11 KW - Umta section 15 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285997 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480816 AU - Murphy, M AU - Pine, R C AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRAINING MANUAL FOR METHANOL FUEL USE IN TRANSIT OPERATIONS PY - 1988/07 SP - 50 p. AB - This is a manual on the handling and use of methanol fuel in transit. It was prepared in support of the UMTA Methanol Bus Program. The manual is designed for use by transit personnel involved in the operation, servicing, and maintenance of methanol-fueled buses. The purpose of this manual is to answer questions about methanol, describe some of the methanol properties, and explain the important safety factors related to transit use. A companion audio-visual slide-tape program was developed that reviews and reinforces the material in the manual. The slide-tape presentation was customized for each transit agency's facilities. The training materials have been used in conjunction with methanol bus demonstrations at Seattle Metro in Seattle, Washington; Riverside Transit Agency in Riverside, California; and at Triboro Coach Corporation in New York, New York. Additional use is planned at Southern California Rapid Transit District in Los Angeles, California and at the Regional Transportation District in Denver, Colorado. The manual contents are directed toward M-100 or neat methanol because this is the methanol fuel composition that has gained greatest acceptance as fuel for heavy-duty engines. The material in the manual is basic, charted-out clearly and easily understood. The manual is important to agencies using or preparing to use methanol fuel in transit. KW - Alternate fuels KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Manuals KW - Methanol KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291687 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477581 AU - Indiana University, Bloomington AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HANDBOOK FOR MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE AUDITS. SECOND EDITION PY - 1988/07 SP - 199 p. AB - The Institute for Urban Transportation (IUT) of Indiana University developed this revised handbook to inform transit managers, state departments of transportation, local decision-makers and organizations concerned with educating and training transit management about the uses and benefits of management performance audits. IUT also uses these guidelines when conducting managerial audits of transit systems. This handbook can be used by educational institutions in teaching transit management. Basically, this handbook describes what a management performance audit is and how to conduct one. Transit managers can use the methods suggested in developing improvements in the internal operations of their systems. Using goals, objectives, and performance indicators, the handbook develops a framework for a management information system that provides the manager with data needed to evaluate the performance of the systems. Specific information about the use of these elements is presented. This edition borrows heavily from sources both within and outside the transit industry. The handbook is in two parts: Part 1--Theory and Technique, and Part 2--Field Guide. KW - Auditing KW - Finance KW - Financial management KW - Handbooks KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Performance KW - Performance evaluations KW - Performance indicators KW - Public transit KW - Transit management KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56427/handbookformana8821inst_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286646 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477583 AU - Charles River Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION DEMAND: AN UPDATE PY - 1988/07 SP - 121 p. AB - This report presents a selection of updated data on a wide variety of statistics pertaining to urban travel demand. The information supplements earlier data contained in the UMTA handbook titled Characteristics of Urban Transportation Demand--A Handbook for Transit Planners, April 1986 (PB 88-166905). The report is designed to be used by transportation analysts as a source of data to check the validity and reasonableness of local forecasts developed from traditional planning studies, or as a cross-check on the similarity of travel statistics from one locality to another. Certain data also may be used as default values for modeling purposes, when such information is not available locally or would require new or extensive data collection efforts. Much of the information presented was obtained from reports, documents, and memoranda produced by or for each study area contacted. A main criterion of the study was that the information collected be based on surveys, measurements, counts, and so forth, and not be synthesized results from analytical modeling efforts. Many source documents have not been circulated widely, adding to the usefulness of the data contained in this report. KW - Data collection KW - Handbooks KW - Modal selection KW - Mode choice KW - Statistics KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - Trip generation KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56358/characteristics8818unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286648 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476984 AU - LEVINSON, J AU - Knapp, E AU - Gonzalez, J AU - Philadelphia, City of, Pennsylvania AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SUBWAY TUNNEL ENERGY STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/07 SP - 114 p. AB - The idea of the Subway Tunnel Energy System was conceived by Joel Levinson of Levinson Zaprauskis Associates (LZA) and proposed to the City of Philadelphia in 1981. The idea was developed as a result of the energy crisis in the late 1970s. During a time when research was directed toward the use of solar energy in buildings, LZA believed that a study using subway tunnel air as a heat sink/heat source to reduce costs of heating/cooling buildings adjacent to the tunnel might also prove beneficial. If such a system proved feasible, cities including Philadelphia might be able to generate revenues from the sale of tunnel air to building owners or offer free access to tunnel air as an incentive to real estate developers. This might also reduce energy consumption in the long term by increasing the use of in-place mass transit systems. After the Phase 2 investigation, LZA concluded that the STES would not prove cost-effective. With the City's concurrence the study was terminated. This report outlines the research results of STES and provides a task by task description of the LZA research process to the point of termination. The report summarizes LZA's conclusions and discusses some broader issues that might effect study results. The Appendix describes the assorted documentation produced by LZA and its consultants during the STES study. KW - Energy consumption KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Heat transfer KW - Rapid transit KW - Subways KW - Tunnels KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286299 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475620 AU - Lederer, B A AU - MacDorman, L C AU - Schwager, D S AU - Watson, Rice and Company AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - BUS MAINTENANCE ANALYSIS STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/07 SP - 57 p. AB - The primary objective of this study was to identify performance indicators that may be used to identify transit systems with superior bus maintenance performance. A literature review was conducted to identify factors often reported as affecting maintenance performance. A database containing as many of the reported factors as available was created using 1984 UMTA Section 15 information. Analyses, using the database, were conducted to design performance indicators and peer groups of transit systems. Within each of the peer groups, transit systems with superior bus maintenance performance can now be identified. The methodological procedures used in this study are based upon the approach used by Fielding in his work for UMTA to develop indicators and peer groups for overall transit performance analysis. Several approaches are possible and were considered to achieve the study's objectives, the procedures used are considered sound and appropriate given the resources available. This study's work (as was Fielding's) was limited by the lack of a comprehensive database from which to extract significant information relevant to the research. For example, the absence of climatic and topograhic data may make the natural groupings of peer transit systems suspect to maintenance experts. Additionally, information on the effectiveness performance or quality of maintenance work is also absent. Such limitations may have a direct bearing on the validity and industry acceptance of the results. KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Databases KW - Peer groups KW - Performance KW - Performance indicators KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285897 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00485859 AU - Borden Group AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSPORTATION FOR THE ELDERLY: A FEDERAL PERSPECTIVE PY - 1988/07 SP - 47 p. AB - Examined are the transportation needs of the elderly with emphases on obstacles and barriers which have hindered accessibility and availability of transportation to the elderly as well as the role of the Federal government in providing transportation services to them. KW - Accessibility KW - Aged KW - Availability KW - Demographics KW - Federal government KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Legislation KW - Public transit KW - Supply KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/297608 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484113 AU - Edwards and Kelcey Engineers, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EAST RIVER LANDING TRANSIT IMPACT STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/07 SP - 110 p. AB - Renewed interest in land development and serious concerns about the impact of the proposed East River Landing project on the transportation system generated this study. The East River Landing is a proposed large scale mixed-use development project located in the southeast corner of Lower Manhattan (the largest concentration of office space and commercial use in New York City outside of Manhattan CBD). The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the travel demand generated by the East River Landing on the bus and subway and pedestrian pathways south of Fulton Street, north of Whitehall Street and east of Broadway. To analyze the impacts of future travel demands on the transit system, researchers inventoried the system, examined trip generation and trip distribution data, conducted an origin-destination survey and synthesized the data as a first step for assessing the capacity and limitations of the existing transportation network. Each of the 3 subsystems is examined separately--transit network (subway, bus and ferry), street network, and pedestrian network. An assessment of the project's impact on the pedestrian and transit system within the study area is presented along with improvement alternatives and implementation strategies. The report concludes that the Wall Street corridor would experience the largest increase in pedestrian activity in the study area. KW - Development KW - Impact studies KW - Land use KW - Networks KW - Pedestrians KW - Real estate development KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - Umta section 8 KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293014 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480685 AU - Cunningham, B G AU - Waller, O F AU - Mawhinnie, R E AU - Langston, J AU - Regional Transportation Authority AU - Illinois Central Gulf Railroad AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - IMPROVED BILL VALIDATOR. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/07 SP - 24 p. AB - The purpose of the research, development, and demonstration project was to test an improved bill validator to meet the demands of a heavily used automated fare collection (AFC) system. The project was implemented in four stages (tasks): (1) Validator Equipment Selection; (2) Validator Acquisition, Modification, and Installation; (3) System Testing and Final Report; (4) System Training. The modifications made to the National Vendor Buckpasser validator resulted in significant reliability improvement. By the end of the project, the transaction time between failures had reached the level above 35,000. KW - Automatic fare collection KW - Bill validators KW - Demonstration projects KW - Reliability KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291646 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479055 AU - Burnell, J AU - Sobin, A A AU - Rizzitiello, T G AU - Transport Workers Union of America-Local 100 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UPGRADE TRAINING PROGRAM: A JOINT TRANSPORT WORKERS UNION/NEW YORK CITY TRANSIT AUTHORITY TRAINING PROGRAM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/07 SP - 36 p. AB - This is the final report of a unique 3-year training program for bus maintainer with tripartite sponsorship: Transport Workers Union of America--Local 100, the New York City Transit Authority, and the Borough of Manhattan Community College of the City University of New York. This demonstration project grew out of a two-fold need to provide career advancement opportunities for entry-level workers and to supply trained bus maintainers for the NYCTA. The purpose of the program was to provide basic education and maintenance skills to prepare bus maintainer's helpers for promotion to bus maintainer. This report provides a description of the Training Program, discussion of primary benefits, major and educational recommendations. The findings are based on qualitative and quantitative data collected through interviews and questionnaires administered to trainees, program graduates, representatives of labor and management, administrative and instructional staff. The success of this 3-year demonstration project clearly exemplifies that labor and management can work cooperatively together as allies for the common good of all constituencies. A highly trained and highly motivated workforce offers the potential of providing a modern mass transit delivery system to benefit the riding public is the resulting conclusion. KW - Bus maintenance KW - Buses KW - Demonstration projects KW - Job opportunities KW - Training KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287541 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476966 AU - Lederer, B A AU - Dunn, D K AU - Webber, T F AU - MacDorman, L C AU - Schwager, D S AU - Watson, Rice and Company AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPENDIUM OF NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS: 1985 REPORT YEAR PY - 1988/07 SP - 181 p. AB - This report provides summary statistics on the finances and operations of the United States' public transit systems for the 1985 calendar year. These statistics were derived from the database developed through the Urban Mass Transportation Administration's Section 15 Reporting System. This report is intended to complement the National Urban Mass Transportation Statistics: Section 15 Annual Report issued by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration since 1980. That report contains aggregate transit statistics, but focuses principally on the finances and operations of individual transit systems. By contrast, the Compendium provides a national, policy-oriented perspective, highlighting aggregate financial and operational characteristics. In this report, national transit industry financial operational characteristics are illustrated through use of 1) graphics designed to emphasize key transit industry patterns, 2) policy relevant statistics and aggregations, and 3) trend information incorporating statistics from the Section 15 database 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984 and 1985. These characteristics are examined in three chapters: Chapter I--Financial Statistics; Chapter II--Operational Statistics; and Chapter III--Performance Measures. The report also includes an Introduction designed to acquaint the reader with the statistics and alert him/her to issues affecting their use. KW - Performance evaluations KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Statistics KW - Transit services KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban areas KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286290 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476978 AU - Metropolitan Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ANALYSIS OF TRANSIT COST BY LINE: PHASE 1B SURFACE TRANSIT PY - 1988/07 SP - 25 p. AB - This report describes the development of a cost model to estimate the financial effects of changes in bus service not large enough to affect fixed costs. The model is designed for service planners to estimate the costs of incremental bus service changes such as frequency of service, length of route, time of operation, and addition/deletion of a route. This model is depot specific and based on the 1988 depot budgets, service schedule, and buses assigned. Variable costs (bus operator, scheduled maintenance, fuel, materials, tire and tube) and semi-variable costs (other maintenance) are used in the model not fixed costs. This model measures bus service by vehicle hours, vehicle miles, and fleet size. Vehicle hours are used for estimating bus operator costs and vehicle miles for estimating cost of scheduled maintenance operations, and other maintenance activities, fuel, materials, tire and tube rentals. Fleet size is used for maintenance activities dependent on the number of buses rather than number of miles. For activities dependent on both, the cost changes based on mileage and on fleet size are averaged. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Costs KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286293 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477591 AU - Strafford Regional Planning Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - A FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF THE COOPERATIVE ALLIANCE FOR SEACOAST TRANSPORTATION. REPRINT PY - 1988/06/29 SP - 38 p. AB - In 1987, the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) issued a directive to Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) nationwide that instructed these agencies to perform a financial capacity analysis for their area's principal recipient of UMTA Section 9 and 3 grant funds. In compliance with this directive, the Strafford Regional Planning Commission (SRPC) developed this report on the historic and current financial and operating condition and future financial and operating potential of the Cooperative Alliance for Seacoast Transportation (COAST), the principal transit provider and recipient of UMTA Section 9 and 3 grant funds in the Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester Urbanized Area. This report covers a ten-year period from FY 1984 through FY 1993. The first section which covers FY 1984 to FY 1988 comprises the historic and current financial and operating trends, as well as COAST's current capital position. The second section which covers FY 1989 to FY 1993 examines possible future financial and operating trends with a special emphasis on re-capitalization of the COAST system. The third section focuses on the implementation strategies needed to address the problems identified in the first two chapters. KW - Assessments KW - Financial analysis KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Public transit KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Transportation planning KW - Trend (Statistics) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286654 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477579 AU - Dynamic Sciences Limited AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LOCOMOTIVE TRAINING SIMULATOR: LONG ISLAND RAILROAD. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/06/01 SP - 173 p. AB - This study is designed to report on the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of incorporating a simulator capability into the Engineering Training Program of 3 railroads: Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), Metro-North Commuter Railroad (MNCR), and the Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority (SIRTOA). The objectives of this study are: to identify, define and analyze the target railroads' requirements for a simulator in terms of their engineering training, retraining, safety and research needs; to develop a functional specification for the required simulator(s); to develop budgetary cost estimates for the selected cab; and provide a cost-benefits analysis for the selected concept. This detailed and technical report consists of 3 chapters and an appendix. Chapter 1 discusses the study background and major objectives. Chapter 2 explains the methods used from the project's beginning to completion of this final report, and analyzes the principles related to locomotive simulation, namely: the conception, design, development, and implementation and support of railroad simulators. Chapter 3 provides recommendations and conclusions resulting from this Locomotive Simulator Study. Simulator Cost Estimates for the different systems are estimated and discussed as well as the Cost Benefit Analysis for the railroads using simulators. Recommendations include the floor plans of the recommended simulators and site layouts. Appendix A: Simulator Functional Specification provides detailed functional specifications for the individual simulator and the various options. The report concludes that the use of simulator cabs is justified for the training and retraining requirements of LIRR and MNCR but not for SIRTOA. It recommends that LIRR an MNCR pursue funding for the required simulator facilities. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Implementation KW - Locomotives KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Simulation KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286644 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00610632 AU - Rubin, S AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NEW YORK CITY TRANSIT AUTHORITY TRACTION POWER SHORT CIRCUIT STUDY PY - 1988/06 SP - v.p. AB - The New York City Transit Authority's subway experience cases of electrical faults occurring at the contact rail, feeder cables, and power substations. These incidents result in major damage, repair costs, and reduction in train service. This study aims to bring together the various Transit System components and their operating conditions in order to assess their capability and will serve as the basis for new decisions on traction power distribution system protection. This report also includes solutions, proposed and currently in operation, to the traction power fauls problem. KW - Electric power transmission KW - Electricity KW - New York City Transit Authority KW - Power failure KW - Power loss KW - Power systems KW - Short circuits KW - Subways KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/357727 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475625 AU - Viton, P A AU - Ohio State University, Columbus AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATING THE FEASIBILITY AND DESIRABILITY OF TRANSIT DEREGULATIONS. VOL. 2. IMPLEMENTATION MANUAL PY - 1988/06 SP - 22 p. AB - The purpose of this research is to examine when private sector entry into bus transit markets could be shown to lead to an improvement in welfare for residents of a transportation corridor. Benefits evaluation is the heart of the study. The study provides a consistent way of estimating and comparing the benefits and losses of all parties--the traveling public, private sector, and public transit operator prior to private entry. This manual is designed as a companion to the Technical Report (Volume 1). It focuses on the implementation of the computation of a measure of welfare in pre- and post-entry situations. The purpose of the manual is to provide a step-by-step procedure for transit practitioners interested in calculating the annual benefits resulting from a private sector transit provider supplementing the services of an existing public transit service. The manual describes, in great mathematical detail, the generation of the results in the accompanying Technical Report. The results helped clarify the appropriate role of the private sector in the provision of transit services. They show that policies which encourage the private sector to compete with the public sector should be encouraged. Conversely, a policy which replaces public transit by private provision is never a good idea; however, the guidelines presented in this report may be considered as policy goals in circumstances where such replacement is unavoidable. KW - Benefits KW - Bus transportation KW - Contracting KW - Deregulation KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Travel demand KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285901 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475629 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE STATUS OF THE NATION'S LOCAL MASS TRANSPORTATION: PERFORMANCE AND CONDITIONS. REPORT TO CONGRESS. THIRD BIENNIAL REPORT PY - 1988/06 SP - 257 p. AB - This document is the third biennial Report to the Secretary of Transportation to the United States Congress, pursuant to 49 USC 308, on the current performance and condition of the Nation's public mass transportation systems. It updates the information and recommendations of the previous report and should be of value to the Congress and the Department for developing policy and program requirements to administer the Federal mass transportation assistance program. In addition, it addresses emerging issues such as suburban congestion and discusses initiatives now being taken by local policymakers to assess transit in a more strategic manner and to improve efficiency and productivity. The primary source of data on transit costs and service is the reports filed by transit operators pursuant to the requirements of Section 15 of the UMT Act. The report is organized into 9 chapters under 3 parts: Part 1--Summary and Overview of Mass Transportation--summarizes the conclusions and presents the Department's recommendations for action; Part 2-=-Conditions and Performance of Mass Transportation--summarizes demographic trends, examines evolving markets, financing of transit operating costs and performance, and discusses capital investment issues; Part 3--Perspectives for Policymakers--discusses options for local policymakers, identifies local improvements, and documents the potential for increased private sector involvement in transit. The Appendix presents methodological notes and additional data on transit performance. A Bibliography and a Glossary of Terms is also provided. KW - Financing KW - Mobility KW - Performance evaluations KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Suburbs KW - Transportation planning KW - Transportation policy KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285903 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475624 AU - Viton, P A AU - Ohio State University, Columbus AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATING THE FEASIBILITY AND DESIRABILITY OF TRANSIT DEREGULATIONS. VOL. 1. TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1988/06 SP - 52 p. AB - For some time it has been clear that private sector entry into the public transit market is possible, the question of whether it is beneficial is not. The purpose of this research is to examine when private sector entry into bus transit markets could be shown to lead to an improvement in welfare for residents of a transportation corridor. Benefits evaluation is the heart of the study. The issue is the appropriateness and not the feasibility of private sector market entry. The study aims to clarify the appropriate role of the private sector in the provision of urban transit services. It provides a consistent way of estimating and comparing the benefits and losses of all parties--the traveling public, private sector, and public transit operator prior to private entry. Behavior models of the private and public transit providers were developed. By estimating the models (based on fares and levels of service each provided) and using the exact welfare evaluation methods developed, it was possible to compute estimates of the benefits/losses that would accrue to various groups and to the community if a particular policy were to be implemented. The research examined a wide variety of scenarios, characterized both by spatial structure and socioeconomic characteristics of the community, as well as by the level of costs that a private entrant might be expected to incur. The study states that the private sector can play a major and beneficial role in the urban economy. Results suggest that the role is to supplement, not replace, the equally necessary role of the public sector. Guidelines presented in this report may be considered as policy goals in circumstances where replacement is unavoidable. KW - Benefits KW - Bus transportation KW - Deregulation KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285900 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480701 AU - Gagliano, K J AU - Udalovas, G AU - Metropolitan Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK FOR THE LONG ISLAND RAIL ROAD. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/06 SP - 375 p. AB - This research recognizes the management of information systems (MIS) as a valuable corporate resource and essential to an organization's continual growth. The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) is the nation's largest commuter railroad and serves suburban communities in the New York metropolitan area. Diverse functions and complexity of operations have increased its need for information as well as for keeping pace with the rapidly expanding technologies and telecommunications that offer opportunities and risks for the industry. LIRR has endorsed the development of a corporate plan to manage, control and guide its information systems, technology and technology related resources. This report is Phase 1 of a 2-Phase study for developing a strategic plan to implement an appropriate telecommunications network. The study began in October 1987 and evolved from the need for strategic telecommunications planning for near and long term support of LIRR's mission. The report is divided into 3 Parts. Part 1 consists of an Executive Summary, Introduction, Methodology, Technical Discussions and Findings/Recommendations. Part 2 provides LIRR network and system descriptions and diagrams. Part 3 provides 25 Appendices ranging from the LIRR Corporate Mission, Goal and Service Guidelines, to Corporate, Engineering and MIS Organization Charts, to Functional System Diagrams and Terminal Counts. The telecommmunications engineers who researched and wrote this report have been active professionally in LIRR operations for about 20 years. Their research, documented in this report, provides findings related to present LIRR communications and to the industry in general. KW - Information systems KW - Long Island Rail Road KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Strategic planning KW - Suburbs KW - Telecommunications KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291662 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480820 AU - Shorter, R AU - Ammann, W C AU - Compex Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS. 1986 SECTION 15 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1988/06 SP - 636 p. AB - This report summarizes the financial and operating data submitted annually to the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) by the nation's public transit operators, pursuant to Section 15 of the Urban Mass Transportation (UMT) Act of 1964, as amended. The report also includes a subset of Section 15 data for use in computing Section 9 apportionments. Section 9 is a formula grant program for capital, operating, and certain other assistance created by the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987. The report consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 contains an introduction to the Section 15 reporting system and its relationship to the Section 9 program. Chapter 2 contains aggregate industry statistics derived from the complete Section 15 reports which were submitted. Chapter 3 contains financial and operating data on the individual transit systems which submitted complete Section 15 reports. Chapter 4 contains the operating statistics which were used in the computation of the FY 1988 Section 9 apportionments. All data in this report are for transit fiscal years ending on January 1 and December 31, 1986. KW - Expenditures KW - Finance KW - Financial expenditures KW - Public transit KW - Revenues KW - Statistics KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 15 KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56478/nationalurbanma0601rhod_2.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291691 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484823 AU - Knight, R AU - Northeast Ohio Areawide Coordinating Agency AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPARISON OF DEVELOPMENT ON THE AIRPORT-WINDERMERE AND SHAKER HEIGHTS RAPID TRANSIT LINES IN CLEVELAND, OHIO, 1945-1985. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/05 SP - 111 p. AB - This report presents a comprehensive evaluation of 2 rail lines in Cleveland, Ohio--Shaker Heights Rapid Transit (SHRT Line, now the Green and Blue Lines), and CTS Airport-Windermere Rapid Transit (AWRT Line, now the Red Line). Each line represents a different transit planning philosophy and each reflects the technology dominant at time of construction and type of development occurring in the region. This evaluation was undertaken for the following reasons: to develop a methodology for defining the impacts a rail transit line has on a community to measure and evaluate these impacts and identify factors contributing to their success or failure; and to make recommendations for existing and proposed rail transit lines. The study focuses on 2 direct impacts--ridership and land development. Emphasis is given to urban growth dynamics, public vs private planning, and socioeconomic factors currently affecting each corridor. Findings show that the 2 rail lines in Cleveland have had different impacts on land development and transit use, and thus on performance. The basic finding states that a well designed surface rail system not only complements other modes, but offers a viable alternative to the private automobile. The conclusions point out the importance of planning and community stability, corridor development parameters, establishment of a rail use tradition, the need for an effective public/private partnership, and the need for strategic corridor planning. KW - Cleveland (Ohio) KW - Evaluation KW - Land use KW - Land use effects KW - Rapid transit KW - Ridership KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban growth KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293278 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480686 AU - Torres, W R AU - Chicago Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CHICAGO TRANSIT AUTHORITY EVALUATION OF RAIL BORNE SNOW REMOVAL VEHICLE (S-500). FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/05 SP - 31 p. AB - The final report on the S-500 Rail Borne Snow Removal Vehicle, purchased by Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) from Mitsubishi International Corporation, and built by Niigata Engineering Company Limited of Japan, provides basic information on the equipment's design, modifications, and operational problems. The report discusses the S-500 vehicle's technical specifications, the results of vehicle testing, and modifications made to improve performance. The vehicle was designed for a maximum snow removal rate of 1,500 tons per hour, and a travelling speed of up to 20 mph while removing snow. Based on test experience, the conclusion is that the propulsion system design, utilizing a single diesel engine and complex transmission system to power both the vehicle and the snow removal equipment, hampers performance and reliability. KW - Maintenance equipment KW - Maintenance vehicles KW - Performance evaluations KW - Prototypes KW - Railroad transportation KW - Snow removal KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291647 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469751 AU - Levinson, H S AU - Polytechnic Institute of New York AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UNFRANCHISED BUS PLANNING STUDY. BUREAU OF TRAFFIC PY - 1988/05 SP - 130 p. AB - The mix of franchised and unfranchised buses on NY City street contribute to bus stop and street congestions and air pollution. This report reflects the view that the growth in unfranchised buses is a direct result of federal and state deregulation of intercity bus operations in 1982. It is an aspect of privatization that reflects growing commuter populations in Staten Island and New Jersey and the subject of growing concern by Community Boards and New York City DOT. This study of unfranchised buses is an integral part of NY City's overall effort to develop plans and set policies for surface transportation in Manhattan. It provides important data on bus operators and develops operational and legal strategies for improved management of bus operations. The study aims to develop traffic changes to improve both bus and general traffic, and to suggest policies and controls applicable to unfranchised and franchised buses in order to increase transport efficiency of the limited street space by coordinating services and maximizing rail transit use. Basically, the study analyzes existing bus operations, and suggests operational and institutional changes. The long-term goal is to manage these services in an effective manner that maximize user benefits and minimize adverse impacts. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Buses KW - Charter operations KW - Deregulation KW - Intercity transportation KW - Privatization KW - Tour buses KW - Tour operators KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 KW - Unfranchised buses KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280034 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469763 AU - Morlok, E K AU - Harker, P T AU - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATIZATION OF PUBLIC TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/05 SP - 95 p. AB - This research investigated two important issues in the drive to control transit costs and provide transit service that is more responsive to urban travel needs. One study investigated the problem of how to construct federal incentives to induce greater use of competitive contracting in transit operations. Prior research has revealed that cost savings in the range of 20% to 40% are possible from contracting in larger metropolitan areas, but very few transit systems have chosen to begin contracting service. This study examined various federal policy options and used a combination of theoretical analysis and interviews with transit executives and others to identify changes in subsidy and capital grant programs that will induce greater use of contracting. The second study examined the effect of allowing private operators to freely enter the transit market, a policy which is essentially untried in the U.S. Using Philadelphia as an example, results indicate that where subsidized public operations continued, private operations would focus on markets that were not well served by the public operator and markets where traffic is dense. In some markets, such as inner city areas where trips are short, private firms would charge fares less than the public operator, while in others private firms would operate luxury, high fare services. KW - Competition KW - Contracting KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Federal government KW - Federal programs KW - Incentives KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280041 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469736 AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1987 TEXAS TRANSIT STATISTICS PY - 1988/05 SP - 31 p. AB - Texas Transit Statistics is a comprehensive annual report on the eighteen municipal transit systems operating in the State of Texas during 1987. A municipal transit system is defined as one having five or more vehicles in scheduled, fixed route, intracity service. This includes the six Metropolitan Transit Authorities (MTA Houston/Harris County, San Antonio VIA, Dallas Area Rapid Transit, Fort Worth Transit Authority, Capital Metro-Austin and Corpus Christi RTA) operating in Texas during 1987. Over one hundred eighty four million passengers were carried by Texas municipal transit systems in 1987. This is a 3.3 percent decrease from 190.5 million passengers carried in 1986. Transit vehicle miles decreased about 1.2 percent to 98.2 million miles in 1987 as compared to 99.4 million miles in 1986. General operating costs increased 7.4 percent from $187.1 million in 1986 to $201.1 million in 1987. Total operating revenue per vehicle mile decreased by approximately 1.0 percent. Total operating expenses per vehicle mile increased by 4.9 percent. The total public expense of transit increased slightly from $281.9 million to $282.1 million in 1987. Total public expense includes operating costs of $201.1 million and capital costs of $81.0 million for 1987. Public transportation funds which have been committed in Texas decreased from $164.1 million in 1986 to $140.5 million in 1987. These committed funds include state and federal funds as well as local monies. KW - Operating costs KW - Revenues KW - Ridership KW - Statistics KW - Texas KW - Umta section 8 KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280022 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469278 AU - Shaw, P L AU - California State University, Long Beach AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - KEY DECISIONS IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC-PRIVATE COOPERATION PY - 1988/05 SP - 152 p. AB - Much needs to be known about which public policy mechanisms make private sector involvement in urban mass transportation workable on a broad, widely-applicable and useful scale. This study explores the role of the private sector in urban transportation. The specific policy questions examined are: How did the public/private relationship develop to its current form? What is the framework of planning and service? How is the private sector involved? What barriers hinder private sector involvement? and What practical intergovernmental steps would enhance private sector involvement? An Advisory Committee of senior public and private executives helped frame the issues and provide perspective, contacts, and information. An extensive literature search in urban transportation and related local governmental functions was conducted. This report presents a framework for planning and service functions in a business reference. Basic business functions are compared to typical urban mass transportation functions in order to identify areas of private involvement. Barriers to greater private sector participation along with mitigating steps and opportunities were analyzed. Basically, this report is organized into 5 substantive chapters and an introduction. Special tables provide summary views of major themes and points. This study ends on the note that a window has been opened up to new ways of conducting business in one field of governmental activity--urban transportation. Problems and opportunities discussed in this report should offer useful background knowledge, perspective, and new approaches to the public and private urban transportation community. KW - Barriers KW - Barriers (Roads) KW - Decision making KW - Decisions KW - Private enterprise KW - Public policy KW - Public private partnerships KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56400/56455/keydecisionsinu8815bure_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279755 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469283 AU - Keough, M AU - New York Institute of Technology AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEGREE PROGRAM MARKET FEASIBILITY STUDY VOLUME 1. FINDINGS PY - 1988/05 SP - 35 p. AB - During its participation in the UMTA University Center Program, New York Institute of Technology sponsored several training programs and research projects. Evaluations of these training programs, which dealt with labor and industrial relations, occupational safety and health, and fleet maintenance management, are recorded in separate reports and available upon request from the Institute. This study, Volume 1. Findings, explores issues that institutions of higher learning may wish to consider before introducing or expanding graduate degree programs in transportation. The impetus for the study was to examine the feasibility of NY Institute of Technology offering a Master of Science in Transportation Management. Much attention is paid to the New York area market and transit industry. The findings and approaches in this study are transferable to other institutions considering the introduction of specialized advanced degree programs. Some issues addressed in this report are: composition of work force--transit/transportation; employment and technological outlooks; perceived need among transportation association executives for additional specialized master degree in transportation programs; and providers. This research and the thoughtful internal discussion it provoked aided the Institute in defining its transportation education mission. It is hoped that this research will aid other institutions in a similar manner. KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Management KW - Ost university research KW - Public transit KW - Training KW - Transit management KW - Transportation careers KW - U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - University degree program KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279760 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469739 AU - Holmstrom, F Ross AU - Edelson, C AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RADIATED INTERFERENCE IN RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS. VOLUME 1: THEORY AND DATA PY - 1988/04 SP - 103 p. AB - For the past eight years, the UMTA Office of Systems Engineering, U.S. Department of Transportation, has sponsored a program to delineate and mitigate the effects of electromagnetic interference (EMI) in rail transit operations. Work has proceeded under the aegis of the Rail Transit EMI/EMC Technical Working Group and has focused on 3 modes of EMI: inductive, conductive, and radiated. The purpose of this report is to outline the theory of generation and observation of unwanted radiated electromagnetic emissions in rail transit systems, and to present data for radiated emissions obtained from a number of different rapid transit systems. This theory underlies development and use of the Suggested Test Procedures for Radiated Emissions in rail transit systems found in Ref. 2 of this report. Representative radiated interference data from 3 different types of rail transit vehicles at 2 locations are presented as an example of results obtained from application of the radiated suggested procedures. The radiated emission test procedures (Ref. 2) are not only applicable to assessing radiated EMI levels from rail transit cars powered by new solid-state systems, but also those with older technology. The Radiated Suggested Test Procedures are designed to aid the skilled practitioner in acquiring data related to the operational concerns of rapid transit systems. The test procedures are based on adaptation and extensions of well-known standardized techniques previously specified by the U.S. Department of Defense, the Society of Automotive Engineers, and other standards-setting bodies. KW - Data collection KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - Radiated emission KW - Rapid transit KW - Test procedures KW - Theoretical studies KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280025 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476980 AU - Urbitran Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - NANUET MALL BUS TERMINAL STUDY OF ROCKLAND COUNTY, NEW YORK. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/04 SP - 91 p. AB - Current bus facilities at Nanuet Mall, a major regional shopping mall in Rockland County, have been considered inadequate from an operator, user and administrative perspective. Nanuet Mall's three loading areas are used by the Red and Tan Lines suburban and local buses as well as Transport of Rockland (TOR), and Clarkstown-Trans routes. This project responds to the need to develop a bus terminal that provides a convenient arrangement balancing the concerns of the three transit operators providing service to the mall. The study examines various constraints affecting terminal design and includes a review of existing conditions, user needs and attitudes, peak conditions of bus and passenger accumulations, vehicular/circulation activity patterns, and improvement plans affecting the mall. The report documents a conceptual facility design and construction cost estimates based upon observations of existing conditions and discussions with the Commissioner and Corporate Property Investors. The terminal plan includes specifications for bus circulation and passenger access. The bus terminal plan selected for Nanuet Mall is functional and can be adapted for development when a mutually agreeable location is determined by the County and Corporate Property Investors. KW - Bus terminals KW - Buses KW - Passenger flow KW - Passenger traffic KW - Regional transportation KW - Shopping centers KW - Traffic flow KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286295 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469744 AU - Griffin, O H AU - Gurdal, Z AU - Herakovich, C T AU - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEMS PY - 1988/04 SP - 37 p. AB - Since entire automobiles (Ford Motor Company), airplanes (Beech), and ships (Italian minehunters) have been fabricated from composites, there is little doubt that mass transit railcars could be designed and fabricated entirely from composite materials. This study explores the potential for using composite materials in urban mass transit systems and assesses their current and planned future utilization. The emphasis was to identify specific advantages of composite materials and determine their actual and potential usage for carbody and guideway structure applications. Although consideration has been given to structural use of composites in carbodies, little has been done to date, due to the perceived high cost of composites and the issues of flammability and toxicity. Both issues have been overcome as a result of research and development of composites for aircraft applications. Composites were found to be in use throughout the transit industry, usually in secondary/auxiliary applications. This study consisted of a literature review, contacts with domestic system operators, designers and builders, and analysis of potential composites application to railcar construction. The study identified fabrics based on advanced fibers (such as graphite or boron) that are cut-resistant and could be the basis for vandal-resistant seat materials, as well as composites which resist painting. Such blends could minimize the graffiti problem and resist vandalism damage. The report states that the desirable properties of composites, (high specific strength and stiffness, low maintenance, and superior fatigue properties) make these materials good choices for both new construction and retrofit hardware. KW - Car design /rail/ KW - Composite materials KW - Design KW - Electrical resistivity KW - Guideways KW - Railroad cars KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Resistivity KW - Retrofitting KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vandalism UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280028 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469764 AU - Krant, B J AU - Port Authority Transit Corporation TI - UPGRADING OF PORT AUTHORITY TRANSIT CORPORATION'S RAILCAR MAINTENANCE INFORMATION SYSTEM. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/04 SP - 457 p. AB - This report provides a detailed guide and reference for the planning, design, development, demonstration and implementation of a UNISYS Corporation LINC applications generated Maintenance Management Information and Decision Support System (MMIDSS) utilized on microcomputers. The material presented herein has been prepared for those primarily responsible for transit maintenance organizations. Included in the report is a description of the features of the software packages which cover a broad range of parameters to identify the needs of user transit maintenance managers, supervisors and top level executives for technically reliable, timely and useful information. Charts, graphs and forecasts are tools which incorporate colors and symbols to attract the attention of the user and to highlight exceptions. The displays are designed to simplify the analysis of performance data and to facilitate the solution of complex problems with a greater degree of confidence. An appendix is provided which describes the design of the software configuration and provides manuals for the use and modification of the software packages. KW - Information systems KW - Maintenance management KW - Microcomputers KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Software KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280042 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469737 AU - Hamilton, L AU - Chicago Department of Public Works TI - STATE STREET MALL STAGING STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/04 SP - 18 p. AB - The purpose of the State Street Mall Staging Study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two improvements proposed for the Mall staging area: 1) the redesign of the staging area in order to improve traffic flows; and 2) the installation of a remote signalling system to control bus movements in the staging area. It was concluded that the proposed improvements should not be implemented at this time for a number of reasons presented in the report, including the fact that many of the problems related to bus operations on the Mall occur beyond the staging area, and would still persist despite implementation of the proposed improvements. Alternative low-cost steps that should be taken to improve Mall bus operations were developed. KW - Bus staging KW - Buses KW - Design KW - Redesign KW - Remote control KW - Remote control systems KW - Signal systems KW - Traffic flow KW - Traffic platooning KW - Traffic signal control systems KW - Transit malls KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280023 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00478259 AU - Caliper Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LONG RANGE PLANNING MODEL STUDY. REVISED FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/03/01 SP - 140 p. AB - The objective of this Long Range Planning Model (LRPM) project was to provide the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) with the capability to generate forecasts of the likely cost implications of changes in service levels, operating policies, and labor and materials costs. The LRPM was designed to utilize engineering relationships that describe how inputs (labor, energy, and materials) are transformed into outputs (passenger and freight service). Costs are computed individually for small system subcomponents and aggregated to provide an estimate of systemwide costs. This LRPM project has resulted in the delivery of a powerful and flexible software system that offers numerous potential uses throughout LIRR and serves as a guide for railroad planners to accumulate and organize data for complete cost modeling efforts. The most obvious use of the LRP model is as the basis for modeling costs for the Maintenance of Equipment Division of LIRR. The example provided herein will serve as a building block towards the development of a systemwide cost forecasting model, as well as a template for the development of divisional models at greater levels of details. The LRPM cost modeling software is clearly stated to be suitable for railroad planning. KW - Computer programs KW - Costs KW - Forecasting KW - Long range planning KW - Long term KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Software KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287068 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01595713 AU - Puget Sound Council of Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Transit Ridership to Seattle CBD - 1985 PY - 1988/03 SP - 82p AB - This report will provide a starting point to those who will examine travel conditions and travel behavior into and through the Seattle Central Business District (CBD) upon completion of the bus tunnel. One major segment of travelers to the CBD is that of transit users who commute to and from work on the bus. Another segment is that of transit users who are shopping or have personal business in the downtown. In 1985, Metro conducted an on-board transit survey of all in-bound riders. In 1987, the Puget Sound Council of Governments (PSCOG) conducted a sample survey of downtown employees on their travel behavior which will be discussed in another document. The 1985 transit survey is a good base from which to present information on characteristics of transit riders to the downtown before construction began. The routes to be routed through the tunnel will be revised before the tunnel is completed. This report documents the survey data file used and the SAS code used to prepare these tables. This will make it easier to re-do the tables when the routes are finalized. In 1990, Metro is expected to have acquired only enough dual-powered buses to enable operation of 40% of tunnel capacity. Therefore, the "after" portion of this study may be conducted before the tunnel is operating at full capacity. In May 1985, Metro conducted a survey of "in-bound" riders on one Thursday, one Saturday, and one Sunday. This report discusses only the responses from the weekday (Thursday). The survey included questions on origin and destination, trip purpose, fare payment, car availability, disability and use of the wheelchair lift. Since the survey was distributed only on in-bound trips, the form also asked about a return trip. Standard demographic questions on age, sex, household size, and income were also asked. (See Appendix A for copy of survey form.) Of all in-bound trips, over 40% were destined to the Seattle CBD, and most of these trips were for work. The CBD was defined as the area bounded by I-5 to the East, Royal Brougham to the south, Elliott Bay to the west, and Virginia Street to the north. (See Appendix D for the list of census tracks and blocks.) This report has selected responses from those riders destined to the CBD to identify their trip and personal characteristics. Responses from riders from those routes currently planned to be routed through the tunnel have been distinguished from those that are planned to remain on the surface. (See Appendix B for list of routes. This is a tentative list and is subject to revision and approval by the Metro Council.) Routes currently scheduled for the tunnel include Burien, Renton, Federal Way, Kirkland, Redmond, Bellevue, Aurora Village, Kent and Auburn. University District routes, and those for Northgate, Viewridge and Lake City are also scheduled for the tunnel. Riders on the tunnel routes accounted for 35% of the riders in the 1985 survey. KW - Before and after studies KW - Bus transit KW - Bus tunnels KW - Central business districts KW - Commuters KW - Public transit KW - Ridership KW - Seattle (Washington) KW - Shoppers KW - Travel surveys UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56600/56609/transitridership00unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397674 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00489799 AU - Price Waterhouse AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - USE OF FEDERAL ASSISTANCE FOR PRIVATE OPERATOR CAPITAL COST IN UMTA'S ENTREPRENEURIAL SERVICES CHALLENGE GRANT PROGRAM PY - 1988/03 SP - 35 p. AB - Dynamic changes in travel patterns stepped-up the need for alternative transit service. The explosive growth of employment in the suburbs and the increasing number of city-to suburb and inter-suburban trips have created "new markets" that require more flexible and smaller-scale approaches than those provided by large centralized transit systems. UMTA has developed a program to respond to these "new market" needs--The Entrepreneurial Services Challenge Grant Program (ESCGP). It features start-up capital costs support to entrepreneurs and supports the cost of provider's own equipment purchase or lease (instead of UMTA buying vehicles and leasing or donating them to a provider). The idea behind ESCGP program is to help start new private transit services that can eventually operate without public subsidy. The program is directed toward two groups: equipment lessors and the entrepreneurial transit service providers. This report presents the ESCGP program in detail and illustrates its application through case studies. Section 1 of the report introduces the program and the profitable opportunities for private transit providers. Section 2 details the program options; Section 3 presents a business plan and service agreement for ESP-type of transit service; and Section 4 discusses federal regulatory issues. The fifth and final section of this report presents case studies of transit systems currently operating services similar to ESP program candidates. The National Transportation Office of Price Waterhouse is acting as UMTA's financial advisor and program coordinator for the ESP vehicle leasing and capital subsidy program. For more information, contact Price Waterhouse or UMTA's Office of Private Sector Initiatives. KW - Capital costs KW - Challenge grant KW - Entrepreneurs KW - Federal aid KW - Leasing KW - Mobility KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Public transit KW - Subsidies KW - Suburbs KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299224 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487974 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA MANAGEMENT EDUCATION STUDY: VOLUME 1. SUPERVISORY SURVEY. VOLUME 1 OF 2 VOLUMES: 2 OF 3 REPORTS PY - 1988/03 SP - 327 p. AB - The MTA Management Education Study consists of 2 volumes: Volume 1. Supervisory Survey, and Volume 2. Managerial Survey. The study was designed to meet future managerial needs, upgrade the management staff by internal training and development, and to make use of outside training facilities. The objective of the study was to determine improvements needed to upgrade the current managerial and supervisory training and development programs offered by the Transit Authority. The study addressed the following tasks: Task 1-determination of education and development needs of supervisors and managers; Task 2--Review of existing transit authority programs; Task 3--Examination and evaluation of state-of-the-art programs and techniques; and Task 4--Development of a plan to upgrade the current transit authority's programs. Volume 1 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Supervisory Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. Volume 2 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Managerial Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. The study provides short and long-term recommendations for improving the training and development programs of supervisors and managers. KW - Data collection KW - Education KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298530 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487976 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA MANAGEMENT EDUCATION STUDY: VOLUME 2. MANAGERIAL SURVEY. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. VOLUME 2 OF 2 VOLUMES: 1 OF 3 REPORTS PY - 1988/03 SP - 51 p. AB - The MTA Management Education Study consists of 2 volumes: Volume 1. Supervisory Survey, and Volume 2. Managerial Survey. The study was designed to meet future managerial needs, upgrade the management staff by internal training and development, and to make use of outside training facilities. The objective of the study was to determine improvements needed to upgrade the current managerial and supervisory training and development programs offered by the Transit Authority. The study addressed the following tasks: Task 1-determination of education and development needs of supervisors and managers; Task 2--Review of existing transit authority programs; Task 3--Examination and evaluation of state-of-the-art programs and techniques; and Task 4--Development of a plan to upgrade the current transit authority's programs. Volume 1 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Supervisory Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. Volume 2 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Managerial Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. The study provides short and long-term recommendations for improving the training and development programs of supervisors and managers. KW - Data collection KW - Education KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298532 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487978 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA MANAGEMENT EDUCATION STUDY: VOLUME 2. MANAGERIAL SURVEY APPENDIX. VOLUME 2 OF 2 VOLUMES: 3 OF 3 REPORTS PY - 1988/03 SP - 15 p. AB - The MTA Management Education Study consists of 2 volumes: Volume 1. Supervisory Survey, and Volume 2. Managerial Survey. The study was designed to meet future managerial needs, upgrade the management staff by internal training and development, and to make use of outside training facilities. The objective of the study was to determine improvements needed to upgrade the current managerial and supervisory training and development programs offered by the Transit Authority. The study addressed the following tasks: Task 1-determination of education and development needs of supervisors and managers; Task 2--Review of existing transit authority programs; Task 3--Examination and evaluation of state-of-the-art programs and techniques; and Task 4--Development of a plan to upgrade the current transit authority's programs. Volume 1 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Supervisory Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. Volume 2 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Managerial Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. The study provides short and long-term recommendations for improving the training and development programs of supervisors and managers. KW - Data collection KW - Education KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298534 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487973 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA MANAGEMENT EDUCATION STUDY: VOLUME 1. SUPERVISORY SURVEY. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. VOLUME 1 OF 2 VOLUMES: 1 OF 3 REPORTS PY - 1988/03 SP - 58 p. AB - The MTA Management Education Study consists of 2 volumes: Volume 1. Supervisory Survey, and Volume 2. Managerial Survey. The study was designed to meet future managerial needs, upgrade the management staff by internal training and development, and to make use of outside training facilities. The objective of the study was to determine improvements needed to upgrade the current managerial and supervisory training and development programs offered by the Transit Authority. The study addressed the following tasks: Task 1-determination of education and development needs of supervisors and managers; Task 2--Review of existing transit authority programs; Task 3--Examination and evaluation of state-of-the-art programs and techniques; and Task 4--Development of a plan to upgrade the current transit authority's programs. Volume 1 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Supervisory Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. Volume 2 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Managerial Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. The study provides short and long-term recommendations for improving the training and development programs of supervisors and managers. KW - Data collection KW - Education KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298529 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487975 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA MANAGEMENT EDUCATION STUDY: VOLUME 1. SUPERVISORY SURVEY APPENDIX. VOLUME 1 OF 2 VOLUMES: 3 OF 3 REPORTS PY - 1988/03 SP - 15 p. AB - The MTA Management Education Study consists of 2 volumes: Volume 1. Supervisory Survey, and Volume 2. Managerial Survey. The study was designed to meet future managerial needs, upgrade the management staff by internal training and development, and to make use of outside training facilities. The objective of the study was to determine improvements needed to upgrade the current managerial and supervisory training and development programs offered by the Transit Authority. The study addressed the following tasks: Task 1-determination of education and development needs of supervisors and managers; Task 2--Review of existing transit authority programs; Task 3--Examination and evaluation of state-of-the-art programs and techniques; and Task 4--Development of a plan to upgrade the current transit authority's programs. Volume 1 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Supervisory Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. Volume 2 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Managerial Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. The study provides short and long-term recommendations for improving the training and development programs of supervisors and managers. KW - Data collection KW - Education KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298531 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487977 AU - New York City Transit Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MTA MANAGEMENT EDUCATION STUDY: VOLUME 2. MANAGERIAL SURVEY. VOLUME 2 OF 2 VOLUMES: 2 OF 3 REPORTS PY - 1988/03 SP - 318 p. AB - The MTA Management Education Study consists of 2 volumes: Volume 1. Supervisory Survey, and Volume 2. Managerial Survey. The study was designed to meet future managerial needs, upgrade the management staff by internal training and development, and to make use of outside training facilities. The objective of the study was to determine improvements needed to upgrade the current managerial and supervisory training and development programs offered by the Transit Authority. The study addressed the following tasks: Task 1-determination of education and development needs of supervisors and managers; Task 2--Review of existing transit authority programs; Task 3--Examination and evaluation of state-of-the-art programs and techniques; and Task 4--Development of a plan to upgrade the current transit authority's programs. Volume 1 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Supervisory Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. Volume 2 consists of 3 separate reports titled: Managerial Survey, Executive Summary, and Appendix. The study provides short and long-term recommendations for improving the training and development programs of supervisors and managers. KW - Data collection KW - Education KW - Management KW - Management training KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298533 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00486513 AU - URS Company, Incorporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATE LOCAL BUS OPERATIONS IMPROVEMENT STUDY. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. SECTION 1: REVIEW OF FINANCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS. SECTION 2: INVENTORY REPORT. SECTION 3: DIAGNOSTICS, SERVICE EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS PY - 1988/03 SP - v.p. AB - The Private Local Bus Operations Improvement Study is a comprehensive analysis of local bus operations in the boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn in New York City. The study analyzed six private transit companies that provide local bus service, namely--Command, Green, Jamaica, Triboro, Queens and Steinway. Because of its largeness, this final report is bound as 3 separate documents: Section 1-Executive Summary and Review of Financial and Institutional Arrangements, UMTA-NY-09-0095-88-1; Section 2-Inventory Report, UMTA-NY-09-0095-88-2; and Section 3-Diagnostics, Service Evaluation and Recommendations, UMTA-NY-09-0095-88-3. Section 1 report consists of Chapters 1-4 titled: Operating Assistance Needs of Private Bus Operators; Franchise Requirements and Related Issues; Separating Express and Local Bus Services; and Summary of Recommendations and Conclusions. Section 2 report consists of Chapters 5-10 titled: Transportation Setting and Socioeconomic Characteristics; User Characteristics; Service Levels; System Resources; and Roadway Conditions. Section 3 report includes Chapter 11, Summaries and Appendices. Numerous tables chart out statistical information in areas such as cost centers, allocation models, farebox recovery, ridership, etc. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Evaluation KW - Financing KW - Improvements KW - Inventory KW - Level of service KW - New York (New York) KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Public transit KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299865 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00484832 AU - Shanley, J AU - Central New York Regional Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ELECTRIC BRAKE RETARDERS DEMONSTRATION FOR SMALL PARATRANSIT BUSES. REVISED FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/03 SP - 66 p. AB - CNYRTA operates a demand responsive paratransit system for the elderly and handicapped (E&H) in the Syracuse metropolitan area. Service is provided with a fleet of 15 small, gasoline powered wheelchair equipped buses. Each bus operates 8 hours and 107 miles daily (5 days a week) and used in door-to-door E&H service in addition to rural service throughout Onondaga County. Brake repair is a major cost problem. Brake overhauls occur every 3,000-4,000 mi. (vehicles average 30,000 mi. of revenue service annually). The solution proposed by CNYRTA for the small bus brake problem was to use electric brake retarders--an independent braking system not dependent upon friction to generate a retarding force. (The retarder works simultaneously with standard brakes but absorbs up to 75 percent of braking energy; thus, intervals between brake overhauls can be increased as much as 400-500 percent, and the life of the linings and drums/rotors are greatly extended.) The purpose of this demonstration project was to install and evaluate electric brake retarders on six 22-foot Thomas buses. Data was collected from 6 Thomas buses equipped with retarders and 2 Thomas buses not equipped with retarders. Data was compared and evaluated over an 18 month period. Miles between relinings increased with retarder equipped vehicles. This report contains a description of the electric brake retarder, evaluation and project conclusions. The maintenance staff recommended that future retarder purchases be written into bus specifications of future bus purchases as opposed to the retrofit of existing vehicles. KW - Aged KW - Data collection KW - Demand responsive transportation KW - Electric brakes KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Retarders KW - Retarders (Concrete) KW - Small buses KW - Syracuse (New York) KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/293284 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00479056 AU - Fravel, F D AU - Lebeaux, P M AU - Menzer, R E AU - Shannon, J A AU - Ecosometrics, Incorporated AU - Nebraska Department of Roads AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF INTERCITY BUS SERVICE IN NEBRASKA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/03 SP - 90 p. AB - This study describes the existing service, discusses the need for and use of the service, and outlines several alternatives to meet these needs along with funding options. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Intercity transportation KW - Nebraska KW - Needs assessment UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/5000/5500/5582/778a.pdf UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56366/comprehensivest8827unse_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287542 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476979 AU - Metropolitan Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMETRIC MODELS OF MTA PASSENGER DEMAND PY - 1988/03 SP - 104 p. AB - The New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) facilities carry over 1.7 billion passengers annually. Changes in regional economy, fare and service level policy affect ridership and operating revenue on all services. The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive package of system-wide models as a management tool for predicting the impact of various policy decisions and changes in the regional economy on MTA facilities, operating revenues, and transit operating deficit. Models were developed for Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority (TBTA), Metropolitan Suburban Bus Authority (MSBA), and Staten Island Rapid Transit Operating Authority (SIRTOA). These 3 models were combined with existing econometric models--Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), Metro-North Commuter Railroad (MNCR), and New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA)--and provided a comprehensive MTA-wide system of passenger models. Models will be used for: passenger and operating revenue forecasts; predicting ridership and revenue impacts of changes in levels of fares/tolls, service levels, economic variables, etc.; long-term forecasts in strategic operating plan; and evaluation of impacts of capital projects. KW - Econometric models KW - Forecasting KW - Impact studies KW - Regional planning KW - Revenues KW - Ridership KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286294 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469284 AU - Marshall, A R AU - Atherton, T J AU - Walb, C A AU - Lung, R E AU - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE MVRTA CHARGE-A-RIDE PROGRAM: CREDIT CARD FARE POST-PAYMENT IN HAVERHILL, MA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/03 SP - 106 p. AB - This report presents an evaluation of a demonstration of automated fare collection using on-board credit card readers and recorders on general revenue service buses in Haverhill, Massachusetts. The demonstration project employed a credit card system for fare post-payment which was administered by the local transportation authority. The demonstration was in part unique because it extended credit to transit patrons based on credit worthiness. Standard credit administration techniques were used including day-to-day account supervision, routine billing procedures, dunning notices, and referrals to collection agencies. This demonstration also marked the first successful effort to record fares using on-board automated fare identification recorders in a general revenue service environment. Previous demonstrations of the same equipment were performed in special needs transit programs with unique clienteles. KW - Automatic fare collection KW - Bus transportation KW - Charge-a-ride KW - Credit cards KW - Demonstration projects KW - Fare collection KW - Fare postpayment KW - On board KW - Onboard navigational aids KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279761 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468882 AU - Cooper, N G AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SHARED RIDE TAXI FEEDER SERVICE IN MEMPHIS, TN. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/03 SP - 160 p. AB - From May 1983 through October 1984, the Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA) conducted the Taxi Feeder Demonstration Project. It entailed the operation of fixed-route feeder services through three low-density neighborhoods and one industrial park, connecting them to the public bus system. These feeder services, called the "Neighborhood Shuttle," were operated by private suppliers, who were selected by competitive bid on a route-by-route basis, under contract to the transit authority. The private contractors operated a total of five to ten passenger vehicles along the system of shuttle routes. A grant received from the U.S. Department of Transportation under its Service and Methods Demonstration program funded the project. Neighborhood Shuttle service was implemented as a low-cost way to provide minimal transit service to low-demand, low-density areas. Total costs (includes administrative, operating, and capital) and cost per passenger were compared between each shuttle route and an average systemwide MATA bus. Based on available information, it would appear that privately contracted shuttle service is less costly to operate than conventional MATA fixed-route bus on a total cost basis, but more expensive on a cost per passenger basis. Following the expiration of UMTA demonstration funds, MATA elected to continue operation of only one shuttle route (Presidents Island). The remainder were terminated for productivity reasons, and replaced by modest extensions of existing fixed-routes. KW - Contracting KW - Coordination KW - Demonstration projects KW - Feeder services KW - Fixed routes KW - Integrated transportation systems KW - Private carriers KW - Private operators KW - Public transit KW - Ridesharing KW - Shared ride KW - Taxicabs KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279611 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468840 AU - Greater Bridgeport Reg Plng Agency AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - BRIDGEPORT TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION SYSTEM STUDY PY - 1988/03 SP - 141 p. AB - The need for a central source for public transport information to retain and expand patronage in the 6-town area of the Greater Bridgeport Region (GBR) generated this study. Current information services are fragmented and do not address multi-modal trips. A previous ConnDOT study identified the need for establishing a series of regional transportation information centers that would provide multi-modal transit information and ultimately link-up with private sector data. The objective of this study is to define capital, operational, equipment and management needs for implementing a centralized public transport telephone information center serving the GBR. The literature review conducted and discussed in this report indicated quality information services essential to an operator's marketing/public relations program. Benefits flowing from the implementation of a telephone information center with automatic call distribution (ACD) and automated data retrieval capabilities are also discussed. The Bridgeport Information Center, designed in this report, focuses on at least one trip end within the 6-town Bridgeport area. It consists of an ACD system with 5 active lines and 4 lines allocated to queue capacity; an integrated computerized data retrieval system based around a mini-/microcomputer local area network system; and a management information system comprised of geographic and operator databases and related application software. Capital costs are expected to total $242,100 with annual operating costs ranging between $62,000 in year one of the implementation program and $336,800 in year five. KW - Automatic call distribution KW - Computers KW - Information retrieval KW - Information systems KW - Multimodal transportation KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Telephone KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279584 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468872 AU - Grey Advertising Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT MARKETING MANAGEMENT MARKET RESEARCH PY - 1988/03 SP - 60 p. AB - This report offers a broad overview of consumer research as it applies to the specific problems of transit marketers. Some of the information included is based upon data gathered as part of a Transit Marketing Demonstration Project conducted in Baltimore, Maryland and Nashville, Tennessee by UMTA. This document is designed to provide transit marketers with a better understanding of consumer research, its functions and limitations so that research could be used effectively in a marketing program. The report emphasizes basic marketing principles rather than detailed techniques; it is problem-oriented not technique-oriented. The purpose of this particular report is to describe the kind of research most useful in making marketing decisions so that managers and researchers can work together effectively. The report is divided into four parts. Part 1 outlines the role of consumer research in the marketing decisionmaking process--what to research and when to do it. Part 2 describes the types of strategic research used at different stages in the marketing program. Part 3 discusses some of the research techniques--the tools and methods used in different types of studies. Part 4 discusses professional research services--how to select them and work with them. A bibliography of marketing research material is included in this report along with 4 technical appendices and 4 exhibits that chart out survey sample size, full questionnaire, focus groups and other marketing elements. KW - Consumers KW - Data collection KW - Decision making KW - Market research KW - Marketing KW - Problem solving KW - Questionnaires KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279609 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468422 AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TECHNICAL REPORT ON BUS TESTING FACILITY OPTIONS TO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION, OFFICE OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PY - 1988/03 SP - v.p. AB - The purpose of this report is to provide information on three options for establishing the bus testing facility in Altoona, Pennsylvania. All pertinent legislative documents were reviewed and discussions were held with congressional staff to obtain a clear understanding of the intent of the legislation. KW - Buses KW - Guidelines KW - Legislation KW - Test facilities KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281681 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468835 AU - Development Procurement International AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DBE/WBE TRAINING MANUALS/WORKSHOPS PROGRAM FOR THE URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/02/02 SP - n.p. AB - The purpose of this contract was for the contractor, Development Procurement International (DPI) to research, design, develop and distribute training manual and to conduct two series of workshops for minority and women business entrepreneurs (DBEs and WBEs). The subjects covered were marketing in the transit systems marketplace, engineering/technical issues and the preventive law. The manuals were designed and produced as learning and reference tools to accompany a 1-day workshop curriculum and a 2-day follow-up workshop curriculum. Eight 1-day workshops were conducted during the months of April through July, 1987 in Boston, Baltimore, Atlanta, New York, Chicago, Denver, Houston, and San Francisco. Two 2-day follow-up workshops were conducted in New York and Seattle. The project demonstrated the validity of several key concepts and proved invaluable in encouraging increased DBE/WBE participation in the transit marketplace and enhancing the capability of numerous DBE/WBE firms to enter and compete in that marketplace. For example, it fulfilled the need of many DBEs/WBEs for more information on current market opportunities with transit agencies and major prime contractors serving those agencies. KW - Disadvantaged business enterprises KW - Manuals KW - Minorities KW - Umta section 20 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281694 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00639234 AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Federal Transit Administration TI - EVALUATION OF EMPLOYER DISTRIBUTED TRANSIT PASS PROGRAMS IN TEXAS PY - 1988/02 SP - 194 p. AB - This report reflects the view that the concept of selling and distributing transit passes through employers is an idea whose time has come. The transit agencies studied perceive these programs to be worthwhile investments for encouraging transit acceptance and use while lowering employee commuting costs and reducing the need for activity center parking. This study was undertaken to evaluate the types of employer distributed transit pass programs currently in operation in major Texas cities and selected cities outside Texas. The information presented in this report will assist transit agencies and employers in implementing new (or improving existing) employer distributed transit pass programs. This report presents the results of a detailed analysis of the types of employer distributed transit pass programs implemented by transit agencies in Dallas, Houston, Fort Worth, San Antonio, and Austin. Project information includes the experience of operating such programs in Seattle and Denver, published materials including the demonstration results of projects implemented in Sacramento, Jacksonville and Duluth. The basic intent of this investigation was to: identify the types of programs in operation; determine the impacts of programs on transit agencies, employers and employees; and document employer distributed transit pass programs. KW - Case studies KW - Employer sponsored transportation KW - Fare prepayment KW - Fta section 8 KW - Impacts KW - Passes (Transportation) KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Surveys UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/380600 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468800 AU - Bullard, D L AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATION OF EMPLOYER DISTRIBUTED TRANSIT PASS PROGRAMS IN TEXAS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/02 SP - 194 p. AB - The concept of distributing transit passes through employers has become increasingly popular in recent years. This report presents the findings of a detailed analysis of the types of employer distributed transit pass programs implemented by the transit agencies in five major Texas cities (Dallas, Houston, Fort Worth, San Antonio and Austin). The experiences of operating such programs in Seattle and Denver were also drawn upon. This information was supplemented with published material including the results of demonstration projects implemented in Sacramento, California, Jacksonville, Florida and Duluth, Minnesota. The intent of the investigation was to: 1) identify the types of programs currently in operation; 2) determine the impacts of the programs on the transit agencies, employers and employees; and 3) document the study findings in order to assist transit agencies and employers in implementing new or expanding existing employer distributed transit pass programs. KW - Employee participation KW - Passes KW - Subsidies KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279561 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475616 AU - Barnum, D T AU - University of Illinois, Chicago AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HANDBOOK FOR INCREASING COMPETITION IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION BY RECOGNIZING AND DEALING EFFECTIVELY WITH LABOR REQUIREMENTS PY - 1988/02 SP - 50 p. AB - This handbook identifies the labor issues most frequently encountered in an effort to increase competition and suggests methods for dealing with them. Its purpose is to assist local decisionmakers to clearly understand what labor requirements face their agency, carefully plan their future course of action, and resolutely continue the commitment to increasing competition. The document considers the common and straightforward situations and provides the general knowledge necessary to familiarize the reader with key labor requirements. Part 1 of this handbook introduces the various types of labor requirements imposed on attempts to increase competition in transit. Part 2 discusses the requirements from collective bargaining agreements, and Part 3 examines the requirements from Section 13(c) of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 as amended. Part 4 of this document discusses some general conclusions about the influence of labor requirements on attempts to increase subcontracting and contracting for service. It then summarizes the sections on what decisionmakers should do in one integrated agenda for action. Overall, this research study attempts to show that it is possible to accomplish a great deal of subcontracting and contracting for service under current law and requirements. KW - Collective bargaining KW - Competition KW - Contracting KW - Handbooks KW - Human resources KW - Human resources management KW - Labor KW - Labor requirements KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285895 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475622 AU - Peat, Marwick, Main and Company AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SAFE HARBOR LEASING BY TRANSIT AGENCIES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/02 SP - v.p. AB - Safe Harbor Leasing (SHL) is an arrangement by which the lessee-user, (the transit agency in this case), of the property sold the property to the lessor and received a downpayment plus a note for the balance of the value of the property. The corporate-lessor, as taxpayer-owner of the property, claimed the Accelerated Cost Recovery System (ACRS) depreciation deductions for the property. The lessee-user made an annual rental payment for the use of the property, and received payments for interest and principal on the lessor's note. Since the rental and debt payments in most sale-leaseback transactions are equal, the only money actually exchanging hands would be the downpayment. Both the transit agency and private investor gained from the transaction because the transit property obtained a portion of the 20 percent match for federal funding of capital projects while the private investor obtained a superior after-tax return on the investment by using the ACRS method of depreciation. However, the Federal Treasury lost revenue from these transactions because the depreciation allowance lessened the tax liability of the private investor. This study seeks to: evaluate the economic benefits to transit agencies and others arising from SHL arrangements as compared with revenue losses incurred by the Federal Treasury; address leasing in a larger context through discussion of the types and classifications of leases apart from SHL, that have potential for financing transit capital needs; and present major issues which must be resolved with regard to transit leasing. KW - Depreciation KW - Economic benefits KW - Leasing KW - Private enterprise KW - Revenues KW - Transit operating agencies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287915 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469738 AU - JACQUEMART ASSOCIATES INC AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INTERMODAL ENHANCEMENT TRANSIT BROKERAGE STUDY PY - 1988/02 SP - 124 p. AB - This study was designed to develop an innovative program involving the business community in traffic reduction activities. It was initiated by the City and Stamford Partnership and has become known as the Mayor's Transportation Management Roundtable. Modeled on the transportation management association concept, it will pursue collaborative adoption of traffic reduction actions by the business community. The Roundtable program, plus a funded and effective GSTD, holds great promise for achieving the full intent of the most comprehensive approach to brokerage--the System/Market management strategy. Increasing severity of traffic congestion, the emergence of locally-operated Stamford shuttle service and other factors called for an expanded role of the Greater Stamford Transit District (GSTD)--a brokerage/coordination function. This study reviews the national experience with transportation brokerage and identifies 3 options for the development of a brokerage framework for Stamford, Connecticut: Marketing Enhancement, Transit Coordination, and System/Market Management. The report provides an analysis of the Stamford transit market and of existing transit services. The Transit Brokerage, Implementation, Management and Financing plan suggested outlines funding requirements, and presents study conclusions that highlight a basic strategy for GSTD, namely--an interagency coordination function. A plan for multi-operator marketing actions is discussed along with direct marketing actions and actions for gaining business and general community support of transit use. KW - Brokerage KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Private enterprise KW - Regional transportation KW - Traffic congestion KW - Traffic control KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280024 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469306 AU - Dornan, D L AU - Keith, R AU - Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PARKING PRICING DEMONSTRATION IN EUGENE, OR: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1988/02 SP - 24 p. AB - This report describes the results of a preferential parking/pricing demonstration program operated by the City of Eugene, Oregon, and funded by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration. The program established two residential parking permit zones in the West University neighborhood which restricted on-street parking duration to two hours for commuters. The program also designated certain areas where commuters could park on-street beyond the two-hour limit if they purchased a daily or monthly permit from the City or a local retail establishment or institution. This report assesses the effects of these parking management and pricing tactics on parking behavior, program compliance, travel behavior, and traffic flow. It also analyzes permit distributions and use, program costs and revenues, and implications for areas considering the application of these techniques. The report is divided into two documents: (1) Executive Summary describes the most significant demonstration findings; and (2) Technical Report and Appendices provides a detailed description and analysis of the Eugene demonstration and includes several appendices that illustrate various data collection strategies and forms used during the evaluation. KW - Demonstration projects KW - Eugene (Oregon) KW - Parking KW - Parking regulations KW - Parking restrictions KW - Permits KW - Pricing KW - Residential areas KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279774 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468836 AU - Smerk, G M AU - Henriksson, L AU - McDaniel, K AU - Perreault, P AU - Stark, S AU - Institute for Urban Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MASS TRANSIT MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR SMALL CITIES. PART 1. GOALS, SUPPORT, AND FINANCE. REVISED, THIRD EDITION PY - 1988/02 AB - Although transit systems today are still primarily operations-oriented, it is clear that, nationwide, transit systems of all sizes are becoming more marketing-oriented. The purpose of this revised handbook is to provide information for the management of mass transit, namely, small-scale operations in small cities, i.e., cities operating 101 buses or fewer. Practices of smaller transit systems were investigated, and the best methods used by these systems have been incorporated in this handbook. In addition, a modern, systematic approach to the management of transit firms has been worked into the material to improve conventional practices of the transit industry. The consumer-oriented approach to marketing is emphasized throughout the handbook. This small cities handbook consists of 4 separate volumes/parts. Part 1: Goals, Support and Finance--includes chapters on establishing goals and objectives, understanding the consumer, gaining public support and action, institutionalizing transit as an integral part of the community, and financing transit. Part 2: Management and Control--focuses on management and the control and information devices needed for effective management. Part 3: Operations--covers important areas of day-to-day operations coordinated as the product element in the marketing mix. Part 4: Marketing--addresses promotional activities and the marketing program. This handbook promotes concepts such as results-oriented management, marketing, management-by-objectives. It provides recommendations for policymaking bodies as well as management. Appendices provide information on routing and scheduling, supervision, communications and control of operations, radio communications, marketing programs, questionnaires, and a bibliography. KW - Financing KW - Handbooks KW - Management KW - Marketing KW - Policy making KW - Public relations KW - Public support KW - Public transit KW - Small cities KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281695 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468837 AU - Smerk, G M AU - Henriksson, L AU - McDaniel, K AU - Perreault, P AU - Stark, S AU - Institute for Urban Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MASS TRANSIT MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR SMALL CITIES. PART 2. MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL. REVISED, THIRD EDITION PY - 1988/02 AB - Although transit systems today are still primarily operations-oriented, it is clear that, nationwide, transit systems of all sizes are becoming more marketing-oriented. The purpose of this revised handbook is to provide information for the management of mass transit, namely, small-scale operations in small cities, i.e., cities operating 101 buses or fewer. Practices of smaller transit systems were investigated, and the best methods used by these systems have been incorporated in this handbook. In addition, a modern, systematic approach to the management of transit firms has been worked into the material to improve conventional practices of the transit industry. The consumer-oriented approach to marketing is emphasized throughout the handbook. This small cities handbook consists of 4 separate volumes/parts. Part 1: Goals, Support and Finance--includes chapters on establishing goals and objectives, understanding the consumer, gaining public support and action, institutionalizing transit as an integral part of the community, and financing transit. Part 2: Management and Control--focuses on management and the control and information devices needed for effective management. Part 3: Operations--covers important areas of day-to-day operations coordinated as the product element in the marketing mix. Part 4: Marketing--addresses promotional activities and the marketing program. This handbook promotes concepts such as results-oriented management, marketing, management-by-objectives. It provides recommendations for policymaking bodies as well as management. Appendices provide information on routing and scheduling, supervision, communications and control of operations, radio communications, marketing programs, questionnaires, and a bibliography. KW - Financing KW - Handbooks KW - Management KW - Marketing KW - Policy making KW - Public relations KW - Public support KW - Public transit KW - Small cities KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281696 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468799 AU - Mullins, J A AU - Washington, E J AU - Stokes, R W AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LAND USE IMPACTS OF THE HOUSTON TRANSITWAY SYSTEM: THIRD YEAR UPDATE. INTERIM REPORT PY - 1988/02 SP - 53 p. AB - This report provides a third year update of research performed under Project 2-10-85-1086 between the State Department of Highways and Public Transportation and the Texas Transportation Institute. The data collection and analysis procedures are closely tied to the basic procedures used in other transit/land use impact resulting from the implementation of an extensive priority system of busways (transitways) and park-and-ride facilities in Houston, Texas. Over the duration of this research, four high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes with supporting park-and-ride facilities will be placed in operation in Houston's North (I45-N), Katy (I10W), Gulf (I-45S) and Northwest (US-290) Freeway Corridors. The impacts resulting from three of these HOV treatments (I-45N, I45-S, I-10W) are the object of this research. Preliminary results indicate that while the transportation impacts of those elements of the Houston Transitway system which are operational have been substantial, no substantial land use impacts can be identified at this time. It appears that a more definitive assessment of land use impacts may not be possible until the transitway system is fully operational and more fully integrated into the community's total transportation system. KW - Busways KW - Data collection KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Impact studies KW - Land use KW - Park and ride KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279560 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468839 AU - Smerk, G M AU - Henriksson, L AU - McDaniel, K AU - Perreault, P AU - Stark, S AU - Institute for Urban Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MASS TRANSIT MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR SMALL CITIES. PART 4. MARKETING. REVISED, THIRD EDITION PY - 1988/02 AB - Although transit systems today are still primarily operations-oriented, it is clear that, nationwide, transit systems of all sizes are becoming more marketing-oriented. The purpose of this revised handbook is to provide information for the management of mass transit, namely, small-scale operations in small cities, i.e., cities operating 101 buses or fewer. Practices of smaller transit systems were investigated, and the best methods used by these systems have been incorporated in this handbook. In addition, a modern, systematic approach to the management of transit firms has been worked into the material to improve conventional practices of the transit industry. The consumer-oriented approach to marketing is emphasized throughout the handbook. This small cities handbook consists of 4 separate volumes/parts. Part 1: Goals, Support and Finance--includes chapters on establishing goals and objectives, understanding the consumer, gaining public support and action, institutionalizing transit as an integral part of the community, and financing transit. Part 2: Management and Control--focuses on management and the control and information devices needed for effective management. Part 3: Operations--covers important areas of day-to-day operations coordinated as the product element in the marketing mix. Part 4: Marketing--addresses promotional activities and the marketing program. This handbook promotes concepts such as results-oriented management, marketing, management-by-objectives. It provides recommendations for policymaking bodies as well as management. Appendices provide information on routing and scheduling, supervision, communications and control of operations, radio communications, marketing programs, questionnaires, and a bibliography. KW - Financing KW - Handbooks KW - Management KW - Marketing KW - Policy making KW - Public relations KW - Public support KW - Public transit KW - Small cities KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281698 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468838 AU - Smerk, G M AU - Henriksson, L AU - McDaniel, K AU - Perreault, P AU - Stark, S AU - Institute for Urban Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MASS TRANSIT MANAGEMENT: A HANDBOOK FOR SMALL CITIES. PART 3. OPERATIONS. REVISED, THIRD EDITION PY - 1988/02 AB - Although transit systems today are still primarily operations-oriented, it is clear that, nationwide, transit systems of all sizes are becoming more marketing-oriented. The purpose of this revised handbook is to provide information for the management of mass transit, namely, small-scale operations in small cities, i.e., cities operating 101 buses or fewer. Practices of smaller transit systems were investigated, and the best methods used by these systems have been incorporated in this handbook. In addition, a modern, systematic approach to the management of transit firms has been worked into the material to improve conventional practices of the transit industry. The consumer-oriented approach to marketing is emphasized throughout the handbook. This small cities handbook consists of 4 separate volumes/parts. Part 1: Goals, Support and Finance--includes chapters on establishing goals and objectives, understanding the consumer, gaining public support and action, institutionalizing transit as an integral part of the community, and financing transit. Part 2: Management and Control--focuses on management and the control and information devices needed for effective management. Part 3: Operations--covers important areas of day-to-day operations coordinated as the product element in the marketing mix. Part 4: Marketing--addresses promotional activities and the marketing program. This handbook promotes concepts such as results-oriented management, marketing, management-by-objectives. It provides recommendations for policymaking bodies as well as management. Appendices provide information on routing and scheduling, supervision, communications and control of operations, radio communications, marketing programs, questionnaires, and a bibliography. KW - Financing KW - Handbooks KW - Management KW - Marketing KW - Policy making KW - Public relations KW - Public support KW - Public transit KW - Small cities KW - Transit management KW - Transit vehicle operations KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281697 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468372 AU - Kuzmyak, J R AU - Schreffler, E N AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CASE STUDY REPORT: HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION (TMO). FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/02 SP - 105 p. AB - This report summarizes the results of one metropolitan area's efforts to initiate and develop a Transportation Management Organization (TMO). Also known as a Transportation Management Association or TMA, this is an organizational concept which appears to be helpful in dealing with complex urban transportation problems. The TMO is a public-private partnership, designed to meld the awareness and resources of both sectors into comprehensive programs to combat growth/transportation problems which show up as traffic congestion and/or development controls. TMO's have become an increasingly popular concept for attacking this problem, both in central cities and the suburbs. Yet, simply forming a TMA is not, in itself, an answer. A TMO appears to be an ideal basis, in terms of the representation of the membership, to attack transportation problems at their source. However, it is the program of actions that the TMO adopts, and the clout it has to implement these actions that ultimately determines whether it is effective. Forming a TMO is merely a starting point. This report, therefore, attempts to accomplish two purposes: First, it serves to document and summarize the results of the TMO initiated in Hartford, Connecticut, under the guidance of the Greater Hartford Ridesharing Corporation, from startup in 1982 through December 1987. The second and broader purpose is to develop a general description, or model, of what a TMO is and what it must do to be successful, and then compares Hartford against this theoretical model. KW - Case studies KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Public private partnerships KW - Transportation management associations KW - Transportation management organization, tmo KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279335 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477578 AU - Michigan Department of Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MICHIGAN MINI-VAN USER SURVEY PY - 1988/01/01 SP - 55 p. AB - The Mini-Van User Survey was conducted by the Bus Transit Division of the Michigan DOT. It was designed to capture user reaction to the converted mini-van vehicle utility in providing basic transportation for special-user groups. This survey report documents the Care-Van conversion vehicle that was modified by Care Concepts of Phoenix, Arizona, and selected for the Michigan demonstration. The vehicle is based on the standard Dodge Caravan mini-van chassis and features: enhanced maneuverability, reduced operating costs, wheelchair restraint system, ramp and power door, kneeling capability, and capability of transporting wheelchair or ambulatory passengers. Seven local transit systems participated in the demonstration. Participants integrated the demonstration vehicle into their normal service schedule and observed how well the vehicle accomplished the provision of basic service, and whether it was better in any respect to the present vehicle fleet. Demonstration vehicles were used in city and highway operating environments for an entire year; hence, all types of weather and operating conditions were experienced. With minor exceptions, the mini-van performed well as a specialized service vehicle. It was used to transport wheelchair and ambulatory passengers. Increased head-room and lowered deck made entering and exiting the vehicle quite easy. The overall design profile of the mini-van was readily embraced by participating transit systems. The Bus Transit Division will review the problems identified by this survey (Appendix B) and work with the manufacturers to correct the deficiencies. KW - Aged KW - Conversion KW - Data collection KW - Michigan KW - Minivehicle systems KW - Special user groups KW - Surveys KW - Vans KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheelchairs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286643 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475626 AU - Ostheim, S T AU - Wohlscheid, D C AU - Stieferman, M J AU - Ministry of Works and Development AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - VALUE ENGINEERING PROCESS OVERVIEW. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988/01 SP - 119 p. AB - UMTA's current policy is to encourage the application of Value Engineering (VE) techniques to all construction projects and require its use on major capital projects. This includes stations, guideway structures (underground and elevated), and maintenance facilities as well as systems such as ventilation, communications, signals, power and computer controls. The purpose of this document is to provide transit agencies, design engineers/architects, VE team members and others with VE information related to mass transit facilities including up-to-date methodology for conducting VE programs. The report is also intended to serve as a reference source for managing, planning, performing, reporting and evaluating VE studies. This overview presents the benefits of VE; details for managing a VE consultant; and discussion of the VE process. It provides users with guidance and aims to promote VE use, increase knowledge of VE process, and improve the quality and effectiveness of VE projects. The appendices provide a Glossary of Terms, Bibliography, Worksheets, VE Case Studies, and Examples of VE Change Proposals. Basically, VE is a systematic cost control technique performed by a group of independent professionals experienced in the design and construction of similar facilities. It is not a design review procedure, but rather a means of developing new cost saving ideas and combinations of cost saving ideas. VE is used in private industry, local, state and federal agencies. It has been demonstrated to reduce capital cost without compromising quality, to decrease operating expenses, and to improve project reliability. KW - Construction projects KW - Cost control KW - Public transit KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Value engineering UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285902 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477580 AU - Cervero, R AU - University of California, Berkeley AU - Rice Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AMERICA'S SUBURBAN CENTERS: A STUDY OF THE LAND-USE-TRANSPORTATION LINK PY - 1988/01 SP - 189 p. AB - This report explores the evolution of suburban employment centers (SEC), and their implications for transportation and infrastructure planning. Using transportation and employment data for 57 of these centers in 26 of the nation's largest metropolitan areas, cluster analysis identified six characteristic kinds of development. These were office parks, office centers and concentrations, large scale mixed-use developments, moderate sized mixed-use developments, sub-cities, and large scale office growth corridors. Each kind of development has its own specific transportation conditions or problems associated with it, but the study concluded that higher density, more mixed-use suburban workplaces with nearby affordable housing could yield substantial mobility benefits in the long run. Detailed case studies of the Seattle, Houston, and Chicago suburbs illustrate the kinds of transportation issues facing suburban areas. Institutional, regulatory, and site design initiatives which could help improve suburban mobility are also described. The report should be especially valuable to transportation planners in suburban areas. KW - Business districts KW - Case studies KW - Commuting KW - Infrastructure KW - Land use KW - Mobility KW - Suburbs KW - Traffic congestion KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel patterns KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56324/americassuburba8814drro_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286645 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469271 AU - Lawrence, W AU - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - IMPROVED TURNSTILE WITH STANDARD COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS. FINAL PROJECT REPORT PY - 1988/01 SP - 58 p. AB - SEPTA has completed the first phase of its effort to enhance revenue collections and reduce the level of fare instrument abuse on its rapid transit, subway-elevated system. Three (3) prototype improved turnstiles with standard components were installed at the Bridge Street Station on SEPTA's Market-Frankford Line. The units are capable of verifying magnetically encoded passes, as well as accepting coins and tokens for patron entry. Upon successful conclusion of testing, the units will provide a design for converting all other stations to the new technology, and serve as a model for other Transit Authorities to adopt. KW - Coins KW - Fare collection KW - Magnetic cards KW - Magnetic farecards KW - Passes KW - Prototypes KW - Rapid transit KW - Revenues KW - Tokens KW - Turnstiles KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279751 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00467983 AU - Greater Bridgeport Reg Plng Agency AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATE INDUSTRY BUS POOL PY - 1988/01 SP - 68 p. AB - This study purports to enhance public transportation opportunities for commuters working in the Greater Bridgeport Region of Connecticut, and to determine employer/employee interest in or need for employment-based transportation. The study objectives were: to identify employers interested in providing employees with alternative transportation; to determine employees' willingness to use such alternative services; and to develop strategies to promote rideshare and public transit for commuters having difficulties commuting to work. This study provides an overview of existing and eliminated transit services in the study area including the highway network, population, employment, and commuter travel characteristics. Both an employer and employee survey was conducted to identify companies interested in supporting rideshare and public transit services for employees such as buspooling, vanpooling, and carpooling; and to determine employees' willingness to use such alternative services. Summary of survey results are documented in this report. The study also reviews successful rideshare programs, discusses rideshare alternatives as well as financial costs of implementing rideshare programs, and provides a list of employer/employee incentives. Of the 58 companies that responded to employers survey, 39.7 percent said employees had difficulties commuting to work, and 37.9 percent said no difficulties. Forty six percent of employees surveyed stated traffic congestion was moderately severe, and 34.2 percent said severe. This report discusses strategies that employers can use to encourage employees to commute in carpools, vanpools or public transit. KW - Buspools KW - Carpools KW - Commuters KW - Data collection KW - Employee participation KW - Employers KW - Private enterprise KW - Ridesharing KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vanpools UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279214 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00465770 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - 1987 URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ADMINISTRATION GRANTS ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS. STATISTICAL SUMMARIES. DRAFT PY - 1988/01 SP - n.p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Grant aid KW - Statistics KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/275762 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01070674 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Miami metromover automated guideway system : environmental impact statement PY - 1988///Volumes held: Draft, Final KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Florida UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/830059 ER - TY - SER AN - 00772385 JO - UMTA/TSC evaluation series PB - Transportation Systems Center AU - Marshall, Allen R AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE MVRTA CHARGE-A-RIDE PROGRAM : CREDIT CARD FARE POST-PAYMENT IN HAVERHILL, MA PY - 1988 SP - xi, 89, I-4 p. AB - This report presents an evaluation of a demonstration in Haverhill Massachusetts, of automated fare collection using on-board credit card readers and recorders on general revenue service buses. Charge-a-ride service was found to be feasible but expensive to provide and a number of mechanical problems were associated with the card reading machines KW - Automatic fare collection KW - Buses UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/491339 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00622106 AU - Schwartz, R AU - Port Authority of New York and New Jersey TI - THE HOMELESS: THE IMPACT ON THE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY PY - 1988 VL - 1 SP - 120 p. AB - The goals of this study were: to define the problem and determine the context in which the transportation systems function; to assess the impact on systems and staff in major cities outside the Port Authority region; to analyze possible approaches for Port Authority action to improve conditions at our facilities, including the adoption of model programs, training and legislation; to aid in the development of strategies to be undertaken as part of our mandate to improve the economic and social viability of the region; and to understand the implications of the breakdown of service systems and the impact systems have on one another. The characteristics of the cities selected for the study included: large homeless population; extensive mass transit systems; downtown redevelopment; advocacy/not-for-profit groups; and government bodies/task forces for the homeless. KW - Homeless people KW - Human factors KW - Shelters KW - Social-economic studies KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/362770 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00490396 AU - Denver Partnership, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DOWNTOWN DENVER'S 16TH STREET MALL. A NATIONAL EXAMPLE OF A SUCCESSFUL TRANSIT/PEDESTRIAN SYSTEM PY - 1988 SP - 108 p. AB - Downtown Denver's 16th Street Transit/Pedestrian Mall and its shuttle bus system began operations October 4, 1982. It is an active, vital center of urban activity and serves as a public transportation and pedestrian link in downtown Denver. The project enabled business leaders to apply their organizational, management, financing and partnership-building skills in cooperation with the public sector to insure its continuing success. This report documents the history of Denver's 16th Street Transitway/Mall project, and focuses on the influences, decisions, and events significant to the development and operation of the Mall. The report includes a case study of the development and management of the Mall, points out the factors unique to the Denver experience, and highlights the organizational, managerial, aesthetic, technical and operational lessons that can benefit similar projects and facilities. Overall, the Mall has been successful in providing the benefits that defined its rationale as a transportation project. This report describes the full range of benefits--operational and strategic--that the Mall has provided to the city and the region. KW - Denver (Colorado) KW - History KW - Pedestrian malls KW - Public private partnerships KW - Transit malls KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/299446 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00605392 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - REGIONAL MOBILITY PROGRAM PY - 1988 SP - 6 p. AB - This pocket folder contains information sheets describing the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) Technical Assistance Program, which was developed to address the regional mobility problems found in most U.S. urban regions. The program is structured to undertake research and development of innovative solutions to the regional mobility problem, to enter into cooperative agreements with states, localities and non-profit organizations to demonstrate the feasibility of such innovations and to evaluate and report on the findings of such research and demonstrations. The Regional Mobility Initiative will include the following five focus areas: Transportation Demand Management, Innovative Transportation Services, Entrepreneurial Services, Competititive Services and Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS). These areas will be supported by such program reinforcement measures as technical assistance through the Private-Public Transportation Network (PPTN), documentation, evaluation and information dissemination, and other outreach efforts such as conferences and seminars. KW - Competition KW - Entrepreneurs KW - General service businesses KW - Innovation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Management KW - Mobility KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Technical assistance KW - Transit management KW - Transportation planning KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/349933 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00494904 AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transp AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PLANS FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IN TEXAS PY - 1988 SP - 257 p. AB - A major portion of this report relates the expected needs of the public transportation industry for the next five years, as well as describing the activities within the Public Transportation Fund (PTF) for the years 1986 through 1988. The report details the activities of the industry in Texas for the years 1986 through 1988, describing its improvements and expenditures for that period. Also included is information pertinent to the activities of the municipal Transit Systems, the Taxicab Industry, the Human Services Transportation Systems and finally all other Paratransit Systems. The report includes a segment on Intercity Transportation by both Bus and Passenger Rail Service. Finally, there is a section concerning the issues and recommendations of the Department based on data received from all concerned parties. The final section of the report is a cumulation of each individual Districts Office's summary of transit activity for their area. This consists of anywhere between 5 and 24 pages of information about public transportation events within their area only. KW - Bus transportation KW - Expenditures KW - Intercity bus lines KW - Needs assessment KW - Paratransit services KW - Public transit KW - Railroad transportation KW - Texas KW - Transit services KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305360 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476962 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - INTERVIEW OF WILLIAM G. STEAD, FORMER GENERAL MANAGER OF SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY PY - 1988 SP - 11 p. AB - The Urban Mass Transportation Administration requested the law firm of Kane, Ballmer & Berkman to assist in its compliance review of the Southeast Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). Sworn testimony was thus solicited from William G. Stead, former General Manager of SEPTA, regarding statements he made to the local media concerning questionable practices and improprieties in the management and operation of SEPTA. KW - Interviewing KW - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority KW - Testimony KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286287 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00487983 AU - North Central Texas Council of Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINDINGS OF THE 1984 NCTCOG REGIONAL TRAVEL SURVEY IN DALLAS-FORT WORTH AREA PY - 1988 SP - 285 p. AB - The purpose of this 1984 Regional Travel Survey was to update information on travel patterns and trip characteristics in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. This report summarizes the results of the 1984 NCTCOG Regional Travel Survey and includes the following 3 components: Home Interview Survey, Workplace Survey, and Onboard Transit Survey. Samples of the survey forms for each component are included in Appendix A of this report. Data is compared to results from the 1964 Survey to examine the changes in travel patterns and trip characteristics over the past 20 years. The results of the survey have implications on both the amount and pattern of travel in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. The survey indicated that over the past 20 years, the number of person trips per person has substantially increased. At the same time, auto occupancy in the region has declined causing an even greater increase in the number of vehicle trips per person. The average trip length has also increased for all trip purposes. All of these factors have contributed to the increase in vehicle miles of travel in the region. The data from the Regional Travel Survey has been used extensively in the validation of the NCTCOG travel forecasting process. Trip rates from the Home Interview and Workplace Surveys were used to update the Trip Generation Model, and trip length and origin-destination data were used in Trip Distribution. Basically, these surveys have assisted in producing more accurate travel forecasts for the for the Dallas-Fort Worth area. KW - Automobiles KW - Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Area KW - Data collection KW - Forecasting KW - Regional transportation KW - Surveys KW - Travel patterns KW - Trip generation KW - Trip length KW - Umta section 8 KW - Vehicle miles of travel UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/298539 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00480698 AU - Peeke, C S AU - Lawson, R N AU - Polutchko, J A AU - Agnew, L T AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - RAIL CAR COST CONTAINMENT STUDY. FINAL REPORT PY - 1988 SP - 109 p. AB - This report describes a study of rail car procurements over the past 15 years to analyze cost growth and to determine whether delection, reduction or modification of some procurement conditions (design, specifications, warranties, etc.) could be effective in the containment of future rail car costs. It was found that rail car cost has increased at an average annual rate of 9.4% per year and that, if unchecked, the average rail car will cost $2.4 million in 1995. Even with inflation removed, the average annual rate of growth has been over 5% per year. The analysis points to any areas that should be considered for potential cost savings when rail cars are to be purchased. There are many potential savings methods available. The greatest cost savings identified in this study are from the use of negotiated procurements, existing designs, smaller car sizes and large procurement order sizes. Significant initial cost savings have also been demonstrated from equitable escalation and monetary value clauses, but these add the risk of additional cost later in the contract. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Procurement KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/291659 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00478263 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA ABSTRACTS. COMPENDIUM. JANUARY-DECEMBER 1988 PY - 1988 SP - 138 p. AB - This 1988 Compendium is a compilation of Technical Report Documentation pages that provide bibliographic information and abstracts for 93 recently available UMTA-sponsored project reports. All abstracts are logged-in the transportation database called UMTRIS (Urban Mass Transportation Research Information Service) and are available online (Dialog file 63) to users of Dialog Information Services, Palo Alto, California. The Compendium is a courtesy service exclusively for UMTRIS subscribers. Section 1 of this Compendium provides abstracts of UMTA-sponsored research reports available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) and from Regional Repositories. Section 2 provides abstracts of technical study and planning reports available only through an interlibrary loan arrangement with the designated transportation libraries. Section 3 documents the UMTA Public Private Partnership Program, describes the transportation database UMTRIS, lists UMTA Regional Offices, and provides a listing of research reports currently available to the public by written request. KW - Databases KW - Financing KW - Management KW - Paratransit services KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Rapid transit KW - Rural areas KW - Safety KW - Special user groups KW - Transit management KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Tunneling UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287072 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00470903 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Weigle, Theodore G AU - Transportation Research Board TI - CAUSES OF CHANGE: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PRESSURE SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - pp 37-55 AB - Using strategic planning methods, key pressures and trends that transit must accommodate are identified. The most important challenges and opportunities faced by the industry include the needs to: take more global and strategic views; develop flexible services for suburban areas; aggressively work with the private sector to develop better market conditions for transit and more cost-effective service; and better meet cost control and efficiency mandates. Transit must move away from the idea of an all-encompassing service suiting all needs and become more of a "niche business," tailoring services to specific market segments and opportunities. Innovative agencies recognize the need to create demand and become fully involved in suburban problem solving through zoning commissions, transportation management associations and new mechanisms. Gaining business community support is imperative. This type of outreach is a new organizational and operating strategy that aggressive local agencies are now pursuing. In these and other ways, transit needs to be run more like a business--more entrepreneurially. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Administration KW - Change KW - Communities KW - Community support KW - Cooperation KW - Cost control KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Economics KW - Management KW - Marketing KW - Private enterprise KW - Public relations KW - Public transit KW - Strategic planning KW - Suburbs KW - Transit management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/283408 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00470905 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Alter, Joel AU - Transportation Research Board TI - TRANSIT PLANNING IN THE TWIN CITIES METROPOLITAN AREA SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - pp 67-76 AB - In 1984, a Minnesota legislative study commission on metropolitan transit concluded that "the three functions of effective transit service--planning, arranging, and delivering--are misallocated among the various agencies and levels of government." The commission believed that the region's public bus operators, the Metropolitan Transit Commission (MTC), could not objectively plan new transit services to meet local needs. In addition, the commission was concerned about rising costs, declining ridership, and the lack of local involvement in transit planning. The 1984 legislature established a transit planning structure, based on the commission's recommendations, that is unique among large U.S. metropolitan areas. The legislature limited the MTC to transit operations and short-term planning and allowed the region's metropolitan planning organization, the Metropolitan Council, to continue long-range transit planning and policy setting. In addition, the legislature established a third agency, the Regional Transit Board (RTB), to conduct mid-range planning, implement the policies and plans of the Metropolitan Council, and arrange for transit services. This paper is a discussion of whether this organizational arrangement has worked as intended. Overall, although the 1984 changes improved service planning and increased attention to unmet service needs and the transit system's cost-effectiveness, the RTB still needs to prove itself as an effective problem solver. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Labor unions KW - Management KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Metropolitan planning organizations KW - Organization KW - Public transit KW - Transit management KW - Transit operators KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/283410 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00470906 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Kirby, Ronald F AU - Transportation Research Board TI - CASE STUDY OF THE WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - pp 77-83 AB - The Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) was formed in 1967 through a congressionally approved interstate compact. The compact called for policy guidance for WMATA to be provided by elected officials and their appointees from Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia. WMATA's initial mission was to plan, finance, and construct a rapid rail transit system for the Washington metropolitan area. Subsequently, WMATA was given responsibility for operating the rail system and for acquiring and operating the four local privately operated bus systems. Since 1973, WMATA has operated integrated "Metrorail" and "Metrobus" systems. WMATA policy is established by a board of directors made up of two directors and two alternates from each of three jurisdictions--the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia. The Virginia members are appointed to the WMATA board by the Northern Virginia Transportation Commission. The District of Columbia members are named by the mayor and city council, and the Maryland members are appointed by the Washington Suburban Transit Commission. Most of the board members are elected officials in their own jurisdictions, but a few are private citizens appointed by the jurisdictions. This paper discusses the current size and status of WMATA, the changing transit environment in the Washington metropolitan region, and WMATA's response to the changing environment. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - History KW - Operating revenues KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Regional transportation KW - Strategic planning KW - Transportation planning KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/283411 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00470908 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Jenkins, Harold C AU - Transportation Research Board TI - CASE STUDY OF TRANSIT IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED CITIES SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - pp 97-105 AB - The changing federal involvement in supporting public transit is challenging every transit agency to develop creative solutions to a myriad of problems. Small and medium-sized systems face many of the same difficulties faced by larger systems but often experience proportionately greater funding shortages. One major reason for this is federal regulations and mandates that significantly increase transit deficits. A second reason is the type of federal assistance received by smaller systems compared with that received by larger properties. Although federal capital and operating funding has decreased over the years under the Reagan administration, the most significant reductions have been in the federal funds available for operating assistance. Traditionally, the larger transit systems received, on average, only 14 percent of their operating revenues from the federal coffers. On the other hand, the smaller systems require a much greater federal contribution to their operating ledgers, some approaching 50 percent. Therefore, with the proportionately greater decrease in federal operating revenue, the smaller systems have suffered a proportionately greater hardship. As a result of reductions in federal operating assistance, the smaller systems have been forced to request additional assistance from state and local governing bodies. This need has created new problems, but it has also generated some enlightening solutions to these complex problems. These solutions are the prime focus of this paper. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Federal aid KW - Financing KW - Fund allocations KW - Local government KW - Medium sized cities KW - Operating assistance KW - Operating revenues KW - Public transit KW - Reduction KW - Reduction (Chemistry) KW - Small cities KW - State aid KW - Transit vehicle operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/283413 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00470904 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - McLaughlin, Patricia VanMatre AU - Wilson, Nigel H M AU - Transportation Research Board TI - STRATEGIES FOR COPING: THE RANGE OF OPTIONS SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - pp 56-66 AB - In this paper the organizational options that are emerging for the provision of transit service in large metropolitan areas are defined. Where possible, reference is made to existing examples of each option; a detailed appraisal of experiences is presented in the case studies that follow. In the first section of this paper, the pressures on transit operators, which may result in reorganization, are summarized. Two fundamental approaches to reorganization are then introduced: self-directed change and externally directed change. Organizational options within each category are described in the next two sections of the paper. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Case studies KW - Change KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Organizational options KW - Public transit KW - Strategic planning KW - Transit operators KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/283409 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00470907 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Ulberg, Cy AU - Transportation Research Board TI - EVALUATION OF THE MARKET-DRIVEN APPROACH TAKEN BY THE MUNICIPALITY OF METROPOLITAN SEATTLE SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - pp 84-96 AB - In 1985, the Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle (Metro) began a major change in the way it planned and delivered transportation services. Some believe that the "new Metro" employs innovative techniques adapted from the private sector that will radically alter the ability of the organization to improve transportation in the Seattle area. Others think that the market-driven approach is nothing more than rhetoric describing what Metro has always done. The truth is probably somewhere in between. Three issues emerge in the assessment of how close Metro is (or will be) to one of these polar descriptions: (1) Restructuring the organization introduces problems that inhibit the effective accomplishment of organizational goals; (2) More extensive use of market research and other analytical tools requires acceptance and understanding by staff, management, and policy makers; and (3) Integration of fixed-route bus service with other ridesharing modes requires changes in attitudes of staff, methods to measure success, and a commitment by management and policy makers to promote other modes. Experience with the changes at Metro, from their inception to the present time, is chronicled and evaluated in this paper. The material presented here is based on the author's knowledge of the agency as a full-time employee through the fall of 1983, his continuing contacts with the agency as a contractor, interviews with 20 Metro staff members at all levels in the organization (in addition to conversations with bus drivers while riding the bus), and discussions with several people outside the agency. The opinions presented here are based on those of people inside and outside the agency, but the author assumes full responsibility for the interpretation of those opinions. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Change KW - History KW - Management KW - Market research KW - Policy KW - Public transit KW - Seattle (Washington) KW - Transit management KW - Transit services KW - Transportation planning KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/283412 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00469492 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Transportation Research Board TI - NEW ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSES TO THE CHANGING TRANSIT ENVIRONMENT SN - 0-309-04663-7 PY - 1988 IS - 217 SP - 119 p. AB - The Conference on Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit Environment was sponsored by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA). The objective of the conference was to assess the effectiveness of transit organizational structures now being used, and those developed in recent years, and to identify further organization changes appropriate to the new conditions and pressures transit faces. It was believed that contemporary guidance on organizational change would emerge to assist those addressing this topic on the local level. Findings were presented in resource papers and presentations and further refined in workshop discussions. U1 - Conference on New Organizational Responses to the Changing Transit EnvironmentUrban Mass Transportation AdministrationU.S. Department of TransportationNorfolk,Virginia,United States StartDate:19871202 EndDate:19871204 Sponsors:Urban Mass Transportation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation KW - Change KW - Conferences KW - Effectiveness KW - Innovation KW - Management KW - Measures of effectiveness KW - Organizational structure KW - Organizations KW - Planning KW - Public transit KW - Transit authorities KW - Transit management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/282801 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469273 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - UMTA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND TRAINING PROGRAM. FY 1988 ANNOUNCEMENT. DATE DUE--AUGUST 29, 1988 PY - 1988 SP - v.p. AB - The FY 1988 Announcement provides specific information on the program, application procedures, and discusses the new topic areas. The objective of this year's program is to encourage universities to become sources of advice and information on transportation programs in their communities and to attract more of the Nation's young talent into the mass transportation discipline. Specific topics of research are Improved Suburban Mobility, Development of Business Plans for Public/Private Operations, Fare Loss, and Cooperative Study and Internships. KW - Fares KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Internships KW - Mobility KW - Ost university research KW - Public private partnerships KW - Recruiting KW - Research KW - Suburbs KW - Training KW - U.S. Department of Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281708 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469313 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION ACT OF 1964, AS AMENDED THROUGH FEBRUARY 1988, AND RELATED LAWS PY - 1988 SP - 141 p. AB - This book contains the statutes authorizing and governing the Federal urban mass transportation program and the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA). It is designed to be a handy reference for staff at UMTA, recipients of UMTA funds, and others interested in mass transportation. Part I of this book contains the basic authorizing legislation, the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as it has been amended through February 1988. Part II contains those provisions of the following acts which did not directly amend the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, but do affect the urban mass transportation program: the National Mass Transportation Assistance Act of 1974, the Federal Public Assistance Act of 1978 (Tiltle III of the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1978); the Federal Public Transportation Act of 1982 (Title III of the Surface Transportation Act of 1982); and the Federal Mass Transportation Act of 1987 (Title III of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987). Part III sets out the Federal-aid highway laws related to the urban mass transportation program, including selected provisions of Title 23 of the United States Code, Highways. Part IV contains other selected statutory material related to UMTA and the urban mass transportation program. KW - Amendments KW - Federal aid highways KW - Laws KW - Legislation KW - U.S. Urban Mass Transportation Administration KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279777 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475615 AU - Carter Goble Associates, Inc AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - COST REDUCTION AND SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS FROM CONTRACTING IN RURAL, SMALL URBAN AND SUBURBAN AREAS PY - 1987/12 SP - 99 p. AB - Cost reduction and service improvement from contracting in rural, small urban, and suburban areas is documented in this 17 case studies report. Type and level of cost improvements are summarized. The cases were drawn nationwide from a variety of environments, organizations and approaches to demonstrate that contracted services could succeed in a variety of conditions. The cases include 10 rural systems, 3 suburban and 4 small urban systems. This report is organized into 2 sections--Documentation Reports and Fact Sheets. Section 1 presents a Documentation Report for each of the 13 systems that indicated major successes with privatization. The Documentation Report presents each system in terms of: Description and Background, Factors Which Lead To Private Sector Involvement, Documentation of Cost Difference, Overall Rating Of The Service and Conclusion. Section 2 documents Fact Sheets for 4 systems and were based upon telephone interviews and discussions, and the collection of data through correspondence. Several findings or conclusions drawn from the 17 case studies are documented in this report and may have generic application to other environments. KW - Case studies KW - Contracting KW - Cost control KW - Cost reduction KW - Improvements KW - Level of service KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Rural areas KW - Small cities KW - Suburbs UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56373/costreductionse9004cart_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285894 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468801 AU - Teal, R F AU - Giuliano, G AU - Morlok, E K AU - Golob, J M AU - Alexander, T AU - ELLERMAN, D R AU - Moseley, F A AU - University of California, Irvine AU - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ESTIMATING THE COST IMPACTS OF TRANSIT SERVICE CONTRACTING. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/12 SP - v.p. AB - This study reports the results of an analysis of the potential cost impacts of private sector service contracting by transit agencies as well as the results of a nationwide survey of the magnitude and characteristics of existing transit service contracting. Using cost models developed during the study, an evaluation was made of the cost impacts of contracting out 5 to 20 percent of the existing services of 19 medium and large transit agencies, and all service of 3 small agencies. This evaluation determined that large agencies would save 2 to 49 percent of the costs of the contracted service, with a mean savings of 28 percent, and that medium size agencies would save up to 31 percent of the cost of service they contracted, with a mean savings of 14 percent. No cost savings were indicated for some small and medium agencies. A separate analysis of potential cost savings, using a statistical model developed from data supplied by agencies which currently contract for fixed-route bus service, predicted that agencies of 100 or more vehicles would save 26 percent of the cost of contracted services. The nationwide survey of transit contracting found that 35 percent of all public agencies responsible for transit currently contract for some or all of their transit service. Transit service contracting is concentrated among small agencies, particularly municipalities. Consequently, contracted service represents only 5 percent of national transit expenditures and only 8.5 percent of transit service miles. KW - Contracting KW - Costs KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Private enterprise KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56392/estimatingcosti0602inst_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281689 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468791 AU - Krause, R A AU - Gathy, B D AU - Harmon, R J AU - Sebesta, K AU - Council of State Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINANCING FOR THE FUTURE: CHANGING ROLES IN MASS TRANSIT. FINAL REPORT SN - 0-87292-077-1 PY - 1987/12 SP - 351 p. AB - The financial situations of Federal, state and local governments as they attempt to fulfill public transportation needs is explored. Topics covered are: Part 1: States Working with Federal and Local Governments--Chapter 1-Changes and Trends; Chapter 2-Alternative Financing Mechanisms; Chapter 3-Policy and Funding Implications of the Federal Mass Transportation Act of 1987; Chapter 4-Today in Transit: The State of the Industry; Chapter 5-State Responses to Federal Changes; Chapter 6-State Public Transportation Officials' Views; Chapter 7-Focus; and Chapter 8-State by State Summaries; Part 2: Innovative Approaches to Financing New Fixed Guideway Systems--Chapter 1-Role of Private/Public Coventure Funding; and Chapter 2-Era of Private Franchises and Increased State Sponsorship; and Part 3: Sample State Legislative Precedents in Mass Transit. KW - Deficits KW - Federal government KW - Financing KW - Legislation KW - Local government KW - Privatization KW - State government KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279554 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469303 AU - Peck, A F AU - Bentzen, B L AU - Boston College AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TACTILE WARNINGS TO PROMOTE SAFETY IN THE VICINITY OF TRANSIT PLATFORM EDGES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/12 SP - 60 p. AB - Concern for the safety of visually impaired individuals at the platform edge in rail rapid transit stations led to this study of potential tactile warnings which are designed to give the visually impaired traveller an underfoot warning as the edge is approached. The report describes three related studies: 1) initial laboratory research to identify potential tactile warning materials, in which 23 blind travellers using long canes or guide dogs attempted to locate each of four distinct edge warning materials which were contrasted with four different base platform materials; 2) in-transit research at BART in San Francisco, in which three different edge warning materials in four stations having different environmental characteristics were experimentally tested on 30 totally blind subjects (with an additional study of the effect of the materials on the travel of 24 ambulatory-impaired travellers); and 3) a follow-up laboratory study of "Pathfinder Warning Tiles," which were introduced into the BART study and appeared to have useful warning properties. Evaluations of the materials and recommendations for installation in rail transit stations are included. KW - Blind persons KW - Pathfinder warning tiles KW - Platforms KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Tactile perception KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Visually impaired persons KW - Warning devices UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/DOCS/TWPS.html UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279772 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468369 AU - Krause, R A AU - Patel, D I AU - Gathy, B D AU - Harmon, R J AU - Council of State Governments AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - FINANCING FOR THE FUTURE: CHANGING ROLES IN MASS TRANSIT. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PY - 1987/12 SP - 13 p. AB - As federal funding for public transit continues to decrease, state and local governments must assume more responsibility in order to develop solutions to their financing shortfalls. The three parts of this report look at the history of public transit financing, private/public partnerships, and political methods such as statutes, constitutional amendments, executive orders, etc., used by some states in order to finance their transit systems. KW - Deficits KW - Financing KW - Legislation KW - Local government KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - State government KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279332 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468371 AU - Clarke, M AU - Freilich, J AU - Comsis Corporation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AIRPORT SHARED-RIDE TAXI PROGRAMS IN NEW YORK, CHICAGO AND BOSTON. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/12 SP - 134 p. AB - This report summarizes the development and operation of three shared-ride taxi operations at major U.S. airports. These are: New York's LaGuardia Airport Share-A-Cab; Super Saver Taxi in Chicago; and Share-A-Cab service at Boston's Logan Airport. The Chicago operation provided service from O'Hare and Midway Airports and also, for a short time, within three downtown zones. The report presents information on ridership, costs, and special operating characteristics derived from personal interviews, on-site observations, and review of accumulated data. Special attention is paid to the institutional environment in which the services were implemented, and the special role played by institutional and operational factors in the success or failure of the services. KW - Airports KW - Costs KW - Data collection KW - Ridership KW - Ridesharing KW - Shared ride KW - Taxicabs KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279334 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00465786 AU - Curry, D AU - Crain and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - CASE STUDIES OF UMTA PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVE PROJECTS IN SYRACUSE, CENTRAL NEW JERSEY, AND ATLANTA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/12 SP - 100 p. AB - This report documents the results of three grants awarded in 1983 by the Urban Mass Transportation Administration for Section 8 Private Sector Initiative projects. The grants were intended to encourage cooperative public and private planning for the solution of specified local transportation problems. The resulting projects involved transit services, ridesharing and flex-time promotion, traffic management, changes in parking policies or facilities, and potentially zoning, development, pedestrian, and bicycle policies or plans. The grant recipients were: The Metropolitan Development Foundation (MDF) in Syracuse, New York; The Middlesex Somerset Mercer Regional Study Council (MSM), centered in Princeton, New Jersey and serving the three surrounding Counties for which it is named; and Central Atlanta Progress (CAP), in downtown Atlanta, Georgia. The first two of these organizations have evolved separate transportation management organizations (TMOs) for administering their grant and for receiving supporting donations from member firms. For them, the challenge grants were "seed money" that helped to finance both the transportation studies of interest and the organizing efforts for the TMOs. In contrast, CAP used its existing organization and private funding channels to act as a temporary TMO in managing a feasibility study of a downtown bus loop that will likely be operated by the local transit agency, MARTA, without significant further involvement by CAP. KW - Case studies KW - Governments KW - Grant aid KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Transit services KW - Transportation management associations KW - Transportation management organization, tmo KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/275452 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00465806 AU - Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - LOCALIZED TRANSIT TRIP GENERATION AND IMPACT ANALYSIS WORLD TRADE CENTER/BATTERY PARK CITY AREA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/12 SP - 186 p. AB - The importance of residential travel demand in Lower Manhattan is significant because of existing and proposed residential developments in Battery Park City. Available information does not provide reliable estimates of travel demand during peak hours, directional flow parameters for peak hours, nor parameters to estimate station usage. This report documents the results of a study undertaken to develop a travel demand methodology for estimating transit demand generated by new development projects on subway stations; and to assess the consequences of additional walk trips on selected sidewalk locations. This report describes the type of travel surveys needed to identify and model travel demand parameters for office and residential land uses. A methodology for estimating travel demand for Lower Manhattan's commuters and midday walk trip demand of visitors and employers at office buildings is presented and will be used to estimate the level of service impacts of planned developments on selected subway stations and critical sidewalk/crosswalk segments in the area. Application of the pedestrian forecasting model and allocations of pedestrians to subway stations during morning and evening rush hours are discussed. In addition, impacts of new construction on subway stations and sidewalks are reviewed along with alternatives for improving pedestrian circulation at critical intersections and subway stations in Lower Manhattan. KW - Land use KW - New York (New York) KW - Public transit KW - Residential areas KW - Travel demand KW - Trip generation KW - Umta section 9 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/275463 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00465768 AU - Keough, M AU - New York Institute of Technology AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SCALE ECONOMIES AMONG UNITED STATES BUS TRANSIT SYSTEMS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/12 SP - 39 p. AB - To provide insight into the question of economies of scale among United States bus transit systems, a literature review (which proved inconclusive) and data analysis were conducted. The data covered 73 medium and large bus transit systems for fiscal years ending between January 1 and December 31, 1983. The objective of the data analysis was to determine the extent to which selected unit operating expense variables (e.g., adjusted operating expense per vehicle hour) are a function of various measures of scale (e.g., total buses in the revenue fleet) and other nonfinancial system definition variables (e.g., average operating speed). Regression analysis revealed diseconomies of scale. Roughly ten percent of the variation in adjusted operating expense per vehicle hour is associated with variation in buses operated during the base period. These findings challenge the widely-held belief that economies of scale are present among United States bus transit systems. There is a need, therefore, for policymakers to consider alternate institutional arrangements which would encourage and reward cost-efficiency without compromising quality and safety. Changes in organizational design are also an option. KW - Bus transportation KW - Economics KW - Economies of scale KW - Regression analysis KW - Transportation KW - Umta section 11 KW - United States KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/275442 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469280 AU - Fowler, W AU - ATE Management and Service Company, Incorporated AU - Ohio Department of Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - MAINTENANCE MANAGER'S MANUAL FOR SMALL TRANSIT AGENCIES PY - 1987/11 SP - 238 p. AB - This publication contains information to assist operators of transit agencies providing public transportation in rural and smaller urban areas to better manage their vehicle maintenance programs. The report includes discussions of maintenance management, maintenance programs, preventive maintenance, recordkeeping, selection of type of maintenance operation, in-house maintenance, and maintenance practices. Also included are appendixes giving supplementary information about tire loads; lubrication oil; mechanic hand tools; shop tools; mechanic aptitude tests; technical training resources; maintenance management training resources; and lists of manufacturers of air conditioning systems, wheelchair lifts and wheelchair ramps. The purpose of this manual is to help small transit agencies establish a program to provide better maintenance of their vehicles and ancillary equipment thereby reducing the costs of operating and maintaining vehicles and increasing the useful life of the vehicle. KW - Maintenance management KW - Manuals KW - Preventive maintenance KW - Recordkeeping KW - Rural areas KW - Training KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279757 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475613 AU - Gomez-Ibanez, Jose A AU - Meyer, J AU - Kerin, P AU - Meyer, L AU - Harvard University AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DEREGULATING URBAN BUS SERVICE: BRITAIN'S EARLY EXPERIENCE AND THE LESSONS FOR THE UNITED STATES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/11 SP - 187 p. AB - This report evaluates the first eight months of British urban bus deregulation (from deregulation day, October 26, 1986, through the summer of 1987) and the lessons it holds for U.S. transportation policy. The British program deregulated local bus services outside of the Greater London metropolitan area by (1) allowing operators to offer commercial (unsubsidized) service by simply giving authorities 42 days notice, (2) reorganizing public bus companies as for-profit corporations, and (3) allowing local authorities to supplement commercial services with subsidized services only through competitive bidding. In addition, public subsidies for local bus services were reduced. Deregulation has had promising results so far in the seven major metropolitan areas outside of London we studied. The level of competition among bus companies varies but appears generally effective and growing. Bus mileage declined slightly, fares rose modestly, and ridership is down slightly, but the blame appears to lie largely with the subsidy cuts while deregulation appears to have stimulated mitigating service innovations, such as the introduction of minibuses, and cost and productivity improvements. Many of the specific practices adopted by the British government and companies appear transferable to the United States despite the higher subsidy levels and lower and more highly peaked ridership in the United States. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Buses KW - Deregulation KW - Minibuses KW - Privatization KW - Subsidies KW - Umta section 11 KW - United Kingdom KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285892 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00476985 AU - Charles River Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - IMPROVING TRANSIT PRODUCTIVITY AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS: A REVIEW OF PROMISING STRATEGIES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/11 SP - 84 p. AB - Identifying and implementing actions to enhance productivity is a challenge facing transit managers today. The purpose of this report is to summarize lessons learned to date by the transit industry regarding four major types of strategic initiatives aimed to improving productivity or cost-effectiveness of public transit services. The report defines, explains, and illustrates the sort of actions encompassed by each of the four strategies. Actions to reduce absenteeism are recorded; most combine incentives for improved attendance and disciplinary measures for unsatisfactory performance. The second strategy examined is the use of part-time labor as a means to reduce labor costs. The third strategy--competitive selection of bus service providers--examines the productivity and cost-effectiveness implications of increased service competition. The fourth strategy concerns the better targeting of supply to demand and the productivity and cost-effectiveness implications of such actions. The final chapter addresses implementation of the suggested actions. Gain sharing--negotiating arrangements whereby employees can share in potential rewards and risks of the proposed changes--proffers a means of moving forward. Such plans motivate all employees as well as the organizational units to work together to reduce costs. Current applications of gain sharing programs in the transit industry are documented along with gain sharing program benefits. KW - Bus services KW - Bus transit KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Gain sharing KW - Part time employees KW - Productivity KW - Public transit KW - Strategy KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286300 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469304 AU - List, G AU - Hagen, L AU - Liang, J-C AU - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT SAFETY: A CASE STUDY OF NEW YORK STATE'S PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/11 SP - n.p. AB - This report presents a case study analysis of New York State's Public Transportation Safety Board. It reviews the three-year old organization in terms of its accomplishments in accident investigation, development of system safety plan guidelines, review of carrier system safety plans, safety audits, and policy development. It also presents an analysis of the way in which PTSB interacts with the carriers it monitors; examines PTSB's relationship with other safety-related organizations at local, state and national level; and compares PTSB with the transit safety agencies in other states. Finally, it examines three issues that are of more general interest: safety training, safety audits, and the need for independence for state level safety oversight agencies. KW - Buses KW - Case studies KW - New York (State) KW - Public transit KW - Railroad commuter service KW - Rapid transit KW - Safety KW - Safety practices KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281712 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468798 AU - Urbanik, T AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Texas State Department of Highways & Public Transportation AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SMALL TRANSIT DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (SST3) USER'S MANUAL. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/11 SP - 71 p. AB - This report presents the Small Transit Data Management Software (SST3) User's Manual developed by the Texas Transportation Institute for the Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation as part of a study entitled Computerized Dispatch Aids for Small Public Transportation Providers. SST3 is an enhancement of a GENERIC SMALL TRANSIT DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE PROGRAM (TRANSIT) prepared by Bud Giangrande of the U.S. Department of Transportation/Transportation Systems Center. The TRANSIT program is distributed by the TIME SUPPORT CENTER under the name SST. SST (TRANSIT) was written in dBase II and is intended as a demonstration program. Small Transit Data Management Software is the dBase III version of SST developed for Texas. SST3 has a number of enhancements, but is nevertheless modification of the basic SST concept. The principal functions of SST3 are keeping track of clients, vehicles, and reservations for service in a twenty-four hour advanced reservation type of demand responsive service. SST3 also prints driver logs on which trip data can be entered. Trip data must then be entered into SST3 in order to generate a variety of reports on system and vehicle utilization. SST3 is intended as a dispatch aid and management tool for small special services transportation systems. The implementation of SST3 requires dBase III (or dBase III+), an IBM XT or compatible with MS-DOS 2.X or higher, 512K RAM, 10mb hard disk (20mb recommended), an 80 column IBM proprinter dot matrix printer or compatible, and a monochrome monitor. The dBase source code is provided with the program, so it can be customized by individual systems who have access to a dBase III programmer. KW - Computer programs KW - Data management KW - Databases KW - Information processing KW - Manuals KW - Public transit KW - Software KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279559 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00467998 AU - Maze, T H AU - University of Oklahoma, Norman AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - BUS FLEET MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/11 SP - 197 p. AB - The purpose of this monograph is to demonstrate principles, methods, and techniques that should permit the better management of bus fleets through the systematic use of maintenance records and data. The materials presented are intended to assist the fleet manager in creating a firm structure to plan, evaluate, and control fleet maintenance performance. Bus Fleet Management Principles and Techniques covers: 1) An outline of fundamental management functions defined in a fleet management framework; 2) A planning strategy for the systematic development and structuring of maintenance management information; 3) Instructions for the development of maintenance data collection systems, particularly the collection of maintenance labor performance information; 4) A discussion of a framework for the development of fleet performance measurement; 5) Instructions on the use of Life Cycle Costing in equipment procurement and replacement analysis; and 6) A discussion of a national bus fleet management data, information, and knowledge exchange. The monograph contains examples of several of the strategies illustrated through case studies at the Wichita, Kansas Metropolitan Transit Authority. KW - Buses KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Life cycle costing KW - Maintenance management KW - Management information systems KW - Umta section 11 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56341/busfleetmanagem8820thma_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279224 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01587428 AU - Carter-Goble Associates, Incorporated AU - Chester County Planning Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - Expanding the Use of Private Sector Providers in Rural, Small Urban and Suburban Areas PY - 1987/10//Final Report SP - 132p AB - Eight case studies of rural, small urban and suburban transportation systems were examined to assess their success in: 1) Using private transportation companies; 2) Minimizing or reducing government intervention; and 3) Operating with marginal or no UMTA funding. Three of the case studies, including: Cape May County, New Jersey; Chicago Transit Authority Specialized Service; and Sampson County, North Carolina Department of Social Services have recently transferred part or all of their service operations to the private sector. The other five, including: Canon City, Colorado; Chester County, Pennsylvania; Hawaii County, Hawaii; Kern County, California; and Lawrence, Kansas, have all involved some utilization of private sector operators since the beginning of their systems. Success in utilizing private transportation companies was defined to mean that both the local government transportation sponsor and the private transportation companies had developed a sound, efficient, and effective working relationship and that both parties felt that there were benefits to their side in doing so. The following summary lists those important conditions or factors that have been instrumental in fostering successful private sector involvement: 1. Availability of competent professional contractors interested in doing public business. 2. A source of funding which supports initial implementation and allows for short-term growth. 3. A positive attitude among local elected officials supportive of utilizing the private sector whenever feasible. 4. The commitment of both local officials and staff to continually strive for high degrees of cost efficiency, service productivity and quality. 5. A capability to screen and evaluate prospective subcontractors with respect to their soundness, professionalism, successful track record, and commitment to improving cost efficiencies and service productivity. 6. A monitoring and evaluation program or procedure that minimizes paperwork burden on contractors yet allows accurate assessment of service. 7. A resource for technical and/or management assistance and external evaluation of the service. 8. Establishment of a positive working relationship between government staff and private contractors. 9. A staff person within government to administer or oversee the contracted services who has good interpersonal relationship skills and is open-minded to experimenting with new service concepts. 10. Persistence. KW - Case studies KW - Private enterprise KW - Public transit KW - Rural areas KW - Small cities KW - Suburbs UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56300/56398/expandinguseofp8817cart_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395781 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475619 AU - ATE Management and Service Company, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PRIVATE SECTOR CONTRACTING FOR TRANSIT SERVICES: OPERATOR HANDBOOK PY - 1987/10 SP - 175 p. AB - Changing federal policies have encouraged communities to look beyond the impediments to contracting and to consider the benefits of contracting with private operators for portions of their transit services. This handbook addresses the procedural difficulties involved in the development of contractual relationships between private operators and public agencies. It focuses on transit programs (funded by UMTA) and practical how-to-do-it information about service contracting. The handbook is a valuable resource for private operators opting to improve the effectiveness of their contracting efforts with local governments. It is organized into seven chapters. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 provide background information on new market opportunities, funding programs, and the local transportation planning process. These chapters are necessary for understanding how to effectively participate in public transit programs. The last four chapters deal with the contracting process, how to win contracts, and contracts (types, requirements, problem areas). The appendices provide a sample contract, glossary, excerpts from UMTA Regulations and Third Party Guidelines, documentation of Private Enterprise participation, and capital cost of contracting. KW - Contracting KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Handbooks KW - Private carriers KW - Private enterprise KW - Private operators KW - Public private partnerships KW - Public transit KW - Transit services UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285896 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469761 AU - Carter Goble Associates, Inc AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - STRATEGIES FOR EXPANDING THE USE OF PRIVATE SECTOR TRANSIT AND PARATRANSIT OPERATORS AND REDUCING UMTA SUBSIDY IN RURAL, SMALL URBAN, AND SUBURBAN AREAS PY - 1987/10 SP - 106 p. AB - This report documents eight case studies of rural, small urban, and suburban transit and paratransit systems that were successful in using private transportation companies, minimizing or reducing government intervention, and operating with marginal or no UMTA funding. Cases--diverse in location, environment, and operating methods and funding strategies--were selected by contacting all 50 State DOTs, the American Bus Association, the International Taxicab Association, and the United Bus Owners of America. Data was collected by phone and mail interviews, site visits, and onsite assessments. The report describes each case study and analyzes operating data and financial statistics to show cost savings, productivity, and efficiency differences between privately and publicly operated systems. An assessment of each system's overall impact is provided along with a discussion of its national transferrability. The summarized findings address 4 topics: success in using private transportation companies; reducing government intervention; coping without UMTA funds; and elements for success. The eight case studies examined herein are: Canon City Subsidized Taxi Program; Cape May County Department of Transportation; Chester County Paratransit System; Chicago Transit Authority's Hybrid User-Side Subsidy Program; Hawaii County Transit System; Lawrence Bus Company; Kern Rural Transit System; and Sampson County Department of Social Services. KW - Case studies KW - Data collection KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - Operational analysis KW - Operations KW - Paratransit services KW - Private carriers KW - Private enterprise KW - Private operators KW - Rural areas KW - Small cities KW - Subsidies KW - Suburbs KW - Surveys KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/280039 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00469305 AU - Texas Transportation Institute AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH-OCCUPANCY VEHICLE LANES AND TRANSITWAYS, HOUSTON, TEXAS, OCTOBER 25-28, 1987 PY - 1987/10 SP - 151 p. AB - Urban traffic congestion has become the major transportation issue of the 1980s. A recent FHWA study estimated the daily cost of delay in the U.S. in 1984 on the freeway system alone exceeded $1.2 billion. New approaches for serving urban peak period travel are being investigated, namely--preferential facilities for high occupancy vehicles (HOV). HOV lanes are quick to implement, inexpensive to build, have high theoretical capacity to move people, and thereby, provide a means of accommodating travel growth. Several major U.S. and Canadian cities have opened HOV facilities. A variety of approaches have been used in planning, designing, and operating these facilities and much has been learned. To assist in the timely dissemination of this information and to bring together transportation officials to discuss the issues related to the development of HOV facilities, this Second National HOV and Transitway Conference was conducted in Houston, Texas in October 1987. Experiences of more than a half-dozen cities in the planning, designing, and operating of HOV facilities were presented and documented in this report. Workshops were used to discuss the relevant issues (planning, design, operations, research needs, and funding issues) and identify areas for further evaluation. This report documents the material presented and discussed at the conference. It also provides a Summary of Major Findings and Recommendations and a List of Attendees. KW - Busways KW - Case studies KW - Guideways KW - High occupancy vehicle lanes KW - High occupancy vehicles KW - Peak hour traffic KW - Priority treatment KW - Technology transfer KW - Traffic congestion KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279773 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468833 AU - Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - EVALUATION OF ROCK CHAMBER LINING DESIGN AND INSTRUMENTATION DATA--PORTER SQUARE STATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/10 SP - 551 p. AB - The research reported here made use of an extensive exploration program consisting of borings, an inspection shaft and a pilot tunnel and of extensive instrumentation consisting of extensometers, strain gauged steel ribs, piezometers and convergence measurements. The engineer's design and its predicted performance was compared with observed performance. Five empirical methods for rock classification and support prediction were applied to examine their applicability, the influence of available information and of subjectivity. For average conditions all methods are applicable, but for unfavorable conditions only one method can be used. Plane strain finite element analyses using ADINA and a coupled 3-d finite element-boundary element analysis using the newly developed code CAVERN were applied and their results compared to the other predictions and observed performance. For normal cross-sections both analysis methods are very satisfactory, however for the intersection only CAVERN can be used. Additional work reported concerns and economic value of pilot tunnels, the performance of the HydrostaticPressure Relief System and the adequacy of the instrumentation. KW - Finite element method KW - Structural design KW - Tunnel design KW - Tunnel lining KW - Tunnel supports KW - Tunnels KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279583 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468834 AU - Lede, N W AU - Cooper, L C AU - Texas Southern University, Houston AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - PUBLIC TRANSIT SYMPOSIUM: EMERGING ISSUES AND OPTIONS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/10 SP - n.p. AB - This report summarizes the proceedings of the Fourth National Transportation Symposium on Minorities. The conference was conducted by the Center for Transportation Training and Research, Texas Southern University for the Minority Affairs of the American Public Transit Association. This conference was designed to bring together some of the nation's most stimulating thinkers and experts to examine key issues facing the public transit industry. More than four hundred (400) participants from a cross-section of public transportation professionals, appointed and elected officials, urban and regional planners, and other representatives from the public and private sectors. Educators and students, leaders from business and industry, social practitioners, community organizers, and developers participated in the conference discussions and exhibits. Selected papers, graphic illustrations, and evaluative comments on the conferences are included in this volume. This report documents highlights of the symposium and summarizes findings relevant to key issues. KW - Financing KW - Minorities KW - Privatization KW - Public transit KW - Technology transfer KW - Transit services KW - Transportation policy KW - Trend (Statistics) KW - Umta section 20 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281693 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468419 AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Maryland Mass Transit Administration AU - Federal Highway Administration TI - NORTHEAST EXTENSION OF THE BALTIMORE METRO, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT SUBMITTED PURSUANT TO THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT 42 U.S.C. 4332(2) (C) PY - 1987/10 SP - v.p. AB - During preliminary engineering, the Preferred Alternative, a 1.5 mile extension of the Baltimore Metro rail transit system from the existing Charles Center Station to Johns Hopkins Hospital, was considered in conjunction with a TSM Alternative and a No-Build Alternative. The Preferred Alternative includes two new stations: Market Place Station and Johns Hopkins Hospital Station. The proposed rail extension addresses the need for increased accessibility from Baltimore's Northeast Corridor to MetroCenter as well as linking areas currently served by Metro to the major employment center at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The FEIS examined several potential areas of impact including transportation, land use, economic, historic and archaeological resources, air quality, noise and vibration, parklands, and construction. Mitigating measures for impacts are identified; there are no unresolved significant impacts. The FEIS includes revisions to the DEIS. Vertical lines in the right margin indicate revisions to the DEIS text. The EIS concentrates on the study area of the Preferred Alternative and includes further refinement and analyses carried out during preliminary engineering; a summary of the comments and recommendations received on the DEIS; a list of persons, organizations, and public agencies commenting on the DEIS; and responses to substantive comments raised in the review and consultation process. KW - Accessibility KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Baltimore (Maryland) KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Impact studies KW - Line extensions (Rail transit) KW - No build KW - Transportation system management KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/281680 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00467996 AU - Pultz, S AU - Koffman, D AU - Crain and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - THE MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. EAST BUSWAY IN PITTSBURGH, PA. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/10 SP - 162 p. AB - The Port Authority of Allegheny County (PAT), the primary public transit operator in Pittsburgh, PA, built an exclusive roadway for buses which opened for service in February 1983. The two-lane, 6.8-mile facility serves the eastern suburbs via a right-of-way shared with Conrail tracks. The busway includes six stations and seven bus ramps. New routes which provide frequent service catering to walk-ons and transfers at the stations have proved popular. These routes, and pre-existing express service which has been rerouted to take advantage of the busway, offer significant travel time savings compared to conditions before the busway. The busway was as expensive to build as a light rail line built in an alignment requiring similar (cut and fill) construction techniques. Operating costs on the busway are less than those for comparable light rail service. The report includes documentation of planning and implementation, operations, safety and reliability, ridership, and community impacts. KW - Busways KW - Express buses KW - Operating costs KW - Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) KW - Reserved routes KW - Ridership KW - Right of way KW - Routes KW - Suburbs KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279223 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00465716 AU - Multisystems, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - DISPATCH-A-RIDE DEVELOPMENT STUDY PY - 1987/10 SP - 98 p. AB - Dispatch-A-Ride (DAR) is a specialized transportation service for the elderly and handicapped (E&H) population that was initiated in 1978 and is sponsored and coordinated by the Norwalk Transit District (NTD), Connecticut. An Intertown Program was added in 1984 and Escort Services were introduced in 1985 as part of the DAR service. Funding is provided through the City of Norwalk, UMTA, South Western Connecticut AAA, social service agency in-kind contributions and passenger fares. Three social service agencies (Kiwanis Senior Center, STAR, and Elderhouse) and one for-profit operator (Yellow Cab Co.) operate the service and provide approximately 30,000 passenger trips per year. This report presents a comprehensive review of the 9-year old DISPATCH-A-RIDE program operating in the Norwalk Transit District of Connecticut. The study aim was to examine the current status of DAR and how well it is responding to the demands for special transportation services. Estimates of the needs of the system over the next five years are also documented in this report. A mailback survey of persons registered with the program was conducted and results are documented in Chapter 1 along with service eligibility criteria and demographic characteristics of the target area population (Chapter 2). Chapter 3 addresses customer service issues and Chapter 4 examines administration and operations of the program, including service policies and how the carrier network is established. Chapter 5 provides conclusions and recommendations. The report compares the DAR program with similar existing programs in Brockton, MA and Pomona, CA and others. Comparisons indicate that DAR service is doing its job and potential exists for added patronage. KW - Aged KW - Data collection KW - Dispatch-a-ride KW - Dispatching KW - Needs assessment KW - Paratransit services KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Social service agencies KW - Special service KW - Surveys KW - Transportation KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/275420 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00494906 AU - Woodman, G K AU - Public Private Transportation Network AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - AN ANALYSIS OF LABOR ISSUES RAISED BY THE SUBCONTRACTING OF PUBLIC TRANSIT OPERATIONS PY - 1987/09 SP - 20 p. AB - Efforts by transit providers to reduce costs are leading them to look more and more to the private sector to provide certain transit services. In such instances, agencies should have a well developed subcontracting program which takes into consideration labor relations, especially collective bargaining and section 13(c) labor protection for their regular employees. Contents include: Section I. Introduction; Section II. Subcontracting and Collective Bargaining; Section III. Subcontracting and Section 13(c); Section IV. Changes in State Statutory Law; and V. Options and Conclusion. KW - Collective bargaining KW - Labor relations KW - Laws KW - Legal documents KW - Private enterprise KW - Statute cases KW - Subcontractors UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/305362 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00477585 AU - Merrimack Valley Planning Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration AU - Office of the Secretary of Transportation TI - ELDERLY AND DISABLED TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR THE MERRIMACK VALLEY PY - 1987/09 SP - v.p. AB - The Merrimack Valley Planning Commission (MVPC) prepared the Elderly and Disabled Transportation Plan as part of the transportation planning process conducted annually for the Merrimack Valley region. Recent Federal legislation requires all regional transit authorities to prepare plans for the provision of transportation services accessible to elderly and disabled citizens as well as the non-disabled public. Persons with disabilities include the hearing impaired, visually impaired, and mentally impaired in addition to the mobility impaired. Data used in the compilation of the transportation plan was generated from contact with the general public through mailings and public hearings, networking at Elderly and Disabled Task Force meetings, investigations for related transportation projects, and personal contact with citizens and social service agency representatives in the region. The elderly and disabled transportation plan includes an assessment of transportation services provided to the elderly and disabled residents of the region; an identification of additional transportation needs in the region; projected transportation needs of the future; and an analysis of transportation services provided in each community of the region. Based on an analysis of these findings, recommendations were developed to aid in the improvement of transportation services throughout the region, and to create new services where none exist. KW - Aged KW - Data collection KW - Needs assessment KW - Persons with disabilities KW - Public transit KW - Special user groups KW - Surveys KW - Transit services KW - Transportation KW - Transportation planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287976 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00474177 AU - East-West Gateway Coordinating Council AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - ST. LOUIS METRO LINK PROJECT. FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT PY - 1987/09 SP - v.p. AB - The primary focus of this Final EIS is a major transit capital investment in the St. Louis central/airport corridor which connects Metro East, downtown St. Louis, and the Airport/McDonnell Douglas complex. Five primary alternatives were considered to improve transit in the corridor: 1) no-action; 2) transportation systems management (TSM); 3) busway; 4) light rail transit (LRT); and 5) light rail transit with shuttle bus service (to Clayton). The LRT/bus shuttle, known locally as the Metro Link project, is the locally preferred alternative, which has been refined in the preliminary engineering study, including the consideration of three intermediate length options, and compared with updated no-action and TSM alternatives. The following effects of the preferred alternative are considered: transportation; economic development; displacement; neighborhood; visual and aesthetic; air quality; noise and vibration; ecosystem; water; energy; historic, archaeological, and cultural; parkland; and financial effects. This Final EIS includes revisions to the Draft EIS; a summary of the comments and recommendations received on the Draft EIS; a list of persons, organizations, and public agencies commenting on the Draft EIS; and responses to substantive comments raised in the review and consultation process. Changes in the text of the Draft EIS are indicated in this Final EIS by a solid vertical line in the margin. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Environmental impact statements KW - Light rail transit KW - Saint Louis (Missouri) KW - Shuttle buses KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287892 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00474179 AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - SAFETY EVALUATION OF THE NORRISTOWN HIGH-SPEED LINE. FINAL REPORT. VOLUME I--OVERVIEW AND VOLUME II--SUPPORTING MATERIAL PY - 1987/09 SP - v.p. AB - During the past two and one-half years, over 25 incidents and four major accidents have occurred on the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority's (SEPTA's) Norristown High-Speed Line. As a result of these events, the Department of Transportation's Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) initiated a "safety evaluation" (investigation) as authorized by Section 22 of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended. The objective of this safety evaluation was to determine if conditions exist that create a serious hazard of death or injury on SEPTA's Norristown High-Speed Line (NHSL) and to describe their nature and extent. This two volume report consists of Volume I which contains the Executive Summary, Introduction, Conditions of Concern, and Conclusions and Volume II which contains the Approach, System Description, and Appendices. KW - Crashes KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Safety KW - Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/287893 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468000 AU - Hathaway, W T AU - Markos, S H AU - Baker, J B AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - REVIEW OF BART "C" CAR FIRE SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/09 SP - 76 p. AB - The report presents the results of a review of the fire safety characteristics of the prototype BART "C" Car. Initiated in response to a request from the Urban Mass Transportation Administration (UMTA) Region IX Administrator, the review has been structured to address the concerns expressed by the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). This review addresses the prototype "C" car fire safety characteristics, and it specifically highlights the ignition prevention and fire containment stages of a transit vehicle fire. The review examines the BART fire experience, vehicle documentation (revisions available as of December 1986), materials, fire testing, and undercar equipment. Interior materials and undercar equipment are described, ignition sources identified, and an evaluation of BART's effort to address potential fire hazards is presented. The final section of the report presents the conclusions and recommendations. KW - Fires KW - Prototypes KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Safety KW - Safety standards KW - San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District KW - Standards KW - Testing KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279226 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00465810 AU - Drain, M C AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - HEAVY RAIL TRANSIT SAFETY 1986 ANNUAL REPORT PY - 1987/09 SP - 34 p. AB - The Heavy Rail Transit Safety 1986 Annual Report is a compendium and analysis of heavy rail transit accident and casualty statistics reported by the thirteen heavy rail transit systems in the United States during 1986, under UMTA's Safety Information Reporting and Analysis System (SIRAS). KW - Crashes KW - Fatalities KW - Injuries KW - Rapid transit KW - Safety KW - Statistics KW - Umta section 6 KW - United States KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/275464 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00474174 AU - Post, Buckley, Schuh & Jernigan TI - FERRY FEASIBILITY STUDY. MAINLAND PORT ARTHUR TO PLEASURE ISLAND, TEXAS PY - 1987/09 SP - 64 p. AB - South East Texas Regional Planning Commission and the City of Port Arthur Planning Department initiated this study to determine the feasibility of instituting and operating a ferry service to transport autos and passengers, or passengers only, from mainland Port Arthur to Pleasure Island at four downtown locations. The study developed a procedure for estimating potential ferry ridership based upon total trips to Pleasure Island, travel distances, and population distribution within the area. It estimated costs of initiating and operating a ferry service and the amount of future development needed on Pleasure Island to generate revenues to cover operating costs. Ferry equipment options and estimated implementation and operation costs are summarized in this report. The needed level of development to be achieved provided the indicator for determining implementation of the service. Results of cost estimates indicated that cost of initiating auto ferry service would be approximately $900,000, about $517 per day to operate; about 517 auto trips required to cover operating expenses. Passenger ferry service was estimated to be $285,000, about $467 per day to operate; 934 passenger trips required to cover operating costs. Based upon results of this analysis, neither the auto ferry nor passenger ferry alternatives will generate sufficient trips to cover operating costs under any future development scenarios envisioned for this study area. However, if deficits were shared by governments, passenger service could be justified in light of the benefits such service might give to the re-development of the downtown waterfront area. KW - Costs KW - Feasibility analysis KW - Ferries KW - Ridership KW - Trip generation KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/285379 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01595700 AU - MacDorman, Littleton C AU - MacDorman and Associates AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TOP DOG: Transit Operator Manpower Planning Model PY - 1987/08//Final Report SP - 304p AB - This document describes the application of Transit Operator Planning, Diagnostic, and Optimization Guidelines (TOPDOG), a model that can assist transit managers in planning and analyzing their vehicle operator requirements. The objective of TOPDOG is to provide information that aids in determining the most cost-effective number of full-time and part-time operators (FTOs and PTOs) to employ based on service schedules and operator work assignments. KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Hiring policies KW - Manpower planning KW - Personnel management KW - Transit operating agencies KW - Transit operators UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56500/56576/topdogtransitop8730macd_0.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1397508 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00468797 AU - Spielberg, F AU - Anderle, S AU - SG Associates, Incorporated AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TRANSIT GARAGE PLANNING GUIDELINES. A REVIEW PY - 1987/08 SP - 274 p. AB - The purpose of this project was to develop guidelines for planning bus maintenance garage facilities useful to the transit industry. This is a State-of-the-Practice report that documents a review of 33 modern bus maintenance facilities, i.e., facilities built after 1975. It includes procedures used to plan the facilities and the space allocated to various functions in the facilities (administrative, transportation and maintenance services). Data was obtained through site visits, telephone interviews, and mailouts to 17 single facility maintenance garages, 11 multiple facility garages, and 5 heavy maintenance facilities. (Appendix A of this report charts the floor plan layouts, floor space data, architectural data, and operations data for the bus maintenance facilities selected.) This report is organized into 9 chapters including the Introduction. Chapter 2 discusses the approach used to develop space allocation data for various functions and data limitations. Chapters 3,4, and 5 present data on space allocation for administration, transportation, and maintenance services as well as distinctions between single and multiple facility operations and systems. Chapter 6 discusses size and space requirements for bus storage, circulation, inspection, and servicing, and details for bus parking space, bus maneuvering space, and service lane space. Chapter 7 discusses functional space allocation in heavy maintenance facilities. Chapter 8 covers the methods used by transit systems to select the best facility alternative. Two economic analysis methods are discussed along with methods to select the best location for maintenance facilities. KW - Bus garages KW - Garage planning KW - Garages KW - Guidelines KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Planning KW - Umta section 8 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/279558 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00475909 AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated AU - San Francisco Public Utilities Commission AU - Urban Mass Transportation Administration TI - TROLLEYBUS PROPULSION EVALUATION. FINAL REPORT PY - 1987/08 SP - 177 p. AB - This report documents the findings of a test program conducted on San Francisco Municipal Railway's trolleybus system to evaluate four different types of propulsion systems. Equipment tested in this program was the General Electric switched resistor controller, an air-cooled thyristor chopper made by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, a freon-cooled thyristor chopper made by Alsthom Atlantic, and an AC propulsion system made by Garrett-Stromberg. The report includes a description of each propulsion package supported by schematics and photographs. The data recording equipment (BUSDAC) and the data analysis equipment (PLOTPAC) are described in great detail. The report also includes the test routes, bus loading information, and test schedules. The findings are documented in terms of comparisons of each system's efficiency and ability to regenerate, and a cost analysis comparing switched resistor and advanced propulsion is also presented. The appendices include raw data for each system and example PLOTPAC result forms. This program was sponsored by UMTA to promote further advancements in trolleybus propulsion systems. KW - Air cooling KW - Alternating current KW - Choppers KW - Choppers (Electricity) KW - Coolants KW - Cooling systems KW - Freon KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Resistors KW - Thyristors KW - Trolleybuses KW - Umta section 6 KW - Urban Mass Transportation Act KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/286006 ER -