TY - RPRT AN - 00175509 AU - MUHLENBERG, J D AU - Mitre Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION. VOLUME VI. CRITIQUE OF PHASE I. TEST SERIES RESULTS REPORTS PY - 1978/02 SP - 30 p. AB - The major output resulting from the Phase I effort which is of interest to railroads, suppliers, and the Phase II contractor was the series of Test Results Reports, which contained summary commentary and selected processed data from the field testing. Because of the importance of the content of these collections of data and the quantity of data involved, these reports are addressed in considerable detail in this report. KW - Data collection KW - Design KW - Field tests KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Information processing KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Optimization KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Research projects KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69768 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176255 AU - DINGLE, A D AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR CLEARINGHOUSE EXPERIMENT: EVALUATION OF THE EXPANDED CLEARINGHOUSE PY - 1978/01 SP - 114 p. AB - The Freight Car Clearinghouse Experiment, which started in September 1974 as a cooperative undertaking of three railroads to improve freight car utilization, was expanded in the summer and fall of 1976 to include ten railroads. With some changes in membership the Clearinghouse is still in operation today. The report examines the benefits accruing to the member railroads as a result of the expansion. The report estimates that: (1) empty interchange received cars decreased by nearly a quarter; (2) loaded car-miles increased; and (3) the monetary savings amounted to over 30 million dollars per year spread over all the member railroads. KW - Benefits KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car supply KW - Car supply (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Cargo transportation KW - Contract rates KW - Cooperation KW - Empty cars KW - Freight cars KW - Freight transportation KW - Industry structure KW - Management KW - Per diem KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Savings KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/70009 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179123 AU - Stickler, J J AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - COMPARISON OF LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR THEORIES FOR THE LIMRV AND TLRV MOTORS PY - 1978/01 SP - 132 p. AB - The Oberretl, Yamamura, and Mosebach theories of the linear induction motor are described and also applied to predict performance characteristics of the TLRV & LIMRV linear induction motors. The effect of finite motor width and length on performance predictions is examined for each theory. The edge and end effects are shown to play a dominant role in determining motor performance. The LIM thrusts predicted by the Oberretl, Yamamura, and Mosebach computer models are in reasonable agreement over most of the LIM speed range. The Oberretl theory tends to predict somewhat lower thrust values than the Yamamura and Mosebach theories; possible causes for the divergent thrust predictions are discussed. Computer listings for the Oberretl and Yamamura linear induction motor theories are presented in the appendix. KW - Advanced systems KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Mathematical models KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Research vehicles KW - Tracked vehicles KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71194 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170421 AU - Egle, D M AU - Bray, D E AU - University of Oklahoma, Norman TI - NONDESTRUCTIVE MEASUREMENT OF LONGITUDINAL RAIL STRESSES: APPLICATION OF THE ACOUSTOELASTIC EFFECT TO RAIL STRESS MEASUREMENT PY - 1978/01 SP - 113 p. AB - An ultrasonic probe has been designed, evaluated and shown capable of measuring longitudinal stress changes in railroad rails. The probe utilizes the effect of applied stress on wave velocity (acoustoelastic effect) to determine the stress change. Both laboratory and field evaluation has shown that the probe is capable of measuring stress changes with an accuracy of plus or minus 6.9 MN sq m (plus or minus 1 ksi). KW - Measuring instruments KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Rail stress KW - Stresses KW - Ultrasonic tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58294 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170422 AU - Bray, D E AU - University of Oklahoma, Norman TI - ULTRASONIC PULSE PROPAGATION IN THE COLD-WORKED LAYER OF RAILROAD RAIL PY - 1978/01 SP - 142 p. AB - Ultrasonic pulses propagating along the rolling surface of used railroad rail were observed to have two distinct arrivals. One arrival corresponded to the expected Rayleigh wave. The other, travelling just ahead of the Rayleigh wave, could not be identified as either a pure shear or dilatational wave. An analysis of the material properties in the rail head showed some significant differences to exist between the cold-worked layer on top of the rail and the underlying structure. The observed condition of a low-velocity layer over a high-velocity substructure was found to satisfy the requirments for the progagation of the M2 (Sezawa) shear wave mode. Experimental data and solutions to the governing wave equation showed that the early arrival was the M2 mode. The cause of the shear wave velocity reduction in the cold-worked zone was investigated. The results of these investigations showed that a material texture having the (531) crystallographic plane parallel to the rolling plane and the (112) crystallographic direction parallel to the rail axis was the most probable cause of the velocity reduction. KW - Metallurgy KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Rail tests KW - Structural tests KW - Ultrasonic tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58295 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 01508375 AU - United States Federal Railroad Administration TI - Northeast Corridor improvement project : environmental impact statement PY - 1978///Volumes held: Draft(2v,v.2 fol),Dsum, Final(3v,v.2 fol) KW - Environmental impact statements UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1292699 ER - TY - CONF AN - 01489599 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board TI - Bridge Engineering. Volume 2 SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - 266p AB - This issue contains 32 papers that represent proceedings of a conference on bridge engineering conducted by the Transportation Research Board, September 25-27, 1978, in St. Louis, Missouri. Specific topics addressed include: design codes; fatigue tests of prestressed girders; seismic resistance and retrofitting; lateral load distribution; web stresses; dynamic bridge response; wind-induced response; and aerodynamic stability. Additional topics covered include: box girder bridges; pedestrian bridges; suspended span bridges; cable-stayed bridges; bridge design and construction; traffic loads; prefabricated steel decks; deck panels; new construction techniques for concrete bridges; segmental bridge construction; design and installation of driven piles; wave equations; low-volume roads; short-span concrete bridge construction; log stringer bridges; posttenisoning of longitudinally laminated timber bridge; multiple service level railings; catastrophic bridge failues; and early warning collison systems. U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge construction KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge engineering KW - Bridges UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1258477 ER - TY - CONF AN - 01411057 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board TI - Bridge Engineering. Volume 1 SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - 270p AB - This issue contains 34 papers concerning bridge engineering. The papers represent proceedings of a conference on bridge engineering held by the Transportation Research Board, September 25-27, 1978, in St. Louis, Missouri. Specific topics addressed in this volume include: a computerized bridge inventory; inspection programs; replacement, rehabilitation, and repair; service life extension; bridge widening; viaduct renovation; covered bridges; and railroad bridge design. Other topics covered include: fatigue; ultimate strength; delamination; impregnation of decks with linseed oil; deicing; reliability; overloading; superloads; in-plane and out-of-plane instability; autostressing; and environmental stresses. U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge construction KW - Bridge construction KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge foundation KW - Bridge foundations KW - Bridge maintenance KW - Bridge management systems KW - Drainage KW - Drainage KW - Materials KW - Materials UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1178855 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00364963 AU - LePage, R G AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIORAL RELATIONSHIPS OF RAILROAD TRACK MAINTENANCE SPENDING PY - 1978 SP - 215 p. AB - This report summarizes the activities and results of the research effort on Class I railroads operating in 1978 and between 1962 and 1977. Five tasks have been presented as follows: (1) industry interviews, (2) hypothesis development, (3) data acquisition, (4) model development, and (5) forecast and assessment of results through the year 1990. Application of the model to the 1978-90 forecast for the Class I industry as a whole demonstrated the utility of the model as a means of assisting Federal policy evaluation and analysis. KW - Analysis KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Crash investigation KW - Data collection KW - Maintenance KW - Railroad tracks KW - Standards KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/177186 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00859742 AU - SPEH, PAUL E AU - GRIFFIN, SCOTT AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Center AU - Department of Defense TI - RAILROAD ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY.. T2 - ASSESSMENT FOR CLASSIFICATION YARDS AND ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1978 AB - No abstract provided. KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electromagnetic compatibility KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/522855 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00825909 AU - WINESTONE, ROBERT L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NEW YORK TO WASHINGTON PASSENGER MARKET: ELEVEN YEARS OF TRAIN-AIR DATA. PY - 1978 AB - No abstract provided. KW - Air travel KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger traffic KW - Railroads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/516007 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00825910 AU - WINESTONE, ROBERT L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NEW YORK TO WASHINGTON PASSENGER MARKET: ELEVEN YEARS OF TRAIN-AIR DATA. PY - 1978 AB - No abstract provided. KW - Air travel KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger traffic KW - Railroads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/516008 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183758 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Rabbat, B G AU - Hanson, N W TI - FATIGUE TESTS OF BOLTED CONNECTIONS DESIGNED BY SHEAR-FRICTION SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 145-152 AB - For the elevated structure of Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority's (MARTA) system, bolted connections were designed to provide composite action between the precast concrete deck slab units and the main longitudinal girders. The connections were designed using the shear-friction procedure described in Section 11.15 of the 1971 ACI Building Code, Pretorqued bolts were used as "reinforcement". The paper describes tests of 16 specimens that simulated the joint between the deck and the girder of the MARTA structure. Controlled variables included use of concrete girder, steel girder, different size bolts and different times of grout between deck and girder. The specimens were subjected to repeated loads of either 2 or 5-million cycles. These tests provided a means for determining the behavior of the bolted connection under repeated loading. The test results are compared with values calculated according to the shear-friction concept. Design recommendations are presented. (Author) U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bolted joints KW - Bolts KW - Bridge decks KW - Concrete KW - Deck girder bridges KW - Elevated guideways KW - Elevated structures KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Friction KW - Girder bridges KW - Girders KW - Grouting KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority KW - Precast concrete KW - Rail transit facilities KW - Reinforcement (Engineering) KW - Shear strength KW - Slabs KW - Steel UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-019.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=FATIGUE+TESTS+OF+BOLTED+CONNECTIONS+DESIGNED+BY+SHEAR-FRICTION&author=B.+Rabbat&author=N.+Hanson&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80025 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00331887 AU - USSR Ministry of Railways TI - THE SYSTEM OF RAILROAD AND MOTOR VEHICLE CONTAINER TRAFFIC AND ITS FUTURE DEVELOPMENT T2 - SISTEMA PEREVOZOK KONTEINEROV V ZHELEZNODOROZHNOM I AUTOMOBIL'NOM SOOBSCHENIYAKH I PERSPEKTIVY IKH RAZVITIYA PY - 1978 SP - 7 p. AB - This paper prepared by TsNII (the All-Union Order of the Red Banner of Labor Scientific Railway Research Institute) presents general information on container traffic in the USSR. Topics covered include container designs, dimensions, and capacities, as well as container-handling techniques used by Soviet railroads. The paper states that containerization presently accounts for 70 percent of all less-than-carload freight shipments in the USSR and claims that this proportion could be increased to as much as 90 percent. KW - Container design KW - Container handling KW - Containerization KW - Containers KW - Design KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Less carload traffic KW - Less than carload traffic UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/164466 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00331857 AU - Transport Publishing House TI - FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION ON RAILROADS--REFERENCE BOOK T2 - PEREVOZKA GRUZOV PO ZHELEZNYM DOROGAM--SPRAVOCHNIK PY - 1978 SP - 456 p. AB - This reference book describes the basic operational procedures used by railroads, shippers, and consignees for the transportation of freight by railroad in the USSR. Topics covered include the planning and routing of freight shipments, general freight-handling procedures, accounting procedures, and shipping charges (for full-car loads, less-than-carload shipments, and container shipments). All the information provided in this reference book complies with the USSR railroad regulations and rules for freight transportation. The book is intended for the use of shippers, consignees, and railroad employees in engineering and technical areas. KW - Accounting KW - Containerization KW - Forecasting KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Freight handling KW - Freight operations KW - Freight rates KW - Freight traffic KW - Freight transportation KW - Less carload traffic KW - Less than carload traffic KW - Planning KW - Railroads KW - Rates KW - Routing KW - Shippers KW - Traffic forecasting KW - Traffic managers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/164449 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00331859 AU - Transport Publishing House TI - RAILROADER'S ECONOMICS REFERENCE BOOK. PART I AND II T2 - ECONOMICHESKYI SPRAVOCHNIK ZHELEZNODOROZHNIKA PY - 1978 SP - 813 p. AB - This reference book is published in two volumes, part I and part II. The topics covered in part I include railroad freight and passenger service planning, operations, and management; the automation of railroad transportation; the operational costs and unit costs of freight and passenger service; the principal assets of the Soviet railroads; and the cost restraints and economic effectiveness of new railroad technology. Information is also given in part I on the role of Soviet railroads within the national transportation system and that system's role in the national economy. The topics covered in part II include railroad productivity, labor organizational structure, labor management practices, employee wage and bonus systems, freight and passenger tariffs, financial planning and data analysis, economics of the railroad supply system, economics of railroad repair enterprises, and railroad statistics for selected foreign countries. This reference work is intended for general readers, engineering and technical employees of railroads, and students in professional technical schools and secondary school institutions. Second edition of a work first published in 1971. KW - Economic analysis KW - Economics KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Freight transportation KW - Management KW - Management policies KW - Passenger transportation KW - Policy KW - Railroads KW - Statistics KW - Tariffs UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/164451 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00331858 AU - Kulaev, K V AU - Tishkin, E M AU - Transport Publishing House TI - AN INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE FIELD OF MANAGEMENT T2 - INFORMATSIONNAYA SISTEMA V SFERE UPRAVLENIYA PY - 1978 SP - 88 p. AB - This book addresses problems in constructing an automated information system oriented toward control of the transportation process at the USSR Ministry of Railway Transport level. Discussed are the experience in developing an industrial branch automated information system, separate decisionmaking processes, problems of information systems integration, the development of a man-machine dialogue mode, and the procedures for cataloging, storing, and retrieving computerized information. This book is intended for engineering technical employees involved in the management field, as well as in the development and introduction of the Automated Railroad Transportation Control System (ASUZhT). It also serves as a study aid for the teaching of management organization and provides ASUZhT-related information for use in skill-upgrading courses and in institutions of higher education. KW - Decision making KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Information processing KW - Information systems KW - Management information systems KW - Railroads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/164450 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00308641 AU - Transportation Research Board AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD RESEARCH BULLETIN, SPRING 1978. VOLUME 5, NUMBER 1 PY - 1978 SP - 324 p. AB - This publication contains 1,045 abstracts of journal articles and research reports and descriptions of computer programs and magnetic data tapes. It also has 531 summaries of ongoing research activities in the railroad field. The material, selected from current railroad literature and other contemporary sources, covers the entire range of railroading from technology to operations, management, economics and government involvement. Literature sources are worldwide. The material is arranged according to the RRIS classification scheme in two separate sections, one for the abstracts and descriptions and the other for ongoing project summaries. This publication supplements material in the 10 prior Railroad Research Bulletins which should be retained for a complete file of RRIS data. KW - Advanced systems KW - Bibliographies KW - Economics KW - Freight transportation KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Management KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad research information service KW - Rapid transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/144994 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00308642 AU - Transportation Research Board AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD RESEARCH BULLETIN, AUTUMN 1978. VOLUME 5, NUMBER 2 PY - 1978 SP - 336 p. AB - This publication contains 1,195 abstracts of journal articles and research reports and descriptions of computer programs and magnetic data tapes. It also has 466 summaries of ongoing research activities in the railroad field. The material, selected from current railroad literature and other contemporary sources, covers the entire range of railroading from technology to operations, management, economics and government involvement. Literature sources are worldwide. The material is arranged according to the RRIS classification scheme in two separate sections, one for the abstracts and descriptions and the other for ongoing project summaries. This publication supplements material in the 11 prior Railroad Research Bulletins which should be retained for a complete file of RRIS data. KW - Advanced systems KW - Bibliographies KW - Economics KW - Freight transportation KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Management KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad research information service KW - Rapid transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/144995 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00190369 AU - Volodin, V I AU - Transport Publishing House TI - LOCOMOTIVE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES T2 - LOKOMOTIVNYE DVIGATELI VNUTRENNEGO SGORANIYA PY - 1978 SP - 239 p. AB - This book covers the principles of operation, operating processes, fundamentals of diesel locomotive internal combustion engine dynamics, engine components, and locomotive gas-turbine plants. Primary attention has been directed at diesel locomotive engines. This book is intended for engineering-technical personnel working in the field of railroad transportation. KW - Diesel engines KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Gas turbine locomotives KW - Gas turbines KW - Internal combustion engines KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82362 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00184737 AU - Carnegie Mellon University AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL FREIGHT SYSTEMS PY - 1978 SP - 174 p. AB - This report of a conference on rail freight systems examines the technical, economic and institutional problems facing railroads, indicating areas where change and improvement have the potential for holding or regaining markets. Participants presented 15 papers in four sessions dealing with the following: (1) Inherent service characteristics and emerging markets for rail freight service; (2) Externally imposed constraints that affect the emerging role of railroads; (3) Constraints internal to the rail industry that affect the emerging role of railroads; (4) Major opportunities for effective development and improvement of rail freight service. KW - Forecasting KW - Freight service KW - Freight traffic KW - Government policies KW - Government regulations KW - Labor relations KW - Marketing KW - Policy KW - Pricing KW - Productivity KW - Quality of service KW - Rates KW - Regulations KW - Shippers KW - Technological forecasting KW - Traffic forecasting KW - Traffic managers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/77249 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183786 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Scanlan, Robert H TI - METHODS OF CALCULATION OF THE WIND-INDUCED RESPONSES OF SUSPENDED-SPAN BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - p. 108-111 AB - An outline is given of the manner in which expressions for the buffeting forces of the wind, together with those for the self-excited aerodynamic forces due to resulting bridge motion, may be used to predict the random response of a long-span bridge to the action of the natural wind. The problem is examined in terms of the individual responses of the several modes of the structure as they are randomly excited, both in space and in time, by wind gusts. The bridge deck modes in question are each considered to have vertical, torsional and lateral sway components. Recent formulations for wind horizontal and vertical gust spectra are employed. More complete literature references are cited for the details of the methodology used. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Aerodynamics KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Suspension bridges KW - Velocity KW - Wind KW - Wind velocity UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80053 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183788 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Podolny, Walter TI - CONCRETE CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 121-130 AB - This paper presents a comprehensive review on a case-study basis of concrete cable-stay bridges either completed, under construction or in design, with the intent of encouraging designers to consider the feasibility of this type of structure. Evolution of concrete cable-stay bridges is traced from Torroja's Tempul Aqueduct in Spain, completed in 1925, to present day design concepts. Particular attention is given to structure concept, geometric configuration, design considerations, structural details, and method of construction. As late as 1970, the practical span limit of steel cable-stay bridges was considered to be 300 m (1,000 ft). Recently, concrete cable-stayed bridges are considered technically feasible with spans approaching 500 m (1,600 ft). It has been projected that with an aerodynamically shaped composite concrete and steel deck a span of 700 m (2,300 ft) can be achieved. With today's technology of prefabrication, prestressing, and segmental cantilever construction, it is obvious that cable-stay bridges are extending the competitive span range of concrete construction to dimensions that had previously been considered impossible. The technological means exist, they only require implementation. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Aerodynamics KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Bridges KW - Cable stayed bridges KW - Cantilevers KW - Concrete bridges KW - Construction management KW - Prefabricated structures KW - Prestressing KW - Structural design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80055 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183795 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Ballinger, Craig A AU - Podolny, Walter TI - SEGMENTAL BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION IN WESTERN EUROPE--IMPRESSIONS OF AN IRF STUDY TEAM SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 182-191 AB - In April of 1977, under the sponsorship of the International Road Federation, a five-man team of U.S. bridge engineers visited Western Europe to study segmental prestressed concrete box girder bridges. The purpose of study was to examine and evaluate the current construction methods and design considerations for this type of bridge. The team visited bridges under construction and completed in West Germany, Austria, Northern Italy, Denmark, Holland, and France. Technical meetings were held with representatives of leading European design firms as well as bridge engineers from the governments of West Germany, Holland, and France. These meetings involved technical discussions of design, construction, and serviceability aspects. This paper presents information gathered during these visits and discussions on the following topics: construction with precast and cast-in-place concrete; erect by balanced cantilever, span-by-span, progressive placing, and incremental launching methods; design considerations relating to live load requirements, segmental joints, allowable tension in concrete, crack control, temperature gradient, shear keys, etc. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Box girders KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Cantilevers KW - Cast in place structures KW - Construction management KW - Live loads KW - Precast concrete KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Segmentation KW - Serviceability KW - Structural design KW - Temperature KW - Tension UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80062 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183797 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hunt, Hal W TI - CURRENT PRACTICE IN DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF DRIVEN PILES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 200-208 AB - Tests have proved that H-piles can dependably carry heavier loads than usually are assigned to them. Concrete and timber piles are being loaded heavier. Prestressed concrete piles benefit from improved splicers. Gaining in use are H-pile extensions for precast. The H end, with cast steel protection, can assure penetration into compact material; it can prevent sliding of sharply battered piles or piles driven on steeply sloping rock; it provides protection to the vulnerable end of a precast pile. An import from Europe is an interlocking deep-web H that can be used with sheet piles for cofferdams or a strong wall. Improved mandrels have increased use of corrugated shell piles. The wave equation is increasingly used for determination of driving stresses and selection of the optimum combination of pile and hammer. Dynamic measurement gives instant pile capacity information at minimum cost. More adequate soils investigation and foundation planning can reduce overall cost. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Cofferdams KW - Concrete KW - Concrete piles KW - Foundations KW - Loads KW - Mandrels KW - Pendulum tests KW - Pile driving KW - Piles (Supports) KW - Precast concrete KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Properties of materials KW - Soil characteristics KW - Soils KW - Steel KW - Steel piling KW - Webbing KW - Wood KW - Wood piles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80064 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183769 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - CASSANO, ROBERT C AU - LeBeau, Richard J TI - CORRELATING BRIDGE DESIGN PRACTICE WITH OVERLOAD PERMIT POLICY SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 230-238 AB - Bridge engineers in many states have been designing bridges using working stress methods and AASHTO HS20 live load vehicles for the past 25 years. Recently, the AASHTO Specifications have permitted the use of load factor design for common structure types. During this same period there has been a significant increase in the number of vehicles that greatly exceed legal loads operating with special permits, as well as a marked increase in the weight of legal vehicles. To accommodate these loads, higher stress levels, defined as "operating stresses " in the AASHTO Manual of Maintenance Inspection of Bridges, are allowed at the discretion of the responsible agency. The practice of designing new structures by one set of rules and comuting overload capacities by another results in a peculiar situation. The overload capacity of new structures varies widely depending upon construction materials and span length. It is inefficient to have the load capacity of a route segment limited by one or two structures while others have far greater capacity than can possibly be utilized. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to alert bridge engineers that they will reduce the usability of their highways by adopting load factor design without a corresponding increase in design live loads. Second, to relate how the California Department of Transportation assures uniform overload capacity at "operating stress" levels in new structues by routinely including a family of standard permit vehicles as one of the loading conditions in a load factor design method. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Authority KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Districts and authorities KW - Live loads KW - Maintenance KW - Overloads KW - Oversize loads KW - Specifications KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Travelers UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-030.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=CORRELATING+BRIDGE+DESIGN+PRACTICE+WITH+OVERLOAD+PERMIT+POLICY&author=R.+CASSANO&author=R.+LeBeau&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80036 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183782 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Dhar, C L AU - Chu, K H AU - Garg, V K TI - DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF A SINGLE TRACK RAILWAY TRUSS BRIDGE SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 73-80 AB - A lumped mass model of a railway truss bridge is developed. The model considers only the vertical degree of freedom of each truss joint. The vehicle system is idealized as a three degree of freedom model consisting of the carbody and wheel-axle sets. Dynamic interaction equations for the bridge-vehicle system are derived and solved using the numerical integration method. Impact factors for member forces and nodal deflections are generated under the action of a single or a series of three moving vehicles. Finally, a limited parametric study is performed to determine the influence of vehicle speed, vehicle suspension characteristics and sprung mass on impact factors. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge stresses KW - Bridges KW - Computer programs KW - Degrees of freedom KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Equations of motion KW - Impact studies KW - Joint KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Mathematical models KW - Motor vehicles KW - Pneumatic equipment KW - Pneumatic rollers KW - Rollers KW - Speed KW - Stresses KW - Suspensions KW - Traffic speed KW - Train track dynamics KW - Truss bridges UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80049 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183784 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - KING, JPC AU - Holowka, M AU - Dorton, R A AU - Agarwal, A C TI - TEST RESULTS FROM THE CONESTOGO RIVER BRIDGE SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 90-98 AB - The Conestogo River Bridge is a three span continuous steel plate girder structure with a concrete deck longitudinally prestressed for full composite action. The design live loading was an upper-bound representation of all observed truck loadings in Ontario, and a grid analysis was used instead of the usual live load distribution factors. A new load factor method was employed, and deflection and impact values provided by the AASHTO Specifications were abandoned in favour of a dynamic analysis, resulting in a very flexible structure with low natural frequencies. Other features include the use of high strength bolts as shear connectors, and slab test panels designed for membrane action with greatly reduced reinforcing steel percentages. On the basis of full scale load tests, the advisability of the regular use of these features on future bridges is determined. The testing program was conducted using two test vehicles, each of which could be loaded to 890 kN (200 kips). Static tests indicate good correlation between analytical and experimental strains, with load distribution significantly better than predicted by AASHTO Specifications. Dynamic tests indicate that this very flexible bridge, with a first mode frequency below the usual range of commercial vehicle frequencies, behaves as anticipated. The valuable information obtained from this project is incorporated in the new Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bolts KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Concrete KW - Dynamic characteristics KW - Dynamics KW - Girder bridges KW - High strength bolts KW - Live loads KW - Reinforcing steel KW - Specifications KW - Static tests KW - Trucks KW - Waterloo (Canada) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80051 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183799 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Sprinkel, Michael M TI - SYSTEMS CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR SHORT-SPAN CONCRETE BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 222-227 AB - Systems construction techniques have recently been used in the widening and replacement of numerous substandard or deteriorated short-span bridges in Virginia. The techniques involve the mass production of precast concrete components to one or more standard dimensions. Standard designs have been used for precast slab superstructures in the 3.1-9.1 m (10-30 ft.) span range, and for precast, prestressed single T-beams in the 9.1-20.1 m (30-66 ft.) span range. A modular precast parapet has been developed to accommodate all span lengths. Other modular concrete components that have been used include the channel beam, box beam, I-beam, and permanent bridge deck form. Evaluations have shown that the use of these mass produced components can minimize bridge costs; the same forms can be used many times and costly on-site forming and form removal are eliminated. Also investigations have shown that the use of precast components enables a reduction in on-site construction time that provides motor vehicle fuel savings for construction personnel and the traveling public. The experience in Virginia suggests that systems construction is an economical and operationally efficient method for widening or replacing short-span bridges. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Brick construction KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Concrete bridges KW - Construction management KW - Costs KW - Maintenance KW - Precast concrete KW - Prestressing KW - Superstructures UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80066 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183801 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Taylor, R J AU - Csagoly, P TI - TRANSVERSE POST-TENSIONING OF LONGITUDINALLY LAMINATED TIMBER BRIDGE DECKS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 236-244 AB - Longitudinally, nail-laminated timber bridge decks are used extensively in northern Canada, where the cold and dry climate discourages the activities of fungi and termites. The load-carrying capacity of these structures is dependent upon their ability to effectively distribute wheel loads among the laminates; this being a function of the friction and the holding power of the nails. Due to overloads, volumetric changes and environmental effects, the holding power tends to diminish resulting in a subsequent reduction in the load-carrying capacity of the bridge. Construction of these nail-laminated systems involves extensive labour, since thousands of nails have to be driven into hundreds of laminates. Quality control is quite difficult as it requires continuous supervision to ensure that all the nails are properly placed and driven. This report describes the application of transverse post-tensioning to an existing longitudinally nail-laminated timber deck structure in Ontario. This 3-span continuous bridge portrayed the delaminating problem, and as such, presented an appropriate test site for a post-tensioning system. Load testing was done before and after post-tensioning to determine its effects on the structure's response. An evaluation of the test results indicated that the structure's load-carrying capacity was increased by at least 100%. Transverse post-tensioning, in effect, replaces the need for nailing and hence reduces the labour required for construction. Quality control extends only to ensuring that adequate post-tensioning forces exist to provide the friction necessary for load distribution, allowing for anticipated losses due to creep. This confined deck system exhibits better resistance to the environment, as it eliminates the penetration of foreign materials between the laminations. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Before and after studies KW - Bridge decks KW - Canada KW - Climate KW - Construction management KW - Creep KW - Laminated wood KW - Load transfer KW - Loads KW - Posttensioning KW - Technology KW - Tensioning KW - Timber KW - Timber trestles KW - Transverse tensioning KW - Trestles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80068 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183771 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Maeda, Yukio AU - Hayashi, Masa TI - IN-PLANE AND OUT-OF-PLANE INSTABILITY OF A 297 M SPAN STEEL ARCH BRIDGE SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 246-254 AB - Ohmishima Bridge, which is now under construction in Japan, is a steel highway bridge spanning 297 m (974.4ft.) of a half-through two-hinged solid rib arch stiffened by side ties. The two main arch ribs of box section are stiffened respectively, by two side ties. One end of each tie is fixed to the top of an abutment in both side spans. Bending moments and stresses due to live loads or wind loads in the arch ribs can be reduced by the stiffening ties more than those of ordinary two-hinged arches, and the steel weight of the ribs decreases considerably. Therefore, this new type arch is more economical than an ordinary two-hinged or fixed solid rib arch. Since the arch ribs become more slender, geometrical nonlinearity of the arch may be more remarkable. To investigate the geometrical and material nonlinearities of such a long-span and unusual type of steel arch bridge including overall in elastic instability, extensive experimental and analytical studies were carried out. In this paper, the results of the analytical study with discussions are reported. The combined nonlinear analyses are performed by a matrix method based on finite displacement theory for in-plane and out-of-plane instability. It was confirmed that the side ties for stiffening a two-hinged arch bridge are very effective for the reduction of stresses and geometrical nonlinearities and for an increase of overall ultimate strength in-plane or out-of-plane of the arch. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Arch bridges KW - Bending moments KW - Box girders KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Highway bridges KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Metal bridges KW - Ribs (Structural) KW - Steel bridges KW - Stiffness KW - Stresses KW - Ultimate strength UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-032.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=IN-PLANE+AND+OUT-OF-PLANE+INSTABILITY+OF+A+297+M+SPAN+STEEL+ARCH+BRIDGE&author=Y.+Maeda&author=M.+Hayashi&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80038 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183778 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Aziz, Tarek S AU - Cheung, M S AU - Bakht, Baidar TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMPLIFIED METHOD OF LATERAL LOAD DISTRIBUTION FOR BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 37-44 AB - A new simplified method for establishing the live load design moments in most common types of bridges is presented. The proposed method was developed by using orthotropic plate theory and was checked by the grillage analogy method. The basis of the method together with the details of development methodology are discussed. Different variables which may affect load distribution in bridges were examined, and the main variables governing the distribution factors were selected for the present study. The study deals mainly with single span right bridges which can be analysed using the orthotropic plate theory or grillage analogy. However the limits of applicability of the distribution factors to continuous and skew bridges and bridges with diaphragms and edge beams are also discussed. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Beams KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge substructures KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Live loads KW - Load transfer KW - Orthotropic KW - Skew bridges UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80045 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183789 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Finzi, Leo TI - STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS FOR THE MESSINA NARROWS BRIDGE SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 131-139 AB - In the past few years a lot of work has been done in Italy on where and how to build the Messina Narrows Bridge. The main problems were the nature and strength of the soil, dangerous currents, winds, faults and relevant earthquakes. At the same time many solutions for a double "one mile" span stayed or suspension bridge and a simple "two mile" span suspension bridge were suggested. This paper gives a survey of the present state of knowledge with special reference to the technical problems connected with the single span solutions, where aeroelastic stability governs the design of the deck and the cables. On the other hand the 380 m towers are themselves a problem in a heavily seismic area. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Cable stayed bridges KW - Cables KW - Construction management KW - Currents KW - Earthquakes KW - Faults KW - Italy KW - Long span bridges KW - Messina (Italy) KW - Properties of materials KW - Soil characteristics KW - Soils KW - Structural design KW - Submarine tunneling KW - Suspension bridges KW - Tunneling KW - Underwater construction KW - Velocity KW - Wind KW - Wind velocity UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80056 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183796 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Brameld, Gerald H TI - SEGMENTAL AND STAGE CONSTRUCTION OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BOX GIRDER BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 192-199 AB - Prestressed Concrete Bridges of uniform or near uniform cross-section are admirably suited to construction by precasting segments and post-tensioning. This form of construction, however, introduces additional design and construction problems--problems of carrying flexure, shear and torsion across joints--the most suitable type of joint,--problems introduced by superelevation and constructional tolerances. As the length of the structure increases, the effective prestress is reduced markedly until it is no longer economical to stress in one operation. The method of stage stressing will overcome these problems, however more complex analysis and design is required. Solutions to these problems are discussed with particular reference to several large prestressed concrete box girder bridges recently constructed in Australia. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Box girders KW - Construction management KW - Cross sections KW - Joint KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Segmentation KW - Superelevation KW - Tolerances KW - Tolerances (Engineering) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80063 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183803 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Greneker, Eugene F AU - Eaves, Jerry L AU - McGee, Melvin C TI - CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN EARLY WARNING VESSEL/BRIDGE COLLISION SYSTEM SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 258-260 AB - Highway and railway bridges spanning navigable waterways face the real possibility of being accidentally struck by large ocean-going vessels or large barge trains. In many cases, these accidents can result in serious damage to the bridges, blockage of the waterways, economic losses to communities served by the bridges and waterways, and loss of property and life. Two basic types of systems might be used to help prevent ships from striking bridge supports. The fender system is sometimes deployed around vulnerable bridge supports, but this approach is not always practical nor cost effective. An electronic warning system is a viable alternative or complement to the fender system. The electronic system could continuously monitor the ship's position relative to a safe corridor for passage under the bridge and issue an immediate warning of any deviation from a safe-passage course. The system could also issue warnings to the bridge tender and people on the bridge when a collision is determined to be unavoidable. An advanced design concept of such a system was developed by the Georgia Institute of Technology Engineering Experiment Station (GIT/EES) during a recent study. The study uses a shore-based radar and shore-based display as the most practical concept for an electronic collision avoidance/warning system. The radar would determine the ship's position, and the displays would inform the ship's pilot of the ship's position relative to a safe-passage corridor. The system would continuously assess the potential for collision during the various stages of the ship's passage. Ship speed and trajectory would be monitored as the ship approached the bridge; this information could be displayed for use by the ship crew in navigating the channel. When the ship approached closer to the bridge and entered a critical maneuver zone, the system would continue displaying the ship position while performing trajectory calculations to determine the possibility of a collision with the bridge. Should the system determine that a collision is possible (given the ship's handling characteristics and position in the channel, tide and wind conditions, and distance from the bridge), an alarm would be sounded to alert the ship crew, the bridge tender, and those on the bridge. Safety systems such as gates could be activated to keep additional traffic off the endangered bridge span. Although the design concept was developed for the protection of highway bridges, it could be easily adapted for the protection of railway bridges. U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Audible warnings KW - Barge operations KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Crashes KW - Detectors KW - Displays KW - Electronics KW - Information display systems KW - Inland waterways KW - Maneuverability KW - Navigation KW - Radar KW - Safety KW - Ships KW - Structural design KW - Warning devices KW - Warning systems KW - Waterways KW - Waterways (Transportation) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80070 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183774 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Csagoly, P AU - Dorton, R A TI - THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ONTARIO HIGHWAY BRIDGE DESIGN CODE SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 1-12 AB - At the end of 1975, the Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications decided to develop a Code for designing Ontario's highway bridges. Structural research in the Ministry, which began in 1969, has been successful in clarifying several aspects of structural behavior and load-carrying capacity. The activities concentrated on proof-testing existing bridges of questionable strength, inspecting and recording a large number of structures for various common faults; many the result of inadequate design practices. The resulting Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code is based on the existing AASHTO Specifications, but with most provisions for working stress design eliminated. For both serviceability and ultimate limit states, an upper-bound representation of all commercial vehicles observed in Ontario through various load surveys is employed. The use of deflection and stiffness criteria has been re-evaluated for each structural material. Impact and dynamic response is treated as a function of resonance frequencies. While introducing provisions for 0.3% deck reinforcement, crack control is made mandatory. The Code will discourage the use of single load path structures. New provisions on hydrology, drainage and various dimensional requirements are intended to achieve low maintenance structures. New sections are devoted to nontraditional analysis, soil-steel structures and the evaluation of existing bridges. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Breaking loads KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Coding systems KW - Deflection KW - Drainage KW - Highway bridges KW - Hydrology KW - Loads KW - Serviceability KW - Specifications KW - Stiffness KW - Structural design KW - Structural engineering UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80041 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183775 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Rabbat, B G AU - Kaar, P H AU - Russell, H G AU - Bruce, R N TI - FATIGUE TESTS OF PRESTRESSED GIRDERS WITH BLANKETED AND DRAPED STRANDS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 13-21 AB - In pretensioned girders, draping of strands can be avoided by using straight tendons having unbonded "blanketed" lengths at the ends of girders. An experimental investigation was carried out to determine the effect of repetitive loading on the behavior and strength of girders with draped and blanketed strands. Six full-size Type II AASHTO-PCI girders were tested. Two girders contained draped strands. The other girders had straight strands with four tendons blanketed at each end. The effects of load level, development length, and confining ties were investigated. The test program called for 5-million cycles of loading followed by a static test to destruction. The paper presents results of the investigation and shows that blanketed strands can be used successfully if adequate strand development length is provided. Fatigue fracture of strands was observed in pre-cracked beams where load level produced tensile stress in the precompressed concrete. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Accelerated tests KW - Beams KW - Behavior KW - Concrete bridges KW - Fatigue (Physiological condition) KW - Fatigue tests KW - Girder bridges KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Prestressing KW - Repeated loads KW - Strands KW - Strength of materials KW - Tendons KW - Tensile stress KW - Tension UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80042 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183792 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Suruga, Toshikazu AU - Kushida, Kenichi AU - Maeda, Yukio TI - APPLICATION OF PREFABRICATED HOLLOW STEEL DECKS TO BRIDGE CONSTRUCTIONS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 155-163 AB - At the 10th Congress of International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering in Tokyo, in 1976, the authors introduced a prefabricated hollow steel deck as a floor system for long-span suspension bridges. In this paper, they are proposing the application of this new deck to the main structure of smaller bridges. This deck has been used in bridges and floor systems in Japan. Here, the authors discuss the structural features and fabrication of this deck and present examples of its application to bridge construction. They also discuss the problems of design and construction of bridges using this deck, the methods of solving these problems, and the experimental studies conducted on the deck. This hollow steel deck is a prefabricated slab structure made up of two face plates with evenly-spaced core plates arranged diagonally between them. Tests have shown that this deck improves a bridge's lateral and torsional rigidity as well as its shearing resistance and fatigue strength. In that this deck is a prefabricated structure, its application facilitates bridge construction. Furthermore, the total thickness of the bridge structure can be reduced, thus improving its aesthetic appearance. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Construction management KW - Fatigue strength KW - Hollow slab KW - Prefabricated structures KW - Shear strength KW - Steel KW - Stiffness KW - Structural design KW - Suspension bridges UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80059 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183793 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Reed, Robert L TI - APPLICATION AND DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED DECK PANELS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 164-171 AB - The purpose of this paper is to review the development of precast prestressed concrete panels as permanent structurally interacting forms in the construction of reinforced concrete decks for stringer type bridges. This system was used on the Illinois Toll Highway in 1957. In 1963 Texas constructed three bridges in this manner. Many bridges have been subsequently completed using this slab construction technique. Precast prestressed concrete panels are placed to form a deck between adjacent stringers. A mat of reinforcing steel is placed and concrete is cast-in-place on top of the panels. The panels support the weight of the wet concrete and then act compositely with it to resist subsequent live loads. Design of the panel deck system is explained and several aspects of fabrication and construction are reviewed. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Construction management KW - Live loads KW - Precast concrete KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Slabs KW - Stringers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80060 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183773 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hulsey, J Leroy AU - Emanuel, Jack H TI - ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES IN FLEXIBLY SUPPORTED BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 262-270 AB - At present, no rational design method is available to account for movements and stresses in composite-girder bridges supported by flexible stub abutments. Because flexible stub abutments are frequently used, the objectives of this study were to: 1) develop a method for calculating environmentally induced movements and stresses and 2) compare the magnitude of these stresses induced in three types of construction for a 11-26-26-11-m (35-86-86-35 -ft) four span six stringer composite-girder highway bridge located in mid-Missouri. Three types of support connections were investigated; 1) frictionless bearings, 2) non-integral end bents, and 3) integral end bents. Twenty years of recorded weather data were used for selection of upper and lower bound environmental loadings. Using these loadings as boundary conditions to the general heat flow equation, a finite element method was used to calculate resultant temperature distributions within a typical interior girder. These temperature distributions were then used as input to a slab-beam type element for calculation of the thermally induced stresses within the girder. Restraints imposed by the substructure, i.e. the bridge piers and earth embankments were modeled by linear springs. The results show that thermally induced stresses are significant for all three types of construction. Maximum beam stresse for the three supports were approximately 35%, 35%, and 52% of the allowable for frictionless bearings, non-integral abutments, integral abutments, respectively. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Abutments KW - Bearings KW - Bents KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge substructures KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Bridges KW - Composite girders KW - Composite materials KW - Finite element method KW - Flexibility KW - Girders KW - Motion KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Temperature UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-034.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=ENVIRONMENTAL+STRESSES+IN+FLEXIBLY+SUPPORTED+BRIDGES&author=J.+Hulsey&author=J.+Emanuel&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80040 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183780 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Pama, Ricardo P AU - Nimityongskul, Pichai AU - Pribadi, Daniel Z AU - Lee, Seng-Lip TI - MODEL STUDIES OF DOUBLE-CELL BOX GIRDER BRIDGE WITH INTERMEDIATE DIAPHRAGMS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 53-64 AB - An experimental study on the influence of intermediate cross-bracing diaphragms on the behavior of a simply supported double-cell box girder bridge has been carried out. A perspex model was tested under various loading conditions and the test results, namely the displacements, cross-sectional distortion, longitudinal and transverse normal forces were compared with theoretical values suggested by Nimityongskul, Pama and Lee. In this analysis, the elements in the box section are treated as rectangular plates subjected to lateral and in-plane boundary forces. The end diaphragms are assumed to be infinitely rigid in and flexible normal to their planes. The intermediate diaphragm is assumed to act in such a way that it exerts only concentrated vertical and horizontal reactions on the joints of the box section without introducing resisting moments against joint rotations. Test results indicated that the distortion of the cross-section of a box girder without intermediate diaphragm is more prominent when loaded along the side-joints. With one intermediate diaphragm the distortion at the loaded section remains practically the same when the diaphragm is sufficiently away from the applied loads, but is considerably reduced when the diaphragm is near the load. The use of intermediate diaphragm decreases effectively the cross-sectional distortion, increases the overall stiffness of the bridge and redistributes the longitudinal normal forces. In general, the experimental values confirm the theoretical predictions on the influence of intermediate diaphragms on the load distribution in a double-cell box girder bridge. Careful considerations must be taken in designing these intermediate cross-bracing diaphragms to satisfy the assumptions made in the theory. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Box girders KW - Bracing KW - Bridge stresses KW - Bridges KW - Concrete bridges KW - Cross bracing KW - Cross sections KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Distortion KW - Distortion (Structures) KW - Girder bridges KW - Joint KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Loads KW - Longitudinal KW - Model tests KW - Stiffness KW - Stresses KW - Tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80047 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183787 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Bosch, Harold R AU - Cayes, Lloyd R TI - AERODYNAMIC STABILITY OF TWO CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 112-120 AB - The trend in long-span bridge development has been toward increased spans and flexibility and decreased dead weight and damping through use of higher strength materials, refinements in design procedures, and modern fabrication techniques. In some cases, this makes the structure, especially cable-stayed and suspension bridges, sensitive to wind-induced oscillations. Three types of vibrations, namely flexural, torsional (or coupling of the two), and flutter, should be investigated in the design. There is presently no purely analytical or theoretical procedure for the investigation of any of these types of oscillations. Aerodynamic stability information must be obtained from field observations or wind tunnel testing of models. Cable-stayed bridge concepts are receiving popularity in this country. Current cable-stayed designs are subject to the same fundamental wind excitation as the classical suspension bridge; however, the inherent increase in stiffness of the cable-stay box-girder does place it in a different realm of response. With this in mind, several wind tunnel aerodynamic studies have been conducted and recently completed. This paper discusses the results of two such studies. Information is presented regarding vortex shedding response amplitude and acceleration, critical flutter velocity, flutter derivatives, and static force coefficients. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Aerodynamics KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Bridges KW - Cable stayed bridges KW - Damping (Physics) KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Static tests KW - Strength of materials KW - Structural design KW - Suspension bridges KW - Velocity KW - Vibration KW - Wind KW - Wind velocity UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80054 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183798 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Rausche, Frank AU - Goble, G G TI - A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE WAVE EQUATION SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 209-213 AB - A recent research project sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration produced a new wave equation computer program for the analysis of pile driving (WEAP). While the primary purpose of developing this program was to provide a better model for diesel hammers a number of other improvements were included and an extensive correlation study with dynamic measurements was made. This study together with the authors' extensive field experience pointed out several conditions where wave equation predictions will be inaccurate and unreliable. In this paper the capabilities of the WEAP program will be compared with other commonly used programs. The various factors which can influence the accuracy of a wave equation analysis are considered, evaluated and discussed. The specific topics included are: pile model, soil model, hammer model, and static soil analysis. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Chemical analysis KW - Computer programs KW - Dynamic tests KW - Forecasting KW - Hammers KW - Pile driving KW - Properties of materials KW - Soil analysis KW - Soil chemistry KW - Soil properties KW - Soils KW - Wave equation formula KW - Wave equations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80065 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183805 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Bronstad, M E AU - Michie, J D TI - MULTIPLE SERVICE LEVEL BRIDGE RAILINGS--PERFORMANCE AND DESIGN CRITERIA SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 245-254 AB - The current AASTHO Specification provides designers with static design criteria and/or crash test criteria to qualify a bridge railing system. Accordingly, a bridge railing system meeting the AASHTO specifications is used on any bridge regardless of vehicle mix, traffic volume, and speed and bridge geometry. The Multiple Service Levels Approach (MSLA) procedure for selecting bridge railings is a new approach differing markedly from traditional practice. The objective of the MSLA is to provide a level of motorist protection consistent with the degree of traffic hazards present at a highway site. With the MSLA, the degree of risk is the combined measurement of the probability of an impact occurrence, the probability of collision severity and the consequences of that impact occurrence. Accordingly, the procedures described in this paper consider encroachment rates, traffic volume, vehicle mix, category speed, shoulder widths, and horizontal alignment as these factors relate to probability of an impact occurring and the severity probability of the impacts. Using a collision severity index as an indicator of bridge railing performance requirements, six service levels were established. By setting critical impacts corresponding to a uniform probability factor, service level requirements are determined for a site. Thus, using the MSLA procedures, a designer selects a higher service level device at locations where collisions are numerous and severe; and lower service level devices are indicated for the relatively safe or improbable accident locations. Since the higher service devices are generally more costly to construct, highway safety funds can be more wisely expended by selecting the service level appropriate for each location. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Alignment KW - Bridge railings KW - Crash rates KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Highway safety KW - Level of service KW - Motor vehicle accidents KW - Motor vehicles KW - Road shoulders KW - Shoulder stabilization KW - Soil stabilization KW - Specifications KW - Speed KW - Traffic crashes KW - Traffic speed KW - Traffic volume UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80072 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183776 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Longinow, A AU - Robinson, R R AU - Podolny, W AU - Chu, K H AU - Albert, D S TI - PRACTICAL BRIDGE RETROFIT CONCEPTS TO REDUCE DAMAGE PRODUCED BY SEISMIC MOTIONS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 22-30 AB - This paper presents design criteria and design details on eight bridge retrofit concepts which were developed for implementation on existing highway bridges so as to minimize damage and hazard to life in the event of an earthquake. Retrofit categories were selected on the basis of observed damage experienced by highway bridges in previous earthquakes. The eight retrofit concepts are: Concrete box girder hinge longitudinal restrainer. Girder longitudinal displacement stopper at abutment. Steel girder vertical displacement restrainer. Steel girder hinge expansion joint longitudinal restrainer. Pier footing strengthening. Reinforced concrete bent column strengthening. Girder bearing area widening. Steel girder pin bearing vertical and lateral displacement restrainer. This narrative describes the bridge retrofit process and illustrates the individual concepts in terms of intended function and structural details. The design method employed is illustrated by including the step by step design of one of the eight retrofit concepts. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Box girders KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Expansion joints KW - Footings KW - Loss and damage KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Retrofitting KW - Seismology KW - Structural design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80043 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183777 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Degenkolb, Oris H TI - INCREASING THE SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF EXISTING HIGHWAY BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 31-36 AB - Prior to the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake, bridges in California experienced only minor seismic related damage. The San Fernando event demonstrated that structures designed by AASHTO Specifications in use at that time are vulnerable to seismic shaking. Failure of these bridges during an earthquake could be hazardous to highway users and block vital transportation life-lines. The State of California initiated a bridge retrofitting program in 1971 in order to increase the seismic resistance of bridges built before that time. The most prevalent deficiency of pre-1971 bridges is a lack of longitudinal restraint of girders at hinges and end supports. California has developed devices which will have been used to retrofit more than 649 bridges at a cost of $22 million by 1980. An evaluation of all state owned bridges is currently being made in order to complete the program. Many of the bridge columns which were designed according to specifications prior to 1971 were proven to be seismically deficient because they had too few ties to adequately confine the concrete. This paper and presentation will cover a brief background, philosophy, magnitude of the problem, design criteria, details and costs. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Concrete bridges KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Earthquake resistant design KW - Earthquake resistant structures KW - Earthquakes KW - Highway bridges KW - Hinges KW - Railroad ties KW - Reconstruction KW - Retrofitting KW - Seismology KW - Specifications KW - Structural design KW - Travelers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80044 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183790 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Knudsen, C V AU - Cain, J F TI - THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW RIVER GORGE BRIDGE SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 140-145 AB - The world's longest steel arch bridge, spanning the New River Gorge in West Virginia, was opened to traffic on October 22, 1977. The overall length of the structure is 923.6 m (3,030 feet), with the main arch spanning a distance of 518.2 m (1,700 feet). During the preliminary design stages, various bridge types were considered. The final decision to build a steel arch was based on a combination of cost and aesthetic considerations. By using a high-strength, corrosion-resistant steel, the weight of the structure was kept to a minimum with the added benefit of maintenance-free steelwork blending with the surrounding rugged terrain. Surface conditions in the coal mining region presented problems during foundation design. Special methods were employed to provide for subsurface stabilization where support bents were located in the proximity of mined-out areas. The computer was a major tool in both the design and erection of the bridge. The computer made it possible to determine the most economical configuration for the main arch, and it was used to study many complicated loading and erecting conditions. Erection of the steelwork presented a tremendous challenge. The height of the structure, 267 m (876 feet) above the river, and the heavy member weights dictated the use of a twin 1,067-m (3,500-foot)-cableway system. Construction of the arch across the gorge proceeded from both sides simultaneously utilizing the unique tieback system to support the cantilevered arch truss halves. The 34-million-dollar structure will be a major link in West Virginia's Appalachian Corridor "L" Expressway System. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Arch bridges KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Bridges KW - Construction management KW - Corrosion resistance KW - Foundations KW - Information processing KW - Metal bridges KW - New River Gorge Bridge KW - Soil stabilization KW - Stabilization KW - Steel bridges KW - Structural design KW - West Virginia UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80057 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183791 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Buckland, Peter G AU - McBryde, John P AU - Navin, Francis P D AU - Zidek, James V TI - TRAFFIC LOADING OF LONG SPAN BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 146-154 AB - To estimate the traffic loading on long span bridges two independent statistical techniques were developed. One was purely analytical, the other used a computer to generate random "traffic" and calculate the maximum load on the bridge. The two methods gave remarkably similar results. Further research produced not only maximum loads, but also maximum moments and shears. From this work the following results emerge: With a knowledge of the average mix of traffic, a design loading can be estimated with a good degree of confidence using the techniques developed. The loading can be accurately represented by a uniform load and a concentrated load in the traditional manner. Unlike the AASHO loading, one set of uniform and concentrated loads can be used to represent both maximum moment and maximum shear. As expected, the uniform load per foot reduces as the loaded length is increased. Unlike AASHO and previous assumptions, it is found that the concentrated load increases as the loaded length increases. When several lanes are loaded simultaneously they do not, as suggested by AASHTO, all carry the same load. A simple distribution formula has been found. These results have significant implications for the designers of long span bridges; and typical results have been produced for various types of traffic. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Estimates KW - Long span bridges KW - Moments KW - Moments (Mechanics) KW - Shear strength KW - Structural design KW - Traffic loads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80058 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183794 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Tang, Man-Chung TI - RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES IN CONCRETE BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 172-181 AB - It is intended to report about various construction methods developed for concrete bridges. They can be briefly listed as follows: (1) Free Cantilevers, (2) Segmental on Sliding Form, (3) Spanwise Segmental, (4) Incremental Launching, (5) Stage Casting, (6) Cantilever on Falsework, (7) Cable-Stayed Cantilever, (8) Segmental with Gantry or Truss. Most of these methods have been employed in the United States for the first time within the last 5 years. Some are under construction right now. Depending on site conditions and requirements, combinations of these methods can be used. This paper will discuss the advantages as well as the design problems of these methods. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Cable stayed bridges KW - Cantilevers KW - Casting KW - Concrete bridges KW - Construction management KW - Falsework KW - Gantry KW - Segmentation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80061 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183768 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Agarwal, A C AU - Csagoly, P TI - EVALUATION AND POSTING OF BRIDGES IN ONTARIO SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 221-229 AB - The present system of posting substandard bridges in Ontario with a single load limit serves only as a vague warning to a driver that the bridge is somewhat deficient. Truck drivers generally disregard the posting sign, because they know they can carry heavier loads across without causing any apparent damage to the bridge. The quantitative definition of the posted value is based upon a design load reflecting vehicles in common use three decades ago, and herein lies the problem. Diverse modern traffic cannot be effectively represented by any single value posting which is generally too restrictive on short span bridges, especially for the long vehicles. Specified loads for the purpose of bridge design can be determined through statistically based load surveys to a significant degree of reliability. The procedure employs the concept of the "Equivalent Base Length" to transform actual vehicles into uniformly distributed loads for mathematic manipulations leading to a single truck model which efficiently represents the wide variation in vehicle types. This report describes the development of live loads and a new triple posting system. Both have been adopted as the basis of capacity rating of existing bridges in the new Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code. The system employs the philosophy of ultimate limit states in evaluation of three levels of posting using an appropriate loading model for each level. Adjustments to the calculated load-carrying capacity are made to account for the operational overloads beyond legal limits, inherent to human nature, and the unusual distribution of loads on various axles in a partially loaded vehicle. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Axle loads KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Live loads KW - Load limits KW - Mathematical models KW - Ontario (Province) KW - Oversize loads KW - Overweight loads KW - Structural design KW - Trucks KW - Trucks by weight KW - Warning signs KW - Weight UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-029.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=EVALUATION+AND+POSTING+OF+BRIDGES+IN+ONTARIO&author=A.+Agarwal&author=P.+Csagoly&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80035 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183783 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Holowka, Michael TI - ANALYSIS AND TESTING OF A TRAPEZOIDAL BOX GIRDER BRIDGE SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 81-89 AB - Bridge construction using open steel box girders and a concrete deck slab acting composite is aesthetically pleasing and ideally suited for grade separations and river crossings for spans varying between 21 m and 110 m (70 ft. and 360 ft.). Current design specifications for this construction, however, are considered to be incomplete and do not provide sufficient guidance during construction. In a number of cases, due to lack of bracings and/or diaphragms, excessive displacements have occurred during construction. To clarify this problem, a typical, single span, 2-lane bridge was extensively instrumented and tested. The purposes of the testing program was to investigate the behaviour of a torsionally stiff bridge during and after construction and to compare the experimental data with analytical results. The concrete deck, which was constructed with 0.3% isotropic reinforcement to comply with the AASHTO Specifications, was also monitored. Test data consisted of structural and reinforcing steel strains, deflections, reactions for construction, and live load and temperature effects. The experimental deck was constructed in two stages. A preliminary review of the data indicated that, for this bridge geometry, construction effects were within the predicted values as no excessive deflections or strains were observed. The concrete deck with the dramatically reduced reinforcement was adequate for modern highway traffic provided sufficient diaphragms were present. The overall structural behaviour can be accurately predicted by analysis and, with diaphragms present, can be analyzed by beam theory and proper load distribution factors. U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Box girders KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Bridges KW - Concrete bridges KW - Deflection KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Instrumentation KW - Live loads KW - Specifications KW - Strain (Mechanics) KW - Strains KW - Structural design KW - Trapezoidal girders UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80050 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183785 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - McCormick, Fred C TI - LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES OF A PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE COMPOSED OF GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 99-107 AB - The design, fabrication, and load-testing procedures are described for girders composed entirely of glass-reinforced polyester (GRP) resin. The girders are 4.9 m (16 ft.) long and have geometric features which include trussed webs, a solid flange plate, and a triangular-shaped cross section. Three of the girders were attached laterally by a GRP cover plate in the laboratory to provide a complete superstructure for a pedestrian bridge 4.9 x 2.1 m (16 x 7 ft.). The lightweight, high strength, and formability of the GRP materials permitted fabrication and handling of both the components and the completely assembled structure without the use of heavy equipment. The weight of the GRP superstructure was approximately 360 kg (800 lb.). Laboratory tests were conducted to ascertain the load transfer characteristics at the GRP plate and concrete deck interface. Live load tests were performed to measure strains, deflections, and the creep behavior of a full-scale girder exposed to prevailing climactic conditions. Comparisons of theoretical and experimental results ranged from nearly zero up to 20% in which the experimental results were usually lower than the predicted values for deflections and strains. The bridge is scheduled for field erection in 1978 and observations will be made for five years to monitor its structural behavior, the effects of weathering, and user abuse. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Creep KW - Deflection KW - Field studies KW - Girder bridges KW - Glass KW - Laboratory studies KW - Pedestrians KW - Plastics KW - Strain (Mechanics) KW - Strain rate KW - Structural design KW - Webbing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80052 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183802 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Herr, Lester A TI - REDUCING THE RISK OF CATASTROPHIC BRIDGE FAILURES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - p. 255-257 AB - The public and engineers alike have become accustomed to the use of a factor of safety to prevent failures. Unfortunately, such factors do not prevent catastrophic failures because of rare or unusual events or circumstances. Such failures could be caused by large floods, earthquakes, poor workmanship, inferior materials, errant sea vessels or insufficient knowledge on which to make design judgments. This paper presents a philosophy, and briefly describes methods, for reducing the risk of catastrophic bridge failures. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge construction KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge maintenance KW - Bridges KW - Construction KW - Construction management KW - Earthquakes KW - Failure KW - Failure analysis KW - Floods KW - Maintenance KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Risk analysis KW - Safety KW - Structural design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80069 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183770 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Goodpasture, David W TI - UTILIZATION OF STRESS HISTORY DATA IN BRIDGE DESIGN SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 239-245 AB - A method for checking the adequacy of steel stringer highway bridges for fatigue is presented. Truck types and weights are utilized with stress analyses to predict the fatigue life of bridges. The distributions of truck weights, axle weights and truck types were based on recent field measurements. A simplified method of establishing stress ranges due to typical trucks is summarized and an example is presented. However, any method may be used to obtain the stress ranges and the procedure outlined in the paper may be used. The method may be used in design or in checking existing bridges. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Axle loads KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge stresses KW - Bridges KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue life KW - Girder bridges KW - Highway bridges KW - Metal bridges KW - Service life KW - Steel bridges KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Trucks KW - Trucks by weight KW - Weight UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-031.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=UTILIZATION+OF+STRESS+HISTORY+DATA+IN+BRIDGE+DESIGN&author=D.+Goodpasture&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80037 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183772 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Carskaddan, Phillip S AU - Haaijer, Geerhard TI - BRIDGE DESIGN BY THE AUTOSTRESS METHOD SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 255-261 AB - The Autostress method has been evolving as an extension to the AASHTO Load-Factor method for rolled-beam and plate-girder steel highway bridges. The Autostress method uses the same three load levels as the Load-Factor method: Service load, Overload, and Maximum Load. However, to satisfy the structural performance requirements, the Autostress method injects two new concepts into bridge design: mechanism formation at Maximum Load and shakedown at Overload. When a structure forms a mechanism, there are sufficient plastic hinges to cause failure. When a structure shakes down, residual stresses and residual moments are automatically developed and assure elastic behavior under subsequent loading--hence the term Autostress. Although results of both methods for a simple span are the same, the Autostress method provides economies in continuous-span bridges; it utilizes the same safety factor against mechanism formation in both simple-span and continuous-span bridges. As part of an AISI-sponsored project, nine Load-Factor bridges were redesigned according to the Autostress method; the average cost saving was 10.7 percent. The objective of the AISI project is to suggest that the Autostress method be incorporated into the AASHTO specification after experimental verification. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Beams KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge spans KW - Bridge superstructures KW - Bridges KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Failure KW - Girder bridges KW - Load factor KW - Metal bridges KW - Overloads KW - Oversize loads KW - Plate girders KW - Rolled beam KW - Specifications KW - Steel bridges KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Structural design UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-033.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=BRIDGE+DESIGN+BY+THE+AUTOSTRESS+METHOD&author=P.+Carskaddan&author=G.+Haaijer&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80039 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183779 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Libby, James R AU - Krishnamoorthy, G AU - Revels, John TI - WEB STRESSES IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE BEAMS HAVING DISCONTINUOUS TENDONS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 45-52 AB - Prestressed concrete bridge girders are sometimes designed with prestressing tendons that terminate within the span rather than at the ends of the girders or at their supports. Tendons of this type are normally significantly inclined at their anchorages due to the clearances required for construction because of the inclination of the tendons at their anchorages. Significant vertical components of prestressing are imposed on the girder. The AASHTO Specifications for Highway Bridges and the Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318-71) do not specify specific methods of analysis for this condition. A finite element analysis of an actual bridge girder was made to determine the conditions of stress in the vicinity of intermediate anchorages. The results of this analysis were compared to those obtained with a principal tensile stress analysis using methods normally employed by bridge designers. It was found both methods of analysis predicted principal tensile stresses of similar magnitude and orientation. The predicted locations of the greatest principal tensile stresses were different for the two methods of analysis. The fact that the greatest principal tensile stresses occur on planes approximately parallel to the paths of some of the post-tensioning ducts is demonstrated. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Anchors KW - Beams KW - Bridge design KW - Bridge stresses KW - Bridges KW - Finite element method KW - Finite elements KW - Girder bridges KW - Posttensioning KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Prestressing KW - Specifications KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Structural design KW - Tendons KW - Tensile stress KW - Tension KW - Webbing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80046 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183781 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - TILLY, G P TI - DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF BRIDGES SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 65-72 AB - Bridges can be excited by the action of wind, vehicles, or pedestrians. Whereas there are well developed methods to calculate dynamic behaviour, there have been comparatively few correlations with full scale measurements. The Transport and Road Research Laboratory has therefore undertaken a programme of research to measure the response of selected bridges to such loading. The work has also included tests in which the bridges were excited by an energy input device and damping values were measured from free decays. Response to wind has been measured for two steel box girder bridges having orthotropic decks. Automatic self-switching equipment was used to record bridge acceleration, wind speed and direction, when wind speeds exceed a threshold level. Response to traffic has been measured for a multi-span steel box girder viaduct having a concrete deck. Response to pedestrians has been measured for a variety of types of footbridge. Measured values of bridge response are compared with calculated values using procedures recommended in the new British Design Standard. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Box girders KW - Bridge decks KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Footbridges KW - Loads KW - Metal bridges KW - Orthotropic KW - Pedestrians KW - Steel bridges KW - Vehicles KW - Wind UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80048 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183804 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Tokerud, Roy TI - ECONOMICAL STRUCTURES FOR LOW-VOLUME ROADS SN - 0309026970 PY - 1978 IS - 665 SP - pp 214-221 AB - Sharp increases in prices and a concurrent decline in highway revenues have forced a re-evaluation of highway projects. Most seriously affected are the old bridges since, unlike the rest of the highway, their life cannot be indefinitely extended by maintenance. A national bridge survey reveals that 105,000 bridges in the U.S. are structurally deficient and/or functionally obsolete and 72,000 of these are on roads that are not on the federal-aid system. The needs on our low-volume roadway system far exceed program funds available. The potential economies suggested in this paper will hopefully lead to better utilization of the funds available. This paper investigates the economics of low-volume structures. It discusses the most economical bridge types being constructed in the Northwest. Although, not primarily addressed to the hydraulics involved in stream crossings, the paper discusses some of the hydraulic considerations that should be made. Attention is directed to actual practice of agencies constructing bridges on low-volume roads. The three principal structural materials of concrete, timber, and steel are discussed. Certain structural details are suggested for economy, as well as structural types. The comments and recommendations contained in this paper are based on a survey made in the Northwestern United States. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Concrete KW - Construction management KW - Economics KW - Hydraulics KW - Low volume roads KW - Maintenance KW - Revenues KW - Steel KW - Structural design KW - Timber KW - Transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80071 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183745 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Koretzky, Heinz P TI - WHAT HAS BEEN LEARNED FROM THE FIRST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGES--REPAIR OF SUCH BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 37-46 AB - Engineers often wonder to what extent prototype structures have lived up to their expectations. As examples, old construction of the Walnut Lane Bridge, Amdeck section, and one other structure which showed signs of distress over the years will be illustrated. The speaker will discuss the apparent background and reasons for such a distress plus the improvements which may be made to make such effects less severe. Also, methods of repair and what has been learned from these old designs will be described. The lecture is supported with many color slides and viewgraphs which depict old construction details and the increasing severity of distress. Accidental damages caused by vehicles on three different types of prestressed bridge superstructures are also illustrated. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge repairs KW - Bridges KW - Concrete bridges KW - Distress KW - Epoxy resins KW - Loss and damage KW - Prestressed concrete KW - Prestressed concrete bridges KW - Prototypes KW - Repairing KW - Repairs KW - Superstructures UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-006.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=WHAT+HAS+BEEN+LEARNED+FROM+THE+FIRST+PRESTRESSED+CONCRETE+BRIDGES--REPAIR+OF+SUCH+BRIDGES&author=H.+Koretzky&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80012 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183747 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Soto, M H TI - SOME CONSIDERATIONS IN WIDENING AND REHABILITATION OF BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 56-63 AB - Bridge rehabilitation, whether required for repairs, strengthening, or widening, requires an insight into unique structural problems. These problems are compounded if modifications must be accomplished while maintaining traffic and if modifications alter the structural characteristics of the existing structure. This paper deals with solutions employed on two widening and rehabilitation projects. Widening the Hackensack River Bridge on the New Jersey Turnpike required integrating the superstructure with the existing superstructure. Techniques of jacking the widening main members against the existing system, inducing compatible cambers and ensuring proper load distribution, are described. This paper describes foundation additions to main river piers which were integrated by temporarily leaving a gap between the foundations. This permitted elastic shortening of new piles under pier dead load, and prevented overloading the existing piles. A classic example of fatigue failure is illustrated. Welding of fills caused a geometrical notch at the toe of welds, producing a crack through the main members of brackets and floorbeams. Widening the I-83 bridge over the Susquehanna River in Harrisburg required an inspection which revealed rivet failures at bracket tie plates. These failures appear to correlate with findings by researchers at Lehigh University (1). Unfastening the bracket tie plates from the main girders is discussed as well as other design considerations resulting from unfastening tie plates near the girder supports. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Curvature KW - Driver rehabilitation KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Foundations KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Load transfer KW - Pavement widening KW - Piles (Supports) KW - Rehabilitation KW - Structures KW - Superstructures KW - Widening UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-008.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=SOME+CONSIDERATIONS+IN+WIDENING+AND+REHABILITATION+OF+BRIDGES&author=M.+Soto&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80014 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183749 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Taylor, Peter R TI - RENOVATION OF LIONS' GATE BRIDGE NORTH VIADUCT SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 77-79 AB - This paper is concerned with the deck replacement of the 670 m (2200 ft) long approach viaduct to Lions' Gate Suspension Bridge in Vancouver, Canada, which was carried out during night closures without affecting peak daytime commuter traffic flows. The structure was built in 1938 and comprised a series of steel plate girder spans supported on steel bents and with a 0.18 m (7 in.) reinforced concrete deck without wearing surface. Under the cumulative effects of road salt and traffic for 35 years, the deck was cracked through in places and the rebar was heavily corroded, resulting in surface spalling and potholes. The support steel had suffered some section loss from corrosion and also corrosion buckling in thin cover plates over long rivet spacings. A solution was required with would reduce the load in the support steel, cut down the corrosion rate, permit wider lanes and a wearing surface, all under the constraint of maintaining the bridge open for daily commuter traffic. This paper discusses the unusual design concepts adopted to satisfy these requirements and explains how they were realized in practice by careful attention to detail in every aspect of the job. Methods used to alert the bridge users to closures and estimated opening times are discussed together with emergency plans in the event of failure to complete a section on time. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Buckling KW - Construction management KW - Corrosion KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Maintenance KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Repairing KW - Repairs KW - Suspension bridges KW - Traffic flow KW - Vancouver (Canada) KW - Viaducts KW - Wearing course (Pavements) UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-010.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=RENOVATION+OF+LIONS%27+GATE+BRIDGE+NORTH+VIADUCT&author=P.+Taylor&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80016 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183751 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hirt, Manfred A TI - FATIGUE CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF RAILROAD BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 86-92 AB - This paper describes a concept for the fatigue evaluation and design of railroad bridges. The primary objective is to account for the number of stress cycles per train, the corresponding stress ranges, and the total number of trains in the lifetime of the structure. Stress recordings from various structural elements of existing bridges were used as input for fatigue tests on beams. The test results are evaluated using the rainflow counting method and Miner's cumulative damage law. These results show good correspondence with constant amplitude test data. The assessment of traffic is based on theoretical traffic models and on measurements of axle loads and axle spacings. The fatigue effect of the traffic models is simulated by computer programs in terms of span length and compared to field measurements. It is shown that a correction factor may be applied to the design live load when used for fatigue considerations. In addition, the fatigue design concept is able to account for the total number of trains in the lifetime of the bridge . Also, a different safety factor may be applied for redundant and nonredundant load path structures. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Axle loads KW - Beams KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Data collection KW - Data recording KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue (Physiological condition) KW - Railroad bridges KW - Safety KW - Service life KW - Simulation KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Traffic density UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-012.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=FATIGUE+CONSIDERATIONS+FOR+THE+DESIGN+OF+RAILROAD+BRIDGES&author=M.+Hirt&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80018 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183766 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Kostem, Celal N TI - OVERLOADING OF HIGHWAY BRIDGES--INITIATION OF DECK DAMAGE SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 207-211 AB - Various surveys have indicated that highway bridges are subjected to vehicular load levels and combinations far in excess of those for which they were designed. The prediction of the effects of the overloading as well as the over-load permit operations do not reflect the sophistication scientific or technical fields have attained. The paper presents the findings of a parametric investigation employing Program BOVA (Bridge Overload Analysis), that encompasses 45 case studies. Five different commonly encountered overload vehicles and nine different bridge configurations are considered. The bridge superstructures are simple span beam-slab bridges with prestressed concrete I-beams and reinforced concrete deck, and having no skew. The results of the findings are presented in tabular form for the bridges and the overload vehicles. For given bridges and vehicles the gross vehicular weights, axle weights and "equivalent area loads" are defined that will induce cracking in the concrete that will reach the reinforcing bars. It has been found that if a small amount of damage to the bridge deck is permitted, the load levels which the superstructure can carry are usually in excess of the commonly reported permissible overload weights. Recommendations have been made for the use of the tabulated results in overload permit operations. It has been suggested that the findings can be applied to overload permit operations in the absence of reliable methods of predicting the overload response of bridges. It is also indicated that the suggested guidelines are useful for infrequent traverses of vehicles until the completion of research programs that will delineate the permissible and impermissible overloadings that will be based on limited damage criteria. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Axle loads KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Computer programs KW - Forecasting KW - Highway bridges KW - Load limits KW - Loss and damage KW - Oversize loads KW - Overweight loads KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Structural design KW - Superstructures UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-027.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=OVERLOADING+OF+HIGHWAY+BRIDGES--INITIATION+OF+DECK+DAMAGE&author=C.+Kostem&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80033 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183740 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Richards, B L TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPUTERISED BRIDGE INVENTORY FOR A STATE ROAD AUTHORITY SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 1-6 AB - The Highways Department of South Australia is currently developing a computerised bridge inventory system which will be used by the Bridge Inspection Section to rationalise the approach to the inspection of bridges. It will also be used by the Planning Branch to provide a basis for economic comparison of alternatives in the replacement and strengthening of bridges, by the Construction Branch for the rational allocation of maintenance funds and to provide information to the National Association of Australian State Road Authorities (NAASRA) proposed data bank. One of the most important functions of a bridge inventory is to provide a complete and accurate record of each bridge on a highway system. Maintenance of bridges requires complete records in usable form including history of the structure, all repairs, widening, strengthening or reconstruction, or other actions which have been taken, subsequent to inspections. Information should be easily accessible and readily updated; factors which today are made possible by computerisation. However, conflicting requirements must be dealt with. On the one hand data handling facilities should be large enough to provide sufficient information for managing inspection maintenance, but flexible enough to be used for planning functions both at the regional and national level; yet the system developed should not become cumbersome and difficult to use. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridges KW - Computer programs KW - Data collection KW - Databases KW - Economics KW - Information retrieval KW - Information storage and retrieval systems KW - Inspection KW - Inventory KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - Planning UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-001.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=DEVELOPMENT+OF+A+COMPUTERISED+BRIDGE+INVENTORY+FOR+A+STATE+ROAD+AUTHORITY&author=B.+Richards&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80007 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183741 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - White, Kenneth AU - Minor, John TI - THE NEW MEXICO BRIDGE INSPECTION PROGRAM SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 7-13 AB - The New Mexico bridge inspection program is reviewed for its uniqueness as well as the use of the resulting data. Annual training sessions and field work with college professors has kept the program viable and continuing. Close cooperation with the Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, has led to utilization of bridge capacity data developed within the program into a statewide overload routing and permit system. The system takes an overload wheel configuration and load distribution and computes an equivalent HS loading which is compared to the capacity of each bridge along a given route. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Authority KW - Bridge capacity KW - Bridge maintenance KW - Bridges KW - Computer programs KW - Districts and authorities KW - Field tests KW - Highway capacity KW - Inspection KW - Load transfer KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - New Mexico KW - Overloads KW - Oversize loads KW - Planning UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-002.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=THE+NEW+MEXICO+BRIDGE+INSPECTION+PROGRAM&author=K.+White&author=J.+Minor&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80008 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183759 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Batchelor, Barrington DeV AU - Hewitt, Brian E AU - Csagoly, P TI - AN INVESTIGATION OF THE FATIGUE STRENGTH OF DECK SLABS OF COMPOSITE STEEL/CONCRETE BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 153-161 AB - An investigation of the effects of repeated loads on slabs of steel/concrete composite bridges--the most common type in highway construction--was undertaken to supplement static studies conducted under the Ontario Joint Transportation and Communications Research Program No. Q50. The study which involved tests of a number of 1/8th scale direct models of a typical bridge, was aimed at determining endurance limits of the slabs under repeated concentrated loads. Main variables were stress range, and percentage and arrangement of reinforcement. Emphasis was focused on slabs with 0.2 percent top and bottom isotropic reinforcement, this being the amount recommended for use as a result of the static model testing phase of the program. The study showed that the deck slabs of conventionally designed steel/concrete bridges have large reserves of fatigue strength. An endurance limit of 50 percent of the ultimate capacity can be expected in such slabs. In the case of slabs with 0.2 percent isotropic reinforcement, an endurance limit of 40 percent of the ultimate static capacity can be safely adopted for design. These slabs have also performed adequately in static tests; and adoption of their use, where appropriate, would result in considerable reduction of reinforcement requirements in bridge decks. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Accelerated tests KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Concrete KW - Concrete bridges KW - Deck girder bridges KW - Fatigue (Physiological condition) KW - Fatigue strength KW - Girder bridges KW - Isotropy KW - Metal bridges KW - Reinforcement (Engineering) KW - Repeated loads KW - Slabs KW - Slenderness ratio KW - Steel KW - Steel bridges KW - Structural design KW - Thinness UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-020.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=AN+INVESTIGATION+OF+THE+FATIGUE+STRENGTH+OF+DECK+SLABS+OF+COMPOSITE+STEEL%2FCONCRETE+BRIDGES&author=B.+Batchelor&author=B.+Hewitt&author=P.+Csagoly&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80026 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183744 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Shirole, Arunprakash M AU - Hill, James J TI - SYSTEMS APPROACH TO BRIDGE STRUCTURE REPLACEMENT-PRIORITY PLANNING SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 32-36 AB - This paper presents a systems appreach to the bridge structure replacement-priority planning. Structural condition and functional adequacy; safety; essentiallity to traffic and other criteria for setting replacement priority are developed and evaluated. Budgetary, environmental, development, policy and other constraints on the replacement priority are identified and analyzed for their possible impact. A quantitative methodology is developed, based upon assignment of weights to the rates criteria and is illustrated step by step through a flow chart. Guidelines are provided to easily adapt use of this methodology to meet the needs of an individual area or policy, for a rational determination of long-range programming. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridges KW - Economics KW - Equipment replacement KW - Impact studies KW - Mathematical models KW - Policy KW - Replacement KW - Safety KW - Strategic planning KW - Structures KW - Systems analysis UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-005.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=SYSTEMS+APPROACH+TO+BRIDGE+STRUCTURE+REPLACEMENT-PRIORITY+PLANNING&author=A.+Shirole&author=J.+Hill&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80011 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183748 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Vaidyanathan, H AU - Cheung, M S AU - Beauchamp, J C TI - EXTENSION OF LIFE FOR PERLEY BRIDGE SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 64-76 AB - This paper describes a comprehensive evaluation procedure undertaken to decide the future of the 45-year old Perley Bridge, a multi-span, 696.16 m (2284 foot) steel structure, traversing the Ottawa River between Hawkesbury, Ontario and Grenville, Quebec. The bridge was originally designed for approximately H-15 live load and this was to be increased substantially. The bridge consists of an assortment of trestle, deck-truss, through-truss and bowstring-truss spans. The evaluation procedure included a number of phases, such as a review of past performance records and field inspections, theoretical analyses, field and laboratory tests etc. which resulted in recommendations for repairs and/or replacements of deficient members of the bridge. Each phase of the study is discussed in detail, in the hope that it might prove useful as a guide in the evaluation and upgrading of other existing bridge structures. Special attention is drawn to the need for field and laboratory tests to complement the theoretical analyses in assessing the validity of the original design assumptions and procedures in order to develop more realistic analytical models. The load factor design method was employed to assess the theoretical capcity of the bridge. Strengthening measures proposed would extend the life of the bridge at the current traffic level (up to 722.80 kN (162,500 pounds)), while allowing for increases in the future. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Field tests KW - Laboratory tests KW - Live loads KW - Load factor KW - Metal bridges KW - Service life KW - Steel bridges KW - Structural design KW - Traffic flow KW - Trusses UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-009.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=EXTENSION+OF+LIFE+FOR+PERLEY+BRIDGE&author=H.+Vaidyanathan&author=M.+Cheung&author=J.+Beauchamp&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80015 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183755 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Maeda, Yukio TI - FATIGUE CRACKS OF DEEP THIN-WALLED PLATE GIRDERS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 120-128 AB - Recently in Japan, fatigue cracks have been observed in bridges, cranes and tanks. Generally, there is a possibility of two types of fatigue cracks inherent in thin-walled plate girders. A crack which is initiated at the toe of fillet welds of compressions flange-to-web, is called Type-1 crack. Then, a crack at the toe of fillet welds of vertical stiffener-to-web, is called Type-2 crack. Type-1 and -2 cracks are governing ones in homogeneous and hybrid plate girders, respectively. For the fatigue design of deep thin-walled stiffened plate girders of bridges, the paper presents an extensive study on fatigue strength based on observations at the tests of initiation and propagation of the above-mentioned two fatigue cracks. The outline of girder tests and of coupon-type model tests for Type-2 cracks, and then the outline of girder tests and of plate-type and bar-type model tests for Type-1 cracks, are described and the results are discussed. The mechanism of initiation of Type-1 cracks at the bar-type model tests is discussed from the point of fracture mechanics in connection with unavoidable inherent initial defects due to welding or fabrication. Although the application of the test results to design is discussed, the problem of Type-1 cracks is a matter of structural details subjected to displacement-induced secondary bending stress ranges, and the need of further studies is stated. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Compression KW - Crack propagation KW - Cracking KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue strength KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Girder bridges KW - Girders KW - Metal bridges KW - Plates KW - Plates (Engineering) KW - Steel bridges KW - Stiffeners KW - Stiffeners (Plates) KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Welds UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-016.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=FATIGUE+CRACKS+OF+DEEP+THIN-WALLED+PLATE+GIRDERS&author=Y.+Maeda&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80022 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183762 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Clemena, Gerardo G AU - McKeel, Wallace T TI - DETECTION OF DELAMINATION IN BRIDGE DECKS WITH INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 180-182 AB - The use of infrared thermography to define very accurately variations in surface temperatures was evaluated as a means of defining delaminated areas caused by corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks. Differences in the temperatures of the deck surface, shown in various shades or colors on a cathode-ray tube, were photographed to provide a permanent graphic record of the location of the warmer, distressed areas. In a comparative study of infrared thermography and conventional deck evaluation techniques, including the sounding of the surface with a hammer and chain drag and the use of a rolling delamination detector, all were found generally satisfactory in locating severe to medium delaminations. However, the infrared thermography procedure had important advantages in disclosing incipient delaminations, those in which the cracking is confined to the close vicinity of the reinforcing steel, and in providing detailed records of the separated areas. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Concrete KW - Corrosion KW - Delamination KW - Detection and identification KW - Detectors KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Infrared radiation KW - Reinforced concrete pavements KW - Thermographs UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-023.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=DETECTION+OF+DELAMINATION+IN+BRIDGE+DECKS+WITH+INFRARED+THERMOGRAPHY&author=G.+Clemena&author=W.+McKeel&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80029 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183742 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Porter, James C TI - PRECEPTS OF THE EVALUATION OF FACILITIES FOR HUMAN USE AND THE APPLICATION TO BRIDGE REPLACEMENT PRIORITIES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 14-21 AB - Over the years, highway departments have inventoried and appraised their highway systems. One of the concepts that evolved is the sufficiency expressed as a percentage. This concept can be formalized as an inventory and appraisal process for general application. The concept has been applied intuitively to specific inventory needs such as the "Recording and Coding Guide for the Structure Inventory and Appraisal of the Nation's Bridges" and the sufficiency rating formula for bridges developed by the Federal Highway Administration. A generalized process which concisely defines terms required to develop precepts is presented. The methodology is a synthesis developed around the recognition that facilities subject to evaluation are directly or indirectly intended for human use. The process is then applied to a bridge replacement priority process through use of the sufficiency in an abridged example. Other uses are also discussed. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridges KW - Data collection KW - Equipment replacement KW - Inventory KW - Mathematical models KW - Ratings KW - Replacement KW - Strategic planning UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-003.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=PRECEPTS+OF+THE+EVALUATION+OF+FACILITIES+FOR+HUMAN+USE+AND+THE+APPLICATION+TO+BRIDGE+REPLACEMENT+PRIORITIES&author=J.+Porter&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80009 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183743 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Shirole, Arunprakash M AU - Hill, James J TI - SYSTEMS APPROACH TO BRIDGE STRUCTURE REHABILITATION OR REPLACEMENT DECISION-MAKING SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 22-31 AB - This paper presents a systems approach to the difficult bridge structure rehabilitation or replacement decision-making. Essential elements of the data base, or structure information system, supporting this decision-making process are indicated. Adequacy for future use and economic criteria for a rational appraisal of alternates are developed and their application is indicated. Constraints, such as available and projected flow of funds and of local or legal nature are identified and their impact on decisions are analyzed. Analytical decision methods, such as pay-off matrix and decision tree, for evaluation of alternate proposals are presented and illustrated in a systematic, step-by-step procedure. Guidelines are also presented to assist the decision-maker in the selection of a method suitable for individual situations. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridges KW - Decision making KW - Driver rehabilitation KW - Economics KW - Equipment replacement KW - Mathematical models KW - Rehabilitation KW - Replacement KW - Systems analysis UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-004.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=SYSTEMS+APPROACH+TO+BRIDGE+STRUCTURE+REHABILITATION+OR+REPLACEMENT+DECISION-MAKING&author=A.+Shirole&author=J.+Hill&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80010 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183757 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - OKADA, KIYOSHI AU - Okamura, Hirokazu AU - Sonoda, Keiichiro TI - FATIGUE FAILURE MECHANISM OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE DECK SLABS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 136-144 AB - The aim of the paper is to clarify the fatigue failure mechanism of reinforced concrete slabs under moving wheel loads. Seven slabs with full scale dimensions were tested under static load, central pulsating loads, and moving pulsating loads. To investigate deflection characteristic and reserve fatigue strength of cracked slabs subjected to actual traffic loads, especially, four test slabs were were sawn out from two distressed bridge decks. Experimental findings were mainly as follows: rubbing together of crack faces due to the repeatedly moving loads eventually produced a slit with a narrow opening in the cracked section; the formation of the slit reduced both flexural and shearing rigidities of the slab; if rain water were poured into the cracked section, the reductions of these rigidities were remarkably accelerated and caused the slab surface to collapse prematurely. Three-dimensional stress analysis in the vicinities of cracks predicted their penetration through the entire depth of the slab. It was found that the process of the penetration consisted of two stages: the first stage was a growth of flexural cracks occurring at the bottom surface of the slab, beneath the wheel load, and the second stage was a progression of twisting cracks occurring at the top surface, when the wheel load had moved away. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Deflection KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue strength KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Slenderness ratio KW - Stiffness KW - Stresses KW - Thinness KW - Wheel loads UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-018.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=FATIGUE+FAILURE+MECHANISM+OF+REINFORCED+CONCRETE+BRIDGE+DECK+SLABS&author=K.+OKADA&author=H.+Okamura&author=K.+Sonoda&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80024 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183760 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Batchelor, Barrington DeV AU - Hewitt, Brian E AU - Csagoly, P AU - Holowka, M TI - INVESTIGATION OF THE ULTIMATE STRENGTH OF DECK SLABS OF COMPOSITE STEEL/CONCRETE BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 162-170 AB - A theoretical and experimental study of the ultimate strength of the deck slab of composite I-beam bridges is summarized. A theory, based on a mechanical model proposed by Kinnunen and Nylander, for punching failure of simply supported slabs, is developed which permits the calculation of the punching strength of restrained slabs. The theory suggests that a deck slab can be expected to have a high inherent strength due to boundary restraints ensured by the presence of shear connectors, beams, diaphragms and the neighbouring slab areas. One-eighth scale direct models of a 24.4 m (80 ft) span prototype bridge were tested in laboratory studies of both orthotropically and isotropically reinforced slabs. Shear connector behaviour and dead load stresses appropriate to unshored construction were simulated. The results of the tests show that conventionally reinforced deck slabs have very high factors of safety against failure by punching and are wastefully reinforced. From considerations of ultimate strength as well as shrinkage and temperature reinforcement requirements, 0.2 per cent isotropic reinforcement is recommended as being adequate for bridge slabs of the type studied. Although this amounts to approximately 30 per cent of the current reinforcement requirements for such slabs, a high factor of safety can still be expected. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Beams KW - Bridge decks KW - Composite beams KW - Composite materials KW - Concrete KW - Concrete bridges KW - Deck girder bridges KW - Girder bridges KW - Isotropy KW - Metal bridges KW - Prototypes KW - Safety KW - Shrinkage KW - Simulation KW - Slabs KW - Slurries KW - Slurry KW - Steel bridges KW - Tests KW - Ultimate strength UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-021.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=INVESTIGATION+OF+THE+ULTIMATE+STRENGTH+OF+DECK+SLABS+OF+COMPOSITE+STEEL%2FCONCRETE+BRIDGES&author=B.+Batchelor&author=B.+Hewitt&author=P.+Csagoly&author=M.+Holowka&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80027 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183746 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Berger, R H AU - Gordon, Stanley TI - EXTENDING THE SERVICE LIFE OF EXISTING BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 47-55 AB - This paper briefly discusses background material and statistical data regarding the nation's current bridge problems and the research presently underway that will aid in resolving this problem. Bridge deficiencies as uncovered in the inspection of over 140 bridges located in five states are outlined. These deficiencies are categorized as Structural, Mechanical, Geometric, and Safety and are discussed as they apply to various bridge types and bridge materials. A catalog of deficiencies is included which lists the deficiencies in the order of frequency of occurrence. Bridge rehabilitation techniques presently in use are outlined and some unique techniques discussed. These include techniques to increase live load capacity, correct mechanical deficiencies, and to improve geometrics. Improvements to rideability, to safety, drainage and other miscellaneous repairs are also discussed. Sketches are included depicting the concepts of some of these rehabilitation techniques. "Improvement Factor" curves are developed for various techniques that can be utilized to increase live load capacity. This factor is an indication of the percentage of increase in flexural strength that can be achieved by a particular technique. Cost information for each of these techniques is also provided so that a "Cost Effectiveness Factor" can be computed for each. This provides a convenient means of comparison of various techniques from both a cost and an improvement standpoint. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge repairs KW - Bridges KW - Concrete bridges KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Deficiencies KW - Drainage KW - Driver rehabilitation KW - Flexural strength KW - Geometric elements KW - Geometrics data KW - Live loads KW - Mechanical properties KW - Metal bridges KW - Rehabilitation KW - Repairing KW - Riding qualities KW - Safety KW - Service life KW - Steel bridges KW - Structural analysis KW - Structures UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-007.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=EXTENDING+THE+SERVICE+LIFE+OF+EXISTING+BRIDGES&author=R.+Berger&author=S.+Gordon&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80013 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183753 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Fisher, John W AU - Pense, Alan W AU - Slockbower, Robert E AU - Hausammann, Hans TI - RETROFITTING FATIGUE DAMAGED BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 102-109 AB - This paper examines continuing laboratory and field studies on ways to retrofit fatigue damaged members. Results of a pilot field study on two bridge structures with known fatigue cracks at the ends of cover plates are reviewed. Fatigue damage members were retrofitted by peening and gas tungsten arc remelting the weld toe. The initial retrofit is summarized and the results of subsequent inspection after 1 1/2 years is reviewed. Also discussed is the retrofitting of several more bridges by peening weld toes on a more extensive scale. In recent years many highway and bridge structures have experienced fatigue damage from out-of-plane displacements. This has resulted in web cracking at the ends of transverse stiffeners and floor beam connection plates which were not welded to tension flanges. Cracking as a result of out-of-plane movement is reviewed and several examples of cracking in a number of bridges is discussed. Nearly all of these fatigue damaged members have been repaired and retrofitted by drilling holes in the web plate at the ends of the horizontal cracks. A series of laboratory studies have been carried out to evaluate the fatigue behavior of stiffeners due to out-of-plane displacement. After fatigue cracking from out-of-plane movement these test beams are retrofitted by drilling holes in the web plate. Subsequently the fatigue damaged girder has been cycled to confirm the adequacy of the retrofitting procedures. These results will be summarized and related to bridges with comparable conditions. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge repairs KW - Bridges KW - Crack propagation KW - Cracking KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Field tests KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Laboratory studies KW - Loss and damage KW - Metal bridges KW - Repairing KW - Repairs KW - Retrofitting KW - Steel bridges KW - Stiffeners KW - Stiffeners (Plates) KW - Webbing KW - Welds UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-014.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=RETROFITTING+FATIGUE+DAMAGED+BRIDGES&author=J.+Fisher&author=A.+Pense&author=R.+Slockbower&author=H.+Hausammann&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80020 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183764 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Wilson, Charles H AU - Pope, David H AU - Cundy, Vic A AU - Nydahl, John E AU - Pell, Kynric M TI - A DEMONSTRATION PROJECT FOR DEICING OF BRIDGE DECKS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 189-197 AB - An experimental facility to study the use of gravity operated heat pipes to couple earth heat to a bridge deck for snow and ice control has been developed at a site in southeastern Wyoming. Fifteen heat pipes of three different designs were incorporated in the design and construction of a composite bridge deck. Nine standard heat pipes 24.4 m (80 ft.) long and 2.5 cm (1 in.) outside diameter were installed transverse to the direction of traffic flow 5 cm (2 in.) below the deck surface on 15 cm (6 in.) centers. These pipes extend from depths of 15 m (50 ft.) in the earth up through the earth surface and through the edge of the deck to the bridge centerline. The performance of the heat pipe system has been monitored and recorded continuously at one minute intervals for over one year using a variety of instrumentation transducers and a digital data acquisition system. In addition the surface conditions on the deck and the adjacent roadway were recorded photographically at five minute intervals during daylight hours. The results obtained demonstrate that heat pipes can be an effective means of snow and ice control on bridge decks. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Composite structures KW - Couplers KW - Deicing KW - Demonstration projects KW - Ground heat KW - Heat pipes KW - Monitoring KW - Photography KW - Snow and ice control KW - Structural design KW - Traffic flow UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-025.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=A+DEMONSTRATION+PROJECT+FOR+DEICING+OF+BRIDGE+DECKS&author=C.+Wilson&author=D.+Pope&author=V.+Cundy&author=J.+Nydahl&author=K.+Pell&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80031 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183750 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Victor, Robert F TI - ORTHOTROPIC BRIDGE SAVES OLD COVERED BRIDGE SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 80-85 AB - When inspection of the Old Covered Bridge at West Cornwall, Connecticut revealed extensive deterioration of its floor system and trusses, a new bridge was proposed to be built just upstream. The old bridge, dating from 1841, would have been left open to pedestrians only. This proposal angered local residents who wanted the old bridge restored. Because of tight vertical clearance restrictions, structure depth was severely limited. Preliminary computer analyses showed that a slender orthotropic steel deck bridge could be independently built within the old bridge and designed for AASHTO HS20 and alternative loadings. The construction consisted of building a parallel temporary bridge, raising the old structure 61 cm (2-ft.) higher to clear future floodwaters, painting, reshingling and whitewashing the interior and, erecting the steel deck bridge within. A timber floor was bolted to the steel deck plate. The total project cost $360,000 which is a savings of more than $1,500,000 over the cost of the proposed upstream bridge. More importantly, a historic nineteenth century structure was preserved as a heritage for the twenty-first century. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Building materials KW - Costs KW - Deterioration KW - Information processing KW - Loading KW - Loads KW - Metal bridges KW - Orthotropic KW - Repairing KW - Repairs KW - Steel bridges KW - Trusses UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-011.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=ORTHOTROPIC+BRIDGE+SAVES+OLD+COVERED+BRIDGE&author=R.+Victor&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80017 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183752 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - TILLY, G P TI - FATIGUE PROBLEMS IN HIGHWAY BRIDGES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 93-101 AB - During the past few years there has been an increasing incidence of fatigue cracking in the welded joints of modern steel bridges. Many examples have occurred in welds on main girders of short or medium span highway bridges having concrete decks, and in welded joints in orthotropic steel decks of temporary bridges and long span bridges. Design of British bridges is checked for lives of 120 years involving up to 7.10 to the 8th power cycles of stress. Calculations to assess fatigue require a realistic loading spectrum, reliable methods to obtain local stresses, and relevant S/N relationships between stresses and numbers of cycles to failure. This paper briefly describes some of the recent research to improve the background to these three steps for design of bridges, particularly those having orthotropic steel decks. The research includes investigation of the influence of surfacing, type of stress cycle, residual stress, plate thickness, cyclic frequency, rest-periods, weathering and consideration of programmed loading. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Girders KW - Highway bridges KW - Joint KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Metal bridges KW - Orthotropic KW - Steel bridges KW - Stresses UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-013.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=FATIGUE+PROBLEMS+IN+HIGHWAY+BRIDGES&author=G.+TILLY&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80019 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183765 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Moses, Fred TI - RELIABILITY APPROACHES TO BRIDGE SAFETY AND TRUCK LOADING UNCERTAINTIES SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 198-206 AB - Design decisions for highway structures can utilize probability and statistics to express uncertainties in vehicle loading, analysis, strength and construction control. Structural reliability research is described to provide design codes with consistent risk levels and optimal designs. A detailed reliability approach is presented for deriving load and performance factors for steel element fatigue design. The uncertainties in truck weight, volume, headway, strength distribution (analysis), impact and fatigue life are included. The fatigue load model is extended to strength design by considering two behavior levels. The first level utilizes a limit state format with element-oriented load and performance factors derived for components with failure criteria such as maximum moment. Ultimate strength is recognized in a second level check with system coefficients based on the ratio of the load causing significant bridge distress to the limit state load. Code oriented research is described to derive system coefficients for various types of bridge structures using nonlinear and ultimate load analysis. The goal is to utilize the load margin between an element limit state and major bridge damage to contain load uncertainties in future load growth and overweight vehicle operations. The sparce load data available has inhibited introduction of reliability oriented specifications. A project is desribed for undetected weighing of vehicles in motion using instrumented highway bridge girders. The field results show its feasibility and opportunities for filling in missing data on load history and overweight vehicles. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue life KW - Headways KW - Highway safety KW - Instrumentation KW - Load limits KW - Loads KW - Loss and damage KW - Oversize loads KW - Overweight loads KW - Reliability KW - Structural engineering KW - Trucks KW - Trucks by weight KW - Weight UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-026.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=RELIABILITY+APPROACHES+TO+BRIDGE+SAFETY+AND+TRUCK+LOADING+UNCERTAINTIES&author=F.+Moses&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80032 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183767 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Duncan, Michael A G AU - Davis, Stuart G TI - METHOD OF ASSESING HIGHWAY BRIDGES FOR SUPERLOADS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 212-220 AB - Technological progress has made it economically beneficial to use larger and heavier industrial components termed "Superloads". These generally involve equipment for electric power and very heavy chemical plants located on coal fields. Because of the absence of inland waterways and the limited capacity of railways in Southern Africa, these loads must travel along the highway network. A current project involves the movement of payloads of up to 400,000 kg (440 tons) over some 500 km (310 miles) of road. In this instance a total of 60 under-bridges of various sizes must be crossed. In order to meet pavement loading restrictions, the transporters carrying these loads may have as many as 288 wheels distributed on 5 m (16 ft) wide axles. The four haulers used to draw these vehicles may give total combination masses of up to 800,000 kg (880 tons) and overall lengths of about 120 m (385 ft). Accurate analytical techniques are required to optimize the effects of these load trains on bridges so that every reserve of strength may be utilised. The multiplicity of structural configurations, construction materials, and original design specifications requires that each structure be assessed individually. Moreover, the variety of vehicle combinations is practically endless. For these reasons the method adopted to make such assessments relies on a load independent computerized influence surface technique involving stresses at critical points. A research program to develop a system termed "Generate-Simulate-Compare" (GSC) is now well advanced and initial analytical results sow good correlation with parallel studies on monitoring techniques in the field. The paper describes the package of analytical programs and field observation methods. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Equipment KW - Heavy load KW - Highway bridges KW - Industrial materials KW - Industrial use KW - Loading and unloading KW - Networks KW - Road networks KW - Roads KW - Simulation KW - Stresses KW - Structural engineering UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-028.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=METHOD+OF+ASSESING+HIGHWAY+BRIDGES+FOR+SUPERLOADS&author=M.+Duncan&author=S.+Davis&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80034 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183754 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hsiong, Wei TI - REPAIR OF POPLAR STREET COMPLEX BRIDGES IN EAST ST. LOUIS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 110-119 AB - The web cracks found in the Poplar Street Complex Bridges were located at the top of the web-to-bottom flange fillet weld near the end floor beams. The buckled web was observed at the end of the girders behind the bearing stiffener. This report summarizes the results of the study which intends to determine the proper causes of the distress. It is believed that the main cause of the web crack was due to the out-of-plane movement of the web; and that the cause of the web buckling was from the eccentric reaction induced by the seized bearing pin. The repair method was developed mainly to stiffen the section and to carry the secondary stress induced from the out-of-plane movement of the web and to resist the distortion of the girder due to differential deflection of the main girders. Suggested details for future design are also included. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bearings KW - Bridge bearings KW - Bridge stresses KW - Bridges KW - Buckling KW - Crack propagation KW - Cracking KW - Deflection KW - Distortion (Structural) KW - Distortion (Structures) KW - Distress KW - East St Louis (Illinois) KW - Girders KW - Metal bridges KW - Repairing KW - Repairs KW - Steel bridges KW - Stiffeners KW - Stiffeners (Plates) KW - Strain gages KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Thermal stresses KW - Webbing KW - Welds UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-015.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=REPAIR+OF+POPLAR+STREET+COMPLEX+BRIDGES+IN+EAST+ST.+LOUIS&author=W.+Hsiong&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80021 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183756 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Hopwood, Theodore AU - Havens, J H TI - ACOUSTIC EMISSION AND FATIGUE CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPICAL BRIDGE STEELS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 129-135 AB - Acoustic emission monitoring was used during tensile tests of low-carbon structural steels to determine the physical characteristics of the acoustic emission phenomena. Results indicate that acoustic emissions are caused by micro-plastic deformation processes (i.e., dislocation motion). A series of axial-fatigue tests was performed on several types of structural steels, some of which had extensive service in bridges. There was no apparent relation between specimen load histories and subsequent performance in fatigue tests. Tensile tests of specimens subjected to extensive fatigue testing, at stresses below the yield strength of the material, revealed no major difference in mechanical properties or acoustic emission response due to their fatigue histories. Further tests revealed that acoustic emission testing in the frequency range of 100-300 kHz has the physical capability of detecting cracks on large structural steel members. This may prove beneficial for the comprehensive nondestructive evaluation of steel bridges. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Acoustic emission tests KW - Acoustics KW - Bridges KW - Cracking KW - Deformation KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Loads KW - Metal bridges KW - Performance tests KW - Pollutants KW - Steel bridges KW - Strength of materials KW - Tensile test KW - Tension tests UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-017.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=ACOUSTIC+EMISSION+AND+FATIGUE+CHARACTERISTICS+OF+TYPICAL+BRIDGE+STEELS&author=T.+Hopwood&author=J.+Havens&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80023 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183761 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Csagoly, P AU - Holowka, M AU - Dorton, R TI - THE TRUE BEHAVIOR OF THIN CONCRETE BRIDGE SLABS SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 171-179 AB - It has been observed that thin concrete deck slabs supported by beams or girders are generally capable of carrying concentrated wheel loads far in excess of design values established by traditional methods of analysis. This capacity appears to be present even if the concrete has considerably deteriorated or a large percentage of the reinforcing steel is lost due to rusting. The usual failure made is that of punching and not flexure, hence the load-carrying capacity is defined in terms of the former. Under a concentrated wheel load, the present AASHTO Specifications, based on 2-dimensional plate bending theory, over-estimate the maximum tensile reinforcing steel stresses by a considerable margin. It has been found that the load-carrying capacity of the slab is governed by internal arching action, rather than by flexural strength. The net result is that a multiple of the absolute minimum reinforcing is being built into thin concrete deck slabs. In the presence of deicing salt, too much steel too close to the wearing surface usually results in extensive spalling of the concrete decks, leading to a marked reduction in service life. This paper covers the results of an extensive prototype investigation. Field testing of existing bridges, both composite and non-composite, deteriorated and not deteriorated, with a 445 kN (1000,000 lb.) simulated wheel load resulted in non permanent damage or upper surface cracking to the slabs. New prototype deck slabs have been built with as little as 0.2% isotropic reinforcement. The test results indicate sufficient capacity for concentrated wheel loads with steel stresses and deflection being at acceptable levels. These research findings are being incorporated into the new Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Concrete bridges KW - Deflection KW - Failure KW - Isotropy KW - Reinforced concrete pavements KW - Reinforcing steel KW - Slabs KW - Specifications KW - Tensile stress KW - Tension KW - Wheel loads UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-022.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=THE+TRUE+BEHAVIOR+OF+THIN+CONCRETE+BRIDGE+SLABS&author=P.+Csagoly&author=M.+Holowka&author=R.+Dorton&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80028 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00183763 JO - Transportation Research Record PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Cady, Philip D AU - Kline, Donald E AU - Blankenhorn, Paul R TI - DEEP IMPREGNATION OF CONCRETE BRIDGE DECKS WITH LINSEED OIL SN - 0309026962 PY - 1978 IS - 664 SP - pp 183-188 AB - The overall objective of the research described in this paper was to evaluate the feasibility of deep impregnation of concrete bridge decks with boiled linseed oil/diluent mixtures. Impregnation is one of the techniques that is currently receiving considerable attention as a means of improving the longevity of bridge decks by reducing or preventing spalling problems associated with corrosion of reinforcing steel. The choice of linseed oil was based on safety (low volatility and high flash point), cost considerations, and the elimination of the polymerization step required for other polymers. Also, many highway agencies are already familiar with linseed oil, since it is commonly sprayed on bridge deck surfaces periodically to retard surface scaling. The latter procedure results in penetration depths of less than 3 mm and has little or no effect on preventing spalling. Deep impregnation requires a drying step to remove water, followed by sufficient contact with the impregnant to permit penetration to the desired depth. Following a period of preliminary laboratory studies, demonstration impregnations were carried out on 5.6 sq m areas on two bridge decks. One of the bridges had been subject to 3 winters of deicer salt application. The other had received no salt. Four days soaking time with a 50-50 mixture of boiled linseed oil/mineral spirits mixture was used in the impregnation step. Examination of cores subsequently removed from the test areas revealed that penetration depths ranging from about 5 to 10 cm were obtained. /Author/ U1 - Bridge Engineering Conference, 1st, 1978, St Louis, Missouri, USAFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Railroad AdministrationSt Louis,Missouri,United States StartDate:19780925 EndDate:19780928 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration KW - Bridge decks KW - Concrete KW - Corrosion KW - Corrosion protection KW - Field tests KW - Impregnation (Engineering) KW - Linseed oil KW - Oils KW - Pendulum tests KW - Polymerization KW - Reinforcing materials KW - Reinforcing steel KW - Scaling KW - Slabs KW - Spalling UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1978/664/664v1-024.pdf UR - https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=DEEP+IMPREGNATION+OF+CONCRETE+BRIDGE+DECKS+WITH+LINSEED+OIL&author=P.+Cady&author=D.+Kline&author=P.+Blankenhorn&publication_year=1978 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80030 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175477 AU - DuVivier, C L AU - Rogers, L M AU - Sheffeld, W AU - Foster, H J AU - Storch Engineers AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - POTENTIAL MEANS OF COST REDUCTION IN GRADE CROSSING MOTORIST-WARNING CONTROL EQUIPMENT. VOLUME I. OVERVIEW, TECHNOLOGY SURVEY AND RELAY ALTERNATIVES PY - 1977/12 SP - 178 p. AB - The results of a recent study of railroad-highway grade crossing warning system technology are presented. Emphasis in the investigation was placed on the determination of the potential for significant reduction in equipment, installation and maintenance costs through improvements sought within a framework of the basic (track circuit) system concepts now prevalent. This study comprises a comprehensive survey of current practices and hardware, an analysis of all major cost elements, and a consideration of potentially beneficial technical changes. The effort is concentrated on the equipment involved in train detection and the activation of warning devices. Special attention is given to European practices. The applicability of European signal relays and of mercury-wetted reed relays to the North American situation is analysed. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Audio frequency track circuits KW - Cost engineering KW - Detectors KW - Electrical transients KW - Europe KW - Fail safe systems KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Highways KW - Installation KW - Intersections KW - Maintenance KW - Mercury KW - North America KW - Presence detectors KW - Proximity detectors KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroad transportation KW - Relays KW - Relays (Electricity) KW - Reliability KW - Safety KW - Signal devices KW - Technology KW - Track circuits KW - Transient analyzers KW - Warning systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69741 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00335861 AU - HARRIS, R G AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESTRUCTURING THE RAILROADS: COST SAVINGS FROM BRANCHLINE ABANDONMENTS PY - 1977/12 SP - 91 p. AB - This study examines the economic viability of light density rail lines and attempts to measure the potential cost savings from the abandonment of unviable lines. Chapter II presents the economic factors which should be used in measuring viability and making disinvestment decisions. In Chapter III, regression analysis is performed to estimate the costs of providing rail service on light density lines; the regression results are compared to cost estimates derived from case studies. The role of branch rail lines is reviewed in Chapter IV, which presents statistics relating the origination and termination of rail traffic, by state and commodity type, to the traffic density of the lines over which the traffic moves. Then, in Chapter V, the study employs a network simulation model of the rail industry to analyze the flow of traffic to and from branch lines and assess their economic viability. In the concluding chapter, the study summarizes the results of the analysis, reporting significant cost savings from abandonment of unviable branch lines. KW - Abandonment KW - Analysis KW - Branch lines KW - Commodity flow KW - Commodity flow patterns KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Economic analysis KW - Government funding KW - Light density lines KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Origin and destination KW - Profitability KW - Railroad traffic KW - Regression analysis KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Traffic density UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/168746 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182083 AU - Goree, J G AU - Law, E H AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - KALKER'S SIMPLIFIED NONLINEAR CREEP THEORY (COMPLETE SOLUTION). SOFTWARE PY - 1977/12 SP - n.p. AB - The conversion of the computer program, 'Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact', (used for calculation of a nonlinear creep force-creepage relationship) from the original Algol language to Fortran is considered. The Algol program was written by Professor J. J. Kalker and was derived from the paper, 'Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact', Delft Progr. Rep., Series C: Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering and Shipbuilding, 1 (1973), pp. 1-10. A significant number of changes was made in the program for more convenient use; however, the fundamental equations remain unchanged. The results were checked in detail to insure agreement with the original solution. The program gives an appropriate solution for the resultant tangential creep forces and spin moment acting between two bodies of equal linearly elastic material properties. The creep forces and spin moment are due to lateral, longitudinal, and spin creepages. Assumptions corresponding to the Hertz contact theory are implied and two additional simplifying assumptions are made, resulting in a significant reduction in computation time as contrasted with previous solutions. Two separate computer codes were developed, the first being the general solution with extended input and output, and the second a shortened version primarily intended for use as a subroutine. Surprisingly good agreement is found to exist between the 'Simplified Theory' and published experimental results for a wide range of contact ellipse eccentricity. The user's manual for these programs is presented in the report 'User's Manual for Kalker's Simplified Nonlinear Creep Theory', by James G. Goree and E. Harry Law, PB-279 503. KW - Antifriction bearings KW - Computer programs KW - Creep KW - Creep properties KW - Dynamics KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Ibm 370 KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Roller bearings KW - Software KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel creep KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/78674 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182084 AU - Goree, J G AU - Law, E H AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - KALKER'S SIMPLIFIED NONLINEAR CREEP THEORY (SUBROUTINE FORCES). SOFTWARE PY - 1977/12 SP - n.p. AB - The conversion of the computer program, 'Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact', (used for calculation of a nonlinear creep force-creepage relationship) from the original Algol language to Fortran is considered. The Algol program was written by Professor J. J. Kalker and was derived from the paper, 'Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact,' Delft Progr. Rep., Series C: Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering and Shipbuilding, 1 (1973), pp 1-10. A significant number of changes was made in the program for more convenient use; however, the fundamental equations remain unchanged. The results were checked in detail to insure agreement with the original solution. The program gives an appropriate solution for the resultant tangential creep forces and spin moment acting between two bodies of equal linearly elastic material properties. The creep forces and spin moment are due to lateral, longitudinal, and spin creepages. Assumptions corresponding to the Hertz contact theory are implied and two additional simplifying assumptions are made, resulting in a significant reduction in computation time as contrasted with previous solutions. Two separate computer codes were developed, the first being the general solution with extended input and output, and the second a shortened version primarily intended for use as a subroutine. KW - Antifriction bearings KW - Computer programs KW - Creep KW - Creep properties KW - Dynamics KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Ibm 370 KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Roller bearings KW - Software KW - Subroutines KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel creep KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/78675 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00196927 AU - BERGLUND, M F AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION FOR DEMAND LEVELING PRICING IN THE RAIL INDUSTRY PY - 1977/12 SP - 20 p. AB - The paper provides a non-technical discussion of peak-load pricing principles and their application to accomplish demand leveling in the rail industry. The economic justification for demand-responsive rail rates is explained and the improvements which would result from their implementation is discussed. The economic impact of existing regulatory pricing policies on freight car utilization is examined and evaluated. Results of the paper show that poor pricing principles have generated substantial inefficiencies for the rail industry and that freight car utilization would be greatly improved by flexible, demand-responsive rail rates. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Congestion pricing KW - Demand KW - Economic analysis KW - Freight transportation KW - Government regulations KW - Justification KW - Peak capacities KW - Peak periods KW - Pricing KW - Rate making KW - Regulations KW - User charges UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/88324 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00188073 AU - Stewart (DA) and Associates TI - PROPOSED RESEARCH PLAN TO IMPROVE RAILROAD EMPLOYEE TRAINING PY - 1977/12 SP - 58 p. AB - The purpose of this study was to present an overall research plan for consideration by the Federal Railroad Administration which would aid the railroad industry in fulfilling its employee training needs. A sample of eight railroads, including both rail labor and management representatives were interviewed to determine the extent of existing training and to gain insights as to a possible role of the Federal Railroad Administration. The major recommendation was that FRA consider the development of a Basic Core Curriculum which would have universal applicability over the railroad system. This recommendation and the thirteen other research recommendations are now under review and consideration. KW - Labor unions KW - Management KW - Management development KW - Operating rules KW - Research programs KW - Research projects KW - Safety KW - Supervision KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/78230 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179283 AU - KATZ, R AU - Mitre Corporation TI - VIBRATION ASPECTS OF RIDE QUALITY MODELING FOR THE DOT PTACV--THEORY AND EXPERIMENT PY - 1977/12 SP - 51 p. AB - An important aspect of passenger ride comfort in a transportation vehicle is the acceleration level of the passenger cabin. In order to incorporate ride quality into the design process of such vehicles, it is necessary to have reasonably validated analytical models to predict the acceleration levels at frequencies which affect passenger ride comfort. The purpose of this report is to discuss the suitability of analytical models used to predict the heave acceleration in the passenger cabin of The Department of Transportation's Prototype Tracked Air Cushion Vehicle (PTACV). The basis of this evaluation is a comparison of theoretical predictions from an analytical model, typical of those in common usage today, with measured response accumulated during testing of the PTACV on its test track. KW - Advanced systems KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Passenger comfort KW - Ride quality KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71293 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179262 AU - Loomis, A V AU - Anyos, T AU - Stanford Research Institute TI - REFURBISHMENT OF RAILROAD CROSSTIES. A TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS PY - 1977/12 SP - 132 p. AB - An analysis of the principal modes of failure for wooden railroad crossties was conducted and an evaluation of the technical and economic feasibility of refurbishing these ties was conducted. Among the principal modes of structural deterioration, only spike-killed tie repair was identified as practically feasible for in-situ treatment. However, once ties were removed from track, the feasibility of an in-plant repair of selected ties was found to be technically feasible for plate-cut and spike-killed ties. Such a repair operation could result in cost savings of 19-50% over the cost of new tie insertion, depending on the nature of the process selected and the assumed salvage value of a "spent" tie. Candidate process plant flow descriptions have been developed and the initial (capital) costs and annual operating costs evaluated. Recommendations for process evaluation are included as a starting point for continued investigations of crosstie reuse. KW - Cross tie deterioration KW - Deterioration KW - Economic analysis KW - Equipment replacement KW - Polymers KW - Railroad ties KW - Recycling KW - Service life KW - Spikes KW - Tie plugs KW - Tie replacement KW - Wood preservatives KW - Wood ties KW - Wooden cross ties UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71289 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179125 AU - Thompson, M R AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign TI - FAST BALLAST AND SUBGRADE MATERIALS EVALUATION-BALLAST AND FOUNDATION MATERIALS RESEARCH PROGRAM PY - 1977/12 SP - 31 p. AB - The ballast, subballast, and subgrade materials from the FAST Project at Pueblo, Colorado were evaluated. Conventional characterization testing and repeated load triaxial testing were conducted with the various materials The data included in this report were developed for bulk material samples forwarded to the University of Illinois. The test results do not reflect any "material variability" which would be encountered in the completed FAST Project. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Fast facility KW - Railroad tracks KW - Soil tests KW - Subballast KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Tests KW - Track structures UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71196 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179121 AU - Heller, R AU - Cooperrider, N K AU - Clemson University AU - Arizona State University, Tempe TI - USER'S MANUAL FOR ASYMMETRIC WHEEL/RAIL CONTACT CHARACTERIZATION PROGRAM PY - 1977/12 SP - 98 p. AB - Wheel/rail geometric constraint relationships, such as the effective conicity and gravitational stiffness, strongly influence the lateral dynamics of railway vehicles. The principal curvatures of wheel and rail profiles are important parameters in the determination of creep coefficients used in rail vehicle models. In general, these geometric constraints and profile curvatures are nonlinear functions of the wheelset lateral displacement. This report is a users' manual for a computer program written in FORTRAN IV that uses iterative procedures to determine these nonlinear functions for arbitrary wheel and rail profiles. The program computes the wheel/rail contact positions, geometric constraint functions, and profile curvatures for any given wheel profile, rail profile, rail cant angle, and rail gauge for an asymmetric wheelset on asymmetric rails. Analytical methods used and program input and output are described. Results are in the form of printout, punched cards and drum plotter plots. The users' manual includes program listings, sample deck set-ups, and sample run output. KW - Computer programs KW - Creep KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail profiles KW - Railroad cars KW - Rolling contact KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel creep KW - Wheel profiles KW - Wheels KW - Wheelsets (Railroads) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71192 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176018 AU - Heller, R AU - Tuten, J M AU - Kadala, P S AU - Law, E H AU - Clemson University AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMPUTER SIMULATION OF COULOMB FRICTION PY - 1977/12 SP - 61 p. AB - Coulomb friction, such as found in the suspension system of railway freight cars, can strongly influence dynamic behavior. The Coulomb friction nonlinearity must be accurately implemented in computer simulations of multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic models. This report proposes three computer models for friction and analyzes their performance in analog and digital computer simulations. Simulation techniques used are described in detail. Performance of each friction model is compared to analytical results. The accuracy, advantages, and disadvantages of each model are discussed. The report concludes with recommendations on the use of the proposed friction models. KW - Analog simulation KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Coulomb friction KW - Damping (Physics) KW - Degrees of freedom KW - Digital simulation KW - Forced vibration KW - Freight cars KW - Friction KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69926 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175999 AU - PRAUSE, R H AU - KENNEDY, J C AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PARAMETRIC STUDY OF TRACK RESPONSE PY - 1977/12 SP - 118 p. AB - This report was prepared as part of the Improved Track Structures Research Program managed by the Transportation Systems Center. The report presents results from a parametric study of track response using a comprehensive track analysis model. Track response parameters include rail and tie bending moments, rail displacement, tie rail seat load, and the distribution of stresses in the ballast and subgrade. The effects of variations in tie size, tie spacing, ballast depth and rail fastener stiffness are presented in graphs suitable for track design trade-off studies. Alternative wood and concrete tie track configurations are evaluated using equivalent maintenance criteria. Maintenance criteria for track surface deterioration were reviewed to select ballast and subgrade stress parameters which can be related to track settlement rate for service loads. Formats for cumulative settlement criteria are evaluated using available laboratory data for the behavior of ballast and subgrade materials under repeated loads. Track lateral strength requirements for wood and concrete tie track are also discussed. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast depth KW - Bending moments KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Cross tie spacing KW - Deterioration KW - Fasteners KW - Lateral stability KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Rail fasteners KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Spacing KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Track deterioration KW - Track response investigations KW - Track stability KW - Track stress KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wood ties KW - Wooden cross ties UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/34000/34200/34227/PB279316.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69915 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176001 AU - PRAUSE, R H AU - Harrison, H D AU - KENNEDY, J C AU - Arnlund, R C AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Bechtel, Incorporated AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - AN ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF CONCRETE CROSS TIE AND FASTENER LOADS PY - 1977/12 SP - 356 p. AB - This report has been prepared as part of the Improved Track Structures Research Program sponsored by the Office of Rail Safety Research of the Federal Railroad Administration. The report covers a review and evaluation of track analysis models for predicting tie and fastener loads. The principal track analysis model selected includes the effects of tie bending, ballast depth, and ballast and subgrade elastic properties in a unified manner. The report also includes a statistical description of track loads measured for revenue traffic operating on three sections of concrete tie track on the Florida East Coast Railway. Measured tie loads are compared to maximum design loads used in current specifications for concrete ties and fasteners. KW - Ballast KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast depth KW - Bending KW - Bending stress KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Data collection KW - Deflection KW - Fasteners KW - Instrumentation KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Loads KW - Rail fasteners KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Stresses KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Track response investigations KW - Track stiffness KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69916 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176025 AU - Goree, J G AU - Law, E H AU - Clemson University AU - Arizona State University, Tempe AU - Association of American Railroads Research Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - USERS' MANUAL FOR KALKER'S SIMPLIFIED NONLINEAR CREEP THEORY PY - 1977/12 SP - 58 p. AB - The conversion of the computer program, 'Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact,' (used for calculation of a nonlinear creep force-creepage relationship) from the original Algol language to Fortran is considered. The Algol program was written by Professor J. J. Kalker and was derived from the paper, 'Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact,' Delft Progr. Rep., Series C: Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering and Shipbuilding, 1 (1973), pp. 1-10. A significant number of changes was made in the program for more convenient use; however, the fundamental equations remain unchanged. The results were checked in detail to insure agreement with the original solution. The program gives an appropriate solution for the resultant tangential creep forces and spin moment acting between two bodies of equal linearly elastic material properties. The creep forces and spin moment are due to lateral, longitudinal, and spin creepages. Assumptions corresponding to the Hertz contact theory are implied and two additional simplifying assumptions are made, resulting in a significant reduction in computation time as contrasted with previous solutions. Two separate computer codes were developed, the first being the general solution with extended input and output, and the second a shortened version primarily intended for use as a subroutine. Surprisingly good agreement is found to exist between the 'Simplified Theory' and published experimental results for a wide range of contact ellipse eccentricity. KW - Adhesion KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Creep KW - Creep properties KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Force KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Live loads KW - Nonlinear systems KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rolling contact KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel creep KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69929 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175478 AU - Holmstrom, F Ross AU - Lowell University AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - POTENTIAL MEANS OF COST REDUCTION IN GRADE CROSSING MOTORIST-WARNING CONTROL EQUIPMENT. VOLUME II. COMPARISON OF SOLID STATE AND RELAY DEVICES AND TECHNIQUES PY - 1977/12 SP - 50 p. AB - Consideration is given to the properties of solid-state circuits, miniature relays and large gravity-operated relays when applied to control systems for grade crossings equipped with train-activated motorist warnings. Factors discussed include original cost and service-life cost, vulnerability to environment, reliability and fail-safety, power requirements, maintainability, complexity of tasks to be performed and economic scale. KW - Circuits KW - Control devices KW - Cost estimating KW - Electric circuits KW - Electric relays KW - Electrical transients KW - Electronic control KW - Electronic controllers KW - Estimates KW - Fail safe systems KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Maintainability KW - Railroad transportation KW - Relays (Electricity) KW - Reliability KW - Signal devices KW - Solid state controls KW - Solid state devices KW - Transient analyzers KW - Warning systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69742 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00173472 AU - Lewis, D C AU - Hillegas, B D AU - Miller, S M AU - Anderson, C AU - CONSAD Research Corporation AU - KAISER ENGINEERS AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ST. LOUIS RAILROAD GATEWAY TERMINAL RESTRUCTURING PROJECT--PHASE I PY - 1977/12 SP - 236 p. AB - This report documents the analyses and results of Phase I of the St. Louis Terminal Restructuring Project. Phase I has been limited to the development and preliminary examination of a physical restructuring plan with order-of-magnitude costs. This physical restructuring plan for the St. Louis terminal area has been developed by a Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) composed of representatives of the seventeen railroad companies operating in the St. Louis terminal. The TAC's restructuring plan would provide for expansion of one classification yard, construction of a new classification yard, modification of an existing yard for industry support, construction of a TOFC/COFC facility, and mainline corridor upgrading. Railroad bridge upgrading would be an option for further analysis. The TAC's restructuring plan would be refined through substantial additional analysis in Phase II of the project. The primary community impacts of the restructuring plan would be the release of approximately 800 acres of riverfront land for redevelopment and relocation of approximately seventy dwellings and commercial/institutional structures. KW - Bridges KW - Classification yards KW - Consolidations KW - Cost estimating KW - Environmental impacts KW - Estimates KW - Interchanges KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Layout KW - Line relocation KW - Lines of track KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Railroad facilities KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Reconstruction KW - Relocation (Facilities) KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - St. louis terminal KW - Urban areas KW - Urban railroad relocation KW - Yard layout planning KW - Yard operations KW - Yard throughput UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/68823 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170575 AU - Raposa, F L AU - Spenny, C H AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - COST EFFECTIVENESS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT RELATED TO RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION IN THE UNITED STATES PY - 1977/12 SP - 166 p. AB - The object of this report is to determine the impact of research and development on railroad electrification in the United States. It is presumed that electrification is economically viable and that a prior commitment has been made to electrifying the high density mainlines. Research and development topics are identified from a series of government/industry workshops. Those near-term and mid-term topics found to have major impact include substation and railroad/utility interface improvements to reduce energy costs, improvements in catenary design and construction techniques, improvement in locomotive power density and adhesion, and reduction in electromagnetic interference. Their impact on a postulated network is measured by the savings which could accrue if the research and development accomplishments were implemented when available. Additional non-hardware topics identified for the near term include system engineering, standards, and socio-economic and environmental impact. Far-term topics identified include linear motors and brakes, dc electrification, and improvements for electrification of lighter density routes. The cost benefits of dc electrification for the second increment of the postulated network are presented. KW - Adhesion KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Development KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric substations KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - Linear electric motor KW - Linear motors KW - Public utilities KW - Railroad electrification KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Specifications KW - Utilities UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58391 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00196980 AU - Carter, C S AU - Caton, R G AU - Guthrie, J G L AU - Boeing Commercial Airplane Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - FRACTURE RESISTANCE AND FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF RAILROAD WHEELS AND AXLES PY - 1977/11 SP - 138 p. AB - The effects of chemical composition, temperature and loading rates on the plane strain fracture toughness K sub I sub c of railroad wheels have been determined. Similarly, the effects of these variables were determined for grade U and F railroads axles. The carbon content was determined to be the principal factor controlling K sub I sub c. Sensitivity to loading rate (K sub I sub d) was seen to be a function of the microstructure. Estimates have been made of the minimum size of crack, which could result in the failure of wheels and axles under adverse service conditions. Also investigated were the effects of chemical composition, heat treatment, temperature, stress ratio (R), environment and peak loads on the fatigue crack growth characteristics of wheels and axles. It was seen that the effects of R could be predicted by the Forman equation and that crack growth rates were predominantly affected by R. Otherwise, all values fell within the same scatterband. Predictions of crack growth to criticality as a function of cycles were made for wheels and axles. Based on these calculations, it was concluded that detection of subcritical flaws with a good degree of confidence would only be possible for the classes A and sub A wheels and the grades U and F axles. KW - Axle defects KW - Axle fatigue KW - Axles KW - Carbon steel KW - Cracking KW - Defects KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue cracking KW - Fracture properties KW - Heat treatment KW - Metal heating KW - Metallurgy KW - Wheel defects KW - Wheel fatigue KW - Wheel metallurgy KW - Wheels UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/46000/46100/46161/DOT-TSC-FRA-77-20.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/88350 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00196985 AU - Sussman, J M AU - Martland, C D AU - Juster, R D AU - Kruger, J A AU - Michaels, L AU - Gray, R AU - Multisystems, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE U.S. RAILROADS: SOME ALTERNATIVES FOR IMPROVEMENT PY - 1977/11 SP - 359 p. AB - There are numerous strategies for improving railroad performance within the industry as it is currently structured. Although no single approach will solve all of the industry's financial problems, a combination of strategies, followed simultaneously, could achieve this goal. This report, which was undertaken as part of the Section 901 studies required by the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976, investigates such strategies as better car distribution, lower labor costs, reduced circuity, and improved yard efficiency. The report presents two screening models that can be used to test a wide variety of improvement strategies. Sensitivity analysis of the most promising strategies are presented for the national system, the Eastern, Southern and Western districts, and four individual railroads. Complete documentation and user's/programmer's manuals are included for each model. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Industry structure KW - Labor agreements KW - Line capacity KW - Management KW - Management policies KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Productivity KW - Profitability KW - Quality of service KW - Quality of work KW - Railroad facility operations KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Systems analysis UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/88355 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179284 AU - Smith, A K AU - Dallas, J AU - Dynes, R AU - Stott, R AU - Samusson, L AU - Rohr Industries, Incorporated TI - PHASE IIIC--TEST & DEMONSTRATION PROTOTYPE TRACKED AIR CUSHION VEHICLE (PTACV) PY - 1977/11 SP - 215 p. AB - A six year multi-phased program for design, development and test of a prototype tracked air cushion vehicle was culminated in a six month test and demonstration under Phase IIIC. Descriptions of the various major sub-systems are presented with design and operational performance data. Technical data covering test objectives, descriptions and results are furnished on a wide variety of functional assemblies, subsystems and performance conditions. Physical characteristics were measured for accelerations, braking, aerodynamic drag, ride comfort, acoustical quality, reliability and maintainability performance. System description and proposed system applications were surveyed and presented to selected government representatives. KW - Advanced systems KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71294 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176243 AU - Nelson, J R AU - WHITTEN, H O AU - Baldwin, J R AU - Boyer, K D AU - Keeler, T E AU - Nelson (James R) AU - Whitten (Herbert O) and Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FOREIGN REGULATORY EXPERIMENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. AN ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF FOREIGN TRANSPORTATION REGULATORY EXPERIENCE PY - 1977/11 SP - 552 p. AB - The report studies industrialized countries, which have either adhered to concepts of regulation differing from those in the U.S. in the past or have transportation regulation. The report evaluates the effect on the public and on carriers-in-competition, particularly railroads, of varying regulatory policies. The countries chosen for study were: Australia, Canada, France, the German Republic, Great Britain, and Japan plus an economic grouping of countries (The European Common Market). These were specifically selected to be comparable to the U.S. in terms of urbanization, industrialization, general standard of living, principles of representative government and general acceptance of private enterprise and historical record of regulation significantly different than that of the U.S., and/or, have significantly modernized regulatory ends and means evolving competitive conditions. Each chapter report covering a single country or economic group includes, a brief historical introduction, a discussion of the development and present status of regulation (by mode), as well as the ideological, political and economic factors motivating trends in regulatory policy. KW - Australia KW - Canada KW - Cargo transportation KW - Common carriers KW - Competition KW - Economic factors KW - Europe KW - Foreign KW - France KW - Freight transportation KW - Germany KW - Government policies KW - Government regulations KW - Highway transportation KW - Inland waterways KW - Intercity transportation KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Japan KW - Motor carriers KW - National transportation policies KW - Policy KW - Railroads KW - Regulations KW - Tariffs KW - Transportation modes KW - Transportation policy KW - Trucks KW - United Kingdom KW - United States KW - Water transportation KW - Western Europe UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/70003 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179113 AU - Merriam, E W AU - Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Incorporated TI - USE OF COMPUTER SIMULATION FOR THE ANALYSIS OF RAILROAD OPERATIONS IN THE ST. LOUIS TERMINAL AREA PY - 1977/11 SP - 80 p. AB - This report discusses the computer simulation methodology, its uses and limitations, and its applicability to the analysis of alternative railroad terminal restructuring plans. Included is a detailed discussion of the AAR Simulation System, an overview of twelve other railroad simulations, and an analysis of how they or other simulation systems might aid the restructuring project being conducted by the railroads in St. Louis. Included is critical analysis of what "validation" of simulation means and what it does and does not imply. Also discussed is the meaning of the terms "network" (as in network simulation) and "levels of detail." Simulation builders and rail-roaders view these terms differently, which often results in disappointment with the results of supposedly "successful" simulation ventures. The importance of user familiarity with both the simulation system and railroad problems is stressed. A major conclusion reached is that none of the existing network simulations is suitable for detailed analysis of railroad terminal areas. Development of a simulation system incorporating a new approach for performing such analysis is within the state-of-the-art and is recommended. KW - Classification yards KW - Consolidations KW - Freight trains KW - Interchanges KW - Line relocation KW - Lines of track KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Railroad facilities KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Relocation (Facilities) KW - Routing KW - Simulation KW - St. louis terminal KW - Traffic delays KW - Train delays KW - Train operations KW - Urban areas KW - Urban railroad relocation KW - Yard operations KW - Yard simulation models UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71185 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175267 AU - Minger, W K AU - Hargrove, M B AU - Association of American Railroads Technical Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR DEMAND INFORMATION AND FORECASTING RESEARCH PROJECT. PHASE II PY - 1977/11 SP - 82 p. AB - Freight car demand information and forecasting systems have become increasingly important to the centralized car distribution procedures that have developed in the railroad industry. During Phase II, a forecasting system was developed which incorporated the recommended features from Phase I (report dated March 1975). The objective of Phase II was to test the accuracy of the recommended system in practice and to determine the feasibility of implementation. Several conclusions were reached, including: (1) Car order information, field forecasts, and loadings information can be obtained and a forecasting system developed at a relatively low cost. (2) The resulting forecasting system can forecast a composite measure of demand at an 80 to 95 percent accuracy rate on a week-to-week basis. This report documents these conclusions and others and presents the results of the various forecasting approaches developed. KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car supply (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Cargo transportation KW - Centralized control KW - Centralized traffic control KW - Cost engineering KW - Demand KW - Forecasting KW - Freight car distribution KW - Freight cars KW - Freight transportation KW - Information systems KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Train ii KW - Utilization KW - Variables UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69663 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175273 AU - Hoppe, C W AU - Hart, W M AU - Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - POTENTIAL ECONOMIES AND IMPROVEMENTS IN PERFORMANCE RESULTING FROM IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILROAD TERMINAL OPERATIONS PY - 1977/11 SP - 208 p. AB - The report presents the findings from four case studies to identify potential economies and improvements in performance that result from better terminal operations. Presented are methodologies employed to examine crew scheduling, car flow, hump yards, supporting activities, and costs. Specific findings on potential crew and car flow reductions from the four studies are used as a base point for estimating the national implications of implementation of short term, straight forward improvements. A brief examination of alternatives to railroad pickup and delivery is presented through these case studies. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Freight terminals KW - Level of service KW - Management KW - Operating strategies KW - Personnel management KW - Productivity KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Regions KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - States KW - Switching KW - Systems analysis KW - Terminal operations KW - Train crew requirements KW - Train crews KW - Utilization KW - Yard operations KW - Yard performance KW - Yard throughput UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69666 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175266 AU - Dow, A L AU - Unified Industries, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - IMPROVED PASSENGER EQUIPMENT EVALUATION PROGRAM TECHNOLOGY REVIEW. SEMIANNUAL REPORT PY - 1977/10/25 SP - 32 p. AB - The status of three foreign rail technologies is analyzed in this the first of four semiannual reports. The three technologies are tilting car body mechanisms, pantographs, and passenger train brake systems. Tilting car bodies are used to increase train speed in curves while remaining within the safety requirements of overturning moment and the established levels of passenger comfort. Systems being developed in Europe and Canada are discussed. As train speeds increase in electrified corridors, power collection becomes a problem due to uneven track and catenary undulations. Slow response time due to pantograph mass is being overcome by staged pantographs where the final element is small and thus can respond to rapid changes in distance between the car roof and catenary. Two-stage pantographs and pantographs for tilting car bodies are discussed. Increasing train speeds on existing corridors requires improved braking systems so as not to exceed present signaling installations and corridor stopping distances. New concepts of brake systems in development are discussed. KW - Active suspension systems KW - Actuators KW - Brakes KW - Braking systems KW - Canada KW - Center of gravity KW - Comfort KW - Detectors KW - Disc brakes KW - Eddy current brakes KW - Europe KW - Foreign KW - High speed rail KW - Hydraulic brakes KW - Hydraulic equipment KW - Magnetic brakes KW - Magnetic track brakes KW - Mechanics KW - Pantographs KW - Passenger car design KW - Passenger cars KW - Passenger comfort KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Safety KW - Stopping distances KW - Technology KW - Technology assessment KW - Tilting trains KW - Transmission lines KW - United States KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69662 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00168021 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ADVANCED SYSTEMS AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY PY - 1977/10/01 SP - 33 p. AB - This summary of information presented in Report FRA/ORD-77/27 traces the decade of development of unconventional high-speed ground transportation vehicles. The section on Advanced Systems discusses system engineering, tracked air cushion vehicles, tube vehicles, suspended vehicles and multimodal concepts involving passenger service. The section on Advanced Technology describes work with linear electric motors, guideways, power conditioning, controls, obstacle detection and communications. An Appendix explains current FRA advanced systems and advanced technology research programs. KW - Advanced systems KW - Communications KW - Development KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Elevated guideways KW - Guideways KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear electric motor KW - Linear motors KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Pneumatic conveyors KW - Proximity detectors KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles KW - Tube vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57239 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00188686 AU - ENSCO, Incorporated TI - TEST TRAIN PROGRAM NINTH PROGRESS REPORT PY - 1977/10 SP - 110 p. AB - This report describes progress on the Engineering and Test Support Services for Railroad Instrumentation, Data Acquisition, Processing and Evaluation Program from 1 July 1976 through 30 June 1977. The report covers operation of the FRA track geometry measurement and data acquistion fleet, track survey operations and vehicle dynamic tests on lightweight flat cars, DOD cars, passenger cars and locomotives. Also, the report describes test activities on the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing, aerodynamic validation, track structures, vehicle vibration and ride quality, trailer-on-a-flat-car combinations; and investigations of the automated wayside inspection station concept. KW - Construction scheduling KW - Data collection KW - Drag KW - Fast track KW - Freight cars KW - Information processing KW - Inspection KW - Inspection cars KW - Instrumentation KW - Locomotives KW - Measurement KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Railroad facilities KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Six axle locomotives KW - Track geometry measurement KW - Track response investigations KW - Track stiffness KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wayside UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/81337 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167348 AU - De Leuw, Cather and Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROJECT TASK 202: CONCRETE TIE COST AND PERFORMANCE FOR TRACK STRUCTURES PY - 1977/10 SP - 57 p. AB - As a result of a survey of the Northeast Corridor, it was determined that 1,100 miles of track require upgrading to meet the trip-time goals set forth in the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976. As a part of the determination of the best way to meet these requirements, two types of ties and three methods of reconditioning track were evaluated. A comparative analysis was performed on the three methods of reconditioning track: component replacement of wood-tie track with traditional spike fasteners, complete rebuilding of track with preplated wood ties and elastic fasteners, and complete rebuilding of track with concrete ties and elastic fasteners. Differences in the methods were analyzed with regard to productivity rates, cost, and performance. KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Construction projects KW - Cost engineering KW - Cost finding KW - Fasteners KW - High speed track KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance of way KW - Methodology KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Productivity KW - Rail fasteners KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rehabilitation (Maintenance) KW - Renovating KW - Track structures KW - Wood KW - Wood ties KW - Wooden cross ties UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179282 AU - KATZ, R AU - Mitre Corporation TI - TLV STATUS REPORT PY - 1977/10 SP - 142 p. AB - The worldwide status of Tracked Levitated Vehicle (TLV) technology and an assessment of its development, sponsored by the Advanced Technology Program within the Office of Research and Development in FRA, is presented here. This report along with a TLV Technology Workshop sponsored by the Office of University Research represent a continuing and coordinated effort by the Department of Transportation to keep abreast of the state of worldwide developments in this technology. The first chapter, entitled "An Overview of Worldwide Research Programs of Noncontacting Suspensions for Ground Transportation Vehicles", describes various maglev and air cushion suspension test facilities in use throughout the world. The second chapter, entitled "TLV Technology Status Report" discusses the status of the overall technology, in the judgment of MITRE/METREK. The purpose of this report is to place the worldwide research efforts in perspective as they address the outstanding technical problems as a whole. This will provide the reader with a tool for assessing target areas for future research which complement the ongoing worldwide efforts. This report uses the SI (metric) units. KW - Advanced systems KW - Development KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71292 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179124 AU - Bray, D E AU - University of Oklahoma, Norman TI - REPORT ON THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL WHEELSETS CONGRESS, TOKYO, JAPAN, 20-23 OCTOBER 1975 PY - 1977/10 SP - 17 p. AB - A summary is given for each of the thirty technical papers presented at the International Wheelsets Congress held in Tokyo, Japan, 20-23 October 1975. The papers were presented by international experts in rail research and covered a wide range of wheel/rail topics, including dynamic forces, material characteristics, stresses, failure mechanics, fatigue, maintenance and noise. KW - Adhesion KW - Axle design KW - Axle fatigue KW - Axles KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - High speed rail KW - Metallurgy KW - Noise KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroads KW - Resilient wheels KW - Roller bearings KW - Rolling contact KW - Shinkansen KW - Stresses KW - Thermal stresses KW - Vehicle design KW - Wear KW - Wheel design KW - Wheel metallurgy KW - Wheel stresses KW - Wheel thermal stresses KW - Wheels KW - Wheelsets (Railroads) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71195 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176035 AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR UTILIZATION AND RAILROAD RELIABILITY: CASE STUDIES PY - 1977/10 SP - 398 p. AB - Freight car utilization and service reliability have become increasingly important issues for the railroading industry. Rapidly rising costs of new equipment and increased interest rates have combined to force the railroads to look towards improved utilization as a means of reducing future car acquisition requirements. The report investigates the relationship between utilization and reliability through the use of a series of case studies undertaken in cooperation with 11 railroads. These studies range from analyzing a new operating strategy to analyzing the effect of a new car cleaning facility. The case study reports provide information on the problem, proposed solutions, the analysis performed, and conclusions reached. The summary draws conclusions from the case studies in the areas of performance evaluation and service design within railroad companies. Further, the summary makes several recommendations as to how railroads might obtain improved utilization and reliability. KW - Car cleaning KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Cargo transportation KW - Cleaning KW - Fleet management KW - Fleet planning KW - Freight cars KW - Freight transportation KW - Level of service KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Operating strategies KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Reliability KW - Services KW - Systems analysis KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69935 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175480 AU - Johnson, M R AU - IIT Research Institute AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY OF FREIGHT CAR TRUCK CASTINGS AND WHEELS PY - 1977/10 SP - 82 p. AB - The structural adequacy of freight car truck castings and wheels to resist fatigue damage is reviewed. The environmental load data described in an earlier report under this program and additional load data which have only recently become available are used to calculate the expected fatigue life under various assumptions of the stresses present in the components. It is found that under most conditions the components should not develop fatigue cracks. This confirms the observation that there are a relatively small number of fatigue failures of these components in service. Since failures of these components can lead to serious derailments, it is important that the circumstances leading to a higher risk of fatigue failure be identified so that under these circumstances truck components can be subjected to more frequent and stringent inspections under the railroad freight car safety standards of the FRA. The results of tests to determine the fatigue strength of wheel plates are also described. The tests showed that there is a substantial safety margin with respect to fatigue when one considers the effects of lateral loads acting on the wheel. KW - Bolsters KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Cast steel wheels KW - Casting KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue analysis KW - Fatigue life KW - Fatigue strength KW - Fatigue tests KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Frames KW - Freight car component performance KW - Freight cars KW - Lateral loads KW - Loads KW - Railroad cars KW - Reliability KW - Safety KW - Side frames KW - Standards KW - Steel KW - Steel castings KW - Structural analysis KW - Tests KW - Wheel failure KW - Wheel loads KW - Wheels KW - Wrought steel wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69744 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00169301 AU - Wong, P J AU - CONRAD, B AU - Elliott, C V AU - Johnson, J M AU - Tashker, M G AU - SRI International AU - Grand Trunk Western Railroad Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - IMPROVED RAILROAD OPERATIONS USING A RAILROAD AUTOMATED IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION SYSTEM. VOLUME 1: NEW PROCEDURES FOR MAKING TACTICAL OPERATIONS PLANNING DECISION PY - 1977/10 SP - 232 p. AB - This volume documents the new tactical operations planning procedures developed to interface with the Grand Trunk's Railroad Automation Identification and Location System (RAILS). The tactical planning procedures for dispatching and yard management are described in detail, and the results of on-line experiments are presented. (Portions of this document are not fully legible) KW - Automation KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Computer programming KW - Computer programs KW - Control systems KW - Dispatching KW - Distributing KW - Freight cars KW - Grand trunk western railroad company KW - Inventory control KW - Location KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management planning KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Position fixing KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroad yards KW - Routing KW - Scheduling KW - Simulation KW - Yard and terminal control UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57822 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00169302 AU - Tashker, M G AU - Elliott, C V AU - Hathorne, M R AU - SRI International AU - Grand Trunk Western Railroad Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - IMPROVED RAILROAD OPERATIONS USING A RAILROAD AUTOMATED IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION SYSTEM. VOLUME 2: DMP TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION PY - 1977/10 SP - 140 p. AB - This volume documents the dynamic movement predictor (DMP), a railroad simulation model designed to interface with the Grand Trunk's Railroad Automated Identification and Location System (RAILS). A set of procedures detailing how to use the model is presented, validation of the model is discussed, and the construction of the model is documented. (Portions of this document are not fully legible) KW - Automation KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Control systems KW - Dispatching KW - Distributing KW - Freight cars KW - Grand trunk western railroad company KW - Inventory control KW - Location KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management planning KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Position fixing KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroad yards KW - Routing KW - Scheduling KW - Simulation KW - Yard and terminal control UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57823 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170060 AU - BAKER, L AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER-BASED MODELS APPLICABLE TO FREIGHT CAR UTILIZATION PY - 1977/10 SP - 96 p. AB - This report documents a study performed to identify and analyze twenty-two of the important computer-based models of railroad operations. The models are divided into three categories: network simulations, yard simulations, and network optimizations. The simulations are used to assess the impact of certain operating policies and planning procedures. The network simulations examine system-wide effects, while the yard simulations focus on the operations performed within a single yard. Network optimizations typically are used to calculate optimal distribution for a rail system's empty freight cars based on the railroad's car distribution rules and goals. The description of each model includes its history, design approach, fundamental logic, unusual features, hardware and software specifications, and its extent of application. In the case of a model's implementation on a rail system, attempts were made to obtain test results and evaluations. This served as a basis for reviewing each model. KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Consolidations KW - Layout KW - Line relocation KW - Lines of track KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Railroad yards KW - Relocation (Facilities) KW - Scheduling KW - Simulation KW - Yard layout planning KW - Yard operations KW - Yard simulation models UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58063 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170059 AU - Oiesen, J F AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - THE RAILROAD PERFORMANCE MODEL PY - 1977/10 SP - 312 p. AB - This report describes an operational, though preliminary, version of the Railroad Performance Model, which is a computer simulation model of the nation's railroad system. The ultimate purpose of this model is to predict the effect of changes in government or industry policies on the performance of the railroads. This model simulates the history of individual cars and individual loads of freight; and it explicitly incorporates a number of decisions made by government, railroads, and shippers. This model includes phenomena such as freight car shortages and surplused, interlining, per diem rates, car service rules, the demurrage system, routing of cars, and the allocation of home and foreign empty cars. KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car service rules KW - Car shortage KW - Car shortages (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Contract rates KW - Demurrage KW - Government regulations KW - Industry structure KW - Management KW - Management policies KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Per diem KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Regulations KW - Routing KW - Simulation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58062 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00168101 AU - Jordan, L AU - Crutchfield, G AU - Wright, D G AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - STANDARDIZED COMMODITY TRANSPORTATION SURVEY (CTS) DATA BASE: USER'S MANUAL PY - 1977/10 SP - 67 p. AB - This document describes the development, content, and application of a computer based standardized commodity transportation data base which has been established for governmental and general public use. The scope of the data base is presently restricted to primary shipments of manufactured goods from producing plants, as included in the public use files and other special computer tapes published by the Bureau of the Census from its Commodity Transportation Surveys of 1963, 1967, and 1972. These data have been adjusted for differences in units of reporting, certain changes in commodity classification, and in totals for certain commodities that were reported by the Census Bureau after publication of the public use files. To provide rapidity and flexibility of information retrieval, the data have been stored in a computer based data management system which can be accessed by the public. The system includes several utility user routines which can provide a range of detailed and summary tabulations of retrieved data. KW - Commodities KW - Commodity statistics KW - Competition KW - Computer programs KW - Forecasting KW - Freight traffic KW - Industries KW - Information processing KW - Information storage and retrieval systems KW - Origin and destination KW - Statistics KW - Time sharing KW - Traffic density KW - Traffic forecasting KW - Transportation modes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57291 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00175539 AU - De Leuw, Cather and Company AU - Klauder (Louis T) and Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROJECT TASK 204: ELECTRIC MULTIPLE-UNIT CAR AND LOCOMOTIVE CONVERSION FOR DUAL-VOLTAGE, DUAL-FREQUENCY OPERATION PY - 1977/09 SP - 287 p. AB - The report covers engineering requirements of converting electric MU cars and locomotives operating on the Northeast Corridor for dual-voltage, dual-frequency operation during and after rehabilitation of the electrification system for 25 kV, 60 Hz power. Technical considerations included compatibility of vehicles with electrified system; apparatus required on the vehicles for operation of 25 kV, 60 Hz, including pantograph, potential transformer, vacuum interrupter, high-voltage fuse, lighting arrester, primary-current transformer, main transformer and high-voltage conduit, cable, cable-support insulators, connectors, and terminator; modification of all power systems for frequency desensitivity; battery-sustained interior lighting; cab signal modifications; rehabilitation of old equipment; and testing requirements. KW - Cab signals KW - Cables KW - Circuit breakers KW - Dual powered locomotives KW - Dual voltage locomotives KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric multiple unit cars KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Pantographs KW - Railroad electrification KW - Transformers KW - Voltage regulation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69787 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167399 AU - Raab, F H AU - Brooker, M C AU - Ryan, T E AU - Waechter, J R AU - Cincinnati Electronics Corporation AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR RAILROAD-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSING MOTORIST WARNING SYSTEMS. VOLUME I. OVERVIEW AND CONCEPT GENERATION AND ANALYSIS PY - 1977/09 SP - 209 p. AB - The document includes a general review of innovative conceptual and technical approaches to train-activated motorist warning systems for use at railroad-highway grade crossings, and also contains a specific report describing a study directed toward the generation, analysis and evaluation of innovative concepts. The review includes a discussion of communication-link systems, radar train detection, locomotive-mounted transmitters and several other concepts. The basic application constraints of safety, reliability, resistance to serve environments and low cost are used as the basis for evaluating the merits of the alternative concepts. The special study reported here explores the communication-link concept in detail, with particular emphasis on train-detection techniques. The use of microprocessor technology is advocated, along with substantial changes in motorist warnings. KW - Analysis KW - Audio frequency track circuits KW - Central processing units KW - Central processing units (Computers) KW - Communications KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Detectors KW - Fail safe systems KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Highways KW - Human factors KW - Instruments for measuring speed or velocity KW - Intersections KW - Radar KW - Radar detection KW - Radar detectors KW - Radio transmitters KW - Railroads KW - Reliability KW - Safety KW - Speed measuring devices KW - Telecommunications KW - Track circuits KW - Traffic safety KW - Traffic signals KW - Visual warning systems KW - Warning devices KW - Warning signs KW - Warning systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56819 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182124 AU - Paul, B AU - Hashemi, J AU - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - USER'S MANUAL FOR PROGRAM COUNTACT. (COUNTERFORMAL CONTACT STRESS PROBLEMS) PY - 1977/09 SP - 37 p. AB - COUNTACT (Counterformal Contact of Two Elastic Bodies) is an all Fortran computer program for the solution of stress analysis between two elastic bodies in counterformal contact. It is used to find the pressure distribution between the two bodies, the boundary of contact patch, and the total load corresponding to a given depth of penetration. The program COUNTACT has two versions: COUNTACT-1 for those bodies with a contact patch having one axis of symmetry, and COUNTACT-2 for those bodies whose contact patch has two axes of symmetry. Descriptions of the program variables, input, output, and method of analysis are given. Instructions for problem modelling, preparation of input data, and solutions of sample problems, are included. The general approach to writing a user-supplied subroutine required by the program is discussed. KW - Bearing stress KW - Bearings KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Computer programming KW - Computer programs KW - Elasticity (Mechanics) KW - Force KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Live loads KW - Needs assessment KW - Pressure KW - Pressure distribution KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail stress KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rolling contact KW - Rolling friction KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - User needs KW - Wheel stresses KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/75726 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00197596 AU - Kesler, K AU - Yang, T L AU - ENSCO, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SDP-40F/E-8 LOCOMOTIVES. TEST RESULTS REPORT. DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE TESTING. VOLUME I PY - 1977/09 SP - 44 p. AB - This volume covers a test on the Chessie System to collect as much data as possible on parameters suspected of causing SDP-40F derailments. A baseline locomotive, the E-8, considered a stable performer by professional railroad personnel was introduced into the tests for comparison purposes. Also, the SDP-40F was modified to simulate various stages of wear and states of maintenance, and tested after these modifications for comparison with tests run on a locomotive in "like-new" condition. KW - Amtrak KW - Crash investigation KW - Data collection KW - Derailments KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic tests KW - Instrumentation KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotives KW - Probability theory KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rolling contact KW - Six axle locomotives KW - Surveying KW - Surveying KW - Test trains KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/88744 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00197597 AU - Kesler, K AU - Yang, T L AU - ENSCO, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SDP-40F/E-8 LOCOMOTIVES. TEST RESULTS REPORT. DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE TESTING. VOLUME II PY - 1977/09 SP - 173 p. AB - This volume is a series of five appendices covering details of the Chessie System Test. These are: Appendix A - SDP-40F Consist Instrumentation (AAR); Appendix B - E-8 Consist Instrumentation (ENSCO, Inc.); Appendix C - Trackside Measurements of Wheel/Rail Forces (Battelle Columbus Laboratories); Appendix D - Locomotive Wheelset Instrumentation and Calibration (HITEC Corporation); and, Appendix E - Probabilistic Analysis for Locomotive Derailment (J H Wiggins Company). KW - Amtrak KW - Crash investigation KW - Crash risk forecasting KW - Data collection KW - Derailments KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic tests KW - Instrumentation KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotives KW - Probability theory KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Risk assessment KW - Rolling contact KW - Six axle locomotives KW - Surveying KW - Surveying KW - Test trains KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/88745 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167377 AU - Kaiser, W D AU - Byers, R H AU - Ensminger, D AU - MEACHAM, H C AU - Flora, J H AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - RAIL INSPECTION SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND TECHNOLOGY SURVEY PY - 1977/09 SP - 229 p. AB - The study was undertaken to identify existing rail inspection system capabilities and methods which might be used to improve these capabilities. Task I was a study to quantify existing inspection parameters and Task II was a cost effectiveness study to utilize the results of Task I in defining the total costs incurred in inspecting and replacing rail and in defining the most cost effective inspection system. Some of the major findings from these studies were that the practices of stopping for hand check and to mark flaws and of manually processing all data were the major factors presently limiting inspection speeds. It was concluded that use of automatic data processing and elimination of the stops would allow speeds to be increased to about 25 mph (40 kmph) and inspection costs would be reduced by about a factor of 2. It was also concluded that with extensive transducer and carriage development, speeds up to 50 mph (80 kmph) were feasible and would further reduce inspection costs from 0 up to a maximum of about 30 percent depending upon usage. A recommendation was made to develop an inspection vehicle with an ultimate speed capability of 50 mph (80 kmph) or higher. KW - Analysis KW - Cost analysis KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Costs KW - Data collection KW - Defects KW - Detection and identification KW - Electromagnetic devices KW - High speed vehicles KW - Information processing KW - Inspection KW - Magnetic inspection KW - Magnetic materials KW - Magnetic tests KW - Materials tests KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaw detection KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ultrasonic tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56802 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167400 AU - Peterson, D D AU - Boyer, D S AU - Tracor Jitco, Incorporated AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - INNOVATIVE CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR RAILROAD-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSING MOTORIST WARNING SYSTEMS. VOLUME II. THE GENERATION AND ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE CONCEPTS PY - 1977/09 SP - 98 p. AB - The report describes the results of a study directed toward the generation, analysis and evaluation of innovative conceptual and technical approaches to train-activated motorist warning systems for use at railroad-highway grade crossings. Particular attention is given to the use of the track as a transmission line in a guided reflection (radar-like) technique operating at audio frequencies. Attention is also given to improve special road surfaces in advance of the crossing, and to optically programmed traffic lights. KW - Audio frequency KW - Audio frequency track circuits KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Highways KW - Intersections KW - Lenses (Optics) KW - Optical lenses KW - Radar detection KW - Radar detectors KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Roughness KW - Safety KW - Track circuits KW - Traffic safety KW - Traffic signals KW - Visual warning systems KW - Warning devices KW - Warning signs KW - Warning systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56820 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167397 AU - Hopkins, J B AU - Newfell, A T AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROADS AND THE ENVIRONMENT: ESTIMATION OF FUEL CONSUMPTION IN RAIL TRANSPORTATION. VOLUME II. FREIGHT SERVICE MEASUREMENTS PY - 1977/09 SP - 46 p. AB - Fuel consumption measurements have been carried out in cooperation with several railroads for a variety of types of revenue freight service. Intermodal operations have been emphasized, but this report also includes studies relating to branchline and general freight movements. The wide range of operating parameters examined includes train speed, weight, length, type, power-to-weight ratio, and terrain. In particular, this report describes the test conditions, operating parameters and fuel usage indices for 80 separate line-haul movements on six different railroads, covering 53,000 train miles. Trailer-On-Flatcar (TOFC) service predominates, but several manifest freights, two unit coal trains, and two COFC trains are included. Branchline service is also reported and analysed for six 174-mile round trips. KW - Branch lines KW - Cargo transportation KW - Consumption KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Energy consumption KW - Energy requirements KW - Freight trains KW - Freight transportation KW - Fuel consumption KW - Level of service KW - Line haul KW - Measurement KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Services KW - Tests KW - Unit trains UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56818 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00183312 AU - Association of American Railroads Research Center TI - PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES FOR INDUCTIVE CO-ORDINATION OF ELECTRIC SUPPLY AND RAILROAD COMMUNICATION/SIGNAL SYSTEMS PY - 1977/09 SP - 11 p. AB - Summarizes information on practical procedures concerning inductive co-ordination between the electric power and railroad industries. It also contains methods for calculating induced voltages. Includes bibliography. KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Inductive interference KW - Public utilities KW - Signal systems KW - Telecommunications KW - Traffic signal control systems KW - Transmission lines KW - Utilities UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76351 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00117495 AU - Hulbert, S AU - Wheeler, J AU - Dompe, R AU - Witham, C AU - Csanky, L AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION - CONCEPT 1. VOLUME III. ESTIMATED COSTS PY - 1977/09 SP - 37 p. AB - Volume III describes the concept definition for a Research Locomotive and Train Handling Evaluator. Volume III presents cost estimates for designing, constructing and installing the Research Evaluator. Support facilities and buildings alongwith appropriate staffing are described but not costed. The Research Evaluator concept provides for growth from a basic facility to the full facility ultimately needed to carry out the FRA research program. Cost estimates are presented for both the basic, entry level facility and the ultimate facility. KW - Control KW - Control simulators KW - Cost estimating KW - Crash investigation KW - Dynamics KW - Estimates KW - Human factors KW - Human factors engineering KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotives KW - Railroad simulators KW - Railroad trades KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroad transportation KW - Research management KW - Safety engineering KW - Simulation KW - Test facilities KW - Train operations KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/27622 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170070 AU - Turpin Systems Company AU - Grumman Aerospace Corp. AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION--CONCEPT 2. VOLUME II--ESTIMATED COSTS PY - 1977/09 SP - 29 p. AB - This report contains the cost estimated for a Research Locomotive and Train Handling Evaluator. The costs contained herein are given in summary form and also broken out according to major components of the Evaluator. Major item material lists are included for each major Evaluator composit. KW - Cost estimating KW - Estimates KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Railroad simulators KW - Simulation KW - Specifications KW - Train operations KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58072 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170072 AU - Hay, W W AU - Baugher, R AU - Reinschmidt, A J AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Association of American Railroads Technical Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - A STUDY OF RAILROAD BALLAST ECONOMICS PY - 1977/09 SP - 100 p. AB - This report presents the results of Phase V--Economic Evaluation of the Ballast and Foundation Materials Research Program. The present "State of the Art" in the ballast costing area is discussed. The individual ballast costs are quantified to the extent possible using the data base compiled from the literature review and from replies to a survey received from 70 U. S. and Canadian Railroads. A discussion of the differences in ballast performance is presented. An equation to compute the additional cost justified to place a ballast of superior stability is formulated. It has been possible to quantify many of the costs associated with ballasting procedures; however, due to the wide diversity in operating conditions, procedures, gang organization, financial conditions and climatic factors, these costs vary greatly from railroad to railroad since many railroads do not take into account all costs in their costing exercises. The cost derived in this study can be used as an input to a general model for ballast selection. KW - Aggregates KW - Analysis KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast cleaning KW - Ballast quality KW - Ballast stiffness KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Maintenance of way KW - Railroad tracks KW - Stiffness KW - Subgrade (Pavements) UR - http://www.fra.dot.gov/Elib/Document/16667 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58074 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170068 AU - Hulbert, S AU - Wheeler, J AU - Dompe, R AU - Witham, C AU - Csanky, L AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION--CONCEPT 1. VOLUME II--DETAILED SYSTEM STUDIES PY - 1977/09 SP - 258 p. AB - Performance specifications for a train handling and locomotive research evaluator are set forth in Volume I. These are based upon a study of design concept trade-offs to create a research facility capable of eliciting realistic behavior from railroad train operators. Results of these studies are presented in Volume II along with examples of research programs that could be carried out. Initial cost, operating staff and costs, buildings and utilities test subject logistics and downstream improvements are included in Volume III. The overall research needs that can be met uniquely by such a research evaluator facility are presented along with a schedule for design, procurement, delivery and installation of such a simulator. KW - Development KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Railroad simulators KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Simulation KW - Specifications KW - Train operations KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58070 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170069 AU - Turpin Systems Company AU - Grumman Aerospace Corp. AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR--CONCEPT 2. VOLUME I--SPECIFICATIONS PY - 1977/09 SP - 49 p. AB - This report contains the specification for a Research Locomotive and Train Handling Evaluator. Incorporated in this report are the definitions of the terminology of the various phases used for Project Implementation, Milestone Schedules, Management Control and Documentation necessary for the successful completion of the defined task. A functional description of the Evaluator is provided. This description is broken down into the ten major subsystems. The greater portion of this report is dedicated to the Detailed Performance Requirements. In this portion of the report all of the major systems and each subsystem thereof is described in detail. The discussion in this portion of the report clearly defines the capability requirements necessary to perform the tasks that were identified in Report No. FRA/ORD-77/55. KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Performance based specifications KW - Performance specifications KW - Railroad simulators KW - Simulation KW - Specifications KW - Train operations KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58071 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170061 AU - Kish A AU - McConnell, D P AU - McCafferty, R M AU - Moody, H G AU - Sluz, A AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - TRACK STRUCTURES PERFORMANCE-COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SPECIFIC SYSTEMS AND COMPONENT PERFORMANCE PY - 1977/09 SP - 150 p. AB - This report presents analyses of data, up to 50 million gross tons of traffic, from the Facility for Accelerated Service Testing (FAST). These analyses include concrete and wood tie track system performance and component performance, rail wear comparisons, ballast depth and type performance, ballast shoulder width, and subgrade performance. In addition, there is a summary of general FAST results to date which includes coments on the major maintenance performed on special trackwork and other sections of the track not specifically addressed in the main chapters of the report. Also, some of the information contained in this report was derived from data from other sources such as the Velim test track in Czechoslovakia. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast depth KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Fast facility KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail fasteners KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Service life KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Test tracks KW - Track structures KW - Transportation Technology Center KW - Wear KW - Wood ties KW - Wooden cross ties UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58064 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170071 AU - Hay, W W AU - Peterson, H C AU - PLOTKIN, D E AU - Bakas, P T AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Association of American Railroads Technical Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - LATERAL STABILITY OF BALLAST--BALLAST AND FOUNDATION MATERIALS RESEARCH PROGRAM PY - 1977/09 SP - 54 p. AB - This report presents the results of the lateral stability study of the Ballast and Foundation Materials Research Program. Full-scale lateral stability tests were conducted with a 2-rail, 3-tie system using slag, crushed limestone, and gravel as ballast. Various parameters including Peak Resisting Force and Displacement at Peak Resistance were chosen as possible measures of lateral stability. The results of the study indicate that the differences in the lateral stability behavior of the three ballasts tested is not significant. Also, the results indicate a peak L/V (lateral resistance/vertical force) ratio of about 0.8. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast mechanics KW - Gravel KW - Lateral stability KW - Limestone KW - Mechanical properties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Slag KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Test facilities KW - Track stability KW - Track structures UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58073 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170067 AU - Hulbert, S AU - Wheeler, J AU - Dompe, R AU - Witham, C AU - Csanky, L AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION--CONCEPT 1. VOLUME I--EVALUATOR PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION PY - 1977/09 SP - 86 p. AB - Performance specifications for a train handling and locomotive research evaluator are set forth in Volume I. These are based upon a study of design concept trade-offs to create a research facility capable of eliciting realistic behavior from railroad train operators. Results of these studies are presented in Volume II along with examples of research programs that could be carried out. Initial cost, operating staff and costs, buildings and utilities test subject logistics and downstream improvements are included in Volume III. The overall research needs that can be met uniquely by such a research evaluator facility are presented along with a schedule for design, procurement, delivery and installation of such a simulator. KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Performance based specifications KW - Performance specifications KW - Railroad simulators KW - Simulation KW - Specifications KW - Train operations KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58069 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00310850 AU - Basu, P K AU - Rossow, M P AU - Szabo, B A AU - Washington University, St Louis AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THEORETICAL MANUAL AND USERS' GUIDE FOR COMET-X PY - 1977/08 SP - 124 p. AB - COMET-X is the experimental prototype of an advanced finite element software system. The distinguishing feature of COMET-X is that the user controls the order of polynomial approximation over each finite element, as well as the number and distribution of finite elements. This provides for very efficient and accurate approximation procedures. The present capabilities of COMET-X include the following: linear elastic analysis of plates under plane stress (or strain) and flexure. The plate may be isotropic or orthotropic (simple or multi-layer). In the case of plane stress or strain problems, the plate may be stiffened by prismatic or tapered members. For example, the program was used to carry out detailed stress analysis for a box car body bolster. In addition, COMET-X is well-suited for the computation of stress intensity factors in linear elastic fracture mechanics. In all of the computational tests conducted so far, COMET-X has been found to be superior in accuracy and efficiency to existing finite element software systems. KW - Body bolsters KW - Computer programs KW - Finite element method KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Freight car design KW - Freight cars KW - Ibm 360 KW - Structural analysis KW - Vehicle design KW - Weldments UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/149469 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00308264 AU - Basu, P K AU - Rossow, M P AU - Szabo, B A AU - Washington University, St Louis AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THEORETICAL MANUAL AND USERS' GUIDE FOR COMET-X PY - 1977/08 SP - 124 p. AB - COMET-X is the experimental prototype of an advanced finite element software system. The distinguishing feature of COMET-X is that the user controls the order of polynomial approximation over each finite element, as well as the number and distribution of finite elements. This provides for very efficient and accurate approximation procedures. The present capabilities of COMET-X include the following: linear elastic analysis of plates under plane stress (or strain) and flexure. The plate may be isotropic or orthotropic (simple or multi-layer). In the case of plane stress or strain problems, the plate may be stiffened by prismatic or tapered members. For example, the program was used to carry out detailed stress analysis for a box car body bolster. In addition, COMET-X is well-suited for the computation of stress intensity factors in linear elastic fracture mechanics. In all of the computational tests conducted so far, COMET-X has been found to be superior in accuracy and efficiency to existing finite element software systems. KW - Computer programs KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Finite element method KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Freight car design KW - Freight cars KW - Ibm 360 KW - Stress concentration KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Vehicle design KW - Weldments UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/144786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00191687 AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Highway Administration AU - National Transportation Safety Board TI - PROCEEDINGS 1977 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RAILROAD-HIGHWAY CROSSING SAFETY HELD AT SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH ON AUGUST 23-25, 1977 PY - 1977/08 SP - 134 p. AB - The objective of the conference was to promote implementation of grade crossing safety improvement projects authorized by Federal, state, and railroad industry programs. The following topics were discussed: Crossing needs--Bi-modal safety and efficiency; Evaluation of current programs (Strengths and weaknesses of the grade crossing safety program, Labor, media and education roles in crossing programs); Highway grade crossing safety programs, establishing new priorities; Administration of grade crossing programs; New directions (Research projects, Role of the railroad signal department, and Crossing warning systems and surfaces and their proper application). KW - At grade intersections KW - Federal government KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Grade crossing safety KW - Highways KW - Justification KW - Labor relations KW - Mass media KW - Meetings KW - Prevention KW - Problem solving KW - Public relations KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Railroad signals KW - Railroads KW - Research management KW - Safety KW - Safety education KW - Traffic safety KW - Warning devices KW - Warning systems KW - Workshops UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82903 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167379 AU - Vrabel, J D AU - Sussman, E D AU - Ofsevit, D AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM TO DISPLAY AND RECORD SLACK ACTION IN FREIGHT TRAINS PY - 1977/08 SP - 62 p. AB - This report summarizes the development of a system which senses, displays and records the slack action or inter-car movement in freight trains. The system, called the Draft-Buff Indicator (DBI), was developed to serve as a train-handling aid. It provides the user (railroad training officer, accident investigator or locomotive engineer) with a real-time display of the draft-buff distribution within a moving train and also provides a record of the information for later analysis. The report discusses the development of the sensors, transmitters, receivers and display which make up the system, as well as alternative versions of the system which were considered and rejected for various reasons. The report also discusses the various applications of the system in revenue service and in accident analysis up to the time of publication. KW - Crash investigation KW - Data collection KW - Detectors KW - Freight trains KW - Information display systems KW - Instrumentation KW - Interaction KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Monitoring KW - Motion KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad trains KW - Sensors KW - Slack action KW - Tension KW - Train operations KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56804 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179289 AU - Macie, T W AU - Jet Propulsion Laboratory TI - SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORLD LITERATURE ON ELECTRIC TRACTION FOR RAILROADS, 1970-1976 PY - 1977/08 SP - 146 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Adhesion KW - Advanced systems KW - Bibliographies KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric power KW - Electrical systems KW - Europe KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Japan KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) KW - Propulsion KW - Railroad electrification KW - Railroad trains KW - Resistance (Mechanics) KW - Specifications KW - Standards KW - Technology KW - Train resistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71295 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00174376 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DRAFT PROGRAMMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT: NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM PY - 1977/08 SP - 624 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Environmental impacts KW - High speed track KW - Maintenance of way KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/69377 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170064 AU - REINER, I A AU - Chessie System TI - LATERAL RESISTANCE OF RAILROAD TRACK PY - 1977/08 SP - 124 p. AB - Within the broader scope of research activities dealing with lateral track resistance sponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration, The Sabot test carried out by Chessie on its main line track furnishes specific data on the variability of lateral track resistance. Track panels were constructed with all new wood ties, old and new wood ties and new concrete ties for lateral load testing under various degrees of ballast settlements such as freshly tamped, mechanically compacted and trafficked. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast crib KW - Ballast depth KW - Compaction KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Lateral stability KW - Measuring instruments KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Soil compaction KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Track response investigations KW - Track stability KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wood ties KW - Wooden cross ties UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58066 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170066 AU - Turpin Systems Company AU - Grumman Aerospace Corp. AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION-CONCEPT 2 PY - 1977/08 SP - 574 p. AB - This report analyzes the technical and research requirements of an evaluator to evaluate human factors involved in railroad train handling. North American and British accident statistics are reviewed to determine how human actions relate to train accidents. From these statistics evaluator experiments are defined which will produce data that will be useful in making train operations more safe. An investigation is made of modern simulation technology to establish the level of operational realism that can be provided in a evaluator to support the defined experimental research. Where multiple technical approaches were found to a given evaluator requirement a summary trade-off report is made. It was found that present art will permit the construction of an evaluator to perform extensive research into human factors related to train handling practices. Research goals are divided into three areas of evaluator testing: basic research into train handling techniques, evaluation of train handling practices, displays and controls, and investigations of train accidents. KW - Cost estimating KW - Development KW - Estimates KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Railroad simulators KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - Train operations KW - Training simulators KW - Transportation Technology Center UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58068 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170065 AU - Hulbert, S AU - Wheeler, J AU - Dompe, R AU - Witham, C AU - Csanky, L AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION-CONCEPT 1 PY - 1977/08 SP - 260 p. AB - Describes results of simulator design concept tradeoffs to create a research facility capable of eliciting realistic behavior from railroad train operators. Examples of research programs that could be carried out are presented. Initial cost, operating staff and costs, buildings and utilities test subject logistics and downstream improvements are included. The overall research needs that can be met uniquely by such a research simulator facility are presented along with a schedule for design, procurement, delivery and installation of such a simulator at the Pueblo, Colorado FRA Research Center. KW - Cost estimating KW - Development KW - Estimates KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Railroad simulators KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - Train operations KW - Training simulators KW - Transportation Technology Center UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58067 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00168985 AU - Elliott, D G AU - Jet Propulsion Laboratory AU - National Aeronautics and Space Administration AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL REACTION RAIL CURRENTS, RAIL VOLTAGES, AND AIRGAP FIELDS FOR THE LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR RESEARCH VEHICLE PY - 1977/07 SP - 84 p. AB - Measurements of reaction rail currents, reaction rail voltages, and airgap magnetic fields in tests of the Linear Induction Motor Research Vehicle (LIMRV) were compared with theoretical calculations from the mesh/matrix theory. It was found that the rail currents and magnetic fields predicted by the theory are within 20 percent of the measured currents and fields at most motor locations in most of the runs, but differ by as much as a factor of two in some cases. The most consistent difference is a higher experimental than theoretical magnetic field near the entrance of the motor, and a lower experimental than theoretical magnetic field near the exit. The observed differences between the theoretical and experimental magnetic fields and currents do not account for the differences of as much as 26 percent between the theoretical and experimental thrusts. (Color illustrations reproduced in black and white) KW - Advanced systems KW - Electric current KW - Electric power KW - Electric railroads KW - Electrical potential KW - Electrical systems KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Induction motors KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear electric motor KW - Linear induction motors KW - Linear motors KW - Measurement KW - Propulsion KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railroads KW - Reaction rails UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57704 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00186076 AU - Paul, B AU - Hashemi, J AU - University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - AN IMPROVED NUMERICAL METHOD FOR COUNTERFORMAL CONTACT STRESS PROBLEMS. TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 3 PY - 1977/07 SP - 66 p. AB - A numerical method is given for the solution of frictionless counterformal contact stress problems. By modifying the previously described simply-discretized method, and by introducing an automatic mesh generating procedure for the changing contact region, it has been possible to make major improvements in the generality, stability, accuracy, and efficiency of the numerical procedures. The method has been verified by comparison with known solutions for the Hertzian case. Numerical examples for non-Hertzian cases include the first known solution for non-Hertzian contact of a railroad wheel and rail. The mesh generation and boundary iteration procedure introduced is applicable to a wider class of problems with changing boundaries, such as determination of wheel-rail adhesion-slip boundary, determination of elastic-plastic interfaces for residual stress problems, etc. KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Computer programs KW - Elasticity (Mechanics) KW - Force KW - FORTRAN (Computer program language) KW - Integral equations KW - Interaction KW - Live loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail stress KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rolling contact KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Wheel stresses KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/77759 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167282 AU - Hauser, D AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Department of Defense TI - METHODS FOR JOINING OF RAILS: SURVEY REPORT PY - 1977/07 SP - 164 p. AB - The performance of track structures depends greatly on the integrity of the connections between rail sections. Because the majority of service and detected rail failures occur at joints, particularly conventional bolted joints, this survey was conducted to review existing practices, examine potential joining methods, and identify promising new methods and modifications of joining methods that can provide improved rail performance and lower fabrication cost. Methods for joining rails in the field as well as in plants by both metallurgical methods (welding and brazing processes) and nonmetallurgical methods (mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding) are reviewed. Joining procedures, inspection methods, laboratory and in-track performance, failure modes, adaptability to shop and field fabrication, personnel skills required, and costs are discussed. Joining methods that warrant additional development are identified and developmental efforts are outlined. KW - Adhesion KW - Adhesives KW - Bolted joints KW - Bolting KW - Bolts KW - Bonded joints KW - Brazing KW - Butt welds KW - Development KW - Electric arc welding KW - Electron beam welding KW - Flash welding KW - Friction welding KW - Gas welding KW - Inspection KW - Joining KW - Jointed track KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Laser welding KW - Lasers KW - Performance KW - Pressure welding KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail joints KW - Rail welding KW - Railroad tracks KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Surveys KW - Thermit welding KW - Track inspection KW - Track response investigations KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Welded joints KW - Welding KW - Welds UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56747 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00163785 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - 13TH ANNUAL RAILROAD ENGINEERING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS: "RAILROAD CHALLENGES IN AMERICS'S THIRD CENTURY--IMPROVED RELIABILITY AND SAFETY" PY - 1977/07 SP - 152 p. AB - This report constitutes the proceedings of a two-day railroad engineering conference held at Pueblo, Colorado on October 12 and 13, 1976. The conference theme was the reliability and safety aspects of railroad operations. Technical papers were presented during three sessions relating to the following topics: operations/crew, track maintenance, and train and equipment. A visit to the DOT's Transportation Test Center was included in the conference program for the observation of test operations at the newly completed Facility for Accelerated Service Testing (FAST). KW - Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Couplers KW - Crash causes KW - Defects KW - Design KW - Detection and identification KW - Electronic components KW - Freight car design KW - Freight cars KW - Inspection KW - Locomotive cab design KW - Locomotives KW - Louisville & Nashville Railroad KW - Maintenance of way KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaw detection KW - Railroad simulators KW - Railroad tracks KW - Safety KW - Signaling KW - Southern Pacific Railroad KW - Track inspection KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/54949 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00179290 AU - Shum, K L AU - Willis, T AU - Illinois Institute of Technology TI - A MATHEMATICAL-COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF A FREIGHT ELEMENT IN A RAILROAD FREIGHT CAR. INTERIM TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 3 PY - 1977/07 SP - 130 p. AB - This research studies the dynamic response of a freight element, inside a typical freight box car under service conditions, by a computer-model simulation technique. A 27 degree of freedom mathematical model has been developed to represent the freight car, truck and freight element, with the car body as a single rigid mass. This model has been validated against published railroad research data. This model is a more detailed one than most previously published simulations, and has additional characteristics. One is the option of modeling dry friction dampers by either Coulomb friction or equivalent viscous damping. A second improvement is the facility to express the response of the system in either time or frequency domain. The computer simulation shows that the critical roll mode speed of a representative 70-ton box car is around 17.5 mph. The maximum car body roll angle is 11.4 degrees peak to peak, the maximum wheel load is 69,000 lb/wheel, and wheel lift durations are 0.2-0.4 sec. For a specific freight element near the roof maximum lateral accelerations of 1.5 g peak to peak at 0.64 Hz were calculated. At 50 mph, this value becomes 0.2 g at 2 Hz. Vertical acceleration of 0.1 g at 1.25 Hz is computed for freight near the car body center of gravity at 50 mph. The mathematical model can be used for parametric studies on designs of the car body and truck. Cushioning requirements for freight/package systems subjected to vibrations inside a freight car can also be established. KW - Box cars KW - Dynamics KW - Impact protection KW - Lading protection KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Occupant protection devices KW - Packaging KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vertical dynamics KW - Vibration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71296 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00169278 AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MISSOURI PACIFIC'S COMPUTERIZED FREIGHT CAR SCHEDULING SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS PY - 1977/07 SP - 149 p. AB - This report describes the design and planned operation of the Missouri Pacific car scheduling system. The design is based on a car scheduling prototype effort. The car scheduling programs actually implemented may vary somewhat from this design as user requirements and system limitations are more fully defined in detailed functional specifications. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Freight cars KW - Freight trains KW - Information processing KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management planning KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Operating strategies KW - Planning KW - Quality of service KW - Report generators KW - Reporting KW - Reports KW - Routing KW - Scheduling UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57803 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00168932 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - CARLOAD WAYBILL STATISTICS. BASED ON A SAMPLE OF WAYBILLS FOR TERMINATIONS IN THE YEAR 1976. TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION, TRAFFIC AND REVENUE BY COMMODITY CLASSES PY - 1977/07 SP - 250 p. AB - The statistics have been compiled from a sample of audited revenue waybills submitted to the FRA by 76 railroads. The data regarding territorial distribution of railroad carload terminations have been compiled since 1972 utilizing a computer based Waybill Information Processing System (WIPS) developed under the direction of the Federal Railroad Administration. The statistics tabulated for 1976 were derived from a total of 136,153 waybills, 44,065 EM-5 documents and 882 multiple car statement documents resulting in 202,924 carloads. The waybill sample includes import, export, transit, rebilled, and piggyback (TOFC-trailer-on-flat-car) traffic. Excluded are shipments weighing less than 10,000 pounds and moving on less than carload rate or any quantity rates, and traffic originating or terminating in Mexico and Canada. KW - Cargo transportation KW - Carloadings KW - Commodities KW - Commodity statistics KW - Computer programming KW - Economic conditions KW - Economic surveys KW - Exports KW - Freight transportation KW - Imports KW - Origin and destination KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regions KW - Revenues KW - Statistics KW - Traffic KW - United States KW - Waybills UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57667 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163794 AU - Klinke, W R AU - Swenson, C A AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRACKING & RIDE PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRO-MOTIVE 6-AXLE LOCOMOTIVES PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 106-118 AB - The three-axle truck has been investigated to determine correlation between ride quality and derailment tendency. The tests, instrumentation and interpretation of results are described. The SDP40F was tested on marginal track, in situations where truck hunting can occur, and where it could be compared with two-axle locomotive and freight car trucks heavily loaded. It was concluded that more documentation is needed for the load levels which different North American track structures can safely accommodate in terms of short-duration and cumulative loadings. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Derailments KW - Lateral loads KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotives KW - Overturning KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail overturning KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Rolling contact KW - Standards KW - Steering KW - Three axle trucks KW - Track standards KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59232 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163787 AU - Boyd, R K AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE SAFETY OF ELECTRONICS IN RAILROAD CONTROL SYSTEMS PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 7-15 AB - Ever-increasing demands for increased safety and efficiency in railroad operations has caused the designers of railroad control systems to consider ever more seriously the use of electronic parts and sub-systems in formulating control systems to satisfy these demands. This paper reviews the evolution of railroad control systems, identifies the major design principles upon which they have been based, and addresses the applicability of these principles to underpin electronic control systems having acceptable safety and efficiency. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroad Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's Offi StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Control systems KW - Electronic components KW - Electronic control KW - Fail safe systems KW - Failure analysis KW - Reliability KW - Safety KW - Signaling UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59225 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163789 AU - Lind, E F AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PUTTING RESEARCH TO WORK FOR A SAFER RAILROAD PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 24-32 AB - The organization and utilization of a systemwide Track Train Dynamics Program by Southern Pacific Transportation Company is described. Interdepartmental committees on System and Division levels are carrying out the objectives of SP's TTD application program. The general goal is safe, efficient and economical train operation by reduction of derailments and of component failures in equipment, track and lading to improve reliability for shippers and greater net profit. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Computer programs KW - Crash investigation KW - Derailments KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Management policies KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Profitability KW - Reliability KW - Southern Pacific Railroad KW - Train operations KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59227 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163791 AU - Peterson, L A AU - Gatton, C L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE REAL WORLD OF TRACK AS RELATED TO SAFETY PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 47-51 AB - The attitude and training of inspectors and track supervisors, along with the track conditions which they must detect and correct are discussed. The experience of the author's railroad is described. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Inspection KW - Louisville & Nashville Railroad KW - Maintenance of way KW - Railroad tracks KW - Supervision KW - Track inspection KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59229 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163793 AU - Price, B H AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRACK INSPECTION APPROACHES FOR SAFETY AND MAINTENACE PLANNING PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 60-69 AB - For several years the Bessemer & Lake Erie has taken part in a study of track geometry and track degradation. The objectives are development of quantitative ratings of track quality and utilization of such data for long-range track maintenance planning. A special car has been instrumented for the railroad's own regular use in measuring wheel-rail forces and the FRA's track geometry measurement car is used periodically for added data collection. The railroad is working toward a system which may be used as a full-time maintenance planning tool. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad KW - Data collection KW - Information processing KW - Inspection cars KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance of way KW - Maintenance practices KW - Measurement KW - Planning KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rolling contact KW - Track geometry measurement KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59231 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163795 AU - Hinson, A E AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT DRAW GEAR SYSTEMS PAST-PRESENT-FUTURE PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 122-127 AB - The evolution of the automatic coupler and the forces to which contemporary couplers are subjected are described. Current problems and forecasts of future requirements, including further automation, are then discussed. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Automatic couplers KW - Automation KW - Couplers KW - Electric circuits KW - Force KW - History KW - Metallurgy KW - Performance analysis KW - Trainlines KW - Vehicle components UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59233 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163796 AU - Weber, H B AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCKS FOR 100 MPH FREIGHT SERVICE: DESIGN-PERFORMANCE-SAFETY-RELIABILITY PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 128-137 AB - This paper describes the causes of unsatisfactory high speed performance of standard freight car trucks and the design philosophies which can avoid such problems. Test results and service experience with one such high-speed truck are detailed. Such a design provides a margin for future speed increases and offers reduced wear rates for present operations. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - High speed cars KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Ride quality KW - Spring KW - Suspension systems KW - Swing motion trucks KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Wear KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59234 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163792 AU - Kaske, A D AU - Phipps, P L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE PRESENT AND FUTURE IN RAIL FLAW DETECTION PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 52-59 AB - Automation of the process of detecting rail flaws so this may be done more rapidly and accurately has progressed to the stage of preliminary design. In automating rail inspection, signal processing and data processing hardware, along with the system's hardware technology, are already available, offering the greatest promise for accomodating the high data rates of the multiple sensor system. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Data collection KW - Defects KW - Detection and identification KW - Detectors KW - Information processing KW - Inspection cars KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaw detection KW - Sensors KW - Technological forecasting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59230 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163788 AU - Stephenson, J G AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRAIN DYNAMICS ANALYZER PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 16-23 AB - The Train Dynamics Analyzer is a compact, computer-based system designed as a training tool for locomotive engineers. The system uses a mathematical model to predict the longitudinal dynamic conditions encountered during operation of freight trains. A CRT display provides operating instructions to assist with the set up procedures for a simulated run, provides graphic and tabular descriptions of the train selected for the run and in the final phase presents a performance summary. The TDA can also be used for developing handling procedures for special train consists or unusual track conditions and for investigating certain aspects of train accidents. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Crash investigation KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Mathematical models KW - Railroad simulators KW - Slack action KW - Train operations KW - Training KW - Training devices UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59226 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163790 AU - Robinson, J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - LOCOMOTIVE CAB DESIGN DEVELOPMENTS PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 33-44 AB - This is a status report on the development of a locomotive cab design predicated on human and other engineering disciplines which can lead to specifications for a cab that is in concert with operational and safety considerations. The development, sponsored by Transportation Systems Center, is based on a list of functional requirements derived from locomotive systems management tasks and train handling techniques. A mock up and a mobile idler car with the cab for controlling trailing locomotive units are also described. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, 1976, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's O StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Control devices KW - Design KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive cab design KW - Locomotive controls KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotives KW - Prototypes KW - Safety KW - Train operations KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59228 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00163786 AU - Harris, W J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - KEYNOTE ADDRESS. 13TH RAILROAD ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, OPENING SESSION PY - 1977/07 SP - p. 1-6 AB - Comments and illustrations are given about the effects of traffic density, inflation and other factors on the apparently increasing trends for railroad accidents and casualties. The need for improved reporting systems and the role for cooperative safety programs involving government, industry and labor are discussed. U1 - Presented at the 13th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference, Pueblo, Colorado, October 12-13, and included in the Conference Proceedings, "Railroading Challenges in America's Third Century--Improved Reliability and Safety," sponsored by the FRA's Office StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Casualties KW - Crash causes KW - Crash data KW - Crashes KW - Defects KW - Equipment KW - Equipment damage KW - Fatalities KW - Human factors KW - Inflation KW - Injuries KW - Loss and damage KW - Railroad tracks KW - Safety KW - Statistics KW - Track defects UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/59224 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167302 AU - Law, E H AU - Hadden, J A AU - Cooperrider, N K AU - Clemson University AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Arizona State University, Tempe AU - Association of American Railroads Research Center TI - GENERAL MODELS FOR LATERAL STABILITY ANALYSES OF RAILWAY FREIGHT VEHICLES PY - 1977/06/15 SP - 229 p. AB - The report presents the development of general analytical models for use in exploring the nature of freight car hunting and for finding means of controlling the hunting behavior. These models result from one aspect of the Freight Car Dynamics research project conducted by Clemson and Arizona State Universities in cooperation with the Association of American Railroads. First, a model of a wheelset with lateral, yaw, and axle torsional degrees of freedom is developed. Secondly, two such wheelsets are included in a general model of a 9 degree of freedom truck that has lateral, yaw, and warp degrees of freedom in addition to relative lateral and yaw motions of the wheelsets with respect to the truck frame. By suitable choices of primary suspension elements, this general model may be specialized to become (1) a roller-bearing freight truck, (2) a plain-bearing freight truck, (3) a roller-bearing truck with primary suspension elements, (4) a passenger truck, (5) a generic model of a freight truck with interconnected wheelsets, or (6) a rigid truck. Finally, two such truck models are combined with a car body that has lateral, yaw, and roll rigid body degrees of freedom plus two degrees of freedom that serve to approximate the first lateral bending and torsional modes. For all three models, the effects of design parameters on the critical speed for hunting are examined. KW - Computer programs KW - Constraints KW - Critical speed KW - Critical velocity KW - Degrees of freedom KW - Design KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Dynamics KW - Freight car design KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Geometry KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Kinematics KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Mathematical models KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Wheels KW - Wheelsets (Railroads) KW - Yaw UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56759 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167060 AU - Coulombre, R E AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Harbridge House, Incorporated AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - AMERICA'S FREIGHT SYSTEM IN THE 80'S AND 90'S---BUT HOW TO GET THERE: PROCEEDINGS OF CONFERENCE HELD AT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS ON DECEMBER 1-2, 1976 PY - 1977/06 SP - 197 p. AB - The Conference focused on future technology needs, opportunities, and priorities in the context of major long-range economic and social concerns. Through discussion and debate, the conference objectives were to stress long-range technological needs in intercity freight, high profitability, high-payoff areas, the need for more technological research and application, and ways of overcoming economic and institutional barriers to technological development. The speeches, remarks, and papers of the conference participants are included. KW - Air cargo KW - Barges KW - Bulk cargo KW - Cargo transportation KW - Economic factors KW - Energy conservation KW - Forecasting KW - Freight transportation KW - Highway transportation KW - Meetings KW - Pipeline transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Research KW - Technological innovations KW - Trucks KW - Water transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56670 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00349688 AU - Colmery, J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DESIGN AND TESTING OF A 12,000 KVA LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR AND POWER CONVERTER PY - 1977/06 SP - 246 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Converters KW - Converters (Electricity) KW - Design KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Linear induction motors KW - Rapid transit cars KW - Testing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/175696 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00311771 AU - Wiseman, R L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - OPTICAL AUTOMATIC CAR IDENTIFICATION (OACI): SCANNER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND COST IMPROVEMENTS PY - 1977/06 SP - 26 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Automatic car identification KW - Costs KW - Labeling KW - Reliability KW - Scanners KW - Service life UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/149846 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167341 AU - Becker, F L AU - Batelle Memorial Institute/Pacific Northwest Labs AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - U.S.-U.S.S.R. RAIL INSPECTION INFORMATION EXCHANGE PY - 1977/06 SP - 90 p. AB - This trip report describes the results and conclusions of the U.S. delegation resulting from the U.S.-U.S.S.R. Rail Inspection Information exchange tour of the Soviet Union, August 24 through September 1, 1975. This information exchange was conducted under protocol agreements developed in 1974 between the Ministry of Railroads of the U.S.S.R. and the Federal Railroad Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation. The objective of this information exchange was to achieve a technical description of Soviet rail inspection technology and practice and to learn of recent R&D efforts for nondestructive inspection (NDI) of rail. The pertinent areas included: contemporary rail NDI systems, planning and scheduling of rail inspection, inspection of track components other than rail, methods for measurement of rail stresses, and recent R&D efforts in rail NDI. This report is divided into five sections: itinerary, description of devices and techniques, applicability of Soviet technology to U.S. rail NDI, effectiveness of the information exchange, and recommendations for future exchanges. KW - Defects KW - Detection and identification KW - Flaw detection KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Information exchange KW - Information organization KW - Inspection KW - Magnetic materials KW - Magnetic tests KW - Materials tests KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Quality control KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaw detection KW - Rail inspection KW - Rail stress KW - Railroad tracks KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Stresses KW - Technology KW - Technology assessment KW - Ultrasonic tests KW - Welds UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56780 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170063 AU - Powell, R B AU - McConville, J H AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company TI - LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR RESEARCH VEHICLE REACTION RAIL CURRENT AND AIRGAP FLUX DISTRIBUTION TEST PY - 1977/06 SP - 80 p. AB - Special instrumentation was installed on the LIMRV reaction rail at the Pueblo, Colorado, Transportation Test Center and vehicle test runs were made to acquire and record information on secondary currents, airgap flux, and sidebar voltages. The data thus obtained is shown in the form of oscillographic tracings. Medium-speed (approx 85 mph) and high-speed (approx 190 mph) passes over the instrumented section of reaction rail were executed. Test findings are presented in a form suitable for detailed study and evaluation by interested analysts. KW - Advanced systems KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Electromagnetic fields KW - High speed tests KW - High speed track KW - High speed tracked vehicles KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Reaction rails KW - Stray currents KW - Tests KW - Tracked vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58065 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167280 AU - Feddersen, G E AU - Buchheit, R D AU - Broek, D AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION IN RAIL STEELS PY - 1977/06 SP - 108 p. AB - In order to establish safe inspection periods of railroad rails, information on fatigue crack growth rates is required. These data should come from a sufficiently large sample of rails presently in service. The reported research consisted of the generation and analysis of fatigue crack growth data of 66 rail samples taken from existing track all over the United States. Additional information concerns mechanical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and fractographic features. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate possible correlations with fatigue crack growth properties and microstructural parameters. Weak correlations were found with carbon, manganese and oxygen content, and with the fraction of pearlite. A subsequent phase of this research program is discussed. KW - Alloy steel KW - Crack propagation KW - Cracking KW - Defects KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fractography KW - Inspection KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail cracks KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Railroad tracks KW - Statistical analysis KW - Steel KW - Testing KW - Track inspection UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56746 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167110 AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - REPORT OF TASK FORCE FOUR: RECOMMENDED FREIGHT CAR MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEMS OF THE FREIGHT CAR UTILIZATION RESEARCH-DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PY - 1977/06 SP - 182 p. AB - Studies were initiated to identify and analyze car management problems, develop and evaluate alternative strategies to attack these problems, and develop and demonstrate hardware and software to implement such strategies. The report is thus a planning document concerned with railroad car management system. KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Control systems KW - Coordination KW - Freight car distribution KW - Freight cars KW - Information systems KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management planning KW - Operating strategies KW - Planning KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Research KW - Train ii KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56692 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167111 AU - Anderes, J R AU - Mitre Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ANALYSIS OF KANSAS TEST TRACK BEAM RESPONSE PY - 1977/06 SP - 85 p. AB - In the fall of 1975 post-mortem static and dynamic tests were conducted on a reinforced twin concrete beam section of the Kansas Test Track (KTT) near El Dorado, Kansas. These tests were part of an extensive program undertaken by the Federal Railroad Administration to gain insight into the mechanisms of the rapid deterioration of that test facility. The data from the static and dynamic tests were used to validate a dynamic track structure model of the KTT beam sections. This report presents a summary of the validation process and the subsequent use of the model as an analytical tool for parameter studies. These studies assist in the investigation of the nature of the KTT beam performance, give insight into the behavior of beam and slab track structures, and provide the technical background for evaluation of future non-conventional track structure designs. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Beams KW - Beams (Support) KW - Concrete KW - Concrete beams KW - Concrete slab track KW - Control joints KW - Deformation KW - Design KW - Deterioration KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic structural analysis KW - Embankments KW - Equations of motion KW - Expansion joints KW - Foundations KW - Kansas test track KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Precast concrete KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Rigid foundations KW - Slabs KW - Stiffness KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Test tracks KW - Testing KW - Track deterioration KW - Track structures KW - Unconventional track UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56693 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00163797 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FINAL STANDARDS, CLASSIFICATION, AND DESIGNATION OF LINES OF CLASS I RAILROADS IN THE UNITED STATES. VOLUME 2 (FINAL) PY - 1977/06 SP - 212 p. AB - Final Volume II contains designations of all Class I Railroad lines in the United States based upon the standards developed in Final Volume I. Each Class I Railroad line segment in the national rail network was subjected to individual analysis using the most current information available following the publication of Volume II (Interim) on January 19, 1977 - notably correction/update information that was received by May 13, 1977 has been included in this Final Volume II. Statistical summaries of route mileage by line designation are presented, along with cross-reference information. Following the tables is an enlarged fold-out national network map displaying the line designations by categories. KW - Branch lines KW - Industry structure KW - Line capacity KW - Railroad facility operations KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Traffic density UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/54954 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167061 AU - Krishna, R AU - Kalpakjian, S AU - Kumar, S AU - Illinois Institute of Technology AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Association of American Railroads AU - General Motors Corporation TI - WEAR STUDIES FOR STEEL WHEEL AND RAIL. I. MECHANISMS AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS PY - 1977/06 SP - 71 p. AB - The report describes some of the recent work done at I.I.T. to understand the mechanisms of wear between wheel and rail, and is based on experiments conducted on the 1:4.5 I.I.T. wheel-rail simulation facility which is briefly discussed in the report. Tests were carried out to establish the effects of load and friction coefficient on wear rate. Techniques were developed to collect and analyze data on wear particles and wear tracks under the scanning electron microscope. Surface finish measurements were also carried out as a function of these parameters. The flake type wear particles obtained in all the tests were explained in terms of a delamination process originating from subsurface crack nucleation and coalescence. A number of SEM photographs are included to support the qualitative analysis presented. KW - Adhesion KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Coefficient of friction KW - Durability tests KW - Friction KW - Loads KW - Locomotives KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail shelling KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rolling contact KW - Shelling (Metals) KW - Wear KW - Wheel loads KW - Wheel Rail Dynamics Research Facility KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56671 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00163228 AU - Blacklock, J R AU - Lawson, C H AU - Graduate Institute of Technology AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - HANDBOOK FOR RAILROAD TRACK STABILIZATION USING LIME SLURRY PRESSURE INJECTION PY - 1977/06 SP - 92 p. AB - This handbook includes chapters dealing with the technology of line injection, surface and subsurface soil exploration and laboratory testing, environmental considerations and safety precautions. In addition, there are appendices which provides state-of-the-art specifications for lime slurry injection and laboratory soil testing procedures. A lime slurry section gives a complete description of the present state-of-the-art of Lime Slurry Pressure Injection (LSPI). This handbook hopefully will provide the railroad industry with existing information and guidance in the selection and use of the LSPI method of roadbed stabilization. KW - Calcium oxide KW - Handbooks KW - Soil stabilization KW - Specifications KW - Stabilization KW - Subgrade (Pavements) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/54552 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00157702 AU - Chapin, W E AU - King, R D AU - Pestel, H C AU - Breslin, R H AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON RAIL TECHNOLOGY PY - 1977/05 SP - 538 p. AB - This rail technology review provides assistance to a number of rail technology programs initiated by the Transportation Systems Center (TSC) for the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). The results of a search and review in four specific areas in the field of rail technology are presented in the form of a bibliography with descriptive abstracts, source acknowledgments, and availabilities. The geographic scope of the review was worldwide with particular emphasis on the literature of the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Western Europe, the Soviet Union, and Japan. The technical scope of investigations for which abstracts are presented include such important topics as the nondestructive examination of rails, the determination of rail stresses and strains and factors affecting them, rail failure behavior and the analysis of rails-in-service, and the metallurgical aspects of rail steel and its production. The time period covered by the review is 1965 through 1975, with particular emphasis on the past five years. Types of literature covered include: journal articles, conference papers, reports, textbooks, handbooks, and unpublished papers. Indices for the identification of the abstracts are provided. KW - Bibliographies KW - Defects KW - Failure KW - Fatigue (Physiological condition) KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail failure KW - Rail fasteners KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Rail stress KW - Steel plants KW - Stresses KW - Tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50368 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00157219 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TENTH AND FINAL REPORT ON THE HIGH SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION ACT OF 1965 PY - 1977/05 SP - 120 p. AB - This is the tenth and final report to the Congress on research, development, and demonstrations activities authorized by the HSGT Act of 1965. The activities are evaluated, accomplishments described, recommendations presented, and the history of the HSGT Program consolidated into one document. More than 400 reports were produced on railroad and advanced systems since the Act was signed in 1965. Major accomplishments of the program include: (a) creation of continuing Federal R&D in railroad technology, (b) establishment of the Transportation Test Center, (c) demonstration that quality rail passenger service will be used in this country, (d) system performance and cost estimates for the Northeast Corridor multi-modal regional transportation study, (e) development of data processing of rail passenger statistics now used by Amtrak, (f) conception of Auto Train, (g) initiation of railroad track dynamics research (the first scientific investigation of track in over 30 years), (h) construction of the Rail Dynamics Laboratory, (i) Development of automated track geometry inspection, (j) advancement of linear electric motor technology, (k) expansion of knowledge of magnetic levitation, (l) analysis of the dynamics of air cushion levitation, and (m) exploration of the ram air cushion. DOT should continue to follow research on tracked levitated vehicles and other advanced technology as an option for high-density short- haul routes as future needs may develop for intercity passenger systems. KW - Auto-train corporation KW - Data collection KW - Development KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed rail KW - Linear electric motor KW - Linear motors KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Measurement KW - Metroliner (Express train) KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger service KW - Rail dynamics simulator KW - Railroad simulators KW - Railroad tracks KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Technological forecasting KW - Track geometry measurement KW - Track response investigations KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles KW - Train track dynamics KW - Transportation Technology Center UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49998 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00157508 AU - Frarey, J L AU - Smith, R L AU - Krauter, A I AU - Shaker Research Corporation TI - WAYSIDE DERAILMENT INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS STUDY FOR RAILROAD VEHICLE EQUIPMENT PY - 1977/05 SP - 150 p. AB - An analysis of the causes of the railroad equipment-caused derailments was made. Data reported to the FRA was the primary source of derailment information; however, data from other sources were also available. Individual cause codes were consolidated into groups that had a common characteristic that might be used to detect the presence of the defect. Seven consolidated cause code groupings were identified that accounted for over 80 percent of the cost of equipment-caused derailments. Existing wayside inspection systems were evaluated. Developmental wayside inspection systems were identified. A method was developed that assigns a purchase cost number for possible wayside detection schemes that is based on the cost of derailment and effectiveness of the system. A recommendation is made that FRA set up Wayside Inspection Station(s) as a means of evaluating improvement to present systems and new wayside inspection methods. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Bolsters KW - Brake systems KW - Brakes KW - Crash risk forecasting KW - Data collection KW - Defects KW - Derailments KW - Detectors KW - Dynamics KW - Frames KW - Hot box detectors KW - Inspection KW - Performance analysis KW - Railroad facilities KW - Risk assessment KW - Safety KW - Side frames KW - Truck dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle components KW - Warning devices KW - Wayside KW - Wheel defects KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50257 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00300547 AU - St Louis Terminal Project AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Railroad Labor Organizations TI - FINAL REPORT OF ST. LOUIS TERMINAL PROJECT PY - 1977/04 SP - 256 p. AB - This publication is a schematic of the life of the St. Louis Terminal Project. It includes a summary and an analysis of the experiments completed and defines the future directions of the project. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Freight service KW - Labor agreements KW - Labor relations KW - Labor unions KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Performance tests KW - Planning KW - Productivity KW - Quality of service KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Run through trains KW - St. louis terminal KW - Switching KW - Terminal operations KW - Work rules UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/137935 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167028 AU - Matic, P AU - Kumar, S AU - Illinois Institute of Technology AU - General Motors Corporation AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MOIRE ANALYSIS OF PLANAR ELASTIC CONTACT FOR UNDERSTANDING WHEEL-RAIL TRACTION PY - 1977/04 SP - 41 p. AB - The nature of adhesion and creep in the contact region between two planar surfaces with normal and tangential loads is experimentally investigated with moire analysis. This study is aimed at advancing the understanding of adhesion and creep in the contact zone between a steel wheel and rail. The contact region between a silicon block (width 2.4 in., and height 1.6 in.) and a thick plexiglass plate investigated. Loads of 0.33 lbs to 5.01 lbs were applied at angles of 0 degrees to 11.1 degrees from the vertical. Gratings of 300 and 302 lines/inch were placed on the contacting surfaces of the plate and block respectively. Movement of the moire fringes yielded the displacement fields. Analysis of the displacement fields for four loads at four different inclination angles shows that the adhesion zone appears as a region of restrained displacements. It is believed that ideal adhesion (i.e. zero displacements) is possible only for optically flat surfaces, and that surface roughness, as was present in this investigation, is responsible for restrained displacements in the adhesion zone. For only vertical loads, the adhesion zone was in the middle of the contact surface and creep zones were symmetrically placed on two sides. Under increasing load the adhesion zone decreases in size. This is as predicted by theory and the finite element method. Under inclined loads, the adhesion zone moves opposite the direction of horizontal components of loading. The adhesion zone will eventually move to the edge of the contact zone when there is a large enough tangential load. The experimental results were compared with a finite element analysis conducted at I.I.T. earlier and showed good agreement. KW - Adhesion KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Creep KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Finite element method KW - Force KW - Loads KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Roughness KW - Traction KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel creep KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56653 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00157220 AU - Council of State Governments TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE REGIONAL RAIL PLANNING SEMINARS, FALL 1976 PY - 1977/04 SP - 165 p. AB - This document is a compilation of papers, talks and presentations made at five seminars held in each of FRA's regions during Fall 1976. These seminars attracted close to 700 persons from State and Federal governments, rail management and labor, shippers, consultants and academia. The first four seminars were designed to educate those states eligible for Federal assistance under Section 803 of the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-210) about this new program, and to inform them about other Federal rail planning activities under way in a number of agencies. Evening workshops for State rail planners were programmed to give registrants even more opportunity to question the Federal speakers in depth concerning practical details about the program. The last seminar, held in Albany, New York, was designed to examine the progress of the Title IV program of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973 (P.L. 93-236) and to project the future course of the rail service planning and assistance programs in the 17-State Northeast and Midwest Region. To accomplish this, panels of speakers examined the rail planning process in perspective of the experience in this Region, and regional railroad spokesmen discussed the impacts these programs have had on them. Federal spokesmen then provided information on several ongoing studies concerning national rail planning, and FRA and Amtrak representatives gave presentations on the Northeast Corridor Program. KW - Abandonment KW - Bankruptcy KW - Branch lines KW - Conrail KW - Government planning KW - Governments KW - Light density lines KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Planning KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Railroad traffic KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regional rail reorganization act KW - State departments of transportation KW - State government KW - State rail plan KW - States KW - Subsidies KW - Traffic density KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49999 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00156868 AU - PRAUSE, R H AU - Harrison, H D AU - Arnlund, R C AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Bechtel Corporation AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MEASUREMENT PLAN FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LOAD ENVIRONMENT FOR CROSS TIES AND FASTENERS PY - 1977/04 SP - 88 p. AB - This report was prepared as a part of the Improved Track Structures Research Program sponsored by the Office of Rail Safety Research of the Federal Railroad Administration. The report is a planning document for a track measurement program to obtain data on the service loads and reactions of cross ties and rail fasteners. These data will be used to validate analytical models for predicting track response and to provide a statistical description of track loading for design and testing improved cross ties and fastener assemblies. The report includes criteria for site selection, an evaluation of measurement parameters, instrumentation and data analysis techniques, and the development of statistical criteria for planning the measurement program. KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Rail fasteners KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Track components KW - Track loading KW - Track response investigations KW - Train track dynamics UR - http://www.fra.dot.gov/Elib/Document/16645 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49883 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00169207 AU - Ultrasystems, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - TRAIN-TO-TRAIN REAR END IMPACT TESTS PY - 1977/03 SP - 568p-in 3v AB - No abstract available. UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58670 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00154804 AU - CARPENTER, G F AU - United States Steel Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - THE CAUSE OF THERMAL FATIGUE CRACKING IN METROLINER WHEELS PY - 1977/03 SP - 88 p. AB - One new wheel and two used wheels (one with a thermal crack in the tread) were examined for mechanical properties, macrostructure, microstructure, and residual stresses. Similar examinations were conducted on three new wheels which were first subjected to various braking cycles designed to define the conditions that produce cracking. The braking tests were conducted on the laboratory dynamometer. The results of this study indicated that the wheel that had developed a thermal crack in service had been intermittently and severely heated around the tread surface and that such heating had altered the microstructure, produced residual tensile stresses and permitted the crack to initiate. The results further showed that neither altered microstructures nor cracking could be produced by many emergency brakings or speed-reduction brakings with normal brake shoes and forces. KW - Braking KW - Braking performance KW - Crack propagation KW - Cracking KW - Defects KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Metallography KW - Metallurgy KW - Metroliner (Express train) KW - Microstructure KW - Observations KW - Railroad cars KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Residual stress KW - Stresses KW - Thermal cracks KW - Thermal degradation KW - Thermal fatigue KW - Thermal stresses KW - Tire treads KW - Tread braking KW - Wheel defects KW - Wheel metallurgy KW - Wheel rims KW - Wheel thermal stresses KW - Wheel tread stresses KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49040 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170057 AU - Anderson, R L AU - Cramer, P L AU - Ultrasystems, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - TRAIN-TO-TRAIN REAR END IMPACT TESTS--VOLUME II--IMPACT TEST SUMMARIES PY - 1977/03 SP - 124 p. AB - This final report documents these nine tests. Volume I, Pre-Impact Determination of Vehicle Properties, summarizes the vehicle properties obtained prior to the impact tests. These vehicle properties were used in computer simulation of the impact tests and included weights, pitch moments of inertia, force deflection characteristics, vertical center of gravity location, and linear dimensions. Volume II, Impact Test Summaries, describes the impact tests. The impact tests were remotely controlled with impact speeds ranging from 3 to 30 mph. An array of approximately 20 high-speed cameras and 50 channels of data, including accelerations, strains, and displacement, documented the impacts. Volume III, Impact Test Summaries Appendix, is an appendix to Volume II. It contains the original data of the impact test. KW - Cabooses KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Crashes KW - Crashworthiness KW - Data collection KW - Impact vulnerability KW - Locomotive cab safety KW - Locomotives KW - Measuring instruments KW - Rear end crashes KW - Safety KW - Tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58060 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170058 AU - Anderson, R L AU - Cramer, P L AU - Ultrasystems, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - TRAIN-TO-TRAIN REAR END IMPACT TESTS--VOLUME III--APPENDIX A: IMPACT TEST DATA-APPENDIX B: REPORT OF INVENTIONS PY - 1977/03 SP - 342 p. AB - This final report documents these tests. Volume I, Pre-Impact Determination of Vehicle Properties, summarizes the vehicle properities obtained prior to the impact tests. These vehicle properties were used in computer simulation of the impact tests and included weights, pitch moments of inertia, force deflection characteristics, vertical center of gravity location, and linear dimensions. Volume II, Impact Test Summaries, describes the impact tests. The impact tests were remotely controlled with impact speeds ranging from 3 to 30 mph. An array of approximately 20 high-speed cameras and 50 channels of data, including accelerations, strains, and displacement, documented the impacts. Volume III, Impact Test Summaries Appendix, is an appendix to Volume II. It contains the original data of the impact test. KW - Cabooses KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Crashes KW - Crashworthiness KW - Data collection KW - Impact vulnerability KW - Locomotive cab safety KW - Locomotives KW - Measuring instruments KW - Rear end crashes KW - Safety KW - Tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58061 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170056 AU - Anderson, R L AU - Cramer, P L AU - Ultrasystems, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - TRAIN-TO-TRAIN REAR END IMPACT TESTS--VOLUME I--PRE-IMPACT DETERMINATION OF VEHICLE PROPERTIES PY - 1977/03 SP - 100 p. AB - This final report documents these nine tests. Volume I, Pre-Impact Determination of Vehicle Properties, summarizes the vehicle properties obtained prior to the impact tests. These vehicle properties were used in computer simulation of the impact tests and included weights, pitch moments of inertia, spring rated, vertical center of gravity location, and linear dimensions. Volume II, Impact Test Summaries, describes the impact tests. The impact tests were remotely controlled with impact speeds ranging from 3 to 30 mph. An array of approximately 20 high-speed cameras and 50 channels of data, including accelerations, strains, and displacement, documented the impacts. Volume III, Impact Test Summaries Appendix, is an appendix to Volume II. It contains the original data of the impact test. KW - Crashes KW - Crashworthiness KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Impact vulnerability KW - Mathematical models KW - Rear end crashes KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58059 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00155352 AU - Devoe, D B AU - Abernethy, C N AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MAINTAINING ALERTNESS IN RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVE CREWS PY - 1977/03 SP - 68 p. AB - The problem of assuring alertness in railroad locomotive crews is defined. Principles for maintaining alertness are derived from the experimental literature on vigilance and several unresolved questions are explored through three experiments. The findings are summarized in a set of criteria for evaluating alerting devices and techniques, and devices currently in use on the railroads are evaluated against these criteria. Recommendations are offered for improving current devices and for exploring new techniques. KW - Alertness KW - Attention KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Evaluation KW - Fatigue (Physiological condition) KW - Human factors KW - Improvements KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotives KW - Methodology KW - Motivation KW - Personnel management KW - Psychological aspects KW - Psychological tests KW - Railroads KW - Recommendations KW - Safety equipment KW - Simulation KW - Technological innovations KW - Time KW - Vigilance KW - Warning devices UR - http://volpedb.volpe.dot.gov/outside/owa/vntsc_outside.product_repository.display_item?p_doc_id=27416 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49163 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00153369 AU - Cunney, E G AU - May, J T AU - Jones, H N AU - Ensco, Incorporated AU - Southern Railway Company AU - Chessie System TI - THE EFFECTS OF ACCELERATED BALLAST CONSOLIDATION PY - 1977/03 SP - 184 p. AB - The effects of accelerated ballast consolidation were tested on main-line tracks of the Boston and Maine, the Chessie, the Missouri Pacific, the Penn Central and the Saint Louis and Southwestern, and at three sites on the Southern. Tests were made before and after traffic, after surfacing and related track work had been completed, both with and without machine consolidation of the ballast in the cribs and shoulders. The resistance of individual ties and panels of track to lateral forces, track settlement under traffic, and other indicators of track stability were measured. The average lateral resistance before traffic in sections of track with consolidated ballast was found to be equivalent to that reached after more than 400,000 tons (360,000 metric tons) of traffic on track with unconsolidated ballast. Settlement was found to be less in consolidated ballast, especially at joints. The differences diminished under traffic but were still evident after many thousands of tons of traffic. Some of the test results were not conclusive because of wide variations in local conditions and other factors. However, the results indicate that accelerated consolidation of ballast will be a valuable addition to track surfacing work in areas where continuous welded rail has a high probability of buckling under temperature stress after the ballast has been disturbed. KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast crib KW - Ballast stiffness KW - Buckling KW - Compaction KW - Maintenance of way KW - Railroad tracks KW - Soil compaction KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Stiffness KW - Track maintenance equipment KW - Track response investigations KW - Track stability KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Welded rail UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48656 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00153367 AU - Beck, R F AU - Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway Company TI - U.S. - U.S.S.R. TRACK AND RAIL METALLURGY INFORMATION EXCHANGE PY - 1977/03 SP - 140 p. AB - The report covers track research and development activities, rail metallurgy and the technology of laying welded rail, assembly and disassembly of track panels and wood tie reclamation. It draws upon the experiences, observations and discussions of a seven-man team of engineers, researchers, and metallurgists who visited the Soviet Union during an 11-day period in 1976. The basic goals were to expand upon the knowledge obtained by previous delegations and to learn as much as possible for application or modification to US research and development activities and track maintenance procedures. KW - Buckling KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Cross tie design KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Maintenance of way KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Rail welding KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Standards KW - Structural design KW - Technology KW - Track panels KW - Track standards KW - Track structures KW - Welded rail KW - Welding KW - Wood ties KW - Wooden cross ties UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48654 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00153370 AU - ADD Systems AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR CLEARINGHOUSE EXPERIMENT. EVALUATION OF THE FIRST YEAR OF OPERATION PY - 1977/02/24 SP - 91 p. AB - The freight Car Clearinghouse Experiment which was started in September 1974 is still in operation. It is a cooperative undertaking by the Southern, Missouri Pacific, and Milwaukee Railroads to improve car utilization. These railroads have been granted a temporary exemption from Car Service Rules 1 and 2 to allow these railroads to use each other's cars as though they were their own. The principal results of the evaluation of the first year of operation are: (1) the Clearinghouse has reduced empty car movements by about 5 million car miles which has an economic value of $700,000 at 14found per car mile; (2) the economic value of expected future benefits from the continued operation of the Clearinghouse as presently constituted is about $800,000 per year in car day benefits and $640,000 per year in car mile savings; and (3) because of the success of this Clearinghouse Experiment, seven additional railroads have now joined, bringing total membership to ten. KW - Car cycles KW - Car distribution (Railroads) KW - Car operations (Railroads) KW - Car service rules KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad KW - Contract rates KW - Empty car distribution KW - Empty cars (Railroads) KW - Government regulations KW - Industry structure KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Operating strategies KW - Per diem rates KW - Regulations KW - Southern Railway KW - U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48657 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158197 AU - King, R R AU - Barton, J R AU - Perry, W D AU - Southwest Research Institute AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN RAILROAD WHEELS VIA THE BARKHAUSEN EFFECT PY - 1977/02 SP - 86 p. AB - The feasibility of utilizing the Barkhausen Effect in ferromagnetic steels as a nondestructive means for ascertaining residual stresses in railroad wheels was investigated. Railroad wheels are generally manufactured with compressive stress distributions in the rim to impede the propagation of fissures or thermal cracks caused by brake applications. In service, these compressive stresses may gradually become tensile, thus increasing the potential for wheel failure. Speciments examined using the Barkhausen noise measurement technique included four new wheels and two used wheels. Stress measurements form this nondestructive technique were compared with stress values determined by a dissection method of strain relaxation. Qualitative consistency in these data were observed, although testing of a larger data base will be required to determine the utility of the Barkhausen noise measurement technique for identifying those wheels which are potentially hazardous because of tensile stress buildup. KW - Electromagnetic devices KW - Failure KW - Inspection KW - Magnetic inspection KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Residual stress KW - Stresses KW - Thermal stresses KW - Tire treads KW - Wheel failure KW - Wheel rim stresses KW - Wheel rims KW - Wheel thermal stresses KW - Wheel tread stresses KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50630 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00155407 AU - Hopkins, J B AU - White, E AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - IMPROVEMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MOTORIST WARNINGS AT RAILROAD-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSINGS PY - 1977/02 SP - 98 p. AB - Flashing red incandescent lamps have formed the primary motorist warning device at grade crossings for several decades, in spite of technical constraints that inherently limit the overall effectiveness possible. In this report an examination of appropriate literature and existing standards reveals preliminary requirements of function and desirable qualities for such motorist warnings. A consideration of relevant lighting technology shows that significant improvement is possible through the use of xenon flashlamps in standard crossing mountings. This study includes a discussion of optimal specifications, relevant technology, field tests, and related topics including system credibility and the use of highway traffic signals. KW - Field tests KW - Flash lamps KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Highways KW - Intersections KW - Lamps KW - Light signals KW - Navigation lights KW - Railroads KW - Safety KW - Specifications KW - Technology KW - Traffic safety KW - Visual perception KW - Warning systems KW - Xenon UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49184 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00154801 AU - Duttera, J AU - Friedland, M AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - POTENTIAL MEANS OF COST REDUCTION IN GRADE CROSSING AUTOMATIC GATE SYSTEMS. VOLUME II. IMPROVED GATE ARM CONCEPTS FOR RAILROAD/HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSINGS PY - 1977/02 SP - 66 p. AB - This report, Volume II of a two-volume study, examines the potential for reduction of the cost of installing and maintaining automatic gates at railroad-highway grade crossings. It includes a review of current practices, equipment, and standards; consideration of modification of existing specifications to permit use of alternative technologies; generation of design concepts for new gate systems or subsystems intended to offer significant economic benefits; analysis and comparative evaluation of the more promising concepts; and conclusions concerning further design, development, and test activities. Concepts found to be particularly promising include a pneumatic gate-drive mechanism and a swing-away, gravity-resetting arm support intended to reduce the incidence of gate breakage; and a gate arm using new materials to obtain resistance to breakage. KW - At grade intersections KW - Barriers KW - Barriers (Roads) KW - Costs KW - Crashworthiness KW - Economic benefits KW - Gates KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Impact vulnerability KW - Intersections KW - Motor vehicle accidents KW - Pneumatic equipment KW - Pneumatic systems KW - Prevention KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Railroad tracks KW - Safety KW - Safety equipment KW - Specifications KW - Standards KW - Traffic crashes KW - Traffic regulations KW - Warning systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49037 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00154800 AU - St Amant, A AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - POTENTIAL MEANS OF COST REDUCTION IN GRADE CROSSING AUTOMATIC GATE SYSTEMS. VOLUME I: OVERVIEW AND LOW COST RAILROAD/HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSING GATE SYSTEMS PY - 1977/02 SP - 90 p. AB - This report, Volume I of a two-volume study, examines the potential for reduction of the cost of installing and maintaining automatic gates at railroad-highway grade crossings. It comprises a general overview; a review of current practices, equipment, and standards; a consideration of modification of existing specifications to permit use of alternative technologies; the generation of design concepts for new gate systems or subsystems intended to offer significant economic benefits; an analysis and comparative evaluation of the more promising concepts; and conclusions concerning further design, development, and test activities. Concepts found to be particularly promising include a low-cost gate-drive mechanism utilizing high-reliability commercially available components; a swing-away, gravity resetting arm support intended to reduce the incidence of gate breakage; and a gate arm using new materials to obtain resistance to breakage. KW - At grade intersections KW - Automatic control KW - Barriers KW - Barriers (Roads) KW - Cost control KW - Costs KW - Crashworthiness KW - Economic benefits KW - Fail safe systems KW - Gates KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Impact vulnerability KW - Intersections KW - Motor vehicle accidents KW - Prevention KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Railroad tracks KW - Safety KW - Safety equipment KW - Specifications KW - Standards KW - Traffic crashes KW - Traffic regulations KW - Warning systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49036 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00152670 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FINAL STANDARDS, CLASSIFICATION, AND DESIGNATION OF LINES OF CLASS I RAILROADS IN THE UNITED STATES. VOLUME 2 (INTERIM) PY - 1977/01/19 SP - 204 p. AB - Interim Volume II contains designations of all Class I Railroad lines in the U.S., based upon the standards developed in Volume I. Each line segment was subjected to individual analysis, using the most current information available. Statistical summaries of route mileage by line designation are presented, along with cross-reference information. Following the tables is an enlarged national network map. There are 132 sector maps to display specific line information. KW - Branch lines KW - Industry structure KW - Line capacity KW - Railroad facility operations KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Traffic density UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48226 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170286 AU - Powell, R B AU - Kaman, G P AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company TI - FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A 15,000-KVA CAPACITOR-ASSISTED POWER UNIT FOR INDUCTION MOTOR PROPULSION PY - 1977/01 SP - 173 p. AB - This report describes results of a technical study to identify and describe feasible linear induction motor propulsion system (LIMPS) alternatives for attaining desired maximum vehicle speed within a given guideway length. The study deals with an original concept of two identical LIMPS modules and whether this concept remains the most effective means to produce thrust for a 300-mph vehicle, as well as 11 other candidate concepts, all subject to the fixed design constraints of limited vehicle space, 8-kV electrical power supply, and fixed vehicle, guideway, and reaction rail interfaces. The following factors were among those identified as having significant influence on the comparative results: 1. Thrust degradation at high speeds (end effects) has the same result on performance as LIM operation at a lower slip value. Since the maximum frequency of the voltage applied to the LIM is limited by the present SC design, a longer LIM pole pitch is the only practical method of reducing the impact of end effects. 2. A change in the effective LIM operating point shifts both real and reactive power demands. 3. The power ratings of new, recently developed thyristors make possible the design and manufacture of a single dc-link converter that will supply all the real power required by the LIM, resulting in substantially lower converter weight and volume. 4. Static capacitors can replace part of the power factor correcting function of the synchronous condenser at a fraction of the cost. KW - Acceleration (Mechanics) KW - Advanced systems KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Electric power supply KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Tracked vehicles KW - Vehicle power plants KW - Wayside power UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58180 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00165083 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TECHNICAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL RAILROAD TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER SEMINAR. NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, JANUARY, 1977 PY - 1977/01 SP - 62 p. AB - Contents: Welcome and introduction to FRA's International Technology Exchange Program, R.E. Parsons; An overview of Department of Transportation's International Cooperation Program, B.A. Ramundo; Observations of 1975 U.S. Railroad Electrification Delegation visit to USSR, M.D. Meeker; Status of European electric traction technology, A.N. Addie; Recent European advances in achieving unity power factor, M. Guarino; A summary of U.S.-Poland cooperative research programs in railroad technology, R.M. McCafferty; Track maintenance and safety in the USSR, R.F. Beck; Observations of the USSR Shcherbinka Test Track Facility and the Lossino-Ostrovskaya Track Buckling Facility, D.P. McConnell; Rail practices in the USSR, D.H. Stone; Rail flaw detection, state-of-the-art in the USSR and its possible U.S. application, H. Ceccon; Track performance in the USSR, R.M. McCafferty; Concluding remarks, R.E. Parsons. KW - Cooperation KW - Defects KW - Detection and identification KW - Electric locomotives KW - Europe KW - Former Soviet Union KW - International KW - International compacts KW - Lossino-ostrovskaya test track KW - Maintenance of way KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaw detection KW - Railroad electrification KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Research KW - Safety KW - Shcherbinka test track KW - Technology KW - Test facilities KW - Track research KW - Track response investigations KW - Track safety KW - Train track dynamics KW - Unity power factor UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/55643 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151837 AU - Knutson, R M AU - Thompson, M R AU - Mullin, T AU - Tayabji, S D AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Association of American Railroads Research Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - BALLAST AND FOUNDATION MATERIALS RESEARCH PROGRAM. PHASE IV. MATERIALS EVALUATION STUDY PY - 1977/01 SP - 324 p. AB - This report presents the results of Phase 4 - Materials Evaluation Study, of the Ballast and Foundation Materials Research Program. Emphasis is on characterizing the response of the structural support elements (subgrade, subballast, and ballast) with respect to in service loading conditions. Properties of the subgrade, the subballast, and the ballast that significantly influence track structure behavior and performance have been identified. Part A of the report includes the evaluation of the resilient (elastic) response and permanent strain response of 7 ballast and subballast materials. Part B contains plastic strain and degradation results of ballast materials subject to long term (1 million repetitions) loading. Part C includes the evaluation of resilient response and permanent strain response of ten subgrade soils. Thermal regime characterization, including freeze-thaw analysis is presented in Part D. A comprehensive summary and conclusions are given in Part E. KW - Ballast KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Deformation curve KW - Degradation KW - Foundations KW - Freezing KW - Inspection KW - Loads KW - Moisture content KW - Plastic deformation KW - Railroad tracks KW - Resilience (Materials) KW - Rocks KW - Soil mechanics KW - Soil stabilization KW - Soil tests KW - Subballast KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Subgrade stability KW - Testing KW - Thaw KW - Track component investigations KW - Track response investigations KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Variables KW - Variations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47902 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151748 AU - Petracek, S J AU - Moon, A E AU - Kiang, R L AU - Siddigee, M W AU - Stanford Research Institute AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD CLASSIFICATION YARD TECHNOLOGY. A SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT PY - 1977/01 SP - 343 p. AB - This report documents a survey and assessment of the current state of the art in rail freight-car classification yard technology. The major objective was the identification of research and development necessary for technological improvements in railroad classification yards. This involved a projection of future classification yard needs and a comparison of these requirements of existing technology. Separate tasks included a description of the hardware, costs, performance characteristics, and operational practices of existing yards; formulation of general yard-network interaction concepts; collection of in-depth background information concerning the yard population in the United States (categorized by type, technology, and function); estimation of the demands likely to be placed on the nation's network of freight-car terminals during the foreseeable future; and an assessment and prioritization of those areas of terminal operations that warrant further research or development. KW - Classification KW - Classification yards KW - Demand KW - Development KW - Evaluation KW - Forecasting KW - Freight cars KW - Freight terminals KW - Handbooks KW - Hump yards KW - Layout KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Networks KW - Operating strategies KW - Planning KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Recommendations KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Statistics KW - Surveys KW - Technological forecasting KW - Technology assessment KW - Yard capacity KW - Yard layout planning KW - Yard operations KW - Yard throughput UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47853 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151218 AU - Peters, D A AU - Yin, S K AU - Washington University, St Louis AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NON-DESTRUCTIVE IMPACT BETWEEN RAILROAD CARS: EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY PY - 1977/01 SP - 65 p. AB - A computer simulation of the dynamics of rail car impacts is compared with experimental data obtained from full scale switchyard impacts. The compared cases involve impacts between a standing light hopper car and a moving, fully loaded tank car at speeds ranging from 2 mph to 8 mph. The monitored dynamic responses include vertical car motions, draft gear travel, longitudinal coupler forces, car body accelerations, and vertical bolster loads. KW - Acceleration (Mechanics) KW - Bolsters KW - Couplers KW - Crash injury research KW - Crashes KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Force KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Gears KW - Hopper cars KW - Hump yards KW - Impact tests KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Prevention KW - Puncture resistance KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad terminals KW - Research KW - Safety KW - Simulation KW - Structural analysis KW - Switching KW - Switching systems KW - Tank cars KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vertical displacement UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47698 ER - TY - CONF AN - 01514615 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Shapp, Milton J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - The Advantages of Electrifying the Nation's Railroads PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 5-7 AB - No abstract U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Analysis KW - Costs KW - Economic analysis KW - Economic development KW - Electric locomotives KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Public utilities KW - Railroad electrification KW - Railroads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291173 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00308640 AU - Transportation Research Board AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD RESEARCH BULLETIN, AUTUMN 1977. VOLUME 4, NUMBER 2 PY - 1977 SP - 366 p. AB - This publication contains 1,269 abstracts of journal articles and research reports and descriptions of computer programs and magnetic data tapes. It also has 581 summaries of ongoing research activities in the railroad field. The material, selected from current railroad literature and other contemporary sources, covers the entire range of railroading from technology to operations, management, economics and government involvement. Literature sources are worldwide. The material is arranged according to the RRIS classification scheme in two separate sections, one for the abstracts and descriptions and the other for ongoing project summaries. This publication supplements material in the nine prior Railroad Research Bulletins which should be retained for a complete file of RRIS data. KW - Advanced systems KW - Bibliographies KW - Economics KW - Freight transportation KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Management KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad research information service KW - Rapid transit UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/144993 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182029 AU - Morrison, E L AU - Grant, W B AU - Espeland, R H AU - Hemp, T H AU - Office of Telecommunications AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - VHF COMMUNICATIONS USAGE BY U.S. RAILROADS PY - 1977 SP - 274 p. AB - The document provides a comprehensive overview of radio communications and channel spectrum usage in the rail transportation industry. It reviews much of the data analyzed and methodologies/logic on which The Summary of Findings and Recommendations are based. Considerable focus is given to the growth of radio communication usage and associated safety and economic related achievements which resulted. Addressed are the impacts posed by a loss or reassignment of channel spectrum. The countermeasures available to preserve the achievements in safety and operating command control categories are also included in this research study effort. The need to document through research study the importance of radio communications usage so as to provide a more clear understanding throughout Federal/State governmental agencies, industry carriers, communications community and railroad labor organizations was a key motivation to pursue the effort. The critical concern of the FRA was to scope the safety and economic impacting value contribution. KW - Communication systems KW - Data KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergency procedures KW - Frequency allocation KW - Frequency response KW - Government regulations KW - Information processing KW - Inventory KW - Operating strategies KW - Positive train control KW - Radio KW - Radio transmitters KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroads KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - Spectrum analysis KW - Train radio KW - Utilization KW - Very high frequency KW - Yard operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/75688 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00196100 AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - METHODS FOR TESTING ROLLING STOCK AT THE EXPERIMENTAL LOOP OF TSNII MRT T2 - METODIKI ISPYTANII PODVIZHNOGO SOSTAVANA EKSPERIMENTAL' NOM KOL'TSE TSNII MPS PY - 1977 SP - 13 p. AB - This paper describes procedures for four types of tests on the Shcherbinka test track: (1) Cars with axle loads from 20.5 to 25 tons to be appraised with respect to wear, damage and residual deformation of track and rolling stock components; (2) Composition brake shoes and related wheel wear; (3) Dynamic and load testing of locomotives and multiple-unit cars prior to delivery; (4) Efficiency and operational characteristics of diesel-electric locomotives prior to delivery. KW - Axle loads KW - Brake shoes KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric multiple unit cars KW - Former Soviet Union KW - High axle loads KW - Performance analysis KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroads KW - Shcherbinka test track KW - Test facilities KW - Test tracks KW - Vehicle components KW - Wear KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/87913 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00190364 AU - Filonov, S P AU - Transport Publishing House TI - TYPE 2TE116 DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE T2 - TEPLOVOZ 2TE116 PY - 1977 SP - 320 p. AB - This book presents basic technical data on the diesel locomotive. The equipment installed on the locomotive is described and some information is provided on equipment tuning. Primary attention is devoted to the diesel engine, pneumatic and hydraulic systems, auxiliary equipment, electrical systems, and other apparatus. The principles of operation and tuning of the electric transmission are examined in detail. This book is intended for diesel locomotive engineers and their aides and depot employees. KW - Car body KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Diesel engines KW - Generators KW - Motor vehicle bodies KW - Motors KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Traction KW - Traction drives KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82357 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00185357 AU - USSR Ministry of Railways TI - MEASURES FOR ENSURING THE NORMAL OPERATION OF DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE COOLING SYSTEMS UNDER WINTER OPERATION CONDITIONS T2 - MEROPRIYATIYA PO OBESPECHENIUY NORMAL'NOY RABOTY TEPLOVOZNYKH KHOLODIL'NIKOV VIMNIKH USLOVIYAKH EKSPLUATATSII PY - 1977 SP - 8 p. AB - Given are the measures and recommendations developed at TsNII (the All-Union Order of the Red Banner of Labor Scientific Research Institute of Railroad Transport) of the U.S.S.R. Ministry of Railway Transport for the prevention of failures of air-oil cooling systems on paired-unit TE3 diesel locomotives in winter time. Design modifications made on the TE3 diesel locomotive for operating in very low temperatures are described; the principle employed is to raise the temperature of the ambient air around the cooling system by means of mixing cold outside air with air heated in the cooling system and blown by the ventilator. Provided are additional technical requirements developed for the operation of air-oil cooling systems with hydrodynamic and hydrostatic driven fans on 2TE10L and TEP60 diesel locomotives with outside temperatures as low as minus 55 degrees C. Findings from tests on a TE3 diesel locomotive are given; this locomotive is one of a series on which a mechanism is used to reduce rarefaction in the diesel compartment and engineer's cab. KW - Cold weather KW - Cooling systems KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Heating KW - Low temperature KW - Operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/77475 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00185356 AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE OPERATIONAL QUALITY OF TRACK, AND TECHNICAL DEVICES USED TO CHECK AND EVALUATE TRACK CONDITION T2 - METODY OPREDELENIYA EKSPLUATATSIONNYKH KACHESTV PUTI I TEKHNICHESKIE SREDSTVA, PRIMENYAEMYE DLIA PROVERKI I OTSENKI SOSTOYANIYA PUTI PY - 1977 SP - 10 p. AB - The system of track inspection (including frequency of inspection, methods used, and components checked) guarantees a timely detection of deviations from established maintenance standards and of defects in the track; such deviations and defects may have an adverse impact on the regularity of train traffic. Given are the types of track inspections and checks, which are subdivided according to the times at which they are performed. A table is included that presents the priorities and times for track inspections and checks by officials. Listed are the areas for which inspections reveal visually perceptible violations of the soundness of track components, and their deficiencies and failures in meeting maintenance standards. Given are the types of track-measuring devices used to identify places where there are gross divergencies from standards and tolerances for rail gage maintenance and to identify parameters that do not lend themselves to visual inspection. Specified are the conditions considered to be sufficient for maintaining mainline, receiving, and departure tracks in good working order. The procedure for evaluating the operational quality of track in terms of the track's strength and condition is described. KW - Defects KW - Gauge measuring devices KW - Inspection KW - Maintenance of way KW - Measuring instruments KW - Railroad tracks KW - Standards KW - Track defects KW - Track inspection KW - Track standards UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/77474 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185227 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Allison, Thomas G AU - Transportation Research Board TI - A GOVERNMENT VIEW OF ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 83-85 AB - Title V of the 4R Act makes provision for government assistance for railroad electrification. Reasons that no applications have been made for such assistance are discussed. Direct funding of electrification or government ownership of electrification facilities with leases that allow costs to be operational rather than capital are a possibility ultimately. Railroad industry support for assistance on electrification would be necessary; it is unlikely that Congress would force such steps on a reluctant industry. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Financing KW - Government funding KW - Legislation KW - National transportation policies KW - Railroad electrification KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80748 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185222 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Howell, Richard P AU - Transportation Research Board TI - IMPLEMENTING AN ELECTRIFICATION PROGRAM: THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROJECT PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 20-23 AB - The NECIP involves the first major U.S. electrification in almost two generations. It involves two entirely separate segments--planning, design and construction of an entirely new system between New Haven and Boston, and conversion and rehabilitation of the existing system between Washington and New Haven. It was recommended that the entire system be designed and constructed to facilitate 25-kV 60-Hz operation. Discussed are the technical and economic issues, design and construction costs, and environmental impact. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Construction projects KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80743 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185223 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Alston, Liviu L AU - Transportation Research Board TI - SUMMARY TO RAILROAD ELECTIFICATION: THE ISSUES PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 72-73 AB - Since the end of World War II, U.S. railroads have not considered the price of electrification worth paying. Meanwhile, electrification has proceeded rapidly elsewhere. The main difference is that U.S. railways are privately owned, while others are state owned. Major benefits of electrification accrue over many years after an initial negative impact on cash flow. Financing remains a major deterrent despite demonstrated operating advantages. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Capital KW - Financing KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80744 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185226 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Livingston, Henry H AU - Transportation Research Board TI - A FINANCIAL VIEW OF ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 79-83 AB - The high capital requirements and long pay-back cycles for investments in railway electrification are major deterrents in the U.S. Some methods for overcoming these problems are discussed. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Energy crisis KW - Energy resources KW - Financing KW - Government policies KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Railroad electrification KW - Return on investment KW - Taxation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80747 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185221 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Lamphier, Thomas J AU - Transportation Research Board TI - AN EXAMINATION OF SOME ECONOMIC OBSTACLES TO ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 10-12 AB - Although viewing eventual electrification of heavy-traffic mainlines as inevitable, the author cites environmental, operational and technical obsolescence problems which need to be examined and overcome before U.S. railroads will electrify. The challenge of further mergers and computer controlled operations must be met, as well as the building of coal slurry pipelines. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Electric locomotives KW - Environmental impacts KW - Industry structure KW - Management information systems KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification KW - Technological forecasting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80742 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185224 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Simpson, Walter W AU - Transportation Research Board TI - A RAILROAD VIEW OF ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 74-76 AB - Some general advantages and disadvantages of electrification are discussed, along with specific problems associated with Southern's study of the electrification of its main line between Cincinnati and Atlanta. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Capital KW - Energy crisis KW - Energy resources KW - Financing KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification KW - Return on investment KW - Southern Railway UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80745 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00185225 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Harvey, Scott B AU - Transportation Research Board TI - AN ECONOMIC VIEW OF RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 76-79 AB - Despite certain operating advantages, railroads regard electrification as a marginal investment. Economic and energy benefits are not now large enough to merit extensive private investment. Failure to electrify is not a failure to adopt the best possible technology but is really a reflection of conditions in an industry that is already highly capital intensive. Major electrification has to await basic changes in the industry's financial condition. Government-sponsored demonstrations may reduce uncertainty; resolution of basic uncertainties surrounding national transportation and energy policies is also required. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Capital KW - Economic analysis KW - Energy crisis KW - Energy resources KW - Financing KW - National transportation policies KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification KW - Return on investment KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/80746 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182886 AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - SUMMARIZATION OF THE EXPERIENCE IN OPERATING CATENARY NETWORK AND DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CATENARY NETWORK FOR TRAIN TRAFFIC CONDITIONS ON EXISTING RAILROAD LINES WITH SPEEDS UP TO 200 KM/HR T2 - OBOBSCHENIE OPYTA EKSPLUATATSII KONTAKTNOI SETI I RAZRABOTKA TEKHNICHESKIKH TREBOVANII K NEY DLYA USLOVII DVIZHENYA POEZDOV NA SUSCHESTVUIUSCHIKH ZHELEZNODOROZHNYKH LINIYAKH SO SKOROSTYAMI DO 100 KM/CH PY - 1977 SP - 14 p. AB - The improvement of pantographs has been the principal means of achieving alternating current electric rolling stock traffic running at speeds up to 200 km/hr on the Soviet railroads. Characteristics of catenary suspensions utilized on the Moscow-Leningrad line are given, as well as those of the levered catenary mounted on several anchor sections for operational testing. The paper also includes the following: results of tests on two TS-6M pantographs with automatic control of the ChS 200 electric locomotive operating at a maximum speed of 210 km/hr, and the operational experience of running the multiple-unit ER-200 train on the Moscow-Leningrad line. Also listed are the technical requirements for the catenary network on alternating current suitable for running trains at speeds up to 200 km/hr. KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Electric locomotives KW - High speed rail KW - Multiple unit trains KW - Pantographs KW - Railroad electrification KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76058 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182788 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION COST RESEARCH PROGRAM PY - 1977 SP - 94 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Development KW - Research KW - Research and development UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76005 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182790 AU - Match Institution AU - Booker T. Washington Foundation TI - RAILROADS: BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES FOR MINORITY-OWNED BUSINESSES PY - 1977 SP - 12 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Industry structure KW - Minorities KW - Purchasing UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76007 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182891 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD EMPLOYEE FATALITIES INVESTIGATED IN 1975 PY - 1977 SP - 143 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Crash investigation KW - Crash rates KW - Employees KW - Fatalities KW - Personnel KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76063 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182881 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS FOR TWO-AXLE FREIGHT CAR TRUCKS FOR LONG-TERM USAGE CONDITIONS T2 - TREBOVANIYA K KONSTRUKTSII DVUKHOSNYKH TELEZHEK GRUZOVYKH VAGONOV DLYA PERSPEKTIVNYKH USLOVIY EKSPLUATATSII PY - 1977 SP - 96 p. AB - An analysis is given of existing designs and trends in the modern design of freight car trucks. Criteria are formulated for making engineering estimates of the running gear of cars. The results are given of studies of the dynamics of freight cars for the purpose of improving their running and operating properties for increased speeds. Recommendations are given on the selection of key parameters for two-axle freight car trucks. The material presented in this monograph will be useful in solving problems in improving the design of modernizing running gear of existing cars, taking into account long-term usage conditions. The technical papers included in this document are: (1) Criteria for estimating Dynamic Properties and Performance of Freight Car Trucks; (2) Dynamic Properties and Performance of the TsNII-Kh3-0 Trucks and Improving the Design of Four-Wheel Trucks; (3) Theoretical Studies of the Dynamics of Freight Cars and Selection of Key Parameters of Running Gear; (4) Selection of Spring Suspension Parameters for the Purpose of Reducing the Rate of Lateral Oscillations of Cars. KW - Dynamics KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Lateral stability KW - Performance analysis KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Service life KW - Technology KW - Truck dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Two axle cars KW - Vehicle components KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79546 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182885 JO - Elektriceskaja i Teplovoznaja Tjaga AU - BELYAEV, I A AU - USSR Ministry of Railways TI - CONSTANT TENSION CATENARY SUSPENSION T2 - RAVNOELASTICHNAYA KONTAKTNAYA PODVESKA PY - 1977 IS - 2 SP - 2 p. AB - Following exhaustive research, the All-Union Order of the Red Banner of Labor Scientific Research Institute of Railroad Transport (TsNII) has developed a solution to the problem of deficiencies in the static and dynamic characteristics of pantographs and catenary suspension; these deficiencies cause sections of the contact wire to wear out and thereby necessitate replacement of the wire. The solution proposed is a catenary system of absolutely constant tension. This system makes use of the torsional action of the messenger wire produced by a level suspension unit. Procedures for mounting the levered catenary in compensated, semicompensated, and rhombic arrangements are provided, as well as data obtained from a broad experimental research base. Also given are special mounting procedures for traffic speeds over 160 km/hr and the levered catenary's advantages over sprung catenary. KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Contact wire KW - High speed rail KW - Pantographs KW - Railroad electrification KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79548 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00178943 AU - McCabe, D M AU - Cornell University TI - THE CREW SIZE DISPUTE IN THE RAILROAD INDUSTRY PY - 1977 SP - 693 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Attitudes KW - Brakemen KW - Conductors KW - Labor agreements KW - Labor relations KW - Labor unions KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Morale KW - Personnel KW - Productivity KW - Strikes KW - Train crew requirements KW - Train crews KW - Trainmen KW - Work rules UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/71104 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00176904 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - LAWS, RULES, AND INSTRUCTION FOR INSPECTION AND TESTING OF LOCOMOTIVES OTHER THAN STEAM PY - 1977 SP - 124 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Electric locomotives KW - Government regulations KW - Inspection KW - Locomotives KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - Safety standards KW - Standards UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/70267 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173807 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - CORNEIL, E R AU - Transportation Research Board TI - CANADIAN RAILWAY ELECTRIFICATION STUDY: PHASE 1 PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 27-34 AB - This is a summary of a 764-page report by the Canadian Institute of Guided Ground Transport of a study financed by Canada's Department of Transport. It is concluded that benefits of electrification would accrue not solely to railways, reducing reliance on imported oil, enhancing employment opportunities and having other effects on Canada's domestic economy. It is proposed that 9500 miles of lines carrying more than 400 million gross tons annually be electrified over 30 years. An initial prototype operation would be implemented on an existing mainline. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Canada KW - Capital KW - National transportation policies KW - Railroad electrification KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72754 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173810 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Craven, E R AU - Transportation Research Board TI - ELECTRIFICATION AND RAILROAD ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 13-16 AB - While predicting electrification of mainline railroads in the western states, the author assesses the causes of the present wait-and-see attitude as uncertainty over federal energy policy, the high initial capital investment in facilities and locomotives, the restricted service applications, and the necessity of a high volume of traffic. Advantages which could accrue from such a stop are also summarized. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Financing KW - Government policies KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Railroad electrification KW - Western States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72757 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173803 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Schwarm, Edward G AU - Transportation Research Board TI - CAPITAL AND MAINTENANCE COSTS FOR FIXED RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION FACILITIES PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 42-47 AB - This paper discusses fixed-facility costs, including those for catenary, substations and interconnections to utilities. It also considers the effects on existing signal systems of electrification. Estimated costs are developed. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Capital KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Cost estimating KW - Electric substations KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - Estimates KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Railroad electrification KW - Signal systems KW - Traffic signal control systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72750 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173801 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Raposa, Frank L AU - Transportation Research Board TI - IMPACT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 54-60 AB - While no technological break-throughs would seem to make obsolete current electrification technology, certain research and development projects which could be implemented in the next decade could result in significant savings in both capital and operating costs. Among the areas discussed are the utility interface, catenary design, locomotive technology and potential payoff for such investigations. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Adhesion KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Development KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Electric substations KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - Public utilities KW - Railroad electrification KW - Regeneration KW - Regenerators KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Utilities UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72748 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173802 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Kendall, Hugh C AU - Transportation Research Board TI - INTERFERENCE OF ELECTRIFICATION WITH SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 47-54 AB - The problems with electromagnetic and electrostatic induction and other complications of railway electrification are discussed. Track circuits must be immune to traction currents and methods of accomplishing this are explained. Per-kilometer costs of converting a double track railroad for electrification are given. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Cost estimating KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - Estimates KW - Inductive interference KW - Railroad electrification KW - Track circuits UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72749 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173804 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Calder, Graham S W AU - Transportation Research Board TI - MAINTENANCE OF DIESEL AND ELECTRIC MOTIVE POWER PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 39-42 AB - The costs, results and problems of electric locomotives operating in the United Kingdom are compared with diesel-electric locomotives operating under similar conditions. Both operating and maintenance costs are discussed. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Electric locomotives KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotives KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Railroad electrification KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72751 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173806 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Meeker, Merton D AU - Transportation Research Board TI - LOCOMOTIVE COSTS: A RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION ISSUE PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 35-37 AB - From worldwide experience it appears that a fleet of electric locomotives will cost about 90% of the equivalent diesel-electric ownership, that the economic life will be twice as long and that electric locomotive maintenance is about one third that of diesel-electrics. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Capital KW - Cost estimating KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Estimates KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotives KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Railroad electrification KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72753 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173811 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Reistrup, Paul H AU - Transportation Research Board TI - AMTRAK'S VIEW OF RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 8-9 AB - Predicting that there will be an expansion of electrification beyond that which will be part of the Northeast Corridor Improvement Project, the author sees finance as the major barrier. Some of the problems of Corridor operation with the proposed new system are discussed, as well as some of the advantages of locomotive-hauled and multiple-unit trains. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Electric multiple unit cars KW - Financing KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity passenger services KW - Locomotive hauled KW - Locomotive operations KW - Metroliner (Express train) KW - Multiple unit trains KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger service KW - Railroad electrification UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72758 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173808 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Ross, Blair A AU - Transportation Research Board TI - UTILITY SERVICE TO ELECTRIFIED RAILROADS PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 24-27 AB - When limitations with respect to voltage unbalance and single-phase loading are observed, a railroad's single-phase load can be served without harmful effects to a utility system's generating or distribution equipment. Supply of power to mobile loads of an individual railroad at several different locations, in most cases by several utility companies, poses problems concerning rates, regulatory tariffs and legal obligations not previously encountered by American utilities. Railroads, utilities and government will have to face issues that include changes in operating techniques and new concepts of rate structures and contractual arrangements. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Electric power supply KW - Government regulations KW - Public utilities KW - Railroad electrification KW - Regulations KW - Utilities UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72755 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173809 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Fishbein, Richard AU - Transportation Research Board TI - FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS OF RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 16-19 AB - Electrification of 10,000 route miles in the U.S. having traffic density of 40 million gross tons per year is estimated to cost $2 billion, the largest investment in roadway and structures that railroads would make since original construction of the lines. With certain exceptions, it would be difficult for railroads to finance such projects from their own resources. With proper return on investment, four options are proposed: Sale of mortgage bonds, common stock equity, leasing, and project financing. In any case, government participation will be required. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Capital KW - Financing KW - Government funding KW - Leasing KW - National transportation policies KW - Railroad electrification KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72756 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00173805 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Ephraim, Max AU - Transportation Research Board TI - MAINTENANCE AND CAPITAL COSTS OF LOCOMOTIVES PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - pp 38-39 AB - Maintenance costs of electric and diesel-electric locomotives will vary considerably depending on the service. Maintenance costs of electrics will be 30 to 60% of comparable diesel electrics. Life expectancy is similar at 25 years with both types subject to technology obsolescence. First costs will not be greatly different. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Cost estimating KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Electric locomotives KW - Estimates KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotives KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Railroad electrification KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/sr/sr180/180-009.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/72752 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00117491 AU - MB Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RESEARCH LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN HANDLING EVALUATOR DEFINITION--CONCEPT 1 PY - 1977 SP - 682 p. AB - No abstract available. KW - Cost estimating KW - Crash investigation KW - Estimates KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Railroad simulators KW - Simulation KW - Test facilities KW - Train operations KW - Training KW - Training devices KW - Training simulators UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/27621 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00170110 JO - Transportation Research Board Special Report PB - Transportation Research Board AU - Transportation Research Board TI - RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION: THE ISSUES PY - 1977 IS - 180 SP - 85 p. AB - This publication contains the presentations at the TRB Conference on Railroad Electrification: The Issues in June 1977 and at the TRB Annual Meeting in January 1977. The following papers are included: The advanatages of Electrifying the Nation's Railroads; Amtrak's View of Railroad Electrification; An Examination of some Economic Obstacles to Electrification; Electrification and Railroad Organization and Operations; Financial Considerations of Railroad Electrification; Implementing an Electrification Program: The Northeast Corridor Improvement Project; Utility Service to Electrified Railroads; Canadian Railway Electrification Study: Phase 1; Locomotive Costs: A Railroad Electrification Issue; Maintenance and Capital Costs of Locomotives; Maintenance of Diesel and Electric Motive Power; Capital and Maintenance Costs for Fixed Railroad Electrification Facilities; Interference of Electrification with Signaling and Communication Systems; Impact of Research and Develompent on Railroad Electrification; A Railroad View of Electrification; An Economic View of Railroad Electrification; A Financial View of Electrification; A Government View of Electrification. U1 - Conference on Railroad Electrification: The IssuesFederal Railroad AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia,United States StartDate:19770613 EndDate:19770615 Sponsors:Federal Railroad Administration KW - Amtrak KW - Analysis KW - Canada KW - Capital KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Economic analysis KW - Electric locomotives KW - Financing KW - Government policies KW - Interference KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Public utilities KW - Railroad electrification KW - Utilities UR - http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/sr/sr180.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/60869 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00169198 AU - Early, J G AU - National Bureau of Standards AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF A CARBON-MANGANESE PRESSURE VESSEL STEEL PY - 1977 SP - 7 p. AB - The short-time effects of stress and temperature on the mechanical properties of a carbon-manganese pressure vessel steel were investigated using room- and elevated-temperature tensile tests and short-time creep-rupture tests. The tensile test results indicated that strain aging effects were not observed in the temperature range 1100 F to 1250 F. Analysis of the creep-rupture data, in the range 1150 F to 1250 F, by the Larson-Miller method using the procedures of Manson and Mendelson provided a value of 20.7 for the material constant, C. In the temperature and stress regime studied, a linear relationship was observed between log(stress) and log(time-to-rupture). Fractographic analyses revealed a common fracture mode in all specimens tested. The fracture mode is described as an intermediate type, containing features of both transgranular and intergranular fracture. KW - Alloy steel KW - Alloys KW - Carbon steel KW - Creep KW - Creep rupture strength KW - Creep rupture tests KW - Creep tests KW - Fatigue strength KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Fracture properties KW - High temperature KW - Manganese KW - Manganese containing alloys KW - Metallurgy KW - Pressure vessels KW - Railroad materials KW - Steel KW - Strength of materials KW - Tank car construction materials KW - Tank cars KW - Tensile properties KW - Tension tests KW - Tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57759 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137305 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0131 PY - 1976/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 6-D7I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050103CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None***FILE 2: Name-050103CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44793 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170280 AU - Brown, T E AU - Grahl, R F AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company TI - DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, FABRICATION, AND TESTING OF A SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSER FOR A HIGH-POWER THREE-PHASE TRACTION DRIVE PY - 1976/12 SP - 100 p. AB - This report documents the synchronous machine, referred to as a synchronous condenser, which, in the tracked levitated research vehicle (TLRV), provides line commutation for the inverter and power factor correction for the linear induction motor. The machine also incorporates features permitting its use as a synchronous alternator or motor in a wide range of conventional and advanced ground transportation applications. The machine provides a very high specific power density (1.7 kVA/lb) and voltage rating (7150 V, line-to-line, RMS), principally through the use of direct liquid cooling of both the stator and rotor windings and other elements of the machine (i.e., bearings, brushes, sliprings, etc.). Deionized water is used as the cooling liquid. KW - Advanced systems KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Electric power supply KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Inverters KW - Linear induction motors KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) KW - Tracked vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58177 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143989 AU - Transportation Research Board AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD SAFETY RESEARCH PY - 1976/12 SP - 686 p. AB - This Special Bibliography prepared from the magnetic-tape files of the Railroad Research Information Service, contains selections which were accessioned between 1973 and 1976. Although the literature in a few cases dates back three decades, all listings are considered pertinent to contemporary railroad safety problems. The volume is divided into three main categories: Improved track structures research; Rail vehicle safety research; and Improved inspection, detection and testing research. There are 4,368 listings, involving 3,131 abstracts of research reports and journal articles, and descriptions of computer programs with some individual citations. The categories are based on the functional responsibilities of the groups comprising the staff of the FRA Office of Rail Safety Research. KW - Abstracts KW - Bibliographies KW - Car design KW - Computer programming KW - Control devices KW - Detection and identification KW - Detectors KW - Dynamics KW - Hazardous materials KW - Human factors KW - Human factors engineering KW - Improvements KW - Inspection KW - Intersections KW - Life cycle analysis KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotives KW - Performance evaluations KW - Prevention KW - Problem solving KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Rolling stock KW - Safety KW - Safety engineering KW - Tests KW - Track inspection KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62499 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00159352 AU - Richardson, L AU - Richardson Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PROCUREMENT PLANS AND PROCEDURES FOR THE NEC IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM PY - 1976/12 SP - 70 p. AB - The study presents the results of an analysis of alternative plans and procedures for procuring materials and equipment essential to the NEC Project. The purpose is to assist the NEC Project in identifying and implementing procurement plans, to consider how the NEC might coordinate the program's procurement needs, and to document and describe a detailed set of procedures that may be utilized by the technical staff to monitor demand/supply trends. KW - Construction projects KW - Contracts KW - Decision making KW - Equipment KW - Maintenance of way KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Materials KW - Materials management KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Planning KW - Procurement KW - Project management KW - Purchasing KW - Railroads KW - Systems management UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/51023 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00159351 AU - Richardson Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING NEC CONSTRUCTION LABOR COSTS PY - 1976/12 SP - 83 p. AB - The study presents the findings and conclusions of the factors affecting the net total labor costs of the principal NEC construction work packages depending on whether the work is performed by Amtrak with its forces or is contracted out to construction firms by either Amtrak or the FRA. The purpose of this cost study is to provide the FRA's NEC Project staff with a set of guidelines for structuring the NEC construction work packages for assignment. KW - Amtrak KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Construction projects KW - Contractors KW - Contracts KW - Cost engineering KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Decision making KW - Estimates KW - Labor market KW - Maintenance of way KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/51022 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151855 AU - Dietrich, R J AU - Salley, J R AU - Shannon and Wilson, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - EMBANKMENT SUPPORT FOR KANSAS TEST TRACK. ANALYSIS OF EMBANKMENT INSTRUMENT DATA PY - 1976/12 SP - 126 p. AB - Static and dynamic data collected from the embankment instrumentation at the Kansas Test Track are summarized in this report. The static data included permanent horizontal and vertical deformation measurements, moisture contents, and temperatures taken at intervals between the end of embankment construction in Fall 1971 to the opening of the track for traffic in October 1974. Data were also collected through April 1975 after the track was opened to traffic. Dynamic instrument response was measured at three periods between October 1974 and April 1975. The dynamic data include horizontal and vertical deformations and embankment pressure under traffic loads. The static and dynamic response and performance of each test section are analyzed, and the results are summarized. KW - Data collection KW - Deformation KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Embankments KW - Instrumentation KW - Kansas test track KW - Loads KW - Measurement KW - Moisture content KW - Pressure KW - Pressure measurements KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Soil tests KW - Soils KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Track response investigations KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Unconventional track UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47916 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00149446 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL PLANNING MANUAL. PRELIMINARY BIBLIOGRAPHY PY - 1976/12 SP - 52 p. AB - This Preliminary Bibliography, a supplement to Volume II of the Rail Planning Manual due for future distribution, was prepared to offer a timely planning resource to agencies facing increased involvement in rail planning. This bibliography presents three types of information. Section A, General References, describes documentation and reference materials related to the following topics: Organization for State Rail Planning, Light Density Lines, Mainline Planning, Special Studies, Participation and Coordination, Implementation and Administration, Rail Planning Related to Statewide Transportation Planning. Section B presents a compilation of important data sources. Section C lists pertinent items of legislation and regulation. KW - Abandonment KW - Bibliographies KW - Branch lines KW - Government planning KW - Government regulations KW - Governments KW - Legislation KW - Light density lines KW - Planning KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Railroad traffic KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regional rail reorganization act KW - Regulations KW - State departments of transportation KW - State government KW - State rail plan KW - States KW - Statistics KW - Traffic density KW - Transportation planning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/64793 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151720 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.13 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: RYE STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 64 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New York (State) KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47833 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151719 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.3 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1976/12 SP - 352 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This Report summarizes the development of schematic plans for all of the 16 station locations studied in Task 12. It provides Summary Tables of the Station Development, Patronage, Parking and Costs. It also includes the Synopsis and the primary drawings selected from the full sets of Schematic Drawings for each station. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47832 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151211 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TASK 12.10. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: METROPARK STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 57 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47693 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151249 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.17 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: PROVIDENCE UNION STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 81 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Rhode Island KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47725 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151208 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TASK 12.16. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: NEW LONDON STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 62 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Connecticut KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47690 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151210 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TASK 12.19. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: BOSTON SOUTH STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 75 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Boston (Massachusetts) KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47692 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151250 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.8 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: CORNWELLS HEIGHTS STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 64 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Pennsylvania KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47726 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151209 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TASK 12.18. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: ROUTE 128 STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 73 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47691 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151143 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TASK 12.9. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: TRENTON STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 159 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Platforms KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47643 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151144 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM TASK 12.15. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: NEW HAVEN STATION PY - 1976/12 SP - 91 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Connecticut KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Platforms KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47644 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00148597 AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PROCEEDINGS MANUAL. FREIGHT CAR UTILIZATION SEMINAR PY - 1976/12 SP - 180 p. AB - This Seminar, held in Chicago in November 1976, indicates what the research of the Freight Car Utilization Research Demonstration Program had produced to that time. The Subjects: Preliminary Lessons of Freight Car Utilization Research; Improving Utilization: Buffer Storage, Freight Car Scheduling from an Operating Man's View, Improving Car Control; Strategy for Utilization Improvement; Fleet Sizing; Utilization Performance Evaluation; Car Movement and Distribution. KW - Car supply (Railroads) KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Development KW - Fleet management KW - Fleet planning KW - Freight car shortage KW - Freight cars KW - Freight transportation KW - Loading and unloading KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management planning KW - Planning KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Shippers KW - Traffic managers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/64314 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147710 AU - Jacobs, M E AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION: MULTIPLE UNIT THROTTLE CONTROL TO CONSERVE FUEL PY - 1976/12 SP - 31 p. AB - From the results of the tests performed on the Kansas City Southern in regular freight service significant fuel savings were realized by using a semi-automatic throttle control device or "fuel saver" system to take one or more units of the locomotive consist off line when the available power and tractive effort exceeded the demand. This procedure effectively lowered the horsepower per ton ratio of the train and decreased the rate of fuel consumption. For the particular set of operating conditions tested the average fuel savings in percent reached 16.3% at a ruling grade of 0.5%. A prime ingredient for the effective use of such a device was the operating locomotive engineer. For the conditions encountered, testing of the fuel saver did not affect the total test time or the average operating speed. Using the ratio of thousand gross ton miles per gallon (MGTM/GAL) as a barometer of increased fuel efficiency indicated a possible trend toward greater fuel savings when using the throttle control device at increasingly higher operating speeds. For this test series the data results were inconclusive with respect to the correlation between the number of units of the consist in fuel save and the total gallons consumed. As presented in this report, the preliminary results have confirmed the application of the throttle control device as an effective means to reduce fuel consumption in an operating locomotive consist. KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Fuel conservation KW - Fuel consumption KW - Kansas City Southern Railway KW - Locomotive operations KW - Multiple unit systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63874 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00148276 AU - Sussman, E D AU - Ofsevit, D AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - STUDIES OF FREIGHT TRAIN ENGINEER PERFORMANCE SN - TSC-642 PY - 1976/12 SP - 72 p. AB - As a part of the International Government-Industry Program on Track Train Dynamics, the performance of engineers in freight train handling was studied by recording and analyzing train operations and engineer responses under field conditions. Data collection took place during regular revenue freight operations over five representative railroads containing varied terrain and operating conditions. Data collection was accomplished by using a digital data aquisition system specifically designed for this study. Levels of engineer performance was evaluated through the use of an objective rating form specifically designed for this study. Scores on this form was correlated with digitally recorded data. Engineers were found to consistently respond to changes in locomotive drawbar force as indicated on the cab loadmeter. Higher-rated engineers tended to make fewer and more accurate responses than lower-rated engineers. No systematic pattern of response to cab accelerations was found, nor was a systematic change in smoothness of performance revealed over the length of a trip. Frequency of the use of various controls was found to depend more on railroad terrain and procedures then on indicidual engineer skills. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Control devices KW - Data collection KW - Human factors KW - Instrumentation KW - Locomotive controls KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotive operations KW - Locomotives KW - Train operations KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/64155 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147711 AU - Johnson, M R AU - IIT Research Institute TI - EVALUATION OF PROTOTYPE HEAD SHIELD FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIAL TANK CAR PY - 1976/12 SP - 60 p. AB - The structural integrity of a prototype tank car head shield for hazardous material railroad tank cars was evaluated under conditions of freight car coupling at moderate to high speeds. This is one of the most severe environments encountered in normal railroad service. Two versions of the shield were tested. They were installed on a DOT Spec. 112A340W tank car and instrumented to measure forces at the points of attachment between the shield and the car. Test data were obtained when the car was impacted into standing cars over a 3 to 9 mph speed range. The tests produced no visible damage to the shield or the structure connecting it to the tank car, but they demonstrated the presence of severe vibrations resulting from the car impact. The likelihood of fatigue damage was indicated in the connecting structural members where the weight of the shield was supported. Modifications to the supporting structure are recommended before proceeding with additional impact tests and over-the-road tests. KW - Couplers KW - Failure KW - Impact protection KW - Occupant protection devices KW - Railroad safety KW - Safety KW - Tank car heads KW - Tank car safety KW - Tank cars KW - Tests UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63875 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147713 AU - Hammitt, A G AU - Hammitt (Andrew G) Associates TI - AERODYNAMIC FORCES ON FREIGHT TRAINS. VOLUME 1: WIND TUNNEL TESTS OF CONTAINERS AND TRAILERS ON FLATCARS PY - 1976/12 SP - 150 p. AB - The aerodynamic forces on trailers and containers on flatcars have been measured in wind tunnel tests. The forces were measured on the central car of a five-car train consisting of a locomotive, three flatcars with various loadings and a boxcar. Tests were made over a range of yaw angles and with different loadings. Standard trailers, containers and flatcars were tested as well as a variety of modifications designed to improve the aerodynamic performance. In addition to the railroad-car tests, a series of blocks simulating containers and trailer bodies were tested to determine the effect of gap spacing, corner radius, and surface roughness. The flatcars loaded with containers were found to have about forty percent less drag than when loaded with trailers. Various modifications that reduced the frontal area of the trailers or filled in the empty space between the trailer body and the car were all found to be effective in reducing the drag. Gap spacing size had little effect until it became of the order of the body width, and then the drag increased with increased spacing. Side and lift forces are chiefly caused by yaw angle and side area. The forces act near the centroid of the side area, but when the gap spacing becomes large they move farther forward. The research reported is intended to increase the knowledge base in understanding the aerodynamic drag component of trail resistance. KW - Container on flat car KW - Containers KW - Drag KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Railroad trains KW - Resistance (Mechanics) KW - Tonnage ratings KW - Trailer on flat car KW - Trailers KW - Train resistance KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wind UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63877 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147701 AU - Pehrson, V W AU - Shaw, P L AU - Suddards, A D AU - Willetts, T A AU - Electrack Incorporated TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT. TASK 16: ELECTRIFICATION SYSTEMS AND STANDARDS PY - 1976/12 SP - 387 p. AB - This report studies catenary systems for the 150 mile/h train service proposed for the Northeast Corridor with electrification at 25 kV 60 Hz. Following a review of high speed catenaries, a computer simulation is used to show that current collection by multiple unit trains fitted with existing pantographs, running under existing catenaries between Washington and New Haven, will be satisfactory only at temperatures typically within the range 40 degrees F to 90 degrees F. Some deterioration will occur outside this range. Recommendations include minor modifications to catenaries between Washington and New York, and between Stamford and New Haven; major changes to the catenary between New York and Stamford, and development of pantograph with improved dynamic performance. An autotensioned compound catenary with 210 foot spans is proposed for new 150 mile/h electrification between New Haven and Boston. The levels of interference with trackside communication and signal circuits have been computed, showing that existing mitigation measures are inadequate. Possible improvements are discussed and further study is recommended. The power demand of proposed traffic is analyzed and recommendations made for the power supply network. Finally, estimated costs of associated engineering and construction worl for catenary and power supply are provided. KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Electric power collection KW - Electric power generation and transmission KW - Electric power supply KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - High speed rail KW - Inductive interference KW - Multiple unit trains KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Pantographs KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification KW - Signaling KW - Telecommunications UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63865 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00169276 AU - Kerr, P A AU - Martland, C D AU - Sussman, J M AU - Philip, C E AU - Massachusetts Institute of Technology AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - STUDIES IN RAILROAD OPERATIONS AND ECONOMICS. VOLUME 14. MODELS FOR INVESTIGATING TRAIN CONNECTION RELIABILITY AT RAIL CLASSIFICATION YARDS PY - 1976/11 SP - 141 p. AB - This report presents models for predicting train connection performances at rail freight classification yards. The probability of making a connection is influenced by the time available to make the connection, dispatching policy, traffic volumes, priorities, train reliability, and overall yard performance. The report contains models of the probability of making a train connection that were calibrated for four Southern Railway hump yards. These models can be used with train schedule information to predict average yard times. In this report, several examples demonstrate ways to improve yard performances: avoiding tightly scheduled connections, revising train schedules, improving train reliability, reducing train and block cancellations, and adjusting classification policy as the traffic mix changes. Several of these are illustrated with data developed during the Southern Case Study. The report closes with recommendations for improving yard performance. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Cargo handling KW - Expediting KW - Freight cars KW - Freight trains KW - Hump yards KW - Mathematical models KW - Operating strategies KW - Quality of service KW - Railroad transportation KW - Reliability KW - Scheduling KW - Southern Railway KW - Traffic delays KW - Train delays KW - Train operations KW - Yard operations KW - Yard performance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/57802 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167278 AU - Johns, T G AU - Davies, K B AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - A PRELIMINARY DESCRIPTION OF STRESSES IN RAILROAD RAIL PY - 1976/11 SP - 136 p. AB - One portion of the Federal Railroad Administration's (FRA) Track Performance Improvement Program is the development of engineering and analytic techniques required for the design and maintenance of railroad track of increased integrity and safety. Under the program management of the Transportation Systems Center (TSC), one portion of this program predicts the reliability of rail in track. A necessary requirement for the development of these techniques is the ability of determining the stress and strain history of the rails in service. This is necessary to form a more comprehensive basis for a quantitative understanding of flaw initiation and growth. This report is one of a series of reports that provide a comprehensive description of stresses in rail required for predicting the reliability of rail in track structures. It provides a description of stresses encountered in railroad rails compiled from information available in the literature before 1976. KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Defects KW - Fatigue (Mechanics) KW - Fatigue life KW - Finite element method KW - Force KW - Mathematical models KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaws KW - Rail stress KW - Railroad tracks KW - Residual stress KW - Residual stresses KW - Service life KW - Stress concentration KW - Stresses KW - Structural analysis KW - Thermal stresses KW - Track response investigations KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56745 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00154010 AU - Ahlbeck, D R AU - Doyle, G R AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS OF FREIGHT AND PASSENGER RAIL VEHICLES PY - 1976/11 SP - 73 p. AB - Analytical studies have been conducted on several different rail vehicles typical of North American railroad operations. Mathematical models, and computer codes for the mechanization of these models, have been generated to provide a predictive methodology for determining vehicle/track dynamic interaction under a range of conditions. These models have been validated through comparison of results with test data from several of the rail vehicles. Results of a comparative analysis of nine different rail vehicles were presented in a Final Report (FRA-ORD&D-74-39) dated March 1974. In subsequent contract modifications, the analytical techniques were used to provide support to the Metroliner Ride Improvement Program (DOT-FR-20049). Both the vehicle ride comfort and truck hunting stability were investigated by means of computer simulation. Parameter variation studies were used to determine optimum suspension values for both ride comfort and hunting stability. The report provides a summary of work conducted under the original contract and five subsequent modifications. Recent modifications to the mathematical models to improve simulation accuracy are discussed. In addition, improvements in the representation of track geometry in power spectral density format based on recent measurements are discussed. KW - Alternatives analysis KW - Comfort KW - Degrees of freedom KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Freight car design KW - Freight cars KW - Geometry KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Locomotives KW - Mathematical models KW - Passenger car design KW - Passenger cars KW - Passenger vehicles KW - Power spectra KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Simulation KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48848 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00153067 AU - Macie, T W AU - Jet Propulsion Laboratory TI - SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORLD LITERATURE ON ELECTRIC TRACTION FOR RAILROADS. (1970-1975 PERIOD) PY - 1976/11 SP - 85 p. AB - The purpose of this task was to review selected world literature on electric traction and railroad electrification of 1970-1975 period and prepare abstracts of the most important articles describing the status of foreign technology in selected areas of interest. This document lists all these abstracts. In addition, nine (9) volumes of photocopied original articles are filed with Mr. M. Guarino, Program Manager, Electrical Traction, FRA, RRD-21, Washington, D.C. 20590 for reference. KW - Adhesion KW - Advanced systems KW - Bibliographies KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric power KW - Electrical systems KW - Europe KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Japan KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) KW - Propulsion KW - Railroad electrification KW - Railroad trains KW - Resistance (Mechanics) KW - Specifications KW - Standards KW - Technology KW - Train resistance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48467 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00152660 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ROLL DYNAMICS UNIT AND VIBRATION TEST UNIT PY - 1976/11 SP - 13 p. AB - The Rail Dynamics Laboratory (RDL) permits evaluation of various car and locomotive designs in a safe, controlled and reproducible laboratory environment with minimal risk to equipment and personnel. RDL houses two test machines, the Vibration Test Unit (VTU) and the Roll Dynamics Unit (RDU), along with necessary data collection, analysis and service facilities. RDU will be capable, through a system of drive motors, fly-wheels and rollers, of simulating relative rail motion under rail vehicles and absorbing power produced by self-propelled units. VTU will subject a stationary rail vehicle to controlled vertical and lateral vibration inputs at the wheel/rail interfaces through servo-controlled actuators. Physical capabilities of the subsystems of the laboratory are given. Facilities are available for government- and industry-sponsored research programs. KW - Data collection KW - Development KW - Dynamics KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Test facilities KW - Train track dynamics KW - Transportation Technology Center KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vertical dynamics KW - Vibration tests KW - Wheel Rail Dynamics Research Facility UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48221 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147310 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.5 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: BALTIMORE STATION PY - 1976/11 SP - 81 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Baltimore (Maryland) KW - Construction KW - Cost estimating KW - Design KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Platforms KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Surveying KW - Surveying KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63652 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147312 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.11 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: NEWARK STATION PY - 1976/11 SP - 84 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Cost estimating KW - Design KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New Jersey KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Platforms KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Surveying KW - Surveying KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63654 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147388 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.7. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: PHILADELPHIA 30TH STREET STATION PY - 1976/11 SP - 77 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. As a basis for establishing a recommended development program to significantly improve intercity rail passenger service facilities at selected stations along the Northeast Corridor, the work of Task 12 consisted of the review of earlier work, the development of performance standards, and at each station, the evaluation of existing structural, mechanical and electrical conditions, development of alternative site and station concept plans, coordination with local agencies and Amtrak, selection of a recommended alternative, and preparation of schematic plans, outline specifications, implementation schedules and cost estimates. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. (Portions of this document are not fully legible.) KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Pennsylvania KW - Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63690 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147389 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.4. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: NEW CARROLLTON STATION PY - 1976/11 SP - 53 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. (Portions of this document are not fully legible.) KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63691 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147311 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.6 - CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: WILMINGTON STATION PY - 1976/11 SP - 81 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Cost estimating KW - Delaware KW - Design KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Platforms KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Surveying KW - Surveying KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63653 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147390 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.12. CORRIDOR STATIONS SCHEMATIC DEVELOPMENT: PENNSYLVANIA STATION, NEW YORK CITY PY - 1976/11 SP - 86 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, MA and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. This report is one in a series which defines the scope of work to be undertaken at each station on behalf of the high speed rail system; delineates the physical planning configurations for the station building, vehicular access/egress system, parking, and platform facilities; and identifies preliminary estimates of construction costs to implement the recommended development program. (Portions of this document are not fully legible.) KW - Accessibility KW - Construction KW - Construction costs KW - Cost estimating KW - Costs KW - Estimates KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New York (New York) KW - New York (State) KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Parking facilities KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63692 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147592 AU - Ahlback, D R AU - Harrison, H D AU - PRAUSE, R H AU - Johnson, M R AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - ITT Research Institute TI - EVALUATION OF ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGIES FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF WHEEL/RAIL LOADS SN - RR619/R-6365T PY - 1976/11 SP - 261 p. AB - This report has been prepared as part of the Improved Track Structures Research Program sponsored by the Office of Rail Safety Research of the Federal Railroad Administration. The major modes of track degradation have been reviewed to identify the significant wheel/rail loading mechanisms. Analytical models for vehicle/track interaction have been selected for predicting the loads in appropriate formats for each of the major modes of track degradation. This report also evaluates the data required to validate the analytical procedures, and both track and vehicle-borne instrumentation are reviewed for fulfilling these requirements. Available data on wheel/rail loads have been used to assemble a preliminary statistical characterization for interim use. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Deterioration KW - Dynamics KW - Force KW - Instrumentation KW - Mathematical models KW - Measuring instruments KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Track deterioration KW - Track response investigations KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel loads KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63796 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145562 AU - Hitchcock, L C AU - Sanders, M S AU - NAVAL WEAPONS SUPPORT CENTER AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - A SURVEY OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG ABUSE PROGRAMS IN THE RAILROAD INDUSTRY PY - 1976/11 SP - 244 p. AB - A survey of 20 industrial alcoholism and counseling programs run by railroad corporations covering 58 variables was made by semi-structured interviews of program directors, union officials, and by questionnaires applied to individual clients. Descriptions of program policy, practices, penetration rates, success rates, relationships to discipline and client population parameters are given along with other topical areas. A factor analysis and intercorrelations between all variables measured are also displayed. Included is a comprehensive literature review on Industrial Alcoholism programs covering topics parallel to the survey. KW - Alcoholism KW - Behavior disorders KW - Cost estimating KW - Counseling KW - Driver rehabilitation KW - Drug addiction KW - Drugs KW - Estimates KW - Human factors KW - Industries KW - Interviewing KW - Labor unions KW - Mental disorders KW - Personnel KW - Personnel practices KW - Project management KW - Railroads KW - Rehabilitation KW - Supervisors KW - Surveys UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63169 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151221 AU - Nagy, K AU - Finch, R D AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - University of Houston AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FEASIBILITY OF FLAW DETECTION IN RAILROAD WHEELS USING ACOUSTIC SIGNATURES PY - 1976/10 SP - 206 p. AB - The feasibility study on the use of acoustic signatures for detection of flaws in railway wheels was conducted with the ultimate objective of development of an intrack device for moving cars. Determinations of the natural modes of vibrating wheels under various conditions are reported. Differences in acoustic signatures are found between good and cracked wheels, including spectral changes and variations in the time decay of sound. Various sounds occurring in normal railroad practice, such as rolling noise on welded rail and over joints and retarder screech were investigated. It was concluded that special purpose impacters will have to be used for a servicable device. Pattern recognition techniques were used for selecting good and bad wheels with a computerized processing scheme. A laboratory demonstration system has been constructed and found to be 85% reliable when system malfunctions are discounted. KW - Acoustic signature KW - Computer printouts KW - Cracking KW - Defects KW - Detectors KW - Flaw detection KW - Inspection KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Pattern recognition systems KW - Railroad cars KW - Sonic testing KW - Sonic tests KW - Ultrasonic detectors KW - Ultrasonic tests KW - Wheel flaws KW - Wheel inspection KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47701 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147703 AU - Robinson, J AU - PICCIONE, D AU - Boeing Vertol Company TI - LOCOMOTIVE CAB DESIGN DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME 2: OPERATOR'S MANUAL PY - 1976/10 SP - 42 p. AB - Locomotive Cab 913 designed as a result of Contract DOT-TSC- 913 has been built as a hard mock-up. This Operator's Manual is to familiarize the user with the mock-up. Normal and emergency procedures and cab facilities are described. KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Control devices KW - Design KW - Disasters and emergency operations KW - Emergency procedures KW - Locomotive cab design KW - Locomotive controls KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotives KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Prototypes KW - Safety KW - Training UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63867 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147704 AU - Robinson, J AU - Boeing Vertol Company TI - LOCOMOTIVE CAB DESIGN DEVELOPMENT. VOLUME 3: DESIGN APPLICATION ANALYSIS PY - 1976/10 SP - 82 p. AB - In Volume II of this service of reports on Locomotive Cab Design Development, changes were recommended in the layout and equipment content of locomotive cabs. This report studies the impact of these changes on the interface of the cab with the rest of the locomotive, the required structure, the reliability, the development costs, and the cost of introduction to the operating locomotive fleet. In addition, this report assesses the uses of various techniques of mockup use during the development phases of the design. KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Control devices KW - Crashworthiness KW - Design KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive cab crashworthiness KW - Locomotive cab design KW - Locomotive controls KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotives KW - Prototypes KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63868 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144090 AU - Tong, P AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - LOCOMOTIVE/CABOOSE CRASHWORTINESS PY - 1976/10 SP - 26 p. AB - This report presents the results of the Phase I study of the locomotive/caboose crashworthiness program and the proposed work for the Phase II investigation. The results of the Phase I study include the mechanics of train impact that lead to override, recommended action to control override and means of protection for locomotives and cabooses. KW - Cabooses KW - Crash analysis KW - Crashes KW - Crashworthiness KW - Energy absorption KW - Impact protection KW - Locomotives KW - Occupant protection devices KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62566 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145602 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - CARLOAD WAYBILL STATISTICS BASED ON A SAMPLE OF WAYBILLS FOR TERMINATIONS IN THE YEAR 1975. TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION TRAFFIC AND REVENUE BY COMMODITY CLASSES PY - 1976/09/03 SP - 214 p. AB - The statistics of this report have been compiled from a sample of audited revenue waybills submitted to the FRA by 75 railroads. The data regarding territorial distribution of railroad carload terminations have been compiled since 1972 utilizing a computer based waybill information processing system (WIPS) developed under the direction of the Federal Railroad Administration. The statistics tabulated for 1975 were derived from a total of 131,074 waybills, 41,251 EM-5 documents and 1,150 multiple car statement documents resulting in 192,633 carloads. KW - Carloadings KW - Classification KW - Commodities KW - Commodity statistics KW - Computer programming KW - Data collection KW - Economic conditions KW - Economic surveys KW - Exports KW - Freight transportation KW - Imports KW - Information processing KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regions KW - Revenues KW - Statistics KW - Traffic KW - Traffic density KW - United States KW - Waybill samples UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63193 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00154009 AU - Uher, R A AU - Carnegie Mellon University AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY OF RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION WITH HIGH VOLTAGE (10-50 KV) DIRECT CURRENT PY - 1976/09 SP - 75 p. AB - High-voltage (10-50 kV), direct-current (HVDC) power distribution may prove to be an economically and technically attractive option for railroad electrification. There may be potential economic advantages in both wayside installation and operation, and in the propulsion equipment aboard the rolling stock. However, before an economic comparison with AC systems can be completed, the technical feasibility of DC systems must be determined, which was the purpose of this study. This study was directed toward the wayside equipment only. The problem of HVDC rolling stock was not considered. The preliminary analysis in this report shows no technical obstacle to the use of HVDC power distribution systems for application to the wayside portion of railroad electrification. Circuit breakers, which can be applied to these systems, are in various stages of development, and with reasonably directed research can meet the duty requirements. Likewise, rectifiers which can satisfy both current and voltage requirements are within the state of the art. KW - Circuit breakers KW - Direct current KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Electric power transmission KW - Electric railroads KW - Electric substations KW - Feasibility analysis KW - High voltage KW - Railroad electrification KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Rectifiers KW - Switches (Railroads) KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48847 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00159342 AU - Fourer, R AU - National Bureau of Economic Research, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - MODELS OF RAILROAD PASSENGER-CAR REQUIREMENTS IN THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR. VOLUME II: USER'S GUIDE PY - 1976/09 SP - 61 p. AB - Models and techniques for determining passenger-car requirements in railroad service were developed and applied by a research project of which this is the final report. The report is published in two volumes. The solution and analysis of the Northeast Corridor models required the creation of a number of computer programs of several kinds. These programs are available for the use of others and are described in Volume II. KW - Allocations KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Computer programming KW - Computer programs KW - Cost allocation KW - Demand KW - Fleet management KW - Fleet planning KW - Intercity passenger services KW - Level of service KW - Linear programming KW - Mathematical models KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Optimization KW - Passenger cars KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/51016 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00159341 AU - Fourer, R AU - National Bureau of Economic Research, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - MODELS OF RAILROAD PASSENGER-CAR REQUIREMENTS IN THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR. VOLUME I: FORMULATION AND RESULTS PY - 1976/09 SP - 68 p. AB - Models and techniques for determining passenger-car requirements in railroad service were developed and applied by a research project of which this is the final report. The report is published in two volumes. This volume considers a general problem of determining optimal passenger-car allocations given a fixed schedule and predetermined demands. Requirements for car movements are modeled as a set of linear constraints having a transshipment structure, and alternative linear objectives are formulated. Various optimization techniques are developed for one or more objectives, and properties of the sets of optimal solutions are demonstrated. The remainder of Volume I shows how the linear model and optimization techniques may be applied to the Northeast Corridor. Derivations of a schedule and demands are explained, and results of a number of optimizations and analyses are displayed. KW - Allocations KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Cost allocation KW - Demand KW - Fleet management KW - Fleet planning KW - Intercity passenger services KW - Level of service KW - Linear programming KW - Mathematical models KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Optimization KW - Passenger cars KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/51015 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00157596 AU - Kerr, A D AU - Princeton University AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - AN ANALYSIS OF THERMAL TRACK BUCKLING IN THE LATERAL PLANE SN - 76-TF-6 PY - 1976/09 SP - 70 p. AB - The post-buckling equilibrium states are determined analytically. To obtain a consistent formulation of the problem, use is made of the principle of virtual displacements and the variational calculus for variable matching points. The obtained formulations are nonlinear, but can be solved exactly. Solutions are presented for four buckled configurations. The results are presented graphically for a typical railroad track now in use on main lines. The obtained results are compared with the corresponding results of other investigators. KW - Buckling KW - High temperature KW - Mathematical models KW - Railroad tracks KW - Thermal stresses KW - Track structures UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50307 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151243 AU - Holmstrom, F Ross AU - Lowell University AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - STANDBY POWER FOR RAILROAD-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSING WARNING SYSTEMS PY - 1976/09 SP - 26 p. AB - The requirements for standby power at railroad-highway grade crossings, as established by the states, the Association of American Railroads, and the individual railroads, are described. Standard means of satisfying these requirements, using 115 vac primary power and storage batteries for standby, are compared with a number of new techniques, now passing from experimental to operational use, that incorporate solar cells or thermoelectric generators. In addition, other even more innovative techniques are examined. The conclusion of this survey is that for most railroad grade crossing applications, the existing standard techniques (reliance on ac primary power and standby storage batteries) will continue to be the preferred choice. In a number of circumstances in which the provision of ac primary power is very expensive, the combination of solar cells or thermoelectric generators as the primary source, with storage batteries as standby, will be optimal. KW - At grade intersections KW - Auxiliary power units KW - Control devices KW - Electric power generation KW - Electric power supply KW - Emergency equipment KW - Emergency power supply KW - Fuel cells KW - Generators KW - Grade crossing protection KW - Grade crossing protection systems KW - Intersections KW - Power failure KW - Power loss KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Railroads KW - Signaling KW - Solar cells KW - Solar energy KW - Solar power generation KW - Standby power generation KW - Standby power generators KW - Storage batteries KW - Thermoelectric generators KW - Warning systems UR - http://www.fra.dot.gov/Elib/Document/16627 UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47720 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145132 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE FAST TRACK: FACILITY FOR ACCELERATED SERVICE TESTING PY - 1976/09 SP - 18 p. AB - This brochure describes the initial 22 test segments of the Federal Railroad Administration's FAST (Facility for Accelerated Service Testing) Track at the Transportation Test Center at Pueblo, Colo. The facility was created to provide a full systems approach to track structure and rail vehicle research. It is used to test simultaneously track structures, rail, ties ballast, fasteners, switches, track stability, safety equipment, vehicle components, lading techniques, maintenance methods and equipment under heavy demand conditions. KW - Inspection KW - Performance analysis KW - Railroad tracks KW - Service life KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Test tracks KW - Test trains KW - Track component investigations KW - Track stability KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Transportation Technology Center KW - Vehicle components KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62872 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144091 AU - Platin, B E AU - Beaman, J J AU - Hedrick, J K AU - Wormley, D N AU - Massachusetts Institute of Technology AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - COMPUTATIONAL METHODS TO PREDICT RAILCAR RESPONSE TO TRACK CROSS-LEVEL VARIATIONS PY - 1976/09 SP - 86 p. AB - The rocking response of railroad freight cars to track cross-level variations is studied using: (1) a reduced complexity digital simulation model, and (2) a quasi-linear describing function analysis. The reduced complexity digital simulation model employs a rail truck model that neglects the high-frequency dynamics of the bolster and wheelset masses, yet includes kinematic center plate, side bearings, and wheelset nonlinear effects. This model has computation-time requirements that are less than one eighth those of more detailed computer simulation models and agrees within 15% percent for the prediction of roll angle, side bearing force, center plate force and wheel force at maximum roll angle response with the more detailed models. A study of quasi-linear describing function techniques to compute the steady-state response of freight cars to equivalent sinusoidal cross-level track variations has demonstrated the feasibility of the technique for the types of nonlinearities important in car response. This technique, which computes steady-state response from a set of nonlinear algebraic equations rather than by numerical integration, is effective for parametric studies in which a series of the responses is required as a parameter is varied incrementally since once the solution is obtained for one set of parameter values, additional responses for an incremental change in the parameter are obtained efficiently. KW - Cross level KW - Cross sections KW - Defects KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Mathematical models KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Rock and roll KW - Rocking KW - Rolling KW - Simulation KW - Suspensions KW - Track irregularities KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62567 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158942 AU - O'ROURKE, T D AU - Cording, E J AU - Boscardin, M AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Office of the Secretary of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE GROUND MOVEMENTS RELATED TO BRACED EXCAVATION AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ADJACENT BUILDINGS PY - 1976/08 SP - 135 p. AB - This report summarizes the settlement and lateral displacement measurements associated with urban excavation projects in the dense sands and interbedded stiff clay of Washington, D.C. and the soft clay of Chicago. The ground movements caused by excavation in each area are discussed in light of the soil profile and construction techniques. The relationship between soil displacement and the damage caused to adjacent buildings is examined. Criteria for the onset of architectural damage are recommended for brick-bearing wall and frame structures subject to excavation movements. Brick-bearing wall structures are described, with special emphasis on the construction details related to building stability. Various modes of instability caused by differential ground movements are examined for brick-bearing wall structures. Case histories of building damage caused by adjacent excavation are presented. KW - Bracing KW - Brick KW - Brick structures KW - Building KW - Clay KW - Construction KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Earth movements KW - Earth movements (Geophysics) KW - Excavations KW - Foundations KW - Loss and damage KW - Railroad facilities KW - Sand KW - Seismicity KW - Settlement (Structures) KW - Settlement structural KW - Soft clays KW - Soil mechanics KW - Soil structure interaction KW - Subway construction KW - Subways KW - Underground structures KW - Underground supporting KW - Wayside UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50874 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158935 AU - Ranken, R E AU - Ghaboussi, J AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL TUNNELS PY - 1976/08 SP - 128 p. AB - The finite element method of analysis was used to study the behavior and interaction of two circular and parallel tunnels. Depth of burial, tunnel spacing and construction sequence were the system variables considered in greatest detail. Throughout the investigation, which was restricted to two-dimensional analyses, the ground mass was assumed to be a continuous, isotropic and homogeneous medium with a free-field stress system corresponding to the self-weight of the medium and Ko = 0.5. Except for three elasto-plastic analyses, all of the analyses assumed linear-elastic stress-strain behavior for the medium. The simulated support conditions approximated the installation of the liner either right at the tunnel face or far behind the face. Depths of cover equal to one tunnel diameter and five tunnel diameters were considered. In one series of analyses it was assumed that both tunnels advanced together at the same rate. In addition, the position of liner installation was considered to be the same in both tunnels. Three pillar width to tunnel diameter ratios (W/D = 1.0, 0.5 and 0.25) were simulated in this series of analyses. In a second set of analyses the construction sequence was altered such that the face of one tunnel was far ahead of the face of the second tunnel. Here only one pillar width (W/D = 0.5) was examined. Tunnel I was simulated as having been lined right at the face, lined behind the face but ahead of Tunnel II, or not lined until after passage of Tunnel II. Tunnel II was assumed to have been lined either right at the face or far behind the face. KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Elastic plastic analysis KW - Elastoplasticity KW - Finite element method KW - Interaction KW - Isotropic mass KW - Isotropic materials KW - Linear elasticity KW - Rock mechanics KW - Soil mechanics KW - Stresses KW - Tunnel lining KW - Tunnels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50871 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158943 AU - Halvorsen, G T AU - Kesler, C E AU - Robinson, A R AU - Stout, J A AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DURABILITY AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE PY - 1976/08//Final Report SP - 75 p. AB - The durability and physical properties of steel fiber reinforced concretes proportioned for pumpability criteria for tunnel liners are reported. The mix parameters include fiber contents of 0.9, 1.2 and 1.5 volume percent, maximum aggregate sizes of 3/8, 1/2, 3/4 and 1 in. (10, 13, 20 and 25 mm), and use of water reducers. Tests were performed at 28 d with type 1 cement concrete and between 1-1/2 h and 90 d with regulated-set cement concrete. Regulated-set cement concrete is found to lose nearly twice the strength as type 1 cement concrete for exposure to 660 F (350 C). Corrosion of steel fiber reinforcement is observed in cracked concrete with no apparent lower bound on crack size. The magnitude of the shrinkage of portland cement concretes proportioned for pumpability is related to the high paste contents required to fill the voids in the aggregate fiber array. An estimate of shrinkage can be made if the proportions of the mix and the curing are known. KW - Aggregate size KW - Aggregates KW - Concrete KW - Concrete cracking KW - Concrete curing KW - Corrosion KW - Cracking KW - Design KW - Durability KW - Fiber reinforced concrete KW - Fibers KW - Formulations KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Laboratory tests KW - Pastes KW - Physical properties KW - Portland cement concrete KW - Pumps KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Reinforcing steel KW - Shrinkage KW - Steel KW - Steel wire KW - Tunnel lining KW - Void KW - Void ratios KW - Water reducing agents UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50875 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158944 AU - Ounanian, D W AU - Kesler, C E AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DESIGN OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR PUMPING PY - 1976/08 SP - 53 p. AB - This study was undertaken to develop a positive design procedure for pumpable fibrous reinforced concrete mixes and to provide information on this method for application in tunnel liners. The addition of fiber reinforcement to any combination of fine and coarse aggregates increases the void content of the mix. The incompressible paste content of the mix must exceed the void content so that segregation failure will not occur during pumping. Because of the inherent high void content and harshness of a fiber reinforced concrete mix compared to a plain concrete mix the gradation of the sand is more critical and the steps necessary to design a pumpable mix more detailed. The steps include selection of the aggregates, ratio of fine to coarse aggregate, volume of paste, quantity of water and the cement content. Mixes with four different coarse aggregate maximum sizes, two water reducing admixtures and one phase thickening admixture were studied. These mixes were evaluated in a laboratory testing apparatus designed to model actual pumping conditions. KW - Coarse aggregates KW - Concrete KW - Design KW - Fiber reinforced concrete KW - Fibers KW - Fine aggregates KW - Formulations KW - Laboratory tests KW - Mix design KW - Pastes KW - Pumps KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Reinforcing steel KW - Sand KW - Slip form pavers KW - Slip forms KW - Steel wire KW - Tunnel lining KW - Void KW - Void ratios KW - Water reducing agents UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50876 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158948 AU - Fernandez-Delgado, G AU - Mahar, J AU - Cording, E J AU - Parker, H AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SHOTCRETE: LARGE SCALE TESTING OF THIN LINERS WITH A FLAT ARCH GEOMETRY PY - 1976/08 SP - 182 p. AB - This report presents the results of model tests on thin shotcrete layers similar to those potentially used as initial tunnel support in flat roofed tunnels. The structural behavior and maximum carrying capacity of these layers were determined in this testing program. The large-scale test facility used in previous work was modified to simulate a flat roofed tunnel. Preliminary tests, using thin mortar layers, were conducted in order to assess the performance of the test device and to evaluate the principal variables controlling the capacity of a thin lining. Results obtained from these tests were used in the planning and evaluation of the shotcrete test program. Three principal modes of failure were observed: diagonal tension in the shotcrete, separation of the layer from the wall, and thrust-moment interaction in the separated portion of the layer. The failure mode was governed mainly by the thickness and boundary conditions of the layer, as well as the adhesive characteristics along the shotcrete wall contact. Other parameters, such as the strength of the shotcrete also affected the maximum carrying capacity of the layers. A conceptual model has been developed to be used as a theoretical framework in the analysis of these and future tests results. Recommendations for future studies of thin shotcrete linings are also given in this report. KW - Concrete KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Failure KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Models KW - Shotcrete KW - Tension KW - Thin films KW - Thin layers KW - Tunnel lining KW - Tunneling KW - Tunnels KW - Underground structures KW - Underground supporting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50879 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158949 AU - Cording, E J AU - Hansmire, W H AU - MacPherson, H H AU - Lenzini, P A AU - Vonderohe, A P AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DISPLACEMENTS AROUND TUNNELS IN SOILS PY - 1976/08 SP - 208 p. AB - This report summarizes one year of research on ground movements around tunnels in soil. Data from available case histories of tunnels constructed in sands and gravels, stiff clays, and soft clays is combined with the results of field observations and a model study to describe sources and volumes of ground lost around tunnels, the relationship between volume of ground lost and volume of surface settlement, and the shape of the surface settlement trough. Horizontal strains occurring with the surface settlement trough are described, and their implications for building damage are discussed. The volume of surface settlement is affected not only by the volume of lost ground, but also by the volume of expansion or compression in the soil around a tunnel. The surface settlement trough can be approximated by relationships presented by Peck (1969), except in cases where the settlements are very small (elastic) or very large (greater than 0.5 percent of the tunnel depth). In these cases, the settlement trough may be wider or narrower, respectively, than estimated. The results of field and analytical studies of interference effects between settlement troughs for multiple tunnels are presented. The results of a field observation program of settlement measurements on the Washington, D.C. Metro Section F2a tunnels are presented. A third section of the report is a progress report on a model study in which ground movements around a model tunnel in sand were measured using photogrammetric procedures and displacement gages. KW - Clay KW - Construction KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - Earth movements KW - Earth movements (Geophysics) KW - Earth pressure KW - Engineering geology KW - Gravel KW - Model tests KW - Photogrammetry KW - Properties of materials KW - Sand KW - Seismicity KW - Settlement (Structures) KW - Settlement structural KW - Soft clays KW - Soil mechanics KW - Soil properties KW - Soils KW - Strain (Mechanics) KW - Strains KW - Troughs KW - Troughs (Geology) KW - Tunneling KW - Tunnels KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50880 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00158945 AU - Halvorsen, G T AU - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign AU - Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - CONCRETE REINFORCED WITH PLAIN AND DEFORMED STEEL FIBERS PY - 1976/08 SP - 73 p. AB - The work is a result of the investigation of steel fiber reinforced concrete as a material for slipformed tunnel liners, and interest in designing the best concrete for this purpose. With the development of commercial deformed fibers, it became apparent that a comparison of the behavior of concretes reinforced with various types of steel fibers would be useful in evaluation of these new materials. These comparisons may be of specific interest in selecting mixes and equipment for concrete tunnel liners, and of general interest with respect to development of fibrous reinforcement with different anchorage characteristics. KW - Anchorages KW - Compressive properties KW - Compressive strength KW - Concrete KW - Deformation KW - Ductility KW - Fiber reinforced concrete KW - Fibers KW - Flexural strength KW - Mix design KW - Reinforced concrete KW - Reinforcing steel KW - Slip form pavers KW - Slip forms KW - Steel KW - Steel wire KW - Tensile properties KW - Tunnel lining KW - Workability UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/50877 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144092 AU - REMINGTON, P J AU - Rudd, M J AU - Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Incorporated TI - AN ASSESSMENT OF RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVE NOISE SN - DOT-TSC-FRA-76-2 PY - 1976/08 SP - 168 p. AB - Measurements of the noise generated by an SD40-2 diesel electric locomotive are described. The noise was measured in three types of moving tests: the first with the locomotive passing a 6-microphone array while under maximum power acceleration, the second with the locomotive simulating the pulling of a train, and the third with the locomotive coasting by unpowered. Stationary noise measurements were made at 16- microphone positions around the locomotive while it was attached to a load cell. The moving tests show that at the lower throttle settings, wheel/rail noise may be an important contributor to the overall locomotive noise signature even at modest speeds (20 mph and above at throttle 1 and 30 mph and above at throttle 4). At throttle 8, wheel/rail noise does not become a significant source until speeds in excess of 50 mph are reached. At throttle 8 and at speeds below 50 mph, noise spectra measured opposite the moving locomotive are comparable to noise spectra measured opposite the stationary locomotive. Diagnostic tests to determine how much the various sources contributed to the overall noise were performed at seven positions on one side of the locomotive. The engine exhaust and intake, the engine/generator, the radiator cooling fans, the dynamic brake fans, the traction motor blowers, the dust bin blower compressor, and structure-borne noise have all been identified. At high throttle settings the exhaust and radiator cooling fans dominate. At low throttle settings the engine/generator, the exhaust and the cooling fans all contribute to the overall noise. KW - Acoustic measurement KW - Acoustic measuring instruments KW - Acoustics KW - Diesel engine noise KW - Diesel engines KW - Locomotives KW - Noise KW - Noise sources KW - Railroad noise KW - Sound level UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62568 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145554 AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Aerospace Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION DATA STUDY PY - 1976/08 SP - 111 p. AB - Fourteen measures of performance are recommended for use in Northeast Corridor rail system evaluation and multimodal comparisons. These include performance measures in the categories of system configuration (e.g., daily available-seat miles by vehicle and segment), system performance (e.g., load factor by vehicle and segment) and system economics (e.g., cost per revenue-passenger mile by vehicle and segment). Although current data reported by certificated air carriers and participating passenger railroads are not entirely consistent, sufficient data exist to permit effective intra- and inter-modal evaluation and comparison. Certain disaggregation or allocation algorithms are recommended in some cases, however, to obtain travel segment data at the suggested aggregation level and frequency. (Portions of this document are not fully legible.) KW - Air transportation KW - Analysis KW - Common carriers KW - Competition KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - High speed rail KW - Highway transportation KW - Intercity travel KW - Mathematical models KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Operating costs KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Planning KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Scheduling KW - Statistics KW - Transportation KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation models and systems KW - Transportation modes KW - Transportation operations KW - Travel demand KW - Travel patterns UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63161 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167339 AU - HOWELL, R P AU - Kendall, R A AU - Holowaty, M C AU - Wesley, R AU - De Leuw, Cather and Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT. TASK 22: PROGRAM PLAN FOR TRACK DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION PY - 1976/07 SP - 155 p. AB - Problems of design, construction, and procurement for concrete tie track systems, turnout slab foundations, high-speed turnouts, movable frogs, and mitre rails are identified. Design details of the state of the art for and contemporary experience with concrete tie track systems, turnout slabs, high-speed turnouts, and movable points or wing rail frogs are reviewed. High-speed turnouts, frogs, and mitre rail design and recommendations for application to the Northeast Corridor program are designated. Five different concrete ties and three fastener components are identified and quantified. Installation procedures and schedules for the proposed New Brunswick-Trenton stretch are presented. Concrete tie application to and program objectives for the FAST track at Transportation Test Center, Pueblo, Colorado are also described. Turnout slab design details are established and details of an application to FAST are stated. KW - Concrete KW - Concrete slab track KW - Concrete ties KW - Construction projects KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Fastenings KW - Frogs (Railroads) KW - High speed track KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Rail fasteners KW - Rail joints KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Safety engineering KW - Standards KW - Structural members KW - Switches KW - Track structures KW - Turnouts KW - Welded rail UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56778 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167345 AU - Sciammarella, C A AU - Press, M AU - Kumar, S AU - Seth, B AU - Nailescu, S AU - Illinois Institute of Technology AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - General Motors Corporation AU - Association of American Railroads Research Center TI - STUDY OF FRICTION AND CREEP BETWEEN STEEL WHEEL AND RAIL PY - 1976/07 SP - 106 p. AB - A systematic experimental, parametric and similitude investigation of the friction and creep behavior of a steel wheel rolling on a steel rail is given. Laboratory investigation was performed on the 1/5th scale experimental GM-IIT Wheel Rail Simulation Testing Facility reported on earlier. Investigation of the size and area of contact between the two wheels at different stages of surface wear shows that the initially elliptical (near Hertzian) area of contact changes fast into a near rectangular shape with a several-fold increase, depending on the load and the duration of testing and wear. It was found that Kalkers Theory fits the nondimensionalized data well, when wheel surfaces are near perfectly smooth. The product of actual contact area and creep is always constant for a given normal load and friction coefficient regardless of the surface roughness and wear time. This constancy law was derived on the basis of experimental data. It has been shown here that for the elastic and smooth surfaces the Carter-Poritsky theory also predicts the product of creep and theoretical area of contact as constant for a given load and operating friction coefficient. Generalized expressions for the interrelationship of friction coefficient, creep, actual area of contact, normal load and shear modulus have been established on the basis of experimental data. Recommendations for future design improvements have been made on the basis of these relations. KW - Adhesion KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Creep KW - Creep properties KW - Dynamics KW - Force KW - Friction KW - Loads KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad simulators KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rolling contact KW - Rolling friction KW - Test facilities KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wear KW - Wheel creep KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56783 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143999 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.1. CORRIDOR STATIONS REQUIREMENTS PY - 1976/07 SP - 470 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, Mass. and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. As a basis for the development of the Federal Railroad Administration design and construction program to significantly improve intercity rail passenger service facilities at selected stations along the Northeast Corridor, this report provides the background material and methodology used in the development of the requirements for the design of the Stations. It documents the review of earlier work, the development of performance standards, the evaluation of existing conditions, the development of concept plans, and the evaluation process for selection of recommended plans. Finally it outlines the format for subsequent development of schematic plans and breakdown of work units into work elements. KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Intercity travel KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Operations KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Specifications KW - Structural design KW - Virginia UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62507 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143947 AU - Bronowicki, A AU - Hasselman, T K AU - Wiggins (JH) Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - DYNALIST II. A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR STABILITY AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF RAIL VEHICLE SYSTEMS. VOLUME III. TECHNICAL REPORT ADDENDUM PY - 1976/07 SP - 74 p. AB - Several new capabilities have been added to the DYNALIST II computer program. These include: (1) a component matrix generator that operates as a 3-D finite element modeling program where elements consist of rigid bodies, flexural bodies, wheelsets, suspension elements and point masses assembled on a nodal skeleton; (2) a periodic and transient time-history response capability; (3) a component update capability for parametric studies; (4) an orthogonality check on component and system complex eigenvectors; (5) an option for improving low-frequency convergence under modal truncation; (6) a more general sine-amplitude forcing function capability; (7) automatic phase lag generation; (8) user-controlled scaling options on all response plots; and a number of additional minor improvements. A Technical Report Addendum and a completely revised User's Manual document these changes to the previous version of DYNALIST II. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Car design KW - Computer programming KW - Computer programs KW - Dynalist KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Eigenvectors KW - Flexibility KW - Manuals KW - Mathematical models KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Models KW - Periodic variations KW - Phase KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad cars KW - Recommendations KW - Ride quality KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Stiffness KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Transient analyzers KW - Transient response KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62462 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143948 AU - Bronowicki, A AU - Hasselman, T K AU - Wiggins (JH) Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - DYNALIST II. A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR STABILITY AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF RAIL VEHICLE SYSTEMS. VOLUME IV. REVISED USER'S MANUAL PY - 1976/07 SP - 156 p. AB - The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is sponsoring research, development, and demonstration programs to provide improved safety, performance, speed, reliability, and maintainability of rail transportation systems at reduced life-cycle costs. A major portion of these efforts is related to improvement of the dynamic characteristics of rail vehicles, track structures, and train consists. The Revised User's Manual reflects current modifications in output format which have been written into the Dynalist II program. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Car design KW - Computer programming KW - Computer programs KW - Dynalist KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Functions (Mathematics) KW - Input KW - Instructions KW - Manuals KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Mathematical models KW - Matrices (Mathematics) KW - Models KW - Needs assessment KW - Output KW - Problem solving KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad cars KW - Ride quality KW - Systems analysis KW - Train track dynamics KW - User needs KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62463 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00167115 AU - Varma, P K AU - Kumar, S AU - Illinois Institute of Technology AU - General Motors Corporation AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - STRUCTURAL VIBRATION NOISE ABATEMENT OF A LARGE DIESEL ENGINE PY - 1976/07 SP - 100 p. AB - This report presents a vibration-noise investigation and a redesign of the top deck and the hand hole covers of GM 645E series railroad diesel engine for reduction of vibration and radiated noise. This was achieved by incorporating in the redesigned components, isolation, stiffening and damping. For damping, the solid friction, constrained layer and viscous air damping approaches were utilized. Experimental results on vibration and noise of the original and redesigned covers were obtained. It was found that a composite design with channel stiffened constrained layer outer panel and a fiberglass filled inner cavity offered the best solution. On-engine tests at full load showed acceleration reductions of 2-40 dB for the redesigned composite top deck cover and 2-16 dB for the redesigned constrained layer hand hole cover. The composite design is recommended for both covers. KW - Acoustic measurement KW - Acoustic measuring instruments KW - Acoustics KW - Damping (Physics) KW - Diesel engine noise KW - Diesel engines KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Engine noise KW - Engines KW - Noise KW - Noise control KW - Noise reduction KW - Noise sound KW - Resonance frequency KW - Vibration UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56696 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151139 AU - Ronald, C C AU - Arnlund, R C AU - Ferber, W E AU - Doyle, G R AU - Noble, S L AU - Bechtel Corporation AU - Battelle Columbus Laboratories AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH-SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 19 - SUPPORT SERVICES: DYNAMICS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT PY - 1976/07 SP - 279 p. AB - The report is a summary of the effect of track curvature and spiral length on high speed train safety and comfort, and the effect of speed and axle load on track stability and wear. In addition, information is presented relating track curvature, spiral length, and train and track dynamics to support system performance and cost studies. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Axles KW - Comfort KW - Curves (Geometry) KW - Durability KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - High speed track KW - Loads KW - Maintenance KW - Mathematical models KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger comfort KW - Passenger transportation KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroads KW - Safety engineering KW - Spirals KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Superelevation KW - Track stability KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47640 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151161 AU - Becker, F L AU - Batelle Memorial Institute/Pacific Northwest Labs AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - ULTRASONIC DETECTION OF PLATE CRACKS IN RAILWAY WHEELS PY - 1976/07 SP - 88 p. AB - The results of experimental efforts established the feasibility of the detection of railway wheel plate cracks by an ultrasonic pulse echo testing technique from the tread surface. Feasibility and test sensitivities were established using artificial notches in a flat plate test reference and in full-size wheels. Concepts for manual inspection of stationary wheels and the automatic testing of moving wheels are described. KW - Automatic warning systems KW - Automation KW - Cracking KW - Crash avoidance systems KW - Defects KW - Inspection KW - Nondestructive tests KW - Railroads KW - Research KW - Ultrasonic detectors KW - Ultrasonic tests KW - Wheel flaws KW - Wheel inspection KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47658 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147392 AU - Arnlund, R C AU - Ronald, C C AU - Olsen, K A AU - Ferber, W E AU - McInnis, M J AU - Bechtel Corporation AU - Urban Pathfinders, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH-SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 18 - SUPPORT SERVICES: ENGINEERING, ECONOMICS AND COST ESTIMATING PY - 1976/07 SP - 456 p. AB - The report is a summary of analyses and refinements, where applicable, of the available track alignment data on the Northeast Corridor, track realignment unit costs, minor realignment costs, lateral track shifts, vehicle costs, and train performance calculations for the purpose of further defining curve realignments and vehicle characteristics. The report deals with these topics based on both the 150 mph system, defined in previous NEC reports, and the 120 mph system. KW - Alignment KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Cost engineering KW - Cost estimating KW - Curved track KW - Estimates KW - High speed rail KW - High speed track KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroads KW - Track alignment KW - Train operations KW - Train performance KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63694 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00146451 AU - Steele, R N AU - Kuester, F E AU - Boyd, W R AU - Cramer, W H AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MANUAL OF CAR UTILIZATION PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES. FREIGHT CAR UTILIZATION RESEARCH-DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PY - 1976/06/08 SP - 341 p. AB - The manual presents practices and procedures currently employed by American railroads to control and improve car utilization. The manual is a product of Task 1 of the Freight Car Utilization Research and Demonstration Program. The scope of Task 1 was to identify, analyze, and document car utilization problems and the various solutions to these problems that have been undertaken. Aspects of car utilization involving management-organization and performance evaluation; car fleet control - the car fleet level, car distribution and assignment and car movement; and supporting functions - mechanical, marketing, customer practices, and data processing are presented. The manual can help reduce the development of duplicate car distribution efforts and can serve as a training aid to overt personnel on car utilization problems and techniques. KW - Freight cars KW - Level of service KW - Manuals KW - Policy KW - Railroad cars KW - Research KW - Services KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63451 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147572 AU - Chi, C C AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company TI - LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR RESEARCH VEHICLE SPEED UPGRADING TESTS (190 TO 250 MPH) PY - 1976/06 SP - 102 p. AB - The linear induction motor research vehicle (LIMRV) was subjected to a series of test runs at speeds of 190 to 250 mph on the Department of Transportation 6.2-mile-long, standard gauge railroad track at the Transportation Test Center, Pueblo, Colorado. High-speed dynamic performance data on the vehicle, trucks, suspension systems, and LIM guidance system were acquired by means of instrumentation that measured accelerations and displacements. For these tests the LIMRV was fitted with two jet engines that enabled it to accelerate to high speeds during the first 2.3 miles of travel, leaving nearly 4 miles of track for constant-speed data collection and braking. The LIMRV operated in a fully stable manner dynamically up to the maximum speed attained, 255.7 mph. Sufficient data was collected so that a safe LIMRV operating profile could be constructed as a baseline for conducting LIM electrical performance tests with full confidence in the vehicle's dynamic stability up to its design speed of 250 mph. KW - Advanced systems KW - High speed vehicles KW - Instrumentation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Jet engines KW - Linear induction motors KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Test vehicles KW - Transportation Technology Center UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63784 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147397 AU - Powell, R B AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE TEST PY - 1976/06 SP - 161 p. AB - This report describes the electrical performance characteristics of a 2500-hp (at 250 mph) linear induction motor (LIM), based on data acquired while propelling the LIM research vehicle over a 0-to-250-mph speed range. Pertinent LIM design information is included to enable independent investigators to correlate their mathematical models with the test data published herein. The principal end product of this effort is tabulated LIM performance, in terms of thrust, voltage, power factor, efficiency, input and output power, velocity, and percent slip at five excitation frequencies and at 1-Hz slip frequency increments, with all data referred to a 2000-A primary current. From the acquired data the following information was derived and included in this report: LIM performance characteristics (thrust vs slip at constant current, power factor vs slip, and efficiency vs slip), voltage- and current-source presentation of LIM data, influence of LIM end effects, and other LIM data relevant to future design activities. KW - Advanced systems KW - Data collection KW - Electrical measurement KW - High speed tests KW - Induction motors KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Performance evaluations KW - Performance tests KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Test vehicles KW - Testing KW - Thrust KW - Vehicle power plants KW - Voltage UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63697 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137410 AU - Richardson Associates AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT DEMAND/SUPPLY STUDY PY - 1976/06 SP - 70 p. AB - The report presents the results of a demand/supply analysis of the major materials and equipment required by the Northeast Corridor rail passenger service improvement program. The purpose of the study is to identify those items (1) where design and specifications, and production lead-times may have a major impact on delivery and price, and (2) where development of long-term procurement arrangements with suppliers is essential to assure continuity of supplies during the 1976-82 time period because of the possible emergence of capacity bottlenecks. This study is also intended to assist in the development of alternatives to de facto cost plus pricing proposals by suppliers of materials and equipment, especially those involving long lead-times. KW - Circuit breakers KW - Construction projects KW - Contracts KW - Cost plus contracts KW - Costs KW - Equipment KW - High speed track KW - Maintenance KW - Materials KW - Materials management KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Procurement KW - Purchasing KW - Railroad signals KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Transformers KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42760 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00157217 AU - Peterson, C AU - Gunn, W AU - Ensco, Incorporated TI - TEST TRAIN PROGRAM. EIGHTH PROGRESS REPORT PY - 1976/06 SP - 109 p. AB - This report describes the progress of the Rail Engineering and Test Support Program during the period July 1, 1975 to June 30, 1976. Primary emphasis of the program was to perform track inspection of heavily traveled mainline track for the FRA Office of Safety. Also described in this report are special tests performed for the FRA: improvements to the track measurement car and instrumentation; improvements and development of off-line data-processing techniques; development of analysis software for special FRA tests; and highlights of studies performed in support of the Rail Engineering and Test Support Program. This report is intended for use by management and technical personnel who are concerned with accomplishments of the Rail Engineering and Test Support Program. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Ballast mechanics KW - Bibliographies KW - Data collection KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Information processing KW - Inspection cars KW - Maintenance of way KW - Measurement KW - Mechanical properties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Track geometry measurement KW - Track response investigations KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/49997 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151866 AU - Hillegas, B D AU - Pernela, L M AU - Lewis, D C AU - CONSAD Research Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE ALASKA RAILROAD'S FUTURE FREIGHT MARKET. VOLUME III PY - 1976/06 SP - 172 p. AB - The study forecasts the freight market of the Alaska Railroad (ARR) due to natural resource development and pipeline construction in Alaska. This has been done through: (a) evaluation of those resources with commercial development potential which could generate rail service demand; and (b) development and analysis of petroleum development schedules and pipeline construction scenarios. Detailed price and market analysis of Alaskan coal and copper resources were performed. Forecasts of ARR traffic were based upon econometric relationships between the Alaskan economy and petroleum royalties and construction expenditures. Volume three provides a detailed review of ARR's recent freight market, pipeline construction scenarios and other activities which could significantly affect the ARR, and provides forecasts of the Alaska Railroad's freight traffic through 1990. KW - Alaska KW - Alaska Railroad KW - Cargo transportation KW - Coal KW - Coal industry KW - Copper KW - Econometric models KW - Economic analysis KW - Economic development KW - Forecasting KW - Freight traffic KW - Freight transportation KW - Market surveys KW - Mineral deposits KW - Mineral traffic KW - Minerals KW - Natural resources KW - Petroleum industry KW - Petroleum pipelines KW - Pipeline transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Timber KW - Traffic forecasting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47923 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151183 AU - Hillegas, B D AU - Pernela, L M AU - Lewis, D C AU - CONSAD Research Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE ALASKA RAILROAD'S FUTURE FREIGHT MARKET. VOLUME II PY - 1976/06 SP - 211 p. AB - The study forecasts the freight market of the Alaska Railroad (ARR) due to natural resource development and pipeline construction in Alaska. This has been done through: (a) evaluation of these resources with commercial development potential which could generate rail service demand; and (b) development and analysis of petroleum development schedules and pipeline construction scenarios. Detailed price and market analysis of Alaskan coal and copper resources were performed. Forecasts of ARR traffic were based upon econometric relationships between the Alaskan economy and petroleum royalties and construction expenditures. Volume Two inventories Alaskan natural resources. It includes detailed coal and copper evaluations, describes petroleum related growth and development in Alaska, and contains schedules of petroleum production, employment, state revenues, and pipeline construction employment by scenario. KW - Alaska KW - Alaska Railroad KW - Cargo transportation KW - Coal KW - Coal industry KW - Copper KW - Econometric models KW - Economic analysis KW - Economic development KW - Forecasting KW - Freight traffic KW - Freight transportation KW - Market surveys KW - Mineral deposits KW - Mineral traffic KW - Minerals KW - Natural resources KW - Petroleum industry KW - Petroleum pipelines KW - Pipeline transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Timber KW - Traffic forecasting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47677 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147405 AU - Hillegas, B D AU - Pernela, L M AU - Lewis, D C AU - CONSAD Research Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - THE ALASKA RAILROAD'S FUTURE FREIGHT MARKET. VOLUME I PY - 1976/06 SP - 76 p. AB - The study forecasts the freight market of The Alaska Railroad (ARR) due to natural resource development and pipeline construction in Alaska. This has been done through: (a) Evaluation of those resources with commercial development potential which could generate rail service demand; and (b) development and analysis of petroleum development schedules and pipeline construction scenarios. Detailed price and market analyses of Alaskan coal and copper resources were performed. Forecasts of ARR traffic were based upon econometric relationship between the Alaska economy and petroleum royalties and construction expenditures. Volume One contains the Executive Summary. It describes the study scope and methodology, and highlights ARR's recent experiences, the Alaskan economy, and resource development status. KW - Alaska KW - Alaska Railroad KW - Cargo transportation KW - Coal KW - Coal industry KW - Copper KW - Econometric models KW - Economic analysis KW - Economic development KW - Forecasting KW - Forestry KW - Freight traffic KW - Freight transportation KW - Highway transportation KW - Market surveys KW - Mineral deposits KW - Mineral traffic KW - Minerals KW - Natural resources KW - Petroleum industry KW - Petroleum pipelines KW - Pipeline transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Timber KW - Traffic forecasting UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63703 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147574 AU - El-Aini, Y M AU - Princeton University TI - THE EFFECT OF IMPERFECTIONS ON THE VERTICAL BUCKLING OF RAILROAD TRACKS SN - RR519/R6321 PY - 1976/06 SP - 42 p. AB - This report deals with an analytical prediction of the effect of geometric imperfections on the post-buckling characteristics of railroad tracks. The analysis is restricted to the case of vertical track buckling due to constrained thermal expansion in which the track is assumed to lift itself up over a finite span. The imperfections are categorized into two cases. Case (A) in which the region of imperfection is larger than the span of lift-off and Case (B) in which the imperfection region is smaller than the span of lift-off. It is shown that while a perfectly straight track does not exhibit bifurcation points from the undeformed state, the imperfect track does and that the bifurcation temperature in Case (A) is lower than in Case (B) for the same ratio of imperfection amplitudes reduces the bifurcation temperatures significantly. It is found that the bifurcation temperature as well as the safe temperature increase are higher for heavier tracks. KW - Buckling KW - Dislocation (Geology) KW - High temperature KW - Railroad tracks KW - Structural design KW - Thermal stresses KW - Track geometry KW - Track thermal stress KW - Vertical displacement UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63785 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147578 AU - Skalski, C A AU - Mitre Corporation TI - THE AIR-CORE LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR--AN ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT DEVELOPMENT PY - 1976/06 SP - 144 p. AB - The development of the air-core linear synchronous motor (LSM) is examined primarily on the basis of work done in the United States and Canada during the past five years. The outstanding performance features of these motors are demonstrated in terms of a simple theory, numerous design examples, and discussions of practical aspects. Comparisons to iron-core LSMs and linear induction motors are made. Also, the possibility of using air-core LSMs as an alternative to conventional railroad electrification techniques is pointed out. KW - Advanced systems KW - High speed vehicles KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Linear motors KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Railroad electrification KW - Synchronous motors UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63788 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145603 AU - Gunn, W W AU - Ensco, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DOT TEST TRAIN PROGRAM SYSTEM INSTRUMENTATION MANUAL. SEVENTH EDITION PY - 1976/06 SP - 149 p. AB - The manual describes track measurement instrumentation which has been developed during the report period and covers all instrumentation currently installed aboard the FRA track survey cars. The major emphasis of this report deals with the operation and calibration of the track geometry measurement system installed aboard track survey car T-3. Ancillary systems as well as equipment aboard track survey car T-1 are also summarized. The information is intended for use by technical personnel concerned with the utilization of FRA track survey car instrumentation, and by engineering and research personnel involved in the application of track geometry measurement techniques. KW - Calibration KW - Data collection KW - Equipment tests KW - Evaluation KW - Information processing KW - Inspection cars KW - Instrumentation KW - Manuals KW - Measurement KW - Measuring instruments KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroads KW - Surveying KW - Surveys KW - Test equipment KW - Track geometry survey device UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63194 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00141002 AU - Early, J G AU - National Bureau of Standards AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AAR M128-69-B STEEL PLATE SAMPLES TAKEN FROM INSULATED FIRE TESTED TANK CAR RAX 202 PY - 1976/06 SP - 82 p. AB - Studies were undertaken to measure the elevated-temperature mechanical properties and to determine the elevated- temperature fracture behavior of selected AAR M128-B steel plates. In addition, the ambient-temperature mechanical properties were measured to determine if the requirements of specification AAR M128-69-B were satisfied. The NBS results of check chemical analyses, hardness surveys, thickness measurements, macroscopic observations, and metallographic analyses of the plate samples had been reported previously. The results of ambient-temperature tensile tests showed that all plate samples met the strength and tensile ductility requirements of specification AAR M128-69-B. The results of hot-tensile tests showed a continuous decrease in strength properties and an increase in tensile ductility as the test temperature was increased from 1100 F to 1250 F. An analysis of stress-rupture data for specimens from all plant samples in the same temperature range indicated that a straight line in a log-log plot of initial stress versus rupture life reasonably represented the data at each test temperature. In the temperature and stress range studied, a decrease in the initial stress of about 20 to 30 percent resulted in a twelvefold increase in rupture life from 15 minutes to three hours. A comparison of the results of the metallographic analysis of hot-tensile and representative stress-rupture specimens with the previously reported metallographic results on the initial rupture site in the failed shell course indicate the presence of the identical fracture mode. This mode is characterized by many intergranular voids which originate primarily at the proeutectoid ferrite-pearlite boundaries. These results confirm the previously reported finding that the initial rupture of the tank car was a stress-rupture crack. KW - Alloy steel KW - Crack propagation KW - Cracking KW - Fracture properties KW - High temperature KW - Metallurgy KW - Railroad materials KW - Specifications KW - Tank car construction materials KW - Tank car design KW - Tank cars KW - Tests KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44087 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00141001 AU - Interrante, C G AU - National Bureau of Standards AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - IMPACT PROPERTIES OF STEELS TAKEN FROM FOUR FAILED TANK CARS PY - 1976/06 SP - 160 p. AB - An overview of the results and metallurgical analyses of the findings of impact tests conducted at the National Bureau of Standards on samples of tank-car materials submitted by the Federal Railroad Administration is presented. The submitted samples were taken from tank cars which had been involved in service accidents during the period January 1970 to January 1971. One of these tank cars had been fabricated from ASTM A212 steel and the remaining four tank cars from AAR TC128 steels. The impact test data were reported earlier in four tank-car accident reports. KW - Alloy steel KW - Fracture mechanics KW - Impact loading KW - Impact loads KW - Metallurgy KW - Railroad materials KW - Specifications KW - Tank car construction materials KW - Tank car design KW - Tank cars KW - Tests KW - Vehicle design UR - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/42000/42300/42320/ord75-51.pdf UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44086 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00305743 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - REPORT ON THE POTENTIAL FOR INTEGRATING RAIL SERVICE PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL RAILROAD PASSENGER CORPORATION WITH OTHER MODES PY - 1976/05/01 SP - 185 p. AB - The report is in response to Section 17 of the Amtrak Improvement Act of 1974 which directed the Secretary of Transportation to conduct a study "on the potential for integrating rail service provided by the National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) with other modes of transportation including buses, with particular attention to the needs of rural areas." Relevant aspects of Amtrak and the intercity bus systems are examined to indicate the potential for integration growing out of the characteristic, performance, economic, social, and institutional arrangements of these two modes. Several significant areas of difficulty in developing an integrated system are uncovered; not the least of which is the costs to both modes which would result. The number of bus or rail passengers who would probably respond to the integrated rail-bus system is minimal based upon the concentration of populations within the appropriate concentric isotime zones required to get to the railroad station. The length of time of access to the station may be only a small fraction of the total travel time or the passengers will not use the integrated rail-bus system. KW - Amtrak KW - Buses KW - Feeder buses KW - Legislation KW - Level of service KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rural areas KW - Services KW - Surveys KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/144110 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143984 AU - Weese (Harry) and Associates Limited AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 12.2. CORRIDOR STATIONS PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PY - 1976/05 SP - 406 p. AB - The Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976 authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to implement the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program to achieve, within 5 years after date of enactment of the Act, establishment of regularly scheduled and dependable intercity rail passenger service between Boston, Mass. and Washington, DC, including appropriate intermediate stops. The Federal Railroad Administration has authorized a number of preliminary programming, planning and engineering tasks to provide the basis for development of final plans for the design and construction work. Performance Standards were developed to serve as the primary source of requirements to be satisfied in the design of the individual stations. The Performance Standards represent a set of generalized planning and design criteria for major functional and operational components of stations and sites documented in terms of quantities, sizes, levels of service and performance characteristics related to 1990 patronage projections. These Performance Standards are to become part of a Work Package for each station that will also include a Station Program, Schematic Design Drawings, Outline Specifications, a Cost Estimate, and an Implementation Schedule. KW - Cost estimating KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Estimates KW - Forecasting KW - Intercity travel KW - Level of service KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Railroad stations KW - Railroads KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - Specifications KW - Structural design KW - Systems engineering KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62494 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147712 AU - BRANTMAN, R AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - PROGRAM MULTI: A MULTI-PURPOSE PROGRAM FOR COMPUTING AND GRAPHING ROOTS AND VALUES FOR ANY REAL FUNCTION. USERS/PROGRAMMERS MANUAL PY - 1976/05 SP - 56 p. AB - As part of its activity under the Rail Equipment Safety Project, computer programs for track/train dynamics analysis are being developed and modified. As part of this effort, derailment behavior of trains negotiating curves under buff or draft has been investigated. To determine how critical car and train parameters affect actual stability of various train buckling modes, a generalized multi-purpose computer programs has been developed that can be used to compute and graph cross sections of any surface in space, or to compute and graph the roots of any equation and any function of these roots. It can be used for a variety of applications, including the graphing of multi-valued functions whose branches are not known beforehand. This capability is unique among graphing programs, and it greatly facilitates that analysis of any system with multiple equilibrium branches. The program is especially suited for computing the branches and investigating the stability of nonlinear finite-degree of freedom systems subjected to static loads. The program is oriented towards systems with one or two degrees of freedom, but it can also handle additional degrees of freedom and any number of parametric variables. KW - Computer graphics KW - Computer programs KW - Derailments KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Slack action KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Steering KW - Train operations KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63876 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144096 AU - Reebie, R S AU - Ainsworth, D P AU - LIBA, C J AU - Riker, J B AU - Keale, M J AU - Urba, C E AU - Isacowitc, D A AU - Laughlin, M O AU - Reebie (Robert) and Associates, Incorporated AU - Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company TI - NATIONAL INTERMODAL NETWORK FEASIBILITY STUDY. APPENDICES 1 THROUGH 4 - PART II PY - 1976/05 SP - 351 p. AB - This is Part II of the National Intermodal Network Feasibility Study, and contains Appendices 1 thru 4. Appendix 1 describes the development of a national origin/destination containerizable commodity flow data base. Appendix 2 describes the costing concepts that were used throughout the study to compare the economics of intermodal operations and competing land, highway and railway operations. It also presents the expense factors that were determined to be representative of efficiency operations of each mode. Finally it presents the printouts of unit costs that were developed for representative volumes and speeds by the computer model of land costs. Appendix 3 presents a sampling of each of the computer output reports which developed a nationwide intermodal network. It includes complete reproduction of the less voluminous reports. In addition, Chapter 6 of Volume III is reproduced in order to guide the reader through the complex data contained in these reports. Appendix 4 presents a comparison of the investment and costs of the major types of intermodal terminal operating concepts. These are differentiated by the type of equipment utilized. The appendix also presents an analysis of the effects on unit costs of variations in operating requirements, variations that occur at different terminal cities. The manual has been designed to assist intermodal operators to establish the most efficient operating pattern for each local situation. KW - Analysis KW - Commodities KW - Commodity statistics KW - Competition KW - Computer analysis KW - Containerization KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Freight transportation KW - Information processing KW - Inland waterways KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Motor carriers KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Origin and destination KW - Statistics KW - Transportation modes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62571 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144095 AU - Reebie, R S AU - Ainsworth, D P AU - LIBA, C J AU - Riker, J B AU - Keale, M J AU - Urba, C E AU - Reebie (Robert) and Associates, Incorporated TI - NATIONAL INTERMODAL NETWORK FEASIBILITY STUDY. VOLUME I THROUGH IV--PART I PY - 1976/05 SP - 420 p. AB - This is the first of a two part series comprising the National Intermodal Network Feasibility Study. Part I contains Volumes I thru IV, and Part II, Appendices 1 thru 4. Volume I is the Executive Summary. Volume II describes the current environment in which various land transportation modes compete for the movement of containerizable freight. It also describes the current patterns of operations of the significant land modes and presents an analysis of their service and economic capabilities. Special attention is given to a discussion of intermodal terminal operations. Finally, the report suggests opportunities for improvement of intermodal operations. Volume III presents the procedures and findings of the study phases that developed a network operating plan. It then compares the service and economic capabilities of an improved intermodal network with similar capabilities of efficient operations of competing modes. And finally it describes the network operations that were developed. Volume IV assesses the feasibility of a Nationwide Intermodal Network by reviewing the operating implications developed earlier. It compares these requirements with the capabilities of today's carriers. It then seeks to evaluate the financial feasibility, cash flow and investment requirement, which are of paramount concern in judging the reasonableness of this transportation alternative. The volume concludes with an examination of alternative organizational and management concepts. KW - Competition KW - Containerization KW - Cost accounting KW - Economic analysis KW - Freight transportation KW - Intermodal operations KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Mode choice KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Profitability KW - Quality of service KW - Shippers KW - Traffic managers KW - Transportation modes UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62570 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00141379 AU - Winestone, R L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - SEVEN YEARS OF TRAIN-AIR COMPETITION IN THE NEW YORK TO WASHINGTON PASSENGER MARKET PY - 1976/05 SP - 22 p. AB - A total of 21.1 million passenger trips were made in the seven years by both the Metroliner and air service on the Washington-New York/Newark city pair. The Air carriers accounted for 70.0 percent of the total or 14.8 million trips, but the proportion of rail passengers increased from 24.8 in 1969 to 39.3 percent in 1975, while the air percentage fell from 75.2 in 1969 to 60.7 percent in 1975. Significant competition is noted between Metroliner and air service. A special week-end air coach excursion fare has not shown any pronounced increases in ridership. In March 1975, Amtrak instituted an off-peak round trip coach fare, and a new marketing concept involving replacement of old equipment, at the end of 1975, 15 metroliners and 38 conventional trains were operating in each direction. It is noted that a combination of factors such as increased rail and air fares, the return of people to their automobiles, and the poor economic conditions account for the decreased number of common carrier patrons. KW - Air transportation KW - Competition KW - Intercity transportation KW - Intercity travel KW - Mode choice KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passengers KW - Railroad transportation KW - Transportation modes KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44323 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00141380 AU - Winestone, R L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - EXAMINATION OF NINE YEARS OF TRAIN-AIR DATA IN THE BOSTON TO NEW YORK PASSENGER MARKET PY - 1976/05 SP - 24 p. AB - Rail passenger data collected over a period of nine years are compared with commercial air carriage in intercity service between Boston and New York. Air carrier passengers were 85.8 percent of the nine-year total air-rail passenger trips, but the proportion of rail passengers more than doubled - from an average of 12.2 in 1971 to 26.4 percent in 1975. Air patronage has slipped from 87.8 to 73.6 percent in the same period. Statistics also show that the number of rail riders was smaller in 1976 than it was in 1974, falling for the first time since 1971. Amtrak's effort to attract passengers is noted, and economic conditions are cited as reason for the total decreased ridership. A week-end Air Shuttle fair and an off-peak Amtrak excursion fare are expected to attract riders to the respective modes in 1976. KW - Air transportation KW - Competition KW - Intercity transportation KW - Intercity travel KW - Mode choice KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passengers KW - Railroad transportation KW - Transportation modes KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44324 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00139459 AU - Ingrao, H C AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - OPTICAL AUTOMATIC CAR IDENTIFICATION (OACI). FIELD TEST PROGRAM PY - 1976/05 SP - 186 p. AB - The results of the Optical Automatic Car Identification (OACI) tests at Chicago conducted from August 16 to September 4, 1975 are presented. The main purpose of this test was to determine the suitability of optics as a principle of operation for an automatic car identification. Readabilities by standard and "modified" scanners were measured. Based on the optical information available in the label-scanner communication channel and the determination of the non-read causes, the label-scanner readability and limit of readability were obtained. Also the same readabilities were obtained using multiplexed data from two scanners, one at each side of the track. The benefits of redundancy in the multiplexed data are based on the analysis of the test results. Conslusions and recommendations are presented. No attempt has been made to evaluate the hardware implementation of the OACI systems used during the Chicago test. KW - Automatic car identification KW - Automation KW - Classification yard automation KW - Classification yards KW - Data collection KW - Information systems KW - Reliability KW - Technological forecasting KW - Yard and terminal information systems KW - Yard operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/43790 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136994 AU - Cambridge Seven Associates, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR RAIL STATIONS. TASK 13. PROTOTYPE BELTWAY STATION DEVELOPMENT. NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM PY - 1976/05 SP - 185 p. AB - The Northeast Corridor Project within the Federal Railroad Administration of the Department of Transportation had its foremost objective the development planning, physical design and subsequent implementation of high speed intercity rail passenger service between Washington D.C. and Boston, Massachusetts. This would include the renovation, expansion or new construction of 15 stations along the Northeast Corridor. This project was defined to develop planning and design requirements and prepare alternative designs for a prototype beltway (low activtiy level) intercity rail passenger station, select optimized design and develop a site-specific station work package. KW - Construction KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity passenger services KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Metropolitan areas KW - Modular structures KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger station design KW - Passenger terminals KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Platforms KW - Railroad stations KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Rehabilitation (Maintenance) KW - Renovating KW - Renovation KW - Structural design KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42640 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133305 AU - Labor/Management Task Force on Rail Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Association of American Railroads TI - A COOPERATIVE PROGRAM OF EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING CHANGES IN RAILROAD OPERATIONS PY - 1976/04/15 SP - 156 p. AB - The report describes the results of the second full year of activities in the St. Louis Terminal of the Missouri Pacific Railroad, where railway labor and management are cooperating in introducing improvements to terminal operations. This is accomplished through a series of experimental changes which are introduced for a specified time period, evaluated on a before and after basis, and if local labor and management agree, are instituted as permanent improvements. The thrust of the experiment has been in the areas of labor agreements, carrier agreements and governmental regulations which for one reason or another are thought to impede the efficient operation of the terminal. KW - Agreements KW - Deployment KW - Freight terminals KW - Government policies KW - Government regulations KW - Industrial engineering KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Labor relations KW - Labor unions KW - Management KW - Management methods KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Operating strategies KW - Policy KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroad yards KW - Regulations KW - Saint Louis (Missouri) KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Work rules UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/41458 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147575 AU - Chen, R P AU - D'sena, G O AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company TI - LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR RESEARCH VEHICLE WHEEL/RAIL ADHESION TEST PY - 1976/04 SP - 57 p. AB - A principal factor in the design of effective propulsion and braking systems for new rail transportation equipment is the available adhesion vs speed characteristics of steel-wheel-on-steel-rail vehicles. Objectives of the LIMRV wheel/rail adhesion test were: (1) to obtain, over a wide speed range, empirical data that complements the considerable body of data available from previous low-to-moderate-speed investigations, and (2) to determine the extent of loss of available wheel/rail adhesion with increasing vehicle speed. The results obtained are qualitatively compatible with published data on moderate- speed tests; at high speeds, however, degradation of the attainable adhesion coefficient was not apparent. This test program indicates that wheel/rail adhesion may not limit the maximum safe speed of wheel/rail vehicles to the degree previously assumed. It is also evident that for the LIMRV, which has a higher speed capability and apparently a larger attainable wheel/rail adhesion coefficient than a conventional vheicle, the running rail surface exerts a more pronounced effect on the maximum attainable adhesion than does vehicle speed. The measured adhesion values were greater than expected at the higher speeds, but the maximum attainable adhesion coefficient was not determined because of force limitations of the present braking system. It is therefore believed that further testing of the LIMRV could significantly add to the existing body of knowledge on wheel/rail adhesion, particularly in the area of attainable adhesion vs speed relationships. KW - Adhesion KW - Coefficient of friction KW - High speed tests KW - High speed vehicles KW - Linear induction motors KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rolling contact KW - Testing KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147576 AU - Powell, R B AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company TI - LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR RESEARCH VEHICLE REACTION RAIL EDGE EFFECT INVESTIGATION. THE EFFECT OF RAIL SLOTTING PY - 1976/04 SP - 28 p. AB - The purpose of this investigation was to obtain full-scale linear induction motor performance data with a slotted reaction rail. The motor thrust characteristics were determined with two different airgap widths at each of two different slot pitches. Test results showed essentially no variation in motor thrust characteristics with a slotted vs. an unslotted reaction rail. On the basis of this investigation (35 separate test runs were performed) it is concluded that slotting the reaction rail does not enhance LIM performance. This is a significant finding because slotting increases the cost of reaction rail fabrication. KW - Advanced systems KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Reaction rails KW - Test vehicles KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63787 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136980 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - REPORT ON THE RAILROAD TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM (9TH), 1975, BY THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION TO THE PRESIDENT, THE SENATE, AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PY - 1976/04 SP - 76 p. AB - The document contains the report on the Federal Railroad Administration's activities carried out under the High Speed Ground Transportation (HSGT) Act of 1965 as amended and extended, for the Secretary of Transportation to report annually to the President and the Congress on activities performed under the Act. This report covers the HSGT-funded research, development and demonstrations programs administered by the Office of Research and Development (OR&D) and the Transportation Test Center (TTC) of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) in accordance with Section 10(a) of the Act and also encompasses related work performed under appropriations for advancing railroad technology and safety including the activities of the Transportation Test Center. The report covers program activities for the period October 1, 1974, to September 30, 1975. The report is designed to serve as a source of information for those having an interest in FRA's research, development and demonstration activities. A limited number of copies are made available to Committees of Congress, other Department of Transportation (DOT) organizations, academicians, prospective contractors, industry organizations and others who have an interest in FRA's R&D results. KW - Cargo transportation KW - Electric power KW - Electrical systems KW - Foreign KW - Freight transportation KW - Hazardous materials KW - Noise control KW - Noise reduction KW - Passenger transportation KW - Propulsion KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Research KW - Safety KW - Suspension systems KW - Tank cars KW - Tracked vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42633 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147396 AU - Powell, R B AU - AiResearch Manufacturing Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - LINEAR INDUCTION MOTOR ELECTRICAL BRAKING TEST PY - 1976/04 SP - 115 p. AB - This report describes the electrical braking characteristics of a 2500-hp (at 250 mph) linear induction motor (LIM), which is used to propel and brake the LIM research vehicle. Three methods of electrical braking were investigated: ac dynamic braking, dc eddy current braking, and plugging. From the data acquired the following information was derived and is presented herein for each of the braking methods investigated: (1) LIM electrical braking characteristics in terms of braking force developed as a function of vehicle speed, with all data referred to a 2000-A primary current, (2) powerplant characteristics, (3) the location and magnitude of the braking energy dissipated, and (4) power and control equipment requirements. Pertinent LIM design information is also included to enable independent investigators to correlate analytical predictions with the test data published herein. KW - Advanced systems KW - Alternating current motors KW - Braking KW - Braking performance KW - Deceleration KW - Direct current motors KW - Dynamic braking KW - Eddy current brakes KW - Electric brakes KW - Induction motors KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Linear induction motors KW - Phase control KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63696 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137368 AU - Transmark, London AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. FINAL MARKETING REPORT FOR THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR RAIL PASSENGER DEMONSTRATION PY - 1976/04 SP - 88 p. AB - The report analyses the impact on the North East Corridor passenger transportation system of the High Speed Ground Demonstration Program, and, on the basis of the findings from the analysis, considers alternative marketing strategies for the future, and selects the strategy that offers the most favorable outcome. KW - Economic impacts KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity travel KW - Level of service KW - Market research KW - Marketing KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroad transportation KW - Revenues KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42748 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137369 AU - Transmark, London AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR HIGH SPEED RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. FINAL MARKETING REPORT FOR THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR RAIL PASSENGER DEMONSTRATION - TECHNICAL APPENDIX PY - 1976/04 SP - 68 p. AB - The report evaluates the likely passenger market affected by the offering of improved rail service in the Northeast Corridor, and develops recommendations for marketing strategies intended to enhance patronage growth. KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity travel KW - Market research KW - Marketing KW - Mathematical models KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Persons by socioeconomic levels KW - Railroad trains KW - Railroad transportation KW - Time series analysis KW - Transportation KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation operations KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42749 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00153360 AU - Association of American Railroads Research Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Railway Progress Institute AU - Transport Canada Research and Development Centre TI - ENGINEMEN'S SENSITIVITY STUDIES PY - 1976/04 SP - 126 p. AB - As part of the Track Train Dynamics Program, Transportation Systems Center studied the role of the locomotive engineer in train handling. This report, covering efforts to December 1974, discusses the development of the active digital data acquisition system, the study of engineman sensitivity, development of the train mass distribution graph, the development and use of the Draft-Buff Indicator, and the vibration environment of the cab. The response of enginemen to car instruments and to cab accelerations and shocks as a means of determining train performance are discussed. KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Control KW - Design KW - Human factors KW - Locomotive cab design KW - Locomotive control instructions KW - Locomotive engineer's tasks KW - Locomotive engineers KW - Locomotive operation KW - Locomotives KW - Psychological aspects KW - Train operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/48647 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00148591 AU - HITZ, J S AU - Transportation Systems Center TI - PERFORMANCE ANALYSES OF INTERCITY GROUND PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS PY - 1976/04 SP - 192 p. AB - This report documents the development of analytical techniques and their use for investigating the performance of intercity ground passenger transportation systems. The purpose of the study is twofold: (1) to provide a capability of evaluating new passenger train systems and (2) to provide information that assists in the formulation of development policies for new systems, thus, investigations evaluate the physical performance (average velocity, system capacity, mode split) of train systems with various design characteristics operating in a range of application conditions. Based on these analyses, conclusions are made regarding the potential performance effectivenss of train systems. The analyses cover design cruise speed, acceleration and braking rates, train length, seat density and lateral acceleration limits. Application characteristics considered include station spacing, dwell time, curve length, spacing and speed, switch concepts and train control strategies. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Control systems KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intercity travel KW - Mode choice KW - Operating strategies KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger transportation KW - Scheduling UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/64310 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147580 AU - Schrier, E AU - Ainsworth, D P AU - Manalytics, Incorporated TI - TRANSPORTATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES: A BIBLIOGRAPHY PY - 1976/04 SP - 62 p. AB - This bibliography, organized by subject, contains sources of information on the transportation and distribution of perishable foods in the United States. The listing of source material was compiled as part of a long-term study, not yet completed, evaluating the present distributor system for such commodities. KW - Agricultural products KW - Agricultural traffic KW - Bibliographies KW - Freight traffic KW - Logistics KW - Perishables KW - Physical distribution KW - Vegetables UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63790 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145541 AU - Tong, P AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MECHANICS OF TRAIN COLLISION PY - 1976/04 SP - 74 p. AB - A simple and a more detailed mathematical model for the simulation of train collisions are presented. The study presents considerable insight as to the causes and consequences of train motions on impact. Comparison of model predictions with two full scale train-to-train impact tests shows good correlation. Methods for controlling train motion and kinetic energy dissipation for the minimization of train collision induced damage are suggested. KW - Cabooses KW - Crash analysis KW - Crash injury research KW - Crashes KW - Crashworthiness KW - Damage analysis KW - Energy absorption KW - Forecasting KW - Impact tests KW - Loads KW - Locomotives KW - Loss and damage KW - Mathematical models KW - Mechanics KW - Railroads KW - Research KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63152 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145590 AU - Shamberger, R C AU - Sines, G S AU - DINGLE, A D AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MISSOURI PACIFIC'S COMPUTERIZED FREIGHT CAR SCHEDULING SYSTEM. STATE OF THE ART SURVEY: A COOPERATIVE EFFORT OF PRIVATE INDUSTRY AND GOVERNMENT PY - 1976/04 SP - 291 p. AB - The report describes the essential features of the service reliability and equipment utilization programs used by six major railroads. The survey was conducted for the development and demonstration of a computerized car scheduling system. The most important insights gained from the survey are: the railroad has made considerable progress in the development and use of service reliability and equipment utilization programs; the need for a computerized car scheduling system is widely recognized but its capabilities are not well understood, the principal factors that now exist and unless countered will retard the implementation of car scheduling on other roads are the provincialism of the railroads, the skepticism regarding practicality and the value of car scheduling, the variations of the capabilities of the prerequisite computer support systems, the lack of data standardization and data exchange; and an industry action program supported by FRA and specifically addressed to the problems of transferability is needed before car scheduling will be rapidly accepted by other railroads. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Computer programming KW - Computers KW - Coordination KW - Data communications KW - Electronic data interchange KW - Freight cars KW - Freight transportation KW - Industries KW - Information processing KW - Level of service KW - Management information systems KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Quality of service KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Reliability KW - Reviews KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - Standardization KW - Utilization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63184 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137037 AU - Due, J F AU - Wisconsin Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Council of State Governments TI - SHORT LINE RAILROAD OPERATIONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO LOSS OF RAIL SERVICE: PROS AND CONS PY - 1976/04 SP - 44 p. AB - The report asserts the probability of future widespread abandonments of branchline rail freight service. It stipulates the circumstances in which abandonments are most likely to occur, and assesses the negative impacts that may result. It is suggested that short line railroad operations may be an alternative to the complete loss of rail service. The report describes the savings that may accrue through a changeover from major railroad ownership to short line operation. Alternative institutional and financial mechanisms for establishing and operating short line roads are discussed. A broad description of capital and operating costs is given. Finally, several examples are provided of successful short line operations in the United States. KW - Abandonment KW - Branch lines KW - Cargo transportation KW - Economic impacts KW - Freight service KW - Freight transportation KW - Industry structure KW - Level of service KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Operating costs KW - Planning KW - Railroad transportation KW - Services KW - Short line KW - Short line railroads UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42652 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00138087 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NINTH REPORT ON THE RAILROAD TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM PY - 1976/04 SP - 74 p. AB - A report on the Federal Railroad Administration's activities carried out under the High Speed Ground Transportation (HSGT) Act of 1965 as amended and extended, for the Secretary of Transportation to report annually to the President and the Congress on activities performed under the Act. This report covers the HSGT-funded research, development and demonstrations programs administered by the Office of Research and Development (OR&D) and the Transportation Test Center (TTC) of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) in accordance with Section 10(a) of th Act and also encompasses related work performed under appropriations for advancing railroad technology and safety including the activities of the Transportation Test Center. The report covers program activities for the period October 1, 1974, to September 30, 1975. The report is designed to serve as a source of information for those having an interest in FRA's research, development and demonstration activities. A limited number of copies are made available to Committees of Congress, other Department of Transportation (DOT) organizations, academicians, prospective contractors, industry organizations and others who have an interest in FRA's R&D results. KW - Advanced systems KW - Development KW - Freight transportation KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Metroliner (Express train) KW - Noise KW - Passenger transportation KW - Railroad grade crossings KW - Railroad research information service KW - Railroad safety KW - Railroad tracks KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Safety KW - Structural design KW - Tank car safety KW - Tank cars KW - Technological forecasting KW - Track design KW - Train track dynamics KW - Transportation test center UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/43075 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00146514 AU - Polutchko, J A AU - Sherman, R A AU - Hafer, F AU - LePage, R AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 3: MANAGEMENT PLANNING AND CONTROL SYSTEM SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1976/03/31 SP - 204 p. AB - The Northeast Corridor Improvement Program (NECIP) has as its primary goal the improvement of the intercity passenger rail system between Washington and Boston in order to maximize the use of the rail capability in meeting present and future transportation demands. The NECIP Management Planning and Control System (MPCS) consists of those planning, estimating, progress measuring, reporting, evaluation, and replanning functions required to design and construct the improvements within established schedule, cost, and performance parameters. Included in the MPCS are the policies, methods, procedures, reports, and data needed to accomplish and record the above functions and the automated Management Information System which assists in this process. KW - Construction projects KW - Cost engineering KW - Industrial engineering KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management methods KW - Management planning KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Project management KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Scheduling KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63485 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145598 AU - Thomas, G R AU - Winestone, R L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - WEST COAST CORRIDOR STUDY INTERIM REPORT, JANUARY 1976. PREPARED IN RESPONSE TO SECTION 13 OF THE AMTRAK IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1974 PY - 1976/03/15 SP - 45 p. AB - The report was prepared in response to the High Speed Ground Transportation Act as amended by Section 13 of the Amtrak Improvement Act of 1974 providing an early and realistic understanding of the magnitude and scope of the intercity transportation needs of the West Coast States. The findings include the following: (1) The problems are primarily state and local in character and are largely confined by differing demographic, geographic and travel characteristics to three distinct segments: the southern one-third of the corridor from Tijuana, Mexico to Sacramento, California, the northern one-third from Eugene, Oregon to Vancouver, Canada, and the middle one-third between Sacramento, California and Eugene, Oregon; (2) statewide intermodal transportation planning should be encouraged to achieve a balanced transportation system in the area, and conserve energy resources; (3) the tentative economic social and environmental costs of advanced technology rail passenger systems outweigh the benefits to be achieved based upon population growth rates and the location of that growth. KW - Amtrak KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - California KW - Canada KW - Demographics KW - Foreign KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity travel KW - Mexico KW - Oregon KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Planning KW - Railroads KW - State departments of transportation KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Transportation planning KW - Travel demand KW - Urban transportation KW - Washington (State) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63190 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133200 AU - April, D AU - Southern Pacific Transportation Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION: TRUCK ECONOMIC DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS PY - 1976/03 SP - 89 p. AB - The objective of the program was to test the procedures for establishing the actual operating costs of Type I general purpose trucks. This report covers the progress of the program. A generalized truck cost information system was designed for the collection and integration of truck economic data. The collection of test data for off-line truck maintenance costs was completed. Test data collection was initiated for on-line truck maintenance and other associated costs and operating conditions. Preparatory work was begun to develop the appropriate data analysis guidelines. A preliminary analysis of some of the test data clearly revealed the truck's reported off-line wear and failure cost performance. Railroad companies and their suppliers are encouraged to consider adopting the tested procedures of the Truck Design Optimization economic methodology. A progressive implementation of this methodology will provide them with the timely opportunity to develop a truck economic evaluation capability of their own. KW - Cost estimating KW - Design KW - Economic models KW - Estimates KW - Freight cars KW - Information processing KW - Maintenance KW - Operating costs KW - Optimization KW - Railroad cars KW - Trucks UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/41401 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137414 AU - Winestone, R L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL PASSENGER STATISTICS IN THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR 1974-75 PY - 1976/03 SP - 64 p. AB - The monthly data for the years 1974 and 1975 reflect different aspects of train ridership on the Northeast Corridor. In 1974 patronage was substantially higher than it was in 1973 due to the fear that there would be no gasoline available when needed during an intercity automobile trip. In 1975 this fear had subsided, and although generally the number of passengers were higher than had been the case in 1973, the patronage figures were lower than the 1974 high. KW - Energy conservation KW - Energy crisis KW - Energy resources KW - Gasoline KW - High speed rail KW - Maryland KW - Massachusetts KW - New York (State) KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Ridership KW - Statistics KW - Travel demand KW - Virginia KW - Washington (District of Columbia) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42764 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00131621 AU - April, D AU - Southern Pacific Transportation Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREIGHT CAR TRUCK OPTIMIZATION: TRUCK ECONOMIC DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS PY - 1976/03 SP - 86 p. AB - A first interim report covering the development of the TDOP economic methodology was published by the Federal Railroad Administration in April 1975. It contains the truck investment economic evaluation procedures intended for the use of the railroad industry and their suppliers. The primary objective of the Truck Economic Data Collection and Analysis Program is to test the procedures for establishing the significant actual operating costs of existing Type I general purpose trucks. This second interim report covers the progress of the program. A generalized truck cost information system was designed for the collection and integration of truck economic data. The collection of test data for off-line truck maintenance costs was completed. Test data collection was initiated for on-line truck maintenance and other associated costs and operating conditions. Preparatory work was begun to develop the appropriate data analysis guidelines. A preliminary analysis of some of the test data clearly revealed the truck's reported off-line wear and failure cost performance. Railroad companies and their suppliers are encouraged to consider adopting the tested procedures of the TDOP economic methodology. A progressive implementation of this methodology will provide them with the timely opportunity to develop a truck economic evaluation capability of their own. KW - Analysis KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Data collection KW - Economic analysis KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Operating costs KW - Research projects KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/40748 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136814 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - A COMPREHENSIVE RAILROAD SAFETY REPORT (INCLUDING AN ANALYSIS OF THE STATE PARTICIPATION PROGRAM) PY - 1976/03 SP - 359 p. AB - The report describes the mission of the Federal/state joint railroad safety enforcement program, its status as of June 30, 1975, and plans thru fiscal year 1981. Major emphasis is placed upon the state role in the grant program established under Section 206 of the Federal Railroad Safety Act of 1970. Detailed contents are prescribed in Section 203 of the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-633). In brief, Section 203 calls for a review and projection of Federal railroad standards; an identification of any alternative cost-effective methods for inspection; a description of current and planned State railroad programs; an analysis of total staffing requirements; a discussion of program problems and recommendations for legislation; a description of regulations and a projection of rail shipments of radioactive materials. The report, dealing largely with the enforcement countermeasure to ensure safety, represents a portion of the total system approach that is utilized by the Department of Transportation addressed to the goal of accident reduction. KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Cargo transportation KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Federal assistance programs KW - Freight transportation KW - Government regulations KW - Hazardous materials KW - Inspection KW - Legislation KW - Prevention KW - Radioactive materials KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regulations KW - Safety KW - Safety and security KW - Safety engineering KW - Standards KW - State departments of transportation KW - Track standards KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42555 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133322 AU - Baumel, C P AU - Miller, J J AU - Drinka, T P AU - Iowa Department of Transportation AU - Iowa State University, Ames AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF UPGRADING RAIL BRANCH LINES: A STUDY OF 71 LINES IN IOWA PY - 1976/03 SP - 577 p. AB - The report summarizes results of research conducted to determine the economic benefits and costs of upgrading 71 rail lines in Iowa and to estimate the impact of abandonment of these rail lines upon communities and individual businesses in the state. A benefit-cost ratio was estimated for each line. Benefits to shippers and receivers were defined as the change in the annual net revenue from shipping the projected 1980 volume of grain, plus the change in costs for handling and transporting the projected 1980 volume of all other products if the line were upgraded rather than abandoned. The effect of railroad abandonment upon communities, elevators, and businesses that had lost their rail lines prior to 1970 was measured. In addition, the impact of rail abandonment on highways, safety, and fuel consumption was estimated. KW - Abandonment KW - Analysis KW - Benefit cost analysis KW - Branch lines KW - Cargo transportation KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Economic analysis KW - Economic impacts KW - Freight transportation KW - Fuel consumption KW - Grain KW - Iowa KW - Maintenance KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Revenues KW - Rural areas KW - Shippers KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Subsidies KW - Traffic managers UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/41474 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143931 AU - Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Parsons, Brinckerhoff, Quade and Douglas, Incorporated TI - ANALYSIS OF WEST COAST CORRIDOR STUDY ALTERNATIVES PY - 1976/02 SP - 230 p. AB - The report investigates the social advisability, technical feasibility and economic practicality of high-speed ground transportation within the West Coast Corridor defined as the area between Tijuana, Mexico, and Vancouver, British Columbia through the cities of San Diego, Los Angeles, Fresno, San Francisco, Sacramento, California; Portland, Oregon; and Seattle, Washington. Four study scenarios were analyzed, including the null alternative, the high-speed ground transportation alternative (high-speed--100-mph and high-speed advanced systems--300 mph), the full-corridor study, and the subcorridor alternatives. KW - California KW - Canada KW - Economic analysis KW - Environmental impacts KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity travel KW - Mexico KW - Oregon KW - Passengers KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Regional planning KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Sociology KW - Travel demand KW - Urban areas KW - Washington (State) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62448 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143011 AU - Danzig, J C AU - Hay, W W AU - Reinschmidt, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PROCEDURES FOR ANALYZING THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF RAILROAD ROADWAY FOR PRICING PURPOSES - VOLUME II. BIBLIOGRAPHY PY - 1976/01 SP - 227 p. AB - The bibliography was produced as an integral part of a project on Development of Methodologies and Procedures for Analyzing the Economic Costs of Railroad Roadway for Pricing Purposes. The bibliography is made up of three sections: Section A is a partially abstracted bibliography of research reports, periodical articles, special studies, books and proceedings papers felt to be useful to any comprehensive study of railroad roadway costs. It is classified as to subject matter, with references occasionally appearing under more than one classification; Section B contains extensively abstracted American Railway Engineering Association (AREA) Committee Reports, organized by AREA Committee. Section C contains abstracts of selected proceedings articles of the AREA, together with additional references to AREA Committee Reports. KW - Accounting KW - Analysis KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Bibliographies KW - Cost analysis KW - Costs KW - Defects KW - Economic analysis KW - Loads KW - Maintenance KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad tracks KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Traffic engineering KW - Weld defects KW - Welds KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62189 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137019 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0203 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100Ton60ftBox* Truck-Barber S26* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 7-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432-8B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050301CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050301CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted- Ch. 13 neg. bad. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44773 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137021 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0205 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 Ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 7-D7I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050302MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Neg noise ch. 42 & 45 ***FILE 2: Name-050302TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050302TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44775 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137015 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0195 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 6-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 4H7* Snubber Augmentation-Hydraulic* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-6-D5 Inner-Inner springs per post* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050401MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050401TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050401TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44769 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137017 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0197 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 6-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-432; 4H7* Snubber Augmentation-Hydraulic* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-6-D5 Inner-Inner springs per nest* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050305MOD001* Track-shimmed* Speed-24 to 32 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050305TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44771 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136969 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0198 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 ton 60 ft box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 in.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 6-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432;4-H7* Snubber Augmentation-Hydraulic* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-6-D5 Inner-Inner springs per nest* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050305TEA 001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None*** FILE 2: Name-050305TWA001* Track-Hi. Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 44 Inoperative. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44758 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137011 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0191 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 7-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050405MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050405TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44765 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137022 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0206 PY - 1976/01 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 Ft. Box* Truck-BarberS2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 7-D7I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050302TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces and side bearing forces are questionable. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44776 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136972 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0201 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 ton 60 ft. box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5 ; 7-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432;i-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. These on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050301MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-neg. noise on ch. 42 & 45***FILE 2: Name-050301 TSM 001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 41 Inop. to 25 mph.***FILE 3: Name-050301TWA 001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearing-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44761 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137025 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0210 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 3-D3I* Snubbing-8-B421; 8-B422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050303CNE002* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-No brake rigging B-end* Errors noted-Ch.36 neg noise ***FILE 2: Name-050303CNO002* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-No brake rigging B-end* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44779 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137026 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0211 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100Ton60ftbox* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group-7D3O;3-D3I* Snubbing-8-B421;8-B422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050303MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050303TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-pos. noise ch. 11 and 39. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44780 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136968 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0188 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 to 60 ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 7-D3I* Snubbing-B-421; 8-422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050404MOO001* Track-shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 42 -0.8v. off 0 ***FILE 2: Name-050404TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44757 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136970 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0199 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 T. 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S-2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 5-D5O; 5-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432;8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-Volute* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050304MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-22 to 30 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8-In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Neg. noise on ch. 42 & 45***FILE 2: Name-050304TSM001* Track-Mod. Spd. Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44759 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137012 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0192 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 7-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050405TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 21 -1.ov off 0; ch. 39 neg. spikes ***FILE 2: Name-050405TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44766 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137014 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0194 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 Ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 5-D5O; 5-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-Volute* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-5-D5 Inner-Inner springs per nest* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050402TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050402TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44768 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137016 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0196 PY - 1976/01 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 6-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 4H7* Snubber Augmentation-Hydraulic* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050401TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-6-D5 Inner-Inner springs per nest* Errors noted-ch. 32 Inop 30 to 60 mph* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces and side bearing forces are subject to question. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44770 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137018 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0202 PY - 1976/01 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes test on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 Ft. Box* Truck- S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 7-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050301TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces and side bearing forces are questionable. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44772 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137009 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5 TAPE TDOP 0189 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 3-D3I* Snubbing-8-421; 8-422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050404TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050404TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 47 became inop. during pass 2. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44763 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137010 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0190 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 7-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050405CNR001* Track-Curved* Speed-18 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 40 inop.; ch. 32 & 34 +1.0v off 0 ***FILE 2: Name-050405CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050405CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 11 -0.2 v. off 0. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44764 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137023 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0208 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 Ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 3-D3I* Snubbing-8-B421; 8-B422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050303TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 30 to 5 v. off 0. ***FILE 2: Name-050303TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44777 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137024 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0209 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 Ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical*Spring Group 7-D3O; 3-D3I* Snubbing-8-B421; 8-B422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050303CNE001* Track-curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050303CNO001* Track-curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44778 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136971 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0200 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100T.60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S-2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-cylindrical* Spring Group 5-D5O; 5-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-Voluta* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050304TEA001* Track-Hi. Spd. CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None***FILE 2: Name-050304TWAoo1* Track-Hi. Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44760 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137013 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0193 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 5-D5O; 5-D5I* Snubbing-8-B432; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-Volute* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-5-D5 Inner-Inner springs per Nest.* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050402MOD001* Track-shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050402TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44767 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137020 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0204 PY - 1976/01 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7.D7O; 7-D7I* Snubbing-8-B432;8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050302CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Exprimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None***FILE 2: Name-050302CND001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clarance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44774 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143945 AU - Wilson, J F AU - Duke University AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - EXPERIMENTS IN GUIDEWAY - LEVITATION VEHICLE INTERACTION DYNAMICS PY - 1976/01 SP - 88 p. AB - This investigation involves the design and interpretation of laboratory-scale dynamic experiments of vehicles traversing multiple-span or cable-stayed guideways. The nondimensional responses of such systems, including critical span bending moments and vehicle heave accelerations, depend on the system parameters derived in Chapter 2. A point load 'vehicle' and two vehicles closely resembling advanced operational prototypes were designed and tested: the 150 mph Prototype Tracked Air Cushion Vehicle (PTACV), and the 300 mph Tracked Levitated Research Vehicle (TLRV). In Chapter 3, general experiments are designed, all based on these dimensionless system parameters and the capability of instrumentation and data processing minicomputers to measure and interpret response data. The remaining chapters include discussions and comparisons of response data for critical six and three-span guideway moments and for rms vehicle heave accelerations. KW - Advanced systems KW - Air cushion vehicles KW - Cable suspension guideways KW - Cables KW - Computer programs KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Elevated guideways KW - Guideway dynamics KW - Guideways KW - Induction motors KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Mathematical models KW - Mechanical guides KW - Models KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62460 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00166317 AU - Danzig, J C AU - Rugg, J A AU - Williams, J H AU - Hay, W W AU - TOPS On-Line Service, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PROCEDURES FOR ANALYZING THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF RAILROAD ROADWAY FOR PRICING PURPOSES. VOLUME I. PROCEDURES PY - 1976/01 SP - 267 p. AB - The primary objectives of the study are to develop procedures for determining the roadway (fixed plant) costs associated with specific railroad services (routes, equipment, service levels) for use in the pricing of such services, and to demonstrate how these procedures can be implemented as an element of a railroad costing system. The costing procedures developed depart substantially from averaging techniques based on historical roadway expense data as currently used by most railroads. Determination and allocation of a major portion of roadway variable costs, i.e. those associated with the renewal of the track structure, is accomplished by applying predictive life cycle relationships to the specific track/traffic conditions under consideration. These predictive relationships are derived from existing track research data combined with the experience of track maintenance forces on the Southern Pacific. Methods are developed to systematically obtain and analyze relevant track/traffic data for use with the costing procedures. KW - Analysis KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Cost analysis KW - Cost engineering KW - Costs KW - Economic analysis KW - Freight rates KW - Freight traffic KW - Inspection KW - Level of service KW - Life cycle costing KW - Maintenance KW - Maintenance of way KW - Methodology KW - Operating costs KW - Pricing KW - Profits KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rates KW - Services KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Track component investigations KW - Traffic KW - Traffic density UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/56468 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00146513 AU - Massa, R J AU - Sherman, R A AU - Polutchko, J A AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 2: DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAM MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1976/01 SP - 133 p. AB - The report recommends two Program Management Organization structures for the complex, $2.0 billion Northeast Corridor Improvement Program. Highlights of the structure development process include: (1) understanding the complex, changing, unstructured environment that the Program Management Organization must operate within; (2) developing basic assumptions regarding participants, roles, and responsibilities; and (3) reflecting the capabilities of the Federal Railroad Administration and the other key participants. KW - Construction projects KW - Contract administration KW - High speed rail KW - Management KW - Management methods KW - Management planning KW - Mathematical models KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Personnel management KW - Planning KW - Project management KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Systems analysis KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63484 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00422114 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROADS, NEW CHALLENGES AND HORIZONS: PROCEEDINGS OF MAY 12-13, 1976 PY - 1976 SP - 384 p. AB - No abstract provided. KW - Conferences KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Transportation policy KW - United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/234501 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00321044 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL EQUIPMENT ACCIDENT/INCIDENT REPORT, (1976) PY - 1976 AB - There are over 50 fields which include information on the railroad, location, hazardous materials, environmental conditions, operational data, equipment, property damage, accident/incident cause code, casualties, and crew. 1976. This data base was derived from the railroad accident/incident reporting system. KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Safety and security KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/158814 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00320768 AU - Reebie (Robert) and Associates, Incorporated TI - INTERMODAL CARGO STUDY, 1976 PY - 1976 AB - This report uses secondary sources, such as the I.C.C. 1% waybill sample, usda fresh fruit and vegetable unloads, and the cts commodity survey to develop potential loadings to test the feasibility of a national network for tofc/cofc containerized freight movement. KW - Commodities KW - Freight traffic KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Mathematical models KW - Transportation KW - Transportation models and systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/158745 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00331867 AU - Council of Ministers of the Union of USSR TI - SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT OF A CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: TERMS AND DEFINITIONS--GOST (STATE STANDARD) 21390-75 T2 - OBORUDOVANIE SPETSIALIZIROVANNOE CONTEINERNOI TRANSPORTNOI SISTEMY: TERMINY I OPREDELENIYA--GOST 21390-75 PY - 1976 SP - 7 p. AB - USSR State Standard GOST 21390-75 establishes the terms and definitions of the specialized equipment of a container transportation system. For reference purposes, the standardized Russian terms and their definitions are given, together with the equivalent terms in both German and English. KW - Containerization KW - Containers KW - Dictionaries KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Intermodal transportation KW - Railroads KW - Standardization UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/164459 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00331856 AU - USSR Ministry of Railways TI - A MODEL TECHNOLOGICAL PROCEDURE FOR OPERATING A CLASSIFICATION YARD T2 - TIPOVOY TEKHNOLOGICHESKYI PROTSESS RABOTY SORTIROVOCHNOI STANTSII PY - 1976 SP - 104 p. AB - Soviet researchers have developed an operational model for existing classification yards. This book describes such activities as receiving and breaking up inbound trains, classifying cars, and making up outbound trains, as well as the handling of run-through trains and also cars for local destinations. Special procedures are given for organizing the work of a yard in winter conditions. Information is provided on the control and analysis of performance of the classification yard. Appendix 1 gives brief instructions for the implementation of the new procedures described in the model. Appendix 2 presents the methodology for effective coordination within the classification yard, as well as with adjoining track sections. Appendix 3 provides the methodology for specialized yard operations. Appendix 4 covers the procedures of yardmaster schedule management. Appendix 5 provides the method for calculating a standard in-yard car detention time. Appendix 6 describes the recommended mechanization and automation of yard activities. Appendix 7 sets forth the methodology for calculating unit costs of yard operations. Appendix 8 describes the recommended accounting procedures for a classification yard. KW - Classification yards KW - Cold weather KW - Control systems KW - Former Soviet Union KW - Operations KW - Railroad yards KW - Railroads KW - Run through trains KW - Simulation KW - Train makeup KW - Yard control systems KW - Yard operations KW - Yard simulation models UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/164448 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00320854 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NET 3 PRINCETON/KORNHAUSER RAILROAD NETWORK PY - 1976 SP - n.p. AB - NET 3 consists of 4 files: KORN76 (1976 accident/incident file plus geocoding information), LINK (information on links and hazardous material flows on each link, from the 1976 carload waybill statistics), NET-to-SPLC (file of NET 3 mode numbers and x, y coordinates). KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Carloadings KW - Commodities KW - Computer programs KW - Crash analysis KW - Crash data KW - Crashes KW - Freight traffic KW - Geography KW - Hazardous materials KW - Information processing KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Safety and security KW - Standard point location code KW - Statistics KW - Transportation safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/158786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00300597 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD EMPLOYEE FATALITIES INVESTIGATED BY THE FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION PY - 1976 SP - n.p. AB - Annual report covering employee fatalities which must be investigated in accordance with government regulation. KW - Crash investigation KW - Crash reports KW - Fatalities KW - Safety KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/138447 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00300596 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAILROAD ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORTS PY - 1976 SP - n.p. AB - This series of periodic reports covers investigations of accidents which government regulation requires be reported to the Federal Railroad Administration. KW - Crash investigation KW - Crash reports KW - Safety KW - Statistics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/138446 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00190363 AU - Mashinostroyeniye Publishing House TI - DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES PY - 1976 SP - 544 p. AB - The book contains general information on mainline locomotives, the theoretical aspects of these vehicles, and their design and construction. The authors set forth the technico-economic bases in the choice of the principal parameters of mainline locomotives. They examine the basic parameters of power plants and transmissions, the construction and design of auxiliary systems, body and truck frames and suspensions. The requirements placed on sanitation and hygienic facilities are stated. Sample calculations of traction characteristics are given. This book is intended for the use of engineering and technical personnel of locomotive plants, design bureaus, scientific-research institutions engaged in planning and improvement of locomotives, and also for the engineering-technical personnel of the rail-transport industry. KW - Car body KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Diesel engines KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotives KW - Motor vehicle bodies KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82356 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00190365 AU - Buikov, V G AU - Transport Publishing House TI - PASSENGER DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE TYPE TEP 70 T2 - PASSAZHIRSKII TEPLOVOZ TEP 70 PY - 1976 SP - 232 p. AB - This book examines the design features of the TEP 70 diesel locomotive and its components, including its 2A-9DG diesel generator systems, electrical equipment, and underframe. This book is intended for diesel locomotive engineers, and also may be useful to students of professional technical schools and to engineering technical personnel. KW - Car body KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Generators KW - Motor vehicle bodies KW - Motors KW - Propulsion KW - Propulsion systems KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Traction KW - Traction drives KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle power plants UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82358 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00190368 AU - Dmitrier, V A AU - Transport Publishing House TI - NATIONAL-ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF RAILROAD ELECTRIFICATION AND THE USE OF DIESEL TRACTION T2 - NARODNOKHOZYAISTVENNAYA EFFEKTIVNOST' ELEKTRIFIKATSII ZHELEZNYKH DOROG I PRIMENENIYA TEPLOVOZNOI TYAGI PY - 1976 SP - 262 p. AB - This book examines the national economic benefits to be derived from railroad electrification and diesel traction. It presents a method for calculating the foreseeable benefits arising from use of modern economic and mathematical tools. It features a comprehensive national economic approach to the electrification of railroads and the allocation of diesel traction in conjunction with other projects in railroad development, technical progress in all modes of transportation, and the introduction of innovations in science and technology. The book is intended for planning, economic, and engineering-technical personnel working the field of railroad transportation. KW - Analysis KW - Analytical techniques KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Economic analysis KW - Justification KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82361 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00190366 AU - Transport Publishing House TI - DEPOT REPAIR OF ALTERNATING CURRENT ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES T2 - DEPOVSKOI REMONT ELEKTROVOZOV PEREMENNAGO TOKO PY - 1976 SP - 440 p. AB - The book presents general information on modern systems and organization of depot repair of alternating current electric locomotives. Described are the basic servicing technology; the TR-1, TR-2, and TR-3 types of running repair of VL60, VL60K, VL80K, and VL80T electric locomotives; the flow (assembly) lines and the automation of production processes; and problems in economics, technical safety and industrial sanitation. In comparison with the 1st edition, published in 1971, this book has taken into consideration all the changes associated with the improvement of the alternating current electric locomotive repair system. This book is intended for technicians and depot locomotive repair personnel and may be useful to engineers and students in railroad transportation secondary school institutions. KW - Electric locomotives KW - Generators KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotives KW - Maintenance facilities KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - Maintenance shops KW - Motors KW - Planning KW - Railroad electrification KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Test facilities KW - Traction KW - Traction drives KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/82359 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00185363 AU - Central Scientific Res Inst of Info/Tech/Econ Res TI - THE FLOW METHOD OF THE REPAIR OF PASSENGER CARS. THE OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY OF MECHANIZED FLOW LINES T2 - POTOCHNYI METOD REMONTA PASSAZHIRSKIKH VAGONOV. EKSPLUATATSIONNAYA NADEZHNOST' MEKHANIZIROVANNYKH POTOCHNYKH LINII PY - 1976 SP - 44 p. AB - The first portion of this booklet presents the experience in the organization of the repair of railroad passenger cars (car assembly shop, wheel-roller bearing shop, and the power shop)- of the Riga Passenger Depot of the Baltic Railroad. The second portion presents an evaluation of the operational reliability of flow lines (assembly lines, etc.). Questionnaire cards are presented that cover the reliability and productivity of lines of various types, as well as an analysis of the factors influencing the quality of railroad car repair. KW - Automobile repair shops KW - Passenger car maintenance KW - Passenger cars KW - Production KW - Repair shops KW - Shopping facilities KW - Vehicle maintenance KW - Wheel shops KW - Wheel shops (Railroads) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/77481 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00183911 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1976 CONFERENCE "EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS, AN ALTERNATIVE TO TRAGEDY" PY - 1976 SP - 83 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Alcoholism KW - Human factors KW - Personnel KW - Personnel practices KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76683 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00183315 JO - Railway Technical Research Institute, Quarterly Reports PB - Railway Technical Research Institute/Tetsudo Gijutsu Kenkyujo AU - JAPANESE NATIONAL RAILWAYS TI - ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE DUE TO THYRISTOR CONTROL OF RAIL CARS PY - 1976 IS - 2 SP - p. 90-91 AB - Prototype chopper controlled car intended for use on Shinkansen line was tested for EMI. It was established that the harmonics in the line had no detrimental effect on the telecommunication circuits. KW - Choppers KW - Choppers (Electricity) KW - Electric multiple unit cars KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Electromagnetic interference KW - Shinkansen KW - Telecommunications UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79730 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182866 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Vershinskiy, S V AU - Usov, V E AU - Krasnobayev, A M AU - Berestova, V I AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - DYNAMIC TESTS OF A CAR OF THE RT200 TRAIN ON THE LENINGRAD-MOSCOW LINE T2 - DINAMICHESKIYE ISPYTANIYA VAGONA POYEZDA RT200 NA MAGISTRALI LENINGRAD-MOSKVA PY - 1976 SP - p. 4-25 AB - The paper presents the results of dynamic performance tests of a car of the RT200 "Russkaya troyka" train at speeds up to 210 km/hr on the Leningrad-Chudovo stretch of the Oktyabr' railroad. A theoretical analysis of some of the car's technical characteristics is given. Conclusions are drawn as to the car's operating potential and recommendations are made for upgrading its dynamic qualities. KW - Dynamic tests KW - High speed rail KW - Passenger cars KW - Ride quality KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79532 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182868 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Khokhlov, A A AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM PRINCIPLES FOR REGULATING LATERAL OSCILLATION OF CARS T2 - OPREDELENIYE OPTIMAL'NYKH ZAKONOV REGULIROVANIYA BOKOVYKH KOLEBANIY VAGONOV PY - 1976 SP - p. 41-50 AB - In the paper, a method is developed that permits a determination of the optimum principles that should be used to establish a regulating effect on a controlled object. In developing an algorithm for the formation of a suitable control signal, the dynamic characteristics of a car in motion on straight and curved sections of track are optimized with respect to the value of the horizontal transverse forces. Principles of regulation obtained may be used in designing a regulator to stabilize the rocking motion of two-axle car trucks on straight and curved stretches of track. KW - Curved track KW - Dynamics KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Lateral stability KW - Rocking KW - Rocking tests KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Truck dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Two axle cars KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79534 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182884 AU - Kokoshinskiy, L V AU - Klimenko, L V AU - Gorbatyuk, V A AU - Stetsenko, E G AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - REFERENCE MANUAL ON DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE REPAIR T2 - SPAVOCHNIK PO REMONTU TEPLOVOZOV PY - 1976 SP - 304 p. AB - The book supplies reference information on the organization and technology of diesel locomotive repair and testing upon return to service; also, the testing of individual parts and units. Basic information is supplied on parts and materials now being used in locomotives; also, information on repair costs. This second edition has been enlarged with materials on the TE10 and TEP60--Diesel locomotives. It is intended for the use of master workmen, brigade leaders and mechanics engaged in locomotive repair. In compiling this handbook, use was made of existing directives, instruments and rules for repair, as well as of various other documents dealing with the repair of locomotives such as having been devised and confirmed by the Ministry of Communications; also, of technological instructions developed by the Planning-and-Design Bureau of the Main Administration of the locomotive economy; also, of materials of the Red Banner of Labor Scientific--Research Institute of Rail Transport. This book is divided into four sections as follows: I. General Points of Repair of Diesel Locomotives; II. Repair of Diesel Engines; III. Repair of Diesel Electrical Equipment; and IV. Repair of Frames, Carbodies and Trucks of Diesel Locomotives. KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotives KW - Maintenance management KW - Maintenance practices KW - Manuals KW - Operating costs KW - Reliability KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76056 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182875 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Kotikov, V A AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - IMPACT FATIGUE TESTS OF THE CENTER SILL OF A FOUR-AXLE TANK CAR WITH WELDED AUTOMATIC COUPLER SUPPORTS T2 - USTALOSTNYE UDARNYE ISPYTANIYA KHEBTOVOY BALKI CHETYREKHOSNOY TSISTERNY SO SVARNYMI UZLAMI UPOROV AVTOSTSEPKI PY - 1976 SP - p. 129-137 AB - The paper presents the results of fatigue tests for impact endurance on the center sill of a four-axle tank car of 60 cu m capacity with welded automatic coupler supports and a criterion for estimating fatigue strength. The criterion is determined by using a hypothesis of simple linear summation of cumulative damage with a fatigue curve obtained during the testing of welded support-component samples (mockups) of center sills, together with the operational dynamic loading spectrum. The fatigue tests were performed on a special automatic gravity-yard testing unit, which permits the continuous application of longitudinal compression impacts analogous to those sustained by rolling stock in operation--in trains and during switching operations. KW - Automatic couplers KW - Center sills KW - Couplers KW - Dynamic loads KW - Fatigue strength KW - Fatigue tests KW - Four axle cars KW - Freight car component performance KW - Freight cars KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Tank cars KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79541 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182876 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Tkachenko, V F AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - FOREIGN RESEARCH ON THE DYNAMICS OF HIGH-SPEED ROLLING STOCK T2 - ZARUBEZHNYE ISSLEDOVANIYA DINAMIKI VYSOKOSKOROSTNOGO PODVIZHNOGO SOSTAVA PY - 1976 SP - p. 137-153 AB - The paper sets forth prospects for the development of studies in the field of wheel and rail dynamics, flange profiling, and improving the construction of wheel sets. There is a comprehensive review of studies carried out in Japan on the selection of the so-called worn flange profile, which reduces the amplitude of rocking. Equations for calculating the rock process of a wheel set are given. KW - Dynamics KW - Flanges KW - Force KW - High speed rail KW - Japan KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rocking KW - Rocking tests KW - Rolling contact KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheel flange KW - Wheel flange forces KW - Wheel profiles KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79542 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182872 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Cherkashin, Yu M AU - Godnev, V K AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - SYSTEM FOR FULLY AUTOMATING THE PROCESSING OF DATA FROM DYNAMIC TESTS OF ROLLING STOCK T2 - SISTEMA POLNOY AVTOMATIZATSII OBRABOTKI DANNYKH DINAMICHESKIKH ISPYTANIY PODVIZHNOGO SOSTAVA PY - 1976 SP - p. 87-93 AB - The paper examines the problems of developing a system for fully automating the processing of data from dynamic tests of rolling stock on the basis of the "Dispersiometr" computer, the procedure for recording information on magnetic tape, and the operation of the entire system as a whole. KW - Data collection KW - Information processing KW - Information systems KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79538 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182879 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Suzdal'tsvev, M Ya AU - Chernikov, V D AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - ON THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING THE DYNAMICS OF CAR GENERATOR DRIVE TAKING DAMPING FACTORS INTO ACCOUNT T2 - K VOPROSU ISSLEDOVANIYA DINAMIKI PRIVODA VAGONNOVO GENERATORA S UCHETOM DEMPFIRUYUSHCHIKH FAKTOROV PY - 1976 SP - p. 173-178 AB - The paper describes the results of a study of the dynamics of the drive mechanism of a car generator, taking into account the damping factors embodied in a new drive. Critical (resonant) operating modes are discussed. A positive contribution by the damping factors from elastic couplings, which limit the amplitudes of dynamic loads on the drive, is observed. KW - Car design KW - Car vibration KW - Damping (Physics) KW - Electric power supply KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Vehicle design KW - Vibration KW - Vibration control UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79545 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182865 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - THE DYNAMICS AND STRENGTH OF PROSPECTIVE CARS T2 - DINAMIKA I PROCHNOST' PERSPEKTIVNYKH VAGONOV PY - 1976 SP - 182 p. AB - This proceeding presents 14 technical papers: (1) Dynamic Tests of a Car of the RT200 Train on the Leningrad-Moscow Line; (2) Theoretical Investigations of the Dynamics of a Four-Axle Car with Asymmetric Loading of the Body Bolster; (3) Determination of Optimum Principles for Regulating Lateral Oscillation of Cars; (4) Algorithm for Segregation of Variables in the Process of Studying Lateral Oscillations of Cars; (5) Study of the Dynamic Qualities of Empty Freight Cars; (6) Criterion for Vehicle Resistance to Derailment; (7) System for Fully Automating the Processing of Data from Dynamic Tests of Rolling Stock; (8) Study of Dynamic Loading and Analysis of the Fatigue Resistance of the Supporting Components of Eight-Axle Gondola Cars; (9) Calculation of the Endurance Characteristics, Loading Parameters, and Reliability Indices of the Supporting Elements of the Design; (10) Impact Fatigue Tests of the Center Sill of a Four-Axle Tank Car with Welded Automatic Coupler Supports; (11) Foreign Research on the Dynamics of High-Speed Rolling Stock; (12) Analysis of Wear Resistance and the Development of Proposals for Increasing the Useful Life of Center Plate Components of Freight Cars; (13) Comparative Evaluation of the Properties of Oxygen Process and Open Health Steel Type 09G2D During Hardness Drop Tests on Full-Scale Samples at Low Temperatures; and (14) On the Problem of Studying the Dynamics of Car Generator Drive Taking Damping Factors into Account. KW - Automatic couplers KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Couplers KW - Derailments KW - Dynamic tests KW - Fatigue tests KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed rail KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Lateral stability KW - Passenger cars KW - Performance analysis KW - Prevention KW - Ride quality KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle components KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79531 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182867 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Usov, V E AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE DYNAMICS OF A FOUR-AXLE CAR WITH ASYMMETRIC LOADING OF THE BODY BOLSTER T2 - TEORETICHESKIYE ISSLEDOVANIYA DINAMIKI CHETYREKHOSNOGO VAGONA S NESIMMETRICHNOYE NAGRUZKOYE PYATNIKOV KUZOVA PY - 1976 SP - p. 25-40 AB - The paper sets forth the results of theoretical investigations using an analog computer. In contrast to other published works, this article reviews the problem of devising a method of compensating the asymmetric hang of the body of a car with a two-stage spring suspension. This is achieved by installing sets of springs with a different force for the second stage. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Four axle cars KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Simulation KW - Spring KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79533 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00182883 AU - Zhilin, G A AU - Malinov, M S AU - Rodov, A M AU - Sulimtsev AU - Shifrin, M G AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - THE TEP60 PASSENGER DIESEL LOCOMOTIVE T2 - PASSAZHIRSKIY TEPLOVOZ TEP60 PY - 1976 SP - 376 p. AB - This book deals with the design features of the 11D45 (11D45A) Diesel and its component units. The authors study the electrical machinery, describe the personnel functions, and supply information on the care of the Diesel. Also described are the care, operation and repair of the principal components, and the adjustment and regulation of the electrical equipment, and the care of the trucks. The chapters contained in this book are as follows: I. Make-up and basic parameters of the locomotive; II. Description and features of Diesel design; III. Basic units of the Diesel; IV. Servicing of the Diesel; V. Systems of the Diesel; VI. The cooling system; VII. Drives of the auxiliary systems; VIII. The electrical system; IX. Electrical machines; X. Electrical apparatus; XI. Tuning and rheostatic tests of electrical equipment; XII. Car bodies; XIII. Locomotive trucks; XIV. Brakes; and XV. Air-piping systems. KW - Brake systems KW - Brakes KW - Cabs (Vehicle compartments) KW - Car body KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Design KW - Diesel electric locomotives KW - Diesel engines KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Locomotive cab design KW - Locomotive design KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotive trucks KW - Locomotives KW - Motor vehicle bodies KW - Motors KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Traction KW - Traction drives KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/76055 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182869 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Khokhlov, A A AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - ALGORITHM FOR SEGREGATION OF VARIABLES IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING LATERAL OSCILLATIONS OF CARS T2 - ALGORITM RAZDELENIYA PEREMENNYKH PRI ISSLEDOVANII BOKOVYKH KOLEBANIY VAGONOV PY - 1976 SP - p. 50-58 AB - An algorithm is developed in the paper to permit the segregation of variables in the process of studying the lateral oscillations of cars. This will make it possible to simplify solution of the problem connected with finding optimum parameters for railroad vehicles in operation and for those being newly designed. KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Lateral stability KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79535 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182871 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Kondrashov, V M AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - CRITERION FOR VEHICLE RESISTANCE TO DERAILMENT T2 - KRITERIY USTOYCHIVOSTI EKIPAZHA PROTIV SKHODA S REL'SOV PY - 1976 SP - p. 75-86 AB - The paper presents an analysis of the equations proposed as a criterion for the resistance of a vehicle to derailment. The necessary and sufficient conditions for derailment are formulated. KW - Derailments KW - Prevention KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Safety KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79537 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182878 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Vershinskiy, S V AU - Danilov, V N AU - Boychevskiy, O G AU - Vinogradov, Yu G AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN PROCESS AND OPEN HEARTH STEEL TYPE 09G2D DURING HARDNESS DROP TESTS ON FULL-SIZE SAMPLES AT LOW TEMPERATURES T2 - SRAVNITEL'NAYA OTSENKA SVOYSTV KISLORODNO-KONVERTORNOY I MARTENOVSKOY STALI MARKI 09G2D PRI KOPRAVYKH ISPYTANIYAKH NATURNYKH OBRAZTSOV V USLOVIYAKH NIZKIKH TEMPERATUR PY - 1976 SP - p. 164-172 AB - The paper presents the results of impact tests of full-sized flat samples and beams with and without built-up faces from two melts of oxygen-process steel, sheet-rolled and Z-beam, and one melt of Z-beam-rolled open hearth steel. It is established that, according to the order of test indices, the service properties of oxygen-process steels somewhat exceed the properties of the open hearth steel while remaining within the limits of the requirements of GOST 5058-65. KW - Forging KW - Metallurgy KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Standards KW - Steel KW - Steel forgings KW - Steel metallurgy KW - Technology UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79544 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182870 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Vershinskiy, S V AU - Kondrashov, V M AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - STUDY OF THE DYNAMIC QUALITIES OF EMPTY FREIGHT CARS T2 - ISSLEDOVANIYE DINAMICHESKIKH KACHESTV POROZHNIKH GRUZOVYKH VAGONOV PY - 1976 SP - p. 58-74 AB - The paper presents the results of dynamic tests of empty freight cars and unloaded trains on main line sections and on sections of track with artificial irregularities at running speeds up to 130 km/hr. A conclusion is drawn as to the possibility of operating unloaded trains at speeds up to 100 km/hr. KW - Defects KW - Dynamic tests KW - Empty cars KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Technology KW - Track irregularities KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79536 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182877 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Survillo, A B AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - ANALYSIS OF WEAR RESISTANCE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROPOSALS FOR INCREASING THE USEFUL LIFE OF CENTER PLATE COMPONENTS OF FREIGHT CARS T2 - ANALIZ IZNOSOSTOYKOSTI I RAZRABOTKA PREDLOZHENIY PO POVYSHENIYU DOLGOVECHNOSTI PYATNIKOVYKH VZLOV GRUZOVYKH VAGONOV PY - 1976 SP - p. 153-163 AB - The paper presents the results of a study of the wear resistance of freight car body center plate and truck center plate components; factors involved in wear are reviewed. The effectiveness of various methods for increasing wear resistance is demonstrated. KW - Center plates KW - Durability tests KW - Freight cars KW - Performance analysis KW - Plates (Engineering) KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Service life KW - Technology KW - Vehicle components KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79543 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182873 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Survillo, A B AU - Plotkin, V S AU - Bronivitskiy, A B AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - STUDY OF DYNAMIC LOADING AND ANALYSIS OF THE FATIGUE RESISTANCE OF THE SUPPORTING COMPONENTS OF EIGHT-AXLE GONDOLA CARS T2 - ISSLEDOVANIYE DINAMICHESKOY NAGRUZHENNOSTI I OTSENKA USTALOSTNOY PROCHNOSTI NESUSHCHIKH UZLOV VOS'MIOSNYKH POLUVAGONOV PY - 1976 SP - p. 94-110 AB - Data obtained in the course of dynamic tests of gondola cars on various long main line sections are summarized. A spectral analysis of stresses is carried out on the structural elements studied. The potential resistance of the components subject to greatest loading are evaluated. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Axles KW - Dynamic tests KW - Eight axle cars KW - Freight car component performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Gondola cars KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Spectrum analysis KW - Technology KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79539 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00182874 JO - Trudy TsNII PB - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst AU - Prikhod'ko, A P AU - Shakhov, V I AU - Survillo, A B AU - Asaturov, A A AU - Kamaev, O B AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - CALCULATION OF THE ENDURANCE CHARACTERISTICS, LOADING PARAMETERS, AND RELIABILITY INDICES OF THE SUPPORTING ELEMENTS OF THE DESIGN T2 - RACHET KHARAKTERISTIK VYNOSLIVOSTI PARAMETROV NAGRUZHENNOSTI I POKAZATELEY NADEZHNOSTI NESUSHCHIKH ELEMENTOV KONSTRUTSIY PY - 1976 SP - p. 110-129 AB - The methods of evaluating the reliability of parts functioning under conditions of dynamic loading are examined. Using the side frame of a freight car as an example, the application of the methods is illustrated and the service life and indices of reliability are calculated. The results of the calculation are compared with statistical data on operational failures. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Dynamic loads KW - Freight car component performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Reliability KW - Russia (Federation) KW - Service life KW - Technology KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/79540 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00170450 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL SERVICE CONTINUATION ASSISTANCE PY - 1976 SP - 137 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Branch lines KW - Government funding KW - Regional rail reorganization act KW - State government KW - Subsidies UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/58312 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00130282 JO - Zheleznodorozhnyi Transport PB - USSR Ministry of Railways AU - Perminov, A S TI - DEVELOPMENT OF THROUGHPUT AND CAPACITY OF RAILROADS T2 - RAZVITIE PROPUSKNOI I PROVOZOCHNOI SPOSOBNOSTI ZHELEZNYKH DOROG PY - 1976 IS - 1 SP - p. 14-21 AB - In order to handle growing traffic, ensure stable and economical transportation, and improve the service to new industrial regions, during the last five-year plan there have been constructed over 36,000 km of new railroad lines, which is significantly higher than 1966-1970. Under the conditions of growing traffic volumes the role and significance of yards and junctions is continually growing. During the ninth five-year plan nine new classification yards and systems were constructed, the development of 1148 new stations and junctions was realized, including 27 sorting, 51 sectioning, and 1070 intermediate ones. Increase of the throughput and capacity of railroads in the ninth fifth-year plan is ensured as well because of the further electrification of lines, the broadening of the network range serviced by diesel traction, and the introduction of more powerful electric locomotives and diesels. The increase of power and maneuverability of the transport system, and increase of the throughput and capacity of railroads creates important prerequisites for raising the level of operations. Under these conditions railwaymen are invited to achieve increases in the effectiveness of utilization of technology and, on this basis, improve the transport service of the national economy. KW - Classification yards KW - Diesel locomotives KW - Line capacity KW - Railroad electrification KW - Railroad facility operations KW - Traffic density KW - Yard operations KW - Yard throughput UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/36715 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00130277 JO - Zheleznodorozhnyi Transport PB - USSR Ministry of Railways AU - Gundobin, N A TI - AN IMPORTANT STEP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RAIL TRANSPORT T2 - VAZHNYI ETAP RAZVITIIA ZHELEZNODOROZHNOGO TRANSPORTA PY - 1976 IS - 2 SP - p. 6-16 AB - Growth of freight traffic is foreseen to be about 22%, of the passenger traffic, 14-15%. With the aim of rationalization of transport, important work has been carried out on the development of optimal plans for standard freight flows. The realization of the worked out measures allowed a reduction in the volume of redundant transportation during the ninth five-year plan of approximately 125 billion km./tons; and a fall in the transport expenditures for branches of the national economy by approximately 500 million rubles. KW - Car utilization (Railroads) KW - Forecasting KW - Management information systems KW - Network analysis (Planning) KW - Operations KW - Operations planning KW - Planning KW - Productivity KW - Traffic density UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/36710 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144473 AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - PROPERTIES OF VOLUME HARDENED RAILS (WITH HARDNESS ON THE ORDER OF 331 TO 388 BRINNEL UNITS), USED ON USSR RAILROADS T2 - SVOISTVA OB'EMNO-ZAKALENNYKH REL'SAV (S TVERDOST'IU PORIADKA 331-388 EDINITS PO BRINELLIU), ISPOL'ZUEMYKH NA ZHELEZNYKH DOROGAKH SSSR PY - 1976 SP - 10 p. AB - Quench hardening of rails is the most important measure used in USSR for increasing the efficiency of railroad tracks. The creation of the optimum microstructure of the carrying part of the rail is the determining factor. Uniform hardness is the only durability parameter which can be determined under production conditions. Methods of testing mechanical properties under stretching of samples, resistance to wear, resistance to cleavage fracture, fatigue strength, and residual stresses are discussed. KW - Alloy steel KW - Fatigue strength KW - Heat treatment KW - Metal hardening KW - Metal heating KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail design KW - Rail hardening KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Specifications KW - Structural design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62778 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144457 AU - All-Union Labor Red Banner Railway Research Inst TI - A METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC LOADS T2 - METODIKA IZMERENIIA I ANALIZA DINAMICHESKIKH NAGRUZOK, DEISTVUIUSHCHIKH NA PUT' PY - 1976 SP - 8 p. AB - Experimental research on the dynamics of roadbeds and rolling stock serves to establish permissible speeds and loads for rolling stock. As a method for such experimental research SZD has adopted a complex analysis of both rolling stock and fixed plant. This paper describes the experimental track sections; the basic responses characterizing the action of rolling stock on rails, ties, ballast and subgrade; and the methods for measuring the responses of the track structure. Extensive use of strain gauges is necessary for the dynamic measurements. Other types of instrumentation for deflection and deformation are also described. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Dynamics KW - Force KW - Instrumentation KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Strain gages KW - Stresses KW - Test tracks KW - Testing KW - Track response investigations KW - Track stress KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62763 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144452 AU - USSR Ministry of Transport TI - POWER-DRIVEN RAIL-WELDING MACHINE PRSM-3. DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS T2 - PUTEVAIA REL'SOSVAROCHNAIA SMOKHODNAIA MASHINA PRSM-3. OPISANIE I TEKHNICHESKAIA KHARAKTERISTIKA PY - 1976 SP - 7 p. AB - The machine is intended for contact-welding rails of the R43, R50, R65 and R75 types, in a 1520 mm gauge railroad track. Continuous flash-welding with programmed control is used. The machine rests on two four-wheel trailer bogies. The drive consists of four electric traction motors. In the front of the machine are placed two gantry rockers with two jointed cantilever beams, from which electrically operated compound pulleys with welding heads are suspended. An electric 200-KW, 380-V, and 50-Hz A-C power station, located on the machine, feeds the D-C motors through a rectifier. The machine is equipped with automatic pneumatic brakes, and can be either self-driven or handled as a part of a train. KW - Equipment KW - Maintenance of way KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail welding KW - Track maintenance equipment KW - Welded rail KW - Welding KW - Welding equipment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62759 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00144449 AU - Transport Publishing House TI - THERMALLY HARDENED RAILS T2 - TERMICHESKI UPROCHNENNYE REL'SY PY - 1976 AB - The technology of thermally hardened rails is discussed in 10 chapters: Rail Work Conditions and Operational Requirements; Requirements of Thermally Hardened Rails: Design Rigidity of Rails; Increasing the Strength of Rails; The Metallurgy and Capacity of Rails; Selection of Optimal Chemical Composition of Rail Steel; Thermal Hardening of the Entire Lengths of Rails; Properties of Thermally Hardened Rails; Peculiarities of the Operation of Thermally Hardened Rails; Welding Thermally Hardened Rails; Prespectives on the Further Increase of Rail Rigidity. KW - Alloy steel KW - Defects KW - Fatigue strength KW - Heat treatment KW - Metal hardening KW - Metal heating KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail design KW - Rail hardening KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Rail stress KW - Rail welding KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Wear KW - Welding UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/65379 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145168 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - EQUIPMENT ENFORCEMENT MANUAL PY - 1976 SP - 155 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Freight cars KW - Government regulations KW - Inspection KW - Locomotives KW - Manuals KW - Passenger cars KW - Regulations KW - Safety UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62902 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00130301 JO - Zheleznye Dorogi Mira AU - Goroshkov, Iu I TI - THE USE OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS IN DEVICES OF THE CATENARY NETWORK T2 - PRIMENENIE POLIMERNYKH MATERIALOV V USTROISTVAKH KONTAKTNOI SETI PY - 1976 IS - 1 SP - p. 3-23 AB - The development of the chemical industry promoted the polymer material as the most promising substitute for traditional insulating and bearing materials of the catenary network of electrical railroads. Possessing specific electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties, polymer materials receive wide application where the utilization of other materials is generally impossible or ineffective. The application of polymer materials in many cases allows finding completely new simple ways for solving complex technical tasks connected with the increase of train traffic speeds and their introduction on railroads of electric current on single phase current of industrial frequency of 25 and 50 kV tension. The main application areas of polymer materials during the construction and operation of the catenary network are catenary suspensions, anchoring the catenary suspensions and leads, catenary suspensions in artificial constructions, sectional insulators, neutral inserts of the catenary suspensions, insulation of construction of anchored sections of catenary suspensions, cantilevered catenary suspensions and solitary leads, catches, flexible cross beams, catenary network dividers, catenary suspension simulators, etc. This report elaborates upon (1) general information on the application of polymer materials; (2) polymer insulators of insertion of devices; (3) constructional fulfillment of polymer rod insulators, devices and assemblies of the catenary network with elements from polymer material; (4) sectioning insulators with polymer insulator inserts. KW - Catenaries (Railroads) KW - Dead sections KW - Electric insulating materials KW - Electrical insulation KW - Insulating materials KW - Insulators KW - Polymers KW - Railroad electrification KW - Sectioning UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/36727 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00129258 AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Railroad Labor Organizations TI - A PROGRAM OF EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING CHANGES IN TERMINAL OPERATIONS - COMPLETION REPORT, HOSTLING WITHIN THE ST. LOUIS TERMINAL PY - 1975/12/05 SP - 16 p. AB - This experimental program is a labor, management and government undertaking directed by the Labor/Management Committee. The St. Louis Terminal of the Missouri Pacific Railroad was selected as a location for testing innovative experiments in terminal operations. Temporary experimental changes are considered in any operational or regulatory aspect of the terminal. This report presents the results and conclusions from an experiment involving the hostling of locomotives within the St. Louis Terminal. The movement of locomotives within the terminal was restricted by established seniority districts and by the lack of agreement to permit hostling across the Mississippi River between MoPac's east and west side yard facilities. An experiment waiving these restrictions for a six-month period was carried out, and the results indicate the hostling privileges were fully utilized producing improved locomotive utilization and reduced yard congestion. The experiment was well received by both terminal management and labor, and an agreement was reached making these changes permanent prior to the completion of the experiment. KW - Freight terminals KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Labor unions KW - Locomotive operations KW - Locomotive utilization KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Saint Louis (Missouri) KW - Work rules UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/31029 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136872 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0171 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group-7-D3O;2-D3I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1:Name-050104MOO001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050104TSM001* Track-Mod.Spd.Jtd.* Speed 15 to 45 to 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050104TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1.4In.Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-Reached only 77 mph use file 1 tape 0 1972 for this test* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44740 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137294 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0122 PY - 1975/12 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 6-D7I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050205TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None *NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44790 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137290 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0118 PY - 1975/12 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 2-D3I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050204TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 23 +0.3 v off 0 *NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44786 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137292 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0120 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 6-D7I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050205CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 6 -1.0v. off 0 ***FILE 2: Name-050205CNR001* Track-Curved* Speed-16 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050205CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44788 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136871 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0170 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O;2-D3I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditons-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050104CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2:Name-050104CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44739 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136873 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0172 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurement at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group-7D3O;2-D3I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050104TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Htd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050104TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch.10-0.5u off 0 on pass 2; ch. 27 was +1.0v off 0 on pass 2. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44741 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137291 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0119 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 2-D3I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050204CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050204CNR001* Track-Curved* Speed-16 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 47 +0.25 v off 0 ***FILE 3: Name-050204CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44787 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137293 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Office of Research and Development. TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0121 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 6-D7I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050205MOO001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050205TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050205TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44789 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136966 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0186 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-40 Ton 60 Ft Box* Truck-Borber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group-7-D7O; 7-D7I* Snubbing-8-B422; 8-B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearings forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050403CNE001* Track-curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 36 inop. ***FILE 2: Name-050403CNR001* Track-Curved* Speed-16 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050403CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44755 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137303 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0123 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 6-D7I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050103MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 10 +0.7; ch. 30 +0.4 v. off 0 ***FILE 2: Name-050103TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44791 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137289 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0117 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 2-D3I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050204MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 23 +0.3; ch 47 -0.3 volts off 0; ch. 14 and 40 interchanged ***FILE 2: Name-050204TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 14 and 40 interchanged ***FILE 3: Name-050204TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 14 and 40 interchanged; ch. 32 +0.5v. off 0. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44785 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137304 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0130 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O; 6-D7I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050103TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050103TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44792 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136874 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0173 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric description of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100Ton60FtBox* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46Ft.3In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O;7-D7I* Snubbing-8-B432;8B433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050403MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Neg.Noise on Ch. 42 and 45 ***FILE 2: Name-050403TSM001* Track-Mod.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44742 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136967 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0187 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100 Ton 60 ft. Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D3O; 3-D3I* Snubbing-8-B421; 8-B422* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Side Bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050404CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050404CNR001* Track-Curved* Speed-16 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050404CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 40 became Inop. during test. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44756 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136877 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0176 PY - 1975/12 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-100Ton60St Box* Truck-Barber S2C* Truck Center-46 Ft. 3 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D7O;7-D7I* Snubbing-813432;8+6433* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are leaste accurate. Side bearing forces are also questionable. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050403TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 47 and 48 were +0.8 v. off 0 at end of test***FILE 2: Name-050403TEA001* Track-Hi. Spd. CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch.11-0.35 v off 0. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44745 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00146512 AU - Gracallese, A AU - ALBIN, P A AU - DiLuzio, R G AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. TASK 1: MANAGEMENT SURVEY SUMMARY REPORT PY - 1975/12 SP - 155 p. AB - The summary report presents an overview of the organizational structure and construction management function of several, largely transportation oriented, construction projects. The nine organizations surveyed were: (1) Alyeska Pipeline Service Company, (2) Bay Area Rapid Transit District, (3) Chicago Transit Authority/Chicago Urban Transportation District, (4) Dallas-Fort Worth Regional Airport, (5) Federal Highway Administration/New York State Department of Transportation, (6) Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, (7) Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (8) Naval Facilities Engineering Command/Trident Project, and (9) Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. The data reported focuses on six major topics for each organization. They are: (1) project and organization background and overview, (2) funding and budgeting considerations, (3) project management and project monitoring, (4) construction project management, including cost and schedule controls, (5) management information systems, and (6) institutional considerations. KW - Budgeting KW - Construction KW - Construction projects KW - Cost accounting KW - Cost centers KW - Cost engineering KW - Finance KW - Financing KW - High speed rail KW - Industrial engineering KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management methods KW - Management planning KW - Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority KW - Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Organizations KW - Passenger transportation KW - Planning KW - Project management KW - Railroad transportation KW - Railroads KW - Rapid transit KW - San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District KW - Surveys KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63483 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00143962 AU - Aerospace Corporation AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR PASSENGER RAIL SYSTEM OPTIONS PY - 1975/12 SP - 40 p. AB - A high speed passenger rail service between Washington, D.C. and Boston was called for in the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973. Planning for the service has been conducted by the Office of Northeast Corridor Development in the Federal Railroad Administration. Engineering studies were undertaken to develop detailed plans and costs for the required facilities improvements. This report identifies rail system options in an unimproved NEC Arena, projects patronage of selected alternatives, studies model transportation in 12 NEC city-pairs as projected to 1982, considers fare and scheduling variations, utilizes newly-developed modal split computer program for selected city-pairs, estimates arena-wide patronage by means of developed expansion factors, and evaluates sensitivity to fare level and schedule patterns. KW - Fares KW - Forecasting KW - High speed rail KW - Intercity travel KW - Level of service KW - Mathematical models KW - Mode choice KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Projection KW - Railroads KW - Scheduling KW - Services KW - Transportation KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation models KW - Transportation operations KW - Travel demand UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/62473 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00153074 JO - Brown Boveri Review PB - Brown Boveri and Company Limited AU - Ruegg, R AU - Brown Boveri and Company Limited TI - THE REGENERATIVE BRAKES OF THE THYRISTOR LOCOMOTIVE EE 3/3 II OF THE SWISS FEDERAL RAILWAYS PY - 1975/12 SP - p. 554-557 AB - In 1972 the dual-frequency shunting locomotive Ee 3/3 II, No. 16502 of the Swiss Federal Railways was equipped with a new static convertor-type regenerative brake developed by Brown Boveri. The special feature of this brake is the use of the traction motor with combined differential excitation and a de-exciter. Neither a high-speed d.c. circuit-breaker nor a limiting resistor in the traction motor circuit are required to protect the static converter and traction motor in the case of inverter commutation failure. This article describes the steady and transient behavior of the main circuit during braking. KW - Brakes KW - Braking systems KW - Converters KW - Converters (Electricity) KW - Electric brakes KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Propulsion systems KW - Regenerative braking KW - Solid state KW - Solid state devices UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/52278 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00153077 JO - Elektrische Bahnen PB - Verlag R Oldenbourg AU - SCHAEFER, H AU - Verlag R Oldenbourg TI - LINE POWER FACTOR OF THE ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF SPEED CONTROL PY - 1975/12 SP - p. 299-303 AB - The author reports on results of the field evaluation of various control schemes available. The average power factor was determined by recording the watts and the VAR's during actual train operation. He concludes that the four-quadrant unity power factor control is the best. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Electric power supply KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/52281 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00151155 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - CARLOAD WAYBILL STATISTICS BASED ON A SAMPLE OF WAYBILLS FOR TERMINATIONS IN THE YEAR 1974. TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION TRAFFIC AND REVENUE BY COMMODITY CLASSES PY - 1975/12 SP - 234 p. AB - The statistics for this report have been compiled from a sample of audited revenue waybills submitted to the FRA by 77 railroads. The data regarding territorial distribution of railroad carload terminations have been compiled since 1972 utilizing a computer based Waybill Information Processing System (WIPS) developed under the direction of the Federal Railroad Administration. The statistics tabulated for 1974 were derived from a total of 150,692 waybills, 39,768 EM-5 documents and 1,248 multiple car statement documents resulting in 212,919 carloads. The waybill sample includes import, export, transit, rebilled, and piggyback (TOFC-trailer-on-flat-car) traffic. Excluded are shipments weighing less than 10,000 pounds and moving on less than carload rate or any quantity rates, and traffic originating in Mexico and Canada. KW - Cargo transportation KW - Carloadings KW - Classification KW - Coding KW - Coding systems KW - Commodities KW - Commodity statistics KW - Computer programming KW - Data collection KW - Distance KW - Distributions (Statistics) KW - Economic conditions KW - Economic surveys KW - Exports KW - Freight transportation KW - Imports KW - Information systems KW - Limits KW - Origin and destination KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Railroad transportation KW - Rates KW - Rates costs KW - Regions KW - Statistics KW - Ultimate load design KW - United States KW - Waybill samples UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47653 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00146511 AU - Dynatrend, Incorporated AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM PY - 1975/12 SP - 492 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Management KW - Management information systems KW - Management methods KW - Northeast Corridor KW - Northeastern United States UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63482 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00147579 AU - Fraize, W E AU - Mitre Corporation TI - THE IMPACT OF THE U.S. ENERGY SITUATION ON HIGH SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION PY - 1975/12 SP - 41 p. AB - U.S. energy supply issues for the next few decades are summarized with a view toward their impact on high speed ground transportation (HSGT) modes. As background, the energy characteristics of intercity passenger modes, including 300 mph tracked levitated vehicle (TLV) systems, are presented and discussed. In the short and mid terms (through 1985 or 1990), energy shortages are seen to impact HSGT modes mainly through increased operating (fuel) costs; and the need for greater capacity flexibility. In the long term, HSGT modes may have to adapt to non-fossil fuels. Research topics for addressing energy impacts on HSGT are suggested. KW - Advanced systems KW - Energy consumption KW - Energy crisis KW - Energy requirements KW - Energy resources KW - Forecasting KW - High speed ground transportation KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Magnetic levitation KW - Magnetic levitation vehicles KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63789 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145556 AU - Perlman, A B AU - DIMASI, F P AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREQUENCY DOMAIN COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS OF RAIL VEHICLE DYNAMICS. VOLUME I. TECHNICAL REPORT PY - 1975/12 SP - 116 p. AB - Frequency domain computer programs developed or acquired by TSC for the analysis of rail vehicle dynamics are described in two volumes. Volume I defines the general analytical capabilities required for computer programs applicable to single rail vehicles and presents a detailed description of frequency domain programs developed at TSC in terms of analytical capabilities, model description, equations of motion, solution procedure, input/output parameters, and program control logic. Descriptions of programs FULL, FLEX, LATERAL, and HALF are presented. TSC programs for assessing lateral dynamic stability of single rail vehicles are also described. KW - Computer programming KW - Computer programs KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Lateral pressure KW - Needs assessment KW - Power spectra KW - Power spectral density KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Train track dynamics KW - User needs KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63163 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145557 AU - Perlman, A B AU - DIMASI, F P AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREQUENCY DOMAIN COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS OF RAIL VEHICLE DYNAMICS. VOLUME II. APPENDIXES PY - 1975/12 SP - 102 p. AB - Frequency domain computer programs developed or acquired by TSC for the analysis of rail vehicle dynamics are described in two volumes. Volume 2 contains program listings including subroutines for the four TSC frequency domain programs described in Volume I. KW - Computer programs KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Lateral pressure KW - Needs assessment KW - Power spectra KW - Power spectral density KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad cars KW - Railroad tracks KW - Ride quality KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Train track dynamics KW - User needs KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63164 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00145555 AU - Transportation Systems Center AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - FREQUENCY DOMAIN COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS OF RAIL VEHICLE DYNAMICS PY - 1975/12 SP - 218 p. AB - No Abstract. KW - Computer programs KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Power spectra KW - Power spectral density KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Ride quality KW - Stability (Mechanics) KW - Train track dynamics KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/63162 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00131042 AU - Holmstrom, F Ross AU - Lowell Technological Institute Research Foundation TI - LIGHTNING AND ITS EFFECTS ON RAILROAD SIGNAL CIRCUITS PY - 1975/12 SP - 106 p. AB - This study discusses the occurrence of lightning, its effects on railroad signal equipment, and protection of such equipment from lightning damage, with special attention to known protective techniques which are employed in a variety of situations in the power, communications, and railroad industries. A brief review is offered of the causes of lightning and other surges, followed by an extensive treatment of the means by which lightning and power-line transients induce surges and over-voltages in signalling circuits. Specific topics include the effects of the direct stroke current, the collapsing electric field when the stroke occurs, inductive coupling, and the effects of ground currents in the earth. A survey of protective devices and techniques currently in use for specific types of equipment is presented, including categorization of arrestors by type and application. Preferred lightning protection practices in railroad signalling are examined and related to practices in other fields. The problem of lightning protection is addressed from an overall systems viewpoint, encompassing development and testing of protective systems and design of systems, so that they can more easily be protected. Recommendations for future research are made. KW - Ground currents KW - Interference KW - Lightning arrestors KW - Reliability KW - Signal devices KW - Signal systems KW - Track circuits KW - Traffic signal control systems UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/32660 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00131325 AU - Cetinich, J N AU - Emerson Consultants, Incorporated TI - FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION PY - 1975/12 SP - 92 p. AB - Railroad diesel fuel conservation is becoming increasingly cost-effective. The price of diesel fuel has increased almost two and one-half times since the October 1973 Embargo. The estimated value of diesel fuel, if in short supply, is over 1 dollar a gallon. A comparison of the fuel performance of 10 selected railroads, before and after the Embargo, showed improvement in net-ton-miles hauled per gallon of diesel fuel. However, some roads used fuel less efficiently from an operating standpoint, as measured in gross-ton-miles per gallon. The most promising immediate avenue for conserving diesel fuel is designing train operating policies specifically to conserve fuel while continuing to provide desired schedule performance. Reducing horsepower-per-ton assignment to trains is a preferable strategy to that of reducing maximum allowable train operating speeds. The key to successful implementation is the appropriate short term regulation of the locomotive fleet. The basic diesel locomotive now used was designed during an era of plentiful fuel supply at a relatively low price. Many features can be improved to provide greater fuel efficiency. Corporate strategies need re-examination in the light of the high cost and uncertain supply of diesel fuel. The control of fuel must be improved and continencies for a fuel shortage should be planned. KW - Costs KW - Diesel fuel costs KW - Diesel fuels KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Energy conservation KW - Freight transportation KW - Fuel consumption KW - Fuel shortage KW - Fuels KW - Locomotive utilization KW - Operating strategies KW - Supply UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/32936 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00129198 AU - Southern Pacific Transportation Company TI - FREIGHT CAR TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION. SURVEY AND APPRAISAL OF TYPE II TRUCKS PY - 1975/12 SP - 133 p. AB - This report serves as an introduction to the family of truck designs known as Type II that will be studied in connection with the Federal Railroad Administration's Truck Design Optimization Project. An investigation was made of existing trucks and truck designs qualifying as Type II trucks and this investigation considers features which would be of interest in selecting candidates for testing and evaluation of such trucks under Phase II of the Truck Design Optimization Project. Type II special service designs embody new concepts that utilize current wheel set and journal bearing assemblies and braking arrangements compatible with current air brake systems. Car coupler height is maintained but car body support other than center plates can be employed. Ride quality and minimum maintenance cost are of major importance to Type II designs. KW - Advanced designs KW - Brakes KW - Braking systems KW - Center plates KW - Development KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Maintenance costs KW - Maintenance management KW - Plates (Engineering) KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Research projects KW - Ride quality KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30976 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136876 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0175 PY - 1975/11 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test condtions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O;6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel Moly* FILE 1: Name-050101TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch.26 questionable. *NOTE: Vertical adapter forces questionable. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44744 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136879 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0178 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050101MOO002* Track-Shimmed* Speed-20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch.23 polarity reversed. ***FILE 2: Name-050101TSM003* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44747 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136962 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0182 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-1 in 40* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050102CNE001* Track-curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050102CNO001* Track-curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 34 has neg. spikes. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44751 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137287 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0100 PY - 1975/11 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric description of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group-7-DO;-DI* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050203TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd. CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-use only between MP 45.25 and MP 46 on pass 2 for 50 mph* Errors noted-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44783 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136963 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0183 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-1 in 40* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050201MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 5 inoperative first two passes ***FILE 2: Name-050201TSM001* Track-Med. Spd. Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 36 pos. spikes ***FILE 3: Name-050201TWA001* Track-Hi. Spd. Jtd.* Speed-30 to 77 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44752 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136965 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0185 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-1 in 40* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050201CNO001* Track-curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 36 pos. noise ***FILE 2: Name-050201CNR001* Track-curved* Speed-16 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-none* Errors noted-ch. 36 pos. noise ***FILE 3: Name-050201CNE001* Track-curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44754 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136875 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0174 PY - 1975/11 AB - The data file, on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group-7-D5O;6D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel Moly* FILE 1: Name-050101TEA002* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 IN.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 36 questionable; ch.23-0.2voff0. *NOTE:Vertical adapter forces questionable. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44743 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136880 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0179 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric description of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-1 in 40* Spring Group-7-D5O;6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE-Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050102MOO001* Track-Shimmed* Speed 20 to 28 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050102TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch.6-0.3v off 0 ***FILE 3: Name-050102TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44748 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136882 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0181 PY - 1975/11 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel profile-1 in 40* Spring Group-7-D5O;6-D5I* Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1:Name-050102TSM002* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearing-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch 26 inoperative at start of run; Ch. 34 neg. noise NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44750 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137286 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0099 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050203MOD001* Track-Shimmed* Speed-12 to 20 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050203TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050203TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44782 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00137288 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0101 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050203CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-050203CNR001* Track-Curved* Speed-16 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-050203CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 34 has neg. noise. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44784 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136964 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0184 PY - 1975/11 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for the tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-1 in 40* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* FILE 1: Name-050201TEA001* Track-Hi. Spd. CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None* Note Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44753 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136881 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0180 PY - 1975/11 AB - The data file on this magnetic tape includes acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. The file includes detailed alphanumeric description of test conditions. The following are for the test on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-1 in 40* Spring Group 7-D5O;6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel Moly* FILE 1: Name050102TEA001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch.2 has neg. spikes; Ch.30-0.3v.off 0; NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are questionable. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44749 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136878 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 5, TAPE TDOP 0177 PY - 1975/11 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70TonMReefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45Ft.9In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-Cylindrical* Spring Group 7-D5O;6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE-Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-050101CNE001* Track-Curved*Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch.30-0.3; ch.41 and 0.4;ch.44-0.4 volts off 0 ***FILE 2: Name-050101CNO001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In.Clear.* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 30-0.3 v. off 0. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44746 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00153071 JO - Railway Gazette International PB - DVV Media Group AU - IPC Transport Press, Limited TI - TURN-OFF CIRCUIT IMPROVES POWER FACTOR OF THYRISTOR CONTROL PY - 1975/11 SP - p. 428 AB - Experiments carried out in cooperation with the German Federal Railway have demonstrated the feasibility of a new form of thyristor control devised by AEG-Telefunken. The effect is to improve the power factor for a thyristor-controlled locomotive, normally between 0.75 and 0.8, to between 0.9 and 0.95. Reactive power is thus reduced by about 50 percent. By addition of a quenching or turn-off circuit similar to those used in chopper control schemes for d.c. traction, the conduction period during which the thyristor is turned on can be arranged to lie centrally within the voltage half-wave, so that current and voltage are more nearly in phase. It is even possible to obtain a leading power factor if this is considered desirable. KW - Economic efficiency KW - Efficiency KW - Electric locomotives KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) KW - Railroad electrification KW - Thyristors UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/52275 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00142595 JO - DIE BUNDESBAHN AU - WOLTERS, H AU - Hestra Verlag TI - THREE PHASE TECHNOLOGY--NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR THE ELECTRIC TRACTION RAILWAY PY - 1975/11 SP - p. 687-692 AB - Lists advantages of the asychronous motor drives in terms of higher tractive effort, better adhesion, lower maintenance and improvement of the load p.f. Concludes by reporting R&D progress achieved and reviewing the anticipated future advantages. KW - Adhesion KW - Asynchronous motors KW - Electric locomotives KW - Electric power conditioning KW - Locomotive maintenance KW - Locomotives KW - Motors KW - Power factor KW - Power factor (Electricity) KW - Traction KW - Traction drives KW - Vehicle maintenance UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/65789 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00132205 AU - Townsend, W AU - Markland, R AU - Ballistic Research Laboratory TI - PREPARATION OF THE BRL TANK CAR TORCH FACILITY AT THE DOT, TRANSPORTATION TEST CENTER, PUEBLO, COLORADO PY - 1975/11 SP - 24 p. AB - The Tank Car Torching Facility was designed and fabricated on a site located at the Transportation Test Center, Pueblo, Colorada. The torch configuration was calibrated and the operational procedures and requirements determined. A series of thirteen (13) tests were run on specimen tank car plates, both bare and thermally insulated with the two different coatings. This report concerns itself with the instrumentation and procedural requirements; however, none of the data from these tests are reported at this time. The next phase of the program is briefly discussed. KW - Fire resistant coatings KW - Fire retardant coatings KW - Fire retardants KW - Fires KW - Heat insulating materials KW - Measuring instruments KW - Protective coatings KW - Railroad materials KW - Steel KW - Tank car construction materials KW - Tank cars KW - Temperature measurement KW - Test facilities UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/41125 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00094019 AU - Wisconsin Department of Transportation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - WISCONSIN STATE RAIL PLAN: THE FUTURE OF WISCONSIN RAIL PASSENGER SERVICE PY - 1975/11 SP - 251 p. AB - The report describes rail service in Wisconsin, presents the attitudes of Wisconsin residents and travelers towards rail transport, and analyzes a number of potential extensions of passenger services. KW - Attitudes KW - Coordination KW - Environmental impacts KW - Fuel consumption KW - Level of service KW - Networks KW - Passenger service KW - Passenger transportation KW - Passengers KW - Planning KW - Public opinion KW - Railroad transportation KW - Regional planning KW - Services KW - Transportation management KW - Transportation operations KW - Travel demand KW - Wisconsin UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30588 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00129152 AU - Southern Pacific Transportation Company TI - FREIGHT CAR TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION. DETAILED TEST PLANS FOR SERIES 5 TESTS - PHASE 1 PY - 1975/11 SP - 32 p. AB - This document presents the detailed test plans for Series 5 Tests of Phase I of the Truck Design Optimization Project. It is a continuation of previous reports for the same project presenting the introduction and detailed test plans for Series 1, 2, and 3 Tests in the first volume and the detailed test plans for Series 4 Tests in the second volume. It includes a description of the trucks and cars to be used in the testing, the basis for selecting them, and a description of the tests themseleves. It lists the instrumentation to be used and the sequence of testing. The reader is referred to the previous documents for details of the instrumentation and data analysis. KW - Data collection KW - Defects KW - Development KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Rail joints KW - Railroad tracks KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Research projects KW - Rock and roll KW - Rocking KW - Rolling KW - Snubbers KW - Suspension systems KW - Track irregularities KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Wheel tread design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30922 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00150468 AU - MUHLENBERG, J D AU - Mitre Corporation AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - A COMPARISON OF LIMRV LIM GUIDANCE SYSTEM EXPERIMENTAL DATA WITH MATHEMATICALLY PREDICTED VALUES USING REACTION RAIL SURVEY DATA PY - 1975/10 SP - 52 p. AB - This document discusses the survey of 1,000 feet of Linear Induction Motor Research Vehicle (LIMRV) reaction rail at the Department of Transportation Test Center in Pueblo, Colo., and a comparison of experimental data from test runs of the LIMRV LIM guidance system with theoretical predictions using the survey data as an input to a mathematical model. While some deviations from predicted values were observed, in general the correspondence between experimental data and predictions was excellent. KW - Advanced systems KW - Air gaps KW - Alignment KW - Aluminum alloys KW - Computer programs KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Joints (Engineering) KW - Linear induction motors KW - Mathematical models KW - Power spectra KW - Railroad tracks KW - Rapid transit KW - Rapid transit railways KW - Reaction rails KW - Test vehicles KW - Welded joints KW - Welds UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/47512 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 00153079 JO - International Railway Journal PB - Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation AU - Boissonade, P AU - Dupont, R AU - Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation TI - SNCF TEST COLLECTION SYSTEMS FOR HIGH SPEED PY - 1975/10 SP - 5 p. AB - The Faiveley two-stage pantograph has been thoroughly evaluated by SNCF. It is scheduled to be used on all future high speed M.U. trainsets between Paris and Lyon. KW - Electric power collection KW - Electric power generation and transmission KW - High speed rail KW - Multiple unit trains KW - Pantographs KW - Societe nationale des chemins de fer francais KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/52283 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00136904 AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Office of Research and Development. TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL RAILROAD ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (12TH), HELD AT PUEBLO, COLORADO ON OCTOBER 23-24, 1975. EFFECT OF HEAVY AXLE LOADS ON TRACK PY - 1975/10 SP - 175 p. AB - The report presents proceedings of the 1975 Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23 and 24, 1975. Sessions included track developments, suspension developments and track/train interaction. Eighteen papers were presented by authors from the United States, Canada, Mexico and Europe. KW - Axles KW - Loads KW - Meetings KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Railroad transportation KW - Suspension systems KW - Undercarriages KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/42599 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132960 AU - REINER, I A AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TESTING CONCRETE TIES PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 17-26 AB - After commenting on the resons for increased interest in concrete ties in the U.S., the author describes the feasibility study undertaken by Chessie System to investigate the technical and economic aspects of such substitution. Experience elsewhere and the economics of such substitution were first examined. Laboratory tests were then made of selected ties. Finally three field tests were made. There was evidence of higher lateral resistance for the concrete-tie track. The reduced resistance to buckling after tamping is discussed, and the advantage of ballast compactors must be studied. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Compaction KW - Concrete KW - Concrete ties KW - Cross tie spacing KW - Economic analysis KW - Loads KW - Rail fasteners KW - Railroad ties KW - Railroad tracks KW - Soil compaction KW - Spacing KW - Structural design KW - Test tracks KW - Track design KW - Track loading KW - Track structures UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45154 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132959 AU - MEACHAM, H C AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DETERMINATION OF LOADS ON TRACK PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 8-16 AB - In the past decade, advances in the technology of instrumentation and of computers have made possible the determination of wheel/rail loads so that proper design and maintenance procedures may be developed for vehicles and track so that the industry can live with today's axle loadings. Methods of determining such loads by measurements on the vehicle and the track are discussed. Mathematical modeling procedures may also be utilized to calculate such loads. Computer simulation which includes both vehicle and track in a dynamic interacting system permits specification of outputs in the form of vertical and lateral forces between wheel and rail. Some of the research programs in load determination are then described. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Dynamics KW - Force KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Mathematical models KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Simulation KW - Track loading KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45153 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00132958 AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - 12TH ANNUAL RAILROAD CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, "EFFECT OF HEAVY LOADS ON TRACK" PY - 1975/10 SP - 174 p. AB - Sessions included track developments, suspension developments and track/train interaction. Eighteen papers were presented by authors from the United States, Canada, Mexico and Europe. KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Freight car design KW - Freight cars KW - High capacity cars KW - Maintenance of way KW - Mathematical models KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Railroad tracks KW - Structural design KW - Track design KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Unit trains KW - Vehicle design KW - Wear KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/41294 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132961 AU - Hay, W W AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRACK STRUCTURES FOR HEAVY WHEEL LOADS PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 27-36 AB - The load bearing capability of track depends on the combined characteristics of foundation, superstructure and loads to be carried. Evidence is that loads imposed by 100-ton cars exceed the load-bearing capacity of much of the track over which they operate. Track deterioration under heavy loads appears in the form of loss of surface and line; in conversion of subgrade and ballast sections into plastic masses that pump mud and water, in wide gauge, plate cutting, tie splitting and spike-killed ties; in rapid wear, battered rail ends and in formation of corrugated and shelly rail. After discussing facets of track design and track deflection, the problems of ballast and subgrade are examined and the effects of wheel loads are detailed. Ten recommendations for combatting effects of high wheel loads and two other lines of action for limiting or accounting in advance for track deterioration are suggested. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Ballast KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Corrugated rail KW - Defects KW - Deterioration KW - Dynamics KW - Maintenance of way KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail flaw propagation KW - Rail steel KW - Rail steel metallurgy KW - Rail stress KW - Railroad tracks KW - Soil stabilization KW - Stresses KW - Structural design KW - Subgrade (Pavements) KW - Track design KW - Track deterioration KW - Track stress KW - Track structures KW - Train track dynamics KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45155 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132963 AU - Monaghan, B M AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - EFFECT OF HEAVY AXLE LOADS ON RAIL AND TIES PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 45-48 AB - The Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway was built in 1953 to handle iron ore from mines 350 miles north of the St. Lawrence River. Trains of up to 280 cars with five locomotive units are operated. This presentation reports the maintenance experience on track which carries up to 50 million net tons annually, and has handled almost 700 million gross tons since opening. Among the findings: line, surface and gauge must be maintained even on tangent track; corrugated rail develops quickly on grades and curves and must be countered promptly; joint bars must be kept tight and rail ends restored; oilers are all-important on curves. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Alignment KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Corrugated rail KW - Curved track KW - Freight traffic KW - High capacity cars KW - Inspection cars KW - Iron ores KW - Maintenance of way KW - Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway KW - Rail joints KW - Railroad tracks KW - Tie bars KW - Track alignment KW - Unit trains KW - Welded rail UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45157 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132976 AU - Diaz, G R AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - HEAVY AXLE LOADS IN NATIONAL RAILWAYS OF MEXICO AND NEED FOR STRENGTHENING OF BRIDGES PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 148-154 AB - National Railways of Mexico has been confronted with many low-capacity bridges on lines where heavy cars are being, or will be handled. While the new bridge standard is Cooper E72 rating, those built prior to 1970 range downward from E60 to E35 on some former narrow-gauge routes. NdeM has raised the ratings on some bridges since diesel locomotives have replaced steam with resultant reduced impact loadings. Slow orders are imposed on certain structures to handle concentrated program of strengthening bridges where it is reduce impact on bridges and use of neoprene pads under the rail base for the same reason have been widely applied. A concentrated program of strengthening bridges where it is economical has been undertaken. Bridges of low capacity or in bad condition are replaced. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Bridge construction KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Construction KW - Construction projects KW - Elastomers KW - Ferrocarriles Nacionales de Mexico KW - Impact loading KW - Impact loads KW - Reconstruction KW - Structural design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45170 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132965 AU - Byrne, R AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - PROGRESS REPORT ON THE TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 59-64 AB - The Federally funded Truck Design Optimization Project (TDOP) is being conducted by Southern Pacific Transportation Company to furnish new technical and economic insights into the procurement and use of freight car trucks. A variety of outputs are emerging, including digital data tapes that may prove useful to future investigators of freight car truck dynamics. TDOP will furnish railroads with technical and economic information on freight car truck performance. Performance data is required to correct existing problems and establish future truck system needs. Phase I effort is anticipated to include technical performance specifications and an economic methodology for use in evaluating trucks. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Bolsters KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamics KW - Economic analysis KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Life cycle costing KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Research projects KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Truck and bolster systems KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45159 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132967 AU - Hawthorne, V T AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN - A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO SOLVING PROBLEMS PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 74-78 AB - The responsibility for freight-car truck design is difficult to fix. After examining the functions of various agencies involved in design, truck problems are examined. Two areas for improved truck performance are modification of existing trucks to improve reliability and complete redesign to improve performance. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Bolsters KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Design KW - Design criteria KW - Development KW - Motor vehicle dynamics KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Suspension systems KW - Truck and bolster systems KW - Truck behavior KW - Trucks UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45161 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132972 AU - Garg, V K AU - Mels, K D AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LOCOMOTIVE LATERAL STABILITY MODELS PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 123-129 AB - In this paper a comparative study is made between present investigation of the 39 degree-of-freedom mathematical model and other simplified models. The results of the study of a typical six-axle locomotive obtained from the 39 DOF model are presented. The lateral stability is appraised, and the model includes the coupling between vertical and lateral motions. The merits and demerits of various models are discussed. A bibliography is included. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Locomotives KW - Mathematical models KW - Simulation KW - Six axle locomotives KW - Train track dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45166 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132974 AU - Noyszewski, M AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - EFFECT OF HEAVY AXLE LOADS ON BRIDGES PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 133-138 AB - It is estimated there are 3500 miles of bridges on American railroads; replacement cost is estimated at $10 billion. The problem is not the spectacular, long-span steel bridges, but the many structures built many years ago for much lighter loading. As reconstruction is deferred, more speed and weight restrictions will have to be imposed; modern equipment may have to be prohibited from many lines. With scarce capital it will be many years before the frail steel spans of 1880-1900 are replaced. The Cooper E-60 rating permitted by the AAR Mechanical Division does not produce cars capable of unrestricted operation over the rail network. Timber trestles are particularly vulnerable to closely spaced axles. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Cooper ratings KW - Decision making KW - Freight car design KW - Freight cars KW - Reconstruction KW - Speed limits KW - Structural design KW - Vehicle design KW - Wooden bridges UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45168 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132969 AU - Bullock, R L AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - MODIFIED THREE-PIECE TRUCK REDUCES HUNTING AND IMPROVES CURVING - STATUS REPORT PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 85-92 AB - The often-condemned three-piece cast steel freight truck has two advantages: It is inexpensive to manufacture and it has excellent load equalization that allows it to negotiate large changes in crosselevation. This paper describes Standard Car Truck's work with the Anchor Truck design of the South African Railways which improves the basic three-piece truck's curving ability and yet gives it high-speed stability. Utilizing the creep theory in which a wheel is displaced from its position of pure rolling, various conclusions are drawn about wheelset and truck stability. The role of the SAR-developed diagonal anchors and the service experience on SAR's ore car and with a US installation on a 100-ton hopper are described. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Railroad cars KW - Ride quality KW - Steering KW - Suspension systems KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Wear KW - Wheels KW - Wheelsets (Railroads) UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45163 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132970 AU - Schrotberger, K AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ORE ORGANIZATION AND ITS STUDIES IN TRACK, SUSPENSION AND TRACK/TRAIN INTERFACE PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 93-102 AB - The procedures and facilities utilized by the office for Research and Experiments of the International Union of Railways are described. The studies on conventional and on concrete slab track are described. The investigations of train/track interraction and of derailments are then discussed, as well as axle loading as a function of speed and wheel diameter. It is concluded that in Europe the ballasted conventional track is nearly optimized and much study is being made of concrete slab track. Studies of car suspension systems have only involved two-axle cars. Recommendations on improving the riding stability and quidance of locomotives have been formulated and of maximum loadings for axles and bridges are being progressed. U1 - Proceedings of the 12 th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958. Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Ballast KW - Ballast (Railroads) KW - Bridge design KW - Bridges KW - Concrete slab track KW - Development KW - International Union of Railways KW - Mathematical models KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Ride quality KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45164 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132966 AU - Love, R B AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - IMPROVED SUSPENSION FOR 100-TON CARS ON ROUGH TRACK PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 65-73 AB - American Steel Foundries set out to develop a freight car suspension defined as a highly refined, state-of-the-art, three-piece truck designed as a system rather than a collection of components. This article discusses suspension reserve work capacity, optimum damping, design process, ride quality findings in the vertical, lateral and rocking modes, and the determination of the wheel-rail forces as evidenced by factors such as flange wear and truck component wear. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Bolsters KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Flanges KW - Force KW - High capacity cars KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Ride quality KW - Rock and roll KW - Rocking KW - Rolling KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Truck and bolster systems KW - Wear KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45160 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132973 AU - Selzer, L J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DECISION TO USE JUMBO RAIL CARS PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 130-132 AB - For over 40 years engineers have concluded that very heavy axle loading lends to a disportionate degree of track wear. Economists see the important question being why management continues to purchase and use jumbo cars in the face of very pervasive evidence provided by engineers. Management lives in a world of demand functions, cost functions, accounting principles and regulation. Decision making in this maze of variables, constraints and uncertainties must be made on the basis of the best information at its disposal and given the nature of railroading. ICC costing and regulatory restraints have encouraged large cars. Economics of scale seem to justify large cars. Long term economic costs, including those associated with track deterioration, may paradoxically be the wrong basis for rate making. Inability to compete in the short run may make the long run irrelevant. Short run profit maximization may be maximum use of assets. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Cost accounting KW - Decision making KW - Economic analysis KW - Freight traffic KW - Government regulations KW - High capacity cars KW - Management KW - Management planning KW - Planning KW - Profitability KW - Rate making KW - Regulations KW - Return on investment KW - U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45167 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132962 AU - Rougas, M AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECT OF HEAVY WHEEL LOADS ON RAIL LIFE PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 41-44 AB - The Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad has operated 90-ton open-top cars since 1931 and has some statistics on rail wear and rail life under the stresses imposed by such equipment. Rail life on tangent track has been around 440 million gross tons for jointed rail and beyond 650 million gross tons for continuous welded rail. Statistics are also available for Curvemaster and controlled cooled rail on curves. On newer ore carrying railways, rail life appears to be appreciably shorter. Among possible reasons are the bidirectional operation of loaded trains on B&LE, the mixing of various capacities of cars, and the predominance of traffic on solid, rather than roller-type, journal bearings. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Axle loadings KW - Axle loads KW - Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad KW - Curved rail KW - High capacity cars KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail life KW - Roller bearings KW - Service life KW - Train track dynamics KW - Unit trains KW - Welded rail UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45156 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132964 AU - Hunziker, R A AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - WELDING CONTINUOUS RAIL IN-TRACK PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 49-53 AB - Continuous welded rail has usually been fabricated using the electric flash butt welding process to join 39-foot rails into 1440-foot lengths. These are then transported for installation in the field. This entails a major materials handling problem which could be reduced by making field welds. Such welds have not met the criteria of quality or cost. A solution developed in the USSR is a highly portable electric flash butt welder. It adds a new option for rail welding and is suitable not only for field work but also for in-plant welding. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Equipment KW - Maintenance of way KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail welding KW - Welded rail KW - Welding KW - Welding equipment UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45158 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132975 AU - King, F E AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL WEAR AND CORRUGATION PROBLEMS RELATED TO UNIT TRAIN OPERATIONS: CAUSES AND REMEDIAL ACTION PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 139-147 AB - This paper is a case study of rail wear problems on Canadian National's main line through the Rocky Mountains as a result of unit train operation. The problems are gauge-face wear on the high rail on curves, rail head flow on the low rail and corrugations having a wavelength varying from 8 to 30 inches on the low rail. Prior to introduction of unit trains there were almost no such problems. A study of the lateral forces is described. Remedial action requires a concentrated effort by Engineering, Equipment and Transportation groups with no quick "fix" available. Absence of any action will only cause track deterioration and if it is desired to more bulk commodities in unit trains, the problem must be attacked in an organized manner. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Canadian National KW - Canadian National Railways KW - Car wheels (Railroads) KW - Corrugated rail KW - Curved rail KW - Flanges KW - Force KW - Lateral dynamics KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Rail head profile KW - Railhead KW - Train track dynamics KW - Unit trains KW - Wear KW - Wheel flange forces KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45169 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132968 AU - List, H A AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - DESIGN SYSTEM APPROACH TO PROBLEM SOLVING PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 79-84 AB - A systems approach to improved truck design has involved mathematical modeling and then field testing of arrangements for modification of existing trucks and for a completely redesigned radial truck. Railway Engineering Associates has worked with Canadian National Railways and with Dresser Industries in various phases of this self-steering truck. The economics of this method of controlling the tracking characteristics of the basic three-piece truck must still be worked out. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Bolsters KW - Dynamics KW - Flanges KW - Force KW - Rail (Railroads) KW - Steering KW - Train track dynamics KW - Truck and bolster systems KW - Vehicle design KW - Wear KW - Wheel flange forces KW - Wheel tread design KW - Wheels UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45162 ER - TY - CONF AN - 00132971 AU - De Benedet, D AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - RAIL DYNAMICS SIMULATOR PY - 1975/10 SP - p. 118-122 AB - The car testing facility at the Rail Dynamics Laboratory at the Transportation Test Center is described. The facility was designed and constructed to assist government and industry in evaluating and characterizing the dynamic behavior of cars equipped with two-axle trucks. The configuration of the Vertical Shaker System are described, along with its capabilities. Mathematical modeling of a piggyback car is discussed. U1 - Proceedings of the 12th Annual Railroad Engineering Conference held at Pueblo, Colorado, October 23-24, 1975. The complete volume is RRIS 02 132958, Pricing is for the complete volume: Repr. PC $6.75, Microfiche$2.25, NTIS PB-252968/AS. StartDate:00000 EndDate:00000 KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Freight cars KW - Mathematical models KW - Piggyback transportation KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Transportation Technology Center KW - Wheel Rail Dynamics Research Facility UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/45165 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00131038 AU - Magnani, E AU - Zapotowski, B AU - Grumman Aerospace Corp. AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRACKED LEVITATED RESEARCH VEHICLE. FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT: AEROPROPELLED PY - 1975/10 SP - 139 p. AB - The results of the 1973 aeropropelled tests of the Tracked Levitated Research Vehicle (TLRV) at the Transportation Test Center (TTC) are presented for the three basic suspension modes (Primary, Body/Chassis and Independent Cushion) at speeds up to 90 mph attained in the 3 mile guideway, which includes straight, transition to curve and superelevated segments. General vehicle and suspension characteristics are reviewed, and the system performance with respect to the air supply system, acoustics, vehicle speed and braking, cushion lift and ride comfort is discussed. Vehicle dynamic responses to perturbations installed in the guideway are compared with the results computed by the TLRV Dynamics Simulation Program. KW - Advanced systems KW - Dynamics KW - Guideway roughness KW - Guideways KW - Intelligent transportation systems KW - Mathematical models KW - Roughness KW - Suspensions KW - Test vehicles KW - Tracked air cushion vehicles KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/32652 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00129256 AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Railroad Labor Organizations TI - TERMINAL PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS PY - 1975/10 SP - 260 p. AB - This report summarizes and assesses the presentations made and the discussions held during a two-day seminar on the Measurement of Terminal Performance which was conducted under the auspices of the Labor/Management Task Force on Rail Transportation. The seminar was held in Chicago on May 21 and 22, 1975. The written material submitted by the participants is reproduced in the Appendices. The main part of the report consists of a comparison of the similarities and differences between the various systems, together with an assessment of the seminar and a list of conclusions and recommendations. It was prepared by and is based on the interpretations and judgements of the St. Louis Project Team of the Task Force. It does not necessarily reflect the opinions expressed by all of those attending the seminar. KW - Classification yards KW - Information systems KW - Management information and control KW - Management information systems KW - Productivity KW - Quality of work KW - Switching KW - Yard and terminal information systems KW - Yard operations KW - Yard performance KW - Yard throughput UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/31027 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00129153 AU - Southern Pacific Transportation Company TI - FREIGHT CAR TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION. INTRODUCTION AND DETAILED TEST PLANS - SERIES 1, 2, AND 3 TESTS - PHASE I PY - 1975/10 SP - 120 p. AB - This document serves as an introduction to the Freight Car Truck Design Optimization Project (TDOP) and presents the detailed test plans for Series 1, 2, and 3 Tests of a contemplated group of four series for that project. Some of the background of the project is given, the development of the test method is described, a description of the instrumentation on the test track and test car and of the facilities of Southern Pacific Transportation Co, (SPT Co.) are given, a data collection and processing plan and analytical procedures for comparing test results with predicted values are presented. A description of the Series 1, 2, and 3 Tests, the contemplated test schedule, and the management structure for the project are also given. In the appendix, the tasks required to be performed by the statement of work for Phase I are outlined. KW - Bearings KW - Data collection KW - Development KW - Dynamic analysis KW - Dynamic tests KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Instrumentation KW - Research KW - Research and development KW - Research projects KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Suspension systems KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30924 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00129202 AU - Richards and Associates TI - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1975 NATIONAL RAIL PLANNING CONFERENCE PY - 1975/10 SP - 104 p. AB - This publication is a compilation of thirty-five papers presented at the two and one-half day National Rail Planning Conference held in New Orleans, Louisiana from May 19-22, 1975. The Conference attracted approximately 300 representatives of government, industry, university and consulting interests. The objective of the Conference was "to outline the direction that rail planning should take in the development of urban, state, rural and national transportation systems and to insure that these systems are responsible and productive to the people that use them". To accomplish this objective speakers from the Federal, state, regional and local governmental levels, the railroad industry and research agencies presented papers related to rail planning in the following areas: NATIONAL LEVEL: Federal support for rail planning funds; procedures and methodology for conducting rail planning studies; appropriate Federal policy regarding rail system planning. STATE LEVEL: State rail planning goals; state capability to conduct rail planning studies; state planning approach--modal vs. functional. LOCAL AND REGIONAL LEVEL: Abandonment of facilities and service; economic impact of railroad on communities; USRA approach to rail system planning; role of railroad industry in local and regional planning. KW - Abandonment KW - Branch lines KW - Conrail KW - Government planning KW - Government policies KW - Governments KW - Investments KW - Nationalization KW - Ownership KW - Planning KW - Policy KW - Regional planning KW - State departments of transportation KW - Subsidies KW - Transportation planning KW - United states railway association KW - Urban transportation UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30983 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00128611 AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Railroad Labor Organizations TI - A PROGRAM OF EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING CHANGES IN TERMINAL OPERATIONS - COMPLETION REPORT, VALLEY JUNCTION EXPERIMENT PY - 1975/09/30 SP - 15 p. AB - This experimental program is a labor, management and government undertaking directed by the Labor/Management Committee. The St. Louis Terminal of the Missouri Pacific Railroad was selected as a location for testing innovative experiments in terminal operations. Temporary experimental changes are considered in any operational or requlatory aspect of the terminal. This report presents the results and conclusions from an experiment involving a temporary change in a labor-management agreement which prohibited Missouri Pacific St. Louis crews from performing certain switching activities at Valley Junction Yard on the Illinois side of the Mississippi River. The goal of this experiment was to reduce the average terminal detention time on ICG traffic departing on MoPac road trains originating at St. Louis by six hours. The experiment was implemented for a 90-day period beginning July 1, 1975. Analysis of the affected traffic indicated that terminal detention time was reduced by an average of 3.1 hours -- from 16.7 to 13.6 hours/car. The experiment did not result in any significant change in the number of transfers operated to handle this ICG traffic. One principal benefit from this experiment was the operation of an additional transfer from Dupo to St. Louis made possible because the St. Louis crew handling this transfer was permitted to haul cars out of Dupo and pick up additional traffic at Valley Junction. This practice was prohibited by the provisions of the agreement temporarily waived by this experiment. KW - Freight terminals KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Operating strategies KW - Productivity KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Saint Louis (Missouri) KW - Work rules UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30256 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00128613 AU - Missouri Pacific Railroad Company AU - Association of American Railroads AU - Federal Railroad Administration AU - Railroad Labor Organizations TI - A PROGRAM OF EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING CHANGES IN TERMINAL OPERATIONS - COMPLETION REPORT, EXPERIMENT INVOLVING THE INSTALLATION OF A REMOTE-CONTROL SWITCH AT KIRKWOOD, MISSOURI PY - 1975/09/26 SP - 10 p. AB - This experimental program is a labor, management and government undertaking directed by the Labor/Management Committee. The St. Louis Terminal of the Missouri Pacific Railroad was selected as a location for testing innovative experiments in terminal operations. Temporary experimental changes are considered in any operational or regulatory aspect of the terminal. This report reflects the results and conclusions from an experiment involving the installation of a power switch and related CTC signaling at Kirkwood, Missouri, where Missouri Pacific's Carondelet Branch joins its St. Louis-Kansas City main line. Although changes in fixed facilities are outside the scope of the St. Louis Terminal Project, the Task Force on Rail Transportation decided to make this project an experiment because MoPac agreed to cover all costs of the project. The installation of the remote-control power turnout and signaling at Kirkwood has expedited the movement of five westbound trains daily with an average reduction in running time of approximately 18 minutes per train. It also eliminated the excessive blocking of street crossings in Kirkwood and Crestwood and provided safer train operations by allowing crews to enter and exit the main line at Kirkwood under signal indication. KW - Freight terminals KW - Intermodal terminals KW - Missouri Pacific Railroad KW - Operating strategies KW - Productivity KW - Railroad terminals KW - Railroad yards KW - Saint Louis (Missouri) KW - Work rules UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/30260 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133390 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 4, TAPE TDOP 0151 PY - 1975/09 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-New 1 in 20* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-9031* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-Constant contact side bearings* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-040402TSR001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-22 to 30 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-5000 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Noise on ch. 39 ***FILE 2: Name-040403TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 39 noisy ***FILE 3: Name-040403TSR001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-22 to 30 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44700 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133392 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 4, TAPE TDOP 0153 PY - 1975/09 AB - The 4 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-New 1 in 20* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-9031* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-Constant contact side bearings* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-040401TEM001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 60 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-2500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-040401TEH001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-70 and 79 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-2500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-040402TEM001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 60 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-5000 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 4: Name-040402TEH001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-70 and 79 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-5000 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44702 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133394 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 4, TAPE TDOP 0155 PY - 1975/09 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-New 1 in 20* Spring Group 7-D5I; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-9031* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Moly* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-Constant contact side bearings* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-040404CNE001* Track-Curved* Speed-25 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-2500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 6 -1.0V. off 0, ch. 9 -0.5V. off o ***FILE 2: Name-040404CND001* Track-Curved* Speed-35 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-2500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Curved track KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Equilibrium speed KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Traffic equilibrium KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44704 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133263 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 4, TAPE TDOP 0127 PY - 1975/09 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-None* Wheel Profile-New 1 in 20* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-3091* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Composition-Steel* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-None* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-040104TEM002* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 60 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-040104TEH002* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-70 and 79 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 3: Name-040104TWA002* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-1/4 In. Clear* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - No load KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44678 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133403 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 4, TAPE TDOP 0164 PY - 1975/09 AB - The 3 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-New 1 in 20* Spring Group 7-D5 O; 6-D5 I* Snubbing-8-9031* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Steel* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-Constant contact side bearings; Long. adapter clear. is 0; Long. controls under axles* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-040501TEM001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-30 to 60 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 10 -1.0v off 0 ***FILE 2: Name-040501TEH001* Track-Hi.Spd.CWR* Speed-70 and 79 mph* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-ch. 23 +0.3v off 0 ***FILE 3: Name-040501TSM001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-15 to 45 in 5 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44713 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 00133404 AU - Bang, A J AU - Federal Railroad Administration TI - TRUCK DESIGN OPTIMIZATION PROJECT FIELD TEST DATA, SERIES 4, TAPE TDOP 0165 PY - 1975/09 AB - The 2 data files on this magnetic tape include acceleration, force, and displacement measurements at critical points on a freight car and truck. Each file includes detailed alphanumeric descriptions of test conditions. The following are for all tests on this tape: Car-70 Ton M. Reefer* Truck-ASF Ride Control* Truck Center-45 Ft. 9 In.* Load-Full* Wheel Profile-New 1 in 20* Spring Group 7-D5O; 6-D5I* Snubbing-8-9031* Snubber Augmentation-None* Centerplate Friction-Steel-Steel* Additional Experimental Devices or Conditions-Constant contact side bearings; Long. Adapter clear. is 0; Long. Controls under axles* NOTE: Vertical adapter forces are subject to question. Those on sharper curves or empty cars at high speed are least accurate. Individual variations of the different tests are as follows: FILE 1: Name-040501TSR001* Track-Med.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-14 to 22 in 2 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-None ***FILE 2: Name-040501TWA001* Track-Hi.Spd.Jtd.* Speed-30 to 79 in 10 mph steps* Outer Gib Clearance-5/8 In.* Side Bearings-7500 lb. Preload* Additional Experimental Conditions-None* Errors noted-Ch. 24 Pos. Bad. KW - Bearings KW - Branch lines KW - Car trucks (Railroads) KW - Data collection KW - Data files KW - Data set KW - Dynamic loads KW - Dynamic response KW - Dynamic tests KW - Dynamic vehicle performance KW - Freight car dynamics KW - Freight cars KW - Full load KW - High speed ground transportation KW - High speed vehicles KW - Hunting (Dynamics) KW - Instrumentation KW - Loads KW - Magnetic tapes KW - Main lines KW - Medium speed KW - Modems KW - Performance tests KW - Resonant speed KW - Shock absorbers KW - Side bearings KW - Snubbers KW - Speed KW - Speed measurement KW - Spring KW - Springs (Vehicles) KW - Structural design KW - Suspension systems KW - Testing KW - Tests KW - Train track dynamics KW - Trucks KW - Undercarriages KW - Vehicle design KW - Vehicle dynamics KW - Vehicle performance KW - Wear UR - https://trid.trb.org/view/44714 ER -