TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069772
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Tri-State airport runway improvements, Huntington : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - West Virginia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829157
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069771
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Columbus airport land acquisition : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Nebraska
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829156
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069767
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Ingersoll airport runway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Illinois
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829152
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069762
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Oxford County regional airport runway and taxiway improvement, Oxford : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Maine
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829147
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069761
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Panola County airport, Batesville : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829146
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069760
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Mississippi County airport ADAP : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Missouri
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829145
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069759
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Bolton Field airport improvements, Columbus : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Ohio
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829144
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069758
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Concord municipal airport runway and taxiway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - New Hampshire
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829143
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069756
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Salt Lake City International Airport land acquisition and improvements : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Utah
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829141
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069755
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Duplin County airport development : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - North Carolina
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829140
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069752
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Grant Municipal Airport runway construction, Perkins County : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Nebraska
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829137
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069746
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Aitkin municipal airport improvements : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Minnesota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829131
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069743
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Cleveland airport development : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1972///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Ohio
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829128
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155615
AU  - ECKERT, R D
AU  - American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
TI  - AIRPORTS AND CONGESTION: A PROBLEM OF MISPLACED SUBSIDIES
PY  - 1972
SP  - 71 p.
AB  - Although federal airport subsidy programs have strong adherents, the case in favor of them is an uneasy one.  The beneficiaries of these subsidies are mainly higher income groups.  The is no reason to suppose that airports and aviation make a contribution to the nation's economic growth that is more important than many nonsubsidized industries. Airports also create costs in the form of noise, air, and water pollution which suggest that their activities might be taxed rather than subsidized.  For the purpose of this paper, however, one of the most important arguments against subsidies is that they increase congestion rather than reduce it.  Charging below-cost prices also creates new users who lobby in behalf of continuing subsidies.  Recent court decisions indicate that the pricing of airport services is legal.  Pricing systems could be of two kinds. The first would impose peak-hour landing fees.  These fees would have to be adjusted from time to time according to a "trial-and-error" procedure until queues declined to desired levels.  The second kind would create landing rights or slots that would be vested in current users and be fully transferable.  This would allow higher-valued users to purchase slots from lower-valued users, and thus improve airport efficiency.  The rights need not be given in perpetuity.  They could be renewable permits granted for 3-year periods.  Neither of these pricing systems is likely to present large problems in implementation.  But some experience with their operation could be gained through experiments at two or three airports that might last up to three years.  The experiments could be funded under the planning grant authority of Public Law 91-258.  They would produce information on the nature of airport demand, the extent to which prices can reduce congestion, and any unforeseen problems in administration.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Consumers
KW  - Costs
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Environmental quality
KW  - Federal assistance programs
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Federal programs
KW  - Finance
KW  - Landing
KW  - Peak periods
KW  - Subsidies
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Users
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49313
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155613
AU  - Institute Transport Aerien
TI  - THE AIRPORT. ACCESS BY AIR AND LAND
PY  - 1972
SP  - 190 p.
AB  - This symposium considered problems which are centered on the airport: on its setting, its location and its role. They are related to the characteristics of the air transportation industry and can be defined under six main headings: congestion, distance, number of airports, environment, cost and role.  Congestion before and after the airport.  The saturation of airspace and the congestion of surface links affect air transport in terms of time, regularity and financial costs.  Compared with other transport media, they may also create a handicap if urban, suburban and regional extensions are not adequately drained and irrigated by convenient services.  The dispersion of points and zones involved adds to the complexity.  The increasing distance between cities and airports which are cut off from their economic and demographic context and lose in efficiency and integration in daily life what they gain from the technical viewpoint.  An environment effected by disturbances - particularly noise -which are tolerated less and less.  Increasing the number of airports, either to serve major cities or equip a region or country: diversification gives obvious advantages but poses problems concerning traffic distribution, operation and frequencies, investment and land acquisition.
KW  - Airport access
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Airport congestion
KW  - Airport location
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Airport operations
KW  - Airport planning
KW  - Airports
KW  - Costs
KW  - Environment
KW  - Landside capacity
KW  - Location
KW  - Traffic congestion
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49312
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00090092
AU  - Moses, R O
AU  - Blackstone, S L
AU  - Martin Marietta Corporation
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FILTER BELT OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM
PY  - 1971/12
SP  - 308 p.
AB  - The results of a systems development program (Phase I) for preliminary design of a high seas oil recovery system are presented. Requirements were to project a system capable of recovering 2000 gpm of oil with a low water content. Oil would be recovered from the water surface by two continuous filter belts mounted in the center of a catamaran hull. The filter material retains oil but allows water to pass through freely. An additional oil/water separation system is not required. The system would include a 2000 gpm oil transfer system for offloading recovered oil. It may be used in conjunction with oil containment booms, floating oil storage bags, barges, or small tankers. The system would be designed to operate in waves up to 5 ft. average height. The system would be required to be transported by land vehicles or C-130 cargo aircraft. This report describes basic filter material performance testing, model basin testing, filter belt development, subsystem requirements definition, and preliminary design.
KW  - Belts
KW  - Filters
KW  - Manual safety belts
KW  - Oil spills
KW  - Performance
KW  - Performance engineering
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Water pollution
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/23531
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155597
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company
TI  - AIRPORT ACCESS - A PLANNING GUIDE
PY  - 1971/10
SP  - 20 p.
AB  - The organization and financing of airport access studies appear to be unique in each application.  Financing sources range from the Federal Government with support from communities or local transportation agencies to the airport owner/operator.  Regardless of the source of financing, a consistent and broad set of goals and objectives should be defined and analyses undertaken to evaluate the impacts of system and operational alternatives on the users, the community, and the organizations involved.  Unless the financial implications and potential benefits are clearly defined, it will be difficult to implement the recommendations.  Even a clear or reasonably accurate statement of impacts will not guarantee implementation, since the value structure of the private or public sector agencies, as measured by the definition of priorities and allocation of revenues, are influenced by institutional factors and may be different than the values structures of the community at large.  Also, budgeting or resource-allocation considerations of potential implementing agencies may span a broader or different set of objectives. This set may be completely consistent with the role of the implementing agencies.
KW  - Airport access
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Financing
KW  - Impacts
KW  - Landside capacity
KW  - Resource allocation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49298
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00091282
AU  - Dunlay, WJJ
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - A STOCHASTIC MODEL OF CONTROLLED AIRWAY TRAFFIC
PY  - 1971/10
SP  - 55 p.
AB  - The model presented in this paper may be used to estimate the expected number of overtake, crossing and merging conflicts at one flight level of an airway network. In addition, procedures are described for estimating the workload and saturation capacities of the network. A number of simplifying assumptions facilitate the analysis. Among these are (1) poisson arrival processes at all points, (2) constant aircraft velocities, and (3) aircraft paths that are coincident with charted airways, or otherwise predictable straight line segments. Each conflict model is essentially a conditional probability model given a particular pair of aircraft types which is then summed up over all possible aircraft-type pairs to obtain the unconditional conflict probabilities. A discussion of possible extensions of the model is included at the end of the report.
KW  - Air traffic
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Capacity quantity
KW  - Civil aviation
KW  - Classification
KW  - Conflict (Psychology)
KW  - Flight paths
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Mathematical prediction
KW  - Networks
KW  - Probability
KW  - Stochastic processes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24087
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00090151
AU  - ohio University, Athens
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
PY  - 1971/10
SP  - 186 p.
AB  - Results of ILS improvement studies performed at Ohio University are reported. The report is divided into sections ILS Glide Slope and ILS Localizer. Some of the topics treated under ILS Glide Slope are terrain effects and terrain grading criteria, snow effects, development of a directional glide slope antenna with integral monitoring, siting problems at specific sites, and introductory work on reflections from large aircraft. The main topics treated under ILS Localizer are suppression of parasitics in the Scanwell localizer, study of augmentation of clearance generated by the Scanwell localizer, performance of the Scanwell array and three types of monitor under localizer fault conditions, reflection of localizer signals from hangars and from large aircraft, and preliminary work on design of a localizer array which produces clearance within a 35 degrees sector only.
KW  - Attenuation
KW  - Directional antennas
KW  - Glide path systems
KW  - Instrument landing systems
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Radio transmission
KW  - Scattering
KW  - Transmission
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/23558
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00203770
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - GROVE CITY AIRPORTS, GROVE CITY PENNSYLVANIA. FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
PY  - 1971/10
SP  - 25 p.
AB  - THE PROJECT PROPOSES TO ACQUIRE LAND FOR AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT TO CONSTRUCT RUNWAYS AND TAXIWAYS TERMINAL APRON AND TAXIWAY TURNAROUNS; TO CONSTRUCT ACCESS ROADS; TO INSTALL MEDIUM INTENSITY LIGHTING SYSTEM INCLUDING VASL, STUB TAXIWAY LIGHTING AND ROTATING BEACON, AND LIGHTED WIND CONE AND SEGMENTED CIRCLE. THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT WILL PROVIDE A PAVED AND LIGHTED AIRPORT, WHICH WILL ENHANCE THE OVERALL ECONOMY OF THE AREA SERVED AND IMPROVED THE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. /AUTHOR/GRA/
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Development
KW  - Economic benefits
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Industries
KW  - Intermodal terminals
KW  - Lightning
KW  - Taxiways
KW  - Trade
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/95523
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00203771
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - SANTA BARBARA MUNICIPAL AIRPORT, SANTA BARBARA, CALTFORNIA: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
PY  - 1971/10
SP  - 127 p.
AB  - THE PROJECT PROPOSES TO CONSTRUCT A PORTION OF A PARALLEL TAXIWAY TO SERVE THE MAIN INSTRUMENT RUNWAY AT THE MUNICIPAL AIRPORT. THE PROPOSED TAXIWAY IMPROVEMENT IS NOT EXPECTED TO AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE SURROUNDING AREA OR HINDER THE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE OF GOLETA SLOUGH. /AUTHOR(GRA)/
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Construction
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Taxiways
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/95525
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00226631
AU  - Obrien, P J
AU  - National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center
TI  - A DYNAMIC SIMULATION STUDY OF AIR TRAFFIC CAPACITY IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY TERMINAL AREA
PY  - 1971/08
SP  - 114 p.
AB  - A DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF AIR TRAFFIC OPERATIONS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY TERMINAL AREA WAS CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE AIR TRAFFIC CAPACITY ESTIMATES WHEN SEVERAL DIFFERENT AIRPORT EXPANSION PLANS WERE IMPLEMENTED. CAPACITY ESTIMATES WERE MADE FOR THE FOLLOWING SEPARATE CONDITIONS: FIRST, THE PRESENT DAY SYSTEM SLIGHTLY MODIFIED TO ACCOMMODATE AN INCREASED VOLUME OF TRAFFIC; SECOND, WITH THE OPERATION OF AN ADDITIONAL RUNWAY AT SAN FRANCISCO AIRPORT; THIRD, WITH THE OPERATION OF AN ADDITIONAL RUNWAY AT OAKLAND AIRPORT; AND FOURTH, WITH THE OPERATION OF A NEW MULTIPARALLEL RUNWAY AIRPORT LOCATED NEAR THE SOUTH END OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY AND WITHOUT THE EXPANSION TO EITHER SAN FRANCISCO OR OAKLAND AIRPORTS. AN ESTIMATE WAS ALSO MADE OF THE TOTAL SYSTEM CAPACITY WHEN ALL AIRPORT EXPANSIONS WERE IMPLEMENTED. /AUTHOR/ (GRA)
KW  - Air traffic
KW  - Air traffic forecasts
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Airport planning
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airspace capacity
KW  - Development
KW  - Expansion
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Metropolitan Oakland International Airport
KW  - Parallel runways
KW  - Parallel taxiways
KW  - San Francisco International Airport
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Taxiways
KW  - Traffic simulation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/112979
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01351688
AU  - Mohler, Stanley R
AU  - Gerathewohl, Siegfried J
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Civil Aeromedical Standards for General-Use Aerospace Transportation Vehicles: The Space-Shuttle Follow-on
PY  - 1971/07/01/OAM Report
SP  - 8p
AB  - Second-generation general-use aerospace transportation vehicles will evolve, and aerospace medical specialists must provide timely medical criteria for (a) occupant selection, (b) vehicle design features, and (c) operational guidelines. Incorporation of this aeromedical data will result in (1) enhanced mission success and mission efficiency, and (2) minimized opportunity for mission failure, accidents, and long-range adverse consequences due to human factor deficiencies. The data include medical standards for the occupants plus standards for oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and monoxide, humidity, heat, water vapor, internal noise, radiation and other items.
KW  - Aerospace engineering
KW  - Civil engineering
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Human factors engineering
KW  - London Orbital Motorway
KW  - Medical services
KW  - Space shuttles
KW  - Vehicle design
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/39000/39100/39167/AM71-33.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1114749
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01351732
AU  - Smith, Roger C
AU  - FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Personality Assessment in Aviation: An Analysis of the Item Ambiguity Characteristics of the 16PF and MMPI
PY  - 1971/07//OAM Report
SP  - 8p
AB  - Devices such as the 16PF and MMPI have been widely employed in the evaluation of personnel in aviation settings. The present study investigated the problem of item ambiguity (the degree to which an item elicits multiple interpretation) which may limit the utility of such devices when used in screening procedures.Subjects completed either the 16PF or the MMPI while concurrently rating each item on a five-point ambiguity scale. The ambiguity for each item was determined and the relationship between ambiguity and sex of the respondent, the individual factor scales, and the scores of subjects on the scales were considered. The implications of the findings for the item construction and use of the tests in various applications were discussed.
KW  - Ambiguity resolution
KW  - Aviation
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Gender
KW  - Human factors
KW  - Personality
KW  - Psychological aspects
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/39000/39100/39169/AM71-35.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1114753
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01351660
AU  - Cobb, Bart B
AU  - Lay, Carolyn D
AU  - Bourdet, Nancy M
AU  - FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - The Relationship between Chronological; Age and Aptitude Test Measures of Advanced-Level Air traffic Control Trainees
PY  - 1971/07//OAM Report
SP  - 32p
AB  - This study examined the interrelationships of age, aptitude measures, and training performance scores for 710 men who entered basic air traffic control (ATC) training at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) academy during November 1968 through March 1970. They ranged in age from 21 to 52 years, but less than 12% were over the age of 40. More of the subjects were former military controllers who possessed sufficient prior ATC experience to be (a) selected for training with an exemption from a qualifying aptitude index and (b) appointed to trainee status with higher-than-normal pay grades. Age correlated negatively with 21 of the 22 aptitude measures and with training grades. On most tests, performance means of subjects over age 34 were significantly lower than those obtained for the younger trainees,and their attrition rate for the training course was three times that of their younger classmates. Only one of the 22 aptitude measures failed to correlate positively with the training grades. The results indicated that greater effectiveness in screening such applicants could be attained if eligibility standards were modified to include considerations of both age and aptitudes.
KW  - Age
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Air traffic controllers
KW  - Aptitude
KW  - Personnel performance
KW  - Tests
KW  - Training
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/39000/39100/39170/AM71-36.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1114814
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00200611
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - OPERATIONS UNDER THE AIRPORT AND AIRWAY DEVELOPMENT ACT
PY  - 1971/06/30
SP  - 46 p.
AB  - THE AIRPORTS PROGRAM IS BASED PRIMARILY ON THE PROVISIONS OF THE AIRPORT AND AIRWAY DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1970 (PUBLIC LAW 91-258) ENACTED ON 21 MAY 1970. PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES OF THIS PROGRAM INCLUDE: PREPARATION OF A NATIONAL AIRPORT SYSTEM PLAN; ADMINISTERING PROGRAMS OF GRANTS-IN-AID FOR AIRPORT PLANNING AND AIRPORT DEVELOPMENT; DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF AIRPORT PLANNING, ENGINEERING, AND SAFETY STANDARDS; AIRPORT CERTIFICATION AND INSPECTION FOR SAFETY OF OPERATIONS; FIELD COLLECTION OF INFORMATION FOR THE AIRPORT DATA PROGRAM; PARTICIPATION IN TRANSFER OF FEDERAL LAND AND PROPERTY FOR CIVIL AIRPORT USE; AND THE PROGRAM FOR ASSURING COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT OF AIRPORT AGREEMENTS. /AUTHOR/
KW  - Airports
KW  - Development
KW  - Laws
KW  - Programs
KW  - Safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/89571
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00226628
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - SYSTEM DESIGN FOR AN ALL WEATHER AIRPORT SURFACE TRAFFIC SYSTEM
PY  - 1971/04/26
SP  - 135 p.
AB  - THE DESIGN REQUIREMENTS AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR AN ALL WEATHER SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING AIRPORT SURFACE TRAFFIC ARE PRESENTED. THE STAGES IN PROGRESSING FROM THE CURRENT SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING AIRPORT SURFACE TRAFFIC TO AN ALL WEATHER SYSTEM ARE DESCRIBED AND INCLUDE: EXISTING SYSTEM, VISUAL SIGNALLING, DETECTION, ALARM/PRIORITY LOGIC, COMPUTER PROCESSING, AND REDUCED VISIBILITY GUIDANCE AND 1269545 TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
KW  - Airports
KW  - Design
KW  - Design features
KW  - Detection and identification
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Guidance
KW  - Information processing
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - Weather
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/112976
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00092083
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TI  - MEASUREMENT OF RUNWAY FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS ON WET, ICY OR SNOW COVERED RUNWAYS
PY  - 1971/04/01
SP  - 26 p.
AB  - Three methods of measuring runway friction characteristics are described and possible usage of the data obtained is indicated. The information presented reflects the current state-of-the-art for measurement and classification of the relative slipperiness of runway surfaces. The three methods described include: (1) The diagonal-braked vehicle test method for measuring stopping distances on paved surfaces, (2) the Mu Meter method for evaluating runway surface characteristics, and (3) the James Brake Decelerometer method for determining runway slipperiness in the form of a friction coefficient.
KW  - Acceptability
KW  - Acceptance
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Equipment tests
KW  - Friction
KW  - Ice
KW  - Military facilities
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Skidding
KW  - Snow
KW  - State of the art
KW  - Surfaces
KW  - Test equipment
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/28824
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513857
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Grove municipal airport land acquisition and runway and taxiway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Oklahoma
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298181
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513855
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Jesup-Wayne County Airport land acquisition and runway improvements : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298179
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513854
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Carrizozo municipal airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - New Mexico
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298178
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513853
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Redding municipal airport land acquisition : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - California
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298177
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513852
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Albert Lea municipal airport expansion : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Minnesota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298176
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513851
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Salisbury-Wicomico County airport land acquisition : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Maryland
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298175
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513850
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Wahoo municipal airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298174
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513849
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Lawrence Township municipal airport land acquisition and runway extension, Clearfield : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Pennsylvania
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298173
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01513848
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Clarion County airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Pennsylvania
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298172
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512971
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Calhoun County airport, new airport, Pittsboro : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft(in F), Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297295
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512970
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Lonesome Pine airport runway extension, Wise County : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Virginia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297294
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512968
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Rexburg-Madison County airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Idaho
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297292
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512966
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Truckee-Tahoe airport land acqusisition and runway improvements : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - California
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297290
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512965
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Dothan airport runway improvements and extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Alabama
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297289
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512961
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Terry County airport runway resurfacing and extension, Brownsville : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Texas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297285
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512960
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Memphis International Airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Tennessee
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297284
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512957
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - New Holstein municipal airport upgrading runway pavement : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Wisconsin
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297281
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512037
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Alma/Bacon County airport land acqusition and runway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1296361
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512036
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Batesville airport land acquisition, runway and taxiway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Arkansas
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1296360
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512034
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Allentown/Bethlehem/Easton airport land acquisition and runway extension, Allentown : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Pennsylvania
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1296358
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512033
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Gettysburg municipal airport land acquisition and runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - South Dakota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1296357
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512027
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Pierre municipal airport runway upgrading : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - South Dakota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1296351
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511118
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Jekyll Island airport runway-taxiway extension, Glynn County : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295442
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511117
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Mission Field runway extension, Livingston : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, F
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Montana
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295441
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511116
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Kent County airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Michigan
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295440
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511115
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Iowa Falls municipal airport land acquisition and runway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Iowa
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295439
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511114
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Colby municipal airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Kansas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295438
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511113
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Henryetta municipal airport runway extension and reconstruction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Oklahoma
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295437
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511112
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Martin County airport runway extension, Williamstown : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - North Carolina
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295436
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01511111
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Pender municipal airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1295435
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510200
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Jefferson Davis airport, new airport, Prentiss : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft(in F), Final, Final(microfiche)
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294524
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510199
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Capital Airport runway relocation, Springfield : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, F
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Illinois
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294523
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510198
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Reidsville airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294522
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510196
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Savannah municipal airport long term development : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294520
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510195
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Great Falls International Airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Montana
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294519
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510194
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Cambridge municipal airport land acquisition : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Minnesota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294518
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510193
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Carson airport land acquisition and runway extension, Carson City : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Nevada
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294517
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510192
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Goldsboro/Wayne municipal airport land reimbursement and improvements : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - North Carolina
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294516
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510191
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Loup City municipal airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294515
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01510189
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Lancaster County airport ADAP, Lancaster : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - South Carolina
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1294513
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509309
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Atlanta airport loop road construction, drainage system, Clayton/Fulton counties : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293633
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509308
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Walker Field runway extension, Grand Junction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293632
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509307
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Bonifay airport new runway construction and land reimbursement : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft(in F), Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Florida
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293631
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509306
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Mankato municipal airport expansion : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Minnesota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293630
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509304
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Minot International Airport land acquisition and runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - North Dakota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293628
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509302
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Ogallala municipal airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293626
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01509301
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Pickens County airport runway extension, Liberty : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - South Carolina
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1293625
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01508405
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Murray Field runway extension, Eureka : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - California
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1292729
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01508402
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Broken Bow municipal airport land acquisition : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1292726
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01508401
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Salt Lake City airport land acquisition and runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Utah
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1292725
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01508399
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Reading municipal airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Pennsylvania
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1292723
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01508396
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Plattsmouth municipal airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1292720
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507434
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Pine Belt Regional Airport (proposed), Laurel and Hattiesburg : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291758
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507433
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Fostoria metropolitan airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Ohio
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291757
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507432
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Russell Field runway improvements, Rome : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Georgia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291756
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507430
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Anaconda airport turf runway construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Montana
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291754
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507429
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Fulton/Itawamba County airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291753
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507428
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Ortonville municipal airport runway improvements : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Minnesota
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291752
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507427
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Houghton County Memorial Airport reconstruction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Michigan
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291751
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507426
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Ryan Airport runway reconstruction, Baton Rouge : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Louisiana
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291750
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507424
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Ashtabula County airport land acquisition and runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Ohio
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291748
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507423
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Brewster Field/Holdrege municipal airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291747
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507422
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Hastings municipal airport land acquisition and construction : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291746
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507421
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Tecumseh municipal airport land acquisition : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291745
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507420
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Wayne Wonderland Airport land acquisition and runway extension, Loa : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, F
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Utah
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291744
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507419
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Maury County regional airport land acquisition and runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Tennessee
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291743
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01507418
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Norfolk regional airport land acquisition and runway extensions : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Virginia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291742
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01454132
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - The Eagle-Eyed Pilot (Video)
PY  - 1971
AB  - This video stresses that a pilot's vision and flight safety go hand-in-hand. It acquaints the general aviation pilot with the physiology of pilot vision, particularly highlighting the limitations of the eye in flight and factors that can affect and impair sight and safety while airborne.
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Eye
KW  - General aviation
KW  - Vision
UR  - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRsw_cUl8CM
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1222789
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01161611
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Lexington municipal airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/922595
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069868
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Harlingen airport runway extension : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft, Final
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Texas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829253
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069846
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Republic Airport runway extension transfer, Farmingdale : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - New York (State)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829231
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01069783
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Fairfax County airport, new airport : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1971///Volumes held: Draft
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Virginia
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/829168
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00911855
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - STAFF STUDY: CIVIL AERONAUTICAL PRODUCTION, CALENDAR YEAR 1968..
T2  - CIVIL AERONAUTICAL PRODUCTION.
PY  - 1971
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/585464
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 00407652
JO  - GA-20-85     -UNTRACED SERIES
PB  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - DAY, B A
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - THE AFRO-AMERICAN AIRMAN IN WORLD WAR II
PY  - 1971
SP  - 1 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - African Americans
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - History
KW  - United States
KW  - World War, 1939-1945
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/224330
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402092
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AVIATION'S ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION REPORT. COMPILATION OF THE NEWSPAPER, RADIO AND TELEVISION COVERAGE OF THE VARIOUS RELEASES AND DEMONSTRATI
PY  - 1971
SP  - 89 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aircraft exhaust gases
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/215388
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155616
AU  - Northeastern Illinois Planning Commission
TI  - METROPOLITAN AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT POLICY STUDY, O'HARE INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
PY  - 1971
SP  - 118 p.
AB  - At Chicago's O'Hare two runways built since 1965 will enlarge the noise-impacted area to include the homes of half a million persons by 1975.  Land use strategies in this short time can only limit the 58,000 persons which residential construction trends would bring into the noise-impacted area by 1975.  Operational changes plus acoustical lining of existing aircraft engine nacelles might reduce the impacted population to 190,000.  Operational changes plus new engines of quieter design might cut the impacted population to 140,000--less than half of the 1965 number.  Motel builders successfully have limited airport noise by adding 20 to 30 percent to construction costs for soundproofing.  These techniques are feasible for new multiple-family dwellings in the moderately noise-impacted area, but not in the heavily noise-impacted area, and not for single-family dwellings.  Local building codes legally could require soundproofing performance standards for new rental buildings but not for existing owner-occupied dwellings.  One solution for two neighborhoods at the runways' edge might be to remove the dwellings and redevelop the land for commerce and industry.  Proposed expansion of the airport grounds will remove some of the most noise-impacted vacant land from the market.  So will the proposed Elgin-O'Hare Freeway, and the projected growth of industry and commerce.  Thirty-nine million dollars should be spent to acquire six noise-impacted sites for regional open space, including flood reservoirs, golf courses, and cemeteries.  Moderately noise-impacted land is also suitable for neighborhood playgrounds and ballparks.  A regional airport systems plan should be drawn as the first step toward publishing noise forecast maps for all airports in the eight-county bistate region of northeastern Illinois-northwestern Indiana.  Zoning could forestall noise impact problems around any future jetport, if land use controls can be coordinated on a regional basis.
KW  - Aircraft noise
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Chicago O'Hare International Airport
KW  - Damping (Engineering)
KW  - Engine design
KW  - Engines
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Housings
KW  - Land use
KW  - Nacelles
KW  - Noise control
KW  - Noise reduction
KW  - Vehicle design
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49314
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 00155586
JO  - AIRPORT SERVICES MANAGEMENT
AU  - Lakewood Publications
TI  - PASSENGER GROUND TRANSIT SYSTEMS
PY  - 1970/08
VL  - 10
IS  - 8
SP  - p. 24-27
AB  - Three new ground transit systems are described: automatic shuttle trains; prototype capsule-type vehicles; and moving walkways.  The shuttle train system at Tampa International Airport incorporates a passenger transfer system which connects the main Landside building with the outlying Airside building where gate check-in, passenger holding and related ramp functions are conducted.  A prototype overhead monorail system installed at Dallas/Fort Worth airport, consists of individual cars holding 14 passengers or up to 6,000 pounds of baggage operating along almost a mile of elevated track between the parking lot and terminal lobby. Two other systems being evaluated at the same airport, consist of small passenger transfer modules, containerized air cargo modules will be loaded and unloaded from aircraft by automated transfer systems.  A conveyor system is described which can handle 22,000 passengers an hour over distances ranging from 1000 ft. to several miles.
KW  - Airport access
KW  - Automatic train operation
KW  - Conveyors
KW  - Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport
KW  - Elevated guideways
KW  - Ground transportation
KW  - Landside capacity
KW  - Passengers
KW  - People movers
KW  - Railroad bridges
KW  - Shuttle service
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/52598
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155566
AU  - Kiernam, J
AU  - Institute for Defense Analyses
TI  - BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AIR TRAVEL AND ASSOCIATED GROUND TRANSPORTATION
PY  - 1970/06
SP  - 43 p.
AB  - This bibliography is intended to provide background reading for a study performed by IDA for the Office of Research of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation.  In keeping with the focus of the IDA Study, S-351, Intra-Airport Transportation systems: An Examination of Technology and Evaluation Methodology, a survey of documents and articles was made to help identify current data and studies relating to air travel demand projections, alternative airport configurations, flow patterns and rates, and available or potential ground transportation concepts, systems, and components.  This bibliography covers the subject areas up to August 1969.
KW  - Air traffic
KW  - Air traffic forecasts
KW  - Airport design
KW  - Airports
KW  - Bibliographies
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Intermodal terminals
KW  - Intra airport transit
KW  - Landside capacity
KW  - Passenger terminals
KW  - Structural design
KW  - Terminal facilitation
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49276
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073998
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - THE NATIONAL AVIATION SYSTEM PLAN - TEN YEAR PLAN - 1971-1980
PY  - 1970/05
AB  - Orderly development of an adequate system of airways facilities and airports is essential if the demands of our rapidly growing aviation industry are to be satisfied. This, the second annual edition of the National Aviation Plan, is the Federal Aviation Administration's long-range plan for that development.  It consists of the National Aviation System Policy Summary and the 1970 National Aviation System Plan, which cover the period 1971 through 1980.
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Government policies
KW  - National Aviation System
KW  - Policy
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24589
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00074089
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - R AND D PLAN TO INCREASE AIRPORT AND AIRWAY SYSTEM CAPACITY
PY  - 1970/05
AB  - The purpose of the research and development activity described is to achieve the national goal of providing an air transportation system for all categories of aviation commensurate with projected growth of the air transportation industry.
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Development
KW  - Research
KW  - Research and development
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24603
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073834
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - PLANNING THE METROPOLITAN AIRPORT SYSTEM
PY  - 1970/05
AB  - The metropolitan airport system plan is a representation of the aviation facilities required to meet the immediate and future air transportation needs of the metropolitan area. It recommends the general location for and characteristics of new airports and the nature of expansion for existing ones. The metropolitan airport system planning process involves the preparation of both broad and specific policies, plans, and programs needed to establish a viable, integrated network of airports at the metropolitan level.
KW  - Airport forecasts
KW  - Airport planning
KW  - Airports
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Land use planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24546
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 00155599
JO  - ITA Bulletin
PB  - Institut du Transport Aerien
AU  - Institut du Transport Aerien
TI  - PARALLEL RUNWAYS TO BEAT AIRPORT CONGESTION
PY  - 1970/03
SP  - p. 241-244
AB  - Parallel runways make it possible to increase the airport's capacity and reduce delays to a greater extent than divergent or intersecting runways.  The various possible configurations for parrallel runways are tabulated together with data relating to their respective capacity compared with those of intersecting or divergent runways.  A minimum spacing of 5,000 ft. between runways is essential.  This spacing makes possible simultaneous ILS approaches, thus giving the parallel runway system true double capacity.
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Instrument landing systems
KW  - Runway spacing
KW  - Spacing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/52602
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00061108
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - NORTHEAST CORRIDOR AIR TRAFFIC AND HIGH SPEED GROUND TRANSPORTATION
PY  - 1970/03
SP  - 38 p.
AB  - The report reviews the high-speed ground transportation program of the Department of Transportation and studies the impact high-speed rail passenger service may have on air traffic in this critical, congested area of the United States known as the Northeast Corridor.  (Author)
KW  - Air traffic
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Civil aviation
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Economics
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - High speed ground transportation
KW  - High speed rail
KW  - Impacts
KW  - Metroliner (Express train)
KW  - Northeast Corridor
KW  - Northeastern United States
KW  - Passenger service
KW  - Passenger vehicles
KW  - Passengers
KW  - Pricing
KW  - Railroads
KW  - Short takeoff
KW  - Socioeconomic factors
KW  - Statistics
KW  - STOL aircraft
KW  - Takeoff
KW  - Transportation
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/17689
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155610
AU  - Goodfriend (LS) and Associates
TI  - NOISE-REDUCING CONSTRUCTIONS AND COST ESTIMATING IN HIGH NOISE AREAS
PY  - 1970/02
SP  - 61 p.
AB  - The 1975 Noise Exposure Forecasts (NEF's) Base Line and Quiet Engine Contour maps were examined to obtain octave-band sound-pressure levels on the NEF-30 and -40 contours from which noise reducing structures and cost estimates were developed for existing and new buildings in the B and C zones.  The process of computing the sound-pressure levels existing at approximately ground level at one mile intervals (the distance selected to provide sufficient sound-level difference) on the NEF-30 and -40 contours is discussed.  The computed maximum octave-band sound-pressure levels on the NEF B and C contours were selected along with suitable interior noise design goals to determine the appropriate sound reducing constructions for various existing and new buildings types in the B and C zones.  In addition, cost estimates were derived for these sound reducing constructions and the cost estimates are discussed and the results summarized.  Recommendations for reducing the intruding aircraft noise levels by a system of electronically introducing a suitable interior background noise in the various building types are discussed. Respective cost estimates in incremental cost per square foot are also given for comparison of cost per square foot sound reducing constructions with cost per square foot of an electronic masking system.
KW  - Aircraft noise
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Construction
KW  - Cost estimating
KW  - Effective sound pressure
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Estimates
KW  - Noise
KW  - Noise contours
KW  - Noise control
KW  - Noise exposure
KW  - Noise reduction
KW  - Sound level
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49309
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 00155600
JO  - AIRPORT SERVICES MANAGEMENT
AU  - MARTIN, F F
AU  - Lakewood Publications
TI  - CURRENT PROBLEMS RELATED TO AIRPORT FINANCING
PY  - 1970/01
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
SP  - p. 32-36
AB  - Problems related to airport management's ability to obtain money to finance physical facilities to accommodate the rapid growth in air transportation are discussed.  The lack of market for good quality bonds because of interest rate limitations by governing bodies is considered, as well as the situation with municipal bond prices, and the short-term money market for interim financing.  The advantages of the latter approach seems now to be outweighed by the risk of the bond market continuing to decline.  Possible changes in the existing tax-exemption of interest derived from state and municipal obligations are discussed and comments are made on the tax-exempt status of airport bonds.  The development of airport authorities is noted, and non-profit corporations are considered as a practical approach to financing.
KW  - Airport operations
KW  - Airports
KW  - Bonds
KW  - Finance
KW  - Financing
KW  - Prices
KW  - Taxes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/52603
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00074050
AU  - Redlich, R W
AU  - MCFARLAND, R H
AU  - Gorman, J T
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
PY  - 1970/01
AB  - Two new analog-type monitors have been designed,  built and tested for the purpose of providing a reliable, and accurate representation of the ILS localizer signal as seen by an aircraft flying on an approach. This annual progress report also contains discussions of other work performed to  provide for improvement in the operation of the present instrument landing system.
KW  - Analog computers
KW  - Analog systems
KW  - Approach
KW  - Instrument landing systems
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24595
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073860
AU  - Yance, J V
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - THE DEMAND FOR USE OF WASHINGTON NATIONAL AIRPORT
PY  - 1970/01
SP  - 22 p.
AB  - This analysis is part of a study to explore the use of a pricing system to reduce congestion at airports. It is clear that there is considerable excess demand for the use of National Airport.  The question we attempt to answer here is, how much would airlines be willing ot pay for additional slots.  First the study attempts to estimate the difference in average profit per flight of operating from Washington National vs. operating from Friendship, to each of a set of cities served from both airports.  Using data collected in a CAB survey conducted in November, 1967, we calculate for each market the difference in average revenue per flight from National and from Friendship and the difference in average operating cost per flight, obtaining from these the average profit advantage per flight at DCA.
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Airport congestion
KW  - Airspace capacity
KW  - Baltimore Washington International Airport
KW  - Demand
KW  - Operating costs
KW  - Prices
KW  - Profits
KW  - Revenues
KW  - Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Washington Dulles International Airport
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/21046
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01512969
AU  - United States Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Palmdale International Airport (proposed), Palmdale : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1970///v. held: Findings of the Secretary of Transportation on environmental impact B1 (2 pts, pt. 1 fol); Proposal for planning grant for area surrounding new intercontinental jet airport B2.
KW  - California
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1297293
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01454866
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Silver Eagle: the Master of the Skies (Video)
PY  - 1970
AB  - This video uses nostalgia and good humor to remind general aviation pilots of the importance of good aeromedical habits. It shows a pilot who envisions himself as having extraordinary judgment and flying prowess, but like many pilots, he occasionally overestimates his own capabilities. It discusses the adverse effects of alcohol, medicine, stress, and fatigue and emphasizes the importance of good vision, hearing, coordination, and judgment.
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - Alcohol effects
KW  - Aviation medicine
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Fatigue (Physiological condition)
KW  - Health
KW  - Stress (Psychology)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1223291
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01454650
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Medical Facts for Pilots (Video)
PY  - 1970
AB  - This video provides beginning pilots with facts concerning some of the fundamental physical, physiological, and psychological limitations in flight. It discusses such aeromedical factors as disorientation, the effect of alcohol, oxygen requirements, and pilot vision.
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - Alcohol effects
KW  - Aviation medicine
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Disorientation
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Vision
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1223282
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01454098
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Caution - Wake Turbulence (Video)
PY  - 1970
AB  - The video illustrates the phenomenon of wing tip vortices, how they are generated, what generates them, their effects on light aircraft, and suggests pilot actions on how best to avoid them.
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Small aircraft
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Wakes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1222783
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01074374
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Lexington industrial (municipal) airport, Lexington : environmental impact statement
PY  - 1970///Volumes held: Final(microfiche)
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Mississippi
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/833768
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888525
AU  - Gerathewohl, Siegfried J
AU  - MORRIS, EVERETT W
AU  - SIRKIS, JOSEPH A
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - AM;
TI  - ANTICOLLISION LIGHTS FOR THE SUPERSONIC TRANSPORT (SST).
PY  - 1970
IS  - 70-9
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aeronautics
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Lighting
KW  - Supersonic transport planes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579628
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888560
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - INDEX TO FAA OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE REPORTS, 1961 THROUGH 1969..
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aviation medicine
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579645
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888544
AU  - LEWIS, MARK F
AU  - MERTENS, HENRY W
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - TWO-FLASH THRESHOLDS AS A FUNCTION OF COMPARISON STIMULUS DURATION.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Lighting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579635
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888555
AU  - DRUCKENBROD, WILLIAM F
AU  - HUSTVELDT, ERLING H
AU  - STREET, WILLIAM G
AU  - National Technical Information Service
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ESTIMATED TRENDS IN UNIT COST OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS IN SUPPORT OF AIR AND HIGHWAY TRAVEL.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Federal aid
KW  - Highway transportation
KW  - Transportation
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579641
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888539
AU  - FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, OFFICE OF NOISE ABATEMENT
TI  - ECONOMIC IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTING ACOUSTICALLY TREATED NACELLE AND DUCT CONFIGURATIONS APPLICABLE TO LOW BYPASS TURBOFAN ENGINES: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Costs
KW  - Economic factors
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Nacelles
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579630
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888559
AU  - Mohler, Stanley R
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - PHYSIOLOGICALLY TOLERABLE DECOMPRESSION PROFILES FOR SUPERSONIC TRANSPORT TYPE CERTIFICATION.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Atmospheric pressure
KW  - Certification
KW  - Physiological aspects
KW  - Physiological effect
KW  - Supersonic transport planes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579644
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888006
AU  - DINERMAN, BERNHART V
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EVALUATION OF AREA NAVIGATION IN THE NORTHEAST CORRIDOR: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Aircraft pilotage
KW  - Airports
KW  - Northeastern United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579508
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00887303
AU  - HORONJEFF, RICHARD D
AU  - PAUL, ALLAN
AU  - FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, OFFICE OF NOISE ABATEMENT
TI  - A DIGITAL COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR COMPUTATION OF NOISE EXPOSURE FORECAST CONTOURS: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Computer programs
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Simulation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579328
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00839054
AU  - Garner, J D
AU  - BLETHROW, JOHN G
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EVACUATION TESTS FROM AN SST MOCK-UP.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Safety
KW  - Supersonic transport planes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/531942
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00839055
AU  - LATEGOLA, MICHAEL T
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - COMPARISON OF STATUS VARIABLES AMONG ACCIDENT AND NON-ACCIDENT AIRMEN FROM THE ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - Psychology
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/531943
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00839053
AU  - MCFADDEN, ERNEST B
AU  - SMITH, ROGER C
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - PROTECTIVE SMOKE HOOD STUDIES.
PY  - 1970
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Oxygen equipment
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/531941
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155607
AU  - Cleary, Gottlieb, Sten & Hamilton
TI  - CERTAIN LEGAL ASPECTS OF REQUIRED SOUNDPROOFING IN HIGH NOISE AREAS NEAR JOHN F. KENNEDY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IN NEW YORK
PY  - 1970
SP  - 132 p.
AB  - The compulsory soundproofing proposals with respect to new and existing structures.  This study is made primarily in light of Federal and New York state constitutional provisions and certain state and local legislation.  The authors conclude that the principal constitutional problems are the scope of the police and spending powers; that extensive compulsory soundproofing requirements, at least in the highest noise areas, affecting such new privately-owned structures as multiple dwellings, schools and hospitals and perhaps private residences, are likely to be upheld, assuming that in other respects the requirements are reasonably drafted; but that such requirements for existing privately-owned structures would be of dubious validity, except perhaps for multiple dwellings, schools and hospitals.  The authors conclude that such requirements could be enacted either by the affected municipalities, if state enabling legislation were made adequate, or by the state legislature in mandatory or optional form; but that at JFK state legislation would appear more promising. Soundproofing of publicly-owned structures and the requirement of soundproofing near airports by the Federal government itself present different problems which are not within the scope of this study and are only mentioned in passing.
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Damping (Engineering)
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Hospitals
KW  - Housings
KW  - John F. Kennedy International Airport
KW  - Legal factors
KW  - Requirement
KW  - Schools
KW  - Specifications
KW  - State laws
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49306
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155608
AU  - Tri-State Transportation Commission
TI  - METROPOLITAN AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT POLICY STUDY; JOHN F. KENNEDY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, NEW YORK
PY  - 1970
SP  - 124 p.
AB  - The Tro-State Transportation Commission, under contract to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), has prepared this report as part of the Metropolitan Aircraft Noise Abatement Policy Studies (MANAPS) at four airports in different cities.  This report considers alternative measures, or combinations of measures, to provide relief from aircraft noise in affected communities around John F. Kennedy International Airport, and offers recommendations for reducing aircraft-noise problems.  The Commission studied present land use, local development policies and codes, sound insulations of structures, redevelopment, future land-use alternatives, legal aspects and airport operations.  Alternative methods of reducing noise at the source were furnished by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT).  Costs are estimated for the alternative procedures considered.
KW  - Aircraft noise
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Airport operations
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - John F. Kennedy International Airport
KW  - Land use
KW  - Legal factors
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - Noise control
KW  - Noise reduction
KW  - Policy
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49307
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073002
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - OFFSHORE AIRPORT PLANNING
PY  - 1969/08
AB  - This document provides planning guidance to interested planners concerned with development of   airports in offshore marine environments.  Basic planning factors are established and site evaluation methodology is suggested. Also provided are parameters to determine desirability of an offshore location and the types of construction and methods of access that may be used.
KW  - Airport construction
KW  - Airport planning
KW  - Airports
KW  - Construction
KW  - Offshore airports
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24448
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073001
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EVALUATION OF CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR OFFSHORE AIRPORTS
PY  - 1969/08
AB  - This report presents a narrative summary and evaluations of existing and proposed offshore airports and related construction.  Ranges of unit costs for construction of an offshore site, by   the various construction methods, are compared.  Methods of access are discussed, as well as unit costs for various access systems. On the basis of the studies and evaluations performed, it is concluded that the offshore airport is generally technically feasible but will normally cost more to construct than an onshore alternative.
KW  - Airport construction
KW  - Airports
KW  - Construction
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Design
KW  - Offshore airports
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24447
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00146815
AU  - O'Brien, P J
AU  - BUSCH, A C
AU  - National Aviation Facilities Experimental Center
TI  - EFFECTS OF SELECTIVE SYSTEM PARAMETERS ON COMMUNICATIONS INTELLIGIBILITY
PY  - 1969/03
SP  - 64 p.
AB  - The communications frequency study was made to facilitate spectrum planning by FAA Frequency Management personnel. The study relates communications intelligibility to frequency channel spacing, bandwidth, modulation type, and signal-to-interference ratio. The overall approach was to conduct talker/listener intelligibility tests, voice communications equipment tests, and digital communications equipment tests. The test procedure subjected the Speech Communications Index Meter (SCIM) simulated speech signals, the Air Traffic Control (ATC) messages, and the Modified Rhyme Tests (MRTs) to specific levels of interference. The SCIM signal was first applied to the SCIM analyzer for computation and display of articulation index (AI). The ATC messages and MRTs were then recorded at the configuration which produced these discrete values of AIs. These recordings were subsequently used to perform subjective intelligibility testing. Talker/listener intelligibility tests were conducted to determine the particular values of AI required for communications links within the ATC system using both ATC and MRT vocabularies. Voice and digital communications tests were conducted to obtain data pertaining to channel assignments for various configurations of conventional and proposed operational modes.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Air traffic controllers
KW  - Articulation index
KW  - Bandwidth
KW  - Civil aviation
KW  - Communication systems
KW  - Computer programming
KW  - Data communications
KW  - Definitions
KW  - Digital computers
KW  - Digital systems
KW  - Frequency (Electromagnetism)
KW  - Frequency allocation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Intelligibility
KW  - Legibility
KW  - Management
KW  - Management planning and control
KW  - Modulation
KW  - Modulation (Communications)
KW  - Performance (Human)
KW  - Personnel performance
KW  - Physical distribution
KW  - Planning
KW  - Radio
KW  - Separation
KW  - Signal to noise ratio
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Speech
KW  - Speech transmission
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Vocabulary
KW  - Voice communication
KW  - Voice frequency
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/63569
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00911517
AU  - MAXWELL, JEWELL CLINTON
AU  - THOMAS, D D
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - MEMORANDA FOR GENERAL MAXWELL AND D.D. THOMAS CONCERNING THE SST PROGRAM..
T2  - MEMORANDA FOR GENERAL MAXWELL AND D.D. THOMAS CONCERNING THE SUPERSONIC TRANSPORT PROGRAM
PY  - 1969
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Supersonic transport planes
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/585346
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888541
AU  - SULZER, RICHARD L
AU  - PAPROCKI, THOMAS H
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FLIGHT TEST AND EVALUATION OF HELIPORT LIGHTING FOR VFR.
PY  - 1969
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Heliports
KW  - Landing aids
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579632
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888543
AU  - KILPATRICK, GEORGE A
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - FAA-RD REPORT;
AU  - DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION.
TI  - ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON AIRPORT PAVEMENT GROOVE PATTERNS.
PY  - 1969
IS  - NO. 69-37
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Design
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Testing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579634
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888007
AU  - PHILLIPS, CECIL B
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - RETRO-REFLECTIVE MARKERS AS TAXIWAY VISUAL AIDS: INTERIM REPORT.
PY  - 1969
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Reflectorized materials
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579509
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00887944
AU  - WEINSTEIN, BERNARD
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - TEST AND EVALUATE RUNWAY ALIGNMENT INDICATOR LIGHT (RAIL) FOR ASPPROACH GUIDANCE: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1969
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579499
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00839271
AU  - BUCKLEY, EDWARD P
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE INDICES FOR THE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM.
PY  - 1969
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Evaluation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/532035
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00839269
AU  - SNYDER, RICHARD G
AU  - YOUNG, JOSEPH W
AU  - SNOW, CLYDE C
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EXPERIMENTAL IMPACT PROTECTION WITH ADVANCED RESTRAINT SYSTEMS: PRELIMINARY PRIMATE TESTS WITH AIR BAG AND INERTIA REEL/INVERTED-Y YOKE TORSO HARNESS.
PY  - 1969
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aeronautics
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Safety harness (Aeronautics)
KW  - Shoulder harnesses
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/532033
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01454141
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - Flying W Productions, Inc.
TI  - All It Takes Is Once (Video)
PY  - 1968
AB  - This video depicts the serious flight hazard of mental distraction, and shows how pilots can be distracted in flight by preoccupation with personal problems. Five psychological problems frequently encountered by general aviation pilots are presented.
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Distraction
KW  - General aviation pilots
KW  - Stress (Psychology)
UR  - http://archive.org/details/gov.ntis.ava05441vnb1
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1222781
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00911384
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - REGISTERED GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT BY COMMUNITY SIZE, 1963-1968..
PY  - 1968
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Private aircraft
KW  - Registration
KW  - Statistics
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/585311
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888538
AU  - SPERRY, WILLIAM C
AU  - FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, OFFICE OF NOISE ABATEMENT
TI  - AIRCRAFT NOISE EVALUATION: TECHNICAL REPORT.
PY  - 1968
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Evaluation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579629
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00887992
AU  - HIERING, WILLIAM A
AU  - GRISEL, CHARLES R
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FRICTION EFFECTS OF RUNWAY GROOVES, RUNWAY 18-36, WASHINGTON NATIONAL AIRPORT: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1968
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Asphalt concrete pavements
KW  - Design
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Skid resistance
KW  - Testing
KW  - Washington Metropolitan Area
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579505
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00887987
AU  - ROSSITER, SIDNEY B
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - GRAPHIC SIMULATION STUDY OF SITES FOR A THIRD CHICAGO METROPOLITAN AIRPORT.
PY  - 1968
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Chicago Metropolitan Area
KW  - Location
KW  - Planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579502
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00564133
AU  - BULFORD, D E
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - COLLISION AVOIDANCE;: A BIBLIOGRAPHY, 1955-SEPTEMBER 1968
PY  - 1968
SP  - 166 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aeronautics
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Bibliographies
KW  - Crash avoidance systems
KW  - Safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/324851
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00427741
AU  - Mohler, S R
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS BY OLDER PERSONS
PY  - 1967/10
SP  - 5 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aeronautics
KW  - Aged
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - Crashes
KW  - Health
KW  - Physical condition
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/240814
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073831
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AVIATION DEMAND AND AIRPORT FACILITY REQUIREMENT FORECASTS FOR LARGE AIR TRANSPORTATION HUBS THROUGH 1980
PY  - 1967/08
AB  - This report presents forecasts of long-range airport aviation demand and selected airport facility requirements at the Nation's large air transportation hubs as developed by the FAA's Airports Service. The forecasts are designed for use in advance planning of the physical, as well as financial, airport facility development required to meet the air transportation needs of 1980.
KW  - Airport forecasts
KW  - Airports
KW  - Demand
KW  - Economic forecasting
KW  - Forecasting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24544
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01359637
AU  - Collins, William E
AU  - Guedry, Fred E
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Adaptation to Vestibular Disorientation V. Eye-Movement and Subjective Turning Responses to Two Durations of Angular Acceleration
PY  - 1967/05
SP  - 16p
AB  - During prolonged angular acceleration, inertial torque defects the capula but the deflection is eventually balanced, primarily by the capula’s elastic restorative force.  Assuming that cupula displacement from its position of static equilibrium controls the magnitude of vestibular reactions, a prolonged angular acceleration should, according to the Torsion-Pendulum theory yield an increasing response for about 20-30 seconds; this response level should be maintained without decline as long as the angular acceleration continues. Several authors have reported that the subjective velocity rises and declines during prolonged angular acceleration, contrary to theoretical expectations. It has been shown that the temporal period required for the subjective reaction to peak (and then decline) was about constant at 27 seconds for angular accelerations ranging in magnitude from 0.5 to 2°/sec². Subsequent experiments showed this is true for stimuli up to 4°/sec². The experiments in this paper seek to compare cat and man in regard to several characteristics of nystagmic response elicited by two durations of a 4°/sec² angular acceleration.
KW  - Angular acceleration
KW  - Experiments
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Spatial disorientation
KW  - Torsion tests
KW  - Vestibular response
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/42000/42800/42887/AM67-06.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1125662
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073110
AU  - O'Liddy, G E
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - COST/BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF SHORT TAKEOFF AND LANDING (STOL) AND VERTICAL TAKEOFF AND LANDING (VTOL) AIR TRANSPORTATION FOR THE UNITED STATES
PY  - 1967/01/20
AB  - The availability of public transportation to meet the needs of a growing population has been, and will continue to be, a major factor in the economic development of the country. One of the responsibilities of the Federal Aviation Agency is to identify the role of civil aviation in meeting the nation's transportation requirements--in part with respect to the use of Short Take Off and Landing (STOL) and Vertical Take Off and Landing V/TOL aircraft.  The use of STOL and VTOL aircraft could involve the introduction  of a completely new high density mass transportation system in the 1970's. The Contractor's analytical effort hereunder shall be directed toward the evaluation of the utility of introducing STOL and VTOL air transport systems beginning in the middle 1970's.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Demand
KW  - Economic forecasting
KW  - Short takeoff aircraft
KW  - STOL aircraft
KW  - VTOL aircraft
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24466
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888405
AU  - BALZO, JOSEPH M DEL
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF ESTABLISHING AN ALL WEATHER V/STOL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM: A THESIS.
PY  - 1967
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - United States
KW  - VTOL aircraft
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579595
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00888008
AU  - MARSCHALL, FRED
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - RADIOACTIVE TAXI GUIDANCE TEST CATEGORY III GROUND GUIDANCE EQUIPMENT: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1967
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Transportation markings
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/579510
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00825720
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ANNUAL REPORT OF OPERATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL AIRPORT ACT..
PY  - 1967
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Periodicals
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/515904
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00564125
AU  - COBB, B B
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHRONOLOGICAL AGE, LENGTH OF EXPERIENCE, AND JOB PERFORMANCE RATINGS OF AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL SPECIALISTS
PY  - 1967
SP  - 9 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air traffic controllers
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/324845
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073599
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - NEW APPROACH TO AIR SAFETY STATISTICS
PY  - 1966/11
AB  - It is our purpose here to show that any single number, no matter upon what basis computed, is logically insufficient for an adequate analysis of air safety; a meaningfuel aand revealing evaluation requires at least three independent rates.
KW  - Air transportation crashes
KW  - Airlines
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Crash investigation
KW  - Crashes
KW  - Statistics
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24503
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00239078
AU  - Annus, L K
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ACCESS TO AIRPORTS
PY  - 1966/08
AB  - THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY IS A PARTIALLY ANNOTATED COMPILATION OF SELECTED REFERENCES FROM 1963 TO DATE.  IT IS DIVIDED INTO SECTIONS ON AIR TRANSPORTATION, MOTOR TRANSPORTATION, RAIL TRANSPORTATION AND WATER TRANSPORTATION.
KW  - Access
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Airports
KW  - Bibliographies
KW  - Highway transportation
KW  - Railroad transportation
KW  - Water transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/131153
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073102
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - McDonnell Aircraft Corporation
TI  - TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF AIRCRAFT FOR INTERCITY SHORT-HAUL TRANSPORTATION - VOL. II
PY  - 1966/04
AB  - This report evaluates the potential airline use of STOL/VTOL aircraft to serve intercity short haul travelers. The air travel market in the California Corridor (Between Los Angeles and San Diego on the south and Sacramento and San Francisco on the north) was used for the study but the results would be generally applicable to other areas. Based on 1970 technology, four STOL and VTOL aircraft configurations were designed as 60-, 90-, and 120-passenger transports and developed for lowest operating costs for a 500-mile stage length. A conventional jet transport was used as a base of reference and a conventional helicopter was included for comparison. The special STOL/VTOL airports were located for passenger convenience and acceptable noise levels for the surrounding areas. To evaluate STOL/VTOL economic viability, STOL and VTOL airline service was simulated in the California Corridor in 1975 and in 1980, and then compared  with the conventional jet simulation in those years. It was found that the time savings and convenience provided by either STOL or VTOL airline service would enable STOL or VTOL to capture a substantial share of the short-haul air travel market when combined in a system with conventioal jets, and would induce additional air travel. This system would give a satisfactory return on investment The report is in three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary containing introduction, conclusions, and the summary of method and results Volume II develops each step in the method, and lists results in greater detail. Vol. III contains appendices .
KW  - California
KW  - California corridor
KW  - Central business districts
KW  - Costs
KW  - Intercity transportation
KW  - Short haul
KW  - Short takeoff aircraft
KW  - STOL aircraft
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - VTOL aircraft
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24463
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01454099
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - Flagg Films, Inc.
TI  - Density Altitude (Video)
PY  - 1966
AB  - This video follows a young married couple on a vacation flight from New Orleans to Lake Tahoe. In crossing the Rockies and the High Sierras, they learn the hard way about the effects of high altitude and temperature on light aircraft performance.
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Density altitude
KW  - High altitude
KW  - Small aircraft
KW  - Temperature
UR  - http://www.askacfi.com/1109/density-altitude.htm
UR  - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZCb6nw_T4U
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1222788
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00911507
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - GENERAL AVIATION OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR: STAFF STUDY..
PY  - 1966
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Local service airlines
KW  - Private flying
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/585342
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00860077
AU  - LEFKOWITZ, MATTHEW
AU  - SCHLATTER, ERNEST R
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AN ANALYSIS OF MODIFICATIONS TO RUNWAY VISUAL RANGE EQUIPMENT FOR LOW RVR VALUES: FINAL REPORT.
PY  - 1966
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Landing aids
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/522988
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00860076
AU  - GREEN, THOMAS H
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - DISCUSSION OF THE UTILITY OF AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING AIRCRAFT NOISE AND PREDICTING COMMUNITY RESPONSE.
PY  - 1966
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Public opinion
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/522987
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00859889
AU  - RWICHELL, N H
AU  - PHILLIPS, CECIL B
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - TESTING OF REFLECTIVE MARKERS FOR INDICATING THE THRESHOLD AND CENTERLINE OF RUNWAYS FOR SMALL AIRPORTS: INTERIM REPORT.
PY  - 1966
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Design
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Reflectorized materials
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Testing
KW  - Transportation markings
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/522922
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00839273
AU  - VON ROSENBERG, C W
AU  - KEEN, F R
AU  - MOHLER, STANLEY R
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - THE "STALL BARRIER" AS A NEW PREVENTIVE IN GENERAL AVIATION ACCIDENTS.
PY  - 1966
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aerodynamic stability
KW  - Indicators (Instruments)
KW  - Private flying
KW  - Stall
KW  - Warning signals
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/532037
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00401747
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN, UNITED STATES DELEGATION TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE REDUCTION OF NOISE AND DISTURBANCE CAUSED BY CIVIL AIRCRAFT
PY  - 1966
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airplanes
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Noise
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216063
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073959
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - POLICY STATEMENT OF THE FEDERAL AVIATION AGENCY
PY  - 1965/04
AB  - This statement of policy is intended to serve as a comprehensive and long-term guide for the Federal Aviation Agency in the accomplishment of its missions and in its relations with those it serves. It sets forth the basic principles which will guide the Agency in the conduct of its regulatory responsibilities and as builder and operator of a National Airspace System. With respect to regulatory principles, the policy statement affirms the Agency's obligation to regulate private conduct only to the extent required in the public interest; to recognize the right of the general public to be informed and to be heard; to place the regulatory hand evenly on persons similarly situated, while also recognizing differences in the rights and duties and operational requirements of the various segments of the aviation community; and to manage the airspace as a national resource in a manner which best serves the diverse requirements of military and civil users, and which also recognizes the interests of persons on the ground. With respect to the Agency's responsibility to build and operate a National Airspace System, the policy statement establishes the favorable balancing of benefit vs. cost as the basic test for Agency endeavor. It reiterates the Federal Government's policy of recovering through user charges Agency expenditures for activities which confer special benefits on identifiable individuals over and above benefits accruing to the public at large. Finally, the statement articulates the role of the Agency in promoting the development of civil aviation and providing essential defense services.
KW  - Government policies
KW  - National Airspace System
KW  - Policy
KW  - U.S. Federal Aviation Administration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24578
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00181936
AU  - Grom, R V
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF A SCINTILLATION DEVICE DESIGNED TO DETECT COBALT-60 IN SEEDED DETONATOR CAPS
PY  - 1965/03
SP  - 36 p.
AB  - Tests were conducted to determine the operating characteristics, capabilities, and limitations of a nuclear scintillation detection system developed by Catholic University of America for use in conjunction with the detection of Cobalt-60 in seeded explosive detonator caps. Results were generally favorable except for the inability of the device to detect rapidly moving sources and the relative ease with which a source might be shielded from the detector. (Author)
KW  - Attenuation
KW  - Bombs
KW  - Cobalt
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Detonation
KW  - Detonators
KW  - Radioisotopes
KW  - Scintillation counters
KW  - Shielding
KW  - Signals
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/75632
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00074327
AU  - Waldo, R K
AU  - Tilton, P D
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COMMERCIAL VTOL AND STOL TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
PY  - 1965/02
AB  - This report presents the results of Stanford Research Institute's economic analysis of commercial VTOL and STOL aircraft suitable for city-center service.  In this study, the design and performance requirements of of a commercially successful V/STOL aircraft are identified.  These are compared with the characteristics of V/STOL aircraft which may be available for service in 1975.  Based on this comparison, separate market estimates are provided for V/STOL aircraft meeting the specified requirements for those aircraft considered technically  feasible.  An analysis is then made of requirements for V/STOL ground facilities. Finally, an assessment is made of the national interest in commercial V/STOL development.
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Economic forecasting
KW  - Market research
KW  - Short takeoff aircraft
KW  - STOL aircraft
KW  - VTOL aircraft
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24629
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073093
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - McDonnell Aircraft Corporation
TI  - STOL-V/STOL CITY CENTER TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT STUDY
PY  - 1964/10/01
AB  - The objective of this report is to present the design, performance, weights, and direct operating costs of several STOL and V/STOL transport aircraft which could be made operational for passenger service between city centers in 1975. A number of STOL and V/STOL concepts were considered in the study.  From these, four concepts were selected for evaluation. Recurring and non-recurring costs are broken down into major units and assumptions are spelled out for determining the costs. Particular attention is given to adjusting Air Transport Association (ATA) methods of determining crew costs and maintenance to permit comparisons of direct operating costs(DOC) with existing airline operating costs.  DOC's are shown versus number of passengers for stage lengths of 50, 100, 200, 500, and 750 statute miles and for airplane buys of 50, 100 and 200 aircraft. Results of estimates of noise levels and noise profiles are shown for the four concepts with corrections in decibels for the various sizes of aircraft. The data contained in this report establish the STOL and V/STOL aircraft performance and direct operating costs necessary for Stanford Research Institute to complete an over-all economic feasibility study of city center-to-city center commercial operation in the 1975 time period.
KW  - Central business districts
KW  - Costs
KW  - Short haul
KW  - Short takeoff aircraft
KW  - STOL aircraft
KW  - VTOL aircraft
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24461
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00205319
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AIRPORT PAVING
PY  - 1964/06/10
AB  - THIS CIRCULAR GIVES AIRPORT PAVING GUIDANCE TO THE PUBLIC. THE PRINCIPLES DESCRIBED ARE ACCEPTABLE IN ACCOMPLISHING A PROJECT MEETING THE ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS OF THE FEDERAL- AID AIRPORT PROGRAM. DATA ARE PROVIDED FOR THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF PAVEMENTS AT CIVIL AIRPORTS, INCORPORATING THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN AC 150/5320-8 AND IN AIRPORT PAVING 1956 /AND THE 1962 REPRINT/.  THE PRINCIPAL CHANGES LISTED ARE' A/ NEW DESIGN CURVES FOR AIRCRAFT WEIGHING LESS THAN 30,000 POUNDS, B/ THE PORTION DEALING WITH REINFORCED CONCRETE IS EXPANDED, AND C/ A REDUCTION IN PAVEMENT THICK- NESS IS RECOMMENDED WHEN CEMENT TREATED BASE COURSE IS USED.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Bituminous pavements
KW  - Cement treated bases
KW  - Cement treated soils
KW  - Design
KW  - Design criteria
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Guides
KW  - Guides to information
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement thickness
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Paving
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Reinforced concrete pavements
KW  - Thickness
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/99331
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00404224
AU  - ARAD, B
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - NOTES ON THE MEASUREMENT OF CONTROL LOAD AND SECTOR DESIGN IN THE ENROUTE ENVIRONMENT
PY  - 1964/06
SP  - 162 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/219472
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073740
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - CLIMATIC STUDIES FOR PROPOSED LANDING SYSTEM FOR JOHN F. KENNEDY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
PY  - 1964/06
AB  - This report consists of 32 volumes of climatological data for 32 different major airports.  Ceiling, visibility, wind and weather information is grouped seasonally and  by various periods of the day.  Various weather categories are tabulated, in most cases from  10 years of data, to act as an aid in making decisions affecting the landing systems at these 32 air terminals.
KW  - Ceilings
KW  - John F. Kennedy International Airport
KW  - Meteorological data
KW  - Meteorological phenomena
KW  - Visibility
KW  - Weather forecasting
KW  - Wind
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24526
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00652760
AU  - Catalano, J
AU  - McKown, C
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - A STUDY OF REQUIREMENTS FOR A PILOT WARNING INSTRUMENT FOR VISUAL AIRBORNE COLLISION AVOIDANCE
PY  - 1963/12
SP  - 113 p.
AB  - The utility of information which would be provided by operational Pilot Warning Instruments (PWI) was studied experimentally in terms of the effect of PWI upon each stage of pilot activity occurring when a pilot is confronted by and intruder, viz., detection of the intruder, evaluation of the intruder threat, and the resulting avoidance maneuver. It was found that PWI improved the probability of detecting intruder aircraft.  The extent of improvement was directly related to the amount of the information it provided. In addition, earlier detection, as would occur from PWI information, resulted in earlier evaluation of intruder threat and in earlier maneuvering, when necessary.
KW  - Air pilots
KW  - Cockpit displays
KW  - Crash avoidance systems
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Requirements
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Warning systems
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/393022
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00554500
AU  - PAPROCKI, T H
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EVALUATION OF SIMPLIFIED APPROACH LIGHTING AIDS
PY  - 1963/11
SP  - 4 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Landing aids aeronautics
KW  - Lighting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/317114
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073049
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - U. S. SHORT HAUL PASSENGER-CARGO AIRCRAFT
PY  - 1963/10/11
AB  - The short-haul market in aviation has proven to be very difficult from an economical standpoint for both aircraft manufacturers and airline operators; however, the Administration and the Congress have stated that development of local service aviation is in the national interest. Therefore, the FFA continues to study how it may help further local service aviation. The market for short-haul aircraft has been dominated by surplus vehicles so that manufacturers have been reluctant to undertake the development of new aircraft that could better serve this specialized market. The FAA believes that the introduction of new small and economical short-haul aircraft in the local service operation can materially assist in the continuation and expansion of service to small communities by giving them modern aircraft at minimum cost.
KW  - Local service airlines
KW  - Market research
KW  - Short haul
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24453
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00554499
AU  - PAZERA, E E
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AN ANALYSIS OF REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPLACED THRESHOLD RUNWAY LIGHTING
PY  - 1963/05
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Lighting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/318549
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00911823
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (U.S.)
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
AU  - Systems Research and Development Service
TI  - SUMMARY PRESENTATION OF THE SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SERVICE PROGRAM..
PY  - 1963
AB  - No abstract provided.
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/585440
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402013
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - REPORTS TO THE SUPERSONIC TRANSPORT STEERING GROUP
PY  - 1963
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air transportation
KW  - Passenger traffic
KW  - Supersonic transport planes
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216109
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00554517
AU  - ALEO, J
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EVALUATION OF SNOW, ICE, AND SLUSH REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL EQUIPMENT FO WASHINGTON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
PY  - 1962/07
SP  - 21 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport
KW  - Slush
KW  - Snow removal
KW  - Washington (District of Columbia)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/317128
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00401904
AU  - GEOFFRION, D R
AU  - KIBARDIN, V M
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - STATISTICAL PRESENTATION OF OPERATIONAL LANDING PARAMETERS FOR TRANSPORT JET AIRPLANES
PY  - 1962/06
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Jet propelled aircraft
KW  - Landing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216090
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00403067
AU  - PHILLIPS, C B
AU  - TWICHELL, N H
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - INVESTIGATION OF DRILL TESTING FOR PANCAKE LIGHTS : FINAL REPORT
PY  - 1962/03
SP  - 39 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Landing aids aeronautics
KW  - Lighting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/215712
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402008
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - DIRECT OPERATING COSTS AND OTHER PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT IN AIRLINE SERVICE
PY  - 1962
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airlines
KW  - Operating costs
KW  - Periodicals
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Transport aircraft
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216106
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00091281
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - REPORT ON RULE-MAKING AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES: PROJECT TIGHTROPE
PY  - 1961/10
SP  - 30 p.
AB  - No Abstract.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Aviation safety
KW  - Civil aviation
KW  - Emergencies
KW  - Federal government
KW  - Regulations
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24086
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402994
AU  - OFFUTT, W J
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - STUDY OF MOBILE LOUNGE AND OTHER APRON TRAFFIC DELAYS AT WASHINGTON DULLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
PY  - 1961/01
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Intermodal terminals
KW  - Washington Dulles International Airport
KW  - Washington Metropolitan Area
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216284
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00950903
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - TERMINAL BUILDING FACILITIES PLANNED FOR DULLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT..
PY  - 1961
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport terminals
KW  - Washington Dulles International Airport
KW  - Washington Metropolitan Area
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/602066
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00403068
AU  - EGGERT, W E
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - APPROACH VISIBILITY STUDIES AT NEWARK : FINAL REPORT
PY  - 1960/09
SP  - 112 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Lighting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/215713
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073814
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AIRPORT TERMINAL BUILDINGS
PY  - 1960/09
AB  - The Federal Aviation Agency presents this design guide to assist airport developers, architects, and engineers in planning airport terminal buildings and associated facilities to meet current and expanding demands of air users.  Planners of airport ground facilities must recognize the aeronautical advances and transportation appetites of these users to match the degree of modernization attained by aircraft builders. Featured in the guide are discussions and recommendations on building space relationships, area requirements, noise control within the building, and building area planning. Information provided is intended to reduce but not eliminate research on the part of the architect, which is necessary to achieve an adequate, economical, and functional building.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Aprons
KW  - Baggage
KW  - Baggage terminals
KW  - Hangars
KW  - Intermodal terminals
KW  - Noise control
KW  - Passengers
KW  - Planning
KW  - Structural design
KW  - Terminal design
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24537
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00074092
AU  - Koetsch, J F
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - COMBINED LANDING AND TAKEOFF CAPACITY OF A SINGLE RUNWAY
PY  - 1960/09
AB  - This study presents a theoretical analysis of the landing capacity and the combined landing and take-off capacity of a single runway. Interrelationships of the following factors are studied--the separation between pairs of landing aircraft; the runway occupancy time of landing aircraft; the distance of the gate at the start of the approach path from the end of the runway; the variation in approach speeds and take-off speeds and the distance between the second landing aircraft and the taking-off aircraft.
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airspace capacity
KW  - Runway capacity
KW  - Runway spacing
KW  - Spacing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24606
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00403069
AU  - GATES, R F
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AN INTERIM REPORT ON RUNWAY TOUCHDOWN ZONE LIGHTING FOR DULLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
PY  - 1960/08
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Landing aids aeronautics
KW  - Lighting
KW  - Washington Dulles International Airport
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216297
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00403061
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FEASIBILITY TESTS OF AIRCRAFT-MOUNTED ARRESTING HOOK : FINAL REPORT
PY  - 1960/07
SP  - 21 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Landing aids
KW  - Landing aids aeronautics
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/215709
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00073829
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AIRPORT RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY DESIGN
PY  - 1960/07
AB  - Airport operations at numerous civil airports have been observed and measured.  The data have  been analyzed to identify the elements important to airport capacity and that cause delay to operations, and to identify and evaluate aircraft spacing intervals.
KW  - Airport capacity
KW  - Airport operations
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Airports
KW  - Design
KW  - Taxiways
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/24543
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402099
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - OPERATIONAL TEXT OF MARK X DECCA SYSTEM IN C-131 FIXED-WING AIRPLANE : FINAL REPORT, HELICOPTER OPERATIONS PROGRAM, PHASE I
PY  - 1960
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aircraft pilotage
KW  - Helicopters
KW  - Pilotage
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216116
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00912240
AU  - HINKELMAN, J W
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - METEROLOGICAL ENGINEERING AND AIR SPACE MANAGEMENT.
PY  - 1959
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aeronautics
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Aircraft pilotage
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/585614
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00825724
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ANNUAL REPORT OF OPERATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL AIRPORT ACT - FEDERAL AVIATION AGENCY..
PY  - 1959
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Periodicals
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/515907
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00825723
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ANNUAL REPORT OF OPERATIONS UNDER THE FEDERAL AIRPORT ACT..
PY  - 1959
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Periodicals
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/515906
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402892
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF AIRPORTS
PY  - 1959
SP  - 588 p.
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Airports
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Design
KW  - Specifications
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/215651
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00402098
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FINAL REPORT : HELICOPTER OPERATIONS PROGRAM, PHASE I
PY  - 1959
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Aircraft pilotage
KW  - Helicopters
KW  - Pilotage
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/216115
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00404025
AU  - Graham, F W
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AIR TRAFFIC SYSTEMS RESEARCH BY SIMULATION
PY  - 1959
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - Simulation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/221749
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00404054
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FAA TEAM STUDY OF R-484 & SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ATC PROBLEMS
PY  - 1959
AB  - No abstract provided.
KW  - Air traffic control
KW  - California
KW  - Los Angeles (California)
KW  - Southern California
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/221766
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01496638
AU  - Noel, George
AU  - Allaire, Doug
AU  - Jacobson, Stuart
AU  - Willcox, Karen
AU  - Cointin, Rebecca
TI  - Assessment of the Aviation Environmental Design Tool
SP  - 8p
AB  - A comprehensive Tools Suite to allow for thorough evaluation of the environmental effects and impacts of aviation is currently being developed by the United States. This suite consists of the Environmental Design Space (EDS), the Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT), and the  Aviation environmental Portfolio Management Tool (APMT). A key priority is that environmental analyses are informed with the associated uncertainty from the tools, inputs and assumptions used in the analysis process. As part of the development of the Tools Suite, an assessment of each tool and a system-wide analysis of the entire suite are being undertaken. This assessment includes sensitivity to inputs and fidelity analyses that will provide an indication of uncertainty in analyses performed using the Tools Suite. Completion of the assessment and evaluation effort described herein is a key element of the development process. This paper presents a summary of the Tools Suite assessment and  evaluation effort as it pertains to the AEDT component. AEDT takes detailed fleet descriptions and flight schedules and produces estimates of noise, fuel burn and emissions at global, regional and local levels. The AEDT component of the suite will be a publicly available regulatory tool within the U.S. This paper conveys the work completed so far and provides some insight into some of the findings.
U1  - Eighth USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development SeminarFederal Aviation AdministrationEUROCONTROLNapa,California,United States StartDate:20090600 EndDate:20090700 Sponsors:Federal Aviation Administration, EUROCONTROL
KW  - Aircraft noise
KW  - Aviation
KW  - Aviation Environmental Design Tool
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Uncertainty
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/47000/47900/47949/p_084_EI.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264123
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01075593
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Branch County Memorial Airport, proposed negative declaration : environmental impact statement
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Michigan
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/834987
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01073532
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - New Austin Airport alternative environmental assessment: environmental impact statement
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Texas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/832924
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01073528
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Harlingen Industrial Airpark, Harlingen, Texas: Environmental impact statement
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Texas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/832920
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01073514
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - Acquisition of land and relocation of households construction and development of new Clark County Airport, Jeffersonville, Indiana: environmental impact statement
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Indiana
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/832906
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01073502
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - MALS environmental impact study
KW  - Environmental impact statements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/832894
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320702
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - LOCATION IDENTIFIERS
PY  - 
AB  - Lists location identifiers (3-letter code, suggesting whenever possible, the location name that it represents) for the United States, and its possessions, and indicates, by means of asterisks, the United States international place name abbreviations (4-letter code used in international communications).  Each issue supersedes previous edition
KW  - Air
KW  - Coding systems
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158733
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320100
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - ACCIDENT, INCIDENT, VIOLATION INFORMATION
PY  - 
AB  - Info in this category describes the conditions surrounding the accident, incident, or violation.  This includes the circumstances, causes, malfunction, mechanical failures, deviations from established procecures, injuries, and principals involved (pilots).  No statistical incident information is aviilable; single incident report produced when requested. Info is obtained from FAA inspectors, pilots, and other crew members, ground crews, passengers, and witnesses.
KW  - Air
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158472
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320654
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - BIBLIOGRAPHY: AIRPORTS, 1977
PY  - 
AB  - This bibliography was prepared to illustrate input-output procedures that have been proposed for the implementation of an Air Transportation Research Information Service (ATRIS).  The proposed subject scope for ATRIS covers 21 areas that range from aircraft to travel and tourism.  The subject of airports was selected as the area for initial input to the ATRIS data base from which this bibliography has been produced.  The bibliography has 10 chapters on major aspects of airports, including access, environmental impact, planning and design, safety and security, operations, and management.  The bibliography contains nearly 800 references that represent initial input to the machine-readable ATRIS data base.  The implementation plan calls for extending the data base to full coverage of all subject areas and to provide both on-line and off-line services to the air transport community.  Many of the references were acquired from data bases held by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Technical Information Service, Engineering Index, and other information services.  Other references were prepared from documents held by various libraries and transportation centers.  Selections were made by staff of the Flight Transportation Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; final input and output processing was performed by Transportation Research Board information staff.  A major purpose for the bibliography is to inform ATRIS users of the services that might be provided and through feedback from recipients of the bibliography to learn more about the needs and wants of users of air transport information. This is prototype product of the Air Transportation Research Information Service (ATRIS).
KW  - Air
KW  - Bibliographies
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158711
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320101
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - WORLDWIDE CRIMINAL ACTS INVOLVING CIVIL AVIATION, (1974-PRESENT)
PY  - 
AB  - Annual report on worldwide aircraft hijackings, attack on airports and airline offices, explosive devices found, and related crimes, including geographical area, casualties, and property damage.
KW  - Air
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158473
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320583
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - EXPLOSIONS ABOARD AIRCRAFT
PY  - 
AB  - Semiannual tabulation of data on explosions aboard aircraft, 1949-    .  Contains an extended list showing date, location, circumstances, number of persons killed and injured, airline involved, type of aircraft, country of registry, and scheduled flight plan, for each incident; and 5 summary tables.
KW  - Air
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158687
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320585
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CIVIL AVIATION SECURITY PROGRAM (1974- )
PY  - 
AB  - Semiannual report to Congress on the Civil Aviation security program and the operation of airport passenger and baggage screening procedures.  Procedures were instituted to prevent aircraft hijackings and related crimes, and are administered through FAA Civil Aviation Security Service. Contains narrative report with text statistics on hijackings, passengers screened, weapons and dangerous articles detected, arrests, explosions and bomb threats, and international security measures and 15 charts and tables, as follows: 1-4.  Hijackings and hijacking attempts.  5-6.  Bomb threats against airports and aircraft.  7-8.  Characteristics of weapons detection devices and x-ray screening procedures, and number of units.  9.  Airline passenger screening results.  10-14. Survey and training activities.  15.  Compliance and enforcement actions.  First 2 reports were titled "Report to Congress on the Effectiveness of Passenger Screening Procedures".
KW  - Air
KW  - Commodities
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158689
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320591
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - SURVEY TO DETERMINE THE PERCENT OF PASSENGER AIRCRAFT DEPARTURES CARRYING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, 1974
PY  - 
AB  - Report estimating percent of all U.S. commercial air carrier passenger and cargo flights carrying hazardous and radioactive materials.  Contains explanation of methodology and 4 summary tables showing percent of passenger and cargo departures with hazardous and with radioactive materials, by type of carrier (domestic, commercial, supplemental, air taxi, and FAR121 and 135) and for selected airports ranked by percentage of departures. Data are based on a random sample of cargo load manifests of all operators in 50 states and D.C. Jan-April 1974.
KW  - Air
KW  - Passenger transportation
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158694
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320043
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - AIRCRAFT HIJACKING STATISTICS (1961-PRESENT)
PY  - 
AB  - Summary report on U.S. and worldwide aircraft hijacking attempts and legal disposition of hijackers.  Covers circumstances of incident, destination, outcome, casualties and identity of hijackers where known.  A chronological listing of worldwide hijacking attempts (1931 - present) and U.S. aircraft hijacking attempts (1961-present).
KW  - Air
KW  - International transportation
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158455
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00320559
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - FAA INFORMATION SOURCE GUIDE
PY  - 
AB  - The guide provides identification of information categories and the designated office of primary interest (OPI) for each, who is responsible for developing, maintaining, and releasing the information.  Also points to an organizational element of FAA to obtain assistance.  Major information categories are:  accident/incident/violation; accounting and audit; air agency; aircraft; airman; airports; airspace; aviation activity, aviation forecast, FAA aircraft management, facilities, medical research, R&D project management.
KW  - Air
KW  - Bibliographies
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/158681
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00183881
AU  - Federal Aviation Administration
TI  - TIPS ON HOW TO USE THE FLIGHT PLANNER
PY  - 
SP  - n.p.
AB  - Instructions are provided on how to prepare a flight plan using a special form (the "Flight Planner") developed by FAA, the General Aviation Manufacturers Association, and Ohio State University, with emphasis on what meteorological information obtained from a briefing is necessary in order to make the proper (go - no go) decision.  A listing of symbols commonly used in aviation weather forecasting and report is included for use in filling out the form.
KW  - Flight planning
KW  - Flight plans
KW  - General aviation
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Meteorological data
KW  - Meteorological phenomena
KW  - Training
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/78718
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 00155609
AU  - East Central Florida Regional Planning Council
TI  - METROPOLITAN AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT POLICY STUDY-CAPE KENNEDY REGIONAL AIRPORT, MELBOURNE, FLORIDA. TECHNICAL REPORT
PY  - 
SP  - 118 p.
AB  - This report is an analysis of the relationship between noise generated by aircraft operations and the use of affected land surrounding the John F. Kennedy Regional Airport in Melbourne, Florida.  It includes a presentation of current land use information and the prospects for change. Proposals have been developed to encourage and enable the local governments involved to achieve compatible development through cooperative intergovernmental measures: comprehensive planning, capital improvement programming, mapping, zoning, annexation, land acquisition.  The ecological impact is considered in a separate section.
KW  - Aircraft noise
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Cape Canaveral (Florida)
KW  - Capital
KW  - Capital improvements
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Improvements
KW  - Intergovernmental relations
KW  - Land use
KW  - Local government
KW  - Mapping
KW  - Noise control
KW  - Noise generation
KW  - Noise reduction
KW  - Noise sources
KW  - Policy
KW  - Zoning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/49308
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544605
AU  - Salomon, Abraham Lama
AU  - Moen, Cristopher D
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Structural Design Guidelines for Concrete Bridge Decks Reinforced with Corrosion-Resistant Reinforcing Bars
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 51p
AB  - This research program develops and validates structural design guidelines and details for concrete bridge decks with corrosion-resistant reinforcing (CRR) bars. A two-phase experimental program was conducted where a control test set consistent with a typical Virginia Department of Transportation bridge deck design using Grade 60 steel (ASTM A615, fy = 60 ksi) and epoxy-coated reinforcing steel was compared to deck slab specimens where Grade 60 is replaced with CRR bars. The experimental program was designed to evaluate how flexural performance at service and ultimate limit states are affected by a one-to-one replacement of Grade 60 with CRR bars, a reduction of concrete clear cover, and a reduction in rebar  size. Structural analysis models were developed using Response 2000 in order to predict the CRR bridge deck moment-curvature and the moment-crack width relationships. Experimental trends proved to be consistent with the analytical results demonstrating the viability of Response 2000 as a design tool for reinforced concrete with high-strength and nonmetallic rebar without a defined yield plateau. For reduced bar size and clear cover (2.00 in instead 2.50 in), ASTM A1035 and UNS S32304 specimens proved to have similar deformability ratios and crack widths that comply with current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) requirements, with as much as 36% less steel.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion resistance
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Reinforcing bars
KW  - Steel
KW  - Structural analysis
KW  - Structural design
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/15-r10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330762
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544604
AU  - Chaudhary, Nadeem A
AU  - Charara, Hassan A
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa R
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of NTCIP-Based Portable Traffic Signal Evaluation System
PY  - 2014/10//Technical Report
SP  - 86p
AB  - The objective of this project was to develop a custom toolbox for monitoring and troubleshooting operational issues and faults at signalized intersections and diamond interchanges, and for providing a mechanism to facilitate signal timing optimization using third-party optimization programs. This report describes work conducted by Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI) researchers to achieve the above objectives, which resulted in three software modules: (1) a monitoring module that uses National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocols (NTCIP) messages to monitor and record real-time statuses of events in a traffic controller and logs collected and processed data for later use, (2) an analysis module that generates various easy-to-interpret reports to allow assessment of controller event data, and (3) an update module that reads optimized signal timing from a selected universal traffic data format (UTDF file) and uses NTCIP messages to download these timing data to a controller. The report also describes in-lab and field testing that researchers conducted to verify the operations of these modules.
KW  - Diamond interchanges
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation Systems Protocol
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Signalized intersections
KW  - Software
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic signal timing
KW  - Traffic signals
KW  - Troubleshooting
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6775-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329631
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544591
AU  - Llorens, Jared J
AU  - Richardson, James A
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - National Center for Intermodal Transportation for Economic Competitiveness
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Economic Impact Analysis of Short Line Railroads
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 48p
AB  - This research project assesses the economic role and impact of short line railroads in the state of Louisiana. While relatively small in scope, with 11 operators and approximately 500 miles of track, short line railroads play a significant role in supporting the state’s core economic drivers. Overall, short line railroads are small, but significant components of the state’s business connections since the primary  purpose of these rail lines is to move commodities from Louisiana producers, via rail, to national and international markets and vice versa. This report addresses a number of key factors related to their overall economic impact upon the state’s economy, including the regional economic impact of the short line railroads. First described is the scope and presence of the eleven short line railroads currently operating  in the state of Louisiana, paying particular attention to their role in facilitating the transportation of goods to and from Class I railroads. Second, a detailed description of the broader economic contribution of short line railroads in Louisiana, focusing on key economic metrics such as employment levels, parish presence and industries served, as well as estimates of the economic impact of the short line railroads on the state and selected regions of the state, is provided. In this section, the fact that short line railroads account for approximately 1,821 direct and indirect jobs in the state, many of which are located in parishes with limited employment opportunities, is highlighted. More importantly, short line railroads directly support the State’s leading industries (i.e., agriculture, oil and gas, etc.) which represent the major drivers of the State’s overall economy. These major industries support over 260,000 jobs in the Louisiana economy or close to 15 percent of all jobs in the state. In addition, these core industries create the opportunity for other businesses to be successful. In this section, also addressed are possible alternatives to short line rail operations and their environmental and economic impact. Lastly, short line policies (e.g., grant programs for capital improvements) that should be considered by the state of Louisiana in order to accommodate the flow of goods using railways in the state is explored. These policies are drawn from short line rail policies that have been crafted by other states, but are related to the unique short line issues in Louisiana.
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Employment
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Industries
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Policy
KW  - Short line railroads
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/FR_527.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330376
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544582
AU  - Liu, Jenny
AU  - Zhang, Xiong
AU  - Chamberlain, Andrew
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Financial Impact of Fines in the Unbound Pavement Layers
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 129p
AB  - This study continued the research effort on evaluating the resilient behavior of D-1 base course materials when there is limited water access during freezing. D-1 material from the Northern region of Alaska was used, and a closed system was adopted for the specimen preparation process to represent an extreme natural freezing process condition in which no water intake occurs during freezing. Resilient moduli (MR) of soil specimens were measured and influencing factors investigated included four fines contents ranging from 6% to 12%, three moisture contents ranging from 3.3% to 6%, three temperature gradients (low, medium, and high) during the freezing process, and a series of temperatures ranging from -5°C to 20°C.  The study confirmed several findings from previous study (Li et al. 2010). In addition, it was found that temperature gradient and stress state are important influencing factors. In a closed system, for D-1 materials with different fines contents, soils tended to increase in MR after a freeze-thaw cycle, in some cases significantly, due to soil structure change during the freezing process. MR models were then calibrated to predict the resilient behavior of D-1 material under different temperature, moisture, and fines contents and under both non-frozen and frozen conditions.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Fines (Materials)
KW  - Freeze thaw tests
KW  - Modulus of resilience
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Pavement layers
KW  - Temperature
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/revised-final-Fines-report-10-09-14-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331606
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544581
AU  - Martinez, Mark
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Rideability Of A Deflected Bridge Approach Slab (LTRC Project 02-2GT Continuation: Phase II)
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 165p
AB  - This report presents the findings associated with an effort to develop a complementary pavement  roughness indexing system that utilizes the 25 ft. Moving Baselength Roughness Index (IRI₂₅-ft)  alongside the posted speed localized roughness index (LRIPS) to find, index, and detect the types of  bumps that appear on Louisiana highways. Currently established pavement roughness indices, such as  ride number (RN), profile index (PI), and international roughness index (IRI), cannot effectively locate  the position of bumps on the pavement due to inherent limitations. The complimentary index being  proposed is intended to overcome these limitations. The IRI₂₅-ft represents a methodology that the pavement indexing community has begun to utilize to evaluate bumps. For the purposes of this research, it is to be employed to index bump magnitude. The LRIPS was developed in a previous study carried out at the Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC). For the purposes of this research, it is to be employed to locate the position of bumps on roadways and to identify bump type like faults and angle changes.
KW  - Bridge approaches
KW  - Indexing
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Ride quality
KW  - Roughness
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/FR_531.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329741
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544572
AU  - Aubeny, Charles P
AU  - Biscontin, Giovanna
AU  - Huang, Jie
AU  - Bin-Shafique, Sazzad
AU  - Dantal, Vishal S
AU  - Sadat, Rafat
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design Parameters and Methodology for Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Walls
PY  - 2014/10//Technical Report
SP  - 356p
AB  - Since its appearance in 1970s, mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls have become a majority among all types of retaining walls due to their economics and satisfactory performance. The Texas Department of  Transportation (TxDOT) has primarily adopted the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and American  Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) guidelines for the design of MSE  walls. Researchers (1) conducted laboratory tests on backfill materials and the statistical analysis to  determine variability of soil properties (such as friction angle and unit weight) for soils meeting the TxDOT  specifications, (2) performed Monte Carlo simulation using the determined soil property variation to assess the effect of spatial variability of material properties on the calculated factor of safety on sliding and  overturning, (3) carried out numerical analysis using a Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC)  program to investigate possible failure modes under conditions of complicated geometries and rapid  drawdown, and (4) evaluated the effect of precast panel on the compound failure analysis. Researchers  evaluated design parameters for sliding analysis recommended by AASHTO and recommended modified  design parameters calculated from FLAC simulations for different geometries and for different soil  parameters. Similarly, a parametric study was performed to address issues related to bearing capacity for  MSE walls and justify AASHTO recommendation with German code (EBGEO) for MSE walls.
KW  - Backfill soils
KW  - Bearing capacity
KW  - Design
KW  - Earth walls
KW  - Lagrangian functions
KW  - Mechanically stabilized earth
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Numerical analysis
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Statistical analysis
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6716-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329898
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544566
AU  - Quiroga, Cesar
AU  - Sharma, Sushant
AU  - Meyland, Mary
AU  - Texas Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Costs to Process and Manage Utility and Driveway Permits
PY  - 2014/10
SP  - 145p
AB  - Reviewing and processing utility and driveway permits at the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) requires a considerable amount of involvement and coordination by TxDOT personnel, both at the district and division levels. Currently, TxDOT absorbs the entire cost to review, process, and archive utility and driveway permits regardless of type of permit application, proposed project scale, or required TxDOT resources involved. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the time and costs to process various types of utility and driveway permits, evaluate potential fee alternatives, determine the feasibility of transferring permitting responsibilities to local jurisdictions, and develop recommendations for access management compliance. To estimate the costs, the researchers conducted extensive interviews with TxDOT districts and divisions to characterize the permitting process and collected permit data from multiple sources. The costs estimation included direct labor, equipment, information technology, and office cost categories, as well as some costs associated with coordination activities that are directly relevant to the permitting function. Data availability enabled a differentiation between simple and complex utility permits as well as a differentiation between residential and nonresidential driveway permits. With this information, the researchers examined potential fee alternatives to cover permit administrative costs. Based on feedback from districts and divisions, the researchers concluded that transferring utility permits to local jurisdictions was not feasible given the current utility permitting structure at TxDOT. However, transferring driveway permitting to local jurisdictions is feasible under certain conditions. The researchers conducted four regional stakeholder workshops to discuss and fine-tune the research findings and recommendations.
KW  - Access control (Transportation)
KW  - Costs
KW  - Driveways
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Fees
KW  - Permits
KW  - Public utilities
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Workshops
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329839
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544560
AU  - Sargand, Shad
AU  - Khoury, Issam
AU  - Gray, Jayson
AU  - Al-Jhayyish, Anwer
AU  - Ohio University, Athens
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Incorporating Chemical Stabilization of the Subgrade in Pavement Design and Construction Practices
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 124p
AB  - The objectives of this study were to determine how to incorporate the increase in stiffness of stabilized  subgrade in the design of (Flexible?) pavement, and to examine the longevity of subgrade stabilization. Pavement sites that included stabilized subgrade across the state of Ohio were selected for field measurements. The field work included measurements made with portable seismic properties analyzer (PSPA), falling weight deflectometer (FWD), core collection, and dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) at multiple locations at each site. Original construction records, soil logs, and soil classification data were consulted as well. The FWD and DCP data were used to determine the resilient moduli and layer coefficients of aggregate base and stabilized subgrade and the resilient modulus of the unstabilized subgrade. Several methods of data analysis were used, including back calculation using finite element  modeling from the FWD data and estimation of modulus from the DCP data and soil classification using procedures given in the 1993 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide for Design of Pavement Structures, Ohio Department of Transportation's (ODOT’s) Pavement Design Manual, and a report for ODOT written by Eddie Chou [2004]. As borne out by FWD and DCP measurements, both cement stabilization and lime stabilization resulted in significant long term increases in the modulus of the stabilized subgrade relative to the unstabilized subgrade. The modulus and stiffness of the base is also increased because it is confined by the stabilized soil underneath and the pavement on top. The significant increase in the modulus of the base and stabilized subgrade has an impact on the thickness design of pavement.
KW  - Dynamic Cone Penetrometer
KW  - Falling weight deflectometers
KW  - Layer coefficient (Pavements)
KW  - Modulus of resilience
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Stiffness
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
UR  - http://worldcat.org/webharvest/ArcViewerRedirect.jsp?volumeid=h1421091039365
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331204
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544538
AU  - Diefenderfer, Stacey D
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing a Laboratory Protocol for Asphalt Binder Recovery
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 28p
AB  - Asphalt binder extraction and recovery are common laboratory procedures used to provide material for research and quality assurance testing. The most common methods of recovery performed today include the Abson method and the rotary evaporator (or Rotavap) method. The purpose of this study was to compare the Rotavap method proposed for use at the asphalt binder laboratory of the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research (VCTIR) to the Abson method currently in use at the asphalt materials laboratory of the Virginia Department of Transportation Materials Division to provide for continuity in test results. Blank determinations were produced, recovered, and tested to provide comparative data for the two methods of recovery. In addition, base binders used in the production of the blank determinations were tested under the same conditioning protocols as those for the recovered binder to provide baseline data. Analysis of the test data indicated that using both the Rotavap and Abson methods affected the resultant binder properties; however, the impacts were similar for both methods. There were few significant  differences between the test results using the two methods, and neither method was found to result in any change in the resultant binder grade of a recovered binder as compared to that of the base binder. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the Rotavap method provides recovered binders that are comparable to those recovered using the Abson method. It was recommended that VCTIR continue to use the Rotavap method to recover binders and proceed with efforts to become accredited by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Materials Reference Laboratory in the use of Rotavap recovery.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Evaporators
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/15-r7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329322
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544533
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improvements to Rural Intersections To Improve Motorist Compliance
PY  - 2014/10//Technical Report
SP  - 50p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has placed improving safety as one of its top objectives. Improving safety in rural intersections is a means to improve roadway safety especially in rural districts such as the districts in West Texas. The Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI) in consultation with TxDOT engineers developed a low-cost system that can be configured with off the shelf components and can be installed fairly easily. The system uses wireless sensors to complete contact closures in a cabinet that was built by TTI researchers to activate beacons on the Stop sign and Stop Ahead sign when a vehicle is arriving on a stop-controlled approach. The system also would keep the beacons on the Stop sign flashing till the vehicle at the Stop Bar leaves the intersection. The system was demonstrated at the Pecos Test Track. A TxDOT expert panel reviewed the system both during daytime and nighttime. The expert panel was overall supportive of the system, made some recommendations for improving the system, and was interested in implementing the system in their districts. The system was implemented at an intersection near Pecos. Based on panel’s recommendation a system that would activate the beacons on the Stop sign if vehicle speed is above a user defined threshold was also designed, implemented, and demonstrated to the district engineers.
KW  - Flashing beacons
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Stop signs
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic signs
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/9-1529-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329919
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544526
AU  - Taylor, Peter
AU  - Wang, Xuhao
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
TI  - Concrete Pavement Mixture Design and Analysis (MDA): Factors Influencing Drying Shrinkage
PY  - 2014/10
SP  - 29p
AB  - This literature review focuses on factors influencing drying shrinkage of concrete. Although the factors are normally interrelated, they can be categorized into three groups: paste quantity, paste quality, and other factors.
KW  - Cement paste
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Drying
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Shrinkage
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/shrinkage_lit_rvw_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330378
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01544523
JO  - Hydraulic Engineering Circular
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Douglass, Scott L
AU  - Webb, Bret M
AU  - Kilgore, Roger
AU  - Kilgore Consulting & Management
AU  - South Coast Engineers
TI  - Highways in the Coastal Environment: Assessing Extreme Events
PY  - 2014/10
IS  - 25 (Volume 2)
SP  - 149p
AB  - This manual provides technical guidance and methods for assessing the vulnerability of coastal transportation facilities to extreme events and climate change. This is a standalone supplement, a "Volume 2," to the existing, primary Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Hydraulic Engineering Circular (HEC) manual: "Highways in the Coastal Environment," HEC-25 (2nd edition, FHWA 2008). The focus of this supplement is quantifying exposure to sea level rise, storm surge, and waves considering climate change. It is anticipated that there will be multiple uses for this guidance including risk and vulnerability assessments, planning activities, and design procedure development. The critical coast processes controlling the vulnerability of transportation assets to extreme events are identified by region along with some available methods for modeling them and the likely impacts of climate change. Global sea level rise, including projections of future sea levels, is emphasized because of its importance. Tools for developing vulnerability assessments for coastal transportation infrastructure are described within the framework of engineering risk. Storm damage mechanisms, often exacerbated by sea level rise and climate change, are described. Adaptation approaches for coastal transportation infrastructure are also described. Many of the adaptations required for climate change and sea level rise are the same adaptations required for improving infrastructure resilience to extreme events with today's sea levels. Specific approaches for assessing exposure of coastal infrastructure to extreme events and climate change are presented in three different "levels of effort" ranging from use of available data to original numerical modeling. The inclusion of trained coastal scientists and engineers in the analysis team is suggested at all levels of effort. Three case studies from the existing literature on coastal vulnerability assessments to extreme events and climate change are described. Coastal transportation infrastructure is highly exposed to extreme events today and that exposure is likely to increase with sea level rise and climate change.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Coasts
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Sea level
KW  - Storm surges
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/pubs/nhi14006/nhi14006.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331202
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01543132
JO  - Transportation Research E-Circular
PB  - Transportation Research Board
AU  - Turnbull, Katherine F
TI  - Developing Freight Fluidity Performance Measures: Supply Chain Perspective on
Freight System Performance. Summary of a Workshop, May 21-22, 2014, Washington, D.C.
PY  - 2014/10
IS  - E-C187
SP  - 64p
AB  - The freight transportation system is key to the global competitiveness of the United States. While the performance of the freight system is invisible to most Americans, it is a major concern to businesses, manufacturers, shippers, carriers, and network managers. The multimodal freight transportation system is managed and operated by a variety of public and private entities that monitor and measure system performance in different ways. The Transportation Research Board, in collaboration with the Federal Highway Administration Office of Freight Management and Operations, hosted a workshop to examine freight fluidity as a measure of overall supply chain performance and to explore its use in managing and improving the performance of the freight system. The workshop was held May 21–22, 2014,  in Washington, D.C. The workshop brought together public agency personnel and private-sector supply chain managers to share information on monitoring and measuring different elements of the freight transportation system. The opportunities and challenges involved in expanding the use of the freight fluidity concept were discussed by participants. The workshop included general sessions and breakout sessions. The first general session focused on private-sector perspectives on measuring supply chain performance. The Canadian experience with developing and using freight system fluidity measures was featured in the second general session. Speakers in the third session presented examples of applying freight fluidity in the United States. Breakout sessions provided participants with the opportunity to discuss stakeholders and users, scalability, performance measures, data characteristics, and research needs to help advance the development and use of freight fluidity.  This document presents the proceedings from the workshop. The major topics addressed by speakers in the general sessions and the discussions in breakout sessions are summarized.
U1  - Developing Freight Fluidity Performance Measures:  Supply Chain Perspective on Freight System Performance WorkshopTransportation Research BoardFederal Highway AdministrationWashington,District of Columbia StartDate:20140521 EndDate:20140522 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Canada
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Private enterprise
KW  - Supply chain management
KW  - Trade routes
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - United States
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/171541.aspx
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330174
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01543113
AU  - Gros, Stéphane
AU  - Lee, Jon
AU  - Goodman, Daniel
AU  - Park, Brian
AU  - Pumphrey, Melissa
AU  - Erickson, Tim
AU  - Johnson, Michael
AU  - HDR
AU  - Montana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Impact of Canadian Economic Development on Northern Montana Highways Phase II, Ports of Wild Horse and Morgan Highway Corridors
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 230p
AB  - The purpose of this study is to determine whether highway infrastructure in Montana is adequate to support future expected growth in traffic resulting from economic development in Canada, and a number of potential changes in border operations, industry structure and freight-related policy. Historical data on cross-border traffic, empirical findings from existing research, interviews with selected industry representatives and subject matter experts, as well as professional judgment, were used to: i) provide an overview of the regional economy, highlighting threats and opportunities for future economic development and growth in international trade; ii) develop forecasts of cross-border commodity flows and commercial traffic under alternative scenarios and economic growth assumptions; iii) document existing conditions along two highway corridors connecting US 2 with the Canadian border, namely the S-232 corridor between US 2 and Wild Horse, and the US 191 corridor between US 2 and Morgan; and iv) assess whether existing highway infrastructure along these corridors was adequate to accommodate future expected traffic levels. A number of conclusions could be reached. First, it is anticipated that existing highway infrastructure in Montana will be adequate to handle the potential increase in overall traffic, as well as the potential increase of truck traffic for both corridors of interest. Second, should the existing pavement and geometric conditions be maintained, the expected increase in annual average daily traffic (AADT) and truck percentages should not degrade the weighted traffic operations below free-flow conditions (LOS A); although individual locations within the corridor may experience higher degradation in operations than the overall weighted average operations. Third, traffic operations along the highway segments immediately adjacent to the ports are expected to remain below free-flow conditions through 2032. Only under the most aggressive growth scenario would traffic conditions south of Wild Horse deteriorate below LOS A in the busiest hour, in 2028.
KW  - Annual average daily traffic
KW  - Canada
KW  - Commodity flow
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Highway corridors
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - International trade
KW  - Level of service
KW  - Montana
KW  - Ports of entry
KW  - Traffic growth
KW  - Truck traffic
KW  - United States-Canada Border
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/research_proj/canada_impact_nhwy/final_report2_oct14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329095
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01543010
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Phased-Array Ultrasonic Testing Acceptability Criteria (Phase II)
PY  - 2014/10
SP  - 12p
AB  - This document is a technical summary of the unpublished Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) report "Development of Phased-Array Ultrasonic Testing Acceptability Criteria (Phase II)." The preliminary technical approach and scan plans developed during phase I of this research was implemented on testing four butt-weld specimens. The ray path analysis carried out to develop the scan plans and the preliminary data analysis indicated the need to carry out a minimum of two scans at different index points to enable complete volume coverage of the weld, particularly for thick weld specimens. The results also indicated the presence of defects (mainly lack of fusion, porosity, and cracks) in each of the four test specimens. The analysis of each defect to determine the size using the 6 dB drop method has been pursued in phase II of this research, and the results have been compared with the quality assurance/quality control [conventional ultrasonic testing (UT) and radiographic testing (RT)] results provided by the fabricators. In addition, the inspections were carried out using 5 and 2.25 MHz phased-array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) probes. This report details the work carried out in phase II, which involved the fabrication of additional transition butt-weld specimens that will be used in phase III of this study.
KW  - Acceptance tests
KW  - Butt welds
KW  - Flaw detection
KW  - Phased-array ultrasonic testing
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Steel pipe
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14075/14075.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328587
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01543004
AU  - Jin, Peter J
AU  - Hall, Andrea
AU  - Hockenyos, Jon
AU  - Walton, C M
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Work Plan for the Completion of Strategic Business Plan
PY  - 2014/10
SP  - 45p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation’s (TxDOT's) mission is to provide a safe and reliable transportation system for Texas, while addressing congestion, connecting Texas communities, and becoming a best-in-class state agency. In an effort to help TxDOT achieve its mission, the Texas Technology Task Force (TTTF) was established. The TTTF was formally created in February 2013. After General Appropriations Bill, S.B. No. 1, 83rd Legislature, item 44, VII-31 (2013) was passed, TxDOT and the Task Force were directed to oversee a study on transportation technology. Through guidance from a technology industry expert panel, the TTTF has developed a vision for the future Texas transportation system that furthers these goals via technology-based solutions. The TTTF met from March to August of 2013 (Phase I) to develop a set of recommendations for continuing work in a second phase of a technology study. The recommendations from Phase I are provided in the first section of this report; subsequent sections synthesize and discuss work completed in Phase II.
KW  - Highway transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Transportation safety
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6803-P5.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328752
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01543002
AU  - Ohlms, Peter B
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Local Government Funding and Financing of Roads: Virginia Case Studies and Examples From Other States
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 74p
AB  - Several Virginia localities have used local funding and financing sources to build new roads or complete major street improvement projects when state and/or federal funding was not available. Many others have combined local funding sources with state and/or federal funds to accelerate a project of importance to the locality. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to determine the extent to which local governments have completed road projects under Virginia statutes that enable various types of funding and financing tools and to document lessons some localities learned in the process; and (2) to identify examples of locally generated funding sources from other states not currently used in Virginia that could be promising for road projects. To achieve the first purpose, case studies and a survey were used to gather the necessary information. To achieve the second purpose, a literature review was conducted. Different localities had different enabling factors that led to their decisions to apply local funds to road projects. Enabling factors that were evident from the case studies included the following: high growth rates and the resultant increases in tax receipts; regional medical centers associated with substantial ancillary land development; local government staff with experience managing road construction projects; a combination of future-focused transportation plans and negotiation during the land development process; a record of success with similar projects; collaboration with universities and other local governments; and careful budgeting and saving. Examples of locally generated funding sources from other states that are not widely used in Virginia include transportation utility fees, local motor fuel taxes, mileage-based user fees, special property taxes on non-residential parking spaces, a tax per employee, concurrency, availability payment public-private partnerships, and various types of special districts. In addition to identifying the enabling factors listed, the study concludes that Virginia’s local governments have become major funding sources for road improvements of local importance. This role intensified as state funding levels decreased before Virginia’s 2013 transportation funding revisions, but some localities said that they could not sustain this trend over the long term. Even so, localities have an interest in using local dollars to advance local priority projects. The study recommends that the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research and the Virginia Department of Transportation’s Local Assistance Division (1) develop a “road show” summarizing the findings from the case studies conducted in this study, with a focus on options for local funding that other localities might find useful; and (2) enhance an existing annual workshop that focuses on local project administration to add consideration of innovative local funding tools currently in use by jurisdictions outside Virginia.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highways
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Local government
KW  - Virginia
KW  - Virginia Department of Transportation
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/15-r2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328986
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01542847
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Field Evaluation of Detection-Control System
PY  - 2014/10
SP  - 6p
AB  - High-speed signalized intersections present unique challenges to improving highway safety. Techniques for achieving safety often have an adverse effect on efficiency, and techniques for achieving efficiency sometimes have an adverse effect on safety. Bonneson et al. developed an  alternative dilemma zone detection-control system (D-CS), which overcomes the limitations of traditional multiple advance-detector systems. The new system intelligently forecasts the best time to end the signal phase based on consideration of vehicle presence in the dilemma zone, vehicle type (i.e., truck or car), and the presence of vehicles waiting for a conflicting phase. This TechBrief is a technical summary of the Federal Highway Administration report of the same title (FHWA-HRT-14-058), which had the following objectives: (1) Verify the D-CS design objectives through rigorous field instrumentation—at the moment of signal change from green to yellow, no truck shall be in the dilemma zone, and no more than one passenger car shall be in the dilemma zone; (2) Quantify the effectiveness of D-CS in improving safety and reducing dilemma-zone-related crashes and red-light violations at rural, high-speed, signalized intersections; and (3) Identify the upper limit of traffic conditions under which the D-CS can operate safely and effectively.
KW  - Dilemma zone
KW  - Field studies
KW  - High speed intersections
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Signalized intersections
KW  - Traffic signal controllers
KW  - Vehicle detectors
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/14082/14082.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328585
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01542841
AU  - Lichty, Monica G
AU  - Bacon, L Paige
AU  - Richard, Christian
AU  - Battelle Seattle Research Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Collecting and Analyzing Stakeholder Feedback for Signing at Complex Interchanges
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 66p
AB  - The purpose of this project was to identify design constraints related to signing, markings, and geometry for complex interchanges, and then to identify useful topics for future research that will yield findings that can address those design issues. Obtaining this feedback was an important way to ensure that future research remains calibrated with the information needs of engineers and other practitioners.This project involved conducting phone interviews with 17 State transportation departments, represented by 28 individuals. These interviews provided information about how stakeholders identify problem interchanges, what types of problems occur, how they can address those problems, and how they deal with unique configurations that are not covered by existing design references. Complex interchanges pose an ongoing challenge to roadway engineers and State transportation department personnel. These interchanges often involve multiple routes that converge or diverge within a short distance, resulting in geometric or signing elements that ultimately cause higher workload for drivers. However, there is no simple definition or single prototype example of a “complex interchange”, and a variety of geometric and signing elements can make different interchanges complex and difficult for drivers to navigate. Consequently, the human factors problems that drivers can face at these interchanges also vary greatly, which is reflected in the wide range of research needs identified by stakeholders. They also see value in additional research and design guidance that would address these information gaps.
KW  - Driver workload
KW  - Geometric design
KW  - Human factors
KW  - Interchanges
KW  - Interviewing
KW  - Research needs
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic signs
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/14069/14069.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328584
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01541864
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Yuan, Jiqiu
AU  - Graybeal, Benjamin A
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bond Behavior of Reinforcing Steel in Ultra-High Performance Concrete
PY  - 2014/10
SP  - 78p
AB  - Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a relatively new class of advanced cementitious composite materials, which exhibits high compressive [above 21.7 ksi (150 MPa)] and tensile [above 0.72 ksi (5 MPa)] strengths. The discrete steel fiber reinforcement included in UHPC allows the concrete to maintain tensile capacity beyond cracking of the cementitious matrix. The combination of the matrix and fiber performance allow for a reduction on the development length of reinforcing bar, thus providing the potential for a redesign of some structural systems such as field–cast connections between prefabricated bridge elements. The bond behavior of deformed reinforcing bar in UHPC is investigated in this study by conducting direct tension pullout tests. Over 200 tests were completed and the effects of embedment length, concrete cover, bar spacing, concrete strength, bar size and type on bond strength were investigated. It was found that the development length of embedded reinforcement in UHPC can be significantly reduced. Guidance on the embedment of deformed reinforcing bars into UHPC is provided.
KW  - Bond strength (Materials)
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Deformed bars
KW  - Development length (Reinforcement)
KW  - Fiber reinforced concrete
KW  - Pullout tests
KW  - Reinforcing bars
KW  - Steel fibers
KW  - Tensile strength
KW  - Ultra high performance concrete
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14090/14090.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328523
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541861
AU  - Gallagher, Susan
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Montana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2014 Montana Summer Transportation Institute
PY  - 2014/10//Final Report
SP  - 31p
AB  - The Summer Transportation Institute (STI) hosted by the Western Transportation Institute (WTI) at Montana State University (MSU) aims to heighten student interest in transportation careers at the pre-college level. The program recruits high school students to participate in a two-week educational program on the MSU campus. The residential program introduces participants to all modes of transportation, seeks to build creative problem-solving skills, and supports college and career planning activities. The 2014 STI program was comprised of rising tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grade students from 7 different counties in Montana and 3 additional states. Students lived on the MSU campus while participating in a multidisciplinary academic curriculum, which included guest speaker presentations, hands-on laboratories, and field trips. Students gained leadership skills while working on team design-build projects. During the evenings and weekend, STI students participated in educational, sports, and team-building activities. Twelve secondary school students completed the program, which ran from June 15 to June 27, 2014.
KW  - Education and training
KW  - High school students
KW  - Montana
KW  - Summer Transportation Institute, Montana State University
KW  - Transportation careers
KW  - Vocational guidance
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/research_proj/summer/final_report_oct14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328424
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577740
TI  - RCPM-10a: Pavement Technology Deployment

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370802
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544625
AU  - Graves, Clark
AU  - University of Kentucky, Lexington
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Southeast Transportation Consortium
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Regional Implementation of Warm Mix Asphalt
PY  - 2014/09/30/Final Report
SP  - 54p
AB  - Asphalt is used in over 94 percent of all paved roadways in the United States. The ability to reduce its cost and emissions while improving its performance has benefits that could potentially change the direction the asphalt industry moves toward in the future. Warm-mix asphalt (WMA) technology is becoming more prevalent in routine roadway construction across the country. It provides many benefits over conventional hot-mix asphalt (HMA). There are three groups of technologies currently being used to achieve these lower temperatures. They are chemical additive, organic additive (wax), and water additive (foamed). Each of these technologies is different, yet they all function on the same basic concept. They each decrease the viscosity of the liquid binder, thus allowing the binder to more easily coat the aggregate at a cooler temperature. In the last decade, WMA has increasingly been used across the country. Many states have developed special provisions or have modified their standard specifications to accommodate the use of WMA. In an attempt to quantify the use of WMA technology in the southeastern region of the United States, this study was initiated with the following objectives. 1. To inform research agencies of the work that is ongoing, as well as the work that has already been done. 2. To provide a document that can be used to educate and inform contractors from an unbiased perspective of the costs and benefits associated with the different types of warm mix asphalt. 3. To assist government agencies in establishing acceptance criteria for warm mix asphalt, thus allowing it as a suitable replacement for hot mix asphalt. A survey was sent to 12 southeastern states to attempt to answer the questions listed above. Also, internet searches were conducted to determine specification and policy changes that were made in the subject states to accommodate WMA technology. Results of the research indicated that WMA technology is being used in all of the southeastern states and that all of the states have made changes in standard specification and special provisions to permit the use of WMA. The most significant change made in specifications is the permission to allow the mixing and placing of WMA at cooler temperatures. Although more long-term performance data is needed, it appears that at this time the performance of WMA technology is comparable to that of conventional HMA. The cost between HMA and WMA does not currently appear to be significant. WMA appears to be a viable technology, and its use is expected to increase in the immediate future.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Policy
KW  - Southeastern United States
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_534.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329742
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543397
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-16. Minimizing Roadway Embankment Damage From Flooding
AB  - The objective of this synthesis is to produce a state of the practice report on how the transportation community is protecting roadways and mitigating damage from inundation and overtopping. The report will document the mechanics of damage to the embankment and pavement, analysis tools available, and design and maintenance practices for embankment protection. The synthesis will also consider the inundation-only condition of pavements and subgrades.
KW  - Embankments
KW  - Floods
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Maintenance practices
KW  - Pavements
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3805
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330794
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543395
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-12. Converting Paved Roads to Unpaved
AB  - Current transportation asset management practices assume that roads will either be preserved in their current structural condition or improved to enhance the structural condition. As well, the historic trend is to reduce the number of unpaved system lane-miles. These policies were developed in the last century when both the cost of asphalt and the cost of fuel were low compared to current costs, and the axles loads carried on rural low-volume roads were relatively light. In the past few years, the increased costs of construction and maintenance in combination with insufficient Federal, State, and local funding have resulted in a situation where asset managers are converting the pavements on aging rural roads to unpaved. In addition, failing to maintain a paved surface may lead to degradation in its ability to safely function as the surface becomes rough and slows down the average speed of traffic. At some point, the safe speed will become less than that attainable on a maintained unpaved surface. Local road departments are the most affected by the funding shortfall, as can be evidenced by the increasing amount of news media coverage of the practice. With the costs of maintenance and rehabilitation of aging pavements increasing, continuously shrinking budgets, and increasing loads from agricultural, energy, and freight sectors, the practice of converting pavements to unpaved will continue to grow. These issues make it necessary to identify measures to analyze and objectively determine when to convert to an unpaved surface, and to identify appropriate unpaved road maintenance and management strategies that will cost-effectively keep these converted pavements in a better condition than the original distressed asphalt pavement. Therefore objectives of this synthesis are: (1) to discuss and summarize what is meant by "low volume road" and "unpaved" in different circumstances, (2) to identify agencies that have converted or plan to convert roadways, (3) to identify metrics available to quantify the impact and legal liability of reduced maintenance due to lack of funds, (4) to identify the tools like databases, software, and other instruments that have been effectively used to determine when to convert a paved or hard surfaced road to unpaved surface, (5) to synthesize current decision parameters for asset management for low volume assets, including but not limited to- (a) Traffic volume and classification, (b) Environmental factors, e.g. air quality, water quality, soil contamination, (c) Initial cost vs. life-cycle cost; (d) Public policy concerns, (e) Safety issues, (f) Current pavement condition, (g) Available resources, and (h) Purpose of road (6) to identify documented and undocumented procedures used for converting/recycling pavements based on the type of pavement, (7) identify the state-of-the-practice for design and construction of unpaved roads (crown change ditching, chemical stabilization, dust control, maintenance requirements, etc.), (8) to identify and document proven procedures for providing design parameters on unpaved road preservation and maintenance projects, (9) to identify the impacts of the conversion, including, but not limited to--(a) public reaction, (b) changes in traffic patterns, (c) changes in agency equipment and staffing, (d) environmental impacts; (e) safety, (f) maintenance costs, (g) lessons learned, (10) to identify gaps in knowledge and research needs .
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Axle loads
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Low volume roads
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Unpaved roads
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3801
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330792
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544631
AU  - Arhin, Stephen A
AU  - Noel, Errol C
AU  - Howard University
AU  - District of Columbia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Predicting Pavement Condition Index from International Roughness Index in Washington, DC
PY  - 2014/09/29/Final Report
SP  - 61p
AB  - A number of pavement condition indices are used to conduct pavement management assessments, two of which are the International Roughness Index (IRI) and Pavement Condition Index (PCI). The IRI is typically measured using specialized equipment that calculates the smoothness and ride quality of the roadway segment based on established computer algorithms, while the PCI is based on subjective rating of the number of pavement distress. The literature suggests that most pavement indices are related, as a result of which several jurisdictions have developed models to predict one index from the other(s). This study used three (3) years of IRI-PCI data obtained from the District Department of Transportation  to develop models which could potentially predict PCI from IRI by functional classification and by pavement type. The regression models explored were developed using the ordinary least squares method and were tested on the basis of 5% level of significance. The IRI-PCI models yielded R² and adjusted R² values between 0.008 and 0.0730, indicating that the models could only explain up to 7.3% of the variations in the data. In addition, the root mean square errors of the models were all determined to be greater than 1. Even though the results of the ANOVA tests indicated that the coefficients were generally statistically significant, the low R² values and high Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) indicate that the models do not adequately predict PCI from IRI, within the margin of error. A more sophisticated prediction tool, such as artificial neural networks, could be explored to potentially predict PCI from IRI more accurately.
KW  - International Roughness Index
KW  - Pavement Condition Index
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Roughness
KW  - Washington (District of Columbia)
UR  - http://d92016.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_D92016_Documents/2014-03_IRI-PCI%20Final%20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331670
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543396
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-15. Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Management of Highway Assets
AB  - The provisions of Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) require life cycle and risk-based asset management plans for pavements and bridges. It also encourages the inclusion of other transportation assets to the asset management plan. Some state agencies are using life cycle cost analysis tools. However, for the broader range of assets managed by highway agencies, existing tools can be informal and often lack reliable or consistent research-based inputs and models. The objective of this research project is to develop an inventory of quantitative asset-level or project-level processes or models for predicting the life cycle costs associated with preservation and replacement activities on the full range of highway assets.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Transportation departments
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3804
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330793
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577831
TI  - SI.11.11: Tunnel Inspection Initiatives

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Tunnels
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370873
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01605718
AU  - Yut, Iliya
AU  - Mahoney, James
AU  - Zinke, Scott
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Preparation of the Implementation Plan of AASHTO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
 (M-E PDG) in Connecticut
PY  - 2014/09/25/Final Report
SP  - 407p
AB  - 2002 Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide is based on mechanistic-empirical (M-E) principles that provide a uniform platform for the design of flexible, rigid, and composite pavements. It considers design parameters for traffic, structure conditions, environment, and allows the user to specify a reliability Level of the predictions. The distress prediction models were originally calibrated to national averages using data from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) effort. The distress models need to be recalibrated with data obtained locally in order to be applicable for the particular materials, construction practices, and environmental conditions encountered in Connecticut. Longitudinal (top-down fatigue), alligator (bottom-up fatigue), thermal cracking, asphalt rutting and total rutting prediction models were analyzed for all pavement designs. Statistical sensitivity analyses were conducted for all of the input ranges identified as pertinent for Connecticut including mix properties, environmental factors, underlying structures etc... All of the the inputs were then ranked according to their significance in order to establish target levels of detail as necessary for each input. Because this study only provides analyses based on a limited dataset, it is recommended that all of the M-EPDG models should be calibrated for use throughout the state. An implementation plan is presented along with course/training materials and recommendations for further analysis.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/SPR-2274_Final_9-25-14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1416279
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577744
TI  - BT-3: Modular Steel Bridge Development (HPS-1)

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Development
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Modular structures
KW  - Steel bridges
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370806
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01578123
TI  - Surveys for Northern Long-Eared Bat Use of Nebraska Bridge Structures
AB  - In December 2013, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) proposed listing the northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) (NLEB) under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) (87 Stat. 884, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) as federally endangered. The State of Nebraska is located within the known range of this species. The final listing decision is expected in April 2015. At this time, very little is known about this species habitat use in Nebraska. During the winter, NLEBs predominately hibernate in caves and abandoned mine portals. During the summer, NLEBs typically roost singly or in colonies in cavities, underneath bark, crevices, or hollows in both live and dead trees and/or snags. Males and non-reproductive females may also roost in cooler places such as caves and mines. Occasionally, NLEBs have been documented roosting in man-made structures, such as buildings, barns, bridges, and culverts during the summer, particularly when suitable tree roosting sites are unavailable. They forage for insects over water, forest clearings, and under tree canopies in upland and lowland woodlots and tree-lined corridors.
Because little is currently known about this species use of bridges and culverts, USFWS is concerned that Nebraska Department of Roads (NDOR) actions to repair or replace bridge and culvert structures may harm NLEB. Experts have hypothesized that the bridge and culvert structures in Nebraska are too dry and cold to contain the necessary moisture and temperature regimen desired by Nebraska bat species for roosting. Once the species is listed, NDOR will be obligated under ESA to avoid “take” of the species. More information is needed to determine if this species of bat is using NDOR bridge and culvert structures and
if additional measures would be needed during construction of these structures to avoid “take” of the species.
The objective of this study is to identify if bats are using NDOR bridge and culvert structures and if they are, what types of structures are being utilized for roosting.
The results of the study would help project biologists and planners better understand what types of impacts, if any, bridge and culvert construction may have on a soon-to-be protected species and help drive decisions on how to best avoid impacts to the NLEB to remain in compliance with ESA.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Compliance
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - Endangered Species Act
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Mammals
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Surveys
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1367022
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01595998
TI  - Saxton Transportation Operations Laboratory Task Order 11: User Friendly Traffic Incident Management (TIM) Program Benefit-Cost Estimation Tool
AB  - Traffic incident management (TIM) strategies are major approaches to dealing with safety and mobility issues resulting from traffic incidents. As such, they are critical for traffic operation and management. These strategies support quick incident response, thereby shortening incident duration, and controlling traffic demand around the incident scene. Since some TIM strategies could be costly to tax payers, and because resources and funding are limited among State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) and local transportation agencies, it is essential to investigate benefits and costs for different potential and existing TIM strategies. Some transportation engineers and researchers have offered different methods and software packages for estimating the benefits and costs of the various TIM strategies. However, the majority of these methods and software packages are related to safety service patrols (SSPs). Further, these methods and software packages employ a wide range of estimation methodologies and monetary equivalent conversion factors. As a result, benefit and cost (BC) ratio estimates vary widely for TIM strategies. This has created a need to develop a more consistent and standardized methodology for TIM BC assessment. Since different State DOTs and local transportation agencies use different TIM strategies, to meet requirements for most of these agencies, the research team identified the eight most commonly used TIM strategies according to surveys and interviews from a project advisory committee. Building on previous efforts from a prototype SSP-BC tool developed by the University of Maryland, this study fashioned a standardized methodology that can be universally and equitably employed in BC ratio estimation for different TIM strategies, which is essential to creating consistency and, therefore, greater confidence in the validity of the results. The methodology was incorporated into a user-friendly and less data-intensive web-based TIM-BC tool to facilitate cost-effective TIM evaluations by State and local transportation agencies. The new TIM-BC tool covers eight different strategies, including safety service patrols, driver removal laws, authority removal laws, shared quick clearance goals, pre-established towing service agreements, dispatch colocation, TIM Task Forces, and Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2) training. As part of this project, the study team conducted a case study of the New York experience, which compared the effectiveness of implementing three selected TIM strategies: safety service patrols, driver removal laws, and dispatch colocation. The case study example may also help practitioners to understand the need for a standardized BC ratio estimation tool and the effectiveness of a developed TIM-BC tool. In the final section, conclusions from this project and recommendations for future research are presented. 

KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Incident management
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Traffic incidents
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1403672
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577871
TI  - Horizon 2020 & Project Twinning

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - European Union
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Project management
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371144
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543465
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-11. Post-Extreme Event Assessment of Infrastructure Damage to Highway Bridges
AB  - It is generally recognized that the performance of the transportation infrastructure in extreme events is essential to the Nation's economy. The national infrastructure is a complex network of assets providing different services, designed according to different specifications, exposed to various hazards, and consequently, suffering from different vulnerabilities. For example, New York State Department of Transportation has developed manuals for the following bridge vulnerabilities: hydraulic, collision, overload, seismic, steel details, and concrete details. Hurricanes Katrina (2005) and Sandy (2012) underscored the familiar conclusion that the most prevalent causes for bridge failures are hydraulic - related. High temperatures caused by fire and blast impact caused by explosion gained importance after the events of Sept. 11, 2001. Whereas the constraints and priorities vary among the localities over time, all infrastructure managers would gain from structural assessments, integrated across the spectrum of extreme events, rather than partitioned according to their cause. As an example, the vulnerability of the bridges on the National Bridge Inventory (NBI) to earthquakes has been reduced significantly as a result of coordinated measures on the national, state and local levels. Over the last several decades the design philosophy consistent with sustainable life-cycle management has evolved in important ways. Prescriptive specifications have been supplemented or superseded by performance-based ones. Under earthquakes with return periods ranging from 500 to 2500 years, bridges are expected to meet different performance targets with various degrees of non-catastrophic damage. The design and construction for a desired structural performance during earthquakes gain important insights from the database of post-earthquake assessments gathered by reconnaissance teams of experts. All post-earthquake emergency management decisions are based on the rapid assessment of structural damage and functionality. Over the past decades the hands-on post-event visual inspections have gained considerable experience and have been systematized in a number of manuals, such as the ones quoted in the source list herein. More recently, the management of bridges under extreme events has been enhanced by the rapidly developing technologies providing structural diagnostics, as well as by the networks for "real time" data transmittal. These new capabilities are not fully explored and reflected in systematic guidelines. Moreover, the same expertise and capabilities can serve not only in earthquakes, but after other extreme events such as (but not limited to) storm surge, wave action, and scour. There is a need to advance the effectiveness of the post-extreme event bridge assessment by a review and evaluation of the available data acquisition and transmittal systems and procedures. Post-earthquake rapid and detailed assessments of bridges and other structures have been developed and refined after every such event over the last several decades. A few examples are listed among the attached sources. The visual field inspections have been most informative. Typically, a first post-earthquake inspection report is produced soon after the event to make determinations on the integrity of the affected structures and their load-carrying capacity.
KW  - Bearing capacity
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Emergency management
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Storm surges
KW  - Structural analysis
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3800
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330921
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577466
TI  - Advanced, Low-Cost Snowplow Visual Guidance System

AB  - The scope of this work is to comprehensively research and develop a visual guidance system that will be used by the operator onboard snowplow units, incorporating recent technological advances in digital imaging, remote sensing, global positioning system (GPS) and digital three-dimensional (3D) visualization. The conditions for intended use are low, and zero visibility environments such as encountered during blizzards, rural nighttime operations, super-cooled fog, and other high visual impairment situations. The effort will include gathering/synthesizing data, distilling this data to parse out technology applicable to the project goals, and designing and assembling an operational prototype unit that will be ready for further validation, enhancement, and field use. These latter tasks beyond delivery of an operational prototype would be addressed in a possible phase II, and are not part of the present project scope.

KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Onboard navigational aids
KW  - Operators (Persons)
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Snowplows
KW  - Three dimensional displays
KW  - Visibility
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370728
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570331
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - West Virginia Peer Exchange: Streamlining Highway Safety Improvement Program Project Delivery
PY  - 2014/09/22
SP  - 7p
AB  - The West Virginia Division of Highways (WV DOH) hosted a Peer Exchange to share information and experiences for streamlining Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) project delivery. The event was held September 22 to 23, 2014 in Charleston, West Virginia. This report summarizes the results of the event, which was supported by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety’s Roadway Safety Professional Capacity Building Program and the FHWA West Virginia Division Office. Representatives attended from four peer States, including Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. Representatives from West Virginia included members of the safety team in WV DOH’s Traffic Engineering Division. The purpose of the peer exchange was to share noteworthy practices for streamlining HSIP project delivery and identify opportunities for West Virginia to advance HSIP project delivery from planning through design and construction.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Improvement Program
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - West Virginia Division of Highways
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/p2p/wv/hsip_wv_sept2014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55249/hsip_wv_sept2014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/59000/59400/59498/peer_report_WV_Sept2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1360038
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543902
TI  - Identification of Factors Contributing to the Decline of Traffic Fatalities in the United States
AB  - According to data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the United States has experienced a steady decline in the number of highway fatalities since 2005, with a dramatic decline beginning in 2007. Even with the reduction in deaths on our nation's roads, highway fatalities and serious injuries remain a significant threat to public health. While a significant decline in fatalities from 2005 to 2011 occurred, early data from 2012 shows an increase. With the passage of reauthorization of federal transportation funding, Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21), states are required to increase focus on safety performance targets, especially those involving fatalities and serious injuries. Decision makers need to understand how various factors have affected highway fatality trends, continue to implement the programs that make the best use of limited funds and personnel, and make the most progress toward meeting performance targets. Various explanations have been offered to account for the significant reduction in crashes in recent years. Such factors as increased safety belt usage, safer vehicles, better roads, increased funding for safety infrastructure improvements, the economic downturn, changes in teen licensing laws, enhanced enforcement efforts, etc., have been identified as possible contributors to the downward trend in crashes. To date, no comprehensive analysis of crash data and contributing crash factors has been performed to determine the relative impact of various factors. Such an analysis would seek correlation between crash types and multiple factors such as levels of highway spending, installation of corridor-wide crash countermeasures, levels of highway enforcement, levels of funding for educational campaigns targeting driver behavior, average percent expenditure on safety features in automobiles, increase in highway safety related legislation, economic indicators, etc.  Without a comprehensive study of the crash data and the possible contributing factors creating the decline in crashes, it is difficult for highway safety professionals to know where best to direct resources. Research is needed to provide information that will help optimize the allocation of safety resources, especially within the recent years where the decrease in fatalities has not been so dramatic. Such research will assist states in determining where to most effectively apply their capital, operating, and human resources to continually reduce fatalities. The objective of this research is to provide a multidisciplinary analysis of the relative influence of the types of factors that contributed to the recent national decline in the number of highway fatalities and rates in the United States. This research will assist transportation agencies and other safety stakeholders in optimizing resource allocation and strategic decision making to improve safety.
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash causes
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Crash types
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Seat belt use
KW  - U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
KW  - United States
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3660
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332059
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543535
TI  - Improved Analysis of Two-Lane Highway Capacity and Operational Performance
AB  - Safe and efficient two-lane highway service is a vital component of the nation's transportation system. Many two-lane highways serve as the primary means for rural access to urban areas and the Interstate Highway System. Two-lane highways are a unique element of the surface transportation system because, in many instances, they serve extreme conditions of access and mobility often with very little intervention from traffic control devices. Development needs on the urban fringe and rural areas can degrade two-lane highway service. Coupled with the high costs and impacts associated with widening to four-lane highways or freeways, the nation increasingly relies on these two-lane highways to serve complex combinations of transportation needs including accessing adjacent land, commuting, multi-modal accommodation, and freight movement. In essence, designers and decision makers need the ability to analyze two-lane highway service in complex circumstances to evaluate two-lane highway capacity and operational capabilities to meet diverse traveler and freight movement needs. However, current tools to evaluate existing and proposed designs are inadequate for the task. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methodology is difficult to use for an established network. The capacity and operational performance analysis methods and models for two-lane highways are dated and limited to homogenous segments that do not account for the variations in route operational characteristics (development, transition zone, signalized intersection(s), alignment, speed, volume, etc.). Furthermore, collecting sufficient amounts of two-lane highway field data to use exclusively for the development of an analysis methodology is not practical.  Simulation tools may need to be utilized. The TWOPAS simulation program, on which the current HCM methodology for two-lane analysis is based, is no longer supported. In addition, current measures of effectiveness are difficult to field measure. The objective of this research is to (1) develop performance measures for operational and capacity analyses of two-lane highways and develop models to produce these performance measures in a HCM context, and (2) develop or modify a simulation-based analysis method for two-lane highways and offer guidance for when to apply a simulation versus HCM methods. The resulting methods should lead towards a two-lane highway facilities procedure suitable for incorporation into future editions of the HCM.
KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Highway Capacity Manual
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Interstate Highway System
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Traffic simulation
KW  - Two lane highways
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3658
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331132
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543391
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-06. Use of Mobile IT Devices in the Field for Design, Construction and Asset Management
AB  - State departments of transportation (DOTs) are starting to issue hand held mobile information technology (IT) devices to more staff and managers. Mobile IT devices are defined as laptop computers, mini-laptops, multi-functional data collectors, tablets, and smartphones. The research should also be limited to agency-issued devices and should not consider use of personally-owned devices for public agency purposes. Historically, the initial uses of mobile devices were for mobile communication and file access. However, this only taps into a small level of capability for the devices and state DOTs are beginning to examine off-the-shelf or customized applications or other uses to gain the full potential of mobile IT devices. This study will build on existing efforts, including a recent American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) survey, a Wisconsin DOT synthesis report, and published materials from Transportation Research Board (TRB) 2014 Annual Meeting session 754.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Government agencies
KW  - Information technology
KW  - Laptop computers
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Portable equipment
KW  - Smartphones
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3795
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330788
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577972
TI  - B&T1 EM- Effective Fireproofing Coatings and Methods for Tunnels

AB  - No summary provided.

KW  - Coatings
KW  - Fireproof materials
KW  - Fires
KW  - Tunnels
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371327
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577830
TI  - MISC-19: Motorist Warning System (FY 12)

AB  - The objective of this research project is to collect and process pavement data.

KW  - Data collection
KW  - Motorist aid systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Warning systems
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370871
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577828
TI  - SPM-2: Establish Peformance Tolerances for FHWA Oversight of the NBIS through 23 Metrics

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Oversight
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Standards
KW  - Tolerances (Engineering)
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370869
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577822
TI  - ID-106: Post-Tensioning System Detailing and Durability

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Durability
KW  - Posttensioning
KW  - System design
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370863
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01576057
TI  - Using Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) to Form High-Performance Vehicle Streams

AB  - Cooperative autonomous cruise control (CACC) uses a combination of forward-ranging sensors and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to help a vehicle adjust its speed as it follows the preceding vehicle in the same lane. More broadly, CACC enables cooperative maneuvering by vehicles, facilitating the merging of traffic streams and the formation of vehicles in platoons. This research proposes to overcome the key remaining technical challenges that stand in the way of CACC implementation. The research will address improved platoon maneuvering protocols and more accurate car-following models. California Partners for Advanced Transportation Technology (PATH) and Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) will conduct parallel analyses of different simulation tools, which will enhance the verification of impacts and the credibility of results. The simulation modeling will include arterial networks in addition to freeways. PATH and TU Delft will use the driver-behavior data collected from a previous Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) project, as well as their previous research with Infinity CACC vehicles.

KW  - Autonomous intelligent cruise control
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Car following
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Traffic platooning
KW  - Traffic simulation
KW  - Vehicle to vehicle communications
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/research/tfhrc/projects/projectsdb/projectdetails.cfm?projectid=FHWA-PROJ-13-0110
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370012
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543398
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-17. Training and Certification of Highway Maintenance Workers
AB  - Highway maintenance workers perform a broad range of tasks on roads and bridges in all weather and traffic conditions. In the performance of their duties they are exposed to a variety of challenges and hazards. These workers need appropriate knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform their activities effectively, thereby ensuring mobility and safety on the nation's highway system. Accordingly, suitable training and certification of maintenance workers is vital to their efficiency and safety. The objective of this synthesis is to document and summarize current practices for training and certification of front-line highway maintenance workers. The synthesis will focus on training directly related to the performance of their job duties. To the extent possible, the synthesis will document the rationale behind requiring a certification in addition to training. This information will help agencies evaluate and improve their maintenance training and certification programs.
KW  - Certification
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Labor force
KW  - Occupational safety
KW  - Training
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3807
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330795
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577876
TI  - 2014-61 (HSIP) Synthesis of Local Road Safety Noteworthy Practices

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Syntheses
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371180
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577874
TI  - 2014-52 (HSIP) HSIP Online Reporting Tool

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Annual reports
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Improvement Program
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Railroad grade crossings
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371177
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577848
TI  - Develop TIM PM Data Collection Analysis & Report Process

AB  - Research then deploy the business case and approach for the expanded Collection Analysis & Reporting of Traffic Incident Management (TIM) performance measures. 

KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Crash reports
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - Traffic incidents
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371019
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577846
TI  - IACP Cooperative Agreement & TIM Subcommittee Activities

AB  - Research then deploy the business case and approach for the expanded Collection Analysis & Reporting of TIM performance measures  

KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Crash reports
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - Traffic incidents
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371017
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01546017
TI  - Incident Command System (ICS) Training for Field Level Transportation Supervisors and Staff
AB  - The objective of this research is to develop specialized Incident Command System (ICS) training for field level transportation supervisors and staff. The intended audience is state transportation agency field staff members, but the training would also be applicable to city and county transportation field staff members.
KW  - Incident Command System
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Maintenance personnel
KW  - National Incident Management System (NIMS)
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Supervisors
KW  - Training
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=2605
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332969
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543399
TI  - Fracture-Critical System Analysis for Steel Bridges
AB  - Advances in new materials have brought about renewed discussion of the traditional definition of what constitutes a fracture-critical (FC) steel bridge. For example, modern steel bridges are often built of high-performance steel and fabricated using higher quality welding procedures with a composite deck slab and, therefore, are inherently more capable of carrying redistributed loads through alternate paths. Currently, the stringent fabrication and maintenance inspection requirements for FC bridges steer owners and designers away from building new FC bridges although allowed by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) code with the appropriate design, construction, and inspection procedures. The increased maintenance inspection costs are also a concern of existing FC bridges.  These additional costs, and any structural concerns, could be eliminated or minimized by re-examining the FC designation and reclassifying bridges where justified.  But, designers and owners often have deferring opinions on the definition of a FC bridge. The AASHTO code does not give guidance on the appropriate methods for fracture analysis. Although individual designers have developed methods for this issue, there is no consensus on the loadings, the approach, and what constitutes failure. The objectives of this research are to (1) develop a methodology to quantify when a steel bridge system is considered FC based on loads, existing conditions, material properties, and bridge configurations, and (2) recommend AASHTO specifications using the methodology in the design of new bridges and the evaluation of existing bridges.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Fabrication
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3808
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330796
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577990
TI  - B&M-1 Bridge Safety Inspection Program- MAP-21 Priority Section 1111

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Safety
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371358
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577820
TI  - ID-97: Refined Engineering Analysis

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Engineering
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Refining
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370861
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577739
TI  - APM-3: Improved Measurement of Pavement Cracking

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavements
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370801
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577732
TI  - PDA-7: Develop and Deploy New Concrete Pavement Materials Technologies

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Development
KW  - Materials
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370795
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577727
TI  - SI.11.04.01: Infrastructure Health Index

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370771
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577472
TI  - PDA-1: Demonstrations and Deployment of Market Ready NDE Tools to States

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Market share
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370734
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01546162
AU  - Zinke, Scott
AU  - Mahoney, James
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Use of Polymer Modified Asphalt Binder for High Friction Thin Lift Overlays in Connecticut
PY  - 2014/09/17/Final Report
SP  - 48p
AB  - Controlling the frictional characteristics of a roadway is of paramount importance when considering highway safety. Several state highway agencies specify a friction wearing course to be used in high profile or high accident prone areas. The Connecticut Advanced Pavement Lab along with the Connecticut Department of Transportation investigated a polymer modified high friction wearing course placed in CT in 2012. Laboratory tests including moisture susceptibility and rutting susceptibility indicated no potential for premature failure of the wearing surface. Field testing of both pavement macrotexture and skid testing also show promise that this mix will enhance tire to pavement interface friction. Several field visits to the site have indicated that the surface is performing well to date regarding its durability.
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Durability
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Macrotexture
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Polymer asphalt
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Skid resistance tests
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/CT-2268-F-14-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332694
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543393
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-09. Extending Bridge Service Life through Field Welded Repair and Retrofits
AB  - Field welded repairs and retrofits can strengthen older bridges and improve their fatigue life. For example, distortion induced fatigue cracking in older bridges can be mitigated through field welded retrofit details. In other cases, field welded details have been used to strengthen bridges or repair those that have experienced section loss. Some engineers have taken advantage of such solutions, but others lack knowledge, experience, or confidence about effective use of field welding to extend bridge service life. The objective of this synthesis is to document field welded repair and retrofit solutions and practices that owners have used on existing bridges. Results will help bridge owners evaluate and implement solutions for successfully extending the service life of their bridges.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Fatigue cracking
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Service life
KW  - Welds
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3798
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330790
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577869
TI  - Pilot Off Hour Urban Freight Delivery- Contracts

AB  - Additional contract support for handbook development, technical assistance and evaluation.  

KW  - Contracts
KW  - Delivery service
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Freight and passenger services
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Off peak periods
KW  - Technical assistance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371142
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543517
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 363. Recommended AASHTO Guidelines for Emergency Ventilation Smoke Control in Roadway Tunnels
AB  - Ventilation in tunnels has two functions: (1) in normal operation, it ensures sufficient air quality in the tunnel, generally by diluting pollutants and (2) in a fire emergency situation, it should be able to maintain a tenable condition to ensure the safety of tunnel users and a safe environment for rescue services by controlling the flow of smoke in an appropriate way. During the self-evacuation phase (also called the self-rescue phase), the ventilation system aims to create and maintain a tenable environment for the evacuation of tunnel users. Specifically, this environment consists of acceptable visibility, heat, air temperature, thermal radiation and air quality levels. During the fire-fighting phase, the ventilation system control and operation should be part of the standard operating procedure for the tunnel so that firefighting and rescue can be carried out in the best way possible. Currently, the design and operation of emergency smoke control varies from project to project in the absence of consistent and standardized practices. There is a need to identify the best operational practices for emergency ventilation smoke control in roadway tunnels. The objective of this research is to develop recommended American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) guidelines for emergency ventilation smoke control in roadway tunnels to improve human evacuation and emergency responder safety. As a minimum, the guidelines shall consider: (1) Applicable conditions for application of various tunnel ventilation systems and configurations (e.g., full transverse, partial transverse, and longitudinal systems); (2) Fan utilization or placement based on tunnel geometrics and gradient; (3) Tunnel length and directional traffic flow (i.e. unidirectional or bi-directional flow); (4) The relationship between vehicle types and heat release and ventilation requirements; (5) Effects of ventilation on tunnel fires and fire size; (6) Fire detection and warning systems; (7) Actual fire smoke stratification duration and length of stratification in tunnel; (8) The interaction between  firefighting operation and ventilation systems; (9) Applicability of tunnel vehicle fire suppression system and its applicable conditions; (10) Practicality of one-button or error proof emergency ventilation (i.e. closed loop ventilation control); and (11) Applicable regulatory standards &amp; guidelines (including national and international).
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Emergency management
KW  - Evacuation
KW  - Fires
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Tunnels
KW  - Ventilation systems
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3743
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330964
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543467
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-14. Practices for High-Tension Cable Barrier (HTCB)
AB  - In recent years, many transportation agencies have installed or are in the process of installing High-Tension Cable Barriers (HTCB). As the number of installations increase, the various design features and practices need to be summarized in order to consider the state of the practice and assess the need for further development. The objective of this synthesis is to document existing transportation agencies' specifications and special provisions; design criteria; and installation, construction, and maintenance practices. Incident management, manufacturers' information, maintenance experience, and cable barrier performance will also be documented. This synthesis is intended for state departments of transportation (DOTS), other transportation agencies, manufacturers, and other interested stakeholders.
KW  - Cables
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Median barriers
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Tension
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3803
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330923
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543392
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-07. State Safety Practices for Local Agencies
AB  - This project will synthesize state programs to address local agency road safety. These programs may be those that are using data driven approaches to addressing local road safety. The project will gather information from state and a sample of local agencies (particularly counties and tribes) involved in finding new or innovative ways to address local road safety, particularly on lower volume roads. This will identify local and state agencies that have a track record of working together to successfully deliver projects. This study was preceeded by NCHRP 20-24(87): State department of transportation (DOT) Administration of Local Road Safety Aid, which was oriented to chief executive officers (CEO's) of state DOTs, and which studied how state DOTs organize themselves to administer safety programs on local roads. This current study will build on 20-24 (87) and will delve more deeply into current practice. Information will be gathered by literature review, a survey of the State DOT persons responsible for local road safety (list to be provided by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Rosemarie Anderson), and selected interviews. Based on survey responses, approximately 10 examples of state/local agency partnering that illustrate noteworthy practices will be showcased. The list of examples will be reviewed and approved by the topic panel before interviews are conducted.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Local transportation
KW  - Low volume roads
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3796
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330789
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543085
TI  - Air Quality Outreach, Training, and Communications Support
AB  - HEPN is seeking professional, non-personal support services for the air quality program to raise public awareness in the following areas: prepare newsletters and white papers; research and document case studies and best practices; develop and conduct training; and organize and facilitate outreach and communications activities in a variety of technical areas including: (1) transportation conformity and other transportation related Clean Air Act requirements; (2) the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) program; (3) emissions and air quality models and tools; (4) project level air quality impact; (5) air quality planning; and (6) mitigation measures and emissions benefits.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Clean Air Act
KW  - Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Pollutants
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329816
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543466
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-13. Practice of Rumble Strips and Rumble Stripes
AB  - Rumble strips are a low cost safety countermeasure used to reduce roadway/lane departure crashes. When a pavement marking is applied over the rumble pattern, it is known as a rumble stripe. The practices from state to state are not uniform and there may not be one ideal design for all applications. There are advantages and disadvantages to the different rumble designs. This synthesis will identify current practices used by states installing rumble strips and rumble stripes. The scope of this synthesis study will focus on the safety benefits, rumble design, external noise considerations, durability/maintenance issues, impacts on bicyclists, and public affairs/outreach efforts. Results will benefit government agencies, researchers, and the road-building industry in providing guidance on successful practices. This synthesis will include a literature review and a survey of state departments of transportation (DOTs) and Canadian ministries of transportation. International agencies' experience will be reviewed as available. From the results of the survey, a minimum of three (3) agencies will be selected and case examples of their practices will be shared. Lessons learned and gaps in information will also be covered.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Ran off road crashes
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3802
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330922
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01598404
AU  - Kauten, Rebecca L
AU  - Chamberlain, Heather
AU  - Spielbauer, Robert
AU  - Beeler, Madison
AU  - University of Northern Iowa
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Practical Data Collection: Establishing Methods and Procedures for Measuring Water Clarity and Turbidity from Active Major Highway Construction Sites
PY  - 2014/09/12/Final Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - In anticipation of regulation involving numeric turbidity limit at highway construction sites, research was done into the most appropriate, affordable methods for surface water monitoring. Measuring sediment concentration in streams may be conducted a number of ways. As part of a project funded by the Iowa Department of Transportation, several testing methods were explored to determine the most affordable, appropriate methods for data collection both in the field and in the lab. The primary purpose of the research was to determine the exchangeability of the acrylic transparency tube for water clarity analysis as compared to the turbidimeter.
KW  - Construction sites
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Suspended sediments
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Turbidity
KW  - Water quality
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/id/eprint/21967
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/59000/59200/59225/IADOT_Practical_Data_Collection_Establishing_Methods_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1405305
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543464
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-05. Use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Recycled Asphalt Shingles in Asphalt Mixtures
AB  - The practice of utilizing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in new asphalt mixtures has increased in recent years due to its economic and environmental benefits. RAP has already become one of the most widely used materials in the United States, while RAS has emerged as a material of interest to the paving community. With increased demand and limited supply of aggregate and binder, asphalt producers have begun using RAP and RAS as valuable components in asphalt mixtures. Though the potential benefits are high, few state agencies have proceeded to use high percentages of RAP on their roadways. This is often attributed to the non-uniformity of RAP materials, as well as an agency's lack of confidence in the long term performance data and specifications. This problem is further augmented when RAS is used in conjunction with RAP in preparing asphalt mixtures. Different state agencies have their own guidelines with specifications for the allowable percentage of both RAP and/or RAS in asphalt mixtures. Further, a number of state departments of transportation (DOTs) have some level of experience using RAS in asphalt mixtures. The scope of this synthesis study is to summarize current practices and agency specifications for the use of RAP and/or RAS in the design, production, and construction of new asphalt mixtures. Results will benefit government agencies, researchers, and the asphalt industry in providing guidance on successful practices. It is hoped that these practices can be used by agencies when developing highway specifications for producing and maintaining quality asphalt pavements. This synthesis will include a literature review and a survey of state transportation agencies. Information from other federal and local entities, industries, and academia with interest in RAP and/or RAS, as well as international agencies' experiences shall be reviewed and included as available. From the results of the survey, a minimum of 3 to 5 agencies will be selected and case examples of their practices will be developed. Lessons learned and gaps in information will also be covered.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Asphalt shingles
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Specifications
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3794
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330920
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543390
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-04.The Impact of Geotechnical Investigation Scope on Construction Claims, Change Orders and Overruns
AB  - Construction claims and change orders due to unanticipated or varying subsurface conditions are common causes of project cost escalations. The extent, type, and quality of information obtained from subsurface exploration and testing programs for both design and construction is a significant consideration in minimizing and avoiding these project risks. The purpose of this synthesis is to document the extent and type of claims, change orders, and overruns related to the scope of the geotechnical investigation in highway construction. The synthesis will explore measures taken by transportation agencies to minimize and mitigate escalation of project costs as related to geotechnical investigation for design. Results will help practitioners make informed decisions in managing risks with the use of geotechnical information.
KW  - Change orders
KW  - Cost escalation
KW  - Cost overruns
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Project management
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Subsoil
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3793
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330787
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577741
TI  - R04 Bridge Design for Rapid Renewal

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370803
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543463
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-03. Performance Specifications for Asphalt Mixtures
AB  - Asphalt mixtures are typically designed within a given gradation band to meet a set of volumetric properties at a given laboratory compaction effort. This project will document the state-of-the-practice in performance specifications for asphalt mixtures and their use with traditional volumetric properties. Performance specifications can be performance related and/or performance based. Asphalt mixtures include both hot mix asphalt and warm mix asphalt. Volumetric properties may not provide optimum performance for mixtures that include recycled materials and/or certain types of modifiers. Some agencies have investigated performance specifications for asphalt mixtures. These specifications typically include tests for rutting and cracking. In addition, certain areas may require performance tests to address specific requirements, such as studded tire wear and moisture susceptibility tests. The scope of this synthesis study will focus on performance tests used in conjunction with volumetric properties for mixtures. Performance tests are intended to extend service life by guiding material selection (i.e. asphalt binder and aggregate) and proportions (i.e. asphalt content and gradations). Results will benefit government agencies, researchers, and the road-building industry in providing guidance on making better use of recycled materials while also providing better performing and more cost-effective asphalt mixtures for specific applications.  .
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Service life
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3792
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330919
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543086
TI  - Option Contracts Research
AB  - This research study will be done in order to take advantage of flexibilities in accelerating project delivery process as made possible by Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21).  More specifically, the purpose of this research is to identify means and methods of determining the value of an option, the process and/or the factors that would be used in evaluating the value of an option and how much, if any, of any proposed option consideration is appropriate for Federal-aid participation. Moreover, the research will identify when it is and is not appropriate to use option contracts on a Federal-aid highway project. The contractor shall research select transportation agencies, state departments of transportation (DOT's), local public agencies (LPAs) and industry professionals' websites and publications for contemporary material pertaining to the use of real estate option contracts that could be used to streamline the project delivery process when making offers to acquire ROW.  This includes, but is not limited to, internet web-based investigation and research of relevant publication and articles.
KW  - Local government agencies
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - Options
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Real estate industry
KW  - Right of way (Land)
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329817
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543088
TI  - Technical Support for Advancement of Freight Management and Operations - Scenario Planning of Future Freight and Passenger Traffic Flows across the US/Mexico and US/Canada Borders V1
AB  - Under this contract the contractor shall provide all material, equipment, labor, and any other items necessary to conduct comprehensive research and analysis (including the possible use of scenario planning) of future freight and passenger traffic flows across the US/Mexico and US/Canada Borders (over a 30 year period), through the year 2045.
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Passenger traffic
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - United States-Canada Border
KW  - United States-Mexico Border
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329819
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543087
TI  - Framework for Integrating and Institutionalizing Safety in the Transportation Planning Process
AB  - The Contractor shall coordinate all personnel, equipment, supplies, facilities, materials, supervision, and other items and non-personal services necessary to organize and conduct up to three Safety Boot Camps. Each boot camp will last eight hours and will describe the research from the NCHRP 08-76, review the safety framework, and help participants determine the necessary implementation steps within their own planning environments. It also will identify fiscal and other constraints to institutionalizing safety in the planning process. Outcomes from the workshops will inform the final Framework and Guidebook.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Planning methods
KW  - Safety
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Workshops
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329818
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577985
TI  - B&T-5 Tunnel Inspection Program-MAP-21Priority Sec. 111

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Strut and tie method
KW  - Tunnels
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371354
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577873
TI  - 2014-51 (OTHER) Program Implementation Assistance

AB  - Provide Program Implementation Assistance.

KW  - Highway planning
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Programming (Planning)
KW  - Technical assistance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371176
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538231
AU  - Donnell, Eric T
AU  - Solaimanian, Mansour
AU  - Stoffels, Shelley M
AU  - Kulis, Philip N
AU  - Pennsylvania State University, University Park
AU  - Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
AU  - Mid-Atlantic Universities Transportation Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Rumble Strips Installation on Thin Pavement Overlays
PY  - 2014/09/03/Final Report
SP  - 52p
AB  - The purpose of this project was to establish a synthesis of best practices from various state and other transportation agency stakeholders regarding the installation and re-installation of rumble strips on pavements treated with a thin pavement overlay. This was completed based on a review of existing literature and a state transportation agency outreach effort. The best practices are intended to provide a standardized, cost-effective process for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation to effectively utilize rumble strips in conjunction with thin pavement overlays. These include three rumble strip types (centerline,  edge line, and shoulder), two standard rumble strip depths (3/8-inch and ½-inch), and three thin overlay types (hot-mix asphalt, microsurfacing, and seal coat).
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Installation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Pennsylvania
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.mautc.psu.edu/docs/PSU-2014-02.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52500/52592/PSU-2014-02.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322127
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543630
TI  - FloodCast: A Framework for Enhanced Flood Event Decision Making for Transportation Resilience
AB  - Flooding, and the effects and impacts of flooding along transportation corridors, has caused billions of dollars of damage and countless deaths. Technology currently exists to accurately pinpoint those areas along a transportation corridor that are susceptible to flooding. Many state departments of transportation (DOTs) have a bridge flood monitoring program for structures that are susceptible to bridge scour. Additionally, most state DOTs have inundation mapping and use inundation modeling in the design of their transportation infrastructure. Although there are weather and climate tools and systems available for predicting changes in the weather and climate conditions, they have not yet been integrated to provide sufficient planning and prediction information required by state DOTs to carry out flood planning, risk management, mitigation, operations, and emergency response activities. Research is needed to translate the available technologies into a suite of tools and methods for use by decision makers at DOTs. Such research is intended to support DOTs in their efforts to develop and deploy emergency management early warning systems that can be applied to flood prediction and warning for enhanced flood event decision making and situational awareness for transportation resilience by harnessing available processes, tools, and hydrometeorology network capabilities. The objectives of this research are to develop a strategic framework and a prototype tool for enhanced flood event decision making. The framework and tool should help state DOTs plan, manage risks, mitigate hazards, and respond to flood and flash flood events. The framework and tool should address not only immediate flood impacts, but also cascading, escalating impacts. Given the large amount and diversity of applicable data and tools, the framework design should be flexible and scalable to accommodate the available data sets and allow users to easily share both data and products with other users, thereby fostering collaboration across government organizations and the private sector.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Floods
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Scour
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation corridors
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3725
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331583
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01536413
TI  - Storm Water Best Management Practices for Local Roadways
AB  - The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations require the implementation of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) into roadway construction projects for post construction runoff.  For local jurisdictions, the inclusion of these BMPs is difficult due to limited availability of space (i.e. right-of-way or easement).  Urbanized areas pose additional challenges with the presence of sidewalks, houses, and businesses while many rural areas are faced with inadequate right-of-way widths.  Further complicating the issue is the availability, or non-availability, of dedicated storm sewer systems in these areas. A variety of products are commercially available for stormwater management and a tremendous amount of research has been performed to establish BMPs.  Ohio Department of Transportation's (ODOT's) Location and Design (L&amp;D) Manual Volume 2 outlines several BMPs that have been approved by the Ohio EPA for use on federal aid projects.  While information on BMPs is available, it is not necessarily easily manageable or focused on local roadway applications.  A focused synthesis study to collect and analyze stormwater BMPs designed for utilization on Ohio's local transportation system is needed to assist locals in the consideration of BMPs. The goal of this research is to establish a methodology for recommending proven stormwater BMPs for use on Ohio's local roadway system that satisfy current regulations and are cost effective in terms of construction and maintenance by local governments.  The objective of this research is to develop a matrix of stormwater BMP alternatives for application on linear transportation projects on Ohio's local system.  The results of this research will provide local officials with a simplified tool to assist decision makers in selecting optimal BMPs for specific applications.  Ultimately, access to the findings of this research will aid locals in implementing the most efficient and cost effective stormwater BMPs enabling compliance with EPA regulations while adhering to budgetary constraints.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Detention basins
KW  - Easements
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Regulations
KW  - Right of way (Land)
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Runoff
KW  - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/9/OHI/2014/10/28/H1414523602145/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321517
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01534967
TI  - Analysis of Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) in Mix Design on Local Roadways in Ohio
AB  - For decades, transportation agencies have considered the incorporation of crumb rubber, now referred to as ground tire rubber (GTR), in asphalt mixtures to enhance the durability and longevity of pavements.  In addition to the improvements in pavements, GTR has demonstrated the potential for positive environmental impacts through its reuse of recycled tires.  While the benefits of using GTR appear to be great, the initial cost to implement GTR can often render the material as being cost-prohibited.  The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) has various specifications concerning asphalt mix designs (e.g.: Nos. 446 and 448) including GTR (e.g.: No. 887).  While these specifications address the utilization of materials on interstates and highways, their direct application to local roadways may not be appropriate.  Factors such as variations in traffic volume and traffic patterns (e.g.: intersections) may influence the performance of GTR resulting in the ODOT specifications being either over or under designed for local roads.  Furthermore, advances in technology over the years have increased the options available to transportation agencies in regards to both application methods and products.  Since 2005, GTR has been used on approximately 33 local roads and 3 state highways.  This presents Ohio with the opportunity to analyze the actual in-field performance of GTR, assess the pros and cons of using the material, and determine if the life-cycle cost of the materials offsets the installation costs. The goal of this two-phased research project is to assess the true life-cycle cost of GTR mixes on local roads within Ohio and identify opportunities for GTR to be more affordable.  The objective is to develop specifications and supplemental quality control/quality assurance (QC/QA) testing and acceptance criteria for GTR additive/mixture use on municipal and local roads.  The results of this research will provide local officials with enhanced knowledge and a field validated assessment of the life-cycle cost of GTR enhanced mixes on its use and performance.  The development of a specification for GTR use on local roads will encourage uniformity and provide clear guidance.  This information will be of assistance to local decision makers in managing budgets and the proper utilization of GTR on their respective projects.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Crumb rubber
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Recycled materials
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/9/OHI/2014/10/28/H1414523602145/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320824
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577465
TI  - Quality Assurance Data Analysis as a Leading Indicator for Infrastructure Condition Performance Management

AB  - The objective of this project is to examine the quality assurance data collected during pavement construction to determine whether and how it could be used as a leading indicator within an agency’s pavement management system in supporting performance management and pavement investment decisions.

KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Road construction
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370727
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577143
TI  - Porous-Graded Asphalt

AB  - The objective of this research is to support Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) by advancing the current knowledge and state-of-the-practice in the sciences and technologies utilized in the planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance and management of the porous-graded asphalt (PGA) used in the Nation’s highways. This will require synthesizing relevant information available and building upon that information to develop and carry out a research and implementation plan.  Strategically, this research will enable and expedite the development and deployment of PGA which will greatly improve the safety and efficiency of highway transportation.

KW  - Asphalt
KW  - Design
KW  - Paving
KW  - Planning
KW  - Porous pavements
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370391
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577137
TI  - Utilizing 3D Digital Design Data in Highway Construction – A Case Study

AB  - Select a representative highway project to showcase the successful utilization of three-dimensional (3D) digital design data and use the information gathered from that project to develop broader guidance that can be used by highway agencies. Through a comprehensive case study, a representative highway construction project that successfully transitioned digital data from design to construction, the objectives in the Key Project Objectives field will be accomplished.

KW  - Case studies
KW  - Digital displays
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Road construction
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370383
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543623
TI  - Intersection Crash Prediction Methods for the Highway Safety Manual
AB  - Research is needed to expand the range of intersection types addressed in the predictive methods in Chapters 10, 11, and 12 of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Highway Safety Manual (HSM). These methods address many of the more common intersection configurations and traffic control types, but there are many configurations that still need to be addressed to maximize the utility of the HSM. Intersection types where crashes are more likely should be given priority to be thoroughly addressed. Moreover, the existing methods do not include the ability to predict the change in the fatality and severity distribution as a result of a change in the intersection's design or traffic control features. Some examples of intersection configurations and traffic control modes that are not currently addressed in the HSM include: intersections with all-way stop control, intersections on high-speed expressways, three-leg intersections on rural highways with signal control, three-leg intersections with a commercial driveway forming a fourth leg, and five-leg intersections. The intersection at a single-point diamond interchange is also not currently addressed. Additionally, the methods do not currently address the crash frequency and severity distribution for intersections located on or near horizontal and vertical curves. Recent research indicates that rural intersection safety is negatively affected by wide medians in higher volume conditions, but positively affected by wide medians in lower volume conditions. This sensitivity is not included in the current HSM predictive methods for intersections. The method should provide information useful to the planning and design of streets and highways and should be sensitive to a wide range of intersection design elements and traffic control features. The objective of the research is to develop a set of crash predictive models consistent with existing methods that are comprehensive in their ability to address a wide range of intersection configurations and traffic control modes in rural and urban areas. The focus should be to: (1) address intersection configurations and traffic control types not currently addressed in the HSM and (2) develop supplemental models for predicting the severity distribution as a function of geometric design elements and traffic control features.
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Crash severity
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Manual
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic signal control systems
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3661
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331576
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543616
TI  - Experimental Design for Field Validation of Laboratory Tests to Assess Cracking Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures
AB  - Cracking is a primary mode of distress that creates the need for rehabilitation of asphalt pavements. Recent research studies have evaluated a variety of laboratory tests and models to assess the cracking potential of asphalt mixtures and recommended several for routine use. As asphalt mix designs become more complex with different binder modifiers, recycled materials, and warm mix asphalt technologies, pavement engineers have recognized the need to establish and implement reliable performance tests that can be used to evaluate mixes and ultimately extend the life of asphalt pavements. There are several modes of asphalt pavement cracking, such as low-temperature cracking, reflection cracking, fatigue cracking, and top-down cracking, all of which are affected by numerous factors and their interactions. One of the challenges associated with the validation of performance tests is correlating actual measured performance with the test results and associated models used to predict different modes of cracking. Full-scale field experiments, Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT) facilities, and test roads can provide well-documented loading and environmental conditions. These resources provide important links to calibrate and validate laboratory results to field performance and establish criteria for material properties and test results for use in future asphalt mixture specifications. Research is needed to select candidate laboratory cracking tests applicable for routine use and develop a plan for coordinated field experiments to establish, verify, and validate laboratory-to-field relationships for the candidate tests and criteria for assessing the cracking potential of asphalt mixtures. The objectives of this research are to (1) select candidate laboratory tests for load- and environment-associated cracking applicable for routine use through a literature review and workshop and (2) develop an experimental design for a series of coordinated field experiments to establish, verify, and validate (a) laboratory-to-field relationships for the candidate tests and (b) criteria for assessing the cracking potential of asphalt mixtures. The experiment shall provide a sound basis for recommending the tests most suitable to determine the resistance of an asphalt mixture to each type of load- and environment-associated cracking. It shall address the potential interrelationship among the various types of cracking mechanisms that contribute to load- and environment-associated cracking. The field experiments may include full-scale pavement sections as well as APT facilities.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3644
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331569
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543564
TI  - Characterization of Alaskan Hot-Mix Asphalt Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Material
AB  - Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been used for several decades in hot mix asphalt (HMA) for paving purposes. In Alaska, the new statewide HMA highway specification allows up to 15% RAP materials in the wearing course of a roadway pavement, and up to 25% RAP in the binder or base course layer(s). Though projects will see an increased use of these sustainable materials, the performance data on HMA containing RAP for surface course applications is limited. Thus, it is difficult to conduct mechanistic analysis procedures (e.g. AK Flexible Pavement Design software) for pavement design as it requires material engineering properties as input. Therefore, it is essential to properly characterize (i.e. develop/establish engineering properties) these HMA mixes containing RAP material, which is the main objective of this study. Through this study, the characterization of HMA mixes containing RAP material will yield: (1) mix modulus (stiffness) values at different temperatures, to be used in pavement design/analysis procedures, (2) rutting performance at intermediate and high temperatures, and (3) low-temperature thermal cracking performance. This comprehensive characterization can be used for pavement performance prediction and comparisons, using mechanistic empirical pavement procedures. The proposed research will address the theme of the Center for Environmentally Sustainable Transportation in Cold Climates (CESTiCC) and meet Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities' (AKDOT&PF's) strategic goal on highway preservation and sustainability in the area of designing transportation systems benefiting cold regions. Cost savings can be achieved if RAP material is incorporated in new or rehabilitation pavement projects provided it is properly designed, produced, and placed. Using RAP diverts material from the waste stream and preserves virgin aggregate resources. Representative and accurate mix properties will enable pavement designers to perform more reliable value engineering and life-cycle cost analyses.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Wearing course (Pavements)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331161
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543537
TI  - Defining the Boundary Conditions for Composite Behavior of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Structures
AB  - Geosynthetic mechanically stabilized earth (GMSE) and geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) have been successfully used for retaining wall support since the 1970's. While both GMSE and GRS incorporate layers of compacted granular fill material and geosynthetic reinforcement connected to a facing element, GRS consists of closer reinforcement spacing, typically 8 inches, whereas GMSE consists of larger spacing. Researchers and practitioners have noted that the observed performance (e.g., vertical and lateral deformation, thrust against the face, capacity, etc.) at both the strength and service limit states for closely spaced GRS is considerably different than that of larger spaced GMSE for a variety of applications, including retaining walls and bridge abutments. The current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications do not distinguish between GRS and GMSE and recommend the same design methodology (i.e., the Simplified Method) for both technologies. The Simplified Method models the reinforcement as tie-back elements whereby the purpose of the geosynthetic is to provide tensile resistance to the driving forces; however, in GRS, where reinforcement spacing is close, the geosynthetic serves multiple purposes (e.g., to increase confinement, to reduce lateral deformation, to suppress dilation, etc.). The impact of these added functions are not accounted for by the Simplified Method or other proposed design models for GMSE, which can lead to overly conservative and costly GRS designs. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has taken the first steps in differentiating between GMSE and GRS design and construction with separate guidance for each technology; the Simplified Method for GMSE and the Composite Method for GRS. The boundary between the design models is based on reinforcement spacing; however, the composite behavior of reinforced soil likely depends on more than the reinforcement spacing, including reinforced backfill properties, reinforcement properties, facing rigidity, and loading conditions. Before distinguishing the two technologies and implementing changes to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, the AASHTO Bridge Committee's T-15 technical committee has expressed interest in further defining the boundary of the composite nature of geosynthetic reinforced soil. Research is needed to evaluate the impact of the various related factors on the boundary between GMSE and GRS that result in a difference in performance. Recommendations on when to use a tie-back design model versus a composite design model for various applications should also be developed. Such research should propose modifications to the AASHTO specifications that enable recognition of a separate design model for closely spaced GRS different from that currently used for GMSE design, thus allowing for broader application of GRS. The objectives of this research are to: (1) determine the boundary conditions for composite behavior of GRS abutments as a function of, but not limited to, vertical spacing of soil reinforcements, reinforcement type (geotextiles and geogrids) and characteristics, and backfill properties; and (2) provide detailed proposed revisions to the AASHTO LRFD specifications, incorporating the results of the composite behavior portion of this research.
KW  - Backfill soils
KW  - Bridge abutments
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Geosynthetics
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Mechanically stabilized earth
KW  - Retaining walls
KW  - Tensile properties
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3670
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331134
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543389
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 46-02. Roundabout Design, Operations, and Safety Practices
AB  - The use of modern roundabouts as an alternative for intersection control has increased dramatically in recent years across the United States. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 672, Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, Second Edition, is an authoritative, but not prescriptive, guide on roundabout design. State and municipal roadway agencies are free to use a range of sources and engineering judgment to establish their policies and design guidelines for roundabouts. The purpose of this synthesis is to document and summarize the current roundabout policies, guidance, and practices within state departments of transportation (DOTs). The primary focus will be on roundabout selection and design with a secondary focus on performance. The synthesis will be a useful reference to agencies that are creating or updating roundabout and intersection control policies.
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Intersection elements
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Roundabouts
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3791
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330786
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01537882
TI  - Using Information at Different Spatial Scales to Estimate Demand to Support Asset Management Decision Making
AB  - This project builds on two ongoing Center for Advanced Infrastructure &amp; Transportation (CAIT) projects: the University of Delaware (UD) project "Understanding the Relationships between Household Decisions and Infrastructure Investment in Disaster Recovery: Cases from Superstorm Sandy" and the collaborative project (involving UD, Rutgers and Utah) "Big Data: Opportunities and Challenges in Asset Management." These projects have identified some important large data sources, including survey and sensor data,  that are relevant to forecasting demand and understand the needs of communities. In addition other parallel efforts provide map based data on infrastructure vulnerability (for example, "Climate Change Vulnerability and Risk Assessment of New Jersey's (NJ's) Transportation Infrastructure"). Furthermore, the project is consistent with the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) requirement for states to develop risk-based asset management programs. The research will begin with a literature review to build on relevant new research and initiate an inventory of relevant data and methods. The research team will then develop a framework for integrating the data to support asset management functions. This is more comprehensive in terms of the types of data than the research currently being conducted as part of the UD project and more focused on demand estimation than the exploratory research that is part of the "big data" collaborative project. Using the framework, a case study focused on Sea Bright, NJ will be developed. Our clients are the mayor of Sea Bright, and chair of the Sea Bright 2020 Steering Committee but the project expects to engage other participants. The project will draw on input from the community in the form of the surveys that are about to launch, reports from community meetings, past plans and studies (for example a Smart Growth plan and a study by Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy students), and plans, geographic information system (GIS) and transportation data from Monmouth County, North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority,  and New Jersey Department of Transportation. The case study will be presented at a workshop and the framework updated to reflect comments and other inputs.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Disasters and emergency operations
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Hurricane Sandy, 2012
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - Risk assessment
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/cait/research/using-information-different-spatial-scales-estimate-demand-support-asset-management-de
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324261
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01599877
AU  - Squire, Devin
AU  - Heaslip, Kevin
AU  - Utah State University, Logan
AU  - Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development for Transportation Asset Management Inventory &
Management Tools
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 168p
AB  - Mobile technology is becoming more and more pervasive within the consumer industry. Devices such as smartphones and tablets are able to relay information effectively and affordably either with or without an accompanying cellular connectivity plan. The effect of this technology is slowly making its way through the corporate world. Recognizing that this technology has the potential to affect workflow practices within a Department of Transportation, this report first presents two mobile applications to address specific areas of concern identified within the Utah Department of Transportation. The first application creates a living directory that provides specific information regarding employees, equipment, and location within maintenance shed locations throughout the state of Utah. The second application provides a seamless method of information transfer as it relates to traffic signs from the field directly to central servers in an effort to reduce data loss and corruption. In order to facilitate a determination of effectiveness, the second aspect of this report develops a framework through which the developed applications can be deemed as either effective or ineffective given indicators of fit, viability, usability, and productivity. These areas are assessed using a defined survey that presents users of the mobile applications with a series of questions relevant to each of the four indicators. The surveys are then analyzed through both descriptive and inferential statistical methods in order to provide a conclusion of effectiveness. Because they seek to develop a basic framework, the concepts and practices presented in this report can be used as a guide for the assessment of other mobile applications as they become available. As such, the application of this framework will allow agencies to confidently incorporate mobile technology into everyday work practices.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Inventory
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Mobile applications
KW  - Smartphones
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic signs
KW  - Utah Department of Transportation
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-002-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1407815
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01594281
AU  - Hunter, Michael
AU  - Rodgers, Michael
AU  - Corso, Gregory
AU  - Xu, Yanshi Ann
AU  - Greenwood, Aaron
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improved Methods for Delineating Diverges in Work Zones
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 74p
AB  - This report presents results from an investigation regarding the impacts of various delineation methods on driver performance in properly identifying the condition and location of work zone diverges. The motivation for this research program stems from the needs to (1) understand the fundamental principles behind driver perception of traffic control devices in a work zone; (2) understand how the design and configuration of work zone traffic control devices interact with these principles to impact human performance; and (3) develop cost-effective screening methods to test new designs and configurations. A testing method was developed in which computer-rendered still images (near photo-realistic) of various work zone environments were briefly shown to participants who were asked to identify (1) the location of a diverge within a work zone and (2) its condition (i.e., open or closed) when given a very limited response time. To examine these issues, three separate but related experiments were conducted. In each, the responses from participants were collected and analyzed in terms of percent correct, several error types, and the observed latency (time delay) in making the ramp identification decision. In almost all circumstances delineation devices that maintained continuity and linearity throughout the desired path resulted in better human performance. The experiments also showed that when a construction project requires the full closure of a ramp then driver understanding of delineation becomes increasing challenging. Finally, in several instances, scenarios without delineation equipment showed greater errors. This observation indicates that the presence of equipment may provide additional cues signaling active work zones to drivers.
KW  - Diverging traffic
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Perception
KW  - Ramps (Interchanges)
KW  - Testing
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/10-07.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1398320
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01587634
AU  - Hyman, Robert
AU  - Kafalenos, Robert
AU  - Beucler, Brian
AU  - Culp, Michael
AU  - ICF International
AU  - Parsons Brinckerhoff
AU  - South Coast Engineers
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessment of Key Gaps in the Integration of Climate Change Considerations into Transportation Engineering: Task 2.3
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 69p
AB  - In many areas of the United States, climate change is bringing an increase in frequency of extreme heat and precipitation, as well as an increase in sea level rise and associated storm surge, and a host of secondary impacts. These climate stressors are taxing an already aging transportation system, and the continuation or acceleration of these trends are often not accounted for in new construction. Recent research has provided insights into how scientists believe the climate may change, and recent pilot studies have revealed anticipated vulnerabilities of transportation agencies. However, research on how transportation practitioners should use and react to this information is still limited. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is seeking to provide answers through the development of case studies and methodologies in the Transportation Engineering Approaches to Climate Resiliency Project. A first step to addressing these shortcomings is the identification of exactly what type of assistance practitioners need. This report (1) Reviews gaps in information and practice related to integrating climate change into transportation engineering and (2) Recommends a select set of gaps for further investigation in the remainder of the project.
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Research
KW  - Transportation engineering
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/ongoing_and_current_research/teacr/key_gaps/fhwahep15059.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395309
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01582198
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Ramp Metering: A Proven Effective Strategy
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 4p
AB  - Ramp metering is a strategy used to regulate the volume of vehicles entering a freeway at a given time thereby seeking optimal freeway operations. Access to the freeway is controlled using a traffic signal that is powered by an algorithm that uses real-time system traffic data to determine the rate at which vehicles should enter the freeway. This breaks up the platoons of vehicles attempting to merge onto the mainline. Vehicles already on the mainline will not need to reduce their speed as much due to the spacing of the entering vehicles. This document briefly explores the benefits, common challenges, keys for successful deployment, public outreach, and performance measurements of ramp metering. Case studies are also included.
KW  - Benefits
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Ramp metering
UR  - http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14021/fhwahop14021.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1375676
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576199
AU  - Tyagi, Avdhesh K
AU  - Ali, Abdelfatah
AU  - Hamilton, Matthew
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Energy Dissipation in Thirty-Foot Broken-Back Culverts Using Laboratory Models
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 170p
AB  - This research investigates the reduction in scour downstream of a broken-back culvert by forming a hydraulic jump inside the culvert. A broken-back culvert is used in areas of high relief and steep topography as it has one or more breaks in profile slope. A broken-back culvert in the laboratory represents a 1 (vertical) to 2 (horizontal) slope after the upstream inlet and then continuing 90 feet at a 1 percent slope in the flat part of the culvert to the downstream outlet. The prototypes for these experiments were either a two barrel 10-foot by 10-foot, or a two barrel 10-foot by 20-foot reinforced concrete culvert. The drop between inlet and outlet was selected as 30 feet. Three flow conditions were simulated, consisting of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 times the culvert depth. This report represents Phase V of broken-back culverts with a drop of 30 feet. The first phase of this research was performed with a drop of 24 feet, the second phase of this research was carried with for a drop of 6 feet, the third phase of this research, performed was a drop of 18 feet, and the fourth phase of this research was performed with a drop of 12 feet. The Froude number (Fᵣ₁) of the hydraulic jump created in the flat part of the culvert ranged between 2.53 and 5.66. This Fᵣ₁ classifies the jump as an oscillating to steady jump. The jump began nearly at the toe by placing sills and friction blocks of different sizes in the flat part. For new culvert construction, the best option to maximize energy dissipation under open channel flow conditions is to use one 5.83-foot sill located 33.33 feet from the outlet. The maximum length of the culvert can be reduced from 25 feet to 30 feet that was for middle sill. For existing and new culverts, the best option is to use one end sill with height of 6.67-foot. In pressure flow conditions, the optimal location was determined at a distance of 31.67 feet from the outlet for 4.17-foot sill. The length of the culvert can be reduced by 25 feet to 30 feet. Also, for new and existing culverts, the optimal end sill is to use one 4.17-foot sill height under pressure flow conditions. Such a scenario is important where right-of-way problems exist for culvert construction. Also examined was a slotted sill which has a cut in the middle for cleanup purposes. In open channel flow conditions, the best option to maximize energy dissipation is to use one 5.83-foot slotted sill located 33.33 feet from the outlet, and for end slotted sill is to use 7.5-foot height. In the pressure flow conditions, the optimal slotted sill was 5-foot at a distance of 41.67 feet from the outlet, and for end slotted sill is to use 4.17-foot height. The regular and slotted sills contain two small orifices at the bottom to allow the culvert to completely drain. The impact of friction blocks was found to be minimal. No friction blocks were used to further dissipate the energy.
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Dissipation
KW  - Froude number
KW  - Hydraulic jump
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Reinforced concrete
KW  - Scour
UR  - http://l92018.eos-intl.net/elibsql16_L92018_Documents/FHWA-OK-14-10%202254%20Tyagi.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1369876
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570329
AU  - Glisic, Branko
AU  - Schumacher, Thomas
AU  - Betti, Raimondo
AU  - Princeton University
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Multi-Sensor Sheets Based on Large-Area Electronics for Advanced Structural Health Monitoring of
Civil Infrastructure
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 37p
AB  - Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has a great potential to provide valuable information about the actual structural condition and can help optimize the management activities. However, few effective and robust monitoring technology exist which hinders a nationwide use of SHM in on-site application for structural condition evaluations. The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate a prototype of a novel multi-sensor sheet that is inexpensive, can be equipped with a variety of different sensors, easy to fabricate and deploy, and which provides densely spaced quantitative measurements from large areas of a structure. This sheet is based on technology called large-area electronics and consists of dense arrays of sensors supporting several different electronic components (interconnects, circuits, batteries, etc.) that are patterned or laminated on a polyimide substrate. The sensors that can be incorporated in this sheet are, for example, strain gauges, temperature and humidity sensors, and piezoelectric transducers. At this stage, the development focused on strain sensors and piezoelectric transducers to address the challenges presented above. The design principles for sensing sheet were created. Prototypes were manufactured and successfully tested in laboratory under fatigue crack condition. Different configurations of sensors were tested to assess their performances. Data analysis algorithms were elaborated. The project description and outcomes are presented in detail in the report.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Design
KW  - Fatigue cracking
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Piezoelectric transducers
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Sheets
KW  - Strain (Mechanics)
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-025-final.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55237/CAIT-UTC-025-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359777
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570280
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The FHWA 2015 R&T Story: Research and Innovative Solutions for the Nation’s Highway Challenges
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 44p
AB  - The responsibility of the federal government is to fund and conduct research and technology (R&T) activities of national interest that will lead to finding solutions to highway transportation issues and significantly advance technology innovation with a clear public benefit when private investment is neither present nor sufficient. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) coordinates with State departments of transportation (DOTs), and local agencies, industry, and academia because, in addition to conducting research, those agencies are responsible for deploying and implementing research products and innovations on State and local transportation systems. This FHWA 2015 R&T Story presents some of the national highway transportation challenges, and discusses how the research and innovations conducted or sponsored by FHWA address these challenges and contribute to changes and improvements in the transportation system. This document also highlights a variety of research projects and activities that demonstrate FHWA’s positive and long-lasting impact on the national highway transportation system. Topics include: advancing safety, improving mobility, preserving infrastructure, enhancing system performance, and promoting sustainability.
KW  - Highways
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Research projects
KW  - Sustainable transportation
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Transportation system management
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/general/14091/14091.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359684
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01561004
AU  - Guin, Angshuman
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Integrating Intersection Traffic Signal Data into a Traffic Monitoring Program
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 99p
AB  - The objective of this study was to provide the Georgia Department of Transportation with an evaluation of the feasibility of integrating intersection traffic signal data into a traffic monitoring program. Some of the pertinent conclusions from this study are: Accuracy of 15-minute aggregates of vehicle counts is above 90% at a 95% level of confidence at majority of the study sites; Data quality at some intersections are affected by insufficient offset of the detection zone from the stop bar, leading to queuing of vehicles over the detector and resulting in over-counting of vehicles; and Data from intersections using video based detection are of comparable quality as other intersections using inductive loop detectors. For using the intersection signal detector data for traffic monitoring the following cautions need to be exercised: (1) Discard locations with data spikes i.e. detectors reporting more than 500 vehicles per lane per 15 minutes (threshold can be fine-tuned) at any single data-point. (2) Ensure stability of data connection for completeness of data at remote locations which use wireless data transfers. (3) Data availability does not guarantee data quality. Check plot of historical data for expected traffic patterns before considering use of data in traffic monitoring. (4) Use data from signal detector downstream of midblock location (i.e. use data from two intersections instead of one). (5) Use data from locations where the inductive loop detectors are physically located upstream of the beginning of turn lanes (if any). (6) Avoid locations where there is evidence (can be confirmed with site visit during peak period) of vehicles queuing over the detection zone. To improve the usability of intersection signal detector data for traffic monitoring it is recommended that for future installations and maintenance on existing detectors, detection zones are moved further upstream beyond the maximum queue length of a typical peak hour queue and beyond the beginning of the turn lanes. If it is not possible to move detections zones upstream of turn lanes, detectors should be installed on turn lanes as well. Based on the findings of the study, it is apparent that in majority of the cases, the intersection signal detector data is similar in quality to pneumatic tube count data in terms of both the mean and variability of the errors. However, there are two major concerns. Firstly, the intersection signal detector data does not provide classification data. If this is a major impediment in using the intersection signal detector data in traffic monitoring, this problem should be further investigated to identify possible solutions or workarounds. Secondly, as with any detection technology, the accuracy of the induction loop data feeding into the signal cabinets is dependent on the field deployment characteristics. While there is some variability in the level of error from site to site, in general following the intersection eligibility criteria guidelines should help ensure high quality of data for use in the traffic monitoring program. If the data from a particular site is expected to be used extensively on a long term basis, validation of the data via short term counts is recommended.
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Detectors
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Traffic queuing
KW  - Traffic surveillance
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/13-10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1349703
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560333
AU  - Biton, Anna
AU  - Daddio, David
AU  - Andrew, James
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Statewide Pedestrian and Bicycle Planning Handbook
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 94p
AB  - This handbook is designed to help State departments of transportation (DOTs) develop or update State pedestrian and bicycle plans. Based on research including interviews with nine State DOTs and critical evaluations of documents from 15 States, this handbook covers statewide planning from plan inception and scoping to engaging stakeholders and the general public; developing goals, objectives and strategies; collecting and analyzing data; linking to the larger statewide transportation planning process; and implementation. For each stage of the planning process, this handbook uses recent experiences and noteworthy practices from DOTs around the country, helping inform a new generation of statewide nonmotorized planning and implementation.
KW  - Bicycle travel
KW  - Bicycling
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Nonmotorized transportation
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Plan implementation
KW  - Planning
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54500/54587/Ped-Bike_State_Planning_Handbook.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344678
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557288
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hee (Sonny)
AU  - Yang, Jidong
AU  - Southern Polytechnic State University
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Guidelines for Proper Selection of Finer Graded Aggregate Base for Georgia Pavements - Phase I
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 56p
AB  - In this study, the effects of No. 810 screening contents in graded aggregate base (GAB) on pavement performance and GAB strength were investigated. One Group I (013C) source and three Group II sources (028C, 048C, and 158C) were selected and specimens were prepared for Proctor Test, California Bearing Ration (CBR) measurement, and morphological analysis. It showed that Proctor and CBR test results were influenced by morphological data and particle size distribution. It was found that replacing 25% of GAB with No. 810 screening materials decreased the density and strength of Group II assemblies while the opposite was true for Group I assemblies. Pavement performance with/without screening materials in GAB was simulated using the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) software based on the measured CBR. As a result, replacing GAB with 25% of screening materials increased alligator cracking when Group II sources were used and decreased alligator cracking when Group I sources were used. Nevertheless, most of the aggregate assemblies with 25% of screening materials didn’t meet the Georgia Department of Transportation's (GDOT’s) GAB gradation requirements. Thus, further investigations including the permeability, plasticity index, resilient modulus, and life cycle cost analysis, may be needed prior to the adoption of screening materials in GAB. Additionally, a new methodology was developed to estimate the stress-strain relationship of unbound aggregate base using linear viscoelastic theory. Aggregate specimens prepared from two different sources were subjected to CBR test and relaxation modulus test thereafter. From the test data, the time-dependent stress due to a known strain rate was computed as a convolution integral of the strain. The computed stress-strain relationship was compared with ones from the resilient modulus test. The results indicate that the stress-strain relationships from the resilient modulus test and the convolution integral are quite comparable with nearly same slopes when horizontal stress is assumed as approximately 45% of vertical stress. Given this agreement, the proposed methodology could be used to assist state highway agencies to validate the resilient modulus test results for quality control and quality assurance of aggregate base materials for pavement design and construction.
KW  - Alligator cracking
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - California bearing ratio
KW  - Deformation curve
KW  - Fine aggregates
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Modulus of resilience
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Screenings
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346740
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01556463
AU  - Hans, Zachary
AU  - Hawkins, Neal
AU  - Gkritza, Konstantina
AU  - Shaheed, Mohammad
AU  - Nlenanya, Inya
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Mid-America Transportation Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Safety and Mobility Impacts of Winter Weather – Phase 3
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 86p
AB  - Highway agencies spend millions of dollars to ensure safe and efficient winter travel. However, the effectiveness of winter-weather maintenance practices on safety and mobility are somewhat difficult to quantify. Safety and Mobility Impacts of Winter Weather - Phase 1 investigated opportunities for improving traffic safety on state-maintained roads in Iowa during winter-weather conditions. In Phase 2, three Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) high-priority sites were evaluated and realistic maintenance and operations mitigation strategies were also identified. In this project, site prioritization techniques for identifying roadway segments with the potential for safety improvements related to winter-weather crashes, were developed through traditional naïve statistical methods by using raw crash data for seven winter seasons and previously developed metrics. Additionally, crash frequency models were developed using integrated crash data for four winter seasons, with the objective of identifying factors that affect crash frequency during winter seasons and screening roadway segments using the empirical Bayes technique. Based on these prioritization techniques, 11 sites were identified and analyzed in conjunction with input from Iowa DOT district maintenance managers and snowplow operators and the Iowa DOT Road Weather Information System (RWIS) coordinator.
KW  - Bayes' theorem
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Winter
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://matc.unl.edu/assets/documents/matcfinal/Hans_SafetyandMobilityImpactsofWinterWeather-Phase3.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344947
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01555792
AU  - Betti, Raimondo
AU  - Columbia University
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Combining Model Based and Data Based Techniques in a Robust Bridge Health Monitoring Program
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 59p
AB  - Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) aims to analyze civil, mechanical and aerospace systems in order to assess incipient damage occurrence. In this project, the authors are concerned with the development of an algorithm within the SHM paradigm for application to civil engineering structures. Vibration-based techniques are the ones considered to be the most appropriate to perform SHM of civil engineering structures. They are based on the premise that damage will alter the properties of the structure, which will be manifested in its dynamic response. Thus, by measuring and analyzing the vibration response time histories it will be possible to detect such changes. A “mixed” approach to vibration based SHM is explored in this project, combining the comparative advantages provided by “model based” and solely “data based” techniques. A damage sensitive feature (DSF) is defined using experimental modal parameters which may be obtained from operational/ambient vibration response of the structure. This DSF is proportional to the relative change in any diagonal element of the stiffness matrix of a model of the structure, with structural damage being represented as localized stiffness reduction. Although the DSF is derived in a model-based setting, necessary parametric modeling assumptions are kept to a minimum. The DSFs extracted from measured vibration response data are used to perform damage assessment in a statistical pattern recognition (data-based) framework, using empirical complementary cumulative distribution functions (ECCDFs) of the DSFs. The inherent statistical nature of the framework allows for uncertainties induced by measurement noise, environmental/ambient effects etc. Methods are discussed to perform a three-fold probabilistic structural health assessment: (a) “Is there a change in the current state of the structure compared to the baseline state?”, (b) “Does the change indicate a localized stiffness reduction or increase?”, with the latter representing a situation of verification of retrofitting operations, and (c) “What is the severity of the change in a probabilistic sense?”. Particular effort is made to account for “non-damage” related structural variations, induced, for example, by diurnal temperature changes, using lower and upper bound ECCDFs to define the baseline structural state. Such an approach is intended to decouple normal structural variations from damage induced changes. The damage assessment procedure is discussed using numerical simulations of ambient vibration testing of a bridge deck system, considering both complete and partial instrumentation scenarios.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Damage assessment
KW  - Dynamic response (Structures)
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Vibration
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-015-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342960
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554364
AU  - Fine, Alisa
AU  - Colton, Paige
AU  - Cotton, Ben
AU  - Futcher, Emily
AU  - Middleton, Scott
AU  - Merrefield, Clark
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Geospatial Tools for Data-Sharing: Case Studies of Select Transportation Agencies
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 80p
AB  - This report explores how State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) and other transportation agencies are developing and using geospatial tools, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to support increased collaboration and improved information-sharing. These objectives are associated with the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Geospatial Data Collaboration (GDC) initiative, which encourages State DOTs and others to use geospatial tools to streamline and improve transportation decision-making. This report provides examples of GIS and geospatial tools that support GDC objectives from 21 State DOTs and one non-profit organization. The examples comprise a spectrum of activities that include collecting geospatial data, integrating or consolidating geospatial data into a common framework, developing standards and common formats for these data, accessing these data, and using these data to better communicate with stakeholders.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data sharing
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54469/GeoSpatialToolsForDataSharingCaseStudies.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342278
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554323
AU  - Leahy, Rita
AU  - Yang, Shih-Shien Sam
AU  - Vargas, Adriana
AU  - Schmalzer, Peter
AU  - Nichols Consulting Engineers, Chartered
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effects of Deicing/Anti‐Icing Chemicals (DIAICs) on Rubberized Asphalt Pavements
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 62p
AB  - The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of typical chemical winter maintenance practices on Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) pavements. A review of previous studies on the effect of deicing/anti‐icing chemicals (DIAICs) did not yield definitive recommendations, especially for DIAICs typically used by ADOT. Researchers conducted a laboratory study evaluating the effects of magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, and distilled water on eight different open‐graded rubber‐modified asphalt concrete mixes using the boiling test (ASTM D3625). All experimental factors were found to be statistically significant, and the researchers provide recommendations on which DIAICs should be used for different binder and aggregate types.  
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Asphalt rubber
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Deicing
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/AZ617.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1343905
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551429
AU  - Bowman, Mark D
AU  - Chou, Raymond
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Review of Load Rating and Posting Procedures and Requirements
SN  - 9781622603237
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 55p
AB  - All states are required to load rate and post bridges in order to comply with federal standards. Load ratings are performed in order to determine the safe live load capacity of a bridge, considering the existing conditions of the bridge. Based on the load ratings, the bridge is evaluated for load posting or strengthening. The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) was notified that their practice for load rating and posting did not satisfy 23 CFR 650.313. The purpose of this study was to summarize and compare load rating and posting procedures used in other states and to provide recommendations and information necessary to modify the load rating and posting procedures in INDOT’s Bridge Inspection Manual (Part 3: Load Rating) in order to satisfy 23 CFR 650.313. In order to understand how load rating and posting is performed in other states, department of transportation (DOT) manuals were examined, questionnaires were sent to states, and additional states of interest were surveyed. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) The Manual for Bridge Evaluation, Second Edition, which is the current specification for load rating and posting bridges was reviewed, as well as older AASHTO bridge evaluation manuals. Based on this information, revisions were proposed to the INDOT Bridge Inspection Manual (Part 3: Load Rating) in order to eliminate current deficiencies.
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Load factor
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3059&context=jtrp
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341029
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551268
AU  - Smith, Kurt
AU  - Harrington, Dale
AU  - Pierce, Linda
AU  - Ram, Preshant
AU  - Smith, Kelly
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Concrete Pavement Preservation Guide
PY  - 2014/09//2nd Edition
SP  - 307p
AB  - This document provides valuable guidance and information on the selection, design, and construction of cost-effective concrete pavement preservation treatments. It is based on a document prepared in 2008 but has been revised and expanded to include updated information to assist highway agencies in effectively managing their concrete pavement network through the application of timely and effective preservation treatments. The preservation approach typically uses low-cost, minimally invasive techniques to improve the overall condition of the pavement. In addition to several introductory chapters covering pavement preservation concepts and pavement evaluation, eight chapters on specific concrete pavement preservation treatments are included: slab stabilization, partial-depth repairs, full-depth repairs, retrofitted edge drains, load transfer restoration, diamond grinding, joint resealing, and concrete overlays. Each of these chapters discusses the purpose of each treatment, its limitations and effectiveness, material and design considerations, construction recommendations, and quality assurance/troubleshooting information. In addition, a final chapter is included on strategy selection procedures.
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Joint sealing
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Paving
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Slabs
UR  - http://www.cptechcenter.org/technical-library/documents/preservation_guide_2nd_ed_508_final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1339599
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551258
AU  - Harrington, Dale
AU  - Fick, Gary
AU  - Taylor, Peter
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Preservation and Rehabilitation of Urban Concrete Pavements Using Thin Concrete Overlays: Solutions for Joint Deterioration in Cold Weather States
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 41p
AB  - The purpose of this guide is to provide a resource for pavement owners, designers, and contractors to design and construct successful thin (≤ 5-in.) concrete overlays, both bonded and unbonded, as a longer-term (15 years of more) preservation solution for concrete pavements with prematurely deteriorating joints. It covers topics such as selecting appropriate candidate pavements for such an overlay and designing and constructing thin overlays in urban areas. It also summarizes several case studies. This guide is a companion document to the Guide to Concrete Overlays: Sustainable Solutions for Resurfacing and Rehabilitating Existing Pavements, Third Edition (2014), and Guide to the Design of Concrete Overlays Using Existing Methodologies (2012).
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Cold weather
KW  - Concrete overlays
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Pavement joints
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - http://www.cptechcenter.org/technical-library/documents/thin_concrete_508_compliant_final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1339600
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01549007
AU  - Deeter, Dean
AU  - Crowson, Ginny
AU  - Roelofs, Tina
AU  - Schroeder, Jeremy
AU  - Gopalakrishna, Deepak
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Best Practices for Road Condition Reporting Systems: Synthesis Report
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 104p
AB  - Often, the center of an agency’s traveler information system is a Road Condition Reporting System (RCRS). The RCRS is frequently the focal point, populated by manual and automated data and information feeds, supplying information to various information dissemination mechanisms. While the potential benefits of an RCRS are obvious, there are also costs of associated with the development, management, and support of the software system as well as costs associated with the operator time to perform entry. The benefits and costs are impacted by many institutional and technical issues that operations managers must face. This report presents a synthesis of current industry practices regarding the design, development, operation, maintenance, and use of RCRSs. This report compiles information received through a survey and interviews with transportation agencies throughout North America to understand the uses of RCRSs and to identify industry practices that have delivered benefits to the agencies operating RCRSs. A total of 49 Current RCRS Industry Practices, 7 Best Practices, and 3 Emerging Best Practices are described in this report.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Highways
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - North America
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Transportation departments
KW  - Traveler information and communication systems
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14023/fhwahop14023.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1336010
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01549004
AU  - Gallivan, Frank
AU  - Rose, Eliot
AU  - Choe, James
AU  - Williamson, Scott
AU  - Houk, Jeff
AU  - Jack Faucett Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Venner Consulting
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Infrastructure Carbon Estimator: Final Report and User's Guide
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 96p
AB  - This study developed a method of estimating energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from construction and maintenance of transportation systems. Designed as a spreadsheet-based model for practitioners, the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) Infrastructure Carbon Estimator is based on data collected from state departments of transportation (DOTs), a nationwide database of construction bid documents, and consultation with transportation engineers and lifecycle analysis experts. The new tool improves upon previously available methods, which often require complex inputs or are based on outdated research. The Estimator allows users to create “ballpark” estimates of energy and GHG emissions using limited data inputs. This approach allows the tool to be used in transportation planning processes before details about specific facility dimensions, materials, and construction practices are known. The User’s Guide component of this document provides a step-by-step guide to using the tool. Detailed instructions and explanations of key input parameters are also provided in the tool itself.
KW  - Computer program documentation
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Energy
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Spreadsheets
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/mitigation/publications_and_tools/carbon_estimator/users_guide/fhwahep14052.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1336061
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548657
AU  - Preisen, Linda
AU  - Deeter, Dean
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Ministry of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Next Generation Traffic Data and Incident Detection from Video
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 49p
AB  - The term Video Analytics refers to the capability of analyzing video feeds to determine events that are not based on a single image. A number of commercially available Video Analytics systems are available that are capable of processing video streams from fixed and pan-tilt-zoom traffic cameras and then automatically creating alerts for conditions such as traffic incidents, stopped/slow moving vehicles, wrong-way vehicle movements, wildlife, and debris in real-time. Additionally, data collected by these systems can include traffic volume by lane, speed, vehicle classification, and lane occupancy. The Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) partnered with the ENTERPRISE Transportation Pooled Fund Program to conduct a project to research and document the potential for Video Analytics as a tool for traffic operations centers (TOCs) and for traffic data collection. This report summarizes the testing results of several systems in the United States (Iowa, Missouri) and in Ontario, Canada, under real-world environments.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Incident detection
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Ontario (Province)
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Traffic control centers
KW  - Traffic surveillance
KW  - Video
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/nextgenerationvideo/ENT_VideoAnalytics_Report_Sept2014_FINAL.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333218
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548639
AU  - Shi, Xianming
AU  - Xie, Ning
AU  - Dang, Yudong
AU  - Muthumani, Anburaj
AU  - Huang, Jiang
AU  - Hagel, Adam
AU  - Forsythe, Shane
AU  - Selig, Elizabeth
AU  - Falk, Dustin
AU  - McVey, Eli
AU  - Kessel, Amanda
AU  - Martins, Callie
AU  - Zhang, Yan
AU  - Fang, Yida
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Understanding and Mitigating Effects of Chloride Deicer Exposure on Concrete
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 166p
AB  - Field and laboratory investigations were conducted to examine the effects of chloride deicers on concrete bridge decks and to identify and evaluate best practices and products to mitigate such effects. The concrete bridge decks exposed to potassium acetate (KAc) or magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) deicer showed significant reductions in their compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and microhardness, whereas those exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) deicer and without signs of surface distress did not. Visual inspection would be misleading for assessing the condition of concrete bridge decks exposed to MgCl₂ deicer, as the chemical attack by MgCl₂ generally does not exhibit apparent signs of distress. Chloride penetration as low as 0.1 in (2.5 mm) based on silver nitrate (AgNO₃) spray method does not guarantee the integrity of the concrete exposed to MgCl₂ deicer. At least half of cored Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) bridge decks exhibited air void spacing factor higher than 200 microns (0.008 inches) per the ASTM C457 test method, indicating that they no longer have a proper air-void system for freeze-thaw resistance. The role of MgCl₂ in the carbonation and alkali silica reaction (ASR) of field concrete, if any, is not significant, but KAc may play a significant role in contributing to ASR in concrete containing reactive aggregate. The microscopic evidence further suggests that the concrete in the field environment had been affected by both physical and chemical degradation by the joint action of freeze-thaw cycles and MgCl₂. A set of mortar samples can be deployed to assess the cumulative MgCl₂ exposure at a given site. A simplistic empirical-mechanistic model was developed to evaluate the conditions of the current bridge decks. Surface treatments, especially penetrating sealers and water repellents should be used to protect new concrete and existing concrete without too much chloride contamination. For any surface treatment to be used, it is important to select products with high resistance to both gas and water penetration to maximize the concrete’s resistance to “salt scaling”. When the concrete surface has deteriorated to a more severe degree, overlays should be used. For concrete decks exposed to freeze-thaw and wet-dry cycles and both NaCl and MgCl₂ deicers, silica fume modified cementitious overlays and micro-fiber modified cementitious overlays should be used. For decks mainly exposed to MgCl₂ deicer, Castek T48 polymer overlay is a good candidate. For areas that are also subjected to studded tires and high risk of abrasion, Castek T48 and KwikBond PPC-1121 polymer overlays should be used instead of cementitious overlays.
KW  - Alkali silica reactions
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Freeze thaw durability
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Strength of materials
KW  - Surface course (Pavements)
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR742_EffectsOfChlorideDeicer_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335918
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548594
AU  - Andrews, Scott
AU  - Cogenia Partners
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Deployment Strategy for Rural Connected Vehicle Systems
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 18p
AB  - This document describes the deployment options and the recommended strategy of the deployment of a Rural Connected Vehicle system. The intent of this effort was to identify the needs of rural users and the constraints imposed by the rural environment, and to conceptualize a variant of the connected vehicle system that is uniquely adapted to meet those needs given those constraints.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Traveler information and communication systems
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/ruralconnectedvehicles/ENT%20Rural%20Connected%20Vehicle%20Deployment-%20FINAL%209%2023%202014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333217
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01548580
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Nondestructive Inspection Protocol for Reinforced Concrete Barriers
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 8p
AB  - Reinforced concrete barriers are generally anchored to the deck of a bridge or retaining wall using reinforcing steel protruding from the main structure or by anchored bars or bolts added during retrofits. Corrosion of steel bars or bolts can weaken this attachment and reduce the capacity of the barrier.  Anchorages and adjacent voids are typically embedded in concrete structural elements and consequently cannot be fully inspected visually. Research has been done on nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods to evaluate reinforced concrete and embedded steel reinforcement. Four NDE technologies were examined and tested in this project, and the results of those test are reviewed and summarized in this document. The four NDE technologies considered in this project were ground-penetrating radar (GPR), low-frequency ultrasonic tomography, infrared (IR) thermography, and digital radiography.
KW  - Barriers (Roads)
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Ground penetrating radar
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Radiography
KW  - Reinforced concrete
KW  - Reinforcing steel
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Thermal imagery
KW  - Tomography
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/14071/14071.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334576
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548548
AU  - Reising, Rebecca S
AU  - Connor, Robert J
AU  - Lloyd, Jason B
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Risk-Based Bridge Inspection Practices
SN  - 9781622603121
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 90p
AB  - Improving bridge safety, reliability, and the allocation of bridge inspection resources are the goals of the proposed risk-based bridge inspection practices. Currently, most bridges in the United States are inspected at a fixed calendar interval of 24 months, without regard to the condition of the bridge. Newer bridges with little or no damage are inspected with the same frequency as older, more deteriorated bridges thus creating inefficiency in the allocation of inspection resources. The proposed methodology incorporates reliability theory and expert elicitation from the Indiana Department of Transportation’s Risk Assessment Panel, developed during this research, to rationally determine bridge inspection needs. Assessments are made based on the likelihood and consequence of failure for specific bridge components. The likelihood of failure is determined through attributes based on design, loading, and condition characteristics while the consequence of failure is based on expected structural capacity, public safety, and serviceability. By combining the expressions of likelihood and consequence for each component, an optimum inspection interval for the entire bridge can be determined through the use of risk matrices. The methodology was evaluated through case studies involving Indiana bridges. Over 30 years of historical inspection reports were utilized in the back-casting process to evaluate deterioration levels and assess the adequacy of the risk criteria. Results of the case studies conducted during the research indicated that the risk analysis procedures provided suitable inspection intervals ranging from 24 to 72 months for Indiana bridges.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Needs assessment
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - Scheduling
KW  - Structural analysis
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315511
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334702
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548500
AU  - Padfield, Jon
AU  - Handy, Jim
AU  - Stephens, Jim
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Seal Coat Productivity
SN  - 9781622603145
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 30p
AB  - The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) conducts chip seal operations on state highways to prolong the life of the road. The chip seal operation is labor, equipment and material intensive. A typical chip seal operation may involve 35 or more INDOT employees including truck drivers, flagmen, and equipment operators (brooms, rollers, aggregate spreader, and distributors). This project was launched to better understand and document variations in how each of the six INDOT districts, approach the planning and execution of their respective chip seal operations. The goal was to identify areas in the operation where there were differences between districts and to determine best practices that could be shared among the districts. Two observers joined the chip seal operations in all six districts. The observers spent a total of 10 days with the chip seal crews (2 days each with the crews from Fort Wayne, La Porte, Greenfield, and Seymour and 1 day each with the crews from Vincennes and Crawfordsville). One additional day was spent in Crawfordsville observing the Fog Seal operation that takes place a few days following chip seal. During the initial phases of this project, many differences were observed regarding various aspects of the operation including the stone and equipment used, truck loading procedures, traffic control, and covering raised pavement markers (RPNs). These observations were shared with key stakeholders on November 4, 2013 and with a second group of stakeholders on January 22, 2014. With the help of stakeholders, best practices were identified from the observations and a list of 14 recommendations was created to be shared across all districts. A series of meetings were then scheduled to share the recommendations with each district and to determine which recommendations they were interested in piloting. The three ideas found during this project that provide the greatest opportunities for improving the overall operational efficiency of the chip seal operation are (1) the importance of closing roads during chip seal whenever possible, (2) the importance of choosing the best locations for stone stockpiles and oil tanker deliveries, and (3) the importance of fully loading dump trucks to their maximum safe and legal limit.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Chip seals
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Stakeholders
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315512
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334703
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01545424
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Weingroff, Richard F
TI  - Celebrating a Century of Cooperation
PY  - 2014/09
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
AB  - The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) will have its one hundredth anniversary on December 12, 2014. Since it was established, AASHTO has helped shape highway legislation, policy, and standards across the United States transportation network. It was founded in 1914 as an organization for state highway officials and has, since then, worked to improve transportation across the nation. AASHTO’s projects over the years includes developing a State-Federal partnership, numbering interstate highways to make them easily identifiable, standardizing highway signage, and helping states design their roads. AASHTO has spent the last century improving transportation in the United States and looks to the future to continue to do so.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Anniversaries
KW  - History
KW  - Organizations
KW  - Partnerships
KW  - State highway departments
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14sepoct/03.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330944
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01545403
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Fitzgerald, Mark
TI  - Your Go-To Data Source for Roadway Safety Research
PY  - 2014/09
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
AB  - The Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) is a multi-state database from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) containing statistics on crashes, roadway inventories, and traffic volumes. The data can be used to analyze infrastructure in roadway projects, in order to mitigate hazards. HSIS data has been used to develop the Safety Edge, a pavement edge treatment that helps drivers safely reenter the roadway after inadvertently driving onto the shoulder. Data from HSIS has also been used to evaluate the safety benefits of converting traffic signals from incandescent bulbs to light-emitting diodes (LEDs). HSIS has been in use for more than twenty years and has helped make informed decisions about the design and operation of United States highways.
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Databases
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - U.S. Highway Safety Information System (HSIS)
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14sepoct/01.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330942
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01545347
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Zhang, Wei
AU  - Kronprasert, Nopadon
TI  - The ABCs of Designing RCUTs
PY  - 2014/09
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
AB  - A Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) study has shown the safety benefits of restricted crossing U-turn (RCUT) intersections and has proposed a model for estimating their potential for reducing crashes. Two-way STOP-controlled intersections on rural multilane divided expressways are some of the most deadly intersections in the United States. At RCUT intersections, all traffic on the minor road must turn right at the main intersection. Conflicts that can lead to far-side angle crashes are eliminated, reducing fatal and injury crashes. The study presents crash prediction models for two types of RCUT design, allowing engineers to estimate crash frequencies of existing RCUTs or to design U-turn offsets for RCUTs to achieve high safety results.
KW  - Expressways
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Multilane highways
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - U turns
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14sepoct/02.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330943
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01545341
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Reilly, Marili Green
TI  - A Crowning Achievement
PY  - 2014/09
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
AB  - The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) had to get creative when making repairs to the pedestrian viaduct on the Historic Columbia River Highway. The structure is one hundred years old and is a major tourist attraction, drawing a million visitors a year. It was deteriorating and in need of renovation. ODOT worked with partners to restore the viaduct, constructing a new structure underneath to support the viaduct without changing the function and look of the original sidewalk. The highway was kept open for much of the construction in order to accommodate the tourist traffic. ODOT’s public relations staff kept the public updated on closures. Most of the repairs were complete by the end of the 2013 construction season.
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Historic preservation
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Oregon Department of Transportation
KW  - Partnerships
KW  - Repairing
KW  - Tourism
KW  - Viaducts
KW  - Walkways
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14sepoct/04.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330945
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01545337
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Laureano-Pagán, Héctor R
AU  - Rodríguez-Pacheco, José R
TI  - The Case for Cutting-Edge Construction in Puerto Rico
PY  - 2014/09
VL  - 78
IS  - 2
AB  - Representatives from the Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority (PRHTA) attended the Every Day Counts (EDC) regional summit in December 2010 and selected innovations to help improve their deteriorating bridges on a limited budget. Among the EDC initiatives selected was the use of geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge systems (GRS-IBS). PRHTA obtained funding to use this technology on adjacent twin bridges through a grant from the Federal Highway Administration’s Innovative Bridge Research and Deployment Program. Through the bridge project, PRHTA learned a great deal about construction using GRS-IBS, and held a showcase in April 2014 to discuss and display the technology.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Every Day Counts
KW  - Financing
KW  - Geosynthetics
KW  - Puerto Rico
KW  - Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority
KW  - Reinforcing materials
KW  - Soils
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14sepoct/05.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330946
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544696
AU  - Weinberger, Rachel
AU  - Ricks, Karina
AU  - Schrieber, Jason
AU  - Cohen, Liza
AU  - Nelson/Nygaard Consulting Associates
AU  - Symmetra Design, LLC
AU  - District of Columbia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Trip Generation Data Collection in Urban Areas
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 97p
AB  - There is currently limited data on urban, multimodal trip generation at the individual site level. This lack of  data limits the ability of transportation agencies to assess development impacts on the transportation system in urban and multimodal contexts. This project sought to begin addressing this gap by developing and testing a protocol for collecting trip generation by mode at the site level. The report provides a comprehensive review of previous research and develops and defines a data collection protocol for site and context data. The report documents the results of a pilot data collection that tests the protocol. The results of the pilot data collection are compared to the predicted impacts based on the industry standard, the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Manual, and to six alternative methods, all of which pivot from ITE’s data. None of the existing methods reliably predict the field data. The report identifies next steps for the District Department of Transportation (DDOT) and other agencies to take to improve multimodal trip generation estimation. To that end, a field-guide for future data collection, based on this pilot, is included as an appendix.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Institute of Transportation Engineers
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Transportation departments
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Trip generation
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Washington (District of Columbia)
UR  - http://d92016.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_D92016_Documents/2014-01_Urban%20Trip%20Generation%20Final%20Report%201.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331613
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544680
AU  - Hamel, Scott
AU  - Hoisington, David
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - High-Mast Light Poles Anchor Nut Loosening in Alaska: An Investigation Using Field Monitoring and Finite-Element Analysis
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 154p
AB  - High mast lighting poles (HMLPs) are tall, roadside structures effective for lighting large areas of highways and intersections. The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (AKDOT&PF) maintains 118 such poles in the greater Anchorage and Fairbanks areas. Some of these HMLPs have experienced anchor nut loosening at their foundation connection and an in-depth review of inspection reports suggests that the foundation type and the number of anchor rods affect loosening. In this study, two HMLPs were field instrumented and the axial force in their anchor rods was recorded during tightening. Excessively high anchor rod pre-tensions were recorded on the first pole, after which a modified tightening procedure was created and used successfully on the 2nd pole. Finite-element (FE) modeling was conducted to examine the mechanical behavior of the foundation connections and recreate the clamp-load loss. The monitoring and modeling results indicate that plastic deformation of the anchor rods is the likely cause of clamp-load loss in flange-type connections. Anchor rods in double nut moment connections, high strength rods, and increased flange plate thickness were all shown to reduce clamp-load loss. Recommendations for existing and yet to be installed HMLPs are presented based on these results.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Anchor bolts
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - High mast lighting
KW  - Nuts (Fasteners)
KW  - Plastic deformation
KW  - Poles (Supports)
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Structural connection
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/HMLP-Final-Report_PacTrans.pdf
UR  - http://www.dot.state.ak.us/stwddes/research/assets/pdf/4000-117.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329348
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544608
AU  - Bligh, Roger P
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Kuhn, Darrell L
AU  - Texas Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Crash Test and Evaluation of Locking Architectural Mailboxes
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 164p
AB  - Some homeowners and businesses are becoming increasingly concerned about mail-identity theft. Consequently, there is a growing demand for the use of locking mailboxes for theft deterrence and vandal resistance. There are a number of mailbox products on the market that offer enhanced security for mail and small parcels. They typically feature an upper hopper for incoming mail, and a lower lockable compartment for mail retrieval. These lockable mailboxes are significantly larger and can be 4-5 times heavier permitting their use on the state highway system. Under this project, crash tests were performed following Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) guidelines and procedures to assess the impact performance of lockable, secure mailboxes on both single and multiple mount configurations. A single locking mailbox was successfully crash tested on a thin-wall steel tube support post installed in a releasable wedge-and-socket foundation. Testing of the larger, heavier locking mailboxes on multiple-mount support posts was unsuccessful due to windshield deformation and intrusion
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Mailboxes
KW  - Structural supports
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/9-1002-12-9.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329339
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544593
AU  - Reboredo, Jose A Perez
AU  - Jahren, Charles T
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Electronic Construction Collaboration System – Final Phase
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 69p
AB  - This phase of the research project involved two major efforts: (1) Complete the implementation of AEC-Sync (formerly known as Attolist) on the Iowa Falls Arch Bridge project and (2) develop a web-based project management system (WPMS) for projects under $10 million. For the first major effort, AEC-Sync was provided for the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) in a software as a service agreement, allowing the Iowa DOT to rapidly implement the solution with modest effort. During the 2010 fiscal year, the research team was able to help with the implementation process for the solution. The research team also collected feedback from the Broadway Viaduct project team members before the start of the project and implementation of the solution. For the 2011 fiscal year, the research team collected the post-project  surveys from the Broadway Viaduct project members and compared them to the pre-project survey results. The result of the AEC-Sync implementation in the Broadway Viaduct project was a positive one. The project members were satisfied with the performance of AEC-Sync and how it facilitated document management and transparency. In addition, the research team distributed, collected, and analyzed  the pre-project surveys for the Iowa Falls Arch Bridge project. During the 2012 fiscal year, the research team analyzed the post-project surveys for the Iowa Falls Arch Bridge project AEC-Sync implementation and found a positive outcome when compared to the pre-project surveys. The second major effort for this project involved the identification and implementation of a WPMS solution for smaller bridge and  highway projects. During the 2011 fiscal year, Microsoft SharePoint was selected to be implemented on these smaller highway projects. In this year, workflows for the shop/working drawings for the smaller highway projects specified in Section 1105 of the Iowa DOT Specifications were developed. These workflows will serve as the guide for the development of the SharePoint pages. In order to implement the Microsoft SharePoint pages, the effort of an integrated team proved to be vital because it brought together the expertise required from researchers, programmers, and webpage developers to develop the SharePoint pages.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Data sharing
KW  - Highways
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Information management
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Iowa Department of Transportation
KW  - Project management
KW  - Software
KW  - Websites (Information retrieval)
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/18674/1/IADOT_InTrans_Reboredo_Electronic_Construction_Collaboration_System_Final_phase_2014.pdf
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/electronic_collaboration_final_phase_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331210
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544592
AU  - Hallenbeck, Mark E
AU  - Goodchild, Anne
AU  - Drescher, Jerome
AU  - University of Washington, Seattle
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Travel Costs Associated with Flood Closures of State Highways Near Centralia/Chehalis, Washington
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 69p
AB  - This report discusses the travel costs associated with the closure of roads in the greater Centralia/Chehalis, Washington region due to 100-year flood conditions starting on the Chehalis River. The costs were computed for roadway closures on I-5, US 12, and SR 6, and are based on estimated road closure durations supplied by Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The computed costs are only those directly related to travel that would otherwise have occurred on the roads affected by the flooding closures. The computed costs do not include the economic losses associated with delayed delivery of goods or services, losses in economic activity attributable to travelers being unable to reach their intended destinations, or economic losses associated with the loss of goods because they could not be delivered. The reported costs do include the added costs of time and vehicle mileage associated with  available detour routes. Costs were also estimated for each trip that will be abandoned. That is, this study  estimated the number of trips that will not be made as a result of road closures. The researchers also conducted a sensitivity analysis of the findings for the I-5 cost computation. Sensitivity tests were conducted for the value of time, the speeds and level of congestion assumed to occur on the routes used for detours, the values associated with trips that are not made via the expected detours, the percentage of personal trips made for work/business purposes versus those being made for personal reasons, the  fraction of cars and trucks willing to detour, the effects of flood closure during the weekend or the summer, and growth in traffic volumes on I-5.
KW  - Detours
KW  - Floods
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - State highways
KW  - Street closure
KW  - Travel costs
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Vehicle miles of travel
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/832.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331203
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01543007
AU  - Mahmassani, Hani S
AU  - Frei, Charlotte
AU  - Frei, Andreas
AU  - Story, Joseph
AU  - Lem, Lewison
AU  - Talebpour, Alireza
AU  - Chen, Ying
AU  - Zockaie, Ali
AU  - Saberi, Meead
AU  - Halat, Hooram
AU  - Haas, Robert
AU  - Science Applications International Corporation
AU  - Northwestern University, Evanston
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Analysis of Network and Non-Network Factors on Traveler Choice Toward Improving Modeling Accuracy for Better Transportation Decisionmaking
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 228p
AB  - The need to reduce congestion, enhance safety, and make the U.S. transportation system and cities more sustainable has given rise to various programs, technologies, and policies. The effectiveness of these interventions depends on how users eventually respond and, in some instances, modify their travel behavior. While significant advances have taken place over the past 50 years in the field of travel behavior research and travel demand forecasting, the ability to reliably predict the direction and magnitude of behavioral responses to various network and non-network factors and interventions remains limited. Many experts have called for better data collection and analysis methods and better integration of behavior models with supply analysis tools. This report provides a synthesis of the state of knowledge in travel behavior research and showcases how to improve current models with relevant behavior realism through six case studies. These case studies range from long-term policy interventions (e.g., urban design policy affecting land use and neighborhood walkability), to short-term en-route interventions (e.g., traveler information systems for weather-responsive system management). The case studies also include interventions aimed at environmental as well as congestion avoidance objectives. The applications provide an enhanced capability to capture traveler choices in both the main evaluation tools as well as in supporting the design process actively. This multifaceted research initiative cuts across several Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) programs such as the Office of Planning, Environment, and Realty; Office of Operations; Office of Safety; and Office of Research, Development, and Technology. This study will facilitate implementation of a balanced, cross-cutting effort to better understand the topic of traveler choice, and builds on current activities related to modeling and analysis across FHWA, professional associations, and academia.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Choice models
KW  - Congestion avoidance
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Network analysis (Planning)
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Traffic forecasting
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Weather-responsive traffic management models
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/operations/13097/13097.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328586
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01541520
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Use of Recycled Tire Rubber to Modify Asphalt Binder and Mixtures
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 14p
AB  - This Technical Brief provides an overview of the various processes for recycled tire rubber used as a modifier for asphalt binders and as an additive for asphalt mixtures. Considerations for laboratory and field testing, as well as performance, are discussed. Since some aspects of the technology are still evolving, best practices and areas of caution have been included.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Tires
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/pubs/hif14015.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1327215
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541504
AU  - Regan, Terry
AU  - Deaderick, Lauren
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - North Carolina DOT Peer Exchange on Performance Management
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 24p
AB  - This report summarizes the key themes and recommendations identified at a peer exchange on  November 19-20, 2013 in Raleigh, North Carolina. North Carolina Department of Transportation  (NCDOT) hosted peers from South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) to exchange  best practices surrounding performance management. The peer exchange was sponsored by the  Transportation Planning Capacity Building (TPCB) Peer Program, which is jointly funded by the  Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA).
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52700/52747/NCDOT_Performance_Mgmt_Peer_Exchange-_TPCB_Peer_Report-Nov_2013.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1325008
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541488
AU  - Gambatese, John A
AU  - Zhang, Fan
AU  - Oregon State University, Corvallis
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Safe and Effective Speed Reductions for Freeway Work Zones Phase 2
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 125p
AB  - Freeway preservation projects typically require construction workers to conduct their work in close proximity to ongoing traffic and often reduce traffic flow to a single lane while work is undertaken in an adjacent lane. Due to the short-term nature of these work zones, temporary traffic control measures typically consist of a line of cones, blocker vehicles, and impact attenuators. Work zones place both the workers and passing motorists at risk of injury. The Oregon Department of Transportation conducted a research study to investigate the impact of selected traffic control devices on vehicle speeds within highway paving project work zones. The research study, which follows a similar study conducted a year earlier, centered around two case studies on multi-lane paving projects in Oregon. On each case study, the researchers implemented combinations of multiple traffic control devices (“Speed 50” signs, PCMS signs, and radar speed displays) and evaluated their impact on vehicle speed. The research findings suggest using a combination of reduced speed limit signs, radar speed monitoring displays, and portable  changeable message sign (PCMS) signs on either trailers or rollers. The results of the present study complement those of the prior study and, combined with the prior study, provide Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) with guidance on the selection of traffic control measures for freeway preservation projects.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic signs
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR769_HighSpeed_Final.pdf
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR769_HighSpeedReduction_Appendices.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328099
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541477
AU  - Burton, Maria
AU  - Kim, MooYeon
AU  - Smit, Andre
AU  - Trevino, Manuel
AU  - Wu, Hui
AU  - Murphy, Mike
AU  - Prozzi, Jorge
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Flexible Pavement Narrow Widening Best Practices and Lessons Learned
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 193p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has experienced problems with construction quality and performance on narrow widening projects (i.e., projects that notch and widen pavement to increase lane width 2–8 ft or add a 2- to 5-ft shoulder). Texas has approximately 64,000 lane-miles of pavement with 9- to 11-ft wide lanes, which includes over 35,000 lane miles of Farm-to-Market (FM) roads (MapZapper 2011). In addition, approximately 20%, 26%, and 36% respectively of roadways with 9-, 10-, or 11-ft lanes have either no shoulder or a 1-ft shoulder. These roads are potential candidates for lane or shoulder widening to improve safety performance and increase capacity. However, due to constraints regarding construction equipment widths and other limitations, material selection options and compatibility, construction methods, and other issues, narrow widening projects can present construction and performance problems. These challenges include inadequate compaction of the subgrade, compaction of the base material at the notch-and-widen joint interface, drainage within the pavement and at the pavement surface, either high or depressed surface layer construction joints, and potential safety concerns. To effectively overcome these challenges, TxDOT has initiated this project to prepare a compendium of best practices and lessons learned regarding narrow widening projects.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Pavement widening
KW  - Paving
KW  - Road shoulders
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6748-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1327011
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541462
AU  - Ideker, Jason H
AU  - Bañuelos, José
AU  - Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Use of Synthetic Blended Fibers to Reduce Cracking Risk In High Performance Concrete
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 68p
AB  - The aim of this project was to investigate a relatively new technique to control early-age cracking; the  use of blended size polypropylene fibers in high performance concrete mixtures. The key findings from this work were that the use of drying shrinkage test methods alone, without the capture of cracking risk, showed that the inclusion of fibers did not reduce drying shrinkage in unrestrained specimens. However, in restrained testing (where the possibility of crack formation is promoted) the fibers were able to 1) reduce the rate of stress generation in specimens 2) prolong the time to cracking in the restrained ring test (ASTM C 1581) and 3) reduce the crack widths and the growth of cracks once cracking did initiate. As a result the use of blended fibers in high performance concrete points to another viable solution for reducing the risk of cracking in service.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Fiber reinforced concrete
KW  - High performance concrete
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Polymer fibers
KW  - Polypropylene
KW  - Shrinkage
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/14RS0500_620_ODOTFibersReport_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328100
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541452
AU  - Hans, Zachary
AU  - Gritza, Konstantina
AU  - Cerwick, Donald
AU  - Huang, Yundi
AU  - Nlenanya, Inya
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Mid-America Transportation Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Statewide Heavy-Truck Crash Assessment
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 156p
AB  - In 2010, 16.5 percent of all fatal vehicle crashes in Iowa involved large trucks compared to the national average of 7.8 percent. Only about 16 percent of these fatalities involved the occupants of the heavy vehicles, meaning that a majority of the fatalities in fatal crashes involve non-heavy-truck occupants. These statistics demonstrate the severe nature of heavy-truck crashes and underscore the serious  impact that these crashes can have on the traveling public. These statistics also indicate Iowa may have a disproportionately higher safety risk compared to the nation with respect to heavy-truck safety. Several national studies, and a few statewide studies, have investigated large-truck crashes; however, no rigorous analysis of heavy-truck crashes has been conducted for Iowa. The objective of this study was to investigate and identify the causes, locations, and other factors related to heavy-truck crashes in Iowa with the goal of reducing crashes and promoting safety. To achieve this objective, this study used the most current statewide data of heavy-truck crashes in Iowa. This study also attempted to assess crash experience with respect to length of commercial driver’s license (CDL) licensure using the most recent five years of CDL data linked to the before mentioned crash data. In addition, this study used inspection and citation data from the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) Motor Vehicle Division and Iowa State Patrol to investigate the relationship between enforcement activities and crash experience.
KW  - Commercial drivers
KW  - Crash causes
KW  - Crash characteristics
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Driver licenses
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Traffic citations
KW  - Truck crashes
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/17823/1/CTRE_MATC_Hans_Statewide_Heavy-Truck_Crash_Assessment_2014_r.pdf
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/statewide_heavy-truck_crash_assessment_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326922
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541445
AU  - Kelle, Peter
AU  - Jin, Mingzhou
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - University of Tennessee, Knoxville
AU  - National Center for Intermodal Transportation for Economic Competitiveness
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Performance Measurement for Freight Transportation
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - In this project, the researchers built a set of performance measures that are unified, user-oriented, scalable, systematic, effective, and calculable for intermodal freight management and developed methodologies to calculate and use the measures. The following measures for freight transportation systems are suggested to address the needs of transportation users. 1. Mobility: Reducing transportation time and delay is a major concern of most transportation users. 2. Safety: The objectives related to transportation safety and security include improving traffic safety, i.e., reducing traffic accident  rates, injuries, fatalities, and risks. They also include increasing traffic security and reducing crime rates, improving accident detection and response, and increasing public and homeland security. 3. Environmental Stewardship: The objectives include reducing the amount of transportation-related pollutants, promoting the  community livability near major transportation infrastructures, and decreasing energy consumption.  4. Direct Cost Efficiency: The objectives include developing cost-efficient transportation systems that have low cost/benefit ratios and high sustainability. 5. Economic Growth: The objectives include promoting local or regional economic growth and increasing local or regional employment opportunities. There are two major outcomes from this project: An intermodal performance measurement system for freight management, including metrics definition, calculation procedure, and methodologies of data collection; and  a case study that demonstrates how to apply the proposed performance measurement system to evaluate the Louisiana intermodal network for freight management.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Intermodal transportation
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Performance measurement
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_522.pdf
UR  - http://www.ncitec.msstate.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012-34FR.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1327674
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541441
AU  - Sexton, Timothy V
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Current Centerline Rumble Strip Design(s) to Reduce Roadside Noise and Promote Safety
PY  - 2014/09//Final Research Report
AB  - Noise from vehicles passing over rumble strips is a major source of complaints from residents living  adjacent to highways in Washington state. This project evaluated wayside noise levels from various  centerline rumble strip designs to determine overall sound levels and 1/3-octave band frequencies.  Results suggest that some designs have lower exterior sound levels and sufficient interior sound levels.  However, the effects of specific design variables on exterior noise levels were inconclusive and suggest  that interactions among variables contribute to exterior sound levels.
KW  - Center lines
KW  - Design
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - Sound level
KW  - Tire/pavement noise
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/835.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324908
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01541440
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Grinter, Mark
AU  - Minchin, Peter
AU  - Weber, Irene
AU  - Morgan, Susan
AU  - Retzlaff, William
AU  - Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Temporary Stabilization Specification Improvements
PY  - 2014/09
IS  - 14-022
AB  - Seed variety performance data for establishing temporary vegetative cover was collected at four Illinois locations at four planting seasons. Current Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) standard specifications call for a mixture of perennial rye and spring oats for temporary vegetative cover, with no variation for time of year or site conditions. That mixture has demonstrated some success; however, for every location and time of year, this study identified at least one seed variety that demonstrated performance superior to the specified mix. Temporary seeding specifications currently employed by nearby states were reviewed and compared with Illinois’ specifications. In addition to seed variety, the effectiveness of seed bed preparation using a power rake and the effectiveness of straw-mat and loose wheat-straw mulching methods were investigated. Based on the observed results, the research team has proposed modifying temporary seeding recommendations to reflect seeding date and site location. Adoption of these research-based temporary seeding specifications will likely result in improved temporary vegetative cover establishment, reduced erosion, and improved water quality.
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Mulching
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Seasons
KW  - Seeding
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3197
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326315
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541405
AU  - Larsen, Katie A
AU  - Mattingly, Stephen P
AU  - Madanu, Sunil K
AU  - Clower, Terry L
AU  - Wilson-Chavez, Owen
AU  - Seman, Michael
AU  - Qi, Yi
AU  - Wright, Vernaldo
AU  - Ardekani, Siamak
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - GUIDEBOOK: Use of Highway ROW for High-Speed Intercity Passenger Rail and Dedicated Freight Transportation Systems
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 137p
AB  - The purpose of this guidebook is to help Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) staff evaluate proposals for using new or existing highway right-of-way (ROW) for high-speed intercity passenger rail (HSIPR) or dedicated freight transportation systems. This guidebook is intended to provide the foundation for a new manual covering such evaluations. This guidebook consists of the following sections: section 1 introduction; section 2 reviews the legal and administrative considerations of using existing highway ROW; section 3 describes the design requirements for different HSIPR and freight technologies, a feasibility analysis methodology, and the conditions of approval needed for projects;  section 4 presents highway and road design criteria that accommodate potential co-location with HSIPR or dedicated freight transportation systems; section 5 identifies procedures used by other state departments of transportation (DOTs) for use of ROW for innovative transportation systems; and section 6 synthesizes information from DOTs, past reports, and published literature regarding capturing revenue, matching grants or entering into private-public partnerships for use of state DOT ROW for HSIPR and dedicated freight transportation systems.
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Finance
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - High speed rail
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highways
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Passenger transportation
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - Regulations
KW  - Right of way (Land)
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6698-p3.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324990
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539727
AU  - Ocel, Justin M
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Fatigue Testing of Galvanized and Ungalvanized Socket
Connections
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 46p
AB  - The fatigue resistance of welded traffic signal support structure details is an ongoing research topic being  addressed at multiple universities primarily through state funding mechanisms. Fatigue problems with these structures have plagued multiple states, and a handful of collapses are identified in the open literature. Some premature failures have been hypothesized to have been caused by cracking in the zinc metal bath during galvanizing. This led to a fatigue testing matrix of socket connection geometries in a galvanized and ungalvanized state. Specimens were attained from two different pole manufacturers and fabricated using their own techniques. This report describes how the specimens were tested along with the results showing the difference in fatigue life between galvanized and ungalvanized structures. Generally, the galvanized specimens showed a one-category reduction in fatigue life versus identical specimens that were not galvanized.
KW  - Fatigue tests
KW  - Galvanizing
KW  - Parts of traffic signals
KW  - Poles (Supports)
KW  - Sign supports
KW  - Structural connection
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/bridge/14066/14066.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324882
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539724
AU  - Bosch, Harold R
AU  - Pagenkopf, James R
AU  - Genex Systems, LLC
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Dynamic Properties of Stay Cables on the Penobscot Narrows Bridge
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 182p
AB  - Cable-stayed bridges have been recognized as the most efficient and cost effective structural form for medium to long span bridges over the past several decades. With their widespread use, cases of serviceability problems associated with large amplitude vibration of stay cables have been reported. Stay cables are laterally flexible structural members with very low inherent damping and thus are highly susceptible to environmental conditions such as wind and rain/wind combination. Recognition of these problems led to the incorporation of different types of mitigation measures on many cable-stayed  bridges around the world. These measures included surface modifications, cable crossties and external dampers. Modification of cable surfaces has been widely accepted as a means to mitigate rain/wind vibrations. Recent studies have firmly established the formation of a water rivulet along the upper side of the stay and its interaction with wind flow as the main cause of rain/wind vibrations. Appropriate modification of exterior cable surface effectively disrupts the formation of a water rivulet. The objective of this study was to supplement the existing knowledge base on some of the outstanding issues of stay  cable vibrations and develop technical recommendations that may be incorporated into design guidelines. Specifically, this project focused on identification of in-situ cable dynamic properties and performance of external viscous dampers on the Penobscot Narrows Bridge. Forced vibration tests were conducted on the stay cables during the latter stages of construction, just prior to and following installation of viscous dampers. Cable properties, such as vibration frequencies and damping levels, were established and compared with design targets.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Cable stayed bridges
KW  - Damping (Physics)
KW  - Penobscot Narrows Bridge (Maine)
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Vibration
KW  - Vibration control
KW  - Wind
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14067/14067.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324881
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01539723
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Slip and Creep of Thermal Spray Coatings
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 8p
AB  - All steel bridge systems and their components need some level of corrosion protection to assure a serviceable life. One approach is the use of coatings. This document focuses on thermal spray coatings (TSC). In addition to corrosion resistance, coatings must be compatible with use in high-strength bolted connections. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications require bolted connections be designed as “slip-critical” if the connection is subjected to “…stress reversal, heavy impact loads, severe vibration or located where stress and strain due to joint slippage would be detrimental to the serviceability of the structure…” In the design of a slip-critical connection, the engineer must select a “frictional slip coefficient” between the layers of a connection to calculate the slip resistance. AASHTO refers to this frictional value as a “surface condition factor,” although in this TechBrief, it will be referred to as the “slip coefficient.” The engineer does not specify an exact slip coefficient; rather, the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications provide three different categories (Class A, B, and C) from which the engineer can choose. Class A surfaces have a minimum slip coefficient of 0.33, which can be achieved with unpainted, clean mill scale. Class B surfaces have a minimum slip coefficient of 0.50, which can be achieved with unpainted, blast-cleaned surfaces. In lieu of having bare steel on the slip surface, certified coatings applied over a blast-cleaned surface that demonstrates Class A or B performance may also be used. Class C surfaces also have a minimum slip coefficient of 0.33 but are only applicable for hot-dip galvanized coatings and are outside the scope of this TechBrief. This TechBrief introduces limited data on the slip coefficients developed by both sealed and unsealed TSCs.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Anticorrosion coatings
KW  - Creep
KW  - Joints (Engineering)
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Protective coatings
KW  - Slip resistance
KW  - Steel bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14083/14083.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324883
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539721
AU  - Larose, Guy L
AU  - D'Auteuil, Annick
AU  - National Research Council of Canada
AU  - Genex Systems, LLC
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Wind Tunnel Investigations of an Inclined Stay Cable with a Helical Fillet
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 226p
AB  - Cable-stayed bridges have been recognized as the most efficient and cost effective structural form for medium-to-long-span bridges over the past several decades. With their widespread use, cases of serviceability problems associated with large amplitude vibration of stay cables have been reported. Stay cables are laterally flexible structural members with very low inherent damping and thus are highly susceptible to environmental conditions such as wind and rain/wind combination. Recognition of these problems has led to the incorporation of different types of mitigation measures on many cable-stayed bridges around the world. These measures include surface modifications, cable crossties, and external dampers. Modification of cable surfaces has been widely accepted as a means to mitigate rain/wind vibrations. Recent studies have firmly established the formation of a water rivulet along the upper side of the stay and its interaction with wind flow as the main cause of rain/wind vibrations. Appropriate modifications to exterior cable surfaces effectively disrupts the formation of a water rivulet. The objective of this study is to supplement the existing knowledge base on some of the outstanding issues of stay  cable vibrations and to develop technical recommendations that may be incorporated into design guidelines. Specifically, this project focused on the wind-cable interaction, with particular interest in details of the air flow and flow field close to the cable as well as forces on the cable surface. A helical fillet was attached to an existing cable model to evaluate the influence of this common mitigation feature on dynamic behavior. The cable inclination angle was varied during testing to represent field orientations, and the model was rotated on its longitudinal axis to assess the influence of high-density polyethylene roundness. Tests were conducted at various levels of damping, with and without the fillet, and in turbulent as well as smooth flow conditions.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Cable stayed bridges
KW  - Damping (Physics)
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Vibration
KW  - Vibration control
KW  - Wind
KW  - Wind tunnels
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14070/14070.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324880
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539462
AU  - Zatar, Wael
AU  - Rahall Appalachian Transportation Institute
AU  - West Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessing the Service Life of Corrosion-Deteriorated Reinforced Concrete Member Highway Bridges in West Virginia
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - Corrosion of steel-reinforced concrete bridges is a serious problem facing the West Virginia Department of Transportation (WVDOT). This paper provides an overview of techniques for evaluating the condition of reinforced concrete bridge elements; methods for modeling the remaining service life and the service life extension provided by various repair and protection methods; and a review of the various repair and  protection methods. Fick’s 2nd Law of Diffusion, combined with Life-365 software, was determined to be the most reasonable method for service life modeling. Bridge element condition evaluation should be performed at routine intervals, depending on the condition and age of the structure being evaluated. Evaluations should use a variety of technologies and techniques, including half-cell potential measurements. This study concludes that the various types of repair, evaluation, and modeling techniques can be incorporated into any existing corrosion management through the development of a manual which outlines reliable, research-based procedures for assessing the condition of corrosion-deteriorated in-service highway bridges.
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Corrosion protection
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Fick's Second Law of Diffusion
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Reinforced concrete bridges
KW  - Service life
KW  - West Virginia
UR  - http://www.njrati.org/assets/reports/RP234_Corrosion_Assessment_Report_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324591
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539460
AU  - Walton, C Michael
AU  - Seedah, Dan
AU  - Cruz-Ross, Alejandra
AU  - O'Brien, William J
AU  - La Fountain, Peter
AU  - Agarwal, Prateek
AU  - Sankaran, Bharathwaj
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Freight Data Architecture Business Process, Logical Data Model, and Physical Data Model
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 24p
AB  - In November 2011, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) funded a study to integrate data from multiple sources to optimize freight transportation planning efforts in the state. The Center for Transportation (CTR) study team was commissioned to explore the feasibility of entering into a data-sharing partnership with representatives of the private sector (i.e., shippers, receivers, trucking companies, forwarders, etc.), and obtain sample data that can be used in formulating a strategy for integrating multiple data sources. To build relationships with the private sector, the study team contacted 493 companies, received 151 responses, and conducted 33 key-person interviews with executive level managers of trucking companies, shippers, airports, logistics companies, rail carriers, and ports. These  interviews were preceded by an online survey of 32 companies to establish private-sector willingness to enter into a data-sharing partnership, and assist the study team in understanding their needs and concerns. This document summarizes the study team’s efforts to establish data-sharing partnerships  and relay the lessons learned. In addition, it provides information on a prototype freight data  architecture and supporting description and specifications that will facilitate the storage and exchange of data through a data sharing partnership with members of Texas’s freight community. Final recommendations on who should be responsible for populating and developing the integrated freight system are also made, and list of items to be considered in estimating the cost for developing and maintaining the system are presented.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data sharing
KW  - Databases
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Private enterprise
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6697-P1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324390
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538337
AU  - Griffin, Lisa
AU  - Leite, Fernanda
AU  - Machemehl, Randy
AU  - Fleisher, Tim
AU  - Choe, Sooyoung
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Stretch and Flex Program for TxDOT Office and Field Workers
PY  - 2014/09//Technical Report
SP  - 56p
AB  - Strain/sprain-related incidents account for 40% of the total injuries of Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) employees. Over the past 5 years the most common strain/sprain injury was of the lower back; 50% of these injuries were caused by lifting tasks. The goal of this project is to create a guidebook presenting a set of ergonomic recommendations for common TxDOT workplace tasks and a Stretch and Flex program designed to reduce strain/sprain-related incidents. Research studies have shown that muscle strengthening exercises can reduce workplace strain/sprain-related incidents. However, most of the Stretch and Flex programs currently being implemented involve more stretching than flexing. Thus, current Stretch and Flex programs may not be as beneficial as they could be. Since injury of the low back is the most common work-related injury, strengthening the core musculature is the best preventative strategy. The challenge that current Stretch and Flex programs face in achieving  this goal may be that traditional core-strengthening exercises are performed on the ground, which may not work well for employees who work outdoors or are not dressed for being on the ground. Thus, the Stretch and Flex program that will be created will involve exercises done in the standing position to strengthen the core musculature as well as target other muscles and joints susceptible to work-related injuries. The University of Texas at Austin (UT) has developed instructional videos for vertical core strengthening, and has developed and implemented exercise programs for groups of UT employees. The user-friendly guidebook that will be created for TxDOT employees will contain ergonomic recommendations for TxDOT maintenance and office workers as well as a Stretch and Flex program that will be superior to current programs. A guidebook will help TxDOT employees reduce their risk of  injury through specific work-related ergonomic strategies and injury-prevention exercises designed to improve strength and flexibility. This program is expected to reduce the incidence of TxDOT strain/sprain-related incidents and substantially reduce associated costs, which have exceeded $3.7 million over the past 5 years.
KW  - Back
KW  - Employees
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Health
KW  - Industrial accidents
KW  - Physical fitness
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6805-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323275
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538317
AU  - Griffin, Lisa
AU  - Leite, Fernanda
AU  - Machemehl, Randy
AU  - Fleisher, Tim
AU  - Choe, Sooyoung
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Stretch and Flex Guidebook
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 23p
AB  - Strain/sprain-related incidents account for 40% of the total injuries of Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) employees. Over the past 5 years the most common strain/sprain injury was of the lower back; 50% of these injuries were caused by lifting tasks. Research studies have shown that muscle strengthening exercises can reduce workplace strain/sprain-related incidents. However, most of the Stretch and Flex programs currently being implemented involve more stretching than flexing. Thus, current Stretch and Flex programs may not be as beneficial as they could be. Since injury of the low back is the most common work-related injury, strengthening the core musculature is the best preventative strategy. The goal of this project was to create a guidebook presenting a set of ergonomic recommendations for common TxDOT workplace tasks and a Stretch and Flex program designed to reduce strain/sprain-related incidents for both office and field workers. The challenge that current Stretch and Flex programs face in achieving this goal may be that traditional core-strengthening exercises are performed on the ground, which may not work well for employees who work outdoors or are not dressed for being on the ground. Thus, the Stretch and Flex program created for TxDOT involves exercises  done in the standing position to strengthen the core musculature as well as target other muscles and joints susceptible to work-related injuries. The guidebook for TxDOT employees contains ergonomic recommendations for TxDOT field and office workers as well as a Stretch and Flex program. This guidebook is specifically intended for Safety Officers to enhance their understanding of the Stretch and Flex program. It is not intended for the actual workers who will be performing the exercises. The guidebook is a more in-depth supplement to the user-friendly booklets and videos that were developed in conjunction with TxDOT’s Occupational Safety Division Workers’ Compensation section and TxDOT Communications. The Stretch and Flex program aims at helping TxDOT employees reduce their risk of injury through specific work-related ergonomic strategies and injury-prevention exercises designed to improve strength and flexibility. This program is expected to reduce the incidence of TxDOT strain/sprain-related incidents and substantially reduce associated costs, which have exceeded $3.7 million over the  past 5 years.
KW  - Back
KW  - Employees
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Health
KW  - Industrial accidents
KW  - Physical fitness
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6805-p1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323277
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538245
AU  - Pickrell, Steve
AU  - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Transportation Performance Measures for Outcome Based System Management and Monitoring
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 50p
AB  - The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) is mature in its development and use of performance measures, however there was not a standard approach for selecting measures nor evaluating if existing ones were used to inform decision-making. This research report inventories ODOTs high-level performance measures, compares them to Federal, State, and Agency goals, identifies a framework to determine the suitability of performance measures and select new ones, and identifies new recommended measures. The outcomes of the project include a framework for evaluating and selecting measures, and recommended Key Performance Measures for the Agency.
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Oregon Department of Transportation
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Recommendations
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR753_TransPerformanceMeasures_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324123
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538202
AU  - Dubey, Subodh
AU  - Deng, Jun
AU  - Hoklas, Megan Marie
AU  - Castrol, Marisol
AU  - Loftus-Otway, Lisa
AU  - Bhat, Chandra
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing a Mode Choice Model for Small and Medium
MPOs
PY  - 2014/09//Technical Report
SP  - 134p
AB  - This project developed a process and framework for generating the inputs needed for estimating a travel mode choice model that includes the transit mode, and developing a framework for implementing the results of an estimated travel mode choice model to project mode shares in response to demographic changes and improvements in transit service. In generating inputs for estimating a mode choice model, an important component is network skims (travel times and costs) by alternative modes. Most metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) have good geographic information systems (GIS)-based representations of the highway network, which can be used to generate drive-alone and shared-ride skims. However, this is not the case with transit skims due to the lack of a good GIS-based representation of the transit network, especially for bus stops. The project manually geo-coded bus stop information onto the highway network, and used assumptions to generate transit paths and corresponding zone-to-zone transit skims. A guidebook provides a step-by-step procedure for developing skims. The database for estimation was developed using household survey data (2004) on trip characteristics. Two demographic variables were used in the mode choice model: household size and  income. The models have been embedded into a software forecasting platform to predict modal share shifts between each pair of traffic analysis zones (TAZs) (and the region as a whole) due to changes in income levels and/or household size over time. The models can also be used to assess the impacts of transit improvements for in-vehicle and out-of-vehicle transit times. Further data collection from transit surveys is recommended to enhance the model’s capacity to estimate the time and cost effects based on preferences. A georeferenced coordinate system for bus stop locations would also improve the transit skim generation process.
KW  - Bus stops
KW  - Demographics
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Modal split
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic analysis zones
KW  - Travel costs
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Travel time
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6766-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323273
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538196
AU  - Seedah, Dan P K
AU  - Owens, Travis D
AU  - Harrison, Robert
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Truck-Rail Intermodal Toolkit: User Manual
PY  - 2014/09
SP  - 35p
AB  - The truck-rail intermodal toolkit (TRIT) was developed to help planners equally compare truck and rail freight movements for specific corridors and to give insight into some of the variables associated with each mode. The rail component of the model (CT-Rail) is designed to help planners and policy makers understand rail corridor operations and examine the opportunities and challenges for modal shifts from truck to rail. CT-Rail uses a mechanistic approach that adequately captures the effects of cargo weight, running speeds, network capacity, and route characteristics—key factors that are essential in any logistical analysis. The truck component of TRIT, CT-Vcost, developed from an earlier Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) study, allows planners to simulate truck movements over a specified corridor given factors such as truck speed, equipment depreciation, financing, insurance, maintenance costs, fuel cost, driver costs, road use fees (e.g., tolls), and other fixed costs—factors that influence truck operating costs and delivery time. Comparative variables used in both models include roadway and track characteristics (elevations and grades), travel speeds, changes in fuel prices, maintenance costs, labor costs, and tonnage. The truck corridor model also accounts for toll rates and vehicle insurance costs; drayage costs are included only in the rail corridor model. Outputs from both models include fuel consumption and cost, travel time, and payload cost per ton-mile.
KW  - Computer program documentation
KW  - Computer programs
KW  - Costs
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Intermodal transportation
KW  - Modal shift
KW  - Railroad transportation
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Trucking
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6692-P2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324310
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538142
AU  - Seedah, Dan
AU  - Harrison, Robert
AU  - Boske, Leigh
AU  - Kruse, Jim
AU  - Protopapas, Annie
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Trade Flows and Texas Gulf Ports: Panama Canal Expansion and South American Markets
PY  - 2014/09//Technical Report
SP  - 116p
AB  - In 2015, a new lock system will allow larger and more productive ships to use the Panama Canal to serve  global markets. Widespread interest in the project and the impacts on U.S. Atlantic and Gulf ports resulted in concern that U.S. terminals and state transportation systems might be unprepared for the potential growth in Panama Canal-related trade. This 2-year study examined the impacts and found three irrefutable facts are known at this time. The first is that the new locks will offer global shippers new choices based on routes, cost, and service. That much is certain. The second is that the impact of the new locks on particular ports and trading partners will vary over time and their use by larger (post-Panamax) vessels will be linked to specific trade lanes, commodities, global trends in labor cost and related transportation costs, future free-trade agreements, and advancements in maritime-related technologies, among other factors. Third, the new locks broaden shipper options for Texas exports, particularly bulk commodities, on specific Panama Canal routes. Beyond these three facts, there is no agreement among experts about the likely pace or scale of future port activity due to the Panama Canal expansion.
KW  - Bulk cargo
KW  - Commodity flow
KW  - Exports
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Panama Canal
KW  - Ports
KW  - South America
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Gulf Coast
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6690-CTR-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324311
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01538131
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Long, Jim
AU  - Anderson, Andrew
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improvement of Driven Pile Installation and Design in Illinois: Phase 2
PY  - 2014/09
IS  - 14-021
SP  - 97p
AB  - A dynamic load test program consisting of 38 sites and 111 piles with restrikes was conducted throughout Illinois to improve the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) design of driven piling. Pile types included steel H-piles and closed-ended pipe (shell) piles. Piles were driven into all soil types including clay, silt, sand, shale, and limestone. Predictive methods for estimating pile capacity were investigated and include the kinematic IDOT method (K-IDOT) (static) method, WSDOT (dynamic formula), Wave equation analysis of piles (WEAP), pile driving analyzer (PDA), and Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP). Pile capacities were taken as the capacity estimated using CAPWAP for beginning of restrike conditions. Piles were monitored during initial driving. Piles were re-driven several days later to assess the amount of setup to assess the effect of time, pile type and soil type. Restrikes were conducted typically between 3 -15 days after initial driving. Modifying WSDOT to include effects of setup explicitly with specific equations (Skov and Denver, 1988) for time dependent setup was not any more precise than the original WSDOT formula with adjustments for pile type. Accordingly recommendations are made for adjusting WSDOT estimates based on whether the pile is an H-pile or a shell pile. Adjustments were made to the simplified stress formula (SSF) to refine predictions of stresses in driven H- and Shell piles driven with diesel hammers. Resistance factors were determined using the First Order Second Moment method for the static method (K-IDOT) and the dynamic formula (WSDOT). Pile types included H-piles and shell piles for both end of driving conditions and for beginning of restrike. Resistance factors were also determined for WEAP and PDA. These resistance factors were determined using the CAPWAP (beginning-of-restrike (BOR)) capacity as the static capacity for the pile, although it is preferable that the resistance factors be based on static load test. Accordingly, adjustments were made to the resistance factors accounting for the average agreement between capacity determined by CAPWAP (BOR) and capacity determined with a static load test.
KW  - Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP)
KW  - Dynamic loads
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Pile driving
KW  - Soil types
KW  - Stresses
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3164
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322518
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01537876
AU  - Darter, Michael I
AU  - Titus-Glover, Leslie
AU  - Von Quintus, Harold
AU  - Bhattacharya, Biplab B
AU  - Mallela, Jagannath
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Calibration and Implementation of the AASHTO Mechanistic‐Empirical Pavement Design Guide in Arizona
PY  - 2014/09//Final Report
SP  - 216p
AB  - This report documents efforts of the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) to implement the America Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) DARWin‐ME pavement design guide in Arizona. The research team also prepared a practical stand‐alone user’s guide that provides guidance for obtaining inputs, conducting design, and establishing the recommended pavement design. Implementation focused on identifying the desired pavement design application of flexible hot‐mix asphalt (HMA) pavements, composite pavements (thin asphalt rubber friction course over jointed plain concrete pavement [JPCP] and continuously reinforced concrete pavement [CRCP]), JPCP, and HMA overlays of flexible pavement; characterizing materials and subgrades; determining traffic loadings (conducted under Darter et al. 2010); collecting and assembling DARWin‐ME input data from 180 Long Term Pavement Performance and pavement management system sections of flexible, rigid, composite, and rehabilitated pavements; calibrating the DARWin‐ME distress and International Roughness Index (IRI) prediction models to Arizona conditions; and training ADOT staff. Several biased distress and IRI models were corrected through the local calibration of Arizona pavements. Several key inputs were more accurately defined and Arizona defaults provided (e.g., subgrade resilient modulus). The calibration process improved these models through verification, validation, and calibration with Arizona data. Overall, the inputs and calibrated models will provide more accurate, reliable, and cost‐effective pavement designs than designs created with global calibrations.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Bituminous overlays
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Composite pavements
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - International Roughness Index
KW  - Long-Term Pavement Performance Program
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Modulus of resilience
KW  - Rigid pavements
KW  - Validation
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/AZ606.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323581
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577742
TI  - R26 - Preservation on High Volume Roadways

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - High volume roads
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Preservation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370804
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577468
TI  - In-Place Recycle Paving Methods: Energy Use Analysis

AB  - This project will develop methodology to assess the total or differential energy use involved in functionally comparable recycle-in-place paving techniques, taking into consideration all possible factors including equipment operation, fuel consumption, transportation, materials production and handling, reusability of reclaimed aggregates, expected longevity/durability, and other factors. This information will also be gathered for conventional paving so that any differential between the two approaches can be quantified. Ultimately, this data will be made available as a tool for use by transportation organizations toward the specification of highway rehabilitation projects. Making paving choices with the goal of sustainability is a complicated matter, and involves the consideration of many factors beyond the scope of this project. This effort seeks to isolate and focus on the energy use of a group of similar-outcome paving techniques so as to have another data resource among many to use in the decision-making process. By knowing the total energy use for a given paving technique as well as other environmental impact factors associated with each technique, agencies will be better positioned to make informed, objective decisions as to what method is optimal for a given budget, performance level, and environmental outcome.

KW  - Decision making
KW  - Durability
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - In-place recycling
KW  - Paving
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Service life
KW  - Sustainable development
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370730
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01536004
TI  - Geotechnical Engineering Research On-Call Services (ROC)
AB  - The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) is a large state agency charged with management and maintenance a vast transportation system in Ohio.  ODOT strives to execute its charge in the most effective and efficient manner possible.  Frequently, ODOT encounters situations where low cost, short term research services are needed to meet immediate needs for system management and maintenance improvements.  Some of the short term research needs may go unmet due to the immediacy of the need and the perceived long delay in navigating ODOT's research process.  To address this problem, ODOT has developed a "Research on Call" (ROC) procurement process to secure research services for low cost, short term research in advance of identifying specific research needs.  ODOT will identify small research projects that will be considered part of the ROC contract. ODOT will send a notification e-mail to the researcher identifying the project scope and requirements. The researcher has three weeks to respond to the written task request with the following information:  Work Plan, Budget, Schedule, and Deliverables. ODOT will respond to that "proposal" within two weeks. Once there is an agreement between the researcher and ODOT, the researcher will receive an official project acceptance letter. The researcher may not begin work on the project until they have received the official project initiation letter via email from ODOT's Research Section.
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Research
KW  - Scheduling
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/921157109/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321247
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543622
TI  - Guidance for Selection of Appropriate Countermeasures for Opposite Direction Crashes
AB  - From 2007 through 2009, there were over 14,000 fatalities that resulted from opposite direction crashes (source: Fatal Analysis Reporting System, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [NHTSA]). Nearly 80% of these crashes occurred on undivided roadways. Countermeasures, such as rumble strips/stripes, delineators, and barriers have proven to reduce both total crashes and serious injury crashes as reported in National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 641; however there is limited guidance on their specific performance. Improved guidance is needed on when and what type of countermeasure is appropriate, and what roadway factors may lead to higher opposite direction crash frequency rates. Additionally, guidance on progression of countermeasures (i.e., from rumble strips/stripes to additional separation to addition of barriers) and how these countermeasures could be applied on a systemic basis to proactively address opposite direction crashes is not well documented in American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) guidance. Although many opposite direction crash countermeasures have been studied individually, guidance on selecting from a wide range of opposite direction countermeasures does not exist. Median barrier for divided roads and centerline rumble strips for undivided roads have been the most studied countermeasures, but other countermeasures, such as reallocating lane width to create a small buffer median between opposing lanes, may be appropriate in some applications. A comprehensive guide on opposite direction crash countermeasures combined with a better understanding of what roadway factors increase opposite direction crash risk would aid transportation agencies to cost-effectively invest in countermeasures to reduce crashes on their road systems. The objective of this research is to develop a guidance document for the identification, prioritization, and selection of effective countermeasures to reduce or eliminate opposite directional crashes. The guidance document is intended for future possible adoption by the AASHTO Technical Committee on Roadside Safety as an update to the AASHTO Roadside Design Guide. The guidance document shall address: 91) Locations and roadway factors that influence the frequency of opposite direction crashes, such as but not limited to average daily traffic (ADT), geometric features (e.g., tangents, horizontal and vertical curves, cross-sectional features), topography, geographical areas, and operating speeds. (2) Selection of countermeasures (low and high cost) that can be implemented individually or in combination, such as but not limited to: rumble strips/stripes, delineators, raised pavement markings, separation between opposing lanes, and barriers. Identify countermeasure effectiveness under various roadway factors. (3) Any adverse impacts that may result from implementation of the countermeasures such as an increase of other crash types, operational impacts, and if the countermeasures impact other road users (such as bicyclists and motorcyclists) as well as adjacent properties (e.g., noise from rumble strips/stripes and surface treatments).
KW  - Average daily traffic
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Highway delineators
KW  - Median barriers
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - Two lane highways
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3659
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331575
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577470
TI  - New Approaches to Utility Cut Pavement Repair

AB  - The scope of this work is to carry out a study to comprehensively research and evaluate effective and durable approaches to the repair/restoration of utility cuts in asphalt and Portland cement concrete pavements. The scope of research will not be limited to the United States; indeed, it is of interest to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to explore what other countries are doing in this subject area. This study will document, assess and determine the efficacy of repair/restoration of pavements in the context of cuts to access buried utilities or other subsurface facilities.  Particular emphasis will be placed on urban conditions where utility cuts occur frequently and the desire is to minimize their impact on both the highway agency infrastructure and the traveling public.

KW  - Cutting
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Repairing
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Underground utility lines
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370732
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543534
TI  - Roadside Barrier Designs Near Bridge Ends with Restricted Rights of Way
AB  - A general problem that occurs at many existing highway bridge locations throughout the United States is where the length of need for guardrail required at bridge ends cannot be installed due to conflicts within the existing right of way (ROW) limits. The conflicts may consist of an existing intersecting private driveway, state or local roadway intersection, or other objects that do not allow the placement of the required guardrail length of need. It is not unusual at some existing bridge sites to have 10 feet or less between the end of the bridge and the conflict. Because most Test Level 3 (TL-3) tangent or flared guardrail end treatment systems are normally within the range of 37 to 50 feet in length, there is typically a problem with fitting the end treatment systems and guardrail transitions to the bridge rail at these restricted sites. Additionally, no current short radius guardrail system has been able to meet National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350 or the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 3 (TL-3) safety performance criteria for high-speed roadways. In many cases the private or public entity is unwilling to relocate the driveway, intersecting roadway, or other conflict and the state departments of transportation (DOT) or local transportation agency is left dealing with a potential safety issue. Traditional solutions are not very practical and prevent the bridge end and any other hazards around the bridge from being properly protected by a longitudinal barrier. In many cases, the State DOT will require that a design exception be acquired to install anything less than the required length of need with the proper guardrail end treatment. Mitigation of this problem was one of the issues specifically identified in the August 18, 1998 AASHTO/FHWA Agreement on implementing NCHRP Report 350. Previous research with short-radius type systems has either been unable to meet the TL-3 safety criteria and/or have proven unable to meet the space requirements for many of the intersecting roadway sites. Thus, no effective method for treating these sites is currently available for high-speed facilities. The objective of the research is to develop guidance on barrier safety treatment alternatives near bridge ends with restricted rights of way in a format suitable for potential adoption and inclusion as an update to the AASHTO Roadside Design Guide (RDG). This guidance document shall provide a barrier design(s) with a minimum footprint where the required length of need for guardrail at bridge ends cannot be installed due to intersecting roadways, driveways, or other obstruction. The proposed design(s) shall meet minimum TL-3 MASH requirements and be accompanied with required documentation necessary for an "FHWA Eligibility Letter for Reimbursement" application. The guidance shall include compliant drawings meeting AASHTO/AGC/ARTBA Task Force 13 (TF13) criteria. The guidance document is meant to be suitable for use by state DOTs and other agencies for balloting and acceptance by the AASHTO Highways Subcommittee on Design through its Technical Committee on Roadside Safety (TCRS).
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Barriers (Roads)
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Design
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Safety equipment
KW  - United States
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3657
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331131
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538288
AU  - Gayah, Vikash V
AU  - Donnell, Eric T
AU  - Pennsylvania State University, University Park
AU  - Mid-Atlantic Universities Transportation Center
AU  - Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Establishing Crash Modification Factors and Their Use
PY  - 2014/08/25/Final Report
SP  - 181p
AB  - A critical component in the Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials’ (AASHTO) Highway Safety Manual (HSM) safety management process is the Crash Modification Factor (CMF). It is used to estimate the change in the expected (average) number of crashes at a site when a specific countermeasure is implemented. This project responds to a request from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) to help integrate the use of CMFs into the existing safety management process. The objectives of this project were to assemble a list of CMFs that are consistent with the HSM and are appropriate for use in Pennsylvania, and provide guidelines for their use. Two products were created to help achieve these objectives. The first product is a guidebook that describes the proper implementation procedures for CMFs and contains a complete list of CMFs that are appropriate for use in Pennsylvania. This guidebook is the Pennsylvania CMF Guide. The second product is a training presentation for PennDOT entitled "What are CMFs and how do you use them?" This presentation will be used to introduce engineers to CMFs, describe how to implement them, and provide guidance for how to use the Pennsylvania CMF Guide. This presentation is geared toward both internal and external training workshops. This report also provides details on the development of these two products, which are included as appendices.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash modification factors
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Manual
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Pennsylvania
KW  - Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Training
UR  - http://www.mautc.psu.edu/docs/PSU-2014-01.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321476
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597414
AU  - Scianna, Adam
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 5: Wireless Monitoring of the Hung Span in a Large Truss Bridge – I-95 NB over the Thames River in New London (Bridge #3819)
PY  - 2014/08/21/Final Report
SP  - 23p
AB  - This report describes the instrumentation and data acquisition for the center hung segment in the largest truss bridge in Connecticut, located on the interstate system. The monitoring system was developed as a joint effort between researchers at the University of Connecticut and a company manufacturing wireless sensor technology, and it is the first of its kind. The great lengths between sensors, along with the difficulty of running wires over the trusses, led to the decision to use wireless sensors. Access to the underside of the bridge is severely limited, requiring closing of a lane whenever researchers are on the bridge. Since wireless sensors require batteries for power, necessitating replacement of batteries on a regular basis, researchers proposed use of solar panels along with rechargeable batteries for use with the sensors. The initial system was developed and placed on the bridge and used to collect strains and accelerations. Using what was learned from the initial system, changes and upgrades were made to the equipment. This included sensor modifications, replacement of some of the solar panels and revisions to the monitoring techniques. This report shows what was learned from the initial phases for this first-of-its kind monitoring system.
KW  - Acceleration (Mechanics)
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - New London (Connecticut)
KW  - Rechargeable batteries
KW  - Solar panels
KW  - Strain (Mechanics)
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Truss bridges
KW  - Wireless sensors
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54424/CT-2256-6-13-7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402171
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597415
AU  - Scianna, Adam
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - Jiang, Zhaoshuo
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - Kim, Jeong-Ho
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 2: Monitoring of Curved Post-Tensioned Concrete Box- Girder Bridge – I-384 WB over I-84 in East Hartford (Bridge #5686)
PY  - 2014/08/18/Final Report
SP  - 40p
AB  - This report describes the instrumentation and data acquisition for a three-span continuous, curved post-tensioned box-girder bridge in Connecticut. The computer-based remote monitoring system was developed to collect information on the deformations, accelerations and temperature distributions to evaluate the long-term behavior and performance of the bridge. The monitoring system was installed in 1999, as the first system in a long-term research project to evaluate a variety of bridges in Connecticut. The data collected over multi-year periods from normal vehicular traffic have been used to learn about long-term performance of this bridge, resulting in a series of papers. The initial study developed an approach using histograms to better define natural frequencies from the extensive field data. The second study explored the influence of temperature distributions on the overall behavior of the bridge, including evaluation of the cause of cracking in both the box girders and the interior column supports. The third study looked at the influence of temperature variations on the baseline data, needed to remove the effect of temperature variations from data generated for long-term structural health monitoring. The final study has used the information previously developed for both this bridge and others to establish a baseline for long-term structural health monitoring and performance evaluation to determine if changes in the structural integrity are developing over time. The final study described in this report identifies and quantifies different data qualification measures needed for the structural health monitoring of this bridge.
KW  - Box girder bridges
KW  - Curved bridges
KW  - Data collection
KW  - East Hartford (Connecticut)
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54419/CT-2256-3-13-4.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402168
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597413
AU  - Scianna, Adam
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - Jiang, Zhaoshuo
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 4: Monitoring of Curved Steel Box-Girder Composite Bridge – I-84 EB Flyover to I-91 NB in Hartford (Bridge #5868)
PY  - 2014/08/18/Final Report
SP  - 42p
AB  - This report describes the instrumentation and data acquisition for a continuous curved steel box-girder composite bridge in Connecticut. The computer-based remote monitoring system was installed in 2001, with accelerometers, tilt meters and temperature sensors. The bridge is part of a network of bridges in a long-term research project to evaluate the performance of a variety of bridges in Connecticut. Data have been collected over a multi-year period using normal vehicular traffic. A series of papers has been generated to explore the behavior of this bridge and to provide information to the Department of Transportation. The first study involved the development, implementation and evaluation of the initial data obtained from the monitoring system. This included a study of the large temperature gradients due to both annual climate changes and the position of the sun during the day. The goal was to explain the cause of torsion cracking in the tall slender concrete interior column supports. The second study used data collected over a multi-year period to develop benchmark parameters to use for structural health monitoring. Methods reviewed included natural frequency based methods, the modal assurance criterion, the signature assurance criterion, sensitivity coefficients of natural frequencies, and tilt meter data. The goal was to use ambient field monitoring data to detect changes in the structural integrity of the bridge. In the next study the improvement in bandwidth of the upgraded system is identified. The final study described in this report identifies and quantifies different data qualification measures needed for the structural health monitoring of this bridge.
KW  - Box girder bridges
KW  - Composite bridges
KW  - Curved box girders
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Hartford (Connecticut)
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Overpasses
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54423/CT-2256-5-13-6.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402170
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597411
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - Trivedi, Harinee
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - Kim, Jeong-Ho
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 6: Monitoring of a Continuous Plate Girder Bridge with Load Restrictions – Route 15 over the Housatonic River in Stratford
(Bridge #761)
PY  - 2014/08/18/Final Report
SP  - 12p
AB  - This report describes the instrumentation and data acquisition system for monitoring of a continuous span steel plate girder bridge with a composite concrete deck located on a limited access highway. The monitoring system was developed and installed on the bridge. The limited traffic loading on the bridge resulted in significant challenges to provide high fidelity measurements of the bridge response. Additionally, lessons learned from the other bridge monitoring installations in Connecticut and around the country and the world were considered here. Issues with low signal-to-noise ratios and aliasing were subsequently identified as needing to be addressed prior to any data collection for vibration-based monitoring of this bridge. Further, the inclusion of temperature sensors is identified to provide a measurement of environmental conditions to correlate measured responses and potential calculated damage measures.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Plate girder bridges
KW  - Size and weight regulations
KW  - Stratford (Connecticut)
KW  - Temperature sensors
KW  - Vibration
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54446/CT-2256-7-13-8.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402172
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577987
TI  - H&G1 EM-Adapting Infrastructure Design and Management to the Impacts of Global Climate Change

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Design
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Infrastructure
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371356
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577745
TI  - BT-4: Design & Construction of External Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Components

AB  - Design and Construction of External Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Components Using Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites.    

KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Fiber reinforced polymers
KW  - Strengthening (Maintenance)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370807
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577890
TI  - SI-12-05.2: Policy Research White Papers (Volpe 11-V-00018)

AB  - This modification of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Innovative Program Delivery (OIPD) Capacity Building Program Support IAA includes changes to the scope budget and funding.  

KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Policy
KW  - Research
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371198
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597417
AU  - Plude, Shelley
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - Scianna, Adam
AU  - Jiang, Zhaoshuo
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - Kim, Jeong-Ho
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - Jamalipour, Alireza
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 3: Monitoring of a Multi-Steel Girder Composite Bridge – I-91 SB over the Mattabesset River in Cromwell (Bridge #3078)
PY  - 2014/08/14/Final Report
SP  - 46p
AB  - This report describes the instrumentation and data acquisition for a multi-girder, composite steel bridge in Connecticut. The computer-based remote monitoring system was developed to collect information on the girder bending strains. The monitoring system was installed in 2004 to collect girder strains. The bridge is part of a network of bridges in a long-term research project to evaluate the performance of a variety of bridges in Connecticut. Data have been collected over a multi-year period using normal vehicular traffic. A series of papers has been generated to explore how the monitoring of this bridge can provide information of use to the Department of Transportation. The initial study involved the development of the data collection approach, used load tests and finite element analyses to describe the behavior, and used the data to make comparisons with the AASHTO Specification Requirements. The next study continued the development of the data from normal truck traffic to determine load and patterns and to propose guidelines for the long-term structural health monitoring of this bridge. The third study demonstrated that the monitoring system can also be used as a Bridge Weigh-In-Motion system. The monitoring system serves as a nonintrusive system to provide information on both the quantity and weights of trucks crossing the bridge. In the next study damage measures were developed for this bridge and compared to the inherent variability of actual bridge measurements to determine the minimum level of damage that can be detected by the system. The final study described in this report identifies and quantifies different data qualification measures needed for the structural health monitoring of this bridge.
KW  - Composite bridges
KW  - Cromwell (Connecticut)
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Girder bridges
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Steel girders
KW  - Strain (Mechanics)
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54422/CT-2256-4-13-5.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402169
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597410
AU  - Scianna, Adam
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - Jiang, Zhaoshuo
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 1: Monitoring of Post-Tensioned Segmental Concrete Box-Girder Bridge – I-95 over the Connecticut River in Old Saybrook
 (Bridge #6200)
PY  - 2014/08/14/Final Report
SP  - 37p
AB  - This report describes the instrumentation and data acquisition for an eleven span segmental, post-tensioned box-girder bridge in Connecticut. Based on a request from the designers, the computer-based remote monitoring system was developed to collect temperature data to provide engineers with information for use in the evaluation of the long-term behavior and performance of the bridge. The system was used over a five year period to determine maximum and minimum temperatures through the box girder cross section and to develop thermal gradients in both the vertical and transverse directions. Comparisons have been made with design specification provisions and with recommendations proposed by previous researchers. In addition, software has been developed to determine the relationship between the daily maximum temperature differences and the air temperatures inside the box girder. This approach is also used to develop the relationship between the maximum stresses due to temperature differences and the air temperature inside the box girder. The monitoring system is currently being upgraded.
KW  - Atmospheric temperature
KW  - Box girder bridges
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Old Saybrook (Connecticut)
KW  - Segmental concrete bridges
KW  - Stresses
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Temperature gradients
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54420/CT-2256-2-13-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402167
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597409
AU  - Christenson, Richard E
AU  - DeWolf, John T
AU  - Prusaczyk, Stephen
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut Permanent Long-Term Bridge Monitoring Network Volume 7: Lessons Learned for Specifications to Guide Design of Structural Health Monitoring Systems
PY  - 2014/08/14/Final Report
SP  - 33p
AB  - This report proposes a set of specifications for bridge structural health monitoring that has resulted from the experiences gained during the installation and monitoring of six permanent long-term bridge monitoring systems in Connecticut. As expected in bridge health monitoring research, numerous challenges have been identified and resolved during the course of this project, and this knowledge is passed on in the form of proposed data specification for bridge structural health monitoring sensor data.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Lessons learned
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54447/CT-2256-8-13-9.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402173
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560931
AU  - Aktan, Haluk
AU  - Attanayake, Upul
AU  - Mohammed, Abdul Wahed
AU  - Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Michigan Department of Transportation Bridge Slide Showcase
PY  - 2014/08/14/Final Report
SP  - 127p
AB  - In October 2010, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) launched the Every Day Counts (EDC) program to identify and promote innovation in three focus areas: (1) Shortening Project Delivery, (2) Enhancing Safety of the Roadways, and (3) Protecting the Environment. FHWA is partnering with the state departments of transportation to deliver projects with innovative technologies in order to promote their widespread use. The EDC program has been a great stimulus for the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to perform highway construction Better, Faster, Cheaper, Safer, and Smarter; such is the purpose of Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC). MDOT is implementing several ABC initiatives throughout the state. This report provides a summary of the FHWA-sponsored MDOT bridge slide showcase that encompassed two ABC slide-in projects in Michigan: US-131 NB and SB bridges over 3 Mile Road in Morley; and the M-50 bridge over I- 96 in Lowell. The showcase included presentations from FHWA, MDOT, designers, and contractors, along with a question and answers session at a conference hall in Grand Rapids-Michigan. In addition, the showcase included field visits to the slide projects. This report documents the presentations and discussions of participants with the MDOT panel, designers, and contractors at the showcase.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Every Day Counts
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Michigan
KW  - Michigan Department of Transportation
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdot/RC1618B_487364_7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1351098
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577868
TI  - SI 14.2.2 Support for National Performance Management. Research Data Set (Probe Data)

AB  - This funding supports the use of data that supports Federal Highway Administration, (FHWA), U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), State and Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) programs.  It is being used for current programs and to meet  Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) deliverables.    

KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Management
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - U.S. Department of Transportation
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371141
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01549577
TI  - Research Program Design---Administration of Highway and Transportation Agencies. State DOT CEO Leadership Forum - A Focus on Transportation Futures
AB  - The objective of this research was to provide logistical and intellectual support for a group of senior officials from state transportation agencies to attend the 2014 ITS World Congress in Detroit, Michigan, and assess the significance of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and other new technologies and practices for their agencies.  A workshop immediately following the Congress provided a forum for participants to discuss impressions and actionable lessons from their Congress experience.  A report of the workshop, available for download, was delivered to the American Association of State Transportation and Highway Officials (AASHTO) for that organization's use in strategic planning and technology strategy development.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Leadership
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3817
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1339731
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01534471
TI  - Hydraulic Engineering Research On-Call Services (ROC)
AB  - The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) is a large state agency charged with management and maintenance of a vast transportation system in Ohio.  ODOT strives to execute its charge in the most effective and efficient manner possible.  Frequently, ODOT encounters situations where low cost, short term research services are needed to meet immediate needs for system management and maintenance improvements.  Some of the short term research needs may go unmet due to the immediacy of the need and the perceived long delay in navigating ODOT's research process.  To address this problem, ODOT has developed a "Research on Call" (ROC) procurement process to secure research services for low cost, short term research in advance of identifying specific research needs. ODOT will identify small research projects that will be considered part of the ROC contract. ODOT will send a notification e-mail to the researcher identifying the project scope and requirements. The researcher has three weeks to respond to the written task request with the following information:  Work Plan, Budget, Schedule, and Deliverables. ODOT will respond to that "proposal" within two weeks. Once there is an agreement between the researcher and ODOT, the researcher will receive an official project acceptance letter. The researcher may not begin work on the project until they have received the official project initiation letter via email from ODOT's Research Section.
KW  - Contracting out
KW  - Costs
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Procurement
KW  - Proposals
KW  - Researchers
KW  - Short term
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/9/OHI/2014/10/28/H1414523602145/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320102
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01534470
TI  - Forensic Study of Early Failures with Unbonded Concrete Overlays
AB  - The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) has constructed over 350 lane miles of Unbonded Concrete Overlays (UBCO).  For the most part these overlays have performed as expected.  However, occasionally an UBCO is constructed which performs below expectations.  The objective is to determine the mechanisms of failure responsible for each distress evident at the time of the study.  The goal being to tie these mechanisms to the design, construction and/or materials practices or standards that can be modified to gain better performance and eliminate or delay these types of problems in the future. The research is expected to result in a better understanding of how to design and construct an unbonded concrete overlay.  Ultimately, this research is expected to produce cost savings by preventing premature distress formations in unbonded concrete pavement overlays and reducing future maintenance costs to those projects through improved performance of the overlays.
KW  - Concrete overlays
KW  - Costs
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Paving
KW  - Unbonded concrete overlays
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/9/OHI/2014/10/28/H1414523602145/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320101
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577469
TI  - Integrating 3D Digital Models Into Asset Management

AB  - This project will examine the state of the art of three-dimensional (3D) building information modeling/civil integrated management (BIM/CIM) technology, both domestically and abroad and its application to highway asset management. Once this information is synthesized, the effort will focus on developing best-practice recommendations that include a plan for the integration of 3D design into current highway construction standards, educational curriculum, and professional practice in the United States. These recommendations will serve as a foundation for industry, academia, and government to incorporate 3D elements into future highway design and specification practice.

KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Integrated systems
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Standards
KW  - Three dimensional displays
KW  - United States
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370731
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01552191
TI  - Implementation Support for Strategic Highway Research Program II (SHRP2) Renewal Project ROSE Real-time Smoothness Measurements on Portland Cement Concrete Pavements During Construction
AB  - The overall objective of the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2) project R06E Real-Time Smoothness Measurements on Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) Pavements during Construction was to enable real-time control of concrete pavement smoothness during construction by evaluating and demonstrating promising technologies, and the development of both model specifications and construction guidance that are capable of working with the identified technology in such a way as to further the objective of rapid implementation by State Highway Agencies. Seven potential real-time smoothness measurement devices were identified and studied as part of the project. Two of the devices were found to warrant subsequent evaluation and demonstration as part of Phase Ill of the project: These included the GOMACO Smoothness Indicator (GSI) and the Ames Engineering Real-Time Profiler (RTP). The GOMACO device was piloted and evaluated during concrete paving projects in Arkansas and Michigan, and the Ames device was piloted in Texas, Michigan, and New York. During the project, it was noted that there was consensus among contractors that the real-time smoothness measuring technology represents a valuable process control tool in that the ability to have real-time feedback from intentional process changes has the greatest potential to make lasting improvements in the smoothness of concrete pavements. While the current state of the practice is to cautiously make an equipment/process change and wait approximately 24 hours for feedback when the hardened pavement can be profiled, real-time smoothness measuring devices allow the contractors to make adjustments to their concrete equipment and/or process while the concrete is still wet, minimizing more costly corrections later. Specific information about the SHRP 2 Program and a copy of the R06E Research Report may be found online at: www.fhwa.dot.gov/goSHRP2. The objectives of this Task Order are to provide technology deployment support as described below: (1) equipment loan program; (2) conduct showcases; (3) conduct workshops; (4) documentation of results/case studies; (5) specification refinement; and (6) marketing &amp; outreach. These objectives seek to ensure routine use of the R06E product technology by Agencies and contractors that routinely construct PCC projects.
KW  - Construction equipment
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Real time control
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Smoothness
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
KW  - Workshops
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342337
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01532752
TI  - Investigation of In-Situ Strength of Various Construction/Widening Methods Utilized on Local Roads
AB  - A common practice among local public agencies in Ohio is to reuse materials (e.g.: asphalt, concrete, Portland cement concrete, etc.) from projects to widening existing roads or backfill at other locations.  A variety of other methods may also be utilized in conjunction with the repurposed materials (e.g.: fly ash, lime, fabric, etc.).  The utilization of these techniques may be driven, in part, by budgetary constraints or material availability.  While it is easy for local transportation officials to compare these methods based on costs, there is a lack of information available to compare the overall effectiveness of these methods in terms of projected strength or relative load capacity.  In order to provide local governments with the tools necessary to assist in system preservation decisions, research into the performance of these methods is needed. The goal of this research is to establish a range of structural coefficients (or moduli) for various materials utilized to widen/construct roads on Ohio's local system. The objective is to provide locals with a repeatable, non-destructive methodology to characterize the strength/load capacity of materials used in road widening/construction when established values are unavailable.  The results of this research will provide local officials with enhanced knowledge and understanding of the potential structural integrity of materials being considered for use in roadway maintenance, improvement and construction projects.  This will lead to more efficient design and greater confidence in the load carrying capacity of rural roads.  It will provide a scientific basis for material selection to compliment the readily available cost data, which will aid locals in managing budgets and ensuring the fiscal integrity of local pavement preservation programs.
KW  - Bearing capacity
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Pavement widening
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Road construction
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/921157109/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1318355
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547548
TI  - Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications
AB  - "Airport communications centers" is the term most likely used to describe the location where a variety of functions occur at airports. Some of these functions include typical dispatch of emergency response (police and fire), maintenance requests, monitoring airport systems (e.g., closed circuit television [CCTV], access control), public address paging, passenger customer service, and airside operations. These functions sometimes occur in "silos" whereby a department sets up a communications center either as a requirement (e.g, public safety answering point) or as a service to their passengers and tenants, staffed by their own department personnel. These call centers may not be referred to as communications centers, and staff from these departments may believe that an integrated approach would not benefit them, as they might feel a loss of control over their operation. There are a myriad of factors that should be considered when determining the best way to provide those services to the public or to ensure adequate flow of information internally to other airport departments and externally. Some airports, and some communities, have set up integrated communications centers. These centers combine all of the communications and security functions and systems into the same location to achieve staffing efficiencies, or they have all been co-located with the intent to achieve communications efficiencies. There are challenges associated with this approach in the area of staffing and integrating systems. These integrated communications centers are also known by different names at some airports such as an airport communications center, airport response coordinated center, and C-4, etc.  However, they function similarly with respect to eliminating most if not all separate communications centers run within a single department. While most of these integrated communications centers have been at the larger airports, smaller airports may also want to consider integrating communications centers to achieve the same efficiencies. With more and more technology being added to airport operations that require monitoring thus diverting the attention of communications center staff, there is the question of how much information can be absorbed so that employees can maintain situational awareness. There is research that has been conducted in human factors but there is no known link of the application of that research into the planning, design, and operation of a communications center at airports. The objective of this research is to develop guidance for the planning, design, and operation of airport communications centers. The guidance should include, at a minimum, the following: (1) Determining the right approach for setting up information/customer service, dispatch, and call center functions, as either as an integrated communications center or by function/department; (2) Determining siting/location(s); (3) Determining the systems and technologies (current and emerging) and system maintenance support; (4) Data management and data security requirements; (5) The impact of external entities on communication center operations; (6) Redundancy and back-up planning; (7) Staffing considerations; (8) Strategies for working with stakeholders when establishing an integrated communications center and how to integrate the combined operations, including supervisory structure; (9) Obstacles to transitioning to an integrated communications center; (10) Layout considerations, including minimum and maximum staffing capacities and maintaining situational awareness; (11) Lessons learned from the building and operation of both integrated and non-integrated communication centers; (12) Tools/worksheets/checklists as appropriate for planning, designing, or operating a communications center; (13) List of external resources that can be used in the planning stage; and (14) Glossary of terms.
KW  - Access control (Communications)
KW  - Airport operations
KW  - Communication systems
KW  - Data communications
KW  - Dispatching
KW  - Information services
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3453
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334985
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566288
TI  - Reducing Secondary Crashes through Effective Traffic Incident Management
AB  - Currently on its crash form, Arizona is the only state that is recording incident data on the three Traffic Incident Management (TIM) performance measures for collection and analysis: (1) Roadway Clearance Time: This interval is defined as the time between the first recordable awareness of an incident (detection, notification, or verification) by a responding agency and first confirmation that all lanes are available for traffic flow. (2) Incident Clearance Time: This interval is defined as the time between the first recordable awareness of the incident and the time at which the last responder has left the scene. (from FHWA-HOP-10-013 "Traffic Incident Management Handbook") (3) Secondary Crashes: The number of secondary crashes beginning with the time of detection of the primary incident where a collision occurs either a) within the incident scene or b) within the queue, including the opposite direction, resulting from the original incident. According to Zhan et al., secondary crashes are generally defined as crashes that occur as a result of primary incidents. They go on to state that "there is no uniform definition of a secondary crash in terms of its spatial and temporal relationship to the primary incident…it has been difficult to associate an initial incident with secondary crashes and to confirm that the first incident was indeed a contributor to the subsequent crashes." For the purposes of this research, a secondary crash is defined as a crash resulting directly from any primary roadway incident (see the third bullet above). Depending on the nature of the reporting by the official, a secondary crash may or may not be difficult to define or determine. It is expected that the three TIM performance measures are somehow interrelated or can be correlated with each other to provide a clearer understanding of these highly complex phenomena. "Roadway Clearance Time" and "Incident Clearance Time" are the two TIM components that can be associated with the incident management of a primary crash. Reduction of the "Secondary Crashes" component is what this research will attempt to assess by looking at the incident management that leads to the first two performance measures.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Clearance time (Traffic incidents)
KW  - Detection and identification
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Secondary crashes
KW  - Traffic incidents
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357465
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566183
TI  - Detection and Warning Systems for Wrong-Way Driving
AB  - Wrong-way driving results from drivers making wrong-way entries onto freeways or other controlled-access highways, or making mainline maneuvers that result in driving the wrong way/direction. Collisions from wrong-way drivers continue to be a problem on the nation's highways, including Arizona's controlled-access highways.  Although infrequent, the consequences of wrong-way driving crashes are much more serious than other types of collisions.  The department continues to review different access control measures, including the design of on/off ramp approaches and signage, looking for possible changes or additions that can impact wrong-way entries.  In addition, the department seeks to explore the potential benefits of detecting wrong-way incidents and providing timely warnings; to the wrong-way driver, to relevant authorities, and to other motorists in the area (where appropriate), as an additional mitigation tool for select highway locations.  To this end, this research will focus on establishing the magnitude and characteristics of the problem, identifying the most effective detection systems, evaluating and selecting warning systems/protocols that will work best within existing infrastructure and law enforcement capacities, creating a plan for a pilot deployment at select locations, and developing a post-installation monitoring plan for the identified systems.  A matrix of key performance criteria will be developed to evaluate detection systems and warning protocols.  The aim will be to ensure that only systems meeting an agreed set of minimum requirements are considered for potential deployment. This effort has its own challenges.  First, determining highway points of entry by wrong-way drivers is not a simple matter.  Information about wrong-way drivers is normally sent in by other drivers after the wrong-way driver has already entered the highway.  Thus those calling in and reporting the wrong-way vehicle rarely know where it entered the highway.  Another major issue is how to draw the attention of drivers who are impaired, which happens to be the case for a large proportion of the drivers involved, as determined from cases where incident information and driver status was available.  The large number of exit ramps constitutes another challenge.  The cost of implementing specific countermeasures at all exit ramp locations can be prohibitive, making it even more critical to identify and prioritize potential problem locations or corridors.  It is also important for any measures taken as part of the solution to either comply with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), or have a pilot testing exemption.
KW  - Access control (Transportation)
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Detection and identification systems
KW  - Impaired drivers
KW  - Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
KW  - Off ramps
KW  - On ramps
KW  - Warning systems
KW  - Wrong way driving
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357354
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541510
AU  - West, Randy
AU  - Willis, Richard
AU  - Brown, Ray
AU  - Blow, Mark
AU  - Auburn University
AU  - South Dakota Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improved Performance of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Mixes
PY  - 2014/08/07/Final Report
SP  - 72p
AB  - Utilization of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in asphalt pavements has become an important strategy to help offset rising raw material prices and to improve the sustainability of our transportation infrastructure. The South Dakota Department of Transportation (SDDOT) began to routinely use RAP in main‐line asphalt surfaces in 2007. However, some of these pavements have not performed satisfactory, often exhibiting premature raveling and cracking. This prompted the SDDOT to commission this study to identify current practices and specifications that could be improved. The research team reviewed the department’s current policies, specification, and procedures as well as the current state of knowledge related to RAP use from recent research and neighboring highway departments. The researchers also reviewed mix design and quality assurance data from a few of the poor performing projects. The research team found that most of SDDOT’s current practices regarding RAP use are appropriate, but made several recommendations to better characterize RAP materials during mix design and to verify those characteristics during mixture production. To improve the performance and durability of the mixes containing RAP, a small change in the target air void content during mix design is recommended that will result in slightly higher asphalt contents.
KW  - Durability
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - South Dakota Department of Transportation
KW  - Specifications
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://www.sddot.com/business/research/projects/docs/SD2011-08%20Final%20Report.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54700/54713/SD2011-08_20Final_20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326237
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01534193
TI  - Evaluation of Cost Effective Protective Coatings for ODOT Snow & Ice Equipment
AB  - In winter maintenance, the chemicals used to keep roadways clear of snow and ice are highly corrosive to vehicles and equipment. Corrosion of snow and ice equipment is a major issue that results in increased maintenance and repair costs, reduced vehicle life, and increased vehicle downtime. Coatings are often applied to protect the bare metal from corrosive environments. Success of this project will provide the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) with a corrosion prevention strategy that will increase public safety by preventing unexpected equipment failures, decreased downtime of snow and ice equipment, increased efficiency by decreasing downtime, and cost savings through reduction of rust related maintenance. There are six main objectives for this study. (1) Knowledge of previous work determining the effectiveness of commercially available corrosion protective coatings. (2) Knowledge of current "Best Practice" for application of corrosion protective coatings. (3) Laboratory testing to determine the effectiveness of corrosion protective coatings. (4) Laboratory testing to determine the most appropriate application cycle for corrosion protective coatings, both initially and at regular maintenance intervals. (5) Development of "standard Operating Procedure" of most cost effective, durable, commercially available coating applicable for ODOT. (6) Cost-benefit analysis that considers capital equipment, service and maintenance, modifications to existing equipment, material usage, and environmental benefits.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Maintenance equipment
KW  - Rust prevention
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/9/OHI/2014/10/28/H1414523602145/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1319626
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543722
TI  - Legal Problems Arising out of Highway Programs. Topic 21-04. Liability of Transportation Entity for the Unintentional Release of Secure Data or the Intentional Release of Monitoring Data on Movements or Activities of the Public
AB  - Transportation entities collect various amounts of data for transportation related purposes. Without debating the legitimacy of the purpose for the specific data collected, what liability exists for the accidental release of data that was to be securely held by the entity for a transportation related purpose? Similarly, what liability exists for the intentional release of data generated from the monitoring of the movements or activities of the public? The main objective of this research is to review what statutes, regulations or common law exist regarding the release of data collected for transportation purposes. Included in this research are questions concerning the application of public records laws and the application of any constitutional, statutory or common law privacy rights.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Laws
KW  - Liability
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Privacy
KW  - Regulations
KW  - Travel behavior
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3783
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331758
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01537875
AU  - Laube, Melissa M
AU  - Rainville, Lydia
AU  - Lyons, William M
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Multi-Modal Approach to Economic Development in the Metropolitan Area Transportation Planning Process
PY  - 2014/08/06/Final Report
SP  - 49p
AB  - This white paper provides a review of research and current practices of integrating economic development goals in metropolitan area transportation planning. The information presented is intended to serve as a technical resource for transportation planners, clarifying essential economic development concepts and how peer practitioners can address these concepts in the metropolitan area transportation planning process. The first section summarizes research on essential economic development attributes and analytic methods drawn from a broad range of sources, including empirical and analytical research. This summary provides the context for the second section, which is a review of several best practice examples chosen to demonstrate how metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) are successfully incorporating economic development goals in planning and decision-making.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Case studies
KW  - City planning
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/EconDevelopmentFinal_8-11-14.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52600/52663/EconDevelopmentFinal_8-11-14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323292
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01613759
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Focus State Roadway Departure Safety Plans and High Friction Surface Treatments Peer Exchange
PY  - 2014/08/05
SP  - 8p
AB  - This report summarizes the Focus State Roadway Departure Safety Plans and High Friction Surface Treatments Peer Exchange, held in Birmingham, Alabama, sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety’s Roadway Safety Professional Capacity Building Program. On August 5 and 6, 2014, the FHWA Office of Safety and FHWA Resource Center convened representatives from seven States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri. The purpose of this event was to facilitate the exchange of information between States regarding approaches to roadway departure (RwD) safety, including implementation of RwD Focus State Implementation Plans and High Friction Surface Treatments (HFST). The event consisted of a combination of presentations and facilitated discussions on rumble strips and stripes, curve delineation, HFST, and RwD Safety Implementation Plans.  To encourage discussion, facilitators organized a SWOT Scramble, where participants provided their observations on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to the three countermeasures discussed. Discussion themes included: the use of a systemic approach to assess and identify horizontal curve projects; technical challenges associated with HFST applications; and differences in State rumble strip policies.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Ran off road crashes
KW  - Road markings
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation policy
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/59000/59800/59831/peer_report_AL_Aug2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1425506
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543602
TI  - Mainstreaming Transportation Hazards and Security Risk Management: CAPTA Update and Implementation
AB  - Surface transportation agencies are uniquely positioned among civilian government agencies to swiftly take direct action to protect lives and property. They have broad policy responsibility, public accountability, large and distributed workforces, heavy equipment, and robust communications infrastructure. The institutional heft of such agencies also provides a stable base for campaigns to mitigate or systematically reduce risk exposure over time through all-hazards capital investments. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Special Committee on Transportation Security and Emergency Management (SCOTSEM) adopted several reports in August 2012 that provide detailed guidance: (1) A Guide to Emergency Response Planning at State Transportation Agencies (NCHRP Report 525, Vol. 16), and (2) Security 101: A Physical Security Primer for Transportation Agencies (NCHRP Report 525, Vol. 14). Those documents join the report adopted by the AASHTO Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures: (1) Blast-Resistant Highway Bridges: Design and Detailing Guidelines (NCHRP Report 645). (2) The SCOTSEM-adopted reports provide baseline processes that reference the methodology developed in NCHRP Report 525, Volume 15: Costing Asset Protection: An All-Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA), which produced: (1) A project report that documents research activity and methodology development. (2) A User Guide that explains and illustrates the CAPTA methodology and its implementation and application. (3) A computer-based tool that implements the methodology ("CAPTool"). (4) An embedded data model (updatable) The User Guide (Item 2, above) was updated in 2013, when Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) published Using CAPTool to Implement the "Costing Asset Protection: An All-Hazards Guide for Transportation Agencies (CAPTA)" Methodology (CAPTool User Guide). Use of tools such as CAPTA inform agency decisions so that, to the extent possible, investments in transportation infrastructure represent "system-level" decisions that consider security as an important factor comparable to safety, reliability, and other aspects of transportation capital investment decision making. The goal for CAPTA 1.0 was to support mainstreaming an integrated, high-level, all-hazard, National Incident Management System (NIMS)-responsive, multimodal, consequence-driven, risk management process into transportation agency programs and activities by providing a convenient and robust planning tool for top-down estimation of both capital and operating budget implications of measures intended to reduce risks to locally acceptable levels. There have been significant changes in national guidance since CAPTA was first released and the adoption by state departments of transportation (DOTs) of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) reports referenced above. There is a need to (1) update the baseline data in the data model embedded in CAPTA and (2) reposition CAPTA to better align with the planning and design processes now in place. The costing data update is necessary but not sufficient; a detailed implementation plan is needed to promote use of CAPTA by state DOTs and other agencies so that it can become part of a mainstreamed process for including security and related considerations in the transportation planning process and resource allocation decisions. There is also a need to simplify and package the CAPTA approach to encourage broader interest and adoption and overcome the sources of resistance to embodiment of security into resource allocation decisions including (1) lack of institutionalized statewide planning that addresses resource allocation, (2) perceived reduced urgency of security issues, (3) reduction in funding for emergency and security-related planning, and (4) overcomplicated processes and methods for incorporating hazard- and threat-related factors into planning and programming. The objectives of this research are to (1) update and enhance the CAPTA methodology and CAPTool for realistic costing and (2) create and apply an implementation plan to inform state transportation agencies and other stakeholders of the updated products.
KW  - Emergency management
KW  - Emergency response time
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Security
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3595
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331555
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543528
TI  - Operational and Safety Considerations in Making Lane Width Decisions on Urban and Suburban Arterials
AB  - In an era of multimodal design and expensive right-of-way, agencies must make decisions on how to best accommodate users of the roadway system within limited budgets. One of the driving decisions is how wide the travel lanes should be while balancing these interests and operational and safety perspectives. A few recent research projects have examined the relationship between lane width and safety on urban and suburban arterials. These studies found no general indication (with a few exceptions) that the use of lanes narrower than 12 feet increased crash frequencies. While the research provided excellent insight into lane width/safety relationships, it did not address speed, volume, transit, heavy vehicles, on- and off-street neighboring spaces (e.g., turn lane, bike lane, on-street parking, shoulder width, curb and gutter, another lane next to lane of interest, or the proximity of objects such as utility poles, trees, or street furniture on the roadside), bicycle and pedestrian use, and shared versus exclusive lane use. Therefore, additional research is needed to better answer these questions. The objectives of this research are (1) to investigate the effects of urban and suburban arterial lane widths on operations and safety for all users, (2) produce guidelines for practitioners to determine lane configuration for reconstruction and new construction projects, and (3) propose appropriate revisions to the American Association of Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Green Book.
KW  - Arterial highways
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Lane width
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Right of way (Traffic)
KW  - Suburbs
KW  - Traffic lanes
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3630
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331125
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01582988
TI  - Aurora Program
AB  - The Aurora Program is a consortium of public road agencies focused on collaborative research, evaluation, and deployment of advanced technologies for detailed road weather monitoring and forecasting. Members seek to implement advanced road weather information systems (RWIS) that fully integrate state-of-the-art roadway and weather forecasting technologies with coordinated, multi-agency weather monitoring infrastructures. Aurora's research projects are designed to improve the efficiency of highway maintenance operations and distribute effective real-time information to travelers. Its initiatives are expected to result in technological advancement and improvement of existing RWIS, significantly reducing the adverse impacts of inclement weather on mobility.  Six primary goals are to: (1) improve dissemination of road weather information to transportation providers and end users, ultimately increasing safety by reducing potential weather-related incidents and improving transportation safety, reliability, and mobility in both urban and rural areas; (2) improve the efficiency of maintenance operations; (3) aid in the development of technologies that seamlessly integrate to facilitate the formation of partnerships between maintenance and operations and facilitate the dissemination of road weather information; (4) develop initiatives that assist public agencies in deploying RWIS technologies and methodologies; (5) encourage greater cooperation and information exchange between transportation agencies and the other agencies and groups; and (6) upport development of expanded uses of RWIS technologies.  Defined areas of interest on which to focus its research program are: Decision Support Systems, Meso-scale Modeling, tandards and Architecture; Small-scale Modeling and Analysis, Information Dissemination Technologies; Equipment Evaluations, Road Condition Monitoring; Innovative weather-related Data Collection and Dissemination Instrumentation and Methodologies.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Weather forecasting
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/532
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1377923
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01582926
TI  - Toughness Requirements for Heat-Affected Zones of Welded Structural Steels for Highway Bridges - Phase I
AB  - The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) M 270 (ASTM A709), Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges, covers the chemical, mechanical, and toughness properties of structural steel intended for use in bridges. The AASHTO/AWS D1.5 Bridge Welding Code covers the welding processes and requirements for welded highway bridges, but it does not address the toughness requirements for heat-affected zones (HAZs) of welded structural steel. Also, toughness requirements for HAZs of welded structural steel are not covered in AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications.There is a need to identify the factors affecting the toughness for HAZs of welded structural steels used in highway bridges and determine what toughness requirements are necessary for incorporation in the AASHTO/AWS Bridge Welding Code and the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. This information will ensure that the HAZs will exhibit the toughness properties that are necessary for the intended performance and service life. The objective of this research is to develop proposed toughness requirements for the heat-affected zones (HAZs) of welded structural steels for highway bridges. The research shall deal with steels intended for use in bridges as identified in AASHTO M 270, Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges. 
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Heat affected zone (Metals)
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Service life
KW  - Structural steel
KW  - Toughness
KW  - Weldments
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=4115
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1377551
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577139
TI  - Addressing the Challenges and the Return on Investment for Paperless Project Delivery (e-Construction)

AB  - Under this project, the contractor shall assess what State and local highway agencies are doing to transition to a more paperless project delivery system. The scope covers the time from when a project is advertised to when the final project is accepted and includes the processes used both in the central office and out in field offices and on the jobsite. The focus of this project is to document the return on investment for moving in this direction, and as a result, emphasis should be placed on documenting the costs (in terms of human and capital resources), benefits (tangible and intangible), and challenges encountered by agencies. The project shall also develop recommendations to overcome or address the challenges agencies interested in going more paperless would encounter. The results of the study should be applicable to various types, sizes, and scopes of roadway projects.

KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Construction and maintenance
KW  - Costs
KW  - Document delivery
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Return on investment
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370386
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01573306
TI  - 2015 Performance Measures Technical Transfer Conference and Asset Management Peer Exchange
AB  - The focus of this pooled fund project will be in the area of National Highway Performance Program (NHPP).  The primary activities of this pooled fund project are technology exchange, information sharing, and the facilitation of partnering relationships among state agencies, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and other appropriate associates.  Specifically this pooled fund will: (1) Provide communication and information sharing among member states. Discuss research, development and technology transfer needs in the areas of performance measures and asset management and provide research ideas to Transportation Research Board (TRB) in connection with the 2015 Annual Meeting.  (2) Performance Measures Conference (Conference):  Provide a technology and knowledge exchange forum to enhance the practical knowledge of conference participants concerning performance measures with a focus on development and refinement of State department of transportation (DOT) performance measures plans. (3) 1 Day State DOT  Meeting on Asset Management:  Provide a technology and knowledge exchange forum focused on the development and refinement of asset management processes for state DOTs. (4) Enhance the working knowledge of the performance measures and asset management communities.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Technology transfer
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/547
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1366530
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543714
TI  - Guidelines for Limiting Damage to Flexible and Composite Pavements Due to the Presence of Water
AB  - State departments of transportation (DOTs) are familiar with incidents where pavements suffer unexpected failure due to the presence of water. Typically, significant maintenance or even major rehabilitation is needed to remedy such damage. Past studies have identified many factors that contribute to water-induced damage, over and above those related to the paving materials. Despite the wealth of information on water-induced damage in the technical literature, there is a need for guidelines that identify best practices to limit damage to pavements from water intrusion. These best practices are documented in numerous sources and are practiced by experienced pavement engineers; however, the information has not been assembled in one convenient location. The target audience of the guidelines should be practicing engineers. These guidelines should focus on strategies to limit damage due to the presence of water when constructing, maintaining, or rehabilitating flexible or composite pavement systems. The objectives of this research are to develop (1) guidelines for the practicing engineer, in the form of a proposed American Association of State highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standard practice, for limiting water-induced damage to new and existing flexible and composite pavements and (2) a syllabus and materials for a 1-day training course on the use of the guidelines by practicing engineers. The guidelines shall be targeted to practitioners in the pavement and materials engineering community. At a minimum, they shall address the effects of: (1) pavement structure (e.g., drainage layers, "bath tubs," and shoulders); (2) roadway geometry (e.g., cross slope, sag, and ditch lines); (3) regional climate (e.g., wet-freeze); (4) materials (e.g., anti-strip agents and aggregates); (5) construction practices (e.g., longitudinal joint construction and underdrain location); and (6)maintenance practices (e.g., crack filling and outlet cleaning)
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Composite pavements
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Moisture damage
KW  - Paving
KW  - Surface drainage
KW  - Training
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3626
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331750
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543618
TI  - Toughness Requirements for Heat-Affected Zones of Welded Structural Steels for Highway Bridges
AB  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) M 270 (ASTM A709), Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges, covers the chemical, mechanical, and toughness properties of structural steel intended for use in bridges. The AASHTO/AWS D1.5 Bridge Welding Code covers the welding processes and requirements for welded highway bridges, but it does not address the toughness requirements for heat-affected zones (HAZs) of welded structural steel. Also, toughness requirements for HAZs of welded structural steel are not covered in AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications. There is a need to identify the factors affecting the toughness for HAZs of welded structural steels used in highway bridges and determine what toughness requirements are necessary for incorporation in the AASHTO/AWS Bridge Welding Code and the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. This information will ensure that the HAZs will exhibit the toughness properties that are necessary for the intended performance and service life. The objective of this research is to develop proposed toughness requirements for the heat-affected zones (HAZs) of welded structural steels for highway bridges. The research shall deal with steels intended for use in bridges as identified in AASHTO M 270, Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Heat affected zone (Metals)
KW  - Service life
KW  - Structural steel
KW  - Toughness
KW  - Weldments
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3647
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331571
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01610831
AU  - Lai, James
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessing Techniques and Performance of Thin OGFC/PEM Overlay on Micro-Milled Surface
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 182p
AB  - The practice of placing an open-graded friction course (OGFC) or a porous European mix (PEM) directly on top of a conventional milled surface has rarely been done in Georgia due to concerns that this rehabilitation method could potentially cause delamination of the surface layer due to poor bonding between the OGFC/PEM layer and the conventional milled surface. This report presents the research study for evaluating the quality of two micro-milling operations (one on I-75 and one on I-95) designed to reduce the potential for these issues. Results obtained from the I-75 project indicated that based on four years of satisfactory performance of the PEM overlay the use of a 95-percentile ridge-to-valley texture depth (RVD) parameter as the threshold value for compliance with the correction 3.2 mm RVD acceptance requirement could be too restrictive. Alternatively, Mean RVD was tentatively adopted on the I-95 project for compliance with the correction 3.2 mm RVD acceptance criteria. The research team concluded that the ultimate decision for selecting an appropriate RVD parameter for compliance with the correction 3.2 mm RVD acceptance requirement should be based on the long-term performance of the OGFC/PEM layer placed on the micro-milled surface.
KW  - Bond strength (Materials)
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Milling
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/07-07.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1422679
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01601692
AU  - Laval, Jorge A
AU  - Yin, Yafeng
AU  - Lou, Yingyan
AU  - Cho, Hyun W
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Southeastern Transportation Research, Innovation, Development and Education Center (STRIDE)
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Pricing Strategies for Managed Lanes
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 100p
AB  - The objective of this research was to investigate and compare the performances of different dynamic pricing strategies for managed lanes facilities. On a two-alternative network, analytical expressions for the assignment, revenue and total delay in each alternative were derived as a function of the pricing strategy. It was found that minimum total system delay was achieved with many different pricing strategies. This gave flexibility to operators to allocate congestion to either alternative according to their specific objective while maintaining the same minimum total system delay. Given a specific objective, the optimal pricing strategy was determined by finding a single parameter value in the case of high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes. Performances of pricing strategies were compared by simulation experiments. Tolls with refund options and tradable credit scheme were discussed.
KW  - Congestion pricing
KW  - Dynamic pricing
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - Managed lanes
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Traffic delays
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-17.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1409555
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01580067
AU  - Kruse, C James
AU  - Ellis, David
AU  - Protopapas, Annie
AU  - Norboge, Nicolas
AU  - Glover, Brianne
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Texas Gulf Intracoastal Waterway Master Plan: Technical Report
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 197p
AB  - Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) may want to expand its role in the maintenance of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway in Texas (GIWW-T) and/or associated assets. This report looks at what is needed to restore and sustain the GIWW-T to its optimum level, and how TxDOT might be able to play a more active role in the realization of this goal. It describes needs, costs, obstacles to TxDOT taking a more active role, shortfall in federal funding, potential funding sources to fill the gap, and performance metrics to enable TxDOT to measure, monitor, and manage the condition and utility of the GIWW-T. This research establishes a baseline for the condition and utilization of the GIWW-T. Although the authorized dimensions of the GIWW-T are 12 ft deep and 125 ft wide, there are many portions of the channel that are not being maintained to those dimensions, primarily because of a lack of funding. This research looks at: (1) What is needed to restore and sustain the GIWW-T to its optimum level; (2) What the major operational concerns, the impacts of a lack of dredging and operational obstacles are; and (3) How TxDOT might be able to play a more active role in achieving the goal of a highly efficient and safe GIWW-T.
KW  - Costs
KW  - Financing
KW  - Gulf Intracoastal Waterway
KW  - Intracoastal waterways
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Metrics (Quantitative assessment)
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdot-info/tpp/giww/technical-report-0814.pdf
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6807-1-booklet.pdf
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6807-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1372754
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579250
AU  - Reid, Jonathan
AU  - Sutherland, Larry
AU  - Ray, Brian
AU  - Daleiden, Andy
AU  - Jenior, Pete
AU  - Knudsen, Julia
AU  - Kittelson & Associates
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Median U-Turn Informational Guide
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 148p
AB  - This document provides information and guidance on Median U-Turn (MUT) intersections, resulting in designs suitable for a variety of typical conditions commonly found in the United States. To the extent possible, the guide provides information on the wide array of potential users as it relates to the intersection form. This guide provides general information, planning techniques, evaluation procedures for assessing safety and operational performance, design guidelines, and principles to be considered for selecting and designing MUT intersections.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Medians
KW  - U turns
KW  - United States
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersection/alter_design/pdf/fhwasa14069_mut_infoguide.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371516
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579242
AU  - Schroeder, Bastian
AU  - Cunningham, Chris
AU  - Ray, Brian
AU  - Daleiden, Andy
AU  - Jenior, Pete
AU  - Knudsen, Julia
AU  - Kittelson & Associates
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Diverging Diamond Interchange: Informational Guide
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 226p
AB  - This document provides information and guidance on the Diverging Diamond Interchange (DDI). To the extent possible, the guide addresses a variety of conditions found in the United States, to achieve designs suitable for a wide array of potential users. This guide provides general information, planning techniques, evaluation procedures for assessing safety and operational performance, design guidelines, and principles to be considered for selecting and designing Diverging Diamond Interchanges.
KW  - Diamond interchanges
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - United States
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersection/alter_design/pdf/fhwasa14067_ddi_infoguide.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371518
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579218
AU  - Steyn, Hermanus
AU  - Bugg, Zachary
AU  - Ray, Brian
AU  - Daleiden, Andy
AU  - Jenior, Pete
AU  - Knudsen, Julia
AU  - Kittelson & Associates
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Displaced Left Turn Informational Guide
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 152p
AB  - This document provides information and guidance on the Displaced Left Turn (DLT) intersection. To the extent possible, the guide addresses a variety of conditions found in the United States, to achieve designs suitable for a wide array of potential users. This guide provides general information, planning techniques, evaluation procedures for assessing safety and operational performance, design guidelines, and principles to be considered for selecting and designing DLT intersections.
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Left turns
KW  - United States
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersection/alter_design/pdf/fhwasa14068_dlt_infoguide.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371517
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579204
AU  - Hummer, Joe
AU  - Ray, Brian
AU  - Daleiden, Andy
AU  - Jenior, Pete
AU  - Knudsen, Julia
AU  - Kittelson & Associates
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Restricted Crossing U-turn Informational Guide
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 186p
AB  - This document provides information and guidance on Restricted Crossing U-Turn (RCUT) intersections. To the extent possible, the guide addresses a variety of conditions found in the United States, to achieve designs suitable for a wide array of potential users. This guide provides general information, planning techniques, evaluation procedures for assessing safety and operational performance, design guidelines, and principles to be considered for selecting and designing RCUT intersections.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intersections
KW  - U turns
KW  - United States
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersection/alter_design/pdf/fhwasa14070_rcut_infoguide.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371515
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576129
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - McHattie, Robert
AU  - Zhang, Xiong
AU  - Zhang, Mingchu
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Experimental Study of Various Techniques to Protect Ice-Rich Cut Slopes
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 132p
AB  - Cut slopes are usually required to achieve roadway design grades in the ice-rich permafrost areas in Alaska. However, excavation and exposure of a cut slope destroy the existing thermal balance and result in degradation of ice-rich permafrost. Environmentally acceptable, legal, and economically viable solutions for ice-rich slope protection are still rare. Three potential thermal-erosion mitigation techniques were investigated. Four test sections (Section A: 1 ft wood chips, Section B: coconut blanket, Section C: coconut blanket + Tecco-mesh, and Section D: 1 ft crushed rock as a control section) were constructed at the Dalton Highway 9 Mile Hill during the period of April 17 through April 27, 2013. Temperature and moisture sensors were installed to monitor four test sections and evaluate the effectiveness of the different mitigation techniques. Also, a weather station was built to record climatic information at the test site by April 30, 2013. The filed monitoring period ended on November 11, 2014. No obvious erosion was observed in Sections A and B due to less ice content when compared with Sections C and D which failed one and a half months after construction. The performance of four techniques was discussed in detail.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Embankments
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Freeze thaw durability
KW  - Ice
KW  - Permafrost
KW  - Photogrammetry
KW  - Slope failure
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Experimental-Study-to-Protect-Ice-Rich-Slope-Final-Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1367522
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567484
AU  - Bonaquist, Ramon
AU  - Cuciniello, Giacomo
AU  - Hanz, Andrew
AU  - Bahia, Hussain
AU  - Advanced Asphalt Technologies, LLC
AU  - University of Wisconsin, Madison
AU  - Wisconsin Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Guidelines and Specifications for Use of WMA Technology in
Delivering HMA Products Inclusive of Non-Conventional Mixtures Such as
SMA’s, and Mixtures with High RAP and RAS Content
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 234p
AB  - The objective of this research project was to develop specifications for asphalt concrete that cover all types of mixtures included in Section 460 of the State of Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2011 Edition (Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT)  Specifications). The specifications that were developed are equally applicable to hot mix asphalt (HMA) and warm mix asphalt (WMA). The report describes the development of the specifications and a limited validation of the specifications using data from two field projects.
KW  - Asphalt concrete
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Stone matrix asphalt
KW  - Validation
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
KW  - Waste products
KW  - Wisconsin Department of Transportation
UR  - http://wisdotresearch.wi.gov/wp-content/uploads/WisDOT-WHRP-project-0092-12-02-final-report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1356959
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567338
AU  - Schoech, Philip E
AU  - Schoenherr, Terry L
AU  - Laurits R. Christensen Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Wisconsin Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Vehicle Registration Compliance in Wisconsin
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 61p
AB  - The Wisconsin Department of Transportation commissioned Christensen Associates to conduct a three phase project: a study of registration compliance for automobiles and light trucks, an investigation into reasons for noncompliance, and the development of a list of possible changes to the vehicle registration process that might improve compliance. The study was limited to passenger vehicles. The first phase was a field survey of vehicles in eight Wisconsin counties conducted between September 9, 2013 and December 18, 2013 which collected photographic images of license plates and then matched the images with records in the Wisconsin Department of Transportation database to determine the degree of compliance with vehicle registration requirements. To investigate the reasons for vehicle registration noncompliance among automobile and light truck owners in Wisconsin, a mail survey was conducted. The survey asked respondents for suggestions as to how the registration process could be improved, and based on these responses a list of possible changes to improve the vehicle registration process was developed
KW  - Automobiles
KW  - Compliance
KW  - License plates
KW  - Light trucks
KW  - Photographs
KW  - Registration
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Wisconsin
UR  - http://wisdotresearch.wi.gov/wp-content/uploads/WisDOT-Policy-Research-0092-13-14-final-report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1356961
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01563889
AU  - Ghosal, Vivek
AU  - Southworth, Frank
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Micro-Dynamics of Business Location and Growth and Its Effects on the Transportation Network and
Congestion in Georgia and the Southeast Region
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 92p
AB  - The project explored the linkages between industry dynamics and economic activity, and the macro-congestion aspects of freight transport. The Kia Motors manufacturing plant near West Point, Georgia was selected for case study. The principal study effort went into collecting data elements in sufficient detail to allow for in-depth empirical analysis. This included collecting economic activity and supply chain data associated with the growth in activities both within the plant and among the many parts suppliers that have moved into the area to serve it. Impact variables examined include those related to employment in a wide range of occupations, schooling, educational attainment, and population and migration patterns. A series of economic multipliers are reported, showing some significant differences between counties with component supplier activity and other counties in the region. The project also developed a detailed spatial mapping and explored the derivation of supply chain cost estimates associated with both domestic and international movements of auto industry inputs and outputs, involving individual and multimodal highway, rail, and waterway shipments.
KW  - Automobile industry
KW  - Automobile parts industry
KW  - Business growth
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Highway transportation
KW  - Industrial location
KW  - Railroad transportation
KW  - Suppliers
KW  - Supply chain management
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Water transportation
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-24.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1354337
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01563499
AU  - Sahin, Hakan
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Southwest Region University Transportation Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Nondestructive Test Methods for Rapid Assessment of Flexible Base Performance in Transportation Infrastructures
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 278p
AB  - Well-built roads with longer service life and lesser life cycle cost are the key to meeting the desired target of satisfying the public without compromising the quality of roads. Roads that are constructed and built with poor quality materials and inadequate design considerations frequently require costly maintenance and rehabilitation often resulting in detours and lane closures, which not just reduce the comfort of the public but also interrupt the efficient flow of transporting goods, and hence the associated businesses. Therefore, it is imperative that alternative quality control and quality assurance methods along with effective test methods and smart transportation planning must be considered and implemented to help communities increase the economic prosperity while retaining and ensuring a high quality of life to the people. The appropriate application of reliability to pavement design is essential to achieve the main objectives of designing quality pavements to serve the traveling public with comfort and safety while being durable in service at a minimum life cycle cost. The quality of the base layer of the pavement, which is located directly beneath the surface, is one of the most critical components in designing a pavement with increased service life and durability. The base layer is primarily composed of aggregates and contributes to the structural stability of the pavement system by providing load transfer and support. A base course with adequate thickness and built with high quality aggregates is essential to meet the necessary performance criteria and in doing so will cut down on reconstruction cycles and cost of maintenance. This research attempts to contribute in this regard by evaluating the significance of using the fundamental material properties to develop models which characterize the base layer in a pavement system. These new models will have significant contributions to soil mechanics and highway design procedures. This research and the developed models depend upon fundamental soil properties. This work capitalizes upon the fundamental properties to make extensive use of these models for quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA), in the pre-design procedure and construction phase. The most significant impact of the work is to replace and improve current methods, increase work efficiency, minimize time spent in the laboratory, find more convenient relationships, reduce costs, and improve sustainability. In addition, the quickly and accurately measured aggregate characteristics of base courses will be used to determine the in-place and as-compacted design properties for QC and QA.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
UR  - http://swutc.tamu.edu/publications/technicalreports/600451-00035-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1352897
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560895
AU  - Dye Management Group, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance-Based Contractor Prequalification as an Alternative to Performance Bonds
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 182p
AB  - State departments of transportation rely on private industry construction contractors to build, rehabilitate, and replace their infrastructure assets. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is interested in providing guidance that State transportation departments can use to select contractors that can complete projects cost-effectively. One potential method to help select qualified contractors is to use a performance-based contractor prequalification process. FHWA commissioned this study to evaluate the wisdom of expanding the use of this process. This report presents the results of this study, which examined relevant literature, evaluated the benefits and costs of performance bonds and performance-based contractor prequalification, and recommended a model performance-based prequalification approach. In the highway industry, one of the main methods to prequalify a contractor is determine whether or not a performance bond can be secured. The current performance bonding system does not differentiate between a high performing and marginally performing contractor, so long as the two companies have the same level of financial assets. This gives both companies the same opportunity to bid on a project, regardless of performance. In a low-bid environment, it creates a situation where a State transportation department subsidizes marginal performance, which, in turn, reduces the incentive for top performers to continue superior performance. This research project analyzes the benefits and costs of performance bonds and performance-based contractor prequalification and creates a performance-based contractor prequalification model. Through a detailed literature review; surveys of contractors, State transportation departments, and sureties; and State transportation department case studies, the research suggests that the default rate for the industry is less than 1 percent, the minimum contract value that requires a performance bond should be raised to between $1 million and $10 million, and the cost of performance-based prequalification is low compared to the cost of performance-bonds. Last, a three-tiered performance-based contractor prequalification model is presented.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Bonds
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Prequalifications
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/14034/14034.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1347694
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560685
AU  - Schwartz, Charles W
AU  - Khan, Junaid S
AU  - Pfeiffer, Grant H
AU  - Mustafa, Endri
AU  - University of Maryland, College Park
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Radio Frequency Identification Applications in Pavements
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 212p
AB  - Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is widely used for inventory control, tool and material tracking, and other similar applications where line-of-sight optical bar codes are inconvenient or impractical. Several applications of RFID technology to pavements are evaluated in this report: tracking of placement of truckloads of hot mix asphalt (HMA) within the pavement, tracking of placement of truckloads of Portland cement concrete (PCC) within the pavement, real-time measurement of pavement temperature versus depth and time during intelligent compaction, and early detection of reflection cracking in overlays. RFID tracking of HMA placement was the most successful application and the one with potential for immediate commercial implementation. RFID tracking of PCC placement was unsuccessful, at least with the RFID systems evaluated in this study; the high dielectric constant of the hydrated cement paste severely attenuates the RFID signals. Real-time measurement of pavement temperatures with depth and time during intelligent compaction shows promise but further work is required to develop reader software/hardware and RFID tags with more reliable and faster response rates. Laboratory and limited field evaluation of an RFID-based sensor for early detection of reflection cracks in HMA overlays also shows promise, but additional development work and field trials are required. Guidelines for integration of material property data from construction and pavement performance data during service via RFID-assisted geolocation are also provided. The necessary steps required to integrate RFID-tagged material property and pavement management data are outlined in generic terms. Implementation details will depend on the materials and pavement systems used by each individual agency.
KW  - Intelligent compaction
KW  - Materials management
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Paving
KW  - Radio frequency identification
KW  - Reflection cracking
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/14061/14061.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350626
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01556506
AU  - Shelman, Aaron
AU  - Sritharan, Sri
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - California Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Critical Review of Column Confinement Reinforcement Used in Current Seismic Bridge Design Practice
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 116p
AB  - This study focuses on critically evaluating confinement requirements suggested for plastic hinge regions of bridge columns suggested by California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). In addition to section analyses, a series of pushover and earthquake dynamic analyses were conducted on several bridge columns to formulate appropriate recommendations to improve the confinement requirements. It is shown that the plastic hinge length, ultimate compression strain and ductility demand should be revised to improve the seismic performance of bridge columns. In addition, the impact of unexpectedly high inelastic demands that some earthquake can impose on bridge columns should be adequately addressed.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - California
KW  - Columns
KW  - Compression
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Ductility
KW  - Dynamic tests
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Hinges
KW  - Reinforcement (Engineering)
UR  - http://www.dot.ca.gov/research/researchreports/reports/2014/final_report_task_2175.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344943
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01555807
AU  - Gong, Jie
AU  - Yu, Yi
AU  - Roda, Andrés M
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - 3D Laser Scanning for Quality Control and Assurance in Bridge Deck Construction
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 37p
AB  - The inspection of installations of rebar and other embedded components in bridge deck construction is a tedious task for field inspectors, requiring considerable field time for measurement and verification against code requirement. The verification of rebar and dowel locations after placement of concrete is another difficult but important task. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is often used to verify the locations of dowels and rebar after the construction of bridge deck is completed. Although GPR is an effective method for this purpose, the discovery of quality problems, if there is any, associated with rebar installations is often too late to secure timely and cost efficient repair. There is a need for proactive quality control and assurance methods that can assist field inspectors to quickly inspect and monitor code compliance of installations of rebar and other embedded components before and during the placement of concrete. In this project, the utility of 3D laser scanning for quality control of bridge deck construction is investigated. The authors demonstrated the common workflow for field scan collection and data analysis for verifying bridge deck construction quality. The authors focused on a set of parameters that need to be monitored during bridge deck construction. The research results suggested that with careful planning and well designed workflow, 3D laser scanning is an effective method for controlling the quality of bridge deck construction, and state departments of transportation (DOTs) should consider incorporating 3D scanning as a proactive quality control method.
KW  - 3-D laser scanning
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Location
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Reinforcing bars
KW  - Workflow
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-026-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342958
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01555766
AU  - Desta, Belayneh
AU  - Whiting, Nancy M
AU  - Snyder, Mark B
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Hydraulic Fracture Test to Determine Aggregate Freeze-Thaw Durability
SN  - 9781622603251
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 84p
AB  - The freeze-thaw durability of carbonate aggregates can vary greatly from durable to highly susceptible to freeze-thaw distress. Using nondurable aggregate in concrete pavement exposed to freeze-thaw cycles my lead to serious distress and greatly decrease the pavement's service life. The testing needed to identify freeze-thaw durable aggregates can take several months to complete. The main objective of this study was to develop a reliable, quick test method for determining the freeze-thaw resistance of carbonate quarried aggregates in Indiana using the Hydraulic Fracture Test (HFT) equipment. Aggregate samples collected from 18 quarried carbonate sources from across Indiana that represented a range of freeze-thaw performance were subjected to HFT using the existing Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) HFT equipment and the newly developed Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) HFT equipment. Aggregates from the same sources also were use to produce concrete beams that were subjected to the INDOT modified American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T161-B freeze-thaw test (ITM 210) which evaluates the dilation of concrete beams exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. The experimental data were analyzed statistically and linear regression models were developed to predict the average percent dilation and the durability factor of freeze-thaw test beams using parameters obtained from HFT results. Comparing the modeled and measured test results, the favored model predicts dilations based on the INDOT HFT results. These modeled dilations, when compared to measured dilations gave an adjusted R²  value of 0.85, indicating the model has a high degree of certainty. The modified INDOT HFT equipment, refined test procedures and data analysis developed during this study are recommended as screening tools for predicting AASHTO T161/ASTM C666 FT test results in 8‐days. Further testing is recommended to refine and validate the models before they are fully implemented as an acceptance standard.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Carbonates
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Dilation
KW  - Freeze thaw tests
KW  - Hydraulic fracturing
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Linear regression analysis
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3074&context=jtrp
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315515
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344313
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554216
AU  - Hulsey, J Leroy
AU  - Connor, Billy
AU  - Metzger, Andrew
AU  - Pitts, Donald J
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Life Cycle Costs for Alaska Bridges
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 53p
AB  - A study was implemented to assist the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF) with life cycle costs for the Alaska Highway Bridge Inventory. The study consisted of two parts. Part 1 involved working with regional offices of ADOT&PF to assemble bridge costs (initial, construction, maintenance and repair) for a sample of bridge types. Results were limited by available data and format; therefore, it is recommended that ADOT&PF develop an available online simple Bridge Management archiving system. Part 2 focused on identifying how a bridge scheduled for replacement deteriorated over time. Load tests were conducted to help assess the bridge response of an aged structure. Noticeable and measurable differences in strain at the end of the bridge life for the structure studied were found. A service life cycle costing approach has advantages over a traditional life cycle cost approach. For example, a bridge has essentially three lives; structural, functional and service. Structural life can be extended almost indefinitely with the right repairs. The service life approach does not assume a life. Rather it used to estimate a life that provides the lowest life cycle cost. A service life approach allows comparisons of alternatives for an infinite planning horizon.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Costs
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Service life
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/207083.Hulsey.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342394
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551449
AU  - Wemple, Elizabeth
AU  - Colling, Timothy
AU  - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated
AU  - Michigan Technological University, Houghton
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Safety Toolkit
PY  - 2014/08//Covered Technical Manual
SP  - 88p
AB  - Rural roadway safety is an important issue for communities throughout the country and presents a challenge for state, local, and Tribal agencies. The Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Safety Toolkit was created to help rural local and Tribal roadway safety practitioners address these challenges. The Safety Toolkit provides a step-by-step process to assist local agency and Tribal practitioners in completing traffic safety analyses, identify safety issues, countermeasures to address them, and an implementation process. Each step in the Toolkit contains a set of tools, examples, and links to resources appropriate to the needs of safety practitioners. The report presents a seven-step safety analysis process based on a similar process developed in the Highway Safety Manual. The seven steps are: compile data; conduct network screening; select sites for investigation; diagnose site conditions and identify countermeasures; prioritize countermeasures for implementation; implement countermeasures; and evaluate effectiveness of implemented countermeasures. Accompanying the Safety Toolkit are two User Guides (FHWA-SA-14-073 and FHWA-SA-14-074) which present step-by-step processes of example scenarios.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Rural highways
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/local_rural/training/fhwasa14072/isrltrst.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341294
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551406
AU  - Lawrence, Michael
AU  - Nguyen, Paul
AU  - Skolnick, Jonathan
AU  - Hunt, Jim
AU  - Alfelor, Roemer
AU  - Leidos
AU  - Jack Faucett Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Road Weather Management Benefit Cost Analysis Compendium
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 134p
AB  - The Road Weather Management (RWM) Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) Compendium provides information about benefit cost analyses conducted around the country for specific RWM technologies or operational strategies. The actual project evaluations involve the use of custom spreadsheets developed by the agency or its contractors, or the application of available software tools to the BCA. The Compendium also includes hypothetical cases designed to demonstrate how BCA can be used for a specific RWM technology or operational strategy. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has developed a sketch planning BCA tool —the Tool for Operations Benefit/Cost (TOPS-BC)—for application to Transportation Systems Management and Operations (TSMO) projects, including RWM projects. For the hypothetical cases, TOPS-BC is used to assist in the measurement of benefits and costs and in the calculation of the benefit cost ratio. Each case demonstrates how planners conducted, or could conduct, a BCA on one or more RWM technologies or strategies. There are 17 cases studies presented in the RWM Compendium, and each addresses one or more specific BCA issues or procedures.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Software
KW  - Spreadsheets
KW  - Weather conditions
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14033/fhwahop14033.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340565
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551274
AU  - Wemple, Elizabeth
AU  - Colling, Timothy
AU  - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated
AU  - Michigan Technological University, Houghton
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Network Safety Analysis – User Guide #2
PY  - 2014/08//Covered Technical Manual
SP  - 48p
AB  - Rural roadway safety is an important issue for communities throughout the country and presents a challenge for local and Tribal agencies. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) created a Toolkit and two User Guides to help rural local and Tribal roadway safety practitioners address these challenges. The Toolkit provides a step-by-step process to assist local agency and Tribal practitioners in completing traffic safety analyses. Each Toolkit step contains a set of tools, examples, and links to resources appropriate to the needs of safety practitioners. The User Guides  accompanying the Toolkit provide hypothetical yet typical local or Tribal agency safety analysis scenarios and step-by-step solutions to the scenarios using materials from the Toolkit. This report is Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads, Network Safety Analysis – User Guide #2. This report presents an example scenario and step-by-step solution for studying safety conditions and identifying potential treatments at unsignalized intersections on a network. This User Guide demonstrates how to conduct network screening, select sites for further investigation, conduct safety diagnosis, select countermeasures, and prioritize and implement improvements. The User Guide provides example applications of all seven steps in the Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Safety Toolkit (FHWA-SA-14-072): compile data; conduct network screening; select sites for investigation; diagnose site conditions and identify countermeasures; prioritize countermeasures for implementation; implement countermeasures; and evaluate effectiveness of implemented countermeasures.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Unsignalized intersections
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/local_rural/training/fhwasa14074/isrltr2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341295
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551273
AU  - Gordon, Steve
AU  - Trombly, Jeff
AU  - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Summary of the 2013 National Survey Results
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - This report presents summary results of the 2013 ITS Deployment Tracking survey, the most recent survey conducted by the ITS Deployment Tracking Project. The U.S. Department of Transportation and the ITS Joint Program Office have pursued a research and development agenda, the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Program, designed to integrate the latest in information technologies to improve the safety, mobility, and reliability of surface transportation modes. Within metropolitan areas, implementation of these advanced technologies has been carried out by a variety of state and local transportation agencies. In order to measure the rate of ITS deployment within the nation’s largest metropolitan areas, the ITS Deployment Tracking Project has conducted a nationwide survey of state and local transportation and emergency management agencies nearly every year since 1997. The results presented in this report are a summary of the database from the 2013 survey. Access to the complete survey results and results from previous national surveys is available on-line at http://www.itsdeployment.its.dot.gov. The website also provides access to survey results in the form of downloadable reports, including a survey summary for each survey type and fact sheets. Nearly 2100 surveys were distributed to state and local transportation agencies in 2013. A total of seven (7) survey types were distributed including: Freeway Management, Arterial Management, Transit Management, Transportation Management Center (TMC), Electronic Toll Collection (ETC), Public Safety – Law Enforcement, and Public Safety – Fire/Rescue.
KW  - Automated toll collection
KW  - Deployment
KW  - Freeway management systems
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - Safety
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic control centers
KW  - Transportation departments
KW  - Traveler information and communication systems
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54200/54268/2013-National-ITS-Summary-Rpt_FINAL-7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340032
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551247
AU  - Wemple, Elizabeth
AU  - Colling, Timothy
AU  - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated
AU  - Michigan Technological University, Houghton
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Site Safety Analysis – User Guide #1
PY  - 2014/08//Covered Technical Manual
SP  - 40p
AB  - This User Guide presents an example of how rural local and Tribal practitioners can study conditions at a preselected site. It demonstrates the step-by-step safety analysis process presented in Improving Safety on Rural Local and Tribal Roads – Safety Toolkit (Publication FHWA-SA-14-072). The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) created the Toolkit and two User Guides to assist local agency and Tribal practitioners in completing traffic safety analyses. Each Toolkit step contains a set of tools, examples, and links to resources appropriate to the needs of safety practitioners. The User Guides accompanying the Toolkit provide hypothetical yet typical local or Tribal agency safety analysis scenarios and step-by-step solutions to the scenarios using materials from the Toolkit. This report specifically addresses how to study crash conditions at a curve on a rural roadway. The User Guide provides example applications of five Toolkit steps: compile data; diagnose site conditions and identify countermeasures; prioritize countermeasures for implementation; implement countermeasures; and evaluate effectiveness of implemented countermeasures.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Rural highways
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/local_rural/training/fhwasa14073/isrltru1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341293
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01549018
AU  - Miskewitz, Robert
AU  - Barone, Daniel
AU  - Rutgers University, New Brunswick
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Landfill Closure with Dredged Materials - Desktop Analysis
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 24p
AB  - This report describes a Rutgers University project for the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) designed to analyze the potential for closure of New Jersey landfills using dredge material from existing Confined Disposal Facilities (CDF). The project included an update of the existing New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) landfill database, the development of a rating system to identify sites with the highest potential to utilize dredged material for their closure, and the identification and preliminary investigation of the top five candidate landfills based on this rating system. Due to information developed during the project it was determined that all but four of the landfills assessed for closure were considered unsuitable for closure. As a result only four landfills were selected and investigated further. The results of this project can be used by the NJDOT to facilitate the efficient closure of selected landfills, the beneficial reuse of the materials in CDFs, and the continued use of the state’s CDFs and dredging activities.
KW  - Dredged materials
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Landfills
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - Ratings
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Waste management
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Landfill-Closure.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1336274
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548649
AU  - Metzger, Andrew
AU  - Quan, Zhili
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Response of Pile-Guided Floats Subjected to Dynamic Loading: Volume II Annex
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 462p
AB  - Pile-Guided floats can be a desirable alternative to stationary berthing structures. Both floats and guide piles are subjected to dynamic forces such as wind generated waves and impacts from vessels. This project developed a rational basis for estimating the dynamic response of pile-guided floating structures. The Dynamic Analysis Method (DAM) was used to model the response of the system. MATLAB was used to compute the analytic and numerical values obtained from the dynamic models. ANSYS AQWA was used to validate the dynamic analysis models used in this study.
KW  - Berthing facilities
KW  - Dynamic loads
KW  - Floating structures
KW  - Piles (Supports)
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Pile-Guided-Floats-Volume-II.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333142
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548642
AU  - Paleti, Chaitanya
AU  - Peeta, Srinivas
AU  - Sinha, Kumares C
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Identifying Strategies to Improve Lane Use Management in Indiana
SN  - 9781622603107
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 33p
AB  - The limited funding available for roadway capacity expansion and the growing funding gap, in conjunction with the increasing congestion, creates a critical need for innovative lane use management options for Indiana. Various cost-effective lane use management strategies have been implemented in the U.S. and worldwide to address these challenges. However, all the strategies have their own costs, operational characteristics, and additional requirements for field deployment. Hence there is a need for systematic simulation-based methodology to perform a comprehensive study to identify congested corridors and the specific set of lane use management strategies that are effective in Indiana. A systematic simulation-based methodology is proposed for evaluating lane use management strategies. A 10-mile stretch of the I-65 corridor south of downtown Indianapolis was selected as the study corridor using traffic analysis. The demand volumes for the study area were determined using subarea analysis. Its performance was evaluated using a microsimulation-based analysis in the context of alleviating congestion for three strategies: reversible lanes, high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes and ramp metering. Furthermore, an economic evaluation of these strategies was performed to determine the financial feasibility of their implementation. Results from this analysis indicated that reversible lanes and the ramp metering strategies improved traffic conditions on the freeway in the major flow direction. Implementation of the HOV lane strategy resulted in improved traffic flow conditions on the HOV lanes but aggravated congestion on the general purpose (GP) lanes. The HOV lane strategy was found to be economically infeasible due to low HOV volume on these lanes. The reversible lane and ramp metering strategies were found to be economically feasible with positive net present values (NPV), with the NPV for the reversible lane strategy being the highest.
KW  - Contraflow lanes
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Freeway management systems
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lanes
KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Indianapolis (Indiana)
KW  - Ramp metering
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Traffic simulation
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315503
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334700
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01546167
AU  - Wies, Richard
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Review of Power Sources for Alaska DOT Road Weather Information Systems (RWIS): Phase I
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 108p
AB  - This report documents the findings related to a review of power sources for six off-grid Road Weather Information Systems (RWIS) in Alaska. Various power sources were reviewed as a means of reliably operating the off-grid RWIS sites throughout the year. Based on information collected on current power sources and equipment used at the off-grid RWIS sites, and visits to off-grid installations in Alaska, some viable methods of reliable operation were discovered. Power sources included in the study were solar photovoltaics (PV), small wind turbines, fuel cells, and thermoelectric generators, all charging a battery bank which powers the weather sensors, cameras, and communication equipment. The results showed that while solar PV provides enough standalone power to keep the sites operational from early spring to late fall with wind supplementing this somewhat during the transition seasons, a fossil fuel based source is necessary to maintain operation through the winter. These findings suggest that a combination of power sources is required for reliable RWIS operation throughout the year and is dependent on the location of the site.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Electric generators
KW  - Electric power generation and transmission
KW  - Fuel cells
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Seasons
KW  - Solar power generation
KW  - Wind power generation
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/T2-12-18_Final_Report_RWIS-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332726
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01546165
AU  - Sinh, Hung Nguyen
AU  - Riedman, Michelle
AU  - Letchford, Christopher
AU  - O'Rourke, Michael
AU  - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Full-Scale Investigation of Wind-Induced Vibrations of Mast-Arm Traffic Signal Structures
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 124p
AB  - Because of their inherent flexibility and low damping ratios, cantilevered mast-arm traffic signal structures are susceptible to wind-induced vibrations. These vibrations cause structural stresses and strains to develop in a cyclical fashion which can lead to reduced service life due to fatigue and, in extreme cases, full collapse. In 2001, after the collapse of several of these structures throughout the United States, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) code standards were updated to include fatigue provisions for traffic signal supporting structures. In New York State, there is particular concern regarding structures spanning longer than 14 meters which currently do not meet these updated fatigue provisions. To address this concern, a full-scale experiment was conducted using an existing 25 meter mast-arm traffic signal structure, located in Malta, NY, in which the response of the structure was observed in relation to in-situ wind conditions. In previous studies, high-amplitude vertical vibrations of mast-arm traffic signal structures have been shown to be due to vortex shedding, a phenomenon in which alternatingly shed, low-pressure vortices induce oscillating forces onto the mast-arm causing a cross-wind response. When the frequency of vortices being shed from the mast-arm  corresponds to the natural frequency of the structure, a resonant condition is created. The resonant condition causes the long-lasting, high-amplitude vibrations, which may lead to the fatigue failure of these structures. Turbulence in the approach flow is known to affect the cohesiveness of vortex shedding. Results from this full-scale experiment indicate that the surrounding terrain conditions, which affect the turbulence intensity of the wind, greatly influence the likelihood of occurrence of longlasting, high-amplitude vibrations and also impact whether reduced service life due to fatigue is likely to be a concern.
KW  - Failure
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Service life
KW  - Structural supports
KW  - Traffic signals
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Vibration
KW  - Vortex shedding
KW  - Wind
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Mast-Arm-Traffic-Signal%20%282%29.pdf
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-10-07%20Final%20Report_Aug-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331987
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544690
AU  - Phares, Brent M
AU  - Shane, Jennifer
AU  - Dahlberg, Justin
AU  - Dang, Hongtao
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Mid-America Transportation Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Methods for Removing Concrete Decks from Bridge Girders
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 73p
AB  - With ever tightening budgets and limitations of demolition equipment, states are looking for cost-effective, reliable, and sustainable methods for removing concrete decks from bridges. The goal of this research was to explore such methods. The research team conducted qualitative studies through a literature review, interviews, surveys, and workshops and performed small-scale trials and push-out tests (shear strength evaluations). Interviews with bridge owners and contractors indicated that concrete deck replacement was more economical than replacing an entire superstructure under the assumption that the salvaged superstructure has adequate remaining service life and capacity. Surveys and workshops provided insight into advantages and disadvantages of deck removal methods, information that was used to guide testing. Small-scale trials explored three promising deck removal methods: hydrodemolition, chemical splitting, and  peeling.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Demolition
KW  - Girders
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Service life
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/17908/1/IADOT_InTrans_MTC_TR-647_Methods_Phares_Removing_Concrete_Decks_Bridge_Girders_2014_final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329737
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544659
AU  - Jungwirth, Scott
AU  - Cao, Ling
AU  - Shi, Xianming
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Montana State University
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Locally Sourced Brine Additive
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - The objective of this project was to develop a series of anti-icers tailored to meet the varying requirements of highway anti-icing performance, cost-effectiveness, and minimized corrosion and environmental impact for typical road weather scenarios and user priorities in the three Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF) regions. Development and evaluation of potential deicing chemicals, additives, and mixtures made from local agricultural products or the by-products of local distilleries/breweries or other manufacturing processes for use on roadways and other transportation facilities were included as the project’s research. The use of sustainable resources offers a cost-effective alternative to high-cost proprietary products that enhance the performance characteristics of salt brine for anti-icing on Alaska roads. This research was accomplished through literature review, agency surveys, and laboratory investigation followed by field operational tests. Specifically, locally sourced salt brine additives suitable for anti-icing during winter maintenance in Alaska were developed and tested.  Several test methods, such as differential scanning calorimetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and SHRP H205.2 Test Method for Ice Melting of Liquid Deicing Chemicals, were used to determine the performance of various anti-icing formulations relative to traditional sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) liquids. The negative effect of anti-icing formulations on bare steel and concrete were investigated to identify the most infrastructure-friendly anti-icing formulation.
KW  - Additives
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Anti-icing
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Local materials
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Salts
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://www.dot.state.ak.us/stwddes/research/assets/pdf/4000-104.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329346
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01544651
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Collin, James G
AU  - Jalinoos, Frank
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Foundation Characterization Program (FCP): TechBrief #1—Workshop Report on the Reuse of Bridge Foundations
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 24p
AB  - This TechBrief presents the results of a workshop held at the 2014 Transportation Research Board (TRB) 93rd annual meeting on the reuse of bridge foundations. The workshop is the continuation of ongoing effort by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to identify research and development needs with respect to foundation characterization program (FCP). This program includes the development and/or evaluation of new and existing methodologies for characterizing existing bridge foundations for the determination of unknown geometry, material properties, integrity, and load-carrying capacity.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Reuse
KW  - Substructures
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/fcp/14072/14072.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329632
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544626
AU  - Nims, Douglas K
AU  - Hunt, Victor J
AU  - Helmicki, Arthur J
AU  - Ng, Tsun-Ming T
AU  - University of Toledo
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Ice Prevention or Removal on the Veteran's Glass City Skyway Cables
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 316p
AB  - The Veteran’s Glass City Skyway (VGCS) is a cable - stayed bridge in Toledo, Ohio owned by the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT). Five times in the seven winters the VGCS has been in service, ice has formed on the stay cables. Ice up to 3/4” thick and conforming to the cylindrical shape of the stay has formed. As the stays warm, ice sheds in curved sheets that fall and can be blown across the bridge. The falling ice sheets pose a potential hazard and may require lane or bridge closure. Because of the specialized knowledge required, this problem required a team including experts in icing, the VGCS  construction, the structural measurement system on the bridge, and green technology. The VGCS stay sheaths are made of stainless steel, have a brushed finish, lack the usual helical spiral and have a  large diameter. No existing ice anti/deicing technology was found to be practical. Therefore, ODOT elected to manage icing administratively. A real-time ice monitoring system for local weather conditions on the VGCS and the stays was designed. The system collects data from sensors on the bridge and in the region. The study of the past weather and icing events lead to quantitative guidelines about when icing accretion and shedding were likely. The monitoring system tracks the icing conditions on the bridge with a straightforward interface so information on the icing of the bridge is available to the bridge operators. If the conditions favorable to icing occur, the monitoring system notifies the research team and appropriate ODOT officials. If ice forms, the monitor tracks the conditions that might lead to ice fall.
KW  - Cable stayed bridges
KW  - Ice formations
KW  - Icing
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Toledo (Ohio)
KW  - Weather conditions
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/893916566/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331205
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544621
AU  - Li, Peng
AU  - Liu, Jenny
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Verification of Job Mix Formula for Alaskan HMA
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 102p
AB  - Some asphalt pavement does not last as long as it should. Every year, a significant amount of money is spent by the state on repairing and maintaining pavement, which raises the question: Are we getting the mix design we need? Since hot mix asphalt (HMA) is the main paving material in Alaska, it is critical to understand how the quality of this material is assured. Often, a properly lab-designed HMA is used in the field on a given project and performs in a substandard manner. Variability is inevitable during construction. Two projects were selected for the study. Pertinent data from Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF) and from contractors at lab/design and construction were obtained, including general information regarding the paving projects, details of the materials and  job mix formula (JMF) being used in the construction, quality control testing data from contractors, and acceptance testing results from the agency.
KW  - Acceptance tests
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Quality control
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/JMF-final-report_0710.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331607
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544601
AU  - Zha, Liteng
AU  - Songchitruksa, Praprut
AU  - Balke, Kevin N
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Southwest Region University Transportation Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Next Generation Safety Performance Monitoring at Signalized Intersections Using Connected Vehicle Technology
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 72p
AB  - Crash-based safety evaluation is often hampered by randomness, lack of timeliness, and rarity of crash  occurrences. This is particularly the case for technology-driven safety improvement projects that are  frequently updated or replaced by newer ones before it is possible to gather adequate crash data for a  reliable and defensible before-after evaluation. Surrogate safety data are commonly used as an alternative  to crash data; however, its current practice is still resource intensive and subject to human errors. The  advent of connected vehicle technology allows vehicles to communicate with each other and infrastructure  wirelessly. This platform also offers the opportunity for automated and continuous tracking of vehicle  trajectories and signal status at the facilities in real time. These types of data can potentially be extracted  and used to detect the deficiencies in the safety performance of the facility operation. This project examines the viability of long-term monitoring of connected vehicle data for safety performance evaluation. As limited saturation of onboard equipment (OBE) is expected in the near-term evolution, the study focuses on a connected vehicle application that can process data elements from OBEs via vehicle-to-infrastructure communications using standard message sets. To accomplish the objective, a signalized intersection test bed was created in VISSIM while the wireless communications capability and the application were implemented using Car-to-Everything Application Programming Interface. The  evaluation results indicated that the application can effectively detect changes in safety performance at full  market penetration. Sensitivity analysis showed that at least 40 percent penetration rate is desirable for  reliable safety deficiency detection under light to moderate traffic volume conditions. The observation  period can be extended to compensate for low sample size under low OBE market penetrations. The  required observation periods vary with the types of safety indicators being collected and the levels of OBE  saturation.
KW  - Driver information systems
KW  - Market share
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Safety
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Signalized intersections
KW  - Traffic simulation
KW  - Vehicle electronics
KW  - Vehicle to infrastructure communications
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://swutc.tamu.edu/publications/technicalreports/161303-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329813
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544517
AU  - Jungwirth, Scott
AU  - Cao, Ling
AU  - Shi, Xianming
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Locally Sourced Brine Additive for Anti-Icing
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 79p
AB  - The objective of this project was to develop a series of anti-icers tailored to meet the varying requirements of highway anti-icing performance, cost-effectiveness, and minimized corrosion and environmental impact for typical road weather scenarios and user priorities in the three Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (ADOT&PF) regions. Development and evaluation of potential deicing chemicals, additives, and mixtures made from local agricultural products or the by-products of local distilleries/breweries or other manufacturing processes for use on roadways and other transportation facilities were included as the project’s research. The use of sustainable resources offers a cost-effective alternative to high-cost proprietary products that enhance the performance characteristics of salt brine for anti-icing on Alaska roads. This research was accomplished through literature review, agency surveys, and laboratory investigation followed by field operational tests. Specifically, locally sourced salt brine additives suitable for anti-icing during winter maintenance in Alaska were developed and tested.  Several test methods, such as differential scanning calorimetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and SHRP H205.2 Test Method for Ice Melting of Liquid Deicing Chemicals, were used to determine the performance of various anti-icing formulations relative to traditional sodium chloride (NaCl) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) liquids. The negative effect of anti-icing formulations on bare steel and concrete were  investigated to identify the most infrastructure-friendly anti-icing formulation.
KW  - Additives
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Anti-icing
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Local materials
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Salts
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/AUTC51006FinalReport04252014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331608
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541858
AU  - Baesch, John
AU  - Batac, Tiffany
AU  - Bottomley, Glenn
AU  - Dorney, Chris
AU  - Erchul, Mary
AU  - Gupton, Everett
AU  - Keller, Jake
AU  - Kinghorn, Robert
AU  - Lennon, Justin
AU  - Louie, Benny
AU  - McVoy, Gary
AU  - Meyer, Michael
AU  - Ramsden, Jerry
AU  - Snyder, Robert
AU  - Sokol, Victor
AU  - Wang, Stefany
AU  - Choate, Anne
AU  - Rodehorst, Beth
AU  - Parsons Brinckerhoff
AU  - ICF International
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Transportation Systems and Infrastructure: The Gulf Coast Study, Phase 2, Task 3.2: Engineering Analysis and Assessment
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 346p
AB  - Acknowledging the importance of establishing systematic, transferable approaches for assessing and addressing vulnerability to climate- and weather-related risks, the U.S. Department of Transportation’s (USDOT's) Center for Climate Change and Environmental Forecasting commissioned a comprehensive, multiphase study of climate change impacts on transportation in the Central Gulf Coast region. This study is formally known as "Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Transportation Systems and Infrastructure: Gulf Coast Study" (hereafter, “the Gulf Coast Study”). Phase 1 (completed in 2008) examined the impacts of climate change on transportation infrastructure at a regional scale. Phase 2 (nearing completion) provides a more detailed assessment of the vulnerability of the most critical components of the transportation system in Mobile, Alabama to weather events and long-term changes in climate. This report, Phase 2, Task 3.2, discusses a series of engineering assessments on specific transportation facilities in Mobile that evaluated whether those facilities might be vulnerable to projected changes in climate, and what specific adaptation measures could be effective in mitigating those vulnerabilities. The purpose of the engineering assessments was twofold: (1) Develop and test a detailed climate impact assessment process (The Process) that both evaluates the climate vulnerabilities of specific transportation assets, and evaluates possible adaptation strategies that could be implemented. The methodologies developed for these assessments could be applied to similar facilities elsewhere. This report represents one of the few resources available to transportation practitioners that include engineering methodologies for evaluating climate change vulnerabilities and adaptation measures at the facility level. (2) Explain and document Mobile-specific findings for each facility-climate stressor pair, including any findings that may apply more generally to engineering design practices, operations and maintenance practices, or other lessons learned.
KW  - Adaptation planning (Climate change)
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Design practices
KW  - Gulf Coast
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Maintenance practices
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - Mobile (Alabama)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Transportation facilities
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/ongoing_and_current_research/gulf_coast_study/phase2_task3/task_3.2/task2phase3.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328423
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541503
AU  - Trejo, David
AU  - Barbosa, André R
AU  - Link, Tim
AU  - Oregon State University, Corvallis
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Seismic Performance of Circular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Constructed with Grade 80 Reinforcement
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 308p
AB  - This project assessed the use of ASTM A706 Grade 80 reinforcing bars in reinforced concrete columns.  Grade 80 is not currently allowed in reinforced concrete columns due to lack of information on the  material characteristics and column performance. Six half-scale, circular columns were tested: three  constructed with Grade 60 reinforcement and three constructed with Grade 80 reinforcement. Designs  followed standard design methodologies used by State Highway Agencies (including American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)). Results indicate that columns constructed with Grade 80 reinforcement performed similar to columns constructed with conventional ASTM A706 Grade 60 reinforcement. Computational modeling was performed using OpenSees for all six columns. Results indicate that the columns constructed with Grade 80 reinforcement achieved similar resistance and displacement and curvature ductility values when compared with the reference columns constructed with Grade 60 reinforcement. The columns  constructed with Grade 60 reinforcement showed larger hysteretic energy dissipation than the columns  constructed with Grade 80 reinforcement.
KW  - Columns
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Dislocation (Geology)
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - High strength steel
KW  - Reinforced concrete bridges
KW  - Reinforcing bars
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/14RS0500_610_SeismicReportFinal.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326515
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541500
AU  - Zhai, Yuan
AU  - Mohebbi, Amin
AU  - Kilgore, Roger
AU  - Xie, Zhaoding
AU  - Shen, Jerry
AU  - Genex Systems, LLC
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Fish Passage in Large Culverts with Low Flows
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 138p
AB  - A series of physical and numerical modeling runs were completed to support the development of a design procedure for characterizing the variation in velocity within non-embedded and embedded culverts. Physical modeling of symmetrical half-section circular culverts was conducted to provide data against which computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling could be validated. The initial CFD modeling featured two-phase numerical computations that successfully reproduced the physical modeling results. To further simplify, single-phase modeling and truncated single-phase modeling were evaluated with good results. For the embedded culvert runs, a successful strategy for representing natural bed material within the culvert was developed. Once the CFD modeling was validated by the physical modeling, the CFD modeling was used to analyze the full culvert cross-sections. Test matrices included CFD runs scaled up to larger culvert sizes. One series of runs maintained Froude number based scaling and one series tested larger sizes without the scaling constraint. The CFD runs and a velocity distribution model formed the basis of a proposed design methodology for determining the velocity distribution within a culvert cross-section. Using the 42 CFD runs for a 3-ft diameter culvert, the 5 parameters necessary for the velocity model were estimated. Then, based on geometric and hydraulic parameters available to a  designer, relations were developed to estimate those parameters. The approach was successfully validated on CFD runs for 6-ft and 8-ft diameter culvert models. The proposed design procedure allows a designer to estimate the velocity throughout a cross-section. These data may be depth-averaged to provide a distribution of velocity and depth across the culvert cross-section that may be used to evaluate fish passage. Although developed for circular culverts, the parameters used in the method are such that the procedure should be applicable to rectangular and other shapes. Two design examples and an application guide are provided to illustrate the method and the required computations.
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Design
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Fluid dynamics
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Scale models
KW  - Velocity
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14064/14064.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1325016
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541494
AU  - Grant, Michael
AU  - McKeeman, Alanna
AU  - Bowen, Beverly
AU  - Bond, Alexander
AU  - Bauer, Jocelyn
AU  - LaSut, Linda
AU  - Barnes, Brent
AU  - D'Ignazio, Janet
AU  - ICF International
AU  - Leidos
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Model Long Range Transportation Plans: A Guide for Incorporating Performance-Based Planning
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 188p
AB  - This Guidebook informs State departments of transportation (DOTs), metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), and regional transportation planning organizations (RTPOs), as well as their planning partners such as transit agencies, local governments, and Federal agencies, about effective practices for incorporating performance-based planning into the development of a long range transportation plan. A performance-based plan sets the foundation of goals, objectives, performance measures, and targets that support decisions for long-range investments and policies, and guides programming, as well as shorter-range decisions that move toward achievement of desired system performance outcomes. This document identifies key components present in a “model” transportation plan, as well as process  elements that are necessary to reflect the priorities of the community and support attainment of desired performance outcomes for the multimodal transportation system. Examples and case studies illustrate the Guide’s key points.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Regional planning
KW  - Regional transportation
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/performance_based_planning/mlrtp_guidebook/fhwahep14046.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324910
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541409
AU  - Romanoschi, Stefan
AU  - Lewis, Paul
AU  - Gedafa, Daba
AU  - Hossain, Mustaque
AU  - Kansas State University Transportation Center
AU  - Kansas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Verification of Mechanistic-Empirical Design Models for Flexible Pavements through Accelerated Pavement Testing
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 194p
AB  - The Midwest States Accelerated Pavement Testing Pooled Fund Program, financed by the highway  departments of Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri, has supported an accelerated pavement testing (APT) project to validate several models incorporated in the National Cooperative Highway Research  Program (NCHRP) 1-37A design method, popularly known as Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) for flexible pavements. The following models were investigated: the dynamic modulus estimation model, the relationship between the dynamic modulus and the pavement response; and the relationship between the pavement response (strains) and pavement performance. In addition to these, the experiment aims to compare the performance of the coarse and fine Superpave mixes, and to validate and calibrate the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) and Hamburg Wheel-Tracking Device Tester as screening tools for estimating rutting performance of Superpave asphalt mixes. The experiments were conducted at the Civil Infrastructure Systems Laboratory at Kansas State University. The test program consisted of constructing 12 flexible pavement structures and subjecting them to full-scale accelerated loading tests. The experiment found that the revised Witczak model predicts the dynamic modulus of asphalt concrete mixes with reasonable accuracy. The MEPDG structural response model under-predicted the longitudinal strains at the bottom of the asphalt concrete layers, while the MEPDG over-predicted the permanent deformation in the asphalt layer. The comparison between the results of the laboratory rutting tests performed at 35°C indicate that results of the Hamburg Wheel Rut Test correlate best with results of the APT experiment, followed by those from the APA.
KW  - Accelerated tests
KW  - Asphalt Pavement Analyzer
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Superpave
UR  - http://idmweb.ksdot.org/PublicLib/publicDoc.asp?ID=003835383
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326952
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01538886
JO  - Research Results
PB  - Federal Railroad Administration
AU  - Federal Railroad Administration
TI  - Full-Scale Shell Impact Test of a DOT-112 Tank Car
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 4p
AB  - On February 26, 2014, federal railroad administration (FRA) conducted a full-scale side impact test of a department of transportation (DOT)112J340W  specification tank car (DOT112) at the  Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI)  in Pueblo, CO. The shell of the car was struck  at its mid-length by a 297,000 pound ram car  equipped with a 12-inch by 12-inch impactor.  The intent of this test was to demonstrate that  the car could successfully resist a moderately  high-energy impact without puncturing the tank  shell. Figure 1 shows the tank car in its pre-test  position against the impact wall at TTCI The objectives of this test were to compare the  structural performance of the DOT112 car to that of a general purpose (DOT111) tank car and provide data to validate existing models. In  December of 2013, FRA had conducted a  companion test on a DOT111 specification tank  car under similar impact conditions. The full-scale test on the DOT112 car examines the  potential improvement in shell puncture  resistance offered by a tank car with an  increased shell thickness.  The tank car tank was filled to approximately 96 percent of its shell-full capacity with water.  While the DOT112 tank car is capable of  pressurization, this test was conducted without  pressurizing the car. Based on pre-test finite element analysis (FEA), the target test speed  was 15 mph. The actual impact occurred at  14.7 mph. This speed corresponds to an impact  energy of approximately 2.1 million foot-pounds  of energy. The tank experienced a maximum  indentation of approximately 52 inches and a  peak force of approximately 1.1 million pounds.  The tank did not puncture, causing the impact  vehicle to rebound.
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Hazardous materials
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Prototype tests
KW  - Puncture resistance
KW  - Railroad safety
KW  - Tank cars
UR  - http://www.fra.dot.gov/Elib/Document/14006
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322132
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538574
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Guidelines for Design and Rating of Gusset-Plate Connections for Steel Truss Bridges
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 12p
AB  - Presented is a technical summary of "Guidelines for the Load and Resistance Factor Design and Rating of Riveted, Bolted, and Welded Gusset-Plate Connections for Steel Bridges," a report created as part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project. The research conducted for the report included both experimental testing and analytical modeling, with the experimental program testing 12 full-scale guest plate connections.  Findings related to shear, buckling, chord splice, block shear, tension, edge stiffening, corrosion, and multilayered gusset plates are reported. Design and evaluation specifications are outlined and a summary of resistance factors is presented.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Design methods
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Gusset plates
KW  - Resistance (Mechanics)
KW  - Structural connection
KW  - Truss bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14063/14063.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323108
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538539
AU  - Park, Sunwoo
AU  - Bosch, Harold R
AU  - Genex Systems, LLC
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Mitigation of Wind-Induced Vibration of Stay Cables: Numerical Simulations and Evaluations
PY  - 2014/08//Laboratory Report
SP  - 118p
AB  - Cable-stayed bridges have been recognized as the most efficient and cost effective structural form for medium-to-long-span bridges over the past several decades. With their widespread use, cases of serviceability problems associated with large amplitude vibration of stay cables have been reported. Stay cables are laterally flexible structural members with very low inherent damping and thus are highly susceptible to environmental conditions such as wind and rain/wind combination. Recognition of these problems has led to the incorporation of different types of mitigation measures on many cable-stayed bridges around the world. These measures include surface modifications, cable crossties, and external dampers. Modifications to cable surfaces have been widely accepted as a means to mitigate rain/wind vibrations. Recent studies have firmly established the formation of a water rivulet along the upper side of the stay and its interaction with wind flow as the main cause of rain/wind vibrations. Appropriate modifications to exterior cable surfaces effectively disrupt the formation of a water rivulet. The objective of this study is to The objective of this study is to supplement the existing knowledge base on some of the outstanding issues of stay cable vibrations and to develop technical recommendations that may be incorporated into design guidelines. Specifically, this project focuses on the effectiveness of cable crossties, external dampers, and the combined use of crossties and dampers. Finite element simulations are carried out on the stay cable systems of constructed stay cable bridges under realistic wind forces in order to address these issues. Explicit time-history analysis enabled the performance of stay cable systems with different mitigation strategies to be assessed and compared for their relative advantages and disadvantages.
KW  - Bridge cables
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Cable stayed bridges
KW  - Dampers
KW  - Hazard mitigation
KW  - Long span bridges
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Vibration
KW  - Wind resistant design
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14049/14049.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323107
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538324
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of Texas Asphalt Concrete Overlay Design System
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 102p
AB  - An asphalt overlay design system was developed for Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) under Research Project 0-5123. The new overlay design system, named the Texas Asphalt Concrete Overlay Design System (TxACOL), can help pavement engineers optimize asphalt overlay design in terms of overlay mix type and thickness, based upon existing pavement structure and conditions (existing distress types and/or load transfer efficiency at joints/cracks), local weather conditions, and anticipated traffic level. Several districts in Texas expressed interest in implementing this new overlay design system for designing asphalt overlays. To facilitate the implementation in districts, Project 5-5123-03 was initiated. The work performed under this study included (a) developing and conducting district-oriented overlay design workshops, (b) providing asphalt overlay design assistance and monitoring the new constructed overlays, (c) performing laboratory testing and updating the material default values of overlay mixes, (d) surveying the field performance (rutting and cracking) of asphalt overlay projects, and (e) enhancing and calibrating the TxACOL. This report documents the work and findings from this study. Case analyses showed that the enhanced TxACOL can make reasonable predictions compared to survey results. The researchers recommend that TxACOL be used as a tool for asphalt overlay design in TxDOT districts. Apparently, calibration factors still need to be further verified through more field test sections.
KW  - Asphalt concrete
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/5-5123-03-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324135
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01538297
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - King, Daniel
AU  - Roesler, Jeffery
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Structural Performance of Ultra-Thin Whitetopping on Illinois Roadways and Parking Lots
PY  - 2014/08
IS  - 14-020
SP  - 136p
AB  - A performance evaluation of ultra-thin whitetopping (UTW) pavements in Illinois was undertaken in 2012–2014 to evaluate current design procedures and to determine design life criteria for future projects. The two main components of this evaluation were (1) visual distress surveys of 20 existing UTW projects across the state to document and quantify distresses and (2) falling weight deflectometer (FWD) testing of eight of these UTW projects to evaluate structural performance. The findings of the surveys are detailed in this report. Deflection data collected during FWD testing were used to directly calculate load transfer efficiency and assess joint performance, but there was no existing method to assess the in situ structural properties of UTW pavements. To better characterize structural performance, a backcalculation procedure for UTW pavements was derived and applied to the deflection data obtained from FWD testing. The backcalculated effective concrete thickness quantifies the load carrying capacity of the UTW pavement, variation of the structural capacity as a function of distance along the roadway, and potentially the condition of the concrete–asphalt bond interface and the underlying asphalt concrete layer. The findings of the visual distress surveys and the FWD data analysis largely agreed with each other and were studied to help provide a greater understanding of factors that affect UTW performance. From this analysis, a number of conclusions and recommendations were made regarding UTW pavement design and construction.
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Deflection
KW  - Falling weight deflectometers
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Parking lots
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement joints
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Structural tests
KW  - Whitetopping
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3161
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322076
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538294
AU  - Serigos, Pedro
AU  - Burton, Maria
AU  - Smit, Andre
AU  - Prozzi, Jorge
AU  - Kim, Moo Yeon
AU  - Murphy, Mike
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Recommendations for Selection of Automated Distress Measuring Equipment
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 9p
AB  - Phase 2 of Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Research Project 0-6663: Evaluation of Pavement Rutting and Distress Measurements had the objective of evaluating the accuracy and precision of the new automated system developed by a TxDOT research group (composed of staff from the Construction Division’s Materials and Pavement Section) for the high-speed measurement of pavement surface distresses, texture, and cross slope. In addition, equipment vendors participated in the study by providing equipment that represents the state of the practice—the automated distress collection vehicle. As part of this evaluation, the TxDOT system was compared to that of three automated system vendors in order to identify the best equipment for each pavement management data type. The high-speed measurements reported by each of the four automated systems that participated in the Phase 2 experiment were compared to manual measurements taken statically by experienced raters. The Phase 2 experiment comprised twenty 550-ft-long pavement test sections, including both flexible and rigid pavements, which were selected to represent the main pavement characteristics encountered on the Texas highway network. Phase 2 analyses also included a qualitative comparison between the crack maps produced by the different automated systems at highway speeds and digital crack maps collected statically by manual measurement of the cracks.
KW  - Measuring instruments
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Surface course (Pavements)
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6663-P2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322298
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538267
AU  - Bowers, Justin D
AU  - Magers, Samuel R
AU  - Pyrz, Jennifer
AU  - Bullock, Darcy M
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Processes of Small Culvert Inspection and Asset Management
SN  - 9781622603015
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 23p
AB  - Proper drainage is essential for pavement to maximize life expectancy and minimize maintenance. Culverts are a critical asset to facilitate drainage. As with many assets, culverts deteriorate with age and require regular inspection. It is important to have a formalized process of inventory and inspection that is efficient and can effectively support culvert asset management. The current culvert inspection and asset management processes for the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) have been modeled over the years on the bridge inspection process and were recently evaluated. A study was undertaken to further evaluate the current culvert asset management practices. Approximately 700 small culverts and catch basins were visited and evaluated using both the traditional culvert inspection practices and a revised asset management evaluation scale. The paper summarizes the findings of this evaluation and concludes by making recommendations for process improvements. These recommendations include the addition of photos to the culvert database, a revised rating scale, advanced planning of inspection schedules, a formalized process for culvert reassessments, the creation of a separate catch basin inlet inventory, various improvements to the inventory process, and a dedicated staff to complete inspections efficiently. It is also noted that building a reliable database will show historical trends and can eventually lead to a study of small culvert inspections and culvert longevity, which will lead to improved asset management.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Catch basins
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Recommendations
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315502
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322782
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538263
AU  - Wei, Heng
AU  - Liu, Hao
AU  - Lu, Mingming
AU  - Coifman, Benjamin A
AU  - University of Cincinnati
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Traffic Data for Integrated Project-Level PM2.5 Conformity Analysis
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 88p
AB  - As required by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) model is the mandatory emission tool for new Particulate Matter (PM) hot-spot analyses for project-level conformity determinations that began after December 20, 2012. Localized traffic data inputs to the model are crucial in maximizing its capability to accurately reflect the PM2.5 emissions associated with transportation programs and projects. However, accurately acquiring local traffic operating related data for project-level MOVES analysis is always a challenge to realistic practices. To address the issue, the three existing traffic data sources in Ohio that can be used as inputs for the MOVES model have been identified and analyzed through the project. The first one is referred to as the automatic traffic recorder (ATR) data source, which contains hourly or 15-minute traffic volume and vehicle composition. The second one, per vehicle record (PVR) data source, provides individual vehicle’s timestamp, class and speed information. The third one is the micro-simulation data source, which includes individual vehicle’s class, speed profile and acceleration profile. The applicability of the available data sources has been evaluated by using the sample data collected on the I-275 freeway in Cincinnati, Ohio. Specifically, the roadside PM2.5 concentration is estimated based on the sample traffic data and the modeled concentration is compared to the observed data. The compared results indicate that the PVR data source is preferred for the project-level PM2.5 analysis. It requires less effort to collect and provides the most accurate results when compared to other data sources. The normalized mean-square-error of the modeled concentration can be reduced by 30.5% if the PVR data are used with the operating mode distribution data prepared based on the simulation data source. Finally, an easy-to-use computer tool in the ArcGIS environment, termed as Traffic Air Environmental Health Impact Analysis (TAEHIA) supporting system, has been developed to facilitate the application of the identified data sources into the PM2.5 conformity analysis conforming to the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and EPA guidelines. The TAEHIA system is designed to: 1) incorporate the traffic data sources available in Ohio; 2) implement the PM2.5 conformity analysis steps as recommended by the EPA hot-spot conformity analysis guideline; and 3) simplify users’ tasks in the conformity analysis. The application of the TAEHIA system has been demonstrated in two case studies. As shown by the case studies, it is a user-friendly, straightforward way to analyze the transportation conformity within the TAEHIA environment.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Conformity
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Microsimulation
KW  - Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES)
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Traffic Air Environmental Health Impact Analysis (TAEHIA)
KW  - Traffic data
UR  - http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Planning/SPR/Research/reportsandplans/Reports/2014/Environmental/134662_FR.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322648
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538241
AU  - Kim, David S
AU  - Porter, J David
AU  - Park, SeJoon
AU  - Saeedi, Amirali
AU  - Mohseni, Alireza
AU  - Bathaee, Nadia
AU  - Nelson, Matthew
AU  - Oregon State University, Corvallis
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bluetooth Data Collection System for Planning and Arterial Management
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 105p
AB  - This report presents the results of a research and development project of an implementable portable  wireless traffic data collection system. Utilizing Bluetooth wireless technology as a platform, portable  battery powered data collection units housed in traffic barrels were developed. The use of these units  is for short term data collection (normally up to one week) and can be deployed for travel time data  collection, origin-destination study data collection, and intersection performance data collection. After  design and development of the units, they were deployed in real applications of travel time data  collection, origin-destination study data collection, and intersection performance data collection. The  different applications are described in the report. A web-based application for processing the collected  data was also developed. The report includes a user’s guide for the data collection units as well as a  user’s guide for the web-based application.
KW  - Bluetooth technology
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Origin and destination
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Web applications
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR_757_Final_Bluetooth.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322657
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538234
AU  - Amdal, James R
AU  - Howlett, Marc
AU  - University of New Orleans
AU  - Southwest Region University Transportation Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Use of Containers to Carry Bulk and Break Bulk Commodities and Its Impact on Gulf Region Ports and International Trade
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - The University of New Orleans Transportation Institute was tasked by the Louisiana Transportation  Research Center (LTRC) in mid-2012 to assess the use of containers to transport bulk and break bulk  commodities and to determine what their impact would be on ports within Louisiana and along the Gulf  Coast once the Panama Canal Expansion (PCE) is complete in 2015. LTRC’s principal interest was on  the impact of the growing container trade in the emerging maritime and international trade world as a  result of the PCE and the resultant all-water routes to/from Asia via Gulf Coast and U.S. East Coast  ports. They were primarily interested in the impacts of shipping services calling on Gulf ports, specific  import and export commodities shipped by container, and the identification of specific commodities  shipped by container which can grow and under what circumstances.
KW  - Bulk cargo
KW  - Container terminals
KW  - Container traffic
KW  - Exports
KW  - Gulf Coast
KW  - Imports
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Panama Canal
KW  - Ports
UR  - http://swutc.tamu.edu/publications/technicalreports/600451-00105-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324129
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01538227
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Lippert, David L
AU  - Ozer, Hasan
AU  - Al-Qadi, Imad L
AU  - El-Khatib, Ahmad K
AU  - Yang, Rebekah
AU  - Khan, Tamin U
AU  - Dahhan, Abdul Z
AU  - Vespa, Joseph W
AU  - Trepanier, James S
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Illinois Highway Materials Sustainability Efforts of 2013
PY  - 2014/08
IS  - 14-016
SP  - 108p
AB  - This report presents the sustainability efforts of the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) in  recycling and reclaiming materials for use in highway construction. This report meets the requirements of  Illinois Public Act 097-0314 by documenting IDOT’s efforts to reduce the carbon footprint and achieve  cost savings through the use of recycled materials in asphalt paving projects. This report also covers the  development, construction, and initial performance after one winter of demonstration projects that used total recycle asphalt (TRA). TRA may consist of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), recycled concrete  material (RCM), steel slag, reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS), and less than 3% new soft liquid asphalt. No newly mined aggregate is used in the mix. The results of Hamburg wheel tracking and Semi-circular  bending (SCB) for fracture energy are presented for durability aspects of both rutting and pavement  cracking on three demonstration projects that used TRA mix. Crack surveys were performed to establish  early performance history of the TRA mixes. Included in this report is an environmental evaluation of 16  mixes including the TRA mixes used on the three demonstration projects.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Durability
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Slag
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3159
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322075
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538203
AU  - Sharma, Anuj
AU  - Gwayali, Sunil
AU  - Rilett, Laurence
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Investigating Operation at Geometrically Unconventional Intersections
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 406p
AB  - This report documents the development of decision assistance curves (DAC) for unconventional intersections, particularly median U-turns (MUT), continuous flow intersections (CFI), and jughandles. The operational measure of effectiveness such as delay, fuel consumption, and emissions were computed. An economic analysis was performed to compute the net present value (NPV) of benefits of operation and benefit to cost ratio (B/C) by estimating user’s cost, non-user’s cost, construction cost, and operation and maintenance cost for the life cycle period. The DAC classified the region of optimal  performance of rural unconventional intersections comprising of four-lane major streets and two-lane minor streets. DAC indicated that MUT is applicable for almost all levels of volume combinations of major and minor street approach volumes under the presence of low left turning traffic. For medium to high left turning traffic, jughandle and CFI performed optimally on high major street approach volumes. Furthermore, it was also observed that for a case with medium to high left turning volumes, the use of CFI would be optimal for high major street approach volumes and high minor street approach volumes at an unbalanced condition. The use of a jughandle would be optimal for high major street approach  volumes and its performance got better with increasing minor street approach volume at a balanced condition. However, the jughandle performed better at high major street approach volume and low minor street approach volume at an unbalanced condition. The study developed a spreadsheet tool called SILCC to estimate the operational measure of effectiveness, as well as to perform a life cycle cost analysis. A sample case study performed on a 24-hour rural pattern volume indicated high NPV of operational benefits and high B/C related to MUT compared to all other intersections for new construction. Though the MUT-retrofit had the highest NPV, since the construction cost of MUT-retrofit is high, a jughandle-retrofit was found to have the highest B/C.
KW  - Beneficiation
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - U turns
UR  - http://www.transportation.nebraska.gov/mat-n-tests/research/Traffic/FinalReportM328.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52600/52613/FinalReportM328.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322519
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538162
AU  - Serigos, Pedro A
AU  - Burton, Maria
AU  - Smit, Andre
AU  - Prozzi, Jorge A
AU  - Murphy, Mike R
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Field Evaluation of Automated Distress Measuring Equipment
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 406p
AB  - Project 0-6663 Phase 2 involved evaluation of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) automated visual distress 3D laser system van and three automated systems developed by automated visual distress data collection vendors. The research team selected 20 test sections in the Austin and Waco Districts comprising asphalt concrete pavement, surface treatments, portland cement concrete, and continuously reinforced concrete pavements. Each of the 550-ft-long test sections were subsectioned at 50-ft intervals and were evaluated manually by an experienced Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) manual distress rating team and a TxDOT Pavement Management Information  System (PMIS) manual distress rating team. In each case the manual raters followed the LTPP or PMIS Rating Manual protocols to identify and measure distress on each test section. In addition, cross slope was measured with the FACE® Dipstick; texture was measured with the circular track meter; and digital crack map images were obtained by manually marking each crack using different colors related to three width categories and then photographing selected 50-ft subsections using a high-end digital camera. These manual measurements provided a baseline for comparison with the TxDOT and vendor automated system data output. The four participants collected automated distress, cross slope, texture, and crack map images during late July and August, finishing on August 30, 2013. Based on previous discussions with TxDOT and the vendors during a webinar held on January 30, 2013, data was reported by TxDOT and the vendors for three time intervals: 1) immediately after data collection with no manual post processing; 2) within 2 business days with minimal post processing; and 3) within 4 weeks with full, manual post processing. The last set of completed data was received in early October, 2013. These data sets were used by the research team to conduct both analytical and visual comparative analysis of  output from the four automated systems presented in this report.
KW  -  Long-Term Pavement Performance Program
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Measuring instruments
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement Management Information System
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Test sections
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6663-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322641
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538140
AU  - Yousuf, Mohammed
AU  - Morton, Tom
AU  - Woodward Communications
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Use of Vehicle Noise for Roadways, Bridge, and Infrastructure Health Monitoring: Workshop Summary Report
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 50p
AB  - On August 20–21, 2013, at the Turner–Fairbank Highway Research Center in McLean, Virginia, the Federal  Highway Administration’s Exploratory Advanced Research Program convened a 2-day workshop entitled, “Use of Vehicle Noise for Roadways, Bridge, and Infrastructure Health Monitoring.” The objectives of the  workshop were to discuss the possibilities of using vehicle noise for roadways, bridge, and infrastructure health monitoring and to use a noise-based data collection system that could assess infrastructure for proactive and efficient infrastructure maintenance and operations, higher infrastructure safety, and less traffic congestion. Presentation topics included: Asset Management, Vehicle Noise and Vibration, Acoustic-Based Sensing and Imaging, Connected Vehicles, and Decision Support System for Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Technologies.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Traffic noise
KW  - Vibration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14059/14059.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321478
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538117
AU  - Hall, Kevin
AU  - Kockelman, Kara
AU  - Mullins, Andy
AU  - Chen, T Donna
AU  - Fagnant, Dan
AU  - Boyles, Stephen
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Tolled-Route Demand Estimation Capabilities for Texas: Opportunities for Enhancement of Existing Models
PY  - 2014/08//Technical Report
SP  - 208p
AB  - The travel demand models developed and applied by the Transportation Planning and Programming Division (TPP) of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) are daily three-step models (i.e., trip generation, trip distribution, and traffic assignment sequentially invoked). Currently, TxDOT TPP does not have a procedure to account for existing or planned toll roads in the urban travel demand models. TxDOT TPP has been operating under guidance established when toll roads existed as planned facility improvements in either the interim or forecast year model applications. Although the larger urban areas in Texas have embraced tolled facilities for quite some time (i.e., Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, and Austin), roads that charge users a fee to bypass congestion or provide alternative routes have only been implemented recently in a select few small to medium-sized urban areas still under the purview of TxDOT TPP model development. In order to calibrate base year travel models with operational toll roads or models with planned tolled facilities, TxDOT TPP needs a procedure to account for facilities that charge fees to the user. For the tolled facilities currently operational in small to medium-sized study areas, the fees are fixed and are not dynamic by time of day or congestion levels. The technical objective of this research report is to provide TxDOT TPP with a menu of potential procedures that could be selected for implementation in the current Texas Package suite of travel demand models to reasonably estimate toll road demand, primarily for the small to medium-sized urban areas. Nationally, generally two approaches  are used: a path-based system and a choice-based system. Researchers reviewed both approaches as well as different supplemental techniques (i.e., time of day, market segmentation, and mode choice) implemented nationally and within the state that are complementary to any toll demand estimation techniques. Challenges and considerations for each of the approaches are reviewed and presented. The procedures and applications reviewed in this project are not intended to replace or compete with existing toll-financing-level analysis.
KW  - Estimating
KW  - Texas
KW  - Toll roads
KW  - Tolls
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - User charges
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6754-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324134
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536636
AU  - Roberts, Craig A
AU  - Smaglik, Edward J
AU  - Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Reduction of Speed in Work Zones Using ITS DMS Instant Feedback to Drivers: Vehicle Speed Versus Traffic Fine
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 76p
AB  - Accidents in work zones produced 17 fatalities in Arizona and 840 fatalities and over 40,000 injuries nationally in 2009. Motorists nationwide can expect to drive through one active work zone for every 100 miles driven on the National Highway System, and the number of work zones should increase as roadways age. Research has shown that speeds exceeding those posted at work zones are the primary cause of work‐zone crashes and account for potentially up to 25 percent of the fatalities. A literature review revealed five types of technology‐driven, work‐zone speed‐control devices performed comparably to police presence and can supplement the Temporary Traffic Control Plans for work zones in the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) that the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) uses along with its supplemental policies. Changeable message signs with radar (CMSR) affected speed reductions across various studies, including a South Carolina study in which a monetary fine message alternated with the speed message. This study examined results of using a similar CMSR alternating a speed message with a monetary fine message on State Route 89 in Prescott, Arizona. This sign produced smaller mean speed reductions, but reduced by half the number of speeders driving 15 mph or more over the posted speed limit.  This research indicated that displaying a monetary fine message alternating with a vehicle speed message was effective in reducing higher speeds in the tested work zone. Based on these findings and the results of the South Carolina study, the researchers recommend that ADOT deploy mobile CMSR with alternating speed feedback and monetary fine messages in work zones wherever practicable.
KW  - Fines (Penalties)
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Prescott (Arizona)
KW  - Speed control
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Variable message signs
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/AZ681.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321133
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536628
AU  - Nobles, Alicia L
AU  - Goldstein, Hillary D
AU  - Goodall, Jonathan L
AU  - Fitch, G Michael
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Investigating the Cost-Effectiveness of Nutrient Credit Use As an Option for VDOT Stormwater Permitting Requirements
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 22p
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) participating in water quality trading (WQT) in lieu of constructing onsite structural best management practices (BMPs) to achieve compliance with Virginia water quality standards for stormwater runoff for linear development projects. The objectives of the study were (1) to assess the potential credit demand for VDOT projects, focusing on the James River watershed as a case study; and (2) to compare the costs to VDOT of constructing BMPs and participating in WQT. Data, including a database of existing BMPs, construction plans, and detailed cost estimates, were provided by VDOT. To assess the potential credit demand, details of existing BMPs were reviewed for eligibility to participate in WQT. For the cost  comparison, a cost estimate for select linear development projects with BMPs was calculated and then compared to credit costs. Based on 19 years of historical data, VDOT could have used between 1 and 63 pounds of phosphorous credits per year and a median of 11 pounds of phosphorous credits per year for the James River watershed if current WQT guidelines had been in place over this period of time. In the hypothetical scenario where VDOT’s participation in the WQT program was allowed in lieu of VDOT’s construction of nine BMPs, VDOT would have realized a cost savings of 5% to 75%, with an average cost savings of 51%. These results suggest that participating in WQT at current market rates in lieu of constructing onsite structural BMPs is an economically feasible solution for VDOT to manage stormwater quality. It should be noted that market rates for phosphorus credits may change in the future. VDOT’s Location and Design Division should continue purchasing stormwater credits for those projects that are eligible for WQT.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Drainage structures
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - James River (Virginia)
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Savings
KW  - Virginia Department of Transportation
KW  - Water quality management
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/15-r9.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320974
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536056
AU  - Atkinson, Jennifer E
AU  - Chandler, Brian E
AU  - Betkey, Vernon
AU  - Weiss, Karen
AU  - Dixon, Karen
AU  - Giragosian, Anna
AU  - Donoughe, Kelly
AU  - O'Donnell, Cara
AU  - SAIC
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Manual for Selecting Safety Improvements on High Risk Rural Roads
PY  - 2014/08
SP  - 176p
AB  - This manual provides information on the costs and benefits of safety treatments on high-risk rural roads (HRRR). Agencies can use this manual to determine the following information on the treatments: Safety benefits; Cost-effectiveness comparison of safety treatments; Applicability of treatment deployment with respect to identified need; and Initial and reoccurring maintenance costs associated with countermeasure installation. In addition, this manual provides information on the decision-making process necessary to identify treatments.
KW  - Benefits
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Costs
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Decision making
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Safety management
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/hrrr/manual/hrrr_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320894
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535994
AU  - Diefenderfer, Brian K
AU  - Apeagyei, Alex K
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - I-81 In-Place Pavement Recycling Project
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 77p
AB  - During the 2011 construction season, the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) completed an in-place pavement recycling project to rehabilitate a section of pavement on I-81 near Staunton, Virginia. The project consisted of a 3.66-mile section of southbound I-81 in Augusta County. VDOT employed three in-place pavement recycling techniques and a unique traffic management plan to accomplish the work. The recycling processes included full-depth reclamation (FDR), cold in-place recycling (CIR), and cold central-plant recycling (CCPR). This project marked the first time in the United States that these three recycling techniques were combined in one project on the interstate system. Materials for both the CIR and CCPR were produced using hydraulic cement and foamed asphalt. A combination of hydraulic cement and lime kiln dust was chosen for the FDR process. The purpose of this research portion of this construction project was threefold: (1) to allow VDOT personnel to gain experience with the specific laboratory mix designs, field evaluation, and quality assurance procedures; (2) to characterize the structural properties of the materials used in the recycling project; and (3) to document the performance of the entire rehabilitated section during its initial 3-year service period. Various laboratory tests were conducted on materials collected before, during, and after construction to characterize the materials. These tests included gradation, resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, dynamic modulus, and flow number. Additional tests to document the performance of the project included ride quality testing and rut-depth measurements collected via a traffic-speed profiler; pavement layer thickness measurements by ground penetrating radar; and structural capacity measurements by the falling weight deflectometer. From the results of this study, the combined structural layer coefficient for the CCPR and FDR materials was calculated as 0.37. The structural layer coefficient for the CIR material was calculated as 0.39. The structural layer coefficient for the CCPR material was calculated to have a likely range of 0.37 to 0.44. Laboratory testing showed that the performance of the CCPR and CIR materials is expected to be similar. The field performance tests demonstrated that the section of pavement rehabilitated by the three in-place recycling methods continues to perform well after nearly 3 years of high-volume interstate traffic. This study recommends that VDOT pursue in-place recycling where it is most suitable. The study also recommends that VDOT consider increasing the structural layer coefficients used in the design for recycled materials. Further, VDOT should continue to monitor the performance of the I-81 project and other in-place recycling projects in an effort to develop long-term performance data. Finally, the study recommends that VDOT consider using long-term lane closure strategies similar to those employed in this project on other major pavement rehabilitation projects.
KW  - Augusta County (Virginia)
KW  - Cold central-plant recycling
KW  - Cold in-place recycling
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Full-depth reclamation
KW  - Interstate 81
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Lane closure
KW  - Layer coefficient (Pavements)
KW  - Materials tests
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Staunton (Virginia)
KW  - Virginia Department of Transportation
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/15-r1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320981
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01535709
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Fries, Ryan
AU  - Zhou, Huaguo
AU  - Williamson, Michael
AU  - Yiu, Yu Liang
AU  - Qu, Yuhui
AU  - Gu, Patrick
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of a Highway Incident Management Operational and Training Guide: Phase II
PY  - 2014/08
IS  - 14-019
SP  - 54p
AB  - The overall goal of both phases of this project was to reduce responder fatalities and injuries, as well as to prevent secondary crashes, especially those involving incident responders. The phases of this project worked toward this goal by creating training materials to help incident responders work more safely and effectively. To address the need for promptly training all traffic incident responders in the state of Illinois, Phase II of this project created online modules to supplement the in-class training developed in Phase I. Based on the recommendations of the Technical Review Panel, responder feedback, and suggestions from the Federal Highway Administration, material was identified that could be presented online as a prerequisite to the classroom-based training. Additionally, this project modified the existing in-class training to obtain endorsement by the Federal Highway Administration as equivalent to their national program. The researchers created 11 online training modules, each lasting between 15 and 30 minutes, to allow responders to view a whole module in one sitting. The researchers also created an online training video game and an in-class trivia game. The video game allows responders to refine their traffic control and vehicle-positioning skills. The trivia game helps reinforce knowledge gained during the in-class training. Together, the online and in-class training materials created throughout both phases of this research project can provide education to those responding to traffic incidents in Illinois. It is expected that as more responders completing this training program, their incident-scene safety will also improve.
KW  - Computer programs
KW  - Emergency training
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Occupational safety
KW  - Secondary crashes
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Traffic incidents
KW  - Training programs
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3130
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320033
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535118
AU  - Myers, John J
AU  - Aboelseoud, Mohamed A
AU  - Earley, C Renee
AU  - Washer, Glenn
AU  - Schmidt, Justin
AU  - Center for Transportation Infrastructure and Safety/NUTC program
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Field Evaluation of Hybrid-Composite Girder Bridges in Missouri
PY  - 2014/08//Final Report
SP  - 157p
AB  - Three hybrid composite beam (HCB) bridges were recently constructed in Missouri, USA. HCB is an innovative idea that incorporates traditional construction materials (steel and concrete) with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in such a manner to optimize the performance of the beam constituents. The HCB consists of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) poured in classical arch shape and tied at the ends by conventional prestressing strands. The concrete and steel are tucked inside durable fiberglass shell and the voids are filled with polyiso foam. An integrated study was implemented on the three bridges to investigate the HCB in-service behavior. The study included quality control/quality assurance (QC/QA) testing program. As a part of this research study, an innovative infrared (IR) thermal imaging approach was developed to detect the voids in the concrete arch section during its casting. The approach is found to be an ideal solution for QC/QA of the concrete arch concrete placement. A series of load tests on the bridges together with meticulous theoretical and numerical analyses were executed. The first finite element analysis (FEA) for a HCB bridge superstructure was accomplished. The analysis was used to provide better understanding for the girder behavior and to emphasize the areas that need more examination. Based on the FEA results the existing flexural design methodology and assumptions were tested. The methodology was found unable to detect the maximum compressive stress in the concrete arch, and the strain compatibility assumption was found invalid. However, the experimental measurements along with the mathematical calculations indicate that the HCB owns abundant nominal bending and shear strength to withstand the expected loads during its lifetime. A modified methodology that is based on the same assumptions as the existing one was produced. The methodology was found to achieve significant enhancement in predicting the stresses under the service loads. The durability of the HCB was tested through subjecting the composite shell to different aging regimes. The testing results indicate that the HCB possesses excellent durability in relation to the expected weathering exposure in Missouri. Longer exposure regimes are currently being examined to verify these results.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Bridge superstructures
KW  - Composite bridges
KW  - Durability
KW  - Fiber reinforced polymers
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Girder bridges
KW  - Hybrid composite beams
KW  - Infrared imaging
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Self compacting concrete
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - Stresses
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1124/cmr15-002.pdf
UR  - http://transportation.mst.edu/media/research/transportation/documents/R281%20Final%20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320886
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560091
AU  - Greer, Elizabeth
AU  - Hatcher, Greg
AU  - Noblis
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Use of Incentives to Encourage ITS Deployment
PY  - 2014/07/31/Final Report
SP  - 34p
AB  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) identifies Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) as part of the solution to the Nation’s transportation needs and provides mechanisms for accelerating deployment of innovative technology. The legislation contains a provision directing the U.S. Secretary of Transportation to: “encourage deployment of ITS to improve the performance of the National Highway System (NHS) in areas such as: traffic operations, emergency response, incident management, surface transportation network management, freight management, traffic flow information and congestion management by accelerating adoption of innovative technologies through the use of: demonstration programs, grant funding, incentives to eligible entities, and other tools/strategies or methods that will result in the deployment of innovative ITS technologies.” Further, the Secretary is directed to prepare a plan that addresses the manner in which incentives may be adopted, as appropriate, through existing deployment activities carried out by surface transportation modal administrations. This report addresses these requirements. It provides insights based on past and present experience with incentive programs and provides analysis and findings on appropriate incentives that the United States Department of Transportation (Department) has adopted, or is considering for adoption. The report was prepared through a collaborative process within and outside of the Department, and managed by an advisory team consisting of representatives of the surface transportation modal administrations.
KW  - Incentives
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - ITS deployment
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - National Highway System
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54500/54593/FHWA-JPO-14-149-v1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344675
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545076
TI  - Performance-Based Mix Design of Porous Friction Courses
AB  - Porous friction courses (PFC), which are sometimes termed permeable friction courses, have been used in the United States for many years. These mixtures are desirable because of their open aggregate gradations and resulting high air void contents that provide functionality in terms of permeability to quickly remove water from the surface of the roadway, thus reducing the potential for vehicles to hydroplane. These PFC mixture characteristics can also provide additional environmental benefits by reducing the charge in pollutants in storm water runoff and additional safety benefits by reducing splash, spray, and glare. These characteristics also improve pavement marking visibility and skid resistance in wet weather and reduce traffic noise. Despite their many benefits, the use of PFC mixtures has been limited in part because of cost, a lack of a standard mixture design method, premature failure by raveling or stripping, and loss of functionality by clogging with debris. When PFC mixtures become clogged, they suffer a loss of permeability that compromises the primary benefit of these mixtures and can lead to premature failure. Recent improvements in Europe have produced mixtures with higher air void contents that maintain their functionality through periodic maintenance with special equipment. Other recent research has shown environmental benefits from PFC mixtures due to their ability to filter pollutants transported in waste water runoff, although maintenance of adequate functionality is required. In addition to the need to develop improved maintenance methods, the performance of PFC mixtures can also benefit from the development of a standardized mixture design method that balances durability in terms of resistance to premature failure by raveling or stripping and functionality in terms of both permeability and noise reduction. This new design method should be based on the latest technology available, including recent developments in Europe, and make use of the Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) for producing laboratory samples. As part of the mixture design method, laboratory performance characteristics must be accurately measured to assure the primary functionality benefit of PFC. The multitude of test methods and equipment available often give different results. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate and recommend standard methods for mix design, performance testing, and quality control of PFC mixtures. The objective of this research is to develop a performance-based mix design method for PFC mixtures. For purposes of this research, a PFC is defined as having a typical layer thickness of 0.75 to 1.25 inches and a design air void content above 15%. The mix design method shall be based on the use of the Superpave gyratory compactor and shall include (a) selection of materials, i.e., binder, aggregate, additives, etc.; (b) consideration of climate and traffic; and (c) laboratory performance tests and criteria for properties related to rutting, raveling, cracking, moisture susceptibility, permeability, noise reduction, and friction, to achieve a balance in the mix design between PFC durability and functionality.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Hydroplaning
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Skid resistance
KW  - Traffic noise
KW  - Visibility
KW  - Wet weather
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3627
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332530
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560096
AU  - Zimmer, R E
AU  - Burt, M
AU  - Zink, G J
AU  - Valentine, D A
AU  - Knox, W J
AU  - Battelle Memorial Institute
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Transit Safety Retrofit Package Development: Final Report
PY  - 2014/07/30/Final Report
SP  - 123p
AB  - This report provides a summary of the Transit Safety Retrofit Package (TRP) Development project and its results. The report documents results of each project phase, and provides recommended next steps as well as a vision for a next generation TRP. The objectives of this project included developing, testing, installing, deploying, and maintaining TRPs on three University of Michigan transit buses, including installation of three Basic Safety Applications – Emergency Electronic Brake Lights (EEBL), Forward Collision Warning (FCW), and Curve Speed Warning (CSW), and development of two new Transit-Specific Safety Applications – Pedestrian in Signalized Crosswalk Warning (PCW) and Vehicle Turning Right in Front of Bus Warning (VTRW); participating in the USDOT’s Safety Pilot Model Deployment; and collecting and providing data from the TRP-equipped buses to the Volpe Center for an independent evaluation of results. Within the Model Deployment Connected Vehicle (CV) architecture, TRP employed Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) technologies based on Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC), to ultimately determine if these technologies could be combined with the on-board transit safety applications to provide real-time alerting to the transit driver.
KW  - Dedicated short range communications
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Transit buses
KW  - Transit safety
KW  - University of Michigan
KW  - Vehicle retrofitting
KW  - Vehicle to infrastructure communications
KW  - Vehicle to vehicle communications
KW  - Warning devices
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54500/54592/FHWA-JPO-14-142_v1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344673
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545077
TI  - Environmental Justice Analyses when Considering Toll Implementation or Rate Changes
AB  - Tolling has become more prevalent as a funding mechanism as well as an operations strategy for transportation facilities. Tolling can have an impact on low-income and minority populations, but the extent of the impact is unclear. As a result of Presidential Executive Order 12898, U.S.Department of Transportation (DOT) Order 5610.2(a), and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the U.S.DOT requires transportation agencies to take into consideration environmental justice (EJ) in all transportation programs, policies, and activities. However, there is little guidance on how to best incorporate EJ analysis in assessing equity concerns in the context of pricing. Further, there is little consensus about what types of mitigation measures are appropriate to be used to offset the effects of tolling on minority and low-income populations. Research is needed to better understand how to measure and address the impact of tolling on minority and low-income populations at it relates to mobility, access, and household income. The objective of this research is to develop a toolbox that practitioners can use to evaluate and address environmental justice issues that arise when implementing tolls or rate changes. The toolbox will be used to assist transportation decision makers with how to assess and offset any potential impacts on minority and low-income populations as a result of tolling.
KW  - Accessibility
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Environmental justice
KW  - Equity (Justice)
KW  - Low income groups
KW  - Minorities
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Tolls
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3642
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332531
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543452
TI  - Evaluating the Performance of Longitudinal Barriers on Curved, Superelevated Roadway Sections
AB  - Curved, high-speed roadways are usually superelevated in order to make the curved roadway easier for vehicles to navigate. Since curved roadside barriers would be expected to produce higher impact angles and therefore a greater potential for occupant injury, there is a possibility that curvature could degrade the performance of a barrier. An increase in the impact angle can cause an increase in impact loading that could potentially exceed the structural capacity of a barrier and result in vehicle penetration or override of the barrier. Therefore, the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 22-29 was undertaken to study them in order to quantify the performance of longitudinal barriers on superelevated, curved roadways. The NCHRP Project 22-29 research team's review of the literature, analyses of accident data, and surveys of the state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) did not suggest a safety problem with barriers on curved, superelevated sections. However, the research team thought it prudent to validate these findings through computer simulations and crash testing. Since the surveys showed that the state DOTs planned to use G4-1S and midwest guardrail system (MGS) guardrails, vertical concrete walls, and NJ- and F-shape barriers on curved roadways in the near future, the simulations and crash testing should emphasize these barrier types. The researchers also obtained information from the state DOTs about the details of superelevation designs that will be used on high-speed highways. The researchers used vehicle kinematics models to study the trajectories of vehicles traversing various superelevated sections and impacting barriers. Finite element models of vehicles were validated. Finite element models were made of guardrails and concrete barriers and then converted to curved barriers using a new computer program written for that purpose. However, due to organizational changes, NCHRP Project 22-29 was not completed, and this follow-on study is intended to finish that research. The objectives of this research are to (1) evaluate the crash performance of standard longitudinal barriers installed on superelevated, curved roadways; (2) determine if the curvature and superelevation details used by the state DOTs degrade the performance of the barriers to the extent that they will no longer meet the crash test criteria for Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) TL-3; and (3) develop a plan for possible future research to study barrier modifications, changes to roadway geometrics, or both, in response to any identified problems. This research completes work begun under NCHRP Project 22-29, "Performance of Longitudinal Barriers on Curved, Superelevated Roadway Sections." In addition to the evaluation of crash performance, it includes (1) a review of development and validation of the crash simulations in Project 22-29 using LS-DYNA finite element models of five vehicles and three barrier types (G4-1S, MGS and vertical concrete) and (2) completion of one planned simulation left undone in Project 22-29.
KW  - Barriers (Roads)
KW  - Crashworthiness
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Performance
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Superelevation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3756
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330908
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577471
TI  - SUP-PRESS – Suppressing Utility Problems – Protection via Robotic Engineering to the Subsurface

AB  - Phase I will explore and identify existing technologies that are capable of, or can be adapted to, the robotic installation of underground utilities. Similarly, phase I will also examine current and emerging subsurface utility sensing and mapping technology to identify the most applicable technique(s) to exploit for use with a future automated subsurface utility relocation system. Lastly, this phase will determine the feasibility of integrating the identified subsurface sensing/mapping methods with the robotic technology to form a complete, automated subsurface utility relocation system.

KW  - Automation
KW  - Mapping
KW  - Protection
KW  - Relocation (Facilities)
KW  - Robotics
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Subsurface Utility Engineering
KW  - Underground utility lines
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370733
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577885
TI  - 2014-164 (INTER) Intersection Focus State Initiatives

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Traffic control
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371188
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541420
AU  - Schmidt, Tyler L
AU  - Rosenbaugh, Scott K
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Sicking, Dean L
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of a Socketed Foundation for the Midwest Weak Post (MWP) V1
PY  - 2014/07/23/Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - A socketed foundation was designed and evaluated for use with the Midwest Weak Post (MWP), Version 1. Dynamic component testing was conducted on five different design configurations with varying embedment depths, steel reinforcement, and soil conditions. The low strength of the MWPs limited the force transferred into the foundations and prevented damage in the form of concrete cracking or fracture. Additionally, the lateral movements of the socketed foundations were all within the 1-in. (25-mm) limit established to ensure reuse of the foundations without resetting. The selected design consisted of a 12-in. (305-mm) diameter concrete shaft reinforced with four vertical bars and transverse hoop steel spaced at 6½ in. (165 mm) on center. A 4-in. x 3-in. x ¼-in. (102-mm x 76-mm x 6-mm) steel tube socket was placed in the middle of the shaft. Finally, guidelines were given for the length, or embedment depth, of the foundation based on surrounding soil conditions and risk of frost heave.
KW  - Design
KW  - Foundations
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Posts
UR  - http://www.transportation.nebraska.gov/mat-n-tests/pdfs-docs/ARLinks/TRP-03-298-14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326376
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557304
AU  - White, Donald W
AU  - Teizer, Jochen
AU  - Fang, Yihai
AU  - Nguyen, Thanh V
AU  - Jarriell, Ryan
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Best Management Practices for Storage of Historic Metal Truss Bridges
PY  - 2014/07/22/Final Report
SP  - 146p
AB  - As part of a 2002 agreement with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) has committed to consider storing metal truss bridges of historic value in lieu of demolition, until a recipient can be located. This research addresses the most effective processes for storage of historic metal truss bridges until a reuse can be determined. The design and material integrity of the bridge must be retained. The report first reviews the conditions leading to the decision to replace a historic bridge including the determination of the feasibility for reuse, discusses the cases in which metal truss bridges are commonly stored in situ versus being removed and stored at an off-site location, then addresses the early tasks to be undertaken once the decision has been made to store a bridge. These activities are referred to broadly as the evaluation and stabilization of the bridge. This is followed by an assessment of best practices in the areas of preservation, documentation, marketing, disassembly, transportation, and cost estimation as these pertain to storage. The research concludes with a case study that analyses the marketing and storage of a historic metal truss bridge in Griffin, Georgia, which was replaced in 2012.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Historic bridges
KW  - Historic preservation
KW  - Metal bridges
KW  - Truss bridges
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346745
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577839
TI  - Noise

AB  - This project supports Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) air quality (AQ) and Noise Analysis.

KW  - Air quality
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Noise control
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370913
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01530547
TI  - Implementation and Analysis of Snow Removal Wash Water Reuse Research
AB  - Due to the corrosive nature of deicing chemicals (e.g. sodium chloride), Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) maintenance trucks are washed frequently during the winter months at the 88 county and 132 outpost garages across the state. Most of the wash water is processed through an oil/water separator prior to being discharged to a sanitary sewer. However, there are a number of facilities without access to sanitary sewer for truck wash water disposal with an estimated generation of four million gallons per year. At these locations, wash water is generally stored until it can be transported to a treatment facility for disposal at costs ranging from $0.05 to $0.54/gallon. Recently, a research project (SJN: 134629) was conducted that focused on identifying cost effective, environmentally-sustainable strategies for managing this waste water.  The research has provided ODOT with the most comprehensive analytic review of waste water in the county.  The findings have demonstrated the potential for recycling a large percentage of waste water, which could result in cost savings due to a reduction in disposal fees and associated expenditures of transporting and handling of the waste water.  In an effort to transition the research findings into ODOT's daily operations, a pilot implementation project within Districts 10 and 4 is being conducted.  Particular outcomes from the pilot will be: (1) verification of previous research recommendations for a 24-hour settlement period prior to reuse, (2) initiation of an in-house testing program for waste water, and (3) incorporation of a confidence rating into the cost analysis tool developed in the initial study. Proper implementation of the research results should enable the recycling of a large percentage of wash water collected at county garages and outposts.  Integrating these measures across an entire district is expected to result in significant cost savings.  Statewide deployment could position ODOT for substantial cost savings.  The pilot implementation project has been designed to quantify and verify these perceived savings in an effort to support statewide implementation.  The disposal and treatment of waste water is dictated by external agencies (e.g.: Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], municipalities, health departments, and Wastewater Treatment Plant [WWTP]).  Scientifically based confirmation of the actual composition of waste water combined with proven methods for reducing TDS and TSS provides ODOT with the leverage needed to negotiate lower disposal rates and/or access alternatives that were previously unavailable due to the perceived, unconfirmed composition of waste water.
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Recycling
KW  - Sewage treatment
KW  - Snow removal
KW  - Washing
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/921157109/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316320
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01587739
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Climate Change Resilience Pilots Peer Exchanges: Baltimore, Maryland, July 16-17, 2014
PY  - 2014/07/16
SP  - 32p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA)’s Climate Resilience Pilot Program seeks to assist state Departments of Transportation (DOTs), Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs), and Federal Land Management Agencies (FLMAs) in enhancing resilience of transportation systems to extreme weather and climate change. In 2010-2011, FHWA sponsored five teams led by MPOs and state DOTs to conduct vulnerability and risk assessments of their transportation infrastructure. These teams pilot-tested the FHWA Climate Change and Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Conceptual Model, and FHWA created a Vulnerability Assessment Framework based on feedback from these pilot projects. On July 16 – 17th, 2014, FHWA hosted a set of peer exchanges in Baltimore, Maryland, that brought together the pilot teams to share ideas, success stories, and lessons learned related to assessing and managing climate-related impacts on transportation assets and operations. This document is a summary of the key takeaways and insights from the peer exchange presentations and discussions.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Federal Land Management Agencies
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/ongoing_and_current_research/vulnerability_assessment_pilots/exchanges_summary/fhwahep15045.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395305
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01569300
TI  - Evaluation and Analysis of Liquid Deicers for Winter Maintenance
AB  - The purpose of this research is to provide stake holders with information that will allow them to make informed decisions about safety for the traveling public as well as the cost effectiveness of each product available. Ohio has a plethora of liquid deicers commercially available and the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) would like to evaluate which deicers have minimal impacts on the environment, low corrosiveness, high melting capacity, and are compatible with ODOT's equipment and materials. This research will evaluate ODOT's current practices in the field and recommend deicers for various conditions. The recommended deicers will rank favorably in cost, have minimal environmental impact and corrosiveness. Melting capacity, longevity, compatibility and availability will also be considered. There are four main objectives: (1) to determine the deicers that are compatible with ODOT's equipment and materials with the lowest environmental impact and corrosiveness, and the highest melting capacity; (2) to conduct laboratory and field tests to evaluate the best deicers under various temperature, environmental, and roadway conditions; (3) to recommend deicers for various conditions that rank favorably in cost, minimal environmental impact, and minimal corrosiveness, melting capacity, longevity, compatibility and availability; and (4) to evaluate the feasibility of implementation for liquid deicers based on ODOT's current equipment and storage capabilities.
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Liquids
KW  - Melting
KW  - Ohio Department of Transportation
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/921157109/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1360390
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543721
TI  - Legal Problems Arising out of Highway Programs. Topic 21-03. Takings and Mitigation
AB  - State transportation departments encounter the mitigation process in two ways. The first occurs when they negotiate with natural resource agencies for mitigation of impacts to wetlands and/or protected species. The other occurs when land developers approach the transportation department for permission to build access to a State highway. In the latter situation, the transportation department often requires the donation of land for an acceleration/deceleration lane or for other improvements. In Koontz v. St. John's River Water Management District, 133 S. Ct. 2586 (June 25, 2013), the U.S. Supreme Court applied the Nollan and Dolan/1  standards for the latter scenario. The Court held that a taking can occur when a permit is denied because the permit applicant refused to abide by the mitigation obligations imposed by the permitting agency. The River Water District conditioned approval of the owners building permit on the owner granting the District a conservation easement on the remainder of his property. In such case, the Court held that the test is whether the permit conditions should be governed by the rational nexus and rough proportionality standards. Research is needed on the impact of the Koontz decision on the extent to which permitting agencies (natural resource agencies and transportation departments) are able to advance public policy goals (e.g., environmental mitigation, public safety, traffic flow management, and access control, etc.) in the land use permitting process and project development or at what point are they considered "unconstitutional exactions".
KW  - Access control (Transportation)
KW  - Land use
KW  - Permits
KW  - Safety
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Traffic mitigation
KW  - Wetlands
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3782
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331757
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01530530
TI  - Implementation and Analysis of Epoke Research
AB  - With an annual expenditure of approximately $50 million (inclusive of labor, equipment, and materials), the single largest cost item in the maintenance budget for Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) is snow and ice control.  ODOT strives to provide an adequate level of service to the motoring public, which is measured by regain time or the amount of time to recover after a snow event by increasing the vehicle speed to within 10 miles per hour of the speed limit. The Epoke Sirius S4902 AST Combi Bulk Spreader (Epoke) is a type of material spreader used for winter maintenance activities.  Recently, a research project was conducted (SJN: 134651) that demonstrated the potential for financial savings and efficiency improvements through the incorporation of the Epoke into winter maintenance operations.  The previous study demonstrated that the Epoke is capable of spreading salt and brine up to three lanes wide and found it could reduce salt usage by 12%.  When determining the costs savings and payback period of the Epoke, the researchers only considered the realized savings. There may actually be other costs savings that arise from the use of the Epoke, including roadway user savings, delay savings, and crash reduction savings.  To ensure the Epoke is utilized appropriately, an implementation study has been commissioned to focus on four objectives: (1) validate the 12% salt savings estimate, (2) confirm the deployment strategy for the Epoke developed in the initial study, (3) estimate the cost savings of the Epoke including indirect user costs, and (4) develop a strategy for an ongoing evaluation of the Epoke by ODOT. Winter maintenance is a time- and resource-intensive task for ODOT. This implementation study will provide increased insight into the benefits and implementation of the Epoke. The results may include a cost savings associated with the Epoke, indirect user savings, and an implementation plan that shows how to best utilize the Epoke system. ODOT will also be provided with a method for tracking the future savings associated with the Epoke to ensure the appropriate use of the equipment to receive the maximum return on investment.
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Deicers (Equipment)
KW  - Epoke
KW  - Ohio Department of Transportation
KW  - Return on investment
KW  - Snow and ice control
KW  - Spreaders
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/921157109/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316207
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545243
TI  - Evaluation of Small Quantities of Class 3 and Class 9 Hazmat Materials in Transportation
AB  - The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (HMTA) was adopted in 1975. Its primary objective is to provide adequate protection against risks to life and property inherent in the transportation of hazardous materials in commerce. A hazardous material is defined as any "particular quantity or form" of material in commerce that "may pose an unreasonable risk to health and safety of property."  Tens of thousands of materials classified as Class 3, Packing Group (PG) II and III, and Class 9 Environmentally Hazardous Substances that are liquid are shipped daily without incident. Materials classified as Class 3, PG II and III include perfume, food flavorings, paint, adhesives, printing ink, cleaning supplies, and personal care products - materials that present a very low flammability hazard. Class 9 materials that are liquid include many of the same types of products (e.g., perfumes and personal care products, food flavorings, paint, adhesives, printing ink, and cleaning supplies). However, Class 9 materials also include a wide range of products that have never before been regulated under the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR), such as sunscreen and other personal care products that contain zinc oxide, and first aid kits. These Class 9 materials are products that do not meet even the lowest level of flammability criteria but do meet the criteria for Environmentally Hazardous Substances under the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). Consequently, the number of incidents involving Class 9 materials in transportation is likely to increase significantly in the near future because of the classification criteria required under GHS. In fact, a large number of products that are currently unregulated under the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) will become a regulated Class 9 material under the GHS criteria. Because of the "consumer" nature of these products, they are shipped in small packages, i.e., package sizes. While the classification criteria for Class 9 Environmentally Hazardous Substances has not been adopted into the HMR, shippers who are sending products to Europe, Asia, and other countries who have adopted the GHS criteria are subject to the criteria and are using them when shipping such materials throughout the U.S. intermodal system. When incidents occur, the HMR requires carriers, and sometime shippers, to submit a report. Historically, Class 3, PG II and III, and Class 9 liquid materials were not required to be reported to the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) when an incident occurred. In 2004, PHMSA published a final rule, HM-229, Revisions to Incident Reporting Requirements and the Hazardous Materials Incident Report Form, which changed the reporting requirements by eliminating certain exceptions for small quantities of Class 3 materials. Since that time, the number of incident reports filed by industry for small quantities of Class 3 materials has increased substantially. The increased volume of Class 9 (UN 3082) materials in transportation in commerce will add significantly to the reporting requirements on carriers and shippers. Given the historical changes to the regulations along with the most recent classification scheme adopted at the international level, the industry has interest in better understanding the safety and environmental risks associated with various commodities comprising Class 3, PG II and III, and Class 9 liquid hazardous materials. The objectives of this research are to (1) examine the various commodities comprising Class 3 (Packing Groups II and III), and determine the risks for transportation in commerce by motor carriers; and (2) examine the various commodities comprising Class 9 liquid hazardous materials under the criteria of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) and determine the risks for transportation in commerce. This research should be based on a maximum single package capacity of the hazardous material of 8 gallons. Research tasks are as follows: (1). For transportation in commerce by motor carriers, identify the range of hazardous materials that comprise Class 3 (PG II and III) (e.g., perfume, food flavoring, paint, adhesives, printing ink, cleaning solutions, personal care products), excluding materials with subsidiary hazards, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) hazardous waste, and EPA hazardous substances. (2). Identify the transportation incident history since 2000 of each hazardous material identified in Task 1. The incident history should include, but not be limited to, such factors as total number of incidents by commodity; volumes released; costs of damage; types of packaging; container sizes; causes of release; injuries; fatalities; evacuations; and environmental and health impacts. The data must be presented in an easily searched and sorted data base with the source of information identified. (3). Interview 10 shippers and 10 carriers about incidents that have occurred with shipments of Class 3, PG II and III commodities to gain additional information about injuries, fatalities, evacuation, or other environmental consequences during transportation. Additional useful data would include size of packaging, container configuration, incident cause, release cause, release quantity, and remediation costs. (4). Using the results from Tasks 2 and 3, perform an in-depth analysis of the top 20 hazardous materials by incidence frequency, as well as by container size, to determine their safety and environmental consequences. (5). Identify best practices, standard operating procedures, and technological improvements that could reduce the likelihood of transportation incidents by motor carriers carrying Class 3 (PG II and III).(6). Identify the range of hazardous materials that comprise Class 9 (UN 3082 Environmentally Hazardous Substances, nos) under GHS.(7). Identify the transportation incident history since 2000 for Class 9 (UN 3082 Environmentally Hazardous Substances, nos) in the U.S. In addition, examine the relevant European and Canadian incident data for these materials for all modes of transportation. The incident history should include, but not be limited to, such factors as total number of incidents by commodity; volumes released; damage costs; packaging types; container sizes; causes of release; injuries; fatalities; evacuations; and environmental and health impacts. The data must be presented in an easily searched and sorted database with the source of information identified.(8). Interview 10 international shippers and 10 motor carriers to assess the potential impact of the GHS and to gather any incident data that are not currently required to be reported in the U.S.(9). Based on the information gathered in Tasks 6 through 8, assess the potential safety and environmental impacts of the transportation in commerce of small quantities of Class 9 materials in the U.S.(10). Prepare a final report that (1) examines the various commodities comprising Class 3 (Packing Groups II and III), and determines the risks for transportation in commerce by motor carriers; and (2) examines the various commodities comprising Class 9 liquid hazardous materials under the criteria of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) and determines the risks for transportation in commerce.
KW  - Commodities
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Hazardous chemicals
KW  - Hazardous materials
KW  - Liquids
KW  - Motor carriers
KW  - Risk analysis
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3600
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332762
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545247
TI  - Development of Roundabout Crash Prediction Models and Methods
AB  - The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Highway Safety Manual (HSM) currently includes safety performance functions (SPFs)--predictive models--for traditional intersection forms (e.g., four-legged, signalized intersections) found on rural two-lane roads, rural multilane highways, and urban/suburban arterials. These prediction models allow transportation professionals to assess the benefits of providing turn lanes, modifying intersection phasing, adding intersection lighting, and other such design decisions. The HSM does not currently include a crash prediction method for roundabouts; therefore, practitioners are not able to quantitatively assess the crash reduction benefits of providing a roundabout at a specific intersection or to investigate the safety effects of complex design decisions at single-lane and multilane roundabouts. Research consistently indicates that roundabouts generally provide substantial reductions in crashes--and specifically reductions in serious injuries and fatalities--but critical attributes that make some roundabouts more successful than others at reducing crashes is not understood. While crash modification factors (CMFs) for roundabouts have been developed, these CMFs do not reflect the safety effects of site-specific roundabout design features. The predictive methods in HSM Chapter 10 (Predictive Method for Rural Two-Lane, Two-Way Roads) or Chapter 11 (Predictive Method for Rural Multilane Highways) do not address roundabouts at all; predictive methods are needed for roundabouts on these roadway types. The interim procedure for roundabouts based on CMFs, in HSM Chapter 12 (Predictive Method for Urban and Suburban Arterials) should be replaced with a full predictive method.  Developing crash prediction models that enable practitioners to understand and compare key design trade-offs will result in better informed decisions and higher returns on safety investments. Potential users of this research include state and local agencies responsible for safety management, and for planning and implementing more effective safety programs and projects. The objective of this research is to develop SPFs and CMFs for all road users (including non-motorized users) that can be used to estimate the severity and number of crashes likely to occur at roundabouts (a roundabout is defined in National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide - Second Edition), under a variety of rural and urban contexts for single-lane and multilane roundabouts. The results of this research should enable transportation agencies to quantify the safety effects of roundabout design features and the safety performance of implementing a roundabout at a particular location so that safety performance can be compared to alternative intersection configurations for the same location. The research should answer the following questions at a minimum: (1) How do geometric features--and combinations of features--influence the number and severity of crashes at the roundabout? (2) How do operational features--and combinations of features--influence the number and severity of crashes at the roundabout? and (3) How do driver learning curves influence the number and severity of crashes at any age roundabout? The results of this research should be presented in such a way that they can easily be incorporated into (1) a future edition of the HSM; (2) the AASHTO SafetyAnalyst software; and (3) the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model software. Incorporation of results is not part of this research effort. Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks: PHASE 1 - (1) Conduct a critical review of literature related to crash prediction models for roundabouts. Domestic information should be prioritized, augmented by international information that may be applicable to conditions in the United States; (2) Assess the universe of existing roundabout datasets, identify data gaps, and create a data collection plan to gather the data needed to meet the research objective; (3) Implement the approved data collection plan. Provide a technical memorandum summarizing the status of the collection effort when approximately 25% of the anticipated data have been collected; (4) Develop and test SPFs and distributions by crash severity level and crash types, develop associated CMFs for specific roundabout features, and determine appropriate modeling procedures and approaches for developing roundabout prediction models; (5) Prepare a preliminary annotated outline of the proposed text to be added to the HSM; and (6) Prepare an interim report that contains the results of Tasks 1 through 5. The interim report should also include a detailed work plan for Phase 2. PHASE 2 - (7) Test the modeling procedures and approaches developed in Task 4, and refine and finalize them as needed. Provide a technical memorandum documenting the results; (8) Prepare a detailed annotated outline of the final deliverable(s); (9) Develop proposed text to be added to appropriate areas in the HSM; (10) Prepare the final deliverable(s) that fulfills the research objective and documents the conduct of the research. The final deliverable(s) will also include an executive summary that outlines the research results and recommendations for additional, prioritized research needs; and (11) Present the research results to the AASHTO Highway Traffic Safety Subcommittee on Safety Management.
KW  - Crash causes
KW  - Crash modification factors
KW  - Crash prediction models
KW  - Crash severity
KW  - Geometric design
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Roundabouts
KW  - Software
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3663
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332766
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543719
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 359. Next Generation National Transportation System Management & Operations (TSM&O) Research Framework
AB  - Transportation System Management &amp; Operations (TSM&amp;O) is emerging as a core business area of transportation agencies. Since the mid-Twentieth Century, technologies and tactics have been applied to enhance the safety, reliability, and security of traffic operations on the nation's highway system, as well as multimodal movement of people and goods. In the 1990s, a National Dialogue on Operations began to formalize the national strategic deployment of technologies and the federal, state, and local programmatic structures supporting TSM&amp;O. The national program structure for TSM&amp;O has included the formation of national organizations such as the National Transportation Operations Coalition, the National Traffic Incident Management Coalition, the Transportation Safety Advancement Group (formerly the Public Safety Advisory Group), the Transportation Public Safety Executive Leadership Group, the Transportation Research Board (TRB) Regional TSM&amp;O Committee, and the AASHTO Highway Subcommittee on System Operations and Management (SSOM). National transportation research has been vital in catalyzing TSM&amp;O programmatic development and implementation. For example, the TRB Freeway Operations Committee spawned pivotal research projects in the 1970's and 1980's that established national best practice in freeway traffic management and traffic incident management (TIM) techniques and technology systems. The second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Focus Area on Travel Time Reliability produced many valuable tools (e.g., capability maturity model, performance data analysis, traffic incident management training resources). Plans are currently underway to expand the SHRP 2 Knowledge Transfer System into a TSM&amp;O Center of Excellence (NCHRP 20-07/352B). Since the initial planning for SHRP 2 nearly 15 years ago; there have been dramatic programmatic, fiscal, technological, and institutional changes--some of which could be characterized as transformational. For example: (1) Privatization of functions ranging from program support services to traffic surveillance and data collection. (2) Development of technologies such as Connected/Autonomous Vehicles, cloud computing, and wireless communications. (3) Megaregions and multistate corridors emerging as institutional foundations for TSM&amp;O. (4) Increasing emphasis on the movement of freight. There is an urgent need for a coordinated assessment of current and emerging TSM&amp;O knowledge gaps and associated critical research issues. This assessment should establish a basis for coordinating national TSM&amp;O research and development projects across multiple organizations through 2025. TSM&amp;O topics need to be broadly characterized to encompass relevant aspects of transportation security and emergency management, freight operations and supply chain logistics, and active transportation and demand management along with other established areas of traffic and incident management and Intelligent Transportation Systems. The objective of this research is to create a plan for developing a sustainable transportation system management and operation (TSM&amp;O) research program.
KW  - Cloud computing
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Sustainable transportation
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Traffic surveillance
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3739
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331755
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539697
AU  - Hendrickson, Chris
AU  - Biehler, Allen
AU  - Mashayekh, Yeganeh
AU  - Carnegie Mellon University
AU  - Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 2040 Vision
PY  - 2014/07/10/Final Report
SP  - 163p
AB  - The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) commissioned a one-year project, Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 2040 Vision, with researchers at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) to assess the implications of connected and autonomous vehicles on the management and operation of the state’s surface transportation system. This report explores the impacts of connected and autonomous vehicles on design and investment decisions, communication devices investment, real-time  data usage, existing infrastructure, workforce training needs, driver licensing and freight flow as they relate to PennDOT. For each of these areas, a set of recommendations has been provided. As connected and autonomous technologies are advancing, it is recommended that PennDOT take these actions in a timely manner. A timeline for the recommended actions has been provided to help PennDOT plan accordingly. The timelines are based on current available information and the time frames are  likely to change over time.
KW  - Driver licensing
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Intelligent vehicles
KW  - Investments
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Training
UR  - https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CCAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamva.org%2FWorkArea%2FDownloadAsset.aspx%3Fid%3D5642&ei=i1RiVL62C8ekNtqNhOgC&usg=AFQjCNEbfCoWeJ_jxGeKlbkipjOPZJdIGA&sig2=akTbtWT7uy0Qc3i2aPVzPA
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324787
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01552737
TI  - Safety Effectiveness of Regulatory Headlights Signs in Wyoming (Phase 1 and Phase 2)
AB  - This project shall perform a synthesis of existing research studies of the dynamic message signs safety benefits; identify and rank hotspot locations of lane departure crashes, head-on and opposite sideswipe crashes on Wyoming roadways; evaluate the safety effectiveness of daytime running lights using Wyoming crash data for daytime running lights equipped and non daytime running lights vehicles, and motorcycles; conduct a field study on current headlight signed hotspot locations to collect data about the compliance of daytime running light use and the newly 24-hour low beam lights in newer vehicles; develop a plan for state wide sign implementation; conduct a cost/benefit analysis; conduct a driver simulation experiment; field test the experiment; and finalize statewide implementation and cost/benefit analysis.
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Daytime running lamps
KW  - Headlamps
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Ran off road crashes
KW  - Variable message signs
KW  - Wyoming
UR  - http://www.dot.state.wy.us/files/live/sites/wydot/files/shared/Planning/Research/RS05214%20Headlights%20Proposal.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342406
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543619
TI  - Seismic Design of Bridge Columns with Improved Energy Dissipating Mechanisms
AB  - The primary objective of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) load and resistance factor (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications and the AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design is to prevent bridge collapse in the event of earthquakes. Reinforced concrete bridge columns are designed to dissipate earthquake energy through considerable ductile nonlinear action that is associated with severe concrete spalling and yielding of reinforcement. Proven detailing procedures have been developed for reinforced concrete bridge columns that provide this type of behavior and are intended to prevent bridge collapse. However, for columns to successfully dissipate energy, they have to behave as nonlinear elements with substantial damage and possibly permanent drift to the point that the bridge would have to be decommissioned for repair or replacement. The impact of bridge closure on the travelling public and the economy is significant. Therefore, alternative design approaches using advanced materials and unconventional seismic details are needed to improve current practice. Despite the superior performance of columns with the innovative materials reported in the literature, design guidelines and methods of structural analysis are not addressed in the current seismic bridge design specifications. Research is needed to develop proposed AASHTO guidelines to help bridge owners incorporate innovative seismic energy dissipation principles into practice. The objectives of this research are to develop (1) proposed AASHTO guidelines for the evaluation of new techniques for the design and construction of bridge columns with energy dissipation mechanisms in order to minimize bridge damage and replacement after a seismic event; and (2) design and construction concepts based on new materials and techniques (e.g., post-tensioning, shape memory alloy, engineered cementitious composite, elastomeric pads, and fiber-reinforced polymer wrapping) and analytical techniques (e.g., current design practice, direct displacement based design, and substitute structure design method). As a minimum, the guidelines should include analysis procedures, evaluation criteria (e.g., constructibility, serviceability, inspectability, seismic and non-seismic system performance, and post-event repair), design procedures, construction details, and detailed design examples. Accomplishment of the project objectives will require at least the following tasks. PHASE I--Planning: (1) Conduct a literature review of relevant domestic and international guidelines and manuals. The review should include research conducted through the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP); Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2); Federal Highway Administration (FHWA); and other national, international, state, and pooled-fund sponsored research. The review should cover research findings and owner and industry experiences. (2) Synthesize the literature review to identify the critical criteria that need to be evaluated. Identify knowledge gaps in existing guidelines and manuals for seismic design of bridge columns with energy dissipation mechanisms and propose approaches to address these gaps. (3) Identify design and construction concepts and highlight the advantages and disadvantages, including cost, of each concept. It is anticipated that at least three concepts will be selected by NCHRP for further development in Phase II. (4) Develop an analytical approach, to be executed in Phase II, including analysis procedures, evaluation criteria (e.g., constructability, serviceability, inspectability, seismic and non-seismic system performance, and post event repair), design procedures, construction details, and detailed design examples. (5) Prepare Interim Report No. 1 that documents Tasks 1 through 4 and provides an updated work plan for the remainder of the project. This report is due no later than 4 months after the contract award. The updated plan must describe the process and rationale for the work proposed for Phases II through IV. PHASE II--Analytical Approach: (6) Execute the approved work plan for the analytical approach. (7) Prepare a detailed outline with annotated description for the proposed guidelines in AASHTO format. The proposed guidelines should include, as a minimum, analysis procedures, evaluation criteria, design procedures, construction details, and detailed design examples for the identified concepts. (8) Prepare Interim Report No. 2 that documents Tasks 6 through 7 and provides an updated work plan for the remainder of the project. This report is due no later than 12 months after approval of Phase I. The updated plan must describe the work proposed for Phases III through IV. PHASE III--Guidelines Development: (9) Develop guidelines with detailed examples for each concept. (10) Qualitatively identify the benefits and potential economic impact of the proposed guidelines.(11) Prepare Interim Report No. 3 that documents Tasks 9 and 10 of Phase III no later than 4 months after approval of Phase II. PHASE IV--Final Products: (12) Update proposed guidelines after consideration of review comments. (13) Prepare a final report that documents the entire research effort.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Columns
KW  - Dissipation
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Guidelines
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3652
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331572
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543606
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 353. Development of a Strategic Research Plan for SCOHTS
AB  - The objective of this project is to develop a strategic research plan for the Standing Committee on Highway Traffic Safety (SCOHTS) that supports research-related aspects of the SCOHTS Strategic Plan and supports or enhances SCOHTS and SCOHTS-SM processes and activities for proposing, promoting, disseminating, and implementing research.
KW  - Research management
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3606
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331559
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577825
TI  - HG-3: Research to Improve Reliability of Capacity Determination for Large Diameter Driven Piles

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Capacitance
KW  - Diameter
KW  - Pile driving
KW  - Piles (Supports)
KW  - Reliability
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370866
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577843
TI  - Visualization Software to Promote Scenario Planning 

AB  - Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Planning Capacity Building Planning Methods and Oversight.

KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Oversight
KW  - Planning methods
KW  - Software
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Visualization
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371013
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01569231
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 357. Guidelines for Collecting, Processing, and Managing Roadway Asset Inventory Data
AB  - Asset inventory data collection is an essential part of an asset management plan. In addition to supporting asset management systems, transportation agencies are identifying new demands for data utilization (e.g., developing performance measures for asset warranty projects).   This project reviewed and assessed the current practices for the collection, processing, and management of roadway asset data, and developed a Guide on the activities associated with asset data collection and management.  The Guide introduces the methodologies commonly used for collecting asset information, and provides guidance on methodology selection, data collection, and data processing and management.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Information processing
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3737
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359952
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01567102
TI  - ADOT Library Needs Analysis
AB  - The project will use appropriate investigative methods, which may include interviews, surveys, and/or focus groups to determine the information needs of the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) staff and the role of the library in meeting those needs. At a minimum, it will recommend direction regarding: (1) Format, topics, and sources for the ADOT library collection; (2) Library services offered to staff; (3) Outreach to inform staff of library products and services and influence increased use; (4) Assigning appropriate resources to ensure efficient and effective library operations; (5) A mechanism for establishing multidisciplinary staff participation in the selection of material.
KW  - Arizona Department of Transportation
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Information services
KW  - Library operations
KW  - Needs assessment
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Surveys
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358886
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01567101
TI  - Overweight (OW) Permit Fee Structure Development
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) estimates that United States highway freight demand will increase by 72% from 2008 to 2035. It is reasonable to expect similar trends to occur in Arizona. Approximately 2600 trucks now make daily trips from the Mariposa Land Port of Entry (MLPOE) to various industrial districts around Nogales and along Interstate 19. This figure is estimated to reach approximately 5700 trucks by 2040. These international shipments of manufactured goods and fresh produce are allowed only within a 25-mile zone north of the US/Mexico border, and drivers are charged a set overweight fee ($75/trip) for loads exceeding a certain weight limit (A.R.S. § 28-1103, 28-1105). However, according to the City of Nogales General Plan, new or re-developed industrial districts are expected to be built as commerce increases along the border region. It is reasonable to expect future truck traffic to increase along the I-19 corridor as various highway freight shipments continue to make their way to multiple points north. One such point is the Port of Tucson (POT), an intermodal-rail-warehousing hub near the I-10/I-19 Interchange and 39 miles beyond the 25-mile zone. This study will assess damage to the infrastructure (pavement, bridges, and miscellaneous structures) and other impacts of allowing OW trucks to drive the entire I-19 corridor to the POT. Secondly, it will establish the basis for reasonable fees for OW trucks and develop a system to track their travel along the I-19 corridor.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Fees
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Intermodal terminals
KW  - International borders
KW  - Overweight loads
KW  - Permits
KW  - Port operations
KW  - Truck traffic
KW  - United States-Mexico Border
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358885
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566094
TI  - Long-Distance Travel Modeling: Proof-of-Concept Testing of Data Sources and Methods
AB  - This project will establish guidance for updating the Arizona long-distance personal travel models that takes advantage of both traditional travel behavior data sources and data from new and emerging survey technologies. This project will recommend approaches for combining these data sources to improve the model and ensure that long-distance trips are reflected in forecasts.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Long distance travel
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357045
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566005
TI  - Work Zones in Innovative Geometric Designs Locations
AB  - Problem Description  In response to the need to improve safety and mobility of the existing highway network, many state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) have implemented highway projects that utilize innovative geometric designs such as the roundabout, the median U-tum (MUT) intersection, restricted crossing U-tum (RCUT) intersection, displaced left-tum (DL T) intersection, diverging diamond interchange (DDI), and single point urban interchange (SPUI). The development of construction phasing plans for these projects faces many challenges such as changes in traffic patterns, high travel demand, and limited capacity of the existing facilities. In addition, the standard work zone configurations as described in the Manual of Urban Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) require modifications for use on highway projects with innovative geometric designs. In order to meet these challenges, there is a need for more guidance for practitioners to help with the design of construction phasing plans for projects with innovative geometric designs.   Project Objectives The objective of this research project is to develop guidelines to help transportation practitioners develop construction phasing plans for highway construction projects with innovative geometric designs. The research approach will include a literature review and the gathering of information from various states regarding their best practices for implementing works zones on projects with innovative geometric designs. The project deliverables will include guidelines for the selection and placement of temporary traffic control measures such as signage, striping, barriers, delineators, and attenuators in a user-friendly format that could easily be incorporated into DOT design manuals or engineering policy guides. Attainment of the project objective will help to fill gaps in existing knowledge and provide transportation practitioners with tools to help improve mobility and safety in work zones on highway construction projects with innovative geometric designs.   The Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative (SWZDI) is a Federal Highway Administration (FHW A), pooled fund study created to promote and coordinate research efforts related to safety and mobility in work zones among several cooperating states; Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. The Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT), as the lead state for the pooled fund study, executes the directives of the SWZDI Board of Directors (BOD) according to Iowa DOT contracting practices and FHW A funding requirements.
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Financing
KW  - Geometric design
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/id/eprint/21907
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1356896
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01560309
TI  - Assessing Passenger Car Equivalency Factors for High Truck Percentages
AB  - Trucks, also referred to as heavy vehicles, have an effect on the quality of traffic flow on a roadway. The impact that trucks have is generally attributed to specific differences in 1) the average space taken up by a truck which is greater than that taken up by a passenger car (e.g. average gaps in front of and behind trucks are larger than those associated with passenger cars), and 2) the operational characteristics - acceleration, deceleration, maneuverability, etc. of trucks are different from those of passenger cars. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) analysis and design procedures utilize Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE), also called equivalency factors, to account for the presence of trucks in a traffic stream. Using these PCEs, a heterogeneous mix of vehicles in a traffic stream can be expressed as a standardized homogenous traffic stream of passenger cars. Essentially, the PCE of a truck represents the number of passenger cars that would have an equivalent effect on the quality of the traffic flow (Webster and Elefteriadou 1999). These PCEs are considered important in carrying out most traffic analyses. The Nebraska Department of Roads (NDOR) management adopts Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methods in their Interstate widening scheduling tool. An important input for the tool is the passenger car equivalent (PCE) variable that is provided as a function of truck proportions in the traffic stream. However, PCE values in the HCM are limited to truck proportions of 25 percent. In Nebraska, there are road sections where the percent of trucks is greater than 25 percent and therefore the decision making process of the Interstate widening scheduling tool is somewhat questionable. The objective of this research is to accurately determine passenger car equivalents for basic freeway segments in Nebraska. The particular condition of concern for Nebraska is the high percentage of trucks and other heavy vehicles using Interstate 80 in the western regions of the state.
KW  - Gap acceptance
KW  - Heavy vehicles
KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Highway Capacity Manual
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Passenger car equivalence
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Trucks
KW  - Vehicle mix
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350035
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01560306
TI  - Long-Term Performance Evaluation of NUDECK
AB  - The Kearney East Bypass is the first bridge project that uses the 2nd generation of precast concrete deck system (NUDECK) and the only bridge in Nebraska with precast concrete deck panels on precast/prestressed concrete I-girders. The 2nd generation of NUDECK has several developments over the 1st generation that was implemented in Skyline Bridge in 2004 on steel I-girders. These developments include increasing the width of precast concrete deck panels from 8 ft to 12 ft, using covered individual pockets at 4 ft spacing instead of continuous open channel, eliminating deck overlay, and placing post-tensioning strands underneath the deck panels. The bridge will be constructed during the 2014-2015 construction seasons. In this research project, it is proposed to inspect, monitor, and evaluate the performance of the Kearney East Bypass bridge project for at least 3-year period, possibly 5-year period, after completion. During this period, the bridge deck is in service and exposed (no-overlay), which is an ideal condition to conduct detailed inspection for transverse joints, post-tensioning anchor zones, and deck-girder connections. Wireless gauges will be also installed to continuously monitor girder and deck deformations to confirm their behavior as composited sections. This long-term monitoring will provide vital information about the performance of the 2nd generation of NUDECK system.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Girders
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Posttensioning
KW  - Precast concrete
KW  - Prestressed concrete bridges
KW  - Service life
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350032
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01560304
TI  - Design Procedures of Retrofitted Bridge Rail
AB  - A number of bridges can be identified within Nebraska that require a retrofitted bridge rail. Currently bridge retrofits are performed on most resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation (3R) projects to meet the objectives of extending the surface life and enhancing safety. When bridge rail requiring retrofit is identified, a block type rail is directly tied into the existing bridge deck with the use of bonded (adhesive or epoxy) anchorage. The performance of retrofitted bridge rail to resist the design loads (typically TL-4) relies on the connection of the group of bonded anchorage at the bridge rail's baseplate to the bridge deck slab. Bonded anchorage is specified in the current retrofit rail policy as #3 bars (#10M) with a yield strength of 60 ksi (414 MPa) at 12 inches (30.5 cm) on center with a minimum embedment depth of 4.75 inches (12.1 cm). This embedment depth is the minimum value specified for applications on thin or tapered bridge deck thicknesses of 6.5 inches (16.5 cm), which provides adequate concrete cover to the anchorage and existing reinforcing steel. Furthermore, this value of embedment depth is based on conservative design equations and sought to produce the desired ductile failure mode of steel rupture, rather than brittle failure modes of concrete breakout or adhesive bond failure. However due to the uncertainty of the implemented design equations, it is proposed to experimentally verify the anchor capacity and behavior for a minimum embedment depth of 4.75 inch (12.1 cm). This research will produce an understanding of the capacities of bridge rail retrofit installation with implementation in future specifications, such as a special provision and an updated rail policy. The use of shallow embedded anchors will provide for a low-cost and time-effective installation for bridge rail retrofit to extend the service life and enhance safety of countless bridge structures in Nebraska. Furthermore, the developed methods can minimize the direct costs associated with construction and indirect costs associated with downtown due to traffic closures and detours.
KW  - Anchorages
KW  - Anchoring
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Bridge railings
KW  - Design load
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Service life
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350030
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01560300
TI  - In Vehicle Evaluation of Milled Centre-Line Rumble Strip Design at Pre and Post Maintenance Periods
AB  - Driver fatigue and drowsiness can have profound impacts on safety because these reduce reaction time, vigilance and the driver's ability to process traffic information. One negative consequence is that drivers may drift out of their travel lane which increases the risk of lane departure crashes. If the drift is towards the opposing lane, head on and opposite-direction sideswipe collisions, which are often known as cross-over collisions, are likely to occur. As a countermeasure, center line rumble strips are provided along the center yellow line to alert the drivers by providing audible warning and a tactile warning as they cross the centerline. Such warnings are in the form of arousal caused by the differential in noise and vibration level when the vehicles drift from the traveling lane on to the rumble strips. A past study found that a noise differential in the range of 6 dBA to 10 dBA was created by the rumble strip depending on the pavement types. The current practices suggest that if rumble trips can generate 3 to 15 dBA of noise above ambient conditions, it will arouse an inattentive or drowsy driver. According to a past study, the human perception of changes in sound level of 1 dBA is imperceptible; a change of 3 dBA is barely noticeable; a change of 6 dBA is clearly noticeable; a change of 10 dBA is about twice as loud and a change of 20 dBA is 4 times as loud. Drivers can feel the vibration caused by the interaction of the tires and the road surface through steering wheel, the seat, and the floor of the vehicle. The threshold of vibration perceptibility is not well defined. The objective of this project is to evaluate the effectiveness of milled center line rumble strips during the post maintenance period. The project will specifically compare the performance in a before and after study. The scope of the study is limited to flexible pavements under Cheap Seal maintenance. The comparison will be made under different conditions of causal factors including speed and vehicle type. The research is expected to provide an in-depth knowledge about the performance of unrestored center line rumble strips after the maintenance period. This will help assess the current policy of the Nebraska Department of Roads (NDOR) about center line rumble strip installation.
KW  - Before and after studies
KW  - Center lines
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Fatigue (Physiological condition)
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - Vibration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350026
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01554038
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 361. Hamburg Wheel-Track Test Equipment Requirements and Improvements to AASHTO T 324
AB  - The objectives of this research are to (1) document the capabilities of available commercial Hamburg test equipment, (2) determine Hamburg test equipment capabilities, components, or design features that ensure proper testing and accurate, reproducible results, and (3) provide proposed revisions with commentary to American Association for State and Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T 324 to enable the use of a performance type specification for Hamburg test equipment.
KW  - Equipment design
KW  - Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Performance
KW  - Testing equipment
KW  - Wheel tracking devices
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3741
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344599
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545246
TI  - A Strategic Approach to Transforming Traffic Safety Culture to Reduce Deaths and Injuries
AB  - A key element of the Toward Zero Deaths (TZD) National Strategy on Highway Safety is to encourage change in the traffic safety culture in the United States among road users, including non-motorized users, and other organizations that have an existing or potential role in traffic safety, e.g., agencies responsible for public safety, education, or public health. Although extensive research related to culture change has been conducted across many disciplines, little has been done to apply that knowledge to improve traffic safety--reducing deaths and injuries--by influencing or changing the traffic safety culture of individuals and organizations. Road users need to make safety-driven decisions related to how they drive, walk, cycle, and ride. Basing decisions on factors such as potential time savings, a perceived lack of impact on other road users, or an overestimation of their own abilities can lead to actions that harm themselves or others. Successfully changing the traffic safety culture among road users should result in road user decisions that recognize potential safety impacts on themselves or other road users. From a professional and organizational perspective, a positive change in safety culture would result in safety having an appropriate weight in decisions that impact the transportation network and its operation. Changing safety culture is a complex challenge because there are many levels of social influence that give rise to a culture. For example, the traffic safety culture in the United States is a reflection of social influences from local (e.g., family, workplace, and community) as well as more distant influences (e.g., state and national). A successful program focused on changing traffic safety culture should achieve lasting change as opposed to changes in short-term behavior. Research is needed to provide state departments of transportation (DOTs) and their traffic safety partners with a strategic approach to reduce traffic-related injuries and deaths by changing the safety culture of the public and of organizations whose actions impact traffic safety. The objective of this research is to develop a strategic approach that state DOTs and their traditional and non-traditional traffic safety partner organizations can use to transform public and organizational traffic safety culture to enable sustainable improvements in traffic safety for all road users, including non-motorized users. At a minimum, the approach should provide the following (no relative significance or order of performance is implied): (1) An operational definition of traffic safety culture that (a) is informed by existing theoretical models based in social science research that describes the key elements (factors) that are part of culture according to the identified theoretical models, (b) relates to strategic traffic safety planning processes, and (c) should enhance implementation of state Strategic Highway Safety Plans. (2) Identification of the roles of relevant stakeholders necessary to support the transformation process. (3) A program development model to guide the prioritization, design, implementation, and assessment of strategic programs to transform the traffic safety culture. (4) Scalable guidance on when and how to conduct an assessment of traffic safety culture and how to apply the results. and (5) Existing and promising culture change strategies from traffic safety or other disciplines that can be implemented by state DOTs and/or their traditional and non-traditional partner organizations. The final deliverable(s) should be presented in a format that is appropriate for a multidisciplinary and lay audience and will include: (1) a strategic approach that state DOTs and their traditional and non-traditional traffic safety partner organizations can use to transform public and organizational traffic safety culture to enable sustainable improvements in traffic safety for all road users, including non-motorized users; (2) documentation of the conduct of the research project, incorporating all other specified deliverable products of the research; (3) an executive summary that outlines the research results; and (4) the research team's recommendation of research needs and priorities for additional related research.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Safety programs
KW  - Social factors
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - United States
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3662
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332765
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543617
TI  - Mitigation of Weldment Cracking of Highway Steel Structures due to the Galvanizing Process
AB  - Structural supports for signs, luminaires, and traffic signals and other highway steel structures are generally galvanized to prevent corrosion and provide a long service life. However, recent investigations have revealed incidents of cracking in weldments of galvanized structures that appear to be induced during the galvanizing process. When placed in service, structures with such flaws will exhibit short service life and pose safety concerns. There is a need to identify the factors contributing to the occurrence of weldment cracking during the galvanizing process of steel highway structures and to propose improved design, materials, and construction specifications to help mitigate such cracking. This information will ensure that galvanized highway structures provide the intended service life and eliminate related safety concerns. The objective of this research is to propose improved design, materials, and construction specifications of galvanized steel highway structures to mitigate weldment cracking caused by the galvanizing process. This research is concerned with structural supports for signs, luminaires, and traffic signals and bridge superstructures (other than decks). Accomplishment of this objective will require at least the following tasks. Phase I: (1). Collect and review relevant domestic and foreign literature; research findings; and information relative to cracking of weldments in highway and other steel structures that may be attributed to galvanizing. This information may be obtained from published and unpublished reports, and contacts with transportation agencies and other public and private organizations.(2). Evaluate the information collected in Task 1, and identify the factors contributing to cracking of weldment in galvanized steel structures (e.g., galvanizing process, material properties and chemistry, and design details).(3). Assess the relevance of the factors identified in Task 2 to cracking of weldments in galvanized highway structures and the adequacy of existing specifications to identify and mitigate such cracking.(4). Based on the findings of Task 3, propose a plan that includes an experimental investigation, to be executed in Phase II, to develop improved design, materials, and construction specifications to mitigate cracking of weldments in galvanized highway structures. (5). Prepare an interim report that documents the research performed in Tasks 1 through 4. Following review of the interim report by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), the research team will be required to make a presentation to the project panel. Work on Phase II of the project will not begin until the interim report is approved and the Phase II work plan is authorized by the NCHRP. The decision on proceeding with Phase II will be based on the contractor's documented justification of the updated work plan. Phase II: (6). Execute the plan approved in Task 5. Based on this work propose improved design, material, and construction specifications for galvanized highway structures. (7). Prepare a final deliverable that documents the entire research effort. The proposed specifications shall be prepared as a stand-alone deliverable in a format suitable for consideration and adoption by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Galvanizing
KW  - Highways
KW  - Luminaires
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Service life
KW  - Steel
KW  - Structural supports
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Weldments
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3646
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331570
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543503
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 360. Development of a Strategic Plan for the Technical Committee on Roadside Safety (TCRS)
AB  - The objective of this project is to develop a strategic plan for Technical Committee on Roadside Safety (TCRS) that guides the technical committee activities in its role as the focal point for roadside safety policies and guidance.
KW  - Policy making
KW  - Roadside
KW  - Safety
KW  - Strategic planning
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3740
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330950
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01530419
TI  - Understanding Urban Bicycle Facility Type Performances and Facility Type Impact on Transportation System Performance
AB  - The goal of this research is to comprehensively examine bicycle facility types from the viewpoints of bicyclists and create results that can be applied to facility design choices in practice.
KW  - Bicycle facilities
KW  - Bicycle travel
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Design
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316017
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01528315
TI  - Safety Assessment Tool for Construction Zone Work Phasing Plans
AB  - Problem Description  As the nation's highway infrastructure continues to age, many State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) and other public agencies have placed greater emphasis on maintaining their existing road network in lieu of expanding the highway network. The construction of highway rehabilitation projects creates the potential for both safety and mobility impacts to motorists and requires careful planning to minimize these impacts and maintain a balance between safety and mobility. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule (Scriba et al. 2005) encourages agencies to develop procedures to assess safety and mobility impacts in work zones. There are several tools such as QuickZone, QUEW A- 98, and CA4PRS that are available to help decision makers compare the impacts to traffic delays and capacity for different construction phasing alternatives. However, there are gaps in the existing knowledge regarding the evaluation of the safety risks of different construction phasing alternatives, and the analyses of these safety risks are not performed frequently. There is a need for more guidance for practitioners to help with the evaluation of the safety risks of different construction phasing alternatives.   Project Objectives The objective of this project is to develop a structured safety assessment tool to help decision makers to evaluate the safety impacts of different construction work zone phasing plans and lane closure scenarios. The research approach will include the collection and analysis of crash data from Midwestern states for different construction phasing alternatives. The project  deliverables will include a spreadsheet tool to help decision makers evaluate the safety risks of different construction phasing alternatives and lane closure scenarios. Attainment of the project objective will help to fill gaps in existing knowledge and provide transportation practitioners with a valuable tool to assist them in the evaluation of the safety impacts of construction work zones for different alternatives. Anned with better information regarding the anticipated safety impacts of different alternatives, decision makers will be able to more readily balance these impacts with mobility impacts and other factors to select the best construction phasing plan alternative.   The Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative (SWZDI) is a Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), pooled fund study created to promote and coordinate research efforts related to safety and mobility in work zones among several cooperating states; Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. The Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT), as the lead state for the pooled fund study, executes the directives of the SWZDI Board of Directors (BOD) according to Iowa DOT contracting practices and FHW A funding requirements.
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Scheduling
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312736
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01603584
AU  - Nowak, Christopher A
AU  - Peck, Caryl J
AU  - State University of New York, Syracuse
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Large Oriental Bittersweet Vines Can Be Killed by Cutting Alone
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 52p
AB  - Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.) is an invasive, exotic, woody vine introduced to North America in the mid- to late 1800s from East Asia. The New York State Department of Transportation considers oriental bittersweet a problem because it can kill roadside trees through competition and mechanical stress. These hazardous and dangerous trees then need to be removed before they cause harm. Two manipulative field experiments were conducted across the Hudson Valley by the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry to test timing of cutting and glyphosate herbicide concentration effects on large vine mortality. While results from the first year indicated that herbicides were needed to achieve high mortality rates, this was not true with second year results. Cutting vines without herbicides produce the same, high rate of mortality of oriental bittersweet vines after the second year (>90% kill) as cut stump treatments with herbicides. It may be important that high kill rates of cut vines is related to the large vine size and that stumps were in forest shade. The authors concluded that it may not be necessary to apply herbicide via cut stump methods to kill oriental bittersweet vines that have a minimum stem diameter > 1-inch and are growing in areas were the invaded trees and forest systems are not significantly disturbed with vine treatment.
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Vegetation control
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-06-24%20TASK%204%20CONTROLLING%20ORIENTAL%20BITTERSWEET.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1411109
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01596855
AU  - Solman, Gina
AU  - Filosa, Gina
AU  - Stahl, Leslie
AU  - Carroll, Todd
AU  - Wainer, Jordan
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - PEL and Corridor Planning: State of the Practice Review of Planning and Environment Linkages Implementation in Corridor Planning
PY  - 2014/07
SP  - 35p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) commissioned a review of transportation corridor plans to determine the extent to which these plans have utilized FHWA's Planning and Environment Linkages (PEL) approach, as described in the FHWA Guidance on Using Corridor and Subarea Planning to Inform National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The PEL program seeks to help transportation decision-makers to consider environmental factors early in the planning process and to use that information to inform the environmental review process. Each corridor plan in the review was evaluated based on a set of PEL elements organized into four categories: Planning, Collaboration, NEPA, and Data and Documentation. The review found that the most common elements in corridor plans included: transportation problem statement, study purpose and need, corridor definition, and transportation modes. Across the 87 plans evaluated in this review, incorporation of environmental information varies from plan to plan and from State to State. However, the review found that several States have taken steps to explicitly incorporate PEL elements and mention PEL and the NEPA process in corridor plans.
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - National Environmental Policy Act
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - States
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - https://www.environment.fhwa.dot.gov/integ/corridor_planning_report_July2014.asp
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402503
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01590493
AU  - Ross, Catherine L
AU  - Lee, David Jung-Hwi
AU  - White, Chelsea C
AU  - Erera, Alan L
AU  - Hylton, Peter
AU  - Wang, Fangru
AU  - Lee, Yun Sang
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - National Center for Transportation Systems Productivity and Management
TI  - Freight Movement, Port Facilities, and Economic Competitiveness
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 237p
AB  - This research report examines how the Panama Canal expansion will affect freight at three ports, truck movement between the ports and inland economic hubs and the economic impacts accompanying the shift in cargo shipping patterns. Economic impacts stemming from the Panama Canal expansion are examined with three primary research objectives: to profile the relationship between the Panama Canal and port activities along the East and Gulf Coasts and explore the nature of inland freight movement; to examine the implications for highway infrastructure resulting from a change in freight movement; and to model different scenarios of the Panama Canal expansions’ impact on local economic activity. The analysis begins by examining 14 east and Gulf Coast ports having a combined cargo volume of over one quarter million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). The research contains a deeper analysis of the relationship between highway network conditions, port activity and local and regional economies utilizing large seasonal truck global positioning system (GPS) samples for three selected ports: the Garden City Terminal at the Port of Savannah, the Norfolk International Terminals in at the Port of Virginia, and the Napoleon Avenue Container Terminal at the Port of New Orleans. GPS truck data showed that congestion around the Port of New Orleans is limiting truck range compared with Savannah or Norfolk. While the Savannah area is not severely congested, main truck routes encounter congestion around major cities and highway interchanges in Georgia, and by 2040 congestion is expected to affect urban and rural interstates in South and North Carolina.
KW  - Competition
KW  - East Coast (United States)
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Gulf Coast (United States)
KW  - Highways
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Panama Canal
KW  - Port of New Orleans
KW  - Port of Savannah
KW  - Port of Virginia
KW  - Ports
KW  - Shipping
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Truck traffic
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-22.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1396130
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570374
AU  - Williams, Trefor
AU  - Nelson, Christie
AU  - Betak, John
AU  - Pottenger, William
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Railroad Operations Research and Training
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 26p
AB  - Grade crossing accidents are a major problem for the U.S. railroad industry. Research in grade crossing accidents has concentrated on methods to prioritize grade crossings using statistical and probabilistic methods. Recent advances in computer science in the areas of data mining, data visualization, and text mining have made it possible to consider other techniques to better understand the factors involved in grade crossing accidents, and to develop more accurate methods of identifying grade crossings requiring safety upgrades. It is the purpose of this paper to suggest and demonstrate new computer-based methods to better understand and visualize grade crossing data. This paper will discuss computer models that can be implemented to produce insights that can augment the existing prioritization techniques, and stand-alone models that can be used to identify potentially dangerous crossings.
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data mining
KW  - Railroad crashes
KW  - Railroad grade crossings
KW  - Research projects
KW  - Text mining
KW  - Visualization
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-014-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359774
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570305
AU  - Williams, Trefor
AU  - Halling, Marv
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Analyzing Asset Management Data Using Data and Text Mining
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 10p
AB  - Predictive models using text from a sample competitively bid California highway projects have been used to predict a construction projects likely level of cost overrun. A text description of the project and the text of the five largest project line items were used as input. The text data were converted to numerical attributes using text-mining algorithms and singular value decomposition. Two models were produced. The first used only the text description as input, while the second combined the text data with the numeric value of the low bid. Classification models were produced using the K-Star classification algorithm. Modeling results indicated information in the textual descriptions is related to the projects level of cost overrun.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Bids
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Cost overruns
KW  - Data mining
KW  - Text mining
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-031-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359773
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567382
AU  - Veneziano, David
AU  - Fay, Laura
AU  - Shi, Xianming
AU  - Foltz, Barbara
AU  - Reyna, Monica
AU  - Wulfhorst, J D
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Idaho Transportation Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Highway User Expectations for ITD Winter Maintenance
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 134p
AB  - Providing a high Level of Service (LOS) to ensure the safety and mobility for the traveling public is a key objective for winter maintenance operations. The goal of this research was to obtain a better understanding of Idaho highway users’ expectations for the Idaho Transportation Department’s (ITD) winter maintenance efforts. Input about Idaho residents’ preferences for winter maintenance was obtained through a web-based survey and focus groups meetings. Idaho residents were generally satisfied with ITD’s winter maintenance operations, and 3 out of 4 felt safe on Idaho’s highways following winter storm events. The majority of respondents (60 percent) felt that ITD should maintain the current LOS, and the remaining 40 percent felt the LOS for winter maintenance should be increased. Survey respondents indicated a preference for the use of abrasives (45.5 percent), followed by the use of chemicals (15 to 19 percent depending on material). Based on the survey findings, it is recommended that the current approach to LOS be maintained, with enhancements (e.g. use of corrosion inhibitors should they prove to have a positive cost-benefit relationship). In some cases, it may be possible to reduce the quantities of materials being used while maintaining the same LOS. Additional efforts could be made to expedite the time required to achieve bare pavement (4 hours) which the residents expect. There is a need for public campaign detailing when and why different materials are used for treating winter roads.
KW  - Consumer preferences
KW  - Customer satisfaction
KW  - Focus groups
KW  - Idaho Transportation Department
KW  - Level of service
KW  - Materials
KW  - Snow and ice control
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://itd.idaho.gov/highways/research/archived/reports/RP232Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1356031
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567271
AU  - Siddiqi, Khalid
AU  - El-Itr, Zuhair
AU  - Rodgers, Charner
AU  - Southern Polytechnic State University
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Construction Engineering Inspection Direct Cost Survey
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 192p
AB  - The objective of the study was to provide a rationale to Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) for Direct Costs in terms of salary and wages charged by qualified independent contractors performing Construction Engineering Inspection (CEI) services in the State of Georgia. Major conclusions drawn from this study were: (1) Enlarge the Pool of Qualified Personnel - There is disconnect between the qualification required by the Request for Qualifications (RFQ) and actual requirements from practice: this disconnect deals with many issues including: Engineering vs. non engineering activities. Current specification of experience required to perform various CEI tasks limits the focus of education to only Civil Engineering and Civil Engineering Technology majors while the job specification listed and or mentioned could be satisfactorily performed by numerous other program majors such as Construction Management, Architecture, etc. With the exception of Bridge Inspector, most field managers interviewed suggested that the only requirement, in order to qualify for the entry level position was to have “a High School Diploma and General Math Knowledge”. “On the job training” for the newcomers also resulted in improved performance in subsequent days or projects. (2) Opening up the Competition: Entry to the Market - Selection Process that requires GDOT Experience in “evaluating Suitability and Past Performance” appears to be a major hurdle for the new contractors willing to participate in the prequalification process and bids for CEI Inspections. Size of the organization requiring “comparable size and scope “acts as a barrier to the new entrants. This requirement discourages entry and competition from smaller organizations possessing appropriate qualifications and expertise. Opening up the competition for smaller size contractors is expected to increase competition and lower direct and overhead costs both. The study also recommends that DOT may like to offer training classes and assess the trained candidates in terms of training outcomes to assist in creating a larger pool of qualified personnel for CEI Projects in Georgia. (3) Changing Method for Computing Costs incurred by Contracting Firms - Most contracts are based on the daily rate of various personnel multiplied by the total duration of the project. After carrying out structured interviews with field managers involved it was discovered that DOT Personnel doing the same tasks will end up working either on one or more than one job at the same time or they perform another task simultaneously on the same job.
KW  - Construction engineering
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Direct costs
KW  - Georgia Department of Transportation
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Training
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/13-14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357773
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01563888
AU  - Ejsmont, Jerzy A
AU  - Świeczko-Żurek, Beata
AU  - Ronowski, Grzegorz
AU  - Wilde, W James
AU  - Minnesota State University, Mankato
AU  - Minnesota Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Rolling Resistance Measurements at the MnROAD Facility, Round 2
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - The Minnesota Department of Transportation and Minnesota State University, Mankato, contracted with the Technical University of Gdańsk, in Poland, for a second time to conduct rolling resistance at the MnROAD facility near Albertville, Minnesota. Rolling resistance testing was conducted on most of the cells of the MnROAD mainline and the low-volume road. A relative ranking of rolling resistance among the difference surfaces at MnROAD was developed. The research team from Poland conducted the testing for a week in early May 2014. The rolling resistance data collected were analyzed and are presented in this report. Additional analyses that were conducted include a relative comparison of fuel consumption predicted with the different rolling resistance coefficients measured at MnROAD, with standard concrete and asphalt pavements as references.
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Minnesota Road Research Facility
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Rolling resistance
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://www.dot.state.mn.us/research/TS/2014/201429.pdf
UR  - http://www.lrrb.org/media/reports/201429.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1354321
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557296
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - Carter, Daniel
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Highway Safety Improvement Program 2013 National Summary Report
PY  - 2014/07//Summary Report
SP  - 34p
AB  - The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) 2013 National Summary Report compiles and summarizes aggregate information related to the States’ progress in implementing HSIP projects. Progress in implementing HSIP projects is described based on the amount of HSIP funds available and the number and general listing of projects initiated during the 2013 reporting cycle. The HSIP 2013 National Summary Report is not intended to compare states; rather to illustrate how the states are collectively implementing the HSIP to reduce fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads across the nation.
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Improvement Program
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Safety management
KW  - States
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/reports/pdf/2013/hsip_natlrptfinal072314.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345876
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01555801
AU  - Lo, Wing Hong (Louis)
AU  - Barr, Paul J
AU  - Halling, Marv W
AU  - Utah State University, Logan
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Forensic Testing of Post Tensioned Concrete Girders
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 113p
AB  - Recently, two separate Interstate 15 highway bridges over the 400 South roadway in Orem, Utah were demolished after 50 years of service. A total of four post-tensioned girders were salvaged from both the north-bound and south-bound bridge. A series of tests was performed with these girders in the System Material And Structural Health Laboratory (SMASH Lab). The girders were tested with different loading criteria to determine the strength and material properties of the girder. The experimental results were compared with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Load and Resistance Factor Design (AASHTO LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications and a finite-element model using ANSYS. The AASHTO LRFD Specification was fairly conservative on predicting capacity and capable of predicting the type of failure that occurred. The ANSYS model was developed and calibrated to model the girder behavior. The concrete properties in the model were significantly adjusted in order to be comparable to the experimental results. Further exploration in ANSYS needs to be done to precisely model the actual behavior of the girder.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - ANSYS (Computer program)
KW  - Bearing capacity
KW  - Failure analysis
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Girders
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Orem (Utah)
KW  - Posttensioning
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-033-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342956
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554227
AU  - Park, Hyun-A
AU  - Robert, William
AU  - Lawrence, Katherine
AU  - Spy Pond Partners, LLC
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2014 Transportation Asset Management Peer Exchange – Preparing for MAP-21 Implementation
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 53p
AB  - This report summarizes the proceedings of the 2014 Transportation Asset Management Peer Exchange hosted by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). The peer exchange was held in Miami, Florida on May 1st, 2014. The purpose of this peer exchange was to provide participants from State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) an opportunity to share information on the best and current practices in transportation asset management (TAM) and the preparation for implementing the TAM-related requirements in the transportation reauthorization legislation Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). The peer exchange was organized around three primary themes: developing a MAP-21-compliant Transportation Asset Management Plan (TAMP); making TAM performance measures work; and TAMP development and risk – climate change and extreme weather events.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/asset/pubs/hif14013.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342625
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551279
AU  - Guyton, John
AU  - Jones, Jeanne C
AU  - Entsminger, Edward
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Alternative Mowing Regimes’ Influence on Native Plants and Deer: SS228 Final Project Report
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 79p
AB  - This study evaluated mowing regimes, changes in native and non-native plant communities, deer presence in the research plots, and public perception of various management practices on  right of ways (ROWs). No significant difference was found in the height of vegetation 3 weeks after each mowing between research plots mowed 4 times per year and plots mowed only once per year in uplands or lowlands. Native plants increased in plots mowed once per year and deer preferred the frequently mowed plots where clovers and vetches had been seeded. Increasing the carrying capacity of the lowlands with more extensive plantings of clover and vetch may attract deer, thus encouraging them to browse and use the underpasses beneath bridges and making the ROWs safer. The public survey found strong support for wildflowers on ROWs and a distaste for litter. Further, respondents would tolerate a less manicured ROW if it saved money, made the roads safer, and hid litter. Overall the study suggested that ROWs would be less costly to maintain, safer, and more attractive to motorists if mowing were reduced to once per year in late fall after seed set. However, the concurrent implementation of a comprehensive education program would be essential.
KW  - Deer
KW  - Landscape maintenance
KW  - Mowing
KW  - Native plants
KW  - Public opinion
KW  - Right of way (Land)
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20228%20-%20Alternative%20Mowing%20Regimes%92%20Influence%20on%20Native%20Plants%20and%20Deer.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340960
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548511
AU  - Volovski, Matthew
AU  - Arman, Mohammad
AU  - Labi, Samuel
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Statistical Limits for Using the Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD) in Construction Quality Assurance
SN  - 9781622603169
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 58p
AB  - The traditional methods of evaluating the compaction quality of pavement subbase and subgrade construction require considerable time and resources. Therefore, there is a need for a safe, reliable, rapid, and cost-effective field measurement technique for compaction testing of unbound pavement layers. The Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD) is one such mechanism that offers field measurement of deflections and stiffness of unbound pavement layers under a given load. The LWD is gaining increased attention for quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA) during pavement construction. The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is planning on implementing the LWD in field QA/QC for unbound layers of pavements. As such, this research investigates the feasibility of developing statistical limits for the compaction of specified combinations of subbase and subgrade materials in terms of their maximum allowable LWD deflections. Statistical limits were developed for six of the most common subgrade, subbase, or subgrade-subbase combinations that are used for highway pavement construction in Indiana: lime modified, cement modified, natural subgrade and No. 53 crushed stone (53CS) subbase overlaying these subgrades. For the subbase layers, these statistical limits are applicable only to six inches of subbase over subgrade and may not be applicable to a different layer configuration in terms of the number of lifts or thickness of lifts. The ultimate goal is for the developed statistical limits to replace the need for site-specific LWD limits derived from the onsite test sections, ultimately saving time and money. Due to variability in the data and data limitations, caution must be exercised when generalizing the findings published in this report. Compared to the data from the acceptance test sections, the data collected from test sections saw less variability between projects, for any given material type. The test section data yielded maximum allowable deflections that did not vary significantly between projects for cement- and lime-modified subgrade, non modified subgrade, and six inches of #53 crushed stone over lime-modified subgrade. Generally, within any specific contract location (project site), the data indicates adequate confidence that the test pads generate control measurements that can be used reliably to check the adequacy of compaction at that contract location. However, across different contact locations, even for the same material type, so much variability was observed that it is not possible to guarantee that the control measurements generated from a limited number of test sections (pads) can be confidently transferred to another site of the same material type.
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Deflectometers
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Lightweight deflectometers
KW  - Pavement layers
KW  - Paving
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Stiffness
KW  - Test sections
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315504
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334701
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544684
AU  - Moses, Thomas
AU  - Brown, Jeffrey
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of the Train Signal and Rail Systems for the Anton Anderson Memorial Tunnel
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 204p
AB  - The Whittier Access Project was completed in 2000. One phase of the project was to convert the 2.5 mile long Anton Anderson Memorial Tunnel (Whittier Tunnel) into the world’s only dual-use highway/railroad tunnel with one way reversible highway traffic. This unique project incorporated many elements that had never been used before in tunnels. The primary objective of this research project is to identify the problems affecting the train signal and the unique rail systems and drainage. The problems identified during the tunnel evaluation included: 1) progressive failure of the train signal system; 2) subsurface drainage; 3) drainage from the tunnel crown; 4) settlement of invert panels; 5) cracks in the precast concrete panels; 6) possible corrosion of the rail/panel connections, and 7) possible corrosion of the rebar in the invert panels. This report recommends the development of three CIP projects to extend the performance life of the tunnel: 1) Replace Track Circuit System (TCS) with an axle counter system for train detection in the Whittier Tunnel; 2) Drainage Improvements to install additional water control systems in the tunnel crown and modifications to the existing water control system; and 3) Invert Panel Preservation Project to replace the asphalt in the rail insert.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Automatic train location
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Precast concrete
KW  - Railroad signals
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Track panels
KW  - Tunnels
UR  - http://www.dot.state.ak.us/stwddes/research/assets/pdf/fhwa_ak_rd_14_06.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329347
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541476
AU  - Salama, Paul
AU  - Lubinsky, Adam
AU  - Kraft, Kevin
AU  - Lipson, Paul
AU  - Torres, Luis
AU  - Roy, Bryan
AU  - Windover, Paul
AU  - WXY architecture + urban design
AU  - Barretto Bay Strategies
AU  - Energetics Incorporated
AU  - New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - New York City Green Loading Zones Study
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 112p
AB  - The purpose of this study is to examine the impact and potential benefits of Green Loading Zones (GLZs)—a policy solution to incentivize further electric truck adoption with the creation of curbside loading zones that are exclusively available to zero-emission commercial vehicles. An examination of the policy’s viability requires understanding the GLZ’s fit within: (1) Policy and regulation applicable to New York City (government), (2) The demands of fleets employing electric delivery trucks (market), and (3) Existing and future technology applications that can enable electric truck deliveries (innovation). This report, which provides analysis of GLZ’s utility, benefit, and viability, seeks to define, through analysis and case studies, the potential for implementation and guidelines to ensure success.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Electric trucks
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Loading and unloading
KW  - New York (New York)
KW  - Parking
KW  - Policy, legislation and regulation
KW  - Urban goods movement
KW  - Vehicle fleets
UR  - http://www.nyserda.ny.gov/-/media/Files/Publications/Research/Transportation/New-York-City-Green-Loading-Zones-Study.pdf
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-13-52%20Final%20Report_7-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324909
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541436
AU  - Zeng, Yun
AU  - Cook, Pam
AU  - Attoh-Okine, Nii
AU  - University of Delaware, Newark
AU  - University of Delaware, Newark
AU  - Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Delaware Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Mathematical and Experimental Investigations of Modeling, Simulation and Experiment to Promote the Life-Cycle of Polymer Modified Asphalt
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 16p
AB  - The formulation of constitutive equations for asphaltic pavement is based on rheological models which include the asphalt mixture, additives, and the bitumen. In terms of the asphalt, the rheology addresses the flow and permanent deformation in time, under different temperatures, and under different loading conditions. Currently, there are various laboratory methods used to determine the rheological parameters of the asphalt. Unfortunately, most of these tests are conducted in the linear viscoelastic region, therefore the true picture of asphalt during in-service has not been fully investigated. Furthermore there are quite few polymer-modified asphalts that have been used. The mathematical models needed to formulate and model these materials are limited. This study attempts to develop a mathematical approach to the modeling of polymer modified asphalt which is applicable in pavement design.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Flow measurement
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Polymer asphalt
KW  - Rheological properties
KW  - Rheology
KW  - Simulation
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-010-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1325171
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539700
AU  - Bullough, John D
AU  - Radetsky, Leora C
AU  - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
AU  - New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Sustainable Roadway Lighting Seminar
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 60p
AB  - The objective of this project was to develop and conduct a half-day educational seminar on sustainable  roadway lighting at three locations within New York State: Rochester, New York City, and Albany.  Primary attendees were engineers from the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), and individuals from local municipalities, electric utilities and engineering firms also attended. Topics covered in the seminar included: roadway lighting basics, roadway lighting technologies, visibility and safety, economics and benefit/cost analyses, and new approaches to roadway lighting including ecoluminance, pedestrian crosswalk lighting, mesopic vision and brightness appearance. The seminar was received favorably by participants at each location. The present report summarizes the educational material presented in the seminar for use by engineers at NYSDOT and other organizations interested in energy-efficient roadway lighting.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Crosswalks
KW  - Education and training
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Luminance
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Street lighting
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Visibility
KW  - Workshops
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-13-05%20Final%20Report_July%202014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324783
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01538437
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Redmon, Tamara
TI  - Clearing a Path for Pedestrians
PY  - 2014/07
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) recently released the Guide for Maintaining Pedestrian Facilities for Enhanced Safety, which provides recommendations for maintaining pedestrian facilities, with the primary goals of increasing safety and mobility. The guide is intended for any organization that builds and maintains pedestrian facilities. The focus of the guide is on sidewalks and walkways, but it also covers curb ramps, signs, shared-use paths, crosswalks, and signals. Many agencies have difficulties with maintenance once facilities are constructed. Though maintenance is key for safety, many agencies lack dedicated funding for sidewalk repair and monitoring of facilities. The guide offers suggestions for alternative sources of funding.
KW  - Financing
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Pedestrian areas
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14julaug/03.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324088
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01538418
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Julien, Tiffany
AU  - Kehoe, Nicholas
TI  - Shaping the Future of Freight
PY  - 2014/07
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
AB  - The use of freight transportation is growing in the United States. Meeting the demand for the movement of goods requires a number of components to work together. Plans and policies that influence freight are developed by public sector agencies, but the system is mostly used by the private sector. A lack of cooperation between the public and private sectors has led to inefficiencies in the sharing of information. In order to develop comprehensive freight plans and policies, the public sector must have an understanding of how and where goods move through the supply chain. Private companies often keep this information proprietary to stay competitive. The public sector has developed and implemented freight advisory committees that can help improve the condition and performance of the freight network.
KW  - Committees
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Governments
KW  - Planning
KW  - Policy
KW  - Private enterprise
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14julaug/04.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324089
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01538406
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Rubin, Dennis L
AU  - Vásconez, Kimberly C
TI  - Living in the Line of Duty
PY  - 2014/07
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
AB  - As part of the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) enhanced its Traffic Incident Management (TIM) program, including supporting the development of a training course by the Transportation Research Board. The SHRP2 National Traffic Incident Management Responder Training program began in 2007. As TIM training spreads around the United States, the FHWA expects the number of injuries and fatalities for emergency responders and traffic workers in the line of duty will be reduced with the eventual goal of being eliminated. Eventually all responders will participate in TIM training.
KW  - Emergency management
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
KW  - Traffic incidents
KW  - Training programs
KW  - Transportation Research Board
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14julaug/05.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324090
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01538399
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Amjadi, Roya
AU  - Merritt, David
AU  - Sherwood, James
TI  - Gaining Traction on Roadway Safety
PY  - 2014/07
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
AB  - Increasing pavement friction can prevent or minimize crashes on wet pavement. Friction reduces the possibility of skidding. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) pioneered a study in 2011 with 17 volunteer states. The Evaluations of Low-Cost Safety Improvements Pooled Fund Study used crash data to measure the safety performance of pavement treatments. The researchers developed crash modification factors and benefit-cost ratios for nine pavement treatments, examining their potential in reducing the frequency and severity of lane departure crashes. The study can help highway agencies consider the costs and benefits when selecting a pavement treatment.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Friction
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Skidding
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14julaug/01.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324086
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01538380
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Kolle, Greg A
TI  - A Labor of Love
PY  - 2014/07
VL  - 78
IS  - 1
AB  - The new San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge opened to traffic in September of 2013. Planning for the bridge had begun over two decades ago when a span of the old bridge failed during an earthquake. Known locally as the Bay Bridge, the bridge used seismic technology to retrofit the west side of the bridge, and a new east span was constructed. The east span construction began in 2002, taking over a decade to complete. The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) worked with help from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in order to design a bridge that could ensure seismic safety to the 280,000 travelers who use it a day.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridges
KW  - California Department of Transportation
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Oakland (California)
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - San Francisco (California)
KW  - San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14julaug/02.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324087
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538247
AU  - Boyle, Linda
AU  - Cordahi, Gustave
AU  - Grabenstein, Katie
AU  - Madi, Marwan
AU  - Miller, Erika
AU  - Silberman, Paul
AU  - Booz Allen Hamilton
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effectiveness of Safety and Public Service Announcement Messages on Dynamic Message Signs
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 92p
AB  - This report assesses the usefulness and effectiveness of safety and public service announcement (PSA)  messages through surveys conducted in four urban areas in the United States: Chicago, Illinois; Houston,  Texas; Orlando, Florida; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The surveys were designed to specifically address the types of safety and PSA messages for each respective city. A total of 2,088 survey responses were received and analyzed. The report further captures findings and recommendations based on the analysis of the survey responses.
KW  - Chicago (Illinois)
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Houston (Texas)
KW  - Messages (Communications)
KW  - Orlando (Florida)
KW  - Philadelphia (Pennsylvania)
KW  - Public service announcements
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Variable message signs
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14015/fhwahop14028.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322299
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538159
AU  - Islam, A K M Anwarul
AU  - Li, Frank
AU  - Hamid, Hiwa
AU  - Jaroo, Amer
AU  - Youngstown State University
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bridge Condition Assessment and Load Rating using Dynamic Response
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 128p
AB  - This report describes a method for the overall condition assessment and load rating of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges based on their dynamic response collected through wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to a large inventory of deficient and aging bridges in the United States, the health monitoring of bridges can be very expensive; therefore, new tools for quick, efficient and response-based condition assessment and load rating of bridges will be helpful. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the health of a bridge is associated with its vibration signatures under vehicular loads. Two WSNs were deployed on a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds, and its dynamic response was collected at the current condition. The acceleration response of the bridge at its newest condition was collected from dynamic simulations of its full-scale finite element analysis (FEA) models mimicking field conditions. The FEA bridge model was validated by the field testing and numerical analysis. The acceleration data in time domain were transformed into frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform to determine peak amplitudes and corresponding fundamental frequencies for the newest and current conditions. The analyses and comparisons of the bridge dynamic response between the newest and the current bridge interestingly indicate a 37% reduction in its fundamental frequency over 25 years of service life. This frequency reduction is linked to the reduction in condition rating of  the current bridge. The analysis data, bridge structural dynamics and bridge geometric parameters have been used to calculate the in-service stiffness of the bridge to estimate its load bearing capacity. Using the results and algorithms from this research, application software is developed to instantly estimate the overall condition rating and load bearing capacity of a PSBB bridge under vehicular loads. The research outcome and the software will help in performing quick and cost-effective condition assessment and load rating of PSBB bridges, and may provide a better ability to plan replacements and develop load ratings.
KW  - Box beams
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Load factor
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Prestressed concrete bridges
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Service life
KW  - Software
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Vibration
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/890934925/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322649
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01536623
AU  - Bucci, Gregory
AU  - Morton, Tom
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Woodward Communications
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Cell Phone Data and Travel Behavior Research: Symposium Summary Report
PY  - 2014/07
SP  - 30p
AB  - This report summarizes the key themes from a symposium held on February 12, 2014, to discuss opportunities and challenges using cellular location data for national travel behavior analysis. Participants discussed the availability of cellular data and the common types of licensing agreements; applications of  cellular data and how it can be leveraged; fusion of cellular data in terms of merging it with other data sources; and validation of cellular data to determine accurate and meaningful results. Particular focal points included applications and limitations of land-use models and data, and using surveys in conjunction with  cellular location data to facilitate accuracy and precision.
U1  - Cell Phone Data and Travel Behavior Research SymposiumFederal Highway AdministrationTransportation Research BoardWashington,DC,United States StartDate:20140212 EndDate:20140212 Sponsors:Federal Highway Administration, Transportation Research Board
KW  - Cellular telephones
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data fusion
KW  - Location
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Validation
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14060/14060.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52700/52748/14060.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320972
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535802
AU  - Agrawal, Anil K
AU  - Liu, Huabei
AU  - Stewart, Jonathan
AU  - Wang, Hongfan
AU  - Han, Yuzhen
AU  - Imbsen, Roy
AU  - Abrahams, Michael
AU  - City College of New York
AU  - New York City Department of Transportation
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Verification/Development of Seismic Design Specifications for Downstate Zone
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 104p
AB  - The New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) Seismic Design Guidelines Report was  updated in September 2008 by Weidlinger Associates to reflect current state-of-the-art knowledge. The  NYCDOT seismic design guidelines are for use in the Downstate Zone which consists of New York City,  Rockland County, Westchester County and Nassau County. New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) has adopted the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Seismic Design Specifications for the Upstate Zone. The NYCDOT Seismic Design Guidelines Report (September 2008) proposed for use in the Downstate Zone has some key differences with the current AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. The main objectives of this project has been to (1) carry out an independent assessment of the proposed NYCDOT Seismic Design Guidelines Report (September 2008) by evaluating the methodology and assumptions used in the development of the report and by critically commenting on the results of the report, (2) determine If the methodology and assumptions used are acceptable, (3) determine the effects of the NYCDOT Seismic Design Guidelines Report by developing examples of critical and essential bridges for soil types A to E showing comparisons of NYCDOT and AASHTO LRFD spectra curves (4) estimate the design and construction cost differences using NYCDOT and AASHTO LRFD Guide Specifications for the seismic design of bridges and (5) develop New York State Blue Pages to be used with both the AASHTO  LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and the AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge  Design. Numerous changes in the NYCDOT seismic design guidelines have been proposed and incorporated. Recommendations for future improvement of the guideline have also been provided.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Costs
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Methodology
KW  - New York (New York)
KW  - New York City Department of Transportation
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Seismic-Design-Specificiation.pdf?utm_source=10-13-15+Final+Reports&utm_campaign=07-06-14+PR-Final+Reports&utm_medium=email
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-09-04%20Final%20Report_7-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320456
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01535801
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - El-Gohary, Nora
AU  - El-Rayes, Khaled
AU  - Liu, Liang
AU  - Lv, Xuan
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Incorporating NEPA into IDOT and MPO Planning Processes
PY  - 2014/07
IS  - 14-017
SP  - 392p
AB  - This report summarizes the tasks and findings of the ICT Project R27-132 Incorporating National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) into Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) planning processes, which is aimed at assisting IDOT in defining guidelines on how to integrate NEPA into the current IDOT and MPO planning processes for large-scale highway projects. The objectives of the project are to (1) provide a comprehensive review of literature of practices integrating NEPA into transportation planning processes in other states; (2) gather feedback from inter- and intra-departmental staff involved in the IDOT planning process, the MPO planning process, and the NEPA process to evaluate the existing practices of integrating NEPA into transportation planning processes for large highway projects; (3) evaluate the impact of these practices on the project development process; (4) identify (based on 1, 2, and 3 above) the key elements/practices that are needed to successfully integrate NEPA into IDOT and MPO planning processes for large-scale highway projects; (5) develop a Guidance Document on how to integrate NEPA into IDOT and MPO planning processes for large-scale highway projects; and provide recommendations on how to evaluate the integrated process. The implementation of this Guidance Document by MPOs would be voluntary. To achieve these objectives, the research team conducted seven main tasks: (1) literature review; (2) collecting project data for analysis as case  studies; (3) conducting interviews for evaluating potential integration practices; (4) analyzing the results of the literature review, case studies, and expert interviews; (5) developing the proposed Integrated IDOT-MPO-NEPA Planning Process; (6) conducting interviews for evaluating the proposed integrated process; and (7) developing the Guidance Document.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Highways
KW  - Illinois Department of Transportation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - National Environmental Policy Act
KW  - Project management
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - States
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3133
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320448
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535728
AU  - Finley, Melisa D
AU  - Jenkins, Jacqueline
AU  - McAvoy, Deborah
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Ohio Work Zone Speed Zones Process
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 96p
AB  - This report describes the methodology and results of analyses performed to determine the effectiveness of Ohio Department of Transportation processes for establishing work zone speed zones. Researchers observed motorists’ speed choice upstream of and adjacent to various work zone conditions used to justify reduced speed limits in work zones. Researchers also observed speed choice upstream and within variable work zone speed zones. Based on previous research and the results of the studies documented herein, researchers made recommendations regarding appropriate speed limit reductions for shoulder activity, lane shifts, lane closures, and median crossovers. Researchers also recommended the expanded use of variable work zone speed zones.
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Speed control
KW  - Speed limits
KW  - Speed zones
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Variable speed limits
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/885265307/viewonline
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52400/52457/134716_FR.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1318708
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535713
AU  - Mallia, Mary Ellen
AU  - Simpson, Kyle
AU  - State University of New York, Albany
AU  - New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Wireless Global Positioning System Fleet Tracking System at the University at Albany
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 34p
AB  - This report provides an overview of the project undertaken at the University at Albany to make alternative transportation a more viable option by implementing a global positioning system (GPS) Tracking System on the University bus fleet and broadcasting the bus locations to commuters via the internet and a “smart phone” application. According to a survey administered by the University, students and faculty identified  convenience as the number one barrier to taking the bus. In line with its commitment to environmental sustainability, University at Albany wished to increase mass transit ridership by making it more convenient and predictable, thus favorably impacting commuting patterns. This report details the successes and challenges of the project, focusing on lessons learned and suggestions for future projects of a similar nature.
KW  - Bus transit operations
KW  - Campus transportation
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Ridership
KW  - Smartphones
KW  - Universities and colleges
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-11-12%20Final%20Report%20July%202014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320455
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535657
AU  - Schmidt, Arthur R
AU  - Wang, Kexuan
AU  - William, Reshmina
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Illinois Drainage Law Related to Highways and Adjacent Landowners
PY  - 2014/07
SP  - 57p
AB  - The purpose of this document is to inform landowners, highway authorities, and other interested parties about general legal principles related to drainage and drainage improvements. This may allow them to recognize situations where their legal rights have been compromised or where their actions may jeopardize the legal rights of others. The scope of this document is generally limited to Illinois common and statutory drainage law. Some federal laws are discussed where they have a significant impact on drainage issues in Illinois. Likewise, a small number of case precedents from outside of Illinois are discussed where they may have an impact on drainage issues in Illinois. The scope of this document also is generally limited to drainage topics that are related in some manner to highway drainage, those that may impact highway drainage or design, or that fall under the regulatory umbrella of the Illinois Department of Transportation.  
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Highways
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Landowners
KW  - Laws
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3165
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320032
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534774
AU  - Gibbons, Ronald
AU  - Guo, Feng
AU  - Medina, Alejandra
AU  - Terry, Travis
AU  - Du, Jianhe
AU  - Lutkevich, Paul
AU  - Li, Qing
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design Criteria for Adaptive Roadway Lighting
PY  - 2014/07
SP  - 72p
AB  - This report provides the background and analysis used to develop criteria for the implementation of an adaptive lighting system for roadway lighting. Based on the analysis of crashes and lighting performance, a series of criteria and the associated design levels have been developed to provide an approach for light level selection and the adjustability of the light level based on the needs of the driving environment. The data, the analysis, and the developed methodology are all considered in the document.
KW  - Adaptive lighting
KW  - Crash analysis
KW  - Design
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Street lighting
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/14051/14051.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320000
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534710
AU  - Romo, Alicia
AU  - Mejia, Builes
AU  - Yang, C Y David
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Utilizing Various Data Sources for Surface Transportation Human Factors Research: Workshop Summary Report, November 6-7, 2013
PY  - 2014/07//Summary Report
SP  - 68p
AB  - The report summarizes a 2-day workshop held on November 6-7, 2013, to discuss data sources for surface transportation human factors research.  The workshop was designed to assess the increasing number of different datasets and multiple ways of collecting data that can be used to increase understanding of human errors.  Participants discussed how to resolve the controversies among different datasets and how to choose the best datasets for particular applications.  Expert speakers shared their research experience of using various datasets from sources such as driving simulators, field studies and field operational tests, and naturalistic driving studies.  The expert panel identified several potential research topics to address the challenges that must be overcome to integrate data from multiple sources.
KW  - Automatic data collection systems
KW  - Data files
KW  - Data integration
KW  - Data sources
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Driving simulators
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Ground transportation
KW  - Human factors
KW  - Research
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14077/14077.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52700/52749/14077.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1319869
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532326
AU  - Strong, Kelly
AU  - Valdes-Vasques, Rodolfo
AU  - Colorado State University, Fort Collins
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - CDOT Rapid Debris Removal Research Project
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 54p
AB  - Highway debris represents a traffic safety problem that requires a prompt response from state or local transportation agencies. The most common practice for debris removal currently is for agency personnel to leave their vehicles and remove the debris by hand in the case of large debris (tires, lumber, freight loss, rock fall) or to sweep traveled lanes, shoulders, or intersections in the case of crashes, mechanical failure, or embankment erosion. This exposes agency workers to safety risks, especially on high-speed and/or high-volume roadways. Currently, the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) has no widely distributed formal guidelines for safely and effectively removing debris from the roadway. Equipment modifications and innovations have been developed that can remove debris from highways without exposing agency workers to moving traffic. Innovative equipment has been introduced to the market which allows  for high-speed debris removal, such as the Gator Getter®. Through a combination of field observations, interviews with CDOT personnel, equipment manufacturers, and other state departments of transportation (DOTs), the research concluded that the Gator Getter is very effective for collecting tire treads on smooth  (asphalt) pavements where operating speeds can be maintained above 45 MPH. The effectiveness of the Gator Getter decreases when operating speeds drop below 45 MPH and on rougher pavements such as shoulders or tined concrete pavements. Both the safety and effectiveness decline when the Gator Getter is used on mixed debris, scattered or longitudinal debris, and low visibility conditions. The Gator Getter should not be used on segmented pavements, bridge decks, or railroad tracks, and should not be used to collect rocks, concrete fragments, or metal objects. The Gator Getter is recommended for use in clearing tire debris from smooth asphalt roadways in locations where speeds can be maintained above 45 MPH.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Debris removal
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Maintenance equipment
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/debris.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52400/52454/2014-9.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317708
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532324
AU  - Osmum, Richard
AU  - Bui, Hoang H
AU  - Outcalt, Skip
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Accelerated Bridge Construction Utilizing Precast Pier Caps on State Highway 69 Over Turkey Creek, Huerfano County, CO
PY  - 2014/07
SP  - 46p
AB  - The purpose of this report is to document Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) techniques on IBRD  (Innovative Bridge Research and Development) project 102470 for the construction of Bridge N-16-Q  on State Highway 69 over Turkey Creek. The construction work was done on project FBR 069A-022,  PC 15772, and was completed in July of 2011. During the course of the project, participants were able  to: (1) develop a design methodology, (2) develop universal details, and (3) demonstrate how fast the bridge could be constructed using this technique. The project demonstrated faster pier erection by utilizing precast pier caps to eliminate concrete cure time from the critical path in the construction schedule.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge piers
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Precast concrete
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/abc.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52170/2014-8.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317707
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532317
AU  - Perkins, Melody A
AU  - Goldbaum, Jay E
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Years to First Rehabilitation of Superpave Hot Mix Asphalt
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 89p
AB  - The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) spends more than 30 percent of its annual construction and maintenance budget on pavements, so pavements need to be properly designed using an analytical process with accurate design inputs. A pavement design needs to be performed during the early phase of project development to estimate and establish the project cost. The performance life of the initial pavement design and associated rehabilitations greatly impact the life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) used to determine the most cost-effective final pavement design. Currently, due to lack of actual data, an assumption of the expected life of an asphalt pavement is often being made. Thus, a precise initial pavement life span is essential for developing a reliable forecasting model and an accurate LCCA. This study evaluated the performance of four roadway functional classes utilized by CDOT: interstates, principal arterials, minor arterials, and major collectors. Performance was evaluated with respect to smoothness, permanent  deformation, fatigue cracking, transverse cracking, and longitudinal cracking. The purpose of this study was to quantify the initial design life of a roadway’s pavement prior to rehabilitation and provide specific performance information through the analysis of pavement management data and historical experience. The analyzed data may be used to estimate the initial life of a pavement which can be incorporated into  the LCCA within CDOT’s mechanistic-empirical (M-E) Pavement Design Guide. It will also provide guidance to CDOT and subcontractors in determining the cost-effectiveness of different pavement designs, construction and maintenance costs.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Service life
KW  - Smoothness
KW  - Superpave
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/superpave.pdg/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52400/52455/2014-10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317709
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532315
AU  - Gautreau, Gavin P
AU  - Hanifa, Khalil I
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of Slag Stabilized Blended Calcium Sulfate (BCS) in a Pavement Structure
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 133p
AB  - This research project was the field implementation follow up to laboratory research conducted at Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC). The research met a need and benefited District 61 staff by allowing an alternative to the removal and replacement of the old, non-standard blended calcium sulfate (BCS) found on site. The researchers used the previous research to draft, finalize, approve, and implement specifications to allow for the stabilization of BCS with ground granulated blast furnace slag grade 120 (slag) on the shoulders of US 61 just south of LA 22 in Sorrento, Louisiana. Two specifications were used. The first addressed the inplace stabilization of BCS with slag. The second specification addressed a market-driven implementation of the research, specifically the applicability of Honeywell’s “fines” material treated with slag in a pugmill for use as base material. The researchers worked with Honeywell, District 61 staff, and the contractor to design a plan for the test sections. The partnership with Honeywell and its contractor, Brown Industries and their investment (financial & reputation) toward the project benefited the research. The four test sections were constructed and gained strength over time. The Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD), Dynaflect, Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP), and field cores confirmed the increase in strength over time. Stabilizing old, non-standard BCS inplace, provided a cost benefit of $15.5/s.y., which realized a saving of $55,000 for the test sections. The use of BCS within Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD) as a base course material can be supplemented with the addition of a slag-stabilized BCS (inplace and pugmilled). Researchers recommend the use of slag stabilization in BCS encountered during forensic or rehabilitation operations as a cost effective way to deal with these areas of old, non-standard BCS. The design slag percentages should verified with laboratory testing and then increased slightly to account for spreading inconsistencies, and increased surface areas of old, non-standard BCS or new Honeywell “fines” material. The original 08-3GT research proved that Slag-stabilization of BCS can reduce moisture sensitivity of BCS. A secondary benefit was that the slag-BCS reaction reduced the likelihood of expansive reactions, as compared to mixing BCS with cement. The pug-mill process is a way to balance the construction moisture of the mixture to create the slag/BCS reaction without excess moisture that may cause pumping. Further refinements to the pugmill plant process are necessary to ensure consistency. This research also offered DOTD another base course alternative that addresses the “Green” philosophy and market need to dispose of BCS. The researchers recommend that care, including site selection and specific testing with onsite materials, be used in selecting sites for the application and implementation of this research.
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Calcium sulfates
KW  - Dynaflect
KW  - Dynamic Cone Penetrometer
KW  - Falling weight deflectometers
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Pug mills
KW  - Slag
KW  - Stabilized materials
KW  - Test sections
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_516.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317290
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532309
AU  - Gharaibeh, Nasir G
AU  - Narciso, Paul
AU  - Cha, Youngkwon
AU  - Oh, Jeongho
AU  - Menendez, Jose Rafael
AU  - Dessouky, Samer
AU  - Wimsatt, Andrew
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Methodology to Support the Development of 4-year Pavement Management Plan
PY  - 2014/07//Technical Report
SP  - 142p
AB  - A methodology for forming and prioritizing pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) projects was developed. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) can use this methodology to generate defensible and cost-effective 4-year pavement management plans (PMPs). The developed methodology was implemented in a web-based software tool for evaluation by TxDOT personnel. This tool can potentially be used in the future by TxDOT to generate 4-year PMPs for individual districts and the statewide network. Key components of this methodology are: (1) methods for grouping data collection sections into pavement management sections (potential M&R projects), (2) pavement performance prediction models, (3) methods for measuring performance benefits and life-cycle costs of alternative M&R types and projects, (4) a method for prioritizing competing M&R projects using an incremental benefits-cost analysis, and (5) analysis of the impact of funding scenarios on network condition throughout the planning period. Projects are prioritized considering multiple factors that are deemed important by TxDOT’s districts. These factors and their importance weights were identified using a web-based survey of TxDOT’s districts. The methodology was  tested and validated for Bryan, Fort Worth, and Lubbock Districts. The results highlight the potential of the developed methodology to improve pavement management planning by incorporating district priorities, producing cost-effective pavement management plans, and providing insights into the impact of these plans on the network condition.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Software
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6683-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317303
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530909
AU  - West, Randy C
AU  - Willis, J Richard
AU  - National Center for Asphalt Technology
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Case Studies on Successful Utilization of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Recycled Asphalt Shingles
in Asphalt Pavements
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 36p
AB  - Over the past decade, the rapid cost escalation of raw materials used in highway construction has affected the ability of highway and road agencies to maintain their existing pavement system. A common strategy among many highway agencies to offset rising materials costs is to utilize more recycled materials in pavements, particularly Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Recycled Asphalt Shingles (RAS). Effective utilization of these and other recycled materials in pavements is also consistent with the desire to use more sustainable construction practices in the transportation infrastructure. This report describes the development of specifications and practices of a few state highway agencies that have successfully used RAP and RAS. With regard to RAP usage, the Florida Department of Transportation’s (FDOT's) and the Ohio Department of Transportation’s (Ohio DOT's) programs are highlighted. In Florida, over 75% of all mixes produced for DOT projects contain RAP, with an average RAP content of 22%. The FDOT has found RAP mixes to perform very well. The Ohio DOT also has a long history of recycling	asphalt. Like most	states, Ohio allows higher RAP contents in lower pavement layers, but allows 5% more RAP when a contractor meets additional processing requirements. Missouri and Texas are leading states in the development of specifications and practices for asphalt mixes containing RAS. Missouri Department of Transportation's (MoDOT’s) effort led to the use of finer grind RAS. Texas and Missouri were among the first states to allow post-consumer RAS in asphalt mixes. Texas has also developed stringent deleterious materials requirements for RAS.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Florida Department of Transportation
KW  - Missouri Department of Transportation
KW  - Ohio Department of Transportation
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Specifications
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - http://www.ncat.us/files/reports/2014/rep14-06.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316032
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530868
AU  - DeVries, Lyle
AU  - Hersey, Steven
AU  - Tesfaye, Alazar
AU  - Reeves, David
AU  - Felsburg Holt & Ullevig
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Full Closure Strategic Analysis
PY  - 2014/07//Final Report
SP  - 73p
AB  - The full closure strategic analysis was conducted to create a decision process whereby full roadway  closures for construction and maintenance activities can be evaluated and approved or denied by Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) Traffic personnel. This study reviewed current full closure practices in Colorado and throughout the country, gathered stakeholder input, and employed an iterative development process to reach a systematic decision tool that can be applied to judging the merits of full closure scenarios. A number of case studies were created to more fully understand the methodology and adjust the tool to best match real-world scenarios. Project deliverables include a technical report and a series of electronic forms that can be used by CDOT to work through the process. Currently, CDOT Staff considers full closure opportunities on a case-by-case basis, applying engineering judgment and various factors to weigh the decision. This analysis provides a uniform decision process that CDOT Staff can use to efficiently and effectively evaluate and approve full closures. Use of the decision tool is anticipated to broaden the consideration and use of full closures for highway work and ensure that they are successfully implemented.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Colorado Department of Transportation
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Lane closure
KW  - Stakeholders
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/closures.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52147/2014-7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315567
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577840
TI  - Climate Change Adaption Scan

AB  - This project will cover Gulf Coast Study Phase II.

KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Gulf Coast (United States)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371003
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543624
TI  - Communications Guidelines for State Departments of Transportation
AB  - The communications function is crucial to a transportation department's ability to clearly and effectively express its mission, vision, and goals to policy makers, elected officials, the media, and the general public. Effective communications can influence public support and customer satisfaction and enhance the image of transportation as an important public service. In times of financial constraints, a department of transportation (DOT) must be able to communicate the costs of providing essential services and the consequences of funding reductions. When faced with traffic congestion, construction delays, special events, or serious weather conditions, a DOT needs to communicate quickly and effectively with its customers. The expansion of new tools, such as social media and electronic communication, has radically enhanced a DOT's ability to communicate directly with its customer base. Effective communication within the DOT is equally important, so that all staff understand and are able to communicate the organization's mission and activities in a clear and consistent manner. While many DOTs have strong communications functions, there is a need for a comprehensive set of user-friendly guidelines and resources that can be used by all DOTs to establish, maintain, and enhance a high-quality communications program. The objective of this research is to create guidelines to help state DOTs more effectively and efficiently communicate the challenges, opportunities, and day-to-day operations of state DOTs. It is expected that the guidelines will be accompanied by resources such as templates, case studies, examples, graphics, and other tools to illustrate the strategies and practices that have been or may be used successfully by transportation agencies. The guidelines should provide assistance to a transportation agency in determining: (1) The appropriate role, purpose, and importance of the communications function in a state DOT; (2) How the communications functions should be organizationally structured, coordinated, and aligned with agency leadership; (3) How to scale the communications functions to suit agencies of varying size, budget, and organizational structure while retaining effectiveness; (4) Communications staff competencies, skill sets, training, continuing education, and effective hiring practices; (5) Appropriate training and internal communications to ensure that all DOT staff understand their roles in communicating appropriately and consistently as representatives of the agency; (6) When and how should a DOT develop a communications plan; how to align the communications plan with the agency's goals and mission; (7) How to define and segment target audiences; (8) How to select appropriate communications strategies and tools (including traditional and social media as well as innovative approaches): the advantages, disadvantages, appropriate use, and target audience of each; (9) How to manage customer-service expectations; (10) Challenges and constraints in communicating internally and externally and how these have been addressed successfully by various transportation agencies; (11) How to develop or select performance measures to evaluate the effectiveness of the internal and external communications function; (12) What lessons can be learned from sectors outside transportation, based on current trends and research regarding communications, marketing, public relations, and behavioral and cognitive science; (13) Under what circumstances and for what functions is it appropriate to supplement in-house communications staff with consultants; and (14) Additional information and resources aimed at communications professionals by including a compendium of relevant publications, training programs, websites, public and private companies, and trade associations.
KW  - Cognition
KW  - Communication systems
KW  - Customer satisfaction
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Social media
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Weather conditions
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3667
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331577
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543538
TI  - Underwater Installation of Filters Systems for Scour and Other Erosion Control Countermeasures
AB  - The ongoing occurrence of stream channel migration and scour are often cited as the leading cause of bridge and other failures in the United States. The growing need for techniques to control stream instability and scour occurrences have spawned considerable research on the benefits of various types of hydraulic countermeasures and a number of publications have been written, including the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA's) HEC 23 Bridge Scour and Stream Instability Countermeasures Experience, Selection, and Design Guidance, that provide guidance on the applicability and design of different countermeasure types. A necessary component found in many countermeasure designs is the provision of a filter between the countermeasure and the underlying soil. While the countermeasure protects the soil from the shear stresses that erode the soil particles, a filter has been found to be necessary to prevent the removal of soil particles through the voids and cracks in the countermeasure structure. Installations that do not include a filter often slow down the scour process but ultimately the removal of supporting soil particles results in an undermining and failure of the countermeasure. Geotextiles have become the filter of choice for most designers but granular filters are also possible. The current technical guidance on countermeasure design includes recommendations for either a geotextile or a granular filter to be placed under the countermeasure. However there is little guidance to construction personnel on actual installation techniques when installing a filter under water. Through interviews conducted in FHWA hydraulic program reviews of state departments of transportation (DOTs) and from technical assistance calls from bridge owners, it has become apparent that few countermeasure installations in water actually include a filter as shown on the design plans and as recommended in the technical guidance publications. The most common reasons given for this omission of a filter have been due to constructability issues or environmental concerns. DOT construction and maintenance personnel along with general contractors, who perform the countermeasure installations, have not been educated on how countermeasures function and the value of an underlying filter. Without this knowledge of the function of a properly installed filter, involved personnel have often eliminated underwater filters instead of developing creative techniques for the filter installation. Similarly, the designer may not recognize the importance of addressing constructability and environmental concerns when selecting a filter system. Since an appropriate filter is an essential component of countermeasure armoring systems, this practice must be corrected immediately if these systems are to function as designed. As such, research on filter selection, design, and installation techniques for scour and erosion countermeasure systems in various underwater conditions is warranted. The objective of this research is to develop specific guidance for design, construction, and maintenance personnel on the function of filters and their installation. The research should consider various depths and velocities of stream flow for placing geotextiles and granular filters under countermeasures.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Geotextiles
KW  - Scour
KW  - Soil particles
KW  - Streamflow
KW  - United States
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3671
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331135
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541486
AU  - Winkelbauer, Bradley J
AU  - Putjenter, Joseph G
AU  - Rosenbaugh, Scott K
AU  - Lechtenberg, Karla A
AU  - Bielenberg, Robert W
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Dynamic Evaluation of MGS Stiffness Transition with Curb
PY  - 2014/06/30/Final Report
SP  - 294p
AB  - A W-beam to thrie beam stiffness transition with a 4-in. (102-mm) tall concrete curb was developed to connect the 31-in. (787-mm) Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) to a previously-approved thrie beam approach guardrail bridge transition system. This stiffness transition was configured with standard steel posts that are commonly used by several State Departments of Transportation. The toe of a 4-in. (102-mm) tall sloped concrete curb was placed flush with the backside face of the guardrail and extended the length of the transition region. Three full-scale crash tests were conducted according to the Test Level 3 (TL-3) safety standards provided in American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials' (AASHTO’s) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH). During the first test, MASH test no. 3-20, the 1100C small car extended and wedged under the rail and contacted posts while traversing the curb. Subsequently, the W-beam rail ruptured at a splice location. A repeat of MASH test no. 3-20 was performed on an updated design which used a 12-ft 6-in. (3.81-m) long, nested W-beam rail segment upstream from the W-beam to thrie beam transition element. The 1100C small car was successfully contained and redirected. During MASH test no. 3-21, a 2270P pickup truck was successfully contained and redirected. Following the crash testing program, the system was deemed acceptable according to the Test Level 3 (TL-3) safety performance criteria specified in MASH.
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Curbs
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Midwest Guardrail System
KW  - Stiffness
KW  - Thrie beams
UR  - http://www.transportation.nebraska.gov/mat-n-tests/pdfs-docs/ARLinks/TRP-03-291-14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326375
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538116
AU  - Stewart, Barry R
AU  - Bradford, T J
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Short Statured Species for Rapid Establishment on Mississippi Roadsides
PY  - 2014/06/30/Final Report
SP  - 68p
AB  - In an attempt to combat the issue of nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has started to enforce different areas of the Clean Water Act of 1972 by requiring construction sites to have 70% vegetative cover in 30 days. The main goal of this research is to identify mixes of warm and cool‐season plants that establish quickly. A secondary objective is to identify those species that provide good quality and dense cover that will require minimal maintenance while stabilizing disturbed soils.  One question that must be answered is 30 days from planting or first significant rainfall.  Among warm season species bermudagrass and bahiagrass were found to establish well but failed to reach 70% cover in 30 days. Among cool season species turf type tall fescue was one perennial species that established well but not rapidly enough, its height remained less than 100 mm for much of the growing season and never exceeded 100 cm. Oil seed radish showed great promise as a year round nurse crop that established quickly. Sods of hybrid bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, and centipedegrass all provided instant cover that has lasted more than 2 years.
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Ground cover
KW  - Landscape maintenance
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20234%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Short%20Statured%20Species%20for%20Rapid%20Establishment%20on%20Mississippi%20Roadsides.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322300
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577464
TI  - Transportation System Performance Measurement Using Existing Loop Infrastructure (102-FH2-005) SBIR Phase II

AB  - Phase II: Utilize loop amplifier electronics to analyze duration of pulses from existing inductive loops at a higher frequency to identify unique vehicles and facilitate identification and reidentification of these vehicles as sample probes passing over sequential inductive loop sensors.

KW  - Amplifiers
KW  - Loops (Control systems)
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Probe vehicles
KW  - Pulse duration modulation
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370726
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01543179
AU  - Fisher, Frances
AU  - Richardson, Heather
AU  - Yowell, Ryan
AU  - Grace, Nathan
AU  - Merrifield, Clark
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - National Park Service
TI  - Glacier National Park Going-to-the-Sun Road Corridor Management Plan - Existing Conditions of the Transportation System
PY  - 2014/06/27/Final Report
SP  - 92p
AB  - The Going-to-the-Sun Road (GTSR) Corridor has been undergoing major shifts in use due to ongoing construction, implementation of a shuttle system, and changes in visitor use patterns. Glacier National Park (GLAC) is developing the GTSR Transportation and Visitor Use Corridor Management Plan to deal with these changes and their impacts on the park's resources. This report compiles available data and reviews the existing conditions of the road to document and quantify identified issues and provide a baseline for thinking about alternative management strategies as part of the corridor management plan. Initial recommendations and gaps identified in the data are documented in Appendices A and B, respectively.
KW  - Glacier National Park
KW  - Going-to-the-Sun Road (Glacier National Park)
KW  - Highway corridors
KW  - Parking
KW  - Shuttle service
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Transportation management plans
KW  - Visitor transportation systems
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52800/52811/DOT-VNTSC-NPS-14-07.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329312
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541438
AU  - Wright, James
AU  - Garrett, J Kyle
AU  - Hill, Christopher J
AU  - Krueger, Gregory D
AU  - Evans, Julie H
AU  - Andrews, Scott
AU  - Wilson, Christopher K
AU  - Rajbhandari, Rajat
AU  - Burkhard, Brian
AU  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Transport Canada
TI  - National Connected Vehicle Field Infrastructure Footprint Analysis
PY  - 2014/06/27/Final Report
SP  - 235p
AB  - The fundamental premise of the connected vehicle initiative is that enabling wireless connectivity among vehicles, the infrastructure, and mobile devices will bring about transformative changes in safety, mobility, and the environmental impacts in the transportation system. Key federal policy decisions relating to connected vehicle safety needs are currently moving forward. In particular, the work of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to consider a rulemaking for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications in light vehicles has received significant national attention. While the future actions of NHTSA and the state and local transportation agencies are independent, and the NHTSA decision will not require agencies to deploy any connected vehicle infrastructure, it is important for the state and local agencies to understand what this action will mean to them, what they need to know to prepare for an emerging connected vehicle environment, and what investments may need to be made to leverage a nationwide fleet of equipped vehicles in support of their own policy and operational objectives.  The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), with the support of United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) and Transport Canada, has undertaken a Connected Vehicle Field Infrastructure Footprint Analysis to provide supporting information to  agency decision-makers. AASHTO’s work in this analysis has been performed through its Connected Vehicle Deployment Coalition, a group comprising representatives from a number of state and local transportation agencies, and the findings and recommendations in this report represent the opinions  of this AASHTO community. In addition, the development of connected vehicle deployment scenarios engaged a broader group of state and local agency participants. This Final Report consists of a vision for a national footprint; a description of the background for and current research on connected vehicle  deployments; a set of assumptions underlying the infrastructure footprint analysis; the applications analysis; the deployment concepts, the preliminary national footprint, including the value proposition, deployment objectives, context, scenarios, and experience to date; and a preliminary deployment and operations cost estimation.
KW  - Cost estimating
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52600/52602/FHWA-JPO-14-125_v2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326327
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535990
AU  - Osei-Asamoah, Abigail
AU  - Jackson, Eric
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of the ConnDOT Horizontal Curve Classification Software
PY  - 2014/06/27/Final Report
SP  - 40p
AB  - The Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) is a national, highway information system that requires states to collect and submit data on the extent, condition, performance, use, and operating characteristics of the nation's highways. HPMS requirements include limited data on all public roads, with more detailed data for sample sections of the arterial and collector functional classes. One of the field inventory reviews that many states have a difficult time reporting efficiently is the required horizontal curve classification for each HPMS section. Connecticut has more than 2000 HPMS sites making manual updates to these sections very difficult and time consuming. Automated methods to create a batch reporting process could save significant time and effort while increasing the accuracy with which data are reported to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Connecticut is fortunate in that the department of transportation performs an annual photolog survey of all state roads and conducts supplemental data collection runs for HPMS sections. This report details the creation of an automated curve classification software kit to generate grade and horizontal curve classification files for HPMS reporting.
KW  - Automation
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway grades
KW  - Highway Performance Monitoring System
KW  - Horizontal curvature
KW  - Photologging
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/CT-2285-F-14-3_Published_Final_Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320982
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577881
TI  - 2014-142 (RwD) Proven Countermeasures Implementation - Delineation & Friction Treatment at Curves

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Friction
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Surface treating
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371186
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541461
AU  - Gutierrez, David A
AU  - Bielenberg, Robert W
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - Lechtenberg, Karla A
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of MASH TL-3 Transition Between Guardrail and Portable Concrete Barriers
PY  - 2014/06/26/Final Report
SP  - 254p
AB  - Often, road construction causes the need to create a work zone. In these scenarios, portable concrete barriers (PCBs) are typically installed to shield workers and equipment from errant vehicles as well as prevent motorists from striking other roadside hazards. For an existing W-beam guardrail system installed adjacent to the roadway and near the work zone, guardrail sections are removed in order to place the portable concrete barrier system. The focus of this research study was to develop a proper stiffness transition between W-beam guardrail and portable concrete barrier systems. This research effort  was accomplished through development and refinement of design concepts using computer simulation with LS-DYNA. Several design concepts were simulated, and design metrics were used to evaluate and refine each concept. These concepts were then analyzed and ranked based on feasibility, likelihood of success, and ease of installation. The rankings were presented to the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) for selection of a preferred design alternative. Next, a Critical Impact Point (CIP) study was conducted, while additional analyses were performed to determine the critical attachment location and a reduced installation length for the portable concrete barriers. Finally, an additional simulation effort was  conducted in order to evaluate the safety performance of the transition system under reverse-direction impact scenarios as well as to select the CIP. Recommendations were also provided for conducting a Phase II study and evaluating the nested Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) configuration using three Test Level 3 (TL-3) full-scale crash tests according to the criteria provided in the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, as published by the American Association of Safety Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Design
KW  - Guardrail transition sections
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Stiffness
KW  - Temporary barriers
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/18677/1/NDOR_Gutierrez_Dev_MASH_TL_3_transition_between_guardrail_and_portable_concrete_barriers_2014.pdf
UR  - http://www.transportation.nebraska.gov/mat-n-tests/research/Design/FinalReportM326.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326374
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01549576
TI  - Research Program Design---Administration of Highway and Transportation Agencies. Connected/Automated Vehicle Research Roadmap for AASHTO
AB  - Connected and automated vehicles have organizational as well as technical implications for state and local transportation agencies. Levels of automation range from intelligent, adaptive cruise controls up to fully automated, driverless vehicles (See National Highway Transportation Safety Administration's (NHTSA's) Preliminary Statement of Policy Concerning Automated Vehicles). Fully automated, driverless vehicles can be either autonomous or connected to each other and the infrastructure. Automated vehicles that are connected to the infrastructure have specific implications for how public agencies either accommodate or direct future trends in deployment of automated vehicles. The existence of autonomous vehicles (i.e., those that are not connected to the infrastructure) pose even greater challenges to traffic managers. Highway network and transportation system planning, design, maintenance, and operations functions are all likely to require adaptation to meet technical, policy, and legal expectations of this changing road user fleet. This adaptation will affect technical standards, business and engineering processes, performance measurement and management, workforce and professional development, organizational structure and staffing, and agency information technology models. A Connected/Automated Vehicle (CV/AV) Research Roadmap is needed to define and address critical organizational and institutional issues for state and local transportation agencies in order to expedite the transportation system's accommodation of these vehicle technologies. The American Association for State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Connected Vehicle Strategic Plan was completed in 2009, and a subsequent Infrastructure Deployment Analysis was completed in 2011. The latter noted the need for an Information Exchange Forum, and a Connected Vehicle Education &amp; Outreach Program, among other nationwide institutional initiatives. Also as recommended by the 2011 Analysis, the Federal Highway Administration and AASHTO are in the process of completing a Connected Vehicle "Footprint Analysis" to continue to quantify roadway infrastructure costs and other prospective impacts.  NHTSA is expected to issue agency decisions over the next two years affecting Dedicated Short Range Communications system expectations for light and heavy vehicles, and the Federal Highway Administration intends to develop Connected Vehicle infrastructure guidance beginning in 2015. Google, Nissan, and General Motors have all stated corporate goals to have commercial automated vehicles on the street by as early as 2017, but all by 2020. A fully autonomous "driverless" vehicle could be on the market by 2025. Lane departure warning systems, "blind spot" monitoring and alerts, and automated cruise control based on distance from the vehicle in front rather than speed are autonomous vehicle technologies already available. Mercedes, Ford and others market automobiles that offer integrated partial automation at speeds under 25 miles per hour. Several states already have regulations in place that allow automated vehicles to operate. The objective of this research is to develop a CV/AV Research Roadmap addressing the policy, planning, and implementation issues that will face state and local transportation agencies. The roadmap should consider the implications of CV/AV technologies for the various segments of the traveling public (e.g., passenger cars, trucks, transit vehicles, emergency vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians) and for agency fleets. Consideration should be given to CV technologies that are not based on the Dedicated Short Range Communication band. Project deliverables will include: (1) Catalog of institutional, policy, planning, and legal issues related to CV/AVs that are likely to arise affecting state and local transportation agencies; and  (2) Multi-year program of research projects addressing those issues. Descriptions of the projects should include expected benefits due to implementation, likely barriers to implementation, and feasible funding sources (e.g., National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), Cooperative Transportation System Pooled Fund Study).  Recommendations for managing and maintain the roadmap are as follows: These recommendations must take into account the rapidly evolving landscape, both in the private and public sector, and the capabilities of the various stakeholder organizations. They should include a PowerPoint® presentation suitable for use by panel members or others to explain the roadmap, for example, at a meeting of one of the stakeholder organizations.
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Legal factors
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Plan implementation
KW  - Policy
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3752
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1339730
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01593932
AU  - Zinke, Scott
AU  - Mahoney, James
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Hot Mix Asphalt Research Investigation for Connecticut: Part E - Field Performance of Superpave and Traditional Marshall Mixtures Mixtures
PY  - 2014/06/24/Final Report
SP  - 57p
AB  - This research is part of the series of investigated topics surrounding hot mix asphalt in Connecticut. This research investigates the performance of sections of pavements designed using both the Marshall and Superpave mix design methods. Sixteen different pavement sections in Connecticut (eight Superpave and eight Marshall) were analyzed by means of site visits, photolog image analysis and numerical condition ratings. This research was intended to investigate whether there are difference(s) between the two differently designed types of pavement as far as their ability to withstand environmental distress, as well as traffic loading. Results showed no conclusive evidence that the two pavement types perform differently.
KW  - Durability
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Superpave
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/CT-2250-3-12-9_-_Part_E.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1400315
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545245
TI  - Effectiveness of Work Zone Transportation Management Plan (TMP) Strategies
AB  - In 2010 there were 87,606 crashes in work zones. Between 2006 and 2010, an average of 761 people died and more than 37,000 people were injured each year as a result of motor vehicle crashes in work zones. During that same period an average of 114 highway construction workers died and more than 20,000 workers were injured in road construction work zones each year (Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA's) Work Zone Safety and Mobility Program). Construction work zones on freeways are estimated to account for nearly 24% of non-recurring delay. In order to reduce these crashes and delays, and their resulting negative effects on lives and the economy, a better understanding of the effectiveness of work zone transportation management strategies is needed. A better understanding of the effectiveness of different strategies will enable designers to develop project designs, traffic control plans, and transportation management plans (TMPs) that will (a) allow for the safe, effective, and economical maintenance of traffic through work zones; and (b) reduce or eliminate negative consequences to regional mobility and the economy. A TMP consists of a set of coordinated strategies that are implemented to manage the work zone impacts of a road construction project without unreasonably compromising project constructability. TMPs outline specific strategies to be employed that will help achieve project goals associated with traffic mobility, the safety of motorists and construction workers, and other operational targets during the construction period. TMPs are used to clearly define and communicate the comprehensive plan for construction project management to internal state department of transportation (state department of transportation (DOT)) staff, contractors, the public, and the media. Many TMP strategies have been implemented by state DOTs, but practitioners and researchers are often uncertain of their relative effectiveness. Practitioners could develop more effective and more economical TMPs if they have appropriate data on the effectiveness of TMP strategies that are available for a given project. Effectiveness information could improve practitioners' understanding of which TMP strategies are most likely to improve work zone safety and mobility in various circumstances, and where, when, and how to implement particular strategies to maximize their effectiveness. TMP strategy information included in existing guidance documents, typically, lacks necessary detail and contains more general information such as descriptions of strategies, suggestions of situations where a strategy may be applicable, and general information on possible benefits and challenges. While this information provides basic information, it stops short of compiling and analyzing the results of existing studies or of evaluating the effectiveness of each strategy based on field experience. Existing research indicates that assessing the effectiveness of TMP strategies is feasible and is being conducted--to some degree--by state DOTs. The types of evaluation activities being performed by state DOTs appear to vary in type and scope; the most common is research on the use and effectiveness of a specific strategy under specific conditions. The most commonly evaluated strategies are various traffic control devices, followed by intelligent transportation systems (ITS), speed management approaches, queue management methods, and the use of portable changeable message signs. Both qualitative and quantitative data sources are useful in evaluating the effectiveness of a TMP strategy. In addition to quantitative data, the selection of TMP strategies may also be based on qualitative factors, (e.g., practitioner knowledge of the strategy or location, past experience). State DOT practices vary considerably with respect to what they consider when they select strategies to include in a TMP. Differences exist in (1) the methods used to deploy a strategy, (2) how--or if--data are collected to measure the effectiveness of a strategy, (3) the types of data collected, (4) data analysis methods, and (5) information sharing within an agency. There are no standard approaches or rules-of-thumb for identifying which strategies to use on a project. A nationwide effort to combine or share the evaluation results among practitioners is needed. Synthesizing the results of TMP strategy evaluations that states have performed, and completing additional evaluations to determine strategy effectiveness, will enable work zone practitioners to better understand the effects of implementing specific TMP strategies on different work zones and will help practitioners to select more effective and economical TMP strategies. The objectives of this research are to produce (1) a guidebook to assist work zone practitioners on selecting the most effective and cost efficient TMP strategies to implement in a particular construction setting, and (2) a compilation of relevant but unpublished reports prepared by transportation agencies that evaluated the effectiveness of various TMP strategies. The guidebook at a minimum should reflect road type, project type, traffic conditions, and geographic conditions, and it should be presented in a user-friendly format that may include matrices and/or fact sheets. The compilation of relevant reports should provide the full text of each document collected. Accomplishment of the project objectives will require at least the following tasks: PHASE 1: (1) Conduct a critical review of existing literature related to TMPs with an emphasis on methods to evaluate the effectiveness of TMP strategies and the results of evaluations. Domestic information should be prioritized, augmented by international information that may be applicable to U.S. conditions. (2) Assess the current state of practice including how frequently individual TMP strategies have been implemented by state DOTs and other transportation agencies, and the extent to which strategy effectiveness has been assessed using quantitative and/or qualitative methods. (3) Analyze and synthesize the evaluations of TMP strategy effectiveness completed by state DOTs or other transportation agencies. (4) Recommend a list of TMP strategies on which to conduct effectiveness evaluations. (5) Prepare a detailed work plan for Phase 2 that includes conducting effectiveness evaluations of selected TMP strategies that may include qualitative as well as quantitative data sources. To the extent that data is to be collected from active work zones, the work zones should reflect a diversity of road types, project types, traffic conditions, and geographic conditions in more than one state. (6) Prepare an interim report that contains the results of Tasks 1-5. The interim report should also include preliminary outlines of the proposed guidebook and the compilation of unpublished reports.  PHASE 2: (7) Implement the approved work plan developed in Task 5.(8) Recommend a list of TMP strategies to be addressed in the final guidebook. Collectively these strategies should be applicable to a diversity of road types, project types, traffic conditions, and geographic conditions. (9) Prepare updated, detailed annotated outlines of the final guidebook and the compilation of relevant, unpublished literature to be submitted to NCHRP for approval prior to the development of the draft guidebook and the draft literature collection. (10) Prepare the guidebook and compilation of relevant unpublished report. (11) Prepare the final research report that documents the conduct of the research. This research report should include an executive summary that outlines the research results and recommendation of additional, prioritized research needs.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Transportation management plans
KW  - Work zone safety
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3629
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332764
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530905
AU  - McGehee, Daniel V
AU  - Reyes, Michelle L
AU  - Marshall, Dawn
AU  - Skinner, Erik
AU  - Lundell, John
AU  - Peek-Asa, Corinne
AU  - University of Iowa, Iowa City
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Comparative Policy Analysis of Seat Belt Laws
PY  - 2014/06/24/Final Report
SP  - 62p
AB  - This analysis examined data from a variety of sources to estimate the benefit of enhancing Iowa’s current law to require all passengers to use seat belts. In addition to assessing Iowans’ opinions about changing the law, a literature review, a legislative policy review, and analysis of Iowa crash data were completed. Currently 28 states enforce seat belt laws for all passengers. Belted passengers riding with an unbelted passenger are 2 to 5 times more likely to suffer fatal injuries in a crash relative to when all occupants are using seat belts. Iowans are highly compliant (90%-94%) with the current seat belt law for front seat occupants. Of more than 1000 Iowans surveyed, 85% said they always use a seat belt when riding in the front seat, but only 36% always do so when they ride in the back seat. The most common reasons given for not using seat belts in the back seat are forgetting to buckle up and because it is not the law. Iowans widely support strengthening Iowa’s seat belt law — 62% said Iowa law should require all rear seat passengers to use seat belts. Four out of five respondents said they would use seat belts more often when sitting in the rear seat if it was the law. It is estimated rear seat fatalities would decrease about 48%, from 13 to 7 fatalities annually, if an all-passenger law was implemented in Iowa.
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Laws and legislation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Public opinion
KW  - Rear seat occupants
KW  - Seat belt use
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/21904/1/IADOT_RB37_013_UIowaPPC_Comparative_Policy_Analysis_Seat_Belt_Laws_2014_Final.pdf
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/id/eprint/21904
UR  - http://www.iowadot.gov/research/reports/Year/2014/fullreports/UIowa_SeatBeltPolicyAnalysis_FinalReport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315401
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548550
AU  - Schrum, Kevin D
AU  - Sicking, Dean L
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Predicting the Dynamic Fracture of Steel via a Non Local Strain-Energy Density Failure Criterion
PY  - 2014/06/23/Final Report
SP  - 175p
AB  - Predicting the onset of fracture in a material subjected to dynamic loading conditions has typically been heavily mesh-dependent, and often must be specifically calibrated for each geometric design. This can lead to costly models and even costlier physical testing. In response to this, a failure criterion was created based on the strain energy density (SED) of the material. Calculations to obtain the SED were developed to take advantage of a non-local length scale, wherein the sensitivity to mesh density was partially reduced. This method was applied to a steel coupon subjected to dynamic uniaxial tension. A one-time calibration was used to determine the material’s critical SED in the non-local length scale. This length scale was dependent on the mesh density of the model and a prescribed magnifier, such that the failure criterion was a function of the length scale. Steel coupons were modeled and tested dynamically. Thicknesses of those coupons were varied and stress concentrations were included. Differing grades of steel were also employed. The non-local SED failure criterion provided consistent and accurate predictions, regardless of the changes in dimensions of the coupons.
KW  - Dynamic loads
KW  - Failure
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Steel
KW  - Strain (Mechanics)
KW  - Tension tests
UR  - http://www.transportation.nebraska.gov/mat-n-tests/research/Design/FinalReportDPS-STWD(118).pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334370
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01573305
TI  - Regional and National Implementation and Coordination of ME Design
AB  - The purpose of the peer exchanges and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) National Users Group meeting is to support State Department of Transportation (DOT) and Canadian province implementation of mechanistic empirical (ME) Design procedures by (1) sharing information between, (2) identifying issues at the local/regional level with regard to implementation, (3) identifying needs or areas that still need to be researched relative to the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), and (4) organizing implementation efforts on a regional and National basis. The four peer exchanges will be limited to participation by governmental agencies, while the AASHTO Users group meeting will be open to industry representatives, academics, consultants, and others interested in ME Design.  Funds from this pooled fund will only be used to support contributing agency travel and development activities. The peer exchanges and AASHTO National Users Group meeting will focus primarily on the efforts related to the AASHTO MEPDG and related Pavement ME Design™ software.  However, all agencies are welcome to participate in the pooled fund; as most topics covered are fundamental and applicable to all ME design procedures and pavement design in general.
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Needs assessment
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/549
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1366529
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01570473
TI  - 2015 National Household Travel Survey
AB  - This pool-funded proposal is the way for add-on partners to participate in the 2015 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS). Add-on partners are not limited to transportation agencies. Public transit, health, air quality, energy, safety and other data users are all welcome.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - National Household Travel Survey
KW  - Partnerships
KW  - Public health
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Travel surveys
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/548
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1362114
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01563869
TI  - 9th International Conference on Managing Pavement Assets and Training  to Move Pavement Management Beyond the Short-Term
AB  - The objectives of this pooled fund project are to: (1) Provide communication and information sharing regarding pavement management practices and innovation among member states.  Discuss research needs and provide research ideas to the Transportation Research Board (TRB). (2) Provide a technology and knowledge exchange forum to enhance the practical knowledge of member states concerning pavement management implementation and how to move pavement management beyond the short-term by embracing innovation and addressing sustainability, accountability, and improved performance. (2) Enhance the working knowledge of the pavement management community.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Training
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/551
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1354975
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01528635
TI  - Load Rating of Reinforced Concrete Bridges by Load Tests
AB  - The main objectives of this study are as follows: (1) Evaluate current/emerging technology for reliable, expedient and feasible controlled load testing of highway bridges; (2) Develop a methodology that can be employed by the State Highway Agencies to assess the actual behavior and predict the long-term repeated overload capacity of aged reinforced concrete bridges (i.e., arch, slab and T-beam bridges) by controlled load testing in conjunction with advanced analytical techniques; (3) Establish standard procedures for load testing and load rating on the basis of load test results; (4) Demonstrate the application of these procedures by conducting load tests on two bridges of concern; and (5) Assist in training/educating State Highway engineers in both the basic theory and application of procedures so that they can conduct tests and evaluate test results.
KW  - Bearing capacity
KW  - Education and training
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Load factor
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Reinforced concrete bridges
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/344
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313416
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01528634
TI  - 2009 National Asset Management Conference
AB  - The objectives of this project are to: (1) enhance the working knowledge of the asset management personnel in the many state Departments of Transportation concerning the best practices for the asset management; and (2) provide a conduit for enhancing the practical knowledge of pool members concerning their asset management activities.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/421
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313415
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577841
TI  - Environmental Streamlining/Stewardship

AB  - Provide support by accelerating Project Delivery which requires transportation agencies to work together with natural cultural and historic resource agencies to establish realistic timeframes for the environmental review of transportation projects.

KW  - Coordination
KW  - Cultural resources
KW  - Environmental streamlining
KW  - Historic sites
KW  - Project delivery
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371004
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01613756
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Horizontal Curve Virtual Peer Exchange
PY  - 2014/06/17
SP  - 6p
AB  - This report summarizes the Horizontal Curve Virtual Peer Exchange sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety’s Roadway Safety Professional Capacity Building Program on June 17, 2014. This virtual peer exchange was the fourth in a series of FHWA-sponsored peer exchanges on horizontal curves and roadway departures. The FHWA Office of Safety and FHWA Resource Center convened representatives from eleven States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming; several Tribal and county agencies; and the Western and Central Federal Lands Highway Divisions. The purpose of this event was to facilitate the exchange of information between States regarding approaches to safety on horizontal curves and to explore opportunities for collaboration between FHWA, State Departments of Transportation (DOTs), and Tribal and local agencies to improve safety on horizontal curves. Key themes that emerged included the advantages of high friction surface treatments (HFST) and systematic signing treatments; challenges related to the implementation of horizontal curve safety projects; opportunities for innovative pilot programs; and strategies for locating horizontal curves and prioritizing curve safety projects.
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Ran off road crashes
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Traffic signs
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/59000/59400/59499/horizcurves_June2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1425508
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543536
TI  - Manual on Subsurface Investigations -- Update
AB  - The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual on Subsurface Investigations was first published in 1988, based on a National Cooperative Highway Research Program initiative (NCHRP 20-07, Task 30). Since then, the practice of subsurface investigation has evolved as reflected in engineering practice, as well as in the project development and delivery processes. Proposed updates to this manual of fundamental geotechnical subsurface investigation guidance will provide the latest in cost-effective geotechnical design and construction solutions. The AASHTO manual is used by many state and local highway agencies as the authoritative guidance manual for developing scopes of work and conducting subsurface investigations. The objective of this research is to propose revisions to the AASHTO Manual on Subsurface Investigations by synthesizing current practices and advancements for geotechnical subsurface investigations, including methods to assess the relative value of these investigations with respect to project and program risks, costs, and life-cycle performance.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Costs
KW  - Geological surveying
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Risk assessment
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3668
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331133
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01552132
AU  - New Hampshire Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - New Hampshire DOT Transportation Asset Management Implementation Plan
PY  - 2014/06/16/Final Report
SP  - 47p
AB  - This plan was developed in four steps. The first step was performance of a strategic self-assessment. As part of this process, forty-four Agency staff participated in an online Gap Analysis survey (AMEC, 2013) based on the American Society of Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Transportation Asset Management Guide, Volume 1 (AASHTO, 2002). The second step included in-depth face-to-face interviews with internal stakeholders to drill down into the results of the online survey and inform the Gap Analysis process (AMEC, 2014). The third step was an asset management workshop with Major Staff and Executive Staff that served as a forum to formulate and discuss New Hampshire Department of Transportation's (NHDOT’s) asset management vision and goals resulting in development of specific prioritized initiatives for transportation asset management (TAM) implementation (AMEC, 2014). Finally, the draft implementation plan was developed, reviewed, and presented to Executive Staff. The input received during this step was incorporated into this final TAM Implementation Plan. The following sections of this plan contain the building blocks NHDOT will use to implement the TAM method of doing business within the Agency. The report is organized into 5 sections including: Section 2 introduces the topic of TAM. This material is adopted from the TAM Guide that was developed through National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24(11), Asset Management Guidance for Transportation Agencies. (AASHTO, 2002);  Section 3 summarizes current asset management practice at NHDOT using the state-of-the-practice asset management framework in the AASHTO TAM Guide as a benchmark; Section 4 establishes a vision and goals for integrating TAM in the Agency business model; Section 5 recommends an asset management work plan with practical implementation steps that support the vision and goals.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Implementation
KW  - New Hampshire Department of Transportation
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/asset/gap/nhgap.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341308
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529445
AU  - Gayah, Vikash V
AU  - Stieffenhofer, Krae
AU  - Shankar, Venky
AU  - Pennsylvania State University, University Park
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Mid-Atlantic Universities Transportation Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - How Can We Maximize Efficiency and Increase Person Occupancy at Overcrowded Park and Rides?
PY  - 2014/06/16/Final Report
SP  - 135p
AB  - This study was conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation and Federal Highway Administration. The purpose of this project was to provide the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT), King County Metro Transit, and Sound Transit with more detailed information on the use of 17 of the busiest park and ride facilities in the Central Puget Sound Region. These park and ride lots, like a large fraction of lots across the region, are currently operating at or near capacity. The agencies would like to obtain detailed information on their use to inform potential parking management strategies in the future. In particular, the long-term objective is to eventually implement strategies to increase the number of people served by the limited parking spaces. Two empirical data collection efforts were performed. The first was an on-site audit of the existing use of 10 of the 17 facilities. The second data collection effort was a user intercept survey administered both in-person at all 17 lots and electronically to the set of registered  vanpool users at these facilities and those who could not complete the survey on site. The survey collected more detailed information from individual park and ride users, including trip purpose, origin-destination information, mode of entry and exit, reasons for using park and rides, and user reactions to potential strategies that WSDOT and the other agencies are considering to help increase person efficiency of these lots. The report details a few major findings from this work. The data suggest that the following strategies might be successful at improving person efficiency at overcrowded park and ride facilities: (1) implement parking fees for single-occupant vehicles to disincentivize their use; (2) dedicate a portion of parking spaces at each lot for multi-occupant vehicle use only; (3) revise local transit service near these locations to  increase the fraction of drivers that have feasible transit options to the park and rides; and (4) examine the use of parking at available lots near the park and ride facilities for overflow or single-occupant vehicle parking.
KW  - Origin and destination
KW  - Park and ride
KW  - Parking
KW  - Parking facilities
KW  - Parking fees
KW  - Puget Sound Region
KW  - Ridesharing
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Trip purpose
UR  - http://www.mautc.psu.edu/docs/PSU-2013-04.pdf
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/830.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313588
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01560302
TI  - Development of a Model of American Burying Beetle Occurrence in the Plains Ecoregion of Nebraska
AB  - The American burying beetle, (Nicrophorus americanus) is a member of the carrion beetle family Silphidae, an important group of detritivores that recycle decaying materials back into the ecosystem. The American burying beetle is the largest carrion-feeding insect in North America reaching a length of about l.5 inches. Although it has historically been recorded from at least 150 counties in 35 states in the eastern and central United States, it declined throughout its range from the 1920s to the 1960s and is currently only found at the peripheries of its former range. In 1983 the American burying beetle was included as an endangered species in the Invertebrate Red Book published by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. In the United States, it was placed on the state and federal endangered species lists in August, 1989. The causes for the decline of this species are complex and remain unresolved. However, in order to implement an effective recovery program and to locate additional populations, it is necessary to understand the possible factors influencing this decline and the commonality of features of the remaining populations. Foremost among these are the effects of habitat fragmentation including loss of suitable habitat, isolation of remnant populations, and disturbance of habitats that still contain these beetles. Areas within the known range of American burying beetle that will be disturbed through construction activities require conservation measures to meet federal guidelines. Across the range of American burying beetle, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service no longer advocates "bait-away" measures because of documented effects to beetles. Until 2011, the Service in Nebraska recommended "trap-and-relocate" procedures. Lawsuits from several conservation organizations over moving beetles associated with the Keystone Pipeline Project have caused the Service to consider formal consultation for projects, rather than to allow trap-and-relocate procedures. Data from 2012 and 2013 support the use of trap-and-relocate; however, to implement this procedure, formal consultation will be required and persons moving beetles will need federal permits. If methods to reduce habitat suitability without harming beetles can be developed, construction projects may be possible without the need to trap-and-relocate beetles. An alternative to trap-and-relocate is to determine the number of American burying beetles in an area and calculate the likelihood of take based on the number of acres to be disturbed. Discountable take is invoked when there is a less than one percent chance of killing a beetle during habitat disturbance. The proposed research project will directly benefit the Nebraska Department of Roads by providing data on distribution of American burying beetles, likely reducing the total area where conservation measures are required. Second, by testing the appropriateness of calculating discountable take road projects especially in areas with low occurrence of American burying beetle should be expedited. By reducing the range where American burying beetle are likely to occur and by investigating discountable take, formal consultation that is very time consuming can be avoided. The results of this project will affect projects in 16 Nebraska Counties covering an area of nearly one third of Nebraska. The model developed through this project will be implemented by the US Fish and Wildlife Service and Nebraska Game and Parks Commission to determine areas of Nebraska where conservation measures for American burying beetle are required.
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Insects
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Wildlife relocation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350028
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530880
AU  - Heaslip, Kevin
AU  - Bosworth, Ryan
AU  - Barnes, Ryan
AU  - Sobh, Ali Soltani
AU  - Thomas, Michael
AU  - Song, Ziqi
AU  - Utah State University, Logan
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Mountain Plains Consortium
TI  - Effects of Natural Gas Vehicles and Fuel Prices on Key Transportation Economic Metrics
PY  - 2014/06/15/Final Report
SP  - 114p
AB  - The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) is responsible for planning, operating, and maintaining a highway network consisting of over 18,500 lane-miles of highway. Planning and building highways is, by nature, a long-range enterprise. It requires making many assumptions about future travel demand as well as estimating future fuel tax revenue. In recent years the growing uncertainty about oil prices and availability has made long-range transportation planning even more challenging. Rather than relying on trend extrapolation, this study uses market mechanisms to shed light on key long-range transportation planning assumptions. Although WSDOT is pursuing a variety of alternative fuels and energy sources including Electric Vehicles (EV), biofuels, propane, natural gas, etc. and their respective infrastructures, this study focuses primarily on natural gas. In particular, this study will help WSDOT assess the likelihood natural gas will substitute for petroleum fuels and estimate the impacts changes in fuel prices will have on travel demand, fuel consumption, Greenhouse Gas emissions, and fuel tax revenues. The results of the modeling show that the potential impacts of Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV) have the potential to have effects on vehicle miles traveled (VMT), emissions, and fuel tax revenue. The effects of these vehicles are muted by the current lack of natural gas vehicles in the fleet. The usage of natural gas vehicles is limited to fleet vehicles and vehicles with high mileage usage. Challenges with widespread integration currently include the increased upfront capital costs associated with vehicles with natural gas, decreased power for heavy vehicles, and range anxiety in locations without developed natural gas fueling infrastructure. Currently the NGV market in the state of Washington is hampered by these factors. The modeling and analysis provided in the document can be used to analyze changing conditions in the NGV market and the effects on key transportation metrics.
KW  - Alternate fuels
KW  - Compressed natural gas
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Fuel taxes
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Market assessment
KW  - Natural gas
KW  - Natural gas vehicles
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Vehicle miles of travel
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/829.1.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52141/829.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316012
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01569269
TI  - Research Program Design---Administration of Highway and Transportation Agencies. Advancing Performance Management under a National Framework
AB  - The objectives of this research are to (a) identify the challenges and opportunities associated with data collection, data management, and analysis methodologies to support preparation of national-level transportation system performance information, and (b) develop a performance- management research roadmap that will inform future research and development activities to be undertaken by the transportation industry. The research team will (1) review and summarize salient characteristics of national data sets relevant to transportation system performance measurement, particularly as defined under federal legislation and regulations, and assess these data sets' suitability of for use by department of transportation (DOTs) and others for monitoring, managing, and reporting on performance; (2) facilitate a workshop to frame the core questions of national-level performance reporting; (3) prepare an interim report summarizing data and information issues to be considered in developing a research roadmap; (4) develop a structure and framework for categorizing potential research needs and criteria for evaluating research priorities and proposed projects; (5) facilitate a workshop of transportation researchers and practitioners to help establish a multi-year performance measures research road map; and (6) present the results in a report with draft research problem statements and proposed funding levels for research areas identified as critical needs.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Transportation system management
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3990
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1360243
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543715
TI  - Guidance for Traffic Signals at Diverging Diamond Interchanges and Adjacent Intersections
AB  - The diverging diamond interchange (DDI, also known as a double crossover diamond interchange) is a relatively new design to the United States that can increase throughput and safety without widening bridge structures. An introduction to DDIs is available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/07048/. There are currently more than 20 DDIs in operation in the United States and more than 50 under design.  Because the DDI is a new and novel design, traffic signal designers and operators and geometric designers lack the depth of experience that they have with traditional interchange forms. Determination of the best geometric and traffic signal design depends on the appropriate use of analysis tools, particularly microscopic simulation models. Integrating operational analysis into the design phase of a project is becoming more common and will be beneficial in these early years of DDI deployment.  One area of concern seen at installed DDIs are the interactions with an adjacent traffic signal. The unusual operation of the DDI can impair progression and waste green time at the DDI or the adjacent signal. In many ways, the expected growth of DDIs in the United States parallels the growth of modern roundabouts several years ago. Information on best practices and lessons learned from these early installations will be beneficial in elevating the state of the practice. The objective of this research is to develop guidance on the operational analysis and traffic signal design and operation of DDIs and adjacent traffic signals. The guide should be useful to (1) a modeler working with designers to optimize the geometric design, (2) a signal designer implementing operational strategies, (3) a signal technician wiring the cabinet(s) and programming the controller(s), and (4) an operator fine-tuning the operation of the interchange and adjacent intersection in real-time throughout the day. Particular issues of concern are: (1) Operational analysis; (2) Appropriate use of modeling tools, including calibration and sensitivity analysis; (3) Influence area and interactions with adjacent intersections and driveways; (4) Evaluation of the distance between crossover intersections; (5) Estimation of queue lengths and impacts; (6) Design of bays; (7) Effects of transit (including stop location and priority treatments); (8) Effects of large trucks; (9) Interactions with the operation of the freeway; (10) Traffic signal design; (11) Design of the detection system for vehicles and pedestrians; (12) Selection of one or two controllers for the DDI; (13) Appropriate traffic control for ramp traffic at the DDI; (14) Appropriate traffic control for pedestrian crosswalks; (15) Incorporation of a performance measurement system; (16) Interface with ramp meters; (17) Traffic signal operation; (18) Performance metrics for operation; (19) Setting up the dual-ring structure in the controller; (20) Determination of clearance intervals; (21) Setting up actuated parameters, including those for failed detectors; (22) Setting up preemption/priority strategies; (23) Queue management strategies to address oversaturation; and (24) Selection of coordinated or free operation. Research tasks are as follows:  Task 1. Review pertinent domestic and international literature on traffic signal design and operation at DDIs to identify best practices and lessons learned. This literature review should be kept current throughout the project since this design is new to the United States.  Task 2. Identify leaders in the design, installation, maintenance, and operation of DDI signals. Use interviews or other techniques to gather information on best practices and lessons learned on traffic signals at DDIs, by themselves and in conjunction with adjacent intersections. Identify situations and typical failure modes that warrant the development of new control strategies to address them. Task 3. Describe new control strategy concepts that could address the problematic situations and failure modes identified in Task 2. Task 4. Calibrate and validate the microscopic simulation model that will be used in Task 6.  Task 5. Within 9 months, submit an interim report documenting Tasks 1 through 4. The interim report shall also include a complete plan for conducting the simulation runs in Task 6 and a detailed outline of the guide. Task 6. Conduct microscopic simulation runs to explore issues such as (1) benefits of best and innovative control strategies that have been identified, (2) sensitivity of the operation to distances and speeds between signals, (3) impacts of different volumes and directional distributions, (4) sensitivity of the operation to timing parameters (e.g., offsets, cycle lengths, overlaps, phase sequence), (5) effectiveness of different detection schemes, (6) interactions between a DDI traffic signal and ramp meters, (7) optimal control for ramp traffic, (8) effective pedestrian strategies, (9) effective preemption and priority strategies, and (10) strategies to address phase starvation and queue spillback.  Task 7. Insofar as practical, work with a transportation agency to field validate any new traffic signal control strategies developed.  Task 8. Develop the guide on the operational analysis and traffic signal design and operation of DDIs and adjacent traffic signals that encapsulates best practices, lessons learned, and new strategies. Task 9. Submit a final report that documents the entire research effort and includes the Task 8 guide as a stand-alone document.
KW  - Design methods
KW  - Diamond interchanges
KW  - Diverging traffic
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Operations
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Traffic signal control systems
KW  - Traffic signal controllers
KW  - Traffic signals
KW  - United States
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3631
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331751
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01594435
AU  - Zinke, Scott
AU  - Mahoney, James
AU  - Morison, Kelly
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connecticut WMA Pilot Projects 2010-2011
Final Report
PY  - 2014/06/12/Final Report
SP  - 82p
AB  - Warm mix asphalt (WMA) overlays were placed in several pilot projects in Connecticut during the 2010 and 2011 construction seasons. These technologies included Sasobit®, Evotherm™, Advera®, Double-Barrel® Green foamed asphalt as well as SonneWarmix™. The research team observed placement and collected mix for laboratory testing. Laboratory testing consisted of rut testing and moisture susceptibility testing both with the Hamburg wheel-track test and with tensile strength testing. One of the pilot projects included SBS polymer modified asphalt binder. While the WMA mixes containing the polymer seemed to outperform the others overall in the laboratory, all of the WMA mixes appeared to perform satisfactorily in the laboratory. Temperature reductions were observed in the field. With the exception of a couple compaction related problems in the field (not believed to be caused by WMA technology) all mixes appeared to perform satisfactorily during placement. Upon revisit to the sites during 2013, all sections were still performing well. The research team recommends further monitoring of these sections during the coming years.
KW  - Bituminous overlays
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Polymer asphalt
KW  - Ruts (Pavements)
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/CT-2269-F-13-14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1401063
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577969
TI  - MT7 EM-High Percentage Recycle Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Usage Deployment and Field Services (7.6.1.05)
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Recycled materials
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371319
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577880
TI  - 2014-130 (RSDP) State Traffic Records Coordinating Committee Good Practices Guide

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Crash records
KW  - Guides to information
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Traffic
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371185
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567476
AU  - Fratta, Dante
AU  - Bozkurt, M Gizem
AU  - University of Wisconsin, Madison
AU  - Wisconsin Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Lateral Deflection Contribution to Settlement Estimates
PY  - 2014/06/11/Final Report
SP  - 153p
AB  - The construction of tall embankments on soft soils requires staged construction, which leads to the consolidation of foundation soils, an increase in their effective stress, reduction in void ratio, and gain in shear strength. However, tall embankments are not fully constrained, which contributes to the generation of lateral movements that magnify vertical settlements of the embankments, potentially leading to global failure of the foundation soil and embankment system. This study systematically presents how material properties and embankment geometries influence the safety of the embankment and the relationship between lateral movements to the magnitude of vertical settlement on embankments using numerical analyses and analytical methods. PLAXIS, a finite element package, is used for modeling and analyzing deformation of soil embankments and foundations. The methods presented herein are validated using different case studies from cross-sections of a newly constructed STH 29 / USH 41 interchange in the State of Wisconsin in the United States. Parametric studies were conducted that involved combinations of embankment geometries and soft soil conditions to assess failure mechanisms and the contribution of lateral deflection to vertical settlement. These results are validated using vertical settlement measurements at the edge of the embankment and pore pressure measurement under the embankment.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Embankments
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Ground settlement
KW  - Soft soils
KW  - Wisconsin
UR  - http://wisdotresearch.wi.gov/wp-content/uploads/WisDOT-WHRP-project-0092-12-03-final-report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1356960
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535782
AU  - Peckett, Haley
AU  - Daddio, David
AU  - Lyons, William
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Role of Regional Planning Organizations in Transportation Planning Across Boundaries
PY  - 2014/06/11/Final Report
SP  - 66p
AB  - The Volpe Center conducted research for the Federal Highway Administration Office of Planning that explores the implications of Regional Planning Organizations (RPO) engaging in transportation planning partnerships and projects of megaregions significance. The research assesses the benefits of this participation to rural areas and to their State and metropolitan partners, specifically in the areas of economic development, freight, and natural resources. Considering the limited resources of RPO staff, the research describes the institutional barriers to entry for RPOs in cross-regional transportation planning and considers partnerships that may lead to greater involvement in megaregions initiatives. Through three case studies, the paper outlines the benefits for rural areas, including economic and transportation benefits, and suggests recommendations and best practices for RPOs to consider in partnering with metropolitan planning organizations and State Departments of Transportation. The recommendations also demonstrate how transportation planning can be the mechanism to support rural participation in plans and projects at a megaregions scale bringing value to rural and urban areas alike.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Megaregions
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Natural resources
KW  - Regional planning
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/megaregions/reports/regional_planning_organizations/fhwahep14043.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52163/RPOsMegaregions.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52163/RPOsMegaregions.pdf?utm_source=GovDelivery&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=july%20newsletter
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1319587
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01567104
TI  - Transit in Greater Arizona
AB  - The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) Public Transit Programs and Grants Section, located within the Multimodal Planning Division, is responsible for administering several federal grant programs intended to enhance mobility options and meet the transportation needs of the elderly and disabled populations, as well as those of the general population, in the non-urbanized areas of Arizona. The Section is also tasked with developing the first State Transit Plan in 2014. The State Transit Plan will establish a statewide vision for transit, determine priorities for transit development should a state funding source become available in the future, and identify travel corridors that would enhance regional connectivity. This research will create an inventory of existing transit service across Arizona by private-sector for-profit and non-profit providers, and will develop a profile of travel preferences and trends in identified portions of rural Arizona. Trends and preferences may include: mode preferences, use of mobile technology, environmental consciousness, level of support for transit funding, etc. This information will significantly inform the ability of the Public Transit Programs and Grants Section to achieve the objectives of the State Transit Plan.
KW  - Aged
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Connectivity
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Persons with disabilities
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Strategic planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358888
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566097
TI  - Arizona Highways: Tracking Trends in Reader Habits and Satisfaction
AB  - Arizona Highways magazine's primary mission is to promote travel and tourism in Arizona. The magazine has conducted a telephone survey approximately every five years since the early 1990s. While the survey has been useful, it has also been limited in scope. No longitudinal analysis of survey data has ever been conducted to identify trends over time, and many questions have not been explored. The research will collect data from Arizona Highways subscribers within Arizona and, potentially, specific subsets of non-subscribers. At a minimum, the research will survey subscribers to collect data on demographics, content preferences, travel behavior, and familiarity with Arizona Highways products. In addition, discussions with narrowly defined groups will provide the magazine with the opportunity to explore specific options for design, features, and topics.  The research will also analyze data from the current and past surveys, identify changes and trends (such as the average age or travel choices of subscribers), and develop recommendations to assist Arizona Highways staff in creating content to meet the expectations of its audience, and in marketing the magazine to that audience.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Customer satisfaction
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Marketing
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Tourism
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Trend (Statistics)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357048
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543626
TI  - Deploying Clean Truck Freight Strategies
AB  - Freight volumes are expected to increase in the future, while at the same time, air quality regulations are becoming more stringent. Truck freight movements generate a significant amount of transportation greenhouse gas and particulate emissions. States and municipal planning organizations (MPOs) will need to look more closely at reducing truck freight emissions through emissions and fuel-reduction technologies, operational changes, and infrastructure investments, in order to meet new air quality standards. In addition, large freight -generating facilities such as medical centers, universities, airports, and convention centers need to understand how they can conduct their activities in ways that can mitigate the negative impacts of truck freight on air quality. While emissions-reduction technologies for heavy-duty diesel trucks are available, adoption rates have been slow and emerging technologies have not been adequately tested. Research is needed to understand (1) the emissions- and fuel-reduction technologies available, (2) the challenges to wider adoption of those technologies, (3) where these technologies best fit diverse geography and efficient supply-chain needs, and (4) the potential emissions reductions. In addition, operational changes and infrastructure investments, whether combined with technologies or on their own, could make significant impacts on truck freight emissions and fuel usage.  With this understanding, research is then needed to encourage the best use of the technological, operational, and infrastructure investment alternatives that mitigate truck freight impacts on criteria air pollutants, fuel efficiency, and greenhouse gas emissions. The objective of this research is to develop a guide that assists in the potential deployment of fuel-efficient and low-emission truck freight strategies. The guide shall include an analytical tool that provides decision makers with a means to identify and evaluate appropriate strategies, alone or in combination. The strategies shall include various cost-effective technologies, operational changes, and infrastructure investments that can be deployed at the state, regional, and local levels.   Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks: (1). Hold a kick-off conference call with National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) soon after delivering the agency's amplified work plan as required by NCHRP procedures. (2). Identify and discuss existing and emerging emissions-reduction technologies, and applicable operational changes and infrastructure investments in the United States and Canada. (3). Interview a broad cross section of state departments of transportation (DOTs), MPOs, and ports to gather detailed examples of their efforts to reduce emissions from truck freight operations. (4). Conduct in-depth interviews with 20 motor carriers in various operational environments who have adopted emissions- or fuel-reduction technologies to determine their decision-making processes and lessons learned. (5). Prepare a technical memorandum summarizing the results of Task 1 through 4 and a list of proposed attendees for the Task 11 workshop.(6). Conduct a conference call with NCHRP to discuss the Task 5 technical memorandum. (7). Propose an analytical tool for selecting and applying strategies that promote fuel-efficient and low-emission freight truck movements. The tool should consider, but not be limited to: (1) operational characteristics by truck type and markets served; (2) land-use and zoning implications; (3) financial and regulatory conditions; (4) air quality (criteria pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions); and (5) environmental justice considerations.  (8). Identify 10 potential truck freight case studies to test the analytical tool for identifying (1) fuel-efficient and low-emission technologies, operational changes, and infrastructure investments, and (2) the strategies needed for deployment. These case studies should represent diverse geographic locations and operational characteristics. The NCHRP panel will select 5 case studies for testing.(9). Conduct the 5 approved case studies.(10). Prepare a draft guide and analytical tool that assists in the identification and evaluation of cost-effective technologies, operational changes, and infrastructure investments for fuel-efficient and low-emission truck freight movements.(11). Conduct a 1-day stakeholder workshop at the Beckman Center in Irvine, CA, to provide an in-depth review of the guide, analytical tool, and the 5 case studies.  (12). Based on the results of the workshop, revise the guide and the analytical tool. (13). Prepare the final deliverables that include: (1) a final report documenting the entire research effort and (2) the revised guide and analytical tool for identifying and selecting strategies for deployment.
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Sustainable transportation
KW  - Trucking
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3672
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331579
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579233
AU  - Scopatz, Robert
AU  - Zhou, Yuying
AU  - Wojtowicz, Angela
AU  - Carter, Daniel
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - Harrison, Patricia
AU  - Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Incorporated
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Michigan Roadsoft: Integration of State and Local Safety Data
PY  - 2014/06/06/Case Study
SP  - 16p
AB  - This case study presents the Michigan Roadsoft system for local roadway data and analysis. With funding provided by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT), Michigan Technological University’s Center for Technology and Training (CTT) developed Roadsoft to integrate the local road system into the State database by assigning a consistent linear referencing system to the local roads. The program provides roadway asset management, field data collection, maintenance management, and safety analysis tools to local agencies. Each local agency maintains its own data in a local copy of Roadsoft and shares that information with the State upon request.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Databases
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Michigan
KW  - Roads
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsdp/downloads/michigan_case_study.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371763
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579217
AU  - Scopatz, Robert
AU  - Zhou, Yuying
AU  - Wojtowicz, Angela
AU  - Carter, Daniel
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - Harrison, Patricia
AU  - Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Incorporated
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Wisconsin Information System Local Roads: State and Local Data Integration
PY  - 2014/06/06/Case Study
SP  - 18p
AB  - This case study presents the Wisconsin Information System for Local Roads (WISLR) project for safety and asset management. WISLR is an example of integrating State and local road data in a spatial framework that differs from the one already in place for State-maintained roads. The integration of spatial information uses an “on/at/towards” location referencing system for local road and crash information along with a translation from the linear reference system (LRS) that applies to State-maintained routes (route and milepoint). The result is an all-public-roads database using a single LRS and basemap. Local agencies collect and own the data, but the centralized system is available to all authorized users. The case study also examines how Wisconsin plans to use WISLR to meet Federal requirements and how the system has improved Wisconsin Department of Transportation’s (WisDOT) ability to locate crashes accurately.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Databases
KW  - Information systems
KW  - Location
KW  - Roads
KW  - Wisconsin
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsdp/downloads/wisconsin_case_study.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371766
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579206
AU  - Scopatz, Robert
AU  - Zhou, Yuying
AU  - Wojtowicz, Angela
AU  - Carter, Daniel
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - Harrison, Patricia
AU  - Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Incorporated
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Ohio Location Based Response System: State and Local Data Integration
PY  - 2014/06/06/Case Study
SP  - 14p
AB  - This case study presents the Ohio Location Based Response System (LBRS) integrating State and local roadway data for analysis. LBRS is an initiative under the Ohio Geographically Referenced Information Program (OGRIP), a Governor-appointed geographic information system (GIS) coordinating body for State and local government. The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) provides support, technical guidance, and Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) services for LBRS and is responsible for integrating the data into the State’s linear reference system (LRS) to create the official transportation base-map for Ohio. The program provides consistent location referencing for all public roadways. ODOT maintains the statewide roadway inventory database and integrates data owned and supplied by the local agencies.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Databases
KW  - Location
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Roads
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsdp/downloads/ohio_case_study.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371764
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579194
AU  - Scopatz, Robert
AU  - Zhou, Yuying
AU  - Wojtowicz, Angela
AU  - Carter, Daniel
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - Harrison, Patricia
AU  - Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Incorporated
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Tennessee Roadway Information System: State and Local Data Integration
PY  - 2014/06/06/Case Study
SP  - 18p
AB  - This case study outlines a centralized, State-led data collection effort for safety data and analysis. The Tennessee Roadway Information Management System (TRIMS) is a single integrated system that includes State and local roadways, structures, pavement, traffic, photo logs, and crash data. Roadway inventory and crash data for all public roads are included. The Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) implemented TRIMS as a mainframe database in 1972 and moved to a client server Oracle database in 1996. TDOT has had a great track record of success with TRIMS achieved by developing a tool that the State DOT and local agencies (as well as contractors) could all use. The local roadway data collection effort (conducted as a 5-year project that began in 2007) resulted in a product that includes the same information on local roads as is collected for State roads.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Databases
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Information systems
KW  - Roads
KW  - Tennessee
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsdp/downloads/tncasestudy.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371762
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543533
TI  - Pavement Performance Measures that Consider the Contributions of Preservation Treatments
AB  - Pavement preservation provides a means for maintaining and improving the functional condition of an existing highway system and slowing deterioration. Although pavement preservation is not expected to substantially increase structural capacity, it can lead to improved pavement performance, longer service life, and reduced life-cycle costs. However, currently used measures for quantifying pavement performance do not appropriately account for the potential performance enhancement, life extension, and cost savings resulting from applying preservation treatments at the right time. For example, pavement smoothness (or roughness) which is measured by the International Roughness Index (IRI) and widely used by highway agencies is not a good measure of the effect of many preservation treatments. There is a need to identify or develop pavement performance measures that consider the contributions of preservation to performance, service life, and life-cycle costs. Also, there is a need to prepare a guide document for the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) consideration and adoption to facilitate the implementation of these measures by state highway agencies. This information will ensure that the contributions of preservation to performance and service life are appropriately considered and help highway agencies better assess the benefits of preservation treatments and their role in maintaining the level of service of the highway system. Incorporating these measures in asset management systems would also provide a means for selecting the appropriate preservation treatments and optimizing the allocation of resources. The objectives of this research are to (1) identify and/or develop pavement performance measures that consider the contributions of preservation to performance, service life, and life-cycle costs and (2) prepare a guide document to facilitate implementation of these measures by state highway agencies. For the purpose of this research, preservation treatments are treatments applied to preserve an existing roadway, slow future deterioration, and maintain and improve its functional condition (without substantially increasing structural capacity). Accomplishment of these objectives will require at least the following tasks. The tasks for this project are as follows: Phase I: (1) Collect and review relevant domestic and foreign literature; research findings; and information relative to performance measures and their consideration of the contributions of pavement preservation to performance, service life, and life-cycle costs. This information may be obtained from published and unpublished reports, survey of state departments of transportation (DOTs), and contacts with transportation agencies and similar public and private organizations.  (2) Identify and evaluate the performance measures based on their ability to account for the potential effect of applying preservation treatments on pavement performance, service life, life-cycle costs, and other relevant factors, and recommend potential measures (either new or based on existing measures) for further consideration in this research. (3) Prepare an updated, detailed work plan for Phase II that includes a process for developing and validating the performance measures recommended in Task 2, and preparation of a guide document to facilitate implementation of these measures by state highway agencies. (4) Prepare an interim report that documents the research performed in Tasks 1 through 3. Following review of the interim report by the National Cooperative Highway Research Project (NCHRP), the research team will be required to make a presentation to the project panel. Work on Phase II of the project will not begin until the interim report is approved and the Phase II work plan is authorized by the NCHRP. The decision on proceeding with Phase II will be based on the contractor's documented justification of the updated work plan. Phase II: (5) Execute the work plan approved in Task 4. Based on the results of this work (1) develop and validate the pavement performance measures and (2) prepare the guide document for facilitating implementation of these measures.  (6). Prepare a final report that documents the entire research effort. The guide document shall be prepared as a stand-alone document suitable for consideration and adoption by AASHTO.
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3655
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331130
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576260
AU  - Schultz, Grant G
AU  - Mitchell, David K
AU  - Pulver, Zane
AU  - Mineer, Samuel
AU  - Burris, Mark W
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - I-15 EXPRESS LANES STUDY Phase I: System Evaluation
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 109p
AB  - The primary objectives of this research included an identification of literature in Utah and nationally on how changing toll rates, occupancies, and violation rates have had an effect on Express Lane use and an examination of the utilization of the Express Lanes under a limited number of congestion and pricing scenarios. The results of this study indicate that while the majority of the Express Lane corridor within the state of Utah is operating within acceptable ranges set by the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), there are several zones where 10th percentile speeds have dropped below the 55 mph goal set by UDOT including Zones 140 and 145 in the AM peak and Zones 145, 250, and 260 in the PM peak. Additionally, the 10th percentile speeds in Zone 255 in the PM peak have dropped below the FHWA requirement of 45 mph. There are several methods to reduce the volume in the Express Lanes, which, if implemented, are anticipated to increase the speeds within these lanes. These methods include: 1) increase Express Lane tolls during peak periods; 2) increase the High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) limits in the Express Lanes; 3) reduce violation rates along the corridor through methods such as improved enforcement, education, campaigns, etc. and 4) enforce current cap for “C” decal vehicles in the Express Lanes and consider options for increasing the number of “C” decals issued for off-peak travel and/or travel outside of the congested areas during peak periods. To better understand the impacts of the alternatives additional research is necessary including a detailed analysis of average vehicle occupancy (AVO) in the Express Lanes and the General Purpose (GP) lanes and a more detailed analysis of enforcement alternatives for the state. Additional research could also include a survey of travelers to better estimate their toll price elasticity, and a detailed analysis of the geometry of the Express Lane corridor.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Express lanes
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Peak periods
KW  - Tolls
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Traffic violations
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Utah
UR  - http://www.udot.utah.gov/main/uconowner.gf?n=23088712844004064
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1369253
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570295
AU  - Chase, Steven B
AU  - University of Virginia, Charlottesville
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Virginia Bridge Information Systems Laboratory
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 73p
AB  - This report presents the results of applied data mining of legacy bridge databases, focusing on the Pontis and National Bridge Inventory databases maintained by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT). Data analysis was performed using a variety of information technology tools and statistical methods including Microsoft Access and Excel and the R Statistics System. The resulting information consists of models which were of interest to the Virginia Department of Transportation. Deterioration models were developed for Interstate bridges in Virginia. Two sub-studies were conducted in response to VDOT interests. First, Markov Chain models were developed for condition states for the most common Pontis bridge elements on the Interstate bridges. Second, regression models for condition ratings were developed for these same elements. Two additional special studies were conducted by the Virginia Bridge Information Systems Laboratory. A special study at the National Scale was performed, examining 20 years of NBI data. This study summarized typical changes in bridge performance metrics by identifying a sample of bridges with temporally contiguous data for the period from 1992 to 2012. This study uncovered the significance of maintenance and repair actions on bridge performance. Another special study examined the characteristics of bridges which were taken out of service in this same 20 year period. Statistical summaries of service life data were developed.
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data mining
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Markov chains
KW  - National Bridge Inventory
KW  - Pontis (Computer program)
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Service life
KW  - Virginia Department of Transportation
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-005-final.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55235/CAIT-UTC-005-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359779
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01561012
AU  - Klein, Hans
AU  - Watkins, Kari E
AU  - Wong, James
AU  - Reed, Landon
AU  - Wanningen, Victor
AU  - Zhang, Bingling
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Information Services in Social Networked Transportation: Governance and ITS
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 209p
AB  - The purpose of this research seeks to understand the functions and the benefits of social networked transportation (SNT), the processes that make SNT possible, and the institutional innovations needed to facilitate those processes. First, this research examines the design of procedures for standards-setting, using real-time transit data standards from both public and private organizations as a set of case studies. Secondly, this research has identified and analyzed an emerging data network in transportation, traffic management centers and third-party data providers via a web-based survey of traffic management center (TMC) managers. Thirdly, this research pursues understanding foundational principles of and strategies for social networking, taking lessons from successful social networks in the information technology (IT) sector (i.e. the Internet), and lessons from emergent social networks in other sectors (i.e. energy). Finally, a graduate level course and an application developer conference called Transportation Camp South are discussed as methods to move into the future. It is expected that the results of this research will interest a wide audience, from transportation researchers to field practitioners.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Education and training
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Social networking
KW  - Standards
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic control centers
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-26.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1347964
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560905
AU  - Ashuri, Baabak
AU  - Ilbeigi, Mohammad
AU  - Shayegh, Soheil
AU  - Hui, Yang
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Risk Management Strategies for State DOTs to Effectively Deal with Volatile Prices of Transportation Construction Materials
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 193p
AB  - Volatility in price of critical materials used in transportation projects, such as asphalt cement, leads to considerable uncertainty about project cost. This uncertainty may lead to price speculation and inflated bid prices submitted by highway contractors to protect themselves against possible price increases. One of the most common risk sharing strategies widely used by transportation agencies is price adjustment clauses (PAC) that divide potential upside and downside risk of material prices between contractors and owners. However, it is not clear whether offering PAC reduces risk premium of bids submitted by highway contractors. The research objective of this study is to explore whether offering PAC for asphalt cement can explain the variation of submitted bids for asphalt line items by highway contractors. Data on 3,749 highway projects bid out in the State of Georgia from January 1998 to July 2013 were collected to analyze the impacts of PAC on bid prices. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of several factors, such as project size, number of bidders, asphalt cement price, and availability of PAC on unit price bids submitted by highway contractors for major asphalt line items. The results show that a linear combination of several explanatory variables such as quantity of the item, total bid price, and asphalt cement price index can explain the variations of the submitted bid prices appropriately. Eligibility for the PAC program is not a statistically significant explanatory variable in most of the models. In addition, several time series models were created to forecast the short-term variation of the asphalt cement price in Georgia.
KW  - Asphalt cement
KW  - Bids
KW  - Building materials
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Cost estimating
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Prices
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Risk management
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-20.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1349696
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560380
AU  - Brewer, Marcus
AU  - Murillo, Debbie
AU  - Pate, Alan
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute, College Station
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Handbook for Designing Roadways for the Aging Population
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 428p
AB  - The original "Older Driver Highway Design Handbook" was published by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 1998 (FHWA-RD-97-135). The 2nd edition, titled "Highway Design Handbook for Older Drivers and Pedestrians" (FHWA-RD-01-103) was published in 2001. This 3rd edition, under a new title, incorporates new research findings and treatments to improve the safety of the transportation system for the aging population. The Handbook is divided into three sections. The first section explains how to use the Handbook to select treatments to address problems for aging drivers and pedestrians. The second section includes treatments for 51 proven and promising traffic control and design elements distributed among five categories: Intersections, Interchanges, Roadway Segments, Construction/Work Zones, and Highway-Rail Grade Crossings. The final section of the Handbook includes the rationale and supporting evidence for the treatments. A website including all of the content of the Handbook is available at http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/older_users/#training.
KW  - Aged
KW  - Aged drivers
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Human factors
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/older_users/handbook/aging_driver_handbook_2014_final%20.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1349705
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554225
AU  - Sun, Carlos
AU  - Edara, Praveen
AU  - Brown, Henry
AU  - Zhu, Zhongyuan (Eric)
AU  - Rahmani, Roozbeh
AU  - University of Missouri, Columbia
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
TI  - Calibration of Highway Safety Manual Work Zone Crash Modification Factors
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 42p
AB  - The Highway Safety Manual is the national safety manual that provides quantitative methods for analyzing highway safety. The HSM presents crash modification factors related to work zone characteristics such as work zone duration and length. These crash modification factors were based on high-impact work zones in California. Therefore there was a need to use work zone and safety data from the Midwest to calibrate these crash modification factors for use in the Midwest. Almost 11,000 Missouri freeway work zones were analyzed to derive a representative and stratified sample of 162 work zones. The 162 work zones was more than four times the number of work zones used in the HSM. This dataset was used for modeling and testing crash modification factors applicable to the Midwest. The dataset contained work zones ranging from 0.76 mile to 9.24 miles and with durations from 16 days to 590 days. A combined fatal/injury/non-injury model produced a R2 fit of 0.9079 and a prediction slope of 0.963. The resulting crash modification factors of 1.01 for duration and 0.58 for length were smaller than the values in the HSM. Two practical application examples illustrate the use of the crash modification factors for comparing alternate work zone setups.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Manual
KW  - Length
KW  - Midwestern States
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Time duration
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/18676/1/IADOT_SWZDI_UMC_Sun_Calibration_Highway_Safety_Manual_Work_Zone_Crash_Mod_Factors_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342435
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548535
AU  - Roelofs, Tina
AU  - Brookes, Chris
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Synthesis of Intelligent Work Zone Practices
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 49p
AB  - The ENTERPRISE Pooled Fund Program initiated a project to document the resources available as well as uses and benefits regarding the following Intelligent Work Zone (IWZ) technologies: queue warning systems, dynamic merge systems, alternate routes and variable speed limits in work zones. A detailed literature search was conducted to summarize work zone materials available related to the four work zone technologies. In addition, intelligent work zone representatives from transportation agencies were contacted to provide details on recent related deployments and provide input to the project. The purpose of this report is to understand the current status of work on IWZ activities by combining the resources gathered through a literature search with the information collected from the transportation agencies on recent deployments. Also included is a summary of the four IWZ technologies including examples of successes, any guidance possible when technologies are most effective, and the configurations that demonstrated the best results.
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Merging traffic
KW  - Routes and routing
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic queuing
KW  - Variable speed limits
KW  - Warning systems
KW  - Work zone traffic control
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/iwz/ENT_SynthesisofIWZPractices_FINALReport_June2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333219
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548504
AU  - Hatcher, Greg
AU  - Burnier, Carolina
AU  - Greer, Elizabeth
AU  - Hardesty, Dawn
AU  - Hicks, Drennan
AU  - Jacobi, Amy
AU  - Lowrance, Cheryl
AU  - Mercer, Mike
AU  - Noblis
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Intelligent Transportation Systems Benefits, Costs, and Lessons Learned: 2014 Update Report
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 136p
AB  - Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) provide a proven set of strategies for advancing transportation safety, mobility, and environmental sustainability by integrating communication and information technology applications into the management and operation of the transportation system across all modes. In the future, ITS technologies will transform surface transportation by offering a connected environment among vehicles, the infrastructure and passengers' wireless devices, allowing drivers to send and receive real-time information about potential hazards and road conditions. The U.S. Department of Transportation’s (U.S. DOT) ITS research program focuses on the overall advancement of ITS through investments in emerging ITS technologies, as well as supporting the evaluation of deployed ITS. This report presents information on the benefits, costs, and lessons learned regarding ITS planning, deployment, and operations obtained from almost twenty years of evaluation data. The report is based upon three related Web-based databases, known collectively as the ITS Knowledge Resources (KRs). The Knowledge Resources were developed by the U.S. DOT’s ITS Joint Program Office (JPO) evaluation program to support informed decision making regarding ITS investments by tracking the effectiveness of deployed ITS. The Knowledge Resources contain over eighteen years of summaries of the benefits, costs, and lessons learned of specific ITS implementations, drawn primarily from written sources such as ITS evaluation studies, research syntheses, handbooks, journal articles, and conference papers. They can be accessed online at www.itskrs.its.dot.gov. The report has been developed as a collection of factsheets presenting information on the performance of deployed ITS, as well as information on the costs, and lessons learned regarding ITS deployment and operations. The report has been designed to be flexible for the user. There are a total of 20 factsheets representing the 16 taxonomy areas. Four of the taxonomy areas (arterial management, freeway management, transit management, and driver assistance) have enough data to require more than one factsheet.
KW  - Benefits
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Costs
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://www.itsknowledgeresources.its.dot.gov/its/bcllupdate/pdf/BCLL_2014_Combined_JPO-FINAL.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54200/54247/BCLL_2014_Combined_JPO-FINAL5.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334694
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548498
AU  - Dyre, Brian P
AU  - Abdel-Rahim, Ahmed
AU  - University of Idaho, Moscow
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving Passing Lane Safety and Efficiency for Alaska's Rural Non-divided Highways
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 112p
AB  - A series of experiments using a fixed-base driving simulator were conducted to examine the potential safety and operational benefits of several highway safety interventions for reducing collision risk. The approach sought to go beyond typical mitigations of collision risk that use explicit behavioral interventions, such as enforcing lower speed limits (regulation) and public education (safety warnings). Instead, the authors examined whether semi-permanent alterations to the visual appearance of the unsafe zones might implicitly reduce risky driver behaviors by slowing traffic and inducing better passing decisions without drivers being consciously aware that their behavior is being affected. Such implicit changes in behavior may be more efficient and long-lasting since they do not require conscious compliance from drivers nor engagement from law enforcement. Taken together, the results of the experiments clearly show that regulatory signs early in a passing zone that limit the speed of right-lane drivers relative to left-lane drivers offer the greatest opportunity for increasing the efficiency—and perhaps also the safety—of rural passing zones.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Driving simulators
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Passing lanes
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Speed signs
KW  - Traffic speed
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/passinglanefinalreport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333136
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548313
AU  - Frosch, Robert J
AU  - Bobet, Antonio
AU  - Khasawneh, Yazen
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Reduction of Bridge Construction and Maintenance Costs through Coupled Geotechnical and Structural Design of Integral Abutment Bridges
SN  - 9781622603077
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 180p
AB  - Elimination of expansion joints in the superstructure of integral abutment bridges offers the advantage of reducing the initial and life cycle costs of the structure. However, such elimination may have an adverse effect on the displacement demand at the pile-abutment connection and on the earth pressures on the abutment wall due to the thermal expansion/contraction cycles of the bridge. These adverse effects have resulted in regulations that impose restrictions on the maximum length and skew angle of integral abutment bridges. This research consisted of a deep analysis of the problem by considering soil-structure interaction. The approach was multifaceted as it included experimental and numerical analysis. Upon calibration and verification of the constitutive model, it was used as part of a parametric analysis to provide recommendations for the design limits of integral abutment bridges. The analysis results showed that active state earth pressure is reached after the first contraction cycle. The displacement demand on piles is a function of the abutment wall displacement. Larger displacement demand of the pile at the acute corner when compared to the obtuse corner was observed during expansion and contraction cycles. The inflection point of the piles deformed shape was found to be at relatively shallow depth. Concrete shrinkage and sequence of loading affected significantly the displacement demand of the supporting piles, lower displacement demand of piles during the expansion cycle and larger displacement demand during contraction cycles. The analysis showed that a 500 ft bridge with 60° skew will provide acceptable long term performance.
KW  - Bridge abutments
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Constitutive models
KW  - Design limits
KW  - Displacement (Structural)
KW  - Earth pressure
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Jointless bridges
KW  - Piles (Supports)
KW  - Skew angle
KW  - Soil structure interaction
KW  - Span length
KW  - Structural connection
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315500
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335454
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544587
AU  - Wesson, Michael D
AU  - Pavelchak, Matthew A
AU  - Frosch, Robert J
AU  - Kreger, Michael E
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving the Design of U‐Beams for Indiana
SN  - 9781622603060
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 202p
AB  - The use of prestressed U‐beams, developed as an economical and aesthetic alternative to traditional I‐beams, is becoming increasingly common. While U‐beams are seeing increased use, questions have arisen in the design of bridges utilizing this girder type. Specific issues include live load distribution, bridge deck behavior, and debonding limits. First, since the U‐beam is a new girder type, limited guidance exists for the live load distributions to be used in design. Second, due to the increased stiffness and strength of this girder, fewer girder lines are required resulting in increased deck spans. Finally, current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) debonding limits severely restrict the efficiency and economy of the section. The objective of this research program is to develop design strategies to improve the efficiency and optimize the design of the Indiana modified U‐beam with a focus on the concerns related to the design of U‐beams. In particular, this research program will evaluate the live load distribution appropriate for the design of U‐beams, assess the behavior and design of the bridge deck when supported by U‐beams, and evaluate both the shear strength and shear design of the composite U‐beam system. It is important that the strength of pretensioned concrete beams with debonded strand be fully evaluated. Five phases of research were conducted. The first phase consisted of evaluation of a U‐beam bridge constructed in Indianapolis, Indiana to assess the live load distribution factors and flexural deck behavior of this bridge. The second phase evaluated the effectiveness of debonding sheathing to ensure that proper debonding is being achieved. The third phase evaluated the influence of the percentage of debonded strands on shear strength using rectangular and I‐shaped cross sections to investigate flexure‐shear and web‐shear strengths, respectively. While this phase concentrated on the shear strength resisted by the concrete, the influence of transverse reinforcement was also evaluated. The fourth phase evaluated the influence of varying strength concretes, which are commonly used in composite sections, on shear strength. Finally, the fifth phase evaluated the shear strength of a 50% debonded U‐beam both with and without transverse reinforcement. From the results, an improved understanding of the influence of debonding on shear strength is obtained. Recommendations are provided to improve the analysis, design, and construction of U‐beams as well as the design and construction of girders utilizing debonded strand in general.
KW  - Beams
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Debonding
KW  - Girders
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Live loads
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - U beams
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315501
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329667
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544519
AU  - McCormack, Sarah M
AU  - Sturgill, Roy
AU  - Howell, Brian
AU  - Van Dyke, Chris
AU  - Kreis, Doug
AU  - University of Kentucky, Lexington
AU  - Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Green Infrastructure
PY  - 2014/06//Year 3 Final Report
SP  - 136p
AB  - The transportation industry has increasingly recognized the vital role sustainability serves in promoting  and protecting the transportation infrastructure of the nation. Many state Departments of Transportation have correspondingly increased efforts to incorporate concepts of sustainability into the planning, design, and construction phases of projects and congruently adopted sustainability measures into their internal standard policies and procedures. Sustainably constructed highways foster economic development, promote stewardship of the environment, and solicit citizen involvement for an integrated, comprehensive approach to project planning. As part of an effort to understand the extent to which sustainable design and construction principles are being used, this report selects and analyzes three case studies involving previously completed Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) projects and assesses their commitment to sustainable concepts. Specifically, this report examines the extent to which KYTC utilized sustainable concepts for each case study as described in the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) INVEST rating system. This research effort comprised three components. First, Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) researchers analyzed KYTC’s policies and manuals for project planning, design, and construction and determined the extent to which INVEST criteria and related principles were incorporated into their standard processes. Second, KTC analyzed the individual case studies themselves, to include project plans and other relevant documentation. Finally, KTC conducted interviews with each of the KYTC district offices responsible for managing those previously completed projects and obtained feedback on the INVEST criteria used for each particular project. Following this approach, KTC validated and finalized the assigned scoring ratings for each case study in accordance with the INVEST scoring guidance. In  summary, this report describes the sustainable concepts and corresponding INVEST scores for each project, presents a summary of the main findings, and provides recommendations for the way ahead.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Infrastructure Voluntary Evaluation Sustainability Tool (INVEST)
KW  - Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Project management
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Sustainable development
UR  - http://www.ktc.uky.edu/files/2014/11/KTC_14_10_SPR_447_12_1F_.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329863
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01543178
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Long-Term Bridge Performance High Priority Bridge Performance Issues
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 8p
AB  - This document is a technical summary of the published Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)  report "Long-Term Bridge Performance High Priority Bridge Performance Issues" (FHWA-HRT-14-052). The objective of this TechBrief is to describe the bridge performance issues that will be studied under the Long-Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) Program, including how they were identified and prioritized  with the assistance of bridge owners and other key stakeholders in the bridge community. It is intended for bridge owners and the bridge community at large (i.e., bridge engineers, bridge inspectors, and bridge asset managers) interested in the activities of the LTBP Program. The LTBP Program is designed in part to collect critical performance data that are not available elsewhere and merge them with data gathered from available sources. The four primary  issues in bridge performance are the following: Structural condition—durability and serviceability (including fatigue); Functionality—user safety and service; Costs (to State transportation departments and users); and  Structural integrity—safety and stability in failure modes.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Costs
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Durability
KW  - Long term performance
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - Safety
KW  - Serviceability
KW  - Structural integrity
KW  - Structural stability
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/ltbp/14043/14043.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330059
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541402
AU  - Zatar, Wael
AU  - Nguyen, Hai
AU  - Marshall University
AU  - West Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Weathering Steel Overhead Sign Structures in West Virginia
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 322p
AB  - This report presents the results and findings of the research work aimed at evaluating 82 weathering steel sign structures in Charleston Interstate System in West Virginia. Twenty-six comprehensive inspection forms were developed to objectively evaluate the current condition of the following sign structure types: single and double arm ground mount cantilever structures; bridge superstructure mount cantilever structures; retaining wall mount cantilever structures; retaining wall mount truss structures; two-dimensional and three-dimensional ground mount truss structures; bridge parapet mount truss structures; and bridge frame mount structures. The work included performing extensive field inspection of the elements of each sign structure including the foundations, drainage issues, grout pads, base plates, anchor bolts/nuts/washers, connections between base plates and vertical columns, vertical columns and horizontal chords, connections between vertical columns and horizontal chords, welded splice  connections, and attachments. An element condition rating was developed. The element condition rating took into consideration specific rating criteria ranging from severe to good condition. Current condition of each sign structure was then evaluated by an overall condition rating system. The overall condition rating is estimated based on calculating the ratio between the total score of each structure (S) and its maximum possible total score (Smax). Following the developed rating methodology presented in the report for the inspected weathering steel sign structures, seven percent were found to be at high risk, 50 percent were at moderate risk, and 43 percent were at low risk. The rating system is intended to assist the West Virginia Division of Highways (WVDOH) to make rational decisions on whether there is a need to  repair or replace at-risk elements or connections. In-depth evaluations are recommended for the sign structures with the highest risk rating. Further evaluations are recommended for the sign structures with a moderate risk rating to detect any serious defects which may endanger the structure or the traveling public. Normal periodic inspections are recommended for the sign structures with a low risk rating.
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Forms (Documents)
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Ratings
KW  - Sign supports
KW  - Traffic signs
KW  - Weathering steel
KW  - West Virginia
UR  - http://www.mticutc.org/assets/pdf/Final_Report-_Weathering_Steel_Overhead_Sign_Structures.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326941
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538338
AU  - Guthrie, W Spencer
AU  - Bytheway, Rachel
AU  - Dye, Jeremy B
AU  - Eggett, Dennis L
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Comparison of Wintertime Asphalt and Concrete Pavement Surface Temperatures on U.S. Route 40 Near Heber, Utah
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 39p
AB  - Asphalt and concrete pavement surface temperatures were compared at a location on U.S. Route 40 in  northern Utah where asphalt and concrete meet end to end at the base of the mountain pass. An environmental sensor station was installed to facilitate monitoring of asphalt and concrete pavement surface temperatures, as well as selected climatic variables, at the site. To compare the surface temperatures of the concrete and asphalt pavements during freezing conditions, multivariate regression analyses were performed on data collected during the three winter seasons from 2009 to 2012. Equations were generated for three response variables, including the asphalt surface temperature, concrete surface temperature, and difference in temperatures between the asphalt and concrete surfaces. The statistical models developed in the analyses show that the surface temperature of both asphalt and concrete pavement increases with increasing air temperature and decreases with increasing relative humidity and wind speed and that the difference in pavement temperatures decreases with decreasing air temperature. For the studied site, the data indicate that concrete pavement will experience freezing before asphalt pavement for all time  periods except late afternoon, when the pavement types are predicted to freeze at the same air temperature. Therefore, for material properties and environmental conditions similar to those evaluated in this study, asphalt would require less winter maintenance, on average, than concrete. Due to the interactions among albedo, specific heat, and thermal conductivity, the actual thermal behavior of a given pavement will depend on the material properties and environmental conditions specific to the site.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Freezing
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Surface temperature
KW  - Time periods
KW  - Utah
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://www.udot.utah.gov/main/uconowner.gf?n=15640513143397303
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322291
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538277
AU  - ICF International
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Impacts of Climate Change and Variability on Transportation Systems and Infrastructure: The Gulf Coast Study, Phase 2, Task 3.1: Screening for Vulnerability
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 375p
AB  - As part of Gulf Coast Study Phase 2, the U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) sought to improve its understanding of how a metropolitan transportation system—including highways, ports, airports, rail, transit, and pipelines—could be affected by climate change. Building on previous work  under this project that determined which transportation assets were critical and that developed climate projection data and scenarios, the U.S. DOT developed and tested methodologies for conducting a  transportation system-wide climate vulnerability assessment. The goals of this effort were two-fold: (1) to develop and pilot novel approaches for conducting system-wide climate change vulnerability assessments with the intention that the methodologies could be replicated by other transportation  agencies, and (2) to understand where important transportation-related climate vulnerabilities may exist in Mobile, Alabama, the metropolitan planning organization (MPO) serving as the pilot for all  methodologies developed under the Gulf Coast project.
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Gulf Coast
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Metropolitan areas
KW  - Mobile (Alabama)
KW  - Risk assessment
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/ongoing_and_current_research/gulf_coast_study/phase2_task3/task_3.1/phase2task3.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322515
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538255
AU  - Rogers, Maile A
AU  - Guthrie, W Spencer
AU  - Flerchinger, Gerald N
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Water Vapor Movement in Freezing Aggregate Base Materials
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 281p
AB  - The objectives of this research were to 1) measure the extent to which water vapor movement results in  water accumulation in freezing base materials; 2) evaluate the effect of soil stabilization on water vapor movement in freezing base materials; 3) determine if the corresponding changes in water content are sufficient to cause frost heave during winter; 4) determine if the corresponding changes in water content are sufficient to cause reductions in stiffness during spring; 5) evaluate relationships between selected material properties, freezing conditions, and the occurrence and impact of water vapor movement; and 6) numerically simulate heat and water movement in selected pavement design scenarios. The research involved extensive laboratory and field testing, statistical analyses, and numerical modeling. For a pavement section with a base layer underlain by a capillary barrier, water vapor movement may be expected to increase the water content of the base layer by 1 to 3 percent during a typical winter  season in northern Utah, with the effect of stabilization depending on the soil properties. Accumulation of water from long-term water vapor movement into a frost-susceptible base material can lead to frost heave of the base layer as it approaches saturation but may not cause measurable increases in thaw weakening of the base layer during spring. Because water in the base layer cannot drain until nearly reaching positive pore pressures, only non-frost-susceptible base materials should be specified for use in cold climates in conjunction with capillary barriers, and the base material should be assumed to remain in a saturated condition during the entire service life of the pavement.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Freezing
KW  - Frost heaving
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Stiffness
KW  - Utah
KW  - Water vapor
UR  - http://www.udot.utah.gov/main/uconowner.gf?n=15640614097416474
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322297
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538187
AU  - Guthrie, W Spencer
AU  - Thomas, Chase D
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Deicer Usage on Concrete and Asphalt Pavements in Utah
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 110p
AB  - The objectives of this research were to 1) compile winter maintenance data for the Utah Department of  Transportation (UDOT) to directly compare concrete and asphalt pavements with regards to deicer usage and 2) determine if there is a statistical difference in deicer usage on concrete and asphalt pavements. To this end, three data sources were consulted for this research: Maintenance Management Quality Assurance (MMQA) database, UDOT road database, and Google Maps. The final compiled data set prepared for analysis in this research contained deicer quantities by deicer type, pavement surface areas by pavement material type, traffic, longitude, latitude, and elevation data. The deicer data evaluated in this analysis represented the total quantities of each deicer distributed during the 8-year period during which the MMQA database was used by UDOT. Several multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine if concrete or asphalt pavements required different amounts of deicers, including salt, Redmond salt, brine, wetted salt, magnesium chloride, sand, pre-mix, and wetted pre-mix, during the winter seasons evaluated in this research. From the results of the statistical analyses, concrete proportion was statistically significant in models for three of the dependent variables, including brine, wetted salt, and wetted pre-mix. However, neither the full nor the reduced regression model prepared for the sum of all deicers had concrete proportion as one of the significant variables. The absence of concrete proportion as an independent variable in these models shows that, on average, after correcting for differences in traffic volume and pavement area, deicer usage in Utah is not affected by pavement type. Therefore, except in areas where applications of brine, wetted salt, and wetted pre-mix are common, winter maintenance costs should not be a factor in the  determination of pavement type.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Linear regression analysis
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Utah
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://www.udot.utah.gov/main/uconowner.gf?n=15631113189708784
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322287
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01537858
AU  - Stanley, Laura
AU  - Plumb, Carolyn
AU  - Pimley, Eric
AU  - Borden, Kelly
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Montana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Final Report: A Peer-to-Peer Traffic Safety Campaign
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 201p
AB  - The purpose of this project was to implement a peer-to-peer driver’s safety program designed for high school students. This project builds upon an effective peer-to-peer outreach effort in Texas entitled Teens in the Driver Seat (TDS), the nation’s first peer-to-peer driving safety program run by teens for teens. This program is based on the idea that teens will pay more attention to ideas that are presented by their peers than to those that come from adults. The peer-to-peer traffic safety campaign program empowers high school students to create methods of outreach to their peers. The implementation of this project followed that of the TDS high school program developed by the Texas Transportation Institute, and was assessed using a case–control experimental design across two urban and two rural Montana high schools that included approximately 2,700 students. Results did show some early success in improving teens’ awareness of the most dangerous risk factors for teen drivers. Moreover, the program was found to be effective in reaching even those teens in the schools that were not affiliated with the program. These results were more prominent in the rural group than the urban group. However, self-reported driving behaviors did not reflect this change (except for an increase in seatbelt usage). Urban teens reported being influenced most by their peers, closely followed by a parent, whereas rural teens reported being nearly equally influenced by their peers and a parent. Another key finding was that the effectiveness of certain types of peer-to-peer media, such as posters,differed by school size.
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Behavior modification
KW  - High school students
KW  - Montana
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Parents
KW  - Peer groups
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Safety campaigns
KW  - Teenage drivers
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Traffic safety education
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/research_proj/peer-to-peer/FINAL_REPORT_14.pdf
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/research_proj/peer-to-peer/GUIDEBOOK_MAR14.PDF
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323232
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535813
AU  - Pecheux, Kelley Klaver
AU  - Geiselbrecht, Tina S
AU  - Kraus, Edgar
AU  - Simek, Chris
AU  - Kennedy, Jason
AU  - Bricka, Stacey G
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Applied Engineering Management (AEM) Corporation
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
TI  - Creation of a Customer Relations Development System
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 181p
AB  - The objective of this project was to conduct research that would lead to the development of recommendations and specifications for a system that could facilitate efficient two-way communications between Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and its customers and that could efficiently and accurately gather, process, and quantify the needs and requirements of ODOT’s customers. A variety of data collection activities were employed, including: a best practices review of peer organizations, an  assessment of available customer relations tools and software, interviews and a focus group with ODOT staff, an assessment of the quantity and quality of ODOT customer communications data and an analysis of individual communications, and a limited customer survey. The findings were used to conduct in-depth gap and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analyses. The gaps, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were all assessed across four areas: internal processes and communications; customer communications portals/tools; customer communications, information, and service; and customer communications data. The results of these analyses elucidated a number of gaps and challenges standing in the way of ODOT realizing its goals for improved two-way communications and customer service. On the other hand, the research also identified a wide variety of available opportunities (both immediate and longer term) that could help ODOT achieve its goals.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Communication systems
KW  - Customer satisfaction
KW  - Customer service
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Databases
KW  - Ohio Department of Transportation
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/889248467/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1318829
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535769
AU  - Liu, Xiaofeng
AU  - Ashraf, Fahmidah
AU  - Strom, Kyle B
AU  - Wang, Keh-Han
AU  - Briaud, Jean-Louis
AU  - Sharif, Hatim
AU  - Bin-Shafique, Sazzad
AU  - University of Texas, San Antonio
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessment of the Effects of Regional Channel Stability and Sediment Transport on Roadway Hydraulic Structures
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 236p
AB  - This report includes a literature review on the subject of degradation and aggradation, bank erosion, channel stability, fluvial geomorphology, river hydraulics, and erosion countermeasures. Researchers also collected and integrated data from all possible sources into a geographic information system (GIS) database which can be used by Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) engineers. Then the research team surveyed existing numerical models with the aim of identifying tools to evaluate different design options. The selected tools were tested on six sites in Texas where field observations and measurements were carried out in this project. Sediment samples were taken from both the river bottom and the banks. Samples were processed in the lab for grain size distributions. They were also tested using the Erosion Function Apparatus (EFA) at Texas A&M University (TAMU). The results from these tests were used in the predictive models. The final product is the analysis procedures and design guidelines for structures in unstable streams. The document is written in the format which can readily replace the relevant section in the current TxDOT Hydraulic Design Manual.
KW  - Channel stabilization
KW  - Channels (Waterways)
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Databases
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Geomorphology
KW  - Hydraulic structures
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Scour
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6724-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317302
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535732
AU  - Wang, Yinhai
AU  - Araghi, Bahar Namaki
AU  - Malinovskiy, Yegor
AU  - Corey, Jonathan
AU  - Cheng, Tianxing
AU  - Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Error Assessment for Emerging Traffic Data Collection Devices
PY  - 2014/06//Research Report
SP  - 122p
AB  - Because access to travel time information can significantly influence the decision making of both agencies  and travelers, accurate and reliable travel time information is increasingly needed. One important step in  providing that information is to identify the sensors best suited to provide travel time data for a given  corridor. Currently, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of various travel time data collection  technologies side-by-side. This evaluation was intended to provide decision support for transportation  agencies looking to select travel time systems on the basis of accuracy, reliability, and cost. This study  focused on two test corridors: State Route 522 (SR 522) (an urban arterial with frequent intersections)  between the NE 153rd Street and 83rd Place NE intersections, and I-90 (rural freeway built over  Snoqualmie Pass in the Cascade mountains) from milepost 109 (Ellensburg, Washington) to milepost 32 (North Bend, Wash). The sensor systems tested were Washington State Department of Transportation’s pre-existing automatic license plate reader (ALPR) system, Sensys emplacements, the TrafficCast BlueTOAD system, Blip Systems BlipTrack sensors, and a third-party feed from Inrix. This study’s approach was to look at the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) to judge the expected magnitude of error, then examine the Mean Percent Error (MPE) to find any systematic biases in the data. The Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) was useful for finding the relative magnitude of the error, and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was used to determine whether a few large errors or many smaller errors were occurring. Each system in the analysis demonstrated different strengths and weaknesses that should be considered in addition to its accuracy and sample rates. Some systems can provide additional data; others trade accuracy and coverage for cost or portability. Ultimately, engineers will need to weigh their requirements for  accuracy and sample rates against the other engineering constraints imposed on their system.
KW  - Accuracy
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Costs
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Reliability
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Technology assessment
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://depts.washington.edu/pactrans/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/PacTrans-18-624909-McCormack-Edward-Small-Project.pdf
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/810.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320031
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535687
AU  - McAvoy, Deborah S
AU  - Theberge, Ryan
AU  - Ohio University, Athens
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Comparison and Testing of Various Noise Wall Materials
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 224p
AB  - Noise barriers are a necessary structure along the highway to protect the local residents from excessive  road noise. There are many different materials from which noise barriers can be constructed. As of 2004, the most widely used noise barrier material was concrete which accounts for approximately 80 percent of all the noise barriers in the United States. Other noise barrier materials include metal, plastic, wood or soil. Each of the materials used to construct noise barriers has advantages and disadvantages both acoustically and aesthetically. This study was done to determine which of the currently used noise barrier materials in Ohio produced the largest noise reduction. There were seven different materials field tested across the State of Ohio; absorptive concrete walls, reflective concrete walls, hollow fiberglass walls, rubber-filled fiberglass walls, steel walls, clear walls and earthen berms. The noise barriers were tested by measuring noise levels in front of the barrier, above the barrier and behind the barrier while recording traffic data (volume, class, and lane position) and atmospheric conditions. The noise reduction results across the various barrier materials were then compared to determine which material yielded the greatest noise reduction. The Traffic Noise Model (TNM) parameters were set to replicate each site that was tested and the noise reduction results from the model were recorded. The results from the model and the field were then compared to determine if the model is an accurate representation of the field.
KW  - Berms
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Fiberglass
KW  - Materials tests
KW  - Noise barriers
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Retaining walls
KW  - Sound level
KW  - Sound transmission
KW  - Steel
KW  - Traffic noise
KW  - Traffic Noise Model
UR  - http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Planning/SPR/Research/reportsandplans/Reports/2014/Environmental/134697_FR.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52400/52456/134697_Underway.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1318682
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535660
AU  - Chang, Carlos M
AU  - Saenz, Daniel
AU  - Abdallah, Imad N
AU  - Wimsatt, Andrew
AU  - Freeman, Tom
AU  - Fernando, Emmanuel G
AU  - University of Texas, El Paso
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - TxDOT Guidelines to Assign PMIS Treatment Levels
PY  - 2014/06//Technical Report
SP  - 72p
AB  - This report has been developed to provide Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) with guidelines to assign Pavement Management Information System (PMIS) treatment levels for asphalt and rigid pavements which include Preventive Maintenance (PM), Light Rehabilitation (LRhb), Medium Rehabilitation (MRhb), and Heavy Rehabilitation (HRhb). The treatment level definitions were presented as well as their respective construction projects and frequency of use by TxDOT. The work treatments were defined with focus on the description, conditions for use, advantages, limitations, and expected performance. A decision-support matrix is also included for asphalt and concrete pavements with the aim of identifying the best treatment, based on the severity of existing distresses, traffic levels, functionality of the road, and extent of surface imperfections. In the case of asphalt pavements, an approach was presented to include available structural indices in the network-level decision making process.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement Management Information System
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Preventive maintenance
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Rigid pavements
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6673-P1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320001
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534772
AU  - Miller, John S
AU  - Turner, Bethany L
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Determinants of Variability in Preliminary Engineering Funding
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 184p
AB  - For the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), preliminary engineering (PE) is a phase in the project development process whose expenditures are differentiated from the right of way (RW) and construction (CN) phases. PE funds support tasks such as planning studies, preliminary and final design, public involvement, and environmental processes. At the program level—that is, the aggregate funds from all projects that are to be allocated to PE as opposed to RW or CN—PE  expenditures must be large enough to prepare future projects for construction yet small enough to build existing projects. The initial interest in this study resulted from the fact that, assuming a fixed program amount, higher PE spending will be associated with lower CN spending, and construction spending is logically of interest to VDOT’s stakeholders. At the project level—that is, the PE funds available for a specific project—forecast PE expenditures provide project managers with a guideline regarding what resources will be needed to prepare a specific project for construction. This report analyzes the extent and causes of this variability in PE expenditures at the program and project levels. At the program level, the mean statewide PE pooled percentage was 14.7% based on data reflecting FY 2004-2012. The mean annual district PE percentage for the same period ranged from 11.3% to 21.3%, and much of this variation (89%) was explained by three statistically significant variables: the percent of expenditures spent on minimum-plan or no-plan jobs (as opposed to complete plan jobs); the percent of projects in the development phase (e.g., projects for which PE or RW but not CN funds were spent); and the percent of expenditures spent each year on large projects (defined as universal project codes [UPCs] in the 99th percentile for a given district and year). At the project level, variations in PE expenditures were explained by statistically  significant variables such as the estimated construction cost, the project’s duration, whether it is administered by VDOT or some other entity, the length of the project in miles, and whether the project has a categorical exclusion. Based on a testing set of data that was not used to build the project-level forecasting models, the results suggested that the forecasting error—that is, the  difference between forecast PE expenditures and actual PE expenditures for a given project—can be reduced from a mean value of about $195,000 (when one considers construction expenditures only as is currently the case) to about $109,000 (when one considers these other variables in a recalibrated model). The study recommends that the project-specific model developed herein be further piloted to determine if it continues to offer improved accuracy relative to an existing approach that relies only on the construction cost estimate. The study also recommends that the experiences one district has had of providing historical PE percentages to stakeholders in the planning and programming process be shared with other VDOT districts. Because the study showed that interviews of district staff were essential for understanding how to interpret PE expenditures, the two recommendations offered were applied at the district level.
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Financing
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Highway engineering
KW  - Highway projects
KW  - Preliminary engineering
KW  - Programming (Planning)
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Virginia Department of Transportation
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320127
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532322
AU  - Ozyildirim, Celik
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Lightweight High-Performance Concrete Bulb-T Beams With Self-Consolidating Concrete in a Bridge Structure
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 26p
AB  - Lightweight high-performance concrete (LWHPC) with a pozzolan (fly ash or silica fume) or slag cement is expected to provide high strength and high durability with reduced dead load. Reduced dead load may provide savings in the substructure elements. Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a new technology with a very high level of workability as it easily fills formwork under the influence of its own mass, typically without any additional consolidation energy. In this study, self-consolidating LWHPC with slag cement was used in the prestressed bulb-T beams for the bridge on Route 17 over Route 15/29 in Fauquier County, Virginia. The deck has LWHPC with slag cement. The bridge has two spans, each 128 ft long. Test beams 65 ft long with the same cross section as the actual beams were cast and tested prior to the fabrication of the bridge beams. The LWHPC provided satisfactory strength and permeability in the test beams and bridge beams  that were also SCC. The bridge deck concrete had satisfactory strength and durability with no cracks after two winters. The study recommends that lightweight SCCs with pozzolans or slag cement be considered in beams when there are long spans, poor soil conditions, and congested reinforcement. It is also recommended that lightweight concretes be considered for reducing deck cracking.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Durability
KW  - Lightweight concrete
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Pozzolan
KW  - Self compacting concrete
KW  - Slag cement
KW  - T beams
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r15.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317289
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01531512
AU  - Druta, Christian
AU  - Wang, Linbing
AU  - Lane, D Stephen
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of the MMLS3 for Accelerated Wearing of Asphalt Pavement Mixtures Containing Carbonate Aggregates
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 33p
AB  - The purpose of this study was to develop an accelerated wearing protocol for assessing the susceptibility of asphalt surface mixtures to polishing. This was the second phase of the study. The first phase focused on assessing the characteristics of selected carbonate aggregates available in Virginia that are normally classified as “polishing” and thus not considered suitable for use in pavements except for those roads with an average daily traffic of less than 750 vehicles per day. The selection of aggregates used in pavements is critical in producing surfaces that will continue to provide good skid resistance through a lengthy service life. The specifications of the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) call for “non-polishing aggregate” for use in most surface layers. The study was aimed at making use of locally available polishing aggregates that can reduce the cost of asphalt mixtures while maintaining satisfactory wearing and skid characteristics of the pavements. The objectives of the research were (1) to evaluate the polishing/wear features of mixtures containing limestone aggregate in the laboratory using an accelerated method; (2) to compare friction properties of the laboratory-polished specimens with actual pavement friction measurements; and (3) to compare friction properties of mixtures containing carbonate rock or blends with those of mixtures with non-carbonate rocks. The study included three types of aggregates, i.e., limestone, quartzite, and granite, and blends of these aggregates. The surface mixtures studied were conventional SM-9.5 and SM-12.5 mixtures containing various percentages of limestone, limestone recycled asphalt pavement, and limestone-granite/quartzite blends. The suggested test protocol to evaluate the polishing of asphalt concrete specimens prepared in the laboratory was developed using the third-scale model mobile load simulator (MMLS3). The MMLS3 is capable of applying realistic rolling wheel contact stresses similar to those on highways from the moving traffic. The skid resistance, friction, and texture of actual pavement surfaces and laboratory-fabricated specimens were measured after different polishing intervals. Skid resistance and frictional characteristics were measured by the British pendulum tester (BPT), dynamic friction tester, and locked-wheel skid tester; the circular texture meter was used to measure surface macrotexture. Results showed that the MMLS3 can be used to simulate traffic wearing of asphalt concrete specimens of different shapes and sizes in the laboratory including core specimens removed from existing pavements and that the BPT is effective in characterizing changes in friction on specimens that are subjected to simulated trafficking via the MMLS3. Further, test specimens should have a high initial macrotexture and mixtures should have good stability so that the wearing effects are focused on the aggregates. The study recommends that the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research (VCTIR) work with Virginia Tech and  VDOT’s western districts to design and conduct an experiment to explore a series of carbonate / non-carbonate aggregate blends for asphalt mixtures and that the mixture gradations be designed to prevent the absence of macrotexture from impacting the ability to measure the “polish” of the coarse aggregate structure of the experimental mixtures. VCTIR should purchase tires with different tread patterns and try them on the MMLS3 to evaluate the polishing rate of specimens in more detail.
KW  - Accelerated tests
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Carbonate rocks
KW  - Durability
KW  - Friction tests
KW  - Granite
KW  - Limestone aggregates
KW  - Polishing (Aggregates)
KW  - Quartzite
KW  - Skid resistance
KW  - Texture
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r17.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316732
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01531508
AU  - Casey, Patrick C
AU  - Alwan, Clarence W
AU  - Kline, Christine F
AU  - Landgraf, Gregory K
AU  - Linsenmayer, Kimberly R
AU  - CTC & Associates LLC
AU  - Idaho Transportation Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Impacts of Using Salt and Salt Brine for Roadway Deicing
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 152p
AB  - Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) uses a variety of methods to help ensure safe travel on the state highway system following winter storm events. These methods include plowing, use of sand to improve traction, and use of salt and chemical compounds for deicing. While the use of salt and salt brines can help keep roads free of snow and ice, improving safety and mobility, questions have been raised about their contribution to wildlife-vehicle collisions (big-game animals may be attracted to salt used on roadways), their environmental impacts, and the corrosive effects on vehicles. To better understand these impacts, ITD requested a review of literature and state practices in each of these three areas of concern.
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Idaho
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://www.itd.idaho.gov/highways/research/archived/reports/RP231FINALImpactsOfUsingSaltAndSaltBrineSynthesisWithLinks06192014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316730
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530978
AU  - Figliozzi, Miguel
AU  - Monsere, Chris
AU  - Nordback, Krista
AU  - Johnson, Pamela
AU  - Blanc, Bryan
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design and Implementation of Pedestrian and Bicycle-Specific Data Collection Methods in Oregon: Pilot Study
PY  - 2014/06//Pilot Study Report
SP  - 61p
AB  - Although there is a growing need to access accurate and reliable pedestrian and bicycle data, there is no  statewide system to collect data or plan future data collection efforts in the state of Oregon. To address  these issues this research conducted a comprehensive review of pedestrian and bicycle data collection  methods and counting technologies. Oregon data sources were also compiled and average annual daily traffic (AADT) estimation techniques were reviewed and applied to Oregon data. A pilot study was conducted to test bicycle and pedestrian counting methods at signalized intersections with 2070 controllers. The report also provides a summary of recommendations regarding factoring methods and the implementation of a statewide non-motorized data collection system.
KW  - Annual average daily traffic
KW  - Bicycle counts
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Pedestrian counts
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Traffic counting
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR754_Ped_and_Bicycle_PilotStudy.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315665
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530977
AU  - Sharp, Stephen R
AU  - Ozyildirim, Celik
AU  - Mokarem, David W
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Corrosion Sensitivity of Concrete Mix Designs
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 32p
AB  - This study compared the durability of concrete mixtures containing supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) by evaluating the permeability, absorption, and corrosion resistance of seven mix designs and two types of reinforcement. Permeability and alkalinity are contributing factors to the durability of portland cement concrete and can strongly influence the service life and corrosion resistance of the embedded steel. In reinforced concrete systems, the ingress of chloride ions increases the probability of corrosion of the reinforcing steel. Reducing the permeability of concrete enhances its durability by hindering the ingress of chloride ions from reaching the embedded steel surface and initiating corrosion. SCMs such as Class F fly ash, silica fume, and slag cement are widely used in concrete in an effort to reduce permeability. In addition, the alkaline environment of concrete enables the formation of a passive film on the surface of the steel. As long as this protective environment is maintained, the corrosion rate of the reinforcing bar will be insignificant for the majority of applications. The results of this study indicated that the use of SCMs can reduce the permeability and absorption of the concrete, leading to more durable structures than those with plain concretes; therefore, their continued use in structures by the Virginia Department of Transportation is recommended. However, different SCMs have varying levels of durability, and the agency should consider this information when selecting SCMs for specific applications. The absorption test results in this study provided a reasonable correlation with the corrosion test results. Therefore, the absorption test should be more closely investigated as a means of evaluating the corrosion protection provided by SCMs. This  study also demonstrated that the corrosion-resistant reinforcement plays the most vital role in minimizing corrosion. SCMs provide durable concretes and in combination with the corrosion-resistant reinforcement ensure reinforced concrete structures with longer service lives.
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Corrosion resistance
KW  - Durability
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Reinforced concrete
KW  - Silica fume
KW  - Slag cement
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r19.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316029
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530973
AU  - Gibbons, Ronald
AU  - Guo, Feng
AU  - Medina, Alejandra
AU  - Terry, Travis
AU  - Du, Jianhe
AU  - Lutkevich, Paul
AU  - Corkum, David
AU  - Vetere, Peter
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Guidelines for the Implementation of Reduced Lighting on Roadways
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 46p
AB  - This report provides guidelines for the implementation of an adaptive lighting system for roadway lighting.  Based on the analysis of crashes and lighting performance, a series of criteria and the associated design levels have been developed to provide an approach for light level selection and the adjustability of the light level based on the needs of the driving environment. The application, the technology needs, the benefit cost, and the legal implications of adaptive lighting are also considered in this guideline document.
KW  - Adaptive control
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Legal factors
KW  - Street lighting
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/14050/14050.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313860
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530971
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Advancing a Sustainable Highway System: Highlights of FHWA Sustainability Activities
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 65p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is undertaking a significant amount of work related to sustainability across a number of program areas throughout the Agency. The purpose of this report is to showcase some of the ways in which FHWA is incorporating and embedding sustainability into its programs, projects, policies, processes, and partnerships. This report will highlight several agency initiatives and programs including “Action Areas” developed in consultation and collaboration with the FHWA Sustainability Working Group. The Action Areas are those in which there is currently a focus on sustainability, or are emerging activities that support the “triple bottom line” principles of sustainability. While sustainability is fully supported in other long-standing and well-established programs throughout the agency, the featured Action Areas represent significant opportunities for new growth and advancement in this area and have high potential for achieving sustainability goals and benefits in the near term. Action areas in this report are organized by topic, including: Safety, Freight and Good Movement, Asset Management, Human Environment, Financial Assessment, Roadway Maintenance, Climate Change, Air Quality, and Environmental Streamlining. This report will serve as a resource to the public, transportation professionals, and those working within FHWA to help them better understand the various sustainability activities and initiatives moving forward within the Agency.
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Land use
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Sustainable transportation
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.sustainablehighways.dot.gov/documents/FHWA_Sustainability_Activities_June2014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51985/Sustainability_Report_Final_June2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315395
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530961
AU  - Franke, Kevin W
AU  - Ekstrom, Levi T
AU  - Ulmer, Kristin J
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Simplified SPT Performance-Based Assessment of Liquefaction and Effects: Tasks 1 and 2
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 64p
AB  - The purpose of the research being performed is to provide the benefit of the full performance-based  probabilistic earthquake hazard analysis, without requiring special software, training, and experience. To do this, simplified models of liquefaction triggering and lateral spread displacements that approximate the results of the full probabilistic analysis were developed. This report provides the derivation and validation of these simplified models, addressing Tasks 1 and 2 of the TPF-5(296) research contract. These simplified procedures are based on retrieving a reference value from a hazard-targeted liquefaction parameter map and calculating site-specific correction factors to adjust the reference value to represent the parameter for the site-specific soil profile. Site-specific values calculated using the simplified method are compared to those calculated using a full probabilistic method for ten cities in the United States. The difference between the full and simplified procedures for both liquefaction triggering and lateral spread displacement models is shown to be within an acceptable amount. This shows that the simplified procedures derived in this  report can reasonably approximate the results of a full probabilistic procedure.
KW  - Dislocation (Geology)
KW  - Hazard analysis
KW  - Liquefaction
KW  - Seismicity
KW  - Soil penetration test
KW  - United States
KW  - Validation
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Document/Download/5091
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316037
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530960
AU  - Ashar, Asaf
AU  - Amdal, James R
AU  - University of New Orleans
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Impact of Modifying the Jones Act on US Coastal Shipping
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 117p
AB  - The study assesses exempt coastal shipping defined as exempted from the U.S.-built stipulation of the  Jones Act, operating with functional crews and exempted from Harbor Maintenance Tax (HMT). The  study focuses on two research questions: (a) the impact of the U.S.-built exemption on the cost of coastal  shipping; and (b) the competitiveness of exempt services. The assessment is based on three typical case  studies, the first two involving short and long-range services for domestic cargoes (containers and trailers) provided by Roll-on, Roll-off (RoRo) ships; the third, short-range feeder service for international containers provided by Lift-on, Lift off (LoLo) ships. The study finds that building coastal ships in foreign yards could save about 40% of the capital cost of the RoRo ships and 60% for the LoLo ships. However, due to favorable financing terms for using U.S. shipyards (Title XI), the savings in capital cost would only amount to 13%, 11%, and 4% reductions in door-to-door shipping cost for the three case studies. Because of these minor reductions, along with other structural factors, the study concludes that exempt coastal services in all three case studies are uncompetitive with present truck and rail services.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Coastwise shipping
KW  - Competition
KW  - Costs
KW  - Financing
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Merchant Marine Act, 1920
KW  - Railroad transportation
KW  - Roll on roll off shipping
KW  - Roll on roll off ships
KW  - Shipbuilding
KW  - Trucking
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_525.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313575
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530951
AU  - Figliozzi, Miguel
AU  - Monsere, Chris
AU  - Nordback, Krista
AU  - Johnson, Pamela
AU  - Blanc, Bryan
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design and Implementation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Specific Data Collection Methods in Oregon
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 123p
AB  - Although there is a growing need to access accurate and reliable pedestrian and bicycle data, there is no  statewide system to collect data or plan future data collection efforts in the state of Oregon. To address  these issues this research conducted a comprehensive review of pedestrian and bicycle data collection  methods and counting technologies. Oregon data sources were also compiled and average annual daily traffic (AADT) estimation techniques were reviewed and applied to Oregon data. A pilot study was conducted to test bicycle and pedestrian counting methods at signalized intersections with 2070 controllers. The report also provides a summary of recommendations regarding factoring methods and the implementation of a statewide non-motorized data collection system.
KW  - Annual average daily traffic
KW  - Bicycle counts
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Pedestrian counts
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Traffic counting
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52175/SPR754_Ped_and_Bicycle.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315664
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530941
AU  - Walsh, Colin
AU  - Vaisala, Incorporated
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - CDOT Thermal Mapping Report
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 46p
AB  - Thermal Mapping surveys were carried out on approximately 1000 miles of the Colorado Department of Transportation’s (CDOT’s) roads. The purpose of these surveys was to identify road surface variations across the network to determine whether forecast Thermal Maps or the data from the surveys would be useful to decision-makers in the CDOT regions. The distribution of road surface temperatures across the network and identifying Climatic Domains for the regions enabled Vaisala to look at current weather station locations and whether there were any gaps in coverage. The use of forecast Thermal Maps is one that will be determined by the Boulder maintenance area in winter 2014/15. The Thermal Maps will be tested using Vaisala RoadsDSS and the final decision on whether the Thermal Mapping could be valuable to CDOT operations will be made in conjunction with the decision-makers prior to any statewide implementation plan. Vaisala has advised on potential weather station locations based on the Thermal Map findings which would complement the current setup.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Maps
KW  - Surface course (Pavements)
KW  - Surface temperature
KW  - Thermal imagery
KW  - Weather stations
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/thermal.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52145/2014-5.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315564
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530939
AU  - Corotis, Ross B.
AU  - Liel, Abbie B
AU  - Lin, Yolanda C
AU  - Paul, Abhishek
AU  - University of Colorado, Boulder
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Risk-Based Decision Methodology for Facility Design
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 167p
AB  - This report develops a methodology for Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) to use in the risk analysis of various types of facilities and provides illustrative examples for the use of the proposed framework. An overview of the current practices and applications to illustrate the context from which the proposed methodology has been developed is presented first. Next, the report introduces the proposed methodology for CDOT. In order to understand how the framework operates in practice, two illustrative examples are presented. The first example demonstrates the framework through the context of allocating  resources for the operation and maintenance of a portfolio of signalized mast arms. Two risk assessment methods are introduced through the first example, and it is shown that mast arms could benefit from varied inspection frequencies based on current structural defects present. The second illustrative example uses the framework in the context of making design decisions with regard to seismic hazard in Colorado. A quantitative risk assessment method is introduced, and the illustration suggests that seismic hazard is not a controlling hazard in Colorado. Through the literature review and presented examples, CDOT is equipped with the resources and information necessary to implement a risk-based methodology in decision-making across its organization. In the near term, the report recommends the following action items for CDOT: (1) implementation of a varied mast arm inspection routine based on structural state; (2) modification of the mast arm inspection records database to make information amenable to data-mining for risk assessment; and (3) adoption of the proposed common vocabulary and framework to discuss risk and address issues that face the organization.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Colorado Department of Transportation
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Design standards
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Parts of traffic signals
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - Risk assessment
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/risk.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52144/2014-4.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315565
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530912
AU  - Liang, Yu-chang
AU  - Gallaher, Benjamin
AU  - Xi, Yunping
AU  - University of Colorado, Boulder
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Bridge Deck Sealers
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 65p
AB  - This study focuses on the evaluation of bridge deck sealers commonly used on highway bridge decks and  their relative performance. After reviewing the most up-to-date research findings on chemical sealers used  by state departments of transportation (DOTs), four sealer products that could potentially be used by the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) were selected for evaluation. High molecular weight methacrylate (HMWM), two epoxies, and a silane were assessed for their skid resistance and ability to block or slow down moisture and chloride ion penetration into concrete bridge decks. Bridge structure E-17-QM (westbound US 36 to I-270 over I-25) was selected for the field study. The four sealers were installed on the deck surface of Bridge E-17-QM by professional contractors on 06/02/2010. Skid resistance, temperature variation, moisture fluctuation, and chloride concentration profiles in concrete were selected as the four experimental parameters for evaluating the performance of the four sealers. Eighteen integrated sensors were installed in the bridge decks in the five testing sections and at different depths for monitoring the internal temperature and relative humidity distributions in concrete. Concrete cores were taken at four periods during the project to test for chloride concentration profiles. The British Pendulum Tester (BPT) was used to measure the skid resistance of the concrete surface with and without sealers. From the analysis and comparisons of the test data, the performances of the four sealers were ranked in terms of the four  experimental parameters. Without further long-term data, the use of sealers is recommended as a viable short-term protection system. If CDOT chooses to use a long-term bridge deck sealing system, HMWM is recommended over the other sealers. Eligible bridge decks should be selected based on the assessment of percent deck deterioration, estimated time to corrosion, deck surface condition, and concrete quality
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Chloride content
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Epoxides
KW  - Methyl methacrylate
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Pendulum tests
KW  - Sealing compounds
KW  - Silane
KW  - Skid resistance
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/sealers.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52146/2014-6.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315566
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530890
AU  - Regan, Terry
AU  - Middleton, Scott
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - Developing Formal Asset Management Plans: A TPCB Peer Exchange
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 23p
AB  - This report highlights key recommendations and best practices identified at the peer exchange on Transportation Asset Management Plans (TAMP), held on February 5 and 6, 2014, in Columbia, South Carolina. This event was sponsored by the Transportation Planning Capacity Building (TPCB) Peer Program, which is jointly funded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA). Through this peer exchange South Carolina Department of Transportation sought to gain a better understanding of the asset management process. The peers agencies represented were Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Minnesota Department of Transportation and North Carolina Department of Transportation.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
KW  - Minnesota Department of Transportation
KW  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51800/51869/SCDOT_Asset_Management_Peer_Exchange-_Columbia_February_2014__2_.pdf?utm_source=GovDelivery&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=June%20newsletter
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314141
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530876
AU  - Young, Logan Michael
AU  - Durham, Stephan
AU  - Liu, Rui
AU  - University of Colorado, Denver
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance of Thin Bonded Epoxy Overlays on Asphalt and Concrete Bridge Deck Surfaces
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 268p
AB  - This study is the evaluation of two thin bonded epoxy overlays: SafeLane (marketed by Cargill), and Flexogrid (developed by PolyCarb). SafeLane is advertised as an anti-skid/anti-icing overlay that stores deicing chemicals for release during winter events. Flexogrid is an anti-skid overlay. These two products were compared on the basis of physical properties, including mean texture depth, surface friction, bond strength, ability to stop chloride intrusion, and anti-icing properties, as well as traffic safety and cost. Both overlays worked as intended when they were initially applied on the bridge decks. Mean texture depth and friction testing have shown that they both provide a durable wearing surface with good traction. All the SafeLane bond tests exceeded 250 psi (1.72 MPa). Flexogrid had initial high bond strengths, but had varied failure modes. However, the delamination of the Flexogrid overlay was identified on the bridge deck even after this product was reapplied. Permeability and chloride testing of the underlying concrete decks indicated that both overlays work well to protect bridge decks from chloride ingress. Permeability was high, but the chloride counts did not increase with age. The anti-icing property of SafeLane is effective when pre-charged with deicing chemicals. The three sites evaluated in this study indicate a reduction in crashes, but further study is needed to monitor the long-term performance in crash reduction. Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) should use the information contained within this report to develop construction specifications for thin bonded overlays. SafeLane can be considered for use on high crash rate bridges, where its high cost can be offset by an increase in traffic safety. If SafeLane is to be used as an anti-icing overlay, it should have deicing chemicals applied more often, and in smaller amounts. Pre-charging should be used when possible. Installation of Flexogrid should not be considered on bridges before the reasons causing the delamination are investigated. Studies of both overlays should continue so their long-term impacts on traffic safety can be analyzed.
KW  - Anti-icing
KW  - Bond strength (Materials)
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Costs
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Epoxides
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Skid resistance
KW  - Surface texture tests
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/thinbonded.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52169/2014-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315568
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530870
AU  - Asare, Sampson K
AU  - Smith, Brian L
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Identifying and Prototyping Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) Strategies for Application in Virginia
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 59p
AB  - Highway congestion is a major problem in urban transportation, and the search for feasible mitigation measures continues to evolve with advancement in technology and better understanding of traveler behavior. Due to institutional barriers and traditional practices, individual subsystems within a “corridor”—for example, arterial signal control systems and transit systems—have been operated independently, in isolation from each other. This management approach often leads to improving the performance of one subsystem at the expense of others. A more efficient approach that has the potential to improve corridor-wide mobility is to coordinate the management of the individual transportation subsystems in order to make them operate collaboratively. This holistic approach is referred to as integrated corridor management (ICM). In order to explore and demonstrate the potential for ICM application in Virginia, an investigation into the factors that are critical to its successful implementation and operation was conducted. Critical success factors were identified from the eight ICM “pioneer” sites sponsored by a U.S. Department of Transportation ICM initiative. The three most critical factors identified include (1) a robust Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) infrastructure; (2) the need for stakeholder partnerships and development of institutional frameworks within which ICM will be implemented and operated; and (3) the need to adopt standards and protocols through which information will be disseminated. Additionally, the potential effectiveness of ICM as a congestion mitigation measure in Virginia was explored by  prototyping the application of a set of ICM strategies in a simulation environment using a segment of the I-95/I-395 corridor (between mile marker 152 and mile marker 163) as a test bed. The strategies implemented include variable speed limits; ramp metering; transit signal priority; financial incentives (reduction in transit and parking fees); high occupancy toll (HOT)/high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes and HOV bypass; and increased transit and parking capacity. Analysis of the simulation results  revealed that corridor person flow per hour had the potential to be increased by 14% under non-incident traffic conditions, compared to 38% during incident conditions. In terms of average travel time, the I-95 general purpose lanes could potentially experience a reduction of 48% and 58% under non-incident and incident traffic conditions, respectively. Whereas the average travel time on the HOV lanes remained essentially unchanged, average travel times on the primary arterial (U.S. 1N) improved by 29% under both non-incident and incident conditions. Additionally, the amount of fuel usage was reduced by 34% and 33% during non-incident and incident conditions, respectively. Although the cost of ICM implementation is high, benefit-cost ratios of 4:1 and 6:1 were obtained for non-incident and incident conditions, respectively. Based on the analysis results, it is recommended that variable speed limits, increased transit and parking capacities, HOV bypass lanes, and HOV/HOT lanes be considered the most promising for future ICM implementation in Virginia.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Congestion management systems
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lanes
KW  - Integrated corridor management
KW  - Parking
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314059
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529439
AU  - Qi, Yi
AU  - Chen, Xiaoming
AU  - Cheu, Ruey Kelvin
AU  - Yu, Lei
AU  - Wu, Jianing
AU  - Wang, Yubian
AU  - Liu, Haixia
AU  - Liu, Guanqi
AU  - Lu, Yan
AU  - Texas Southern University, Houston
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design and Scope of Impact of Auxiliary Lanes
PY  - 2014/06//Technical Report
SP  - 212p
AB  - For decades, Texas Department of Transportation districts have constructed auxiliary lanes to support interchange ramp operations and to resolve congestion proximate to freeway entrance and exit ramps. While auxiliary lanes are built throughout Texas, the existing roadway design manuals/guidelines do not present all of the necessary design tools and details for design engineers. The objective of this research project was to develop implementation-oriented guidelines on the use of auxiliary lanes. To fulfill this goal, the researchers (1) reviewed and synthesized national and peer states’ practices, (2) conducted a survey of traffic engineers, (3) analyzed operational benefits from adding auxiliary lanes at the segment level, (4) used micro-simulation to identify scope of impacts of auxiliary lanes at the corridor level, (5) analyzed safety impacts of adding auxiliary lanes, and (6) developed guidelines and recommended best practices. The outcomes of this study provide important recommendations and numerical tools (e.g., the look-up tables) in  implementing and designing freeway auxiliary lanes for new construction or rehabilitation projects. The developed methodologies and outcomes will complement the provisions in current state roadway design manuals/guidelines.
KW  - Auxiliary lanes
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Microsimulation
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic engineers
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6706-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312416
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529424
AU  - Qi, Yi
AU  - Chen, Xiaoming
AU  - Yu, Lei
AU  - Wu, Jianing
AU  - Liu, Haixia
AU  - Liu, Guanqi
AU  - Lu, Yan
AU  - Texas Southern University, Houston
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Training Strategies and Materials
PY  - 2014/06
SP  - 68p
AB  - Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) project 0-6706 “Design and Scope of Impact of Auxiliary Lanes” has developed guidelines for implementation of auxiliary lanes including general guidelines on the use of auxiliary lanes and design guidelines for auxiliary lanes. To facilitate the implementation of the  guidelines developed by this project, training strategies and materials have been developed for providing a training session for personnel within TxDOT who are involved in the design of freeway interchanges and ramps. This document consists of two parts. Part I “Training Strategies” provides details on the purpose,  method, scheduling, and location for the training. Part II “Training Materials” provides a list of  the developed training materials along with the printouts of these training materials including a PowerPoint presentation and workbook materials for Guidelines for Designing and Methods for Assessing Auxiliary Lanes.
KW  - Auxiliary lanes
KW  - Education and training methods
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6706-P1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312417
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529385
AU  - Sanborn, Devon
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Epoplex Glomarc 90 Polyurea Pavement Marking
PY  - 2014/06//Initial Report
SP  - 18p
AB  - Pavement markings provide an important means of communication for all roadway users and must be capable of conveying information during inclement weather and evening hours when there may be little to no contribution from overhead lighting. Recently the Vermont Agency of Transportation has been applying recessed polyurea markings on most interstate rehabilitation projects. Recessing has proven effective in extending the service life of pavement markings by protecting them from wear induced by tire abrasion and shearing effects generated by snow plows. This research was conducted to evaluate the application of an experimental pavement marking, known as Epoplex Glomarc 90 Polyurea, with respect to long line application. The Epoplex Glomarc 90 Polyurea was applied on the Derby IM 091-3(46) project, located along Interstate-91 northbound and southbound between mile marker (MM) 169.8 and 177.4. Five test sites were established in the southbound lanes of the project, all of which were experimental. Following the placement of the markings, retroreflectivity and wear readings were collected using uniform methods. Retroreflectivity readings were taken on each line (white edge, white skip, yellow edge) within the southbound test site limits using the LTL 2000 Retroreflectometer. Each test site is 40 feet in length, with readings sampled every 10 linear feet. White skip lines that coincide transversely with any sample point were also tested. All markings were found to be in compliance with Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) recommended minimum Retroreflective values, and above the Agency’s required initial retroreflective values of 500 mcdl/lx/m2 for white, and 400 mcdl/lx/m2 for yellow. The most notable observation during the site visit was that on average, the yellow markings were presenting higher retroreflective values than the white lines. Research personnel will continue to monitor and collect additional information concerning the overall durability and retroreflectivity of all test sites in accordance with the work plan.
KW  - Durability
KW  - Elastomers
KW  - Retroreflectivity
KW  - Road marking materials
KW  - Road markings
UR  - http://vtransengineering.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2014%20-%2006%20Epoplex%20Glomarc%2090%20Polyurea%20Pavement%20Marking%20-%20Initial.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312804
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529359
AU  - Zurk, Lisa M
AU  - Siderius, T Martin
AU  - Laws, Nathan
AU  - Schecklman, Scott
AU  - Portland State University
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Underwater Acoustic Noise Generation and Propagation Resulting from Pile Driving for Oregon Bridge Construction
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - There is growing concern about noise levels from pile driving activities associated with the construction of highway bridges and other in-water structures. It has been demonstrated that noise generated from pile driving with an impact hammer can be harmful to aquatic species protected by the state and federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). To comply with current environmental regulations and noise level attenuation criteria, Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) needs to develop hydro-acoustic monitoring protocol and predictive models so projects can develop appropriate sound attenuation strategies based on site specific conditions. This research project addresses several concerns related to hydro-acoustic impacts and will ultimately help highway projects stay in compliance with established noise level criteria. The research project included: 1) identification of sound generation mechanisms from pile driving and how sound propagates into the surrounding underwater environment, 2) development of an acoustic monitoring procedure and predictive model that will help assure compliance and 3) validation and verification of predictive models.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Aquatic life
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Noise
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Pile driving
KW  - Sound attenuation
KW  - Sound level
KW  - Underwater construction
KW  - Underwater sound
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR731_PileDriving.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312713
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529323
AU  - Deng, Jun
AU  - Lorenzini, Karen
AU  - Kraus, Edgar
AU  - Paleti, Rajesh
AU  - Castro, Marisol
AU  - Bhat, Chandra
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Business Process and Logical Model to Support a Tour-Based Travel Demand
PY  - 2014/06//Technical Report
SP  - 91p
AB  - Changing modeling needs over the past few years, spurred by the evolving policy contexts of transportation  planning and emerging technologies, have led the planning community to explore tour-based and activity-based modeling paradigms as an alternative to the traditional trip-based modeling paradigm. As a leading travel model practitioner, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Transportation Planning and Programming Division sponsored an earlier study to synthesize tour-based modeling approaches in the country and identify potential benefits and costs of transitioning to this emerging modeling paradigm in Texas. Based on the results of that study, the current research effort developed a business case for a tour-based travel demand model system. The business case discusses the justification and need for a tour-based model, and includes a business process model and a logical data model that provide the step-by-step actions and procedures needed to support the design and development of a tour-based travel model. The business case not only justifies the need for tour-based models, but also proactively identifies potential challenges and constraints that may arise in implementation, and provides pathways to address them. It also addresses the need to continue to operate trip-based models in parallel with tour-based where needed or required, and assesses any impacts of tour-based modeling on the Technological Services Division of TxDOT. Although TxDOT has not yet transitioned towards a tour-based modeling approach, the current study can facilitate the model’s implementation if TxDOT decides to move forward.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6759-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312799
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01525747
AU  - Abu-Farsakh, Murad Y
AU  - Chen, Qiming
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Field Demonstration of New Bridge Approach Slab Designs and Performance
PY  - 2014/06//Final Report
SP  - 72p
AB  - The Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD) has initiated a major effort to minimize the bridge end bump problem associated with differential settlement. As a result, a new design for the approach slab was proposed, which requires increasing the slab flexural rigidity (EI), and using reinforced soil foundation (RSF) to support the slab and traffic loads at the roadway pavement/approach slab joint (R/S joint). Reinforcing the soil underneath the strip footing will result in increasing the soil’s bearing capacity and reducing the embankment settlement by redistributing the loads imposed by the slab and traffic over a wider area. Bayou Courtableau Bridge was selected as a demonstration project to evaluate, validate, and verify the new bridge approach slab design method proposed in a previous study. The east and west approach slabs at Bayou Courtableau Bridge are 40 ft. long by 40 ft. wide. The west approach slab was designed using the proposed new method with slab thickness of 16 in., while the east approach slab was designed using the traditional method with slab thickness of 12 in. The pavement end side of the approach slab was supported by a 4.0-ft. wide strip footing with the soil underneath it reinforced by six layers of geogrid placed at a vertical spacing of 12 in. The geosynthetic reinforced soil below the strip footing was designed according to the methodology proposed in previous study. The west approach slab was instrumented with pressure cells to measure the pressure distribution underneath the footing and contact pressure underneath the slabs. Strain gauges were used to measure strain distribution along geogrid reinforcement and sister-bar strain gauges to measure strains within the slab. The east approach slab was instrumented with pressure cells to measure the contact pressure underneath slab. Two static load tests were conducted on both the west and east approach slabs at two different times after construction. The performance of the approach slabs, including deformation and internal stresses of concrete slab, contact stresses between slab and embankment, stress distributions within reinforced soil foundation, and strain distributions along the geogrid, was monitored during the tests. The test results indicated that the west approach slab (with new design) lost most of its supports from the soil; while the east approach slab (with traditional design) kept losing its contacts from the soil starting from the bridge side towards the pavement side after about a year and half. The roughness profiles show better performance of the new approach slab system with much lower International Roughness Index (IRI) values. The year and a half monitoring program at Bayou Courtableau Bridge demonstrated much better performance of the new approach slab design system (west approach slab) compared to the traditional design. The magnitude and rate of embankment settlement at Bayou Courtableau Bridge site was also monitored (for the two embankment sides) during and after the construction, and the results were compared with the laboratory calculated settlements and the piezocone penetration test (PCPT)-based settlement prediction methods. The results showed better predictions using PCPT methods as compared to laboratory results.
KW  - Bearing capacity
KW  - Bridge approaches
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Performance
KW  - Settlement (Structures)
KW  - Traffic loads
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/FR_520.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51800/51855/FR_520.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310667
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530872
AU  - Volz, Jeffery S
AU  - Chandrashekhara, K
AU  - Birman, Victor
AU  - Hawkins, Stephen
AU  - Hopkins, Matthew
AU  - Huo, Zhen
AU  - Mohamed, Mohaned
AU  - Tuwair, Hesham
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Polyurethane Foam Infill for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Bridge Deck Panels
PY  - 2014/05/31/Final Report
SP  - 122p
AB  - Although still in their infancy, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bridges have shown great promise in eliminating corrosion concerns and meeting (or exceeding) the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) goal of 100-year life spans for bridges. While FRP bridges are cost-effective in terms of life cycle analyses, the combination of higher first costs and limited state department of transportation (DOT) budgets has restricted their use. One area that has shown some headway is the use of FRP for bridge decks, focusing on the location where the majority of corrosion-related damage normally occurs. However, first costs still hamper widespread use of this approach. FRP bridge deck panels offer superior corrosion resistance, at one-fifth the weight of reinforced concrete. However, current FRP bridge deck panels typically rely on an intricate geometric honeycomb system between the top and bottom layers of the sandwich panel. This labor-intensive honeycomb construction more than doubles the cost of FRP panels compared to reinforced concrete. Although cost-effective in terms of longevity of the bridge and overall reductions in weight, the lower first cost of reinforced concrete precludes the use of FRP bridge decks in the majority of situations. Closed-cell, high-density polyurethane foams lower first cost, offering a cost-effective alternative to the complex honeycomb construction. Structural sandwich panels with a polyurethane foam infill are well established in other commercial applications, such as automobiles, aircraft, and prefabricated buildings. Several recent advances in polyurethane foam formulations have resulted in a material that can resist the localized compressive stresses and fatigue loading beneath a truck wheel, making this type of sandwich panel construction a viable alternative for bridge decks. Once these panels can compete against reinforced concrete on a first-cost basis, their significantly longer life expectancies will save considerable money for Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) and the residents of Missouri. The objective of the research was to develop, test, and evaluate fiber-reinforced, polyurethane (PU) foams to replace the costly honeycomb construction currently used to manufacture FRP bridge deck panels. Initially, the effort focused on developing an FRP sandwich panel to replace the precast, stay-in-place forms currently used to construct reinforced concrete bridge decks. However, during the course of the project, the research effort expanded to include full-depth bridge deck panels as well. This report documents the results of this study.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Durability tests
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Fiber reinforced polymers
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Panels
KW  - Polyurethane foams
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1203/cmr14-016.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52181/cmr14-016.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315399
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01618690
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Asset Management Exchanges: Georgia Department of Transportation and NETIVEI Israel Synthesis Report
PY  - 2014/05/30/Draft Final Report
SP  - 18p
AB  - The Georgia Department of Transportation (Georgia DOT) and NETIVEI Israel – National Transport Infrastructure Company (formerly Israel National Road Company) participated in a knowledge exchange agreement since it was formalized by a Memorandum of Collaboration in 2009. Transportation asset management was a topic included among the exchange activities, which took the form of webinars and technical discussions. The purpose of this report is to summarize some of the information exchanges conducted between the Georgia DOT and Israel’s National Transport Infrastructure Company (NETIVEI Israel), with a focus on asset management, and identify recommendations regarding possible topics for future exchanges.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Georgia Department of Transportation
KW  - Information exchange
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - National Transport Infrastructure Company (NETIVEI Israel)
KW  - Transportation
UR  - http://international.fhwa.dot.gov/pubs/georgia_israel_synthesis_report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1436156
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543716
TI  - Cell Phone Location Data for Travel Behavior Analysis
AB  - The objectives of this research are to: (1) evaluate the extent to which cell phone location data and associated products accurately depict travel and (2) provide guidelines on the use of these data to understand and model travel patterns and behavior. The results will be used primarily by transportation planners, travel model
KW  - Cellular telephones
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Origin and destination
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Travel patterns
KW  - Travel surveys
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3637
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331752
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01570478
TI  - Performance and Load Response of Rigid Pavement Systems
AB  - This project has these objectives: (1) Collecting load response and performance data and environmental monitoring at selected test pavements for four years. (2) Installing new instrumented sections as needed for a better understanding of rigid pavement response, including monitoring for the duration of the project. (3) Determining the impact of a base on long-term performance of rigid pavement utilizing the data acquired and other nationally available data on the topic. (4) Documentation of the processes, procedures, and findings. (5) Finalization of the rigid pavement design catalog with local validation and calibration of mechanistic-empirical models.
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Environmental monitoring
KW  - Loads
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Rigid pavements
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/544
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1362119
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544687
AU  - Burt, M
AU  - Zimmer, R E
AU  - Zink, G J
AU  - Valentine, D A
AU  - Knox, W J
AU  - Battelle Memorial Institute
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - Transit Safety Retrofit Package Development: TRP Concept of Operations
PY  - 2014/05/28/Final Report
SP  - 56p
AB  - This document describes the Concept of Operations (ConOps) for the Transit Safety Retrofit Package (TRP). The ConOps describes the current state of operations with respect to the integration of Connected Vehicle technology in transit buses, establishes the reasons for change, and describes the TRP in terms of its features and operations. To achieve the objective of the study, the TRP project includes developing, testing, installing, and maintaining retrofit packages on three transit buses drawn from the University of Michigan transit fleets; developing two new transit safety applications (Pedestrian Warning and Vehicle Turning Right in Front of a Transit Vehicle); and collecting and providing data from the equipped buses to the Volpe Center for an independent evaluation. The specific objective of the TRP project is to design and develop safety applications for transit vehicles that can communicate vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) as well as vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) for enhanced transit vehicle and pedestrian safety. Ultimately, it is of interest to determine if Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) technologies can be combined with on-board applications to provide real-time alerting of pedestrians in crosswalks as well as right turning vehicles in front of the transit vehicle.
KW  - Dedicated short range communications
KW  - Michigan
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Navigational aids
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Transit buses
KW  - Transit safety
KW  - Turning traffic
KW  - Vehicle electronics
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54000/54069/14-117.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329836
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544588
AU  - Burt, M
AU  - Zimmer, R E
AU  - Zink, G J
AU  - Valentine, D A
AU  - Knox, W J
AU  - Battelle Memorial Institute
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - Transit Safety Retrofit Package Development: Applications Requirements Document
PY  - 2014/05/28/Final Report
SP  - 41p
AB  - This Application Requirements Document for the Transit Safety Retrofit Package (TRP) Development captures the system, hardware and software requirements towards fulfilling the technical objectives stated within the contract. To achieve the objective of the study, the TRP project includes developing, testing, installing, and maintaining retrofit packages on three transit buses drawn from the University of Michigan transit fleets; developing two new transit safety applications (Pedestrian Warning and Vehicle Turning Right in Front of a Transit Vehicle); and collecting and providing data from the equipped buses to the Volpe Center for an independent evaluation. The specific objective of the TRP project is to design and develop safety applications for transit vehicles that can communicate vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) as well as vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) for enhanced transit vehicle and pedestrian safety. Ultimately, it is of interest to  determine if Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) technologies can be combined with on-board applications to provide real-time alerting of pedestrians in crosswalks as well as right turning vehicles in front of the transit vehicle.
KW  - Bus transit
KW  - Computers
KW  - Dedicated short range communications
KW  - Michigan
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Navigational aids
KW  - Software
KW  - Transit safety
KW  - Vehicle electronics
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54000/54070/14-118.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329837
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530986
AU  - Luna, Ronaldo
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Pile Load Tests for Use in Missouri LRFD Guidelines
PY  - 2014/05/28/Final Report
SP  - 99p
AB  - This research studied the use of pile load tests for the development of resistance factors in the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) design specifications currently adopted by the Missouri Department of Transportation (DOT). To this end, three bridge sites were identified to conduct a pile load test in conjunction with the normal bridge contracting activities. This allowed a side by side comparisons with production piles and the impact to the design. Since most of the issues with pile driving and pile capacities are for friction piles that require dynamic testing, the pile load tests locations were selected in geologic regions with relatively deep firm ground or bedrock. In this way, an end bearing condition was avoided. Two sites were selected in the Southeastern Lowlands region and one in the Northern Glaciated Plains region. The pile load tests yielded high resolution data for both the load capacity and load transfer distributions. The different pile and soil types produced different degrees of pile setup and these conditions were examined with a series of restrikes, as necessary. Full displacement piles in overconsolidated clays had  unexpected results and the highest restrike capacities compared to the other sites. All the static and dynamic pile load tests produced capacities higher than the ones estimated by the design engineers. The resistance factors back calculated based on the pile load test data generated higher resistance factors than the 0.65 suggested by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) LRFD specifications. Additionally, pile load tests data from other sources in Missouri and the neighboring states were collected and compiled for future use by the Missouri DOT.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Piles (Supports)
KW  - Resistance tests
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1226/cmr14-015.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314058
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01530009
TI  - Developing Deterioration Models for Wyoming Bridges
AB  - The Utah State University shall investigate relationships between bridge deterioration, design, and environmental factors, and develop design and maintenance strategies in response to the findings.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Wyoming
UR  - http://www.dot.state.wy.us/files/live/sites/wydot/files/shared/Planning/Research/RS04214%20Proposal.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314813
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01530418
TI  - Concept Development and Demonstration of a Research Harness for Bicycle And Pedestrian Analysis
AB  - The contractor shall provide non-motorized travel analysis research framework support to maintain and extend a research framework that will facilitate research, development, and deployment of non-motorized travel analysis tools for planning purposes.  Documentation and training materials for that framework will also be developed.
KW  - Bicycles
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Nonmotorized transportation
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Training
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316016
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577988
TI  - H&G 2-Develop and Evaluate the Effectiveness of Design and Construction

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Construction
KW  - Design
KW  - Development
KW  - Evaluation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371357
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01610857
AU  - Bell, Lansford C
AU  - Brandenburg, Stefanie G
AU  - Ogle, Jennifer H
AU  - Reinke, Mike
AU  - Clemson University
AU  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Utility Relocation Costs and Best Management Practices
PY  - 2014/05/21/Final Report
SP  - 96p
AB  - In recent years, the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) has experienced a significant variation in estimated costs for the relocation of utilities on many projects. This has led to cost overruns and caused headaches for the district engineers responsible for the projects. Through meetings with SCDOT personnel and utility provider representatives it was determined that a standardized cost estimate form combined with improved change order management and cost management strategies was needed. Recently submitted estimates were analyzed and rated on multiple criteria to generate a list of “poor”, “good”, and “excellent” estimates. The “excellent” estimates provided insight into the development of the standard estimate form and the deficiencies noted in all of the estimates were addressed in the standard. The standardized cost estimate form should be simple, easy to use, and flexible for use on all types of utility relocation projects. It is recommended that this format be used by all utility companies on all utility relocation cost estimates submitted to the SCDOT. This report presents the standardized estimate format and makes recommendations for improvements to the SCDOT’s cost management database while utilizing cost management best practices. Further recommendations involve incorporating a utility relocation program within the safety office to encourage active participation of utility owners in resolution of severe safety problems, as well as standardizing CAD plan mark-up procedures for early project development to aid in obtaining more accurate estimates. Finally, a pilot unit cost database was developed from Progress Energy and Black River estimates and provides the basis for entry of historical cost data for checking the validity of cost estimates.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Cost estimating
KW  - Costs
KW  - Databases
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Location
KW  - Public utilities
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
KW  - Standards
UR  - http://www.scdot.scltap.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/final-report-12.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1421147
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01570475
TI  - Modified Binder (PG+) Specifications and Quality Control Criteria
AB  - Based on the stated needs and goals, the main objectives of the proposed pooled fund research include: (1) Perform detailed assessment of current PG+ and modified binder quality control procedures in partnering states in terms of reliability, applicability, and relevance to performance and quality of modified asphalt binders. (2) Use a range of modified binders, representative of the products currently specified by partner states, to develop unified test procedures and specification criteria based on products placed in the field. (3) Improve product quality and reliability through conduct of ruggedness studies and development of precision and bias statements for selected tests. (4) Introduce consistency to current products supplied by elimination or reduction of differences in modified binder acceptance tests and criteria throughout member states. (5) Validate and establish relevance of suggested PG+ and quality control procedures in terms of mixture performance. The pavement material research group at the University of Wisconsin Madison and the Modified Asphalt Research Center (MARC) under the directorship of Professor Hussain Bahia has had extensive experience evaluating, improving, and developing asphalt binder characterization methods and test procedures. Such efforts notably include the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) project 9-10 on design of asphalt mixtures using modified asphalt binders which led to the development of the repeated creep test which later became the basis for development of the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MCSR) test. Through the Asphalt Research Consortium (ARC) project, the team has been involved in evaluating and validating existing modified binder testing procedures and development of standards /specification criteria.  The project involved collaboration with the Western Cooperative Test Group (WCTG), the Rocky Mountain Asphalt User-Produce Group (RMAUPG), state highway agencies and industry to improve PG+ specifications currently in use through documentation of benefits and costs associated with these tests, development of protocols for new binder tests, and development of specification criteria for new tests based on field evaluation of construction and performance.  Additionally, interviews and surveys for soliciting feedback on binder tests and specifications were conducted among a large number of state highway agencies as part of this effort. As part of ARC, MARC has also been involved in validating newly developed asphalt binder procedures using comparison with field performance of Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) and MnROAD test sections. As part of MARC's involvement in regional modified binder specifications, the group completed Phase 1 of the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) project for development of "Modified Asphalt Binder Guidelines" and is currently the principal on a follow up study intended to identify test methods and specification limits based on field performance measurements from modified asphalt pavement sections constructed in the early 2000s across Wisconsin.
KW  - Acceptance tests
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Binders
KW  - Creep
KW  - Long-Term Pavement Performance Program
KW  - Modified binders
KW  - Multistress creep and recovery test
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/546
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1362116
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577888
TI  - SI-12-07.03: Develop Advanced Data Analytics and Visualization Capability

AB  - Funding for this project will be used to deliver data analytic visualization services to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in order to improve information sharing related to large dynamic and important data sets.   Through the development of these visualization products this task order will demonstrate the utility of visualization techniques for enhanced communication of data within the FHWA with FHWA partners and with project stakeholders.  

KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Visualization
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371194
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577832
TI  - PG-1: Evaluate Current State Infrastructure Performance Programs and Make Recommendations

AB  - This research project will establish national bridge and pavement asset preservation rehabilitation and reconstruction costs to help define  achievable  targets to refine the  needs  assessment results and to enhance return-on-investment analyses.

KW  - Asset management
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Return on investment
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370874
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547914
TI  - Recommended Guidelines for Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems Tolerances and Dynamic Effects of Bridge Moves
AB  - Many state departments of transportation (DOTs) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) are actively promoting accelerated bridge construction (ABC) to reduce traffic impacts, onsite construction time, environmental impacts, and life-cycle costs and to improve work-zone safety, site constructability, material quality, and product durability while replacing the nation's transportation infrastructure. The use of prefabricated bridge elements and systems (PBES) for ABC is growing fast. However, different challenges have been encountered during bridge construction related to proper fit-up of adjacent PBES and construction erection tolerances. Also, moving an entire superstructure or a bridge using slide-in operations or self-propelled modular transporters (SPMTs) for ABC imposes other challenges that depend on a bridge location and staging area for offsite construction of the bridge. Bridge moves impose dynamic forces on the bridge and supporting framing. These dynamic forces and their effects on bridge systems are not addressed in current design and construction guides. To help bridge owners, fabricators, and contractors to successfully use PBES and bridge moves for ABC, these challenges need to be addressed immediately. The objectives of this research are to develop (1) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) bridge guidelines for (a) fabrication and erection tolerances for PBES and (b) tolerance acceptance criteria during bridge design, fabrication, and erection; and (2) AASHTO bridge guidelines to identify the dynamic forces resulting from bridge moves using slide-in operations and SPMTs and assess the effects of these forces on bridge systems.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge superstructures
KW  - Dynamic loads
KW  - Erection (Building)
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Prefabricated bridges
KW  - Work zone safety
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3649
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335562
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547352
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 355. Guidelines for Reliable Fit-Up of Steel I-Girder Bridges
AB  - Steel I-girder bridges are much-used options for utilization on complex curved and/or skewed alignments. However, current practices for detailing the fit-up of cross-frames combined with challenging attributes of the framing arrangements and erection procedures often result in problems during and after construction. For example: (1) Girders and cross frames that are difficult to fit-up during erection and require unplanned contractor operations such as force fitting of connections, field drilling or field welding; (2) Erected girders with webs that are significantly out of plumb which render their performance uncertain without further evaluation; (3) Locked in stresses (in cross frames and/or girders) that were not appropriately accounted for in design; and (4) Bearings rotated beyond tolerable design limits. In certain instances, these problems have resulted in construction delays, unnecessary rework, cost and schedule overruns, and disputes and litigation. These problems can be avoided by developing a better understanding of the ways in which the framing arrangements, cross-frame detailing practices and erection procedures affect fit-up during steel erection. The objective of this research is to propose design and detailing guidelines to ensure reliable fit-up of curved and/or skewed steel I-girder bridges. These guidelines will provide a clear understanding of the implications of various framing arrangements, fit-up conditions for detailing, and erection procedures on the resulting constructed geometry, ease of fit-up during erection, and locked-in stresses in the cross-frames and/or girders.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Curved bridges
KW  - Erection (Building)
KW  - Girder bridges
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Skewed structures
KW  - Steel bridges
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3735
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334525
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547345
TI  - Guide for Civil Integrated Management (CIM) in Departments of Transportation
AB  - Civil integrated management (CIM) is a term that recently has come to be applied to an assortment of practices and tools entailing collection, organization, and management of information in digital formats about a highway construction project. Traditional practices for transportation project delivery and management of system assets throughout their lifecycles have relied on analog display and archiving methods--notably drawings, plans, printed specifications, and traditional survey methods--but advances in design technology and in-field positioning are driving the business toward all-digital practices. Much of the incentive and leadership have come from construction contractors, but state departments of transportation (DOTs) and other transportation agencies are participating. CIM is meant to serve all project stakeholders (for example, owner, operator, constructor, designer, surveyor, planner, and operations or asset manager) and consistently provide appropriate, accurate, and reliable information throughout the asset's lifecycle (that is, from initial planning through in-service maintenance and risk management). Interest in CIM has been supported in part by advances in vertical design and construction under the broad rubric Building Information Modeling (BIM). Applications of CIM technologies in highway construction have included the North Carolina Turnpike Authority's Triangle Expressway, the Dallas/Fort Worth Connector, the Wisconsin DOT's Zoo Interchange, and the Multnomah (Oregon) Sellwood Bridge Project, but there are not yet widely adopted practices for CIM use in transportation projects of all scales. Neither the benefits nor the costs and management risks associated with adoption of CIM are well understood. Research is needed to assess the current state of CIM technology and practice; document the potential benefits, costs, opportunities, and risks associated with increased DOT use of CIM; and present this information in ways that will facilitate effective CIM use by DOT staff and advisors and encourage advancement of CIM tools and practices. The objective of this research is to develop a guide to CIM that DOT managers can use to (a) assess their agency's use of digital information in project delivery and subsequent asset management; (b) improve project quality and more effectively control costs through increased reliance on digital project delivery and asset management; (c) identify the particular opportunities, benefits, obstacles, and costs for their agency through increased reliance on digital project delivery and asset management; and (d) identify practical strategies for increasing reliance on digital project delivery and asset management. The guide shall draw on practices in vertical construction, case studies, and other experience of transportation agencies at various levels of reliance on digital project delivery and asset management, and an analysis of the value added by particular uses of digital or analog information storage and display throughout the asset lifecycle.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Dallas-Fort Worth
KW  - Digital communication systems
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Road construction
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Wisconsin
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3648
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334518
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543620
TI  - Recommended AASHTO Guide Specification for ABC Design and Construction
AB  - Many state departments of transportation (DOTs) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) are actively promoting accelerated bridge construction (ABC) to reduce traffic impacts, onsite construction time, environmental impacts, and life-cycle costs; and to improve work-zone safety, site constructability, material quality, and product durability while replacing the nation's transportation infrastructure. FHWA currently defines ABC components as: (1) Prefabricated bridge elements and systems (PBES); (2) Structural placement methods; (3) Foundation and wall elements; (4) Rapid embankment construction; and (5) Fast track contracting (not to be considered under this project). The PBES are structural components of a bridge that are built offsite or near-site of a bridge and include features that reduce the onsite construction time and the mobility impact time that occurs when building new bridges or rehabilitating or replacing existing bridges relative to conventional construction methods. The PBES have two categories: (1) Prefabricated elements comprise a single structural component of a bridge. Under the context of ABC, prefabricated elements reduce or eliminate the onsite construction time that is needed to build a similar structural component using conventional construction methods. (2) Prefabricated systems consist of an entire superstructure, an entire superstructure and substructure, or a total bridge that is procured in a modular manner such that traffic operations can be allowed to resume after placement. As the use of ABC increases, a growing body of recommended ABC design and construction practices has been developed from various research and demonstration projects, including performance in seismic regions. FHWA, state DOTs, and industries have developed their own products (e.g., manuals, guides, and tools) as resources for ABC projects. There is now a need to compile these products into a guide specification on the use of ABC. This guide specification will lead to (1) efficient design and construction of ABC projects, (2) cost reductions, (3) greater acceptance of ABC, and (4) more efficient and effective ABC applications as owners address the challenges of renewing the nation's aging highway infrastructure. The objective of this research is to develop a recommended AASHTO guide specification for ABC design and construction that compiles the growing body of recommended design and construction specification products for PBES for ABC. In developing the specification, performance will be defined in terms of constructability and durability.
KW  - AASHTO Guide Specifications
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Embankments
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Prefabricated bridges
KW  - Work zone safety
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3653
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331573
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544647
AU  - Li, Peng
AU  - Liu, Juanyu
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Characterization of Alaskan HMA Mixtures with the Simple Performance Tester
PY  - 2014/05/16/Final Report
SP  - 179p
AB  - Material characterization provides basic and essential information for pavement design and the evaluation of hot mix asphalt (HMA). This study focused on the accurate characterization of an Alaskan HMA mixture using an asphalt mixture performance tester (AMPT) and an asphalt pavement analyzer (APA). The tests performed on the AMPT included dynamic modulus (|E*|), flow number (FN), and flow time (FT). The APA was used to measure the rutting resistance of HMA. A catalog of |E*| for typical Alaskan HMA mixtures is provided, and the prediction models of |E*| have been verified. The modified Witczak model (G* based) is recommended for estimating |E*| HMA when measured G* of binder is available, and the Witczak model (ŋ based) is recommended when default inputs of binder are used. The correlations between the results from the AMPT (i.e., |E*|, FN, FT) and the rutting depth obtained from the APA have been statistically analyzed.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester
KW  - Asphalt Pavement Analyzer
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Flow
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Materials tests
KW  - Rutting
UR  - http://tundra.ine.uaf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/SPT-Report_061614_fp.pdf
UR  - http://www.dot.state.ak.us/stwddes/research/assets/pdf/4000-092.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329344
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543759
TI  - Guidelines for Selecting Travel Forecasting Methods and Techniques
AB  - The objective of this research is to develop guidelines for travel forecasting practitioners to (1) assess the suitability and limitations of their travel forecasting methods and techniques to address specific policy and planning questions; (2) scope model development or improvements so as to attain the desired policy sensitivity within constraints such as institutional, budget, model development time, and resources; and (3) communicate limitations and any improvements to decision makers. The guidelines should be accompanied by a method selection tool that illustratively guides the practitioner through the selection of methods and techniques based on application needs, resource constraints, available data, and existing model structure. Planning and policy questions to be addressed, at a minimum, should include: (a) long-range planning, (b) performance-based planning, (c) safety, (d) project prioritization, (e) traffic detour planning/work zone analyses, (f) operational analyses, (g) managed lanes and toll revenue forecasting, (h) air quality and climate change analyses, (i) transit analyses, (j) walk and bike activity forecasting, (k) freight planning, (l) environmental justice analyses, (m) benefit-cost analyses, (n) economic impact analyses, (o) growth management analyses, (p) emergency management, (q) revenue analyses, and (r) other planning issues that models are asked to address. Each of the planning and policy issues identified should be tied to a set of "information needs" such as (a) level of temporal and spatial flows by market segment, (b) volume and speed outputs, (c) mode of travel, (d) travel cost, (e) travel time variation and reliability, and (f) other relevant performance metrics. The products of this research should be prepared for use by practitioners at state transportation agencies; metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs); transit agencies; and consultants who scope, develop, and apply travel forecasting models.
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Traffic forecasting
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3636
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331866
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01567108
TI  - Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiatives (SWZDI)
AB  - This program represents an on-going effort among cooperating states departments of transportation (DOTs), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), universities, and industry to evaluate new products and conduct related research focused on the enhancement of safety and mobility in highway work zones.  Over 80 studies and evaluations have been completed since the inception of the Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiatives (SWZDI) and final reports are posted in the Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative web site at www.intrans.iastate.edu/smartwz/.
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/537
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358892
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543508
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on the Environment. Task 93. Long-Term Construction and Maintenance Cost Comparison for Road Stream Crossing Hydraulic Design vs. Bankfull Width Design
AB  - The goal of this research is to quantify the long-term costs of road stream crossings that span the bankfull width of a waterway in order to provide an accurate picture of the total life-cycle cost of the structure. These costs will then be compared to the costs of structures that constrict stream flows. Understanding the true cost of each structure type would help project designers make the most cost-effective structure choice and better comply with state and federal environmental regulations.
KW  - Banks (Waterways)
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Hydraulic structures
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Regulations
KW  - Wildlife crossings
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3722
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330955
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554441
AU  - Pickrell, Don
AU  - Pace, David
AU  - Wishart, Jacob
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Travel Analysis Framework: Development of VMT Forecasting Models for Use by the Federal Highway Administration
PY  - 2014/05/12
SP  - 31p
AB  - This document details the process that the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe) used to develop travel forecasting models for the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). The purpose of these models is to allow FHWA to forecast future changes in passenger and freight vehicle use (as measured by the number of vehicle-miles traveled, or VMT) that is likely to occur in response to predicted demographic trends and changes in future economic conditions. These models also provide estimates of the volumes of gasoline, diesel, and other fuels consumed by motor vehicles, which are derived from its projections of future vehicle travel and fuel economy. Forecasts of VMT developed using this model will inform and support the development of future Federal transportation planning and policy.
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Passenger vehicles
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Trucks
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Vehicle miles of travel
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54493/vmt_model_dev.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342279
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577150
TI  - Using Long-Term Pavement Performance Program Distress Data to Support Performance-Based Reporting

AB  - The project approach will include an assessment of both Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) and State agency performance data for the same pavement sections that have been collected by State agencies. Historical pavement performance information will be extracted from the LTPP database for selected test section locations, and the State agency data will also be evaluated for these same locations. Additionally, a record of pavement treatments is available in the maintenance and rehabilitation tables in the LTPP databases. This treatment information is very important because ultimately the consistency of the pavement management recommendation for treatment is the important measure of performance data reliability from the network level perspective. Multiple analyses of these two datasets will be performed to compare the uniformity of results. Statistical and quantitative-based comparisons will be made to demonstrate that the data meet the required level of consistency to support network level applications. From this comparative analysis, the metrics necessary to support network level use of the data, and the objective of providing recommendations for supporting performance-based reporting requirements, will be developed.

KW  - Databases
KW  - Long-Term Pavement Performance Program
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Test sections
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370385
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547343
TI  - Finding and Using Data to Identify and Evaluate Corridors for Transporting Multi-state, Multi-modal Oversize/Overweight Freight
AB  - Annually, it is estimated that state departments of transportation (DOTs) issue nearly 5 million permits for Oversize/Overweight (OSOW) truck moves along the nation's highway system.  Yet, despite the fact that OSOW freight crosses both state and international borders, it is typically regulated and permitted on a state-by-state basis.  In addition, because of the state-by-state regulation, data collection, management, and strategic use of the information are variable.  Both data and strategies are rarely shared.  National and regional public sources for OSOW data do not exist. The U.S. Department of Transportation's "Freight Analysis Framework 3" (FAF3) provides categories that include some of this data, but it is reported in aggregate along with other shipments in its commodity category (e.g., machinery, with no distinction as to whether the machinery moved is OSOW or not).  In addition to the complications faced by planners and OSOW service providers resulting from a lack of consistent information, heavy-haul businesses often find the state-by-state permitting process cumbersome and complicated, resulting in cross-border moves that are difficult to coordinate and unnecessarily costly. While efforts to improve multi-state permitting and harmonization of permitted loads across state boundaries are ongoing, a careful examination of how and what data is collected (including consistent definitions), and how strategic use of that data might be improved is lacking.  There is a strong perception within the industry that there may be opportunities for greater efficiency, safety and productivity through an organized, coordinated approach to data collection, processing, management, and coordination.  Shippers and OSOW carriers are likely to benefit from this effort. OSOW movements by their very nature are not typical highway loads and may present potential for movement on rail lines and waterways that serve similar origins and destinations. This potential is supported by historical transportation development patterns in the United States, as highway, rail, and waterway corridors frequently run in parallel, providing options for OSOW shipping by several modes.  The development and use of multi-state, multi-modal OSOW corridors, and an evaluation of their efficiencies, is an area that has not been explored in as much detail as OSOW permitting and harmonization, nor has there been sufficient attention given to consideration of strategic planning in support of modal diversion and shift.  Although the issue of modal shift is often driven by external economic factors, an improved ability to evaluate alternatives will assist both public- and private-sector entities in avoiding the pitfalls and uncertainties that currently pervade the system. Planners and logistics experts not only lack information about actual loads carried, but also about origins and destinations. This information gap often limits the ability to identify and evaluate alternative cross-state corridors as well as an ability to identify truck, rail, waterway, or multi-modal shipment options.  Further, there is an additional need for better understanding of the costs and benefits of expanding the current OSOW approach to include consideration and analysis of the total OSOW freight shipment process, on multiple modes within the same corridor. In response to these problems, research is needed to examine OSOW freight shipment as a potential multi-state, multi-modal process rather than as a segment-by-segment or state-by-state, single-mode activity.  What is needed is a comprehensive protocol for the assessment of OSOW freight shipment logistics along single state, multi-state, or multi-modal corridors.  The data parameters and architecture that emerges from this research will ultimately enhance performance management of the OSOW system by oversight agencies, as well as improve efficiencies in permitting and movement of freight on the part of the private-sector carriers. The objective of this research is to develop guidelines for use by states and other practitioners to improve the permitting process and to evaluate potential OSOW freight movement solutions involving multi-state, multi-modal transportation corridors.  These guidelines should address the following: (1) A procedure for identifying and assessing data requirements and availability to enhance state OSOW permitting practices and to improve opportunities for multi-state coordination in consideration of OSOW freight shipment options along transportation corridors. (2) A method for evaluating multi-modal opportunities and capabilities applicable to current OSOW movements, addressing highway, waterborne, and rail alternatives. (3) A strategy for selecting mode and route options for regional and cross-border freight shipments, addressing a broad array of relevant factors, including (but not limited to) feasibility, efficiency, institutional considerations, safety, and cost.
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Oversize loads
KW  - Overweight loads
KW  - Permits
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation corridors
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3639
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334516
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543531
TI  - The Effects of Recycling Agents on Asphalt Mixtures with High RAS and RAP Binder Ratios
AB  - The objectives of this research are to (1) evaluate the effectiveness of recycling agents in hot mix asphalt (HMA) and warm mix asphalt (WMA) mixtures with high recycled asphalt shingles (RAS), reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), or combined RAS/RAP binder ratios through a coordinated program of laboratory and field experiments; (2) propose revisions to several relevant American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) specifications and test methods; and (3) develop training and workshop materials and deliver one workshop.
KW  - Binder content
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3645
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331128
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01596849
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Operations Performance Measures and Management (OPMM) Program Road Map
PY  - 2014/05/01
SP  - 28p
AB  - This report documents the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Operations Performance Measures and Management (OPMM) Program Road Map covering the 5-year period from 2014 through 2018. The Program Road Map aligns with the following FHWA OPMM Program goals: (1) Assist internal/external stakeholders with implementing Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) measure  requirements and the measurement of congestion/reliability, and (2) Assist internal/external stakeholders with implementing performance management for operations. This document includes 18 projects. The projects are grouped around four subject areas that are critical to OPMM Program goals: MAP-21 Implementation (6 projects), Performance Measures (Congestion, Reliability) (6 projects), Performance Management (5 projects), and Operations Performance Measures Coordination (1 project). The projects are sub-categorized by three project types: Technical Assistance (Guidance/Training), Outreach/Coordination, and Research/Implementation. The project descriptions include: Project number/title, Subject area, Project type(s), Time period, Project objective, Deliverable, Project lead, Project description, Possible coordination opportunities, and OPMM Road Map coordination.
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Operations Performance Measures and Management Program
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Research
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Traffic congestion
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14012/fhwahop14012.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1402005
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01590710
TI  - Improving Specifications to Resist Frost Damage in Modern Concrete Mixtures
AB  - The goal of the research is to produce improved specifications, and test methods; while, improving the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of frost damage.  Specifically, this work will seek to develop new test procedures that may be faster and/or more reliable than the existing methods.  The objectives of this project are to:  determine the necessary properties of the air-void system to provide satisfactory frost durability in laboratory testing of laboratory and field concretes with different combinations of admixtures, cements, and mixing temperatures in salt environments; (2) determine the accuracy of a simple field test method that measures air void system quality with field and laboratory concrete; (3) determine the critical combinations of absorption and the critical degree of saturation on the frost durability in accelerated laboratory testing in the presence of deicer salts; and (4) establish new test methods and specifications for fresh and hardened concrete to determine frost durability and field performance. Understanding the research on freeze-thaw mechanisms is important for two main groups: practicing professionals and graduating undergraduate and graduate students. A portion of this project will be dedicated to development of a strong educational technology transfer program. Develop a short course that utilizes streaming video (and could be placed on a DVD for widespread dissemination).  Practicing professionals frequently require information in a short time frame to respond to practice-based problems. The DVD/streaming video approach provides the information as it is needed and as such it is perfect for this application.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Freeze thaw durability
KW  - Frost damage
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/541
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1398618
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577148
TI  - Validation of Pavement Performance Measures

AB  - The project will provide a means for mapping the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) defined distresses to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Rule. The project assumed that the distress definitions will be those identified in the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS). This mapping will be documented in the final report.The project will perform a review of the performance measure as defined in the FHWA Rule. As part of the review, any recommended revisions to the performance measure will be identified in the final report. The project will develop an estimate of error in the performance measure associated with traditional approaches to performance modeling as performed for typical pavement management processes.This portion of the project will illustrate how the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) software may be useful in pavement management processes. The use of the MEPDG will be documented in the final report along with the estimated error. The final report will include a set of guidelines for using the error estimate in performing a risk analysis. These guidelines will describe for the reader how to incorporate this sort of error within a larger risk analysis to be performed by the State department of transportation (DOT) as part of the development of the Transportation Asset Management Plan (TAMP) as required by the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21) Act.This project will expand understanding of how the performance measure performs over time and with respect to various repair strategies.It will provide a level of comfort to both the FHWA and the State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) associated with the performance measure and how that measure may be expected to perform over time. Advancement of knowledge may be required in developing improvements to the performance measure. It would be anticipated this advancement could be undertaken through additional applied research.The estimated error associated with performance modeling of the performance measure may be used to better understand the risks associated with typical budgeting processes.The error term would identify a general estimate of error for the performance models developed. Each State DOT would be able to refine the error term for the pavements within their jurisdiction. This refinement would require additional work by the State DOT. However, this project will provide a guideline for the DOT to perform that effort.

KW  - Long-Term Pavement Performance Program
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Validation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370422
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01576650
TI  - Development of Long-Term Bridge Performance Program Protocols for Steel Bridge Coatings

AB  - This project will help the Long-Term Bridge Performance program identify what types of data need to be collected and analyzed to assess the performance of steel bridge coatings.

KW  - Coatings
KW  - Development
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Steel bridges
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370354
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01569419
TI  - Identifying and Addressing Soil Property Issues Affecting Roadside Vegetation Establishment
AB  - Establishing vegetation quickly on roadsides is an important task of the Nebraska Department of Roads (NDOR). Roadside vegetation performs ecosystem functions and benefits people and their environment in many ways. First, well-established vegetation on highway roadsides can reduce erosion and stabilize slopes as it helps remove water in the subgrade of roadways, a factor that strongly affects pavement life and serviceability (Cedergren 1974). Second, vegetation on highway shoulders provides hazard-free zones for errant vehicles and reduces blowing and drifting snow onto highway. Third, attaining adequate vegetation cover along roadways could help NDOR comply with Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) stormwater regulations, because effective roadside vegetation could remove pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand and total phosphorus from highway runoff (Kaighn and Yu 1996). Finally, roadside vegetation provides habitat and corridors to wildlife and scenic beauty to roads users (Akbar et al. 2003). However, several Nebraska highways have 2 segments where vegetation cover failed to establish despite repeated seeding efforts. Preliminary studies suggest poor soil conditions were the underlying reason. There is a critical need to identify and address specific soil property issues that cause vegetation establishment failure. The goal of this study is to identify cost-effective solutions that can assure adequate seed beds (i.e., soil conditions) for establishment of selected seeding mixtures. One important step toward this goal is to determine soil factors that have the most profound effects on roadside vegetation establishment. Vegetation cover on roadway shoulders is imperative to prevent erosion, ensure highway safety, remediate stormwater, and enhance the roadside view. However, in Year 2013 alone, there have been at least 9 roadside vegetation projects that require re-seeding to meet the stormwater guideline, which requires 70% of the pre-construction vegetation cover. The proposed research project is designed to address the challenge of establishing vigorous plant growth along Nebraska's roadways. Replacing suboptimal soil with higher grade soil could be one approach to address the challenge. However, the cost associated with this option could be prohibitive. Identifying effective seed mixtures and soil remediation could be cost effective solutions. Successful completion of this project will add to the knowledge base of soil conditions and solutions to remedy these conditions along Nebraska roadways. The knowledge will be critical in identifying cost-effective, alternative means to establish vegetation cover on roadside, such as choosing proper seed mixture and improving the conditions of existing suboptimal soil. Furthermore, the knowledge on soil conditions along Nebraska roadways can help planning for future roadside vegetation projects. Finally, the outcome of the proposed project is expected to help NDOR meet regulatory requirements on stormwater management.
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Seeding
KW  - Slope stability
KW  - Soil properties
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1360657
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543615
TI  - Methodology for Estimating the Value of Travel Time Reliability for Truck Freight System Users
AB  - Travel time reliability is frequently cited as an important metric for the trucking community and other users of truck freight services. Travel time reliability for all vehicles is commonly measured and reported as a percentile or average (mean) travel time, but currently there is no consensus on how to value travel time reliability for just trucks, thus it has not yet been incorporated into the benefit estimation. Travel time reliability needs to be incorporated into the truck freight benefit estimation in order to fully capture truck freight benefits associated with mobility projects and provide quantitative data for project prioritization. The methodologies that would be developed could be applied to any region of interest and the need for quantitative data for prioritization of freight projects is a national level issue. Research by Washington State Department of Transportation (DOT) has been completed to develop a methodology to quantify the truck freight benefits associated with mobility projects by taking into account changes in truck travel time, operating cost, and emissions in order to calculate economic impacts such as changes in gross state and regional product and long-term employment. The results of this research may be applicable to other states (with some data and modeling requirements). However, the research was unable to incorporate truck freight travel time reliability into the benefit estimation due to a lack of resources. While the importance of reliability is well established for passenger and freight travel, the value of reliability for truck freight system users is not. A methodology to estimate the value of travel time reliability for truck freight applications should be developed and demonstrated. The methodology should be applicable across a range of truck freight system users and sensitive to commodity types. The objective of this research is to develop and demonstrate a methodology to estimate the value of travel time reliability to truck freight system users in order to assist in the evaluation of proposed highway infrastructure and operations investments. Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks. (1) Review the state-of-the-practice of evaluating truck freight travel time reliability, including its application in transportation planning.(2) Develop a methodology to estimate the value of truck freight travel time reliability for truck freight system users (e.g., for-hire and private motor carriers, shippers, receivers, third party logistics (3PLs)). (3) Identify data, sources of data, and collection methods necessary to apply the methodology. (4) Develop a demonstration plan for the proposed methodology that is applicable to the evaluation of proposed highway infrastructure and operations investments. (5) Within 4 months of the contract execution, prepare an interim report that provides the results of Tasks 1 through 4. (6) Demonstrate and evaluate the methodology, including the collection and use of sample data as identified in Task 3. (7) Propose approaches for states and local transportation agencies to use the methodology in their planning processes. (8) Prepare a research plan for a follow-on project to conduct a large-scale data gathering effort that will enable the valuation of travel time reliability for truck freight system users (e.g., for-hire and private motor carriers, shippers, receivers, 3PLs) representing multiple industry sectors.(9) Prepare a final report that documents (1) the complete research effort and (2) the methodology to estimate the value of travel time reliability to truck freight system users in order to assist in the evaluation of proposed highway infrastructure and operations investments.
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Motor carriers
KW  - Third party logistics providers
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Trucking
KW  - Value of time
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3641
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331568
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543603
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 349. Guidelines for Developing Materials Acceptance Plans for Alternative Contracting Methods
AB  - Design-Bid-Build is the contracting method most commonly used by highway agencies in the United States.  This contracting method typically employs a quality assurance plan that defines the tests, sampling rate, acceptance criteria, and other factors as a means for verifying the materials quality and their acceptance.  Materials acceptance plans for such contracts have been well defined and used by highway agencies for many years as a basis for pay items and material quantities.  However, materials acceptance plans have not been well defined for many of the relatively new procurement methods (known as alternative contracting methods) being used by highway agencies, such as Design Build, Design Build Operate, Design Build Operate Maintain, Indefinite Delivery-Indefinite Quantity, and Construction Manger General Contractor.  Because employing an appropriate acceptance plan is necessary for ensuring the quality of materials used in constructing and maintaining highway projects, acceptance plans will need to be developed for use with these alternative contacting methods.  This study will develop guidelines to help guide highway agencies in preparing and implementing the materials acceptance plans needed to better verify materials quality and ensure use of appropriate materials in highway construction projects procured using alternative contacting methods.
KW  - Acceptance
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Design bid build
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Highway agencies
KW  - Materials
KW  - Quality assurance
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3602
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331556
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01593745
AU  - Wells, Danny
AU  - Palle, Sudhir
AU  - Meade, Bobby
AU  - Hopwood, Theodore
AU  - Kentucky Transportation Center
AU  - Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Sealants, Treatments and Deicing Salt Practices to Limit Bridge Deck Corrosion and Experimental Deck Sealants and Pier Cap Coating on Interstate 471
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 52p
AB  - This project evaluated the ability of concrete sealants to impede the ingress of chloride ions into concrete bridge decks. Laboratory testing evaluated 24 concrete-penetrating sealants and four film-forming products. The products were selected based on survey results from adjacent state transportation agencies. The Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) assisted the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) in developing Special Notes for applying four experimental sealants to two bridges (B00056L & B00056R) located on Interstate 471, over 6th Street in New Port, Kentucky. The sealants chosen for the field-testing were intended to reduce the ingress of chloride ions when deicing materials are applied to road surfaces. Pre- and post-application friction test data were collected – three of the four sealants increased friction resistance. The ongoing performance of sealants will be evaluated as part of a long-term monitoring plan.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion protection
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Friction tests
KW  - Kentucky
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Pile caps
KW  - Sealing compounds
UR  - http://www.ktc.uky.edu/files/2016/01/KTC_14_04_SPR388_12_1F.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1400068
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576264
AU  - Wang, Yang
AU  - Uddin, Nasim
AU  - Jacobs, Laurence J
AU  - Kim, Jin-Yeon
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Next-Generation Wireless Bridge Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) System Integrated with Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) Capability for Transportation Infrastructure Safety
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 82p
AB  - This project seeks to develop a rapidly deployable, low-cost, and wireless system for bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) and nondestructive evaluation (NDE). The system is proposed to assist in monitoring transportation infrastructure safety, for the first time ever, in a two-fold approach: control of overloaded trucks and safety assessment/monitoring of transportation infrastructure. The system contains individual wireless sensing nodes that integrate state-of-the-art shear strain sensors suitable for concrete bridge components, and ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) devices suitable for steel components.
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Shear strain
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Weigh in motion
KW  - Weighing devices
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-21%20RP.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1369388
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01563529
AU  - Eigen, Ana Maria
AU  - Valdivieso, Rafael Olarte
AU  - Ahrari, Amir
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Photographic Data Extraction Feasibility and Pilot Study in Support of
Roadside Safety and Roadway Departure Research
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 76p
AB  - This work represents the first phase of an ongoing low-cost in-house effort to perform data analysis, optimize internal data gathering in an informed fashion, make data requests to organizations, and obtain needed information. The work also calls on the definition of “roadway departure” prepared by a 2008 working group assembled by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety. The group provided a verbal and data definition in order to extract data and relate the data to the fatal crash population. Many applications exist for crashworthiness data and untapped resources from previously unqueried sources. The FHWA roadway departure definition provided a Fatality Analysis Reporting System data approach; however, other National Highway Traffic Safety Administration datasets exist with real-time or near real-time data. One such dataset is the National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Study (NMVCCS). The present work pursues photographic data extracted from the NMVCCS. This report provides further discussion regarding the surrogates adopted in framing roadway departure.
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey
KW  - Photographs
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Ran off road crashes
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/13088/13088.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1353190
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560962
AU  - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
AU  - Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Speed Management Program Plan
PY  - 2014/05
SP  - 40p
AB  - This document is an update of the Speed Management Strategic Initiative (retitled Speed Management Program Plan), originally published in 2005 and was developed jointly by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Federal Highway Administration, and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration to address speeding as a contributor to highway crashes and fatalities. The strategies contained in this initiative incorporate recommendations of the Transportation Research Board contained in Special Report 254, Managing Speed: Review of Current Practice for Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits and parallel elements from Volume 23, National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 500: A Guide for Reducing Speeding-Related Crashes. The goal of this Speed Management Program Plan is to improve public health and safety by reducing speeding-related fatalities and injuries. The plan  identifies six primary focus areas: Data and Data-Driven Approaches, Research and Evaluation, Technology, Enforcement and Adjudication, Engineering, and Education and Communications. Specific goals, objectives, and action items are identified for each focus area.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Safety programs
KW  - Speed control
KW  - Speed limits
KW  - Speeding
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Traffic law enforcement
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/speedmgt/ref_mats/docs/speedmgtprogplan812028.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1351072
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01560471
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Thompson, Marshall R
AU  - Al-Qadi, Imad
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Mechanistic-Empirical Design, Implementation, and Monitoring for Flexible Pavements: A Project Summary
PY  - 2014/05
IS  - 14-012
SP  - 11p
AB  - This document is a summary of tasks performed for Project ICT-R27-060. Mechanistic-empirical (M-E)–based flexible pavement design concepts and procedures were developed in previous Illinois Cooperative Highway Research Program projects (IHR-510, IHR-524, and ICT- R28) and have been implemented by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). IDOT continues to support a variety of M-E flexible pavement analysis, design, implementation, and monitoring activities. The objective of Project ICT-R27-060 was for University of Illinois staff to continue to provide technical support and cooperate with IDOT in these activities. The cost savings (and probably reduced user delay time) from such designs will benefit IDOT, local roads agencies, and the traveling public.
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Technical support
KW  - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
UR  - https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3120
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350334
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557287
AU  - Miller, John S
AU  - Bellinger, William Y
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Distress Identification Manual for the Long-Term Pavement Performance Program (Fifth Revised Edition)
PY  - 2014/05//Fifth
SP  - 146p
AB  - Accurate, consistent, and repeatable distress evaluation surveys can be performed by using the Distress Identification Manual for the Long-Term Pavement Performance Program. Color photographs and drawings illustrate the distresses found in three basic pavement types: asphalt concrete-surfaced, jointed (plain and reinforced) portland cement concrete, and continuously reinforced concrete. Drawings of the distress types provide a reference to assess their severity. Methods for measuring the size of distresses and for assigning severity levels are given. The manual also describes how to conduct the distress survey and measure cracks in the pavement. Sample forms for recording and reporting the data are included. The manual also tells how to calibrate and operate fault measurement devices.
KW  -  Long-Term Pavement Performance Program
KW  - Asphalt concrete pavements
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Continuously reinforced concrete pavements
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Forms (Documents)
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Measuring methods
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Portland cement concrete
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/ltpp/13092/13092.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54700/54723/13092.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346050
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01555806
AU  - Rojas, Edyson
AU  - Barr, Paul J
AU  - Halling, Marv W
AU  - Utah State University, Logan
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Bridge Response Due to Temperature Variations
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 137p
AB  - In order to more accurately quantify the behavior and degradation of bridges throughout their service life, the Federal Highway Administration launched the Long-Term Bridge Performance Program. As part of this program an I-girder, integral abutment bridge near Perry, Utah and a two span, box-girder bridge south of Sacramento, California were instrumented with foil strain gauges, velocity transducers, vibrating wire strain gauges, thermocouples, and tiltmeters. In this research study, data from the thermocouples were used to calculate average bridge temperature and compare it to the recommended design criteria in accordance to the 2010 LRFD Bridge Design Specifications of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). The design maximum average bridge temperature defined in the 2010 LRFD Bridge Design Specifications was exceeded for both bridges. The accuracy of the 1991 Kuppa Method and the 1976 Black and Emerson Method to estimate the average bridge temperature based on ambient temperature was studied and a new method that was found to be more accurate was proposed. Long-term predictions of average bridge temperature for both bridges were calculated. Temperature gradients were measured and compared to the 2010 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and the 1978 Priestley Method. Calculated flexural stresses as a function of maximum positive and negative temperature gradients were found to exceed the service limit state established in the 2010 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications in the case of the California bridge.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Bending stress
KW  - Box girder bridges
KW  - Jointless bridges
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - Perry (Utah)
KW  - Sacramento (California)
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Temperature gradients
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-034-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342955
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554292
AU  - Hawkins, Neal
AU  - Albrecht, Chris
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Multi-Purpose ESS/ITS Data Collection Sites
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 42p
AB  - This document presents the results of a state-of-practice survey of transportation agencies that are installing intelligent transportation sensors (ITS) and other devices along with their environmental sensing stations (ESS) also referred to as roadway weather information system (RWIS) assets.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Sensors
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/18673/1/IADOT_Aurora_InTrans_Hawkins_Multi_Purpose_ESS_ITS_Data_Collection_Sites_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342437
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551285
AU  - Abu-Hejleh, Naser M
AU  - Alzamora, Daniel
AU  - Mohamed, Khalid
AU  - Saad, Thomas
AU  - Anderson, Scott
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation Guidance for Using Spread Footings on Soils to Support Highway Bridges
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 83p
AB  - Recent Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) national surveys revealed that State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) have safely and economically constructed highway bridges supported on spread footings bearing on competent and improved natural soils as well as engineered granular and mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) fills, and that many State DOTs may be missing an opportunity to save time and costs by not doing so more often. The goal of this report is to promote the consideration and use of spread footings on soils when appropriate to support highway bridges. Initially, perceived obstacles in using spread footings are identified. Then, the report presents recommendations to address these obstacles and a guidance to help State DOTs implementing these recommendations that are centered around: 1) deployment of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official (AASHTO) and FHWA technical resources; 2) highlighting practices of State DOTs that actively use spread footings, especially for selection of spread footings; 3) a performance review of bridges constructed with spread footings bearing on soils; and 4) Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) implementation for spread footings. State DOTs’ concerns with using spread footings on engineered and MSE fills and with integral abutments are addressed. Consideration of load tests on spread footings, instrumentation programs for bridges with spread footings, and deployment of adequate subsurface investigation and construction programs are recommended. The main concern of State DOTs that do not consider spread footings is excessive settlement of bridges. This report advances a rational procedure for settlement analysis of bridges supported on spread footings bearing on soils. This procedure and the results of the national surveys demonstrate that bridges with spread footings on soil can perform very well with respect to settlement. Development of LRFD design bearing resistances for footings on various types of soils is discussed. Based on the previous recommendations, the report finally provides a technical resource for State DOTs to develop LRFD guidance that would allow selection of spread footings in design when appropriate, and development of accurate and economical design methods for spread footings.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Mechanically stabilized earth
KW  - Settlement (Structures)
KW  - Spread footings
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surveys
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Engineering/Structures/Documents/2014-Final-spreadfooting.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341185
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544610
AU  - Taylor, Peter
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Use of Ternary Mixtures in Concrete
PY  - 2014/05
SP  - 31p
AB  - This manual is a summary of the findings of a comprehensive study. Its purpose is to provide engineers with the information they need to make educated decisions on the use of ternary mixtures for constructing concrete structures. It discusses the effects of ternary mixtures on fresh and hardened mixture properties and on concrete sustainability; factors that need to be considered for both structural and mixture design; quality control issues; and three example mixtures from constructed projects.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Properties of materials
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Workability
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/17977/1/FHWA_IADOT_NCPTC_TPF_5_117_Taylor_Use_Ternary_Mixtures_in_Concrete_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330359
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544584
AU  - Civjan, Scott
AU  - Breña, Sergio
AU  - Kalayci, Emre
AU  - Quinn, Brooke
AU  - University of Massachusetts, Amherst
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Monitoring of Jointless Bridges - Phase III
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 349p
AB  - The third phase of a research project investigating the field performance of jointless bridges is reported. Three integral abutment bridges in Vermont, U.S. have been instrumented and monitored as part of this research. In Part I, general descriptions of the bridges are reported along with the final instrumentation plan for each bridge. Installation procedures are described along with data obtained during the construction process. As the bridges were completed a series of load tests were performed. The live load truck positions and collected data are reported. Three dimensional finite element models of each bridge were developed and are described. The data collected during construction stages and live load testing are analyzed and compared with the results of finite element models. In Part II, the long term data collected including seasonal thermal fluctuations are analyzed and compared with the results of finite element models.
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Jointless bridges
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Temperature measurement
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2014%20-%2007%20Performance%20Monitoring%20of%20Jointless%20Bridges%20-%20Phase%20III.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331768
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01535601
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Do, Ann H
AU  - Balk, Stacy A
AU  - Shurbutt, Jim W
TI  - Why did the Pedestrian Cross the Road?
PY  - 2014/05
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) conducted a study in 2012 to determine the environmental factors that influence where pedestrians cross the road. Pedestrian deaths account for over 14% of fatalities in roadway crashes. The study looked at risky crossings, such as during the “don’t walk” signal phase or outside marked crossings. FHWA researchers observed, coded, and analyzed the location, time, and other circumstances of pedestrian crossings at 20 locations in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. The results of the study helped FHWA to develop a model to predict pedestrian behavior, which will help to design crossings that will increase safety.
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Pedestrian movement
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Risk taking
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Washington Metropolitan Area
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14mayjun/04.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320088
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01535580
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Dingman, Chris
TI  - Neighbors Helping Neighbors
PY  - 2014/05
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
AB  - Wait time and delays at the United States-Canada border in recent years have been an impediment to free flow. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is working with the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Transport Canada, and the Canada Border Services Agency on projects and activities using technology to measure border wait time. The working group has developed a border wait-time project designed to investigate, test, and deploy an automated, technology-based system for measuring wait times at two crossing locations on the land border. Another project took place in Minnesota to develop a bridge border crossing. FHWA provided information assistance to the Minnesota Department of Transportation in order to facilitate this project.
KW  - Bridges and culverts
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Delays
KW  - Free flow speeds
KW  - International borders
KW  - Measuring instruments
KW  - Minnesota Department of Transportation
KW  - Transport Canada
KW  - U.S. Customs and Border Protection
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - United States-Canada Border
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14mayjun/01.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320085
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01535571
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Hayman, Sherry Barboza
AU  - Chiaparas, Courtney
AU  - Davis, Norah
TI  - Engineering Scenic Highways
PY  - 2014/05
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Office of Federal Lands Highway (FLH) works on projects on roads that service federal and tribal lands. The Office was established one hundred years ago and today provides highway design and construction services for federal agencies that manage public lands, with a focus on project delivery and project management. Challenges addressed by FLH include bolstering the economy, providing disaster assistance, facilitating partnerships, managing complex projects, and confronting working conditions. FLH works in a wide variety of conditions and locations across the country, working on projects in many environmentally sensitive areas with significant historical and cultural resources.
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Project management
KW  - Public land
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Scenic highways
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14mayjun/03.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320087
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01535553
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Saadatmand, Nastaran
AU  - Visintine, Beth
AU  - Rada, Gonzalo R
TI  - Predicting Your Pavement’s Future
PY  - 2014/05
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
AB  - An important part of roadway management is the assessment of pavement performance. Many transportation agencies in the United States are improving the conditions of their roads through next-generation models and measures of pavement performance. Software programs such as Pavement ME Design can use data from an agency’s pavement management system to calibrate models for local conditions. Calibrations analyze data to estimate the damage accumulation over the service life of a pavement, therefore allowing transportation agencies to improve predictions of pavement performance. Pavement performance models improve pavement management by helping agencies to assess the deterioration of a pavement overtime and predict future performance. Next-generation models and measures will help advance pavement management and improve the road network.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Service life
KW  - Software
KW  - United States
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14mayjun/02.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320086
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01535527
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - White, Tom
TI  - Transportation Gets Social
PY  - 2014/05
VL  - 77
IS  - 6
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) launched its first social media sites in 2011 and has been expanding its social media presence since then. FHWA leaders recognize the effects of social media on people’s everyday lives and the opportunities for communication that social media provides. In 2010, before engaging, FHWA formed a study of the impacts of social media to determine whether it would be appropriate and beneficial for the agency’s use. FHWA is currently sanctioned by the Office of the Secretary to use Facebook, Flickr, Twitter, and YouTube, though they are open to exploring additional social media applications in the future.
KW  - Communication
KW  - Internet
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Social media
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14mayjun/index.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320089
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532329
AU  - Briaud, Jean-Louis
AU  - Montalvo-Bartolomei, Axel
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Observation Method to Predict Meander Migration and Vertical Degradation of Rivers
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 108p
AB  - Meander migration and vertical degradation of river bed are processes that have been studied for years.  Different methods have been proposed to make predictions of the behavior of rivers with respect to these  processes. These two erosion controlled processes consist of the gradual change of the geometry of the river due to the flow of water eroding the soil. This erosion may cause a shift that could be a threat to existing bridges, highways and useful lands. Therefore, there is need for a method that can accurately predict the amount of erosion that may occur in rivers. Six different sites in Texas were selected for this project. Four of the selected rivers have meander migration problems and two have vertical degradation problems. Each river has shown erosion problems that have been a threat to the bridges, roads or farm lands. Aerial photos and maps from different years were obtained from different sources to study the change of the geometry of the rivers. River hydrographs were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey to estimate the river velocity. Soil samples from each site were obtained for laboratory testing, using the Erosion Function Apparatus. A method to predict meander migration and vertical degradation was developed by using the three main factors: geometry, water flow and soil erodibility. A code was written in MATLAB and Excel to predict the future movement of the meander or the vertical degradation by using a model based on the erosion function obtained from the erosion tests of the soil at each site and the average daily velocity of each river. Because this method is based on observed data, it was called the Observation Method.
KW  - Degradation (Hydrology)
KW  - Erosion
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Hydrographs
KW  - Meanders
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Scour
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6724-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317301
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530964
AU  - Lyons, William
AU  - Rasmussen, Benjamin
AU  - Daddio, David
AU  - Fijalkowski, Jared
AU  - Simmons, Erica
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program: Continued Progress in Developing Walking and Bicycling Networks
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 82p
AB  - In 2005, the United States Congress directed the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to develop the Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program (NTPP). The program provided over $25 million in contract authority to four pilot communities (Columbia, Missouri; Marin County, California; Minneapolis area, Minnesota; and Sheboygan County, Wisconsin) for pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and nonmotorized  programs. This report summarizes the progress and results of the NTPP from August 2005 through December 2013, updating and expanding upon the analysis from the Report to the U.S. Congress on the Outcomes of the Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program, submitted by the Federal Highway Administration in April 2012. This report analyzes the results through December 2013 of the NTPP in terms of program implementation, transportation mode shift toward walking and bicycling and associated improvements pertaining to access and mobility, safety and public health, and the environment and energy. From 2007 to 2013, the pilot communities observed an estimated 22.8 percent increase in the number of walking trips and an estimated 48.3 percent increase in the number of bicycling trips. This report examines how the NTPP pilot communities provide examples to other communities interested in implementing and evaluating nonmotorized investments.
KW  - Accessibility
KW  - Bicycle travel
KW  - Columbia (Missouri)
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Marin County (California)
KW  - Minneapolis (Minnesota)
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Modal shift
KW  - Nonmotorized transportation
KW  - Nonmotorized Transportation Pilot Program
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Public health
KW  - Sheboygan County (Wisconsin)
KW  - Walking
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bicycle_pedestrian/ntpp/2014_report/hep14035.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51902/hep14035.pdf?utm_source=GovDelivery&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=June%20newsletter
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313570
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530950
AU  - Lee, Seung-Kyoung
AU  - Zielske, James
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - An FHWA Special Study: Post-Tensioning Tendon Grout Chloride Thresholds
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 200p
AB  - Elevated levels of chloride were recently discovered in a commercially available pre-bagged grout product made for post-tensioned (PT) tendons. Chloride concentrations were reported to be as high as 5.27 percent by weight of cement. These numbers exceed the current limits set by all of the domestic and international regulatory committees. For example, the chloride limits for prestressed concrete imposed by American Concrete Institute committees are either 0.06 percent water-soluble chloride by weight of cement or 0.08 percent acid-soluble chloride by weight of cement. Chloride threshold is defined as a minimum chloride concentration needed to induce corrosion. However, there is limited information reported in the literature pertaining to actual chloride threshold of seven-wire PT strands. For this reason, the Federal Highway Administration sponsored a 6-month accelerated corrosion testing program to determine chloride threshold(s) of PT strands exposed to chloride-contaminated grout. Based on the test results obtained through the 6-month accelerated corrosion testing program and subsequent autopsy of the specimens, two chloride threshold values were determined for the PT strands fully encased in normal grout. The first threshold is 0.4 percent chloride concentration by weight of cement, which is the lowest amount needed to initiate corrosion of strands. At this threshold, rust spots can be formed, and a small number of pits start to form beneath some of the rust spots. The second critical chloride threshold is found in association with corrosion propagation. At this threshold, corrosion starts to intensify in terms of the number of pits and pit depth. Test data and autopsy results obtained in this study indicated that 0.8 percent chloride by weight of cement is the critical threshold. Once chloride concentration exceeds the critical threshold, significant corrosion damage can occur rapidly, and structural integrity of the PT bridges may be compromised in the near future. The actual deterioration rate will be influenced by many factors. These threshold values are applicable to normal grout condition only. They may not be adequate in other conditions such as carbonated grout, segregated grout, duct cracks, grout voids filled with water with or without chloride ions, or free sulfate ions in contact with the strands. In these circumstances, corrosion should start below the  proposed threshold values.
KW  - Chloride content
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Corrosion tests
KW  - Grout
KW  - Posttensioning
KW  - Tendons (Materials)
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14039/14039.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52159/fhwa14039.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313861
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530892
AU  - Nordback, Krista
AU  - Sellinger, Michael
AU  - Oregon Transportation Research and Education Consortium
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Methods for Estimating Bicycling and Walking in Washington State
PY  - 2014/05//Research Report
SP  - 76p
AB  - This report presents the work performed in the first and second phases in the process of creating a method to calculate Bicycle and Pedestrian Miles Traveled (BMT/PMT) for the state of Washington. First, the authors recommend improvements to the existing Washington State Bicycle and Pedestrian Documentation Program to provide data for BMT/PMT estimates, including expanding the program geographically and installing permanent automated bicycle and pedestrian counters to complement the short duration count program. The method to estimate BMT/PMT relies on the assumption of a stratified random sample drawn from the set of all roads and paths divided into 16 groups. These groups are based on three spatial attributes, which were gathered from a review of the literature: (1) Level of urbanism (two categories): Urban and Rural; (2) Facility type (two categories): Highway/Arterial and Other; and (3) Geographic/climatic regions (four regions): Coast Range, Puget Lowland, Cascades, Eastern Washington  This report describes the first steps being taken toward the goal of computing this metric. Count data from Seattle, Olympia, and the State’s Count Program have been gathered. To account for temporal variation, seasonal, daily and hourly adjustment factors have been computed based on one year of count data collected from the Fremont Bridge in Seattle. The short duration count sites have been grouped by the attributes described above, though most fall into just two groups: Puget Lowland Urban Arterial/Highway and Puget Lowland Urban Local/Collector/Path. Little or no data are available in most of the other groups. The roads in the state have also been divided into these 16 groups in order to compute total centerline miles for each group. This report outlines a sample-based method that could be used to compute BMT/PMT for the state and identifies both the data available for such a computation as well as the data gaps. It also suggests other methods that could also be used to estimate BMT/PMT to compare to the count-based method.
KW  - Bicycle travel
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Estimating
KW  - Pedestrian counts
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Person miles of travel
KW  - Walking distance
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/828.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314060
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529481
AU  - Kurker, Michael
AU  - Fournier, Chris
AU  - Zhao, Qun
AU  - Hakimi, Shadi
AU  - Qi, Yi
AU  - Tang, Shoupeng
AU  - Liu, Rouyu
AU  - Juri, Natalia Ruiz
AU  - Duthie, Jennifer
AU  - Machemehl, Randy
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Southern University
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Minimizing User Delay and Crash Potential through Highway Work Zone Planning
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 155p
AB  - Lane closures due to highway work zones introduce many challenges to ensuring smooth traffic operations and a safe environment for drivers and workers. In addition, merging has been found to be one of the most stressful aspects of driving and a merge process that is viewed as “unfair” through actions like queue jumping can lead to further unsafe behaviors stemming from “road rage.” To address these issues, the work in this project will focus on lane control solutions for intermediate and long-term highway work zones. In order to evaluate network performance, driver behavior, driver operations, and impacts on safety, several tools were used. Using a combination of field observations, microsimulation, and dynamic traffic assignment tools, the main objective was to develop a procedural guide or decision tree for freeway work zone traffic control planning. This procedural guide would then be presented to the Texas Department of Transportation in a pilot training workshop. Using microsimulation software, with a focus on VISSIM, the analysis of different applications of merge concepts through delay and safety is presented in the project. In order to appropriately draw conclusions about and identify trends of different merge concepts from the microsimulation software, early merge, late merge, and signal merge were first explored in a thorough literature review. In addition to delay and queuing analysis completed using VISSIM, the Federal Highway Administration’s Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) was used to address the effects of implementing signal merge on rear-end and lane-change conflicts. Compiling the data collection, VISSIM microsimulation outputs, and SSAM signal merge safety outputs, general conclusions and decisions were provided.
KW  - Decision trees
KW  - Dynamic traffic assignment
KW  - Lane changing
KW  - Merging control
KW  - Microsimulation
KW  - Surrogate Safety Assessment Model
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - VISSIM (Computer model)
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6704-1.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52138/0-6704-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311875
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01529465
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Mahmoud, Enad
AU  - Ortiz, Eduardo
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of AIMS in Measuring Aggregate Resistance to Polishing, Abrasion, and Breakage
PY  - 2014/05
IS  - 14-014
SP  - 59p
AB  - The feasibility of using the Micro-Deval apparatus along with the second-generation Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS) to develop a procedure for measuring aggregate polishing resistance, and to measure aggregate shape properties was investigated. Eleven aggregate sources from the state of Illinois and neighboring states were selected to develop an aggregate polishing experimental procedure using AIMS and Micro-Deval. AIMS was used to measure aggregate shape properties with a special focus on aggregate angularity and surface texture, while Micro-Deval provided the needed polishing/degradation. Mathematical, statistical, and rate of texture loss analysis indicated that all aggregate sources reached terminal texture at 210 minutes or less. Aggregate angularity followed the same trend, and terminal angularity was achieved at 210 minutes or less. As the polishing procedure was finalized, aggregate shape properties were tested for 77 aggregate sources. Shape properties were measured before polishing and after polishing in Micro-Deval at 105 and 210 minutes, and a database was developed using Microsoft Excel. The research team also studied the number of aggregate particles that must be scanned in AIMS. Random sub-sampling and asymptotic analyses were conducted and it was concluded that 120 particles were required. This finding was further evaluated by manual sampling of 120 aggregate particles. The manual sampling proved that 120 particles were enough for AIMS angularity and texture measurements.
KW  - Abrasion resistance
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Angularity
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Image analysis
KW  - Micro-Deval Abrasion Test
KW  - Polishing (Aggregates)
KW  - Properties of materials
KW  - Shape
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/49941
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311857
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529449
AU  - Kweon, Young-Jun
AU  - Lim, In-Kyu
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Safety Performance Functions for Multilane Highway and Freeway Segments Maintained by the Virginia Department of Transportation
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 42p
AB  - The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) adopted the software Safety Analyst™ as its highway safety management tool in 2009. One of the requirements for implementation of Safety Analyst is to have appropriate safety performance functions (SPFs) reflecting Virginia conditions. The purpose of this study was to develop such SPFs for multilane highway and freeway segments that could replace Safety Analyst’s default SPFs. Five years (2004-2008) of data collected from 20,235 multilane highway segments and 2,905 directional freeway segments in Virginia were used in the development of the SPFs. Statewide SPFs were developed for 4 subtypes of multilane highway segments and 10 subtypes of freeway segments. VDOT district-group SPFs were developed for 4 subtypes of multilane highway segments. The default SPFs in Safety Analyst were found to be different than the developed Virginia SPFs with respect to their curve shapes, and, as a result, adjusting the default SPFs to Virginia conditions by calibration factors resulted in inaccurate crash predictions at low and high volumes of annual average daily traffic. Thus, the Virginia-specific statewide SPFs developed in this study should be used when implementing Safety Analyst in Virginia. Although the shapes of the multilane highway segment SPFs were found to vary across VDOT districts, incorporating variations through the creation of new subtypes was found to be inappropriate for the current version of Safety Analyst. As a consequence, district-group SPFs for the multilane highway segments cannot be implemented in Safety Analyst. However, all SPFs developed in this study, including district-group SPFs, can be implemented without the use of Safety Analyst. Therefore, use of the statewide SPFs developed in this study is recommended when Safety Analyst can be used and use of the statewide or district-group SPFs developed in this study is recommended when implementation of Safety Analyst is not feasible.
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Multilane highways
KW  - Safety Analyst
KW  - Safety management
KW  - Safety Performance Functions
KW  - Software
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311856
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529443
AU  - Betti, Raimondo
AU  - Khazem, Dyab
AU  - Carlos, Mark
AU  - Gostautas, Richard
AU  - Virmani, Y Paul
AU  - Columbia University
AU  - Parsons Transportation Group
AU  - Physical Acoustics Corporation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Corrosion Monitoring Research for City of New York Bridges
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 204p
AB  - Current inspection procedures for suspension bridge main cables mainly consist of visually inspecting the exterior covering of the cable every 2 years. An in-depth inspection is usually scheduled as necessary to assess the condition of the interior wires by wedging the cable at selected locations along the cable. However, such approaches were found to be deficient in uncovering the most deteriorated and weakest regions in the cables of several bridges during their full cable rehabilitation projects. In this study, an integrated methodology was developed that uses state-of-the-art sensing capabilities and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technologies to assess the cable condition. A smart sensor system integrated with NDE technologies is an approach that shows potential for assessing the condition of suspension bridge cables. NDE technologies for direct detection of the corrosion damage (i.e., main flux method, magnetostrictive technology, and acoustic emission technology) were implemented, validated, and tested for suspension bridge cable applications. In addition, a network of sensors that can monitor the external and internal environment of such cables and provide information that can be used to indirectly assess the cable’s deterioration conditions and their evolution over time were assembled and extensively tested. In the selection of the sensors to be used for indirect sensing, special consideration was placed in considering the performance of such sensors in realistic service conditions such as a harsh environment, extreme reversals in cyclic histories (temperature, humidity, strain, electrochemical activity byproducts, etc.), large compaction forces, etc. To recreate conditions as close as possible to real operating conditions, a cable mockup, which was 20 inches (508 mm) in diameter and 20 ft (6.1 m) long and subjected to 1,100 kips (4,893,043.76 N) and fully instrumented, was built at Columbia University and tested in an enclosed accelerated corrosion chamber. The results showed that the selected sensors were able to successfully measure temperature, humidity, and corrosion rate within the cable. The same system was then installed on two panels of the Manhattan Bridge, and measurements of temperature, relative humidity, and corrosion rate in the cable interior were successfully recorded for almost 1 year from November 2010 to September 2011.
KW  - Bridge cables
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Manhattan Bridge (New York, New York)
KW  - New York (New York)
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Suspension bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14023/14023.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312034
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529431
AU  - Cuelho, Eli
AU  - Perkins, Steve
AU  - Morris, Zachary
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Montana Department of Transportation
AU  - Idaho Department of Transportation
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - South Dakota Department of Transportation
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Wyoming Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Relative Operational Performance of Geosynthetics Used As Subgrade Stabilization
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 331p
AB  - Full-scale test sections were constructed, trafficked and monitored to compare the relative operational  performance of geosynthetics used as subgrade stabilization as well as determine which material properties are most related to performance. Seventeen, 50-ft. long test sections were constructed – fourteen containing geosynthetic reinforcement and three without. A subgrade material was prepared and constructed to an average strength of 1.79 California Bearing Ratio (CBR) with the exception of two reinforced test sections which were constructed to greater and lesser strengths in order to determine the effect subgrade strength had on the performance of the test sections. The test sections were constructed with an average base course thickness of 10.9 in. with the exception of two controls where the base thickness was intentionally increased to evaluate the effect of base thickness on test section performance. Information from the test sections that were purposely constructed with different subgrade strength and base course thickness were used to correct any variability in the remaining reinforced test sections. Test sections were trafficked using a 45-kip, 3-axle dump truck. Rut, displacement, strain, and pore-water pressure were monitored during trafficking. Post-trafficking excavations were conducted to evaluate damage to the geosynthetic, base contamination from the subgrade, and strength and deformation of the layers. Longitudinal rut was the primary indicator of performance. Geosynthetic material properties were used in a linear regression analysis to determine which properties best related to performance of the test sections in this study as well as test sections from Phase I. It was determined that the strength and stiffness of the junctions and tensile strength properties in the cross-machine direction correlated well with performance. The woven and non-woven geotextiles also performed well, but further research is needed to determine which material properties correspond to performance. Additional work is needed to more confidently specify minimum values for geosynthetic material properties associated with good performance in subgrade stabilization applications
KW  - California bearing ratio
KW  - Geosynthetics
KW  - Linear regression analysis
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
KW  - Tensile strength
KW  - Test sections
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/research_proj/subgrade/final_report-2.pdf
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/479
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54100/54160/final_report-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312749
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529430
AU  - Edgar, Thomas V
AU  - University of Wyoming, Laramie
AU  - Wyoming Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Instrumentation and Analysis of Frost Heave Mitigation on WY-70, Encampment, WY
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 125p
AB  - This project investigated a novel procedure to reduce or prevent subgrade freezing non-destructively by injecting a two-part polymer foam at the top of the subgrade. Controlled injection of Uretek Star, expanding structural polymer foam, created a continuous three-inch thick layer of insulation that significantly reduced the heat loss from the deeper soil and almost totally eliminated frost heave at a site on highway WY- 70, four and one-half miles west of Encampment, Wyoming. The foam layer also prevented the upward movement of water from the warmer regime under the foam to the upper frozen regime above the foam. This prevented any segregational freezing in the upper zone. The two-year research project consisted of measuring pavement elevation changes along five 300-foot long lines over the heave area and monitoring subsurface temperatures at six locations inside and outside of the injection zone. The construction time for the 100-foot section was one week for injection and milling the surface. Construction was contained in one lane, leaving a lane open for the entire duration without a detour, increasing safety and minimizing impact for the driving public. Additionally, a procedure is developed for estimating the thickness of the foam layer required for other sites with different average temperatures.
KW  - Freezing
KW  - Frost heaving
KW  - Frost heaving soils
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Polyurethane foams
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
KW  - Wyoming
UR  - http://www.dot.state.wy.us/files/live/sites/wydot/files/shared/Planning/Research/Frost%20Heave%20Report%205-22-2014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51959/Frost_Heave_Report_5-22-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312247
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529410
AU  - Trejo, David
AU  - Porter, Frank
AU  - Chen, Jiaming
AU  - Lee, Hyun Woo
AU  - Oregon State University, Corvallis
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Comparison of Pelletized Lime with Other Anti-Stripping Additives
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 70p
AB  - Stripping is a common problem in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements in Oregon, especially in Eastern Oregon. Stripping is the degradation of the bond between the aggregate and the asphalt binder due to the  presence of water – this mechanism of degradation can lead to loss of capacity and cracking in the  pavement. A common additive used in the industry to mitigate stripping damage is powdered lime.  However, challenges with air-borne powdered lime have state highway agencies (SHAs) investigating alternatives to powdered lime. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of potential alternatives to powdered lime additive in preventing stripping. This research evaluated the moisture susceptibility of five anti-stripping additives with three separate aggregates. The aggregates exhibited a range of potential stripping from not susceptible to susceptible. Results indicate that Aggregates 1 and 3 are likely susceptible to stripping, with Aggregate 3 likely being the most susceptible. Powdered lime increased the tensile strength ratio (TSR) and environmental conditioning system (ECS) ratios for the susceptible aggregates. Mixtures with Additive 4 exhibited similar performance to mixes containing powdered lime. Additive 2 exhibited improved performance compared to the control but TSR and ECS ratios  were lower than the specimens with powdered lime. Results from mixtures with Additive 3 exhibited  limited improvements in TSR and ECS ratios. Additives 4 and 2 should be considered for future use in  HMA when stripping could be an issue. One practice in Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) is to inlay HMA pavements 15 years after construction. If the pavement is exhibiting damage resulting from stripping, the inlay can be specified to be 4 inches (102 mm) deep. If the pavement is not exhibiting damage from stripping, the inlay can be specified at 2 inches (51 mm) deep. Using this information, an economic analysis was performed. Other options are available but these were not included in the analysis. The economic analysis indicates that when a reduction in inlay thickness is realized, there is significant value in using additives. The sensitivity analyses indicated that large changes in the input variables do not make the cost of using additive cost ineffective – that is, there is significant value in using additives even when input variables (rate of return, number of future inlays, inlay depth, cost of inlay HMA, original construction cost, and additive cost) change significantly.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Antistrip additives
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Calcium oxide
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Moisture damage
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Stripping (Pavements)
KW  - Tensile strength
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR732_PelletizedLime_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312803
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529406
AU  - McFalls, Jett
AU  - Rounce, David
AU  - Yi, Young-Jae
AU  - Cleveland, Ted
AU  - Storey, Beverly
AU  - Murphy, Holly
AU  - Barrett, Michael
AU  - Dalton, Desirae
AU  - Lawler, Desmond
AU  - Morse, Audra
AU  - Eck, Brad
AU  - Herrmann, George R
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Testing of Coagulants to Reduce Stormwater Runoff Turbidity
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 86p
AB  - On December 1, 2009, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a rule in the Federal  Register establishing non-numeric and, for the first time, numeric effluent limitation guidelines (ELGs). The  numeric ELGs included a turbidity limit of 280 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) and sampling  requirements for stormwater discharges from construction sites that disturb 20 or more acres of land at one  time. At that time, the EPA required Texas to implement these new requirements when the Texas  Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) renewed their Texas Construction General Permit (CGP) in  2013. Due to litigation regarding the initial numeric ELG implementation, the EPA put numeric ELGs on  hold in 2011 and on April 13, 2013, proposed to withdraw the numeric ELG as a requirement. This project was initiated in 2010 to prepare the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) for changes to the CGP regarding the monitoring and sampling of their construction site to meet the anticipated numeric ELG requirements. The scope of the project was modified due to EPA’s actions. However, in light of anticipated future numeric limits, the project’s monitoring and testing experiments proceeded to 1) determine “typical turbidity” representative of TxDOT’s construction site discharges, 2) collect performance data on innovative erosion and sediment control measures that might be expected to achieve the discharge standard, and 3) provide update to TxDOT’s Stormwater Managements Guidelines for Construction Activities.
KW  - Coagulation
KW  - Construction sites
KW  - Effluents
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Texas
KW  - Turbidity
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6638-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311876
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529352
AU  - Romanoschi, Stefan
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - University of Texas, Arlington
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Validation of the Maximum Allowable Amounts of Recycled Binder, RAP, and RAS Using Accelerated Pavement Testing—Interim Report
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - This report summarizes the work conducted on Project 0-6682 up to August 31, 2013. The report is  organized in five chapters corresponding to separate tasks in the project work plan, as follows: Chapter 1 presents the summary of the findings from the literature review. Chapter 2 presents the plan for the accelerated pavement testing. Chapter 3 reports on the establishment of the accelerated pavement testing facility. Chapter 4 presents the results of the laboratory testing conducted to design the mixes. Chapter 5 presents the construction of the hot mix asphalt layers and provides results of the in-situ tests done during construction.
KW  - Accelerated tests
KW  - Binders
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6682-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312415
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529349
AU  - Goodchild, Anne
AU  - Wygonik, Erica
AU  - McMullen, B Starr
AU  - Holder, Daniel
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Multimodal Freight Project Prioritization
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 155p
AB  - As available data has increased and as the national transportation funding bills have moved toward  objective evaluation, departments of transportation (DOTs) throughout the country have begun to  develop tools to measure the impacts of different projects. Increasingly, DOTs recognize the freight  transportation system is necessarily multimodal. However, few DOTs have clearly stated objective  tools to make multimodal freight project comparisons. This report informs that gap by summarizing  the existing academic literature on the state of the science for freight project impact estimation and  reviewing methods currently used by select DOTs nationwide. These methods are analyzed to identify  common themes and determine potential avenues for multimodal project evaluation. Most methods  either take the form of benefit-cost analysis or a scorecard approach. Examples of each were reviewed  in-depth and patterns evaluated. While most tools use similar measures, the supporting metrics vary  widely and are not applicable to all modes.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - United States
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51800/51858/SPR759_FreightPrioritization.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311854
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529347
AU  - Porter, J David
AU  - Kim, David S
AU  - Ghanbartehrani, Saeed
AU  - Oregon State University, Corvallis
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Proof Of Concept: GTFS Data As A Basis For Optimization Of Oregon’s Regional And Statewide Transit Networks
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 72p
AB  - Assessing the current "state of health" of individual transit networks is a fundamental part of studies aimed at planning changes and/or upgrades to the transportation network serving a region. To be able to effect changes that benefit both the individual transit networks as well as the larger transportation system, organizations need to develop meaningful strategies guided by specific performance metrics. A fundamental requirement for the development of these performance metrics is the availability of accurate data regarding transit networks. Prior to 2005, transit data was not readily available. This situation complicated the assessment of single transit networks, let alone performing a state-wide or region-wide study. The advent of the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) changed this constrained landscape and motivated transit operators to release their schedules and route information to third party developers. In this report, the development work conducted to create an open source software tool to help the Oregon Department of  Transportation's Public Transit Division gain a better understanding and more efficient utilization of existing state-wide transit networks is described. The final product, referred to as the Transit Network Analysis software tool, incorporates GTFS data and census data as its main inputs and can be used to visualize, analyze and report on the Oregon transit network.
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS)
KW  - Network analysis (Planning)
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Software
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR752_GTFS_Data.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312184
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529346
AU  - Long, Kan
AU  - Wu, Hui
AU  - Zhang, Zhanmin
AU  - Murphy, Mike
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Quantitative Relationship between Crash Risks and Pavement Skid Resistance
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 71p
AB  - Faced with continuously increasing maintenance due to aging infrastructure, the Texas Department of  Transportation (TxDOT) is evaluating the potential impact of reduced funding on highway safety. The main  objective of this report is to develop a methodological procedure to identify threshold levels of pavement skid  resistance for highways in the context of traffic crashes, assisting TxDOT Administration and engineers in  making proper maintenance decisions. As a result, the efficiency and safety of the highway system could be preserved. The scope of this study covers all types of state-maintained highways in Texas.
KW  - Crash risk forecasting
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Skid resistance
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6713-1.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52139/0-6713-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311877
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529327
AU  - Collins, J
AU  - Mullins, G
AU  - Lewis, C
AU  - Winters, D
AU  - Foundation and Geotechnical Engineering, LLC
AU  - Engineering and Software Consultants, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - State of the Practice and Art for Structural Health Monitoring of Bridge Substructures
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 100p
AB  - In an age of technological advances, the ability to monitor the performance of bridge foundations has evolved such that both short- and long-term data acquisition of embedded gauges is not only available but also cost effective. Case studies were documented that show the merits of using embedded gauges and low-cost data collection systems to provide increased quality assurance during construction as well as a means to monitor the health of the foundations while in service.
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Bridge substructures
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Measuring instruments
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/09040/09040.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311861
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01527895
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Busby, Ryan
AU  - U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Native Vegetation Establishment for IDOT Erosion Control Best Management Practices
PY  - 2014/05//Research Report
IS  - 14-011
SP  - 138p
AB  - The objective of this report was to develop native roadside vegetation best management practices for the Illinois Department of Transportation. A review of current practices was undertaken, along with a review of those of other state departments of transportation that routinely use native vegetation for roadsides. Additionally, literature was reviewed for site preparation and desirable qualities, seed and species selection and quality control, application of seed, and management of vegetation. To better understand current practices, the authors performed a study to assess the performance of existing native seed mixes and practices along Illinois roadsides. Multiple sites were identified where native seed mixes were applied to roadsides. Vegetation sampling was performed to identify which species were present and in what quantities, and was compared to the seed mixes that were applied, to determine which species were successful. Based on the literature review and study results, numerous recommendations for native roadside vegetation best management practices were made.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Illinois Department of Transportation
KW  - Native plants
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Seeds
KW  - Vegetation control
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/49300
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310609
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01527894
AU  - Zhou, Huaguo
AU  - Rouholamin, Mahdi Pour
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Guidelines for Reducing Wrong-Way Crashes on Freeways
PY  - 2014/05
SP  - 92p
AB  - Each year, hundreds of fatal wrong-way driving (WWD) crashes occur across the United States, and thousands of injuries are reported in traffic crashes caused by wrong-way drivers. Although WWD crashes have been a concern since the advent of access-controlled, divided roadways, the problem persists despite efforts to address it over time. The objective of this book is to provide guidance for implementing traditional and advanced safety countermeasures to achieve a significant reduction in the number of WWD incidents and crashes on freeways.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - United States
KW  - Wrong way driving
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/48998
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310612
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01527165
AU  - Battistini, Anthony
AU  - Wang, Weihua
AU  - Donahue, Sean
AU  - Helwig, Todd
AU  - Engelhardt, Michael
AU  - Frank, Karl
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improved Cross Frame Details for Steel Bridges
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 411p
AB  - Cross frames are critical members for the stability of straight and curved steel bridges. Conventional cross  frames are often fabricated from steel angles; however these members have relatively poor structural behavior. Because of the low buckling strength, cross frames with angle diagonals are often designed as tension-only systems, therefore increasing the necessary steel. The angles are also connected through one leg resulting in eccentric connections causing bending of the members and potentially reducing the fatigue performance. Improved behavior may result if concentric members are utilized for the cross frames. The increased buckling strength of tubes and double angles results in effective members in both tension and compression, and a single diagonal cross frame can provide effective bracing. Although there are structural advantages of utilizing concentric members, a suitable connection must be developed. Tubes are often connected by slitting the tube in the center and welding to a connection plate, which requires precise fabrication and relatively poor fatigue behavior. One proposed solution is to use a steel casting designed to connect easily to the beams and to seal the end of the tube (preventing exposure to atmospheric conditions).  In addition, the report covers in detail the categorization of the single angle detail for both X and K frame configurations. To date, the determination of the single angle fatigue detail has been largely based on component tests only. The project incorporated both component and full-scale cross frame fatigues tests to fully examine the interaction of the cross frame members with the overall structure. Finally, the project also examined the stiffness behavior of cross frames, using a combination of full-scale laboratory tests and computational finite element model analysis.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Fatigue tests
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Frames
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - Steel castings
KW  - Stiffness
KW  - Structural connection
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6564-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310860
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01527160
AU  - Garcia, Jose
AU  - Sun, Wei
AU  - Kim, Changhyuk
AU  - Ghannoum, Wassim M
AU  - Jirsa, James O
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Procedures for the Installation and Quality Control of Anchored CFRP Sheets for Shear Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Girders
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 51p
AB  - The objective of the implementation study was to: (1) Provide guidance for installation of strengthening systems; (2) Provide training materials for personnel carrying out construction and inspection for shear strengthening of concrete beams using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) anchors and sheets on concrete beams; (3) Suggest quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures; and (4) Provide design recommendations and specifications for projects.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Carbon fibers
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Fiber reinforced polymers
KW  - Girders
KW  - Installation
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - Strengthening (Maintenance)
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/5-6306-01-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310861
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526419
AU  - Bligh, Roger P
AU  - Arrington, Dusty R
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Temporary Large Guide Signs
PY  - 2014/05
SP  - 160p
AB  - A common issue during phased highway construction projects is the need to temporarily relocate large guide signs on the roadside or install new guide signs for temporary use. The conventional concrete  foundations used for these signs are costly and time consuming to install and remove after construction is  completed. Direct embed wood and steel post support systems for temporary large guide signs were developed and successfully crash tested in accordance with Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) guidelines. The designs considered wind loads, foundation requirements, and impact performance. The direct embedded support posts eliminate the need for reinforced concrete foundations. The results of the research can be used to establish acceptance of other less critical design configurations for other sizes of temporary guide signs. Variations include different post size, grade, and spacing.
KW  - Design
KW  - Guide signs
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Posts
KW  - Sign supports
KW  - Steel
KW  - Temporary structures
KW  - Wood
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6782-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308911
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01526357
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Proceedings of the 2013 National Wrong-Way Driving Summit
PY  - 2014/05
AB  - The first National Wrong-Way Driving (WWD) Summit was held July 18 and 19, 2013, at the Morris University Center (MUC) of Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (SIUE). The purpose of this summit, which was sponsored by the Illinois Center for Transportation (ICT) and Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT), was to provide a platform for practitioners and researchers to exchange ideas, evaluate current countermeasures, and develop best practices to reduce WWD crashes and incidents through a 4E’s approach (Engineering, Education, Enforcement, and Emergency Response).
U1  - 2013 National Wrong-Way Driving SummitIllinois Center for TransportationIllinois Department of TransportationEdwardsville,Illinois,United States StartDate:20130718 EndDate:20130719 Sponsors:Illinois Center for Transportation, Illinois Department of Transportation
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Wrong way driving
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/49045
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309748
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526353
AU  - Kenney, Megan
AU  - Castro, Marisol
AU  - Ramani, Tara
AU  - Zietsman, Josias
AU  - Bhat, Chandra
AU  - Farzaneh, Reza
AU  - Zhang, Yue
AU  - Bernardo, Chrissy
AU  - Narayanamoorthy, Sriram
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Incorporating Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions in Long Range Transportation Planning – Final Report
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 142p
AB  - Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continue to be an important focus area for state, local, and federal  agencies. The transportation sector is the second biggest contributor to GHG emissions in the U.S., and  Texas contributes the highest emissions among states in the country. Many transportation agencies are  moving toward tackling the issue of GHG emissions on a voluntary or state-level policy basis. It is also  expected that in the future, federal regulations could require transportation agencies to address GHG  reductions in long-range transportation planning. This report presents a framework to link GHG emissions  mitigation strategies with long-range transportation plans. The intent of the framework was to be flexible,  practical, and equip Texas transportation practitioners with tools needed to address GHG emissions in the  long-range transportation planning process. Each step of the framework involves different stakeholders,  processes, and challenges that can occur and need to be taken into consideration. The framework can be  used to supplement federal-level guidance or policy, or serve as a starting point for Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) and its partner  agencies in the absence of federal guidance on the subject of transportation GHG emissions reductions. The framework includes guidance on incorporating control strategies, performance measures, and evaluation tools into long-range planning process to reduce GHG emissions.
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Long range planning
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Texas
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6696-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308909
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526254
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Kay
AU  - Iragavarapu, Vichika
AU  - Brewer, Marcus A
AU  - Lord, Dominique
AU  - Hudson, Joan
AU  - Avelar, Raul
AU  - Robertson, James
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Characteristics of Texas Pedestrian Crashes and Evaluation of Driver Yielding at Pedestrian Treatments
PY  - 2014/05//Technical Report
SP  - 290p
AB  - For Texas, the average number of pedestrian fatalities for 2007 to 2011 is about 400 per year. Due to the high number of pedestrian crashes, Texas is considered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to be a “focus” state. Researchers found that 2 percent of all Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT)-reportable traffic crashes and 15 percent of all TxDOT-reportable fatal crashes were pedestrian related. Most non-fatal crashes are associated with daylight, at intersections, and on city streets, whereas most fatal crashes are associated with dark conditions, midblock locations, and high-speed roadways. Twenty-one percent of all fatal TxDOT-reportable pedestrian crashes occurred on freeways—a location where pedestrians are least expected. Additional research into how to address pedestrian crashes, especially freeway crashes, is needed, perhaps using FHWA’s new systematic safety project selection tool. In the past decade, the pedestrian hybrid beacon (PHB) and rectangular rapid-flashing beacon (RRFB) have shown great potential in improving driver yielding rates and conditions for crossing pedestrians. Researchers conducted a field study at 7 traffic control signal (TCS) sites, 22 RRFB sites, and 32 PHB sites in Texas with the effectiveness measure being the percent of drivers yielding to a staged pedestrian. Results showed that driver yielding rates varied by type of treatment. Overall, TCSs in Texas have the highest driver yielding rates (98 percent), followed by PHBs (89 percent) and RRFBs (86 percent). Those cities with a greater number of a particular device (i.e., Austin for the PHB and Garland for the RRFB) had higher driver yielding rates as compared to cities where the device was only used at a few crossings. Also, as drivers became more familiar with the PHB, a greater proportion yielded, perhaps because they  gained a better understanding of expectations or requirements over time. As part of this study, researchers conducted a before-and-after field study at four RRFB sites and one PHB site to identify the changes in driver yielding and selected pedestrian behaviors resulting from installing these treatments at previously untreated crosswalks. The installations resulted in noticeable improvement in the number of yielding vehicles.
KW  - Before and after studies
KW  - Crosswalks
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Highway beacons
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Pedestrian-vehicle crashes
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Yielding
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6702-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309291
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01525495
AU  - Cavin, Glynn W
AU  - Coco, Mary Leah
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Knowledge Transfer in an Immersive Virtual Learning Environment for the Transportation Community
PY  - 2014/05//Final Report
SP  - 82p
AB  - Immersive Virtual Learning Environments (IVLEs) are extensively used in training, but few rigorous scientific investigations regarding the transfer of learning have been conducted. Measurement of learning transfer through evaluative methods is key for determining the likelihood of equivalent performance post-training intervention. Research has shown that immersive virtual learning environments are advantageous for training psychomotor activities and spatial activities, but it is unclear whether these environments are beneficial for memorizing a procedure. More important than the IVLE technology is the ability of IVLEs to provide higher critical thinking to learners. IVLEs are often implemented through the use of game-based technology, which is argued to hold the promise for fostering critical thinking skills and other 21st century skills. The role of a highway flagman is one that involves high-order problem solving and decision making skills due to variables, such as weather conditions, traffic complexity, multifaceted geographic settings, and multiple lane intersections, that impact a flagman’s final decisions regarding construction and/or maintenance work zone design and implementation. For this reason, it is critical for flaggers to receive highly transferable training so they can perform to the best of their ability. This research tested the use of an IVLE simulating real-world highway work zones. IVLEs go beyond traditional visual learning by presenting images that combine a new form of visual learning and virtual-experiential learning in away that is more congruent with an individual’s visual images stored in memory, thus improving knowledge transfer and retention. The visual cues that the learner experiences in the virtual world are so similar to the visual cues in the real world that recall of virtual world lessons stored in memory are triggered by the same cues in the real world. Additionally, the student can experiment, make mistakes, and repeat the activity as often as necessary, achieving a virtual-experiential understanding of the concept that can only be duplicated in real-world experiential learning, which is often not practical. Such immersive engagement in the learning activity will allow the learners to move beyond the memorization of the presented concepts and into the application and synthesis of the material.
KW  - Flaggers
KW  - Learning
KW  - Road construction workers
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Traffic safety education
KW  - Training programs
KW  - Virtual reality
KW  - Work zone safety
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/FR_502.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310666
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505838
AU  - Pratt, Michael P
AU  - Geedipally, Srinivas R
AU  - Pike, Adam M
AU  - Carlson, Paul J
AU  - Lord, Dominique
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating the Need for Surface Treatments to Reduce Crash Frequency on Horizontal Curves
PY  - 2014/05
SP  - 118p
AB  - The application of high-friction surface treatments at appropriate horizontal curve locations throughout the state has the potential to improve driver performance and reduce the number of crashes experienced at horizontal curves. These treatments must be implemented judiciously due to their cost, but have the potential to improve safety at lower cost than geometric improvements like curve straightening, and with greater effectiveness than control-device treatments like installing delineators or Chevrons. An analysis framework has been developed to assess the need for surface treatments at curves based on the concept of margin of safety analysis. Models have been developed to predict vehicle speeds throughout a curve, and calibrated using data from Texas curve sites. Safety prediction models have also been developed to quantify the relationship between skid number and curve crash frequency. This information can be applied to evaluate the safety performance of a curve of interest and estimate the potential safety benefit of installing a high-friction surface treatment.
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Driver performance
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Surface treating
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic crashes
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6714-1-CD.zip
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6714-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286467
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01558249
AU  - URS Corporation
AU  - New South Associates
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - GDOT Historic Landscape Mitigation Evaluation
PY  - 2014/04/29
SP  - 621p
AB  - This document provides an in depth analysis of fourteen historic landscape mitigation projects implemented throughout Georgia in the last fifteen years by the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) as part of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. Prior to this document, no previous analysis of past GDOT Section 106 landscaping mitigation efforts had been performed. Included in this study is an assessment to determine if the landscaping mitigation 1) was true to the proposed mitigation, and 2) benefited the historic resource and the resource’s property owner. The analysis was done by professional historians and landscape architects from GDOT and the consulting firms of URS and New South Associates.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Georgia Department of Transportation
KW  - Historic preservation
KW  - History
KW  - Landscaping
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/11-32.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1347059
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545931
TI  - Combined Interface for Project Level Air Quality Analysis
AB  - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the computer program, Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES), to model carbon monoxide (CO), coarse particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and mobile source air toxics (MSATs) emissions. The model can also perform greenhouse gas emissions analyses. Forty-nine states use MOVES while California uses EMission FACtors (EMFAC) model to estimate vehicle emissions. Project level analyses may also require the use of dispersion models such as CAL3QHC, CAL3QHCR, or AERMOD. Running these dispersion and emissions models require a high level of technical expertise. With the complexity of the models, the associated requirements/guidance, and the computer programs developed, many state departments of transportation (DOTs) are finding it technically challenging to perform air quality analysis or review analyses completed by consultants. In particular, there is a need for a user-friendly software, graphical user interface, or web-based interface for practitioners working on transportation air quality analyses at the project level. Practitioners need a combined interface to input data on a step-by-step basis, select dispersion or emission models, run the models, and process the outputs. Research is needed to create such a combined interface for running existing federally approved and public domain models. The objective of this project is to develop a combined user-friendly interface for air quality practitioners to run: (a) EPA approved public domain emission and dispersion models for carbon monoxide and particulate matter, and (b) public domain emission models for mobile source air toxics and greenhouse gases. The interface will be applied by practitioners to conduct and review project level transportation air quality analyses. Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks:  PHASE I - (1). Conduct an assessment of existing tools, interfaces, models, and current guidance to develop a knowledge base and preliminary specifications for the user interface. Prepare a technical memorandum providing (1) preliminary specifications for the interface addressing design architecture and functionality, and (2) the knowledge base that was used to prepare the specifications.  The design architecture should, at a minimum, include plans for (a) desktop-based or web-based interface that is user friendly, versatile, and intuitive; (b) distribution as open-source software or other software available in the public domain (and not proprietary); (c) quality control, including alpha and beta testing; and (d) updates based on changes to emission and dispersion models. The functionality of the interface should include, but not be limited to: (a) a user-friendly, flexible, and transparent interface for practitioners to input data on a step-by-step basis, select the models, run the models, and process the outputs; (b) quality assurance tools; (c) ability to run the models in a "batch" mode; (d) standard summary report to support project level documentation; (e) embedded instructions providing context sensitive help; (f) ability to compare results from multiple model runs and provide multiple options for output processing; (g) ability to read and write data from geographic information systems (GIS)-based software; and (h) ability to read data from Computer Aided Design software.  (2). Prepare a detailed plan to conduct user outreach and obtain feedback from practitioners who perform project level air quality analyses to fully develop the Task 1 preliminary specifications. Practitioners contacted could include (a) federal agency staff, (b) state DOT staff, (c) state designated air quality agencies, and (d) other stakeholders. The detailed plan should include a list of agencies to be contacted, contact selection criteria, a draft list of questions, and a description of how the outreach will be conducted. Upon National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) review and approval of the detailed plan, conduct the outreach.  (3). Based on Tasks 1 and 2, prepare an interim report. The interim report should include: (a) results from previous tasks; (b) revised specifications for the interface; (c) potential costs for maintenance including future updates; and (d) revised work plan for Phase II, including plans for alpha and beta testing, outlines for a user manual, training materials, software documentation designed to facilitate third party updates, and web-based or other training to be conducted. The specifications should include: (a) functional needs and requirements prioritized by cost and available budget and (b) design architecture. The Phase II work plan should include appropriate check points with the NCHRP.  PHASE II - (4). Implement the approved Phase II plan to develop the interface. The interface developed should include all the elements identified in the Phase II plan. Conduct alpha testing of the product before delivery to the NCHRP. Additionally, develop a draft user manual and draft materials for outreach and training. (5). Conduct tests to demonstrate that using the interface and running the EPA approved models separately yield the same results. (6). Conduct beta tests of the Task 4 deliverables with a selected list of practitioners and generate a user acceptance report. Prepare a technical memorandum to summarize results of Tasks 5 and 6, including changes that will be made to the interface and user's guide based on the results.(7). Provide final project deliverables as identified in the Phase II report, including the interface, the user manual, training materials, software documentation, code, and suggested future work as appropriate. In addition, conduct web-based or other training for practitioners on the use of the interface.
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Carbon monoxide
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Exhaust gases
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Mobile sources
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Software
KW  - User interfaces (Computer science)
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3674
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332880
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534428
AU  - Zinke, Scott
AU  - Mahoney, James
AU  - Morison, Kelly
AU  - Clement, Stephen
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of the Specification for Flat and Elongated Particles for Use in Hot Mix Asphalt in Connecticut
PY  - 2014/04/23/Final Report
SP  - 18p
AB  - This research was conducted to determine if the specification for flat and elongated aggregates for use in Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) in Connecticut can be reasonably achieved. Currently, the Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) specification allows for no more than 10 percent flat and elongated particles utilizing a 3:1 ratio. It has been speculated that this specification may not be achievable by most HMA producers in Connecticut. The research team evaluated specifications from numerous regional state agencies for comparison with the ConnDOT specification. The research team also sampled aggregates from 15 sources which produce HMA for ConnDOT. 3/8-inch and 1/2-inch aggregates were sampled from each source, and flat and elongated tests were conducted on both size aggregates from all 15 sources. This totaled 30 aggregate samples tested from which only six passed the 10 percent maximum at the 3:1 ratio. Recommendations are made to change the specification to reflect achievable percentages of aggregates which are not flat and elongated. It is the opinion of the research team that this percentage should be not more than 10 percent flat and elongated particles by weight utilizing a 5:1 caliper ratio, ASTM D4791, Method B.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
KW  - Grain shape (Geology)
KW  - Grain size (Geology)
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/CT-2305-F-13-10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1319742
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577872
TI  - 2014-28 (PE) Evaluation of the Roadway Departure Safety Program

AB  - No summary provided.

KW  - Escape lanes
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Ran off road crashes
KW  - Safety programs
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371175
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577736
TI  - MT-1: Application of Laser Shearography to Asphalt Issues

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Asphalt
KW  - Laser materials
KW  - Materials
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Shear properties
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370798
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577473
TI  - MT-7: Development of Concrete Technology Technical Advisories & Best Practices

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370735
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560335
AU  - Ray, Rosalie
AU  - Petrella, Margaret
AU  - Peirce, Sean
AU  - Minnice, Paul
AU  - Puckett, Sean
AU  - Lappin, Jane
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Exploring the Equity Impacts of Two Road Pricing Implementations Using a Traveler Behavior Survey: Full Facility Pricing on SR 520 in Seattle and the I-85 HOV-2 to HOT-3 Conversion in Atlanta
PY  - 2014/04/18/Final Report
SP  - 45p
AB  - This paper reports survey findings on the equity impacts of variable tolling programs implemented on SR 520 in Seattle (Urban Partnership Agreement) and on I-85 in Atlanta (Congestion Reduction Demonstration Program). The analysis utilizes data from panel surveys administered in Seattle and Atlanta, in which all adult members of sampled households were asked to complete surveys both before and after tolling. The analysis focuses on three types of equity impacts: income, geographic and modal. Income equity impacts were greater in Seattle, compared to Atlanta, as were geographic equity impacts. In Atlanta, modal equity, as measured through impacts to carpoolers, was a greater concern. In conclusion, the type and intensity of the equity impacts differed across the two sites as a result of the differences in the design of the pricing strategy as well as differences in regional context.
KW  - Atlanta (Georgia)
KW  - Before and after studies
KW  - Equity (Justice)
KW  - Geographic equity
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lane to high occupancy toll lane conversion
KW  - Income
KW  - Panel studies
KW  - Road pricing
KW  - Seattle (Washington)
KW  - Transportation modes
KW  - Travel behavior
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54000/54064/UPA-CRD_Panel_Survey_Equity_Final_Report_Volpe.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345653
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547347
TI  - Improving Findability and Relevance of Transportation Information
AB  - The term "information" encompasses a variety of content and formats; for example, printed documents, written and electronic data files, maps, images, audio, and video files. Information collectively is a valuable asset for any organization, but finding the right information to support mission-critical analysis and decisionmaking is often difficult. The information assets of a state department of transportation (DOT) may exist in many forms, both structured and unstructured. (Experts estimate that 80-90% of information is unstructured and that an agency's employees may spend up to 35% of their time looking for information.) Organizations, public and private, invest in information-management systems designed to make information available in useful forms when and where it is needed.  Information findability means ensuring that information users have access to the information they need, when they need it. A variety of tools have been developed to support findability, such as ontologies and metadata frameworks; taxonomies and other structured vocabularies; format and location conventions (e.g., Uniform Resource Locator (URL) or Digital Object Identifier (DOI)); practices for engaging subject-matter experts in the work of maintaining information and making it accessible; and more. General principles and procedures that are developed for information management may be useful in many fields of knowledge, but each particular field--health care, law, transportation, and others--may require adaptations to make the tools more effective and efficient in serving the field's practitioners. At the same time, procedures and tools developed for specific applications may be adaptable to enhance information findability in other fields. Some work has been done within the DOT community to improve information findability. The Transportation Research Thesaurus (TRT), the Freight Data Dictionary, and the creation of topical web portals such as American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official's (AASHTO's) Workforce Toolkit or the United States department of Transportation (USDOT) Climate Change Clearinghouse are examples. the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 754: Improving Management of Transportation Information was recently published. However, much remains to be done. The quantities of information a DOT must use are growing exponentially. Technologies for information acquisition, archiving, and retrieval are evolving rapidly. Research is needed to advance practices of capture, archiving, and retrieval of information about the surface transportation systems for which state DOTs and other transportation agencies are responsible. Improving findability of transportation information by advancing practices for information classification, search, and retrieval represents a high-priority initial target for this research. Applying such practices to unstructured information in particular is a pressing challenge. Tools and procedures for technology-assisted review, development of micro-thesauri, application of "folksonomies" integrated with more formally defined taxonomic schemes, and the like, offer potential value for dealing with unstructured transportation information. The objective of this research is to improve state DOT information findability by (1) defining a management framework--including responsibilities of a transportation agency and its partners--for classification, search, and retrieval of transportation information; (2) describing successful practices for organizing and classifying information (e.g., ontologies or metadata schemas) that can be adapted to classification, search, and retrieval of the diversity of information a transportation agency creates and uses; (3) developing federated or enterprise search procedures that a DOT can use to make transportation information available to users, subject to concerns for security and confidentiality; and (4) undertaking an example implementation of the management framework, the organization and classification practices, and search procedures to demonstrate enhanced findability for a DOT's data. The research product should be a final report presenting the research results in a way that informs DOT staff of effective practices to improve information findability and facilitates adoption of these practices.
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Information management
KW  - Information retrieval
KW  - Information technology
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Transportation Research thesaurus
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3665
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334520
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548529
AU  - Peirce, Sean
AU  - Petrella, Margaret
AU  - Puckett, Sean
AU  - Minnice, Paul
AU  - Lappin, Jane
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Urban Partnership Agreement and Congestion Reduction Demonstration Programs: Lessons Learned on Congestion Pricing from the Seattle and Atlanta Household Travel Behavior Surveys
PY  - 2014/04/17/Final Report
SP  - 22p
AB  - This paper presents lessons learned from household traveler surveys administered in Seattle and Atlanta as part of the evaluation of the Urban Partnership Agreement and Congestion Reduction Demonstration Programs. The surveys use a two-stage panel survey approach to analyze the impacts of the federally sponsored variable tolling programs on corridor users’ daily travel choices and opinions. Key lessons learned are that pricing does influence travel behavior (as expected), particularly with respect to route choice and the timing of trips. Pricing does not appear to have a noticeable impact on telecommuting, and impacts on mode choice and occupancy depend on the design of the tolling project and the regional context. In addition, the surveys found that travelers utilizing the priced facility notice and appreciate the improvement to traffic conditions and that attitudes toward tolling change with direct experience. The key implications of these lessons learned are that: near term shifts in mode or carpool size require programmatic support; public communication and community involvement are critical; and regional factors influence public attitudes toward tolling.
KW  - Atlanta (Georgia)
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Congestion pricing
KW  - Households
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Route choice
KW  - Seattle (Washington)
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Travel surveys
KW  - Variable tolls
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54000/54065/UPA-CRD_Panel_Survey_Lessons_Learned_Final_Report_Volpe.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334680
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547407
TI  - Managing Risk Across the Enterprise: A Guidebook for State Departments of Transportation
AB  - The concept of risk generally involves the identification of uncertain events that may occur and the likely consequences that may follow. Risk management includes identifying the various events or circumstances that may prevent or enable an organization to achieve its objectives and to devise ways to mitigate, avoid, transfer, or accept the consequences of uncertain events. Risk management is a common practice in many private sector fields such as banking, insurance, and information technology. U.S. transportation officials are managing a widening range of risks that stem from changing social, economic, political, and technical dynamics at local, state, national, and global levels. The current federal-aid highway legislation, Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21), has highlighted the need for U.S. transportation agencies to understand and apply the principles of risk management throughout their organizations. Recent research confirms that successful transportation agencies manage risk at the enterprise level, and not within traditional silos. The contractor's report for National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24 (74), Executive Strategies for Risk Management by State Departments of Transportation, analyzed information from 43 state departments of transportation (DOTs), benchmarked the use of risk management techniques, and identified executive-level strategies that may be useful to DOT leadership in implementing enterprise-wide risk management. The research found that (1) most state DOTs practice risk management in project delivery, (2) only a few state DOTs have begun to apply enterprise risk management broadly across their agencies, and (3) enterprise risk management tools exist and are adding value to those agencies that are using them. A 2011 international scan of transportation agency risk management practices found that leading transportation agencies in Australia, England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Scotland have mature risk management policies and procedures integrated throughout their organizations. Their practices generally follow ISO 31000:2009 Risk Management--Principles and Guidelines, guidelines that have yet to be implemented in most U.S. transportation organizations. The scan report, Transportation Risk Management: International Practices for Program Development and Project Delivery identified international agency best practices that demonstrate value by using risk analysis tools combined with asset management practices and performance management. The 2012 NCHRP Web Doc 183 Guide for Managing NEPA-Related and Other Risks in Project Delivery  addressed high-risk issues in project delivery related to expediting NEPA decisionmaking and presents case studies that illustrate the value of risk management approaches. NCHRP Project 8-36, Task 121 Successful Implementation of Enterprise Risk Management in State Transportation Agencies will soon be under contract. This project will develop case studies of successful enterprise risk management in state DOTs. The research to date, including research conducted by the International Standards Organization, the Project Management Institute, the Federal Highway Administration, and the state DOTs in California, Minnesota, New York, and Washington, has not produced a guidebook that can aid state DOTs in developing and implementing the enterprise risk management strategies, processes, and tools they need to successfully manage risk. The objective of this research is to produce a guidebook for state DOTs that (1) provides a comprehensive framework to identify and manage risk and (2) identifies available tools, and develops new tools where appropriate, that agencies might find useful in identifying and managing risk. The guidebook will (1) assist state DOTs in planning, staffing, implementing and evaluating consistent and effective risk management functions, (2) demonstrate the benefit and strategic value of enterprise risk management to executive and senior staff, and (3) build on the findings of previous research and international scan findings.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - California
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Information technology
KW  - Minnesota
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Risk management
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - United States
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3635
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334671
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547408
TI  - Leadership Guide for Strategic Information Management for State Departments of Transportation
AB  - Executives and managers in state departments of transportation (DOTs), like those in all large organizations, need relevant, accurate, and timely information about their business to make effective decisions, support their organization's operations, serve their customers, and ensure generally that their limited resources are allocated effectively to pursue the organization's mission. A sound understanding of business needs, information content, and technology are the essential foundation for ensuring that these executives and managers will have access to mission-critical information when and where they need it. Providing access to mission-critical information is challenging for many reasons. Much of the data that a DOT collects and uses is unstructured, stored in various formats, and often available only to limited program- and organization-based user communities. The quantities of information being collected and stored are growing exponentially. The technologies for information storage, management, search, retrieval, analysis, visualization, and reporting are also advancing rapidly, while agencies face barriers in migrating away from legacy systems despite their increasing obsolescence. Business needs continue to evolve with shifting customer expectations, regulatory requirements, legislative programs, funding constraints, and communication methods. Information management is multifaceted and increasingly complex. Guidance is needed to aid senior executives and other leaders to navigate and strategically manage an agency's information and information-management needs, understand how those needs may evolve in the coming years, and effectively invest funds and other resources. The objective of this research is to produce a guidebook, written for state DOT executives and managers, on how to allocate effectively resources to develop and maintain the agency's capability to provide mission-critical information when and where it is needed.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Information management
KW  - Leadership
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3664
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334672
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547351
TI  - Deriving Benefits from Alternative Aircraft-Taxi Systems
AB  - As demand for air travel continues to grow, airports are facing increased pressure to reduce their contribution to local air emissions and noise. Moreover, as the price of fuel increases, aircraft operators are driven to consider operational alternatives that reduce fuel consumption cost. By removing the need for aircraft main-engines during the majority of the taxi phase of operation in aircraft movement areas, there may be an overall net benefit for both the airport and aircraft operator. Recently, non-main-engine aircraft-taxi (alternative aircraft-taxi) systems have attracted interest by industry and government research organizations including, among other alternative systems, an electric motor permanently fixed to the aircraft, or an electric tug. While many of these alternatives may provide energy and environmental benefits, their use may introduce potential challenges to aircraft operators, air traffic control, and new demands upon airport infrastructure. Research is needed to develop a comprehensive list of existing and near-term alternative aircraft-taxi systems and evaluate the potential net cost, energy, and environmental benefits of these systems through the consideration of fuel burn, emissions, and noise effects, and to consider the potential future challenges of implementing this technology for aircraft and airport infrastructure. The objective of this research is to develop a resource guide for airport practitioners in three sections that includes: (1) Section 1--an introduction to existing and near-term alternative aircraft-taxi systems; (2) Section 2--a compendium of defensible benefits, impacts, and considerations related to each system; and (3) Section 3--a summary and vision to maximize future potential of these systems given anticipated advances in technology, equipage, and infrastructure. The resource guide should be written in terms and context that are relevant, familiar, and understandable to airport operators. The resource guide shall list the considerations related to each existing and near-term alternative aircraft-taxi system including various criteria essential to each system that may be used in making selection decisions for a change of practice. Each benefit, impact, or consideration should use a rational, defensible approach and parameters to accurately quantify the cost, energy, and environmental benefits of these systems and compare them to the standard practice of using aircraft main-engines for aircraft-taxi. The resource guide should also address common issues related to alternative aircraft-taxi systems, including but not limited to: (1) Available options for using existing and near-term technology/equipment and an evaluation of the pros/cons for airports' understanding. (2) Correlation of any known benefits, impacts, and considerations with existing and near-term alternative aircraft-taxi systems to airport operator, aircraft operator, and ground service provider operations. (3) Tradeoffs that should be considered and how airports should discuss these systems with aircraft operators and ground service providers. (4) Explanations of existing and near-term technology, lessons learned, cost implications, and changes to practice for these systems. (5) Operational considerations and infrastructure requirements that are necessary for these systems, relating their cost/benefit to the airport, aircraft operator, and ground service providers. (6) Descriptions of each system demonstrating various stakeholder issues and financial implications to aircraft operators and ground service providers such that airports understand their perspective. (7) The airport's role and lessons learned, using case studies as a prelude to discussing the options with aircraft operators and ground service providers. (8) Approaches to assist any stakeholder in its decision to implement these systems or approve implementation by others, and the evaluation criteria that may inform the selection of a particular system. (9) Airport development projects that would maximize benefits from the systems identified in the resource guide. (10) Future technology implications and research/development needs for using alternative aircraft-taxi systems for ground taxi in aircraft movement areas. (11) Gaps in current knowledge, practice, or technology that, given further research may offer additional alternatives for possible future consideration.
KW  - Air taxi service
KW  - Aircraft exhaust gases
KW  - Airport noise
KW  - Airport operations
KW  - Economic benefits
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Pollutants
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3696
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334524
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543530
TI  - Identifying Influences on and Minimizing the Variability of Ignition Furnace Correction Factors
AB  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T 308, "Determining the Asphalt Binder Content of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) by the Ignition Method," requires determination of asphalt and aggregate correction factors for asphalt mix designs for each ignition furnace used to test a design. In some cases where there are numerous asphalt mix designs or numerous ignition furnaces testing a particular mix design, correction factors are shared between ignition furnaces, though this practice is not permitted by AASHTO T 308 without supporting evidence. There is a lack of knowledge of (1) how ignition furnace installation, operation, and maintenance influence correction factors and (2) ways to minimize differences that arise between ignition furnaces. Moreover, there is a lack of a statistically valid verification procedure to identify causes for non-comparing, statistically different, or biased test results from ignition furnaces. A verification procedure will promote consistency in results and assist in dispute resolution. The objectives of this research are to (1) determine the significant influences that affect the variability of asphalt and aggregate correction factors for ignition furnaces; (2) develop guidelines for the installation, operation, and maintenance of ignition furnaces to minimize the variability in correction factors between furnaces; and (3) develop and document a statistically valid correction factor verification procedure to identify and troubleshoot causes for non-comparing, statistically different, or biased results of AASHTO T 308.This research shall focus on the influence of the installation, operation, and maintenance of current commercial ignition furnaces on correction factors. However, the potential interactions of mix components may also be considered, if judged relevant. As used herein, the term "ignition furnace(s)" encompasses (1) convection and direct infrared units; (2) units with internal and external weighing; (3) commercially available units; and (4) units located in the same or different laboratories.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Binder content
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Ignition furnace
KW  - Mix design
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3643
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331127
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543424
TI  - Guide for Utilization Measurement and Management of Fleet Equipment
AB  - State highway agency equipment fleet assets are vital to the delivery of agency programs, projects, and services. Measuring, monitoring, and reporting on asset utilization levels are necessary for the management of the equipment fleet and meeting the highway agency's business needs. A variety of processes have been used by highway agencies for utilization measurement and management, and there is no widely accepted process for determining utilization criteria, measurement, and management of fleet equipment. There is a need to develop a guide that incorporates rational processes and appropriate electronic-based tools to provide a realistic means for fleet utilization measurement and management. Such a guide will help equipment managers and administrators in making decisions regarding fleet size and composition to meet the agency mission. The objective of this research is to develop a guide for utilization measurement and management of fleet equipment used by state highway agencies. The guide shall include associated processes and electronic-based tools. This research is not concerned with equipment replacement cycles.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Electronic equipment
KW  - Equipment replacement
KW  - Fleet management
KW  - State highway departments
KW  - Utilization
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3866
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330821
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526317
AU  - Long, Suzanna
AU  - Qin, Ruwen
AU  - Crow, Mariesa
AU  - Wu, C H
AU  - Schmidt, Sean
AU  - Digraskar, Snehal
AU  - Kothapalli, Venkat Sravan
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Longitudinal Useful Life Analysis and Replacement Strategies for LED Traffic Indicators
PY  - 2014/04/15/Final Report
SP  - 45p
AB  - The application of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting systems has experienced significant growth in the transportation sector over the past 10 years. LED indication lifespans have significantly greater durations than previous technologies, however, uncertainties in the duration of LED devices have unearthed challenges in developing a replacement schedule of LED traffic indications. This research evaluates two methods to approximate the useful life of LED traffic indicators. Previous research in LED indications used a lateral regression analysis to determine the lifetime of LED indications. A new methodology is used to incorporate longitudinal regression analysis as well as account for additional factors outside previous research methods. The findings of this report compare the results using the new methodology against previous research recommendations. A discussion on the impact of the updated results on transportation agencies’ policies is also included. Findings indicate that useful life of the majority of LED indications is approximately two years longer than previously estimated.
KW  - Equipment replacement
KW  - Light emitting diodes
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Service life
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Traffic signal indications
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1310/cmr14-012.pdf
UR  - http://matc.unl.edu/assets/documents/matcfinal/Long_LongitudinalUsefulLifeAnalysisandReplacementStrategiesforLEDTrafficIndicators.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308552
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560334
AU  - Petrella, Margaret
AU  - Puckett, Sean
AU  - Peirce, Sean
AU  - Minnice, Paul
AU  - Lappin, Jane
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effects of Full-Facility Variable Tolling on Traveler Behavior: Evidence from a Panel Study of the I-85 Corridor in Atlanta
PY  - 2014/04/11/Final Report
SP  - 187p
AB  - This paper uses a two-stage panel survey approach, with roughly 1,600 respondent households, to analyze the impacts of a federally sponsored variable tolling program on the I-85 corridor northeast of Atlanta. The focus is on corridor users’ daily travel choices and opinions. Key survey findings include a decrease in respondents’ travel in the corridor after tolling, including on I-85. However, changes in travel varied by lane; while travel declined in the general purpose lanes, there was an increase in both the number of trips, as well as the number of respondents utilizing the Express Lanes, as compared to the former high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane. The largest share of trips in the Express Lanes (82%) was solo drivers who paid the toll. Vehicle occupancy declined dramatically in the Express Lanes, as carpoolers tended to shift onto the general purpose lanes, and conversely, there was a significant increase in vehicle occupancy in the general purpose lanes. There were small (but not statistically significant) increases in transit mode share in the corridor, while carpooling and telecommuting levels increased slightly, but the changes cannot be attributed to tolling. In the post-tolling survey, reported satisfaction with travel time, travel speed and reliability of individual trips varied by key user groups: Wave 1 HOV-2 users became significantly less satisfied, whereas Express Lane users became more satisfied. Overall, personal attitudes toward tolling became significantly more negative after the deployment of pricing.
KW  - Atlanta (Georgia)
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Carpools
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lane to high occupancy toll lane conversion
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lanes
KW  - Interstate 85
KW  - Modal shift
KW  - Panel studies
KW  - Single occupant vehicles
KW  - Telecommuting
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Variable tolls
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54000/54062/CRD_Panel_Survey_Atlanta_Final_Report_Volpe.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345652
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547493
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 351. Update to AASHTO's Visualization in Transportation: A Guide for Transportation Agencies
AB  - The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Technical Committee on Environmental Design (TCED) developed the AASHTO Guide for Visualization in Transportation in 2001 and updated it in 2003.  The guide has provided valuable assistance to State Departments of Transportation across the country that are seeking sound information, guidance and technical assistance on visualization. Visualization has become widespread and an important technology in all aspects of transportation.  Visualization technology is accelerating at a rapid pace and is constantly evolving. In addition, visualization has become a core tool throughout transportation project development and delivery and has become a key technology for communicating alternatives as a project advances. Further, visualization has also become an important tool in understanding and conveying a project area's existing context that forms the basis for all transportation solutions.  Better communication and understanding of existing conditions in context with proposed solutions aids project planners, designers, constructors, administrators and the general public to more effectively collaborate towards mutually acceptable results faster while achieving better project outcomes. The widely utilized AASHTO Visualization in Transportation guide has become a standard reference document within the transportation community for developing visualization work deliverables. The Guide is used as a standard reference document within the transportation community for developing visualization work deliverables. The Guide's content and information value is vitally important for a transportation agency's ability to better plan, estimate, develop and deliver important infrastructure projects.  The Guide may also be used to improve communication and collaboration among project developers, transportation officials and the general public necessary for advancing a project.  However, the Guide has become out of date as a result of incremental but rapidly accelerating technological, imaging and other information technology advancements that have taken place over the past few years. There is need for a current, nationwide publication that provides comprehensive technical and practical guidance for visualization in transportation.  Because of these important factors, the TCED has recommended an update to AASHTO's Visualization in Transportation: A Guide for Transportation Agencies, Revised July 2003 (prepared by the AASHTO Task Force on Environmental Design). Research is needed to update the current Guide including new technological advancements, processes, techniques and applicable case studies. The objective of this research is to update the AASHTO Visualization in Transportation: A Guide for Transportation Agencies, Revised 2003 and include relevant technological advancements, processes, techniques and applicable case studies.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Guides to information
KW  - Programming (Planning)
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Visualization
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3604
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334857
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538312
AU  - Venner, Marie
AU  - Louis Berger Group, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Culvert and Storm Drain Management Case Study Vermont, Oregon, Ohio, and Los Angeles County
PY  - 2014/04/11
SP  - 49p
AB  - Transportation agencies are responsible for the operation and maintenance of hydraulic control structures including culverts, drop systems, and storm drains. It is difficult for transportation agencies to develop accurate and effective performance measures, budgets, and maintenance plans for culverts because there is a lack of information on the condition and even the location of many of the structures they manage. In this 2013 set of interviews and case studies by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), three states (Ohio, Oregon, and Vermont) and one county (Los Angeles) describe how transportation agencies are tackling these challenges and increasing the resilience of their culvert  systems. Through the development of effective culvert management systems and policies, they are developing operational protocols and establishing capital improvement budgets that address risks associated with hydraulic control structure failures. Generally, the culvert management systems they have developed are available for other public agencies to use and adapt. The culvert management case studies herein illustrate a path for other departments of transportation and transportation agencies to manage assets more efficiently, reduce risk, and improve public safety.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Los Angeles County (California)
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Risk management
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Storm sewers
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/asset/pubs/hif14008.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322514
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551306
AU  - Mahoney, James
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Demonstration and Purchase of PG Binder Testing Equipment – Phase 1 and 2 Final Report
PY  - 2014/04/10/Final Report
SP  - 18p
AB  - A pooled fund project was undertaken to purchase new asphalt binder testing equipment for state transportation agencies. The seven states that agreed to participate included: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island and Vermont. Within the region, there were two benefits with pooling resources for the equipment purchases. The first was the ability to purchase multiple units of the various pieces of equipment, thereby reducing the individual costs. The second was with each state transportation agency having the same equipment which reduces travel costs for preventative maintenance service and the ability to contact colleagues to discuss any issues they may be having.
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - New England
KW  - Pooled funds
KW  - Purchasing
KW  - Testing equipment
KW  - Transportation departments
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/ct-tpf-5(236)-f-14-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341193
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543614
TI  - Integrating Goods and Services Movement by Commercial Vehicles in Smart Growth Environments
AB  - Smart growth and its compact, transit-oriented, and walkable land uses have been proposed as an alternative to urban sprawl. Transportation planning organizations are looking to influence future land-use patterns to create livable, sustainable communities by reducing such factors as vehicle miles traveled and congestion, and therefore greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. As more communities are being designed for mixed use, higher density land uses, and other common tenets of smart growth, the delivery of goods and services are often not addressed adequately or are simply overlooked. Land-use and transportation activities (e.g., zoning, urban growth limits, Complete Streets, and parking policies) are often disconnected from decisions regarding investments in goods and services movement by commercial vehicles. Examples include not considering tractor-trailer turning radii in street geometric designs, curb-side parking restrictions, and limiting truck access. Going beyond zoning and addressing the needs of shippers, receivers, and trucking companies in the design, development, and implementation of such projects is critical for both commerce and sustainability principles to coexist. Research is needed to provide smart growth and transportation practitioners guidance that describes practices that effectively and efficiently consider the coexistence of goods and services movement in smart growth environments at both the design and implementation stages as well as retroactively improving existing conditions. The objective of this research is to develop a guide of tangible proactive and reactive practices-policy, planning, design, and operations-to integrate goods and services movement by commercial vehicles in smart growth environments. Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks. (1) Hold a kick-off conference call with National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) soon after delivering the agency's work plan as required by NCHRP procedures. (2) Review smart growth principles and applications; describe how goods and services movement by commercial vehicles is considered; describe and analyze the constraints on and opportunities for such movement in smart growth environments; and discuss the potential for improved coordination among stakeholders in smart growth environments. (3) Develop a typology of smart growth environments and illustrate how each relates to goods and services movement by commercial vehicles. (4) Identify the various stakeholders (e.g., trucking companies, planners, developers, shippers and receivers, smart growth organizations, state departments of transportation (DOTs), municipal planning organizations (MPOs), and local government agencies) and develop a stakeholder outreach plan to obtain their perspectives on the integration of smart growth environments with goods and services movement by commercial vehicles. (5) Submit a report summarizing the results of Tasks 2 through 4, and an agenda and a list of proposed invitees for the stakeholder peer exchange to be conducted in Task 8. (6) Implement the approved stakeholder outreach plan. (7) Within 9 months of contract award, submit a draft guide that contains tangible proactive and reactive practices-policy, planning, design, and operations--to integrate goods and services movement by commercial vehicles in the smart growth environments identified in Task 3. (8) Conduct a 1-day stakeholder peer exchange at the Beckman Center in Irvine, CA, to provide an in-depth review of the guide. (9) Prepare the final deliverables that include (1) a guide of tangible proactive and reactive practices-policy, planning, design, and operations-to integrate goods and services movement by commercial vehicles in smart growth environments; and (2) the final report that includes the results of the research conducted.
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Integrated systems
KW  - Land use planning
KW  - Operations
KW  - Policy
KW  - Smart growth
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3638
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331567
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543509
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on the Environment. Task 94. Integrating Climate Change and Extreme Weather Into Transportation Asset Management Plans
AB  - This research will develop an updated process for departments of transportation (DOTs) to incorporate climate change and extreme weather into Transportation Asset Management Plans (TAMPs)  In particular, this effort will build on the guidance found in Integrating Extreme Weather Risk into Transportation Asset Management (AASHTO November 2012) by incorporating other climate change considerations, such as sea level rise, into the TAMP process.  The research will also incorporate recommendation from the forthcoming Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) adaptation pilots and rulemaking on risk-based TAMPs in response to Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21).
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Weather conditions
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3723
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330956
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543507
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on the Environment. Task 92. Transferability of Post-Construction Stormwater Quality BMP Effectiveness Studies
AB  - The objectives of this research are to: (1) determine the conditions under which the results of best management practices (BMP) effectiveness studies can be accurately transferred from one geographic area to another, (2) determine a standardized study design as well as standardized protocol for the collection of data so that evaluation study findings are comparable nationally, and (3) investigate the feasibility of establishing a central repository for post-construction stormwater quality research studies to facilitate the exchange of BMP effectiveness information. Objectives 1 and 2 will require: (a) identifying the elements of BMP evaluation protocols and of BMP effectiveness that are affected by geographically related conditions and state regulatory frameworks, (b) determining the sensitivity of those elements to changes in conditions, and (c) developing a method to assess BMP effectiveness evaluation studies and apply the results to another location with different conditions (including determination when results should not be used elsewhere).
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Standardization
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transferability
KW  - Water quality
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3721
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330954
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543506
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on the Environment. Task 91. Synthesis of Transportation Exclusions to Section 106 Review
AB  - Federal transportation agencies and their state and local transportation partners are increasingly challenged to deliver projects faster, at a reduced cost, and with fewer staff. The goal of this research is to compile PAs and exemptions so that agencies can take advantage of applicable concepts that may already be in place.  These concepts can benefit project schedules and save taxpayers considerable expense.  Further, by reducing the number of undertakings that enter the Section 106 process, more focus can be directed towards reducing the effects of undertakings warranting review. This mandate is urgent, and a synthesis of exemptions will contribute significantly to satisfying the immediate need to "work smarter" in Section 106.
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Exemption
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Project management
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3720
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330953
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543505
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on the Environment. Task 90. Application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to Streamline the Identification of Historic Properties of Federally Funded Transportation Projects
AB  - Literature pertaining to the application of geographic information system (GIS) to identify historic properties exists; however, no summary or evaluation of these applications has been undertaken to quantify the benefits of using GIS. This project will provide a nationwide survey of the roles GIS has played in saving taxpayer dollars and streamlining Section 106 compliance on federally funded transportation projects. The result will provide transportation agencies with necessary guidance for the use of GIS to identify and manage historic properties efficiently and effectively.  The survey will also collect lessons learned and challenges faced from those entities that have implemented a GIS system for cultural resource studies and coordination. Only limited research has been undertaken for this topic; for example, see National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 347: Managing Archaeological Investigations and NCHRP 25-25 Task 49: Effective Practices for Considering Historic Preservation in Transportation Planning and Early Project Development.  However, prior research of this topic did not quantify GIS' ability to save time and money in the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)/Section 106 context.  This project would provide applied data and experiences for the implementation of GIS as a standard methodology on certain types of federally funded transportation projects. The result would be a more unified practice of collecting and utilizing GIS data for historic property consideration among state and federal transportation agencies, State Historic Preservation Officers (SHPOs) and academia.
KW  - Archaeological surveying
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Government funding
KW  - Historic preservation
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Property acquisition
KW  - Real property
KW  - Streamlining
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3719
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330952
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01547576
AU  - Kimley-Horn and Associates
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Fort Mojave Indian Reservation Transit Study: Recommendations
PY  - 2014/04/02
SP  - 66p
AB  - The Fort Mojave Indian Reservation Transit Study evaluates the feasibility of and provides recommendations for public transportation service for the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation and surrounding area.  Three primary objectives guided the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation Transit Study: 1) Enhance the awareness and understanding of community transit needs through data analysis, stakeholder interviews, and public engagement and participation; 2) Develop feasible, multimodal strategies to increase mobility within the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation and regional interconnectivity to neighboring communities; and 3) Provide a road map for developing and implementing feasible transit service improvement recommendations. This report is organized into four chapters.  Chapter 1 provides an overview of the study including purpose and goals. Chapter 2 provides an estimate of transit needs and demand for trips  consistent with methodology  contained in Transit Cooperative Research (TCR) Program, Report 161:  Methods for Forecasting Demand and Quantifying Need for Rural Passenger  Transportation: Final Workbook.  Chapter 3 provides a recommendation for the recommended transit mode. It presents a proposed transit route to serve key transit nodes, activity centers, and corridors.  Transit operations options are also discussed. This chapter summarizes start-up capital costs. Chapter 4 summarizes funding options.
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Financing
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Fort Mojave Indian Reservation
KW  - Indian reservations
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Operations
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Routes
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - https://www.azdot.gov/docs/default-source/planning/fort-mojave-final-report.pdf?sfvrsn=2
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328298
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577847
TI  - ADTM KTT Option #1

AB  - ATDM Knowledge and technology transfer activities (website workshops webinars research synthesis and informational briefs).

KW  - Data collection
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - Technology transfer
KW  - Workshops
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371018
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566095
TI  - Wildlife Crossing Guards and ROW Escape Mechanisms
AB  - Collisions with large ungulates (like deer, elk, and bighorn sheep) pose a safety concern for motorists on highways. In an effort to reduce ungulate-vehicle collisions in the right-of-way (ROW), the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) installs ungulate-proof fencing to limit access to the ROW and funnel ungulates to new or existing structures.  This fencing has escape mechanisms (jump-outs or slope jumps -- to allow wildlife already on the ROW an opportunity to leave), and wildlife crossing guards (WCGs) to allow vehicles to enter or leave the ROW while limiting wildlife passage.  However, minimal empirical data exists on the effectiveness of the escape mechanisms and WCGs in keeping ungulates from the ROW. Currently ADOT installs WCGs where roads intersect the ungulate-proof fencing.  Types of WCGs currently include traditional (single) cattle guards, double-deep cattle guards, painted stripes, and, more recently, electrified mats. Many state departments of transportation (DOTs), including ADOT, install costly double-deep cattle guards despite lack of evidence that they are more effective compared to the other WCG types.  Electrified mats have been implemented in several states (Arizona, Utah, California, New Mexico, Alaska and others) but similarly have not been fully tested against other WCG types. In the event large ungulates gain access to the ROW, opportunities to allow them to escape are warranted.  Generally, ADOT has used three methods to accommodate escape: one-way gates, slope jumps, and jump-outs. Early research along SR 260 and information from other states indicate that one-way gates are relatively ineffective.  Jump-outs seem to fare somewhat better while costing less, and ADOT's AGFD-designed slope jumps hold even more promise because of the idea that ungulates would more easily jump downhill over the slope jumps.  Though many of these slope jumps now exist, information on their effectiveness is also limited.  Despite evidence that jump-outs likely are the best option for allowing ungulate escape from the ROW, little is known about appropriate designs for different ungulate species. Early research along SR 260 began the effort to explore the effectiveness of jump-outs on elk and provided valuable insight for future planning processes; however, the number of jump-outs available for monitoring during those studies was relatively limited.  Recently, ADOT installed a mix of different jump-outs that includes expensive concrete-wall types and less expensive gabion-basket types.  Jump-outs are now numerous throughout the state and occur in areas with elk, deer, and bighorn sheep.  Further research is needed to determine effective heights and designs for these species.  Arizona, seen as one of the worldwide leaders in road ecology, has an opportunity to further explore effective escape mechanisms (given their current large numbers along SR 260, I-17, and US 93) for various species.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Arizona
KW  - California
KW  - Crashes
KW  - Gabions
KW  - New Mexico
KW  - Right of way (Traffic)
KW  - Ungulates
KW  - Utah
KW  - Wildlife crossings
KW  - Wildlife fencing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357046
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529286
AU  - Price, Craig W
AU  - Schmidt, Tyler L
AU  - Bielenberg, Robert W
AU  - Lechtenberg, Karla A
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Universal Breakaway Steel Post for Other Applications
PY  - 2014/04/01/Final Report
SP  - 109p
AB  - The Universal Breakaway Steel Post (UBSP) was developed and evaluated to replace the existing Controlled Release Terminal (CRT) wood posts which were used in the original bullnose guardrail system. Previously, three full-scale crash tests were performed on the thrie beam bullnose barrier with UBSPs, and the UBSP was determined to be a suitable alternative for the CRT posts. However, the UBSP was modified prior to the completion of the full-scale tests, and dynamic component testing was not conducted to compare the post behaviors. Therefore, a series of nine component tests were conducted in soil to compare the weak- and strong-axis properties between the UBSPs and CRT posts. As part of the component testing, one of the weak-axis tests involving the UBSP was conducted with a reused lower section of the post; since, the original development of the UBSP recommended reuse as long as the lower section was undamaged and displaced less than ½ in. (13 mm). From the testing series, it was determined that the performance of the UBSP indicated a strong potential for these posts to be utilized in other applications. However, UBSP should first be evaluated through engineering analysis and full-scale crash testing before implementation.
KW  - Breakaway supports
KW  - Dynamic tests
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Posts
KW  - Steel
KW  - Wood
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51737/FinalReportSuppl55.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311879
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01577858
AU  - Littleton, Paul
AU  - Mallela, Jagannath
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Florida Demonstration Project: Precast Concrete Pavement System on US 92
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 38p
AB  - As part of a national initiative sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration under the Highways for LIFE (HfL) program, the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) was awarded a $1 million grant to demonstrate the use of a proven, innovative precast concrete pavement system (PCPS) in conjunction with traditional pavement restoration and concrete overlay on an important multilane highway. The project represents FDOT’s effort to introduce to the central Florida highway industry the PCPS, a construction option that is easy to build, easy to install, easy to maintain, and will have a long service life. This report details the installation of precast concrete panels to rehabilitate existing problem areas and to raise the profile of the roadway to reduce the occurrence of flooding. This report also contains other items relevant to HfL projects, including a description of HfL goals, other technology transfer activities on the project, and an analysis of data to evaluate if the HfL goals were satisfied. This demonstration project gave FDOT the opportunity to experience PCPS and to compare this innovative paving method with traditional concrete paving. The innovative method proved to be a positive experience in achieving the HfL performance goals of increasing safety, reducing congestion, and increasing quality. The experience gained on this successful project will help FDOT implement these innovations on future projects.
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Florida
KW  - Highways for LIFE
KW  - Precast concrete pavements
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/hfl/summary/pdf_2/FL_US92%20PCPS_Final_Report_Apr_10_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370470
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01571977
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Report on the Value Pricing Pilot Program Through April 2014
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 59p
AB  - The purpose of the Value Pricing Pilot Program (VPPP)  is to demonstrate whether, and to what extent, roadway congestion may be reduced through the application of congestion pricing strategies. The program seeks to measure the magnitude of the impact of such strategies on driver behavior, traffic volumes, transit ridership, air quality and availability of funds for transportation programs. Fiscal Year (FY) 2012 was the final year in which funding was available to solicit projects. Although the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) did not authorize additional funds after FY 2012 for the discretionary grant component of the VPPP, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) may still enter into cooperative agreements for projects that require tolling authority under this program for their implementation. This report provides an update on the various projects and studies that received funding through the VPPP and the Urban Partnership Agreement/Congestion Reduction Demonstration (UPA/CRD) initiatives. All projects described in this report received funding and assistance from the VPPP or the UPA/CRD initiatives, and the level of assistance each project received from the VPPP is listed in Appendix A. The report then discusses FHWA’s recent outreach and technical assistance efforts to advance congestion pricing beyond the VPPP and UPA/CRD project locations. Finally, the report provides an overview of emerging trends in congestion pricing and FHWA’s plan for encouraging these trends and innovations across the country.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Government funding
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Parking fees
KW  - Research projects
KW  - Ridesharing
KW  - Road pricing
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Urban Partnership Agreements
KW  - Value Pricing Pilot Program
UR  - http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/congestionpricing/value_pricing/pubs_reports/rpttocongress/pdf/vppp14rpt.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1363079
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01558793
AU  - Bae, Sang-Wook
AU  - Tate, Derrick
AU  - Wood, Timothy
AU  - Zuo, Delong
AU  - Bligh, Roger
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Gonzalez, Victoria
AU  - Griggs, David
AU  - Yang, Quiwei
AU  - Texas Tech University, Lubbock
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Testing of Alternative Supporting Materials for Portable Roll-Up Signs Used for Maintenance Work Zones
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 231p
AB  - Portable roll-up signs are currently used by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) for identification of short-term maintenance/work zones and emergency operations. These signs have fiberglass frames to directly support diamond-shaped and rectangular flexible sign faces. It has been frequently reported that the fiberglass frames have failed due to bending caused by natural wind or gust generated by passing vehicles. The cost of these failures is more than the marginal cost of replacing the broken frame members. It includes the safety cost to workers and the traveling public. Research studies to date on sign structures have focused on permanent signs with rigid faces. However, there has been little formal and in-depth research on wind loading on roll-up signs with flexible facing materials. This research project was proposed to address three major issues: (1) understanding the nature of wind loading on portable roll-up signs, (2) identifying alternative materials for fiberglass frames, and (3) developing modified/new designs of portable roll-up signs. The work performed under this project revealed that the vertical frames failed due to progressive cracking at the fiber-matrix interfaces caused by torsion, instead of bending. Therefore, it was determined to increase the torsional stiffness of vertical frames by wrapping high-strength carbon fiber sheets around the existing fiberglass frames in a pre-determined direction to improve the resistance to wind loading. Prototype roll-up signs with the modified frame design were manufactured in the laboratory and were subjected to various tests including the full-scale vehicle impact tests per Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) impact performance criteria. The test results showed that the modified design showed better serviceability as well as higher resistance to torsion as compared to the original design. In addition, the prototype roll-up signs met MASH impact performance criteria. The outcome of the project can lead to a significant reduction of the cost for replacing failed roll-up signs, and more importantly, help improve the safety of workers and traveling public in maintenance/work zones
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Carbon fibers
KW  - Design
KW  - Fiberglass
KW  - Frames
KW  - Loads
KW  - Materials selection
KW  - Portable equipment
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Traffic signs
KW  - Wind
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://www.depts.ttu.edu/techmrtweb/reports/complete_reports/0-6639_1_FINAL.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346363
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548667
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessment of Telematics Service Provider Data Feeds
PY  - 2014/04//Project Summary Report
SP  - 20p
AB  - ENTERPRISE established a working relationship with General Motors OnStar during the Multi-Jurisdictional Mayday (MJM) project in the late 1990s to explore how automatic collision notification (ACN) technology could enhance roadway safety and traveler information if data from such systems were available to emergency medical staff and transportation agencies. In the years since, OnStar has worked diligently with the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials (APCO) and the National Emergency Number Association (NENA) to establish parameters around the crash data that they can provide. Using those parameters, OnStar has published a data stream for emergency services and transportation agencies to use. In addition to the safety and convenience services offered by OnStar, similar telematics services are now being offered by other automobile manufacturers and even insurance providers. Given the evolution and potential value of crash notification technology, this project explored the data potentially available from OnStar and similar telematics service providers, assessed the value of such data for transportation operations, and worked with ENTERPRISE member agencies to understand their potential needs for this type of data. The results of this effort are presented in this summary report.
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Automatic crash notification
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Data sharing
KW  - OnStar (Motorist aid system)
KW  - Telematics
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/onstar/Project%20Summary%20Report-OnStar%20FINAL%20042414.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333220
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548615
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - HAR Best Practices and Future Direction
PY  - 2014/04//Project Summary Report
SP  - 32p
AB  - This document presents the complete findings of the ENTERPRISE Highway Advisory Radio (HAR) Best Practices and Future Directions project. The overall intent of this project is to provide ENTERPRISE member states with guidance to help them better understand how they should pursue HAR technologies and approaches in the future. To accomplish this, the project goals are defined as follows: Goal 1: To help members understand how HAR is being used by transportation agencies today; Goal 2: To help members understand the potential value of HAR; and Goal 3: To help members understand the current and potential future state of HAR technology practices. The document presents a general background of HAR, a summary of HAR uses and value, as well as the current and potential future state of HAR technology practices. Information for this project was gathered through literature reviews and interviews with transportation agencies operating HAR and manufacturers of HAR systems.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Highway advisory radio
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Transportation departments
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/har/ENTERPRISE%20HAR%20Best%20Practices%20and%20Future%20Direction-Summary%20Report%20FINAL%20042414.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333221
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548573
AU  - Tarko, Andrew P
AU  - Li, Mingyang
AU  - Romero, Mario
AU  - Thomaz, Jose
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Systematic Approach to Identifying Traffic Safety Needs and Intervention Programs for Indiana: Volume II—SNIP2 User Manual
SN  - 9781622603206
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - The research report in volume I presents the results of Joint Transportation Research Program (JTRP) Project: “A Systematic Approach of Identifying Safety Intervention Programs for Indiana (SNIP2),” which aimed to develop the Safety Needs Identification Package (SNIP2) to support identification of roads that have excessive crashes of the types defined by the user. In addition, this tool is capable of selecting the best combination of high-crash roads and relevant safety interventions that maximizes the safety benefits and keeps the total cost within the budget and other user-defined constraints. Unlike other studies considering the implementation time of safety projects, the optimization objective of SNIP2 is to identify an optimal combination of countermeasures renewable within a long time horizon. This simplification is accomplished by representing the projects through their annualized costs and benefits. It allows consideration of many projects for large road networks and it makes the SNIP2 suitable for identification of safety focus areas in strategic safety plans. The SNIP optimizer – a heuristic approximation of a large-size mixed integer knapsack problem based on a greedy search was extensively tested and evaluated. It was found producing optimal or near-optimal solutions in a sufficiently short time. Another research result is a comprehensive catalog of countermeasures for Indiana – a list of countermeasure names, road and crash conditions for the countermeasure relevance, corresponding crash modification factors, and countermeasure costs. The SNIP2 is computer software developed with close collaboration with the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) future users. It includes an updated crash and state road database. This user’s manual describes the necessary details of the software and various aspects of its use. Two example studies are also included in the manual to illustrate its use and to better present the SNIP2 features.
KW  - Benefits
KW  - Computer program documentation
KW  - Costs
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Databases
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Mixed integer programming
KW  - Software
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315498
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334699
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548539
AU  - Tarko, Andrew P
AU  - Li, Mingyang
AU  - Romero, Mario
AU  - Thomaz, Jose
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Systematic Approach to Identifying Traffic Safety Needs and Intervention Programs for Indiana: Volume I—Research Report
SN  - 978-1-62260-318-3
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - This report presents the results of the Joint Transportation Research Program (JTRP) Project: “A Systematic Approach of Identifying Safety Intervention Programs for Indiana (SNIP2),” which aimed to develop the Safety Needs Identification Package (SNIP2) to support identification of roads that have excessive crashes of the types defined by the user. In addition, this tool is capable of selecting the best combination of high-crash roads and relevant safety interventions that maximizes the safety benefits and keeps the total cost within the budget and other user-defined constraints. Unlike other studies considering the implementation time of safety projects, the optimization objective of SNIP2 is to identify an optimal combination of countermeasures renewable within a long time horizon. This simplification is accomplished by representing the projects through their annualized costs and benefits. It allows consideration of many projects for large road networks and it makes the SNIP2 suitable for identification of safety focus areas in strategic safety plans. The SNIP optimizer – a heuristic approximation of a large-size mixed integer knapsack problem based on a greedy search was extensively tested and evaluated. It was found producing optimal or near-optimal solutions in a sufficiently short time. Another research result is a comprehensive catalog of countermeasures for Indiana – a list of countermeasure names, road and crash conditions for the countermeasure relevance, corresponding crash modification factors, and countermeasure costs. The SNIP2 is computer software developed with close collaboration with the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) future users. It includes an updated crash and state road database. Volume II includes a user’s manual describing the necessary details of the software and various aspects of its use. Two example studies are also included in the manual to illustrate its use and to better present the SNIP2 features.
KW  - Benefits
KW  - Costs
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Databases
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Mixed integer programming
KW  - Software
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315497
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334698
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544648
AU  - Kipp, Wendy
AU  - Sanborn, Devon
AU  - Colgrove, George W
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Cargill SafeLane® HDX Overlay
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 31p
AB  - The vast topography paired with the unpredictability of climatic conditions statewide, result in many high traffic incident locations on Vermont highways. Such locations may also be difficult to maintain during winter conditions, which only compounds the unsafe traveling conditions for motorists. One specific site located along Vermont Route 9 in Searsburg, Vermont has recently begun exhibiting increased safety and maintenance problems in the westbound lanes during inclement weather. The Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTrans) chose to apply an anti-icing overlay produced by Cargill, known as Cargill SafeLane® HDX Overlay. The treatment was installed by District 1 maintenance forces in the summer of 2007. Research personnel were onsite to document the two-day installation. During the second day installation, it was noted that water seepage on the steep grade was evident in the travel lane. This later arose as a delamination problem over the length of the overlay system. Though delamination issues were noted at preexisting cracks, over the course of the evaluation, the treatment provided traction for vehicles especially multi-axle trucks. Considering this factor alone, the treatment was deemed successful. Due to this success, it was placed in two other locations in the northwest region of Vermont. The first application was on a bridge deck where frequent and sudden braking had caused many rear end collisions. The second application was on a downhill lane of a city road, noted to be a high crash location as vehicles were having a difficult time stopping at the traffic signal at the bottom of the hill. Both provided significantly different situations, with a similarly resulting maintenance and safety problems as experienced in the Searsburg location.
KW  - Anti-icing
KW  - Delamination
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Traction
KW  - Vermont
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2014%20-%2004%20Cargill%20SafeLane%C2%AE%20HDX%20Overlay.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331772
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541417
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Colorado River Indian Tribes
AU  - Kimley-Horn and Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Field Data Services of Arizona, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2014 Strategic Long Range Transportation Plan for the Colorado River Indian Tribes
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 176p
AB  - The Colorado River Indian Tribes (CRIT) Reservation spans the Colorado River and has land in Arizona (La Paz County) and California (San Bernardino and Riverside Counties). It includes almost 300,000 acres of land. This study will prepare an updated Tribal Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a strategic plan for improvements over five-, 10-, and 20-year periods, incorporating both roadway and multimodal  needs. Some key focus areas of the LRTP are road maintenance and safety programs, as well as  improvement plans for bicycle, pedestrian, and transit systems. The LRTP also Identifies updates to the  Tribal Transportation Inventory and functional classification systems to assist in expanding the level and types of funding available for transportation projects.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - California
KW  - Colorado River Indian Tribes
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Indian reservations
KW  - Long range planning
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Safety
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/ref/collection/statepubs/id/24495
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324727
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538285
AU  - Mohammad, Louay
AU  - Kim, Minkyum
AU  - Raghavendra, Amar
AU  - Obulareddy, Sandeep
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
TI  - Characterization of Louisiana Asphalt Mixtures Using Simple Performance Tests and MEPDG
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 246p
AB  - The National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 9-19, Superpave Support and Performance Models Management, recommended three Simple Performance Tests (SPTs) to complement the Superpave volumetric mixture design method. These are the dynamic modulus, flow time, and flow number tests. In addition, the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) developed under NCHRP project 1-37A uses dynamic modulus to characterize Hot Mix Asphalt mixtures for pavement structural design. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize common Louisiana asphalt mixtures using SPT protocols, (2) develop a catalog of dynamic modulus values for input into the MEPDG software, (3) evaluate the sensitivity of rut prediction of the MEPDG program, (4) assess the prediction of dynamic modulus values using Witczak and Hirsch models, and (5) compare dynamic modulus data obtained from axial and Indirect Tensile (IDT) modes of testing. Fourteen rehabilitation projects across Louisiana were selected to provide a total of 28 asphalt mixtures for this study. Laboratory mechanistic tests were performed to characterize the asphalt mixtures including the dynamic modulus in axial and IDT modes, flow time, flow number, and Hamburg type loaded wheel tracking tests. A catalog of dynamic modulus values was developed and grouped by design traffic level. Test results indicated that dynamic modulus was sensitive to the design traffic level, nominal maximum aggregate size, and the high temperature performance grade of the binder. Mixtures designed for higher traffic levels, with larger aggregate, and higher grade binder tended to have higher dynamic modulus values at high temperature. The MEPDG simulations carried out using the “nationally calibrated” default calibration factors overestimated the rut predictions by a significant amount. To address this problem, a local calibration of the MEPDG rut prediction model was performed and preliminary ranges of local calibration factors were developed. Both the Witczak and Hirsch models predicted dynamic modulus with reasonable accuracy. Dynamic modulus test results obtained  from axial and IDT modes showed no statistical differences for the majority of the mixtures tested.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Mathematical prediction
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Tension tests
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_499.pdf
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/zip/FR499_PavmentME_InputValues.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322109
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536610
AU  - Yahalom, Shmuel
AU  - Johansson, Eric
AU  - Fink, Ernest J
AU  - Chang, Guan
AU  - Kopits, Steve
AU  - Losz, Akos
AU  - Singer, Joshua
AU  - Choi, Joseph
AU  - Ozbay, Kaan
AU  - State University of New York Maritime College, Bronx
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Offshore Wind Development Research
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - Offshore wind (OSW) development is a new undertaking in the U.S. This project is a response to New Jersey’s 2011 Energy Master Plan that envisions procuring 22.5% of the state’s power originating from renewable sources by 2021. The Offshore Wind Economic Development Act called for at least 1,100 MW of Offshore Wind generations to be subsidized by an Offshore Wind Renewable Energy Certificate program. The overreaching goal of this research is to provide information and recommendations for the maritime aspects, both vessel and port interface. The study, using the European experience, identifies vessel types, vessel installation methods, needs and operating characteristics through all phases of OSW development. It also identifies regulatory or legislative requirements and/or other road blocks to the use of particular vessels. The study seeks competitive advantages and disadvantages of vessel acquisition, lease, construction or other alternatives. The study proposes solutions and recommendations that best position the State of New Jersey to be the national leader in OSW development, including potential interstate  or cooperative endeavors. Financial aspects and considerations of vessel acquisition are presented. The research also proposes a port/OSW industry interface strategy for short-, mid-, and long-term industry development. In general, the study identifies the maritime port life-cycle requirements for installation, construction, operation and maintenance based on geographic factors, and the potential for multi-use development at New Jersey’s East Coast ports. Finally, the study highlights the economic impact of OSW development on the state population and the energy-generating industry. The study recommends the development of a clear OSW policy with a commitment of budgets and in partnerships with industry and other stakeholders.
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Europe
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - Offshore construction
KW  - Offshore structures
KW  - Offshore wind farms
KW  - Ports
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Regulations
KW  - Ships
KW  - Wind power generation
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Offshore-Wind-Development.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321352
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01535682
AU  - Struve, Daniel K
AU  - Wu, T H
AU  - Ohio State University, Columbus
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bio-Engineering Techniques for Landslide Stabilization - Supplement
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 39p
AB  - Hardwood seedlings (from 13 species) and willow cuttings were transplanted (83 and 97% two year survival for seedlings and cuttings, respectively) on a south-facing, nutrient deficient, compacted eroded slope using container-grown seedlings, nursery produced willow cuttings, soil-de-compaction planting methods, supplemental fertilizer and seven critically timed irrigation events via a micro-irrigation system (581 gallons of water for 138 seedlings). Hardwood seedlings can be established by modifying the seedling transplanting bed, usually a small percentage of the total surface area of the site, while using standard grass seeding for the remainder of the site.
KW  - Landslides
KW  - Slope stability
KW  - Soil compaction
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Transplanting
KW  - Trees
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/881472735/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1318877
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01531902
AU  - Mallela, Jagannath
AU  - Von Quintus, Harold L
AU  - Darter, Michael I
AU  - Bhattacharya, Biplab B
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Idaho Transportation Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Road Map for Implementing the AASHTO Pavement ME Design Software for
the Idaho Transportation Department
PY  - 2014/04//Draft Final Report
SP  - 38p
AB  - This report provides a Road Map for implementing the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) Design software for the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD). The Road Map calls for a series of three stages: Stage 1 - Immediate, Stage 2 - Near Term, and Stage 3 - Future or Long Range. Within each stage are various specific steps to achieve the required objectives for implementation. The general implementation plan is to develop for ITD the Idaho AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design User’s Guide, Version 1.1 under Stage 1 for use by designers and others for preliminary design and training purposes. Specific deficiencies in inputs and calibrations are identified in the draft guide for further improvement under the next stage. Stage 2  represents a major work effort over several years to fill the deficiencies for inputs, to conduct local Idaho calibration of distress and International Roughness Index (IRI) models, and to provide training. Stage 3 represents future long-term work to improve various inputs and to maintain unbiased models.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Idaho
KW  - Implementation
KW  - International Roughness Index
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Software
KW  - Validation
UR  - http://itd.idaho.gov/highways/research/archived/reports/RP211MEPDGRoadMapFinal.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316822
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01531893
AU  - Mallela, Jagannath
AU  - Titus-Glover, Leslie
AU  - Bhattacharya, Biplab
AU  - Darter, Michael
AU  - Von Quintus, Harold
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Idaho Transportation Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Idaho AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design User’s Guide, Version 1.1
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 266p
AB  - This User’s Guide provides the information necessary for Idaho pavement design engineers and  consultants to begin to use the  American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) Design software for new and rehabilitated  pavement design. This is a stand-alone guide, but it draws from other Idaho pavement materials/construction manuals as needed, as well as research reports from the University of Idaho for  traffic, hot mix asphalt (HMA), unbound materials, and various other inputs. This manual is divided into 12 chapters and 4 appendices of examples, and it covers topics including traffic characterization, materials characterization, flexible pavement design, rigid pavement design, rehabilitation with asphalt concrete or portland cement concrete (PCC), sensitivity of inputs, and design examples.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Asphalt concrete pavements
KW  - Computer program documentation
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Idaho
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Rigid pavements
KW  - Software
KW  - Traffic characteristics
UR  - http://itd.idaho.gov/highways/research/archived/reports/RP211UserGuideFinal.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316821
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530980
AU  - Rivera, Elias
AU  - Abbas, Ebrahim K
AU  - Wright, William J
AU  - Weyers, Richard E
AU  - Roberts-Wollmann, C L
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Fatigue Assessment for the Failed Bridge Deck Closure Pour at Mile Marker 43 on I-81
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 42p
AB  - Fatigue of reinforcing steel in concrete bridge decks has not been identified as a common failure mode. Generally, the stress range occurring in reinforcing steel is below the fatigue threshold and infinite fatigue life can be expected. Closure pour joints, however, may be vulnerable to fatigue if some specific design details are present. This research shows that fatigue was a likely contributor to the I-81 closure pour failure. It is much less likely that corrosion directly caused a strength failure but it is very likely that corrosion accelerated the onset of fatigue. The joints in the I-81 deck had vertical joint faces that did not provide any means for shear transfer across the joint. The joints were located under a wheel load path and were located away from beams or other means of deck support. This created atypical conditions where shear forces across the joint due to wheel loads were carried only by the reinforcing steel. The stress range in the reinforcing steel is greatly magnified under this scenario thereby making fatigue a possibility. New closure pour joints can easily be designed to prevent fatigue by providing structural support for both sides of the  joint. Existing joints, however, need to be evaluated to determine if fatigue vulnerability exists. Lacking knowledge of the joint internal details, a simple differential deflection test can be performed to detect fatigue vulnerability. If the two sides of the joint are deflecting vertically relative to each other under wheel loads, than fatigue can be considered a possibility. No deflection indicates that fatigue is unlikely.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Fatigue tests
KW  - Joints (Engineering)
KW  - Marion (Virginia)
KW  - Reinforcing steel
KW  - Strength of materials
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r12.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51990/14-r12.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314012
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530874
AU  - Abbas, Ebrahim K
AU  - Weyers, Richard E
AU  - Wright, William J
AU  - Roberts-Wollmann, C L
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Corrosion Assessment for the Failed Bridge Deck Closure Pour at Mile Marker 43 on I-81
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 56p
AB  - Corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete is a significant problem around the world. In the United States, there are approximately 600,000 bridges. Of those bridges, 24% are considered structurally deficient or functionally obsolete based on the December 2010 statistics from the Federal Highway Administration. The primary cause is chloride attack from deicing salts, which corrodes the reinforcing steel. Different solutions have been developed and used in practice to delay and prevent corrosion initiation. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of corrosion and shrinkage on the failure mechanism that occurred on an I-81 bridge deck. After 17 years in service, a 3 ft by 3 ft closure pour section punched through. The closure was positioned under the left wheel path of the southbound right lane of the bridge deck. The bridge deck had been replaced in 1992 as part of a bridge rehabilitation project, and the reinforcement was epoxy coated. Four 4.5 ft by 10 ft slab sections, containing the closure, were saw cut from the deck, removed, and transported to the Virginia Tech Structures and Materials Research Laboratory for further evaluation. Also, for comparison, three new slabs were fabricated as part of the assessment program. Corrosion evaluation and concrete shrinkage characterization were conducted in this study. The corrosion evaluation  study included visual observation, clear concrete cover depth, concrete resistivity using single point resistivity, half-cell potential, and linear polarization using the 3LP device. Shrinkage was characterized on the lab cast slabs only. This consisted of monitoring shrinkage behavior of the specimens for 180 days and comparing of the data with five different shrinkage models. The joints of the lab cast specimens were monitored for cracking and leaking. Based on the research results, it is recommended that similar joints be inspected for leaking and evidence of reinforcement corrosion every two years and all similar joints should be sealed to prevent leaking. In addition, it is recommended that construction joints in future decks built with staged construction use corrosion resistant reinforcement.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion tests
KW  - Joints (Engineering)
KW  - Marion (Virginia)
KW  - Reinforcing steel
KW  - Shrinkage
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r13.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314013
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529461
AU  - Irizarry, Javier
AU  - Johnson, Eric N
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Feasibility Study to Determine the Economic and Operational Benefits of Utilizing Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles (UAVs)
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 158p
AB  - This project explored the feasibility of using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) in Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) operations. The research team conducted 24 interviews with personnel in four GDOT divisions. Interviews focused on (1) the basic goals of the operators in each division, (2) their major decisions for accomplishing those goals, and (3) the information requirements for each decision. Following an interview validation process, a set of UAS design characteristics that fulfill user requirements of each previously identified division was developed. A “House of Quality” viewgraph was chosen to capture the relationships between GDOT tasks and potential UAS aiding those operations. As a result, five reference systems are proposed. The UAS was broken into three components: vehicle, control station, and system. This study introduces a variety of UAS applications in traffic management, transportation and construction disciplines related to DOTs, such as the ability to get real time, digital photographs/videos of traffic scenes, providing a "bird’s eye view" that was previously only available with the assistance of a manned aircraft, integrating aerial data into GDOT drawing software programs, and dealing with restricted or complicated access issues when terrain, area, or the investigated object make it difficult for GDOT personnel to conduct a task. The results of this study could lead to further research on design, development, and field-testing of UAVs for applications identified as beneficial to the Department.
KW  - Aerial photography
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Detection and identification systems
KW  - Drone aircraft
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Technology assessment
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51800/51870/12-38.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312036
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529312
AU  - Simonds, Kristen M
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Correlation between Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) Analysis of
Hardened Concrete for Chlorides vs. Atomic Absorption (AA) Analysis in accordance with
AASHTO T- 260; Sampling and Testing for Chloride Ion in Concrete and Concrete Raw
Materials, Procedure B, Acid-Soluble Chloride Ion Content by Atomic Absorption
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 15p
AB  - A correlation between Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) analysis of Hardened  Concrete for Chlorides and Atomic Absorption (AA) analysis (current method American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T-260, procedure B) has been found and a new method of analysis has been devised. With a Katanax Fluxer, a fused glass bead is prepared using only 1 gram of sample. Combined with a Lithium Borate flux, the sample is fused in a platinum crucible and poured into a platinum mold. The resulting bead is placed in the WDXRF for analysis. Utilizing the new methodology, a more precise and accurate chloride result is obtained and has cut the time of analysis in half. Also, the new methodology requires the use of less hazardous consumables, removing potential health and safety risks to employees. Once implemented the WDXRF method will lessen the turn around time from the cores taken from bridge decks, sent to the lab for evaluation for the total chloride measured at each depth, indicating the amount of salt present at that level. The higher the concentration of salt at greater depths indicates the potential for damage to the rebar. Recommendations for repairs are based on these results. With a faster time of analysis, results will allow the engineers to see the potential hazards before developing into a more serious issue.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Chloride content
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Spectrophotometers
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-10-11%20Final%20Report_4-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313477
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526446
AU  - Hu, Jiong
AU  - Fowler, David  W
AU  - Siddiqui, Md Sarwar
AU  - Whitney, David P
AU  - Texas State University, San Marcos
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Feasibility Study of Two-Lift Concrete Paving : Technical Report
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 125p
AB  - Two-lift concrete paving (2LCP) involves placing two layers of concrete (wet-on-wet) instead of a single homogeneous layer, as typically done in the United States. 2LCP offers the opportunity to optimize the use of local aggregates, recycled materials to produce an economical, durable, and sustainable pavement system with the most desirable surface characteristics (improved skid resistance and reduced noise). Districts including Houston, Fort Worth, and Dallas have the potential to receive great benefit from the concept by being able to use more local materials that is not considered appropriate for traditional (single-lift) concrete pavement used. Despite above mentioned benefits, challenges of 2LCP are to have the proper paving equipment, pavement construction management, the right mixture proportions to use the local materials in the bottom lift, which results in an economical pavement placement, and the proper proportions and materials to ensure adequate surface friction and abrasion resistance in the top lift. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather previous experiences and past performance of 2LCP, particularly to justify the cost and efficiently execute the process of 2LCP. Surveys and interviews were conducted on contractors and agencies with experience with 2LCP. A one-day workshop regarding 2LCP was organized to obtain information from a wide range of agency, construction, equipment manufacturer, and Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) personnel with experience and interest in 2LCP. The workshop also served as a solicitation of ideas of best practice, most cost effective approach, concerns, and requirements associated with materials and construction of 2LCP. This report discusses additional requirements in materials, equipment and construction, project scheduling, and jobsite management that will be beneficial in the implementation of 2LCP construction. This study also evaluated feasibility and cost effectiveness of 2LCP, particularly in Texas.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Local materials
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6749-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308906
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526433
AU  - Cummings, Hennen
AU  - Texas Southern University, Houston
AU  - Tarleton State University
AU  - Texas A&M University, College Station
AU  - Stephen F Austin State University
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Turf-Type and Early Maturing Annual Ryegrass to Establish Perennial Vegetation : Technical Report
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 62p
AB  - Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) is not currently recommended by Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) as a roadside re-vegetation nurse crop because its late maturity and height are too competitive for establishing perennial or spring plant mixtures. Two available genotypes used for turf that could be seeded with perennial grasses/legumes and annual wildflowers are Panterra V and Hanamiwase. Panterra V is turf-type annual ryegrass developed for home lawns while Hanamiwase is an early maturity annual ryegrass that produces seed in February and March. Both the turf-type and early-maturing annual ryegrasses could be less competitive for nutrients, moisture, and sunlight while providing adequate cover. Appropriate warm-season perennial grasses/legumes and wildflower mixes specified by TxDOT were planted as treatments in each of four regions (Beeville, Overton, Nacogdoches, and Stephenville) to evaluate these annual ryegrass genotypes, seeding rates, and mowing influences. Additionally, similar treatments were installed at five locations in a roadway implementation trial. The turf-type and early-maturing ryegrasses proved to be both competitive and persistent when used as nurse crops for warm-season perennials with mature heights similar to the annual ryegrass varieties used in the past.
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Landscape maintenance
KW  - Revegetation
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6620-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308912
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526423
AU  - Wen, Haifang
AU  - McLean, David I
AU  - Boyle, Spencer R
AU  - Spry, Timothy C
AU  - Mjelde, Danny G
AU  - Washington State University, Pullman
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium
TI  - Evaluation of Recycled Concrete as Aggregate in New Concrete Pavements
PY  - 2014/04//Research Report
SP  - 107p
AB  - This study evaluated the use of recycled concrete as coarse aggregate in new concrete pavements.  Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) produced from demolished pavements in three geographically-dispersed locations in Washington state were used to perform tests on aggregate characteristics, fresh  concrete properties, and hardened concrete properties. Variables included the source of the RCA, percent  replacement of coarse natural aggregate with RCA (0% to 45%), and percent replacement of portland  cement with type F fly ash (0% or 20%). RCA from all three sources met Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) requirements for aggregates, and all fresh and hardened concrete properties met WSDOT requirements. Replacement of RCA for natural coarse aggregate by up to 45% by volume had no significant effects on any of the properties. These results indicate that high-quality RCA can be used as a replacement for a portion of the coarse natural aggregates in new portland cement concrete pavements in Washington State.
KW  - Coarse aggregates
KW  - Concrete aggregates
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/826.1.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51776/826.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309744
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526414
AU  - Sharp, Stephen R
AU  - Mokarem, David W
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Influence of Changes in Water-to-Cement Ratio, Alkalinity, Concrete Fluidity, Voids, and Type of Reinforcing Steel on the Corrosion Potential of Steel in Concrete
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 30p
AB  - Research on steel corrosion has demonstrated that the concentrations of chloride and hydroxide ion at the concrete/steel interface influence the susceptibility of the steel to corrosive attack. This study used electrochemical means and changes in mix design to increase the alkalinity and improve consolidation of the concrete against the steel to determine if this would increase the corrosion resistance of the reinforcing steel without compromising the properties of the concrete. To understand these effects better, the following concrete properties were evaluated: compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and length change (shrinkage). The evaluation involved the casting of different types of concrete samples, all of which contained artificial voids, for corrosion testing. These samples were composed of one of two concrete mixtures: (1) the Virginia Department of Transportation’s (VDOT) Class A4 General Bridge Deck Concrete with Straight Portland Cement (A4), or (2) a self-consolidating concrete (SCC). Selected A4 and SCC mixtures were electrochemically treated 135 days after samples were cast. Some samples were left untreated and functioned as control samples. There were no significant differences in the concrete properties between the short-term treatment (less than 7 hr) and control samples tested in this study. It was determined that alkalinity, water-to-cement ratio, and steel type all influence the corrosion potential of reinforcing steel when reinforced concrete is subjected to saltwater. In addition, introducing small voids adjacent to the steel created a greater spread between the 25th and 75th percentile of the half-cell potential measurements when compared to locations without voids; however, these same voids have little influence on the average value measured. A study is underway to perform cyclical saltwater ponding on selected samples to allow for future evaluation of corrosion resistance. This study showed that alkalinity, water-to-cement ratio, concrete fluidity during placement, and steel type all influence the corrosion potential of the reinforcing steel when reinforced concrete is subjected to saltwater. The study recommended that the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research (VCTIR) continue performing saltwater exposure on these specimens until corrosion becomes evident and then autopsy them and characterize the corrosion of the steel reinforcement. In addition, VCTIR should work with VDOT’s Materials Division to compare various concrete mix designs that would be considered acceptable to VDOT and assess how each influences the corrosion potential on embedded steel. Further, more emphasis should be placed on mix designs, such as SCC mixtures, that could provide VDOT with greater corrosion resistance and reduced labor during placement.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Alkalinity
KW  - Corrosion resistance
KW  - Corrosion tests
KW  - Fluidity
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Reinforced concrete
KW  - Reinforcing steel
KW  - Seawater
KW  - Self compacting concrete
KW  - Water cement ratio
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r11.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51992/14-r11.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308458
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526411
AU  - Fernando, Emmanuel G
AU  - Harrison, Gerry
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Construction of New Profiler Certification Tracks
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 106p
AB  - The existing smoothness specifications of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) require certification of inertial profilers for ride quality assurance testing. Currently, inertial profilers are certified based on profile measurements collected on dense-graded hot-mix asphalt concrete, and flexible base sections with distinctly different textures when the dense-graded asphalt surfaces on which these profilers were certified. TxDOT also uses inertial profilers to measure the smoothness of the state highway network as part of the department's annual pavement condition surveys to support pavement management applications. A significant percentage of this network consists of roads with seal coat surfaces and surface treatments. Since texture affects the international roughness index, there is a need to build additional sections to certify profilers over the range of textured surfaces on which they will be used. This project aims to enhance TxDOT's profiler certification program by building additional test sections at the Texas A&M Riverside Campus to include surfaces with different textures and smoothness levels. These new sections are expected to improve the validity and applicability of TxDOT's certification program, and also the accuracy of ride quality measurements.
KW  - Certification
KW  - Profilometers
KW  - Ride quality
KW  - Smoothness
KW  - Surface course (Pavements)
KW  - Surface texture tests
KW  - Test sections
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/5-9047-01-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308549
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526409
AU  - Swan, Jeff
AU  - Kay, G Bruce
AU  - Ruffner, George A
AU  - Sydloski, Amanda
AU  - Swan Consulting, LLC
AU  - Ninyo & Moore
AU  - EcoPlan Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Aggregate Sources for Construction and Maintenance in Northern Arizona
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 132p
AB  - Constructing and maintaining Arizona’s highway system requires a dependable, abundant supply of mineral aggregates, borrow, quarried rock, and other materials. Finding such sources is important in northern Arizona, where suitable materials may be limited and land jurisdictions, including sovereign American Indian nations and lands administered by the State of Arizona and federal agencies, are difficult to develop for such purposes. The Flagstaff, Globe, Holbrook, Kingman, and Prescott districts of the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT), encompassing Apache, Coconino, Mohave, Navajo, and Yavapai counties, may require up to 46 million tons of material for pavement preservation, safety improvements, widening, or reconstruction of traffic interchanges on the Interstate system and maintenance over the next 20 years. This study focuses on potential sources within a 10‐mile‐wide corridor along the existing Interstates, U.S. highways, and state routes in the five‐county project area; the project team identified 285  sites that may be suitable. The team estimates that these sites may require three months to three years to develop,  depending on the time needed for environmental clearance and permitting, site exploration and characterization, and  site development, including building haul routes to move materials for highway projects. An implementation plan was  outlined for ADOT that provides a process to determine which sites should be reviewed and cleared.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Aggregates by source
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Arizona Department of Transportation
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Mineral aggregates
KW  - Plan implementation
KW  - Resource allocation
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/az500.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51800/51848/az500.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310480
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526394
AU  - Seymour, Ed
AU  - Kuhn, Beverly
AU  - Balke, Kevin
AU  - Chaudhary, Nadeem
AU  - Jasek, Debbie
AU  - Rajbhandari, Rajat
AU  - Voigt, Tony
AU  - Miller, Kristine
AU  - Geiselbrecht, Tina
AU  - Venglar, Steven
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Research to Develop an ITS Strategic Plan for Texas
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 174p
AB  - Texas Department of Transportation's (TxDOT’s) mission is to provide safe and reliable transportation solutions for the citizens of Texas. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) can play a pivotal role in meeting that mission. TxDOT can take advantage of advanced and emerging technologies to enhance safety and promote reliability by ensuring that travelers see the transportation network as a seamless system that helps get them to their destinations and deliver goods and services to the citizens of Texas with as little disruption as possible. ITS is a critical component of the transportation infrastructure that helps ensure the system operates in the most efficient way possible every day, every night, and during all types of situations and weather conditions. TxDOT has four primary goals related to meeting its mission. These goals are: maintain a safe system, address congestion, connect Texas communities, and become a best-in-class state agency. The agency cannot hope to successfully meet these goals without ITS in its arsenal of strategies to advance transportation across the state. This report documents the research that was undertaken to develop the ITS Strategic Plan for Texas. This research included an assessment of current United States trends in ITS and related initiatives, interviews with ITS stakeholders across Texas to determine needs, and a peer state review. The plan provides a framework to guide the development and deployment of an integrated statewide program for Intelligent Transportation Systems. The Texas Transportation Commission, TxDOT, as well as the broad community of ITS providers, stakeholders, and agency partners, will use this plan to promote the development, deployment, and use of ITS statewide. If this plan is to succeed, it needs the cooperation of all affected groups involved in ITS and transportation planning, design, funding, and implementation in the state.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - States
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - United States
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6672-2.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308708
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01526393
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Gowrishankar, Sudeep
AU  - Work, Daniel B
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - TrafficTurk Evaluation
PY  - 2014/04
IS  - 14-008
SP  - 65p
AB  - This report summarizes a project undertaken by the University of Illinois on behalf of the Illinois Department of Transportation to evaluate a smartphone application called TrafficTurk for traffic safety and traffic monitoring applications. TrafficTurk is a smartphone-based turning movement counter that was developed at the University of Illinois to allow large-scale traffic data collection during large events. TrafficTurk data can be used for real-time decision-making or to assist in future event traffic management plans. The application was evaluated on the 2013 Farm Progress Show, which is the largest outdoor farm show in the United States and is held in Decatur every two years. Apart from the large amount of delay caused by the traffic  congestion during this time, there are also specific safety concerns that have been raised by the Macon County Highway Department. In particular, vehicles tend to queue on Interstate-72 just upstream of exit ramp at IL 48. Because I-72 is a high-speed roadway, stopped vehicles are susceptible to high-speed rear-end collisions. The collected traffic data was specifically used to analyze the arrival rates of traffic at each of the counting locations and the possibility of re-routing traffic from the eastern, northern, and western approaches to the show. The application also collected information on the data latency and energy efficiency of the application in order to provide insights on the feasibility, scalability, and scope of future deployments. The analysis of data focused on estimating the traffic density across the road network surrounding the show. An algorithm was developed to quantify traffic congestion on each road segment, which was then used to analyze traffic re-routing.
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Decatur (Illinois)
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Mobile applications
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Smartphones
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Traffic surveillance
KW  - TrafficTurk
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/48995
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308829
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526390
AU  - Im, Soohyok
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Field Performance of RAS Test Sections and Laboratory Investigation of Impact of Rejuvenators on Engineering Properties of RAP/RAS Mixes
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 102p
AB  - In the last several years, recycled asphalt shingles (RAS), in addition to reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), have been widely used in Texas. The use of RAS can significantly reduce the cost of asphalt mixtures, conserve energy, and protect the environment. However, one of the major concerns is poor cracking resistance of RAS mixes due to super stiff asphalt binder in the RAS. This research focused on field performance of RAS test sections and the benefit of using rejuvenators in improving cracking resistance of RAS(/RAP) mixes. In addition, a simple cost analysis was performed to investigate the cost-benefits of using rejuvenators. It was found that both increasing design density (leading to higher virgin binder content) and using soft virgin binders (e.g. PGXX-28) can improve cracking resistance. With respect to improving cracking resistance of RAS mixes, the three rejuvenators evaluated in this research are all effective. Furthermore, the incorporation of rejuvenators also improved the moisture susceptibility and rutting resistance of the mixtures containing recycled materials. Apparently, additional tests and analyses are necessary. Specifically, field test sections with different types of rejuvenators should be constructed for further evaluation. Additionally, the observed field performance indicated that cracking performance is influenced by many factors, such as traffic, climate, existing pavement conditions for asphalt overlays, and pavement structure and layer thickness. It is extremely difficult to propose a single cracking requirement for all applications. There is a need to develop a RAP/RAS mix design and performance evaluation system for project-specific service conditions, including traffic, climate, existing pavement conditions, etc.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Texas
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308472
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526370
AU  - Overman, John H
AU  - Storey, Beverly
AU  - Kraus, Edgar
AU  - Miller, Kristi
AU  - Walewski, John
AU  - Elgart, Zachary
AU  - Atkinson, Sam
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - University of North Texas, Denton
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Maximizing Mitigation Benefits - Making a Difference with Strategic Inter-Resource Agency Planning: Year One Technical Report
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 112p
AB  - The objective of this research project is to assess current mitigation policies and practices in comparison to  resource agency objectives, and identify mitigation strategies and priorities that provide greater cost-benefit  potential and implementation speed through strategic inter-resource agency planning. Mitigation for various  actions associated with transportation development has been part of the process for decades. Although the  science, practice, and technology may have advanced during this time, many of the processes and practices are rooted in traditional rules and regulations that require mitigation. The objective for this project is to assess mitigation policies and practices as a whole–looking at both the current and future of mitigation  efforts in the transportation development process. This report summarizes activities conducted in the first  year of the project.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Interagency relations
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Texas
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6762-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308910
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526351
AU  - Seymour, Ed
AU  - Kuhn, Beverly
AU  - Balke, Kevin
AU  - Chaudhary, Nadeem
AU  - Jasek, Debbie
AU  - Rajbhandari, Rajat
AU  - Voigt, Tony
AU  - Miller, Kristine
AU  - Geiselbrecht, Tina
AU  - Venglar, Steven
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - TxDOT ITS Strategic Plan 2013
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 70p
AB  - Texas Department of Transportation's (TxDOT’s) mission is to provide safe and reliable transportation solutions for the citizens of Texas. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) can play a pivotal role in meeting that mission. TxDOT can take advantage of advanced and emerging technologies to enhance safety and promote reliability by ensuring that travelers see the transportation network as a seamless system that helps get them to their destinations and deliver goods and services to the citizens of Texas with as little disruption as possible. ITS can also help support the values of TxDOT that are cornerstones of its philosophy: trust, integrity, responsibility, excellence, and service. ITS is a critical component of the transportation infrastructure that helps ensure the system operates in the most efficient way possible every day, every night, and during all types of situations and weather conditions. TxDOT has four primary goals related to meeting its mission. These goals are: maintain a safe system, address congestion, connect Texas communities, and become a best-in-class state agency. The agency cannot hope to successfully meet these goals without ITS in its arsenal of strategies to advance transportation across the state. This document provides a framework to guide the development and deployment of an integrated statewide program for intelligent transportation systems. The Texas Transportation Commission, TxDOT, as well as the broad community of ITS providers, stakeholders, and agency partners, will use this plan to promote the development, deployment, and use of ITS statewide. If this plan is to succeed, it needs the cooperation of all affected groups involved in ITS and transportation planning, design, funding, and implementation in the state.
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6672-2.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308709
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526337
AU  - Finley, Melisa D
AU  - Songchitruksa, Praprut
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa R
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Innovative Devices to Control Traffic Entering From Low-Volume Access Points within a Lane Closure
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 79p
AB  - This report describes the methodology and results of analyses performed to identify and evaluate alternative methods to control traffic entering a lane closure on a two-lane, two-way road from low-volume access points. Researchers documented the state-of-the-practice regarding temporary traffic control at lane closures on two-lane, two-way roads in Texas, and examined existing and innovative devices and strategies that could be used to control traffic entering from low-volume access points. Researchers also compared the benefits and costs of various temporary traffic control alternatives for low-volume access points. Motorist surveys and field studies were conducted to access motorist understanding and the operational and safety effectiveness of two innovative devices to control traffic at low-volume access points. The findings from these tasks and studies were used to develop guidelines regarding the appropriate traffic control for low-volume access points within a lane closure on a two-lane, two-way road.
KW  - Access control (Transportation)
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Lane closure
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Two lane highways
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6708-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308473
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526335
AU  - Sun, Xiaoduan
AU  - Das, Subasish
AU  - University of Louisiana, Lafayette
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Comprehensive Study on Pavement Edge Line Implementation
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 71p
AB  - The previous 2011 study “Safety Improvement from Edge Lines on Rural Two-Lane Highways” analyzed the crash data of three years before and one year after edge line implementation by using the latest safety analysis statistical method. It concluded that placing pavement edge lines on rural two-lane highways in Louisiana can not only change the lateral positions of the vehicles but also reduce crashes. The Crash Modification Factor (CMF) for edge line on narrow, rural two-lane highways is 0.78. Considering the decreasing trend in crashes in the state for the past three years, the modified CMF is 0.83, which implies that, on average, implementing edge lines can reduce 17% of crashes. As an extension of the 2011 project, this study not only used two more years of crash data for the after time period but also applied the Empirical Bayes (EB) method in the analysis to estimate the crash reduction factors. Moreover, crash  characteristics analysis is performed in this study to compare the difference before and after edge line implementation. Additionally, this project performed benefit and cost analysis. By considering the safety trend in Louisiana, the final estimated CMF is 0.85, which means there is a 15% expected crash reduction in edge line implementation on narrow, rural two-lane highways. The statistically estimated standard deviation for the CMF is 0.039. The crash reduction is consistent in all crash types and particularly significant in single vehicle crashes. Most of single vehicle crashes are run-off-road (ROR) crashes, which is the exact type of crash targeted by edge line implementation. The benefits overwhelmingly offset the cost with edge line implementation. The most conservative estimation for benefit and cost ratio is 19. This project recommends the use of edge lines on narrow rural two-lane highways whenever it is financially feasible and operationally feasible.
KW  - Bayes' theorem
KW  - Before and after studies
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Crash characteristics
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Edge lines
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Ran off road crashes
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Two lane highways
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/FR_508.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51800/51854/FR_508.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308456
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526334
AU  - Glover, Charles J
AU  - Liu, Guanlan
AU  - Rose, Avery A
AU  - Tong, Yunwei
AU  - Gu, Fan
AU  - Ling, Meng
AU  - Arambula, Edith
AU  - Estakhri, Cindy K
AU  - Lytton, Robert L.
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Binder Aging and Its Influence in Aging of Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 215p
AB  - Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies, through reduced mixing and placement temperatures, have reduced fuel consumption, enhanced compaction, increased haul distances and an extended paving season. Issues of concern in WMA are binder oxidation and absorption and their impact on pavement durability. Key future work should combine results from this project with other recent Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) projects to develop a comprehensive and fundamentals based mixture design and pavement performance prediction methodology that accounts for climate, traffic loading, pavement structural properties, life-cycle cost analysis, and that is applicable to hot mix asphalt (HMA). WMA, polymer-modified binders, and mixtures that incorporate reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS). Such an effort would be a major contribution to pavement design and is a realistic goal. Some other key findings are: 1) absorption is directly related to aggregate void fraction, 2) WMA absorption is somewhat less than HMA absorption, 3) the density gradient column (DGC) provides a reliable and relatively easy measure of absorption for an aggregate/binder pair, 4) standard (ASTM) methods for measuring absorption can be problematic, depending on the level of absorption, 5) binders modified using warm mix technologies were found to have similar oxidation kinetics to their base binders, 6) the overlay tester and viscoelastic characterization (VEC) measurements were successfully used to characterize mixture fatigue, 7) mixture fatigue resistance declines with binder oxidation, a result that is omitted entirely from typical pavement design guides (e.g., the Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG)), and 8) during the first summer of its service life, oxidative aging, curing, and absorption have a significant beneficial effect on the performance of warm mixes.
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Aging (Materials)
KW  - Asphalt concrete pavements
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Texas
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308905
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526330
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Estakhri, Cindy
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Literature Review, Performance of RAP/RAS Mixes and New Direction
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 69p
AB  - In the last several years reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) have been widely used in asphalt mixes in Texas. The use of RAP/RAS can significantly reduce the initial cost of asphalt mixtures, conserve energy, and protect our environment. There are always two main concerns: variability of RAP/RAS and durability (or cracking) of RAP/RAS mixes. Past studies in Texas have clearly indicated that both RAP and RAS have acceptable variability following the best practices for handling RAP/RAS. This study will focus on the durability of RAP/RAS mixes. This report presents a review of using RAP/RAS in asphalt mixes, the identified research focus, and the revised field experimental test plan. Specifically, this report discusses the field performance of RAP/RAS mixes in Texas and other states, and the observed field performance data strongly support the necessity of establishing a RAP/RAS mix design system for project-specific service conditions. The best practices for using RAP/RAS processing, mix design, production, and field construction, are also documented. Additionally, the new specification for asphalt mixes in Texas is reviewed and then a revised field experimental test plan for validating the new specification is recommended.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Durability
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6738-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308471
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526322
AU  - Sebesta, Stephen
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Guidelines for Repairing Severe Edge Failures : Technical Report
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 56p
AB  - This report presents various edge failures, the methods used by districts to repair them, and the results of the repair. While there was no clear consensus on the best treatment of in-situ material for pavements with edge failures, the districts agreed that an up-front investigation should be conducted, samples should be obtained and tested, and widening the pavement contributes to a reduced risk of edge failure. Special treatments may be necessary when dealing with pavements that have no shoulders, steep front slopes, and/or subgrade soils of high plasticity. Researchers found that geogrid reinforcement is beneficial to reducing longitudinal edge cracking, but will not totally eliminate edge cracking problems. Scarifying and reshaping the existing material with stabilization, combined with a flexible base overlay has shown good performance. Without a uniform cross section, simply widening the pavement can result in cracking problems at the longitudinal construction joint. This report also provides guidelines for repairing severe edge failures.
KW  - Geogrids
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Pavement edge
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement widening
KW  - Repairing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308550
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526311
AU  - Kader, Michael
AU  - Ramani, Tara
AU  - Johnson, Jeremy
AU  - Speigelman, Clifford
AU  - Zietsman, Josias
AU  - Jacobs, Timothy
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Fleet Equipment Performance Measurement Preventive Maintenance Model: Final Report
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 76p
AB  - The concept of preventive maintenance is very important in the effective management and deployment of  vehicle fleets. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) operates a large fleet of on-road and off-road equipment. Newer engines and vehicles are equipped with on-board diagnostic systems that can provide data on engine operation as indicators of engine load. There is the possibility of tracking these parameters to refine predictions for when equipment maintenance should be performed. Project 0-6626 aimed to provide a proof of concept for this idea by studying TxDOT’s fleet, selecting a vehicle category for data collection, and developing an algorithm that can be used to recommend appropriate oil change intervals based on engine data collected through on-board diagnostic systems.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Equipment maintenance
KW  - Oil changing
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Preventive maintenance
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Vehicle electronics
KW  - Vehicle fleets
KW  - Vehicle maintenance
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6626-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308907
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526303
AU  - Zollinger, Dan
AU  - Ley, Tyler
AU  - Wimsatt, Andrew
AU  - Ryu, Seongwoo
AU  - Won, Moon
AU  - Riding, Kyle
AU  - Zhou, Wujun
AU  - Choi, Pangil
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of Curing, Texturing, Subbase, and Compaction Measurement Alternatives for Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement
PY  - 2014/04//Technical Report
SP  - 136p
AB  - This report evaluates four different subbase types, two different concrete mix designs (a standard Texas  Department of Transportation gradation and an optimized gradation), three different curing compounds, and  four different surface textures that researchers tested on a new section of continuously reinforced concrete  pavement. In particular, researchers found: (1) The instrumented roller package was effective in locating areas of low stiffness in subgrade soils. (2) Falling weight deflectometer and dynamic cone penetrometer data can be used to evaluate the stiffness of stabilized subbases before concrete paving commences. (3) The proposed curing compound evaluation protocol not only considered the moisture loss throughout the maturing process of concrete, but also introduced the relative humidity, surface abrasion strength, and water content of cured concrete samples to assess the curing compound effectiveness. (4) It appears that the use of geotextile between Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) and the subbase is questionable and may not provide the desired pavement performance. (5) The ConcreteWorks program was effectively calibrated using the data collected from this project.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Continuously reinforced concrete pavements
KW  - Curing agents
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Subbase (Pavements)
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/5-6037-01-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308908
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526297
AU  - Taylor, Adam J
AU  - Tran, Nam H
AU  - National Center for Asphalt Technology
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Results of Inter-Laboratory Study for AMPT Pooled Fund Study TPF-5(178)
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 46p
AB  - An inter-laboratory study (ILS) was conducted as part of Pooled Fund Study TPF-5(178)	to (1) help	participating state agencies be familiarized with the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT) and start using the AMPT to test their routine asphalt mixtures; (2) determine if the variability of the dynamic modulus and flow number test results obtained in this pooled-fund	ILS was comparable with that determined under the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 09-29 ILS; and (3) investigate whether the current sample air void fabrication tolerances could be loosened from ± 0.5% to ± 1.0% as recommended in NCHRP Project 09-29. Twenty-nine participating laboratories were divided into three groups which were asked to test their specimens	prepared from loose plant-produced mix at 6 ± 0.5%, 7 ± 0.5%, and 8 ± 0.5% air voids. Twenty-two of the 29 laboratories returned dynamic modulus and flow number test results for analysis included in this report. The repeatability statistics of	 the pooled-fund ILS for dynamic modulus and phase angle were generally equivalent to or higher than the values obtained during the NCHRP Project 09-29 ILS, but the reproducibility statistics for the pooled-fund ILS was either equivalent to or lower than the values obtained in the previous ILS. For flow number, the repeatability and reproducibility statistics for each of the three groups were significantly improved over the NCHRP Project 09-29 ILS values. This may be because each of the participating labs followed a more consistent	procedure for preparing test	specimens	in the pooled fund ILS	and had received some uniform training from both the manufacturer and through the NHI AMPT training course. The analysis results suggest that specimen air voids have a significant effect on both the dynamic modulus and flow number results. Up to approximately 50% of the variability of dynamic modulus results and approximately 70% of the variability of	flow number data in this study can be explained by the variability of specimen	air voids. In addition, a	linear regression of the flow	number data between	5.5 and 8.5 percent air voids showed a	1.0 percent increase in air void content would yield a flow number reduction of approximately 95 cycles. Thus, it is not possible to support loosening the specimen fabrication air void tolerances from ± 0.5 percent to ± 1.0 percent based on the results of this study.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Flow
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - National Cooperative Highway Research Program
UR  - http://www.ncat.us/files/reports/2014/rep14-01.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307346
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526292
AU  - Miller, Ann B
AU  - Wallingford, Samuel R
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Management Plan for Historic Bridges in Virginia: Update / Scoping Phase
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 28p
AB  - The Management Plan for Historic Bridges in Virginia, completed in 2001 (hereinafter the 2001 Management Plan), identified the management and treatment needs for 54 bridges in Virginia that were individually eligible for or listed on the National Register of Historic Places and were under state purview. The 2001 Management Plan included a recommendation that the plan be reviewed and updated approximately every 10 years. An update to the 2001 Management Plan (and periodic updates thereafter) will be required by a pending programmatic agreement regarding the management of cultural resources, including bridges, in Virginia. The signatories of this agreement will include the Virginia Department of Transportation, the Federal Highway Administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and the Virginia State Historic Preservation Officer. The current project was the scoping phase of the larger, formal update and entailed collecting information on the current status of the 54 bridges, including any major changes to the bridges since the publication of the 2001 Management Plan. Changes included major maintenance; rehabilitation work; damage; deterioration; and in a few cases, dismantling or demolition of the structure. Of the 54 bridges listed in the 2001 Management Plan, 37 underwent rehabilitation or repair; 1 was severely damaged by flooding and its remaining structure was stabilized, but treatment options are still being explored; 1 was dismantled and stored; and 3 were demolished in accordance with the recommended treatment (demolition following documentation) in the 2001 Management Plan. Although no work on the remaining 12 bridges was recorded, several had undergone rehabilitation before 2000. In the cases of bridges for which work was done, nearly all work was in accordance with the recommendations in the 2001 Management Plan. Having the updated information regarding the 54 bridges in the 2001 Management Plan in hand will facilitate the next phase of this work: the formal update of the 2001 Management Plan for these bridges. It is anticipated that the formal update will include enhanced maintenance recommendations as well as updated general management recommendations for these bridges. The current status information provided in this report will allow the update of the 2001 Management Plan to proceed in a timely, efficient  fashion.
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Historic bridges
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - National Register of Historic Places
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r9.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308457
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526282
AU  - Tia, Mang
AU  - Muszynski, Larry
AU  - Kwon, Ohhoon
AU  - University of Florida, Gainesville
AU  - Florida Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Slab Replacement Maturity Guidelines
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 168p
AB  - This study investigated the use of maturity method to determine early age strength of concrete in slab  replacement application. Specific objectives were (1) to evaluate effects of various factors on the compressive maturity-strength relationship of concrete at early age, (2) to develop appropriate test procedures for applying maturity method to predict early age strength of concrete, and (3) to validate the accuracy of the prediction of maturity method using the proposed test procedures.  The maturity method using the Arrhenius maturity function was found to be quite reliable and convenient for use in predicting the early-age compressive strength of concrete in replacement slab application. Some limitations of maturity-strength prediction, such as the strength loss due to high curing temperature and insufficient moisture, supply were observed in the laboratory studies. However, these limitations were observed at the later age of the concrete when the compressive strength reached around 3,000 to 3,500 psi, and thus the observed limitations did not have any negative effect on the early-age-strength prediction of the concrete in the replacement slab.  Using the strength of the protection specimens as strength determination of the in-place concrete is unreliable and may result in over-prediction of its strength. The maturity method using the Arrhenius maturity function is recommended for use to estimate the early-age compressive strength of concrete in slab replacement application. A testing protocol for the generation of maturity-strength curve for prediction of early-age compressive strength of concrete was recommended. The concrete used in the replacement lab must have exactly the same water-cement ratio, mix ingredients, and fresh concrete properties as those of the laboratory concrete used to develop the maturity curve. In the event that differences in fresh concrete properties, with more than ±1 inch in slump and/or ±1 % in air  contents, are observed between the actual concrete used at the project site and the concrete which has been used to develop the maturity-strength curve, the maturity-strength curve should not be used to make strength predictions without proper adjustments of the predicted strengths due to effects of the variations in the fresh concrete properties.
KW  - Arrhenius equation
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Concrete curing
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Slabs
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://www.fdot.gov/research/Completed_Proj/Summary_SMO/FDOT-BDK75-977-62-rpt.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307345
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526274
AU  - Walubita, Lubinda F
AU  - Faruk, Abu N M
AU  - Lee, Sang Ick
AU  - Zhang, Jun
AU  - Nguyen, Stanford Thien Phong
AU  - Scullion, Thomas
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - HMA Shear Resistance, Permanent Deformation, and Rutting Tests for Texas Mixes : Year-1 Report
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - v.p.
AB  - Traditionally run at one test temperature (122°F), the Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test (HWTT) has a proven history of identifying hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixes that are moisture susceptible and/or prone to rutting failures. Rutting failures, however, have occurred with HMA mixes that had passed the HWTT in the laboratory; mostly in high shear locations, in particular with slow moving (accelerating/decelerating) traffic at controlled intersections, stop-go sections, in areas of elevated temperatures, heavy/high traffic loading, and/or where lower PG asphalt-binder grades have been used. As a supplement to the HWTT, this two-year study is being undertaken to develop a simpler and less time consuming shear resistance and permanent deformation (PD)/rutting test that is also cost-effective, repeatable, and produces superior results in terms of correlation with field rutting performance. In particular, such a test should have the potential to discriminate HMA mixes for application in high shear stress areas (i.e., intersections) as well as being an indicator of the critical temperatures at which a given HMA mix, with a given PG asphalt-binder grade, becomes unstable and more prone to rutting and/or shear failure. In line with these objectives, this interim report documents the research work completed in Year-1 of the study, namely: a) data search and literature review; b) computational modeling and shear stress-strain analysis; c) comparative evaluation of the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester (AMPT) and the Universal Testing Machine (UTM); and d) comparative evaluation of the Flow Number (FN), Dynamic Modulus (DM), and Repeated Load Permanent Deformation (RLPD) tests relative to the HWTT test method.
KW  - Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Deformation curve
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Repeated loads
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Shear strength
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6744-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308470
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01526273
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Hall, James P
AU  - Sung, Chung-Hsien
AU  - Morgan, William
AU  - University of Illinois, Springfield
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Analysis of 24-Hour versus 48-Hour Traffic Counts for HPMS Sampling
PY  - 2014/04
IS  - 14-007
SP  - 42p
AB  - The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) has requested a waiver from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to allow IDOT to implement a 24-hour traffic-count program on the non-state Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) routes, as opposed to the current HPMS count cycle and duration requirement for a 48-hour minimum counting cycle. IDOT proposes to count these routes twice in a 5-year cycle. IDOT’s concern is that the collection of 24-hour counts, as opposed to 48-hour counts, would enable more efficient use of agency resources, yet still maintain the statistical integrity of the annual  average daily traffic (AADT) estimation process for HPMS reporting. IDOT had conducted research in the 1980s comparing the two count durations and has been following the conclusions from that study in conducting 24-hour counts. IDOT had been granted an FHWA waiver for the 24-hour counts on state routes since 1992. Because traffic patterns have changed over the years, IDOT wanted to review the relative differences between the two count durations. The objective of this study was to perform a statistical analysis on IDOT’s automated traffic recorder (ATR) continuous-count traffic data, collected from 103 statewide ATR locations, to compare the relative differences between 24-hour count periods and 48-hour count periods that are factored to compute AADT. Statistical analyses were performed for statewide ATR data across various roadway functional classification categories and also split by District 1 and downstate  (Districts 2–9). In general, the analyses found that, with the application of appropriate daily traffic-count adjustment factors, the 24-hour counts were statistically comparable to 48-hour traffic counts.
KW  - Annual average daily traffic
KW  - Automatic traffic recorders
KW  - Highway Performance Monitoring System
KW  - Hours
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Traffic counts
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/48937
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308830
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522309
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Efficient and Safe Merging Solutions: Advanced Freeway Merge Assistance: Harnessing the Potential
of Connected Vehicles
PY  - 2014/04
SP  - 2p
AB  - One of the major traffic bottlenecks and safety concerns on today’s busy roads occurs during freeway  merges. “Advanced Freeway Merge Assistance: Harnessing the Potential of Connected Vehicles” is an Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) Program project designed to improve the efficiency and safety of freeway merges using connected vehicle technology. This project was awarded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 2009, and was conducted by the University of Virginia Center for Transportation Studies (UVA CTS). Using a previous 2008 study on the ability of connected vehicle technology to improve ramp metering as the starting point for this study, the project developed and evaluated strategic  algorithms designed to improve freeway merging. These algorithms were developed specifically to take advantage of the capabilities provided by the system.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Driver support systems
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Merging traffic
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Ramp metering
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14045/14045.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1305803
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522138
AU  - Boeckmann, Andrew
AU  - Myers, Sarah
AU  - Uong, Minh
AU  - Loehr, J Erik
AU  - University of Missouri, Columbia
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Load and Resistance Factor Design of Drilled Shafts in Shale for Lateral Loading
PY  - 2014/04//Final Report
SP  - 301p
AB  - A research project involving 32 drilled shaft load tests was undertaken to establish Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) procedures for design of drilled shafts subjected to lateral loads. Tests were performed at two Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) geotechnical research sites. All shafts were founded in shale. Shafts were instrumented to measure the displacement of the shaft head, and the structural response of each shaft was interpreted from strain gage data as well as from ShapeAccelArray (SAA) data. The load tests achieved significant displacement of the top of the shaft, and successfully transferred load into the rock layers. A p-y model was created from the data by using a finite element method (FEM) code to match the measured deflection data. The fitted p-y  models were generally stiffer and with greater values of ultimate lateral resistance (p sub ult) than those predicted using the popular “stiff clay” model of Ensoft’s L-PILE. The FEM code was then used to perform reliability calculations and produce resistance factors as a function of the coefficient of variation of the foundation material strength.
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Drilled shafts
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Lateral loads
KW  - Lateral resistance
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Load transfer
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Shale
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1126/cmr14-011_reduced.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306453
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530989
AU  - Meegoda, Jay N
AU  - Gao, Shengyan
AU  - New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Optimum Fund Allocations to Rehabilitate Transport Infrastructure
PY  - 2014/03/31/Final Report
SP  - 49p
AB  - Transportation Infrastructure in the U.S. is in need of maintenance and rehabilitation. Preservation of road  networks at an acceptable level of serviceability subject to the stringent yearly maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) budgets is a major challenge for State Departments of Transportation (DOTs). Decision-makers are required to develop an optimum financial plan to minimize the total cost of maintenance and rehabilitation for different expected improvement of the road network performance level during a given planning horizon. This research developed a network level budget planning model, a valuable tool for decision makers of DOTs to determine the required minimum network budget and optimal budget allocations. This decision tool can compute the minimum amount of investment needed for a pavement network over a certain planning horizon to achieve specific network level condition state and recommend the best allocation of available budget among competing projects for different treatment strategies of maintenance and rehabilitation each year. This network-level optimization tool integrates a linear programming model and a deterministic roughness progression model which accounts the pavement deterioration. The effect of the uniformity of the annual optimum budget distribution on budget planning is also considered. The flexible pavement condition data from New Jersey Highway Network is used to validate the proposed model. This optimization tool demonstrates its ability to calculate the minimum budget required to achieve a desired level of pavement network condition state and to determine the corresponding optimal treatment scheduling. The developed network-level budget planning model can be used by highway agencies as a decision support tool for network level pavement management.
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Roughness
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/final-optimum-fund-allocation_0.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315784
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01565446
AU  - Sheaf, Scott
AU  - Balke, Kevin
AU  - Charara, Hassan
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa
AU  - Gibbs, Williams
AU  - Kucalaba, Luke
AU  - Smith, Theodore
AU  - Timcho, Thomas
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - System Design Document for the INFLO Prototype
PY  - 2014/03/28/Final Report
SP  - 73p
AB  - This report documents the high level System Design Document (SDD) for the prototype development and demonstration of the Intelligent Network Flow Optimization (INFLO) application bundle, with a focus on the Speed Harmonization (SPD-HARM) and Queue Warning (Q-WARN) applications. These two applications together comprise a tightly integrated bundle that is a key research activity within the Dynamic Mobility Applications (DMA) portion of the Connected Vehicle Program. This SDD is a representation of a system/software design that is to be used for recording design information, addressing various design concerns, and communicating that information to the INFLO stakeholders. This document provides a representation of the INFLO software system created to facilitate analysis, planning, implementation, and decision making. It is a blueprint or model of the INFLO software, communications, and to some extent, the hardware systems. The SDD is used as the primary medium for communicating design information.
KW  - Intelligent Network Flow Optimization (INFLO)
KW  - ITS program applications
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Queuing
KW  - Speed harmonization
KW  - System design
KW  - Traffic speed
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54800/54846/INFLO-System-Design-FINAL-508-compliant_FHWA-JPO-14-169.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1355759
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560088
AU  - Wells, Bryan
AU  - Berg, Roger
AU  - Denso International America, Incorporated
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device Kit Project: Safety Applications and Development Plan
PY  - 2014/03/28/Final Report
SP  - 42p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities. Cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) safety applications will be effective only if a high fraction of vehicles are equipped. Deployment of V2V technology will be enhanced if it is available not only for manufacturing in new vehicles but also for retrofit to existing vehicles. The objective of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device (CCV-RSD) Kit Project was to develop complete hardware and software that can be used in various brands and models of heavy trucks. The RSD kits provide the functionality needed for cooperative V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) safety applications to support the Model Deployment and other USDOT connected vehicle projects. This project included testing and documentation needed for installation, operation, enhancement, and maintenance of the units. These retrofit kits were built so they could be installed in existing class 6, 7, or 8 trucks. The RSD kits achieved a V2V and V2I functionality similar to that of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck (CCV-IT) vehicles, where onboard equipment was integrated with newly manufactured truck tractors. This document describes application requirements for CCV-RSD safety applications, including Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Intersection Movement Assist (IMA), Blind Spot Warning (BSW), Emergency Electronic Brake Lights (EEBL), and Curve Speed Warning (CSW). Safety applications based on these requirements were subsequently implemented in the CCV-RSD program as an adaptation of a preexisting system developed for Light Vehicles and the CCV-IT program.
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Heavy duty trucks
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Vehicle retrofitting
KW  - Vehicle to infrastructure communications
KW  - Vehicle to vehicle communications
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54500/54590/401_safetyapps.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344656
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554432
AU  - Stephens, Denny
AU  - Pape, Doug
AU  - LeBlanc, Dave
AU  - Bogard, Scott
AU  - Berg, Roger
AU  - Wells, Bryan
AU  - Peredo, Gordon
AU  - Battelle
AU  - University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device Kit Project: Final Report
PY  - 2014/03/28/Final Report
SP  - 114p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities. Cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) safety applications will be effective only if a high fraction of vehicles are equipped. Deployment of V2V technology will be enabled if it is available not only for manufacturing in new vehicles but also for retrofit to existing vehicles. The objective of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device (CCV-RSD) Kit Project was to develop complete hardware and software that can be used in various brands and models of heavy trucks. The RSD kits provide the functionality needed for cooperative V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) safety applications to support the Model Deployment and other U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) connected vehicle projects. This project included testing and documentation needed for installation, operation, enhancement, and maintenance of the units. These retrofit kits were built so they could be installed in existing class 6, 7, or 8 trucks. The RSD kits achieved a V2V and V2I functionality similar to that of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck vehicles, where onboard equipment was integrated with newly manufactured truck tractors. This final report summarizes all of the activities and accomplishments of this project. Hardware and software were developed to adapt safety applications to commercial vehicles. Carefully planned testing on a benchtop and test track provided successful operation in the Safety Pilot Model Deployment.
KW  - Active safety systems
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Computers
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Software
KW  - Trucking safety
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54409/111.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342144
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554404
AU  - Wells, Bryan
AU  - Berg, Roger
AU  - Denso International America, Incorporated
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device Kit Project: Safety Applications Performance and Functional Test Plan and Procedure
PY  - 2014/03/28/Task Final Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities. Cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) safety applications will be effective only if a high fraction of vehicles are equipped. Deployment of V2V technology will be enhanced if it is available not only for manufacturing in new vehicles but also for retrofit to existing vehicles. The objective of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device (CCV-RSD) Kit Project was to develop complete hardware and software that can be used in various brands and models of heavy trucks. The RSD kits provide the functionality needed for cooperative V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) safety applications to support the Model Deployment and other U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) connected vehicle projects. This project included testing and documentation needed for installation, operation, enhancement, and maintenance of the units. These retrofit kits were built so they could be installed in existing class 6, 7, or 8 trucks. The RSD kits achieved a V2V and V2I functionality similar to that of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck vehicles, where onboard equipment was integrated with newly manufactured truck tractors. This document describes the performance and functional test plan and procedures that were later used to verify that the safety applications in an RSD kit that had been installed in a tractor. The document specifies a series of tests for the Forward Collision Warning (FCW), Emergency Electronic Brake Lights (EEBL), Intersection Movement Assist (IMA), Blind Spot Warning/Lane Change Warning (BSW/LCW), and Curve Speed Warning (CSW) safety applications.
KW  - Active safety systems
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Computers
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Software
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Trucking safety
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54405/107.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342146
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554371
AU  - LeBlanc, David
AU  - Bogard, Scott E
AU  - Goodsell, Robert
AU  - University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device Kit Project: Model Deployment Operational Analysis Report
PY  - 2014/03/28/Task Final Report
SP  - 46p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities. Cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) safety applications will be effective only if a high fraction of vehicles are equipped. Deployment of V2V technology will be enhanced if it is available not only for manufacturing in new vehicles but also for retrofit to existing vehicles. The objective of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device (CCV-RSD) Kit Project was to develop complete hardware and software that can be used in various brands and models of heavy trucks. The RSD kits provide the functionality needed for cooperative V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) safety applications to support the model deployment and other U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) connected vehicle projects. This project included testing and documentation needed for installation, operation, enhancement, and maintenance of the units. These retrofit kits were built so they could be installed in existing class 6, 7, or 8 trucks. The RSD kits achieved a V2V and V2I functionality similar to that of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck vehicles, where onboard equipment was integrated with newly manufactured truck tractors. This document describes the operational experience of commercial vehicles with the RSD kits in the safety pilot model deployment. It includes the travel distances, safety application alert counts and rates, communication interactions, and the ability of Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) units onboard these vehicles to receive other vehicles’ messages.
KW  - Active safety systems
KW  - Commercial vehicle operations
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Computers
KW  - Dedicated short range communications
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Software
KW  - Trucking safety
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54408/110.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342145
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554300
AU  - Bogard, Scott
AU  - LeBlanc, David
AU  - University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device Kit Project: Applications Performance and Functional Test Report
PY  - 2014/03/28/Task Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities. Cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) safety applications will be effective only if a high fraction of vehicles are equipped. Deployment of V2V technology will be enabled if it is available not only for manufacturing in new vehicles but also for retrofit to existing vehicles. The objective of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device (CCV-RSD) Kit Project was to develop complete hardware and software that can be used in various brands and models of heavy trucks. The RSD kits provide the functionality needed for cooperative V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) safety applications to support the Model Deployment and other U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) connected vehicle projects. This project included testing and documentation needed for installation, operation, enhancement, and maintenance of the units. These retrofit kits were built so they could be installed in existing class 6, 7, or 8 trucks. The RSD kits achieved a V2V and V2I functionality similar to that of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck vehicles, where onboard equipment was integrated with newly manufactured truck tractors. This report documents tests on the functionality of the safety applications on a closed course. More than 20 scenarios were developed to verify safety application performance in both typical and challenging pre-crash conditions. Most scenarios tested whether a warning was displayed to the driver at the appropriate time, and some tested whether the system would withhold a warning when it was not warranted. Several test runs were conducted for each scenario. The system passed all of the tests that were run.
KW  - Active safety systems
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Computers
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Software
KW  - Trucking safety
KW  - Trucks
KW  - Warning devices
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54406/108.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342141
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554242
AU  - Bogard, Scott
AU  - LeBlanc, David
AU  - Gilbert, Mark
AU  - University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device Kit Project: Data Acquisition System (DAS) Documentation
PY  - 2014/03/28/Task Report
SP  - 60p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce injuries and fatalities. Cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) safety applications will be effective only if a high fraction of vehicles are equipped. Deployment of V2V technology will be enhanced if it is available not only for manufacturing in new vehicles but also for retrofit to existing vehicles. The objective of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Retrofit Safety Device (CCV-RSD) Kit Project was to develop complete hardware and software that can be used in various brands and models of heavy trucks. The RSD kits provide the functionality needed for cooperative V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) safety applications to support the Model Deployment and other U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) connected vehicle projects. This project included testing and documentation needed for installation, operation, enhancement, and maintenance of the units. These retrofit kits were built so they could be installed in existing class 6, 7, or 8 trucks. The RSD kits achieved a V2V and V2I functionality similar to that of the Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck vehicles, where onboard equipment was integrated with newly manufactured truck tractors. An essential element of the developmental testing of these safety devices is the ability to record and examine the operation of the truck, its driver, and the safety system. This capability was provided by a Data Acquisition System (DAS) installed on each of the test vehicles. The DAS communicated with the RSD, the vehicle’s internal data bus, a set of accelerometers, and video cameras. It recorded all of the Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) transmitted by the RSD and the BSMs that the RSD received from other units. This document describes the design of the DAS, its specifications, and instructions for operating it.
KW  - Active safety systems
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Computers
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Retrofitting
KW  - Software
KW  - Trucking safety
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54407/109.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342143
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530900
AU  - Coleman, Drew M
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Advancing the Use of Streaming Media and Digital Media Technologies at the Connecticut Department of Transportation
PY  - 2014/03/27/Final Report
SP  - 92p
AB  - This final research report culminates a decade-long initiative to demonstrate and implement streaming media technologies at Connecticut Department of Transportation (CONNDOT). This effort began in 2001 during an earlier related-study (SPR-2231) that concluded in 2006. This study (SPR-2254) resumed from where the earlier one left-off. By project-end, the infrastructure was in place to support the production and delivery of higher-quality video presentations and webcasts. These are being routinely used for in-house training and for better-nforming the motoring public. In addition, a state-of-the-art broadcasting studio continues to be available for disseminating live-meetings and workshops via the web.
KW  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
KW  - Digital video
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Streaming technology (Telecommunications)
KW  - Training
KW  - Web applications
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/SPR_2254-_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315913
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577984
TI  - B&T2 EM-Bridge Technology Demonstrations/Construction Projects Technology Deployment

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Technology
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371351
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01570477
TI  - Support Services for Peer Exchanges
AB  - This Peer Exchange Project is intended to provide Research Programs with the option to procure services to help with the logistical and administrative aspects of organizing and holding a research, development &amp; technology (RD&amp;T) Peer Exchange, as described under 23 CFR 420.203.  Doing so will allow Research Programs to focus on the content of their peer exchange.  The Oregon Department of Transportation (DOT)will contract with a service provider. The service provider will offer a menu of support services including but not limited to the following: (1) Making travel and lodging arrangements for peer exchange panel participants; (2) Reimbursing travel expenses for peer exchange panel participants; (3) Meeting facilitation services including: a) Moderating and facilitating discussion during the peer exchange; b) Working with the host state to help identify activities to support meeting the objectives of the peer exchange; c) Coordinating and scheduling meeting participants; d) Providing a recording secretary to take notes and prepare meeting minutes; and e) Assisting with report preparation. (4) Rental of off- site meeting facilities; and (5) Catering.  Once a vendor is brought on board, any State Research Program (host state) planning a peer exchange may contact the vendor, describe the services they want the vendor to perform, and obtain a price quote. The price quote will largely determine that state's pooled fund contribution.  A project manager will be assigned at Oregon DOT. The host state will contact the project manager with the price quote. The project manager and the lead state will agree on a pooled fund contribution from the host state, based on the price quote plus a small administrative surcharge ($500) retained by Oregon to cover the project manager's time. The host state will then execute a fund transfer to the pooled fund account.  The project manager will execute a work order using the vendor's price quote to the host state as a statement of work. The vendor will perform the services under the direction of the lead state. Issues, changes and disagreements that arise between the vendor and the host state will be coordinated and resolved through the project manager.  After the Peer Exchange has concluded, the vendor will invoice the Oregon Project Manager (copying the host state) for the services provided. The Project Manager will pay the invoice only after review by and concurrence from the host state. Each host state will also be expected to prepare a short report, documenting the value of these services to their Peer Exchange. This information will be used to determine whether there is merit in continuation of these services under a new project number, after this project expires.
KW  - Administration
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Oregon Department of Transportation
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Peer groups
KW  - Procurement
KW  - Research
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/545
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1362118
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566819
TI  - TRB Core Program Services for a Highway RD&T Program - FFY 2014 (TRB FY 2015)
AB  - The objective of this project is to provide a mechanism for State transportation departments to support the Transportation Research Board's (TRB's) core program and services.
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Information services
KW  - Operations research
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation Research Board
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/542
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358536
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529460
AU  - Schmidt, Jennifer D
AU  - Reid, John
AU  - Faller, Ron
AU  - Sicking, Dean
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Dynamic Testing of a Non-Proprietary, High-Tension, Cable End Terminal System
PY  - 2014/03/21/Final Report
SP  - 94p
AB  - Two bogie tests were conducted on a high-tension cable end terminal to evaluate the performance of a new design. The main goals of the new design were to promote quick cable release times, to retain the cable release lever during impact, to sustain no permanent deformation, to have a stub height less than 4 in. (102 mm), and to provide more clearance around the cable anchorage fittings. In test no. HTCT-2, a 1,961-lb (844-kg) bogie vehicle impacted the cable end terminal at a speed of 52.8 mph (85.0 km/h) and an angle of 0 degrees, which is end-on to the terminal. The cable release lever was retained with the rotational joint, and three of the four cables released by 18 ms. However, the second cable did not release from the cable anchor bracket as desired. Minor permanent deformation was found in the cable release lever. In test no. HTCT-3, a 1,853-lb (841-kg) bogie vehicle impacted the cable end terminal at a speed of 51.1 mph (82.2 km/h) and an angle of 25 degrees. All cables released from the cable anchor bracket and the cable release lever was retained. However, the cable release times were later than desired and likely contributed to the bogie vehicle becoming airborne and subsequently rolling. Significant permanent deformation was found in the cable release lever.
KW  - Anchorages
KW  - Cables
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Design
KW  - Dynamic tests
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Median barriers
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51735/FinalReportSuppl21.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311880
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577731
TI  - PDA-3: Advanced Preservation of Concrete Pavements

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Preservation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370773
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01576061
TI  - Driver Behavioral Situational Awareness System (DB-SAM)

AB  - The research will attempt to automatically classify certain aspects of driver state (such as fatigue) or distraction due to a conversation using a handheld device (such as a cell phone). This will be done in part by continuously estimating the facial head pose of a driver to see if the driver is paying attention to the road and his/her surroundings. Other facial cues, such as mouth movement and eye movement, as well as whether the driver has both hands on the steering wheel, will be used to determine driver attentiveness. The proposed system will automatically detect “soft” biometric information about the driver, such as age, gender, ethnicity, glasses, etc.

KW  - Age
KW  - Awareness
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Distraction
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Fatigue (Physiological condition)
KW  - Gender
KW  - Smartphones
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/research/tfhrc/projects/projectsdb/projectdetails.cfm?projectid=FHWA-PROJ-14-0060
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370016
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01576058
TI  - DCode: A Comprehensive Automatic Coding System for Driver Behavior Analysis

AB  - The goal of this project is to develop a comprehensive automatic coding system: DCode. The code will pay attention to the context of various driving situations by extracting features related to driver behavior as well as to features related to the environment both inside and outside of the vehicle. The overall algorithm will include a multitiered feature-extraction pipeline with a behavior-agnostic core layer and more behavior-specific upper layers that share features with the core layer. The core layer will track all directly observable features, such as head pose, facial features, upper body, and hand positions, as well as pedestrian and vehicle locations. The upper layers will use these features to identify various actions and gestures, as well as monitor the driver’s state based on various machine-learning techniques. This architecture will make it straightforward to add new behavior detectors. The algorithms will be scalable, so they can be run on distributed processor architectures.

KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Coding systems
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Environment
KW  - Human factors
KW  - Human machine systems
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/research/tfhrc/projects/projectsdb/projectdetails.cfm?projectid=FHWA-PROJ-14-0012
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370013
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577134
TI  - Downdrag on Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) Piles Due To Liquefaction

AB  - The supplemental funding will support the continuation, data analysis, and documentation of additional field testing of continuous flight auger (CFA) pile downdrag in liquefaction conditions by Brigham Young University. The additional field testing includes axially loading the piles and blasting the site to represent pore pressure generation and dissipation due to liquefaction. Two reports will be developed as a result of this research, including an overview of the testing and an evaluation of methods to estimate downdrag due to liquefaction.

KW  - Augers
KW  - Axial loads
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Liquefaction
KW  - Piles (Supports)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370379
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577886
TI  - 2014-201 (PB) Pedestrian Focus States and Cities Technical Assistance

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Cities
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Technical assistance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371192
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577870
TI  - Size & Weight Laws Compilation

AB  - Prepare study required by Congress under Section 32802 of Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21).  

KW  - Laws and legislation
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)
KW  - Oversize loads
KW  - Overweight loads
KW  - Size and weight regulations
KW  - Trucks
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371143
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577887
TI  - 2014-215 (SM) FHWA Speed Management Program Action

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Management
KW  - Speed
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371193
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522227
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Federal Highway Administration Health in Transportation Working Group: 2013 Annual Report
PY  - 2014/03/07/Final Report
SP  - 10p
AB  - In 2012, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) established the Health in Transportation Working Group to examine the agency’s existing policies and programs and their impacts on health-related issues such as air quality, active transportation, environmental review, noise, safety, livable communities, and access to health-related facilities. After the first year, FHWA produced an internal report that summarized the accomplishments to date, identified related research and outreach activities, and provided direction for future Working Group products. This report provides an overview of the Working Group’s activities and accomplishments in 2013, summarizes other United States Department of Transportation (DOT) health-related accomplishments, documents its progress toward the recommendations laid out in the 2012  Annual Report, and offers findings and recommendations based on themes that the Working Group discussed in 2013. It is intended for a general audience.
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Health care facilities
KW  - Noise
KW  - Public health
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/health_in_transportation/workgroup/2013_annual_report/annual_rpt.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51600/51604/annual_rpt.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1304832
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01573307
TI  - Simplified SPT Performance-Based Assessment of Liquefaction and Effects
AB  - The objectives of this project are: (1) Derive new simplified performance-based procedure for liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, free-field post-liquefaction settlements, and Newmark seismic slope displacements.(2) Develop liquefaction parameter maps in geographic information system (GIS) format associated with each of the hazards included in objective 1 at return periods of 475 years, 1033 years, and 2475 years for each of the states participating in the study. (3) Evaluate the new simplified performance-based liquefaction procedures against conventional (i.e., American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)) liquefaction analysis procedures. (4) Develop a simplified design procedure that will allow the designer to envelope the performance-based and conventional results to select which result will govern the design.
KW  - Dislocation (Geology)
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Lateral supports
KW  - Liquefaction
KW  - Seismicity
KW  - Settlement (Structures)
KW  - Slope stability
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/538
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1366531
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577734
TI  - PDA-8: Advancing Sustainable Pavements

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Sustainable development
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370796
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577467
TI  - Pavement Safety Performance (PSP) Data Analysis Program

AB  - This project will integrate pavement performance databases with highway safety information systems, and analyze the data to develop crash modification factors and pavement management strategies that include safety.

KW  - Crash analysis
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Information systems
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavement performance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370729
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01613856
AU  - Daniel, Jo Sias
AU  - Bennert, Tom
AU  - Kim, Y Richard
AU  - Mogawer, Walaa
AU  - Congalton, Ashton
AU  - Mensching, David
AU  - Sabouri, Mohammadreza
AU  - Elwardany, Michael
AU  - University of New Hampshire, Durham
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - North Carolina State University, Raleigh
AU  - University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth
AU  - New Hampshire Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Plant Produced RAP Mixtures in the Northeast: Phase I Interim Report
PY  - 2014/03
SP  - 163p
AB  - Production of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures with higher percentages of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is gaining more attention as a way to save money and more efficiently utilize existing resources. Many state agencies and contractors are very comfortable using RAP percentages up to 20% by total weight of mixture. However, questions about low temperature and fatigue performance and the need to bump binder grades limit the amount of HMA that is produced with greater than 15-20% RAP in many areas of the northeast US. Phase I of this project included testing on 18 plant-produced mixtures from New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont that contained RAP contents of 0% to 40% by total weight of mixture. The objectives of this research project were to: (1) evaluate the performance in terms of low temperature cracking, fatigue cracking, and moisture sensitivity of plant produced RAP mixtures in the laboratory and field; (2) establish guidelines on when it is necessary to bump binder grades with RAP mixtures; and (3) provide further understanding of the blending that occurs between RAP and virgin binder in plant-produced mixtures. Extensive material characterization was performed on specimens that were compacted at the plant and specimens that were fabricated from reheated mixture in the laboratory. The performance grade and |G*| master curves of tank binders and binder extracted and recovered from the mixtures were determined. Mixture testing included dynamic modulus, uniaxial fatigue, beam fatigue, overlay tester, thermal stress restrained specimen test, low temperature creep and indirect tensile strength, hamburg wheel tracking device, tensile strength ratio, and workability. Where possible, mixture testing was conducted on plant compacted and reheated specimens for comparison.
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Blending
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Mix design
KW  - New Hampshire
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Northeastern United States
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Document/Download/6381
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1424366
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611966
AU  - Martin, Dennis
AU  - Hurst, Clayton
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of Pesticide Applicator Certification Schools and Continuing Education Workshops
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 17p
AB  - The Oklahoma Department of Transportation’s (ODOT) herbicide applicator training program consists of initial pesticide applicator training schools followed by independent Certification testing and then on-going yearly continuing education workshops. In support of this on-going effort three pesticide applicator initial certification schools were conducted by Oklahoma State University (OSU) extension staff in fall of 2012 to train a total of 128 ODOT participants. All of the attendees at these workshops took the Core as well as Right of Way Certification exams administered by the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food & Forestry (ODAFF). Seventy-nine percent (101 participants) passed both the Core and Category 6 (Right-of-Way) examinations to become Oklahoma Certified Pesticide Applicators. Fourteen Pesticide Applicator Continuing Education (CEU) Workshops were conducted by OSU extension staff across a total of eight ODOT Field Divisions in 2013 to provide 640 Certified Applicators with continuing education training. Records of participation in ODAFF approved CEU programs by ODOT personnel were furnished to ODAFF as well as the ODOT Field Divisions, the Maintenance Division Headquarters and the Planning and Research Division. Participation in CEU workshops resulted in granting of CEU credit to ODOT participants in the workshops. The ODOT participants also gained knowledge on various Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM) products, topics and techniques. This increase or maintained operational knowledge of the participants should insure continued effective vegetation management skills.
KW  - Certification
KW  - Education and training
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Vegetation control
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/60000/60300/60304/FHWA-OK-14-04_2156_Martin.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423498
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611963
AU  - Martin, Dennis
AU  - Hurst, Clayton
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Delivery of Calibration Workshops Covering Herbicide Application Equipment
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 12p
AB  - Proper herbicide sprayer set-up and calibration are critical to the success of the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) herbicide program. Sprayer system set-up and calibration training is provided in annual continuing education herbicide workshops offered by the Oklahoma State University (OSU) Roadside Vegetation Management ( RVM) Program. Although pesticide applicator continuing education (CEU) workshops are offered yearly, equipment calibration is not discussed in CEU workshops in the depth of detail that can be undertaken with on-site. Four ODOT herbicide applicator sprayer calibration workshops were conducted for ODOT in 2013. Sixty-five newly certified ODOT applicators received in-depth training on sprayer equipment calibration. The final decision regarding the capabilities of ODOT employees assigned to specific spray duties should continue to be made by supervisors familiar with each employee. The OSU-RVM professional staff also encourages supervisors and spray crews to thoroughly review spray system setup, annual spray application goals, specific target weed complexes, herbicides to be utilized and sensitive crop or sensitive area locations immediately prior to the beginning of each spray season. Participants in the joint project training effort are encouraged to attend annual pesticide applicator CEU workshops presented by the OSU-RVM Program.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Education and training
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
KW  - Sprayers
KW  - Vegetation control
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/60000/60300/60303/FHWA-OK-14-03_2156_Martin.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423493
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567440
AU  - Young, Rhonda
AU  - Milliken, Eric
AU  - Offei, Edward
AU  - University of Wyoming, Laramie
AU  - Wyoming Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving Traveler Information on Rural Corridors in Wyoming through the use of Intelligent Transportation Systems
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 130p
AB  - Using intelligent transportation systems to help report traveling conditions has been reserved for urban areas. The goal of this research was to help develop a new methodology for incorporating travel times calculated from intelligent transportation system (ITS) technology into Wyoming’s road and weather condition reporting system. Bluetooth sensors and speed sensors were used to measure travel times on I-80 between Cheyenne and Laramie, as well as WY-28 between Farson and Lander in Wyoming. From previous research, the distribution of travel times on I-80 show two distinct modes. Travel times from the WY-28 corridor were then calculated to determine if this trend was common with other rural highways. The next step in this research was to determine the best way to measure travel times on a rural corridor. Bluetooth sensor travel time data was compared to speed sensor travel time data. Then a travel time index was created for I-80 from one year of speed sensor data. This travel time index was then modeled with weather variables downloaded from road weather information system (RWIS) stations. Finally, a methodology for implementing and evaluating this new travel time reporting procedure was developed. The results of this research will help to improve the current condition reporting system by incorporating both physical conditions (slick in spots, high wind speed, etc.) with travel times. This will help all types of travelers to more accurately quantify the severity of traveling conditions.
KW  - Advanced traveler information systems
KW  - Bluetooth technology
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Wyoming
UR  - https://www.dot.state.wy.us/files/live/sites/wydot/files/shared/Planning/Research/FHWA 1403F RS07211 Rural Travel Time.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55100/55157/FHWA_1403F_RS07211_Rural_Travel_Time.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358315
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548555
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Crashworthiness and Protection of ITS Field Devices
PY  - 2014/03//Project Summary Report
SP  - 24p
AB  - Many Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) deployments include signs and other traffic control device displays that require locating them and other ITS components within the roadway clear zone. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) requires these devices to be crashworthy. Agencies wishing to deploy ITS devices within the clear zone are responsible for ensuring that the supporting structure and ITS device are crashworthy. The ENTERPRISE Pooled Fund Program completed a research project to document available resources to assist state, provincial, and local agencies in the process of designing and deploying crashworthy devices. This report summarizes the large number of resources available from federal and state agencies.
KW  - Crashworthiness
KW  - Government agencies
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Structural supports
KW  - Traffic control devices
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/crashworthy/Crashworthiness_Protection_ITS_Devices_Final_Rpt_March2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333222
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01545303
AU  - Kipp, Wendy
AU  - Sanborn, Devon
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Ennis Paint, Inc. Tyregrip High Friction Surface System
PY  - 2014/03
SP  - 24p
AB  - Unpredictable climatic conditions paired with the varying topography in Vermont have often resulted in dangerous roadway conditions. Statistics show that many fatalities occur in rural environments like Vermont. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has developed many strategies to address this issue. One experimental treatment that has been used is a high friction overlay known as Tyregrip. Key personnel at the Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTrans) chose to evaluate the treatment at a high crash location along VT Route 9 in the town of Woodford, Vermont in 2009. The treatment was placed on the westbound lane and shoulder at approximately mile marker (MM) 3.0, on October 8, 2009. Shortly after the installation Research personnel observed failures in the treatment, which required attention. In November 2009, the damaged sections were repaired by Ennis Paint, Inc and Total Highway Maintenance (THM). In July 2010, significant cracking and delamination failures were observed. It was determined a repair was needed however due to limited promoting weather conditions and inflexible schedules the repair was planned for the 2011 construction season. After an on-site meeting with VTrans Pavement Management, Materials and Research, and District 1 personnel it was determined that, the ideal repair would be to mill up and repave the section with asphalt pavement. Based on the limited evaluation period it is recommended that the treatment be installed at a different location in Vermont. The new trial location would preferably be on new pavement, where underlying cracking and/or distresses are not of concern to the performance of the treatment.
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Delamination
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Friction course
KW  - High risk locations
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Resurfacing
KW  - Tyregrip
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2014%20-%2002%20Ennis%20Paint%2C%20Inc.%20Tyregrip%20High%20Friction%20Surface%20System.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331983
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01545293
AU  - Ellis, Wendy
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Centerline Rumble-Stripes, Cambridge, Vermont
PY  - 2014/03
SP  - 28p
AB  - Centerline Rumble Stripes (CLRS) are a proven strategy for reducing head-on and opposite direction sideswipe crashes. They are also expected to be effective in run-off-road crashes where vehicles cross centerline prior to leaving the roadway, reducing lane drift due to distracted/fatigued driving and in reducing speed and off tracking in curved sections. CLRS are also expected to improve centerline visibility in wet pavement conditions and provide enhanced guidance during snow events. Throughout the state of Vermont (VT), the Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTrans) has successfully implemented CLRS as a means to reduce roadway hazards as listed, particularly in roadway sections where there are a record number of crashes, where there are higher speeds and where the daily traffic is moderately high. This has resulted in an emerging standard for rumble strips. On VT 104 in Cambridge, VT, VTrans installed rumble stripes as part of a highway-resurfacing project. The revised pattern was a series of closely spaced depressions with equal lengths of smooth and rutted surface. Due to a series of factors during construction, the typical rumble strip pattern was changed. The resulting sounds coming from the stripes proved to be unacceptable to the neighboring community. VTrans confirmed that sound levels were increased with the revised pattern. As a result, the Agency chose to remove the rumbles first by patching a certain number of rumbles to approximate the standard pattern; then when that proved unacceptable, the Agency completed the work by completely milling out the rumbles and repaving. This paper summarizes the field activities and observations.
KW  - Center lines
KW  - Resurfacing
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - Sound level
KW  - Tire/pavement noise
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2014%20-%2003%20Centerline%20Rumble%20Stripes%20-%20Cambridge%2C%20Vermont.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331982
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541430
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Colorado River Indian Tribes
AU  - Kimley-Horn and Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Field Data Services of Arizona, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2014 Strategic Long Range Transportation Plan for the Colorado River Indian Tribes: Working Paper 2- Plan for Improvements
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 146p
AB  - The Colorado River Indian Tribes (CRIT) Reservation spans the Colorado River and encompasses nearly 30,000 acres in Arizona (La Paz County) and California (San Bernardino and Riverside Counties). The purpose of this study is to prepare an updated Strategic Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) for the Colorado River Indian Tribes Reservation. The LRTP recommends transportation improvements for five-, 10-, and 20-year periods, incorporating both roadway and multimodal needs. Areas of key focus for the LRTP include road maintenance, safety programs, bicycle, pedestrian, and transit systems. The LRTP also identifies updates to the Tribal Transportation Inventory and functional classification systems to assist in expanding the level and types of funding available for transportation projects.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - California
KW  - Colorado River Indian Tribes
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Indian reservations
KW  - Long range planning
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Safety
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/utils/getfile/collection/statepubs/id/24494/filename/24787.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328258
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541418
AU  - Reed, Timothy R
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - LiDAR Testing Under Heavy Tree Canopy and in Steep Terrain
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 16p
AB  - The objective of this project was to evaluate the accuracy of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) for topographic information in support of a transportation project for the Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities (Department). In particular, accuracy in steep terrain and varied vegetative cover was evaluated. LiDAR acquisitions in Southeast Alaska were compared to real time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS) survey acquisition. Comparison of the LiDAR to ground survey showed significant differences for the Ketchikan to Shelter Cove project evaluated, this may be due to vertical datum issues, improper geoid model selection, post‐processing methods that were not sensitive enough, inaccurate GPS readings, improperly located GPS base stations, calibration report inaccuracy, and extremely thick vegetation canopy. By comparison, areas with less steep terrain, less dense vegetation, and better controlled LiDAR compared more favorably to the ground survey points.  
KW  - Accuracy
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Laser radar
KW  - Terrain
KW  - Topography
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52500/52586/fhwa_ak_rd_14_03.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1325140
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536070
AU  - Perkins, Robert A
AU  - Bennett, F Lawrence
AU  - Alaska University Transportation Center
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Preliminary Design of a Leadership Academy for the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Report to Management, Reviews and Discussions
PY  - 2014/03//Closure Report
SP  - 50p
AB  - All organizations, including such technically‐oriented organizations as the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (AK DOT&PF), have continuing needs for training of many types. Opportunities for self‐improvement are essential for technical professionals, for management professionals and for support personnel. These improvements help make a more competent workforce that, in the case of AK DOT&PF, can more effectively serve the Alaska public with projects and services. In 2012, the AK DOT&PF and the Alaska University Transportation Center (AUTC) funded a project, Design of a Leadership Academy for the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Report to Management, Reviews and Discussions, INE contract 13‐019, to work with the AK DOT&PF to develop the concept for the continued development of managers into effective leaders.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
KW  - Leadership
KW  - Personnel development
KW  - Training
UR  - http://ine.uaf.edu/autc/files/2014/04/Closure-REPORT-LEADERSHIP-ACADEMY-.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320871
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534425
AU  - Herold, Jamie M
AU  - Lowe, Zachary E
AU  - Dukes, Jeffrey S
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM) for INDOT Roadsides
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 33p
AB  - With over 90,000 miles of road in Indiana, it is important that adjoining vegetation be maintained for safety concerns, road structure maintenance and aesthetics. Mowing is currently the main form of vegetation management on Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) roadsides. Ever-increasing fuel costs and the high labor demand associated with mowing leads to millions of dollars spent on in-house and contract mowing cycles each year. Drastic cost reductions can be achieved by reducing mowing cycles through the incorporation of other management tools including herbicide and native plantings. This study provides data on six herbicide tank mixtures (Milestone/Escort; Milestone/Escort/Plateau; Perspective; Perspective/Plateau; Viewpoint/Streamline; and 2,4-D/Escort/Plateau) and two mowing cycles (one-cycle and two-cycle) at six sites across the state. All herbicide treatments decreased broadleaf cover better than mowing treatments. Herbicide treatments containing Plateau, a plant growth regulator that retards cool-season grass growth, had the shortest grass height. Herbicide mixtures without Plateau were still shorter than mowing plots due to the seedhead suppression qualities found in the selective broadleaf herbicides. A cost savings of over 40% is achieved with one application of herbicide in lieu of one cycle of mowing. Further cost savings can be achieved through the planting of native vegetation, which was the focus of the second portion of this project. Four native seed mixes (western wheat, short grass, tall grass and short grass with forbs) were analyzed for use on right-of-ways. Successful native plantings have reduced maintenance costs for many DOTs across the country by eliminating mowing and herbicide needs. Drought and persistent weeds at study sites resulted in a sparse covering of native species during the year after planting. This is not uncommon for native roadside planting studies since many native grass species require two to three growing seasons to establish.
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Integrated Roadside Vegetation Management
KW  - Mowing
KW  - Native plants
KW  - Plant growth regulators
KW  - Roadside
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Vegetation control
KW  - Weed control
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315210
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1319864
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01531900
AU  - Gillerman, Virginia S
AU  - Weppner, Kerrie N
AU  - Idaho Geological Survey
AU  - Idaho Transportation Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Lithologic Characterization of Active ITD Aggregate Sources and Implications for Aggregate Quality
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 241p
AB  - Aggregate from 40 material sources across Idaho were sampled and the lithologies identified quantitatively. Aggregate compositions are compared with commercial American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) T 303 and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1293 results and the geologic map of Idaho to identify those rock types and geographic areas most susceptible to alkali-silica reactivity (ASR). Petrography on I-84 concrete and the commercial and experimental mortar bars confirmed the conclusion that rhyolites from young Snake River Plain (SRP) volcanism as well as certain “siliceous quartzites” in the mid-SRP region have very high ASR potential. However, much of Idaho has ASR reactive aggregate. The geographic regions with the most consistent, lowest ASR values in aggregate are in the Boise and Payette River drainages.
KW  - AASHTO T 303
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Alkali silica reactions
KW  - ASTM C 1293
KW  - Geology
KW  - Idaho
KW  - Lithologic composition
KW  - Petrography
UR  - http://dot.idaho.gov/highways/research/archived/reports/RP212Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316823
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529397
AU  - Chien, Steven
AU  - Meegoda, Jay
AU  - Luo, Johnny
AU  - Corrigan, Paul
AU  - Zhao, Liuhui
AU  - New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Road Weather Information System Statewide Implementation Plan
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 123p
AB  - The objective of this project was to develop a plan for deploying a statewide Road Weather Information System (RWIS) to support both current New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) operations and future Maintenance Decision Support System (MDSS) applications. To develop the plan, various information and data sources were investigated, including the current condition of NYSDOT’s  RWIS network, potential RWIS station sites, data needed for supporting statewide MDSS applications, and New York State (NYS) meteorological zones. A Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based bi-level model was developed to optimize the RWIS network, considering contiguous segments having similar maintenance requirements and the associated characteristics (e.g., meteorology, traffic, etc.) that can affect the required road maintenance. Optimally, the recommended RWIS network shall provide and monitor  timely road weather condition for decision making by road maintenance agencies, which ultimately  leads to a higher level of service and reduced weather-related congestion delay and accidents, reduced cost, redundancy and environmental/ecological impacts, more efficient use of manpower, contractor services, fleet and asset management, and increased accountability resulting in prudent and efficient spending. It is expected that the proposed RWIS network in conjunction with NYSDOT’s MDSS will significantly reduce cost of road maintenance and increase safety, mobility, and productivity of, particularly in the adverse weather during winter time.
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - New York State Department of Transportation
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Weather conditions
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-11-54%20Final%20Report_4-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313476
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01527274
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Moulden, John V
TI  - FHWA’s R&T Agenda Addresses National Challenges
PY  - 2014/03
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Research and Technology (R&T) Program works to develop innovative programs to keep the nation’s highways functional and in a good state of repair. The FHWA R&T Agenda focuses on research to address six major national challenges: advancing safety, improving mobility, maintaining infrastructure integrity, enhancing performance, promoting sustainability, and preparing for the future. A new website from the FHWA showcases the agenda and serves as a platform for national collaboration, assisting stakeholders, colleagues, and the public in better understanding the R&T program and how it serves the nation.
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Mobility
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Websites (Information retrieval)
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14marapr/01.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310917
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01527273
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Gibson, Nelson
AU  - Sindlinger, Alicia
TI  - Pushing the Limits of Pavement
PY  - 2014/03
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
AB  - Pavement tests are a tool transportation agencies use to make decisions about new pavement technologies and investments. Testing helps agencies understand how materials and techniques will affect performance under varying conditions. The goal is to find potential benefits from alternative materials, design, or processes. One method used is full-scale accelerated pavement testing, which assess the performance of materials and techniques when simulating distresses observed throughout the pavement’s life cycle but in a significantly shorter period. Benefits of this method include cost savings and increased safety compared to working on roads open to traffic. A number of institutions around the United States are using this method to conduct tests.
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Savings
KW  - Testing
KW  - United States
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14marapr/02.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310918
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01527272
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - DeSimone, Anthony
AU  - Sullivan, John J
TI  - Where the Water Meets the Road
PY  - 2014/03
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
AB  - Ferry boats are an important transportation link in many communities. They often serve as an extension of highway systems and the infrastructure cost is generally lower than that of a major bridge. There is a wide variety of ferries in operation in the United States today. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) makes funding available through the Ferry Boat Program for various projects, including construction of boats and terminals and rehabilitation of existing facilities. Many ferry services have benefited from the Ferry Boat Program. Ferries continue to maintain mobility options for communities in a flexible and economically feasible way.
KW  - Ferry service
KW  - Ferry terminals
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14marapr/03.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310919
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01527271
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Kurland, Susan L
AU  - Fernuik, Heather
TI  - Making Inroads for Women in Transportation
PY  - 2014/03
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
AB  - The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) is working to attract more women to transportation professions. The increased participation of women in the labor market is often a significant stimulant of economic growth, and looming shortfalls in labor make it important to draw on all available talent. The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Women in Transportation initiative was launched at the 2011 APEC Transportation Ministerial Meeting, led by USDOT. The initiative collaborates across APEC economies to promote improved data gathering on women’s participation in transportation occupations, as well as exchanging best practices, tools, and resources for women in the profession. The initiative seeks to develop strategies to advance opportunities for women in transportation.
KW  - Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Economic growth
KW  - Females
KW  - Labor force
KW  - Labor market
KW  - U.S. Department of Transportation
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14marapr/04.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310920
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01527270
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Jennings, Thomas
AU  - Cloyed, Larry
AU  - Holland, Michelle
TI  - Traveling the Capital Beltway Is Now E-Zier
PY  - 2014/03
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
AB  - Interstate 495 in northern Virginia now features new express lanes that improve travel. The expansion of the road, known as the Capital Beltway, began in 2008, and included two high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes in each direction, as well as open-road electronic tolling and congestion-based dynamic pricing. Interstate 495 is one of the busiest commuter routes of Washington, DC, and the expansion eased traffic congestion. The project was developed under a public-private partnership and used a design-build approach, which helped allow for faster delivery. Virginia has additional plans to build express lanes for other highways.
KW  - Automated toll collection
KW  - Congestion pricing
KW  - Design build
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - Interstate 495
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Virginia
KW  - Washington (District of Columbia)
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14marapr/05.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310921
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01527268
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Scriba, Tracy
AU  - Atkinson, Jennifer
TI  - Creating Smarter Work Zones
PY  - 2014/03
VL  - 77
IS  - 5
AB  - Work zones for road construction often cause congestion. The roadwork and traffic occupy the same space because a large portion of highway construction involves improving existing roads. The proximity of traffic and construction has led to a high number of crashes in work zones. There are various technological tools that can help manage work zones to improve safety and efficiency. Agencies can incorporate technological solutions, including intelligent transportation systems (ITS) into their transportation management plans, which lay out strategies for work zone management. Work zone technologies can be used to manage speeds and traffic, monitor performance, prevent incidents, and provide traveler information, among other uses.
KW  - Crashes
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14marapr/06.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310922
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526283
AU  - Noland, Robert B
AU  - Hanson, Christopher S
AU  - Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Carbon Footprint Estimator, Phase II, Volume I – GASCAP Model
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 107p
AB  - The GASCAP model was developed to provide a software tool for analysis of the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the construction and maintenance of transportation projects. This phase  of development included techniques for estimating emissions from induced travel when a project involves a capacity expansion; a life-cycle maintenance module based on recommended procedures for maintaining a road surface over 50 years; an automated method for inputting construction equipment activity associated with selected project types; a method based on the Highway Capacity Manual for estimating emissions associated with project staging and the diversion of traffic around a worksite; methods for more easily updating emissions factors in the model; and, a variety of miscellaneous upgrades to account for SF6 emissions, upstream electricity emissions associated with asphalt, and incorporation of additional bid-sheet codes in the materials module. Four case studies to demonstrate the models usage were also conducted. These were: a large project case study (reconstruction of route 35 in Ocean County) that demonstrated the full capabilities of the model; a smaller project (route 47 resurfacing in Gloucester County) that focused on different staging options and the impact on emissions from traffic; an applied case study conducted in collaboration with New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) staff in the South Jersey regional office that focused on maintenance activities; and a demonstration of the relationship between the embodied fuel cost of a project and the GHG emissions. The software and related documentation is available for use on www.gascap.org and users are requested to upload any analysis results to provide information for further development of the software.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Construction equipment
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Software
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Appendices-GASCAP-PhaseII.pdf
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-GASCAP-PhaseII.pdf
UR  - https://dspace.njstatelib.org/xmlui/handle/10929/32276
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307324
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526258
AU  - Noland, Robert B
AU  - Hanson, Christopher S
AU  - Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Carbon Footprint Estimator, Phase II, Volume II – Technical Appendices
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 251p
AB  - The GASCAP model was developed to provide a software tool for analysis of the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the construction and maintenance of transportation projects. This phase  of development included techniques for estimating emissions from induced travel when a project involves a capacity expansion; a life-cycle maintenance module based on recommended procedures for maintaining a road surface over 50 years; an automated method for inputting construction equipment activity associated with selected project types; a method based on the Highway Capacity Manual for estimating emissions associated with project staging and the diversion of traffic around a worksite; methods for more easily updating emissions factors in the model; and, a variety of miscellaneous upgrades to account for SF6 emissions, upstream electricity emissions associated with asphalt, and incorporation of additional bid-sheet codes in the materials module. Four case studies to demonstrate the models usage were also conducted. These were: a large project case study (reconstruction of route 35 in Ocean County) that demonstrated the full capabilities of the model; a smaller project (route 47 resurfacing in Gloucester County) that focused on different staging options and the impact on emissions from traffic; an applied case study conducted in collaboration with New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) staff in the South Jersey regional office that focused on maintenance activities; and a demonstration of the relationship between the embodied fuel cost of a project and the GHG emissions. The software and related documentation is available for use on www.gascap.org and users are requested to upload any analysis results to provide information for further development of the software.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Construction equipment
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Software
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Appendices-GASCAP-PhaseII.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307326
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01523824
AU  - Wemple, Elizabeth
AU  - Wu, Daniel
AU  - Cambridge Systematics
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of the ADOT Small Area Transportation Studies and Planning Assistance for Rural Areas Programs
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 160p
AB  - The Planning Assistance for Rural Areas (PARA) program, sponsored by the Arizona Department of  Transportation’s (ADOT) Multimodal Planning Division (MPD), dedicates funding and staff to conduct  multimodal transportation planning studies for local jurisdictions. This research study’s goal was to  evaluate and refine ADOT’s PARA program to better meet the goals of both ADOT and its local jurisdictional partners. This study had four phases: database development and evaluation of  PARA studies from 2002 to 2012, peer state interviews and assessment of similar programs, in‐state surveys and interviews with key stakeholders, and PARA program evaluation and recommendations. The study found that overall,  PARA stakeholders were satisfied with the PARA program. Stakeholders stated that PARA programs provided resources for identifying needs and addressing issues that were not otherwise readily available to small communities with budget constraints. Based on the stakeholder assessment, this study made recommendations to strengthen ADOT’s ability to address diverse transportation planning issues,  streamline the PARA study process, and improve MPD’s interaction with PARA stakeholders.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Arizona Department of Transportation
KW  - Databases
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/az716.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307236
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522720
AU  - Vuksanovich, Brian
AU  - Wang, Xingwei
AU  - Youngstown State University
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Novel High Speed Fiber-Optic Pressure Sensor Systems
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 26p
AB  - The goal of this project is to develop a complete test of this technology for high-speed, high-accuracy applications, specifically cost-effective data acquisition techniques and practical mounting methods tailored for the subject environment. The secondary goal is to develop improvements to increase pressure capabilities to 500 MPa suggest manufacturing methods for sensor production. The testing will center on the high-speed and high pressure end of the performance envelope as this would provide information that is also useful for the slower and lower pressure applications.
KW  - Fiber optics
KW  - Pressure transducers
KW  - Prototype tests
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Speed
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://web.ysu.edu/gen/stem_generated_bin/documents/basic_module/Fiber_Optic_Sensor_Report__Final_1403252.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1304005
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522374
AU  - Schneider, Helmut
AU  - Sun, Xiaoduan
AU  - Kelle, Peter
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Inexpensive Crash Countermeasures for Louisiana Local Roads
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 116p
AB  - Although 40% of all crashes in Louisiana are on local roads, local road safety improvement programs have not received the attention needed to reduce crashes. Local road crash countermeasures are an important part of the overall efforts to reduce crashes and their severity in Louisiana. The efforts to develop a local road safety program are hampered by the lack of appropriate risk assessment that enables local agencies to reduce crashes using low cost countermeasures. This paper provides a methodology that can be used by local agencies to deploy countermeasures based on a risk assessment and optimization to meet a fixed budget. First, a statistical model is presented to assess the risk of local road segments taking into account average annual daily travel (AADT) and geometric features of the road segment or intersection. Secondly, low cost countermeasures are recommended for individual road segments and costs for improvements are assessed. Thirdly, a score which allows the ranking of road projects is developed for each road segment. This score incorporates the risk associated with the observed number of crashes, the benefits of improvements, and the total cost of a project. Finally, guidelines for a local road safety improvement program are presented to allow local agencies to institute procedures for a systematic system-wide road improvement methodology. The deliverables include an Excel application that uses online analytical  processing (OLAP) to obtain a ranking of candidates for road improvements. This application makes use of crash data, engineering features, and AADT to compute empirical Bayes (EB) estimates and tail probabilities for each road segment and intersection. Road segments and intersections with a tail probability below 5% are selected as candidates for countermeasures. These candidates are evaluated using Google Earth, countermeasures are suggested, and costs and benefits of the countermeasures are obtained using published information. The resulting road improvement projects are then ranked using multi criteria Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) including costs, benefits and crash risks.
KW  - Annual average daily traffic
KW  - Bayes' theorem
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Crash risk forecasting
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Local roads
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Traffic crashes
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/FR_503.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306462
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01522367
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Talebpour, Alireza
AU  - Mahmassani, Hani S
AU  - Northwestern University, Evanston
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effectiveness of Innovative Speed-Enforcement Techniques in
Illinois
PY  - 2014/03
IS  - 14-006
SP  - 108p
AB  - The effects of various police patrolling methods on the average speed and crash rate were studied in this report. The number of speeding citations under various enforcement strategies was also investigated. Two surveys were designed and conducted for this purpose, a pilot and a statewide study. The results show that speed enforcement had a statistically significant effect on reducing the average speed, which is more evident during the morning peak period. The average-speed analysis indicates the existence of time halo, as drivers maintain lower speeds for some period after enforcement stops. The minimum length of time halo was found to be at least 2 weeks. A methodology for the optimal allocation of enforcement resources is presented, along with recommendations for strategy selection and deployment.
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Periods of the day
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Speeding
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic citations
KW  - Traffic law enforcement
KW  - Traffic speed
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/48716
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1305308
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522348
AU  - Wisconsin Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Management of National Research Programs: WisDOT 2013 Research Peer Exchange
PY  - 2014/03
SP  - 28p
AB  - The Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) Research Program hosted a peer exchange on  October 15-16, 2013 in Madison, Wisconsin. Representatives from five states (Florida, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Utah and Washington) joined WisDOT staff to share experiences relating to effective participation in national research activities. Representatives from the Transportation Research Board (TRB) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) also participated in the peer exchange. This report presents the key observations from the peer exchange presentations and group discussions.
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Research management
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Wisconsin Department of Transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1303929
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522231
AU  - Alexiadis, Vassili
AU  - Sloboden, Jaimison
AU  - Cordahi, Gustave
AU  - VanGorder, Randall
AU  - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Guidance on the Level of Effort Required to Conduct Traffic Analysis Using Microsimulation
PY  - 2014/03
SP  - 96p
AB  - The purpose of this report is to provide guidance for analysts and modeling managers on successfully applying traffic simulation analyses. This report presents systematic ways to determine the appropriate scope and budget for traffic analysis efforts using microsimulation, resulting in better project and program decisions on transportation improvement projects. This report focuses on conducting traffic analysis for geometric and operation design projects during a typical day. This type of analysis is customarily performed during project development by State transportation departments and reviewed by U.S. Department of Transportation staff for interstate access and other related requirements. This report is consistent with the seven-step process outlined in Traffic Analysis Toolbox Volume III: Guidelines for  Applying Traffic Microsimulation Modeling Software. Considering that each transportation agency has unique needs and resources, this report can be used by any agency to develop its own framework for determining the level of effort. Putting into perspective the challenge of meeting the increasing needs of traffic analyses while keeping up with limited budgets, this report tackles different critical areas of those analyses by pinpointing best practices and identifying ways to tailor the level of effort invested to the  analysis expectations
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Microsimulation
KW  - Traffic simulation
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/operations/13026/13026.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1305804
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01520701
AU  - Cai, C S
AU  - Nair, Archana
AU  - Hou, Shuang
AU  - Xia, Miao
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development and Performance Evaluation of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bridge
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 222p
AB  - Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) have become more popular construction materials in the last decade due to the reduction of material costs. The installation and performance evaluation of the first FRP-wrapped balsa wood bridge in Louisiana is described in this document. A comprehensive instrumentation and loading test scheme is discussed and details are illustrated. The selected bridge structure in this demonstration project will potentially provide a new approach to enhancing the transportation infrastructure in Louisiana. The test bridge is the Pierre Part Bridge located on route LA 70 in Assumption Parish, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) District 61. The instrumentation consisted of regular strain gauges, fiber optic strain and temperature sensors, accelerometers, and acoustic emission sensors. The measured results from each of the gauges are summarized, and comparisons are made between the finite element models of the bridge structure and the field test results. Before placing the instrumentation on the field bridge, extensive laboratory explorations and numerical analysis were conducted and the research results have been documented in this report. Several years after the bridge had been opened to traffic, a delamination in one of the panels was observed. The deck was removed and replaced with a new deck grating. After a visual inspection and discussion with the fabricator, it turned out that a shifting on the top FRP surface in one of the panels occurred while the panel was being infused with epoxy. There is a good reason that less epoxy was infused after the rearranging of the FRP stop surface was carried out, and this could have led to the delamination problem.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Fiber reinforced polymers
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Louisiana
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_472.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1303625
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01520473
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - An FHWA Special Study: Post-Tensioning Tendon Grout Chloride Thresholds
PY  - 2014/03
SP  - 8p
AB  - Since the 1970s, the number of pre-tensioned and post-tensioned (PT) concrete bridge structures utilizing high-strength seven-wire strands has increased steadily. For bonded PT tendons, the grout functions as the last layer of corrosion protection for the highly stressed seven-wire strands by providing a high pH environment to form a protective oxide film on the strand surface and also acting as a physical barrier to water, oxygen, and chloride ions. Corrosion of strands initiates when the protective oxide film is compromised due to chloride attack or carbonation of the surrounding grout upon exposure to water and air.  A recent discovery of a grout product with elevated levels of chloride used in a PT concrete straddle cap located in Corpus Christi, Texas, resulted in a full investigation of a potential corrosion problem. There is limited information reported in the literature pertaining to the chloride threshold of the PT tendons. As chloride information is needed to assess corrosion risk of the PT bridges containing the chloride contaminated grout, the Federal Highway Administration sponsored a 6-month accelerated corrosion testing program to determine chloride threshold(s) of PT strands exposed to chloride-contaminated grout. This TechBrief explains how two chloride threshold values of 0.4 and 0.8 percent by weight of cement were determined for corrosion initiation and corrosion propagation, respectively, using supporting test results.
KW  - Chloride content
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Corrosion tests
KW  - Grout
KW  - Posttensioning
KW  - Tendons (Materials)
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14040/14040.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302794
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519005
AU  - Sneed, Lesley
AU  - Anderson, Neil
AU  - Torgashov, Evgeniy
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Center for Transportation Infrastructure and Safety/NUTC program
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Nondestructive Evaluation of MoDOT Bridge Decks – Pilot Study
PY  - 2014/03//Final Report
SP  - 194p
AB  - This research has examined the use of nondestructive techniques for concrete bridge deck condition  assessments. The primary nondestructive testing/evaluation (NDT/NDE) technique utilized in this research was ground-coupled ground penetrating radar (GPR). The objectives of this research were to examine the  utility of the nondestructive techniques in evaluating the condition of Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) bridge decks to enable faster, better, and more cost-effective bridge deck assessments, and to determine the accuracy of the information provided. Eleven bridge decks were investigated using detailed visual inspections, GPR, portable seismic property analyzer (PSPA), core extraction, and chloride ion concentration measurements. The cores underwent a detailed visual evaluation and testing to determine the volume of permeable pore space. Data sets were compared to determine correlations between the results. Three of the bridge decks investigated underwent rehabilitation by hydrodemolition after the initial investigation, and concrete material removal was surveyed using lidar to evaluate the NDE estimations. Good correlation was observed qualitatively. Areas of the decks where the GPR interpretations indicated evidence of extensive deterioration generally corresponded to areas with greater concrete material removal depths after hydrodemolition, and areas where the GPR interpretations indicated no evidence of deterioration generally corresponded to areas with minimal concrete removal. Findings suggest that the correlation between the GPR interpretations and concrete removal depths can be improved quantitatively by adjusting the GPR threshold values used in the interpretation, although the major challenge will be to understand how to determine the threshold values without having the benefit of the control data. Finally, recommended parameters are provided for ground-coupled GPR data acquisition, processing, and interpretation.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Ground penetrating radar
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1308/cmr14-010.pdf
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1308/GPR_Data/
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1308/Videos/
UR  - http://transportation.mst.edu/media/research/transportation/documents/R311%20Final%20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301935
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530968
AU  - Volz, Jeffery S
AU  - Khayat, Kamal H
AU  - Arezoumandi, Mahdi
AU  - Drury, Jonathan
AU  - Sadati, Seyedhamed
AU  - Smith, Adam
AU  - Steele, Amanda
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) for Infrastructure Elements
PY  - 2014/02/28/Final Report
SP  - 43p
AB  - With a growing demand for new construction and the need to replace infrastructure stretched beyond its service life, society faces the problem of an ever-growing production of construction and demolition waste. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) estimates that two billion tons of new aggregate are produced each year in the United States. This demand is anticipated to increase to two and a half billion tons each year by 2020. With such a high demand for new aggregates, the concern arises of the depletion of current sources of natural aggregates and the availability of new sources. Similarly, construction waste produced in the United States is expected to increase. From building demolition alone, the annual production of construction waste is estimated to be 123 million tons (FHWA). Currently, this waste is most commonly disposed of in landfills. To address both the concern of increasing demand for new aggregates and increasing production of waste, many states have begun to recognize that a more sustainable solution exists in recycling waste concrete for use as aggregate in new concrete, or recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). This solution helps address the question of how to sustain modern construction demands for aggregates as well as helps to reduce the amount of waste that enters already over-burdened landfills. Many states have begun to implement recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in some ways in new construction. For instance, forty-one states have recognized the many uses of RCA as a raw material, such as for rip-rap, soil stabilization, pipe bedding, and even landscape materials. Thirty-eight states have gone a step further in integrating RCA into roadway systems for use as aggregate course base material. However, only eleven states have begun using RCA in Portland cement concrete for pavement construction. Furthermore, at the start of this research project, there were no acceptable standards or guidelines in the U.S. for utilizing RCA in structural concrete.The objective of this research was to determine the implications of using RCA in the production of new concrete. Specifically, the study evaluated the fresh and hardened properties, durability, and structural behavior of concrete containing RCA and, based on these results, developed guidelines on its use in infrastructure elements for Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT).
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Concrete aggregates
KW  - Durability
KW  - Fresh concrete
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Structural analysis
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1317/cmr14-014.pdf
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1317/cmr14-014A.pdf
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1317/cmr14-014B.pdf
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1317/cmr14-014C.pdf
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1317/cmr14-014D.pdf
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1317/cmr14-014E.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52179/cmr14-014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52179/cmr14-014A.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52179/cmr14-014B.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52179/cmr14-014C.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52179/cmr14-014D.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52179/cmr14-014E.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315400
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577971
TI  - CM2 EM- Bridge Technology Demonstration Construction Project Technology Deployment


AB  - Execution of Option Years for Support Contract.

KW  - Bridges
KW  - Construction
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Technology
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371321
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577144
TI  - Scour Evaluation Studies: Scour in Cohesive Soils and Ex Situ Scour Testing Device - Phase II

AB  - The study extends the recently completed research on this subject. The completed study looked only at a tight range of soil properties and reviewers recommended to move forward with additional research to cover a larger range of cohesive soils. The results of this research will also benefit the new scour design concept based on “Hydraulic Loading and Soil Resistance” to determine the critical soil resistance for cohesive soil layers.

KW  - Cohesive soils
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Scour
KW  - Soil remediation
KW  - Soil tests
KW  - Soil types
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370406
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547344
TI  - Guide for Identifying, Classifying, Evaluating, and Mitigating Truck Freight Bottlenecks
AB  - <div><strong>BACKGROUND</strong></div> <div><br /> Bottlenecks, situations in which the performance or capacity of an entire system is severely limited by a single component, delay large numbers of truck freight shipments and negatively impact the nation's economy and productivity. As the domestic freight ton-miles traveled by truck is expected to increase by 53% in 30 years, reducing truck bottlenecks will be a major solution for increasing truck freight efficiency and reliability. In addition, Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21) requires states to report on how they are addressing freight bottlenecks. To address this issue, national, state, and regional transportation agencies need sound methodologies to define, identify, quantitatively measure, and mitigate truck bottlenecks to justify the mitigation of the bottlenecks. Without such methodologies, transportation agencies will be unable to address truck freight bottleneck issues systematically. Fixing one location may simply shift the bottleneck to another location on the network, with no improvement to the overall corridor performance. Without defining and describing bottlenecks by categories based on causal and contributing factors, decision makers will be unable to develop cost-effective solutions to address different types of truck freight bottlenecks.</div> <div>Several national and regional studies have identified and quantified truck bottlenecks, including the FHWA Freight Bottleneck Study, FHWA Freight Performance Measure Program, and INRIX Traffic Scorecard. However, these studies either defined truck bottlenecks as congestion related or did not develop a comprehensive classification of truck bottleneck categories. In addition, the measures to quantify bottleneck severity were developed to capture congestion impacts or delays and are unable to measure the impact of other types of bottlenecks, such as vehicle size and weight restrictions, intermittent closures, roadway geometrics, height restrictions, weather restrictions, hazardous materials routing, and truck bans. There is a need for a comprehensive classification of truck freight bottleneck types that provides a standard approach for state DOTs, MPOs, and other practitioners to define truck freight bottlenecks and quantify their impacts.</div> <div><strong><br /> OBJECTIVE</strong></div> <div><br /> The objective of this research is to develop a guide that (1) classifies truck freight bottleneck categories based on causal and contributing factors (e.g., roadway geometrics, regulatory constraints, traffic controls, weather, and border crossings); (2) describes quantitative measures for each truck freight bottleneck category to determine bottleneck severity, impact, and ranking; (3) develops a scalable methodology for systematically identifying truck freight bottlenecks and evaluating their impact on local, regional, and national network performance; and (4) describes a range of options for solving or mitigating truck freight bottlenecks.</div> <div> </div> <div>Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks.</div> <div><strong><br /> TASKS</strong></div> <div><em><br /> (1)</em>. Conduct a review of current practices and measures used to identify truck freight bottlenecks; typologies used to classify the types of truck freight bottlenecks; criteria used to evaluate the types of bottlenecks; and steps that have been taken to mitigate various types of bottlenecks. <em>(2)</em>. Based on the results of Task 1, identify gaps, conflicts, and overlaps among current practices. <em>(3). </em>Prepare a technical memorandum providing the results of Tasks 1 and 2.<em>(4). </em>Conduct a conference call with NCHRP to discuss the Task 3 technical memorandum. <em>(5). </em>Develop a classification of truck freight bottleneck categories based on causal and contributing factors (e.g., roadway geometrics, regulatory constraints, traffic controls, weather, hazardous materials routing, and border crossings). Develop methods (including data and tools as appropriate) for quantitatively measuring truck freight bottlenecks within each of the categories. Develop a scalable methodology for systematically identifying truck freight bottlenecks and evaluating their impacts on local, regional, and national network performance. Develop a range of options for solving or mitigating truck freight bottlenecks for each identified category.<em>(6). </em>Within 6 months, prepare an interim report that provides the results of Tasks 1 through 5, a detailed outline of the guide, and a list of 25 candidate participants (e.g., state DOTs, MPOs, other jurisdictions, shippers, trucking companies) for the Task 8 workshop. <em>(7). P</em>repare the guide that (1) classifies truck freight bottleneck categories based on causal and contributing factors (e.g., roadway geometrics, regulatory constraints, traffic controls, weather, and border crossings); (2) describes quantitative measures for each truck freight bottleneck category to determine bottleneck severity, impact, and ranking; (3) develops a scalable methodology for systematically identifying truck freight bottlenecks and evaluating their impact on local, regional, and national network performance; and (4) describes a range of options for solving or mitigating truck freight bottlenecks. <em>(8)</em>. Conduct a 1.5-day workshop at the National Academies Beckman Center in Irvine, California (including invited attendees and panel members) to demonstrate the applicability of the guide to its primary users. NCHRP will be responsible for all meeting and hotel logistics, travel expenses for participants, confirmation of attendance, and expenses related to meals and lodging. The contractor will be responsible for covering all other costs, such as their own travel expenses, invitations, agenda, electronic presentations, and handout materials. <em>(9).</em> Based on the results of the workshop, revise the guide as needed. <em>(10)</em>. Prepare final deliverables that include: (1) a final report documenting the entire research effort and (2) the revised guide.</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>STATUS</strong>: Research underway. </div>
KW  - Bottlenecks
KW  - Classification
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Impacts
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - Trucking
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3640
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334517
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577973
TI  - IC1 EM-Support to Increase Institutional Capacity and Develop Reporting on Infrastructure Performance (3.1.1.22)

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Reports
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371328
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547549
TI  - A Guide to Agency-Wide Knowledge Management for State Departments of Transportation
AB  - The knowledge that any organization possesses is a valuable asset to be applied in pursuit of the organization's mission. That knowledge resides in the organization's staff and in myriad files, manuals, databases, and other forms distributed throughout the organization. State departments of transportation (DOTs) rely on their knowledge to pursue their mission, the management of a complex system of facilities and services that supports our nation's economy and quality of life. The DOTs face many challenges to effectively maintaining and applying their knowledge assets. For example, employees depart through retirements, downsizing, and reorganization; and physical and electronic information resources become inaccessible or underutilized because of technology change or loss of staff. Failures to take advantage of experience reduce organizational productivity. The changing character of the workforce has made old techniques for knowledge capture and transfer less effective. The changing mission of the DOT raises needs for new knowledge. Leaders at all levels, faced with urgent competing demands, cannot focus on strategic issues of knowledge management. Knowledge management (KM) comprises the set of principles, strategies, and practices used by an organization to identify, generate, collect, organize, preserve, disseminate, share, and apply critical knowledge in pursuit of the organization's strategic mission. Effective KM makes knowledge available to the people who can use it, when they need it, and helps them understand why and how the information can be useful. KM uses a variety of practices and tools to help an organization avoid knowledge loss; promote knowledge capture, preservation, and sharing; and facilitate access to useful knowledge and its application to pursuing the organization's mission. While some agencies have adopted some KM practices and tools, most DOTs have not applied an agency-wide perspective in strategically managing their knowledge resources. Few have kept pace with new techniques and tools developed to support agency-wide KM. Research is needed to describe clearly, comprehensively, and engagingly the value of DOT-wide knowledge management and the strategies, techniques, and tools agencies can use to retain, enhance, manage, and use their knowledge assets. The objective of this research is to develop a guide to the fundamentals of agency-wide knowledge management for state departments of transportation (DOTs). The guide shall describe at a minimum (a) the meaning of agency-wide KM and motivations for its application within a state DOT context; (b) typical KM strategies and processes for developing an agency-specific strategy; (c) steps in developing an agency-wide KM plan and the roles of state DOT leadership and staff in the plan development and execution; (d) performance measures and procedures for assessment of KM effectiveness; and (e) the key points underlying successful agency-wide KM. The guide will inform state DOT leadership and staff on the benefits of KM and assist them in sustainably applying KM in their agencies. The research will be conducted in 3 phases: (1) scoping, (2) guide development, and (3) guide completion.  PHASE 1: Scoping - Task 1. Project kickoff. Meet with the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) project panel via teleconference to discuss technical issues to be addressed in the research and the projects work plan. Prepare and deliver a memorandum documenting the discussions and any significant decisions made. Task 2. Annotated outline and outreach plan. Deliver Working Paper 1 presenting an annotated outline for the guide, a brief description of supplemental and supporting materials to be assembled with the guide, a concept map describing how the guide and supporting materials will be organized and presented to the guide's users, and a proposed communication and outreach plan for the guide's dissemination. Working Paper 1 shall include a clearly defined listing of guide elements to be developed in various tasks under Phase 2. Task 3. Interim meeting. Meet in person with the NCHRP project panel to discuss Working Paper 1 and related matters. Prepare and deliver a memorandum documenting the discussions and any significant decisions made. Task 4. Revised annotated outline and outreach plan. Revise Working Paper 1 to address Task 3 discussions. If necessary, prepare a revised project schedule.  Secure NCHRP approval before proceeding with Phase 2. PHASE 2: Guide Development - Task 5. Draft initial guide text and support elements. Based on the outline and approved listing developed in Phase 1, prepare text and supporting materials for the initial elements of the guide. Deliver these elements for NCHRP review and comment. Task 6. Draft remaining guide text and support elements. Based on the outline and approved listing developed in Phase 1, prepare text and supporting materials for the elements of the guide not prepared under Task 5. Deliver these elements for NCHRP review and comment. Task 7. Prepare full draft guide text and support elements. Revise materials prepared under Tasks 5 and 6 and assemble these revised materials to present the complete guide content. Secure NCHRP approval before proceeding with Phase 3. PHASE 3: Guide Completion - Task 8. Draft guide. Using materials approved in Task 7, design and produce a complete draft guide with appropriate graphics, hyperlinking, and other devices to facilitate user access and response. Deliver 25 copies each of the printed guide and disk with the guide and supporting materials. Task 9. Final guide. Consider NCHRP comments on the Task 8 guide and supporting materials. Make revisions as appropriate and prepare a memorandum documenting responses to those comments. Deliver the memorandum and 25 copies of the printed guide and supporting disk.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Knowledge
KW  - Knowledge management
KW  - Management
KW  - Organizational effectiveness
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic planning
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3666
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334986
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577970
TI  - CM1-EM Identify, Develop and Deploy Innovative Technologies


AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Design
KW  - Development
KW  - Identifiers
KW  - Structures
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371320
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01576060
TI  - DMask: A Reliable Identity Masking System for Driver Safety Video Data

AB  - The research consists of developing a four-layered processing framework to detect and track facial features (if possible); to detect the head in the remaining frames; to replace the head with an avatar in all frames; and to evaluate the confidence of the identity masking. A graphical user interface will be developed that a person can use to verify success. The implementation of the four-layered processing consists of nine tasks: (1) collect samples of videos from the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2) 24-car (SHRP2-24) study dataset and retrain the face detector; (2) track and extract facial features from the SHRP2-24 data by looking at relative movements of tracked facial points; (3) track and extract face and head pose from the SHRP2-24 data using the random sample consensus (RANSAC) method and a three-dimensional (3D) face model; (4) develop and apply the capability to track eye gaze without an infrared (IR) camera and with low-resolution video, which will be developed and applied to the SHRP2-24 dataset using an adaptive appearance-based eye gaze estimation method; (5) develop a method to interpolate head position in frames that the tracker missed using dense-trajectory-based interpolation methods and apply it to the SHRP2-24 data; (6) develop the capability to synthesize facial motion on a computer-generated avatar; (7) develop the capability to render avatars over the videos at the appropriate head location for identity masking; (8) develop a method to detect (not mask) nonfacial elements that obscure the face using fine-grained alpha-mask extraction; and (9) develop a graphical user interface (GUI) tool to obtain confidence of masking over the entire video, which will also allow a user to quickly view the lowest confidence frames in the masked video.

KW  - Data collection
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Face
KW  - Graphical user interfaces
KW  - Identification systems
KW  - Random sampling
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
KW  - Video
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/research/tfhrc/projects/projectsdb/projectdetails.cfm?projectid=FHWA-PROJ-14-0054
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370015
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518972
AU  - Henault, John W
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Self-Consolidating Concrete: A Synthesis of Research Findings and Best Practices
PY  - 2014/02/14/Final Report
SP  - 30p
AB  - The Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) currently permits the use of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) technology on a limited basis for precast drainage structures, barriers and retaining walls. These include but are not limited to catch basins, manholes, culverts, retaining walls, and barrier curbs. At this time, ConnDOT does not permit the use of SCC for prestressed concrete applications, such as for bulb-tee girders, box beams and deck slabs; and does not permit its use for cast-in-place applications.  This study was conducted in order to help facilitate the specification of SCC technology by the ConnDOT. This included visiting precast plants that produce concrete products for ConnDOT and observing their practices, conducting a literature review on SCC, and summarizing a Research Advisory Committee survey  conducted by the Missouri Department of Transportation appropriate to ConnDOT specifications. Based upon the findings of the study, it is recommended herein that ConnDOT’s SCC specification continue to be limited to precast concrete applications not involving any prestressed elements. Once ConnDOT implements a more rigorous SCC specification and acceptance process involving the use of more workability tests, ConnDOT should consider pilot projects for precast/prestressed bridge elements and cast-in-place concrete construction.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Connecticut
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Precast concrete
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Self compacting concrete
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/CT-2255-F-12-4_SCC_-_A_Synthesis_of_Research_Findings_and_Best_Practices.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301906
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566184
TI  - Successful Practices in Weigh-in-Motion Data Quality Assurance
AB  - Arizona's Department of Transportation (ADOT's) ability to capture and record the axle weights and gross vehicle weights of commercial vehicles as they travel on roadways, known as weigh-in-motion (WIM), will soon be enhanced by the purchase and installation of equipment that will create approximately 23 WIM stations over the next year, with the hope of eventually installing up to 60. The stations will comprise piezoelectric quartz sensors of two types: The majority will be Measurement Specialties, Inc. "Brass Linguini," which ADOT chose because of their moderate cost and familiarity to staff, and a much smaller number will be a model made by Kistler. The deployment of these stations will allow ADOT to better determine the weight tolerances to which pavement should be designed, to pursue targeted enforcement of weight violations, to enhance its analysis of freight traffic through travel demand modeling, and to expand the ability to collect other traffic data, such as vehicle classification and speed. ADOT's WIM stations will be installed in areas of significant temperature variation and on rural highways with low traffic volumes. However, an informal poll by ADOT of WIM staff from neighboring states suggests that piezoelectric sensors can be inaccurate at low temperatures, are untested at sustained high temperatures, and can be self-calibrated through WIM hardware only at high-traffic volumes. As a result, adding the piezoelectric WIM stations to the department's traffic data collection network will require obtaining clear recommendations for the best calibration methods, skilled maintenance, and quality assurance of large amounts of data. At least two new staff members will be needed to manage and analyze the data that will be collected, including scrubbing it after it is collected and calibrating it against certain known-weight objects, such as the front axles of certain classes of trucks.
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Freight traffic measurement
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quartz-piezoelectric weigh in motion sensors
KW  - Speed data
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Vehicle classification
KW  - Weigh in motion
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357355
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529387
AU  - Schneider, Allison J
AU  - Rosenbaugh, Scott K
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Sicking, Dean L
AU  - Lechtenberg, Karla A
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Safety Performance Evaluation of Weak-Post, W-Beam Guardrail Attached to Culvert
PY  - 2014/02/12/Final Report
SP  - 180p
AB  - A new W-beam guardrail system for use on low-fill culverts was developed and evaluated. The system was adapted from the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) bridge railing for attachment to the outside face of culvert headwalls. Four attachment concepts were developed and evaluated through dynamic component testing. Both lateral and longitudinal impacts were conducted on the design concepts while mounted to a simulated concrete culvert headwall. The resulting damage from each test was confined to post bending only. Although all four designs prevented damage to the socket assembly and culvert headwall, the top-mounted, single-anchor design and the side-mounted design were recommended for use based on ease of fabrication and installation. The new weak-post, W-beam guardrail system for attachment to low-fill culverts was designed with multiple advantages over current culvert treatments. The guardrail system is mounted to the outside face of the headwall, thereby minimizing intrusion over the culvert and maximizing the traversable roadway width. The barrier has an unrestricted system length and does not require a transition when attached to standard MGS. Additionally, the attachment configurations were designed utilizing epoxy anchors, enabling the system to be installed on new or existing culverts. Finally, implementation guidance was provided for new system installations.
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Design
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Midwest Guardrail System
KW  - Structural connection
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51736/FinalReportSuppl32.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311882
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522228
AU  - Peev, Hristo
AU  - Guter, Michael
AU  - Fleckenstein, John
AU  - Belz, Scott
AU  - Abbate, Stephen
AU  - URS Corporation
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Re-Examination of the 1994 and Subsequent Sewer and Culvert Installations of Various Pipe Types, Sizes and Depths
PY  - 2014/02/12/Final Report
SP  - 157p
AB  - In 1994 the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) initiated a sewer and culvert condition research conducted at various locations throughout Southeast and Southwest Michigan to review the performance of concrete, plastic and metal pipe that varied in diameter from 12 in. to 24 in. The present research, conducted in 2011, re-evaluated the current condition of pipe included in the 1994 study and expanded the study scope by adding new sewer pipe locations and 36 in. diameter pipe. The inspection in 2011 added laser profiling and micrometer measuring to the traditional Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) and mandrel inspection methods used in 1994. The inspection and video results from 1994 were compared to the inspection and video results from 2011. The research evaluated the test pipe performance and made recommendations about pipe installation methods, use of mandrel testing versus laser profiling and application of laser micrometer measurement of pipe anomalies. The research evaluated several laser profiling and CCTV devices and their operation in sewers and culverts. Recommendations were made for updating the current MDOT laser profiling specification and implementing laser profiling in MDOT’s practice.
KW  - Closed circuit television
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Installation
KW  - Lasers
KW  - Michigan
KW  - Micrometers
KW  - Pipe
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Sewers
UR  - http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mdot/RC-1569_451946_7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1303875
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01580929
AU  - Guo, Feng
AU  - Fang, Youjia
AU  - Antin, Jon
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Older Driver Fitness-to-Drive Metrics and Driving Risk Using Naturalistic Driving Study Data
PY  - 2014/02/11/Final Report
SP  - 48p
AB  - In this study, the authors evaluated the relationship between older drivers’ fitness assessment profiles and their driving risk, represented primarily by crash and near-crash (CNC) rate, and secondarily by high g-force (HGF) event rate, all recorded during a naturalistic study of senior drivers. Due to the relatively small sample size in this pilot investigation (20 primary drivers), principal component analysis was used for dimension reduction and classification of the 60 total fitness profile metrics. Negative binomial regression models were employed to model the CNC and HGF events. The results indicated that contrast sensitivity measures were significantly associated with CNC rate. The greater the sensitivity, the lower the CNC rate, as would be the expected nature of that association. In the HGF event analysis, the authors found that CNC rate was positively related to HGF rate. The fitness metric contrast sensitivity was also related to HGF event rate. In addition, two metrics related to metacognition, a measurement of one’s perception of one’s own cognitive status, were associated with HGF event rate. Higher HGF rates were associated with greater self-rating of cognitive status as well as greater disparities between that same self-rating and an objective metric of cognitive status. The results of this study provide crucial information on the metrics and protocols which could be applied by motor vehicle departments, physicians, occupational therapists, Certified Driving Rehabilitation Specialists, and others for whom determining seniors’ fitness to drive is an important component of their work. Further, these results can be further investigated and validated using the much larger database of senior driver data collected in the Second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) Naturalistic Driving Study
KW  - Aged drivers
KW  - Automatic data collection systems
KW  - Cognition
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Fitness to drive
KW  - Metrics (Quantitative assessment)
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Risk assessment
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54824
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1373462
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577981
TI  - APM1 EM- Establish and Administer Performance (3.1.1.14)

AB  - The objective of this research project is to collect and process pavement condition.

KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Pavement Condition Index
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement maintenance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371346
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543510
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on the Environment. Task 95. SCOE Strategic Plan and Research Plan for SCOE Areas of Interest
AB  - The goal of this research is to create a new strategic plan for the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standing Committee on the Environment (SCOE) and its four subcommittees--Environmental Process, Cultural and Community Concerns, Natural Resources, and Air Quality, Energy, and Climate Change.  Secondly, the objective is to produce white papers showing research road maps for the 4 SCOE subcommittees.
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Energy conservation
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Natural resources
KW  - Strategic planning
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3724
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1330957
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01548881
TI  - Web-based Traffic Data Visualization and Analysis Tools
AB  - The objective of this proposed project is to develop an on-line user friendly truck weigh in motion (WIM) data tool where it offers data quality review and control functions, data visualization capabilities and analysis, and data output controls to meet pavement design, freight analysis, and truck weight and load trend analysis.
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Truck traffic
KW  - Visualization
KW  - Weigh in motion
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/516
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1336356
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577145
TI  - Hazard Mitigation Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ)Contract

AB  - The scope of this contract includes conducting research in the area of bridge vulnerabilities to single or multiple hazards, development of the mitigation and adaptation countermeasures including materials for existing and new structures, development of the next generation of analysis and design tools, and methodologies to address extreme events, assessment of the condition and health of bridge networks after extreme events, and materials research to develop resilient systems. Extreme event loads include both natural hazards, such as flooding, wind, and seismic; as well as manmade hazards, such as overloads, fire, impact forces, unintentional (explosion), or intentional blast events (terrorism).

KW  - Bridges
KW  - Floods
KW  - Hazard evaluation
KW  - Loads
KW  - Resilience (Materials)
KW  - Seismicity
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370407
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529388
AU  - Schmidt, Jennifer D
AU  - Schmidt, Tyler L
AU  - Faller, Ronald K
AU  - Sicking, Dean L
AU  - Reid, John D
AU  - Lechtenberg, Karla A
AU  - Bielenberg, Robert W
AU  - Rosenbaugh, Scott K
AU  - Holloway, Jim C
AU  - University of Nebraska, Lincoln
AU  - Nebraska Department of Roads
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Energy Absorbers for Use in a Roadside/Median Barrier
PY  - 2014/02/06/Final Report
SP  - 183p
AB  - Several types of elastomeric energy absorbers were evaluated for use in a Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 4 (TL-4) energy-absorbing, urban roadside/median barrier. Twelve dynamic bogie tests were conducted on 60- and 80-durometer Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber cylinders. Five dynamic bogie tests were conducted on marine shear fenders. One dynamic test was conducted on a 27-ft (8.2-m) long installation of 2-in. (51-mm) thick EPDM rubber cylinders spaced at 8 ft (2.4 m) on center and attached to the front face of a 32-in. (813-mm) tall, concrete New Jersey-shaped barrier with a continuous 6-in. x 12-in. (152-mm x 305-mm) steel tubular front rail. One dynamic test was conducted on a 28-ft (8.5-m) long installation of 11⅝-in. (295-mm) tall marine shear fender posts spaced at 8 ft (2.4 m) on center with a 6¾-in. (171-mm) tall, upper timber rail. Both barrier concepts showed promising results. Several static tests were conducted on the marine shear fenders at hot, cold, and room temperatures to evaluate its effect on energy-absorber behavior.
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Elastomers
KW  - Energy absorption
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Median barriers
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51728/DPU-STWD_94_PhaseIIFinalReport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311881
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547338
TI  - Performance-Related Specifications for Pavement Preservation Treatments
AB  - Quality assurance specifications that specify end product quality have often been used by transportation agencies as a means for assuring construction quality of highway pavements. However, agencies are increasingly incorporating performance-related specifications (PRS) in construction contracts to specify quality in terms of parameters related to desired long-term performance. These PRS also provide a means to account for the value lost or gained by the variances of these parameters from the specified target values. Although such PRS have been used for the construction of pavements, their use for pavement preservation treatments has been limited. There are no widely accepted guidelines for PRS for pavement preservation treatments that correlate key engineering properties to treatment quality and long-term performance. Research is needed to develop guidelines to facilitate developing PRS for pavement preservation treatments that provide a direct relationship of key material and construction characteristics to performance. These guidelines will help highway agencies develop and incorporate PRS in preservation treatment contracts. In this manner, agencies would be able to specify an optimum level of quality that represents the best balance of costs and performance, and establish quality-related pay adjustment factors if desired. Recent work completed under National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 10-82 provided further review of some of the issues related to the PRS for pavement preservation treatments.  However, additional research is needed to address these and other issues associated with PRS and to develop guidelines for use in preparing rational PRS for pavement preservation treatments. The objective of this research is to develop guidelines for use in preparing PRS for pavement preservation treatments. The research shall deal with preservation treatments for all pavement types. For the purpose of this research, preservation treatments are treatments applied to preserve an existing roadway, slow future deterioration, and maintain and improve its functional condition (without substantially increasing structural capacity).
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Structural deterioration and defects
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3532
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334511
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01580341
AU  - Raghunathan, Deepak
AU  - Sadasivam, Suri
AU  - Mallela, Jagannath
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Utah Demonstration Project: Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Integrated Bridge System on I-84 near Salt Lake City
PY  - 2014/02//Draft Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - As part of a national initiative sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) under the Highways for LIFE program, the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) was awarded a $1 million grant to demonstrate the use of proven, innovative accelerated bridge construction technologies to deliver this $5 million project in substantially less time than conventional construction. The project involved replacing twin bridges located on the westbound and eastbound routes of I-84 over Echo Frontage Road in Summit County. The structure to be replaced was constructed in 1971 and carried a designation of D-783 in UDOT’s bridge management system. The project limits extended approximately between milepost 118 and milepost 120. The innovative construction techniques adopted were as follows:  Use of the geosynthetic reinforced soil-integrated bridge system (GRS-IBS) method of design and construction; Use of prefabricated bridge elements and systems (PBES); and Use of a lateral bridge slide. This was the first GRS-IBS project in Utah and also the first GRS-IBS project on an interstate in the U.S. It was also the first GRS-IBS project in the U.S. to incorporate a lateral bridge slide. On this project, UDOT used a price + time or price + time + lane rental bidding process. To estimate the cost savings for the GRS-IBS method, the total costs were computed for both the as-built and baseline (cast-in-place) scenarios by adding the agency costs and user costs (delay + safety costs). The results indicated around 7 percent cost savings during the as-built scenario compared to the baseline because of significantly reduced user costs.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge replacement
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Economic analysis
KW  - Geosynthetics
KW  - Highways for LIFE
KW  - Lateral bridge slide
KW  - Mechanically stabilized earth
KW  - Prefabricated bridges
KW  - Summit County (Utah)
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/hfl/summary/pdf_2/UT_I-84_GRS-IBS_%20Revised_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1373000
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557306
AU  - Mead, Jill
AU  - McGrane, Ann
AU  - Zegeer, Charlie
AU  - Thomas, Libby
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Bicycle-Related Roadway Measures: A Summary of Available Research
PY  - 2014/02//White Paper
SP  - 83p
AB  - This document represents an effort to compile all known research on the effect of the bicycle safety countermeasures discussed in BIKESAFE (http://www.pedbikesafe.org/BIKESAFE). It is intended to serve as a companion document for the guide, providing a complementary overview of the researchers, research methods, and evaluation results that have guided the development and design of bicycle safety countermeasures. Countermeasure topics include: Shared roadway measures, On-Road bike facilities, Intersection treatments, Maintenance, Traffic calming, Trails/Shared-Use paths, Markings, Signs, and Signals.
KW  - Bicycle facilities
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Research projects
KW  - Traffic calming
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://www.pedbikeinfo.org/cms/downloads/06%2013%202014%20BIKESAFE%20Lit%20Review_FINAL.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345921
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541516
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Colorado River Indian Tribes
AU  - Kimley-Horn and Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Field Data Services of Arizona, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2014 Strategic Long Range Transportation Plan for the Colorado River Indian Tribes: Working Paper 1- Current and Future Conditions
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 208p
AB  - The Colorado River Indian Tribes (CRIT) Reservation spans the Colorado River and has land in Arizona (La Paz County) and California (San Bernardino and Riverside Counties). It includes almost 300,000 acres of land. This study will prepare an updated Tribal Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a strategic plan for improvements over five-, 10-, and 20-year periods, incorporating both roadway and multimodal needs. Some key focus areas of the LRTP are road maintenance and safety programs, as well as improvement plans for bicycle, pedestrian, and transit systems. Identifying updates to the Tribal Transportation Inventory and functional classification systems to assist in expanding the level and types of funding available for transportation projects.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - California
KW  - Colorado River Indian Tribes
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Indian reservations
KW  - Long range planning
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Safety
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/utils/getfile/collection/statepubs/id/24494/filename/24786.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328257
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536077
AU  - Ament, Robert J
AU  - Pokorny, Monica L
AU  - Jennings, Stuart R
AU  - Mangold, Jane M
AU  - Orloff, L Noelle
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Idaho Transportation Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Native Plants for Roadside Revegetation: Field Evaluations and Best Practices Identification
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 166p
AB  - Establishing native vegetation communities on roadsides can be a proactive approach to sustainable roadways. Revegetation with native species is the preferred management practice on Idaho roadways. The environmental and economic benefits of increasing desirable vegetation along Idaho roadways include: improving slope stabilization, soil conservation, roadway safety while reducing erosion, roadside maintenance costs and noxious weeds in right-of-ways. Selecting appropriate plant species for  revegetation is the foundation for successful roadside revegetation. This report provides practical information for improving roadway revegetation in Idaho. The overall objective was to monitor vegetation and soil attributes to determine effective means for establishing perennial native vegetation, reducing surface erosion, and preventing weed encroachment. The results provide guidance and recommendations on species selection, seeding methods and site preparation techniques. Bluebunch wheatgrass and Idaho fescue were the best performing grasses. Grass species that consistently establish where seeded but have a low canopy cover include sheep fescue, western wheatgrass, and basin wildrye. Forbs and shrub species had low establishment success rates and low percent canopy cover on roadside revegetation projects. If forbs are desired, it is recommended to use species that are known to establish well, are relatively inexpensive, and tolerant of the herbicides being applied to control weeds
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Grasses
KW  - Idaho
KW  - Native plants
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Revegetation
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Seeding
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52182/RP217Final02102014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320872
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536059
AU  - Fricker, Jon D
AU  - Sinha, Kumares C
AU  - Noureldin, Menna
AU  - Stroshine, Timothy
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Employing Asset Management to Control Costs and Sustain Highway Levels of Service: Volumes I
and II
SN  - 9781622602940
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 135p
AB  - This project investigated the impact of varying two elements of pavement, bridge, and mobility asset management on the long term network‐level performance of those assets. The first element was the condition at which restorative treatments are triggered. The second element was the budget available to implement these treatments. For each of the pavement, bridge and mobility assets, three different management strategies in the form of treatment trigger values were investigated: a standard treatment trigger strategy, an early treatment trigger strategy, and a late treatment trigger strategy. For the pavement and bridge assets, the standard treatment trigger strategy simulates Indiana Department of Transportation's (INDOT’s) current treatment trigger policy. The early treatment trigger strategy simulates performing treatment at a better condition level than the standard treatment trigger strategy, while the late treatment trigger strategy simulates deferring treatment to a worse condition level than the standard treatment trigger strategy. For bridge assets, each treatment trigger strategy had six different treatments that can be applied to different bridge components. It was discovered that the standard (current) treatment trigger strategy outperforms other strategies. For pavement assets, the treatment trigger strategies pertained to pavement rehabilitation treatments. It was found that the long‐term pavement roughness condition at the network‐level is highly influenced by the policy being used to trigger pavement rehabilitation. The higher the trigger standard, the higher the percentage of miles in good condition and the lower the percentage of miles in poor condition. For mobility management, the treatment trigger strategies pertained to lane additions. It was discovered that neither restricting nor expanding the lane addition project candidate list (corresponding to the late and early treatment trigger strategies, respectively) provides more cost efficiency in the long‐term for reducing the percent of road miles or vehicle miles of travel (VMT) experiencing peak hour congestion. The report consists of two volumes; the first volume reports the analysis results for the bridge asset class and the second volume reports the analysis results for the pavement and mobility asset classes.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Maintenance practices
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315341
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320965
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530879
AU  - Brennan, Thomas M
AU  - Mitkey, Stuart R
AU  - Bullock, Darcy M
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Alternatives to Raised Pavement Markers (RPMs)
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 55p
AB  - Empirical evidence shows that raised pavement markers (RPM) are an ongoing maintenance challenge.  Furthermore, a dislodged RPM opens  an ingress point for water to reach the sub pavement, potentially reducing the design life of the pavement. To address this issue, Indiana  conducted an evaluation of centerline rumble stripes (CLRSs) as an alternative to RPMs on rural, non‐interstate, roadways. Five pilot test sites consisting of 41.2 miles of roadway were constructed to evaluate CLRS performance in multiple regions of Indiana  under various pavement conditions. CLRS were subsequently incorporated into Indiana Department of Transportation's (INDOT’s) 2013 Goals and approximately 238 project miles were programmed for construction. The project team participated in the development of a new specification for use in contract lettings after September 1, 2013. This technical report summarizes that evaluation, briefly summarizes the project background and development of CLRS specifications, provides detailed photos of a Fall 2013 deployment, and summarizes the post-construction close out meeting held on December 4,  2013.
KW  - Center lines
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Rumble strips
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315340
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52156/fulltext.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314856
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529372
AU  - Sharp, Stephen R
AU  - Ozyildirim, Celik
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Nondestructive Measurements Using Mechanical Waves in Reinforced Concrete Structures
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 37p
AB  - This study evaluated various techniques that use mechanical waves for the evaluation of critical concrete properties, such as proper consolidation of the concrete during placement and strength development; changes in modulus; and the detection of cracks, voids, and delaminated regions. The methods evaluated were ultrasonic shear-wave tomography, ultrasonic pulse velocity, crosshole sonic logging, sonic echo-impulse response, spectral analysis of surface waves, and the use of an impact echo scanner on pavements and bridge structures. Ultrasonic shear-wave tomography can be successfully used to determine the major distressed areas in pavements. Crosshole sonic logging can detect voids in drilled shafts and can indicate concrete performance and quality. Sonic echo-impulse response can reliably detect voids but is not always able to establish a precise location because of the potential variability in wave velocity. However, it can still provide useful thickness or depth information. In addition, detection of distress is limited by the embedded length-to-diameter ratios of the foundation element being examined. The use of ultrasonic pulse velocity can improve the accuracy of sonic echo–impulse response measurements by providing the actual velocity of the concrete being evaluated. Use of the impact echo scanner can provide delamination data for structures with smooth surfaces. In addition to detecting the condition of the concrete elements, these methods can be used to help determine compliance with end-result specifications. Quality control and acceptance using end-result specifications requires at least three test results to determine variability, which can be easily obtained using nondestructive test methods. The results regarding spectral analysis of surface waves were promising, but additional validation work is required to determine the abilities of this technique to assess asphalt-overlaid concrete decks. This study showed that nondestructive mechanical wave methods can be successfully used in determining concrete quality and the extent of distress in concrete structures. The study recommended that these methods be used by the Virginia  Department of Transportation for condition assessment. The next step is to continue collecting data on pavements and bridge structures using these techniques.
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Impact echo tests
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Reinforced concrete
KW  - Sonic tests
KW  - Spectrum analysis
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Ultrasonic tests
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r8.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52161/14-r8.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312112
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526371
AU  - Poor, Cara
AU  - Haselbach, Liv
AU  - Washington State University, Pullman
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Media Filter Drain: Modified Design Evaluation and Existing Design Longevity Evaluation
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 63p
AB  - The media filter drain (MFD), a stormwater water quality treatment best management practice, consists of media made up of aggregate, perlite, gypsum and dolomite in a trench located along roadway shoulders with gravel and vegetative pre-filtering facilities and optional underdrains. One of the many benefits of MFDs is the effective removal of dissolved zinc and copper from roadway runoff. However, the existing design includes use of an aggregate gradation that is no longer readily available (old design). A more readily available and economical aggregate gradation has a slightly lower percent of finer materials (new design). This project evaluates if the new design is as effective as the old design at enhanced dissolved zinc and copper treatment. Findings from laboratory research performed on columns filled with new media versus columns filled with old media indicate that the new media initially has similar removal efficiencies as the old media for large storm events. Accelerated aging of the new media indicates that removal efficiency for dissolved zinc and copper of the new media has not decreased after 15 years of simulated use.
KW  - Aggregate gradation
KW  - Aggregate mixtures
KW  - Copper
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Filter drains
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Washington (State)
KW  - Water quality management
KW  - Zinc
UR  - http://depts.washington.edu/pactrans/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/PacTrans-21-739428-Haselbach-Liv-Small-Project.pdf
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/822.1.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51755/822.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308828
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522390
AU  - Graybeal, Benjamin A
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Splice Length of Prestressing Strands in Field-Cast UHPC Connections
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 46p
AB  - The development length of reinforcements embedded into ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) can be significantly shorter than the lengths normally associated with conventional concrete. Shortening the development length of prestressing strand can allow for a redesign of some structural systems, including spliced girder and continuous-for-live-load bridges. Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), when used in field-cast connections between prefabricated bridge elements, can create robust connections which emulate monolithic components. This study investigated the development length of 0.5 and 0.6 inch (12.7 and 15.2 mm) diameter untensioned prestressing strands embedded in steel fiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber reinforced UHPC. The volumetric fiber content was 2 percent. A novel tension test method allowed for replication of the tension-tension stress state that would occur when two strands are lap spliced within a connection between two linear elements. The results suggest that, for the steel fiber reinforced UHPC, the 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) diameter strands can be fully developed within 20 inches (0.51 m) and the 0.6 inch (15.2 mm) diameter strands can be fully developed in approximately 24 inches (0.61 m). The 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) diameter strands can be fully developed in the PVA fiber reinforced UHPC in approximately 36 inches (0.91 m).
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Fiber reinforced concrete
KW  - Prestressing
KW  - Splicing
KW  - Structural connection
KW  - Ultra high performance concrete
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306548
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522347
AU  - New England Transportation Consortium (NETC)
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - New England Transportation Consortium, Annual Report for Calendar Year 2013
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 53p
AB  - The New England Transportation Consortium (NETC) is a cooperative effort of the transportation agencies of the six New England States, the six New England state land grant universities and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Through the Consortium, the states pool professional, academic and financial resources for transportation research leading to the development of improved methods for dealing with  common problems associated with the administration, planning, design, construction, rehabilitation, reconstruction, operation and maintenance of the region’s transportation system. The Consortium’s activities are currently being managed by the University of Vermont Transportation Research Center (UVM TRC), with the Vermont Agency of Transportation (VAOT) acting as the Lead Agency. This annual report includes 2013 highlights, progress of active projects, financial status, and a list of reports, papers, and presentations.
KW  - Annual reports
KW  - Financing
KW  - New England
KW  - New England Transportation Consortium
KW  - Regional transportation
KW  - Research projects
UR  - http://www.uvm.edu/trc/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/NETC-ANNUAL-REPORT-2013.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306853
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522255
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Innovative Neighborhood Transit: Assessing Demand for an Automated Community Shuttle Service
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 2p
AB  - This study examines whether an automated community shuttle service would encourage drivers to shift transportation mode. The research explores demand for a high-frequency shuttle service, operating every few minutes, between homes and regional transit access points. Additionally, several other factors that  could encourage drivers to shift commute modes are examined as part of this study. These include bike lanes, walkway improvements, and other community amenities designed to improve the quality of the community environment and attract drivers to walk and bike to the regional transit access points. The major challenge of this study was to analyze the potential use of a new type of transit service. Since the service does not yet exist, there was no prior experience directly applicable. The project team chose to develop  new transportation demand models and a corresponding innovative data collection approach that could elicit people’s opinions about a transit service that they had never experienced.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Modal shift
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Shuttle service
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Travel patterns
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14046/14046.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1304844
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01520720
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Issa, Mohsen A
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effect of Portland Cement (Current ASTM C150/AASHTO M85) with Limestone and Process Addition (ASTM C465/AASHTO M327) on the Performance of Concrete for Pavement and Bridge Decks
PY  - 2014/02
IS  - 14-005
SP  - 260p
AB  - The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) is making several changes to concrete mix designs, using revisions to cement specification ASTM C150/AASHTO M85 and ASTM C465/AASHTO M327. These proposed revisions will enable the use of more sustainable materials for concrete pavements, overlays, and bridge decks. Accordingly, a study was conducted by the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) to test the performance of concrete mixes batched with cement comprising less (conventional) and more (modified) than 5% by weight of limestone and inorganic processing additions (IPA) specified in ASTM C465/AASHTO M327, and/or insoluble residue (IR) with quantity above the specified limit by ASTM C150. Twenty-four concrete mixes with different cementitious combinations and aggregates were developed for this study. Each cement source was batched in a concrete mixture by replacing 30% of the total cement content with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), fly ash, or slag. Also, each cementitious combination was batched with fine aggregates (either natural or combined sand) and coarse aggregate (crushed limestone).  The study included measuring fresh properties such as the slump, air content, unit weight, and setting time. The hardened properties included measuring the strength and durability for each concrete mix combination. The strength results were measured in terms of compressive and flexural strength, and the durability results were measured in terms of rapid chloride penetration resistance (coulombs), water permeability (DIN 1048), chloride ion penetration, and freeze/thaw tests of the concrete mixes. The study found similar performance in terms of strength and durability of concrete between the conventional and  modified cements and demonstrated their performance with SCMs replacements and fine aggregate types.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Concrete aggregates
KW  - Durability
KW  - Flexural strength
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Limestone
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Slag
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/47549
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1303626
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519002
AU  - Shaw, Jacob J
AU  - Jahren, Charles T
AU  - Wang, Kejin
AU  - Li, Jinxin "Linda"
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Iowa Mass Concrete for Bridge Foundations Study – Phase II
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 165p
AB  - The early-age thermal development of structural mass concrete elements has a significant impact on the future durability and longevity of the elements. If the heat of hydration is not controlled, the elements may be susceptible to thermal cracking and damage from delayed ettringite formation. In the Phase I study, the research team reviewed published literature and current specifications on mass concrete. In addition, the team observed construction and reviewed thermal data from the westbound (WB) I-80 Missouri River Bridge. Finally, the researchers conducted an initial investigation of the thermal analysis software programs ConcreteWorks and 4C-Temp&Stress. The Phase II study is aimed at developing guidelines for the design and construction of mass concrete placements associated with large bridge foundations. This phase included an additional review of published literature and a more in-depth investigation of current mass  concrete specifications. In addition, the mass concrete construction of two bridges, the WB I-80 Missouri River Bridge and the US 34 Missouri River Bridge, was documented. An investigation was conducted of the theory and application of 4C-Temp&Stress. ConcreteWorks and 4C-Temp&Stress were calibrated with thermal data recorded for the WB I-80 Missouri River Bridge and the US 34 Missouri River Bridge. ConcreteWorks and 4C-Temp&Stress were further verified by means of a sensitivity study. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were developed, as included in this report.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Mass concrete
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Software
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Thermal analysis
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/mass_concrete_ii_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301910
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01518971
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA LTBP Industry Day
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 4p
AB  - This TechBrief summarizes Long-Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) Industry Day, held July 16, 2012, a public meeting sponsored by the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) LTBP Program. Industry Day provided a platform for the LTBP Program to actively engage industry groups and foster collaboration. Attendees exchanged many ideas and identified opportunities to work with and support the LTBP Program. Many different technologies were displayed during the poster session, and the industry/professional  associations in attendance presented different ways that they could lend their expertise.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Industries
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/ltbp/14031/14031.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301142
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01518965
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Graybeal, Ben
TI  - Lightweight Concrete: Development of Mild Steel in Tension
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 12p
AB  - Concrete with a unit weight between that of traditional light-weight concrete (LWC) and normal weight concrete (NWC) is not covered in the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications. This research  program includes a significant number of bond strength tests on this type of concrete. The results from this research project are included in a database that covers a broader range of unit weights in order to determine trends for LWC as a function of unit weight. New design expressions for the development length of mild steel in tension are proposed for LWC that include a modification factor for LWC based on unit weight.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Bond strength (Materials)
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Databases
KW  - Lightweight concrete
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Reinforcement (Engineering)
KW  - Weight
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14030/14030.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55700/55709/14030.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301143
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518964
AU  - Terry, Travis
AU  - Gibbons, Ronald B
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Guardrail Embedded Lighting System in Trinidad, Colorado
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 59p
AB  - This report provides information on the design considerations of the embedded highway lighting design on Interstate-25 in Trinidad, Colorado, in terms of visibility. The information is based on visibility characterizations of small targets using luminance, illuminance, and contrast calculations as well as participant input on the detectability of small targets. Experimental conditions included two different aim angles of the lighting design (forward and cross) as well as two small target colors (red and blue). When compared to the small target detection distances produced by conventional overhead lighting systems in previous studies, the research determined that the small target visibility distances of the embedded lighting design to be shorter by approximately 50%. Adjustments to the spacing, aim, and breadth of the lighting design are recommended for future research considerations. The results of this research indicate the lighting design is an alternative; however, additional considerations to the beam angle, beam width, beam height, and spacing may improve the implementation of the system.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Lighting
KW  - Luminance
KW  - Visibility
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/led.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301937
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518910
AU  - Jones, Wesley A
AU  - House, Mitch W
AU  - Weiss, W Jason
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Internal Curing of High Performance Concrete Using Lightweight Aggregates and Other Techniques
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 129p
AB  - Internally cured concrete has been rapidly emerging over the last decade as an effective way to improve the  performance of concrete. Internal curing (IC) holds promise for producing concrete with an increased  resistance to early-age cracking and enhanced durability (Bentz and Weiss, 2011). IC is a simple and effective way to cure concrete. Proper internal curing supplies water that is necessary to relieve stress buildup due to self-desiccation. Typically this is done using pre-wetted lightweight aggregates (LWAs), as this is the most commercially available application at the present time. IC has shown reduced autogenous and drying shrinkage cracking, improved fluid absorption resistance, improved compressive strength, and reduced ion diffusion. It is becoming increasingly clear that internal curing has great potential for the concrete industry to create a longer lasting, more sustainable product. This report specifically examines the freeze-thaw resistance of internally cured concrete. It is shown that internally cured concrete, using the recommended mixture proportions (i.e., pre-wetted fine LWAs to replace only the water lost due to chemical shrinkage) is freeze-thaw resistant. Internal curing has shown, as outlined in this report, to be a simple and cost-effective way to create longer lasting, more durable concrete. The initial cost of a bridge deck concrete can increase in price anywhere from 3 to 10 $/yd3. However, this percentage when compared with the cost of a bridge is typically negligible, especially when considering an increased service life and reduced maintenance cost. Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) can benefit from this research by applying what has been presented in this study to create longer lasting, more durable bridge decks.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Concrete curing
KW  - Freeze thaw durability
KW  - High performance concrete
KW  - Internal curing
KW  - Lightweight aggregates
KW  - Mix design
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/ic.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301938
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518853
AU  - Pryor, Debra
AU  - Ginn, Diane
AU  - Meyers, Deborah
AU  - Pryor, Kathleen
AU  - Partners In Brainstorms, Incorporated
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Impact of Arizona Highways Magazine’s Facebook Page
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 118p
AB  - This project examined the relationship between the use of the Arizona Highways magazine (AHM) Facebook Page and the decision to travel to or within Arizona. Key purposes were to: (1) provide a thorough understanding of AHM Facebook Page users, including demographics and the relationships among magazine subscription, use of the AHM Facebook Page, and use of the AHM website; and (2) provide a thorough understanding of the AHM Facebook Page effectiveness, including users' perceptions and preferred content, factors that encourage users to visit regularly, and the Page's influence on users' decisions to travel to or within Arizona. Criteria were established for assessing effectiveness of the AHM Facebook Page and were grouped into three focus areas: (1) growing the AHM Facebook Page community; (2) encouraging Page fans to visit the AHM website, to support the goal of increasing sales and subscriptions; and (3) using the AHM Facebook Page more effectively to encourage increased travel to and within Arizona. The study presents 26 recommendations in the three focus areas noted above, of which AHM has selected 10 as the highest priority for implementation. The research results can be used by Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT), Arizona Highways magazine, and tourism industry professionals in developing content for their Facebook Pages that positively influences decisions to travel to or within Arizona. The project can also serve as a model for others who have interest in the use of social media.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Demographics
KW  - Facebook
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Social media
KW  - Tourism
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Websites (Information retrieval)
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/az717.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301940
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518799
AU  - Fontaine, Michael D
AU  - Cottrell, Benjamin H
AU  - Chun, PilJin
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Considerations for the Development of Work Zone Mobility Performance Measures and Thresholds for Virginia Freeways
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 39p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration has been encouraging states to improve their monitoring and tracking of the mobility impacts of work zones. The use of mobility performance measures will enable agencies to assess better the contribution of work zones to network congestion; to identify specific projects that are in need of remedial action; and potentially to assess penalties to contractors creating excessive, avoidable negative impacts. Although the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has defined allowable lane closure hours for the interstate system, VDOT has not defined specific performance measures and thresholds for what constitutes “unacceptable” work zone mobility impacts. Performance measures and thresholds have been developed by a number of other states, so there is a need to determine whether these could be adapted for use by VDOT. This study explored issues related to a potential work zone mobility performance measurement program for Virginia. The issues investigated included identification of potential performance measures, definition of performance thresholds, and recommendations for data sources for performance measurement calculations. This information was synthesized from information regarding the experiences of selected states and experiences from a series of case studies that used data from  Virginia work zones. The review of experiences in selected other states found that delay and queue length were the performance measures used most often by the states studied. The Virginia case studies focused on the use of private sector data to generate mobility performance measures and found that the level of spatial aggregation in rural areas could inhibit the ability to generate accurate performance measures, although granularity was better on urban roads. The level of temporal aggregation was also found to influence performance measures. The research identified a number of key issues that VDOT should consider as a work zone mobility performance measures program is developed. The report recommends that VDOT develop a pilot program that focuses on urban interstates initially and convene a task group to develop formal policies and procedures for use in the state.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Virginia
KW  - Work zone traffic control
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r6.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52162/14-r6.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300601
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01518781
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Graybeal, Ben
TI  - Splice Length of Prestressing Strand in Field-Cast Ultra-High Performance Concrete Connections
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 4p
AB  - This study investigated the development length of 0.5- and 0.6-inch (12.7- and 15.2-mm) diameter untensioned prestressing strands embedded in steel fiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber reinforced UHPC. The volumetric fiber content was 2 percent. The compressive strength of the steel fiber reinforced UHPC at the time of strand splice testing was approximately 23.5 ksi (162 MPa). As is common when reduced stiffness fibers are used in UHPC, the compressive strength of the PVA fiber reinforced UHPC was reduced to a value of approximately 19.5 ksi (134 MPa). A development length test was designed that  allowed for the replication of the tension-tension stress state that could occur when two strands were lap spliced within a connection between two linear elements.
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Fiber reinforced concrete
KW  - Prestressing
KW  - Splicing
KW  - Structural connection
KW  - Ultra high performance concrete
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/hpc/14041/14041.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301140
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01516500
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA LTBP Bridge Performance Primer
PY  - 2014/02
SP  - 8p
AB  - This TechBrief defines bridge performance and discusses the importance of measuring performance and current practices for doing so. It identifies key issues to improving performance measures and the role the Long-Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) Program plays in this effort.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/ltbp/14032/14032.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300197
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516429
AU  - Lari, Adeel
AU  - Douma, Frank
AU  - Yang, Kate Lang
AU  - Caskey, Kathryn
AU  - Cureton, Colin
AU  - University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
AU  - University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
AU  - Minnesota Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Innovative Parking Pricing Demonstration in the Twin Cities: Introducing Flexibility and Incentives to Parking
Contracts
PY  - 2014/02//Final Report
SP  - 106p
AB  - Parking pricing has taken on a role beyond recouping infrastructure investment costs and is now also being utilized as a public policy tool for travel demand management. Recently developed tools for travel demand management include innovative parking pricing strategies that incentivize alternative mode choice. The principal goal of this research is to examine the effects on commuter mode choice of introducing flexibility and incentives into monthly parking contracts. The demonstration consisted of running four different test modules over the course of three four-month periods. The four test modules include a discounted transit pass option (Buying Flexibility), two forms of rebate programs (Marginal Rebate and PayGo), and a free transit pass option (Disincentive Removal). The first rebate program, Marginal Rebate, offered a rebate for the difference between the marginal parking cost and transit fare on days when transit was used. The second rebate program, PayGo, offered the same transit rebate in addition to a rebate for the full marginal parking cost on days when a mode other than parking or transit was used. Analysis of the commuting behavior among participants in this study demonstrated that the level of incentive positively correlates to the propensity for mode shift to occur, with significant and increasing mode shift in the two programs that offered the greatest flexibility and incentive. However, the data collected also indicates that a discounted or free transit pass is not enough to entice mode change. Potential to deploy parking contract models that include flexibility and incentives are also briefly explored.
KW  - Commuters
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Fares
KW  - Incentives
KW  - Modal shift
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Parking fees
KW  - Pricing
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Twin Cities Metropolitan Area (Minnesota)
UR  - http://www.cts.umn.edu/Publications/ResearchReports/pdfdownload.pl?id=2442
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298742
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577844
TI  - Electric Vehicle & Alternative Fuels Technical Assistance Program 

AB  - The objective of this research project is to administer a Pooled Fund to accelerate and promote the use of alternative vehicle and fuel technologies.

KW  - Alternate fuels
KW  - Electric vehicles
KW  - Pooled funds
KW  - Renewable energy sources
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371014
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577838
TI  - Air Quality and Climate Change Research Outreach and Communications

AB  - The goals of this outreach and communications efforts are to inform and provide technical assistance in an easily accessible format. 

KW  - Air quality
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Communication
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Research
KW  - Technical assistance
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370912
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576033
AU  - Ghabchi, Rouzbeh
AU  - Zaman, Musharraf
AU  - Barman, Manik
AU  - Singh, Dharamveer
AU  - Boeck, David L
AU  - University of Oklahoma, Norman
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Fatigue Performance of Asphalt Pavements Containing RAS and RAP
PY  - 2014/01/31/Final Report
SP  - 127p
AB  - Rising oil and gas prices spur development of methods and technologies for reducing fuel consumption and increased use of recycled materials. With increased environmental awareness, using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS) in pavements has been gaining momentum nationally and globally. However, despite their advantages, there are national concerns associated with fatigue and low-temperature cracking potential of pavements when containing increased amounts of RAS and RAP. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the fatigue performance of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) containing RAS and RAP. Specifically, changes in fatigue resistance and cycles to fatigue failure with changes in the amount of RAS and RAP were examined using both flexural fatigue (four-point beam) and axial fatigue (cyclic direct tension) tests on laboratory compacted specimens. Effect of virgin binder grade on the fatigue performance was also examined. In addition, the effect of RAS and RAP in HMA on its creep compliance and dynamic modulus was investigated. These properties are used in the evaluation of fatigue resistance based on the axial cyclic direct tension test. For this purpose, eight fine surface course mixes (S4) with different types of asphalt binders (i.e., PG 64-22 OK and PG 70-28 OK) containing different amounts of RAS and RAP were designed and tested in the laboratory. The amount of RAS and RAP in HMA mixes varied, but the total amount of replaced binder was kept within certain specifications (i.e., RAP and/or RAS limited to 30% binder replacement). It was concluded that the fatigue life of asphalt mixes with a PG 64-22 OK binder increased with use of RAP or a blend of RAP and RAS. Using a blend of 5% RAP and 5% RAS in a mix led to the maximum increase in fatigue life. However, it was observed that the fatigue life of the mix decreased when 6% RAS was used compared to that of virgin mix with the same type of asphalt binder (PG 64-22). Also, it was found that when a PG 70-28 OK asphalt binder was used, use of RAP and/or RAS in a mix resulted in a decrease in fatigue life. Using 6% RAS resulted in the maximum decrease in fatigue life, compared to that of virgin mix with the same type of asphalt binder (PG 70-28 OK). Use of a polymer-modified asphalt binder (PG 70-28 OK) was found to be an effective way to increase the fatigue life of virgin mixes. More specifically, if RAP and/or RAS was used fatigue life was a concern. Furthermore, it was concluded that high coefficient of variation values of the cycles to failure found for four-point beam fatigue test show that the repeatability of this method was not very good. The dynamic modulus and creep compliance test results revealed that addition of RAP and/or RAS to asphalt mixes increased their stiffness, for cases in which PG 64-22 OK or PG 70-28 OK asphalt binders were used. This may result in a better rutting performance, but may lead to a mix with a higher low-temperature cracking potential versus the virgin mixes. Finally, it was found that indirect tensile strength (IDT) of the asphalt mixes increased with use of RAP and/or RAS compared to those of virgin mixes. Use of 6% RAS resulted in the maximum increase in IDT values. Also, a comprehensive survey was conducted among the state departments of transportation for gathering data on the current practices including the methods and specifications associated with the use of RAS and RAP in pavements. The results from this study can be used to develop/update guidelines/special provisions for design of HMA containing RAP and RAS in Oklahoma.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Creep
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Fatigue (Mechanics)
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Indirect tensile strength
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Service life
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Specifications
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://l92018.eos-intl.net/elibsql16_L92018_Documents/FHWA-OK-15-01%202245%20Zaman.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1368761
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01573560
AU  - Cerato, Amy B
AU  - Hong, Yang
AU  - Yu, Xiaodi
AU  - He, Xiaogang
AU  - Tabet, Wassim
AU  - University of Oklahoma, Norman
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Real-Time Monitoring of Slope Stability in Southeastern Oklahoma
PY  - 2014/01/31/Final Report
SP  - 91p
AB  - There were three primary objectives of the proposed research. The first was to establish a comprehensive landslide database, the second was to create a first- cut regional landslide map and the third was to relate safe and stable constructed slope geometry to soil type and geologic setting with site-based in-situ monitoring and modeling experiments. Accomplishing the project objectives involved collecting historical and current landslide information from around the state, as well as climate, rainfall history, geology and topography information for recorded landslide sites. From this comprehensive database, a landslide susceptibility map was derived. In addition, in situ measuring equipment was used to monitor a selected slide to verify a site-based landslide modeling system.
KW  - Databases
KW  - Landslides
KW  - Mapping
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Slope stability
UR  - http://l92018.eos-intl.net/elibsql16_L92018_Documents/FHWA-OK-14-06%202241%20Cerato.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1363441
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529305
AU  - Stephens, Denny
AU  - Pape, Doug
AU  - LeBlanc, Dave
AU  - Bogard, Scott
AU  - Peredo, Gordon
AU  - Berg, Roger
AU  - Wells, Bryan
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
AU  - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
TI  - Connected Commercial Vehicles—Integrated Truck Project Driver Clinics, Performance Tests, and Lessons Learned
PY  - 2014/01/31/Final Report
SP  - 49p
AB  - Connected vehicle wireless data communications can enable safety applications that may reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities suffered on our roads and highways, as well as enabling reductions in traffic congestion and effects on the environment. As a critical part of achieving these goals, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) contracted with a Team led by Battelle to integrate and validate connected vehicle on-board equipment (OBE) and safety applications on selected Class 8 commercial vehicles and to support those vehicles in research and testing activities that provide information and data needed to assess their safety benefits and support regulatory decision processes. This final report summarizes all of the activities and accomplishments of this project. Hardware and software were developed to adapt safety applications to commercial vehicles. Stages of testing included benchtop, test track, driver acceptance clinics, and support for the Safety Pilot Model Deployment. Outreach consisted of a demonstration at a trade show, presentations at meetings, and other activities.
KW  - Commercial vehicles
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Intelligent vehicles
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Truck drivers
KW  - Trucking safety
KW  - Vehicle electrical systems
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51726/13-112.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1312409
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526260
AU  - Lyons, William
AU  - Morse, Lindsey
AU  - Nash, Logan
AU  - Strauss, Rachel
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Statewide Transportation Planning for Healthy Communities
PY  - 2014/01/31/Final Report
SP  - 101p
AB  - This white paper presents insights and a flexible model for State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) that choose to integrate public health considerations into their transportation planning and decision-making. It draws from five case studies of innovative DOTs and their partners, and builds on the project team’s previous white paper in this series, Metropolitan Area Transportation Planning for Healthy Communities (2012). The study tests and adapts the project team’s “holistic” approach to health in transportation planning and develops a framework for considering health in the statewide transportation planning process. It includes a summary of relevant policies and resources, five innovative practice case studies, and a synthesis of findings and observations of use to DOTs and their health partners. The white paper shows how DOTs can consider health across their wide range of activities, which includes transportation planning, programs, and interagency initiatives.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Public health
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.planning.dot.gov/documents/VolpeFHWA_DOT_Health.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51727/DOT-VNTSC-FHWA-14-01.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308455
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543908
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 338. Hydrology for Water Quality Analysis and Design
AB  - The objectives of this research are to: (1) Catalog recommended hydrologic methods for water quality found in state and other agency drainage design and stormwater manuals available online; (2) Catalog general stormwater quality requirements for the jurisdictions from which manuals have been acquired and summarize proposed United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulations as they affect highways; (3) Perform a literature search for international application of techniques for water quality hydrology; (4) Categorize and evaluate the identified techniques and methods based on the type of methodology (e.g. design storm versus continuous simulation), technical foundation, applicability, and other considerations; (5) Identify and interview representatives from 5 to 10 organizations that use broadly applicable, appropriate, and effective techniques to gain further insight into the source of these techniques and their experience with them, and (6) Document the findings of this research effort including recommendations for further research, if needed.  The product is complete and the final report sent to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation  Officials (AASHTO) for distribution.
KW  - Design
KW  - Drainage
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Water quality
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3386
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332065
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543611
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Public Transportation. Task 54. Determine the Benefits and Costs of Alternative Methods Used by States to Administer FTA's State Rail Safety Oversight Program
AB  - The objective of this research is to produce a report on the benefits and costs of alternative methods used by states to administer Federal Transit Administration (FTA's) State Rail Safety Oversight Program. The report should include benefits and costs that various states experienced utilizing different agencies to administer this federal program.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Oversight
KW  - Railroad safety
KW  - States
KW  - U.S. Federal Transit Administration
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3623
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331564
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01525275
AU  - Jackson, Eric D
AU  - University of Connecticut, Storrs
AU  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Digital Preservation of a Highway Photolog Film Archive in Connecticut
PY  - 2014/01/28/Final Report
SP  - 69p
AB  - The Connecticut Department of Transportation (ConnDOT) has been photologging their transportation network for over forty years. Photologging at a minimum refers to the use of an instrumented vehicle, which is designed to capture successive photographs of the roadway at defined intervals. Connecticut is not unique when it comes to photologging and historical imagery. According to the 1982 National Cooperative Highway Research Program Synthesis of Highway Practice Number 94 on Photologging, “at least 41 states, 29 cities, 6 counties, the U.S. Park Service, and the U.S. Forest Service have used photolog,” which at the time was nearly all film-based. At the time of the 1982 report, “more than 500,000 miles” had been collected. Film continued to be used throughout the 1980s and well into the 1990s. In Connecticut this 35mm film archive consists of approximately 11.5 million frames of photologged roadway and railway images, which were collected during the years preceding digital storage (1973–1996) and computer distribution at ConnDOT’s research facility in Rocky Hill, CT. The overall objective for this study was to produce high quality digital images from the historical 35-mm film that are easily accessible to potential users at ConnDOT, the University of Connecticut (UConn) and any other DigitalHIWAY user. This report documents the film transfer process and develops a film transfer workflow that may benefit other states as they begin to preserve and provide more access to their historical footage. Furthermore, upgrades were made to the image viewing software DigitalHIWAY and a stereo camera mount was developed to successfully capture 3D roadway imagery.
KW  - Connecticut Department of Transportation
KW  - Connecticutt
KW  - Conversion
KW  - Data banks
KW  - Film
KW  - Highways
KW  - Imagery
KW  - Photologging
UR  - http://www.ct.gov/dot/lib/dot/documents/dresearch/ct-2260-f-12-8.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309524
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577824
TI  - HG-2: Characterize Long-term Degredation of Buried Structural Elements

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Degradation failures
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Underground structures
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370865
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526257
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Federal Lands Highway Project Development and Design Manual
PY  - 2014/01/23
SP  - v.p.
AB  - Federal Lands Highway (FLH) has developed the Project Development and Design Manual (PDDM) to provide current policies and guidance for the interdisciplinary project development and design related activities performed by FLH Divisions and their consultants. It also serves as a guide for administrators, public officials and others, both within and outside FLH, who are responsible for advancing projects through the project development process. The purpose of the PDDM is to: (1) Provide current policies, standards, criteria and guidance for development and design of FLH projects; (2) Be easily accessed by internal and external participants in the project development process; (3) Be user-friendly with useful navigation and search tools; (4) Provide immediate access to approved external references; and (5) Be frequently updated to maintain credibility. A primary goal of the PDDM is clarifying what is expected for FLH projects and delivering an end product that meets these expectations.
KW  - Design standards
KW  - Federal Lands Highway Program
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Transportation policy
UR  - http://flh.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/manuals/pddm/
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308898
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577743
TI  - BT-1: Advance the State of Practice for PBES

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Prefabricated bridges
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Strut and tie method
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370805
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543529
TI  - Planning and Evaluating Active Traffic Management Strategies
AB  - The objective of this research is to develop a guide to planning and evaluating active traffic management for recurrent and nonrecurrent conditions. The guide should be useful to local and state transportation agencies (including transit and metropolitan planning organizations) in: (A) Identifying conditions that make a corridor a good candidate for the implementation of Active Traffic Management (ATM). (B) Helping the agency develop performance goals for the corridor (including the selection of appropriate performance measures). These performance goals should address safety, congestion, and travel time reliability for all users of the corridor. For transit and freight, consideration should be given to using performance measures and goals different than those for passenger vehicles. (C) Identifying the ATM strategies that are likely to contribute to meeting those performance goals across the full range of operating conditions for that corridor (e.g., incidents, special events, evacuation). (D) Selecting deterministic, simulation, and/or other analysis tools suitable for evaluating the likely impacts of a planned installation, conducting scenario planning, analyzing the system performance in real-time, and conducting after-action evaluations. Tools should be (1) configurable for local conditions, (2) effective for oversaturated conditions (including the analysis of bottleneck migration), and (3) able to assess the effect of the deployment of multiple strategies, either incrementally or all-at-once. Qualitative and other alternative approaches should be included to overcome data, staff expertise, and other constraints. (E)Using performance data (field data, probe data, or synthetic) for activities such as real-time system monitoring and operations, agency dashboard, performance trend analysis, and performance-based planning to support ATM deployment. (F) Developing a budget and staffing plan for installing, operating, and maintaining the system. (G) Demonstrating to senior management, elected officials, and the public the value of the selected ATM strategies for that corridor. (H) Identifying and addressing institutional and other barriers associated with the deployment, maintenance, and operation of ATM strategies.
KW  - Active traffic management
KW  - Bottlenecks
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - Travel time
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3632
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331126
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01519419
TI  - Professional Services Contract Manager On-Line Training and Best Practices
AB  - Numerous South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) personnel are involved in the procuremnent and administration of professional services contracts. To promote operational efficiency and consistency, SCDOT commissioned a reseach effort, Professional Services Contract Manager Development and Certification Strategy (SPR 696), to develop a training manual for procurement and administration of professional service consultants. Subsequent to the development of this training manual SCDOT personnel participated in a one-day training session covering the content of the manual. The Professional Services Contract Manager training manual and all-day training session were very well received by the SCDOT participants. However, SCDOT leadership and the trainees voiced concern that centralized, all-day training sessions may not be the most effective and efficient way to deliver training. A large number of the training participants recommended that the training material be divided into smaller, more topic and user specific modules that could be accessed on-demand. They felt that targeted training modules would be more responsive to specific training needs and could more efficiently and effectively deliver contract manager training. This recommendation is supported by the findings of the Final Research Report (SPR 696), which also recommends that SCDOT break down contract manager training material into topic specific sections that can be accessed, on demand, by contract managers.  To more efficiently and effectively address contract manager training needs the research objectives are as follows: a) Investigate the online training programs of state and federal transportation departments. Develop recommended "Best Practices" for online training for professional services contract management. b) Develop up to 10 training modules, with a combined length of 4 hours, on contract manager procurement and/or administration topics selected by the research team and the SCDOT Steering Committee. The training modules will be multi-media using an Adobe Presenter platform or software with similar capabilities. Modules will incorporate graphics, narrated PowerPoint, and video clips of subject matter experts with reference material hyperlinked to effectively convey topic specific content. Modules will be self-contained and provided to SCDOT on CD's or other appropriate storage medium. Initially, the research team will conduct a pilot of the first course offering (module) completed. Based on input from participants and/or the Steering Committee, the production of subsequent modules will be adjusted as necessary. c) Develop exam questions for each training module that could be used to test comprehension &amp; understanding of the material covered by the module.
KW  - Computer online services
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Management
KW  - Procurement
KW  - Professional services
KW  - South Carolina
KW  - Training
KW  - Websites (Information retrieval)
UR  - http://www.scdot.scltap.org/projects/current/
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1303033
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01568407
TI  - A Multi-objective Sustainable Model for Transportation Asset Management Practices
AB  - Transportation asset management has been gaining popularity in the United States and worldwide enabling to provide the required level of service in the transportation infrastructure assets in the most cost-effective manner. In modern transportation asset management, sustainability should be integrated with the traditional cost-effectiveness and performance-based analysis. Sustainability brings into consideration the environmental and social factors which many times are not included in the decision making process. The decision situation is complex as many perspectives, often producing conflicting goals, need to be considered. Furthermore with the growing transportation funding gap and progressing global warming, is vital not only to maintain the infrastructure at a certain level of service, but also include into the decision making incentives to promote sustainability and mitigate wasting of limited resources. However, a uniform definition of sustaibalility in transportation infrastructure management and an incorporation of sustainability into an multiobjective model are not well structured and clear yet.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Global warming
KW  - Level of service
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Sustainable development
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/cait/research/multi-objective-sustainable-model-transportation-asset-management-practices
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359268
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01525270
AU  - Turnbull, Katherine F
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute, College Station
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Impact of Exempt Vehicles on Managed Lanes
PY  - 2014/01/15/Final Report
SP  - 40p
AB  - In order to better utilize available capacity in high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, states are permitted to allow certain qualifying non-HOVs to use HOV lanes. In general, states may allow motorcycles, public transportation vehicles, high-occupancy toll (HOT) vehicles, and low-emission and energy-efficient vehicles to use HOV lanes. For any or all of these types of vehicles, the states must establish programs addressing candidacy, enrollment, and management of the lanes. In the case of tolled vehicles, dynamic pricing is the primary control that limits the potential to cause congestion in the lanes. In the case of the energy-efficient vehicles, the programs typically include decals, licenses, license plates, or stickers, that serve to identify and, in some cases, cap the number of allowed to use the lanes vehicles. Concerns may arise that the number of exempted vehicles may overburden the capacity of the HOV lanes to perform their primary function, which is to provide an incentive to form carpools (and thereby reduce the number of cars on the road) and to “reward” such an incentive by guaranteeing a mostly delay-free trip. Use by non-HOVs may overburden the HOV lanes, causing the integrity of the HOV lanes to suffer. The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) 2012 now mandates that any HOV facility that allows tolled vehicles or any class of qualifying energy-efficient vehicles must annually certify that the subject lanes are “not degraded.” By definition, this constitutes that for a 180-day continuous reporting period, the lane(s) operate at greater than 45 mph for 90% of the time. (See Section 166, Title 23 of United States Code for the full language.) This report examines programs in use by states allowing low-emission and energy efficient vehicles to use HOV, HOT, and managed lanes without meeting the vehicle-occupancy requirements. Information is presented on the enabling legislation, the program elements, use of the programs, and impacts of the HOV, HOT, and managed lanes in 13 states.
KW  - Exemption
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lanes
KW  - High occupancy vehicles
KW  - Hybrid vehicles
KW  - Impact studies
KW  - Managed lanes
KW  - Motorcycles
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - State laws
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Transit buses
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51786/fhwahop14006.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309522
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522239
AU  - Schroeder, Bastian J
AU  - Rouphail, Nagui M
AU  - Williams, Billy M
AU  - Hajbabaie, Ali
AU  - Jia, Anxi
AU  - Sajjadi, Soheil
AU  - Aghdashi, Behzad
AU  - Narron, Brian
AU  - North Carolina State University, Raleigh
AU  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Work Zone Traffic Analysis & Impact Assessment
PY  - 2014/01/14/Final Report
SP  - 144p
AB  - This report documents the final results and project summary of North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) research project 2012-36: Work Zone Traffic Analysis & Impact Assessment. The project is tasked with assessing the estimated impact of proposed NCDOT Transportation Improvement Project (TIP) I-5311/I-5338, which is a pavement rehabilitation project on interstates I-40 and I-440 from Exit 293 to I-40 Exit 301 and I-440 Exit 14. The project aims to predict the network-wide impacts of this work zone during construction. The primary focus in the project and in this report is the development and calibration of a network-wide mesoscopic simulation model of the Triangle region using the DynusT and DTALite software tools, as well as a macroscopic evaluation in the FREEVAL tool. The geometric extents of the model cover the entire Triangle region, with expansion to the east of the Triangle to include additional sections of US264, I-40, and I-95. The model has been calibrated using field-estimated spot volume and speed data, as well as key route travel times obtained from INRIX. A variety of work zone scenarios were modeled to test the relative impacts of different lane closure configurations on route and network performance. The analysis further differentiates between no-diversion and with-diversion, where the latter relies on twenty iterations of a dynamic traffic assignment utility, which diverts traffic in an effort to minimize overall network travel time.
KW  - Dynamic traffic assignment
KW  - Impact studies
KW  - Lane closure
KW  - Macroscopic traffic flow
KW  - Mesoscopic traffic flow
KW  - North Carolina
KW  - Traffic simulation
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/preconstruct/tpb/research/download/2012-36finalreport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1304850
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01565447
AU  - Sheaf, Scott
AU  - Balke, Kevin
AU  - Charara, Hassan
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa
AU  - Gibbs, Williams
AU  - Smith, Theodore
AU  - Burns, Matt
AU  - Timcho, Thomas
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Report on Architecture Description for the INFLO Prototype
PY  - 2014/01/10/Final Report
SP  - 29p
AB  - This report documents the Architecture Description for the implementation of the Intelligent Network Flow Optimization (INFLO) Prototype bundle within the Dynamic Mobility Applications (DMA) portion of the Connected Vehicle Program. The intent is to describe, at a high level, the architectural components that make up the INFLO system and their respective interfaces. The approach is loosely based on ISO/IEC 42010:2007(e) Systems and software engineering – Recommended practice for architectural description of software intensive systems.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Intelligent Network Flow Optimization (INFLO)
KW  - ITS program applications
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Software
KW  - System architecture
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54800/54845/INFLO-Architecture-Description-FINAL-508-compliant_FHWA-JPO-14-170.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1355758
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577882
TI  - 2014-161 (VIS) Visibility Program Technical Support for Supplemental Notice of Proposed Amendment

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Amendments
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - Visibility
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371187
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01503535
TI  - Measuring the Effectiveness of Public Involvement
AB  - The Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) seeks to engage Arizonans in meaningful public participation in the planning, design, construction, and operation of transportation facilities. While all public participation opportunities are currently developed with high quality process and performance in mind, ADOT believes there is room to improve community relations through more effective public involvement. Currently, the Communications Division, which has primary responsibility for public involvement on ADOT projects, does not have the means to measure how well its efforts meet the agency's objectives or the expectations of the public and other stakeholders. Thus, there is a need to define effectiveness within the context of ADOT's public outreach, e.g., in light of National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) requirements, to better understand the degree to which past public involvement efforts have been effective, and to determine the strategies, tools, and techniques that have been more effective than others. There is also a need to measure the success of public involvement on current and future projects, and to modify efforts to more closely match identified targets for effectiveness. This study will develop and test measures of the effectiveness of public involvement efforts on a range of ADOT projects in both rural and urban areas, and will develop recommendations for the implementation of such measures at the department.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - City planning
KW  - Measures of effectiveness
KW  - Outreach
KW  - Planning and design
KW  - Project management
KW  - Public participation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285750
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551252
AU  - Wolfe, Daniel
AU  - Silmon, Vincent
AU  - Plesko, Todd
AU  - Miller, Kevin
AU  - Dallas Area Rapid Transit
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - Marketing Plan: Dallas Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) Demonstration Project
PY  - 2014/01/06/Final Report
SP  - 22p
AB  - North Central Texas is a unique region in terms of its combination of recent, current and projected size, growth rate, ethnic diversity, and transportation profile – specifically in relation to congestion. This document summarizes a plan to market the US 75 Integrated Corridor Management Project by positioning 511DFW from its inception so that it is readily understood and adopted by those segments of the population that account for most of the growth and most of the new, emerging needs for traveler information.
KW  - Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan Area
KW  - Integrated corridor management
KW  - Marketing
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - Traveler information and communication systems
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54100/54134/FHWA-JPO-14-112_v2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340035
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551433
AU  - Roberts, Ed
AU  - Miller, Kevin
AU  - Oberlander, Andy
AU  - Dallas Area Rapid Transit
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - Operations and Maintenance Plan: Dallas Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) Demonstration Project
PY  - 2014/01/03/Final Report
SP  - 94p
AB  - This Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Plan describes how the Integrated Corridor Management System (ICMS) will be used in daily transportation operations and maintenance activities. The Plan addresses the activities needed to effectively operate the US-75 Corridor in a coordinated, multi-modal basis. This Operations and Maintenance Plan is separate from operating manuals and maintenance manuals used in daily operations by agencies or provided by system or component developers or suppliers. Those documents describe detailed procedures, whereas this Plan describes resources, organization, responsibilities, policies, and activities.
KW  - Dallas (Texas)
KW  - Integrated corridor management
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - Transportation operations
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54100/54131/Dallas_ICM_-_Final_Operations_and_Maintenance_PLan_508_v2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340037
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01609426
TI  - Graphene Nano-Platelet (GNP) Reinforced Asphalt Mixtures: A Novel Multifunctional Pavement Material
AB  - This project developed and tested asphalt binders and mixtures reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) as a multifunctional pavement material. Work in the initial phase of the project focused on evaluating the mechanical properties of GNP-reinforced asphalt binders and mixtures. It also resulted in the development of a detailed method for material preparation and a quantitative analysis of the effect of GNP on the mechanical properties of asphalt binders and mixtures. It was found that the GNP could be mixed with asphalt binders without major dispersion problems. Binder and mixture specimens prepared with different amounts of GNP were subjected to three types of mechanical tests: (i) a complex modulus test at room temperature, (ii) indirect tension creep and strength tests measuring the relaxation and strength properties, and (iii) a fracture test at low temperature measuring the fracture energy. These tests showed that the addition of GNP greatly enhanced the flexural strength of asphalt binders at low temperatures, moderately improved the creep stiffness, and had no adverse effects on relaxation properties. It was also observed that, compared with conventional asphalt mixtures, GNP-reinforced asphalt mixture specimens exhibited better cracking resistance in terms of strength and fracture energy. However, GNP addition did not improve the electrical conductivity of the asphalt materials. In the second and final phase, the compaction process of GNP-reinforced asphalt mixtures was investigated. This involved determining (i) the compaction effort in terms of the number of gyrations for a targeted air void ratio, (ii) the air void ratio that can be achieved for a given compaction effort, and (iii) the compaction temperature for a given compaction effort and target air void ratio. It was experimentally observed that the addition of GNP significantly reduced the number of gyrations needed to compact the mixtures to a target air void ratio. The reduction ranged from 15% to 40% for different mix designs. Furthermore, the GNP allowed successful compaction at a lower temperature. In parallel with compaction experiments, a series of rut experiments was performed on GNP-reinforced asphalt mixtures in collaboration with the Minnesota Department of Transportation. The addition of GNP was seen to lead to an improvement in the rut performance of the mixtures.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Asphalt based materials
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Flexural strength
KW  - Low temperature
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavements
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3753
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1421245
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01556449
TI  - Legal Problems Arising out of Highway Programs. Topic 20-04. Due Diligence for Insurance Coverage in Transportation Construction Contracts
AB  - Federal and State laws and regulations require that contractors provide evidence of insurance for road and bridge construction contracts over specified amounts. The insurance is required to cover general liability, workers compensation, automobile and other risks. The insurance also has required minimum limits of coverage. Each policy typically has exclusions for pollution liability or conditions of force majeure. Most construction contracts specify that the contractor file certificates of insurance showing the contracting agency as an additional named insured as evidence of coverage. This requirement is not enough to protect the contracting agency. Transportation officials need to know the extent of due diligence required to obtain the value of insurance that is specified. This due diligence will require a review and understanding of underlying insurance policy language. This report will summarize the important issues and troubling language encountered during a review of the underlying policies and provide recommended language and solutions. The objective of this research is to identify the most prevalent problems encountered in administration of these insurance policies and to illustrate solutions. The research will include a discussion of what contract language and specifications is recommended to protect the contracting agency. A checklist of points, positions, and recommended language to be verified during agency review will be provided. The research will identify resources available to the agency reviewer to assist in explanation of language in insurance policies.
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Federal laws
KW  - Liability insurance
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Workers compensation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3765
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345744
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547550
TI  - Rapid Detection of Fatigue Cracking in Steel Anchor Rods using the Impulse Response Method
AB  - This project will develop and experimentally validate a nondestructive test procedure based on the impulse response method for rapid detection of fatigue cracking in auxiliary highway structure anchor rods. Work in Stage 1 will focus on the experimental and numerical development of the impulse response method as a nondestructive evaluation method for detection of fatigue cracking in steel anchor rods. Utilizing experimental testing and numerical finite element simulations, the proposed study will determine an appropriate range of stress wave frequencies for crack detection, and will evaluate/develop mechanical impact sources that are able to accurately and reliably generate the desired stress wave response. Large-scale structure-foundation connection assemblages, representative of those utilized for auxiliary highway structures, will be fabricated and tested in the laboratory. Fatigue cracks in anchor rods will be artificially generated by cyclically loading notched rods prior to casting them in concrete foundation blocks. Fatigue crack locations will be selected based on observations published in the technical literature, as well as data obtained through a survey to state departments of transportation (DOTs.) The experiments will include use of a large-scale environmental test chamber to simulate a range of environmental exposure conditions. Stage 1 will also develop robust and reliable signal processing and data interpretation algorithms for crack detection in steel anchor rods. The challenges associated with applying impulse response testing to anchor rods necessitate the application of signal processing and data interpretation algorithms that are capable of handling (a) variation in design and as-built conditions, (b) variation in crack size and location, and (c) variation in environmental exposure, all of which influence stress wave characteristics, attenuation, and reflection. The signal processing and data interpretation algorithms will seek to provide a relatively high level of sensitivity for crack detection, considering that fatigue cracks spend long periods of time as a small fraction of the anchor rod diameter. Following the laboratory work in Stage 1, a series of field trials will be conducted in Stage 2 to validate the nondestructive test procedure under actual service conditions. Pennsylvania and Delaware DOTs will provide access to auxiliary highway structures with known anchor rod damage states. The field trial experience will be used to identify remaining work to facilitate practical implementation, and to develop specifications for prototype instrumentation and procedural guidelines for inspection personnel that facilitate the transfer of this knowledge and technology to practice, therefore, ensuring that the end product is tractable and readily adaptable to routine inspection programs.
KW  - Anchor bolts
KW  - Delaware
KW  - Fatigue cracking
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Foundations
KW  - Highway structures
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Pennsylvania
KW  - Reinforcement (Engineering)
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3755
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334987
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543604
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 350. U.S. Bicycle Route Guide Signing
AB  - The objective of this project was to evaluate the signing needed for effective wayfinding and consistency on co-designated numbered and/or named bicycle routes, specifically U.S. Bicycle Routes, recognizing funding and resource constraints. The final report provides recommendations for an effective method for integrating existing named and numbered routes and trails into a national route system.
KW  - Bicycling
KW  - Bikeways
KW  - Guide signs
KW  - Routes
KW  - United States
KW  - Wayfinding
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3603
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331557
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01572295
TI  - Evaluation of Thin Asphalt Overlay Practice Preserving Nebraska's Asphalt Pavements
AB  - The proposed research will evaluate the current thin asphalt overlay practices implemented in Nebraska. To that end, the two mixtures (i.e., SLX and SPH) will be compared by conducting laboratory tests that measure their mechanical properties and performance characteristics. The laboratory test results will also be used in a finite element program for predicting pavement performance behavior. This will provide insights into how the thin asphalt overlay with SLX behaves compared to the previous practice, which replaced the old 2-inch asphalt with a new mixture of SPH. In addition, the model simulation results of the thin lift overlays will be compared to actual field performance observations monitored over time.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Chip seals
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Preservation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1363915
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566099
TI  - Performance Life of HMA Mixes
AB  - In any pavement construction process there are dozens of parameters that will ultimately impact the performance of the roadway, and with new materials and processes developed every year, trying to predict the performance of a pavement becomes increasingly more difficult. One of the pavement layers that is important to pavement performance is the hot mix asphalt (HMA).  Mix types, such as permeable friction course (PFC), stone mastic asphalt (SMA), performance design mixes and conventional dense graded mixes are currently used to construct or overlay  roads. Currently, the estimated performance life of different HMA mixes (including the frequency of overlay) by the designers is highly subjective.  Unfortunately, many parameters that can be used to access the service life of pavement layers are stored autonomously, and historically has been impossible to link together. As a result, many state highway agencies have only been capable of performing a qualitative analysis on a handful of factors to predict how a pavement will perform.
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Service life
KW  - State highway departments
KW  - Stone matrix asphalt
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/cait/research/performance-life-hma-mixes
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357050
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01559854
TI  - COLLABORATIVE PROPOSAL: Enhancing Nitrogen Removal in Stormwater Treatment Facilities For Transportation
AB  - Stormwater discharge from roadways is a point source of pollution and thus subject to regulation under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting program. As a co-permittee along with municipalities, State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) must comply with Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) regulations for bacteria and nutrients and work towards achieving prescribed waste load allocations. TMDL is the maximum amount of a pollutant that a waterbody can receive without violating the water quality standards. In Delaware, nutrient loading to surface waters is one of the leading causes of water quality impairment, and in order to meet water quality standards in the state's nutrient impaired waterways TMDL regulations require the systematic reduction of all point source discharges of nitrogen and phosphorus into these waterways - including those from roadways. Stormwater treatment technologies, such as detention ponds, can remove nutrients effectively. However, the increased nutrient removal required by TMDL regulations will be costly, since more real estate is required for increased treatment with existing technologies. New treatment technologies are needed that significantly reduce the footprint required for stormwater systems treating roadway runoff - which would result in significant cost reductions for State DOTs.
KW  - Drainage
KW  - National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Runoff
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Total maximum daily loads
KW  - Water quality management
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/cait/research/collaborative-proposal-enhancing-nitrogen-removal-stormwater-treatment-facilities-tran
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1348940
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545059
TI  - Super-Weathering Steel for Infrastructure Applications
AB  - This project developed and tested the mechanical, fracture toughness, weathering, and welding properties of a new "super" weathering (SW), cost-competitive steel for transportation infrastructure applications. The new steel's compositions were modifications of the composition of an ASTM A710 Grade B 70-ksi-yield, copper-precipitation-strengthening, hot-rolled and air-cooled steel, previously developed at Northwestern University, that showed excellent fracture properties at low temperatures and a corrosion loss about 40% less than that in A709 HPS70W steel (as measured in automotive accelerated SAE J2334 test at Bethlehem Steel/Arcelor Mittal). To increase the weatherability of steel phosphorus appears to be the most potent element to enhance the corrosion resistance of steel. However, phosphorus also increases the steel's brittleness. Consequently addition of phosphorus to A710 Grade B steel (developed previously at Northwestern University) and mitigation of the steel embrittlement by addition of specific amount of titanium to keep phosphorous from migration to the grain boundaries was the approach taken in this Innovations Deserving Exploratory Analysis (IDEA) project. Other elements, such as chromium and molybdenum, which enhance steel weathering, were also added. Four steels were designed and tested. The steels were very ductile and fracture-tough to -100°F, thus significantly outperforming the requirements of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A709 bridge steel standard. No brittle heat-affected zone was formed as result of high-power laser welding simulation, thus indicating that the steels could be easily welded without pre- or post-welding heat-treatment. The accelerated studies indicated that developed steels have better weathering characteristics than A588 weathering steels that are currently used for bridge construction. The production of the newly developed steels does not require special processing or thermal treatment; therefore, these steels can be produced by any steel manufacturer in any steel-plate sizes.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Fracture properties
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Testing
KW  - Weathering steel
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3349
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332513
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01502399
TI  - Cloud-based Federation and Fusion of Distributed Geospatial Data Sources for Supporting Hurricane Response: Requirements, Challenges, and Opportunities
AB  - Unlike most weather events, hurricanes have the capacity to topple a large region within a span of a few days. Increasingly, preparing for and responding to a major hurricane event involves intensive collaborations between multiple agencies and organizations, some of them are geographically distant. To facilitate large-scale collaborations, technology is required that enables data at multiple sites, often geospatially coded, to be interlinked and presented as a unified source, allowing stakeholders to perform integrative analyses. However, such collaborations are often hampered by several obstacles: (1) Agencies and utility owners are often reluctant to openly share their own data sets due to their concerns on data security; (2) Sharing and moving of large-scale data sets are difficult, especially over the internet; and (3) Lack of data management solutions that are both scalable and distributed to accommodate various integrative analysis needs. As the result, integrative analyses of system vulnerabilities and system-level planning on response and recovery actions are often not possible.
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Database management systems
KW  - Disaster preparedness
KW  - Emergency management
KW  - Geospatial analysis
KW  - Hurricanes
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/cait/research/cloud-based-federation-and-fusion-distributed-geospatial-data-sources-supporting-hurri
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1283975
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01612316
AU  - Zaman, Musharraf
AU  - Pittenger, Dominique
AU  - Gransberg, Douglas
AU  - Bulut, Rifat
AU  - Commuri, Sesh
AU  - University of Oklahoma, Norman
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Develop Draft Chip Seal Cover Aggregate Specification Based On Aggregate Imaging System (AIMS) Angularity, Shape, And Texture Test Results
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 123p
AB  - The objective of the study is to improve Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) chip seal design and performance through introducing new criteria for the selection of cover aggregate and binder. The study evaluates the shape and texture-related index properties, as well as durability, of commonly used cover aggregates in chip seal programs in Oklahoma. Additionally, it provides a methodology for inclusion of these characteristics as a metric in future chip seal specifications. The study includes both laboratory testing and construction and performance evaluation of chip seal test sections.  The study quantifies how well the newly developed performance-based uniformity coefficient (PUC) correlates with chip seal performance in Oklahoma, and if it should be incorporated into state chip seal specifications. It has generated aggregate-binder compatibility data, based on the surface free energy (compatibility ratio) approach, for commonly used aggregates and asphalt emulsion binders in Oklahoma. Moreover, the chip seal construction practice followed by different ODOT Maintenance Divisions was documented and the best practice identified.  This repository of information will be a useful resource for ODOT maintenance divisions.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Chip seals
KW  - Durability
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Shape
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Texture
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/60000/60300/60302/FHWA-OK-14-01_2239_Zaman.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423488
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611973
AU  - Bulut, Rifat
AU  - Muraleetharan, K K "Muralee"
AU  - Zaman, Musharraf
AU  - Yue, Er
AU  - Chen, Lizhou
AU  - Soltani, Hoda
AU  - Hossain, Zahid
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of the Enhanced Integrated Climatic Model for Specification of Subgrade Soils in Oklahoma
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 121p
AB  - The main objective of this study was to collect and evaluate climatic and soil data pertaining to Oklahoma for the climatic model (EICM) in the mechanistic-empirical design guide for pavements. The EICM climatic input files were updated and extended over a large area covering Oklahoma climatic conditions. Large cluster of raw climate and soil moisture data were obtained from the Oklahoma Mesonet for evaluation and used in creating the necessary input parameters for the climatic model. Historical climatic data were also employed for classifying climatic regions in Oklahoma using cluster analysis. Thornthwaite Moisture Index (TMI) contour maps were created using the climatic data and ArcGIS software. A comprehensive validation study was also undertaken in comparing the moisture migration processes in the EICM and commercially available software using the climatic and soil data in Oklahoma.
KW  - Climate
KW  - Cluster analysis
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Enhanced Integrated Climatic Model
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
KW  - Validation
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/60000/60300/60305/FHWA-OK-14-05_2160_Bulut.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423499
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01605610
AU  - Chen, S S
AU  - Hu, H Hu
AU  - Ali, N Ali
AU  - Srikonda, R
AU  - Research Foundation of SUNY
AU  - State University of New York, Buffalo
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bridge Data File Protocols for Interoperability and Life Cycle Management Volume III - Model View Definition Elements for Highway Bridge Interoperable Data Protocols
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 213p
AB  - This report and its accompanying appendices contain Model View Definition (MVD) elements for structured digital data exchanged during the lifecycle of typical steel and concrete bridges. These define what information is to be included in the data exchanges, how that information is organized, and to what level of detail that information is defined. In contrast to traditional drawings, structured data can be leveraged for re-use in many different ways, but to structure that data requires a 'schema' or template for such structure.
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Data files
KW  - Data sharing
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Interoperability
KW  - Steel bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/protocols/hif16003_v3.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1416737
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576170
AU  - Tsai, Yichang (James)
AU  - Wang, Zhaohua
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Critical Assessment of I-85 CRCP Crack Spacing Patterns and Their Implications for Long-term
Performance
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 129p
AB  - Transverse crack patterns in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) are important indicators of pavement performance. This study is a) to study the Mean Crack Spacing (MCS) and localized cracks of a newly constructed CRCP and compare them with a 40-year-old, in-service CRCP, and b) to establish a location reference framework to support a long-term temporal crack pattern propagation analysis. Crack patterns were critically assessed in a 52-lane-mile CRCP on I-85 constructed in 2011 southwest of Atlanta, Georgia, and were compared with the ones in a 6-lane-mile CRCP on I-20 built in 1972 west of Atlanta. A semi-automatic method was conducted to extract and register the detailed crack maps using 2D pavement images and high-resolution global positioning system (GPS) data. The statistical analysis on all 1,000-ft roadway segments shows that the average crack spacing on I-85 is smaller than the one on I-20 and the MCSs are generally bounded by the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (M-E PDG) recommended range (3 to 6 ft.). There is no segment on I-85 with MCS less than 2 ft. The MCSs on I-20 are well bounded by the 1993 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) recommended range (3.5 to 8 ft.), but at the upper end of M-E PDG range. This early stage of crack pattern analysis and the accurate lane-based location reference has established a solid foundation and framework for potential follow-on studies to correlate crack patterns with the actual pavement performance, such as punchout, smoothness, and structure/foundation deficiency.
KW  - Atlanta (Georgia)
KW  - Continuously reinforced concrete pavements
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Spacing
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Transverse cracking
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-39.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1369392
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01575726
AU  - Bulut, Rifat
AU  - Chen, Lizhou
AU  - Mantri, Sruthi
AU  - Amer, Omar
AU  - Tian, Yi
AU  - Zaman, Musharraf
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Drying Shrinkage Problems in High PI Subgrade Soils
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 141p
AB  - The main objective of this study was to investigate the longitudinal cracking in pavements due to drying shrinkage of high PI subgrade soils. The study involved laboratory soil testing and modeling. The shrinkage cracks usually occur within the vicinity of the edge of the pavement where moisture boundary conditions play a significant role in the behavior of expansive subgrade soils. The study investigated the shrinkage problems in pavement subgrade soils at four sites in Oklahoma. The soil specimens collected from the sites were tested for the basic index properties as well as soil suction and unsaturated diffusivity measurements. Various ranges of the test results have been implemented in suction profile and tensile stress prediction models for evaluating the typical suction changes and the corresponding tensile stresses in subgrade soils.
KW  - Longitudinal cracking
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Plasticity index
KW  - Shrinkage
KW  - Soil suction
KW  - Soils
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
KW  - Tensile stresses
UR  - http://l92018.eos-intl.net/elibsql16_L92018_Documents/FHWA-OK-14-02%202236%20Bulut%20Revised.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1363442
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01569149
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Risk Assessment for Public–Private Partnerships: A Primer
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 36p
AB  - This primer addresses the issue of risk assessment for Public–private partnerships (P3s). This primer is structured as follows: How the extent of risk transfer varies by type of project and type of P3 contract is discussed in chapter 2. The key types of risks faced in P3 projects are outlined in chapter 3. The analysis of project risks to assess their cost impacts is discussed in chapter 4, and how risks are optimally allocated between the public and private sectors to minimize total project life-cycle costs is explained in chapter 5. In chapter 6, there is a discussion of how costs of risks under conventional and P3 procurements may be incorporated into Value for Money (VfM) analyses, which is often used to compare the two procurement options, and a summary and conclusion are provided in chapter 7.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Costs
KW  - Procurement
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Value for money
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/p3/p3_primer_risk_assessment_021014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55261/p3_primer_risk_assessment_021014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359493
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560970
AU  - Boston, Thomas D
AU  - Uwaifo-Oyelere, Ruth
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Economic Development and Workforce Impacts of State DOT Highway Expenditures
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 72p
AB  - The research measured the impact of Georgia Department of Transportation’s (GDOT's) highway expenditures on economic activity in the State. The analysis covered awards made between January 2009 and April 2013. The research is unique in that it not only examined economic impacts statewide, but also for each of Georgia’s 159 counties and seven GDOT Administrative Districts. The Impact Analysis for Planning (IMPLAN) model was used to generate six impacts at each geographic level. They included the following: total output, value added in production, new jobs created, household income, small business revenue and tax revenues. GDOT’s highway expenditures of $3.094 billion were estimated to have created 51,246 new jobs and generated $5.859 billion in economic output. The study also found that expenditures supported by the Federal Fiscal Stimulus program created 15,088 jobs. A most important finding is the impact per dollar spent differed significantly across counties and GDOT Districts. In other words, $1.0 million spent on highway projects in County A did not generate the same economic activity and number of jobs as did $1.0 million spent on identical projects in County B. An important recommendation therefore is that GDOT planners must take these differential impacts into consideration in order to maximize the effect of highway expenditures on local economic development.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Counties
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Georgia Department of Transportation
KW  - Highways
KW  - Income
KW  - Jobs
KW  - Revenues
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-19.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1350692
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557299
AU  - Santamarina, J Carlos
AU  - Papadopoulos, Efthymios
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
TI  - Inverted Base Pavements: New Field Test & Design Catalogue
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 159p
AB  - The current economic situation has severely affected the U.S. road infrastructure and funding has become inadequate for either maintenance or future growth. The inverted base pavement structure is a promising alternative to achieve high quality roads at considerably lower cost than conventional pavements. The proximity of the unbound granular base layer to the tire load makes the response of the granular base critical to the performance of the pavement structure. Therefore extensive material characterization is conducted on the granular materials that make the base. In particular, a true triaxial chamber is developed to study the mechanical response and the stress-dependent stiffness of granular bases. A novel method is developed to assess the as-built stress-dependent anisotropic stiffness of granular bases in-situ using both crosshole and uphole test configurations. The two inverted base pavements built in Georgia at the Morgan County quarry haul road and the Lagrange south Loop are tested as part of this study. A nonlinear orthotropic constitutive model is selected to capture the deformational behavior of compacted granular bases. The response of the pavement is analyzed by implementing this constitutive behavior in a three-dimensional finite-element model. Different pavement structures are simulated. It is shown that thin asphalt concrete layers resting directly on granular bases deform as membranes. Finally, numerical simulations are extended to compare inverted base pavements to conventional pavements used in practice. Results highlight the inadequacy of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials' (AASHTO's) structural layer coefficient for the analysis of inverted base pavement structures as well as the potential economic advantages of inverted base pavements.
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Granular bases
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Stiffness
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346747
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01556730
AU  - Weir, Monica
AU  - Mandell, Angelic
AU  - Farver, John
AU  - Bowling Green State University
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Role of Sulfates on Highway Heave in Lake County, Ohio
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 43p
AB  - Samples from borings in areas of heave on Route 2, Lake County, Ohio were analyzed for the amount, mineral form, and distribution of sulfates. In addition, samples of non-stabilized (NSS) and cement-stabilized (CSS) soils from three stations along Route 2 were analyzed for mineralogy and sulfate content. Finally, swell tests were run using the NSS samples to evaluate the degree of swelling and the role of ettringite. The sulfate content in the natural subgrade soil samples range from low (<3000 ppm) to unacceptable risk (>10,000 ppm) for heaving based on the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) guidelines, and 36% tested above the moderate risk level (>5000 ppm). Gypsum and/or anhydrite were detected in 64% of the samples. The CSS samples contained white precipitates that were largely calcite, but with measurable amounts of ettringite as well. The NSS did not contain ettringite but had sulfate levels of moderate to high risk (4880 to 6107 ppm). Swelling of up to 8% was observed in the swell test samples; however, the amount of swelling did not correlated with the amount of sulfate present in the soil. Ettringite crystals were found in all of the swell test specimens after the experiment. In some cases the crystals were flat and coated the soil particles while others were long needle-like crystals that radiate out from bundles. This difference in crystal shape is thought to relate to the difference between primary and secondary ettringite growth in the samples.
KW  - Blowup (Pavements)
KW  - Ettringite
KW  - Soil stabilization
KW  - Soil tests
KW  - Soils
KW  - Sulfates
KW  - Swelling soils
UR  - http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Planning/SPR/Research/reportsandplans/Reports/2014/Construction/134694_FR.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345497
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01555804
AU  - Gong, Jie
AU  - Krishnamoorthy, Raghav
AU  - Roda, Andrés M
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Development of a Real-Time Vibrator Tracking System for Intelligent Concrete Consolidation
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 45p
AB  - Proper consolidation of concrete is critical to the long-term strength of concrete bridge structures. Vibration is a commonly used method to make concrete flowable and to remove the excessive entrapped air, therefore contributing to proper concrete consolidation. To introduce vibrations to freshly placed concrete, various tools such as internal vibrators are widely used in the construction industry. Producing a dense concrete without segregation with these tools requires an experienced vibrator operator. Inexperienced vibrator operators tend to over-consolidate or under-consolidate concrete. Many of these quality problems have their roots in the lack of quality control methods that can provide real-time feedback on the quality of concrete consolidation to vibrator operators. The proposed research developed a real-time wireless sensing-based internal vibrator tip tracking system to support intelligent concrete consolidation operations. The research team explored the use of an Ultra Wideband (UWB) tracking system to realize precise localization of the tip of an internal vibrator. A series of indoor and outdoor experiments are conducted to validate and model the tracking accuracy. A visualization program was developed to visualize operators’ vibration effort in real-time. More specifically, the program is capable of displaying vibration location and time in real-time. A vibrator operator can leverage such information to visualize the distribution of his vibration effort, and spot areas that may need mitigation actions. The new concrete consolidation tool will allow contractors to proactively address concrete consolidation issues, a problem common to many concrete construction projects.
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Consolidation
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Vibration
KW  - Visualization
KW  - Wireless sensors
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-027-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342957
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554200
AU  - Tayabji, Shiraz
AU  - Rao, Shree
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Precast Concrete Pavement Technology: Marketing Plan for Implementation of Products from SHRP2 Project R05
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 62p
AB  - This project is a national effort to support the implementation of products developed under the recently completed Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP2) Project R05 on Precast Concrete Pavement (PCP) Technology. Managed by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) through partnership with the American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the goals of this project are to accelerate the implementation of PCP technology for rapid repair and rehabilitation of the nation’s highway system, thereby reducing construction related congestion, improving safety, lowering life cycle costs, improving performance of repair and rehabilitation treatments, and fostering innovation. The PCP technology products were identified and detailed in the final report for SHRP2 Project R05, published during early 2013. The Project R05 products for jointed and prestressed (post-tensioned) PCP systems include best practices guidelines for: PCP design, PCP fabrication, PCP installation, PCP project selection, and PCP system acceptance. These guidelines (products) and other recently developed related products are implementation-ready. This marketing plan provides an overall framework for carrying out activities that will support delivery and implementation of these promising PCP technology products. A technical report summarizing the discussions from a FHWA PCP Expert Task Group (ETG) meeting held in Washington, DC, March 5-6, 2014 is attached as Appendix B. The marketing plan implementation activities will incorporate the discussions from the ETG meeting.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Marketing
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Precast concrete pavements
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/concrete/pubs/hif14005.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342628
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554154
AU  - Seraj, Saamiya
AU  - Cano, Rachel
AU  - Liu, Shukui
AU  - Whitney, David
AU  - Fowler, David
AU  - Ferron, Raissa
AU  - Zhu, Jinying
AU  - Juenger, Maria
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating the Performance of Alternative Supplementary Cementing Material in Concrete
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 143p
AB  - Uncertainty in the supply of Class F fly ash due to impending environmental restrictions has made it imperative to find and test alternate sources of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) that can provide similar strength and durability benefits to concrete as Class F fly ash. This project summarizes the key findings of research that was conducted to characterize and evaluate the performance of eight natural pozzolans, commercially available in Texas, to assess their potential as Class F fly ash replacements in concrete. Of the eight pozzolans tested, six were found to be viable alternatives for Class F fly ash. Methods to further enhance the performance of these SCMs were explored and guidelines are provided on the optimum SCM replacement levels for different applications. Finally, recommendations are presented on how to improve current testing practices for SCMs.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Cement
KW  - Durability
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pozzolan
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6717-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342743
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544596
AU  - Bjella, Kevin L
AU  - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
AU  - Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Dalton Highway 9 to 11 Mile Expedient Resistivity Permafrost Investigation
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 43p
AB  - This project performed capacitive coupled resistivity surveys over a roadway reconstruction project in Interior Alaska, for the determination of permafrost extent. The objective was to ascertain the ability of an expedient earth resistivity survey system to effectively obtain permafrost information to be utilized for design. This section of roadway traverses ice-rich discontinuous permafrost terrain, and to prevent costly long term thaw-settlement, thermal mitigation was included in the form of subsurface extruded polystyrene rigid board insulation. To insure optimal installation of the thermal protection, an effective method was needed to determine the location and depth of frozen soil. Two transects were surveyed along the existing roadway surface for nearly the full length of the project. In addition, continuous soil samples were drilled at select portions of the project for ground-truth of the survey results. Lastly, sub-grade soils samples were collected during excavation of the ice-rich cuts areas for further correlation with survey results.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Frozen soils
KW  - Permafrost
KW  - Resistivity method
UR  - http://www.dot.state.ak.us/stwddes/research/assets/pdf/fhwa_ak_rd_13_08.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329345
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541514
AU  - Wang, Hao
AU  - Gangaram, Rashmi
AU  - Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Life Cycle Assessment of Asphalt Pavement Maintenance
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - This study aims at developing a life cycle assessment (LCA) model to quantify the impact of pavement preservation on energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The construction stage contains material, manufacture, transportation and placement phases. The Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) model and the Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) were used to analyze fuel consumption and emissions treated by different preservation treatments. Surface characteristics such as roughness, texture and deflection were taken into account in tire rolling resistance. The thin overlay was found to have the highest energy consumption and emissions among four preservation treatments during construction stage, but at the same time resulted in the greatest reduction of energy and emission at usage stage. If only construction stage is considered, energy and emissions are ruled by use of amount of material and manufacture process. The reductions of GHG emission at usage stage are  much greater than the GHG emission produced at construction stage for all preservation treatments. Excluding the usage stage will omit the fact that construction stage has less impact on pavement LCA than usage stage. The study results provide valuable insights in selecting sustainable pavement maintenance strategies from an environmental view point.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Highway Development and Management Tool (HDM-4)
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES)
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Rolling resistance
KW  - Surface treating
UR  - https://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-013-final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1325172
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538301
AU  - Ullman, Gerald
AU  - Schroeder, Jeremy
AU  - Battelle Company
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Mitigating Work Zone Safety and Mobility Challenges through Intelligent Transportation Systems: Case Studies
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 66p
AB  - This report documents several case studies of how agencies used work zone intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to mitigate safety and mobility issues in work zones. The report illustrates how to apply a systems engineering-based decision-making process to designing, selecting, and implementing a system to address work zone needs. The report presents the steps followed by the agency/contractor in this decision-making framework for five specific projects. The work zone ITS deployments documented provide examples of selecting and deploying commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) systems; a tailored design and integration of ITS for a specific work zone purpose; and using and supplementing permanent ITS deployments for work zone management purposes. Tips are provided for how to effectively apply ITS to  other work zones.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14007/fhwahop14007.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1321435
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534768
AU  - Boisvert, Denis M
AU  - New Hampshire Department of Transportation
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - New Hampshire Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of an Automatic Bridge Anti-Icing System
PY  - 2014/01//June 2005 to June 2008
SP  - 14p
AB  - Some bridges and roadways are prone to moisture and icing conditions at times when there is no precipitation or when the rest of the highway system does not require treatment. These occurrences are difficult to predict. They delay the treatment of these surfaces and heighten driver exposure to unsafe conditions. This project involved the installation and evaluation of an automated anti-icing system intended to preemptively treat a bridge surface with deicing chemical and eliminate the icing potential at the site. The three-year observation period and subsequent unofficial monitoring of the system operation has demonstrated that the system is effective in protecting the deck from icing. The system is used in conjunction with normal surface treatments during precipitation events as a cost savings measure. Following six years of service, the deck equipment was salvaged to allow for installation of a hot mix asphalt overlay and then re-installed. The New Hampshire Department of Transportation (NHDOT) intends to incorporate the system into the deck replacement project for this bridge, presently scheduled for 2018.
KW  - Anti-icing
KW  - Automatic control
KW  - Automation
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Ice prevention
KW  - New Hampshire
KW  - Snow and ice control
UR  - http://www.nh.gov/dot/org/projectdevelopment/materials/research/projects/documents/FHWA-NH-RD-13733G.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320435
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530945
AU  - Daziano, Ricardo A
AU  - Motoaki, Yutaka
AU  - Cornell University
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Data Collection and Econometric Analysis of the Demand for Non-motorized Transportation
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 85p
AB  - In this project, a latent class model was derived with a class assignment mechanism based on the latent bicycle status of the respondent. Two segments were identified: more-skilled and experienced cyclists, versus less-skilled- and non-cyclists. The two segments have different sensitivities to the factors that may encourage or discourage riding a bike. For instance, slope inclination is considered almost 3 times as bad by less-skilled cyclists. Heavy traffic affects twice as much to less-skilled cyclists, who also consider rain to be 2.4 times more bothersome (and snow almost 4 times more bothersome) than more-skilled cyclists. On the other hand, bike lanes are 1.6 times more appreciated by less-skilled cyclists. Because in cycling route decisions there is no direct monetary cost involved, to analyze differences in the taste parameters the authors have proposed to use the ratio of the marginal rate of substitution with respect to travel time. In addition, the diminishing negative effect of a hilly topography (slope inclination) was measured as a function of the physical condition of the cyclist. In terms of policy recommendations, the results suggest that the provision of bike lanes may encourage an increase in the modal share of cycling, especially among those individuals using a bike infrequently, or mostly for recreational purposes. This project also examined the performance of several ridership prediction models, including the Negative Binomial regression and time-series models such as SARIMA and SARIMAX. Using cycling counts for Portland, the authors show that the SARIMAX model that includes weather conditions (temperature and precipitation) as explanatory variables performs best in out-of-sample prediction. Future research in State Space models is needed to overcome the problems of SARIMAX when predicting ridership in periods with really poor weather. In sum, both the discrete choice and time series analyses coincide in that poor weather conditions are indeed a main determinant for discouraging cycling as a transportation alternative.
KW  - Bicycle travel
KW  - Choice models
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Modal split
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Nonmotorized transportation
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Weather
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Data-Collection-Econometric-Analysis.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1315783
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529328
AU  - Galarza, Patrick
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation and Specification of High Build and Special Use Waterborne Pavement Markings
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 43p
AB  - High build waterborne traffic paints and highly retro-reflective elements were applied at various locations to evaluate their practicality for use by New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) Maintenance forces. In addition, highly reflective elements were applied within grooved in areas to protect the elements and determine if grooving the markings extends service life. High build traffic paint from 2 manufactures was applied at various locations. Performance of high build paint was not noticeably different than standard traffic paint, ceramic elements performed well under dry and wet conditions, grooving operation was costly but showed potential for durability and protection of highly retro-reflective elements.
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Pavement grooving
KW  - Retroreflectivity
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Traffic paint
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-06-23%20Final%20Report_%20Jan-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313775
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01527166
AU  - Strocko, Ed
AU  - Sprung, Michael
AU  - Nguyen, Long
AU  - Rick, Christopher
AU  - Sedor, Joanne
AU  - Science Applications International Corporation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Freight Facts and Figures 2013
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 100p
AB  - This report provides an overview of freight transportation, focusing on the volume and value of freight shipments, the extent of the freight network, industry employment and productivity patterns, and related safety, energy use, and environmental effects. Economic and social characteristics of the United States also are provided as background information. Metric data are available for several tables as well.
KW  - Demographics
KW  - Economic factors
KW  - Employment
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Safety
KW  - Shipments
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trade
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/nat_freight_stats/docs/13factsfigures/pdfs/fff2013_highres.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310865
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01523320
AU  - Garlock, Maria
AU  - Glassman, Jonathan
AU  - Labbouz, Samy
AU  - Princeton University
AU  - Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation
AU  - New Jersey Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Elevated Temperature Properties of A588 Weathering Steel
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 35p
AB  - In recent decades, bridge fires have become a major concern in the United States. Fire hazard in bridges can result in significant economic and public losses. New construction of bridges often use “Weathering Steel” (also known as “Corten Steel”), which has a corrosion-retarding effect since the steel forms a protective rust layer on its surface under the influence of the weather. To date, no information exists on the high temperature mechanical properties of weathering steel. The objective of this work is to develop a database of mechanical properties of A588 weathering steel that has been exposed to high temperatures. These properties include the residual (after heating and cooling) stress-strain, fracture toughness, and surface hardness. The parameters that are investigated include temperature (800°F, 1000°F, 1200°F, and 1500°F), cooling methods (in air (CIA), and in water (CIW), representing fire-fighting effects), and material. Experiments are also done in a steady-state elevated temperature condition. A comparison is made between A588 weathering steel, used widely for bridges, and another material whose chemical composition and mechanical properties allows it to be classified by ASTM as both an older weathering steel (A242), a steel commonly used in building construction (A992), and also a non-weathering steel used for bridges (A709 Grade 50). The studies showed that at temperatures of 1200°F and below, the residual material properties of both materials studied (representing the post-fire condition), were affected no more than on the order of 10% compared to the unheated steel. Examining the residual properties of the CIW specimens, there is a clear trend of decreasing fracture toughness with increasing temperature. There is also a clear trend of increasing hardness with increasing temperature. It is expected that the CIW method produces different microstructure changes than the CIA method, thus resulting in the trends observed. Specimens tested to 1500°F showed a significant change in response, especially for the CIW method of cooling. At this temperature, it is likely that the steel has gone through a phase change. Practically speaking, a bridge that reaches 1500°F will experience significant permanent deformations if this temperature is widespread and in that case it will likely need to be demolished. Based on the results obtained thus far, it is likely that if significant permanent deformations are not observed, a bridge of A588 weathering steel has the potential to be put back into service following a fire.
KW  - Fires
KW  - Fracture properties
KW  - Hardness
KW  - High temperature
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - Tension tests
KW  - Weathering steel
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-021-final_1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307066
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01523304
AU  - Schumacher, Thomas
AU  - McConnell, Jennifer Righman
AU  - Mhamdi, Lassaad
AU  - Ahmed, Shafique
AU  - University of Delaware, Newark
AU  - Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Quantitative Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Fatigue Cracks in Fracture Critical Steel Bridges
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 47p
AB  - The objective of this research is to evaluate the feasibility to employ quantitative acoustic emission (AE) techniques for monitoring of fatigue crack initiation and propagation in steel bridge members. Three A36 compact tension steel specimens were tested in the laboratory according the ASTM E647. AE sensor networks were deployed and recorded AE during the fatigue-type loading. Noise from the load application points represented a significant challenge. However, a number of events could be located and for a selected few a moment tensor inversion (MTI) was performed. Despite the challenges, the methodology has been  completely established and evaluated, and can be used in future testing.
KW  - Acoustic emission
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Fatigue cracking
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-007-final_0.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307063
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01523041
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Kodumuri, Pradeep
AU  - Lee, Seung-Kyoung
AU  - Virmani, Y Paul
TI  - The Century Challenge
PY  - 2014/01
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
AB  - Corrosion is a serious issue in bridge design. Corrosion can impair the long-term function and integrity of the structure of a steel bridge. Engineers have developed a variety of coatings that can protect steel surfaces from the elements. This coatings are critical for the durability and integrity of bridge structures. Most coating lasts about thirty years before major maintenance is required. Researchers at the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) are working to improve the service life of bridge coatings. A study from FHWA’s Coatings and Corrosion Laboratory worked to identify a coating system that could last for a hundred years with almost no maintenance. The study did not find any coating that filled this qualification.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Coatings
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Durability
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14janfeb/04.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306962
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01522967
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Strauss, Rachel
TI  - Setting the Bar for Excellence
PY  - 2014/01
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) sponsors the biennial Environmental Excellence Awards program, which recognizes outstanding contributions in achieving transportation goals while minimizing adverse effects on the natural environment. Recipients of the award have used FHWA funding to implement programs encouraging environmental stewardship and sustainable planning while meeting the country’s growing transportation needs. There are a variety of awards, covering different categories, such as air quality, environmental research, and nonmotorized transportation. For the 2013 awards, FHWA added three new categories: collaboration and partnership; geospatial tools, technology, and analysis; and programmatic agreements. The new categories reflect the changing state of the practice. The projects recognized by the awards represent significant achievements in preserving and enhancing the environment in the course of delivering transportation projects.
KW  - Awards
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14janfeb/03.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306961
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01522913
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Delcambre, Gordon J
TI  - When Disaster Strikes
PY  - 2014/01
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
AB  - The Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), published by the United States Department of Transportation’s Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), provides a roadmap for assessing the situation at the scene of a highway incident involving hazardous materials. The ERG helps first responders determine the nature of the material released and identify the appropriate procedure to secure the scene and ensure a safe and orderly response.  The guidebook is available for free to public safety agencies in all States and territories, plus Native American tribes. The ERG is revised every four years, continually evolving to accommodate new hazardous materials, technologies, and response tactics. In addition to print copies, it is now available on mobile devices.
KW  - Emergency management
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Hazardous materials
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - North American Emergency Response Guidebook
KW  - Traffic incidents
KW  - U.S. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14janfeb/02.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306960
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01522886
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Johnson, Judith
AU  - Butts, Laurie
TI  - Now Is the Time for Innovation
PY  - 2014/01
VL  - 77
IS  - 4
AB  - Much of the United States highway system is at the end of its design life and is inadequate for today’s traffic volumes. The deterioration of the system is causing issues for safety, mobility, and the economy. The second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2) aims to address these issues and renew the highway infrastructure. SHRP2 looks for innovative solutions that state departments of transportation (DOTs) can implement, with an aim to reduce traffic injuries and fatalities, complete road construction projects on time, and increase reliability of travel times, among other goals. SHRP2 support has helped several  state DOTs begin projects to upgrade highway systems.
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Highways
KW  - Modernization
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Service life
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/14janfeb/01.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306959
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522233
AU  - Ullman, Gerald
AU  - Schroeder, Jeremy
AU  - Gopalakrishna, Deepak
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Work Zone Intelligent Transportation Systems Implementation Guide: Use of Technology and Data for Effective Work Zone Management
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 80p
AB  - Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is the use of a broad range of communications-based information and electronics technologies to enhance transportation. Work zone ITS is the use of ITS to enhance transportation and improve safety and mobility in and around work zones. A work zone ITS deployment can be focused around safety or mobility, but often supports both goals, and can also enhance productivity. The systems are portable and temporary in most cases, although some deployments may use either existing fixed infrastructure or become a permanent system. The purpose of this document is to provide guidance on implementing ITS in work zones to assist public agencies, design and construction firms, and industry, including developers, manufacturers, distributors, packagers, and providers of devices, systems, and programs. Work zone ITS is one possible operational strategy of many potential solutions that an agency can include in a transportation management plan (TMP). This document summarizes key steps for successfully implementing ITS in work zones, using a systematic approach to provide a technical solution that accomplishes a specific set of clearly defined objectives. The document illustrates how a systems engineering process should be applied to determine the feasibility and design of work zone ITS for a given application, regardless of its scale, by walking through the key phases, from project concept through operation. These steps include assessment of needs; concept development and feasibility; detailed system planning and design; procurement; system deployment; and system operation, maintenance, and evaluation.
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Handbooks
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Needs assessment
KW  - Systems analysis
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14008/fhwahop14008.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1304845
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519404
AU  - Layton, Kyle
AU  - Nims, Douglas
AU  - University of Toledo
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - LUC-2-1682 Anthony Wayne Bridge Main Cable Long Term Health Monitoring
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 53p
AB  - In preparation for a large rehabilitation project on the Anthony Wayne Bridge (AWB), the Ohio Department of Transportation has expressed interest in evaluating monitoring and protection strategies which may extend the life of the AWB. This study was proposed and performed in line with this goal. Corrosion of the main cable was identified as the driving mechanism for the aging of suspension bridges. Experiments were performed in order to determine whether or not the existing acoustic monitoring system on the AWB could be used to readily identify active corrosion. Results from laboratory testing show that use of acoustic emission to detect corrosion is possible and promising; however, field experiments indicate that additional tests are needed to determine the practicality of identifying corrosion in the field. The upcoming bridge closure will provide a great opportunity for researchers to more closely examine this possibility. In addition, this report includes literature investigation into other state-of-the-art corrosion monitoring and protection strategies including an internal sensor array, the magnetic main flux method for wire inspection, and cable dehumidification.
KW  - Acoustic measuring instruments
KW  - Bridge cables
KW  - Corrosion protection
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Ohio
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Suspension bridges
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/881434020/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302528
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519401
AU  - Monty, Chelsea N
AU  - Rodriguez, Alvaro
AU  - Miller, Christopher M
AU  - Schneider, William H
AU  - University of Akron
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Salt Neutralizers for Washing Snow and Ice Equipment
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 153p
AB  - In winter maintenance, the chloride-based deicers used to keep roadways clear of snow and ice are highly corrosive to vehicles and equipment. Corrosion of snow and ice equipment is a major issue causing increased maintenance and repair costs, reduced vehicle life, and increased vehicle downtime. Statistics show that road salt causes approximately $1500/ton of damage to vehicles, bridges, and the environment. Washing of winter maintenance equipment after exposure to ice control chemicals has been suggested as one possible solution to minimize corrosion. However, washing with soap and water has been shown to be insufficient in removing residual salt from winter maintenance vehicles. Treating winter maintenance equipment with salt neutralizers, used in a variety of household and industrial applications, has been shown to prevent corrosion. Although the consensus points to the need for a reliable and easy to implement corrosion prevention strategy, at present there is not sufficient information available to determine the  effectiveness of different wash systems at preventing corrosion. As the corrosion reduction data of salt neutralizer solutions on bare and coated metal surfaces is lacking, a systematic study has been carried out to provide quantitative information. A parallel study of six commercially available salt neutralizers is carried out for comparison. Analysis of the salt neutralizer solutions was carried out using contact angle, Ultra Violet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and Scanning Electron Microscopy imaging (SEM). Corrosion inhibition for several metals treated with salt neutralizer was determined using potentiodynamic measurements and accelerated weight loss analysis (ASTM B117). When considering the effects of corrosion on winter maintenance equipment, it is important to study not only steel but also various “soft metals” (copper, aluminum, brass, etc.) that can be found in the wiring and other parts of the fleet. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy and visual inspection were used to determine the ability of coated metal samples to prevent corrosion. A cost benefit analysis was completed to determine what specific conditions directly impact the cost effectiveness of corrosion prevention strategies.
KW  - Anticorrosion coatings
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Corrosion protection
KW  - Deicers (Equipment)
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Maintenance equipment
KW  - Spectroscopic analysis
KW  - Washing
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/8/OHI/2014/06/11/H1402499055768/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302529
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519001
AU  - Lininger, Marci
AU  - Perlik, Matthew
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
TI  - Effectiveness of the TRU-88 Wildlife Roadway Crossing Culverts and Exclusion Fencing
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 24p
AB  - Natural resource agencies continually express interest in increasing the permeability of roadways for both aquatic and terrestrial wildlife nationwide. Specific review of Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT)  projects by resource agencies may result in the request that terrestrial wildlife crossing structures be installed (i.e. Nelsonville Bypass, Nelsonville, Ohio). These structures are often required of ODOT although they are provided with little or no design guidance, no supporting evidence that they are appropriate for the target species, no project specific setting, and no proof that they will provide greater permeability long term for wildlife. However, ODOT must still install and maintain them for the life of the roadway. From April of 2013 to August of 2013, ODOT Office of Environmental Services (OES) staff, working with ODOT District 4, conducted field studies during peak breeding season for amphibians and reptiles to measure the effectiveness of crossing culverts and exclusion fencing constructed along state route 88 in Trumbull County, Ohio within the Grand River Wildlife area. The TRU-SR 88 crossing was a unique opportunity to monitor the permeability of an un-mandated, low cost, crossing culvert and exclusion fencing design that could be used in other parts of the state as needed for both aquatic and terrestrial wildlife. Over the span of 4 months, the study generated 4,122 photos of animals using the culverts and exclusion fencing. Over the life of the study, the use of all culverts and fencing was 11% amphibian and reptile, 5% birds, and 84% mammals. Mortality surveys reveal that 65% of road-kill recorded in both the study and control areas  consisted of amphibians and reptiles followed by 20% of birds and 14% of mammals. The use of passive laser motion triggered infrared cameras successfully recorded wildlife use of the crossing structures and exclusion fencing. These observations suggest that this design is providing permeability for multiple species of both aquatic and terrestrial organisms.
KW  - Amphibians
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Fences
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Highways
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Road kill
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Wildlife crossings
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/883407139/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300247
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518989
AU  - Taylor, Peter
AU  - Wang, Xin
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Deicer Scaling Resistance of Concrete Mixtures Containing Slag Cement: Phase 3 Final Report
PY  - 2014/01//Phase 3 Final Report
SP  - 24p
AB  - Concern has been expressed about the deicer scaling resistance of concrete containing slag, especially when the dosage of slag exceeds 50% of the total cementitious material in the mixture. Much of the concern appears to be based on the results of laboratory scaling tests based on ASTM C 672, despite indications that such mixtures often perform well in the field. The initial phase of this study showed that construction-related issues played a bigger role in the observed scaling performance than did the amount of slag in the concrete mixture. The work also indicated that the test method (ASTM C 672) may be more severe than most environments. A second phase developed an alternative laboratory test method to ASTM C 672 that would better represent the field performance of concretes, based on a method from the Canadian Quebec Ministry of Transportation. The work described in this report was to repeat some tests using similar materials in a second laboratory to evaluate repeatability of the test methods.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Scaling (Concrete)
KW  - Slag cement
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/deicer_scaling_resistance_3_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300602
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518870
AU  - Glover, Charles J
AU  - Han, Rongbin
AU  - Jin, Xin
AU  - Prapaitrakul, Nikornpon
AU  - Cui, Yuanchen
AU  - Rose, Avery
AU  - Lawrence, James J
AU  - Padigala, Meghana
AU  - Arambula, Edith
AU  - Park, Eun Sug
AU  - Martin, Amy Epps
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Binder Aging and Its Influence in Aging of Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete: Technical Report
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 526p
AB  - Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Project 0-6009 was a comprehensive interdisciplinary research effort that has developed the ability to predict asphalt oxidative hardening over time and pavement depth, and the impact of this hardening on mixture durability. The many interrelated research and development accomplishments form three major elements: 1) Pavement Binder Oxidation Model Development (improved pavement temperature model, binder oxidation kinetics parameters, binder diffusion coefficients, model for predicting binder oxidation in pavements); 2) Mixture Test Development and Measurements (method for testing prismatic specimens cut from pavement cores, measurements of binder oxidation in pavements, measurements of binder oxidation in laboratory mixtures, evaluation of seal coat effectiveness); and 3) an HMA Mixture Design Approach That Includes Binder Oxidation (accelerated binder aging test, mixture design and analysis system, software user interface). Suggestions for implementation and future work include: 1) Introduce the software user interface to TxDOT engineers, 2) Adopt the accelerated aging test, 3) Implement a strategy for evaluating existing pavements by testing recovered binders for their oxidation and hardening kinetics, 4) Incorporate the pavement transport and thermal oxidation model into a new pavement design guide, 5) Further evaluate the effectiveness of maintenance treatments, 6) Further validate the pavement oxidation and hardening model, 7) Improve fundamental understanding of oxidation kinetics chemistry and reaction kinetics, 8) Improve fundamental understanding of the correlation between pressure aging vessels (PAV) and pressure oxidation vessels (POV) reaction kinetics parameters.
KW  - Aging (Materials)
KW  - Asphalt concrete
KW  - Asphalt hardening
KW  - Binders
KW  - Durability
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6009-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300233
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518788
AU  - Nazzal, Munir D
AU  - Kim, Sang-Soo
AU  - Abbas, Ala R
AU  - Ohio University, Athens
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Winter Pothole Patching Methods
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 118p
AB  - The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and cost-effectiveness of the tow-behind combination infrared asphalt heater/reclaimer patching method and compare it to the throw and roll and spray injection methods. To achieve this objective a national survey was first conducted to document the experience of the infrared asphalt heater/reclaimer users in different states. In addition, a comprehensive testing program, that included installing over 60 patches using the three considered methods as well as monitoring the performance and survivability of those patches, was performed. The results of the survey and subsequent phone interviews indicated that the infrared asphalt heater/reclaimer equipment can significantly improve the performance and longevity of pothole patches and can be cost-effective when proper installation procedures are followed. The results of testing program indicated that the infrared method had much lower productivity than the other two methods. In addition, the throw and roll had better productivity than the spray injection method. The properties and storage procedure of the asphalt mixture used in the infrared method were found to affect the performance of the installed patches. Improper storage of the infrared heater/reclaimer equipment also was found to cause problems in igniting the infrared heater, which significantly increased the patching duration. In general, most of the deterioration in the patches installed using the different methods occurred in the first month of installation and continued after that but at much slower rate. The infrared patches had significantly better performance than those installed using the two other patching methods. The main distress in infrared patches was raveling, while it was dishing for the throw and roll and spray injection patches. The results of survivability analyses also indicated that the patches installed using infrared had much longer expected life than those installed using the other two considered methods. The results of the cost analyses showed that the infrared method can be more cost-effective than the spray injection method when used for winter pothole patching. For short term repairs, the throw and roll method was found to cost less than the infrared method if the user cost were not considered. However, for permanent repairs, the infrared method can be more cost effective than throw and roll method. In summary, the tow-behind infrared heater/reclaimer was found to be an efficient and cost effective method for patching certain types of potholes as well as performing other pavement repairs. A strategy for its deployment in Ohio is provided in this report.
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Durability
KW  - Infrared heating
KW  - Maintenance equipment
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Patching
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Potholes (Pavements)
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/870900288/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300246
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518741
AU  - Balk, Stacy A
AU  - Bertola, Mary Anne
AU  - Shurbutt, Jim
AU  - Do, Ann
AU  - Science Applications International Corporation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Human Factors Assessment of Pedestrian Roadway Crossing Behavior
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 220p
AB  - Pedestrian–vehicle crashes are both common and deadly. The majority of pedestrian fatalities occur outside marked intersection crosswalks. The influences of pedestrian and environmental factors on crossing location choice were examined. A literature review covering factors intrinsic to pedestrians is provided. In addition, pedestrian crossings at 20 different locations were recorded and analyzed. The vast majority of crossings (89 percent of the total observed) took place in the marked intersection crosswalks. Drivers are likely to yield to pedestrians. However, while drivers are more likely to yield to pedestrians in the marked crosswalk, pedestrians and vehicles are equally as likely to yield to one another outside the marked crosswalk. The data also suggest that measures that reduce the perceived affordances to cross the roadway (e.g., flowerbeds that separate the sidewalk from the roadway) also reduce the proportion of crossings outside the marked crosswalks. It also appears that pedestrians cross when perceived control of the crossing is greatest. Measures to increase perceived control have the potential to increase (e.g., visible countdown clocks) or decrease (e.g., large medians) crossings in the marked crosswalk. A model to predict pedestrian crossing location is provided. The model uses various environmental variables as predicting factors and was shown to successfully predict an average of 90 percent of the crossings.
KW  - Crosswalks
KW  - Environment
KW  - Human factors
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Pedestrian movement
KW  - Pedestrian safety
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/13098/13098.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301903
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516697
AU  - King, William
AU  - Kabir, Sharear
AU  - Cooper, Samuel B
AU  - Gaspard, Kevin
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Rutting Distresses on I-20 near Mound to Delta Scales
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Assistance Report
SP  - 70p
AB  - Within six months of construction, areas with excessive premature rutting were noticed on a 4.95 mile long asphaltic concrete overlay project on the I-20 corridor in Madison Parish, Louisiana. The scope of the project included full depth patching of the existing 8-inch Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement and providing a structural overlay with a 2-inch Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) layer on top of a 7.5-inch minimum layer of Superpave Level 2 Binder Course. Prior to this report, at the request of District 05, Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC) Asphalt Material Lab performed two rounds of forensic evaluation of the Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) surface layer of that job. From the preliminary investigations, the blended aggregate gradations of SMA mixture at isolated areas seemed to be the cause of the failures. However, since the occurrence of the initial rutting, the problem kept progressing with time and rutting was detected for almost the entire length of the job. Twenty one full depth asphaltic concrete roadway cores were sampled from various locations and a suite of laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the mixture. Tests include various volumetric tests along with Loaded Wheel Tests (LWT) and boil tests to quantify the moisture susceptibility of the mixture. The SMA layer was excluded from this round of testing as that mix was already included in the first and second rounds. Investigation into design features revealed lift thicknesses being placed that were thinner than adequate for the nominal maximum aggregate size used in the mixture. Even though a small percentage of aggregate gradations and asphalt contents of Superpave BC mixes were found to be out of the validation tolerance limits in the latest round of evaluation, no correlation was noticed between materials and performance of distressed and non-distressed areas. However, field investigations, subsurface drainage inspection, and laboratory evaluation of mixtures demonstrated the occurrence of moisture damage in the leveling and binder course lifts. High Speed Profiler and falling weight deflectometer (FWD) data were collected and evaluated in an effort to define areas of weaker pavement for estimating the amount of full depth patching that would be required. LTRC recommends modifying the existing drainage system to help eliminate the moisture from the existing pavement structure. Milling the existing surface course of each outside travel lane and replacing with a new hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture is recommended.
KW  - Binder course
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Moisture damage
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Stone matrix asphalt
KW  - Stripping (Pavements)
KW  - Superpave
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/13_01TAB.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300419
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516632
AU  - Pike, Adam
AU  - Songchitruksa, Praprut
AU  - Geedipally, Srinivas
AU  - Kang, Don
AU  - Damnjanovic, Ivan
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating the Effectiveness of Performance Based Pavement Marking Maintenance Contracts in Texas
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 166p
AB  - Performance-based pavement marking maintenance contracts (PBPMMCs) are one of the latest  mechanisms used to maintain adequate pavement marking performance levels. Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has issued two PBPMMCs, but the effectiveness of these contracts as compared to other contracting mechanisms from a risk management, cost, performance, or safety perspective has not been evaluated. This project gathered information to evaluate the effectiveness of PBPMMCs by evaluating the delivered pavement marking performance, safety performance, potential cost savings, and the most suitable performance measures and measurement protocols for inclusion into the PBPMMCs. The evaluations found inconclusive evidence as to the benefit of the PBPMMC from a safety, marking performance, or cost-effectiveness standpoint. Recommendations are provided to improve future  PBPMMCs.
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Safety
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6705-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290655
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01516622
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Vaynman, Semyon
AU  - Fine, Morris E
AU  - Hahin, Christopher
AU  - Northwestern University, Evanston
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Formability of New High Performance A710 Grade 50 Structural Steel
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 54p
AB  - This project compared the formability of modified ASTM A710 Grade B50 ksi yield strength steel, jointly developed by Northwestern University and the Illinois Department of Transportation, with ASTM A606 Type 4 weathering steel used in Illinois and many other states for sign and signal structures, light poles, and other highway structures. ASTM E290 Type 1 free-bend 180° guided-bend test was used to evaluate formability, with side clearances as per ASTM E190. Bend and tensile specimens were cut in longitudinal and transverse directions from plates and sheets of numerous thicknesses (from 0.38" down to 0.10" thick). Mandrels of three diameters (0.25", 0.313", and 0.375") were used, each having a rounded nose with radius of bend equal to ½ of the mandrel diameter. All specimens of A710 and A606 steels of all thicknesses passed the guided-bend tests. No cracks, side tears, or fractures were observed. Tensile tests showed excellent ductility in both longitudinal and transverse rolling directions, making the modified ASTM A710 steel very suitable for use in sign and signal structures, light poles, and highway structures, along with structural tubing and other applications requiring weathering steel sheets and plates. Comparable A606 Type 4 steel had a yield strength range of 65 to 73 ksi and an ultimate tensile strength range of 79 to 89 ksi. The elongation to failure for the A606 steel sheets was in the range of 41% to 49%, averaging 43% ± 2.5% based on a 1" gage length. The microstructure of A606 steel is primarily ferrite with a limited amount of pearlite. The grain size of A606 in thinner plates was much smaller; grains were more rounded in thicker plates. Two heats of modified A710 Grade B steel were tested. Variations in mechanical properties were a function of steel composition, hot-rolling procedures, and thickness of the plates or sheets. In the first heat, yield strength varied in a range of 48 to 119 ksi, and tensile strength ranged from 64 to 119 ksi. The variation in the strength in the first heat was most likely caused by excessive section reduction during hot-rolling. The microstructure of the A710 steel was fine-grained ferrite and was significantly smaller than the A606 steel grains of similar thickness, which accounted for the higher strengths of the A710 steel in the first heat. Some bands of pearlite and fine-grained ferrite were observed in the modified A710 sheets, but did not affect the formability of the steel. Copper, nickel and manganese contents were decreased and better rolling procedures were used in the second heat, which had a uniform 49 to 56 ksi yield strength range. The second heat also had a uniform yield to tensile ratio of 0.74, high ductility and formability, making this alloy a very attractive weathering steel for many transportation and structural applications. An optimized 50 ksi minimum yield strength composition with an ASTM G101 index of 6.0 or more was developed for A710 sheet steel, and is proposed for general use in transportation and other construction applications.
KW  - Bend tests
KW  - Ductility
KW  - High strength steel
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Mechanical properties
KW  - Structural steel
KW  - Tension tests
KW  - Thickness
KW  - Weathering steel
KW  - Yield strength
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/47234
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291104
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516611
AU  - Liu, Rongtang
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Methodology for Analysis of Soluble Salts from Steel Substrates
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 24p
AB  - Coatings applied on surfaces contaminated with excessive amounts of adverse soluble salts do not provide expected service life. Steel meant to be used without protective coating, such as weathering steel and stainless steel, can also suffer from corrosion damage caused by high concentration of soluble salts under corrosive conditions. Soluble salts often contain chloride, nitrate, and sulfate as adverse anions.  Although most of the salts are soluble in water, they cannot be easily removed from steel surface by washing or abrasive blasting. Salts may also exist in pits and crevices on corroded surfaces within or under rust. The objective of this study is to evaluate extraction and analysis methods for determining the  amount of soluble salts on steel substrates.
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - Protective coatings
KW  - Soluble salts
KW  - Steel
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14026/14026.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290999
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01516572
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Graybeal, Ben
AU  - Zhang, Gang
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of a Family of Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pi-Girders
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 8p
AB  - Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an advanced cementitious composite material, which tends to exhibit superior properties such as exceptional durability, increased strength, and long-term stability. The  use of existing structural configurations for materials with advanced properties results in inefficient designs and less cost-effective solutions. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop a series of optimized sections of UHPC pi-girders to effectively utilize the superior mechanical properties of UHPC over longer span lengths through finite element analysis (FEA).
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Girders
KW  - Long span
KW  - PI girders
KW  - Ultra high performance concrete
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/hpc/14028/14028.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291003
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516563
AU  - Greimann, Lowell
AU  - Phares, Brent M
AU  - Deng, Yaohua
AU  - Shryack, Gus
AU  - Hoffman, Jerad
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Field Monitoring of Curved Girder Bridges with Integral Abutments
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 274p
AB  - Nationally, there are questions regarding the design, fabrication, and erection of horizontally curved steel girder bridges due to unpredicted girder displacements, fit-up, and locked-in stresses. One reason for the concerns is that up to one-quarter of steel girder bridges are being designed with horizontal curvature. There is also an urgent need to reduce bridge maintenance costs by eliminating or reducing deck joints, which can be achieved by expanding the use of integral abutments to include curved girder bridges. However, the behavior of horizontally curved bridges with integral abutments during thermal loading is not well known nor understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavior of horizontal curved bridges with integral abutment (IAB) and semi-integral abutment bridges (SIAB) with a specific interest in the response to changing temperatures. The long-term objective of this effort is to establish guidelines for the use of integral abutments with curved girder bridges. The primary objective of this work was to monitor and evaluate the behavior of six in-service, horizontally curved, steel-girder bridges with integral and semi-integral abutments. In addition, the influence of bridge curvature, skew and pier bearing (expansion and fixed) were also part of the study. Two monitoring systems were designed and applied to a set of four horizontally curved bridges and two straight bridges at the northeast corner of Des Moines, Iowa—one system for measuring strains and movement under long term thermal changes and one system for measuring the behavior under short term, controlled live loading. A finite element model was developed and validated against the measured strains. The model was then used to investigate the sensitivity of design calculations to curvature, skew and pier joint conditions. The general conclusions were as follows: (1) There were no measurable differences in the behavior of the horizontally curved bridges and straight bridges studied in this work under thermal effects. For preliminary member sizing of curved bridges, thermal stresses and movements in a straight bridge of the same length are a reasonable first approximation. (2) Thermal strains in integral abutment and semi-integral abutment bridges were not noticeably different. The choice between IAB and SIAB should be based on life – cycle costs (e.g., construction and maintenance). (3) An expansion bearing pier reduces the thermal stresses in the girders of the straight bridge but does not appear to reduce the stresses in the girders of the curved bridge. (4)  An analysis of the bridges predicted a substantial total stress (sum of the vertical bending stress, the lateral bending stress, and the axial stress) up to 3 ksi due to temperature effects. (5) For the one curved integral abutment bridge studied at length, the stresses in the girders significantly vary with changes in skew and curvature. With a 10⁰ skew and 0.06 radians arc span length to radius ratio, the curved and skew integral abutment bridges can be designed as a straight bridge if an error in estimation of the stresses of 10% is acceptable.
KW  - Bridge abutments
KW  - Curved bridges
KW  - Des Moines (Iowa)
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Girder bridges
KW  - Jointless bridges
KW  - Live loads
KW  - Thermal analysis
KW  - Thermal stresses
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/curved_girder_integral_abutments_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291105
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516561
AU  - Cooney, Robert C
AU  - Clement, Kirt A
AU  - Shah, Keyur V
AU  - eVision Partners, Incorporated
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Strategic Enterprise Architecture Design for the Ohio Department of Transportation
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 286p
AB  - In order for the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) to successfully carry out its mission, it is essential to appropriately incorporate and utilize technology. Information management systems are vital to maintaining the state’s transportation infrastructure and are critical components for activities such as asset management, forecasting, quality control/quality assurance (QC/QA) efforts, and data collection and analysis. The objective of this research is to develop a strategic enterprise architecture design for ODOT. To accomplish this task, the researcher completed an analysis and documented the `as is’ organization wide business processes and supporting information systems architecture at ODOT, and made recommendations for a `to be’ future state business process and information system architecture. Based on the analysis, recommendations were provided for appropriate governance mechanisms and change management procedures.
KW  - Information management
KW  - Information technology
KW  - Ohio Department of Transportation
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - System architecture
KW  - Systems analysis
KW  - Technology assessment
UR  - http://www.dot.state.oh.us/Divisions/Planning/SPR/Research/reportsandplans/Reports/2014/Administration/134756_FR.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298611
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01516556
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Dye, Bill
AU  - Kraft, Elizabeth
AU  - Mills, Peter
AU  - Gransberg, Douglas
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance-Based Contractor Prequalification as an Alternative to Performance Bonds
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 4p
AB  - State transportation departments must rely on private industry construction contractors to build, rehabilitate, and replace their infrastructure assets. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is interested in ensuring that State transportation departments select contractors that can complete projects cost-effectively. One potential method to help select qualified contractors is to use a performance-based contractor prequalification process. FHWA commissioned this study to evaluate the wisdom of expanding the use of this process. This report presents the results of this study, which examined relevant literature, evaluated the benefits and costs of performance bonds and performance-based contractor prequalification, and recommended a model performance-based prequalification approach.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Prequalifications
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surety bonds
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/14035/14035.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291000
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516532
AU  - Anderson, Keith W
AU  - Uhlmeyer, Jeff S
AU  - Sexton, Tim
AU  - Russell, Mark
AU  - Weston, Jim
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Long-Term Pavement Performance and Noise Characteristics of the Next Generation Concrete Surface
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 52p
AB  - This report documents the performance of the first Next Generation Concrete Surface (NGCS) built by the  Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). A 1,500 foot test section was installed on the  eastbound lanes of I-82 near Sunnyside, Washington in October of 2010. On-board sound intensity (OBSI) measurements increased from initial levels of 100.6 dBA to 104.4 dBA in 30 months. The increase in noise level was attributed to the loss of aggregate and general roughening of the concrete surface by studded tires. It was concluded that the NGCS is not a viable option as a noise mitigation strategy for Washington State.
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Next Generation Concrete Surface Program
KW  - Noise control
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Sound intensity
KW  - Test sections
KW  - Tire/pavement noise
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/767.2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291098
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516519
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Texas Mechanistic-Empirical Flexible Pavement Design System (TxME)
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 180p
AB  - The Flexible Pavement Design System (FPS) implemented in the mid-1990s has limitations in that it does not use any results from laboratory testing so it is impossible to determine benefits from improved base materials or superior asphalt mixes. The development of the new flexible pavement design system, Texas Mechanistic-Empirical Flexible Pavement Design System (TxME), will enable Texas pavement designers to take full advantage of new or premium materials, with a full consideration of the influential factors including pavement structure, traffic loading, and environmental conditions. The features of TxME include 1) Mechanistic-Empirical modeling, 2) performance-based material characterization, 3) traffic load spectrum incorporation, 4) design input variability-based reliability methodology, 5) incremental distress prediction, 6) fast running speed, 7) user-friendly interface, and 8) convenient connection with FPS. This report documents the work and findings during this study. Sensitivity analysis shows that TxME can make rational predictions under different combinations of pavement structure, climate, and traffic load. As a first stage, the researchers recommend that TxME be used as a performance check tool for design options recommended by the FPS design system. More calibration and model fine-tuning work still needs to be done.
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Sensitivity analysis
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic loads
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6622-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290602
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516479
AU  - Bauer, Karin M
AU  - Harwood, Douglas W
AU  - MRIGlobal
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Safety Effects of Horizontal Curve and Grade Combinations on Rural Two-Lane Highways
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 68p
AB  - This report summarizes the results of research undertaken to quantify the safety effects of five types of horizontal and vertical alignment combinations for rural two-lane highways. The research is based on Federal Highway Administration Highway Safety Information System data for Washington State, including crash records from 2003 to 2008. The outcome is a set of safety prediction models for fatal and injury and property damage only crashes. To present the results in a form suitable for incorporation in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Highway Safety Manual, crash modification factors representing safety performance relative to level tangents were developed from these models for each of the five combinations of horizontal and vertical alignment—horizontal curves and tangents on straight grades, horizontal curves and tangents at type 1 crest vertical curves, horizontal curves and tangents at type 1 sag vertical curves, horizontal curves and tangents at type 2 crest vertical curves, and horizontal curves and tangents at type 2 sag vertical curves.
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Crash risk forecasting
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway grades
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Manual
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Two lane highways
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/13077/13077.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300198
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516468
AU  - Druta, Cristian
AU  - Wang, Linbing
AU  - McGhee, Kevin K
AU  - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Evaluation of Thin Wearing Courses Through Scaled Accelerated Trafficking
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 27p
AB  - The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the permanent deformation (rutting) and fatigue performance of several thin asphalt concrete wearing courses using a scaled-down accelerated pavement testing device. The accelerated testing was conducted using a model mobile load simulator (MMLS3). Field testing with the MMLS3 was conducted on a 4.75-mm nominal maximum aggregate size dense-graded mixture installed at the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center. This mixture (designated SM-4.75), two other conventional dense-graded mixtures, and a thin gap-graded mixture were also used to prepare specimens for laboratory rutting tests using the MMLS3. Test results from more than 100,000 wheel load applications of the MMLS3 showed that the thin wearing courses underwent various degrees of permanent deformation depending on their compacted air void content. According to the protocol guidelines developed for the evaluation of permanent deformation and moisture damage when using the MMLS3, most of the  mixtures performed well. One exception was a coarser dense-graded material with a high amount of recycled asphalt pavement. No indication of fatigue cracking or other distress was observed for any mixture during or after testing. The study supports use of the SM-4.75 mixture on low- to medium-traffic roadways and for maintenance and/or preservation applications. It further recommends that the Virginia Department of Transportation apply the methods demonstrated through this research to assess better the stability of experimental wearing course mixtures in advance of wider spread field applications.
KW  - Accelerated tests
KW  - Dense graded aggregates
KW  - Fatigue strength
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Thickness
KW  - Virginia
KW  - Wearing course (Pavements)
KW  - Wheel loads
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r7.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51988/14-r7.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291099
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516456
AU  - Kamga, Camille
AU  - Conway, Alison
AU  - Aslam, Nadia
AU  - Eickemeyer, Penny
AU  - Farias, Tiago
AU  - Melo, Sandra
AU  - Baptista, Patricia
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - Lisbon Technical University
AU  - New York State Energy Research and Development Authority
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Conference on Last Mile Freight Delivery: Use of Cleaner Mobility Vehicles
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 39p
AB  - While population increases, so do the demand for products and the freight traffic to deliver them. The increase in truck traffic creates many negative effects including increased traffic congestion, illegal parking and resting, incessant idling, and greenhouse gas and local pollutants emissions. Recently, many initiatives have been promoted to address this problem. The event presented cross-disciplinary perspectives on urban logistics using electric vehicles (EV) and other vehicles as a sustainable mobility transportation solution. Presentations at the event reflected various perspectives, as speakers represented the public and private sectors and academia, including public officials, community leaders, transit community members, academia, consultants and the interested public. The multi‐disciplinary team was from the United States and Europe. The event provided a forum that gathered experts and sustainability advocates to focus on the actions that can be taken immediately to meet the environmental challenges and take advantage of the business opportunities presented by such dense city areas, namely with the use of small sized mobility solutions.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Electric vehicles
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Logistics
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Sustainable transportation
KW  - Truck traffic
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Final-Report-NYSERDA-Freight-Conference.pdf
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-13-07%20Final-Report-NYSERDA-Freight-Conference_1-2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290997
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516426
AU  - Taylor, Peter
AU  - Wang, Xuhao
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Comparison of Setting Time Measured Using Ultrasonic Wave Propagation With Saw-Cutting Times on Pavements in Iowa
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 24p
AB  - Concrete setting behavior strongly influences scheduling of construction operations, such as surfacing, trowelling, jointing, and saw-cutting. To conduct pavement sawing activities effectively, it is useful for contractors to know when a concrete mixture is going to reach initial set, or when the sawing window will open. Monitoring the set time of a fresh mixture also provides a tool to assess the uniformity between material and concrete batches. The aim of this project was to confirm that initial set could be measured using an ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) approach, and to assess whether there was a relationship between initial set and sawing time for pavement concrete in the field. Eight construction sites were visited in Iowa over a single summer/fall period. At each site, initial set was determined using a p-wave propagation technique with a commercial device. It was also determined on mortar samples in accordance with ASTM C 403. Calorimetric data were collected using a commercial semi-adiabatic device on some of the sites.  The data collected to date revealed the following: UPV approaches appear to be able to report initial set times and Early entry sawing time can be predicted for the range of mixtures tested here.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Sawing
KW  - Setting (Concrete)
KW  - Ultrasonic pulse velocity
KW  - Ultrasonic waves
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/id/eprint/20589
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/MDA_p-wave_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56700/56712/IADOT_TR_675.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300203
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516394
AU  - Epps, Jon
AU  - Sebesta, Stephen
AU  - Hewes, Bailey
AU  - Sahin, Hakan
AU  - Luo, Rong
AU  - Button, Joe
AU  - Lytton, Robert
AU  - Herrera, Caroline A
AU  - Hatcher, Ronald
AU  - Gu, Fan
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of a Specification for Flexible Base Construction
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 414p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) currently uses Item 247 “Flexible Base” to specify a  pavement foundation course. The goal of this project was to evaluate the current method of base course  acceptance and investigate methods to replace materials approval based on stockpile sampling and testing  with a mixture design methodology and quality control procedure. Researchers gathered existing information  that would assist in defining the types of tests to be used, specification acceptance criteria, and acceptance  limits. Researchers then gathered data to identify tests that should be considered for inclusion in the  specification and defined property variability of base course materials from nine pits/quarries in Texas. They  also conducted other activities concerning precision and bias statement development, production/placement  variability, technician certification, laboratory accreditation, and the development of relationships that allow  test property parameters to predict pavement performance. The project developed draft flexible base course  specifications in a quality control/quality assurance and quality monitoring program format. Researchers  recommend an implementation project to determine the accuracy of the developed pavement performance  prediction techniques and the suitability of the specification, including the types and limits of the test  parameters in the specification.
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://d2dtl5nnlpfr0r.cloudfront.net/tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6621-2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290822
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516332
AU  - Hummer, Joseph E
AU  - Holzem, Anne M
AU  - Rouphail, Nagui M
AU  - Cunningham, Christopher M
AU  - O'Brien, Sarah W
AU  - Schroeder, Bastian J
AU  - Salamati, Katy
AU  - Foyle, Robert S
AU  - North Carolina State University, Raleigh
AU  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Pedestrian and Bicycle Accommodations on Superstreets
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 789p
AB  - The objective of this research was to consider the unique challenges for pedestrians and bicyclists at superstreet intersections and recommend crossing alternatives for both users. For pedestrians the options included the diagonal cross, median cross, two-stage Barnes Dance cross and midblock cross. For bicyclists the options included the bicycle U-turn, bicycles using the vehicle U-turn, the bicycle direct cross and the midblock cross. These options were analyzed through microsimulation based on average stopped delay per route, average number of stops per route, and average travel time per route. Furthermore, various parameters were analyzed per each of the crossing geometries including two signal cycle lengths, two signal splits, two signal offset designs, and two midblock distances. The results for pedestrians showed that the two-stage Barnes Dance crossing produced the lowest values for average stopped delay, average number of stops, and average travel time. However, since the Barnes Dance is designed for an intersection with high volumes of pedestrians, the pedestrian option recommended for most superstreets was instead a  combination of the diagonal cross with the midblock cross. The levels that ultimately influenced travel time for pedestrians were a cycle length of 90 seconds rather than 180 seconds, a signal split of 60/40 rather than 75/25, and an offset signal design where the vehicle platoons arrived at different times rather than simultaneously. The results for bicyclists showed that the bicycle direct cross had the lowest average number of stops and the lowest average travel time. The bicycle option with the lowest stopped  delay was the vehicle U-turn. The levels that produced lower travel time values for bicyclists included a cycle length of 90 seconds, a signal split of 75/25, and situations where the vehicle platoons arrived at different times rather than simultaneously. The recommended bicycle options for the superstreet were the bicycle direct cross and the midblock cross implemented together. Additionally, the research outcomes include suggestions for public outreach materials in the form of a brochure and discussions with public groups.
KW  - Cyclists
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Microsimulation
KW  - Pedestrian movement
KW  - Pedestrians
KW  - Stopped time delays
KW  - Traffic signal cycle
KW  - Travel time
KW  - U turns
UR  - http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/preconstruct/tpb/research/download/2012-13finalreport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290820
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516331
AU  - Boulanger, Bryan
AU  - Carlson, Paul
AU  - Fatkin, Harry
AU  - Raut-Desai, Aditya
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Screening Level Assessment of Arsenic and Lead Concentrations in Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markings
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 96p
AB  - Retroreflective glass beads used in pavement markings are a critical component of highway safety. Glass beads meeting American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) M247 specifications are the current industry standard. AASHTO M247 glass beads are fabricated using reclaimed glass cullet, offering cost effective performance while beneficially reusing sources of industrial and commercial waste glass. However, reclaimed glass cullet may contain elevated levels of arsenic and lead that can be passed through to the final product. Concern regarding the presence of arsenic and lead in retroreflective glass bead products within the U.S. marketplace resulted in recently adopted legislation that sets a 200 part-per-million (ppm = 106 x massmetal/massbeads) limit for both arsenic and lead for beads used on United States roadways. While the scientific justification for the 200 ppm limit is not immediately clear, the proposed legislation is regarded as a good-faith attempt to limit the risk associated with the presence of arsenic and lead in the beads. This research developed a preliminary understanding of the risk associated with the presence of arsenic and lead in glass beads used in pavement marking systems to support decisionmaking. Researchers tested 15 samples of commercially available glass beads in current use on U.S. roadways from State transportation department stockpiles. The mean total concentration observed in the sampled beads across replicates was 71 ppm arsenic and 54 ppm lead. Extractable and bioaccessible arsenic levels in the beads were below instrument detection limits, and extractable and bioaccessible levels of lead in the beads were present at less than 3.6 ppm as a maximum mean value. Based on laboratory-generated characterization data, field investigations, available literature data, and the developed model, reasonably conservative screening levels for arsenic and lead in glass beads were  determined to be 220 ppm and 580 ppm, respectively. Lead and arsenic levels observed in glass bead samples provided by State transportation departments were within the determined screening limits, indicating that currently available products pose minimal health risk while meeting retroreflective performance criteria.
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Glass beads
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Lead (Metal)
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Road markings
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/14021/14021.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291001
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516268
AU  - Abu-Odeh, Akram Y
AU  - Bligh, Roger P
AU  - Mason, Melinda L
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development and Evaluation of a MASH TL-3 31-Inch W-Beam Median Barrier
PY  - 2014/01//7/2011-8/2013
SP  - 112p
AB  - Typically, when the G4(1S) W-beam barrier is impacted in a roadside application, the W˗beam rail  element deforms, the support posts are displaced through the soil, and the vehicle is redirected. During the  impact sequence, the rail becomes detached from the post by means of the post bolt pulling out of the rail  slot as the post displaces rearward. However, in the MB4 steel post W˗beam median barrier, the addition of  the rear W-beam rail element provides additional lateral stiffness and post constraint. This changes the post  behavior and vehicle-post interaction. In a test of the 27-inch tall MB4 median barrier, the impacting pickup  truck climbed and vaulted over the barrier. A taller 30˗inch version of the MB4 W-beam median barrier (AASHTO Designation SGM06a&b) incorporates a C6×8.2 rub-rail channel to help mitigate vehicle-post snagging. However, the rub-rail may still permit the pickup to climb the barrier. The purpose of this project was to develop and evaluate a W-beam median barrier that would meet the strength and safety performance criteria of the AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH). A 31˗inch tall W-beam median barrier with rail splices offset from the posts and 8-inch offset blocks (AASHTO Designation SGM06a) was successfully crash tested in accordance with MASH.
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Median barriers
KW  - Posts
KW  - W-beam guardrail
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/9-1002-12-8.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290654
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516263
AU  - Stamatiadis, Nikiforos
AU  - Kirk, Adam
AU  - Cull, Andrea
AU  - Dahlem, Austin
AU  - University of Kentucky, Lexington
AU  - Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Transition Zone Design
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 177p
AB  - The purpose of this report is to document the activities of the research effort and present the findings of the work accomplished. Transition zone is the area in which it is communicated to drivers that the roadway environment is changing (i.e., from rural to built-up) and that their speed should change as well. This study evaluated treatments that could advise drivers to this. Based on the study findings, it is recommended to add additional speed warning signs to such transition zones.
KW  - Kentucky
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Speed signs
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic signs
UR  - http://www.ktc.uky.edu/files/2014/01/KTC_13_14_SPR_431_12_1F_.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290704
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01515100
AU  - Aguilar, Alexander M
AU  - Sheffield, Richard H
AU  - Welch, Wilfred M
AU  - Southeast Transportation Consortium
AU  - Thompson Engineering
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - STC Synthesis of Research Results for Water Quality Management at Construction Sites
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 60p
AB  - The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) lists sediment as the most common pollutant in U.S. streams, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. This is of significant importance to state Departments of Transportation (DOT) due to the large amount of construction necessary to maintain and improve interstate and intrastate public roadways. As part of construction, soils are frequently exposed due to the removal of vegetative cover. Unimpeded, sediment is transported to waters of the state, where deposition may cause a problem for aquatic organisms in the receiving waterways. Sediment is known to disrupt fish populations and aquatic plants and promote the growth of nuisance algae. Sediment may also be a carrier for chemical contamination. In March 2012, Thompson Engineering contracted with the Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC) to perform a synthesis of research results on water quality management at construction sites within the Southeastern Transportation Consortium member states. This report presents the results of the research. While states in the southeastern U.S. have performed research on the subject of erosion and sediment management, there is still a need to take a closer look at management practices that will improve water quality at department of transportation construction sites. This report is an overview of recent research that has been performed or funded by state level DOTs in the southeastern United States. The primary source of information for this report comes from literature obtained from individual DOT databases or the Transportation Research Board database. Additionally, a questionnaire was sent to 12 states located in the southeastern United States: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. The following nine states responded to the questionnaire Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Research that is ongoing is not included. Responses from the questionnaire indicate that the DOTs are making an effort in managing erosion and sediment at construction sites. All responding states indicate that they have stormwater training or monitoring programs in place. Additionally, literature regarding erosion and sedimentation was found from most states. A wide variety of research has been performed throughout the southeastern United States. Topics ranging from vegetative cover to individual best management practice (BMP) design and performance assessments have been studied with varied results. In the case that water quality degradation is eminent, the mitigation process has also been studied. The most recent research available was collected from Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. Although DOTs are making efforts through research and management programs, there is still a need to continue improving construction impacts on bodies of water. More research regarding specific BMPs, site planning, training programs and systematic approaches would greatly benefit the DOTs in the effort to control or eliminate sediment loss at construction sites.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Erosion control
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Southeastern United States
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Water quality management
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/stc/pdf/FR_511.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290673
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01514902
AU  - Kent, Joshua D
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bayou Corne Sinkhole: Control Measurements of State Highway 70 in Assumption Parish, Louisiana
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 81p
AB  - This project measures and assesses the surface stability of the portion of LA Highway 70 that is potentially vulnerable to the Assumption Parish sinkhole. Using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) enhanced by a real-time network (RTN) of continuously operating reference stations (CORS), the Center for GeoInformatics (C4G) at Louisiana State University (LSU) has collected the horizontal and vertical positions for control points located along the Highway 70 corridor between Bayou Corne (in th e west) and Bayou Choupique (in the east). Measurements were collected between September 2012 and June 2013. Data has been processed and made available to the Louisiana Department of Transportation & Development (DOTD) via an Internet FTP site maintained by C4G. During the report’s measurement period, no movement attributable to the sinkhole has been detected on Highway 70. The GPS measurements did exhibit variability typically associated with random and systematic error. In order to capture more accurate, precise, and consistent positions, a permanent monitoring solution is recommended.
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Sinkholes
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2014/fr_514.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290657
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01506796
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Popovics, John S
AU  - Ham, Suyun
AU  - Garrett, Stephen
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - State of Practice for Concrete Cylinder Match Curing and Effect of Test Cylinder Size
PY  - 2014/01//Research Report
IS  - 14-003
SP  - 101p
AB  - The prestressed concrete element industry is interested in exploring the application of different types of match-curing technologies and in using 4 x 8-in. (100 x 200-mm) cylinders to measure concrete compressive strength instead of the standard 6 x 12-in. (150 x 300-mm) cylinders. Application of this new technology creates potential for cost savings to the producer and the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) as improved knowledge of concrete strength development allows more efficient and accurate stress release and form removal times, normally within 24 hours after casting. The technology associated with match-curing cylinders is somewhat new, and little information is available on the use of temperature-controlled chambers for match curing. This study explores the effects of match-curing performance specifically taking into consideration the insulated jacket mold and air chamber technologies, as well as the effect of cylinder size. This research effort consists of five objectives: (1) review of the literature, current industry practice, and available technology; (2) purchase, assembly, and verification of the effectiveness of match-curing technology; (3) study of the effect of system temperature control on match-cured (water bath) strength results; (4) study of the utility of using match-curing technologies (insulated jacket mold and air chamber) to estimate 1-day, in-place compressive strength; and (5) study of the effect of cylinder size on match-cure strength results.
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Concrete curing
KW  - Cylinders (Geometry)
KW  - Match cure technology
KW  - Prestressed concrete
KW  - Temperature control
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/47086
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290198
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506781
AU  - Gagnon, Jeffrey W
AU  - Dodd, Norris L
AU  - Sprague, Scott
AU  - Loberger, Chad
AU  - Nelson, Rob
AU  - Boe, Susan
AU  - Schweinsburg, Raymond E
AU  - Arizona Game and Fish Department
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Measures to Promote Desert Bighorn Sheep Highway Permeability: U.S. Route 93
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 86p
AB  - This study evaluated desert bighorn sheep–highway relationships from 2008 to 2010 along a 17‐mi stretch of U.S. Route 93 (U.S. 93), in northwestern Arizona. Highway reconstruction between mileposts (MP) 2.3 and MP 17.0 was completed in October 2010. The research objectives were to: 1. Assess sheep movements, highway crossing patterns, distribution, and determine permeability. 2. Investigate spatial and temporal patterns of sheep highway crossings and relationships to traffic volume. 3. Investigate spatial and temporal sheep‐vehicle collision patterns. 4. Assess the impact of highway reconstruction activities on sheep movements, habitat use, and permeability. 5. Establish baseline data for pre‐ and during‐reconstruction movements, highway crossing and passage rates, and sheep-vehicle collisions against which to conduct a sound post‐reconstruction assessment. Researchers instrumented 38 desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) with GPS collars. Sheep crossed the highway 340 times. U.S. 93 constituted a significant barrier to sheep passage, as passage rates averaged just 0.07 crossings/approach. Passage rates varied by season, with summer rates higher than winter and spring rates given that sheep exhibited increased tolerance to traffic during summer when crossing U.S. 93 in pursuit of water. The highway reconstruction project’s significant measures promoting sheep highway permeability—including three new wildlife overpasses, other bridges to accommodate wildlife passage, and ungulate funnel fencing—are expected to have a beneficial impact on bighorn sheep crossing patterns. Further monitoring will assess the efficacy of these measures on increasing sheep crossings and reducing collisions along U.S. 93.
KW  - Animal behavior
KW  - Animal vehicle collisions
KW  - Desert bighorn sheep
KW  - Fences
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Wildlife crossings
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/az677.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290517
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506249
AU  - Brown, Andrew C
AU  - Dellinger, Gregory F
AU  - El-Mohtar, Chadi
AU  - Zornberg, Jorge G
AU  - Gilbert, Robert B
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Long-Term Performance of a Drilled Shaft Retaining Wall in an Expansive Clay
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 202p
AB  - The purpose of this research is to advance the understanding of the behavior of drilled shaft retaining walls  installed through expansive clay. The primary source of information for this study is data from a full-scale  instrumented test wall, which was installed through highly overconsolidated, expansive clay in Manor, Texas, and monitored for a period of 4 years. This study includes a summary of existing research, technical information on the design and construction of the instrumented test wall, an analysis of the relationship between soil behavior and wall deformation during the 4-year monitoring period, and preliminary recommendations on how to account for the effects of expansive soil in design of drilled shaft retaining walls.
KW  - Construction
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Design
KW  - Expansive clays
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Retaining walls
KW  - Swelling soils
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6603-2.pdf
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6603-2_appdx.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1287665
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506248
AU  - Seedah, Dan
AU  - Owens, Travis
AU  - Bhat, Chandra
AU  - Harrison, Robert
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating Truck and Rail Movements along Competitive Multimodal Corridors
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 113p
AB  - Texas faces increased freight demands from population growth and economic success, with little prospect of adding substantial capacity to the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) principal highway networks. In Texas’s truck-dominated intrastate corridors, can railroads offer competitive service and reduce truck volumes? Current mode choice models do not capture the effects of weight, speed, engine power, grade, or curvature—key elements of any mechanistic approach. Moreover, they are incapable of fully internalizing external or social costs into their calculations. Therefore, in two critical areas for transportation planners—fuel costs and emissions—existing models are deficient. This project combines mechanistic models for both trucks and rail into a PC model, calibrated for Texas and implemented through a series of study workshops for TxDOT and metropolitan planning organization (MPO) planning staff. The output of the toolkit allows planners to compare truck and rail service over a series of corridors in terms of overall cost, fuel costs, emissions per ton-mile, and related secondary costs such as pick-up and delivery costs for rail freight. It provides truck and rail operating cost comparisons that should strengthen corridor analysis—an important component of the Moving Ahead for Prosperity in the 21st Century (MAP-21) legislation.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Costs
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Railroad transportation
KW  - Texas
KW  - Transportation corridors
KW  - Trucking
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6692-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1287573
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506246
AU  - Balke, Kevin
AU  - Chaudhary, Nadeem
AU  - Brydia, Bob
AU  - Songchitruksa, Praprut
AU  - Pesti, Geza
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Warrants and Criteria for Installing and Sunsetting TxDOT ITS Equipment
PY  - 2014/01//Technical Report
SP  - 114p
AB  - Over the past several decades, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has made a significant  investment in deploying and developing intelligent transportation systems (ITS) devices, such as closed-circuit television (CCTV), traffic sensors, and dynamic message signs (DMS), to assist in managing traffic  operations. However, as these systems have matured and as financial resources have become more  constrained, TxDOT needs to become more strategic in their decision-making as to when and where to  deploy new ITS devices and systems and when and where to continue supporting and/or upgrading systems that have met their life expectancy. The goal of this project was to develop guidelines, criteria, and  procedures to assist TxDOT in their decision-making specific to installing, repairing, and/or removing ITS  field devices and systems. Specifically, through this project the research team assisted TxDOT by: 1) developing warrant conditions and criteria for assessing when and where to install new ITS devices and  systems, 2) providing sunset requirements and criteria for determining when to no longer support deployed  ITS devices and systems, and 3) developing an analytical framework for identifying and prioritizing mission- critical devices and systems for upgrade and maintenance.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Equipment maintenance
KW  - Equipment replacement
KW  - Installation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Warrants (Traffic control devices)
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6773-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1287708
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506245
AU  - Meadati, Pavan
AU  - Toson, Sonia
AU  - Jambro, John
AU  - Southern Polytechnic State University
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) Leadership Academy
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - Public agencies like the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) are continually challenged with  reduced staff levels, reduced budgets, increased workloads and expectations for services provided. In  addition, the current economic and political environments and complex accountability systems create  unique management and leadership challenges. Response to these demands requires a well-informed and  coordinated team that includes professionals, supervisors, technicians, lead workers, and workers led by an able leader or supervisor. The development of a true leader or supervisor to address current problems and issues requires frequent training and interaction. To thrive and become successful, individuals must possess a blend of hard, soft, analytical and problem solving skills along with self-awareness, policy  sophistication, and systems-focus. Such skills are not built overnight. The goal of this research is to  develop a training curriculum and courses for GDOT managers and supervisors and make them perform  better under challenging situations. A survey was conducted to identify the existing and required skills and  competencies for the GDOT managers and supervisors. After reviewing and analyzing the results, nine core  skills and competencies were finalized for the GDOT managers’ and supervisors’ curriculum. In this  research project, new course modules were developed for eight core skills and competencies. They include:  Leadership and leadership skills; Motivating employees; Negotiation and conflict resolution; Decision  making and problem solving; Managing for quality; Strategic management - linking performance plans to  organizational goals; Team building and group productivity; and Ethics for state employees. All the  developed course modules were taught in an instructor-led class setting and were revised based on the  participants’ feedback.
KW  - Curricula
KW  - Georgia Department of Transportation
KW  - Leadership
KW  - Managerial personnel
KW  - Personnel development
KW  - Supervisors
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Training programs
UR  - http://www.dot.ga.gov/BuildSmart/research/Documents/GDOT%20Leadership%20Academy%20Final%20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1287754
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506233
AU  - Miller, Christopher M
AU  - Schneider, William H
AU  - Kennedy, Marla J
AU  - Sullivan, Sarah
AU  - University of Akron
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Snow Removal Wastewater Disposal Alternatives
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 273p
AB  - Management of truck wash water generated at Department of Transportation (DOT) maintenance facilities without access to sanitary sewer can be costly. Strategies for managing this waste stream, including collection and direct disposal, reuse with and without treatment, and tying into the sanitary sewer were identified and evaluated. The results of truck wash water quality monitoring at 24 maintenance facilities indicated that heavy metals concentrations exceeded the established reuse limits in Ohio at many garages. Pilot scale testing indicated that media filtration and particulate settling may be adequate to reduce heavy  metals concentrations to acceptable levels for reuse of wash water.
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Filtration
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Sewage treatment
KW  - Snow removal
KW  - Wastewater
KW  - Water quality management
UR  - http://worldcat.org/arcviewer/8/OHI/2014/03/13/H1394723603526/viewer/file1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290382
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505938
AU  - Carlson, Paul J
AU  - Pratt, Michael P
AU  - Higgins, Laura L
AU  - Nelson, Alicia A
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Traffic Control Device Evaluation Program: Technical Report
PY  - 2014/01
SP  - 120p
AB  - This project was established to provide a means of conducting small scale research activities on an as-needed basis so that the results could be available within months of starting the specific research. This report summarizes the research activities that were conducted between September 2009 and August 2013.  Researchers evaluated bridge clearance signing and visibility; incorporating multiple-curve processing  capabilities into the global positioning system (GPS) method for setting advisory speeds; and guidelines for sign sheeting material for rural applications.
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Sign sheeting
KW  - Signs
KW  - Speed limits
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Visibility
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/9-1001-4.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285861
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505861
AU  - Griffin, Richard
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - In-Place Voids Monitoring of Hot Mix Asphalt Pavements: Follow-Up
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 33p
AB  - In order to validate the policy of allowing the adjustment of the asphalt cement to reduce the laboratory air voids up to one percent, cores were taken over a period of four years on 19 paving projects and tested for air voids. After being compacted by traffic over several years, the average air voids in these pavements were 3.8%. Since the design air voids are required to be between 3.5% and 4.5%, the monitoring validates the effectiveness of the policy. However, there was significant scatter in the data with most of the in-place voids falling out of this design range. The asphalt cement adjustment policy has been validated, but more guidance needs to be developed to reduce scatter. The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) should consider additional guidance in making asphalt cement adjustments to achieve more consistent in-place voids. Forensic analysis of any pavement showing premature failure related to mix problems may help in developing and fine-tuning this guidance.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Asphalt cement
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Cores (Specimens)
KW  - Mix design
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/voids.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286550
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01505860
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - El-Rayes, Khaled
AU  - Liu, Liang
AU  - El-Gohary, Nora
AU  - Abdelmohsen, Ahmed
AU  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effect of Flaggers and Spotters in Directing Work Zone Traffic for Illinois Expressways and Freeways
PY  - 2014/01//Research Report
IS  - 14-001
SP  - 146p
AB  - This research project focused on assessing the effectiveness and essential role of flaggers and spotters in directing traffic for expressway and freeway work zones in Illinois with a posted speed limit greater than 40 mph. The objectives of this project were to (1) conduct a comprehensive literature review to study the latest standards and research on the use of flaggers and spotters to direct work zone traffic on expressways and freeways; (2) perform site visits and field studies to evaluate flagger practices currently used in work zones in Illinois; (3) collect and fuse the latest data on work zone crashes in Illinois during a 14-year period from 1996 to 2009 from all available sources; (4) analyze the gathered data to study the frequency and severity of traffic-related work zone crashes in Illinois highways, and investigate the probable causes and contributing factors of these work zone crashes; (5) investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of work zone safety measures that can be used to supplement or replace the use of flaggers and/or spotters, such as intrusion alarm systems, portable changeable message signs, and portable speed monitoring displays; (6) conduct an online survey of resident engineers and construction personnel in the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and other state DOTs to gather their feedback on the essential roles and effectiveness of flaggers and spotters in directing work zone traffic for expressways and freeways; (7) identify the effectiveness and risks of using spotters and/or flaggers in work zones with a posted speed limit greater than 40 mph on Illinois expressways and freeways, and identify effective work zone safety measures that can be used to supplement or replace flaggers in these works zones; and (8) develop recommendations on the use of flaggers, spotters, and other safety measures in work zones with a posted speed limit greater than 40 mph on Illinois expressways and freeways. These recommendations can be used by IDOT to update and/or expand related IDOT policies, specifications, and standards in order to improve work zone safety and mobility.
KW  - Crash causes
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Crash severity
KW  - Expressways
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Flaggers
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Occupational safety
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/49944
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286714
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505856
AU  - Kiousis, Panos D
AU  - Wang, Judith
AU  - Walthall, Rebecca M.
AU  - Colorado School of Mines
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Connections and End of Walls Subjected to Seismic Loads
PY  - 2014/01//Final Report
SP  - 145p
AB  - The 4th Edition of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications requires all states to design for a 1,000-year return period earthquake, as opposed to earlier editions' 500-year return period. In response to this requirement, the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) sponsored this study to examine the impact that these more stringent design requirements have upon connection details in mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls. The objective of this study was to perform displacement-based dynamic finite element analyses of MSE walls to examine the response of selected internal components when subjected to seismic excitations such as those expected in Colorado. Details that were of particular interest were the upper block connections in modular block walls; the dynamic displacements of the ends of walls; and the relative displacements and motions between the wall facings, soil reinforcement, and soil. The results of this study show that segmental and modular block walls representative of typical current CDOT design practices performed well with respect to both serviceability and strength requirements, even under AASHTO's newly stringent requirement for the consideration of a 1,000-year return period earthquake. The results of these linear elastic finite element studies indicate that seismic design for MSE walls in Colorado does not need to be routinely completed. The MSE walls, which were modeled based upon walls designed using current CDOT MSE wall design procedures, performed very well under all of the seismic loads examined. This means that CDOT's MSE walls do not need to be designed for seismic loads as per the AASHTO recommendation.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Mechanically stabilized earth
KW  - Retaining walls
KW  - Structural connection
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2014/mse.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286957
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01616426
AU  - AASHTO Center for Environmental Excellence
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Examples of Effective Techniques for Preparing High-Quality NEPA Documents
PY  - 2014
SP  - 400p
AB  - The purpose of this report is to help practitioners bridge the gap between the theory and practice of producing high-quality National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) documents by providing examples that illustrate specific techniques. The examples are organized into two broad categories: (1) Improving Overall Document Quality: This group includes techniques for improving the quality and readability of the NEPA document as a whole. These examples address issues such as page layout, writing style, and graphics. (2) Meeting NEPA and Related Requirements: This group includes techniques for strengthening portions of the document that address specific requirements under NEPA and other environmental laws. These examples address issues such as purpose and need, alternatives analysis, methodologies, and mitigation.
KW  - Documents
KW  - Federal requirements
KW  - National Environmental Policy Act
KW  - Readability
KW  - Reports
UR  - http://environment.transportation.org/pdf/examples_quality_enviro_docs/examples_quality_enviro_docs_all.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1434922
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01590509
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Highway Statistics 2014
PY  - 2014
SP  - v.p.
AB  - This publication brings together an annual series of selected statistical tabulations relating to highway transportation in twelve major areas: (1) Bridges; (2) Highway Infrastructure; (3) Highway Travel; (4) Travelers (or System Users); (5) Vehicles; (6) Motor Fuel; (7) Revenue; (8) Debt Obligation for Highways; (9) Apportionments, Obligations, and Expenditures; (10) Conditions and Safety; (11) Performance Indicators; and (12) International. The data collected and published in the annual Highway Statistics is used by all levels of government and the public to assess the performance of the Nation's highway transportation system as well as identify future highway system options. Data are used for assessing highway system performance under FHWA's strategic planning and performance reporting process developed in accordance with requirements of the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) and for apportioning Federal-aid highway funds under Federal legislation. The information is used by FHWA to develop and implement legislation and by State and Federal transportation officials to adequately plan, design, and administer effective, safe, and efficient transportation systems. The data collected are essential to FHWA and Congress in evaluating effectiveness of the Federal-aid highway program providing a wide variety of related data that provide a representative cross section of the highway assets of the Nation.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Debt
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - International
KW  - Motor fuels
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Revenues
KW  - Statistics
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trend (Statistics)
KW  - United States
KW  - Vehicle miles of travel
KW  - Vehicles
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2014/
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1394935
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579156
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Speed Management Toolkit
PY  - 2014
SP  - 64p
AB  - This package of speed management resources was developed from the most relevant and up-to-date existing speed management guides, informational resources, and research evidence. There are three main types of content. The first section, an Annotated Bibliography provides a descriptive list of key speed management resources. The Bibliography also indicates the primary target audiences who may find the resources most useful. Resources were reviewed as part of the project to identify best speed management practices, and to develop the model speed management Action Plan template. The second section describes crash- and speed-reducing countermeasures and the effects that might be expected for implementing the listed treatments. The countermeasures included, with potential crash effects or Crash Modification Factors (CMFs), are derived from high quality evaluations. Several sources were consulted to develop the list of countermeasures with strong evidence of crash or speed-reducing effects. Key among these sources were the Highway Safety Manual, the Crash Modification Factors Clearinghouse, and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) proven safety countermeasures information. Although only measures that have a high quality of evaluation evidence were included in these lists, other measures may also have crash-reducing effects, but the evidence is not as conclusive. The third section provides tip sheets for communications experts and others involved in supporting the speed management program and countermeasures through education and awareness efforts. The tip sheets provide guidance on developing a locally-tailored communications program. Creating and sustaining an effective speed management program requires the commitment and support of diverse stakeholders, including users of the roadways and effective communications can help build such support. In addition, safety benefits of specific countermeasures, such as enforcement or new or unfamiliar engineering treatments, may be enhanced with an effective communications programs.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Bibliographies
KW  - Communications
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Safety programs
KW  - Speeding
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Traffic speed
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/speedmgt/ref_mats/docs/speedmanagementtoolkit_final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370744
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576273
AU  - Interrante, Erica
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - The Next Generation of Travel: Research, Analysis and Scenario Development
PY  - 2014///Final Report
SP  - 34p
AB  - The work completed under the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) The Next Generation of Travel project provides for both a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of current and emerging travel shifts among the different generations, with a focus on youth ages 16-27. The quantitative portion of this project is the statistical analysis conducted by the University of California-Los Angeles (Blumenberg et. al.), using primarily National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data to analyze differences across age cohorts and generations over time and to identify any new or emerging predictors of travel that fall outside the traditional norms as a person ages from youth to retirement. In addition to the statistical analysis, several focus groups were held across the country to further explore the results of the statistical analysis and generational perceptions on transportation-related issues. In conjunction with both the statistical analysis and focus groups, in-depth literature reviews were written on both current sociological issues and their effect on travel behavior, and emerging transportation technologies, with an emphasis on how future generations will interface with these technologies in the areas of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), electronic payment systems and fuel efficient vehicles. This report summarizes the information and findings from this research. Its purpose is to identify trends that are influencing the travel decisions of youth and speculate how these trends may impact future travel forecasts. It may also be used to help guide future research and policy initiatives related to personal travel.
KW  - Age groups
KW  - Focus groups
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - National Household Travel Survey
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Trend (Statistics)
KW  - Young adults
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/otps/nextgen_finalreport.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1367352
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567491
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - New Hampshire Integrated Transportation Planning Workshop, Concord, New Hampshire, November 4, 2014
PY  - 2014
SP  - 34p
AB  - This report documents a one-day Integrated Transportation Planning workshop held in Concord, New Hampshire, on November 4, 2014. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) sponsored the workshop as part of its Scenario Planning Program in partnership with the Federal Transit Administration (FTA). The workshop was developed in close coordination with the Nashua Regional Planning Commission (Nashua RPC) and the FHWA New Hampshire Division. The New Hampshire Department of Transportation (NHDOT) hosted the event. Participants included a diverse range of agencies, such as NHDOT,New Hampshire’s five rural RPCs, and four metropolitan planning organization (MPO)-designated RPCs. The workshop focused on the themes of integrated planning, performance-based planning and programming (PBPP), and scenario planning.
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - New Hampshire
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Regional planning
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/scenario_and_visualization/scenario_planning/peer_exchange/concord_nh/fhwahep15043.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1356972
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01562090
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Northeastern Transportation Wildlife Conference
PY  - 2014
SP  - n.p.
AB  - This conference is an opportunity to learn from and network with experts from all disciplines related to wildlife and transportation. The array of issues confronting transportation and wildlife officials has dramatically increased both in terms of frequency and complexity in an increasingly interconnected world.  Every time a stream flows through a culvert or a moose crosses the median, another example of how these networks converge in complex ways and with significant implications to the public’s interests in fish and wildlife conservation as well as a safe, reliable transportation system is seen. Climate change is another factor that affects wildlife and transportation and transportation officials around the world are being forced to reevaluate and reprioritize transportation infrastructure in a world of increasingly dramatic and unpredictable weather events. Topics covered in this conference include: (1) infrastructure and flood resilience; (2) changing ecology; adaptation and migration; (3) adaptive policy and planning; (4) regional collaboration-shared visions; (5) opportunity knocks-low-cost high benefit practices; (6) a landscape approach to green infrastructure; (7) crisis triage: planning for and managing the unexpected; and (8) new directions.
U1  - Northeastern Transportation Wildlife ConferenceVermont Agency of TransportationVermont Fish and Wildlife DepartmentFederal Highway AdministrationMcFarland JohnsonTerracon Consultants, IncorporatedVanasse Hangen Brustlin, IncorporatedBurlington,VT,United States StartDate:20140921 EndDate:20140924 Sponsors:Vermont Agency of Transportation, Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department, Federal Highway Administration, McFarland Johnson, Terracon Consultants, Incorporated, Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Incorporated
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Disasters and emergency operations
KW  - Floods
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Weather conditions
KW  - Wildlife crossings
UR  - http://www.netwc.org/
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1348828
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01558250
AU  - Middleton, Scott
AU  - Lucken, Emma
AU  - Regan, Terry
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - Disadvantaged Business Enterprise and Business Development Programs: A TPCB Peer Exchange
PY  - 2014///Final Report
SP  - 29p
AB  - This report highlights key recommendations and best practices identified at the peer exchange on Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) and Business Development Programs (BDPs), held on October 15 and 16, 2014, in Houston, Texas. This event was sponsored by the Transportation Planning Capacity Building (TPCB) Peer Program, which is jointly funded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA).
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Businesses
KW  - Disadvantaged business enterprises
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Program management
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.planning.dot.gov/Peer/Houston/houston_10-15-14_DBE_programs.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1347056
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557573
AU  - Sharif, Hatim
AU  - Weissmann, Jose
AU  - Dessouky, Samer
AU  - University of Texas, San Antonio
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Safety Impact of Texas Travel Information Centers
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) currently operates and maintains 12 Travel Information Centers that serve travelers entering the state. These public facilities serve a broad range of visitors, including vacation/recreational travelers, commercial vehicle operators, commuters, travelers on bus tours, motorcyclists, and others. Travel Information Centers provide the distinct advantage of quick and convenient access, some with facilities that are open 24 hours a day. A recent legislative appropriation prompted TxDOT to reassess the functional value of Travel Information Centers and develop a methodology to determine their economic and safety impact for taxpayers. The overall goal of this research was to develop a methodology and gather sufficient data to quantify the impact of Texas Travel Information Center staff and services on the safety of travelers on Texas roadways. Data and analytical tools that quantify the value of person-to-person contact with visitors that provides information about travel route, road condition, destination, weather, and disaster evacuation were used. Several tasks were performed under this study to provide a response to this legislative request.
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Roadside rest areas
KW  - Safety
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6821-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346946
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554333
AU  - Finley, Melisa D
AU  - Venglar, Steven
AU  - Iragavarapu, Vichika
AU  - Miles, Jeff
AU  - Park, Eun Sug
AU  - Cooner, Scott
AU  - Ranft, Stephen
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Wrong Way Driving Countermeasures
PY  - 2014
SP  - 2p
AB  - Researchers reviewed the state of the practice regarding wrong way driving (WWD) in the United States and Texas. Researchers then designed and conducted two closed-course studies to determine the effectiveness of select WWD countermeasures on alcohol-impaired drivers. In addition, researchers obtained preexisting data from several Texas agencies that had installed WWD countermeasures and/or mitigation methods on their road network. Using these datasets, researchers assessed the effectiveness of the implemented strategies in actual operational environments. Researchers also used the focus group discussion method to obtain motorists’ opinions regarding the design of wrong way driver warning messages that can be displayed on dynamic message signs (DMSs). Based on the focus group findings and accepted message design principles, researchers developed two single-phase wrong way driver warning messages that can be posted on DMSs.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Drunk drivers
KW  - Focus groups
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Texas
KW  - Variable message signs
KW  - Wrong way driving
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6769-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1341456
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01554308
JO  - NHTS Brief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Mobility Challenges for Households in Poverty: 2009 National Household Travel Survey
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - Studies have shown that rising transportation costs have a disproportionate negative impact on lower income households. The Bureau of Labor Statistic’s Consumer Expenditure Survey has shown that transportation is the second highest American household expenditure, only exceeded by housing costs. The high sticker price of vehicles, increased prices at the pump, and transit fare hikes all pose a financial burden to the mobility of all households, especially those in poverty. In 2009, the year of the most recent National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), the Census Bureau reported that the nation’s official overall poverty rate was 14.3 percent whereas 25.8 percent of Blacks and 25.3 percent of Hispanics were in poverty. In 2012, the Census poverty numbers changed slightly with poverty rates of 27.2 percent and 25.6 for Blacks and Hispanics respectively. These vulnerable groups are in need of cost-effective transportation options that are affordable and provide them access to job opportunities. Data in this brief includes: distribution of trip mode; distribution of number of household vehicles; and daily travel radius of all persons for Atlanta, Los Angeles and New York City.
KW  - Automobile ownership
KW  - Demographics
KW  - Households
KW  - Low income groups
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Modal split
KW  - National Household Travel Survey
KW  - Travel behavior
UR  - http://nhts.ornl.gov/briefs/PovertyBrief.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342017
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01554280
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - National Household Travel Survey: Compendium of Uses: January 2014 - December 2014
PY  - 2014
SP  - 342p
AB  - This compendium contains various uses and applications of the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data used in transportation planning and research from January 2014 to December 2014. Published journal articles and reports that cite the use of NHTS data were selected using the Transportation Research Board (TRB) Annual Meeting Online Portal http://amonline.trb.org/ and Google Alerts, notification emails sent by Google when new search results matched predetermined search terms pertaining to NHTS data. The key word and search engine terms used in both online sources were the National Household Travel Survey and NHTS. The research papers were grouped into 11 categories that were created based on the Subject Areas and index terms identified in each abstract as well as category titles used in previous NHTS compendium databases. This 2014 compendium consists of approximately 322 research papers and articles. A one-page description of each paper is provided which includes the Title, Authors, Abstract, Subject Areas, and Availability.
KW  - National Household Travel Survey
KW  - Research reports
KW  - Travel surveys
UR  - http://nhts.ornl.gov/2009/pub/Compendium_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342016
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01554275
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Intelligent Compaction: Summary of Intelligent Compaction on Soil and Subbase
PY  - 2014
SP  - 7p
AB  - This Tech Brief represents the second in a series of three tech briefs that are targeted at sharing information about intelligent compaction (IC) technology and helping to promote its use throughout the U.S. This first Tech Brief provides an Executive Summary that provides background information, a detailed description of the technology, and identifies the advantages and implementation considerations. It is applicable to IC for both soil/ subbase and hot-mix asphalt/ warm-mix asphalt (HMA/WMA) construction. Using the findings of recent demonstration projects, this Tech Brief provides information that demonstrates the field application of this technology for soil and subbase materials.
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Paving
KW  - Soil compaction
KW  - Subbase (Pavements)
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - United States
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/construction/ictssc/pubs/hif13052.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342633
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01554257
JO  - Application Notes
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Intelligent Compaction for Asphalt Paving: Intelligent Compaction Implementation on Sitka Airport Project
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - With traditional rolling efforts, some areas of the asphalt mat do not receive total coverage. Contractors can use intelligent compaction (IC) to ensure the entire asphalt mat gets the correct amount of compaction effort. This document outlines the IC process used for the Sitka Rocky Gutierrez Airport Runway Overlay Project. Strengths and limitations of using IC equipment from the contractor's standpoint are included.
KW  - Airport runways
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Paving
KW  - Sitka Rocky Gutierrez Airport
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/construction/ictssc/pubs/hif13049.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1342632
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551291
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FLMA Southeast Region Climate Change Transportation Tool
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) partnered with two Federal Land Management Agencies (FLMAs)—the U.S. National Park Service (NPS), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (U.S. FWS)—in a project to develop a tool to help agencies manage their transportation assets in the face of climate change. Major project components include: (1) a synthesis report of FLMA climate change efforts and current best practices; (2) a Southeast Region Climate Change and Transportation Tool to help National Parks and National Wildlife Refuges assess climate vulnerabilities and develop adaptation strategies; and (3) workshops at four pilot units (two Parks and two Refuges) to test best practices and tool components. The project resulted in data-driven vulnerability assessments for each Park and Refuge in the region, based on information from national hazard datasets and Park and Refuge asset management systems.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Federal Land Management Agencies
KW  - National parks
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Southeastern United States
KW  - Transportation
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/case_studies/southeast_region/flma.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1339976
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01551259
AU  - Toward Zero Deaths Steering Committee
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Towards Zero Deaths: A National Strategy on Highway Safety
PY  - 2014
SP  - 91p
AB  - While so much progress has been made in efforts to prevent fatalities, traffic safety professionals and advocates nationwide understand the magnitude of both the challenge and the efforts necessary to continue to make significant progress. Highway safety stakeholders—including government agencies, private industry, safety advocates, associations representing professionals, and individuals—are committed to reducing fatalities to zero. These stakeholders continuously expand their efforts to improve highway safety and they are committed to do more of what stakeholders know works, while also using new approaches, materials, and technologies to reach safety goals sooner. This document highlights the key initiatives to prioritize over the coming decades to achieve the Towards Zero Deaths (TZD) vision. The National Strategy includes initiatives that are known to be—or are expected to be—effective in addressing specific factors contributing to crashes, have the potential to make a significant reduction in fatalities and serious injuries nationally, or address areas of growing concern. There are many proven safety strategies and the ones highlighted in this document are expected to have a high impact. This document does not provide an exhaustive list of all effective countermeasures and programs—although it does present numerous strategies for the organizations with a role in highway safety to consider.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Safety programs
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.towardzerodeaths.org/dld/TZD_Strategy_4_30_2014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340561
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548620
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa R
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Songchitruksa, Praprut
AU  - Estakhri, Cindy
AU  - Wilson, Bryan T
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Low-Cost Safety Solutions, Pavement Preservation, and Maintenance Practices for Rural Highways
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - This project included two tasks. The objective of task one was to develop and demonstrate innovative low-cost solutions to improve safety at stop-controlled intersections. Preliminary directives from the project panel were to focus on treatments on the minor street approach and not necessarily on the major street approach, and to investigate solutions that are active in nature, i.e., have beacons come on when a vehicle arrives or when a vehicle is not slowing down. The focus of task two was to demonstrate the latest pavement preservation and maintenance treatments in a controlled environment, and then apply the best-performing products in demonstration projects. The focus of these treatments included: thin hot-mix asphalt (HMA) overlays (dense graded, gap graded, and open graded) and modified and unmodified crack sealants.
KW  - Bituminous overlays
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Sealing compounds
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/9-1529-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333146
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548545
AU  - Folliard, Kevin J
AU  - Dornak, Mitchell
AU  - Zuniga, Jose
AU  - Garcia, Anthony
AU  - Drimalas, Thano
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Rapid, Cement-Based Repair Materials for Transportation Structures
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The state of Texas has been plagued by various durability-related issues in recent years, including deterioration from alkali-silica reaction, delayed ettringite formation, corrosion of reinforcing steel, volume changes (plastic shrinkage, drying shrinkage, thermal effects, etc.), and spalling of continuously reinforced concrete pavements. These durability-related issues, coupled with other factors that contribute to reductions in service life (e.g., service loads and defects), have resulted in the need to repair concrete structures and to do so in a timely, efficient fashion, with minimal disruption to the traveling public. Thus, the need for rapid, cement-based repair materials has emerged, especially in highly congested urban areas. The focus of this project was to evaluate a range of repair materials across a range of properties (fresh, hardened, and durability) that affect the performance of horizontal repairs, such as on pavements and bridge decks.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Concrete structures
KW  - Durability
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Properties of materials
KW  - Repairing
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/psr/0-6723-s.pdf
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6723-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335858
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548496
AU  - Gharaibeh, Nasir G
AU  - Narciso, Paul
AU  - Cha, Youngkwon
AU  - Menendez, Jose R
AU  - Oh, Jeongho
AU  - Wimsatt, Andrew
AU  - Dessouky, Samer
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Develop a Pavement Project Evaluation Index to Support the 4-Year Pavement Management Plan
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - A pavement management plan (PMP) identifies candidate maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) projects for a particular roadway network over a multi-year planning period. The PMP describes the location, treatment type, year, and cost of the planned M&R projects, and provides an assessment of the impact of these projects on the network condition throughout the planning period. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) instituted the PMP requirement for all 25 districts to help expend its limited resources and achieve its performance goals in a cost-effective manner and in response to legislative requirements. Each of TxDOT’s 25 districts prepares a PMP that identifies candidate M&R projects for a 4-year planning period. This research project seeks to support and enhance the PMP development process through a consistent methodology and computational tool. The methodology will help identify pavement M&R projects that yield the maximum performance benefits expected under different budget scenarios over a multi-year planning period.
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Software
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6683-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333144
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544692
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Partially Populated Catalogue of Measured Properties of Field Sections
PY  - 2014
SP  - 20p
AB  - This catalogue documents the construction, monitoring, and mixture information of 11 test sections: four in SH 15 north of Amarillo, Texas, three in US 62 at Childress, and four in Loop 820 at Fort Worth. The field test section and the lab mix test information provide a partially populated catalogue to track the field performance of test sections. These test sections will be monitored, and comparisons will be made between prediction and surveying results for further model refining/calibration. Information in this catalogue includes: (1) Field Test Section Information, such as, global positioning system (GPS) coordinates of each test section, existing pavement structure and pavement conditions, asphalt mix type of each test section, and construction information such as laying temperature and compaction pattern. (2) Lab Testing Results of Mixtures from Each Test Section, such as, dynamic modulus results, overlay test (OT) results, and repeated load test results.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Catalogs
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Test sections
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6674-P3.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329985
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544681
AU  - Farzaneh, Mohamadreza
AU  - Kenney, Megan E
AU  - Prozzi, Jolanda
AU  - Carlson, Todd B
AU  - Li, Yingfeng
AU  - Zhang, Yue
AU  - Ramani, Tara L
AU  - Zietsman, Josias
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Maintaining Project Consistency with Transportation Plans through the Project Life Cycle with an Emphasis on Maintaining Air quality Conformity
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Streamlined project delivery is a federally mandated goal that the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) leadership supports to achieve a more efficient and effective transportation system in Texas. Federal and state transportation planning statutory and regulatory laws require transportation projects to be consistent with transportation plans and improvement programs before the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) or the Federal Transit Authority (FTA) can take federal action on a project requiring one. This issue is especially critical for projects in nonattainment and maintenance areas. This research focused on how to maintain project consistency through the letting stage. This project provides TxDOT with insight into the stakeholders' involvement in maintaining project consistency and the key challenges that hinder project consistency during the project development process.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Project management
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329987
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544678
AU  - Quiroga, Cesar
AU  - Sharma, Sushant
AU  - Meyland, Mary
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Determine the Cost for TxDOT to Process/Review/Approve Utility and Driveway Permits
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Reviewing and processing utility and driveway permits require Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) personnel to devote a considerable amount of involvement and coordination, both at the district and division levels. This research evaluated the time and cost to process various types of utility and driveway permits, and examined potential fee alternatives to recover those costs. The research also included evaluating the feasibility of transferring permitting functions to municipalities and developing recommendations for access management compliance.
KW  - Access control (Transportation)
KW  - Costs
KW  - Driveways
KW  - Fees
KW  - Permits
KW  - Public utilities
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329986
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544646
AU  - Bligh, Roger P
AU  - Arrington, Dusty R
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Kuhn, Beverly T
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Design Standards for Mounting Temporary Large Guide Signs
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - A common issue during phased highway construction projects is the need to temporarily relocate large guide signs on the roadside or install new guide signs for temporary use. This project developed a series of design standards for mounting temporary guide signs that are cost effective, crashworthy, and capable of accommodating wind load requirements.
KW  - Construction sites
KW  - Crashworthiness
KW  - Design standards
KW  - Guide signs
KW  - Sign supports
KW  - Temporary structures
KW  - Wind resistant design
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6782-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329988
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544609
AU  - Chaudhary, Nadeem A
AU  - Sunkari, Srinivasa R
AU  - Charara, Hassan A
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - NTCIP-Based Traffic Signal Evaluation and Optimization Toolbox
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Like most agencies in charge of operating and maintaining traffic signals scattered over large geographic regions, Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) districts do not have the resources needed to proactively maintain traffic signals in their respective jurisdictions. TxDOT initiated this project to develop two toolboxes to assist its staff to troubleshoot and resolve operational problems at signalized intersections and diamond interchanges. Each toolbox consists of an off-the-shelf industrial laptop computer loaded with custom software to provide needed functionality. Use of the National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation Systems Protocol (NTCIP) was a key requirement.
KW  - Diamond interchanges
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - National Transportation Communications for Intelligent Transportation Systems Protocol
KW  - Signalized intersections
KW  - Software
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic signals
KW  - Troubleshooting
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329337
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544574
AU  - Deng, Jun
AU  - Lorenzini, Karen M
AU  - Kraus, Edgar
AU  - Paleti, Rajesh
AU  - Castro, Marisol
AU  - Bhat, Chandra R
AU  - Chandrasekhar, R
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Business Process Model / Logical Data Model
PY  - 2014///Version 18
SP  - 157p
AB  - Changing modeling needs over the past few years, spurred by the evolving policy contexts of transportation planning and emerging technologies, have led the planning community to explore tour-based and activity-based modeling paradigms as an alternative to the traditional trip-based modeling paradigm. As a leading travel model practitioner, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Transportation Planning and Programming Division sponsored an earlier study to synthesize tour-based modeling approaches in the country and identify potential benefits and costs of transitioning to this emerging modeling paradigm in Texas. Based on the results of that study, the current research effort developed a business case for a tour-based travel demand model system. The business case discusses the justification and need for a tour-based model, and includes a business process model and a logical data model that provide the step-by-step actions and procedures needed to support the design and development of a tour-based travel model. The business case not only justifies the need for tour-based models, but also proactively identifies potential challenges and constraints that may arise in implementation, and provides pathways to address them. It also addresses the need to continue to operate trip-based models in parallel with tour-based where needed or required, and assesses any impacts of tour-based modeling on the Technological Services Division of TxDOT. Although TxDOT has not yet transitioned towards a tour-based modeling approach, the current study can facilitate the model's implementation if TxDOT decides to move forward.
KW  - Data dictionaries
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6759-P2.pdf
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6759-P3.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1328753
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544544
AU  - Arrington, Dusty R
AU  - Theiss, LuAnn
AU  - Zimmer, Richard A
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of New Delineator Material and Impact Testing Standard to Prevent Premature Failures Specific to Installation Application
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The use of delineators has become popular across Texas. They are being used in several different applications with unique impact conditions and/or impact frequency. There is not a federally mandated national standard for testing and evaluation of delineators. By developing a categorical testing specification, the state can better evaluate delineator products for each application use. This enhanced evaluation would lead to proper selection of the best delineator for a certain application.
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway delineators
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Standards
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6772-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329989
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01544535
JO  - Exploratory Advanced Research Program Fact Sheet
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Innovative Culvert Inspection: Developing an Effective Small-Pipe Culvert Inspection System
PY  - 2014
SP  - 2p
AB  - Thousands of culvert pipes are damaged every year in large rain events or in floods, costing millions in repair or replacement costs and causing widespread impacts. Developing an effective culvert inspection technology for small pipes, less than 1.2 m (4 ft) diameter, to minimize these costs, disruptions, and impacts was the goal of the Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) Program project “Buoyant Sensors for Mapping, Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Repair of Culverts.” Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) conducted this research, which was funded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in 2010.
KW  - Culvert pipe
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Sensors
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14095/14095.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329633
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544531
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Li, Hongsheng
AU  - Chen, Peiru
AU  - Scullion, Thomas
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving Fracture Resistance Measurement in Asphalt Binder Specification with Verification on Asphalt Mixture Cracking Performance
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The current performance grading (PG) specification for asphalt binders is based primarily on the study of unmodified asphalt binders. It is necessary to improve the current asphalt grading system and recommended associated specification limits, especially for modified binders. This project: Identified/evaluated simple laboratory evaluation methods to characterize binder properties; recommended a potential binder specification change; tracked the field performance of pavements using different binders including softer b highly modified binders; developed a statewide binder selection catalog for each district based on cracking performance simulation and life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) results.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6674-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1329336
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01539696
AU  - Bhat, Chandra R
AU  - Deng, Jun
AU  - Castro, Marisol
AU  - Paleti, Rajesh
AU  - Lorenzini, Karen
AU  - Kraus, Edgar
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing a Business Process and Logical Model to Support a Tour-Based Travel Demand Model Design for TxDOT
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) created a standardized trip-based modeling approach for travel demand modeling called the Texas Package Suite of Travel Demand Models (referred to as the Texas Package) to oversee the travel demand model development and implementation for most of the urban areas in Texas. TxDOT’s existing trip-based modeling approach for travel demand forecasting is  adequate to examine most large-scale, regionally significant, highway capacity-added projects and  to provide output usable for the air quality analysis required for areas designated as non-attainment and maintenance areas. However, this approach requires substantial post-processing and/or is unable to provide output for decision makers on other types of transportation improvement projects being  explored. The Texas Package does not currently include the advanced-practice behavioral  analysis techniques to examine some specific policy- and behavioral-response questions. This  research considers a business case for a tour-based travel demand model system using formal  documentation from TxDOT’s Technological Services Division (TSD).
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Texas
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Urban areas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/psr/0-6759-s.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324786
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538342
AU  - Leite, Fernanda
AU  - Griffin, Lisa
AU  - Machemehl, Randy
AU  - Fleisher, Tim
AU  - Choe, Sooyoung
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Summary of Stretch and Flex Program for TxDOT Operations
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Strain- and sprain-related incidents account for 40 percent of the total injuries of Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) employees. Over the past 5 years, the most common strain or sprain injury was of the lower back; 50 percent of these injuries were caused by lifting tasks. Research studies have shown that muscle-strengthening exercises can reduce workplace strain- and sprain-related incidents. However, most of the Stretch and Flex programs currently being implemented involve more stretching than flexing. Thus, current Stretch and Flex programs may not be as beneficial as they could be. The goal of this project was to create a guidebook presenting a set of ergonomic recommendations for common TxDOT workplace tasks and a Stretch and Flex program designed to reduce strain- and sprain-related incidents for both office and field workers.
KW  - Back
KW  - Employees
KW  - Ergonomics
KW  - Health
KW  - Industrial accidents
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Physical fitness
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/psr/0-6805-s.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322643
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538316
AU  - Walton, C M
AU  - Jin, Peter J
AU  - Hall, Andrea
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - New Technology Task Force: Phase II
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Texas’ 83rd Legislature charged the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) with examining and  evaluating innovative transportation technologies for purposes of reducing costs, reducing traffic congestion, enhancing safety, and increasing economic productivity. As a result, the Texas Transportation Task Force (TTTF) was formed, encompassing a group of experts who discussed four areas of emerging transportation technologies: connected vehicles, autonomous vehicles, electric systems, and cloud computing/crowdsourcing technologies. . Phase II of this project aimed to complete initial background work for a strategic technology business plan and establish a work plan for completing the strategic plan in later phases. Preliminary work includes the following topics: (1) Review of other technology development plans from the federal government, other states, and industry. Development of a work plan for the completion of a strategic business plan. (2) Internal and external environmental scan. (3) Texas economic strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. (4) Vision and strategy development.
KW  - Cloud computing
KW  - Crowdsourcing
KW  - Electric power generation and transmission
KW  - Electric vehicles
KW  - Intelligent vehicles
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/psr/0-6803-s.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324308
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538302
AU  - Bhat, Chandra R
AU  - Hoklas, Megan Marie
AU  - Deng, Jun
AU  - Dubey, Subodh Kant
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Forecasting Tool User Manual
PY  - 2014
SP  - 15p
AB  - The Excel-based forecasting tool allows users to provide a mode choice model along with various skims (in-vehicle travel time, out-of-vehicle travel time, travel distance, and travel cost) in order to calculate the mode share at both the traffic analysis zone (TAZ) level and individual level. It also has the capability of obtaining the mode share given any change in the model explanatory variables—such as in-vehicle travel time, out-of-vehicle travel time, etc.—via the tool’s scenario module. The .zip file contains the Excel-based forecasting tool and the Forecasting Tool User Manual.
KW  - Computer program documentation
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Modal split
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Traffic analysis zones
KW  - Travel costs
KW  - Travel time
KW  - Trip length
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6766-P1.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323274
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538286
AU  - Breen, John E
AU  - Kreger, Michael E
AU  - Kilduff, Andrew L
AU  - Moyer, Kevin L
AU  - McCool, Gregory E
AU  - Ahern, Michael E
AU  - Kalina, Ryan D
AU  - MacLean, Sean
AU  - Luthi, Tanya
AU  - Icaza, Juan J
AU  - Diephuis, Jeffrey R
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Corrosion Resistance of Grouted Post-Tensioning Systems
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The increased popularity of post-tensioned bridge construction in the United States has led to concerns  about corrosion and its impact on the life cycle of these bridges. New materials have been produced by commercial manufacturers and are being used in post-tensioning systems. New construction methods have also been developed and include procedures recommended by the Post-Tensioning Institute (PTI). One major problem that agencies face today is the difficulty of providing sufficient monitoring and  inspection techniques for bonded post-tensioned structures. Condition surveys are often limited to visual  inspections for signs of cracking, spalling, and surface rust staining. This limited technique can often overlook the deterioration of prestressing steel and can fail to detect the potential for very severe and sudden collapses. Using the recommendations from previous Center for Transportation Research (CTR) research, the research team designed and developed new specimens. To establish the corrosion resistance of the post-tensioning strands to be used in the new specimens, the researchers performed preliminary companion tests. These strands were then used in combinations with different duct, coupler, and anchorage types and were subjected to highly aggressive exposure for either 4 or 6 years. The specimens were monitored continuously and eventually autopsied to evaluate the final corrosion  resistance of each strand, duct, coupler, and anchorage combination.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Corrosion resistance
KW  - Durability
KW  - Grout
KW  - Posttensioning
KW  - Specimens
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-4562-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324128
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538279
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects
PY  - 2014
SP  - 762p
AB  - These Standard Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects are  issued primarily for constructing roads and bridges on Federal Highway projects under the direct  administration of the Federal Highway Administration. Contents include: General requirements, Project requirements, Earthwork, Slope reinforcement and retaining walls, Aggregate and base courses, Asphalt pavements and surface treatments, Rigid pavements, Bridge construction, Incidental construction, and Material.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Earthwork
KW  - Embankments and retaining walls
KW  - Federal Lands Highway Program
KW  - Materials
KW  - Pavement layers
KW  - Rigid pavements
KW  - Road construction
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://flh.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/pse/specs/fp-14/fp14.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1322126
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538230
AU  - Cleveland, Theodore G
AU  - Strom, Kyle B
AU  - Sharif, Hatim
AU  - Liu, Xiaofeng
AU  - Texas Tech University, Lubbock
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Empirical Flow Parameters : A Tool for Hydraulic Model Validity Assessment
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Hydraulic modeling assembles models based on generalizations of parameter values from textbooks,  professional literature, computer program documentation, and engineering experience. Actual measurements adjacent to the model location are seldom available for use in refining model parameters. This situation often leads to good-faith estimation of velocities (needed for assessing forces on bridge piers, and assessing erosion and scour potential) that are unusually large. This research developed independent ways to assess computed velocities based on prior, authoritative, and observational  experience as an independent tool to assess hydrologic and hydraulic model validity.
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Hydrology
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Texas
KW  - Validation
KW  - Velocity measurement
UR  - http://www.depts.ttu.edu/techmrtweb/Reports/PSRs/0-6654-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323272
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538150
AU  - Bae, Sang-Wook
AU  - Tate, Derrick
AU  - Zuo, Delong
AU  - Wood, Timothy
AU  - Bligh, Roger P
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Texas Tech University, Lubbock
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Testing of Alternative Supporting Materials for Portable Roll-Up Signs Used for Maintenance Work Zones
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Portable roll-up signs are currently used by the Texas Department of Transportation for identification of short-term maintenance/work zones and emergency operations. These signs have fiberglass frames that directly support diamond-shaped and rectangular flexible sign faces. It has been frequently reported that these fiberglass frames have failed due to bending caused by natural winds or gusts generated by  passing vehicles. This research project addressed three major issues: (1) Understanding the nature of wind loading on portable roll-up signs. (2) Identifying alternative materials for fiberglass frames. (3) • Developing modified/new designs of portable roll-up signs.
KW  - Design
KW  - Fiberglass
KW  - Frames
KW  - Loads
KW  - Materials selection
KW  - Portable equipment
KW  - Texas
KW  - Traffic signs
KW  - Wind
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - http://www.depts.ttu.edu/techmrtweb/reports/psrs/0-6639-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323271
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538127
AU  - Murphy, Mike
AU  - Burton, Maria
AU  - Kim, Moo Yeon
AU  - Smit, Andre
AU  - Trevino, Manuel
AU  - Wu, Hui
AU  - Prozzi, Jorge
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Best Practice for Flexible Pavement Structure Widening Projects
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has experienced problems with construction quality and performance on narrow widening projects (e.g., adding a 2- to 5-ft shoulder). Texas has approximately 40,000 lane-miles of Farm-to-Market (FM) roads with 9- to 10-ft-wide lanes. In addition, approximately 20 percent, 26 percent, and 36 percent of roadways with 9-ft, 10-ft, and 11-ft lanes, respectively, have either no shoulder or a 1-ft shoulder. These roads are potential candidates for lane or shoulder widening to  improve safety performance and increase capacity. However, due to constraints regarding construction equipment limitations, material selection options and compatibility, construction methods, and other issues, problems with narrow widening projects can arise. These challenges include inadequate compaction at the base layer joint interface, drainage within the pavement and at the pavement surface, either high or depressed surface layer construction joints, and potential safety concerns. To effectively overcome these challenges, TxDOT has initiated this project to prepare a compendium of best practices and lessons learned regarding narrow widening projects. The primary goal of this project is to identify  best practices for improving pavement performance on projects involving widening of narrow pavement structures.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Pavement widening
KW  - Paving
KW  - Road shoulders
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/psr/0-6748-s.pdf
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6748-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1324133
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01536063
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - AASHTO Center for Environmental Excellence
AU  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
TI  - Examples of Effective Techniques for Improving the Quality of Environmental Documents
PY  - 2014
SP  - 398p
AB  - For more than a decade, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has been engaged in an effort to improve the quality of environmental documents prepared under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). This effort has included several initiatives undertaken in collaboration with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and the American Council of Engineering Companies (ACEC). The purpose of this report is to help practitioners bridge the gap between the theory and practice of producing high-quality NEPA documents by providing examples that illustrate specific techniques. The examples are organized into two broad categories: improving overall document quality and meeting NEPA and related requirements. This report consists of 17 chapters, each addressing a technique for improving the quality of NEPA documents. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction, which provides context and describes the technique. Following the introduction, the chapter includes a series of examples. Each example is an excerpt from a recent environmental impact statement. The examples are annotated to describe the techniques that they are intended to illustrate.
KW  - Documents
KW  - Environmental impact statements
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - National Environmental Policy Act
UR  - http://environment.transportation.org/pdf/examples_quality_enviro_docs/examples_quality_enviro_docs_all.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320925
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01534850
JO  - Transportation Research Board Conference Proceedings on the Web
PB  - Transportation Research Board
AU  - Turnbull, Katherine F
TI  - Making Progress: Transportation Planners and Programmers Turn Ideas into Reality. Summary of a Conference
PY  - 2014
IS  - 15
SP  - 64p
AB  - Transportation planning and programming continue  to evolve in response to the availability of sophisticated analysis tools and  techniques, a growing number of related considerations, more diverse stakeholders, expanding policies, and the  desire for increased transparency and accountability. To further explore the ways  in which transportation professionals can use the various tools and techniques  at their disposal to achieve transportation planning and programming goals, the  Transportation Research Board (TRB) organized Making Progress: Transportation  Planners and Programmers Turn Ideas into Reality, a conference held in Denver,  Colorado, on May 23–25, 2012.  Building on previous successful TRB statewide planning and programming  conferences, this conference took a new approach by bringing the two topics,  planning and programming, together. Considering these two topics together  provided an opportunity to explore the connections between the two processes  and to “cross train” the professionals in each area.  After the opening session, the conference was organized around four  steps:   1) establishing the vision; 2)  establishing the roadmap; 3) turning the vision into reality;  and 4) monitoring progress.  Each step included both general sessions and breakout sessions. The  conference also featured a tools and technology showcase and a walking tour of  the Denver Union Station. The major topics addressed in the general sessions and breakout sessions  are presented in this summary report following the same order as the conference  program. The summary also includes further research needs, outreach activities,  and implementation opportunities identified by the rapporteur from the discussions in the general sessions and the breakout sessions.
U1  - Making Progress: Transportation Planners and Programmers Turn Ideas into RealityTransportation Research BoardFederal Highway AdministrationFederal Transit AdministrationAmerican Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)Colorado Department of TransportationPikes Peak Area Council of GovernmentsDenver,Colorado StartDate:20120523 EndDate:20120525 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Colorado Department of Transportation, Pikes Peak Area Council of Governments
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Plan implementation
KW  - Programming (Planning)
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/171159.aspx
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1320630
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01532307
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Nieves, Antonio
TI  - Intelligent Compaction: Summary of Intelligent Compaction for HMA/WMA Paving
PY  - 2014
IS  - Spring 2014
SP  - 9p
AB  - This tech brief presents information about intelligent compaction (IC) technology and helps to promote its use throughout the United States. A companion tech brief provides an executive summary containing background information, a detailed description of IC technology, and advantages and implementation considerations. It is applicable to IC for both soil/subbase and hot-mix asphalt/warm-mix asphalt  (HMA/WMA) construction. Using the findings of recent demonstration projects, this tech brief provides information that exhibits the field application of this technology for HMA/WMA paving.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Paving
KW  - Subbase (Pavements)
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - United States
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/construction/ictssc/pubs/hif13053.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317285
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529405
AU  - Bhat, Chandra R
AU  - Castro, Marisol
AU  - Dubey, Subodh
AU  - Deng, Jun
AU  - Loftus-Otway, Lisa
AU  - Hoklas, Megan
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Generic Mode Choice Model Applicable for Small and Medium-Sized MPOs
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Due to the projected population growth increase in Texas and the continued increase in total motorized vehicle miles traveled in Texas, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is interested in examining multimodal solutions to aid in managing the growing auto travel demand. TxDOT’s Transportation Planning and Programming Division has initiated another enhancement to their travel demand modeling system to analyze alternative transportation modes.
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Mode choice
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Texas
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6766-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311874
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529404
AU  - Boske, Leigh B
AU  - Gamkhar, Shama
AU  - Harrison, Robert
AU  - Diamond-Ortiz, Andres D
AU  - Harwin, Alexandra L
AU  - Lazarus, Dana R
AU  - Martin, John Anthony
AU  - Martinez, Sergio
AU  - Neuhausen, Alissa
AU  - Payne, Will
AU  - Somerville, Courtney
AU  - Udwin, Trevor C
AU  - Zhang, Weihui
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Summary of Texas Highway Funding Options and Alternatives
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - During the 2012–2013 academic year, The University of Texas at Austin’s Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs offered a Policy Research Project (PRP) course on Texas highway funding options. PRPs are a standard course in the LBJ School’s curriculum and involve team research performed by 10–15 graduate  students and two or more supervising faculty on a public policy issue of concern to a client public agency. The study produced four finance issue briefs on the following subjects: Energy-sector infrastructure financing, Weight-distance charges, Electric vehicle fees, and Toll road availability payments.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Electric vehicles
KW  - Fees
KW  - Financing
KW  - Heavy duty trucks
KW  - Highways
KW  - Policy
KW  - Texas
KW  - Toll roads
KW  - User charges
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6802-s.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313478
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529329
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Understanding Material Durability: Workshop Examines Aging of Composite Materials
PY  - 2014
SP  - 2p
AB  - Corrosion decay is an expensive and ongoing challenge throughout the U.S.-highway network. To mitigate this problem, advanced composite materials are used in a wide range of infrastructure applications. These materials are lightweight, high strength and offer high-fatigue and corrosion resistant properties; however, accurately understanding how these materials degrade and age over time is critical for safe and economical implementation. Accordingly, a workshop supported by the Federal Highway Administration’s Exploratory  Advanced Research (EAR) Program and the National Science Foundation was held to discuss state-of-the-art understanding and future research directions on aspects of aging of composites.
KW  - Aging (Materials)
KW  - Composite materials
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Durability
KW  - Fiber reinforced polymers
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14068/14068.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311860
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529310
AU  - Hall, Kevin
AU  - Kockelman, Kara
AU  - Chen, Donna
AU  - Mullins, Andy
AU  - Fagnant, Dan
AU  - Boyles, Stephen
AU  - Burris, Mark
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Review of Tolling Approaches for Implementation within TxDOT’s Travel Demand Models
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The urban travel demand models developed and applied by the Transportation Planning and Programming Division of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT-TPP) are daily three-step models without feedback. In other words, trip generation, trip distribution, and traffic assignment are sequentially invoked for a single, full-day (24-hour) trip assignment. Estimates of highway travel times are used as the exclusive measure of impedance to travel, rather than travel costs or tolls. TxDOT-TPP does not yet have a procedure to account for existing or planned toll roads in the regional models, and has been operating under the guidance established when toll roads existed as planned facility improvements only. Toll roads have been implemented only recently in a few small- to medium-sized urban areas still under the purview of TxDOT-TPP’s modeling team. To calibrate base-year travel models with operational toll roads or anticipate  demands along planned tolled facilities, TxDOT-TPP needs a procedure to account for facilities that charge user fees.
KW  - Texas
KW  - Toll roads
KW  - Tolls
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6754-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311873
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529308
AU  - Won, Moon
AU  - Ghebrab, Tewodros
AU  - Choi, Pangil
AU  - Ha, Soojun
AU  - Texas Tech University, Lubbock
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Minimize Premature Distresses in Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - The performance of continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) has been quite satisfactory in Texas, providing one of the most cost-effective pavement systems for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). However, distresses do occur occasionally. Once distresses occur, they need to be repaired in a timely manner, and the repair cost is relatively high. Extensive field performance  evaluations of CRCP in Texas conducted under the TxDOT rigid pavement database project indicate that the majority of the distresses are not necessarily due to the deficiencies in the structural capacity of CRCP. Rather, the majority of distresses are due to imperfections in materials and construction quality. These distresses normally occur earlier than structural distresses caused by fatigue failure of concrete. Accordingly, they are termed premature distresses (PMDs). Traditional ways of strengthening the  pavement system, such as the use of increased concrete slab thickness, do not reduce the frequency of PMDs. The repair cost of CRCP is higher than that of jointed concrete pavement (CPCD), and there is little difference in the repair cost between PMDs and normal structural failures. Also, repair of CRCP distress takes longer to complete than CPCD repairs, causing traffic delays and increasing user cost. It is desirable to identify the mechanisms of PMDs and develop means to prevent or minimize the occurrence of PMDs.
KW  - Continuously reinforced concrete pavements
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6687-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311872
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529302
AU  - Chang, Carlos M
AU  - Nazarian, Soheil
AU  - Abdallah, Imad
AU  - Saenz, Daniel
AU  - Wimsatt, Andrew
AU  - Freeman, Tom
AU  - Fernando, Emmanuel
AU  - University of Texas, El Paso
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improvement in Pavement Ride, Distress, and Condition Based on Different Pavement Types
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Each district is required to develop a 4-year pavement management plan assigning project treatment categories for the Pavement Management Information System (PMIS). However, there are different interpretations in the districts about what treatments should be considered as preventive maintenance (PM),  light rehabilitation (LRhb), medium rehabilitation (MRhb), and heavy rehabilitation (HRhb). There is a need to develop guidelines with technical criteria for the selection of maintenance and rehabilitation alternatives and  to identify which treatments belong to each PMIS treatment category. There is also a need to update the improvements to the PMIS scores for each treatment category.
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement Management Information System
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6673-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1311871
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526961
AU  - Hu, Jiong
AU  - Jensen, Darrin
AU  - Fowler, David
AU  - Siddiqui, Md Sarwar
AU  - Whitney, David
AU  - Kim, Yoo Jae
AU  - Lee, Soon-Jae
AU  - Texas State University, San Marcos
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Texas State University and The University of Texas at Austin Project 0-6749 : Feasibility Study of Two-Lift Concrete Paving
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Two-lift concrete paving (2LCP) involves placing two layers of concrete (wet-on-wet) instead of a single homogeneous layer, as is typically done in the United States. 2LCP offers the opportunity to optimize the use of local aggregates and recycled materials to produce an economical, durable, and sustainable pavement system with the most desirable surface characteristics (improved skid resistance and reduced noise). Challenges of 2LCP include having the proper paving equipment, pavement construction management, the right mixture proportions to use local materials in the bottom lift, which results in an economical pavement placement, and the proper proportions and materials to ensure adequate surface friction and abrasion resistance in the top lift. This study is to deliver a feasibility analysis and cost assessment of this alternative method of paving with current equipment and materials, but using more of the plentiful local resources (that might not be suitable as the surface course), instead of relying on imported materials.
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Costs
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Local materials
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6749-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310675
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526398
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Kay
AU  - Iragavarapu, Vichika
AU  - Brewer, Marcus A
AU  - Lord, Dominique
AU  - Hudson, Joan
AU  - Avelar, Raul
AU  - Robertson, James
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Pedestrian Crash Countermeasures and Appropriate Crash Reduction Factors (CRF)
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - In Texas, the average number of pedestrian fatalities for 2007-2011 was about 400 per year. Due to the high number of pedestrian crashes, the Federal Highway Adminstration (FHWA) considers Texas a focus state. To address these concerns, the Texas Department of Transportation desired to learn more about the characteristics of Texas pedestrian crashes, as well as appropriate countermeasures to those crashes.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Fatalities
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Pedestrian-vehicle crashes
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6702-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310002
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526361
AU  - Mukhopadhyay, Anal K
AU  - Liu, Kai-Wei
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - ASR Testing: A New Approach to Aggregate Classification and Mix Design Verification
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - In the past 5.5 years, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) spent approximately $2 million for recasting precast concrete products that had alkali-silica reaction (ASR). Aggregates belonging to false positive and negative categories based on the current test methods are gradually growing. Therefore, the demand for a rapid and reliable test, which can assess aggregate ASR potential at various alkali loadings, is high. This study developed a fast, reliable test method to determine aggregate alkali-silica reactivity based on the time-dependent nature of the onset and speed of reaction.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Alkali aggregate reactions
KW  - Alkali silica reactions
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6656-S.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51909/0-6656-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310000
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526360
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Li, Hongsheng
AU  - Im, Soohyok
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Button, Joe
AU  - Epps, Jon
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Use of Recycled Asphalt Shingles in HMA
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - In the last several years, both reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) have been widely used in paving Texas highways. Compared to RAP, RAS has two features: 1) much higher asphalt binder content, and 2) super stiff asphalt binder. Thus, the use of RAS can not only reduce the cost of asphalt mix paving significantly, but it also conserves energy and protects the environment. However, the super high stiffness of RAS binder causes strong concern on durability (or cracking performance) of asphalt mixes containing RAS. Another concern was the variability of processed RAS due to different RAS sources varying from manufacture waste shingles to a wide variety of tear-off shingles. To address these two major concerns (variability and durability), in 2010, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) initiated this research study at the Texas A&M Transportation Institute with objectives to: (1) Define variability of processed RAS. (2) Develop best practices for RAS processing and stockpile management. (3) Evaluate methods of improving cracking performance of RAS mixes in the laboratory. (4) Construct field test sections to validate laboratory test results.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Durability
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Shingles
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6614-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309999
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526326
AU  - Sebesta, Stephen
AU  - Taylor, Ross
AU  - Lee, Sang Ick
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Rapid Field Detection of Moisture Content for Base and Subgrade
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Properly applying water during compaction of roadway base and subgrade materials is important for achieving adequate compaction. Construction specifications determine the required water content, and field measurement historically takes place with a nuclear density gauge. However, with the regulatory  requirements of using nuclear sources, and continued interest in stiffness or modulus-based compaction acceptance, researchers need to identify techniques to rapidly measure moisture content on base and subgrades without using a nuclear source. Researchers surveyed potential technologies for  such rapid measurement including the Electrical Density Gauge (EDG), the DOT 600, and a moisture analyzer.
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Measurement of specific phenomena
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Nuclear density gages
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6676-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310001
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526289
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - National Household Travel Survey: Compendium of Uses : January 2013 - December 2013
PY  - 2014
SP  - 307p
AB  - This compendium contains various uses and applications of the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data used in transportation planning and research from January 2013 to December 2013. Published journal articles and reports that cite the use of NHTS data were selected using the Transportation Research Board (TRB) Annual Meeting Online Portal http://amonline.trb.org/ and Google Alerts, notification emails sent by Google when new search results matched predetermined search terms pertaining to NHTS data. The key word and search engine terms used in both online sources were the National Household Travel Survey  and NHTS. The research papers were grouped into 11 categories that were created based on the Subject  Areas and index terms identified in each abstract as well as category titles used in previous NHTS compendium databases. A one-page description of each paper is provided which includes the Title, Authors, Abstract, Subject Areas, and Availability.
KW  - National Household Travel Survey
KW  - Research reports
KW  - Travel surveys
UR  - http://nhts.ornl.gov/2009/pub/Compendium_2013.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307343
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522312
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Guide – Recommendations and Case Study
PY  - 2014
SP  - 12p
AB  - A pedestrian hybrid beacon (PHB) is a traffic control device similar to a European pedestrian signal  (PELICAN) that was imported to the United States and adapted by engineers in Arizona to increase motorists’ awareness of pedestrian crossings at uncontrolled marked crosswalk locations. A PHB is distinct from pre-timed traffic signals and constant flash warning beacons because it is only activated by pedestrians when needed. PHBs have been shown to significantly reduce pedestrian crashes. A Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) study published in 2010 found that pedestrian hybrid beacons can  reduce pedestrian crashes by 69 percent and total crashes by 29 percent. Because PHBs remain dark until activated, they can help increase driver attention to pedestrians crossing the roadway, and can reduce rear-end collisions. This document will show how PHBs are being used to reduce pedestrian crashes across  the country, highlight available provisions for implementing PHBs, and describe how PHB installations improved a problematic section of roadway.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Crosswalks
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Pedestrian actuated controllers
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Unsignalized intersections
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/tools_solve/fhwasa14014/fhwasa14014.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51900/51942/fhwasa14014.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1305306
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522297
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Coordinating State and Regional Transportation Safety Planning through the SHSP Process: An RSPCB Peer Exchange
PY  - 2014
SP  - 19p
AB  - Local and regional governments have important roles to play in identifying and addressing safety issues  on roadways within their jurisdictions. Congress recognized this need and passed legislation in 1998  requiring safety consideration in transportation plans at the local, regional, and State levels. Efforts have  since been underway to increase the explicit consideration of safety in these planning processes. More  recently, the focus has shifted to improving the linkage between Strategic Highway Safety Plans (SHSPs) and transportation planning documents, notably Statewide and Metropolitan Long Range Transportation  Plans (LRTPs), which are required to consider strategies and services to improve the safety of the transportation system. In addition to these plans, States, Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) and local agencies typically develop other important transportation planning documents (e.g., corridor, bicycle,  freight, transit plans) that frequently include safety elements. Improving the coordination and linkages of the safety elements and priorities among these planning processes supports a comprehensive and holistic  approach to transportation safety planning. It also provides additional opportunities to implement safety  programs addressing key priorities throughout the State. This report provides a summary of the proceedings of the Peer Exchange held in New Orleans, Louisiana on May 22 and 23, 2013. The Federal Highway  Administration (FHWA) sponsored the Peer Exchange in coordination with Louisiana Department of  Transportation and Development (LA DOTD). The purpose of the Peer Exchange was to explore specific  strategies the peer States could adopt to improve the coordination of regional and statewide safety planning efforts. Representatives from Louisiana, Nevada and Utah participated in the event.
KW  - Long range planning
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Nevada
KW  - Peer exchange
KW  - Regional planning
KW  - States
KW  - Strategic Highway Safety Plan
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Transportation safety
KW  - Utah
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/p2p/la/la.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1305305
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01520476
AU  - Zhou, Fujie
AU  - Hu, Sheng
AU  - Scullion, Tom
AU  - Nazarian, Soheil
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - University of Texas, El Paso
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of a Texas Mechanistic-Empirical Thickness Design System (TxME)
PY  - 2014
SP  - 2p
AB  - The current flexible pavement design system (FPS) used at the Texas Department of Transportation  (TxDOT) has limitations in that it does not use any results from laboratory testing, so it is impossible to  determine benefits from improved base materials or superior asphalt mixes. Developments over the last  several decades have offered an opportunity for more rational and rigorous pavement design procedures.  Substantial work has already been completed in Texas, nationally, and internationally in all aspects of  modeling, materials characterization, and structural design. These and other assets provided the technical  infrastructure that made it possible to develop a new mechanistic-empirical flexible pavement design  system (TxME) specifically for Texas. The main objectives of this project were to identify or propose performance models and implementation approaches, and develop the new TxME.
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Texas
KW  - Thickness
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6622-S.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302792
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519413
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Pilot Project: Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - In 2010, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) selected five pilot teams from across the country to test a climate change vulnerability assessment model. This conceptual model guided transportation agencies through the process of collecting and integrating climate and asset data in order to identify critical vulnerabilities. During this year-long pilot program, the pilot teams formed a community of practice, exchanged ideas, presented draft results, and participated in a series of webinars and peer exchanges. FHWA used the feedback and lessons learned from the pilot projects to revise the draft conceptual model into the Climate Change & Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework. The Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization (OahuMPO) coordinates transportation planning for the island of Oahu. A key priority of the OahuMPO is ensuring the resilience of this remote Hawaiian island’s roads, airports, and harbors to existing and anticipated climate changes. As one of the 2010–11 pilots, OahuMPO facilitated a workshop designed to identify and prioritize transportation assets that may be vulnerable to climate impacts. The study focused on five high-priority sites with existing vulnerability to extreme weather and climate variability.
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Oahu (Hawaii)
KW  - Oahu Metropolitan Planning Organization
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/case_studies/oahu/oahu.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302413
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519411
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Pilot Project: Hampton Roads, Virginia Department of Transportation — VDOT
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - In 2010, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) selected five pilot teams from across the country to test a climate change vulnerability assessment model. This conceptual model guided transportation agencies through the process of collecting and integrating climate and asset data in order to identify critical vulnerabilities. During this year-long pilot program, the pilot teams formed a community of practice, exchanged ideas, presented draft results, and participated in a series of webinars and peer exchanges. FHWA used the feedback and lessons learned from the pilot projects to revise the draft conceptual model into the Climate Change & Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework. Hampton Roads, Virginia, is a low-lying, coastal metropolitan region that serves as the site for multiple military installations, including the largest naval base on the east coast of the United States. This pilot study used an existing decision model to evaluate how the transportation priorities of the region might be influenced by a variety of climate change, economic, regulatory, travel-demand, wear-and-tear, environmental, and technology scenarios. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) led this pilot in  partnership with the University of Virginia, the Hampton Roads Planning District Commission (HRPDC), and Hampton Roads Transportation Planning Organization (HRTPO).
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Hampton Roads (Virginia)
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Virginia Department of Transportation
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/case_studies/hampton_roads/hampton_roads.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302411
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519407
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Pilot Project: North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - In 2010, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) selected five pilot teams from across the country to test a climate change vulnerability assessment model. This conceptual model guided transportation agencies through the process of collecting and integrating climate and asset data in order to identify critical vulnerabilities. During this year-long pilot program, the pilot teams formed a community of practice, exchanged ideas, presented draft results, and participated in a series of webinars and peer exchanges. FHWA used the feedback and lessons learned from the pilot projects to revise the draft conceptual model into the Climate Change & Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework. In recognition that climate change poses a growing threat to transportation infrastructure and operations, the North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA) led the interagency New Jersey (NJ) Partnership to assess the vulnerability of transportation systems. Much of the state’s infrastructure is aging and concentrated near major rivers and the coast. The NJ Partnership wanted to understand how to make more strategic capital investments in light of the changing climate. To accomplish this goal, the project team conducted a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based climate vulnerability assessment on transportation assets in two geographic areas of focus.
KW  - Capital investments
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Geographic information systems
KW  - New Jersey
KW  - North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/case_studies/new_jersey/new_jersey.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302412
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519396
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Pilot Project: Metropolitan Transportation Commission — MTC
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - In 2010, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) selected five pilot teams from across the country to test a climate change vulnerability assessment model. This conceptual model guided transportation agencies through the process of collecting and integrating climate and asset data in order to identify critical vulnerabilities. During this year-long pilot program, the pilot teams formed a community of practice, exchanged ideas, presented draft results, and participated in a series of webinars and peer exchanges. FHWA used the feedback and lessons learned from the pilot projects to revise the draft conceptual model into the Climate Change & Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework. The San Francisco Bay Area is home to approximately 7 million people supported by a dense network of public infrastructure. The region’s history of seismic activity and long coastline make it uniquely exposed to earthquakes and sea level rise. The San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission (BCDC), in partnership with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Coastal Services Center, is leading a project called Adapting to Rising Tides (ART). As part of ART, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) District 4, and BCDC collaborated on the 2010–2011 FHWA pilot to assess climate vulnerability and risk in Alameda County.
KW  - California Department of Transportation
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Earthquakes
KW  - Metropolitan Transportation Commission (California)
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - San Francisco Bay Area
KW  - Sea level
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/case_studies/san_francisco_mtc/san_francisco_mtc.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302414
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519392
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - FHWA Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Pilot Project: Washington State Department of Transportation
PY  - 2014
SP  - 4p
AB  - In 2010, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) selected five pilot teams from across the country to test a climate change vulnerability assessment model. This conceptual model guided transportation agencies through the process of collecting and integrating climate and asset data in order to identify critical vulnerabilities. During this year-long pilot program, the pilot teams formed a community of practice, exchanged ideas, presented draft results, and participated in a series of webinars and peer exchanges. FHWA used the feedback and lessons learned from the pilot projects to revise the draft conceptual model into the Climate Change & Extreme Weather Vulnerability Assessment Framework. The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) believes that understanding future conditions is essential to its mission of keeping people and business moving. In keeping with this spirit, one of the agency’s strategic goals is to “identify WSDOT facilities vulnerable to the effects of climate change and to evaluate and identify possible strategies to reduce risk.” As part of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) pilot program, WSDOT developed a structured, stakeholder-based approach to qualitatively assess facility risk. The project team held 14 workshops in all regions of the state in which WSDOT staff rated all state-owned highways and other transportation assets for climate vulnerability. This focus on a simple, inexpensive, and replicable assessment process is one of the reasons why WSDOT’s approach is an attractive model for other state Departments of Transportation.
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Pilot studies
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Washington State Department of Transportation
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/case_studies/washington_state/washington_state.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302415
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518905
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Transit Administration
TI  - 2013 Status of the Nation’s Highways, Bridges, and Transit: Conditions & Performance. Report to Congress
PY  - 2014
SP  - 482p
AB  - This is the tenth in a series of combined documents prepared by the U.S. Department of Transportation  (DOT) to satisfy requirements for reports to Congress on the condition, performance, and future capital  investment needs of the Nation’s highway and transit systems. This 2013 report to Congress draws primarily on 2010 data, which reflect funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. In assessing recent trends, many of the exhibits presented in this report present statistics for the 10 years  from 2000 to 2010. Other charts and tables cover different time periods depending on data availability and  years of significance for particular data series. The prospective analyses presented in this report generally  cover the 20-year period ending in 2030. This document is intended to provide decision makers with an objective appraisal of the physical conditions, operational performances, and financing mechanisms of highways, bridges, and transit systems based both on the current state of these systems and on their projected future state under a set of alternative future investment scenarios. This report offers a comprehensive, data-driven background context to support the development and evaluation of legislative, program, and budget options at all levels of government. It also serves as a primary source of information for national and international news media, transportation associations, and industry. This report consolidates conditions, performance, and financial data provided by States, local governments, and public transit operators to provide a national-level summary. Some of the underlying data are available through the U.S. DOT’s regular statistical publications. The future investment scenario analyses are developed specifically for this report and provide national-level projections only. Chapter topics include: household travel and highway freight movement; trends in system characteristics; current physical conditions of highways; bridges and transit systems; safety; sustainability and operational performance; revenue sources; capital investment and future performance; and investment scenarios. Special topics include: transportation systems serving Federal and Tribal lands; the Federal Highway Administration's Center for Accelerating Innovation; and the National Fuel Cell Bus Program.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Capital investments
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Financing
KW  - Forecasting
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highways
KW  - National Fuel Cell Bus Program
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Transit safety
KW  - Trend (Statistics)
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/2013cpr/pdfs/cp2013.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55700/55708/cp2013.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300465
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01506239
AU  - Williams, William F
AU  - Bligh, Roger P
AU  - Menges, Wanda L
AU  - Kuhn, Darrell L
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Crash Test and Evaluation of The TxDOT T631 Bridge Rail
PY  - 2014
SP  - 102p
AB  - In August 2010, Midwest Roadside Safety Facility (MwRSF) developed and crash tested a low-cost,  energy-absorbing bridge rail for the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) TL-3 applications. This  low-cost bridge rail was designed to be compatible with the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) such that an  approach transition would not be required between the two barriers. It was desired that the system minimize bridge deck and rail costs. As part of this project, several concepts for an energy-absorbing bridge post were developed and tested. These concepts included strong-post systems designed with plastic hinges and weak-post systems designed to bend near the attachment to the bridge deck. The final post concept incorporated S3 × 5.7 steel sections designed to yield at their bases. These posts were located on 6 ft-3 in. on center. A W-beam section was used as the rail element and was attached to the posts with a bolt designed to break during and impact event. Two full-scale crash tests were performed according to the TL-2 impact conditions provided in MASH. The new bridge rail system successfully met all the safety performance criteria for MASH TL-2. The Texas Type T631 Bridge Rail was developed as a low-cost, energy absorbing bridge rail system for TL-2 applications. Many of the features used for the system tested at Midwest Roadside Safety Facility for TL-3 were incorporated into the design developed for this project for MASH TL-2 application. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Type T631 Bridge Rail designed and developed for this project was evaluated under MASH TL-2.
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Bridge railings
KW  - Design
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Midwest Guardrail System
KW  - Posts
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/9-1002-12-10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1287628
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505837
AU  - Balke, Kevin
AU  - Chaudhary, Nadeem
AU  - Brydia, Bob
AU  - Songchitruksa, Praprut
AU  - Pesti, Geza
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Warrants and Sunset Requirements for ITS Equipment Installations on Texas Highways
PY  - 2014///Project Summary
SP  - 2p
AB  - Intelligent transportation system (ITS) devices are one tool in the Texas Department of Transportation’s (TxDOT’s) toolbox for improving safety and operations on the state’s highways. TxDOT routinely installs ITS devices, such as closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras, vehicle detection systems, and dynamic message signs (DMSs), to better manage operations, improve safety, and reduce the effects of incidents on Texas highways. This project developed guidelines, criteria, and procedures for installing, repairing, and/or removing ITS field devices and systems. The research team also developed a framework that applies the risk management principles for conducting a risk-based analysis for prioritizing TxDOT’s ITS assets.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Equipment maintenance
KW  - Equipment replacement
KW  - Installation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Warrants (Traffic control devices)
UR  - http://d2dtl5nnlpfr0r.cloudfront.net/tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6773-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286468
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01535756
JO  - PATH Research Report
PB  - University of California, Berkeley
AU  - Lu, Xiao-Yun
AU  - Su, Dongyan
AU  - Spring, John
AU  - University of California, Berkeley
AU  - California Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Coordination of Freeway Ramp Meters and Arterial Traffic Signals Field Operational Test (FOT)
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 129p
AB  - The objective of this project was to develop a practical coordination strategy between one freeway ramp meter and one arterial intersection traffic signal and conduct a field operational test. The project team successfully accomplished all proposed tasks. The project started with a literature review, development of a Concept of Operations (ConOps) document, site selection criteria based on several factors, and systematic data collection. The collected data was then used to calibrate a microscopic traffic system modeling using Aimsun, which is used to simulate the field operation test results prior to deployment. After achieving positive results in the simulation modeling, the coordination algorithm were then deployed in the field. The ramp meter 2070 controller running URMS (Universal Ramp Metering System) and the signal 2070 controller were linked and then coordinated. Traffic data before and after the deployment was collected and analyzed. The test data analysis showed a net delay reduction at Taylor Street Intersection by 7%. The analysis also showed a better use of the entrance ramp storage with higher flow to the entrance ramp while avoiding queue overspill. In addition, the analysis found that the freeway mainline traffic conditions immediately upstream of the entrance ramp remained unchanged by such coordination. Due to the success of the coordination between one intersection and one ramp meter, it may be worthwhile to coordinate a freeway corridor comprised of multiple ramps and arterial signals.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Arterial highways
KW  - Before and after studies
KW  - California
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - On ramps
KW  - Ramp metering
KW  - Traffic delays
KW  - Traffic signal control systems
KW  - Traffic simulation
UR  - http://www.dot.ca.gov/newtech/researchreports/reports/2013/final_report_task_2223.pdf
UR  - https://merritt.cdlib.org/d/ark%3A%2F13030%2Fm5qv51q7/1/producer%2F883449047.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1318103
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530970
AU  - Freyne, Seamus F
AU  - Watkins, Mitchell L
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Acceptable Vibrations on Green Concrete
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 31p
AB  - Vibrations are potentially harmful to green concrete in shaft foundations, and many states, including  Mississippi, cautiously established limits in terms of compressive strength, distance boundary, and wait time to protect early age concrete. But these limits could be overly conservative with respect to experimental evidence, and perhaps unnecessarily impede construction schedules and add cost to  projects. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of early age vibrations on concrete  performance. Concrete cylinders were exposed to several combinations of vibration magnitudes and durations that were representative of shaft construction, and at ages coincident with the sensitive period between initial and final set. The vibrations had no consistent effect on compressive strength and electrical resistivity. There was also no discernable difference between limestone and river gravel coarse aggregates.
KW  - Coarse aggregates
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Electrical resistivity
KW  - Fresh concrete
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Setting (Concrete)
KW  - Vibration
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52176/SS_252_Final_Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316325
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530897
AU  - Cooley, L Allen
AU  - Williams, Kevin
AU  - Burns Cooley Dennis, Incorporated
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Laboratory Mix Design Procedures for RAP Mixes
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 31p
AB  - The objective of this study was to evaluate the amount of blending that occurs between recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and virgin asphalt binders in plant produced hot mix asphalt (HMA) in which RAP is incorporated. This objective was accomplished by testing plant produced mixtures from three different on-going HMA projects. Two of the three projects incorporated 15 percent RAP while the third project incorporated 30 percent. Samples were brought back to the laboratory and subjected to a staged extraction/recovery process. Asphalt binder recovered from each stage was subjected to Dynamic Shear Rheometer testing in order to determine the high failure temperature using a criterion of 2.20 kPa. Based upon the research approach, it was concluded that the majority of asphalt binder was extracted and recovered from the first stage of washing. The amount of asphalt binder extracted/recovered from successive washes decreased, except for the last stage. For mixes containing 15 percent RAP, the asphalt binder was not significantly affected by the RAP though there was a slight increase in failure temperature through the staged washes, except for the last stage. The majority of the asphalt binder from the 30 percent RAP mixture was removed during the first stage of washing. The stiffness of the asphalt binder after Wash 1 was higher for this 30 percent RAP mix than for the 15 percent RAP mix; however, the increase in stiffness was not large. The increase in stiffness for successive washes was higher for the 30 percent RAP mix than for the 15 percent RAP mixes. Based upon these findings, it was concluded that partial blending takes place between RAP and virgin asphalt binders when RAP is incorporated into plant produced HMA.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Bituminous binders
KW  - Blending
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Stiffness
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20246%20Development%20of%20Laboratory%20Mix%20Design%20Procedures%20for%20RAP%20Mixes.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52178/SS246_Final_Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316323
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01530889
AU  - Cooley, L Allen
AU  - Williams, Kevin
AU  - Burns Cooley Dennis, Incorporated
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Aggregate Absorption in HMA Mixtures
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 59p
AB  - Designing hot mix asphalt (HMA) that will perform for many years is a complex balancing act of selecting an appropriate design asphalt binder content that is sufficiently high to provide durability but not so high as to lead to rutting problems. One of the factors that has to be considered during the design of HMA is the absorption of asphalt by aggregates. Most all aggregates used in the production of HMA have some absorptive characteristics. The objective of this project was to evaluate asphalt absorption through the production and construction process. In order to accomplish this objective, six on-going HMA construction projects were visited and HMA sampled. The HMA was sampled from four locations through the production and construction process, including: the slat conveyor prior to the mix being placed in the silo, trucks prior to transportation, the paver, and the compacted HMA layer (cores). Laboratory testing was conducted on these samples to evaluate the amount of asphalt that was absorbed by the aggregates throughout the production and construction process. Based upon the results of testing, it was concluded that asphalt absorption continues from the production process through the construction process. Samples obtained from the slat conveyor and the truck had similar average asphalt absorption values, while the paver and core samples also had similar average asphalt absorption values. However, the asphalt absorption at the paver and core locations were significantly higher than the other two. This suggested that most of the absorption took place during mix transportation to the job site. It was attempted to compare the amount of asphalt absorption that took place during mix design (based upon the job mix formula) to the amount of asphalt absorption that took place during the production and construction process; however, this attempt was not successful. Generally, the amount of asphalt absorption in the field was much higher than that shown on the job mix formulas.
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Processing (Materials)
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20245%20Aggregate%20Absorption%20in%20HMA%20Mixtures.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52100/52177/SS245_Final_Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1316324
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529282
AU  - Howard, Isaac L
AU  - Alvarado, Alejandro
AU  - Floyd, Webster C
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Oriented Guidance for Mississippi Chip Seals-Volume II
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - A laboratory and field study was conducted related to long term chip seal performance. This report’s primary objective was to initiate development of a long term performance (LTP) test protocol for chip seals focused on aggregate retention. Key components of the study were to: 1) develop laboratory equipment and protocols to place a chip seal onto asphalt concrete; 2) develop laboratory equipment and protocols to evaluate chip seal aggregate loss placed onto asphalt concrete; 3) monitor chip sealed pavements from construction through two years of service life while collecting cores to be tested for aggregate loss in the laboratory; 4) compare laboratory produced chip seals to cores taken from in service pavements when using the same aggregates and emulsion. The study evaluated two pavements: Highway (Hwy) 366 near Baldwyn, Mississippi (Size 89 aggregates), and Hwy 44 near Hattiesburg, MS (Size 7 aggregates).  The primary objective was met, though the effort stopped short of long term performance prediction of in service chip seals. The primary conclusion from this report was that fabricating chip seals in the laboratory that represent those placed in the field was feasible to some extent. Chip seals fabricated using the equipment developed in this research with Size 7 aggregates and corresponding embedment/conditioning protocols did represent field applied chip seals taken from Hwy 44 6 days after construction. Chip seals fabricated using the equipment developed in this research with Size 89 aggregates and corresponding embedment/conditioning protocols did not represent field applied chip seals taken from Hwy 366 10 days after construction.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Asphalt concrete pavements
KW  - Asphalt emulsions
KW  - Chip seals
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Testing equipment
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20211%20-%20Performance%20Oriented%20Guidance%20for%20Mississippi%20Chip%20Seals-Volume%20II.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313207
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526420
AU  - Howard, Isaac L
AU  - Sullivan, W Griffin
AU  - Anderson, Brennan K
AU  - Shannon, Jay
AU  - Cost, Tim
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Design and Construction Control Guidance for Chemically Stabilized Pavement Base Layers
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 182p
AB  - A laboratory and field study was conducted related to chemically stabilized pavement layers, which is also  referred to as soil-cement. Soil-cement practices within Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) related to Class 9C soils used for base layers were evaluated in this report. The overall objective was to provide draft design and quality control guidance that could be incorporated and/or specified to improve performance of soil-cement base layers. A total of 2,101 tests were performed to evaluate a variety of parameters. Testing included strength versus time, strength variability, compaction, elastic modulus, wheel tracking, and thermal profile measurement. One key component of the research was development of economical thermal profile equipment to evaluate compacted soil-cement during the first few hours of hydration. The primary intention of this equipment is a quality control tool. Another key component of the research was development of equipment that allowed soil-cement to be compacted inside a plastic mold that could be used for laboratory mix design, specimen preparation for pavement layer thickness design, and for quality control. Results indicated the plastic mold compaction approach has many advantages and should be implemented into design and quality control operations. At the present time, widespread use of thermal profiles for quality control is not recommended. Additional study, however, could result in effective implementation of thermal profiles into soil-cement construction projects on a more frequent basis.
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Compaction
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Quality control
KW  - Soil cement pavements
KW  - Soil cement tests
KW  - Temperature measurement
KW  - Testing equipment
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20206%20-%20Design%20and%20Construction%20Control%20Guidance%20for%20Chemically%20Stabilized%20Pavement%20Base%20Layers.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308713
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526279
AU  - Chowdhury, Mashrur
AU  - Putman, Bradley
AU  - Pang, Weichiang
AU  - Dunning, Anne
AU  - Dey, Kakan
AU  - Chen, Linbo
AU  - Clemson University
AU  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Rate of Deterioration of Bridges and Pavements as Affected by Trucks
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 353p
AB  - The largest loads on public road systems disproportionately inflict the greatest damage to highway  infrastructure. Simultaneously facing both increasing demand for overweight loads and deteriorating  pavement and bridges, the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) commissioned this study to investigate the impact of heavy vehicle traffic on pavements and bridges in South Carolina and to develop policy recommendations based on technical analysis and the modern institutional environment in South Carolina. To conduct this study, Clemson University estimated pavement and bridge deterioration, investigated the adequacy of standard practices in state agencies for dealing with this deterioration, and characterized how stakeholders in South Carolina’s trucking industry perceive those practices. The pavement models revealed that overweight trucks reduce pavement service life significantly beyond design standards. Results from the bridge model indicated that bridge damage increased exponentially with an increase in truck weight. Recovering damage for South Carolina’s highways will require a flat fee of $65 per trip, but traditional flat fees for overweight loads fail to charge fairly according to the differing level of damage from distributions of vehicle weights, axle configurations, and trip length. Several alternative fee structures are presented, such as an axle-based system in which permits will cost between $24 and $175 per trip according to load, vehicle configuration, and trip distance. Stakeholder interviews indicated differing opinions on the objectives of user fees for permitting overweight loads; however, many stakeholders indicated a need to address illegal loads and establish consistent fee structures across the Southeastern mega-region. SCDOT and trucking industry representatives should work together in an ongoing focus group to develop common understanding of issues, consensus around objectives, and provisions for fairness that will address industry concerns.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Fees
KW  - Overweight loads
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Permits
KW  - Policy
KW  - South Carolina
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://www.scdot.scltap.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/FINAL_REPORT_SPR-694.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308651
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516609
AU  - Briscoe, Kyle R
AU  - Varco, Jac J
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Fertility Practices during Roadside Establishment in Mississippi to Minimize Nonpoint Source Pollutants
PY  - 2013/12/31/Final Report
SP  - 124p
AB  - Runoff during the revegetation of roadsides can transport sediment and nutrients offsite, leading to surface water quality reductions. Two field experiments were conducted near Starkville, Mississippi in 2011 and 2012 to evaluate the influence of various nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) sources and rates, fertilization timing, and mulch type on vegetative establishment and nutrient and sediment runoff losses. Stainless steel runoff frames (0.75 x 2.0 m) were installed in a randomized complete block with eight treatments and four replications during both experiments. A bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Shreb), sericea lespedeza [Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don], and common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] mixture was seeded within each frame during Experiment I. Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) was added for Experiment II. Fertilization of Experiment I consisted of 73.5 or 147 kg N ha-1 as 13-13-13, poultry litter, ammonium nitrate, stabilized urea, polymer coated urea, or diammonium phosphate. Experiment II mulching materials consisted of wheat straw and seven hydromulches; paper fiber, wood fiber, wood/paper fiber blend, flexible growth medium (FGM), extended term-FGM (ET-FGM), bonded fiber matrix (BFM). Runoff from natural and simulated rainfall was analyzed for PO43--P, total P (TP), NH4+-N, NO3- -N, total N (TN), and total solids (TS). Weekly percent vegetative coverage ratings were collected during both experiments. Experiment I results suggest fertilization program did not have an influence on vegetative establishment or TS runoff losses. Generally, the greatest N and P runoff losses occurred during the first runoff event following fertilization. Splitting 147 kg N ha-1 into two separate applications increased N and P losses. Application of organic plus inorganic P increased orthophosphate in runoff compared to inorganic P alone. Experiment II results indicate straw was the most effective mulch for increasing vegetative establishment and limiting solids and nutrients in runoff. However, lack of fertilizer prill dissolution may have influenced N and P runoff losses during dry conditions. FGM, ET-FGM, and BFM were more effective than paper, wood, and paper/wood fiber in reducing solids and nutrients in runoff. These experiments will provide vegetation coordinators with beneficial information regarding fertilization and mulching practices with the least environmental impact.
KW  - Fertilization (Horticulture)
KW  - Fertilizers
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Mulches
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - Phosphorus
KW  - Revegetation
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Starkville (Mississippi)
KW  - Vegetation
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20240%20-%20Evaluation%20of%20Fertility%20Practices%20during%20Roadside%20Establishment%20in%20MS%20to%20Minimize%20Nonpoint%20Source%20Pollutants.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300243
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01579230
AU  - Valdes, Didier
AU  - Perdomo, José L
AU  - University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez
AU  - University Transportation Research Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Using Mobile Computers to Automate the Inspection Process for Highway Construction Projects
PY  - 2013/12/30
SP  - 22p
AB  - Highway construction projects are characterized by the large amount of data that needs to be collected, processed, and exchanged among the different project participants. Collection of construction inspection data, in particular, allows field personnel to monitor project performance with the ultimate goal of improving productivity and lowering costs. The accomplishment of these two goals could lead to better construction project management and performance that could in turn reduce the time required for project delivery. Current practices for recording and filing field inspection data are mainly paper-based. The manual process using paper forms is a time consuming and tedious task. Not only is the clerical expense of this process very high, but also the organization and review of the information commands an inordinate amount of time by a project manager, of which most managers posses very little. Continuous evolvement and improvements of mobile computing such as iPADs and Android Tablets, software technologies including more powerful processors, smaller storage devices, higher quality displays, and wide availability of third party application software, have made it possible for these devices to become stand alone systems with powerful functional capabilities. Because of their high mobility characteristics due to their small size and lightweight, these mobile devices can be used in the highway construction field to perform various tasks including recording of inspection data. The use of such mobile devices in construction processes seems to be the next logical step. This report communicates the research findings of the development of a mobile computing application for automating the collection process of field inspection data using iPADs or Android Tablets. The use of this application results in a more efficient data collection process, and faster transfer of information between the parties in a highway construction project, therefore improving the current communication process. After the application was developed, the research team tested it in several highway construction projects, and positive feedback was received from the users of the application.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Inspection
KW  - iPad (Computer)
KW  - Mobile applications
KW  - Mobile computing
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Road construction
UR  - http://www.utrc2.org/sites/default/files/pubs/Automate-Inspection-Highway-Construction-Projects.pdf?utm_source=10-13-15+Final+Reports&utm_campaign=07-06-14+PR-Final+Reports&utm_medium=email
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56000/56059/Automate-Inspection-Highway-Construction-Projects.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371707
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522352
AU  - White, Thomas D
AU  - Hillabrand, James L
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Open Graded Friction Courses for HMA Pavements
PY  - 2013/12/30/Final Report
SP  - 90p
AB  - A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate Open Graded Friction Course (OGFC) mixtures meeting current Mississippi specifications. In addition, materials included a second 12.5 mm gradation and an asphalt rubber binder. The additional 12.5mm gradation was selected to evaluate application of the asphalt rubber binder. Specifically, the asphalt rubber OGFC was included for its potential of noise reduction. Factors in the study included gravel and gravel/limestone aggregate combinations, three gradations, and two asphalt binders, PG 76-22 and Ground Tire rubber (GTR) PG 76-22. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of design mixtures relative to aggregate type, gradation, and binder type. Tests included two permeability tests, MT-84 and White falling head test; Stripping, MT-63; sound absorption, ASTM E1050; dynamic modulus, AASHTO TP 62; and interface bond strength, direct shear.
KW  - Aggregate gradation
KW  - Asphalt rubber
KW  - Friction course
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Open graded aggregates
KW  - Tire/pavement noise
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/Open%20Graded%20Friction%20Courses%20for%20HMA%20Pavements.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1304843
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516614
AU  - Uddin, Waheed
AU  - University of Mississippi, University
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Synthesis Study of Noncontact Nondestructive Evaluation of Top-down Cracking in Asphalt Pavements
PY  - 2013/12/24/Final Report
SP  - 84p
AB  - The primary objective of this research study was to conduct an extensive literature review on top-down  cracking evaluation studies, prepare a synthesis of findings, and recommend a follow up phase for a  pilot study in Mississippi with a candidate technology. The top-down cracking appearing mostly in  longitudinal wheel paths on asphalt highway pavements, was first reported in the 1970s in tropical  countries, later reported in the 1980s in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France and South Africa, followed by field investigations in the late 1990s and 2000s in the United States, several European countries, and Japan. Since then the top-down cracking distress has been identified as the most important distress observed on asphalt highways in many states including Florida, Indiana, Michigan, Washington,  Illinois, and Mississippi. Proper and timely maintenance of top-down cracking is critically important for  thick asphalt pavements. Therefore, a procedure is needed to expedite field survey of top-down cracking  without depending on cores. An existing viable nondestructive and noncontact technology operating at  highway speed was not found in this study. Therefore, a problem statement for research need is  prepared for a national study through the National Highway Cooperative Research Program (NCHRP).
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Pavement cracking
KW  - Problem identification
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20255%20-%20A%20Synthesis%20Study%20of%20Noncontact%20Nondestructive%20Evaluation%20of%20Top-down%20Cracking%20in%20Asphalt%20Pavements.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300317
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577845
TI  - Deploying of Sustainable Practices using INVEST

AB  - Continued support for the INVEST Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA's) sustainability self-assessment tool to evaluate and improve sustainability practice.

KW  - Best practices
KW  - Capital investments
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Investments
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371016
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577818
TI  - ID-86: NDE Technology

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370858
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577979
TI  - CM 6-EM 3D Digital Engineering Models For Highway Project Delivery



AB  - No summary provided.

KW  - Digital displays
KW  - Highway engineering
KW  - Highway planning
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Three dimensional displays
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371322
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01529341
AU  - Howard, Isaac L
AU  - Jordan, Walter S
AU  - Barham, Jason M
AU  - Alvarado, Alejandro
AU  - Cox, Ben C
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Oriented Guidance for Mississippi Chip Seals-Volume I
PY  - 2013/12/17/Final Report
SP  - 191p
AB  - A five year laboratory study was conducted to investigate near surface properties of flexible pavements in relation to how they are affected by bituminous surface treatments. Chip seals and scrub seals (a specialized type of chip seal) were the focus of the study. Seven emulsions, three aggregates, and four asphalt pavement types were tested. The overall objective was to provide Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) with performance oriented guidance for chip seals. This overall objective was divided into aggregate retention and rejuvenation of the existing pavement’s near surface. Repeated creep of  mixture bars, viscosity change of recovered binder, and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) mixture beam responses were used to assess rejuvenation effects of chip seals on a pavement’s near surface. Vialit adhesion, frosted marble, and sweep testing were used to assess aggregate retention behavior. Within the six test methods studied, some were used without modification, while others were modified during this research. Over 2,000 experiments were performed for this report. Key rejuvenation testing included: 24 repeated creep torsion bars, 168 viscosity change measurements, and 959 BBR mixture beams. Key aggregate retention testing included: 231 Vialit trays, 221 frosted marble trays, and 533 sweep pads. Key performance oriented recommendations included: requiring a minimum m-value increase of a BBR mixture beam due to emulsion application when rejuvenation is of high importance, monitoring moisture loss of a chip seal system for traffic opening determination, and specifying chip seal systems (i.e. aggregate and emulsion) as opposed to independently approving chip seal materials.
KW  - Bituminous pavements
KW  - Chip seals
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Surface treating
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20211%20-%20Performance%20Oriented%20Guidance%20for%20Mississippi%20Chip%20Seals-Volume%20I.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1313206
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547405
TI  - Bridge Superstructure Tolerance to Total and Differential Foundation Movements
AB  - Using loadings provided by the bridge designer, geotechnical engineers estimate foundation movements and report their findings to the bridge designer. The bridge designer will then design the structure to accommodate the anticipated total and differential movements to satisfy post-construction bridge performance requirements and to mitigate future maintenance issues. However, the current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) load and resistance factor design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications do not provide clear criteria for movement limitations. The Specifications indicate that "the tolerable movement criteria shall be established by either empirical procedures or structural analyses or by consideration of both". The bridge designer needs clear criteria and guidance to ensure more efficient bridge designs while protecting the short- and long-term integrity of structures. The objectives of this research are to (1) develop procedures to determine the acceptable levels of bridge foundation movements based upon superstructure tolerance to total and differential movements considering service and strength limit states, and (2) propose revisions to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. Foundation movement limits shall include vertical, horizontal, and rotational movements. Geotechnical assessment of foundation total and differential movements is not required. Proposers are asked to develop a detailed research plan for accomplishing the project objectives. Proposers are expected to describe research plans that can realistically be accomplished within the constraints of available funds and contract time. Proposals must present the proposers' current thinking in sufficient detail to demonstrate their understanding of the issues and the soundness of their approach to meeting the research objectives. The work proposed for each phase must be divided into tasks and proposers must describe the work proposed in each task in detail.  PHASE I--Literature Review, Proposed Procedures, and Updated Work Plan - Deliverables in this phase shall include the following: (1.) A critical review of existing specifications, technical literature, bridge owner experiences, and ongoing and historical research related to structural distress and criteria established by transportation agencies, both domestic and international, for tolerable movements. The various methods available to predict short-and long-term movements are not relevant to this project; rather, the review should focus on the impact of these movements on the strength and service limit states of the bridge. The review should cover research findings from both foreign and domestic sources. (2.) Proposed procedures, to be developed in Phase II, to analyze and determine the acceptable levels of bridge foundation movements based upon structure tolerance to total and differential movements considering service and strength limit states. Foundation movement shall include vertical, horizontal, and rotational movements. The procedures should include a detailed modeling matrix. The matrix should represent movement criteria, bridge system model parameters (e.g., simple and continuous spans, span lengths, common types of deck superstructure, skew and curvature effects, material properties, and short- and long-term settlement, loading scenarios, and flexibility of the foundations) based on commonly used bridge types and geometries in the US, and methods of analysis (e.g., 2D, 3D, linear, and nonlinear). (3.) A detailed outline identifying the proposed areas of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications that will require modification or addition based on the results of this research. (4.) Interim Report No. 1 that documents deliverables 1 through 3 of Phase I and provides an updated work plan for the remainder of the project no later than 4 months after contract award. The updated plan must describe the process and rationale for the work proposed for Phases II through IV. PHASE II--Procedures Development and Evaluation - Based on the approved work plan, develop the proposed procedures. Prepare Interim Report No. 2 that documents the procedures development with the supporting parametric studies and also includes an updated work plan on Phases III and IV no later than 18 months after Phase I approval. PHASE III--Specification Revision Recommendations - Develop recommendations and propose ballot items for revising existing AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and explain the effects of the proposed revised specifications on bridge performance. PHASE IV--Final Deliverables - Prepare and submit project deliverables--including a final report that documents the entire research effort and other items identified in the research plan. The proposed revisions to specifications and commentary shall be provided in AASHTO format.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Earth movements (Geophysics)
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Loads
KW  - Specifications
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3574
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334669
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547349
TI  - Transportation Asset Management Knowledge Portal
AB  - In the last several years, a wealth of information on asset management has been developed as the results of research studies, peer exchanges, conferences, webinars, and other efforts to advance the use of asset management in State Departments of Transportation (DOTs). Much of the information is available for practitioners to use, but it is spread out in a number of different locations making it difficult and time-consuming to find. For instance, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)/Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) web conference series that was conducted over the past several years are available through AASHTO, the presentations for the most recent asset management conference are available through the Transportation Research Board (TRB), and examples of Transportation Asset Management Plans are available from the FHWA's asset management websites. In addition, several states have established asset management websites where they have posted information such as organizational charts and asset management policies. As a result, practitioners spend an inordinate amount of time searching for information to assist them in the implementation of asset management. What is needed is a knowledge portal that serves as an interface for asset management practitioners to facilitate access to useful information in a simple, expedited manner.  The FHWA's Transportation Asset Management Expert Task Group (TAM ETG) designed a proposed structure for the knowledge portal. The structure outlines the type of information to be included in the knowledge portal and outlines a structure for organizing the information so it is easy for practitioners to search on and retrieve information. The interactive knowledge portal should be developed to provide practitioners with the opportunity to search on a particular topic and access relevant documents and/or web links to information that has been garnered from multiple sources. Similar to Wikipedia, the site will serve as a collection of linked web pages that allows users to edit and contribute content on the web.  Through the use of a gatekeeper the format will allow for browsing, searching and printing content from a central location. Transportation agencies are facing increasing pressure to make performance-based asset management decisions that consider risk and long-term financial consequences. AASHTO is supporting the use of performance-based decisions, as evidenced by the recent publication and promotion of the Transportation Asset Management Guide - A Focus on Implementation. The passage of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) adds additional urgency to the matter since States are now required to develop an Asset Management Plan that documents how they intend to efficiently manage the condition of their assets and the performance of the system. As a result, there is tremendous interest among state highway agencies to advance their asset management implementation efforts. At the same time, access to information is changing. In the past, agencies relied on printed reports as a way to provide information; however, today most practitioners rely on the internet as a primary source of information. However, searching the internet can be time consuming and each of the end users must initiate the search process to find what they are looking for. Having a central location that organizes and serves as the primary source for asset management information will simplify the search process for practitioners and help ensure that useful information is readily available to all interested parties as they strive to meet their MAP-21 obligations. The objective of this research is to collect and organize the body of knowledge related to asset management into a web-based portal that can be used by individuals, agencies and states to improve the practice of asset management. This effort will also keep the site updated with new information for the duration of the contract.  The portal will ultimately be hosted by AASHTO.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Web applications
KW  - Websites (Information retrieval)
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3684
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334522
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01529973
TI  - Developing an Effective Shoulder and Centerline Rumble Strip Policy to Accommodate All Roadway Users
AB  - This project is to develop recommendations, guidelines and policies for the implementation of rumble strips/stripes that ensure that there is a significant reduction of negative impact to all roadway users.
KW  - Center lines
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Policy analysis
KW  - Road shoulders
KW  - Rumble strips
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/56000/56200/56259/RS04214_1502F.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1314279
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547297
TI  - Consequences of Delayed Maintenance of Highway Assets
AB  - Various maintenance treatments are employed by highway agencies to slow deterioration and restore condition of highway pavements, bridges, and other physical assets. However, budget constraints and other factors have often led to delaying or eliminating the application of these treatments. Such actions are expected to adversely influence the condition and performance and lead to a reduced level of service, to early deterioration, and eventually to the need for costly rehabilitation or replacement. Analytical tools are currently available to quantify the consequences of delayed application of maintenance treatments for highway pavements, bridges, and other assets. However, processes for using these tools to demonstrate the potential savings and performance enhancements resulting from applying maintenance treatments at the right time are not readily available. Research is needed to develop such processes. This information will help highway agencies better assess the economic benefits of maintenance actions and their role in enhancing the level of service of the highway system. In addition, incorporating these processes in asset management systems would provide a means for optimizing the allocation of resources. Recent work completed under National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 14-20 provided further review of some of the issues related to quantifying the consequences of delayed application of maintenance treatments and identified processes applicable to pavements and bridges. However, additional research is needed to address these and other issues associated with delayed maintenance treatments, particularly for assets other than bridges and pavements, and to develop processes for quantifying the consequences of such delays and help assess the economic benefits of maintenance actions. The objective of this research is to develop processes for quantifying the consequences of delayed application of maintenance treatments on highway pavements, bridges, and other physical assets. Consequences shall be expressed in terms of performance indicators (e.g., distress and level of service), costs to owners and road users, and other relevant factors. Delayed maintenance applications may be defined by (1) the inability to meet the agency-defined application schedule or (2) the available budget relative to an unconstrained budget (i.e., availability of the funds required to perform all needed maintenance).
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Economic benefits
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Level of service
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Resource allocation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3533
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334413
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01549573
TI  - Research Program Design---Administration of Highway and Transportation Agencies. Role and Value of Transportation for U.S. Industries and Sectors
AB  - That an effective transportation system has contributed importantly to the nation's economy and well-being seems obvious. Investments made in past decades have given us an extensive network infrastructure of roads, airports, navigable waterways, and ports. Additional investment and operating expenditures by private- and public-sector entities use this infrastructure to provide unprecedented mobility for goods and people within our metropolitan and rural areas, across the nation, and worldwide. Technological innovations in both hardware and software have dramatically boosted the system's capacity and productivity. However, the system's importance lies in how it is used. Thousands of Americans are employed in production and distribution businesses that rely on our infrastructure. Millions work at jobs that depend on our ability to move people and goods quickly and at low cost between many points. Hundreds of millions enjoy the benefits of access to employment and entertainment and year-round availability of a huge array of products and services. While the benefits of the system are substantial, efforts to measure precisely the degree to which our economic and social well-being are attributable to this complex system, any of its many parts, or the activities of its many users have been challenging at best. A substantial literature on the subject exists, but many observers judge that the data and analytical methods used have persistently undervalued the system's importance. Many others find the analyses too arcane to comprehend. Past studies have for the most part failed to provide clear and convincing guidance for public policymakers, business leaders, and the public at large. The consequent lack of understanding and awareness of the broad impact of transportation system performance--on businesses, households, regions, and the nation--has hampered the ability to forge a national political consensus on how to invest in transportation. Nevertheless, growing population, economic activity, and trade; changing technology and patterns of production and distribution; and evolving public policy require that such investment must continue if we are to ensure that the system can meet our demands for efficient, safe, affordable, and environmentally benign services.  Research is needed to explore and apply novel approaches to measuring and presenting the role and value of transportation and the consequences of future levels of investment in the system. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 20-24(89) is intended to provide compelling research results to support effective decision making and inform public policy.  The research being undertaken to present--in ways that are both readily understandable to a broad audience and defensible within the professional community--the role and value of transportation to the U.S. economy, by developing case studies of transportation's part in representative industries or economic sectors.  These studies will rely on available data and accepted analysis methods to produce meaningful information and present that information in ways that will resonate with stakeholders in the nation's transportation system.
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Investments
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Policy making
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Transportation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3608
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1339727
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01573314
TI  - Evaluation of Lateral Pile Resistance Near MSE Walls at a Dedicated Wall Site
AB  - The objectives for this study include the following, all aimed at improving the understanding of pile-mechanically stablized earth (MSE) wall interaction: (1) Measure reduced lateral pile resistance vs. displacement curves for circular, square, and H piles behind a mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) wall with steel strips and grid reinforcement. (2) Measure the increase and distribution of tensile force in the MSE reinforcement induced by lateral pile loading. (3) Measure effect of special pile head geometry (e.g. corrugated pipe sleeves, double plastic sheeting) on lateral pile resistance. (4) Develop design rules (e.g. p-multipliers) to account for reduced pile resistance as a function of spacing and reinforcement. (5) Develop equation to predict reinforcement force induced by pile loading. (6) Develop design equations to account for pile shape and pile head geometry.
KW  - Design
KW  - Earth walls
KW  - Lateral loads
KW  - Piles (Supports)
KW  - Resistance (Mechanics)
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/505
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1366538
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611986
AU  - Vogel, Jason R
AU  - Storm, Daniel E
AU  - Barfield, Billy J
AU  - Harp, Sam
AU  - Bhadbhade, Neha
AU  - Mittelstet, Aaron
AU  - McLemore, Alex
AU  - Rogers, Brad
AU  - Neupane, Sagar
AU  - Garbrecht, Karl
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Investigation and Demonstration of Turbidity Reduction in Stormwater Runoff for Oklahoma Highway Construction Sites
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 525p
AB  - The Environmental protection Agency (USEPA) has issued new requirements on the construction industry to control the discharge of pollutants from the sites. The construction effluent guidelines or ELG’s require construction sites to reduce the pollutant discharge to ‘maximum extent practicable’ and comply with the Clean Water Act. Sediment is the primary pollutant in a construction site effluent runoff. It is mainly composed of large amounts of fine silt, clay and colloidal particles. These particles have low settling velocities and remain in suspension for long durations and therefore cannot be trapped effectively in conventional best management practices (BMPs) like detention ponds, grass lined channels, sedimentation basins that rely on gravity for settling. The trapping efficiencies of the particles can be enhanced by flocculation, where addition of the flocculant to the sediment discharge would bind multiple particles together, increasing them in size and increasing the settling velocity. Construction sites often experience space restrictions and therefore a modular sediment trapping system based on flocculation would require much less space compared to a settling pond especially in those regions which have high clay content in their soil, which is commonly found in state of Oklahoma. The following report presents the improved design for the passive flocculent and mixing devices. The report also includes all the experimental data collected with the flume experiments performed on the five soils from the state of Oklahoma namely Port A and Port B, Kamie B, Stephenville B and Norge B soils. The values of the flocculation constants associated with each soil are presented. Additionally, field tests on a field with Port soils are presented.
KW  - Construction sites
KW  - Effluents
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Flocculating agents
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Suspended sediments
KW  - Turbidity
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423509
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611974
AU  - Wang, Kelvin C P
AU  - Cross, Stephen A
AU  - Li, Joshua Q
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Distress Modeling for DARWin-ME
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 127p
AB  - Distress prediction models, or transfer functions, are key components of the Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (M-E) Design and relevant analysis. The accuracy of such models depends on a successful process of calibration and subsequent validation of model coefficients in the transfer functions with independent data sets. In this project, data needs for distress models in Pavement ME Design are investigated for the state of Oklahoma. Based on past research work at Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT), various Pavement ME Design inputs, historical cracking, rutting, and roughness data are gathered for selected ODOT segments and Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) sites. Pavement ME Design test runs are performed, and precision and bias levels of rutting, cracking, and roughness data sets in the historical ODOT databases are studied. Finally a workflow for Pavement ME Design prediction model calibration in Oklahoma is established to assist ODOT in implementing Pavement ME in the next decade in a production environment.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Cracking
KW  - DARWin-ME (Computer program)
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Program
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Roughness
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Validation
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423508
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01605763
AU  - Chen, Stuart S
AU  - Hu, Hanjin
AU  - Ali, Najaf
AU  - Srikonda, Rohit
AU  - Research Foundation of SUNY
AU  - State University of New York, Buffalo
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bridge Data File Protocols for Interoperability and Life Cycle Management Volume II - Information Delivery Manual Elements for Highway Bridge Interoperable Data Protocols
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 246p
AB  - The research resulting in this report and its companion report (“Model View Definition Elements for Highway Bridge Interoperable Data Protocols”) develops, implements and demonstrates an efficient and robust digital data protocol that could be used to automate the exchange of bridge information in the various activities of design, detailing, fabrication, construction, inspection, and evaluation involved in the bridge lifecycle. This data protocol is intended for public domain use and provides the relevant information that requires exchange regarding the bridge from “cradle to grave.” This data exchange protocol, dubbed “openBrIM,” is developed and presented in a manner that is software neutral (a.k.a. “vendor agnostic”), but is developed with consideration of relevant software vendors to facilitate their development of conforming translators to automate the transfer of data among software applications. Focus is placed on common “workhorse” steel and concrete girder bridge structures.
KW  - Data files
KW  - Data sharing
KW  - Girder bridges
KW  - Highway bridges
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Interoperability
KW  - Steel bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/protocols/hif16003_v2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1416736
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01597255
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - National Congestion Pricing Conference
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 9p
AB  - On July 9-10, 2013, 114 leaders in congestion pricing, managed lanes, and parking pricing convened in Seattle, WA to discuss recent successes and challenges to advancing congestion pricing in the United States. Much of the discussion centered on the important outcomes of project implementations, especially the Urban Partnership Agreement (UPA)/Congestion Reduction Demonstration (CRD) programs as well as the Value Pricing Pilot Program (VPPP). The primary objective of the conference was raising the awareness, advancing the state-of-the-practice, and identifying the research and technology transfer needs in support of deploying congestion pricing strategies in the United States. Sharing the collective knowledge and experience of presenters and participants, the conference provided input to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Transportation Research Board (TRB) and other research organizations, and implementing transportation agencies. The participants represented state, local and regional jurisdictions from across the United States and Ontario, Canada. Nearly half of the participants came from regional entities and State agencies; including metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), State departments of transportation (DOT), and tolling and transit agencies. The FHWA coordinated and worked with Washington State DOT (WSDOT) and the TRB Congestion Pricing Committee to make this conference a success. This report briefly summarizes the conference proceedings.
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Congestion pricing
KW  - Managed lanes
KW  - Ontario (Province)
KW  - Parking fees
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - United States
KW  - Urban Partnership Agreement
KW  - Value Pricing Pilot Program (FHWA)
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop14005/fhwahop14005.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1401545
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01590528
AU  - Guin, Angshuman
AU  - Hunter, Michael
AU  - Suh, Wonho
AU  - Anderson, James
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Feasibility Study for Using Video Detection System Data to Supplement Automatic Traffic Recorder Data
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 72p
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of incorporating Georgia NaviGAtor traffic volume data with Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) traffic volume data to enhance federal reporting. Some of the pertinent conclusions from this study are: (1) Accuracy of video detection system (VDS) counts varied from site to site and lane to lane. (2) Accuracy for VDS with gantry-mounted cameras was not significantly better than that of pole-mounted VDS sites. (3) Accuracy of VDS sites with cameras mounted on 36 ft. offset poles was marginally lower than units with cameras mounted on 24 ft. offset poles. (4) Accuracy of counts from VDSs and remote traffic microwave sensors (RTMSs) is sensitive to site-specific deployment characteristics. (5) There is a likely limit to the number of lanes that may be accurately counted by a single VDS unit. (6) Counts aggregated over all lanes provide the highest accuracy. (7) Given the variability in data quality across detection stations, the use of VDS data to supplement GDOT data should be considered on a detector-by-detector basis (i.e. the data from a detector need to be individually checked for quality against ground truth data before they are used for federal reporting purposes).
KW  - Accuracy
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Traffic surveillance
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Video imaging detectors
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/11-13.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1396132
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01576193
AU  - Kim, Sung-Hee (Sonny)
AU  - Southern Polytechnic State University
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Measurements of Dynamic and Resilient Moduli of Roadway Test Sites
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 102p
AB  - To perform the structural analyses of existing flexible pavements using Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) or Pavement ME, the accurate measurements of dynamic modulus (E*) for asphalt materials and resilient moduli (MR) for unbound materials are essential. E* is a direct input of Pavement ME software and it explains the viscoelastic behavior of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), which is the function of the loading frequency and temperature. The resilient behavior is the nature of granular material behavior and thus, MR is one of the most important material properties, that is directly related to the structural performance of flexible pavement. The accurate measurements of dynamic and resilient moduli are required to correctly analyze the existing pavement and to properly design new pavement with highest level of reliability. In this study, the Georgia Pavement and Traffic Research Center (GPTRC) at Southern Polytechnic Applied Research Corporation (SPARC) developed the material input library to assist the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) for successful implementation of MEPDG in the State.
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Granular bases
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - Modulus of resilience
KW  - Structural analysis
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/12-07.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1369386
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570289
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Guidebook for Value for Money Assessment
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 81p
AB  - In addition to other guidance, the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) Public-Private Partnership (P3) toolkit includes the Value for Money Assessment for Public-Private Partnerships: A Primer, the Public Sector Comparator Tool and User Guide, and the Shadow Bid Tool and User Guide. This guidebook is intended to be an intricate and detailed follow-on to the Primer and covers more challenging and advanced Value for Money (VfM) assessment topics. To make the guidebook as useful as possible to practitioners, this document provides an advanced understanding of the practical applications for assessing and allocating project life cycle risks, and addresses the numerous challenges faced when doing this. The intended audience for this material includes the staff at the FHWA, individual state departments of transportation, executive branch departments and agencies submitting P3 requests, metropolitan planning organizations, and other transportation management agencies that are considering a P3 approach or are preparing, procuring, and implementing a P3 project.
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Valuation
KW  - Value for money
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/p3/p3_guidebook_vfm_1213.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55258/p3_guidebook_vfm_1213.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359496
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01570263
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Guidebook for Risk Assessment in Public Private Partnerships
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 74p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) Public-Private Partnership (P3) Toolkit includes both the Risk Assessment for Public-Private Partnerships: A Primer, and the Risk Assessment Tool and User Manual. This guidebook is intended to be a detailed follow-on to the primer, and as such covers more challenging and advanced risk assessment topics. It is designed to enhance the overall understanding of the relationship between risk assessment and Value for Money analysis and to provide hands on guidance for practitioners in the field. To make this guidebook as useful as possible to practitioners, it provides an advanced understanding of the practical applications for assessing and allocating project life cycle risks, and addresses the numerous challenges faced when doing so. The intended audience for this material includes the staff at FHWA, individual state departments of transportation, executive branch departments and agencies considering P3s, metropolitan planning organizations, and other transportation management agencies that are considering a P3 approach or are preparing, procuring, and implementing a P3 project.
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Valuation
KW  - Value for money
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/p3/p3_guidebook_risk_assessment_030314.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55257/p3_guidebook_risk_assessment_030314.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359495
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01569144
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Financial Structuring and Assessment for Public–Private Partnerships: A Primer
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 40p
AB  - This primer addresses the issue of financial structuring and assessment for Public–private partnerships (P3s). Most P3 projects are financed by using a combination of private equity, debt, and (often) public subsidies. For financial assessment of P3s, it is important to understand these sources of capital, how they are combined (referred to as financial structure), and how funds invested in a project are repaid. A considerable portion of this primer (chapters 2 through 5) discusses these aspects of P3s. The basic concepts of project finance for P3s are presented in chapter 2. Because P3s require revenue to pay back investors and lenders, the various types of revenue sources and their advantages and disadvantages with regard to P3s are described in chapter 3. In chapter 4, sources of public sector financing for P3s are discussed, whereas in chapter 5, the various sources of private capital and their incentives and capabilities are reviewed, including how debt repayments may be scheduled to match projected cash flows and project characteristics to make the project financially viable. Financial modeling and indicators used by public agencies, equity investors, and lenders to assess financial feasibility are discussed in chapters 6 through 9. Finally, a summary and concluding remarks are provided in chapter 10.
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Debt
KW  - Financial analysis
KW  - Financing
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - Revenues
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/p3/p3_primer_financial_assessment_1213.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55200/55260/p3_primer_financial_assessment_1213.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1359492
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557312
AU  - Smith, Sarah
AU  - University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Highway Safety Improvement Program National Summary Baseline Report: 2009-2012
PY  - 2013/12//Summary Report
SP  - 23p
AB  - The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) National Summary Baseline Report compiles and summarizes aggregate information related to the States progress in implementing HSIP projects. Progress in implementing HSIP projects is described based on the amount of HSIP funds available and the number and general listing of projects initiated during the reporting period. The baseline report presents HSIP funding and project data from 2009 through 2012. The HSIP National Summary Baseline Report is not intended to compare states; rather to illustrate how the states are collectively implementing the HSIP to reduce fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads across the nation.
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Improvement Program
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Safety management
KW  - States
UR  - http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/reports/pdf/2013/hsip_report_2009.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345875
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01557295
AU  - Kurtis, Kimberly E
AU  - Kahn, Lawrence F
AU  - Nadelman, Elizabeth
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Viability of Concrete Performance-Based Specification for Georgia DOT Projects
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 107p
AB  - Performance-based specifications provide an alternative means of designing concrete to meet specific performance-related goals. Instead of specifying materials, means, and proportions, as current prescriptive specifications do, a performance-based specification instead indicates the functional requirements for concrete in the plastic and hardened states and allows the concrete producer to design a mixture that meets those requirements. Research conducted in this project has shown that by focusing on achieving specific performance objectives, it is possible to produce more durable concrete mixtures with longer service lives and lower costs than mixtures made under current prescriptive requirements. Based on the results of this research effort, recommendations are proposed for future introduction of performance-based options into the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) Section 500 – Concrete Structures Standard Specification. It is recommended that performance criteria for permeability and dimensional stability be included in future GDOT specifications as optional requirements to supplement the existing prescriptive requirements for concrete structures.
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Durability
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Standards
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1346739
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01548531
AU  - Athey Creek Consultants
AU  - Michigan Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Warrants for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Devices
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report Version 2.1
SP  - 79p
AB  - In 2006, many ENTERPRISE member agencies were facing the challenge of increasing requests for the deployment of technology devices (commonly referred to as Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) devices). The group believed that a process of assessing whether individual devices are warranted at specific locations could help them in prioritizing device deployments. In 2009, the group developed initial warrants for the following Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) devices to assist agencies in the decision process of deploying technology devices as well as to validate the location of deployed devices: Closed Circuit Television (CCTV); Dynamic Message Signs (DMS); Highway Advisory Radio (HAR); and Road Weather Information Systems (RWIS). In 2010 warrants were developed for the following technology devices: Variable Speed Limit (VSL) Signs; Dynamic Speed Display Signs (DSDS); Curve Warning Systems; Ramp Meters; and Intelligent Work Zones. ENTERPRISE has continued to identify additional ITS devices for warrant development and in 2013 developed warrants for: Intersection Conflict Warning Systems (ICWS). This document represents the efforts performed to develop the device warrants. Section 8 of this report contains the text of each device warrant which is also included on the ITS Warrants website: http://enterprise.prog.org/itswarrants/.
KW  - Closed circuit television
KW  - Crash avoidance systems
KW  - Highway advisory radio
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Ramp metering
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Variable message signs
KW  - Warrants (Traffic control devices)
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/itswarrants/ENT%20ITS%20Warrants%20Report%20Final%20121913.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333227
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01545294
AU  - Tremblay, Jason
AU  - Colgrove, George W
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Ultraliner PVC Alloyᵀᴹ Pipeliner
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 17p
AB  - In an effort to evaluate promising pipe lining techniques, the Vermont Agency of Transportation (the Agency) installed two Ultraliner polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Alloy Pipeliners in the town of Barton, Vermont in May of 2003; one in an 18-inch (450 mm nominal) reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) and one in a 24-inch (600 mm nominal) asphalt coated corrugated metal pipe. The liners were a folded continuously extruded PVC pipeliner and are designed to return to their extruded shape upon the application of heat and to be formed tightly against the host pipe by “blow molding” with steam. In ten years of service life to the publishing of this report, the liners and the culverts have no visible damage. The liners have halted the degradation of the culverts and extended the serviceable lives considerably. Due to these findings, the Agency is in support of continued use of the Ultraliner product, as well as continued evaluations and usage of similar culvert lining materials to extend the lives of culverts and to reduce maintenance costs going forward.
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Linings
KW  - Metal pipe
KW  - Polyvinyl chloride
KW  - Reinforced concrete pipe
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2013%20-%2013%20Evaluation%20of%20Ultraliner%20PVC%20Alloy%20Pipeliner.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331822
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544665
AU  - Kipp, Wendy
AU  - Walters, Benjamin
AU  - Ahearn, William E
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Asphalt Treated Permeable Base
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 20p
AB  - This report summarizes the construction and 13-year performance of an experimental asphalt treated permeable base used along Interstate 89 in the towns of Georgia, Vermont and Fairfax, Vermont. This investigation compares the performance of this material to that of a base material recrushed and re-compacted in place. The performance was based on deterioration criteria including cracking, roughness and field observations. After 13 years of use, both sections exhibit low roughness values for ride. The control treatment had lower roughness values after a 6-year period but throughout time, the experimental roughness values became lower than the control section. There also seems to be a lower cracking average for the control section compared to the experimental test sections. There is not sufficient data to conclude it was substantially better.
KW  - Asphalt
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Ride quality
KW  - Roughness
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2013%20-09%20Asphalt%20Treated%20Permeable%20Base.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331774
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544555
AU  - Tremblay, Jason P
AU  - Colgrove, George W
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessment of TechCrete a Concrete Repair Material and Joint Sealant
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 32p
AB  - Joint sealing and resealing is a commonly performed concrete pavement maintenance activity that serves two purposes. First, it minimizes water infiltration; second, it prevents intrusion of solid materials in the joints. There are many sealants available for resealing concrete joints including hot-poured, rubberized asphalt sealants and silicone sealants. According to a Federal Highway Administration technology brief, “the hot-poured, rubberized asphalt sealants are less expensive than silicone materials but generally have shorter life expectancies (typically, 4 to 8 years for hot-poured sealants and 5 to 10 for silicone sealants). In the fall of 2007, the City of Winooski resealed some of the pavement joints located along US Route 2 and 7 as part of their periodic preventative maintenance work, with a new hot-poured product, TechCrete, manufactured by Crafco. According to Crafco, this flexible material is a hot-poured product for concrete repairs, which provides high tensile strength and high compressive resistance. It is comprised of a combination of several resins, polymers, and aggregate. In addition, it has proven to provide a long-term life span in most applications. According to the manufacturer, once the material has properly cured, the materials will not de-bond or crack while remaining flexible during the expansion and contraction of the adjacent concrete slabs. Additionally, the affected lane can be open to traffic within one hour of application. In 2008, Crafco contacted Vermont Agency of Transportation (VTrans) to have TechCrete added to the Approved Products list. This study is an evaluation of the product. VTrans selected the Winooski site and a site in South Burlington where a concrete pavement was placed in 1997 that exhibited similar deterioration, to conduct a field evaluation of the product.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Joint sealers
KW  - Joint sealing
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Techcrete
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2013%20-%2011%20Assessment%20of%20TechCrete%20a%20Concrete%20Repair%20Material%20and%20Joint%20Sealant.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331773
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541414
AU  - Thomas, Michael D A
AU  - Folliard, Kevin J
AU  - Fournier, Benoit
AU  - Drimalas, Thano
AU  - Garber, Sabrina I
AU  - Transtec Group
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Methods for Preventing ASR in New Construction: Results of Field Exposure Sites
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 36p
AB  - As part of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) alkali-silica reaction (ASR) Development and Deployment Program, two sites were built to study ASR in new concrete construction. Concrete blocks were produced with a range of aggregates and cementitious materials and placed on outdoor exposure sites at the University of Hawaii in Manoa on the island of Oahu and at a Department of Transportation (DOT) storage facility in Lawrence, Massachusetts. The main purpose of these studies was to (1) provide information on the reactivity of local aggregates which could be used as a benchmark to calibrate standard laboratory tests, (2) determine the efficacy of various preventive measures for controlling ASR expansion, and (3) provide data to validate guidelines such as American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) PP65-11. This document presents the preliminary findings from the Oahu and Lawrence exposure sites.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Alkali silica reactions
KW  - Concrete
KW  - Concrete construction
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Lawrence (Massachusetts)
KW  - Oahu (Hawaii)
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/concrete/asr/pubs/hif14004.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54700/54743/hif14004.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326522
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01532306
AU  - Barrett, Timothy J
AU  - Sun, Hongfang
AU  - Weiss, W Jason
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance of Portland Limestone Cements: Cements Designed to Be More Sustainable That Include up to 15% Limestone Addition
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 68p
AB  - In 2009, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO) permitted the use of up to 5% interground limestone in ordinary portland cement (OPC) as a part of ASTM C150/AASHTO M85. When this project was initiated a new proposal was being discussed that would enable up to 15% interground limestone to be considered in ASTM C595/AASHTO M234 cement. This project was initiated to provide rapid feedback to Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) for use in discussions regarding these specifications (this has become ASTM C595/AASHTO M234). Portland limestone cement (PLC) is designed to enable more sustainable construction which may significantly reduce the CO₂ that is embodied in the built infrastructure while extending the life of cement quarries. The physical and chemical properties of the cementitious materials used in this study were examined. PLC is typically a finer cement (10 to 30% Blaine fineness) with a reduction in the coarse clinker particles (>20µm) and an increase in fine particles which are primarily limestone. Isothermal calorimetry and chemical shrinkage results imply that these PLC materials have a similar or slightly greater reaction and would be able to be used interchangeably with OPC in practice as it relates to the rate of reaction. The PLC mortars exhibited relatively similar activation energies compared to the corresponding OPCs allowing the maturity method to be used by INDOT for both the PLC and OPC systems. The mechanical properties of OPC and PLC were generally similar with the PLC typically having slightly higher early age strengths but similar 28 day strengths. No significant change in drying shrinkage or restrained shrinkage cracking was observed for the PLC when compared with OPC (Barrett et al. 2013). The PLC has similar volumes of permeable voids as the OPC. The chloride diffusion coefficients in the PLC systems may range from 0 to 30% higher than the OPCs. The PLC showed synergistic benefits when paired with fly ash. Based on the available literature and available testing results INDOT could consider PLC, as specified in accordance with ASTM C‐595/AASHTO M 240, to be a suitable option for use in INDOT concrete applications.
KW  - Air voids
KW  - Clinkers
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Limestone
KW  - Portland cement
KW  - Properties of materials
KW  - Shrinkage
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315335
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/52000/52400/52461/fulltext.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1317280
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526424
AU  - Grant, Michael
AU  - Siwek, Sarah
AU  - O'Rourke, Laurence
AU  - Rose, Eliot
AU  - O'Connell, Jenny
AU  - ICF International
AU  - Sarah J. Siwek & Associates
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Performance-Based Approach to Addressing Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Transportation Planning
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 74p
AB  - This publication is a handbook designed to be a resource for State Departments of Transportation and Metropolitan Planning Organizations engaged in performance-based planning and programming to integrate greenhouse gas (GHG) performance measures into transportation decision making. It discusses key approaches for integrating GHG emissions into a performance-based planning and programming (PBPP) approach, considerations for selecting an appropriate GHG performance measure, and using GHG performance measures to support investment choices and to enhance decision making.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/mitigation/publications_and_tools/ghg_planning/ghg_planning.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1308225
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526295
AU  - Craver, Vinka Oyanedel
AU  - Kasaraneni, Varun
AU  - Kohm, Steven
AU  - University of Rhode Island, Kingston
AU  - University of Rhode Island Transportation Center
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Pervious Concrete Research Facility: Winter Performance and Enhancement of Pollutants Removal
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 20p
AB  - The purpose of the current study was to design and test a porous medium that can potentially be applied in  pervious pavement systems. The principle goals were to identify a material capable of enhancing the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) sorption capacity, thereby mitigating the influx of PAHs into the deeper subsurface. The necessary laboratory studies were carried out in three phases: (1) synthesis of organically modified soils; (2) testing of the effectiveness of the organic amendments to Rhode Island glacial outwash soil and organoclay to sorb the PAH compound Naphthalene; and (3) determination of whether any of the conventional construction components of pervious pavement systems (i.e., porous concrete, aggregate, including unmodified soil) contribute to PAH removal. The PAH compounds acenaphthene and flourene were used for the second part of the study.
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Clay soils
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Runoff
KW  - Sorption
KW  - Subsoil
UR  - http://131.128.106.203/uritc-org/media/finalreportspdf/0002595.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1309908
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01523303
AU  - Cheu, Ruey Long
AU  - Hernandez, Salvador
AU  - Miramontes, Jessica
AU  - Balal, Esmaeil
AU  - Colmenero, Yvonne
AU  - University of Texas, El Paso
AU  - Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation
AU  - El Paso Metropolitan Planning Organization
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Warehouse Location and Freight Attraction in the Greater El Paso Region
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 99p
AB  - This project analyzes the current and future warehouse and distribution center locations along the El Paso-Juarez regions in the United States-Mexico border. This research has developed a comprehensive database to aid in decision support process for identifying potential warehouse and distribution center locations. This database will provide information regarding accessibility, mobility, safety, and economic feasibility of the sites. In addition, truck volumes at four selected sites in El Paso have been collected and analyzed to provide planners information on the expected truck trips that would be generated and attracted in the warehouse and distribution center locations. The observed trip generation and attraction rates are  compared with the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ trip generation models.
KW  - Databases
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - El Paso (Texas)
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Industrial location
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Trip generation
KW  - Truck traffic
KW  - United States-Mexico Border
KW  - Warehouses
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/files/CAIT-UTC-018-final_0.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51700/51705/CAIT-UTC-018-final_0.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307064
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522230
AU  - National Center for Safe Routes to School
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Advancing Transportation and Health: Approaches from the Federal Safe Routes to School Program that offer broad application
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 12p
AB  - In August 2012, the White House Roundtable on Health and Transportation was convened to discuss the intersection of health and transportation and the challenges of implementation. The National Center director and Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA’s) Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program manager  participated in the roundtable. It became clear that the Federal SRTS Program has been able to use its unique purpose, which deliberately and consciously required both public health and transportation solutions, to successfully address many of the issues discussed. To build on the discussion from the White House Roundtable, the National Center convened a SRTS Roundtable on Transportation and Health in March 2013. The National Center invited transportation and health professionals to examine the  contributions that SRTS has made, and can continue to make, to transportation and health programs, regardless of SRTS’ place within transportation legislation and funding programs.
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Public health
KW  - Safe Routes to School (Program)
KW  - School children
KW  - School trips
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.saferoutesinfo.org/sites/default/files/transportation_health_v2.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1305800
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01520477
AU  - Morton, Tom
AU  - Woodward Communications
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Multiscale Materials Modeling Workshop Summary Report
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 44p
AB  - This report summarizes a 2-day workshop held to share information on multiscale material modeling. The aim was to gain expert feedback on the state of the art and identify Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) Program opportunities for multiscale material modeling as it applies to the optimization of properties, durability, and construction of asphalt and cementitious pavement and construction materials. The workshop provided an opportunity for researchers who develop material models and engineers who use the results of material models to discuss multiscale modeling of cementitious and asphaltic materials. Discussion topics included the purposes and audiences for current and future models, the state of the art in approaches to model degradation mechanisms across length scales, and technical and programmatic approaches to advance multiscale modeling methods. These discussions will form the basis for transition of results from research on multiscale material modeling and new plans for EAR program activities.
KW  - Asphalt based materials
KW  - Building materials
KW  - Cement
KW  - Materials science
KW  - Multiscale modeling
KW  - Workshops
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/13130/13130.pdf
UR  - https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/13130/index.cfm.
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302795
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01519389
AU  - ICF International
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessment of the Body of Knowledge on Incorporating Climate Change Adaptation Measures into Transportation Projects
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 65p
AB  - Transportation systems are vulnerable to extreme weather and climate change impacts, such as  increased temperatures, sea level rise, and more intense storms. These events threaten the ability of transportation agencies to effectively plan, invest in, operate, and maintain their infrastructure. Over the past decade, many transportation agencies have transitioned from vulnerability assessment to adaptation planning. Having evaluated the risk that climate change poses, these agencies are ready to begin building their resilience to a range of possible climate futures. This report highlights adaptation actions that transportation agencies around the world are already pursuing and articulates a growing set of best practices for implementing adaptation. The report also discusses strategies, examples, and best practices for evaluating the costs and benefits of adaptation. The purpose of the report is to provide transportation practitioners with a guide to the current “state of practice” in this field. Since many transit agencies have actively pursued adaptation strategies, this report also covers relevant adaptation initiatives from transit agencies.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Climate change
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Transit operating agencies
KW  - Transportation departments
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Weather and climate
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/climate_change/adaptation/publications_and_tools/transportation_projects/transportationprojects.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1302416
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01518896
AU  - Ungemah, David H
AU  - Swenson, Chris R
AU  - Juriga, Jessica
AU  - Baker, Richard T
AU  - Goodin, Virginia
AU  - Parsons Brinckerhoff
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Colorado Mileage-Based User Fee Study
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 102p
AB  - The Transportation Research Board, Government Accountability Office, and Colorado Transportation  Finance and Implementation Panel (CTFIP) suggested that Colorado pursue fees based on actual travel as an alternative to the fuel tax. Revenues from mileage-based user fees (MBUF) would not vary based on fleet fuel consumption and would instead return revenue in proportion to use of the roadway network. The 2008 CTFIP recommended specifically that the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) study MBUF in more detail. This research project investigated the application of mileage-based user fees, and more expansively road usage charges, as a possible mechanism to improve funding for transportation. The final report documents: 1) state of the practice in MBUF; 2) stakeholder and public perceptions of MBUF in Colorado; 3) operations guidance; and 4) recommendations for next steps. This yielded the primary conclusion: although a mileage-based user fee system can be created in Colorado so that all Colorado drivers pay their proportional share of roadway system costs, significant issues remain from technical, policy, and public acceptance perspectives. Too many operational and technological questions remain unanswered, and must be tested and evaluated before the state would be ready to commit to a statewide implementation of this strategy. Rather, alternative short-term measures that can accomplish many of the objectives of mileage-based user fees – namely, an increase in revenue and better distribution of payment from alternative fuel and fuel high-efficiency vehicles – should be evaluated and considered.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Financing
KW  - Highways
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mileage-based user fees
KW  - Public opinion
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2013/mbuf.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1301936
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516422
AU  - Zheng, Wei
AU  - Jackson State University
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Instrumentation and Computational Modeling for Evaluation of Bridge Substructures Across Waterways
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - This State Study 229 was proposed as the Phase I study for implementing sensing technologies and computational analysis to assess bridge conditions and support decision-making for bridge maintenance in Mississippi. The objectives of the study are to: (1) prioritize the major detrimental bridge substructure deterioration in Mississippi waterway and their measurable parameters; (2) identify instrumentation technology for wirelessly in-situ monitoring of these parameters; (3) develop computational framework that can correlate the identified bridge substructure deterioration with the structure performance; (4) integrate research findings into education and professional preparation for students and professionals; and (5) prepare the field implementation for the next phase study and identify further needed research in above areas. This final report synthesizes the available findings from existing research and presents the  major outcomes obtained from this State Study, which are summarized as follows. The bridge scour is determined as the major detrimental deterioration for bridges in Mississippi waterway by the project Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) members of Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) and the project team. The fixed monitoring sensor for detecting scour at the bridge substructure has been identified as suitable means to ensure the bridge safety against scour. Literature reviews along with technical seminars on various scour monitoring devices, including Sonar, Magnetic sliding collars, Float-out devices, Tilt-sensor, and Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR), have been conducted and delivered to the inspectors and engineers at the MDOT Bridge Division. The TDR scour-monitoring sensor with wireless data transmission system was selected and evaluated for the field implementation of scour monitoring in the next phase study. A bridge in service has been chosen for implementing the field test of the selected scour monitoring system for the phase II study. The field installation plan and design was completed for the implementation of the selected sensor for the next phase II project. The computational model of the scoured bridge and probabilistic inference are proposed and examined for assessing the bridge performance and its associated uncertainties for given scour conditions based on dynamic measurements. The method for predicting the reliability of the  performance scoured bridge based on quantified uncertainties associated with the bridge damage models and scour damage is presented. The acceptable performance reliability or predicted probability of failure of scoured bridge has been identified. The application and effectiveness of proposed assessment approach are illustrated and examined through a numerical simulation of a selected prototype bridge. The future research needs for field verification of the selected scour monitoring system and the proposed computational framework are discussed.
KW  - Bridge substructures
KW  - Computer models
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Scour
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Time domain reflectometers
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20229%20-%20Instrumentation%20and%20Computational%20Modeling%20for%20Evaluation%20of%20Bridge%20Substructures%20Across%20Waterways.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300242
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516385
AU  - Padfield, Jon
AU  - Handy, Jim
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Striping Truck Utilization at Crawfordsville and Greenfield
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 17p
AB  - At the time this project was launched, Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) was operating two paint trucks per district (one edge line truck and one center line truck). This project was launched to determine the feasibility of painting all the lane miles in each district with a single paint truck per district. The Greenfield and Crawfordsville districts were chosen to develop and test ideas to enable the transition to painting with just one truck per district. Teams from both districts including paint truck drivers, painters and managers participated in a series of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) sessions facilitated by Purdue Technical Assistance Program (TAP). The Value Stream Maps were then used to identify inefficiencies in the painting operation and opportunities for improvement. These improvement ideas included both process changes and physical alterations to existing paint trucks. An action plan was created for each district to follow to enable them to test the ideas during the 2nd half of the 2013 and first half of the 2014 paint season. The action plans were completed and progress was tracked regarding the performance of the modified trucks and processes. Although the Crawfordsville and Greenfield districts implemented different approaches, both were able to complete painting all of their scheduled lane miles during the season with just 1 truck apiece. The results of this project demonstrated the viability of reducing the statewide fleet of INDOT paint trucks from 12 to 6. At an approximate cost of $400,000 per truck, this translates into an approximate savings of $2,400,000 as the current fleet of 12 aging trucks is replaced with 6 trucks rather than 12. The process changes implemented in this project also demonstrated operational efficiency improvements, which will result in labor savings of approximately 10%.
KW  - Construction and maintenance
KW  - Costs
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Painting
KW  - Savings
KW  - Striping
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315229
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291086
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516367
AU  - Hansen, Kent R
AU  - Copeland, Audrey
AU  - National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA)
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Annual Asphalt Pavement Industry Survey on Recycled Materials and Warm-Mix Asphalt Usage: 2009–2012
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 28p
AB  - One of the shared goals of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA) is to support and promote sustainable practices such as pavement recycling and warm-mix asphalt (WMA). The use of recycled materials, primarily reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS), in asphalt pavements reduces the amount of new materials required to produce asphalt mixes and material going to landfills. This is vital to the mission of environmental stewardship and extending the service life of the nation’s infrastructure while lowering overall costs. WMA technologies have been introduced to reduce the mixing and compacting temperatures for asphalt mixtures as a means of reducing emissions. Additional benefits include improved compaction of asphalt mixtures leading to improved pavement performance. As part of FHWA’s Every Day Counts initiative, WMA was chosen for accelerated deployment in federal-aid highway,  state department of transportation (DOT), and local road projects. It is important for the industry to track the deployment of these technologies, which reduce costs, energy, waste, emissions, and the amount of new materials required for road construction. FHWA has established two survey mechanisms for tracking the use of recycled materials and WMA in asphalt pavements. The first survey tracks state DOT usage and the other tracks industry usage. These have established a baseline of RAP, RAS, and WMA usage and tracked the growth of the use of these sustainable practices in the highway industry since 2009.  The objective of this survey is to quantify the use of recycled materials, and WMA produced by the asphalt pavement industry. Survey results show significant growth in the use of RAP, RAS, and WMA technologies from 2009 through 2012. The asphalt industry remains the country’s number-one recycler by recycling asphalt pavements at a rate of over 99 percent and almost all (98 percent) contractors/branches report using RAP in 2012. The amount of RAP used in asphalt mixtures has increased by 22 percent, from 56 million tons in 2009 to 68.3 million tons in 2012. Assuming 5 percent liquid asphalt in RAP, this represents over 3.4 million tons (19 million barrels) of asphalt binder conserved during 2012. The estimated savings at $600 per ton for asphalt binder is $2.04 billion. Use of both manufacturers’ scrap and post-consumer asphalt shingles used in asphalt mixes increased 165 percent from 2009 to nearly 1.9 million tons 2012. Assuming a conservative asphalt content of 20 percent for the RAS, this represents about 380,000 tons (2.1 million barrels) of asphalt binder conserved. The estimated savings at $600 per ton for asphalt binder is $228 million. For 2012 contractors were asked about their use of other recycled materials in asphalt mixtures. Contractors in 13 states reported using steel and blast furnace slag in asphalt mixtures. Ground tire rubber (GTR) was reported as being used in asphalt  mixtures in nine states. Other recycled materials used to a lesser degree include fly ash, bottom ash, foundry slag, cellulose fiber, and glass. Due to the low response rate on other recycled materials no attempt was made to estimate the total quantities of other recycled materials used. In 2012, WMA was over 24 percent of the total asphalt mixture market. WMA use increased by nearly 26 percent from 2011  to 2012, and about 416 percent since 2009. Plant foaming is used most often in producing WMA, with over 88 percent of the market. WMA additives accounted for about 12 percent of the market.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Shingles
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://www.asphaltpavement.org/PDFs/IS138/IS138-2012_RAP-RAS-WMA_Survey_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290656
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516364
AU  - Coifman, Benjamin
AU  - Kim, Seoungbum
AU  - Ohio State University, Columbus
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessing the Performance of the SpeedInfo Sensor
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 60p
AB  - Until recently freeway traffic operations data were collected in house by the Ohio Department of  Transportation (ODOT) using loop detectors. In recent years several private companies have emerged with a  viable opportunity to outsource traffic data collection. While these new business models and ease of  deployment are compelling, there are few published studies explicitly evaluating their performance. ODOT has contracted with two of these data providers: SpeedInfo and INRIX. This study exploited a unique juncture as ODOT transitioned to the new third party data collection: the two new systems and the legacy loop detectors were concurrently operational in Columbus, Ohio for approximately 6 months. Using the archived data from this period, the authors evaluated SpeedInfo and INRIX performance over a 14 mi corridor over several months. This long period of time ensured that the authors would have a better chance of observing intermittent features that might go unobserved in a short-term study. Both SpeedInfo and INRIX traffic data generally performed within specifications, exhibiting small biases that could likely be fixed with fine-tuning. Both sensors also exhibited a reporting lag, on the order of 60 sec for SpeedInfo and 360 seconds for INRIX (comparable to conventional 60 sec and 5 min aggregation periods used in loop detectors). Although the lag and bias are within specifications, some applications might be sensitive to them, e.g., traffic responsive ramp metering. Each system also exhibited unique behavior not found in the other. SpeedInfo is sensitive to precipitation: sometimes going offline for tens of minutes. When mounted on the shoulder, SpeedInfo showed slightly degraded performance on the far side traffic. INRIX reported speeds every minute, but after excluding repeated values, the actual effective reporting period was more like 3-5 min, with occasional periods of repeated measurements lasting in excess of 10 min (already reflected in the lag above). INRIX also provides two measures of confidence, neither of which reflects the measurement repetition.
KW  - Columbus (Ohio)
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Loop detectors
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Traffic surveillance
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/870337945/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1298612
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516302
AU  - Rister, Brad W
AU  - Creech, Jamie
AU  - Whelan, Joe
AU  - Taylor, Tim
AU  - University of Kentucky, Lexington
AU  - Kentucky Transportation Cabinet
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Pavement Evaluation of the Concrete Tie-bars and Dowel Baskets on Irvin Cobb Drive, US 60, McCracken County, KY
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 15p
AB  - A 1500 Mhz. ground coupled, ground penetrating radar antenna was used to identify both the horizontal alignment and the vertical displacement of the concrete tie-bars and the transverse joint dowel bar assembles on a Portland-Cement-Concrete-Pavement (PCCP) on US 60 in McCracken County, Kentucky. Approximately 5 lanes miles of PCCP were evaluated using the 1500 Mhz. ground coupled antenna. Results indicate that only one transverse dowel basket out of an approximate total of 1,760 were within 4.17 inches of the pavement surface. Seven transverse dowel baskets were misaligned four inches or greater from the location of the sawed joint. These areas represent 0.45 percent of the total transverse joints on the project. The ground penetrating radar results also indicated there were no areas along the longitudinal joint where the tie-bars were either too close to the pavement surface or missing.
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Dowels (Fasteners)
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Ground penetrating radar
KW  - Mccracken County (Kentucky)
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Tie bars
KW  - Transverse joints
UR  - http://www.ktc.uky.edu/files/2014/02/KTC_13_24_FRT_2013_6_11_1F.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1299694
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516290
AU  - Edara, Praveen
AU  - Sun, Carlos
AU  - Robertson, Andrew
AU  - University of Missouri, Columbia
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effectiveness of Work Zone Intelligent Transportation Systems
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 71p
AB  - In the last decade, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have increasingly been deployed in work zones by state departments of transportation. Also known as smart work zone systems they improve traffic operations and safety by providing real-time information to travelers, monitoring traffic conditions, and managing incidents. Although there have been numerous ITS deployments in work zones, a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of these deployments does not exist. To justify the continued development and implementation of smart work zone systems, this study developed a framework to determine ITS effectiveness for specific work zone projects. The framework recommends using one or more of five performance measures: diversion rate, delay time, queue length, crash frequency, and speed. The monetary benefits and costs of ITS deployment in a work zone can then be computed using the performance measure values. Such ITS computations include additional considerations that are typically not present in standard benefit-cost computations. The proposed framework will allow for consistency in performance measures across different ITS studies thus allowing for comparisons across studies or for meta analysis. In addition, guidance on the circumstances under which ITS deployment is recommended for a work zone is provided. The framework was illustrated using two case studies: one urban work zone on I-70 and one rural work zone on I-44, in Missouri. The goals of the two ITS deployments were different – the I-70 ITS deployment was targeted at improving mobility whereas the I-44 deployment was targeted at improving safety. For the I-70 site, only permanent ITS equipment that was already in place was used for the project and no temporary ITS equipment was deployed. The permanent dynamic message signs (DMS) equipment serves multiple purposes, and it is arguable whether that cost should be attributed to the work zone project. The data collection effort for the I-70 site was very significant as portable surveillance captured the actual diversion flows to alternative routes. The benefit-cost ratio for the I-70 site was 2.1 to 1 if adjusted equipment costs were included and 6.9 to 1 without equipment costs. The safety-focused I-44 ITS deployment had an estimated benefit-cost ratio of 3.2 to 1.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Urban highways
KW  - Variable message signs
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/15989/1/IADOT_InTrans_TPF-5%28081%29_work-zone_ITS_effectiveness.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291097
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516174
AU  - Heitzman, Michael
AU  - Greer, Mary
AU  - Maghsoodloo, Saeed
AU  - National Center for Asphalt Technology
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Dynamic Friction Tester Workshop and Round-Robin Testing Summary
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 52p
AB  - A number of state agencies, consultants, and research centers are using a dynamic friction tester (DFT) as a quick, relatively simple, lightweight device for spot-­testing pavement surface friction. Based on the experience of these users, a number of issues with the equipment and test standard have been noted. The scope of this workshop is to bring DFT users together to discuss these issues and collectively outline areas that should be addressed. The objectives of the workshop are to: 1. provide an open forum for discussion;  2. develop a list of concerns;  3. provide direction for further development of the equipment and test method;  4. provide an opportunity for side-­‐by-­‐side testing of DFT devices.
KW  - Dynamic friction tester
KW  - Friction tests
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Surface course (Pavements)
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Testing equipment
UR  - http://www.ncat.us/files/reports/2013/rep13-12.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1299880
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01506428
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Connor, Robert
AU  - Digglemann, Lindsey
AU  - Sherman, Ryan
AU  - Ocel, Justin
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Member and Load-Path Redundancy on the US-421 Bridge Over the Ohio River
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 8p
AB  - Single member failures or fractures can cause complete bridge failure, leading to the development of fracture critical member (FCM) provisions for design, fabrication, and inspection. The objective of the project was to assess the after-fracture performance of a two- line, simple-span truss bridge, the Milton-Madison Bridge spanning the Ohio River. The bridge was slated for explosive demolition and offered the ability to examine both internal and structural redundancy. A simple, three-dimensional analysis model of the bridge was created. Controlled load testing was performed on the bridge to understand its behavior, determine stresses in the bridge under a known load, and calibrate the finite element analysis.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Bridge members
KW  - Demolition
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Fracture mechanics
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Ohio River
KW  - Redundancy
KW  - Structural models
KW  - Truss bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/13105/13105.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1280974
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505862
AU  - Lyon, Craig
AU  - Persaud, Bhagwant
AU  - Hattan, David E
AU  - Renner, Gabrielle
AU  - Persaud and Lyon, Incorporated
AU  - Colorado Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Safety Performance Functions for Freeway Merge Zones
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 35p
AB  - This report documents the results of a research project to support the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) in the area of Safety Performance Function (SPF) development. The project involved collecting data and developing SPFs for ramp-freeway merge zones categorized as isolated, non-isolated and weave. Tor each of these three categories, data for the period 2007 to 2011 were collected at sites selected to ensure statewide geographical representation and coverage of the range of traffic volume and other variables in each category. The development of SPFs for the three categories of ramp-freeway merge zones was successful.  Separate SPFs were developed for Total, fatal+injury (FI) and Property Damage Only (PDO) crashes. CDOT can use the developed SPFs immediately to apply state-of-the-art methodologies for road safety management activities.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Freeways
KW  - Merging area
KW  - Ramps (Interchanges)
KW  - Safety Performance Functions
UR  - http://www.coloradodot.info/programs/research/pdfs/2013/spf.pdf/at_download/file
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286958
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505850
AU  - Helmicki, Arthur
AU  - Hunt, Victor
AU  - University of Cincinnati
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Instrumentation of the US Grant Bridge for Monitoring of Fabrication, Erection, In-Service Behavior, and to Support Management, Maintenance, and Inspection
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 185p
AB  - The replacement of the US Grant Bridge over the Ohio River in Portsmouth, Ohio, was initiated in 2001 when the original bridge was closed and demolished, and its substitute opened in 2006. The new design is a steel cable stay design with steel girders and floor-beams supporting a post-tensioned concrete deck system nearly 65’ wide carrying one lane of traffic in each direction. The combination of epoxy-coating, grout filling, and outer tubing provides protection for the all-important structural cabling suspension system from both weather and corrosion. Ironically, however, these same features make it impossible to gain direct access to either the cables or the interior of the anchorages which, in turn, presents special challenges for inspection and rehabilitation of these critical bridge components on bridges of this type. It was envisioned that its long-term behavior and any associated changes in its structural condition could be best understood with the aid of a longitudinal study beginning during bridge construction, one that includes instrumented monitoring of both construction/erection and in-service phases of the life of this bridge. Such an approach,  integrated with traditional bridge management techniques, would help lead to a safe and economical  realization of the 100-year design life of this structure. A health monitoring system for the bridge would be designed, planned, and implemented, with data collection and archival throughout its construction and ultimately an automated, user-friendly interface on a dedicated website.
KW  - Bridge management systems
KW  - Cable stayed bridges
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Instrumentation
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Portsmouth (Ohio)
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/871712582/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286008
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505767
AU  - Edara, Praveen
AU  - Sun, Carlos
AU  - Breslow, Sawyer
AU  - University of Missouri, Columbia
AU  - Mid-America Transportation Center
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Evaluation of J-turn Intersection Design Performance in Missouri
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 89p
AB  - Research shows that a high percentage of crashes that take place on high-speed rural expressways occur at intersections with minor roads. One low-cost alternative design for improving the safety of at-grade intersections on such expressways is the J-turn. In the last few years, the Missouri Department of Transportation has converted some two-way stop controlled (TWSC) intersections into J-turns. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the J-turn intersection design in Missouri utilizing field studies, a public survey, crash analysis, and traffic conflict analysis. The field studies collected detailed video data at a J-turn site and a control site. The crash analysis included a statistically rigorous empirical Bayes before-after safety evaluation of five J-turn sites in Missouri. The J-turn design resulted in a 34.8% reduction in crash frequency for all crashes and a 53.7% reduction in crash frequency for all injury and fatal crashes. Both reductions were significant at the 95% confidence level. Annual disabling injury crashes and minor injury crashes decreased by 86% and 50%, respectively. None of the five sites exhibited a fatal crash following J-turn implementation. This five-site analysis showed that annual right angle crashes decreased from 6.3 to 1.3, a 80% reduction. One of the most severe crash types, the left turn, right angle crash, was completely eliminated by the J-turn. One conflict measure, average time to collision, was found to be four times higher at the J-turn site compared to the control TWSC site among minor road turning vehicles, indicating greater safety at the J-turn site. The average wait time at the J-turn site was half the wait time at the control site, while the average travel time at the J-turn site was approximately one minute greater than at the TWSC site. When the public was surveyed regarding trip time perceptions resulting from the J-turn, the majority said there was no adverse effect. A high percentage of minor road left turning and through movements at the J-turn site merged into the travel lanes within the first 400 feet of the acceleration lane. Public opinion regarding the J-turn at US 63 and Deer Park Road was mixed. Frequent concerns raised by respondents included difficulty merging following the U-turn, improper use of acceleration and deceleration lanes, insufficient U-turn radius to accommodate large vehicles, and driver confusion
KW  - Before and after studies
KW  - Crash analysis
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Crash severity
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Intersection elements
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Rural highways
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Turning traffic
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1304/cmr14-005.pdf
UR  - http://matc.unl.edu/assets/documents/matcfinal/Edara_EvaluationofAlternativeGeometricDesignsonHighwayCorridors-CaseStudyofJTurns.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285198
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01505748
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Where Pedestrians Cross the Roadway
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 4p
AB  - In 2010, 13 percent of all crash fatalities were pedestrians. Of these, 68.1 percent occurred outside of intersections. Despite the large proportion of crashes, there has been little research investigating why pedestrians cross roadways at unmarked locations. This study sought to better understand the environmental influences on both where and when pedestrians elect to cross the road. The study team observed, coded, and analyzed the circumstances surrounding when and where crashes took place at more than 70,000 crossings. The study team created a model to predict crossing behaviors. These data have the potential to guide roadway design. Furthermore, this approach may aid in the selection and location of pedestrian crossing interventions (e.g., new pedestrian activation crossing beacons), ultimately increasing pedestrian safety in shared use environments.
KW  - Crash analysis
KW  - Crash locations
KW  - Crosswalks
KW  - Environment
KW  - Mathematical models
KW  - Pedestrian movement
KW  - Pedestrian safety
KW  - Pedestrian-vehicle crashes
KW  - Pedestrians
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/13099/13099.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286049
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505731
AU  - Goodall, Noah J
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Real-Time Prediction of Vehicle Locations in a Connected Vehicle Environment
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 55p
AB  - The wireless communication between vehicles and the transportation infrastructure, referred to as the connected vehicle environment, has the potential to improve driver safety and mobility drastically for drivers. However, the rollout of connected vehicle technologies in passenger vehicles is expected to last 30 years or more, during which time traffic will be a mix of vehicles equipped with the technology and vehicles that are not equipped with the technology. Most mobility applications tested in simulation, such as traffic signal control and performance measurement, show greater benefits as a larger percentage of vehicles are equipped with connected vehicle technologies. The purpose of this study was to develop and investigate techniques to estimate the positions of unequipped vehicles based on the behaviors of equipped vehicles. Two algorithms were developed for this purpose: one for use with arterials and one for use with freeways. Both algorithms were able to estimate the positions of a portion of unequipped vehicles in the same lane  within a longitudinal distance. Further, two connected vehicle mobility applications were able to use these estimates to produce small performance improvements in simulation at low penetration rates of connected vehicle technologies when compared to using connected vehicle data alone, with up to an 8% reduction in delay for a ramp metering application and a 4.4% reduction in delay for a traffic signal control application. The study recommends that the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research (VCTIR) continue to assess the data quality of connected vehicle field deployments to determine if the developed algorithms can be deployed. If data quality is deemed acceptable and if a connected vehicle application is tested in a field deployment, VCTIR should evaluate the use of the location estimation algorithms to improve the application’s performance at low penetration rates. This is expected to result in reduced delays and improved flow for connected vehicle mobility applications during times when few vehicles are able to  communicate wirelessly.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Arterial highways
KW  - Automatic vehicle location
KW  - Freeways
KW  - ITS program applications
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Vehicle electronics
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-R4.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285615
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01505696
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Corrosion Monitoring Research of New York City Bridges
PY  - 2013/12
SP  - 6p
AB  - Current visual maintenance inspections of suspension bridge cables do not provide an adequate amount or sufficiently reliable data, indicating the need for innovative non-destructive testing (NDT) and sensing technologies that can provide an immediate, comprehensive, and reliable assessment of cable conditions and their evolution with time either directly or through measuring-related variables (i.e., temperature, humidity, etc.). The objective of this research project was twofold: (1) to install a network of sensors that can monitor the internal environment of main cables and provide information that can be used to indirectly assess the cable’s deterioration conditions and their evolution over time (indirect sensing method) and (2) to explore and possibly further develop the most recent and promising NDT technologies for direct detection of the corrosion damage inside main cables of suspension bridges (direct sensing method).
KW  - Bridge cables
KW  - Corrosion tests
KW  - New York (New York)
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Suspension bridges
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/14024/14024.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1286050
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505675
AU  - Ideker, Jason H
AU  - Fu, Tengfei 
AU  - Deboodt, Tyler
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Shrinkage Limits and Testing Protocols for ODOT High Performance Concrete
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 87p
AB  - Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) has observed varying degrees of cracking in their concrete structures. Cracking of high performance reinforced concrete structures, in particular bridge decks, is of paramount concern to ODOT. Cracking at early ages (especially within the first year after placement) results in additional costs and a significant maintenance burden to ODOT. The causes behind  cracking in high performance concrete (HPC) are well known and documented in the existing literature. However, appropriate shrinkage limits and standard laboratory/field tests that allow proper criteria to ensure crack-free or highly cracking-resistant high performance concrete are not clearly established either in the technical literature or in specifications. The purpose of this research was to provide shrinkage threshold limits for specifications and to provide a robust test procedure that allows easy determination of compliance with specified threshold limits. It has been shown that the “restrained ring” tests are the most comprehensive accelerated laboratory tests to accurately identify cracking potential. In addition, acceptable correlation between the ring test and the field test has been observed and documented. However, a simplified yet robust test procedure is in demand from materials suppliers and Departments of Transportation. Analysis of data obtained from this research project showed that the ratio of free shrinkage to shrinkage capacity (theoretical strain related to tensile strength and modulus of elasticity), referred to as a cracking potential indicator (CPI), was a promising assessment of cracking resistant performance. In this way, only the free shrinkage test (ASTM C157) and basic mechanical properties (ASTM C39, C469 and C496) are required to assess cracking risk of candidate high performance concrete mixture designs. This research investigation showed that a CPI less than 3.0 indicated low cracking risk when correlated to standard restrained ring tests. For ODOT HPC concrete bridge deck mixtures, a limit of 450 microstrain for free shrinkage at 28 day from initiation of drying is recommended to achieve satisfactory cracking resistance. Correlation to field experience is also recommended if these recommended thresholds/limits are adopted by ODOT.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Cracking
KW  - High performance concrete
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Shrinkage
KW  - Shrinkage limit
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR728_ShrinkageLimits-Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285608
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505669
AU  - Elzarka, Hazem
AU  - Andrews, Taylor
AU  - University of Cincinnati
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Renewable Energy Alternatives for Highway Maintenance Facilities
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 176p
AB  - A considerable annual energy budget is used for heating, lighting, cooling and operating Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) maintenance facilities. Such facilities contain vehicle repair and garage bays, which are large open spaces with high heating demand in winter. The main goal of the project was to recommend renewable energy and energy efficiency strategies for ODOT maintenance facilities that will reduce energy costs and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The research team developed a 3-phases screening  process for evaluating renewable energy technologies and developed a decision support tool for use in  each phase.
KW  - Air quality management
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Maintenance facilities
KW  - Ohio Department of Transportation
KW  - Renewable energy sources
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/871261211/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285756
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505615
AU  - Ma, Jiaqi
AU  - Demetsky, Michael J
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Integration of Travel Demand Models with Operational Analysis Tools
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 61p
AB  - Continuing growth in urban travel demand inevitably leads to a need for more physical capacity within the transportation system. However, limited financial resources, high construction costs, environmental considerations, long timelines, and an increasingly complex regulatory process have essentially rendered capacity-adding projects to be actions of last resort. Before such projects are undertaken, decision makers, planners, and engineers evaluate alternative operational improvement strategies that can eliminate, mitigate, or forestall the need for a more traditional highway construction project. Effectively evaluating the  wide range of operational improvement strategies that are available is not a trivial matter, and this is particularly true when the performance of such strategies is compared to the construction of new lanes.    The purpose of this study was to recommend methods to obtain input data for operational analysis tools that operate as post-processors to travel demand models. Among all operational planning tools compatible with the four-step planning process, the Florida ITS Evaluation (FITSEval) tool was selected to be integrated with the primary planning software used by the Virginia  Department of Transportation, i.e., Cube. To achieve the objective of this study, methods for estimating peak period flows from travel forecasting model outputs were investigated and Virginia data were examined for areas where planning forecasts and 24-hour travel patterns were available. Relationships between peak period flows and 24-hour data were studied. Procedures for obtaining the time-of-day factors for link and trip tables are provided using continuous count stations and National Household Travel Survey Data for Virginia. The modeling process was demonstrated by two case studies for the Hampton Roads area where the latest travel demand model was recently completed and many potential capacity enhancing operational strategies were available. Two case studies,  Incident Management systems and High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes deployment, were evaluated, and the results of the base case and operational strategy deployment scenarios were compared to make recommendations on the feasibility of the evaluated projects. This report is designed to serve as a reference for users of FITSEval or similar operational analysis tools for evaluating operational capacity enhancements.
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Peak periods
KW  - Software
KW  - Traffic forecasting
KW  - Transportation planning
KW  - Travel demand
KW  - Virginia
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r5.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285626
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504420
AU  - Mohammad, Louay N
AU  - Wu, Zhong
AU  - King, William M
AU  - Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Accelerated Loading Evaluation of Foamed Asphalt Treated RAP Layers in Pavement Performance
PY  - 2013/12//Final report
SP  - 91p
AB  - Due to a lack of locally produced high-quality stone base materials, the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) is continuously seeking alternative base materials in lieu of crushed stones used for roadway construction. This report documents the research efforts conducted at the Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC) regarding foamed-asphalt treated reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) alternative base materials and provides detailed information on experiment design as well as conducted field and laboratory tests. An accelerated pavement testing (APT) experiment was conducted in this study using the Accelerated Loading Facility (ALF) at LTRC’s Pavement Research Facility (PRF) testing site. The APT experiment included three different base test sections: the first one contained a foamed-asphalt treated 100 percent RAP base course (FA/100RAP), the second used a foamed-asphalt treated 50 percent RAP and 50 percent recycled soil cement base course (FA/50RAP/50SC), and the third had a crushed limestone base. Despite using different base materials, the three APT sections shared other pavement layers and had a common pavement structure: a 2-in. asphalt wearing course, an 8.5-in. base course, and a 12-in. cement-treated subbase course over an A-4 soil embankment subgrade. Each section was instrumented with one multi-depth deflectometer and two pressure cells for measuring ALF moving load induced pavement responses (i.e., deflections and vertical stresses). To expedite traffic-induced pavement deteriorations, two steel lo ad plates of 2,300-lb. each were added to the ALF load assembly (with a self-weight of 9,750-lb.) specifically at the loading cycle numbers of 175,000 and 225,000, respectively. The instrumentation data was collected at approximately every 8,500 ALF load repetitions; whereas, non-destructive deflection tests (NDT) and surface distress surveys (for surface rutting and cracking) were conducted at every 25,000 ALF load passes. In addition, a series of laboratory engineering performance-based tests was performed to characterize the performance of utilized materials in the APT experiment. The overall APT results generally indicated that the two foamed-asphalt base materials did not perform better than or as well as the crushed stone base. All three test sections were failed primarily due to the development of surface rutting. I isolated fatigue cracks were observed in localized areas of each test section associated with excessive surface ruts. The crushed stone section reached a rutting failure limit of an average rut depth of 0.5 in. approximately at an ALF loading cycle of 282,000; whereas, the FA/100RAP and FA/50RAP/50SC sections reached the limit at 230,000 and 228,000 repetitions, respectively. However, further analyses based on field measurement results revealed that both foamed-asphalt test sections showed slightly less permanent deformation than the crushed stone section during the first 175,000 ALF load repetitions. The backcalculated in-situ moduli of the two foamed-asphalt base courses were higher than that of the crushed stone base during the loading period when the applied ALF load was at 9,750 lb. Loading was increased after this and unfortunately, as the ALF load levels increased, both foamed-asphalt sections suddenly displayed a significantly higher rate of rutting than the stone section and quickly developed a premature rutting failure. A Shakedown theory analysis indicated that both foamed-asphalt treated RAP base materials seemed to have a lower shakedown threshold stress than the crushed stone base. It was due to the increase of the ALF load levels after the 175,000 repetitions that caused pavement base stresses higher than the shakedown threshold stresses of the two foamed-asphalt treated RAP base materials and eventually resulted in a stage of incremental collapse (or a sudden rutting failure) for the two foamed-asphalt test sections. In addition, the shakedown analysis also suggested that, as long as keeping the traffic induced stress level below the corresponding threshold stresses (as shown in the case when the ALF load was at a 9,750-lb. level), both foamed-asphalt base materials would have continuously performed better than the stone base. Due to having excellent performance under a 9,750-lb. ALF load, the foamed-asphalt treated RAP mixtures evaluated in this study may be considered for low volume roads, where the percentage of overloaded heavy truck traffic is relatively low and the environment is relatively dry (or a good drainage system is provided).
KW  - Accelerated tests
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Foamed asphalt
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Moisture content
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Ruts (Pavements)
KW  - Wearing course (Pavements)
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2013/FR_475.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1284792
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504348
AU  - Mohammad, Louay N
AU  - Nazzal, Munir D
AU  - King, Bill
AU  - Austin, Aaron
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of a Design Methodology for Asphalt Treated Mixtures
PY  - 2013/12//Final report
SP  - 93p
AB  - This report summarizes the results of a study that was conducted to develop a simplified design methodology for asphalt treated mixtures that are durable, stable, constructible, and cost effective through the examination of the performance of mixtures that have different aggregate gradation from typically available sources. The study was conducted in two parallel parts, Part I and Part II. Part I consisted of developing a design methodology for asphalt treated mixtures and conducting a laboratory testing program to characterize the behavior of the designed mixtures. Eight aggregate sources and two types of asphalt binders were considered in this part. Part I of this study also included conducting static as well as repeated load triaxial tests to characterize the performance of three unbound granular base materials. Furthermore, a parametric analysis was conducted using Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPGD) software to evaluate the benefits of in corporating the asphalt treated mixtures in the design of a pavement structure. In Part II four overlay rehabilitation projects were selected in Louisiana to evaluate the constructability and in-situ proprieties of the asphalt treated mixtures designed in Part I. The results of Part I showed that the asphalt treated mixtures containing limestone aggregates, LS I and LS II, had the best laboratory performance among all other mixtures designed in this study. Furthermore, their performance was similar to conventional base course hot mix asphalt (HMA) ones at high and intermediate temperatures. The results of the laboratory tests conducted in Part I also showed that the asphalt treated base mixtures have made significant improvements over unbound granular base materials in terms of stiffness and permanent deformation resistance. In addition, the MEPDG analysis showed asphalt treated mixtures can be used to extend the service life and/or reduce the design thickness of a pavement structure. The results of Part II of this study demonstrated that the asphalt treated mixtures can be successively produced in conventional HMA plants and constructed in the field. In addition, the in-situ test results showed that asphalt treated mixtures exhibited similar moduli to those of conventional HMA base course mixtures.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Binders
KW  - Deformation
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Overlays (Pavements)
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2013/FR_453.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1284790
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504057
AU  - Liang, Robert
AU  - Fan, Haijian
AU  - University of Akron
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Based Design Of Laterally Loaded Drilled Shafts
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 186p
AB  - Reliability-based design of deep foundations such as drilled shafts has been increasingly important due to the heightened awareness of the importance of risk management. The load and resistance factor design has been implemented by FHWA since 2007. Nevertheless, there are still many unsolved issues regarding the implementation of load and resistance factor design. In an attempt to address these issues, a performance-based design approach has been developed in which Monte Carlo simulation is employed to conduct reliability analysis. A series of computer codes were developed and validated. It was found that the spatial variability of soils is an important consideration in reliability analysis.
KW  - Caissons
KW  - Deep foundations
KW  - Lateral loads
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Performance based design
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Soils
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/871543454/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1280996
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504056
AU  - Liang, Robert Y
AU  - Li, Lin
AU  - University of Akron
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Probabilistic Analysis Algorithm for UA Slope Software Program
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 132p
AB  - A reliability-based computational algorithm for using a single row and equally spaced drilled shafts to stabilize an unstable slope has been developed in this research. The Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) technique was used in the previously developed deterministic computational program, in which the limiting equilibrium method of slices was modified to incorporate the arching effects of the drilled shafts in a slope. Uncertainties of soil parameters in the slope were considered by statistical descriptors, including mean, coefficient of variance (c.o.v.), and distribution function. Model errors of the semi-empirical predictive equation for the load transfer factor for characterizing the soil arching effects were considered by statistics of bias. A PC-based research grade program, UA Slope 3.0, was coded to allow for analysis of probability of failure and reliability index of a shaft/slope system. The illustrative example demonstrated that a single value of factor of safety chosen in the deterministic approach may not yield the desired level of reliability as uncertainties of soil parameters and model errors cannot be accounted for systematically. As an extension of this research, importance sampling technique (IST) on drilled shaft/slope system has been proposed to demonstrate its high efficiency, in which the importance function and design point are determined for the ordinary method of slices (OMS) with the accompanying load transfer factor. In addition, the design method of using multiple rows of drilled shaft was developed to stabilize a large slope, in which the design and optimization criteria were proposed to reach the target safety and the constructability while meeting the service limit requirement
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Drilled shafts
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - Probability
KW  - Slopes
KW  - Software
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/871344574/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1280997
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504017
AU  - Hooks, John
AU  - Frangopol, Dan M
AU  - Rutgers University, Piscataway
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - LTBP Bridge Performance Primer
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 68p
AB  - The performance of bridges is critical to the overall performance of the highway transportation system in the United States. However, many critical aspects of bridge performance are not well understood. The reasons for this include the extreme diversity of the bridge infrastructure, the widely varying conditions under which bridges serve, and the lack of reliable data needed to understand performance. The Long-Term Bridge Performance (LTBP) Program was created to identify, collect, and analyze research-quality data on the most critical aspects of bridge performance. This report describes the bridge infrastructure in the United States and explains why reliable indicators of bridge performance are necessary. Current methods of measuring performance are described, and the need for more precisely targeted performance indicators is discussed. The report explains bridge performance in terms of the aspects that have the most impact on the ability of the bridge to serve its intended purpose in a safe, efficient, and economical manner. The purpose of this report is to provide an understanding of what bridge performance means and the factors that influence bridge performance. It describes the various ways in which bridge owners measure and report bridge performance. It also describes how the LTBP Program will create new measures to allow deeper analysis and understanding, which will lead to ways to improve long-term bridge performance.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Long term performance
KW  - Long-Term Bridge Performance Program
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Structural health monitoring
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/ltbp/13051/13051.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51100/51152/13051.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1284794
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504012
AU  - Schneider, William H
AU  - Miller, Christopher
AU  - Holik, William A
AU  - Crow, Mallory
AU  - University of Akron, Ohio
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Epoke Bulk Spreader for Winter Maintenance
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 214p
AB  - In the current economic climate, it is imperative to maximize efficiency while minimizing costs. As a result, ODOT is evaluating new methods to reduce expenditures in their winter maintenance budget. One such evaluation is of the Epoke Bulk Spreader, which is a salt and brine spreader capable of applying material over multiple lanes in a single pass. A thorough evaluation of the Epoke must be conducted in order to determine the feasibility for implementation, including: the impact on level of service (LOS), material usage, and versatility of the equipment. To successfully evaluate the Epoke, several areas of data must be collected, including: weather, traffic, plow truck, tanker anti-icing, and summer herbicide spraying data. The data collection for this project occurred in the Boston Heights garage in Summit County. A salt savings of 12% was realized through the use of the Epoke, with the payback period occurring in year eight with salt prices at $40 per ton and 20,000 tons of salt used annually by the garage. However, savings with the tanker truck were overall negligible. The Epoke is found to reduce salt usage and labor times, while maintaining the level of service.
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Epoke
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Level of service
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Snow and ice control
KW  - Snowplows
KW  - Spreaders
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/874753594/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1280995
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502067
AU  - Moses, Ren
AU  - Mtoi, Enock
AU  - Ruegg, Steve
AU  - McBean, Heinrich
AU  - Florida A&M University - Florida State University
AU  - Parsons Brinckerhoff
AU  - Florida Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Speed Models for Improving Travel Forecasting and Highway Performance Evaluation
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 155p
AB  - Most travel forecasting models require the use of appropriate values of free flow speed and practical capacity as well as appropriate forms of volume delay functions and their calibrated parameters. One-year field data of hourly volumes and hourly speeds from permanent traffic count stations maintained by the Florida Department of Transportation were used to determine the prevailing free flow speeds and practical capacities of highway facilities categorized by area type and facility type. The area types were grouped as rural, urban, and residential while facilities were categorized as uninterrupted flow facilities or interrupted flow facilities. Field data of speed and volume were plotted and used to fit and calibrate four volume delay functions (VDFs) - that is, Modified Bureau of Public Roads (BPR), Modified Davidson, Akcelik and Conical functions. The calibrated VDFs were then tested into the Florida Standard Urban Transportation Modeling Structure (FSUTMS) using the Orlando Urban Area Transportation Study (OUATS) region. The results of free flow speed and practical capacity estimation produced values that were in line with those found in published literature, although capacity on rural freeway segments could not be estimated because of uncongested operations on those segments. Updating the FSUTMS SPEEDCAP lookup table is recommended. Although the testing of the volume delay functions on the OAUTS region revealed a reasonable match between estimated counts and field counts for Modified BPR and Modified Davidson volume delay functions, the results need to be validated further due to lack of permanent count stations in the test region.
KW  - Florida
KW  - Florida Standard Urban Transportation Modeling Structure
KW  - Highway capacity
KW  - Highway facilities
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Socioeconomic areas
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Traffic forecasting
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Traffic volume
UR  - http://www.fdot.gov/research/Completed_Proj/Summary_PL/FDOT-BDK83-977-14-rpt.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278965
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01502054
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Dwyer, Carmine E
AU  - Vavrik, William R
AU  - Becker, Rachel L
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating Pavement Markings on Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) and Various Asphalt Surfaces: Results of Year 1, 2, 3, and 4 Data Collection
PY  - 2013/12//Project Report
SP  - 130p
AB  - The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) uses a variety of different pavement marking  systems and has experienced a wide range of pavement marking performance. In an effort to  maximize marking performance and to optimize marking selection, IDOT initiated a research  project to evaluate the performance of all currently approved marking types to develop a pavement  marking selection guide based on performance results. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the performance of pavement markings on both portland cement concrete (PCC) and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) pavements over a period of four years. Field investigations were conducted to gather data on the durability and visibility of markings and the compatibility between markings and pavement materials. From the results of the study and a lifecycle cost analysis, Applied Research Associates (ARA) developed a pavement marking selection guide. Because the successful performance of a marking depends largely on controlling many variables during the installation of the marking, this guide includes pavement marking installation inspection methods for use by IDOT inspectors.
KW  - Durability
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Road marking materials
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Service life
KW  - Visibility
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45983
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279848
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502029
AU  - Jin, Peter J
AU  - Fagnant, Dan
AU  - Hall, Andrea
AU  - Walton, C M
AU  - Hockenyos, Jon
AU  - Krusee, Mike
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Developing Emerging Transportation Technologies in Texas
PY  - 2013/12//Technical Report
SP  - 67p
AB  - Texas’ 83rd Legislature charged Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) with examining and evaluating innovative transportation technologies for purposes of cost savings, reducing traffic congestion, enhancing safety, and increasing economic productivity. As a result, the Texas Transportation Task Force was formed encompassing a group of experts who discussed four groups of emerging transportation technologies including connected vehicles, autonomous  vehicles, electric systems, and cloud computing/crowdsourcing technologies. A report of findings is provided from the Task Force’s assessment of each of these technologies using a four-stage process. The first stage sought to understand technology development phases as each technology  progressed from prototyping to public road testing to initial deployment and commercialization. The second stage assessed current and near-term (2018) technology maturity development from the perspective of both TxDOT and potential consumers. While the first two stages focused on these technologies as stand-alone technologies, the final two stages provided an assessment of them as standalone and combined technologies to discover synergistic effects and potential benefits and new systems that could be enabled. The third stage evaluated how individual joint technologies could serve Texas’ statewide goals, and the fourth stage provided an evaluation of issues and concerns for each technology or joint technology as they progressed through development stages. Finally, the Task Force developed a preliminary short- and long-term vision for these technologies in Texas, which includes a menu of options for testing and implementation of new technologies.
KW  - Automated vehicle control
KW  - Cloud computing
KW  - Crowd sourcing
KW  - Electric vehicle charging
KW  - Electric vehicles
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - ITS program technologies
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Technology assessment
KW  - Testing
KW  - Texas
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-6803-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1280267
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01501564
AU  - Edara, Praveen
AU  - Sun, Carlos
AU  - Zhu, Zhongyuan (Eric)
AU  - University of Missouri, Columbia
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Calibration of Work Zone Impact Analysis Software for Missouri
PY  - 2013/12//Final Report
SP  - 33p
AB  - This project calibrated two software programs used for estimating the traffic impacts of work zones. The WZ Spreadsheet and VISSIM programs were recommended in a previous study by the authors. The two programs were calibrated using field data from two work zones in Missouri. Both work zones involved a single lane closure on a three-lane section of roadway. The I-44 work zone was a long-term work zone, while the I-70 work zone was temporary, lasting only a few hours. The capacity values required for calibration were nearly identical for the two programs: 1,575 veh/hr/ln for the WZ Spreadsheet and 1,514 veh/hr/ln for the VISSIM program. The VISSIM driving behavior parameters CC1, CC2, and SRF were also computed. The study found that a calibration based on delay or travel time exhibited better overall performance than a calibration based on queue length. In the future, additional case studies could be added to further calibrate the two models for different work zone lane configurations, such  as a one-lane closure on a two-lane segment or a two-lane closure on a three-lane segment.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Delays
KW  - Impacts
KW  - Lane closure
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Software
KW  - Spreadsheet (Computer model)
KW  - Traffic control
KW  - Traffic queue length
KW  - Travel time
KW  - VISSIM (Computer model)
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1306/cmr14-004.pdf
UR  - http://matc.unl.edu/assets/documents/matcfinal/Edara_EvaluationofWorkZoneSoftwareProgramsPhase2-ValidationUsingFieldData.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279603
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577842
TI  - Water Wetlands Vegetation Wildlife Habitat and Brownfields

AB  - Providing support to continue incorporating natural environment protection and enhancement into the transportation decision making process.

KW  - Brownfields
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Habitat (Ecology)
KW  - Vegetation
KW  - Wetlands
KW  - Wildlife
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371005
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547652
TI  - Benefit-Cost Methodologies for Evaluating Multimodal Freight Corridor Investments
AB  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21), enacted in July 2012, contains significant freight provisions, including the establishment of a national freight network with three components: (1) a primary freight network (PFN) as designated by the Secretary of Transportation; (2) any portions of the Interstate System not designated as part of the PFN; and (3) critical rural freight corridors. However, there are no accepted methodologies or modeling tools available to quantify the benefits and costs of alternative multimodal freight projects in multi-jurisdictional national corridors. For example, local communities often object to the noise, air pollution, or other negative aspects of trucks and trains as they pass through their neighborhoods with little local benefit, as contrasted with the potentially large benefits on national and regional economies from improved freight flows. There is often limited understanding of such factors as (1) how to appropriately calculate net benefits in the presence of interregional transfers and how to include national and regional perspectives; (2) proper inclusion and exclusion of categories of benefits and costs; (3) how to avoid double counting benefits and costs; (4) valuation of time, reliability, resilience, flexibility, risk, and externalities; (5) proper integration of freight demand forecasting in benefit-cost analysis; (6) the strategic responses of the myriad of decision makers in the supply chain; (7) how to incorporate both public and private perspectives in the same benefit-cost analysis; and (8) how to address equity and distributional issues. In addition, there is often confusion regarding the differences between economic impact analysis and benefit-cost analysis.  These and many other factors prevent decision makers from having complete and well-informed sets of alternatives and may lead to sub-optimal planning and investment decisions. Research is needed to develop robust decision support methods that can more comprehensively evaluate multimodal project packages in multi-jurisdictional freight corridors. The objective of this research is to develop a guidebook for practitioners for conducting benefit-cost analyses of proposed infrastructure investments on multimodal, multi-jurisdictional freight corridors to inform public and private decision makers and other stakeholders at local, state, regional, and national levels.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Freight traffic
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - Railroad trains
KW  - Supply chain management
KW  - Trucks
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3536
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335205
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543928
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-12. Methods and Practice on Reduction and Elimination of Asphalt Mix Segregation
AB  - Segregation in asphalt paving mixtures includes both physical and thermal segregation. It is one of the contributors to reduced pavement life of asphalt pavements because it triggers pavement distresses such as raveling, stripping, rutting, and cracking. There has been much research focused on segregation measurement, factors influencing segregation, and methods to reduce or eliminate segregation. Due to the different causes and time stages of segregation, there are a large number of techniques and methods to identify and measure segregation. For example, National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 441 and other recent research discusses lab and field test results in measurement of gradation segregation and temperature induced segregation using visual identification, sand patch testing, nuclear density gauges, thermal bar, etc. The scope of this synthesis study will cover practices on reduction and elimination of asphalt segregation. Results will benefit government agencies, research, and the asphalt industry in providing guidance on successful practices for identifying and eliminating segregation during aggregate production, stock piling, as well as plant, transportation, and paving operations. It is hoped that these practices can be incorporated into highway specifications for measuring and accepting quality asphalt pavements. The synthesis will survey state and local departments of transportation (DOTs), Canadian ministries of transportation and other public agencies. International agencies' experience will be reviewed as available. From the results of the survey, 3 to 5 agencies from varying climatic regions will be selected and case examples of their practices will be developed. Lessons learned and gaps in information will also be covered.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Cracking
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Rutting
KW  - Segregation (Aggregates)
KW  - Service life
KW  - Stripping (Pavements)
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3589
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332086
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577982
TI  - B&S-1- Comprehensive Program for Implementation of Multi-hazard Resistant Design

AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Earthquake resistant design
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Resistance (Mechanics)
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1371347
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01573308
TI  - Assessing Roadway Traffic Count Duration and Frequency Impacts on AADT Estimations
AB  - The objectives of this research project are to gain a quantitative understanding on: (1) How various short term traffic count durations affect and relate to estimated annual average daily traffic (AADT) as compared with long term continuous counting program estimations. The ultimate goal is to enable the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to provide the most feasible and technically sound guidance to States and other agencies on this issue. (2) How missing data from long term traffic monitoring data affects the AADT estimation and establish the critical threshold in terms of data usability. In other words, how much data can be missing and what type of data patterns missing can be tolerated in AADT estimation without any special consideration such these steps used in converting short term counts to AADT. (3) Traffic monitoring methods from a given segment on an annual basis with a 24 hour traffic count program (counted on a frequency of every year) vs. monitoring the same segment on a once every three year (with every 2nd and 3rd year factored to bring them to current year) basis but with a minimum 48 or 72 hour hour count and how these three different methods can effect AADT data on an annual basis.
KW  - Annual average daily traffic
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Time duration
KW  - Traffic counts
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Traffic estimation
KW  - Traffic surveillance
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/534
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1366532
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01566822
TI  - Mid-America Freight Coalition-II
AB  - The Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) is seeking to lead a pooled fund that will produce freight research results, state freight development and multi-state coordination, and increase awareness of the importance of freight transportation. Ultimately, the results of the Mid-America Freight Coalition (MAFC) activities will support and develop the economic well-being of the industries, businesses, farms, and the people of the region by keeping their products flowing to markets reliably, safely, and efficiently. Products of the first generation of the MAFC include five freight transportation conferences with educational workshops and freight innovation components, the development of a regional freight policy response for two transportation authorization cycles, and completed projects in the areas of freight planning, truck parking, freight bottlenecks, commodity profiles, and freight performance measures. The MAFC's current efforts are focused on completing a regional freight study, and analyzing and responding to the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Centurty Act (MAP-21) freight initiatives while supporting the states in their response and adoption of MAP-21 components. Participation in this pooled fund presents an opportunity for agencies to support research on freight and economic development issues specific to the needs of Departments of Transportation (DOTs), advance regional freight coordination, and ultimately allow for the quick implementation of research and development efforts. Using the MAFC as a foundation, partner agencies will be able to take advantage of a wide range of expertise in truck, rail, waterway, air, and multimodal freight planning, research, management, and operations to assess and answer their regional freight research needs.
KW  - Bottlenecks
KW  - Commodities
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Mid-America Freight Coalition
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Policy making
KW  - Regional transportation
KW  - Wisconsin
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/535
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1358539
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01546294
TI  - Design and Analysis Procedures for Asphalt Mixtures Containing High-RAP Contents and/or RAS
AB  - Research should be undertaken to (1) establish mechanistic test criteria for asphalt mixtures (warm and hot) containing high-reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) content and/or reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS); and (2) propose asphalt mixture specifications that incorporate the mechanistic test criteria based on the results of the study.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Asphalt shingles
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
KW  - Recycled materials
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/536
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333176
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547232
TI  - Legal Problems Arising Out of Highway Programs. Topic 20-02. Liability of Design Builder
AB  - Design-build is generally seen as providing a means to accelerate a project by providing a single point of responsibility for design, construction and related claims. A design-build contracting team typically handles and/or prevents constructions claims based on defective design that arise during and even after construction has been completed.  The design-build concept prevents the contractor from disclaiming liability for defects in the project discovered after project completion and acceptance. Design-build procedures can also impact the acquisition of right of way needed for a project and research is needed as to how these procedures impact right way acquisitions.  For instance, property may be acquired based on an initial design.  The property is later not needed due to design changes during construction.  Additional situations impacting right of way acquisitions may be discovered in this research project. Research is also needed about whether liability for design, construction or acquisition damages is always transferred to the design-builder.  Transfer of liability depends on relevant statutes and case law, and is also affected by the level of design performed by the agency prior to award of a design-build contract, the terms and conditions of the contract, and the actions of the parties during the course of design and construction.  Information on the underlying legal rules affecting transfer of liability will be a useful tool for transportation agencies that are planning design-build procurements, drafting procurement and contract documents, administering contracts and litigating tort, construction and acquisition claims. The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) Discuss case law relevant to design liability, particularly in design-build contracts, including the extent to which a high level of pre-contract design and a high level of discretion regarding design decisions or project acceptance may affect an agency's ability to transfer design liability; (2) Provide examples of contract language relevant to design liability (including performance standards, indemnification provisions, insurance requirements, warranties, disclaimers regarding design furnished by the project owner and language making it clear that approval of the design by the owner does not affect the design-builder's liability); (3) Provide information about the state laws relevant to liability and indemnity for design-build projects, including laws regarding design immunity and statutes of limitation and repose; and (4) Address the extent to which design-build procedures and deadlines, including design changes, impact the acquisition of right of way and condemnation proceedings.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Contracting
KW  - Design build
KW  - Legal documents
KW  - Liability
KW  - Right of way (Land)
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3763
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334213
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560086
AU  - Herman, David
AU  - Brohard, Andrew
AU  - Burns, Matthew
AU  - Zink, Gregory
AU  - Timcho, Thomas
AU  - Battelle
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - System Design and Architecture for the IDTO Prototype – Phase I Demonstration Site (Columbus)
PY  - 2013/11/19/Final Report
SP  - 92p
AB  - This report documents the System Design and Architecture for the Phase I implementation of the Integrated Dynamic Transit Operations (IDTO) Prototype bundle within the Dynamic Mobility Applications (DMA) portion of the Connected Vehicle Program.
KW  - Bus transit operations
KW  - Columbus (Ohio)
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Integrated Dynamic Transit Operations (IDTO)
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Prototypes
KW  - System architecture
KW  - System design
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54474/FHWA-JPO-14-167_System_Design_and_Architecture_for_the_IDTO_Prototype_Ph_I.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344672
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01598402
AU  - McGormley, J C
AU  - Rende, N S
AU  - Krauss, P D
AU  - Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Nondestructive Evaluation and Assessment of Concrete Barriers for Defects and Corrosion
PY  - 2013/11/15/Final Report
SP  - 131p
AB  - Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. (WJE) evaluated potential nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methodologies that may be effective in 1) identifying internal defects within slip formed concrete barriers and 2) assessing the corrosion condition of barrier dowel bars. The evaluation was requested by the Bridge Maintenance and Inspection Unit of the Iowa Department of Transportation (IaDOT) and the Bureau of Bridges and Structures of the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). The need arose due to instances in each Department’s existing inventory of bridge barriers where internal voids and other defects associated with slip forming construction methods were attributed to poor barrier performance after completion of construction and where, in other barrier walls, unintentional exposure of the dowel bars revealed extensive corrosion-related section loss at previously uninspectable locations, reducing the capacity of the barriers to resist traffic impact loads. WJE trial tested potential NDE techniques on laboratory mock-up samples built with known defects, trial sections of cast-in-place barriers at in-service bridges in Iowa, and slip formed and cast-in-place barrier walls at in-service bridges in Illinois. The work included review of available studies performed by others, field trial testing to assess candidate test methods, verification of the test methods in identifying internal anomalies and dowel bar corrosion, and preparation of this report and nondestructive evaluation guidelines.
KW  - Barriers (Roads)
KW  - Concrete structures
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Defects
KW  - Dowels (Fasteners)
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Iowa
KW  - Nondestructive tests
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/id/eprint/21968
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1405316
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01548813
TI  - Forensic Testing of a Double Tee Bridge
AB  - Many departments of transportation (DOTs) have aging bridges that have been in their inventory that they are responsible for maintenance and replacement.  Furthermore, many of the older bridges have exceeded the design life.  To complicate the issue, design plans for many of the older bridges simply do not exist and make the need of replacement even more pressing due to the uncertainty of the bridge.  However, replacement is difficult do to limited budgets and excessive needs.  As such, DOTs do not have the experience or data to draw upon to decide whether the bridges need to be replaced.  A unique opportunity to test a full scale double tee concrete bridge that was one of the first prestressed bridges built in the state of Utah has become available.  Very little information exists on double tee bridge girders that have been in service for an extended period of time.  The information gained from testing this bridge will provide valuable data on the performance of double tee concrete bridges that have been subjected to severe corrosion and quantify their flexure and shear capacities.  This data will help Department of Transportation agencies make better informed maintenance decisions.
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Double tee beams
KW  - Inventory
KW  - Replacement (Bridges)
KW  - Service life
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://cait.rutgers.edu/cait/research/forensic-testing-double-tee-bridge
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1336285
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01500126
AU  - Teng, S Gary
AU  - Lim, Churlzu
AU  - Bruton, M Chad
AU  - Chenette, Joseph
AU  - Dabholkar, Shweta
AU  - Lu, Yiping
AU  - University of North Carolina, Charlotte
AU  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Development of Funding Project Risk Management Tools
PY  - 2013/11/05/Final Report
SP  - 123p
AB  - Funding project risk management is a process for identifying, assessing, and prioritizing project funding risks. To plan to minimize or eliminate the impact of negative events, one must identify what projects have higher risk to respond to potential project delays due to funding issues quickly. Funding project risk management becomes essential for North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) as part of Executive Management’s decision-making processes.   The objectives of this research project are to (1) investigate current risk management and funding risk management business processes and practices in transportation areas, (2) analyze project risk management and funding risk management practices in departments of transportation (DOTs) of other states, (3) analyze best practices in the other states, especially California Department of Transportation’s practices, and appraise the potentials for possible implementation, and (4) develop a funding project risk management tool to assist NCDOT staff members for better decision-making in budget/cash management, funding risk management, and project management under frequent funding change environment. In this project, the research team investigated current risk management and funding risk management processes, and evaluated the best practices among DOTs in the United States. An in-depth study has been conducted to appraise the potentials for possible implementation of the best practices. A funding project risk management tool, funding risk register, has been developed with optimization and simulation capability. This register can produce a potential adjustment of the project let schedule under 15 preset funding change scenarios as well as a user-specified funding change, which can help NCDOT staff members and Executive Management Leaders to make better decisions in budget management, cash management, and project management.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Budgeting
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Financing
KW  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Project management
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Simulation
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/preconstruct/tpb/research/download/2012-06finalreport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278428
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545072
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-13. Maintenance Quality Assurance Field Inspection Practices
AB  - Maintenance Quality Assurance (MQA) is a business practice that has increasingly been adopted by the maintenance professionals of many state transportation agencies, toll highway authorities, private sector road maintainers and various counties and cities since the 1990s. MQA programs are performance- and outcome-based programs that help measure and report on the condition of highway assets, linking results to budgets and providing managers with program measurements. Performance standards and goals of these programs vary based on state geography, population, and customer expectations.  Key to this topic, National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) published a Maintenance Quality Assurance Program Implementation Manual (NCHRP Report 422) in 1999. Since then, various efforts have been made to bring state agencies together to investigate current practices related to MQA; including national peer exchanges in 2004 and 2008, and a U.S. Domestic Scan (10-03) in 2011 entitled: "Current Practices in Performance Measuring for Highway Maintenance and Preservation." This synthesis will build upon the information shared through those activities.  The objective of this synthesis is to document current practices of MQA programs and MQA inspection processes that are administered within the maintenance organization of state transportation agencies. The information will be beneficial to transportation agencies that are considering implementing a new maintenance inspection regimen or revising existing practices.  Information documented by this synthesis will include, but is not limited to, the following: (1) Scope of the agency's MQA program (e.g., when implemented, program objectives, assets assessed, assessment criteria); (2) Inspection process (e.g. frequency, in-house or outsourced personnel, training, sample size, data collection methodology); (3) Quality assurance for MQA data (e.g., process, outcomes, data quality and consistency); (4) Use of MQA data (e.g., analysis, business decisions, access, communication, budget, maintenance contract compliance, performance standards); (5) New initiatives and technologies agencies are considering to improve their MQA programs; and (6) Rationale and motivation related to MQA development and implementation will be explored in follow-up interviews and case examples developed for the synthesis.  Information will be gathered by literature review, survey of state departments of transportation (directed to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Highway Subcommittee on Maintenance), and follow up interviews for selected case examples.
KW  - Business practices
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Inspection
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3590
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332526
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545071
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-11. Economic and Development Implications of Transportation Disinvestment
AB  - Federal, state and local governments are confronting the daily reality of deciding which elements of the nation's transportation infrastructure network will be triaged as maintenance and investment budgets are shrinking and cuts must be made. Adverse economic consequences will result from a sub-optimally maintained transportation system. Yet, decision makers recognize that moving people and goods with as little delay as possible improves quality of life, reduces travel costs, sustains economic growth through improved accessibility to jobs and reduced costs to firms and reduces the negative environmental impacts of travel. This study will focus on macroeconomic effects, intermodal tradeoffs, and methods for broadly informing disinvestment decision-making in an era of constrained resources. For the purposes of this study, "disinvestment" includes government action or inaction resulting in expenditures that are less than needed and, therefore, decrease the condition and level of service of affected transportation systems.  The critical deferred needs of state and local transportation systems have been well-documented. While the economic impacts of investing in transportation systems have been extensively studied and have generally been found to be positive, the impacts of disinvestment have not been widely studied.  Given the complex interplay of transportation systems within and between metro and non-metro economies it is difficult to determine how disinvestment affects linkages to key nodal points and capacities of different facets of the transport system. Therefore, it is difficult to assess disinvestment impacts on national and regional economic growth, the distribution of income, and social and environmental sustainability. Moreover, it is not clear that transportation analytical techniques currently being used can ascertain the effects of disinvestment. In an era of constrained resources, decision makers would benefit from new perspectives, new data, and analytical tools to assess the impact of disinvestment in the transport network on growth, business formation and job creation.  Work to be performed for this study includes addressing the following topics: (1) Existing and potential data sources to aid in identifying the effects of disinvestment; (2) Methods available to estimate disinvestment effects on transportation system integrity within and across modes in urban areas, regionally, and in non-metro areas, e.g.; (2a) benefit - cost analysis; (2b) economic impact analysis; (2c) travel demand modeling; (2d) network modeling; (2e) freight modeling; (3) Studies and practices that have examined / applied transportation disinvestment scenarios (actual or hypothetical); (4) Summarize the available studies to determine if they provide the strategies, methodologies, and tools needed to assess the impacts of disinvestment decisions. In addition, assess whether these study practices offer analytic techniques to minimize the repercussions on economic growth, and optimize outcomes. This should include a range of outcomes , such as: (4a) network effects; (4b) regional growth; (4c) distribution of income; (4d) access and connectivity; (4e) social and environmental sustainability; and 4f) other measures; and (5) New data and modeling techniques needed to assess disinvestment impacts, including strategies and tools to integrate economic analysis with asset management, risk analysis, long range planning, and programming.  Information will be gathered through a literature review and a survey of state transportation agencies, which may identify local agencies that have assessed disinvestments. The survey will go to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Subcommittee on Transportation Finance Policy (chaired by Michael Bridges). The report will include at least 6 case examples across various modes (including multi-modal) from state departments of transportation (DOTs) and regional agencies.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Disinvestments
KW  - Economic impacts
KW  - Financing
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Risk analysis
KW  - Sustainable development
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3588
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332525
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543927
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-09. Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity Contracting Effective Practices
AB  - Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contracting mechanisms (also called job order contracting, master contracts, push-button contracts and other terms) are being used by some state departments of transportation (DOTs) to rapidly mobilize highway contractors and architectural and engineering (A/E) consultant services. IDIQ contracting gives DOTs the ability to award contracts for needed infrastructure without the need to pass through the traditional procurement process for every project. The federal sector has used IDIQ contracting successfully since the mid-1980s. At least ten state DOTs use IDIQ contracting to furnish design, construction, and maintenance services.  The objectives of this synthesis are: (1) To document IDIQ contracting mechanisms and different terminology used by transportation agencies; (2) To benchmark the state-of-the-practice in the use of IDIQ contracts by state and federal transportation agencies for highway design, construction, and maintenance projects; (3) To identify practices in advertising and awarding IDIQ contracts; (4) To identify and document procurement procedures and contract terms and conditions shown to be successful in developing IDIQ bid packages or requests for proposal (RFPs); (5) To synthesize current IDIQ contract pricing methods and identify risk management issues for consultants and contractors; (6) To identify and document procedures and processes that support transparency and objectivity in the IDIQ award process; (7) To identify and document effective IDIQ contract administration, quality assurance, and close-out practices; (8) Briefly summarize how other non-transportation public agencies utilize IDIQ contracting; and (9) To document state regulatory authority and/or restrictions for IDIQ procurement for construction and design-build projects.  Information will be gathered by literature review, survey of state transportation agencies, and follow up interviews. The work plan will include a survey methodology to ensure an 80 percent response rate from state transportation agencies. The consultant will conduct interviews with selected members of the design and construction industry to get their perspective on risks associated with IDIQ contracts. The report will include practical examples of existing IDIQ programs and industry outreach efforts.
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Contracting
KW  - Design build
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway maintenance
KW  - Project delivery
KW  - Road construction
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3586
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332085
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543885
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-16. Alliance Contracting--Evolving Alternative Project Delivery
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Transportation Construction Management Steering Group is an outgrowth of the 2004 Construction Management International SCAN. Its purpose is to disseminate information on procedures and processes to improve construction management. It has been very active in collecting, synthesizing and disseminating effective practices on alternative project delivery methods such as design-build (DB), construction manager/general contractor (CMGC), and public private partnerships (P3). One visible result of the group's success is the inclusion of DB and CMGC in both FHWA Every Day Counts initiatives. A number of the agencies that have implemented integrated delivery methods expressed an interest at the EDC 2012 Summits in learning more about project delivery using "Alliancing" a method uncovered in the 2005 CM and the 2009 P3 International SCAN reports. At this point, there appears to be no US public sector experience with alliance contracting. Hence, a synthesis that provides the fundamental information on this potential project delivery method is needed to allow transportation agencies to determine whether or not this highly collaborative approach is right for their capital improvement programs. The objectives of this synthesis are to: (1) Describe the state-of-the-practice in the use of Alliance contracts for transportation design, construction, and maintenance projects in use outside the United States (US0; (2) Identify the key elements and commercial terms of an Alliance contracting framework, including advertising, procuring, and awarding; (3) Identify procurement procedures that demonstrate competition among the highly qualified firms; (4) Synthesize current Alliance contract pricing methods, including establishing the target price, team compensation, and cash flow; (5) Identify and document procedures and processes that support transparency and objectivity in the Alliance award process; (6) Identify legal, political and cultural impediments, at both U.S. state and federal levels; (7) Identify and document effective Alliance contract administration, quality assurance, and close-out practices; (8) Portray known benefits and challenges of Alliancing (9) Identify outreach and education efforts that were used successfully by transportation agencies in implementing Alliance contracts for transportation projects; (10) Identify types of projects or programs that fit the Alliance model; (11) Identify research needs, based on gaps in knowledge; (12) Gather illustrative contract documents. Information will be gathered from primary and secondary sources, as needed. Information for this study will be gathered from international and US private sector (including vertical IPD) experience. The synthesis will present a sufficient number of cases to portray the advantages and disadvantages of successful and unsuccessful Alliancing, including information on the objective above.
KW  - Competition
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Design build
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - Public private partnerships
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Strategic alliances
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3598
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332033
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543753
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-01. Service Life of Culverts
AB  - This study will update Synthesis 254, Service Life of Drainage Pipe (1996), which in turn updated National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 50, Durability of Drainage Pipe (1978). The culvert industry and research community has produced in the last 15 years significant developments in plastic pipe, fiber-reinforced concrete pipe, polymeric-coated metal pipe, recycled materials, larger and more diverse structures, and sophisticated analytical soil-structure interaction modeling. As such, there is a growing need for a new study of the service life of culverts. For the purposes of this study, service life is the time duration during which a culvert is expected to provide the desired function with a specified level of maintenance established at the design or retrofit stage.  The selection of alternate culvert or materials for a particular site is based on the material's ability to satisfy the requirements of five selection criteria: (1) Structural design, (2) Hydraulic design, (3) Environmental and site considerations, (4) Joint performance, and (5) Service life (durability).  Significant published works provide guidance for the first three criteria and NCHRP Project 15-38 and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) 20-07 Task 347 address joint performance. Service life is the remaining criterion that will be addressed by this synthesis study. No consensus exists among the state departments of transportation (DOTs) on the definition of service life and/or the required time frame of service. Predictive models are often parameterized to specific geographic and environmental considerations. Design service lives range from 15 to 100 years based most often on site conditions, traffic volume, or functional classification of roadways. Material service life models developed for different pipe materials are inconsistent and do not relate to limit state (failure mode) or service distresses adversely affecting both structural and hydraulic performance, including cold-weather induced distresses.  The following information will be gathered and synthesized: (1) The required service life for the culvert in varying conditions, including the basis for determining the service life (e.g. average daily traffic (ADT), accessibility, cost of future repair) and any additional design parameters based on the service life. (e.g. oversizing for slip-lining). This will include considerations of maintenance. (2) The conditions constituting the end of useful service life for various culvert installations, including but not limited to materials, soil/backfill properties, hydraulic performance, and appurtenances. (3) The time for a particular material to reach the end of its useful service life, and (4) Information on the how the following are correlated and/or implemented-  a. Material service life, and b. Culvert failure limit states  This synthesis final report will do the following: (1) Update NCHRP Synthesis 254, Service Life of Drainage Pipe; (2) Build upon the significant start of AASHTO 20-07 Task 264, Guidance for Design and Selection of Pipes; (3) Review AASHTO/DOT, TRB/NCRHP, industry, and other published literature for methodologies used to establish service life and material service life; (4) Provide definitions of the end of useful service life for culvert materials in a rational and implementable form; (5) Provide a catalog of models for determining service life of culvert materials; (6) Provide an example of how the material in the report might be used to predict service life of a hypothetical culvert selection; and (7) Identify gaps in knowledge and future research needs, which may include preparation of a formal NCHRP research problem statement.  Information will be gathered by literature review and survey of state transportation agencies, including Canadian provinces.(See NCHRP 10-86 for possible survey recipients). An initial screening survey will be sent to the AASHTO Highway Subcommittee on Maintenance to determine who are the most appropriate recipients (100% response is required).
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Design
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - Materials
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3578
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331860
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547298
TI  - Assessing, Coding, and Marking of Highway Structures in Emergency Situations
AB  - Several state department of transportation (DOTs) have adopted processes for assessing, coding, and marking of highway structures in the event of emergencies resulting from natural or man-made disasters. However, these processes do not provide a uniform means for conducting these assessments or a common form of coding and marking. Also, these processes do not generally address the different highway structure types or the ranges of traffic levels. In addition, many of these processes do not explicitly consider the practices of other organizations that often respond to such emergencies with assistance. These issues tend to impede the effectiveness of involved organizations in dealing with these situations and may lead to undesirable consequences. Assessing, coding, and marking highway structures are necessary for ensuring safety in the event of emergencies. However, there is a need for employing uniform processes for conducting these assessments and guidelines for coding and marking. A widely accepted process is not currently available; research is needed to develop a process for assessing highway structures and guidelines for related coding and marking that can be recognized and adopted by highway agencies and all other organizations that respond to such emergencies. This information will help highway agencies and these organizations deal more effectively with the situation and provide a safer condition for the public. The objective of this research is to develop (a) a process for assessing highway structures in emergency situations, (b) guidelines for coding and marking, and (c) selected training and implementation material. These materials shall be prepared in a format that facilitates acceptance and adoption by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) and organizations generally responding to emergency situations affecting highway structures.
KW  - Coding systems
KW  - Disasters
KW  - Emergencies
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Hazard markings
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Training
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3411
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334414
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611987
AU  - Hatami, Kianoosh
AU  - Mahmood, Tahsina
AU  - Pereira-Villarroel, Juan
AU  - University of Oklahoma, Norman
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Field Verification of Geogrid Properties for Base Course Reinforcement Applications
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 215p
AB  - The proposed field study is a continuation of a recently concluded, Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT)-funded project titled:  Development of ODOT Guidelines for the Use of Geogrids in Aggregate Bases, which is aimed at addressing the need for improved guidelines for base reinforcement applications. One important objective of this long-term study is to develop a correlation between the index properties of geogrids and their field performance for base reinforcement applications. The index properties that will be studied include the junction strength, low-strain rib strength (i.e. strength at 2%-strain and 5%-strain) and the ultimate rib strength of selected geogrids. The project will involve the selection of a full-depth roadway construction project authorized by ODOT. During the construction of the road subgrade, one test section will be used to examine and compare the performance of selected base course reinforcement geogrid products. The field performance of different geogrids will be monitored using different instruments and monitoring techniques and compared with one another as a function of their index properties. Selected instruments include Earth Pressure Cells (EPC) to measure the stress on the subgrade underneath the geogrid, pore pressure transducers to measure the pore pressure in the subgrade and strain gauges to measure the tensile strength of the different geosynthetics. The results of this study will help ODOT to develop an improved and expanded set of materials specification guidelines for the use of geogrids in aggregate base reinforcement applications. The outcome of this study will help ODOT and other transportation agencies in the U.S. develop more durable and economical aggregate base designs which will result in longer service life and reduced maintenance costs for the roadways in Oklahoma and across the United States.
KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Base course (Pavements)
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Geogrids
KW  - Geosynthetics
KW  - Laboratory studies
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Strength of materials
KW  - Subgrade (Pavements)
KW  - Test sections
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423510
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01608541
AU  - Olek, Jan
AU  - Janusz, Anna
AU  - Jain, Jitendra
AU  - Ashraf, Warda
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Investigation of Anti‐Icing Chemicals and Their Interactions with Pavement Concretes
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 62p
AB  - The interactions of concrete specimens (both plain and with fly ash addition) with six different deicers was investigated by exposing them to solutions of sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and the combinations of: sodium chloride with magnesium chloride (NaCl + MgCl2), sodium chloride with calcium chloride (NaCl + CaCl2), sodium chloride with agricultural by product – Ice Ban® (NaCl + Ice Ban®). In addition, control group of specimens was exposed to the deionized water. The exposures consisted of wet/dry (W/D) and freeze/thaw (F/T) cycles as well as a continuous storage in lime water at 23°C. The effects of various exposure conditions were evaluated based on the changes in the following: relative dynamic modulus of elasticity (RDME), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), mass of specimens, length of specimens, mass of scaled material and compressive strength. In addition, absorption and chloride penetration measurements were performed for specimens exposed to various deicers at room temperature of 23°C. Finally, the qualitative visual evaluation of the appearance of the samples was also performed along with documentation of microstructural changes using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among the deicer/anti‐icers tested, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride solutions caused comparatively higher degree of deterioration than other solutions. Although the ultimate extent of visual degradation of the specimens exposed to both of these deicers was very comparable, the onset of the degradation process in specimens exposed to magnesium chloride was significantly delayed when compared to the onset of deterioration of specimens exposed to calcium chloride. The best performance (least amount of damage) was observed for specimens exposed to sodium chloride solutions followed by the specimens exposed to the combination of sodium chloride with magnesium chloride and sodium chloride with calcium chloride. The test results indicate that F/T exposure conditions are much more severe than W/D regimes, even though the concentrations of deicers/anti‐icers used for F/T cycles were about 50% lower than those used for W/D cycles. Moreover, the addition of fly ash has a positive influence on performance of the concrete regardless of the type of the exposure regime.
KW  - Chloride content
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Deicing chemicals
KW  - Deterioration
KW  - Dynamic modulus of elasticity
KW  - Fly ash
KW  - Freeze thaw tests
KW  - Microstructure
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315226
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1420029
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01603521
AU  - Nowak, Christopher A
AU  - State University of New York, Syracuse
AU  - New York State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Testing the Efficacy of Alternatives to Herbicides in Controlling Undesirable Plants on NYSDOT Roadside Rights-of-Way
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 63p
AB  - An emphasis of vegetation management on rights-of-way is to minimize environmental impact. For many people this means excluding the use of chemicals to kill and control vegetation, particularly synthesized products of chemicals that normally do not occur in nature (i.e., are artificial). An important part of Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM) is to research and demonstrate local effects of treatments, even those that include chemicals that may not work. A field trial of natural herbicides – which are perceived as chemicals that are acceptable to a broad spectrum of stakeholders – was conducted on New York State Department of Transportation roadside rights-of-way (ROWs) in 2010-2012. Randomized complete block experiments were established across New York State to test Burnout II (citric acid and clove oil active), C-Cide (citric acid), EcoEXEMPT HC (2-Phenethyl proprionate and clove oil), Finale (glufosinate ammonium), and Scythe (pelargonic acid). Percent kill of undesirable plants generally ranged from near zero to nearly 100% across the different natural herbicide treatments, and was related to the mode of action – herbicides that were contact-only in action resulted in the least degree of kill and control, whereas systemic herbicides were generally efficacious and effective. Costs of natural herbicide treatments were determined to be orders of magnitude greater than conventional herbicides. Despite low effectiveness and high dollar costs, it is important to have natural herbicides for use in select situations. Information on cost effectiveness allows ROW vegetation managers an opportunity to better understand and explain the ramifications of using natural herbicides.
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Herbicides
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Right of way (Land)
KW  - Roadside flora
KW  - Vegetation control
UR  - https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-06-24%20TASK%203%20%201%20%20NYSDOT%20NATURAL%20HERBICIDES%20FIELD%20TESTS.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1411107
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01596741
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2013 Traffic Incident Management National Analysis Report: Executive Summary
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - 17p
AB  - The Traffic Incident Management Self-Assessment (TIM SA) was developed by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) as a benchmarking tool for evaluating TIM program components and overall TIM program success. Development of the TIM SA was initiated in 2002 and the first assessments were conducted in 2003. The TIM SA serves several functions. Through the TIM SA, state and local TIM program managers are able to assess progress and identify areas for improvement at state and local levels. Similarly, analysis of the aggregated TIM SA results allows FHWA to identify program gaps and better target TIM program resources. A total of 93 locations completed a TIM SA for inclusion in the 2013 national analysis. The 34 scored questions contained within the TIM SA were grouped into three sections: Strategic, Tactical and Support. The questions in the Strategic section asked respondents to rate progress in how the TIM program is organized, resourced, supported, and sustained. The questions in the Tactical section focused on the policies and procedures used by TIM professionals when responding to incidents. The questions in the Support section focused on the tools and technologies enabling improved incident detection, response, and clearance.
KW  - Benchmarks
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Traffic incidents
KW  - United States
UR  - http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/eto_tim_pse/docs/timsa13/tim_sa_2013_es.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1403383
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01545305
AU  - Sullivan, Jim
AU  - Dowds, Jonathan
AU  - Aultman-Hall, Lisa
AU  - University of Vermont, Burlington
AU  - Vermont Agency of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Passenger Vehicle Idling in Vermont - Year 1 Report
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - 51p
AB  - This report includes the results and description of Year 1 of this project. The overall goal of the project is to add greater understanding to the potential for reductions in fuel use and emissions that could result from a reduction or elimination of discretionary idling in Vermont. The Year 1 study was primarily intended to pilot-test the in-vehicle equipment and data collection as well as a comprehensive analysis method for assessing driver idling behavior for Vermont drivers. The scope of Year 1 included the collection and analysis of second-by-second data on the driving behavior of 20 randomly selected drivers in Vermont, for a pilot-scale application of new methods to distinguish between discretionary and nondiscretionary idling by passenger vehicles (PVs) in Vermont. By collecting data in summer and winter, the project team developed an initial understanding of the seasonal differences in idling behavior during this project phase. A more in-depth understanding of the spatial and demographic differences in idling behavior throughout the state is expected to follow in Year 2, along with an estimate of total fuel used and carbon emitted from discretionary idling by Vermont drivers.
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Engine idling
KW  - Fuel consumption
KW  - Passenger vehicles
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Seasons
KW  - Vermont
UR  - http://vtransplanning.vermont.gov/sites/aot_program_development/files/documents/materialsandresearch/completedprojects/2013%20-%2008%20Passenger%20Vehicle%20Idling%20in%20Vermont%20-%20Year%201%20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331824
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544689
AU  - Saito, Mitsuru
AU  - Schultz, Grant G
AU  - Chau, Elizabeth Jarc-Sum
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating the Feasibility of Incorporating Mobility-Based Work Zone Traffic Control Performance Measures in Highway Construction Project Specifications: Volume I. Feasibility of Continuous Monitoring of Performance Measures
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 155p
AB  - Utah Department of Transportation desired to investigate the feasibility of implementing mobility-based  performance specifications for highway construction projects. Multiple methods for gathering information on this topic were used, including a literature search, interviews, and an online survey. The literature review examined mobility-based performance measures; mobility-based performance specifications; and seven technologies: automatic license plate recognition, Bluetooth, magnetic sensors, automatic vehicle identification, microwave radar, cellular phones, and global positioning systems. Current practices concerning implementation of mobility-based performance specifications were investigated on 7800 South and Bangerter Highway projects in West Jordan, Utah, for example. An online survey was developed and distributed to representatives of 50 state transportation agencies (STAs) in the United States to collect information on current practices of incentive/disincentive specifications and mobility-based performance specifications for highway construction contracts. The survey showed that three STAs (South Carolina,  Pennsylvania, and Wyoming) have considered investigating the practice of mobility-based performance  specifications in highway construction projects. Overall, the study found that the current technology is capable of continuously collecting mobility data necessary for implementing mobility-based performance specifications in highway construction projects. While this type of specification is found to be feasible to implement, it is important to understand that a large amount of data will be collected and extra personnel are needed to monitor and execute the mobility-based performance specifications.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Disincentives
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Incentives
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Transportation departments
KW  - Utah
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - https://www.udot.utah.gov/public/ucon/uconowner.gf?n=11525105599285611
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331667
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01544520
AU  - Saito, Mitsuru
AU  - Schultz, Grant G
AU  - Larson, Shawn J
AU  - Brigham Young University
AU  - Utah Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluating the Feasibility of Incorporating Mobility-Based Work Zone Traffic Control Performance Measures in Highway Construction Project Specifications: Volume II. Developing Guidelines for Mobility-Based Performance Specificaitons
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 105p
AB  - Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) funded a study to develop guidelines for implementing mobility-based performance specifications to manage traffic flow in work zones. The core idea of using mobility-based performance specifications is that they can give the contractor more flexibility in construction work scheduling and maintaining an acceptable level of traffic flow. If the level of traffic flow is not maintained, the contractor is assessed a financial penalty. This is the basic concept of mobility-based performance specifications. The penalty is determined by the amount of time where the flow is not maintained at a predetermined condition. To discuss issues of and develop guidelines for implementing mobility-based performance specifications a task force consisting of UDOT representatives, several  representatives from the construction industry and researchers from Brigham Young University was formed. Through task force meetings a set of 12 guidelines were developed. Some of the issues were complex to come to consensus among the task force members and a decision-making theory called the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to find best approaches to deal with some of the difficult issues associated with the implementation of mobility-based performance specifications on highway construction work.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Traffic flow
KW  - Utah
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - https://www.udot.utah.gov/public/ucon/uconowner.gf?n=11524918796242173
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331668
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541433
AU  - Thomas, Michael D A
AU  - Folliard, Kevin J
AU  - Fournier, Benoit
AU  - Rivard, Patrice
AU  - Drimalas, Thano
AU  - Transtec Group
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Methods for Evaluating and Treating ASR-Affected Structures: Results of Field Application and Demonstration Projects – Volume I: Summary of Findings and Recommendations
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 80p
AB  - As part of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) alkali-silica reaction (ASR) Development and Deployment Program, nine field trials were conducted across the United States that evaluated mitigation measures applied to concrete structures and pavements already exhibiting ASR-induced distress. The findings from these trials served as the basis for the Volume I report and recommendations. In order to provide a technical underpinning for Volume I and to provide more detailed information on each of the trials (e.g., product types and application rates, treatment methods, monitoring program, etc.), the Volume II report was developed. This document presents the findings and recommendations from the field trials concerned with the treatment of ASR-affected structures.
KW  - Alkali silica reactions
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Concrete structures
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Recommendations
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/concrete/asr/pubs/hif14002.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326519
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01541408
AU  - Thomas, Michael D A
AU  - Folliard, Kevin J
AU  - Fournier, Benoit
AU  - Rivard, Patrice
AU  - Drimalas, Thano
AU  - Garber, Sabrina I
AU  - Transtec Group
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Methods for Evaluating and Treating ASR-Affected Structures: Results of Field Application and Demonstration Projects – Volume II: Details of Field Applications and Analysis
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 342p
AB  - As part of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) alkali-silica reaction (ASR) Development and Deployment Program, nine field trials were conducted across the United States that evaluated mitigation measures applied to concrete structures and pavements already exhibiting ASR-induced distress. The findings from these trials served as the basis for the Volume I report and recommendations. In order to provide a technical underpinning for Volume I and to provide more detailed information on each of the trials (e.g., product types and application rates, treatment methods, monitoring program, etc.), this Volume II report was developed. This document provides detailed information on each of the ASR field trials, including information and data from visual inspections, petrographic evaluations, laboratory testing, and in-situ field monitoring.
KW  - Alkali silica reactions
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Concrete structures
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Petrography
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/concrete/asr/pubs/hif14003.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1326521
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01538123
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Applications for Highway Transportation
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - 23p
AB  - This document identifies research (2006–present) focusing on autonomous micro unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for transportation applications, including the examination of other industries that may also utilize micro UAVs. Authors, source, publisher, year, and description of research are provided for each entry.
KW  - Bibliographies
KW  - Drone aircraft
KW  - Highway transportation
KW  - Highways
KW  - Research projects
KW  - Utilization
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/14037/14037.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1323104
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01534430
AU  - Salgado, Rodrigo
AU  - Woo, San Inn
AU  - Tehrani, Faraz S
AU  - Zhang, Yanbei
AU  - Prezzi, Monica
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Implementation of Limit States and Load Resistance Design of Slopes
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 27p
AB  - A logical framework is developed for load and resistance factor design (LRFD) of slopes based on reliability analysis. LRFD of slopes with resistance factors developed in this manner ensures that a target probability of slope failure is not exceeded. Three different target probabilities of failure (0.0001, 0.001 and 0.01) are considered in this report. The ultimate limit state for slope stability (formation of a slip surface and considerable movement along this slip surface) is defined using the Bishop simplified method with a factor of safety equal to unity. Gaussian random field theory is used to generate random realizations of a slope with values of strength and unit weight at any given point of the slope that differ from their mean by a random amount. A slope stability analysis is then performed for each slope realization to find the most critical slip surface and the corresponding driving and resisting moments. The probability of slope failure is calculated by counting the number of slope realizations for which the factor of safety did not exceed 1 and dividing that number by the total number of realizations. The mean of the soil parameters is adjusted and this process repeated until the calculated probability of failure reaches to the target probability of failure. Optimal resistance and load factors are obtained by dividing the resisting and driving moments corresponding to the most probable ultimate limit state by the nominal values of resisting and driving moments. The main goal of this study was to provide specific values of resistance and load factors to implement in limit states and load resistance design of slopes in the context of transportation infrastructure. This report discusses the concepts of load and resistance factors, target probability of failure and the ultimate limit state equation in the context of slope stability analysis. It then presents a detailed algorithm for resistance factor calculation by using reliability analysis. Six cases of real slopes designed and constructed by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) are examined by using undrained shear strengths in order to illustrate the LRFD procedure and validate the recommended resistance and load factors.
KW  - Algorithms
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Limit state design
KW  - Load and resistance factor design
KW  - Reliability analysis
KW  - Slope stability
KW  - Undrained shear strength
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315225
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1319866
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526362
AU  - Baldwin, Michael
AU  - Hoogewind, Kimberly
AU  - Snyder, Derrick
AU  - Price, Matthew
AU  - Trapp, R Jeffrey
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Assessment and Recommendations for Using High-Resolution Weather Information to Improve Winter Maintenance Operations
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 46p
AB  - A variety of methods for obtaining detailed analyses regarding the timing and duration of winter weather across the state of Indiana for multiple seasons were compared and evaluated during this project. Meteorological information from sources such as surface reporting stations, National Weather Service radars, and three‐dimensional weather analysis and prediction systems were utilized in this work. In addition, daily weather forecasts were provided by students at Purdue University during the 2012‐13 winter season. These forecasts supplemented the weather forecast information already in use at Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT). Purdue weather forecasts were systematically evaluated during this project. The results from these assessments are provided in this report, along with a set of recommendations for sources of detailed weather information to be utilized by INDOT in future winter seasons.
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Indiana
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Weather conditions
KW  - Weather forecasting
KW  - Winter maintenance
UR  - http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3050&context=jtrp
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315224
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310620
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01526342
AU  - Koo, Dan
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Roadway Striping Productivity Data Analysis for INDOT Greenfield and Crawfordsville Districts
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 74p
AB  - The main objective of the SPR‐3650 project is to provide an accurate overview of striping operations so that Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) finds a way to effectively save significant investment for  purchasing new striping  trucks in the near future without compromising roadway striping operations and maintenance. Telematics technology was used to collect 2012 striping season operation data, from April 2012 to November 2012, in real‐time via wireless network to analyze striping operation performance mainly focusing on four striping trucks in the Crawfordsville and Greenfield district. The study focused on productivity and utilization as key performance components. Productivity and utilization analyses revealed that there is significant opportunity to improve. As a result of data analysis, four recommendations and performance metrics were suggested. Several statistical techniques such as Monte Carlo simulation and triangular distribution model were used to develop the performance metrics. An expected further outcome of the study is that a new data collection system provides an opportunity to improve various INDOT roadway maintenance operations.
KW  - Data analysis
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Maintenance equipment
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Metrics (Quantitative assessment)
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Striping
KW  - Telematics
UR  - http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3042&context=jtrp
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315228
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1310595
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522139
AU  - Grejner-Brzezinska, Dorota A
AU  - Toth, Charles
AU  - Ohio State University, Columbus
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Height Modernization Program and Subsidence Study in Northern Ohio
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 101p
AB  - This study is an initiative focused on establishing accurate, reliable heights using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology in conjunction with traditional leveling, gravity, and modern remote sensing information. The traditional method for determining the elevation of these vertical benchmarks is differential leveling, but the advanced technology of GNSS and other modern positioning technologies have begun to replace this classical technique of vertical measurement in many situations. The primary goal of this research was to contribute to the improvement of height estimation using Global Positioning System (GPS) that supports the goals of the National Height Modernization project led by NGS. This was attained by investigating the required baseline length to de-correlate the tropospheric corrections at individual stations, as well as to determine the optimal network design. In order to perform these experiments, three different networks were formed: the single, the double, and the multiple base station approaches. The comparison of these three approaches concluded that the multiple base approach (combination of CORS and IGS stations) is the optimal network, which improved the estimation of the tropospheric corrections, the quality of the processing results, and the positioning accuracy, especially in the height component. This configuration reduced the possible errors associated with the base station, provides reliable tropospheric corrections and improved the accuracy of the ellipsoidal heights. These test cases also illustrated that a longer session provides higher accuracy and reliable ellipsoidal heights. Based on the results in this study, at least a two-hour data span should be used to determine the ellipsoidal heights accurately in OPUS-Projects. Additionally, a second independent observation should be used to increase the confidence in the processing results. In order to maximize independence of the observations, the second observation should be obtained on a different day and at a different time of day.
KW  - Data quality
KW  - Global Navigation Satellite System
KW  - Global Positioning System
KW  - Height
KW  - Mapping
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Subsidence (Geology)
KW  - Troposphere
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/881433401/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306455
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01522136
AU  - Masada, Teruhisa
AU  - Han, Xiao
AU  - Ohio University, Athens
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Rock Mass Classification System: Transition from RMR to GSI
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 130p
AB  - The AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications is expected to replace the rock mass rating  (RMR) system with the Geological Strength Index (GSI) system for classifying and estimating  engineering properties of rock masses. This transition is motivated by the fact that some  difficulties were experienced with RMR in many highway bridge projects. A study was carried out  to determine if GSI is applicable to rock materials found in Ohio. To meet this primary objective, a  literature review was conducted, many rock samples were tested in the lab, an extensive rock  property data set was assembled, and statistical/computation analysis of the data set was  performed. The outcome showed that GSI is applicable to rock materials in Ohio.
KW  - AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Geological strength index
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Properties of materials
KW  - Rock mass classification
KW  - Rock mass rating
KW  - Rocks
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/881501703/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1306454
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516338
AU  - Li, Shuo
AU  - Jiang, Yi
AU  - Guan, Bowen
AU  - Zhao, Guangyuan
AU  - Thompson, Aaron
AU  - Purdue University
AU  - Indiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Cost and Energy‐Efficient (LED, Induction and Plasma) Roadway Lighting
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 75p
AB  - There is an increasing interest in using new lighting technologies such as light emitting diode (LED), induction, and plasma light sources in roadway lighting. The most commonly claimed benefits of the new lighting systems include increased reliability, improved efficiency, and reduced maintenance costs. While Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is also getting a lot of interest from vendors pushing the new light sources for roadway lighting applications, none of these new lighting technologies has been used in the state highway systems by INDOT. Before adopting the new lighting technologies, INDOT would like to determine if the new lighting technologies meet required light output and if they are cost effective. Moreover, it is necessary for INDOT to establish standardized guidelines for evaluating the new lighting systems prior to the formal adoption. This study first conducted literature reviews on the new lighting technologies. Surveys were also conducted to identify the perceptions of state highway agencies and local cities towards the new lighting technologies including LED, induction, and plasma, and their experiences in use of these new lighting technologies. Various luminaires, including high pressure sodium (HPS), LED, plasma, and induction luminaires from different manufacturers were installed and evaluated for both conventional and high mast lightings at a test site over a period of 12 months. Illuminance measurements were made to determine the light levels and illuminance uniformities produced by those LED, plasma and induction luminaires with the existing lighting infrastructures. Comparisons were also made between the light performances produced by different luminaires. Electric currents were measured to determine the energy consumptions by different luminaires. Life cycle cost analysis was also conducted to determine if the new lighting sources are cost-effective compared to the corresponding HPS lighting sources and assess the possible return or payback periods for the LED, plasma, and induction luminaires evaluated in this study. Illuminance measurements were also made for two urban street lightings to map the light performances of LED and plasma luminaires with different lighting layouts. Main findings and recommendations were made to assist INDOT Traffic Engineering in upgrading the lighting policies and developing technical specifications for adopting the new lighting technologies.
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Energy consumption
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Indiana Department of Transportation
KW  - Life cycle analysis
KW  - Light emitting diodes
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Luminaires
KW  - Luminescence
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Street lighting
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315221
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1291087
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516185
AU  - Tran, Nam H
AU  - Taylor, Adam J
AU  - Withee, Jeffrey N
AU  - National Center for Asphalt Technology
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Western Workshop on Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester: Summary Report
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 17p
AB  - To continue supporting the implementation of the Asphalt Mixture Performance Tester  (AMPT)  for Superpave mix design and for asphalt pavement design and analysis, a western workshop on the AMPT was organized by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) at the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) headquarters in Carson City, Nevada on September 24 and 25, 2013. This workshop was specifically organized for state DOT representatives from the Rocky Mountain Asphalt User and Producer Group (RMAUPG) and the Pacific Coast Conference on Asphalt Specifications, who were not able to attend the national AMPT workshop in Atlanta, Georgia in September 2012. Since many of the participants of the western workshop were not familiar with the AMPT, the workshop included both (1) a discussion of the development and implementation of AMPT and relevant test procedures, and (2) a hands-­on demonstration of the testing equipment in the NDOT materials laboratory. This report summarizes the information presented at the workshop and the challenges, potential solutions, and future needs discussed in the round table discussion sessions for implementing the AMPT.
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Performance tests
KW  - Superpave
UR  - http://www.ncat.us/files/reports/2013/rep13-10.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1299882
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01506812
JO  - Traffic Volume Trends
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Traffic Volume Trends, November 2013
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - 10p
AB  - Traffic Volume Trends is a monthly report based on hourly traffic count data. These data, collected at approximately 4,000 continuous traffic counting locations nationwide, are used to determine the percent change in traffic for the current month compared to the same month in the previous year. This percent change is applied to the travel for the same month of the previous year to obtain an estimate of travel for the current month.Travel on all roads and streets changed by -0.1% (-0.2 billion vehicle miles) for November 2013 as compared with November 2012. Travel for the month is estimated to be 239.5 billion vehicle miles. Cumulative Travel for 2013 changed by +0.6% (15.4 billion vehicle miles).
KW  - Highway travel
KW  - Traffic counting
KW  - Traffic data
KW  - Traffic volume
KW  - Trend (Statistics)
KW  - Vehicle miles of travel
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/travel_monitoring/13novtvt/13novtvt.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1290230
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505784
AU  - Fang, Howie
AU  - Gutowski, Matthew
AU  - Li, Ning
AU  - DiSogra, Matthew
AU  - University of North Carolina, Charlotte
AU  - North Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Performance Evaluation of NCDOT W-beam Guardrails under MASH TL-2 Conditions
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 78p
AB  - This report summarizes the research efforts of using finite element modeling and simulations to evaluate the performance of W-beam guardrails for different heights under Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware  (MASH) Test Level 2 (TL-2) and Test Level 3 (TL-3) impact conditions. A literature review is included on performance evaluation of W-beam guardrails as well as applications of finite element modeling and simulations in roadside safety research. The modeling and simulation work was conducted on W-beam guardrails placed at a height of 27, 29 and 31 in. with vehicular impacts of a 1996 Dodge Neon and a 2006 Ford F250. All three W-beam guardrail placement heights were evaluated and compared to MASH TL-2 conditions, i.e., both vehicles were tested at an impact speed of 44 mph (70 km/hour) and a 25° impact angle. The 29- and 31-inch W-beam guardrails were also evaluated under MASH TL-3 conditions, i.e., both vehicles were tested at an impact speed of 62 mph (100 km/hour) and a 25° impact angle. The simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the 27-, 29- and 31-in. guardrails under MASH TL-2 conditions. They also showed the effects of guardrail heights on the vehicles’ post-impact responses such as redirection, snagging and large exit angles. The use of finite element simulations was shown to be both effective and efficient because they were nondestructive, repeatable, modifiable, and inexpensive. Furthermore, finite element simulations can be used to study crash scenarios that are difficult and/or extremely expensive to conduct with physical crash testing. Finite element modeling and simulations are recommended for future investigations of other research issues.
KW  - AASHTO Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware
KW  - Finite element method
KW  - Guardrails
KW  - Height
KW  - Impact tests
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Simulation
UR  - http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/preconstruct/tpb/research/download/2012-11finalreport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285443
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505772
AU  - Lesthaeghe, Tyler
AU  - Frishman, Samuel
AU  - Holland, Stephen D
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - RFID Tags for Detecting Concrete Degradation in Bridge Decks
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 26p
AB  - Steel reinforcing bar (rebar) corrosion due to chlorine ingress is the primary degradation mechanism for bridge decks. In areas where rock salt is used as a de-icing agent, salt water seeps into the concrete through cracks, causing corrosion of the rebar and potentially leading to catastrophic failure if not repaired. This project explores the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags as low-cost corrosion sensors.  RFID tags, when embedded in concrete, will fail due to corrosion in the same manner as rebar after prolonged exposure to salt water. In addition, the presence of salt water interferes with the ability to detect the tags, providing a secondary mechanism by which this method can work. During this project, a fieldable RFID equipment setup was constructed and tested. In addition to a number of laboratory experiments to validate the underlying principles, RFID tags were embedded and tested in several actual bridge decks.  Two major challenges were addressed in this project: issues associated with tags not functioning due to being in close proximity to rebar and issues associated with portland concrete coming in direct contact with the tags causing a detuning effect and preventing the tags from operating properly. Both issues were investigated thoroughly. The first issue was determined to be a problem only if the tags are placed in close proximity to rebar. The second issue was resolved by encapsulating the tag. Two materials, polyurethane spray foam and extruded polystyrene, were identified as providing good performance after testing, both in the lab and in the field.
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Field tests
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Radio frequency identification
KW  - Reinforcing bars
KW  - Sensors
UR  - http://www.intrans.iastate.edu/research/documents/research-reports/RFID_tags_w_cvr.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285617
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505761
AU  - Stuedlein, Armin W
AU  - Meskele, Tadesse
AU  - Oregon State University, Corvallis
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Analysis And Design Of Pipe Ramming Installations
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 236p
AB  - The trenchless technology known as pipe ramming for construction of culverts and buried pipes under roadways or other infrastructure has gained significant popularity due to its cost-effectiveness and ability to alleviate surface disruptions associated with open-cut trenching. Although the experience with pipe ramming is increasing, there has been remarkably little technical guidance available for engineers to appropriately specify aspects of a pipeline or culvert installation, including the planning of feasible layouts, rates of penetration, pipe diameters, and hammers. This research provides a comprehensive  engineering framework for evaluation of culvert installations at the planning phase to address the gaps in knowledge associated with pipe ramming. Presently there are no existing and proven techniques for prediction of settlement, vibration, driving stresses, soil resistance to ramming, and drivability for pipe ramming installations. This study has adopted existing drivability, soil resistance, settlement, and vibration prediction models from pipe jacking, microtunneling, and pile driving models and examined their  applicability in pipe ramming installations, resulting in new and technology-specific design guidance. The development of this comprehensive engineering guidance is based on engineering calculations empirically tuned using a database of actual performance measurements. Field observations of five production installations and a full-scale experiment were conducted to form the performance database employed to understand the mechanics associated with pipe ramming installations, ranging  from vertical ground movements, ground vibrations, and installation performance. Settlement prediction was evaluated using the inverted normal probability distribution based models, and these methods over-estimated the observed settlements close to the center of the pipes and under-estimated settlements at radial distances away from the pipe. A pipe-ramming-specific hyperbolic model was developed for better prediction of the vertical settlement induced by pipe ramming in granular soils. Attenuation of observed pipe ramming-induced vibrations was modeled using a simple semi-empirical approach, and the calibrated model resulted in reasonable predictions of the ground vibrations for granular soils. The static soil resistance to ramming was evaluated using the traditional quasi-static pipe jacking models and the models resulted in inaccurate predictions for instrumented pipe ramming installations. Therefore pipe ramming-specific static soil resistance models were developed for both the face and casing resistance in granular soils. Principles of stress wave theory routinely applied in the drivability analyses for pile foundations were adopted for the evaluation of the dynamic response of pipes during ramming. Reliable estimates of the static soil resistance and dynamic soil parameters were obtained through signal matching processes. Data-informed drivability analysis were performed to simulate the magnitude of driving stresses and develop drivability curves which relate the penetration resistance of a given pipe and hammer to the range of static soil resistances. The study culminates in the first comprehensive framework and recommendations for the installation of pipes by ramming, and should help owners, consultants, and contractors to appropriately plan pipe ramming installations.
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Design methods
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Ground settlement
KW  - Installation
KW  - Pipe ramming
KW  - Trenchless technology
KW  - Vibration
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/spr710_piperamming.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285616
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01505588
AU  - Wang, Yinhai
AU  - Corey, Jonathan
AU  - Lao, Yunteng
AU  - Henrickson, Kristian
AU  - Xin, Xin
AU  - University of Washington, Seattle
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Oregon Department of Transportation
TI  - Criteria for the Selection and Application of Advanced Traffic Signal Systems
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 129p
AB  - The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) has recently begun changing their standard traffic signal control systems from the 170 controller running the Wapiti W4IKS firmware to 2070 controllers operating the Northwest Signal Supply Corporation’s Voyage software. Concurrent with this change in standard signal control systems, ODOT has taken the opportunity to install test sites with adaptive signal control systems and evaluate advanced features in the Voyage software. The evaluation of advanced features and adaptive signal control systems has led to a series of questions about how to measure performance, when to apply a given feature, and when should one system be preferred over another. To answer these questions a survey of literature and practicing professionals was conducted to determine the current state of the practice regarding conventional and adaptive signal control systems. The survey of practitioners indicated that practitioners in general were seeking answers regarding when and how to implement adaptive systems. To assist ODOT’s engineers in selecting when and which systems to evaluate more closely, a methodology frame work has been developed and implemented in a Microsoft Excel based evaluation tool. This framework uses queuing models and simplified control logic to estimate corridor performance. Selected additional features have also been enabled to allow engineers to evaluate the performance benefits that may be realized through enabling them with the existing systems. Finally, to compare performance across different systems and different measures of effectiveness, the research team implemented a cost to benefit ratio calculation. This calculation encompasses performance measures produced by the evaluation model as well as external data regarding existing equipment, required upgrades, and additional costs such as  those associated with retiming operations. By including as many cost factors as practical, the methodological framework and its Excel-based implementation may offer a means to make the selection of systems to evaluate as simple and straightforward as possible.
KW  - Adaptive control
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Oregon Department of Transportation
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Queuing theory
KW  - Software
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Traffic signal control systems
UR  - http://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/TD/TP_RES/ResearchReports/SPR729_AdvancedTrafficSignals.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285612
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01504278
AU  - Saber, Aziz
AU  - Louisiana Tech University, Ruston
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Load Distribution and Fatigue Cost Estimates of Heavy Truck Loads on Louisiana State Bridges
PY  - 2013/11//Final report
SP  - 198p
AB  - The bridge in this study was evaluated and a monitoring system was installed to investigate the effects of heavy loads and the cost of fatigue for bridges on state highways in Louisiana. Also, this study is used to respond to Louisiana Senate Concurrent Resolution 35 (SCR-35). The superstructure of the bridge in this study was evaluated for safety and reliability under four different kinds of truck configuration and loads hauling sugarcane. The bridge model was verified by performing live load tests using 3S3 trucks with a gross vehicular weight (GVW) of 100,000 lb. on the structure. The bridge finite element model was analyzed under the different kinds of loading and the effects were listed and compared. The results of the analyses show that the pattern of response of the bridge under the different cases follows the same trend. Among the four different cases of loading configurations, case 4, which was GVW =148,000 lb. and a vehicle length of 92 ft., produced the largest tensile and compressive stresses in the members. The results from the bridge deck analyses confirm that the bridge deck is under a stable stress state, whether the stresses are in the tension zone or the compression zone. The heavy load as indicated in SCR-35 will cause damage to bridges. The data from the monitoring system indicates that the average number of heavy loads during October, November, and December is 3.5 times higher than the rest of the year. The bridges are exposed to high cycles of repetition of heavy loads that will reduce the life span of the bridges by about 50%. The bridges that are built to last 75 years will be replaced after about 40 years in service. This seasonal impact is due to the sugarcane harvest and confirms the cost of fatigue, $0.9 per truck per trip per bridge, as determined in the previous study. Based on the results of the studies presented in this report, increasing the gross vehicle weight of sugarcane trucks is not recommended. The heavy loads indicated in SCR-35 will cause premature fatigue damage to the main structural members and could cause their eventual structural failure. In addition, the majority of the Louisiana bridges currently in service were designed to accommodate lower loads than the bridge tested on this project. Therefore, based on the test results, one should expect that the proposed trucks to significantly shorten the remaining life span of Louisiana bridges. All these bridges should be rehabilitated prior to implementing SCR 35. The data from the monitoring system will provide a good source of information to review the current serviceability criteria used by the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) for the design of prestressed concrete bridge girders.
KW  - Axle loads
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Failure
KW  - Gross vehicle weight
KW  - Live loads
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Trucks
KW  - Weigh in motion
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2013/FR_509.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1284793
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502761
AU  - Baral, Darshan
AU  - Tritico, Hans M
AU  - Youngstown State University
AU  - Ohio Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Computational Study of Fish Passage through Circular Culverts in Northeast Ohio
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 166 p
AB  - ￼￼￼￼An investigation has been carried out in Northeast Ohio to determine the percentage of culverts that act as barriers for fish passage and to identify the design parameters that can be associated with passage success through stream simulation in two computer programs – FishXing and HEC-RAS. The results from HEC-RAS shows that, out of 40 culverts analyzed, 55% are partial barriers and 45% are complete barriers. A comparable analysis in FishXing analysis suggest that out of the 54 culverts analyzed, 11% are partial barriers and 89% are complete barriers. Student’s t-tests (p ≤ 0.05) showed that the difference in the average perched height between partial barriers and complete barriers was significant for the output of both programs. Additional analysis was carried out in FishXing for greenside darter and largemouth bass by increasing diameter, decreasing length, decreasing slope, increasing Manning’s roughness (n) of culvert material, and embedding the culverts with gravel substrate (n = 0.04) independently to examine the effect of those parameters on passage success. For greenside darter, embedding the culverts resulted in 36% of the culverts turning from complete barriers into partial barriers and had a greater impact on increasing passage success compared to varying other design parameters. Similar analysis for largemouth bass exhibited a less noticeable difference.
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Design
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Fishes
KW  - Ohio
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Streamflow
UR  - http://worldcat.org/oclc/871176808/viewonline
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1280765
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01502459
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Vásconez, Kimberly C
TI  - Training Millions of Responders
PY  - 2013/11
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
AB  - Efficient traffic incident management (TIM) is crucial to the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) goals for improving motorist and responder safety, reducing traffic congestion, and enhancing the performance and reliability of the transportation system. FHWA leads the effort of training responders and developing good practices with the help of state police organizations, state and local departments of transportation, local and regional emergency services, and others. A TIM training course was developed in 2007 by FHWA with other organizations, and in 2012, a train-the-trainer pilot program was introduced. TIM training is most effective if responders take a refresher course every few years. Training programs have helped to improve traffic incident recovery, streamlining responses.
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Incident management
KW  - Police departments
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - Traffic incidents
KW  - Training
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/13novdec2013/03.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1281050
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01502456
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Kalla, Hari
AU  - Garfield, Kristine
TI  - A Look Back at Moving Forward
PY  - 2013/11
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) launched the Every Day Counts (EDC) initiative in November 2009, which encourages the use of technological innovations and enhanced business processes to solve the challenges of highway projects and to facilitate doing more with less. Through EDC, FHWA works with transportation agencies and other groups to identify a new collection of innovations every two years. The innovations share goals of shortening project delivery, enhancing the safety and durability of bridges and roads, reducing traffic congestion, and protecting the environment. There has been a high level of participation in EDC. Since its inception, every state transportation agency in the country has used at least one of the selected innovations, with more and more being adopted all the time.
KW  - Business practices
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Durability
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Every Day Counts
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Road construction
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/13novdec2013/05.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1281052
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01502451
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Kuehn, David
AU  - Fitzgerald, Mark
TI  - Breakthroughs to the Future
PY  - 2013/11
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) developed the Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) Program in 2005 in order to conduct high-risk, long-horizon research on mitigating congestion and pollution and improving safety. Findings from EAR-funded projects could lead to new research methods and models or new system concepts and prototypes. One of the program's focus areas is connected highway-vehicle systems, which depend on emerging technologies. Projects funded by EAR have made breakthroughs in sensor and control technology, wireless communications, data fusion, and information sciences.  EAR has also funded research at the University of Virginia Center for Transportation Studies to examine issues such as freeway merge areas, lane-level speed control, lane-changing advisory, gap-responsive onramp signal, merging control, system integration and evaluation, and others. Research sponsored by EAR has developed advanced solutions to increase mobility and safety.
KW  - Data fusion
KW  - Exploratory Advanced Research Program
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Information organization
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Research projects
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Technological innovations
KW  - Traffic congestion
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
KW  - University of Virginia
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/13novdec2013/01.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1281048
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01502139
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Kendall, Cathy
AU  - Toni, Melissa
AU  - Woolford, Edward
TI  - Protecting the Planet One Road at a Time
PY  - 2013/11
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
AB  - In January 2012, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) established the Annual Environmental Discipline Awards to support and recognize individual and team leadership and excellence in the delivery of transportation environmental programs. Candidates for the award are nominated by their peers to recognize achievements in improving collaboration across agency disciplines, sharing resources, and strengthening FHWA's overall environmental program. Award winners include Provo, Utah, for its Westside Connector, which provided a link between the local airport and the interstate; Florida and Puerto Rico for being able to adapt when circumstances exceed procedures; and the Tappan Zee Hudson River Crossing Project in New York, which will be replaced to improve structural, operational, mobility, safety, and security features. Environmental programs require cross-discipline collaboration, and this award helps to encourage such cooperation.
KW  - Airport access
KW  - Awards
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Environmental protection
KW  - Florida
KW  - New York (State)
KW  - Provo (Utah)
KW  - Puerto Rico
KW  - Safety and security
KW  - Tappan Zee Bridge
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/13novdec2013/04.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1281051
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AN  - 01502138
JO  - Public Roads
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Duwadi, Sheila Rimal
TI  - Saving the Past
PY  - 2013/11
VL  - 77
IS  - 3
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration has been managing the National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program since 1998, when it was established as part of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century. Many covered bridges were built in the mid-19th century, and eight hundred of them remain today. The covered bridge program awards grants to states through annual solicitations for preservation, restoration, and rehabilitation work. The program also runs research, development, and education, with a focus on the development of methodologies to restore and protect the bridges. The program was not renewed in 2012 as part of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, so the bridges now have to compete with other infrastructure priorities for preservation work.
KW  - Covered bridges
KW  - Government funding
KW  - Grant aid
KW  - Historic bridges
KW  - Historic preservation
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program
KW  - Rehabilitation (Maintenance)
KW  - Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century
KW  - U.S. Federal Highway Administration
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/publicroads/13novdec2013/02.cfm
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1281049
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502116
AU  - Rathod, Yatinkumar
AU  - Burris, Mark
AU  - Coppock, Mark
AU  - Geiselbrecht, Tina
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Texas Traffic Thermostat Software Tool
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - v.p.
AB  - To support its Mobility Pledge to Texas commuters, Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has created a tool for traffic managers that helps them meet operational goals established for roadways by local communities. Dubbed the Traffic Thermostat Decision Tool, this software enables managers to implement simulated solutions to determine how best to change operations in the real world to meet performance goals. Using performance measures established by local policy-makers, the Traffic Thermostat helps identify and seamlessly implement agreed-upon operational solutions to remedy problems, thereby providing smoother commutes for all Texans.
KW  - Computer program documentation
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Software
KW  - Texas
KW  - Texas Department of Transportation
KW  - Traffic control
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/5-6396-01-P1.zip
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279851
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502070
AU  - Goodin, Ginger
AU  - Burris, Mark
AU  - Geiselbrecht, Tina
AU  - Wood, Nick
AU  - Texas A&M Transportation Institute
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Application of a Performance Management Framework for Priced Lanes
PY  - 2013/11//Technical Report
SP  - 46p
AB  - The Texas Department of Transportation and its agency partners have implemented various forms of lane management and pricing over the past three decades, including high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, high-occupancy toll lanes, managed lanes, and toll roads. As more of these complex transportation facilities are planned and constructed throughout the state, agencies need to understand how these facilities may operate over time. Ideally, the long-term operations should be based on metrics that are agreed upon in advance. When agencies define what metrics can most effectively and efficiently measure the performance of a facility and outline what thresholds trigger a change in operation, policy makers and the public can anticipate and appreciate how a facility’s operation may change over time. This understanding allows the facility operators to focus on the tasks of efficiently operating a smooth transportation network, rather than on how to get the necessary changes approved in a timely manner. Research Project 0-6396 developed a framework called the Traffic Thermostat, which helps make operating decisions for priced facilities and guides changes in operational strategies for a facility over time. This implementation project demonstrates how the Traffic Thermostat can be implemented for a specific project, and allow for adjustments to the framework and implementation process based on results. This pilot focused on the I-30 managed HOV lanes. In addition, the project created a primer and user’s manual to assist agencies in using the Traffic Thermostat.
KW  - Decision support systems
KW  - High occupancy toll lanes
KW  - High occupancy vehicle lanes
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Managed lanes
KW  - Manuals
KW  - Performance measurement
KW  - Road pricing
KW  - Texas
KW  - Toll roads
UR  - http://tti.tamu.edu/documents/5-6396-01-1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279356
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502046
AU  - Schaefer, Vernon R
AU  - Jalinoos, Frank
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Characterization of Bridge Foundations Workshop Report
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - 70p
AB  - In 2013, the Federal Highway Administration proposed a new research program for the characterization of bridge foundations. To narrow the focus and develop a research roadmap for the program, a workshop on “Characterization of Bridge Foundations” was held in Arlington, Virginia, from April 30 to May 1, 2013, to solicit key stakeholder input. The workshop opened with plenary sessions to provide the invited participants with a national perspective on the issue; summaries of geotechnical and hydraulic hazards; and, the impact of changes in service loads and foundations reuse. The plenary sessions were followed by breakout sessions. This report presents an  overview and documents the results and conclusions of the workshop.
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Bridge foundations
KW  - Geotechnical engineering
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Hydraulics
KW  - Loads
KW  - Reuse
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/13101/13101.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51000/51069/13101.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279601
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502037
AU  - Dougald, Lance E
AU  - Cottrell, Benjamin H
AU  - Kweon, Young-Jun
AU  - Lim, In-Kyu
AU  - Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research
AU  - Virginia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Investigation of the Safety Effects of Edge and Centerline Markings on Narrow, Low-Volume Roads
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 36p
AB  - Residency and regional traffic engineering staff of the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) have postulated that the use of low-cost centerline and edgeline pavement markings, applied individually or in combination, can improve safety on narrow roads until higher cost, road-widening design improvements can be programmed and implemented. Mostly narrow secondary roads would fall in this category, but narrow primary roads would also be included. The original purpose of this study was to develop a set of guidelines for VDOT traffic engineers to use when making decisions regarding the use of edgelines and centerlines on narrow, low-volume (less than or equal to 3,000 vehicles per day) roads. These guidelines were to be developed in a two-phase process, with the initiation of the second phase depending on the results of the first phase. This report describes the Phase I study, which included examining relevant literature; gathering information from other state departments of transportation; conducting a statewide inventory of edgeline and centerline markings; and performing a cross-sectional crash analysis of narrow roads identified in the inventory as (1) not having edge and centerline markings, (2) having both edge and centerline markings, (3) having edgeline markings only, and (4) having centerline markings only. The study found that there is much variation in the practices of state departments of transportation with regard to installing pavement markings on roads 16 to 20 ft wide. In addition, the limited analysis of crash frequency, density, rate, and safety performance found no statistical difference between segments with and without centerlines and/or edgelines. Based on the results of this Phase I study, the project was limited to one phase. Therefore, a Phase II study to develop guidelines was not considered. The study recommends that VDOT consider (1) developing a statewide process for a pavement marking inventory; (2) asking the Office of the Attorney General of Virginia for an interpretation/opinion of the term “appropriate” in House Joint Resolution No. 243 passed in the 1994 Session of the Virginia General Assembly; and (3) evaluating data from the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute’s naturalistic driving study to determine if the data may be used to evaluate driver behavior on roads 16 to 20 ft wide with or without centerlines and/or edgelines.
KW  - Center lines
KW  - Crash analysis
KW  - Edge lines
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Inventory
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Road markings
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://www.virginiadot.org/vtrc/main/online_reports/pdf/14-r3.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279701
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502021
AU  - Carlson, Paul
AU  - Park, Eun-Sug
AU  - Pike, Adam
AU  - Porter, R J
AU  - Miles, Jeffrey
AU  - Boulanger, Bryan
AU  - Smadi, Omar
AU  - Hawkins, Neal
AU  - Chalmers, Seth
AU  - Darmiento, Frank
AU  - Burde, Adrian
AU  - Kuhn, Beverly
AU  - Ealding, Wendy
AU  - Texas Transportation Institute, College Station
AU  - Science Applications International Corporation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Pavement Marking Demonstration Projects: State of Alaska and State of Tennessee
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 302p
AB  - This project evaluates the safety impacts, environmental impacts, and cost effectiveness of different pavement marking systems as well as the effect of State bidding and procurement processes on the quality of pavement marking material employed in highway projects. The findings indicate that States are pursuing alternative procurement strategies to provide high-quality durable markings in a cost effective manner, often as part of a strategic safety plan, while industry has responded to requirements for more environmentally benign materials. A multi-State retrospective crash analysis  suggests that the use of 6-inch edge lines reduces several crash types on rural two-lane two-way roads as compared to 4-inch edge lines. The monitored performance of pavement markings installed as part of the demonstration project was used to evaluate pavement marking cost effectiveness. The same results were also used to populate a framework for a pavement marking selection tool.
KW  - Alaska
KW  - Competitive bidding
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Crash analysis
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Edge lines
KW  - Environmental impacts
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Procurement
KW  - Road marking materials
KW  - Road markings
KW  - Tennessee
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/12048/12048.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279600
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502012
AU  - Kilduff, A L
AU  - Moyer, K L
AU  - McCool, G E
AU  - Ahern, M E
AU  - Breen, J E
AU  - University of Texas, Austin
AU  - Texas Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Corrosion Resistance Recommendations from Long-Term Exposure Testing of Post-Tensioning Systems
PY  - 2013/11//Technical Report
SP  - 88p
AB  - Results from two sets of full-scale post-tensioned specimens after four and six years of highly aggressive exposure tests are summarized. The study was funded to assess corrosion resistance of both the current state of the industry and possible future developments in strands, ducts, couplers, and anchorages. Non-destructive monitoring was performed throughout the testing, followed by full autopsies of the specimens. The project also served to highlight a new, smaller test specimen and to investigate how the new specimen was able to better isolate design variables. The main focus was durability of galvanized steel ducts in comparison to plastic ducts. While the galvanized duct certainly showed much worse physical behavior, with large sections of the duct being totally breached by corrosion, the plastic duct jointing techniques failed to completely prevent chloride ingress into the grout and therefore to the tendon. Future testing of post-tensioned systems should be conducted with this new procedure and specimen since it was much more cost effective. The project results showed plastic ducts were not subject to corrosion as a result of chlorides but were subject to minor internal gouging damage caused by threading of the strands. Both coupled and uncoupled ducts contained grouts with elevated chloride content. Regardless, the strands showed little physical damage. Additionally the project served to highlight the importance of grouting procedures and the need for proper implementation of the Post-Tensioning Institute grouting standards. Failure to address workmanship issues provided the largest contribution to corrosion damage. These results were considered in a cost analysis which demonstrated how upfront decisions and small initial cost increases can substantially increase performance life and limit corrosion issues.
KW  - Concrete bridges
KW  - Corrosion
KW  - Corrosion resistance
KW  - Costs
KW  - Ducts
KW  - Galvanized metals
KW  - Grouting
KW  - Plastics
KW  - Posttensioning
KW  - Service life
KW  - Steel
UR  - http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/ctr-publications/0-4562-5f.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279357
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01502003
JO  - TechBrief
PB  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Optimization of Grade 100 High-Performance Steel Butt Welds
PY  - 2013/11
SP  - 6p
AB  - In the development of the high performance steels (HPS) grades, three advisory groups were formed to oversee and guide the development of the steels in terms of their design, welding, and corrosion aspects. One of the aspects considered by the Welding Advisory Group (WAG) was how to butt splice HPS100W plates together without matching strength consumables. At the time the research began, matching 100-ksi-yield weld consumables were available but were also much more expensive than typical welding consumables for steel bridge fabrication. Therefore,  the WAG wanted to demonstrate the use of “optimized” welding as a potentially useful option for the HPS steels under certain circumstances. Optimized welding harnesses triaxial internal constraint, which wider and thicker plates can use to develop through-thickness stresses and demonstrate an  apparent increase in yield strength. Therefore, for particular combinations of joint width and thickness, an undermatched weld consumable could develop strengths equivalent to matching consumables. In this case, the “joint” is the butt splice between two different plates. Optimized welding is an attractive option in welds joining HPS plates of differing strength or when weld consumables match the HPS steel in terms of toughness but not in strength. Matching or overmatching welds are not necessary when optimization can be achieved. This TechBrief reports the results from two final tests in this overall research project.
KW  - Butt welds
KW  - Gas metal arc welding
KW  - High strength steel
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Steel bridges
KW  - Submerged arc welding
KW  - Triaxial shear tests
KW  - Weld strength
KW  - Weld tests
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/bridge/13102/13102.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278954
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01502002
AU  - Seeds, Stephen B
AU  - Peshkin, David G
AU  - Applied Pavement Technology, Incorporated
AU  - Arizona Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Maintenance Strategies
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 185p
AB  - In the mid-1990s, the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) initiated the Maintenance Cost Effectiveness study (SPR 371) with the development of plans and an experiment designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a variety of asphalt pavement maintenance treatments. During 1999 and 2001, ADOT oversaw the construction of hundreds of experimental sections throughout the state under the Phase I, Wearing Course Experiment (nine treatments and 82 sections at three sites), and the Phase II, Preventive Maintenance Experiment (24 treatments and 137 sections at four sites). Work continued in 2006 and 2007 under the Evaluation of Maintenance Strategies study (SPR 628) for ADOT with a yearlong program of pavement performance monitoring involving manual pavement distress surveys and automated skid, friction, and surface texture measurements at all the experimental sites. The project culminated with a detailed analysis of key pavement performance data to compare the performance of the individual treatments and determine their overall effectiveness. This report documents the independent findings of both the Phase I and II experiments.
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Arizona Department of Transportation
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Maintenance practices
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement maintenance
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Surface treating
KW  - Test sections
KW  - Wearing course (Pavements)
UR  - http://apps.azdot.gov/ADOTLibrary/publications/project_reports/PDF/AZ628.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1279840
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01501998
AU  - Zheng, Hong
AU  - Son, Young-Jun
AU  - Chiu, Yi-Chang
AU  - Head, Larry
AU  - Feng, Yiheng
AU  - Xi, Hui
AU  - Kim, Sojung
AU  - Hickman, Mark
AU  - University of Arizona, Tucson
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Primer for Agent-Based Simulation and Modeling in Transportation Applications
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 88p
AB  - Agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) methods have been applied across a spectrum of domains within transportation studies. Different paradigms for ABMS in transportation exist; in general ABMS has strong roots in the individual-based travelers' model in the activity-based travel demand domain. In the distributed system domain, ABMS is commonly seen as a method, known as multiagent systems, for a distributed autonomous system. Recently, transportation-related applications leveraging ABMS have continued to grow. This report attempts to clarify the concept of ABMS and summarize variant paradigms that have been studied in the transportation field. It will do this by distinguishing similarities of differences of the specified problems, model capabilities, strengths and weaknesses of ABMS scoped in different applications, and through a comprehensive review of ABMS approaches that have been seen in transportation studies. The report also seeks to connect the individual-based ABMS with the transportation problems viewed in the social science paradigm. This is achieved by trying to apply ABMS characterized by social science rules to study behavioral decisions of individual travelers. This exploratory study is demonstrated in an example of travelers' route choice decisions, which features a bottom-up, rather than a conventional top-down, approach to formulate the mechanism of an individual traveler's complex route choice behavioral process as a collaborative and reactive result of the traveler's mindset and the network environment integrated in an ABMS.
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Methodology
KW  - Multi-agent systems
KW  - Route choice
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Travel demand
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/advancedresearch/pubs/13054/13054.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278955
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01501717
AU  - Icenogle, Patrick
AU  - Kabir, Sharear
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Evaluation of Non-Destructive Technologies for Construction Quality Control of HMA and PCC Pavements in Louisiana
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 101p
AB  - Current roadway quality control and quality acceptance (QC/QA) procedures for the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) include coring for thickness, density, and air voids in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements and thickness and compressive strength for Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements. Non-destructive testing (NDT) devices, such as the light weight deflectometer (LWD) and the portable seismic pavement analyzer (PSPA), provide a non-destructive and portable means of quick in-place determination of pavement properties, resulting in an increase in sampling frequency to supplement coring. Many researchers have shown good trends between measurements of the NDTs and other pavement properties, though variability has shown to differ from report to report. The PSPA exhibited seismic modulus values of the surface layer with an average coefficient of variation (CoV) of 2 to 15 percent for repeat collections without moving the apparatus. The PSPA variability increased to a range of 6 to 28 percent if the apparatus changed orientation or moved within a close proximity. The LWD exhibited deflections values of the pavement structure with an average CoV of 4 to 12 percent for repeat collections without moving the apparatus. The PSPA exhibited project wide seismic modulus values with a CoV between 1 and 32 percent. The LWD exhibited project wide deflection values with a CoV between 18 and 55 percent. Factors that increased variability include: deterioration of the feet pads, presence of vibrations, placement of a foot into a groove, testing close to joints, and temperature. Changing the orientation of the sensors showed to increase the variability of the PSPA measurements; however, the variability increase is no different than moving the apparatus within a close proximity. Orientation of the sensors did not show to have a bias to measuring parallel or perpendicular to the paving direction. The strength gain measured by the PSPA correlated well with the strength gain of laboratory testing for only one of the PCC data sets for this study. The LWD deflections correlated well with the FWD deflections, but the back-calculated moduli of the surface layer did not correlate well. No trends were observed between the PSPA and LWD. A preliminary sampling procedure was developed for the PSPA as a quality control tool in Louisiana.
KW  - Deflectometers
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Nondestructive tests
KW  - Paving
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Quality assurance
KW  - Quality control
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2013/fr_493.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278426
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01501714
AU  - Herbel, Susan
AU  - Retting, Richard
AU  - Wemple, Elizabeth
AU  - Cambridge Systematics
AU  - Louisiana Transportation Research Center
AU  - Louisiana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Automated Enforcement and Highway Safety: Final Report
PY  - 2013/11//Technical Report
SP  - 101p
AB  - The objectives of the Automated Enforcement and Highway Safety Research study were to conduct a literature review of national research related to the effectiveness of Red Light Camera (RLC) programs in changing crash frequency, crash severity, crash costs, and violations; identify red light running program noteworthy practices, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and barriers; establish a record of current RLC applications in Louisiana communities and the observed safety impact of the programs; conduct a survey to understand public perception of RLC programs in Louisiana; review the existing statewide RLC policy, compare it to noteworthy practices, identify potential improvements; and develop a guidebook for implementing red light camera programs. The research led to recommendations to modify state policy to improve public support for red light cameras. Potential modifications include enhanced public education programs, additional signage, and clarification on right-turn-on-red violations at signalized intersections with red light cameras. The research also includes recommendations to maximize local agency involvement in site selection.
KW  - Automated enforcement
KW  - Crash rates
KW  - Crash severity
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Louisiana
KW  - Red light cameras
KW  - Red light running
KW  - Signalized intersections
UR  - http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2013/fr_510.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278427
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01501343
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Steele, Douglas A
AU  - Zabecki, Jessica Marcon
AU  - Zimmerman, Laura
AU  - Applied Research Associates, Incorporated
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Improving the Effectiveness of Nighttime Temporary Traffic Control Warning Devices, Volume 2: Evaluation of Nighttime Mobile Warning Lights
PY  - 2013/11
IS  - 13-032
SP  - 80p
AB  - Vehicle-mounted warning lights for nighttime mobile highway operations provide critical protection to workers and the driving public. Alerting the traveling public of the approaching work activity and providing guidance is vital to maintaining safety and mobility. Previous research conducted for IDOT on mobile lane closures (Steele and Vavrik 2009) identified driver confusion as a concern to the safety of nighttime highway operations. Users are subject to warning lights from multiple agencies with varying characteristics and configurations, but we know little about driver comprehension of these signals and their influence on driver behavior. Applied Research Associates, Inc. (ARA) studied the effectiveness of warning lights on nighttime highway operations, including mobile lane closures, incident responses, and police activities, by reviewing pertinent literature, performing observational and experimental field studies, and conducting driver surveys and focus groups of driver perceptions and behavior in response to nighttime mobile operations. The authors used a cognitive model of driver mental processes to analyze this information and better understand the interaction between warning lights and driver perception and behavior, and to identify and evaluate potential improvements to current practice. The research showed that drivers view current vehicle-mounted warning lights as highly visible, attention-getting, and effective at conveying the message caution/alert. However, intense lights can cause discomfort glare and multiple light sets on individual vehicles, or multiple vehicles at a location, can be distracting, annoying, or anxiety-inducing. Complex visual scenes can confuse drivers and take longer to process cognitively, leading to slower reaction times. Often, information provided by flashing arrows, signs, and changeable message signs can be interfered with by other warning lights on the same vehicle. Suggestions for improvement from the focus groups centered primarily on reducing the number of flashing lights, or synchronizing their flashing, on individual vehicles, reducing the intensity of specific lights, sequential flashing of arrows between multiple trucks in a convoy, and incorporating directional motion in light bars. Researchers were not able to test some of the ideas due to limitations of current device technology; however, field experiments on several suggested concepts showed the potential to improve driver perception, comprehension, and behavior by modifying the number, intensity, and synchronization of lights on individual vehicles, as well as between vehicles.
KW  - Mobile equipment
KW  - Night
KW  - Night visibility
KW  - Warning devices
KW  - Work zone traffic control
KW  - Work zones
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45991
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278996
ER  - 

TY  - CONF
AN  - 01500581
JO  - Transportation Research E-Circular
PB  - Transportation Research Board
AU  - Bonneson, James
AU  - Ivan, John
TI  - Theory, Explanation, and Prediction in Road Safety: Promising Directions
PY  - 2013/11
IS  - E-C179
SP  - 50p
AB  - On November 20-21, 2008, the Federal Highway Administration and the Transportation Research Board co-sponsored a workshop titled, Future Directions in Highway Crash Data Modeling.   The objectives of the workshop were (a) to explore promising future directions in highway crash data modeling and (b) to identify potential areas for advanced research to provide a theoretic foundation for explaining crash causation. The focus of the workshop was on the effect of highway infrastructure elements on safety. Goals of the research identified by workshop participants are the further development of science-based safety evaluation and the development of more stable, reliable, and transferrable highway safety predictive models. Twenty-five invited traffic safety researchers and practitioners attended the workshop. Experts in highway safety data analysis were brought together with experts from allied fields (such as epidemiology, public health, and human factors) to share their experiences and methods for quantifying treatment effects. Through breakout groups and plenary sessions, the participants were asked to describe critical issues and challenges; explore alternative modeling approaches and concepts; and identify promising new directions for explaining the contributing causes of crashes. This document summarizes the discussion and describes potential areas of advanced safety research identified by the participants. Four major research theme areas were identified:  Structural Modeling; Surrogate Measures of Safety; Improving the Evaluation of the Intervention Effectiveness; and  Multiscale Safety and Driver Behavior Modeling Approaches.   Each theme area  consists of several research components. These components identify specific research projects to address the issues associated with each theme area. These areas and their  components are described in detail in this circular.
U1  - Future Directions in Highway Crash Data ModelingTransportation Research BoardFederal Highway AdministrationWashington,DC,United States StartDate:20081120 EndDate:20081121 Sponsors:Transportation Research Board, Federal Highway Administration
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Crash data
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Highway factors in crashes
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Research
KW  - Structural models
KW  - Surrogate safety measures
KW  - Theory
KW  - Traffic crashes
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/169947.aspx
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278763
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01500069
AU  - Hallmark, Shauna
AU  - Cormicle, Larry
AU  - Rouse, Matt
AU  - Iowa State University, Ames
AU  - Iowa Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2013 Iowa DOT Engineering Intern Development and Management Program
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 52p
AB  - The Institute for Transportation (InTrans) at Iowa State University (ISU) developed an internship mentoring program in collaboration with the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) to provide additional mentorship to both student interns and Iowa DOT intern managers. For the summer 2013 Iowa DOT Engineering Intern Development and Management Program, this report summarizes the following: Mentoring activities conducted by ISU; Results of the different intern program success assessments that were conducted; Experiences, lessons learned, and recommendations; and Program benefits that were realized.
KW  - Education and training
KW  - Internships
KW  - Iowa State University
KW  - Mentoring
KW  - Transportation careers
KW  - Transportation engineering
UR  - http://publications.iowa.gov/15276/1/IADOT_InTrans_13-464_intern_dev_mgmt_program.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278029
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01500067
AU  - Elkins, Gary E
AU  - Rada, Gonzalo R
AU  - Groeger, Jonathan L
AU  - Visintine, Beth
AU  - AMEC Environment and Infrastructure, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Pavement Remaining Service Interval Implementation Guidelines
PY  - 2013/11//Implementation Guidelines
SP  - 66p
AB  - Many important decisions are necessary in order to effectively provide and manage a pavement network. At the heart of this process is the prediction of needed future construction events. One approach to providing a single numeric on the condition of a pavement network is the use of pavement remaining service life (RSL). However, many issues exist with the current RSL terminology and resulting numeric that complicate proper interpretation, interagency data exchange, and use. A major source of uncertainty in the current RSL definition is the use of the term “life” to represent multiple points in the pavement construction history. The recommended path to consistency involves adopting terminology of time remaining until a defined construction treatment is required (i.e., RSL is replaced by remaining service interval (RSI)). The term “RSI” has the ability to unify the outcome of different approaches to determine needs by focusing on when and what treatments are needed and the service interruption created. This report provides step-by-step guidelines for implementing the RSI terminology. A companion report (FHWA-HRT-13-038) presents the framework for replacing the current RSL terminology with one based on more exact construction event terms.
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Remaining service interval
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/13050/13050.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278033
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01500061
AU  - Elkins, Gary E
AU  - Thompson, Travis M
AU  - Groeger, Jonathan L
AU  - Visintine, Beth
AU  - Rada, Gonzalo R
AU  - AMEC Environment and Infrastructure, Incorporated
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Reformulated Pavement Remaining Service Life Framework
PY  - 2013/11//Final Draft Report
SP  - 84p
AB  - Many important decisions are necessary in order to effectively provide and manage a pavement network. At the heart of this process is the prediction of needed future construction events. One approach to providing a single numeric on the condition of a pavement network is the use of pavement remaining service life (RSL). However, many issues exist with the current RSL terminology and resulting numeric that complicate proper interpretation, interagency data exchange, and use. A major source of uncertainty in the current RSL definition is the use of the term “life” to represent multiple points in the pavement construction history. The recommended path to consistency involves adopting terminology of time remaining until a defined construction treatment is required (i.e., RSL is replaced by remaining service interval (RSI)). The term “RSI” has the ability to unify the outcome of different approaches to determine needs by focusing on when and what treatments are needed and the service interruption created. This report presents the framework for replacing the current RSL terminology with one based on more exact construction event terms. A companion document (FHWA-HRT-13-050) provides step-by-step guidelines for implementing the RSI terminology.
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Remaining service interval
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/13038/13038.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51100/51144/13038.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1278034
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01499711
AU  - Berry, Michael
AU  - Stephens, Jerry
AU  - Bermel, Bethany
AU  - Hagel, Adam
AU  - Schroeder, David
AU  - Western Transportation Institute
AU  - Montana Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
AU  - Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TI  - Feasibility of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement as Aggregate in Portland Cement Concrete
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 191p
AB  - This research effort was focused on evaluating the feasibility of using minimally processed reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) as aggregate replacement in concrete pavements. This research demonstrated that concretes with up to 50 percent of the fine aggregates and 100 percent of the coarse aggregates replaced with RAP were suitable for concrete pavement. A statistical experimental design procedure (response surface methodology – RSM) was used to investigate proportioning RAP concrete mixtures to achieve desired performance criteria. Based on the results of the RSM investigation, two concrete mixtures were selected for further evaluation: a high RAP mix with fine and coarse aggregate replacement rates of 50 and 100 percent respectively, and a “high” strength mix with one half of the RAP used in the high RAP mix. Both mixes met Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) concrete pavement specifications for slump (1.5 inches), air content (6 percent), and 28-day compressive and tensile strengths (3,000 psi and 500 psi, respectively). These two concrete mixtures were subjected to a suite of mechanical and durability tests to evaluate their potential use in Montana roadways. Mechanical properties tested were compressive and tensile strength, elastic modulus, shrinkage, and creep. Durability tests included alkali-silica reactivity, absorption, abrasion, chloride permeability, freeze-thaw resistance, and scaling. Overall, both mixes performed adequately in these mechanical and durability tests, although it is important to note that the inclusion of RAP had an obvious negative impact on nearly every property tested relative to those of control mixes made with 100 percent conventional aggregates.
KW  - Aggregates by gradation
KW  - Concrete pavements
KW  - Durability tests
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - Mechanical tests
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Montana
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Reclaimed asphalt pavements
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/research_proj/cement/FINAL_REPORT_NOV13.pdf
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/webdata/external/research/docs/research_proj/cement/FINAL_REPORT_NOV13.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1268230
ER  - 

TY  - SER
AN  - 01499643
JO  - Civil Engineering Studies, Illinois Center for Transportation Series
PB  - University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AU  - Ouyang, Yanfeng
AU  - Illinois Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - 2012 National State Safety Engineers and Traffic Engineers Peer-To-Peer Workshop
PY  - 2013/11
IS  - 13-031
SP  - 130p
AB  - The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and the Illinois Center for Transportation (ICT) sponsored and hosted the 2012 National State Safety Engineers and Traffic Engineers Peer-to-Peer Workshop on November 14 and 15, 2012, at the Hyatt Regency Woodfield hotel in Schaumburg, Illinois. The peer-exchange workshop was attended by representatives of highway safety engineers and traffic engineers from 33 states, and the discussion focus was the implementation of a variety  of safety engineering and traffic operations countermeasures and initiatives, in addition to complying with new federal rules. The workshop covered a wide range of topics, including the history of mobility and safety; the national scene and perspective; linking safety engineering and traffic engineering efforts; organizational structures of state agencies and the interrelationships  between traffic and safety engineering procedures; managing performance (operations and safety), and systematic safety and operations. This report summarizes the attendee statistics, the conference program, the main activities (including 17 presentation and discussion sessions), and feedback provided on attendee surveys.
KW  - Countermeasures
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Illinois
KW  - Mobility
KW  - Peer groups
KW  - Policy
KW  - Safety engineering
KW  - State government agencies
KW  - Traffic engineering
KW  - Workshops
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/2142/46368
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1277862
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01499640
AU  - Thiagarajan, Ganesh
AU  - Myers, John
AU  - Halmen, Ceki
AU  - Nalagotla, Jitesh
AU  - Muncy, Nathan
AU  - University of Missouri, Kansas City
AU  - Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Bridge Approach Slabs for Missouri DOT: Field Evaluation of Alternative and
Cost Efficient Bridge Approach Slabs
PY  - 2013/11//Final Report
SP  - 158p
AB  - A recent study on cost efficient alternative bridge approach slab (BAS) designs (Thiagarajan et al. 2010) has recommended three new BAS designs for possible implementation by Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) namely a) 20 ft cast-in-place (CIP) slab with sleeper slab (CIP20SLP) - for new construction on major roads, b) 25 and 20 ft precast-prestressed slab with sleeper slab (PCPS20SLP)- for replacement and new construction applications on major and minor roads, and c) 25 ft modified BAS without a sleeper slab for new CIP construction on minor roads (CIP25NOSLP). The objective of the project here is to evaluate and compare the field performance of the recommended BAS designs, their constructability, and their impact on cost and schedule to the current MoDOT BAS design. Two PCPS20SLP, one CIP20SLP and two CIP25NOSLP implementations have been implemented and studied for this report. One PCPS20SLP panel was also tested in the laboratory for several washout conditions and for its ultimate capacity. Based on field observations, data recorded and analyzed, preconstruction and post construction cost analyses, this study has found that all the suggested designs are performing well and are lower in cost compared to current designs used in practice.
KW  - Bridge approaches
KW  - Bridge decks
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - Cast in place structures
KW  - Costs
KW  - Field studies
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Laboratory tests
KW  - Missouri Department of Transportation
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TRyy1121/cmr13-010_Final.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1277060
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545070
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-10. The Impacts of Energy Developments on U.S. Roads and Bridges
AB  - The energy sector (e.g., oil, natural gas, mining, wind, biofuels, and solar) has been a major contributor to many U.S. state economies such as Texas, Pennsylvania, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Iowa, in many instances tempering the effects of the recent U.S. economic recession. The road and bridge infrastructure of these states has played a critical role in supporting and developing the energy reserves.  At the same time, the energy sector is placing significant financial and operational demands on state and local transportation systems. Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent each year on road repairs necessitated by energy development. For example, the oil and gas industry requires the movement of aggregate, equipment, and water to drilling sites, and flowback fluids from the well sites. Rural roads and bridges that were designed to provide land access with little thought given to high traffic or heavy loadings are now subjected to loads and traffic beyond their design limits due to energy development. Transportation agencies are challenged to address the increased damages resulting from energy-related traffic. Measures that have been taken to address this challenge include requiring surety instruments, permits, and excess maintenance agreements from energy companies.  The objective of this synthesis is to document the impacts of the energy sector on roads and bridges and state-of-the-practice strategies to minimize and mitigate those impacts. The report will help transportation managers and agencies understand and communicate energy development impacts on roads and bridges and choose strategies for managing them.  Information gathered will include, but is not limited to, documentation of the following: (1) Areas of the country where road infrastructure damage from energy development is an issue for state or local transportation agencies. Identify the types of development associated with the infrastructure damage; (2) Engineering methods used by agencies to assess and address heavy loads and high traffic volume created by energy development; (3) Tools being used by agencies to assess costs and pay for damages to roads related to energy development. Tools include taxes, fees, and reimbursement mechanisms; (4) How agencies are addressing the safety implications of increased vehicle volumes related to energy development. Examples include speed, dust, geometry, conflict with local traffic, intersections, and roadway width (5) Examples of agency and industry collaboration to address roadway issues; and (6) Knowledge gaps and future research to address those gaps.  Information will be gathered by literature review, survey of state departments of transportation (DOTs), selected local transportation agencies, the US Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and follow up interviews with selected agencies. The survey of state DOTs will be a screening survey to identify appropriate state and local agency contacts for a more detailed survey. The report will include case examples illustrating effective practices, including those listed above. The consultant will provide a methodology for state and local agency outreach and follow-up.
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Costs
KW  - Energy resources
KW  - Impacts
KW  - Low volume roads
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Resource development
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Traffic loads
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3587
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332524
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01499275
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Opportunities Exist to Strengthen FHWA's Coordination, Guidance, and Oversight of the Tribal Transportation Program
PY  - 2013/10/30
SP  - 21p
AB  - The Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Tribal Transportation Program (TTP) provides funding for safe and adequate transportation and public road access to, within, and through tribal reservations, tribal lands, and Alaska Native Villages. TTP projects range from board roads for all-terrain vehicles on the marshy Alaskan tundra to significant road construction. According to FHWA’s Office of Federal Lands Highway (FLH), over 8 billion vehicle miles are traveled annually on the TTP system, but more than 60 percent of its roads are unpaved and 27 percent of its bridges are deficient. From fiscal years 2005 to 2012, the TTP received about $3.5 billion in congressional appropriations, including $310 million provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). FLH and the Department of Interior’s Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) jointly administer and oversee the TTP. Tribes enter into agreements with either FLH or BIA to receive funding for their tribal transportation projects and overall technical assistance on the program. The U.S. Department of Transportation Office of Inspector General (OIG) initiated this audit to assess whether FLH is (1) effectively coordinating with BIA to administer and manage the TTP and (2) providing adequate oversight of TTP projects under agreements with tribes. FLH and BIA routinely coordinate in key TTP areas, such as conducting reviews of tribal transportation programs. However, FLH and BIA have opportunities to improve coordination on National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) approvals and final acceptance of TTP projects. The existing agreements between FLH and BIA do not reconcile the two Agencies’ different processes and requirements for NEPA approvals or reflect FLH’s current role in assisting tribes. Although FLH has developed some processes for reviewing the tribes’ management of transportation projects, its oversight is not based on sufficient data on tribes’ program risks and needs. OIG requested project and funding information for all completed projects and projects under construction for the tribes in our sample, but FLH did not provide accurate data for 7 out of the 10 tribes. It can be difficult for FLH and tribes to clearly understand and comply with program requirements. Insufficient data on program and project activities and unclear, outdated program guidance impedes FLH’s ability to effectively advise tribes and ensure that projects meet Federal requirements.
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Federal Aid Program Administration (Federal Highway Administration)
KW  - Federal Lands Highway Program
KW  - Management
KW  - Native Americans
KW  - Oversight
KW  - Tribal government
KW  - U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs
UR  - http://www.oig.dot.gov/sites/dot/files/FHWA%20Tribal%20Transportation%20Program%20Oversight%20Report%5E10-30-13.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1268229
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01516597
AU  - Strawderman, Lesley
AU  - Zhang, Li
AU  - Huang, Yunchen
AU  - Nandi, Apurba
AU  - Mississippi State University, Mississippi State
AU  - Mississippi Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Driver Speed Limit Compliance in School Zones: Assessing the Impact of Sign Saturation
PY  - 2013/10/29/Final Report
SP  - 50p
AB  - School zones are often viewed as an effective way to reduce driving speeds and thereby improve safety near our nation’s schools. The effect of school zones on reducing driving speeds, however, is minimal at best. Studies have shown that over 90% of drivers exceed speed limits posted in school zones (Trinkaus, 1996; Trinkaus, 1998). Many drivers report that their lack of speed reduction was based on the fact that they were unaware that they were in a school zone (Ash, 2006). Researchers have investigated methods used to increase driver compliance for some time (McCoy, Mohaddes, & Haden, 1981). Based on the results of empirical studies, effective methods include increased enforcement (Dumbaugh & Frank, 2007), appropriate speed zone settings (Day, 2007; McCoy & Heimann, 1990), visual placement of school buildings and play equipment (Clifton & Kreamer-Fults, 2007), and speed monitoring devices (Ash, 2006; Lee et. al., 2006). In a recent study, (Kattan, et al., 2011) found that in the situation when there are 2-lane roads, roads with fencing, traffic control devices and the presence of speed display devices or children, and zones that were longer, drivers’ mean speed was lower and the rate of compliance was higher.
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Drivers
KW  - Mississippi
KW  - Signs
KW  - Speed limits
KW  - Speed zones
KW  - Traffic safety
UR  - http://mdot.ms.gov/documents/research/Reports/Interim%20and%20Final%20Reports/State%20Study%20253%20-%20Driver%20Speed%20Limit%20Compliance%20In%20School%20Zones%20-%20Assessing%20The%20Impact%20Of%20Sign%20Saturation.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1300240
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547230
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-15. Fiber Additives in Asphalt Mixtures
AB  - Although fiber additives have been used in asphalt mixtures for a number of years, the industry lacks information to guide their evaluation, specification, and use in applications other than stone matrix asphalt (SMA) and open graded friction course (OGFC). A synthesis document summarizing the current state of knowledge and current practices, concerning the use of fiber additives, would be highly beneficial. It can be a basis for (1) agency decisions concerning the use of fiber additives, (2) identification of the challenges and benefits of fiber additives, and (3) identification of the specific knowledge gaps that currently exist.  The scope of this synthesis study will focus on the use of fiber additives to improve pavement performance. Results will benefit government agencies, researchers, and the road-building industry in providing guidance on successful practices for the evaluation, specification, mix design, and construction of asphalt pavements containing fibers.  This synthesis will include a literature review and a survey of state and local departments of transportation (DOTs), Canadian ministries of transportation and other public agencies. International agencies' experience will be reviewed as available. From the results of the survey, 3 to 5 agencies are to be selected and case examples of their practices will be developed. Lessons learned and gaps in information will also be covered.  Information gathered will include, but not be limited to the following: (1)Types of fibers (materials, dimensions, applications, sources, etc.); (2) Specifications, test methods, and acceptance criteria; (3) Fiber quality, interactions, and supply issues; (4) Health, safety, and environmental considerations; (5) Usage of fibers on both an experimental and production basis; (6) Mix design, production, placement and acceptance issues/resolutions; (7) Impact on performance (climate, traffic, application, fiber type, etc.); (8) Performance mechanisms/material characteristics; (9) Cost/benefits; and (10) Impact on recycled materials
KW  - Asphalt additives
KW  - Asphalt mixtures
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Specifications
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3592
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334211
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560099
AU  - Jensen, Mark
AU  - Schiller, Roger
AU  - Williamson, Michael
AU  - Fayez, Sam
AU  - Cambridge Systematics, Incorporated
AU  - Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - South Florida Freight Advanced Traveler Information System: Demonstration Plan
PY  - 2013/10/25
SP  - 46p
AB  - This Demonstration Plan has been prepared to provide guidance and a common definition to all parties of the testing program that will be conducted for the South Florida Freight Advanced Traveler Information System (FRATIS) Demonstration Project. More specifically, this document provides: (1) Planning information that identifies all demonstration elements and site information; (2) Experimental information to support the Impacts Assessment (IA) Team that includes demonstration hypotheses, testing protocols, and data elements collected; and (3) Methods for providing data outputs from this project to the IA Team, and to the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Research Data Exchange.
KW  - Advanced traveler information systems
KW  - Demonstration projects
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Freight transportation
KW  - Impacts
KW  - South Florida
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54400/54485/Fratis_FHWA-JPO-14-182.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1344671
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547649
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Planning. Task 119. Transportation Users Guide to the Economic Census
AB  - The U.S. Census Bureau collects and disseminates data on individuals, households, industrial production and employment, commodity flows, international trade, and other topics that are used in transportation. Demographic products such as the Decennial Census, the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics program, and the American Community Survey (ACS) are probably the best known and most utilized Census products for transportation planning, travel forecasting, and policy making. The Economic Census includes the Commodity Flow Survey but other parts of the Economic Census and its related data programs are less well known and less well utilized by transportation professionals. The Economic Census sector and industry reports on transportation, Service Annual Survey, Quarterly Services Survey, Annual Survey of Manufacturers, Foreign Trade Statistics, and Manufacturer's Shipments, Inventories, and Orders, are currently being used in transportation performance measures, freight planning, transportation and economic development assessments, and a variety of other applications. The Economic Census is also the basis for the Commodity Flow Survey, County Business Patterns, and other products used by the transportation community. The effective use of the Census Bureau's economic data could be increased significantly by providing transportation professionals with a guide to available data, including examples of applications. Data collection for the next Economic Census and related surveys is underway, with release of preliminary data sets scheduled for 2013, and detailed data sets starting in 2014 through 2016. Given the anticipated release of major data products, as well as the ongoing availability of data collected on a quarterly and annual basis, a guide would be of immediate use and benefit to transportation professionals at all levels, university researchers, consultants, and other groups. The objective of this project is to develop a guidebook for transportation planners, analysts, and other professionals, on what data the Economic Census contains and how it can be applied to transportation issues. The guidebook will include: (1) descriptions of the Economic Census elements and related data sources; (2) best practices; (3) case studies to illustrate aspects of the guidebook; (4) explanations of transportation applications and analysis methods; and (5) examples of effective visual presentations of the data, including cross sectional and time-focused data.
KW  - Census
KW  - Commodity flow
KW  - Data collection
KW  - Economic development
KW  - Information dissemination
KW  - International trade
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3524
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335202
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01546290
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Planning. Task 118. Performance Measures for State Infrastructure Preservation
AB  - The objective of this research is to produce a limited set of performance measures and analysis tools that states, local governments, and metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs), can use to better understand and communicate the costs and benefits of pavement and bridge infrastructure preservation activities which restore facility condition and extend the service life. The measures and tools should reflect the impacts of preservation investments on lifecycle costs, and impacts on system users.   The set of measures should be designed to inform agency decision making as well as to educate the public on the impact of preservation investments. There are numerous efforts underway to measure the condition and performance of the transportation system. Research is also ongoing to develop performance based planning and programming processes. Historically, most measures of infrastructure health have focused on the condition of pavement and bridges, and measuring end conditions such as the percentage of structurally deficient bridges and percentage of smooth pavement. As states more fully implement dynamic asset management systems that measure a broad set of infrastructure health indices, they are able to improve the cost effectiveness of their of their investments--and to more specifically target investments to meet desired preservation goals. Preservation activities are intended to maximize the life of an asset and minimize the life cycle cost to maintain the asset by preventing deterioration of the asset to a state where replacement or extensive rehabilitation of core structural elements is required. Ideally, preservation activities should be performed as close as practical to the end of the "window of opportunity" and before more costly work becomes necessary. Current infrastructure performance measures are largely focused on measuring infrastructure end conditions, and not on measuring the specific benefits from implementing a preservation investment strategy. Devoting additional resources to system preservation, however, means that less funding is available in the short term for more costly replacement or reconstruction projects. With increasing funding constraints at all levels of government, transportation asset owners would benefit from a set of performance measures that can clearly relate the life cycle costs of preservation investments to the benefits derived from these investments.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Bridges
KW  - Condition surveys
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Life cycle costing
KW  - Metropolitan planning organizations
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Service life
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3523
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1333172
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543755
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-03. Current Practices to Set a DBE Goal on Design-Build Projects
AB  - State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are required to establish a triennial Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) participation goal for federal-aid highway contracts using funds disbursed by the Federal Highway Administration. These goals typically are met through goals on individual Design-Bid-Build (DBB) projects. The federal regulatory mandate is set forth in Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (Part 26). These regulations were written with a focus on DBB.  Unlike DBB projects, states contract with a single entity on design-build projects to provide both design and construction. Design-build projects have become a common contracting method in recent years, as well as other alternative project delivery methods, such as Construction Manager/General Contractor (CMGC), Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR), and Public Private Partnerships (P3).  Alternative project delivery methods pose a unique set of problems for DBE goal calculation and monitoring. Part 26 and court decisions require DOTs to narrowly tailor the project goal based on statistical data concerning DBE firms' relative availability in the relevant markets. Many state procurement laws require DOTs to contract with a prime consultant or contractor, and the DBE goal becomes part of that contract. A logical reading of Part 26 would suggest that DOTs calculate contract goals on both the design and construction portions to create the overall project goal. Because DOTs award a contract before design is complete on projects using alternative project delivery methods, it is difficult to determine the universe of opportunities that will be available to DBEs during the life of the project. Therefore, State DOTs have challenges concerning when and how to establish a reasonable DBE goal for all phases of a project.  This study will review and synthesize problems that DOTs face when setting DBE contract goals and monitoring compliance on design-build projects and other alternative project delivery methods. The study will collect information through a review of literature, a screening survey to State DBE Liaisons, and a second survey that will gather in-depth information about state DOT practices.  The purpose of the screening survey will be to identify the appropriate contact or key personnel responsible for DBE goal setting. The second, in-depth survey will: (1) Document design-build projects and identify practices used to establish the DBE goal for the project at the design and construction phases; (2) Identify practices, tools and methods used by DOTs to monitor achievement of the DBE goal, compliance, and to evaluate Good Faith Efforts during the life of the projects; (3) Provide information on creating, interpreting or enforcing Part 26 on alternative delivery projects; (4) Document P3 projects and how these projects comply with Part 26 and if there are similarities on issues of compliance as with other alternative delivery projects. The final synthesis report should: (1) Summarize state DOT practices in setting the DBE goal in alternative delivery projects; (2) Highlight program examples that reflect a diverse scale of projects, from small to mega-projects; (3) Include perspectives from DBEs, design consultants and contractors about subcontracting opportunities identified to meet DBE goals for alternative delivery projects. This information can be gathered through the literature review or interviews. and (4) Include examples of documents that pertain to DBE participation in alternative project delivery methods, including but not limited to Requests for Proposals (RFPs), Requests for Qualifications (RFQs), state DOT contract specifications, DOT policy documents on this subject, and DBE Participation Plans.
KW  - Business practices
KW  - Compliance
KW  - Design build
KW  - Disadvantaged business enterprises
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Regulation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3580
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331862
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01573309
TI  - Development of an SPS-2 Pavement Preservation Experiment
AB  - This pooled fund effort is established to develop a second tier experiment based upon the existing SPS-2 experiment. The objective is to define the proper intervention timing and strategy selections enabling more effective infrastructure management and pavement life extension. In addition, this effort should develop tools for determining strategy selection and pavement life extension for incorporation into pavement and maintenance management systems.
KW  - Experiments
KW  - Maintenance management
KW  - Pavement management systems
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Service life
KW  - SPS-2
UR  - http://www.pooledfund.org/Details/Study/533
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1366533
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547228
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-06. Active and Passive Speed Management Methods in Work Zones: Technology and Procedures
AB  - In 2009, there were 33,808 persons killed due to accidents on highways in the United States, out of which 667 fatalities were in construction/maintenance zones, representing approximately 2% of the total fatalities.  Work zone fatalities and severity of injuries is an impact and cost to society, and more particularly, the safety of work zone personnel and the traveling public, due to the inherent risk of working in close proximity to moving traffic. Excessive traveling speed is often a contributing factor in vehicular crashes, and transportation agencies have managed traffic speeds with use of various passive and active speed control methods. The objective of active and passive work zone speed management is to reduce the number and severity of crashes, while balancing mobility.  The study and evaluation of the most suitable applications of each method of work zone speed management is critical because economics, human resources, and logistical constraints may influence the implementation. Also, state laws may not allow use of certain speed management methods in every work zone.  Information is necessary to determine effective applications and combinations of known methods best suited for different types of roadways, work zones, and traffic conditions.  The 2013 National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) study titled, "Traffic Enforcement Strategies in Work Zones," identifies some of the knowledge gaps in this area, including  the coordinated use of enforcement and speed trailers, use of passive versus active enforcement, evaluation of Operation Hardhat , and use of law enforcement. The purpose of this synthesis study is to identify and compile strategies, practices and technologies that transportation agencies have used to manage speeds and reduce the inherent risk in work zones. Information will be assembled through (1) a literature review and study of state policy and manual documentation, (2) a survey of state departments of transportation (DOTs), sent through members of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Standing Committee on Research, and toll authorities, and (3) follow up interviews with states. Information to be gathered will include, but not be limited to the following: (1) Data regarding the effectiveness of use or combination of  active and/or passive methods of speed and queue control in work zones; (2) Combinations of control strategies based on traffic, work zone and roadway conditions that have been utilized; (3) How traffic control strategies are organized and available within transportation agencies; (4) The effectiveness of public campaigns such as Florida's Operation Hardhat, California's Operation "MOVE OVER" or other innovative methods of work zone information dissemination; (5) State conducted research regarding speed management in work zones; and (6) Case examples that illustrate the results of strategies by transportation agencies.
KW  - Active safety systems
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Passive safety
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Safety campaigns
KW  - Speed control
KW  - Work zone safety
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3583
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334209
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545073
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-14. Practices for Permitting Superheavy Load Movements on Highway Pavements
AB  - Superheavy loads vary across the country. For this synthesis, generally, the study seeks to document states' processes in this area and those whose permits require additional engineering analysis. The impact of increasing superheavy loads on the pavement performance is a growing concern and challenge to the highway agencies. Two main concerns regarding the superheavy load movements for highway agencies are: (1) the pavement damage potential of a rapid, load-induced failure under superheavy loads and (2) allocation of highway cost to a superheavy load move due to its critical contribution to the accumulation of pavement distresses. Although different processes have been used by state departments of transportation (DOTs), these processes have not been adequately documented. Furthermore, current permitting processes may not be commensurate with the cost-responsibility of superheavy load movements. The objective of this study is to collect and review information relevant to superheavy load movements on highway pavements, including pavement analysis models and methods, permitting processes, and highway cost allocation methods. This information may be obtained from domestic and international literature, a survey of state highway agencies and other sources. From survey results, 3 to 5 agencies from varying regions will be selected and case examples will be developed. Lessons learned and gaps in information will also be covered.  Information gathered will include, but not be limited to documentation of the following: (1) Permitting processes for "overweight"; (2) How states define "superheavy" loads; (3) Available data on distresses attributed to heavy loads; (4) Impact on pavement performance and service life; (5) Methods and procedures used for modeling/engineering impacts and fees and changes over time; (6) Identification of how the existing structure is taken into consideration during the permit process; (7) Sub-surface utility considerations; (8) Cost allocation; (9) Mitigation strategies for reducing potential pavement damage/failure; and (10) State inter-connectivity
KW  - Cost allocation
KW  - Failure
KW  - Heavy vehicles
KW  - Highways
KW  - Impacts
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Service life
KW  - Superheavy load
KW  - Traffic loads
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3591
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332527
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547403
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 347. Test Methods of Watertightness of Culvert Joints
AB  - Pipe joint design considerations are a critical component for the overall performance of culvert and storm drain installations. Experience has shown that the component responsible for many culvert and sewer performance problems and failures can be traced back to the pipe joint. The structural and hydraulic performance of the joint affects the stability of backfill and soil envelope around the pipe, the line and grade of the culvert, integrity of the overlying embankment and pavement, and compliance to storm and sanitary sewer permits. Structural design methods have been developed for moment-transfer and moment-release joints in reinforced concrete, corrugated steel, and thermoplastic culverts in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Web-Only Document 190: Structural Design of Culvert Joints. The proposed structural design methods provide values of shear force, and bending moment or rotation associated with earth loads and vehicle loads. In addition, a new pipe joint test frame which focused on structural performance was developed to establish whether joints have the capacity to accommodate the expected shear forces, moments and rotations. For hydraulic performance there has been no investigation for joint leakage of water infiltration or exfiltration. In addition, gaskets, o-rings or other seals used in joints normally feature natural or synthetic rubber that can exhibit time dependent response (e.g. creep under sustained load, or stress reductions under sustained deformations). Therefore, changes in contact pressures are expected between the surfaces of the seal and the surfaces of the pipe or band, so the ability to resist internal or external fluid pressure may change with time. Test methods need to be developed to establish whether specific joints in specific products remain watertight under short and long-term operation. The objective of this research is to develop recommended test methods for joint leakage (i.e., watertightness) in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standard format. The test method should consider the AASHTO Standard Practice for Pipe Joint Selection for Highway culvert and Storm Drains -AASHTO Designation: PP63-09.   Accomplishment of the project objective will require at least the following tasks: (1.) Conduct a literature search necessary to support the project objective; (2.) Identify testing variables and performance criteria for various joint types and pipe materials that should be specified as part of the recommended test methods; (3.) Develop a test plan to fully assess the proposed test methods in Task 2. Submit the test plan for panel review. NCHRP approval will be required before proceeding with the remaining tasks; (4.) Conduct the test plan approved in Task 3; (5.) Identify key parameters affecting testing outcomes and prescribe revised test methods; (6.) Submit draft test methods no later than 4 months after the Task 3 approval. NCHRP approval will be required before proceeding with the remaining tasks; (7.) Present the proposed test methods in AASHTO standard format to the AASHTO Subcommittee on Bridges and Structures, Technical Committee T-13 Culverts; and Subcommittee on Materials, Technical Sections: 4a--Rigid Pipe and 4b--Flexible and Metallic Pipe for review and comment; (8.) Update proposed test method after consideration of review comments and develop an implementation plan for the recommended test methods; and (9.) Prepare a final report that documents the entire research effort. Following receipt of the draft final report, the remaining 2 months shall be for NCHRP review and comment and for research agency preparation of the revised final report.
KW  - Construction joints
KW  - Culvert pipe
KW  - Culverts
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Test procedures
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3503
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334667
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545075
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Public Transportation. Task 55. Estimating the Long Term Impacts of MAP-21 on the Nation's Local Rural Transit Bus Infrastructure
AB  - The availability of capital acquisition resources, especially for bus replacement and fleet expansion is an extremely important element of effective and efficient rural transit services. Historically, timely access to federal funds has provided the bulk of the funding to help meet these needs. MAP-21 took several dramatic turns as it relates to funding made available for maintaining the nation's local transit bus infrastructure. Of particular concern is the elimination of the Bus and Bus Facilities Program as it was known under Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) and Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21). Under SAFETEA-LU, Bus and Bus Facilities/Section 5309 was a discretionary program. In early years of SAFETEA-LU (as well as in TEA-21) this program included authorization earmarks (HPPs) and annual appropriation earmarks. In the later years of SAFETEA-LU, these funds were programmed by the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) via various competitive grant programs, such as State of Good Repair and Bus Livability. Under SAFETEA-LU and TEA-21 the Section 5309 program was a significant source of capital funding for addressing routine annual capital needs, such as bus replacements and facility rehabs, as well as large-scale, multi-year projects, such as new facilities and large scale bus replacements with newer technology (low floor, alternative fuel, articulated, etc.). The name "Bus and Bus Facilities" program continues to exist in Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21), but it is now a formula program. The overall program is much smaller than its SAFETEA-LU namesake. Nationwide, the Bus and Bus Facilities program was a $942M program in FY2012 (9% of the total Federal Transit Administration [FTA] program that year). Under MAP-21, the new Bus and Bus Facilities Formula Program is $422M program nationwide (4% of the total FTA program). In the new program, $65M is allocated nationally with each state receiving a statewide allocation of $1.25M (and each territory receiving $500,000). Each state also receives a small annual apportionment for its small urbanized areas. The remaining funds are allocated to each large urbanized area by formula using the Section 5307 formula. As a result of the program getting smaller and the change in the method of apportionment, the program significantly disadvantages the nation's rural bus systems when compared to the SAFETEA-LU Section 5309 program. This negative impact is further exacerbated by another change in MAP-21. MAP-21 establishes a new grant program to maintain public transportation systems in a state of good repair. While the basic talking points on this program talk about its value in getting the nations' public transportation system into a state of good repair (SOGR), this program is actually limited to capital expenses for fixed guideway systems (including rail, bus rapid transit, and passenger ferries) and high intensity bus (high intensity bus refers to buses operating in high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes.). Most rural bus systems will not be able to access the program. Of particular concern to State departments of transportation (DOT's) is the rural bus infrastructure for which the states receive federal funds. Therefore this research proposal focuses on the rural transit system only (and local transit only, not rural intercity bus). However, American Public Transit Association (APTA) or others may be interested in expanding this research at a later date to focus on the nation's entire bus infrastructure. The objective of this research is to produce a report that includes an analysis and an estimate of the short term and long term impacts of MAP-21 on the nation's rural bus infrastructure.
KW  - Buses
KW  - Earmarks
KW  - Financing
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users
KW  - State of good repair
KW  - Vehicle fleets
KW  - Vehicle maintenance
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3624
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332529
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01610819
AU  - Rangaraju, Prasada Rao
AU  - Balitsaris, Marcus
AU  - Kizhakkumodom, Harish
AU  - Clemson University
AU  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Impact of Aggregate Gradation on PCC Performance Properties
PY  - 2013/10/15/Final Report
SP  - 102p
AB  - Increasingly, aggregates in South Carolina are failing to meet the standard requirements for gradation for use in portland cement concrete. The effect of such failed aggregate gradations on concrete properties and the consequent effect on short- and long-term performance of the structures are poorly understood. Furthermore, a rational basis to accept or reject concrete containing such out-of-specification aggregate is not available at the present time. The goal of this project was to provide South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) with guidance on determining whether concrete containing aggregate with an out-of-specification gradation should be accepted or rejected. The principal objective of this investigation was to study the influence of variations in aggregate gradations on selected properties of concrete. The experimental methodology for this research study consisted of using aggregates size fractions that are sieved into individual size fractions and recombining them in definite proportions to create a range of gradations, some within the bounds of the acceptable gradation (Control-1, Control-2, Control-3) and some out-of-specification gradations. Concrete specimens were prepared with such aggregate gradations and a range of fresh and hardened properties of concrete were evaluated. Results from these studies indicated that deviations in fine aggregate gradation from the Control-2 gradation had relatively larger influence on properties of concrete compared to coarse aggregate. Also, the differences in gradations of aggregates within control gradations (i.e. between Control-1 and Control-3 gradation) had more significant influence on properties of concrete, compared to the out-of-specification gradations. In general, the effects of deviations in gradations from the Control-2 gradation had minimal influence on compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete. However, properties such as slump of fresh concrete, split tensile strength and rapid chloride ion permeability were more significantly influenced by the deviations in the gradations.
KW  - Aggregate gradation
KW  - Compressive strength
KW  - Durability
KW  - Modulus of elasticity
KW  - Permeability
KW  - Portland cement concrete
KW  - Slump test
KW  - South Carolina
KW  - Specifications
KW  - Tensile strength
UR  - http://www.scdot.scltap.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/SCDOT-SPR-689-Project-Final-Report1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1420977
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01497519
TI  - Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) Pavement
AB  - This experimental features project originally consisted of three different WMA projects throughout the state. The project was revised to include only the I 15 project. The Monida-Lima (SB), I 15 project consisted of placing three types of warm mix asphalts with different technologies (Evotherm, Sasobit, and foaming) and a hot mix asphalt control section. Each section of the different technologies is approximately a quarter of the project length. The beginning and ending point of each section and the product used will be clearly defined. The objective of this research project is to determine the effectiveness of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) using three WMA additives and technologies compared to MDT's standard Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) surfacing.
KW  - Asphalt pavements
KW  - Evotherm
KW  - Hot mix asphalt
KW  - Materials tests
KW  - Montana
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Paving
KW  - Sasobit
KW  - Warm mix paving mixtures
UR  - http://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/research/external/docs/epsl/warm_mix/evaluation.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1267391
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01549660
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Public Transportation. Task 51. Approaches To Improving the Grant Approval Processes for Transit Projects
AB  - The current Federal Transit Administration  (FTA) grant approval processes were developed and revised over many years. The review and approval processes have evolved to meet changing demands and programs, and have also become more complicated.  Previous research on examining issues associated with the grant processes include National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Research Results Digest 320: Current State Issues with Implementing FTA Section 5310 and 5311 , and NCHRP RRD 314: State DOT Staff Resources for Administering FTA Programs.  The Government Accountability Office (GAO) has also published related assessments of various grant management programs. The objective of this research is to examine approaches for improving the FTA grant approval processes particularly as it relates to streamlining applications and releasing funds to agencies quickly. More broadly, the research will examine how transportation funding approval processes and approaches may be applied to transit projects and FTA funding processes. The researchers will examine different grant program models, approaches and practices in use by other agencies with the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) (e.g., Federal Highway Administration [FHWA] and Federal Aviation administration [FAA]) as well as other relevant grant-administering programs. The research will seek to identify existing process limitations and barriers as well as the potential benefits to streamlining opportunities. The researchers will seek to identify processes that have expedited approval processes using various process tools such as programmatic agreements, pre-defined scopes of work, standardized specifications, recurring and routine procurements, standards for other recurring and routine activities, and "grouping" projects with similar scopes of work.
KW  - Approval process
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Grant aid
KW  - Management
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Streamlining
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3620
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1340006
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01545244
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Public Transportation. Task 50. Strategic Plan for the Standing Committee on Public Transportation
AB  - This project will create a strategic plan for Standing Committee on Public Transportation (SCOPT).  The purpose of the Strategic Plan is to guide the activities of SCOPT over the next few years, and provide a foundation for future editions of the strategic plan.  Advantages of having a strategic plan include the following: (1) Identification of an Executive Committee to handle many of the duties that are currently vested with the full SCOPT; (2) Clearly identifying goals and objectives for SCOPT; (3) Efficient expenditure of limited programmatic dollars available to SCOPT; (4) Providing services to SCOPT members that are useful and insightful; (5) Clearly defining leadership roles and responsibilities; and (6) Avoiding duplication of effort with other transit-related organizations, such as the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), the Community Transportation Association of America (CTAA), and the National Transit Institute.  Through the strategic planning process, SCOPT can allocate resources and volunteer time to influence national transit policy; advance transit as a part of an integrated transportation system being advanced by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO); build dynamic relationships with other national organizations and groups whose work is complementary to SCOPT's; and identify research needed to support SCOPT activities.
KW  - American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Public transit
KW  - Resource allocation
KW  - Strategic planning
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3619
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1332763
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495329
TI  - Roadway Geometry and Inventory Trade Study for Connected Vehicle Program Applications
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway design
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Inventory
KW  - Mobile communication systems
KW  - Vehicle design
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264880
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495267
TI  - California/Coordinated Speed Management in Work Zones
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - California
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Speeding
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Work zone safety
KW  - Work zone traffic control
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264761
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495266
TI  - Minnesota/Installation of Dynamic Curve Warning Systems
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Minnesota
KW  - Variable message signs
KW  - Warning systems
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264760
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495265
TI  - Kansas/Dynamic Message Signs, RWIS and Cameras
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Cameras
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Kansas
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Traffic safety
KW  - Variable message signs
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264759
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495264
TI  - Colorado/Speed Management via LED In-Road Line
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Light emitting diodes
KW  - Speed management
KW  - Speeding
KW  - Traffic control devices
KW  - Traffic speed
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264758
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495263
TI  - California/Intersection Safety Using ITS Technology
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - California
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Intelligent transportation systems
KW  - Intersections
KW  - Signalized intersections
KW  - Technology
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264757
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495262
TI  - Colorado/Speed Information on Approach to Curves
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Approach
KW  - Colorado
KW  - Driver information systems
KW  - Highway curves
KW  - Traffic speed
KW  - Variable message signs
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264756
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547650
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Planning. Task 121. Successful Implementation of Enterprise Risk Management in State Transportation Agencies
AB  - To be successful, state transportation executives, administrators, and managers must coordinate a multitude of human, organizational, technical, and natural resources and manage a high number of diverse and complex risks. The varied mix of agency operational responsibilities--for multi-modal facilities and programs, varied operations (maintenance, traffic management, snow and ice control), asset management, and project delivery--make enterprise (agency-level) risk management (ERM) critical to the efficient use of public resources (CAS 2003). As state departments of transportation (DOTs) move into an era of performance-based management, having an established process that accurately prioritizes risk exposure across the agency is critical. ERM can be defined as the consistent application of techniques to manage the uncertainties surrounding the achievement of an organization's objectives (Berry and Phillips 1998). Organizations with mature ERM programs have noted that the use of ERM helps to avoid risks from being managed multiple times by different functions within the agency and reduces the volatility of an organization's entire risk portfolio (Muelbroek 2002; Hoyt et al. 2008). Pockets of excellence in ERM exist throughout state transportation agencies but its use is not yet consistent or pervasive. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 20-24(74) Executive Strategies for Risk Management by State Departments of Transportation 2012 FHWA-AASHTO International Scan Report on ERM identified international ERM best practices that demonstrate value by using risk analysis tools with asset management practices and performance management.showed that only 13 of the 43 state DOTs surveyed have formalized ERM programs. The NCHRP study focused on benchmarking implementation, identifying key characteristics of mature organizations, and evaluating the role that ERM plays in the achievement of transportation agency objectives. It found that formal ERM tools exist and are adding value to those agencies that are using them. The objective of this research is to identify, analyze, and describe the qualities of successful implementation of ERM in DOTs through detailed case studies and a summary report that captures lessons learned, factors that influenced successful implementation of ERM, presents best practices, and develops a simple maturity model.This research will build directly upon NCHRP 20-24(74) Executive Strategies for Risk Management by State Departments of Transportation and identify the specific strategies that have been successfully employed by the transportation agencies with the most mature ERM programs to manage high priority risks.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Best practices
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Risk management
KW  - Snow and ice control
KW  - State departments of transportation
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3526
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335203
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543756
TI  - Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Problems. Topic 45-05. Design and Load Testing of Large Diameter Driven Pipe Piles
AB  - Open-end cylinder pipe piles are a type of deep foundation commonly used for the support of bridge abutments. As the need to support larger lateral, seismic, and axial loads increases, users are moving towards large diameter cylinder piles (Rausche &amp; Webster 2007, Transportation Research Board (TRB) 2004). Large diameter cylinder piles are an alternative to similar-sized drilled shaft foundations or pile groups. They are suited to a variety of applications, most commonly in earthquake prone regions and over waterways where ship impact and lateral loads are a concern. The design and load testing of driven pipe piles is strongly influenced by the diameter and thickness of the pile. Common design methods to determine the load carrying capacity of a large diameter open-end cylinder pile are based on solid and small diameter pipe piles for skin friction and end bearing, respectively (McVay 2004). These design methods do not account for the differences in soil-pile-hammer interaction between small and large diameter driven piles. Issues include the degree of soil plugging or internal skin friction that exists, non-linear vibration effects and scalability concerns. Furthermore, significant questions have been raised regarding capacities determined by dynamic means, often requiring static tests to verify capacity (TRB 2004). A study of current practices for the design, testing, and use of large diameter driven pipe piles in highway applications is needed as transportation agencies begin to calibrate resistance factors for this type of deep foundation system.  The project objectives are: (1) To locate and assemble documented information on the design, installation, and testing of large diameter cylinder piles; (2) To learn what practice has been used for estimating and verifying capacity of large diameter open end piles; (3) To identify all ongoing research; (4) To learn what problems remain largely unsolved; and (5) To organize, evaluate, and document the useful information that is acquired. Information will be gathered through a literature review and a survey of State Departments of Transportation (DOTs).
KW  - Bridge abutments
KW  - Design methods
KW  - Installation
KW  - Load tests
KW  - Piles (Supports)
KW  - Pipe piles
KW  - State of the practice
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3582
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331863
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495205
TI  - Base-lining Current Road Weather Information
AB  - No summary provided.
KW  - Baseline data
KW  - Highway traffic control
KW  - Real time information
KW  - Road weather information systems
KW  - Weather conditions
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264602
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547648
TI  - Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Planning. Task 117. Sketch Planning Tools for Regional Sustainability
AB  - Regional scenario/sketch planning methods and tools enable planners to present and evaluate a broad range of options, and to help narrow the range of alternatives that should receive detailed analysis. The results can also help facilitate public involvement in transportation decision making. These methods and tools, however, have escaped critical review. Indeed, in a 2008 publication by the Lincoln Land Institute on Planning Support Systems (Brail, 2008), the developer of one of the most popular of these sketch tools, INDEX, argues that "[t]o help prospective users sort through tool choices, independent, rigorous evaluation of tool capabilities and performance is needed". The adoption of California's SB 375 in 2008 with its focus on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions, along with the adoption of over a dozen state climate plans, has put additional pressure on practitioners to use the most appropriate analytical tools that can also meet high standards of robustness, defensibility, transparency, speed, and affordability. EPA/HUD/DOT Sustainability Grants require grantee regions to develop Regional Plans for Sustainable Development (RPSDs) and ask applicants to "conduct scenario planning that allows the RPSD to project a variety of economic growth possibilities and anticipate responses to each of them". The resultant avalanche of regional planning to be conducted over the next few years will accelerate practitioners' need for good advice on which scenario/sketch planning tools to use and how to incorporate them into existing transportation planning practice. Planners are challenged to select the appropriate--most cost effective--analytical tool to reflect regional sustainability and the triple bottom line in their planning products. Scenario/sketch planning tools, which are less expensive and/or simpler to run than traditional transportation demand models, are being deployed by citizens' groups, advocacy organizations, and hundreds of local, state, and regional agencies for a variety of planning tasks. This research will focus on scenario/sketch planning tools that are less complex than larger, traditional transportation demand models; can be used to analyze alternatives relatively quickly and inexpensively; allow for analysis of sustainability on a regional level; and may have (but are not required to have) a mapping component. The objective of this research is to provide a synthesis of the state of practice for generally-available, "easier-to-use" scenario/sketch planning tools that can be used to analyze the impact of regional sustainability measures, including when and how the tools are currently being used, an evaluation of their relative strengths and weaknesses, and the resources required for a variety of types of use. The synthesis should also identify how each tool has been integrated into regional transportation planning processes, practice and tools, and will add to the extant body of knowledge.
KW  - Best practices
KW  - California
KW  - Decision making
KW  - Economic growth
KW  - Greenhouse gases
KW  - Regional planning
KW  - Sustainable development
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3522
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1335201
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543743
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 344. Practical Cost Estimating: Development of Training
AB  - A state transportation agency's (DOT's) ability to develop and manage transportation infrastructure depends crucially on a capability to reliably estimate project costs. Cost estimating practices can vary greatly from state to state and even within an agency for different types of projects and stages of project development. Over the last decade Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), and other national organizations have worked to provide support for state departments of transportation (DOTs )to improve the consistency, accuracy, reliability, and ease of cost estimating. Among the more recent products of this work is the new AASHTO Practical Guide to Cost Estimating (see Special Notes), developed by AASHTO's Technical Committee on Cost Estimating (TCCE) with NCHRP support. This guide built on other NCHRP and FHWA research results, such as NCHRP Report 574 Guidance for Cost Estimation and Management for Highway Projects During Planning, Programming, and Preconstruction, NCHRP Report 658: Guidebook on Risk Analysis Tools and Management Practices to Control Transportation Project Costs, and FHWA's Major Project Program Cost Estimating Guidance (January 2007). The guidance represents a valuable resource to improve DOT cost estimating practice. Many states have expressed a need for basic cost estimating training to improve performance by disseminating estimating resources quickly and more widely throughout their DOTs. Responsible DOT officials have found that standardized cost-estimating training courses and support materials--suited to the needs of DOTs and adult learners--are not readily available. Such courses and materials would enhance individual DOTs cost-estimating training programs and reduce the costs of improving their cost-estimating capabilities. The objective of this research is to develop cost estimating training and support materials based on the AASHTO Practical Guide to Cost Estimating and encompassing cost-estimating basics; bid-based (historical), cost-based, risk-based, and conceptual (parametric) estimating practices; inflation and other market-related considerations.
KW  - Asset management
KW  - Cost estimating
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Training
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3500
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331850
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01560336
AU  - Peirce, Sean
AU  - Puckett, Sean
AU  - Petrella, Margaret
AU  - Minnice, Paul
AU  - Ray, Rosalie
AU  - Lappin, Jane
AU  - Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Effects of Full-Facility Variable Tolling on Traveler Behavior: Evidence from a Panel Study of the SR-520 Corridor in Seattle
PY  - 2013/10/03/Final Report
SP  - 115p
AB  - This paper uses a two-stage panel survey approach, with roughly 2,000 respondent households, to analyze the impacts of a federally sponsored variable tolling program on SR-520 in the Seattle region. The focus is on corridor users’ daily travel choices and opinions. Key survey findings include a marked decrease in respondents’ travel in the corridor after tolling, particularly on SR-520, and significant diversion to nearby toll-free I-90. There were also increases in transit mode share in the corridor, while carpooling and telecommuting levels were relatively stable. In the post-tolling survey, respondents registered an overall increase in satisfaction with their commutes and less stress associated with driving. Reported satisfaction with the speed and reliability of individual trips on SR-520 also increased substantially, and personal attitudes shifted slightly in favor of tolling.
KW  - Attitudes
KW  - Carpools
KW  - Congestion pricing
KW  - Driver satisfaction
KW  - Modal shift
KW  - Panel studies
KW  - Seattle (Washington)
KW  - Telecommuting
KW  - Travel behavior
KW  - Variable tolls
KW  - Washington State Route 520
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/54000/54000/54063/UPA_Panel_Survey_Seattle_Final_Report_Volpe.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1345730
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01495432
AU  - Gentry, Lance
AU  - Heartland Market Research LLC
AU  - Missouri Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - A Report Card from Missourians - 2013
PY  - 2013/10/03/Final Report
SP  - 167p
AB  - Overall statewide satisfaction with MoDOT and additional feedback about MoDOT’s operations was  obtained from a representative sample of the general adult public in Missouri. A professional calling  center was engaged to obtain a diverse sample across Missouri. Specific minimums were given, such  as 500 responses per district, with gender and age-range targets for each county in Missouri. 3,552  completed responses were obtained between July 9, 2013 and ending on August 1, 2013. Additional  calls were made from August 2, 2013 to August 19, 2013 to ensure a representative sample for all  questions. With the exception of a few questions (e.g., demographics), all statewide results presented  in this document are weighted results. The data was weighted in accordance with the true  distribution of the regional population in terms of geographic (county), gender, and age distributions  using the most recent (2010) US government census information available. Following past practice,  all district measures presented in this document are unweighted. With a minimum of 500 responses  per district, the district measures have a 95% level of confidence with a precision (margin of error)  of +/- 4.4%. The statewide results for the stratified-random sample of 3,552 Missourians have a 95%  level of confidence with a precision of +/- 1.6%.
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Customer satisfaction
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Missouri
KW  - Missouri Department of Transportation
KW  - Operations
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/tryy1228/2013/cmr14-003_FinalReport.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1264467
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577146
TI  - Material Reference Library 2013-2018

AB  - The Material Reference Library was conceived and initiated under the Strategic Highway Research Program to store selected highway materials and, later, make them available for the evaluation and verification of new pavement designs and material tests that are expected to result in substantial improvement to pavement performance. The Material Reference Library was therefore conceived to maintain "standard" materials that were representative of locations throughout North America for future research. The Material Reference Library originally contained the Strategic Highway Research Program asphalt binders, aggregates, and material from Long-Term Pavement Performance General Pavement Studies and Specific Pavement Studies projects. Over time, the Material Research Library has expanded to contain the following: Strategic Highway Research Program asphalt binders and aggregates, Specific Pavement Studies materials (asphalt, aggregates, and mix), Specific Pavement Studies and General Pavement Studies cores, crumb rubber modifier samples, WesTrack samples, National Center for Asphalt Technology test track samples, Federal Highway Administration Accelerated Pavement Testing Facility samples, Western Research Institute samples, and miscellaneous samples. Many of the samples in the Materials Reference Library are from projects with performance data, which makes these samples very valuable to researchers. Requests to the Materials Reference Library come from around the world. Projects funded by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program and Federal Highway Administration make use of the materials in the Materials Research Library. At the completion of the American Association of State Highway Officials (predecessor to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials) Road Test, there were no materials available to verify the models developed from the research. By maintaining the Materials Research Library, this will not happen.

KW  - Aggregates
KW  - Asphalt
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Materials
KW  - Mix design
KW  - North America
KW  - Pavement design
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Referencing
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370409
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01577030
TI  - Addressing Challenges in Intelligent Construction Systems and Technologies

AB  - Under this project study, the contractor shall address gaps identified for Intelligent Construction Systems and Technologies (ICST) from project development through construction and develop guidance for State highway agencies to assist them in determining how best to use ICST to improve accelerated delivery. The scope of the study covers various types, sizes, and scopes of transportation projects using ICST delivered by State highway agencies. The study involves collecting, organizing and analyzing data from various State highway agencies and other facility owners using ICST. Under this contract, the contractor shall address the objectives detailed in the Key Project Objectives field.

KW  - Construction
KW  - Construction management
KW  - Construction projects
KW  - Intelligent control systems
KW  - State highway departments
KW  - Technological innovations
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1370355
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01576049
TI  - Low-Powered Wired Sensors for Asset Management or Health Monitoring of Structure and Pavements

AB  - The research will focus on the design, development, and validation of a revolutionary suite of wireless, multipurpose sensors developed for the health monitoring of transportation infrastructures. The sensors will be designed to be rugged, easy to install, maintenance-free, low-cost, and have a service life exceeding 30 years. The multimodal nature of the sensing system will allow the simultaneous measurement of miscellaneous quantities (such as strain, acceleration, tilt, temperature, and humidity) with sensitivity and accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art wired sensors.

KW  - Asset management
KW  - Infrastructure
KW  - Sensors
KW  - Service life
KW  - State of the art
KW  - Structural analysis
KW  - Structural health monitoring
KW  - Wireless communication systems
UR  - http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/research/tfhrc/projects/projectsdb/projectdetails.cfm?projectid=FHWA-PROJ-13-0086
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1369998
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01547330
TI  - Measuring, Characterizing, and Reporting Pavement Roughness of Low-Speed and Urban Roads
AB  - Pavement smoothness (or roughness) is used by state highway agencies for monitoring network condition and other purposes such as assessing construction quality and optimizing investments in preservation, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. States are also required to report the International Roughness Index (IRI) as an element of the federal Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS). IRI is not measured directly but it is calculated as the mechanical response of a generic quarter-car, traveling at 50 mph, to the elevation profile of the roadway. There are concerns about using current practices for estimating roughness of low-speed and urban roads. Urban roadways contain unique features such as drainage provisions, sudden grade changes, and crowned intersecting streets. These features are included in the elevation profile and interpreted as roughness. Also, because IRI calculation is based on the speed- and profile-dependent mechanical response, the calculated IRI at a slower speed will vary depending on the nature of the roadway elevation profile and the chosen speed. In addition, changes in travel speed and stops or near-stops can further distort, or even invalidate, the measured elevation profile. Because of the unique features of low-speed and urban roads, use of the current practices for estimating pavement roughness may yield inappropriate and misleading data. Research is needed to identify, or if necessary develop, means for appropriately measuring, characterizing, and reporting pavement roughness of these roads. These means will help highway agencies obtain reliable information for use in monitoring pavement performance, evaluating construction quality, planning and making investment decisions, and interpreting national data (especially the HPMS). The objective of this research is to identify/develop a means for measuring, characterizing, and reporting pavement roughness on low-speed and urban roads.  Phase I: (1) Collect and review relevant domestic and foreign literature; research findings; and information relative to profile measurement and characterization, reporting, and use of roughness data. This information may be obtained from published and unpublished reports, survey of state departments of transportation (DOTs), and contacts with transportation agencies and other public and private organizations involved in profile measurement. (2) Based on the review performed in Task 1, identify current and emerging profile measurement technologies, and assess their capability for measuring accurate elevation profiles at low speeds (including stoppage) and in urban settings (e.g., signalized locations, crowned intersections, sudden grade changes, and unique surface features, traffic conditions, and road geometry). (3) Based on the review performed in Task 1, identify and evaluate available means for characterizing and reporting pavement roughness for project and network levels for the conditions noted in Task 2 and recommend potential means for further evaluation/development in Phase II. (4) Based on the evaluations performed in Tasks 2 and 3, prepare an updated, detailed work plan for Phase II that includes an approach for further evaluating the potential means identified in Task 3 and developing validated means for characterizing and reporting pavement roughness on low speed and urban roadways. (5) Prepare an interim report that documents the research performed in Tasks 1 through 4. Following review of the interim report by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP), the research team will be required to make a presentation to the project panel. Work on Phase II of the project will not begin until the interim report is approved and the Phase II work plan is authorized by the NCHRP. The decision on proceeding with Phase II will be based on the contractor's documented justification of the updated work plan. Phase II: (6) Execute the plan approved in Task 5, and develop and validate the means for characterizing and reporting pavement roughness of low speed and urban roadways. Also, describe how the pavement roughness data obtained from the developed method can be used as a measure of ride quality. (7) Recommend changes to current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standard practices to accommodate measuring, characterizing, and reporting pavement roughness on low speed and urban roadways for consideration and adoption by AASHTO, or develop new practices if necessary. Also, describe costs and benefits associated with the implementation of the new or revised practices. (8) Submit a final report that documents the entire research effort. The recommended changes to current AASHTO practices shall be prepared as a stand-alone deliverable suitable for consideration and adoption by AASHTO.
KW  - International Roughness Index
KW  - Low speed roads
KW  - Measurement
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Pavement performance
KW  - Pavements
KW  - Roughness
KW  - Urban highways
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3404
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1334503
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01543744
TI  - Research for AASHTO Standing Committee on Highways. Task 345. Planning for Transportation System Management & Operations
AB  - The objectives of this research were to understand the state of the practice in highway and traffic operations program planning and to begin defining alternative approaches to develop and administer these plans. Transportation System Management &amp; Operations (TSM&amp;O or "Operations") activities within state transportation agencies are diverse and encompass functions within traffic engineering, highway maintenance, highway safety, and transportation emergency management business areas. These activities encompass both the planning, deployment, and preservation of transportation operations infrastructure including Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS); and the delivery of highway network operations services such as coordinated traffic incident response. Highway and traffic operations program plans can support coordination across these business areas by: (1) Defining and contextualizing program activities and subprograms; (2) Establishing roles, responsibilities, and strategic relationships; (3) Clarifying program goals, objectives, and performance measures; (4) Determining and prioritizing intended actions to improve program processes, partnerships, and technologies; and (5) Committing specific financial and human resources to implement the intended actions. Highway and traffic operations program plans are not consistently developed, and are variably comprehensive. As a result, highway and traffic operations program plans are typically not readily comparable between states, and usually are not sustained through multiple iterations of program planning. By contrast, Strategic Highway Safety Plans are standardized in general format and content under rather extensive federal and national guidance, and are routinely shared for comparison between states. Strategic Highway Safety Plans are usually updated every one to three years, and are integral to the regular administration of the affected state highway safety program (e.g., organizational structure, staffing approaches, corporate and program budgeting, funding mechanisms and processes, performance measurement and performance management practices). Potential tasks are as follows: (1) Review relevant domestic and international literature, particularly the work done for the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) on Planning for Operations. (2) Synthesize existing practices within state transportation agencies in the development and application of program plans for operations. (3) Complete case studies of current lead states in operations program planning and operations plan development. Identify best practices and models and critical factors that foster or hinder the development of these plans. (4) Scan and evaluate opportunity state locations for model highway and traffic operations program plan development. (5) Facilitate peer exchange and peer network development between model program plan pilot states. (6) Produce a report recommending key actions and roles at the national level that can support the successful development and administration of state highway and traffic operations program plans.
KW  - Highway operations
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Programming (Planning)
KW  - State of the practice
KW  - Strategic planning
KW  - Transportation system management
UR  - http://apps.trb.org/cmsfeed/TRBNetProjectDisplay.asp?ProjectID=3501
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1331851
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01523628
TI  - TOPR 13009 entitled Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP2) Program Evaluation and Reporting
AB  - The objective of this task order is to acquire contract support to develop and execute an overall SHRP2 Implementation Evaluation Program, which will include developing an evaluation plan, monitoring implementation progress, analyzing implementation results to determine if focus area goals are met, assessing program management methodologies, and documenting the findings. It is anticipated that the product implementation results will be aggregated to determine the success of SHRP2 Program implementation.
KW  - Evaluation and assessment
KW  - Implementation
KW  - Monitoring
KW  - Program management
KW  - Strategic Highway Research Program 2
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1307301
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01503381
TI  - Census and CTPP Technical and Administrative Support
AB  - The scope of this task order is to provide an on-site contractor on a part-time basis at the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Building in Washington, D.C.  The contractor will provide technical and administrative assistance for the Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP) program in the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Planning for a 24-month period. The contractor will also conduct limited research at the U.S. Census Bureau in Suitland, Maryland, after obtaining "Special Sworn Status." Results must be submitted to the Census Bureau's Disclosure Review Board and written summaries of results and recommendations for further research and testing concepts will be developed. This will include comparisons between "unsuppressed" data to synthetic CTPP records using 2006-2010 ACS survey results at a variety of geographic scales (county, tract, TAZ).  Analysis may also include small area (TAZ and tract) comparisons to CTPP 2000. This work requires familiarity with SAS, as SAS is the standard programming language used for ACS processing.
KW  - Administrative procedures
KW  - Census
KW  - Census Transportation Planning Package
KW  - Contract administration
KW  - Contractors
KW  - Technical assistance
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1285462
ER  - 

TY  - ABST
AN  - 01495486
TI  - Development of SC Databases and Calibration Factors for the Highway Safety Manual (HSM)
AB  - This research will enable the compilation of databases and development of calibration factors for use across the state of South Carolina. Calibration factors will be developed for three distinct areas within the state - coastal areas, midlands, and the upstate. Each of these areas has different terrain, weather patterns, and traffic patterns and these variations are expected to produce varying calibration factors.  This research will allow the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) to confidently use the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) with expectations that the resulting predictions are going to be a fair estimate of the effects of safety improvements in the state.
KW  - Areas and regions
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Databases
KW  - Highway safety
KW  - Highway Safety Manual
KW  - South Carolina
KW  - Terrain
KW  - Travel patterns
UR  - http://www.scdot.scltap.org/projects/current/
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1265234
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01611977
AU  - Cook, Marllon D
AU  - Ghaeezadeh, Ashkan
AU  - Ley, M Tyler
AU  - Russell, Bruce W
AU  - Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
AU  - Oklahoma Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Investigation of Optimized Graded Concrete for Oklahoma- Phase 1
PY  - 2013/10//Final Report
SP  - 118p
AB  - Optimized Graded Concrete has been a subject widely discussed through the history of concrete. Since aggregates make up over 70% of the volume in a mixture, gradation is critical to the strength, workability, and durability of concrete.  In practice only a small quantitative guidance can be given to practitioners on aggregate proportioning in a mixture to meet the desired performance.  The American Concrete Institute (ACI) 211 Mixture Design Procedure maybe the most widely taught mixture design method, but still is not widely used in practice due to the impracticality.  In fact the ACI 211 method only contains a handful of aggregate parameters that many argue about the validity.  One of the largest obstacles preventing the development of aggregate parameters and guidance comes from only a few test methods have been able to provide quantitative data about the workability of concrete.  This work focused on creating a practical test method and using it to better understand the aggregate gradation impacts on the workability of concrete. In this report a new workability test for concrete was developed to investigate mixtures for slip formed pavements.  This was done by creating a test called the “Box Test” in Chapter 2.  The Box Test was then used to evaluate several existing optimized graded design methods in Chapter 3.  After finding some shortcomings in the current methods, Chapter 4 develops a new set of design recommendations and specifications.  Finally, Chapter 5 investigates the durability of the optimized graded mixtures in freeze thaw and shrinkage testing. The ultimate product of this work is a new specification for the state of Oklahoma for mixtures with a greater durability at reduced cost and with improved sustainability.  Based on 2013 production this design method has the potential to save the state of Oklahoma over $4 million per year and long term costs through reduced maintenance from durability issues and the reduced amount of cement paste needed to make satisfactory mixtures.
KW  - Admixtures
KW  - Aggregate gradation
KW  - Durability
KW  - Freeze thaw durability
KW  - Mix design
KW  - Oklahoma
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Performance based specifications
KW  - Shrinkage
KW  - Slip form paving
KW  - Test procedures
KW  - Workability
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1423506
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01609741
AU  - Sheng, Huan
AU  - Nielson, Bryant G
AU  - Pang, Weichiang
AU  - Schiff, Scott D
AU  - Clemson University
AU  - South Carolina Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Precast Alternative for Flat Slab Bridges
PY  - 2013/10//Final Report
SP  - 590p
AB  - The cast-in-place (CIP) concrete slab bridge and the hollow core flat slab bridge are two very common bridge types utilized by the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT). The CIP bridge is durable but has a long construction time while the hollow-core bridge has a short construction time but produces durability concerns. Trying to balance the speed of construction for hollow-core and the durability of CIP, the SCDOT commissioned this study to provide a recommendation for an alternative bridge type that could: 1) eliminate or minimize longitudinal cracking, 2) have a shorter erection time than the CIP flat slab system, and 3) have no restriction on Annual Daily Truck Traffic (ADTT) and can be used on the National Highway System. There were two distinct phases in this research. In Phase 1, a thorough online survey and telephone interviews were conducted to investigate the pros and cons of existing short-span bridge systems used by other state departments of transportation. In addition, feedback from contractors and precast element fabricators in the Southeast region was also solicited. Based on this work, a precast bridge system known as the NEXT-D (Northeast Extreme Tee) beam was selected by the SCDOT for further testing and validation. The experimental and analytical validation along with the design of a 6 ft. wide section (NEXT-6) and an 8 ft. wide section (NEXT-8), with span lengths from 22 ft. to 40 ft., was the focus of Phase 2. The results of the experimental study indicated that U-shaped reinforcing bars and poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were an effective combination when used for the shear key located between precast NEXT elements. These results were also used to calibrate analytical models which were used to better understand and quantify the load demands associated with this beam type. Using this new understanding, a set of new design guidelines for the new NEXT-6 and NEXT-8 bridge systems was developed. For the beam design, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) live load distribution factors for tee beams are recommended to be used. For the deck design, the AASHTO strip method is recommended with some modification. A simplified four-step procedure was developed to assist bridge engineers in determining the design demands (positive and negative moments) on a one-foot strip of deck for Strength I and Service I limit states. The results of this study, field experience with existing cast-in-place and precast bridges and sound engineering judgment allow the investigators to believe with a reasonable degree of confidence that the construction of a bridge using the provided recommendations and new system will lead to durable bridges that are cost effective and can be constructed using an accelerated schedule. One of the immediate needs is to now share the results of this study with neighboring states, so that the investment of needed steel forms by precasters can result in similar precast pieces sold to multiple states.
KW  - Alternatives analysis
KW  - Beams
KW  - Bridge construction
KW  - Bridge design
KW  - High performance concrete
KW  - Longitudinal cracking
KW  - Precast concrete
KW  - South Carolina
KW  - Surveys
UR  - http://bnielso.people.clemson.edu/SPR-682%20-%20Final%20Report.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1420968
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01587393
AU  - Sandoval, Kristianne
AU  - Pomeroy, Christine
AU  - University of Utah, Salt Lake City
AU  - Washington State Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Endangered Species Act Analysis Model Comparison Study: Comparing HI-RUN and SELDM for use in Washington State Department of Transportation Biological Assessments
PY  - 2013/10//Research Report
SP  - 181p
AB  - This study compares the Highway Runoff Dilution and Loading Model (HI-RUN) and Stochastic Empirical Loading and Dilution Model (SELDM) models for use in Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) biological assessments for western Washington highway projects. Current WSDOT policy and an interagency agreed upon analytical approach require the use of HI-RUN in these assessments, which are completed in order to comply with Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act. SELDM is a model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) which could possibly be used in biological assessment analysis. This study was completed to determine the feasibility and cost benefits of use of either model for biological assessments in western Washington projects. The study consists of three primary components: comparison of model results, comparison of model usability, and comparison of costs and benefits of each model. The comparison demonstrates that SELDM provides similar assessment results to HI-RUN and that with preliminary steps as detailed in the study, both models were found to be similarly usable. Ongoing maintenance costs were also found to be similar, but implementation costs related to use of SELDM within current policy requirements was found to be prohibitive. The recommendation of these findings is for continued use of the HI-RUN model, with the condition that further analysis be completed if policy conditions were to change. Additionally, it is recommended that WSDOT investigate other possible needs and situations where the SELDM model would be beneficial.
KW  - Benefit cost analysis
KW  - Biological assessment
KW  - Endangered Species Act
KW  - Environmental impact analysis
KW  - Feasibility analysis
KW  - HI-RUN (Computer model)
KW  - Highway planning
KW  - Highway projects
KW  - Improvements
KW  - Runoff
KW  - SELDM (Computer model)
KW  - Washington (State)
UR  - http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/research/reports/fullreports/820.1.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1395638
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01571971
AU  - Daniel, Jo Sias
AU  - Lowe, Justin
AU  - Steele, Matthew
AU  - University of New Hampshire, Durham
AU  - New Hampshire Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Local Calibration of the MEPDG for New Hampshire
PY  - 2013/10//Final Report
SP  - 137p
AB  - This report summarizes the University of New Hampshire (UNH) results of a study to calibrate the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) model for sites and conditions within New Hampshire. MEPDG adds mechanistic understanding of material properties into methods for the design of flexible pavements which has traditionally used an empirical method that correlates designs with observed performance. MEPDG is part of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) 2002 Design Guide and includes over 135 potential inputs for flexible pavements (e.g. climate conditions and traffic loading). The inputs allow the model to be calibrated so that the predicted pavement performance (distress) can resemble what is observed in field application. The pavement section evaluation indicated that it will exceed the distress performance units set by the NHDOT.
KW  - Calibration
KW  - Flexible pavements
KW  - Mechanistic-empirical pavement design
KW  - Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide
KW  - New Hampshire
KW  - Pavement distress
KW  - Pavement performance
UR  - http://www.nh.gov/dot/org/projectdevelopment/materials/research/projects/documents/14282S-FINALREPORT.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1363118
ER  - 

TY  - RPRT
AN  - 01567413
AU  - Southworth, Frank
AU  - Sonnenberg, Anthon
AU  - Meyer, Michael D
AU  - Smith, Denise A
AU  - Wilson, Richard D
AU  - Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
AU  - Georgia Department of Transportation
AU  - Federal Highway Administration
TI  - Multimodal Needs, Constraints, and Opportunities: Observations and Lessons Learned for Georgia and GDOT
PY  - 2013/10//Final Report
SP  - 153p
AB  - This research project assessed the multimodal transportation needs, constraints, and opportunities facing the state of Georgia and the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT). The project report includes: 1) a literature review focusing on the current state of multimodal transportation planning practice within state DOTs; 2) an assessment of Georgia’s multimodal transportation needs through reviews of the state’s recent transportation planning documents and through interviews of key stakeholders; 3) a nationwide survey of state DOTs regarding critical multimodal transportation planning issues and how they are being addressed; and 4) case studies, including document reviews and some interviews with staff of selected state DOTs that were considered to offer noteworthy examples in one or more aspects of multimodal transportation planning. The report concludes with a set of 28 recommendations for advancing multimodal planning at the statewide level.
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Case studies
KW  - Georgia
KW  - Georgia Department of Transportation
KW  - Literature reviews
KW  - Multimodal transportation
KW  - Recommendations
KW  - Stakeholders
KW  - State departments of transportation
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Transportation planning
UR  - http://g92018.eos-intl.net/eLibSQL14_G92018_Documents/11-04.pdf
UR  - http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/55000/55100/55117/11-04.pdf
UR  - https://trid.trb.org/view/1357776
ER  -