TY  - GEN
T1  - Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA): Reauthorization Issues. CRS Issue Brief.
AN  - 62744120; ED377888
AB  - The Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA) was the first, and the largest, federal program of assistance to libraries, and as amended in 1990, contains eight titles that authorize aid to public libraries. In 1994, the appropriations authorizations for LSCA programs were extended for one year, but without substantive amendment, by the Improving America's Schools Act (IASA), and will therefore be considered for revision and reauthorization by the 104th Congress. LSCA funds are intended to focus on innovative services, services to populations with special needs, information-sharing networks, and adult literacy activities, and to be used as discretionary funds for special or new services or to purchase new equipment for computer networks. However, for each fiscal year from 1982 through 1995, progressively fewer funds have been requested by the presidential administrations. The primary rationale offered for limiting these funds was that LSCA had served its original purpose of extending basic library services to rural and other previously unserved areas, that LSCA funds represent a very small share of total library funding, and that federal aid to libraries should either be eliminated or limited to a few authorized activities of the highest priority. Nevertheless, Congress has continued to provide appropriations for LSCA, and a 1991 White House Conference on Library and Information Services produced many recommendations for increased federal aid to libraries under the major categories of access, governance, marketing, networking, national information policy, preservation, services, technology, training of end-users, and personnel. In response to these issues, six reauthorization options are proposed for LSCA. Contains four references. (Author/MAS)
AU  - Riddle, Wayne
Y1  - 1994/12/29/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Dec 29
SP  - 18
KW  - Congress
KW  - Improving Americas Schools Act 1994
KW  - Library Services and Construction Act
KW  - Presidential Initiatives
KW  - White House Conference Library Info Services
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Library Equipment
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Library Funding
KW  - Innovation
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Library Services
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62744120?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Federal Family Education Loan Programs. CRS Report for Congress. Updated.
AN  - 62737447; ED378878
AB  - This report discusses the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Programs, formerly referred to as the Guaranteed Student Loan (GSL) Programs, which are designed to insure and subsidize loans private lenders make to students and their parents to help them meet the cost of postsecondary education. Chapter 1 outlines the major features of the FFEL Program. Chapter 2 describes the characteristics of three FFEL programs: Federal Stafford loans (subsidized and unsubsidized), Federal PLUS loans, and Federal Consolidated loans. Chapter 3 examines the administration of the FFEL program by lenders and guaranty agencies. Chapter 4 discusses borrower repayment relief, while chapter 5 reviews loan default and its consequences. Two appendixes provide basic program data and default statistics. (MDM)
AU  - Schenet, Margot A.
Y1  - 1994/12/02/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Dec 02
SP  - 53
KW  - Family Education Loan Program
KW  - Program Characteristics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Loan Repayment
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Loan Default
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Eligibility
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62737447?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bibliography: Publications on Australian Languages, 1992
AN  - 85599355; 9501410
AB  - A list of all (122) original scholarly books, papers, & book reviews on traditional & English-based Australian Aboriginal languages. Items not included are general studies with only passing references to Aboriginal languages, short book notices, & secondary reviews. Most of the items listed can be found at the Australian Instit of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies in Canberra. A. Hernandez
JF  - Australian Journal of Linguistics
AU  - Triffitt, Geraldine
AD  - Australian Instit Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies, GPO Box 553 Canberra ACT 2601
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 221
EP  - 228
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
SN  - 0726-8602, 0726-8602
KW  - Australian Aboriginal languages bibliography
KW  - Areal Linguistics (03900)
KW  - Australian Macro Phylum (06450)
KW  - article
KW  - 5116: descriptive linguistics; language area studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85599355?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Bibliography%3A+Publications+on+Australian+Languages%2C+1992&rft.au=Triffitt%2C+Geraldine&rft.aulast=Triffitt&rft.aufirst=Geraldine&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Linguistics&rft.issn=07268602&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2003-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - AJLIDB
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Areal Linguistics (03900); Australian Macro Phylum (06450)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sex, alcohol and violence: a community collaborative action against striptease shows.
AN  - 77837050; 7646656
AB  - Between September 1988 and February 1989, Anyinginyi Congress, an Aboriginal community-controlled health organisation, facilitated a collaborative community action against striptease shows in public bars in Tennant Creek. This action resulted in changes to the guidelines of the Northern Territory Liquor Act to regulate striptease shows in public bars and began other processes of addressing alcohol related problems in the community. The composition and strategies of both the pro- and anti-striptease lobbies are analysed within the context of changing power relationships between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people, as epitomised in the growth and consolidation of Aboriginal community-controlled organisations in Tennant Creek. The role of the media in shaping the course and direction of the debates as well as the response of the Northern Territory government as the final arbiter in the striptease conflict are scrutinised. The use of sex to sell alcohol is a legitimate public health concern and community action for healthier public policy is an important strategy in creating supporting environments for health.
JF  - Australian journal of public health
AU  - Boffa, J
AU  - George, C
AU  - Tsey, K
AD  - Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, Alice Springs.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 359
EP  - 366
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
SN  - 1035-7319, 1035-7319
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Attitude to Health
KW  - Politics
KW  - Ethnic Groups
KW  - Humans
KW  - Alcoholic Intoxication -- prevention & control
KW  - Oceanic Ancestry Group
KW  - Primary Health Care
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Northern Territory
KW  - Alcoholism -- prevention & control
KW  - Mass Media
KW  - Male
KW  - Female
KW  - Violence -- legislation & jurisprudence
KW  - Public Health
KW  - Violence -- prevention & control
KW  - Alcohol Drinking -- prevention & control
KW  - Community Participation -- legislation & jurisprudence
KW  - Sex
KW  - Alcohol Drinking -- legislation & jurisprudence
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77837050?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+public+health&rft.atitle=Sex%2C+alcohol+and+violence%3A+a+community+collaborative+action+against+striptease+shows.&rft.au=Boffa%2C+J%3BGeorge%2C+C%3BTsey%2C+K&rft.aulast=Boffa&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+public+health&rft.issn=10357319&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 1995-05-25
N1  - Date created - 1995-05-25
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Comment In:
Aust J Public Health. 1995 Apr;19(2):217 [7786953]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - A Study of Selected Nonsampling Errors in the 1991 Survey of Recent College Graduates. Technical Report.
AN  - 62742070; ED379314
AB  - The 1991 Survey of Recent College Graduates (RCG:91) is the sixth study in a series begun in 1976. The series provides data on the occupational and educational outcomes of recent bachelor's and master's graduates one year after graduation. The survey was conducted by Westat, Inc. in a two-stage sample involving 400 institutions of higher education and 18,000 graduates contacted by telephone. Along with estimates, reports on the RCG typically include standard errors of the estimates, indicating the nature and size of sampling error. Errors due to nonsampling error are often not included in estimated standard errors, but this report examines nonsampling errors and their impact on the estimates from the RCG:91. The major sources of nonsampling errors are nonresponse, random measurement errors, and systematic errors due to interviewers. Each source is discussed, and ways to estimate the potential consequences of nonsampling errors are explored. Nine figures, 19 tables, and 3 exhibits present statistical information. Eight appendixes contain supplemental and detailed information about the conduct of the survey. (SLD)
AU  - Brick, Michael J.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 191
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-95-640
KW  - Nonsampling Errors
KW  - Recent College Graduates Survey 1991 (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Estimation (Mathematics)
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Masters Degrees
KW  - Error of Measurement
KW  - College Graduates
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Sampling
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Interviews
KW  - Outcomes of Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742070?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Curricular Differentiation in Public High Schools. Fast Response Survey System. E.D. Tabs.
AN  - 62739356; ED379338
AB  - This report contains tabular summaries based on data collected from the Survey of High School Curricular Options. The national survey was conducted in response to the growing controversy over the implications that curriculum differentiation, or tracking, has for American school children. The tables present statistics on the policies and practices of public secondary schools (schools containing grades 10 through 12) regarding curricular options. A national sample of 912 schools replied to the survey. Most are offering core curriculum courses differentiated in terms of content, quantity, or intensity of work, or expectations regarding independent work, but only 15% of schools identified themselves as having traditional tracking policies. Many schools report some student mobility among ability levels in mathematics and English after grade 10, but it frequently happens that the same students are assigned to highest-level ability courses in mathematics and English. Thirteen detailed tables contain survey findings. Four appendixes present supporting information and the questionnaire. (SLD)
AU  - Carey, Nancy
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 50
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-95-360
KW  - Curriculum Differentiation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Core Curriculum
KW  - English
KW  - Student Placement
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Track System (Education)
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Ability Grouping
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62739356?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - A Profile of the American High School Sophomore in 1990. National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988.
AN  - 62737983; ED380515
AB  - This report profiles the American high school sophomore in the 1989-90 school year using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study. It describes the tested achievement of sophomores in mathematics and patterns of course-taking in mathematics, as well as English, science, and social studies. The report summarizes sophomore reports of how they and their families make decisions about school, work, and college plans. Also examined are sophomores' reports of their future plans, including educational expectations. Just over 11% were not able to perform simple arithmetic operations on whole numbers, but about one-fourth had mastered simple problem solving, but not complex problem solving. Just over 22% had achieved the highest level of mathematics mastery, that is, conceptual understanding and complex problem solving. Geometry and foreign language were among the key "gatekeeper" courses for college admission. Overall, gender differences were small, but students did differ in mathematics achievement by socioeconomic status and by high school program placement. While black and white students had similar educational expectations, blacks were much less likely to have taken geometry and foreign languages. Student characteristics are displayed in 29 tables and 12 figures. Five appendixes present supplemental information. (Contains 69 references.) (SLD)
AU  - Ingels, Steven J.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 308
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendentof Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP: Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160454441
KW  - High School Sophomores
KW  - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Grade 10
KW  - Blacks
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Socioeconomic Status
KW  - Social Studies
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Second Language Learning
KW  - Racial Differences
KW  - English
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Whites
KW  - Sciences
KW  - Profiles
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Course Selection (Students)
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - College Preparation
KW  - High School Students
KW  - Achievement Tests
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62737983?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Qualifications of the Public School Teacher Workforce: 1988 and 1991. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62734935; ED377197
AB  - The quality of student/teacher interactions, in effect, the quality of learning, is greatly affected by the qualities (characteristics, qualifications, attitudes, and skills) of teachers. The Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), conducted by the National Center for Educational Statistics, collected information that enables an analysis of teacher qualifications and the proportion of students being taught by less than fully qualified teachers. This document presents four analyses of teacher qualifications using data from the 1987-88 SASS and the 1990-91 SASS. All four analyses look at the interaction of academic preparation in the field taught and certification to teach in that field. The first two analyses focus on teachers' qualifications to teach in their main assignment field, or the field in which they teach the most classes, while the final two analyses focus on secondary teachers' qualifications to teach individual subjects they are assigned to teach during the school day. Each analysis then yields a table showing whether or not the teacher is certified in the field, and whether or not he or she has academic preparation in the field. Data for each of the four cells generated (certified, prepared; certified, not prepared; not certified, prepared; and not certified, not prepared) are provided. (LL)
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 43
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160454360
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Intellectual Disciplines
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Public School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - Teacher Effectiveness
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Teacher Certification
KW  - Statistical Analysis
KW  - Teacher Qualifications
KW  - Misassignment of Teachers
KW  - Teacher Education Programs
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62734935?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Presidential vetoes, 1989-1994
T2  - S. pubn. 103-13
AN  - 59683040; 1995-0300090
AB  - Comprehensive listing of presidential vetoes of legislation enacted by the 101st to the 103d Congresses.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, December 1994. xii+24 pp.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
EP  - xii+24
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
KW  - Executive-legislative relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- President -- Relations with Congress
KW  - United States -- President -- Veto
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59683040?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xii%2B24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Presidential+vetoes%2C+1989-1994&rft.title=Presidential+vetoes%2C+1989-1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs
N1  - Document feature - table(s), index(es)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bibliography: Publications on Australian Languages, 1993
AN  - 58279877; 9601362
AB  - A bibliography of 1993 publications on Australian languages is provided, covering material found in scholarly books, papers, & book reviews about Australian Aboriginal languages. Various genres of research not normally included in the bibliography are listed. It is noted that most of the featured works are available at the library of the Australian Instit of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies in Canberra. Instructions for those wishing to make additions or corrections are given. Abbreviations used in the bibliography are explained. D. Weibel
JF  - Australian Journal of Linguistics
AU  - Triffitt, Geraldine
AD  - Australian Instit Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies, GPO Box 553 Canberra ACT 2601
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 253
EP  - 258
VL  - 14
IS  - 2
SN  - 0726-8602, 0726-8602
KW  - Australian Aboriginal languages bibliography
KW  - History of Linguistics (32150)
KW  - Australian Macro Phylum (06450)
KW  - article
KW  - 5116: descriptive linguistics; language area studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58279877?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Bibliography%3A+Publications+on+Australian+Languages%2C+1993&rft.au=Triffitt%2C+Geraldine&rft.aulast=Triffitt&rft.aufirst=Geraldine&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Linguistics&rft.issn=07268602&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2003-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - AJLIDB
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - History of Linguistics (32150); Australian Macro Phylum (06450)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mechanisms associated with human alveolar macrophage stimulation by particulates.
AN  - 21275387; 11701582
AB  - Asbestos and silica are well-known fibrogenic dusts. However, there is no comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular events that lead to fibrosis as a consequence of asbestos or silica inhalation. Previous studies have shown that asbestos stimulates superoxide anion production in alveolar macrophages through the phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway. In contrast, silica does not appear to activate this pathway nor stimulate superoxide anion production, but silica does stimulate cytokine release by some undetermined pathway. Therefore, using human alveolar macrophages isolated from normal healthy volunteers, we evaluated the potential involvement of intracellular calcium and tyrosine kinases as potential signal transduction pathways. In the absence of serum, crystalline silica, and to a lesser extent amorphous silica, caused a rapid and dose-dependent elevation of intracellular calcium coming from the extracellular space. However, in the presence of serum, which is required for silica-stimulated cytokine release, neither form of silica caused noticeable elevation of intracellular calcium. Silica, however, did increase the extent of tyrosine phosphorylation, most notably of proteins at approximately 46 and 50 kDa, suggesting activation of a tyrosine kinase pathway. Preincubation of alveolar macrophages for 24 hr with silica-primed human alveolar macrophages for enhanced interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) release stimulated by endotoxin (LPS) that was dose dependent. The enhanced LPS-stimulated release of IL-1 beta correlated with enhanced mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. Taken together, these results indicate that a tyrosine kinase pathway is activated during silica stimulation of human alveolar macrophages. Images Figure 4. A Figure 4. B
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Holian, A
AU  - Kelley, K
AU  - Hamilton, R F
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston 77225.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 69
EP  - 74
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Macrophages
KW  - Endotoxins
KW  - Protein kinase C
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Anions
KW  - Fibrosis
KW  - Phospholipase C
KW  - Interleukin 1
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Dust
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - silica
KW  - Protein-tyrosine kinase
KW  - Cytokines
KW  - Lipopolysaccharides
KW  - MAP kinase
KW  - Asbestos
KW  - Alveoli
KW  - Calcium (intracellular)
KW  - Silica
KW  - Proteins
KW  - superoxide anions
KW  - Signal transduction
KW  - A 01490:Miscellaneous
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275387?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+associated+with+human+alveolar+macrophage+stimulation+by+particulates.&rft.au=Holian%2C+A%3BKelley%2C+K%3BHamilton%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Holian&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Protein kinase C; Endotoxins; Macrophages; Asbestos; MAP kinase; Fibrosis; Phospholipase C; Interleukin 1; Alveoli; Dust; Calcium (intracellular); Silica; Phosphorylation; Protein-tyrosine kinase; Lipopolysaccharides; Cytokines; superoxide anions; Signal transduction; Anions; Calcium; silica; Proteins; Particulates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fluoromicroscopic studies of bleomycin-induced intracellular oxidation in alveolar macrophages and its inhibition by taurine.
AN  - 21274831; 11704898
AB  - The mechanism of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis is not yet clear. Recent studies have shown that alveolar macrophages (AM) can be stimulated by bleomycin in vitro releasing inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the interaction of bleomycin with AM is an important step in the drug-induced fibrotic process. Bleomycin is known to bind DNA and generate oxygen radicals through complexation with Fe2+ and oxygen. To provide more insight into the cellular oxidative property of bleomycin, we have developed a fluoromicroscopic method using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFHDA) as an oxidative fluorescence probe to study the bleomycin-induced intracellular oxidation in rat AM and the inhibition of the oxidation by taurine, a compound known to inhibit the bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Bleomycin at 5 to 20 micrograms/ml has a moderate stimulatory effect (1.87- to 2.66-fold) on the secretion of superoxide anion. A high concentration of bleomycin (20 micrograms/ml), however, inhibits cell response to zymosan-induced secretion of superoxide anion. At 4 micrograms/ml, bleomycin has no effect on cell membrane integrity or morphology but results in a significant increase in intracellular oxidation. This oxidative process is Fe(2+)-dependent and is accompanied by an increase in intracellular calcium (35 nM). Both the intracellular oxidation and calcium rise induced by internalized bleomycin are inhibited by pretreatment of cells with varying concentrations of taurine (25, 125, and 187.5 microM). The inhibitory effect on intracellular oxidation was found to be 36, 57, and 60%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bhat, M
AU  - Rojanasakul, Y
AU  - Weber, S L
AU  - Ma, J Y
AU  - Castranova, V
AU  - Banks, D E
AU  - Ma, J K
AD  - School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 91
EP  - 96
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Anions
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Morphology
KW  - DNA
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21274831?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Fluoromicroscopic+studies+of+bleomycin-induced+intracellular+oxidation+in+alveolar+macrophages+and+its+inhibition+by+taurine.&rft.au=Bhat%2C+M%3BRojanasakul%2C+Y%3BWeber%2C+S+L%3BMa%2C+J+Y%3BCastranova%2C+V%3BBanks%2C+D+E%3BMa%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Bhat&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Fluorescence; Membranes; Calcium; Anions; Morphology; Oxidation; DNA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic and Molecular Ecotoxicology: A Research Framework
AN  - 21270326; 11704902
AB  - Participants at the Napa Conference on Genetic and Molecular Ecotoxicology assessed the status of this field in light of heightened concerns about the genetic effects of exposure to hazardous substances and recent advancements in our capabilities to measure those effects. We present here a synthesis of the ideas discussed throughout the conference, including definitions of important concepts in the field and critical research needs and opportunities. While there were many opinions expressed on these topics, there was general agreement that there are substantive new opportunities to improve the impact of genetic and molecular ecotoxicology on prediction of sublethal effects of exposure to hazardous substances. Future studies should emphasize integration of genetic ecotoxicology, ecological genetics, and molecular biology and should be directed toward improving our understanding of the ecological implications of genotoxic responses. Ecological implications may be assessed at either the population or ecosystem level; however, a population-level focus may be most pragmatic. Recent technical advancements in measuring genetic and molecular responses to toxicant exposure will spur rapid progress. These new techniques have considerable promise for increasing our understanding of both mechanisms of toxicity on genes or gene products and the relevance of detrimental effects to individual fitness. a Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 12):3a8 (1994)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Anderson, Susan
AU  - Sadinski, Walter
AU  - Shugart, Lee
AU  - Brussard, Peter
AU  - Depledge, Michael
AU  - Ford, Tim
AU  - Hose, JoEllen
AU  - Stegeman, John
AU  - Suk, William
AU  - Wirgin, Isaac
AU  - Wogan, Gerald
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 3
EP  - 8
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 12
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - genetic
KW  - molecular
KW  - ecotoxicology
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - genotypes
KW  - genotoxic
KW  - global pollution
KW  - populations
KW  - ecosystems
KW  - biodiversity
KW  - hazardous substances
KW  - Prediction
KW  - Fitness
KW  - Ecosystems
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Integration
KW  - Research Priorities
KW  - Sublethal Effects
KW  - Exposure
KW  - sublethal effects
KW  - Synthesis
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - Ecological genetics
KW  - Spurs
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - genetic effects
KW  - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics
KW  - H 14000:Toxicology
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270326?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Genetic+and+Molecular+Ecotoxicology%3A+A+Research+Framework&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Susan%3BSadinski%2C+Walter%3BShugart%2C+Lee%3BBrussard%2C+Peter%3BDepledge%2C+Michael%3BFord%2C+Tim%3BHose%2C+JoEllen%3BStegeman%2C+John%3BSuk%2C+William%3BWirgin%2C+Isaac%3BWogan%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+12&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Integration; Toxicants; Conferences; Genotoxicity; Toxicity; Ecological genetics; ecotoxicology; genetic effects; sublethal effects; molecular biology; Prediction; Research Priorities; Ecosystems; Sublethal Effects; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Synthesis; Spurs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interleukin-1-mediated acute lung injury and tolerance to oxidative injury.
AN  - 21270273; 11701588
AB  - Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a highly potent molecule that has a myriad of effects in biologic systems. This brief review describes some of our findings on the effects of IL-1 in biologic systems. On the one hand, IL-1 treatment caused a neutrophil-dependent acute edematous lung injury that resembled changes in the lungs of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). On the other hand, IL-1 pretreatment conferred a tolerance to lung oxidative lung injury and ischemia-reperfusion insults--again conditions manifest in sick patients. The potential mechanisms responsible for these seemingly paradoxical influences of IL-1 are described and related to possible strategies for the treatment of patients with ARDS, ischemia-reperfusion disorders, and other oxidant-mediated conditions.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Repine, J E
AD  - Webb-Waring Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 75
EP  - 78
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Lung
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Interleukin 1
KW  - Respiratory distress syndrome
KW  - F 06935:Development, Aging & Organ Systems
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270273?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Interleukin-1-mediated+acute+lung+injury+and+tolerance+to+oxidative+injury.&rft.au=Repine%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Repine&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Injuries; Lung; Interleukin 1; Respiratory distress syndrome; Reviews
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The wildlife/human connection: modernizing risk decisions.
AN  - 21268643; 11703526
AB  - This article proposes that genetic and molecular ecotoxicology can play an important role in making policy and risk assessment decisions concerning xenobiotics. It calls for a greater awareness by ecotoxicologists to the effects in wildlife and humans resulting from transgenerational exposure to synthetic chemicals that interfere with gene expression and differentiation. The difficulty of recognizing these effects on the endocrine, immune, and nervous systems in developing embryos is described and suggests why effects of this nature have traditionally not been addressed when determining risk to synthetic chemicals. Specific examples are cited of environmental effects on hormonally responsive tissue in wildlife populations which could be used as models for assessing human exposure to synthetic chemicals. Evidence is presented that the environmental load of synthetic chemicals has reached critical levels at which wildlife and human health are at risk.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Colborn, T
AD  - World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 55
EP  - 59
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 12
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - ecotoxicology
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Embryos
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21268643?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+wildlife%2Fhuman+connection%3A+modernizing+risk+decisions.&rft.au=Colborn%2C+T&rft.aulast=Colborn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+12&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Chemicals; ecotoxicology; Wildlife; Embryos; Xenobiotics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Generation of oxygen radicals by minerals and its correlation to cytotoxicity.
AN  - 21268626; 11703516
AB  - Occupational exposure to mineral dust causes pneumoconiosis and other diseases. A cytotoxicity assay to predict the potential of minerals to cause disease would be of great value as a prevention strategy. This study compares the ability of several minerals to generate the more potent oxidizing agent, hydroxyl radical (.OH), and their cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation potentials. Crystalline silica, the most potent cytotoxic and pathogenic mineral studied, showed the least ability to generate .OH radicals while inducing the maximal lipid peroxidation. Coal mine dust, showing the maximal ability to generate .OH radicals, was the least cytotoxic in bioassays of toxicity and induction of lipid peroxidation. Based on these results, it would appear that the ability of minerals to induce lipid peroxidation provides a better correlation with known cytotoxicity and pathogenicity of minerals than does their ability to generate oxygen radicals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Vallyathan, V
AD  - Pathology Section, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 111
EP  - 115
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Pneumoconiosis
KW  - Coal
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - peroxidation
KW  - Mines
KW  - Dust
KW  - Hydroxyl radicals
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - silica
KW  - prevention
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21268626?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Generation+of+oxygen+radicals+by+minerals+and+its+correlation+to+cytotoxicity.&rft.au=Vallyathan%2C+V&rft.aulast=Vallyathan&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lipids; Pneumoconiosis; Toxicity; Coal; Mines; peroxidation; Dust; Hydroxyl radicals; Oxygen; Cytotoxicity; Bioassays; silica; prevention; Minerals; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of within-group variation in CYP1A mRNA inducibility in environmentally exposed and chemically treated Atlantic tomcod.
AN  - 21264255; 11703524
AB  - CYP1A gene expression has been implicated in the processing of environmental procarcinogens and levels of variation in CYP1A mRNA expression are high in both environmentally exposed and chemically treated Atlantic tomcod. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of physical and biological parameters such as temperature, sex, and reproductive state on within-group variation in CYP1A mRNA induction. Levels of variation in CYP1A mRNA expression were directly correlated with mean levels of gene induction. Our results indicate that sex and reproductive state, but not temperature, had significant effects on CYP1A mRNA inducibility in tomcod; however, these parameters did not account for all interindividual variation in CYP1A inducibility. Other intrinsic biological factors, such as genetic polymorphisms in molecular pathways leading to CYP1A induction, may contribute to the high levels of interindividual variation in CYP1A inducibility in Atlantic tomcod.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Courtenay, S
AU  - Williams, P J
AU  - Grunwald, C
AU  - Konkle, B
AU  - Ong, T L
AU  - Wirgin, I I
AD  - Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Moncton, New Brunswick.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 85
EP  - 90
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 12
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Gene expression
KW  - CYP1A protein
KW  - Gene polymorphism
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - A, Atlantic
KW  - Sex
KW  - N 14830:RNA
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21264255?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+within-group+variation+in+CYP1A+mRNA+inducibility+in+environmentally+exposed+and+chemically+treated+Atlantic+tomcod.&rft.au=Courtenay%2C+S%3BWilliams%2C+P+J%3BGrunwald%2C+C%3BKonkle%2C+B%3BOng%2C+T+L%3BWirgin%2C+I+I&rft.aulast=Courtenay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+12&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gene expression; Temperature effects; CYP1A protein; Gene polymorphism; Cytochrome P450; Sex; Temperature; A, Atlantic
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nondestructive biomarkers in ecotoxicology.
AN  - 21261892; 11701599
AB  - The aim of this article is to attempt a concise review of the state of the art of the nondestructive biomarkers approach in vertebrates, establishing a consensus on the most useful and sensitive nondestructive biomarker techniques, and proposing research priorities for the development and validation of this promising methodology. The following topics are discussed: the advantages of the use of nondestructive strategies in biomonitoring programs and the research fields in which nondestructive biomarkers can be applied; the biological materials suitable for nondestructive biomarkers and residue analysis in vertebrates; which biomarkers lend themselves to noninvasive techniques; and the validation and implementation strategy of the nondestructive biomarker approach. Examples of applications of this methodology in the hazard assessment of endangered species are also presented. Images Figure 1. C
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fossi, M C
AD  - Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, University of Siena, Italy.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 49
EP  - 54
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 12
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Water Pollution
KW  - Residues
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Hazards
KW  - ecotoxicology
KW  - Research Priorities
KW  - Assessments
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Endangered species
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261892?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Nondestructive+biomarkers+in+ecotoxicology.&rft.au=Fossi%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Fossi&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+12&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; ecotoxicology; Residues; Reviews; Endangered species; Hazards; Water Pollution; Research Priorities; Assessments; Water Pollution Effects; Toxicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Role of renal metabolism in risk to toxic chemicals.
AN  - 21261868; 11701593
AB  - The kidneys are capable of carrying out extensive oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and conjugation reactions. Renal cortex has high activities of cytochrome P450 and glutathione (GSH) S-transferase. In contrast, renal medulla has high activity of prostaglandin synthetase, which can catalyze co-oxidation of xenobiotics. While these pathways are found in many tissues and at higher activities than in kidney, several key enzymes of the mercapturic acid pathway are found at especially high activities in cells of the renal proximal tubule. Investigations over the last two decades demonstrated that GSH conjugation is not only a mechanism for detoxification of reactive electrophiles. Rather, metabolism of GSH S-conjugates to the corresponding cysteine S-conjugates represents a branch point: cysteine S-conjugates may be metabolized by the cysteine S-conjugate N-acetyl-transferase to mercapturic acids, which are nontoxic and are excreted, or they may be substrates for the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent cysteine conjugate beta-lyase, which catalyzes either a beta-elimination or a transamination reaction to produce unstable thiols. These thiols rearrange to form potent acylating species that can covalently bind to cellular macromolecules, thereby producing cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. In addition to the beta-lyase, two other renal enzymes, L-2-amino (2-hydroxy) acid oxidase and cysteine conjugate S-oxidase, can bioactivate chemicals to produce nephrotoxic species. Several halogenated alkanes and alkenes are bioactivated by these pathways. These findings show that mammalian kidney is highly active in bioactivation of xenobiotics. Although the properties of the corresponding enzymes in humans may differ, it is clear that renal metabolism can be a critical determinant of risk to chemical injury.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lash, L H
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 75
EP  - 79
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 11
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Detoxification
KW  - Macromolecules
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Glutathione
KW  - renal cortex
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Proximal tubules
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - alkenes
KW  - Thiols
KW  - Alkanes
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Prostaglandins
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Hydrolysis
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Cytochrome
KW  - Cysteine
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Cytochrome P450
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261868?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Role+of+renal+metabolism+in+risk+to+toxic+chemicals.&rft.au=Lash%2C+L+H&rft.aulast=Lash&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+11&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alkanes; Detoxification; Mutagenicity; Macromolecules; Injuries; renal cortex; Glutathione; Prostaglandins; Enzymes; Xenobiotics; Hydrolysis; Cytotoxicity; Proximal tubules; Cysteine; Carcinogenicity; Thiols; Oxidation; Kidney; Cytochrome P450; Metabolism; Chemicals; Cytochrome; alkenes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Population genetic structure and ecotoxicology.
AN  - 21261474; 11703523
AB  - Electrophoretic analyses of population genetic structure, both in the laboratory and in the field, have documented significant shifts in allozyme genotype frequencies in a variety of aquatic taxa as a result of environmental impacts. Studies are documented which indicate that contaminants may select for individuals with tolerant allozyme genotypes, causing the potential loss of individuals with sensitive genotypes. This may diminish the genetic variability and fitness of affected populations and make them more susceptible to extinction following a subsequent stress. Future research involving population genetic structure and ecotoxicology should focus on determining the mechanism of sensitivity, documenting multigenerational effects of chronic laboratory exposure on population genetic composition, investigating whether previously stressed and genetically impacted populations are more susceptible to further natural and/or anthropogenic stressors, and establishing the utility of population genetic structure as a sensitive monitor of impacts in aquatic systems and their subsequent remediation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Guttman, S I
AD  - Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056, USA.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 97
EP  - 100
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 12
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Fitness
KW  - Variability
KW  - Bioremediation
KW  - taxa
KW  - Genotypes
KW  - Utilities
KW  - ecotoxicology
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Isoenzymes
KW  - extinction
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Extinction
KW  - anthropogenic factors
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Aquatic Populations
KW  - Environmental impact
KW  - Stress
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Aquatic environment
KW  - population genetics
KW  - Structure
KW  - Water Pollution Effects
KW  - Remediation
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION
KW  - G 07750:Ecological & Population Genetics
KW  - SW 3030:Effects of pollution
KW  - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Population+genetic+structure+and+ecotoxicology.&rft.au=Guttman%2C+S+I&rft.aulast=Guttman&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+12&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fitness; Population genetics; Extinction; Environmental impact; Isoenzymes; Stress; Genotypes; Contaminants; Sensitivity; ecotoxicology; population genetics; Bioremediation; anthropogenic factors; extinction; taxa; Aquatic environment; Variability; Pollutants; Laboratories; Water Pollution Effects; Structure; Remediation; Aquatic Populations; Toxicity; Utilities
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Activation of the respiratory burst oxidase.
AN  - 21260491; 11701584
AB  - The respiratory burst oxidase of phagocytes and B lymphocytes catalyzes the reduction of oxygen by NADPH to form O2-, the precursor of a group of reactive oxidants that are employed by phagocytes as microbicidal agents. The enzyme is active in stimulated cells but dominant in resting cells. It molecular weight guanine nucleotide-binding protein. The components p22phox and gp91phox from cytochrome b558, a flavohemoprotein that resides in the cortical cytoskeleton and in the membranes of the specific granules. The other components are found in the cytosol of resting cells, but migrate to the cortical cytoskeleton when the neutrophils are activated, where they assemble the active oxidase. Migration to the cortical cytoskeleton is caused in part by the appearance of a membrane binding site on one or more of the cytosolic subunits, possibly due to the phosphorylation of p47phox that takes place during cell activation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Babior, B M
AD  - Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 53
EP  - 56
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Granules
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - respiratory burst oxidase
KW  - Cell activation
KW  - Leukocyte migration
KW  - Cytoskeleton
KW  - Cortex
KW  - Phosphorylation
KW  - Phagocytes
KW  - Molecular weight
KW  - Cell migration
KW  - migration
KW  - cytochrome b558
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Lymphocytes B
KW  - Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
KW  - Guanine nucleotide-binding protein
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - NADP
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Cytochrome
KW  - Cytosol
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Oxidants
KW  - microbicides
KW  - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260491?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Activation+of+the+respiratory+burst+oxidase.&rft.au=Babior%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Babior&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Granules; cytochrome b558; Lymphocytes B; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Enzymes; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein; respiratory burst oxidase; NADP; Cell activation; Cytoskeleton; Leukocyte migration; Oxygen; Cortex; Phosphorylation; Phagocytes; Molecular weight; Cytosol; Cell migration; Oxidants; microbicides; migration; Cytochrome; Membranes; Proteins; Lymphocytes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of oxygen-derived radicals in biological systems using electron spin resonance.
AN  - 21260024; 11703513
AB  - Oxygen-centered radicals, particularly the hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, have been postulated in many biochemical reactions and have been implicated in many adverse reactions in vivo. This article begins with a review of spin-trapping detection of oxygen-centered radicals in vitro and concludes with a presentation of our approach to the detection of the hydroxyl radicals in models of acute iron and copper poisoning.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mason, R P
AU  - Hanna, P M
AU  - Burkitt, M J
AU  - Kadiiska, M B
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 33
EP  - 36
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Poisoning
KW  - Copper
KW  - Iron
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Hydroxyl radicals
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260024?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Detection+of+oxygen-derived+radicals+in+biological+systems+using+electron+spin+resonance.&rft.au=Mason%2C+R+P%3BHanna%2C+P+M%3BBurkitt%2C+M+J%3BKadiiska%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biochemistry; Reviews; Poisoning; Copper; Iron; Side effects; Hydroxyl radicals
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Oxidants, antioxidants, and respiratory tract lining fluids.
AN  - 21259734; 11701583
AB  - Respiratory tract lining fluids (RTLFs) are a heterogeneous group of substances covering the respiratory tract epithelial cells (RTECs) from nasal mucosa to alveoli. Antioxidant contained in the RTLFs can be expected to provide an initial defense against inhaled environmental toxins. The major antioxidants in RTLF include mucin, uric acid, protein (largely albumin), ascorbic acid, and reduced glutathione (GSH). RTLF antioxidants can be augmented by such processes as transudation/exudation of plasma constituents; RTEC secretory processes, including glandular mucus secretion; and cellular antioxidants derived from lysis of RTECs and of inflammatory cells. The antioxidant composition of RTLFs and their role in modulating normal and pathophysiologic RTEC functions under conditions of oxidative stress are yet to be fully characterized.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cross, C E
AU  - van der Vliet, A
AU  - O'Neill, C A
AU  - Louie, S
AU  - Halliwell, B
AD  - University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 185
EP  - 191
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - mucins
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Oxidants
KW  - Toxins
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - Respiratory tract
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gore%2C+Al&rft.aulast=Gore&rft.aufirst=Al&rft.date=1993-09-10&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=From+Red+Tape+to+Results%3A+Creating+a+Government+That+Works+Better+%26+Costs+Less.+Report+of+the+National+Performance+Review.&rft.title=From+Red+Tape+to+Results%3A+Creating+a+Government+That+Works+Better+%26+Costs+Less.+Report+of+the+National+Performance+Review.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antioxidants; mucins; Proteins; oxidative stress; Toxins; Oxidants; Respiratory tract
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pharmacokinetic factors influencing risk assessment: saturation of biochemical processes and cofactor depletion.
AN  - 21258936; 11704899
AB  - Models generally consider risk to be a function of the hazard (toxicity) and exposure (dose). That function is best described by the dose response of the toxic effect. For any risk assessment system to be effective, it should consider that dose-response relationship. Saturation phenomena often produce nonlinear dose curves, and any risk assessment system should be able to address such effects. Physiologically based pharmacokinetics offer an approach to deal with these nonlinear responses. Some historic risk models and common saturable processes are discussed. The impact of maximum tolerated dose (MTD) on risk evaluation and the kinetics of some saturable processes are considered. Specific examples have been selected to demonstrate the importance of saturation of processes in assessing the hazard of chemicals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sumner, D D
AU  - Stevens, J T
AD  - CIBA-GEIGY Corporation, Agricultural Division, Greensboro, NC 27419, USA.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 13
EP  - 22
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 11
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21258936?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Risk assessment; Historical account; Biochemistry; Kinetics; Dose-response effects; Physiology; Toxicity; Pharmacokinetics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Applications of physiologic pharmacokinetic modeling in carcinogenic risk assessment.
AN  - 21253658; 11701591
AB  - The use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models has been proposed as a means of estimating the dose of the reactive metabolites of carcinogenic xenobiotics reaching target tissues, thereby affording an opportunity to base estimates of potential cancer risk on tissue dose rather than external levels of exposure. In this article, we demonstrate how a PBPK model can be constructed by specifying mass-balance equations for each physiological compartment included in the model. In general, this leads to a system of nonlinear partial differential equations with which to characterize the compartment system. These equations then can be solved numerically to determine the concentration of metabolites in each compartment as functions of time. In the special case of a linear pharmacokinetic system, we present simple closed-form expressions for the area under the concentration-time curves (AUC) in individual tissue compartments. A general relationship between the AUC in blood and other tissue compartments is also established. These results are of use in identifying those parameters in the models that characterize the integrated tissue dose, and which should therefore be the primary focus of sensitivity analyses. Applications of PBPK modeling for purposes of tissue dosimetry are reviewed, including models developed for methylene chloride, ethylene oxide, 1,4-dioxane, 1-nitropyrene, as well as polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and furans. Special considerations in PBPK modeling related to aging, topical absorption, pregnancy, and mixed exposures are discussed. The linkage between pharmacokinetic models used for tissue dosimetry and pharmacodynamic models for neoplastic transformation of stem cells in the target tissue is explored.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Krewski, D
AU  - Withey, J R
AU  - Ku, L F
AU  - Andersen, M E
AD  - Health Protection Branch, Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 37
EP  - 50
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 11
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Furans
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - stem cells
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Reviews
KW  - sensitivity analysis
KW  - Absorption
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - aging
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Physiology; Dosimetry; Chlorides; Metabolites; Xenobiotics; Furans; Dioxins; Pharmacokinetics; Cancer; Pregnancy; Carcinogenicity; stem cells; sensitivity analysis; Reviews; Absorption; PCB compounds; aging
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Somatic and heritable effects of environmental genotoxins and the emergence of evolutionary toxicology.
AN  - 21253289; 11701595
AB  - The genetic effects of environmental pollutants include mutations in somatic cells or germinal cells that are the direct result of exposure to toxicants. Biomarkers that detect such mutagenic effects have been developed and tested in field studies on wildlife populations. However, another class of genetic effects resulting from pollution exposure exists. Specifically, changes in allele frequencies of populations will occur as a result of population bottlenecks, inbreeding, or selection at loci critical for survival in polluted environments. We describe how such genetic alterations can be studied at the population level using the techniques of molecular genetics, and we predict the development of a new field, evolutionary toxicology, that will address such issues.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bickham, J W
AU  - Smolen, M J
AD  - Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, USA.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 25
EP  - 28
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 12
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - population levels
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Survival
KW  - Somatic cells
KW  - Population genetics
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Population levels
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Pollution
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Population bottleneck
KW  - Wildlife
KW  - Population studies
KW  - biomarkers
KW  - genetic effects
KW  - inbreeding
KW  - Gene frequency
KW  - Inbreeding
KW  - survival
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Polluted environments
KW  - Evolution
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicants; Population bottleneck; Wildlife; Survival; Population studies; Somatic cells; biomarkers; Population genetics; Pollutants; Inbreeding; Population levels; Gene frequency; Mutation; Evolution; Pollution; Polluted environments; Bioindicators; population levels; inbreeding; genetic effects; Pollution effects; survival; Toxicology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk assessment of oxidant gases and particulate air pollutants: uncertainties and research needs.
AN  - 21252321; 11701586
AB  - The assessment of risks to human health associated with exposure to oxidant air pollutants has not received adequate attention despite the recognized public health threat posed by the ubiquitous presence of these compounds in the environment. In this article, research needs and uncertainties at each of the steps in the risk assessment of oxidant air pollutants are identified: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Many of these limitations and uncertainties arise at the interface between the laboratory and the regulatory arenas. Therefore, as a case study, relevant methodologic problems associated with the application of experimental findings to the risk assessment of respirable dusts are also discussed. These issues include the extrapolation of animal data to the human case and extrapolation from high-dose to environmentally relevant, low-level exposures.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Samet, J M
AU  - Pepelko, W E
AU  - Sonawane, B
AU  - Hatch, G E
AU  - Driscoll, K E
AU  - Oberdorster, G
AD  - Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 209
EP  - 213
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - case studies
KW  - Gases
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Oxidants
KW  - Dust
KW  - Public health
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; Risk assessment; Air pollution; Gases; Dose-response effects; Particulates; Dust; Oxidants; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Oxygen-derived species: their relation to human disease and environmental stress.
AN  - 21251604; 11703517
AB  - Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly formed in the human body, often for useful metabolic purposes. Antioxidant defenses protect against them, but these defenses are not completely adequate, and systems that repair damage by ROS are also necessary. Mild oxidative stress often induces antioxidant defense enzymes, but severe stress can cause oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA within cells, leading to such events as DNA strand breakage and disruption of calcium ion metabolism. Oxidative stress can result from exposure to toxic agents, and by the process of tissue injury itself. Ozone, oxides of nitrogen, and cigarette smoke can cause oxidative damage; but the molecular targets that they damage may not be the same.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Halliwell, B
AU  - Cross, C E
AD  - University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 5
EP  - 12
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Cigarette smoke
KW  - Reactive oxygen species
KW  - Oxidative stress
KW  - oxides
KW  - Environmental stress
KW  - Ozone
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Nitrogen oxides
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - Lipid metabolism
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Calcium metabolism
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - T 2000:Cellular Calcium
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Oxygen-derived+species%3A+their+relation+to+human+disease+and+environmental+stress.&rft.au=Halliwell%2C+B%3BCross%2C+C+E&rft.aulast=Halliwell&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+10&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antioxidants; Injuries; Free radicals; Enzymes; Cigarette smoke; Lipid metabolism; Calcium metabolism; DNA damage; Reactive oxygen species; Oxidative stress; DNA; oxides; Environmental stress; Nitrogen; Ozone; Calcium; Cigarettes; Lipids; Proteins; Nitrogen oxides; Metabolism; oxidative stress
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mechanisms of carcinogenesis by crystalline silica in relation to oxygen radicals.
AN  - 21251307; 11701580
AB  - The carcinogenic effects of crystalline silica in rat lungs were extensively demonstrated by many experimental long-term studies, showing a marked predominance for adenocarcinomas originating from alveolar type II cells and associated with areas of pulmonary fibrosis (silicosis). In contrast with its effects in rats, silica did not induce alveolar type II hyperplasia and lung tumors in mice and hamsters, pointing to a critical role for host factors. Using these animal models, we are investigating the role of cytokines and other cellular mediators on the proliferation of alveolar type II cells. Immunohistochemical localization of TGF-beta 1 precursor in alveolar type II cells adjacent to silicotic granulomas was shown to occur in rats, but not in mice, and hamsters, suggesting a pathogenetic role for this regulatory growth factor. Recent investigations in our laboratory on the biologic mechanisms of crystalline silica included determination of anionic sites on crystalline silica surfaces by binding of the cationic dye Janus Green B; binding of crystalline silica to DNA, demonstrated by infrared spectrometry; production of oxygen radicals by crystalline silica in aqueous media; induction of DNA strand breakage and base oxidation in vitro and its potentiation by superoxide dismutase and by hydrogen peroxide; and induction by crystalline silica of neoplastic transformation and chromosomal damage in cells in culture. On the basis of these in vitro studies, we propose that DNA binding to crystalline silica surfaces may be important in silica carcinogenesis by anchoring DNA close to sites of oxygen radical production on the silica surface, so that the oxygen radicals are produced within a few A from their target DNA nucleotides. Images Figure 3. A Figure 3. B
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Saffiotti, U
AU  - Daniel, L N
AU  - Mao, Y
AU  - Shi, X
AU  - Williams, A O
AU  - Kaighn, M E
AD  - Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0041.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 159
EP  - 163
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Lung
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - silica
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Mice
KW  - Spectrometry
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Oxygen; Carcinogenicity; Lung; silica; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Mice; Spectrometry
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pharmacokinetic determinants of embryotoxicity in rats associated with organic acids.
AN  - 21250981; 11703520
AB  - We have studied four organic acids of similar structure to further understand the basis of their developmental toxicity. Valproic acid (2-propyl pentanoic acid), ethylhexanoic acid, and octanoic acid are isomeric C8 organic acids but their teratologic potency varied widely. Valproic acid induced a moderate to severe teratologic outcome after a single oral administration of 6.25 mmoles/kg on day 12 of rat pregnancy. Twice as much ethylhexanoic acid (12.5 mmoles/kg) induced a less severe response. Octanoic acid was nonteratogenic even at the very high dose of 18.75 mmoles/kg. This latter result is undoubtedly due to poor intestinal absorption of octanoic acid, as the maternal plasma levels never reached half of those measured for valproic acid and ethylhexanoic acid. Moreover, only a tiny fraction of that in maternal plasma was actually transferred into the embryo. On the other hand, the peak concentration and duration of exposure to valproic acid and ethylhexanoic acid were very similar despite a more severe teratologic outcome following valproic acid, which indicated higher intrinsic activity of this latter agent. A fourth agent, methylhexanoic acid, was also studied and had no teratogenic effects when given at 14.1 mmoles/kg. Pharmacokinetic studies of this agent revealed higher peak concentrations in maternal plasma and embryo than valproic acid or ethylhexanoic acid, but the duration of exposure was shorter. We conclude that pharmacokinetic parameters can be important determinants of teratologic outcome and thereby help explain differing potencies of structurally similar chemicals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Scott, W J
AU  - Collins, M D
AU  - Nau, H
AD  - Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Dec 1994
SP  - 97
EP  - 101
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 11
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Rats
KW  - Organic acids
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Embryos
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Pharmacokinetics
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Chemicals; Organic acids; Absorption; Embryos; Toxicity; Pharmacokinetics; Pregnancy
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Use of radium isotopes to examine pore-water exchange in an estuary
AN  - 1808734929; PQ0003340649
AB  - The measured distributions of four isotopes of Ra along the estuary of the Bega River are used to examine sediment-water column exchange. Ra is created in estuarine sediments by the radioactive decay of insoluble Th parents residing close to or on the surfaces of the sediment grains. Ra desorbed into the pore water is continuously lost to the water column due to the cyclical draining and filling of the sediments by the tides. The distribution of Ra in the estuary is governed by its rate of loss from the sediments, its advection along the estuary resulting from river discharge into the estuary's head, tidal mixing, and radioactive decay. These processes are all described in a model. Matching of model-predicted Ra concentrations with measurements allows an estimate of the effective depth in the sediments to which the pore water is exchanged every tidal cycle. This depth is large (15 cm), but it is shown to be reasonable for the Bega estuary.
JF  - Limnology and Oceanography
AU  - Webster, Ian T
AU  - Hancock, Gary J
AU  - Murray, Andrew S
AD  - CSIRO Center for Environmental Mechanics, GPO Box 821, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Y1  - 1994/12//
PY  - 1994
DA  - December 1994
SP  - 1917
EP  - 1927
PB  - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
VL  - 39
IS  - 8
SN  - 0024-3590, 0024-3590
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Australia, New South Wales, Bega R.
KW  - ISEW, Australia, New South Wales, Bega Estuary
KW  - Fluvial Sediments
KW  - Tidal mixing
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Mixing
KW  - Brackishwater environment
KW  - Modelling
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Radium isotopes
KW  - Sediment Distribution
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - Tidal cycles
KW  - River discharge
KW  - Ocean circulation
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Interstitial Water
KW  - Tides
KW  - Sediments
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - SW 0810:General
KW  - Q1 08423:Behaviour
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2016-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-12-22
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Radium isotopes; Tidal cycles; Estuaries; Tidal mixing; River discharge; Ocean circulation; Brackishwater environment; Sediments; Modelling; Sediment Distribution; Fluvial Sediments; Limnology; Oceanography; Interstitial Water; Mixing; Tides; Model Studies; Australia, New South Wales, Bega R.; ISEW, Australia, New South Wales, Bega Estuary
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.8.1917
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Vocational Education and Special Populations: Reauthorization Issues. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62744986; ED378368
AB  - Selected issues related to the special populations provisions of the Perkins Act are examined in this paper. Special populations' access to and participation in vocational education are reviewed, and major Perkins Act provisions addressing special populations and congressional intent behind the provisions are summarized. The U.S. Department of Education's interpretation of special population provisions and recent proposed reinterpretation of the provisions are discussed. Legal provisions other than the Perkins Act that protect and guarantee the rights of members of certain special populations in educational programs are outlined. Special attention is paid to civil rights statutes, regulations, and guidelines. The following policy alternatives available to the 104th Congress as it prepares to reauthorize the Perkins Act are analyzed: (1) use current civil rights statutes to ensure access; (2) enact current regulations; (3) enact the Department of Education's proposed regulatory changes; and (4) provide access for all students to high quality programs. The implications of the four policy alternatives with respect to educational equity and quality and unfunded mandates were considered. Appended is a summary of the major Perkins Act provisions for special populations. (MN)
AU  - Apling, Richard N.
AU  - Moulin, Sylvie
Y1  - 1994/11/29/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Nov 29
SP  - 46
VL  - CRS-94-940-EPW
KW  - Carl D Perkins Voc and Appl Techn Educ Act 1990
KW  - Department of Education
KW  - Unfunded Mandates
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Special Needs Students
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Equal Education
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Civil Rights Legislation
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Disadvantaged
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62744986?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Education for the Disadvantaged: Analysis of 1994 ESEA Title I Amendments under P.L. 103-382. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62746788; ED385625
AB  - In October 1994 the President signed into law H.R. 6, P.L. 103-382, the Improving America's Schools Act (IASA). Impacts of the IASA, which extends and amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and related federal legislation, including the Title I program of aid for the education of disadvantaged children, are explored. More funds will be targeted for high poverty schools, and more programs will be operated on a schoolwide basis. Rules of participation for disabled or limited-English-proficient students are simplified, and coordination of education with other social and health services for students is encouraged. Funds can be used to support programs of choice among public Title I schools. More professional development is encouraged, and more extensive planning is required from states and local education agencies. The revised Title I will encourage greater parental involvement, and will authorize two types of national assessments of Title I and its effects, along with discretionary grants to demonstrate new approaches to educating the disadvantaged. Some minor adjustments are made to participation by private schools. Five tables, two of which are in the appendix, summarize changes and new approaches. An appendix provides data related to effort and equity factors for the incentive grant formula. (SLD)
AU  - Riddle, Wayne C.
Y1  - 1994/11/18/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Nov 18
SP  - 56
VL  - CRS-94-968-EPW; TACB-456
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Demonstration Programs
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Parent Participation
KW  - Educational Planning
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
KW  - Compensatory Education
KW  - Limited English Speaking
KW  - Educational Assessment
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62746788?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: Reauthorization Overview. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62725900; ED379836
AB  - This report provides an overview of programs authorized under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and discusses potential reauthorization issues. Programs include the Grants to States program, preschool program, infants and toddlers program, and discretionary grant programs. For each program, information includes fiscal year 1995 appropriations, number of children served, allocation formula used, number of states participating, and the legislation that established the program. Total funding for all IDEA programs from fiscal year 1980 to 1995 is charted. Reauthorization issues for each program are reviewed briefly, such as inclusion of children with disabilities in regular education classes, transition of young children with disabilities, financing of early intervention, and reform of special education. (JDD)
AU  - Aleman, Steven R.
Y1  - 1994/11/17/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Nov 17
SP  - 6
KW  - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Special Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Early Intervention
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62725900?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Supersedes ED 370 307.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Characteristics of Students Who Borrow To Finance Their Postsecondary Education. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62745965; ED377778
AB  - The report uses data from the 1989-90 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:90) to examine the use of loans to finance postsecondary education. This survey provides detailed information about students' expenses for education, sources of funds, and types of financial aid received as well as information on students' demographic, socioeconomic, and enrollment characteristics. Data are presented separately for undergraduates, graduate students, and first-professional degree students and address: variations in borrowing by student and institutional characteristics; characteristics of borrowers and non-borrowers; and borrowing in relation to need and other financial aid. Some of the report's highlights include: (1) of the 16.3 million undergraduates enrolled in the 1989-90 academic year, 19 percent borrowed an average of $2,800 through student loan programs and 30 percent of those who were enrolled full time borrowed (also an average of $2,800); (2) the percentage who borrowed through student loan programs varied by type of institutions from a low of 13 percent for full-time undergraduates attending public less-then-4-year institutions to a high of 69 percent of students attending private, for-profit institutions; and (3) of the 2.3 million graduate and first-professional degree students enrolled in 1989-90, 17 percent borrowed an average of $8,600. Appendices containing a glossary and technical notes and methodology are included. Contains 47 tables and 10 figures. (JB)
AU  - Choy, Susan B.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - November 1994
SP  - 116
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160453941
KW  - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - Graduate Students
KW  - Need Analysis (Student Financial Aid)
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Degrees (Academic)
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Paying for College
KW  - Professional Education
KW  - College Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745965?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - School Library Media Centers in the United States: 1990-91. Survey Report.
AN  - 62744173; ED377858
AB  - Data, derived from the National Center for Education Statistics 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey, are presented about school library media centers and the support they receive. The focus is on the number of schools with library media centers, the level at which these centers are staffed, and the role library media centers and their staff play in schools. As of 1990-91, 96% of public and 87% of private elementary and secondary schools in the United States had a library or library media center. The expansion in library media specialists seen between 1960 and 1980 has slowed, and in the early 1990s school library media center staffing levels have not kept pace with increases in student enrollment. In the public sector, 8% of schools with library media centers did not employ some kind of media center staff, but over half of the smaller, elementary, and non-Catholic religious private schools had neither a librarian/media specialist nor a library aide. Few school principals reported that the school librarian or media specialist had much influence over curriculum decisions, although private school librarians were more likely to be acknowledged as influential. Twenty tables (and eight appendix tables) and four figures present survey data. (Contains 19 references.) (SLD)
AU  - Ingersoll, Richard M.
AU  - Han, Mei
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - November 1994
SP  - 66
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-326
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Library Statistics
KW  - Influences
KW  - Childrens Libraries
KW  - Library Personnel
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Media Specialists
KW  - Learning Resources Centers
KW  - Enrollment Rate
KW  - Library Technicians
KW  - School Libraries
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Private Schools
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62744173?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For an earlier report (1985-86 with historical com
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Academic Libraries: 1992. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62741112; ED376837
AB  - This report is based on information from the 1992-93 IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System) Academic Libraries survey. The data in this report come from the higher education institutions in IPEDS and include all colleges and universities with accreditation at the higher education level as recognized by the Secretary of Education. The response rate at the national level was 90.5%; data for nonrespondents were imputed and caution should be exercised when comparing estimates by state. This report provides highlights of the findings, brief descriptions of the survey and the methodology, including its scope and new collection procedures, as well as extensive data tables. These tables, which make up the major part of the report, summarize library staff, library operating expenditures, library collections, library loan transactions, and library service per typical week for libraries in higher education institutions in the 50 states and District of Columbia. Staff and service data are for fall 1992, whereas the remainder of the data cover FY 1992, that is, any 12-month period between July 1, 1991, through September 30, 1992, that corresponds to the institution's fiscal year. The Academic Libraries survey has been carried out by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) since 1966. Beginning in 1990, the survey has been conducted on a 2-year cycle. A copy of the questionnaire and instructions for its completion are appended. (BBM)
AU  - Williams, Jeffrey
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - November 1994
SP  - 81
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160453852
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Library Statistics
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Library Personnel
KW  - Library Collections
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Library Circulation
KW  - Academic Libraries
KW  - Library Expenditures
KW  - Library Surveys
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Interlibrary Loans
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62741112?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Globalisation, Multiculturalism and Rethinking the Social
AN  - 61701412; 9507719
AB  - Part of a "Symposium on Globalisation, Multiculturalism and Rethinking on the Social" (see abstracts in SA 43:4). It is contended that in the process of globalization & in the face of multiculturalism, what is meant by "the social" is no longer certain, & social connections themselves are weakening. The development of individualism is leading to a culture of narcissism. This crisis of the social has been accompanied by a related crisis in the sciences of the social, especially sociology, since views of society & social organization are also changing. Also in a state of crisis is the nation-state, since other alliances -- cultural, economic, religious, racial/ethnic, even music & sport -- of a global nature are taking on greater importance. Modernity is fragmenting society as it has been known. Ways of rethinking the social are the topic of discussion here. J. W. Stanton
JF  - The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology
AU  - McDonald, Kevin
AD  - Dept Social Science Royal Melbourne Instit Technology, GPO Box 2476 V Victoria 3001 Australia
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - November 1994
SP  - 239
EP  - 247
VL  - 30
IS  - 3
SN  - 0004-8690, 0004-8690
KW  - "the social," interpretation/rethinking, globalization/multiculturalism impact, sociology implications
KW  - Social Criticism
KW  - Cultural Pluralism
KW  - Sociology
KW  - Crises
KW  - Plural Societies
KW  - Globalization
KW  - Social Disorganization
KW  - article
KW  - 0207: sociology: history and theory; theories, ideas, & systems
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61701412?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Sociology&rft.atitle=Globalisation%2C+Multiculturalism+and+Rethinking+the+Social&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Kevin&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Australian+and+New+Zealand+Journal+of+Sociology&rft.issn=00048690&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-01-08
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - AZJSA4
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plural Societies; Social Criticism; Cultural Pluralism; Crises; Sociology; Social Disorganization; Globalization
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The use of culturagrams to assess and empower culturally diverse families
AN  - 230156018; 02135769
AB  - The culturagram was developed in response to the cultural diversity among families and the need for ethnic-sensitive practice.  With this family assessment tool, social workers are able to assess the impact of culture on the family, individualize ethnically similar families, be more empathic with regard to cultural differences and empower the culturally diverse.
JF  - Families in Society
AU  - Congress, Elaine P
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 531
CY  - Milwaukee
PB  - Alliance for Children and Families
VL  - 75
IS  - 9
SN  - 10443894
KW  - Sociology
KW  - Social work
KW  - Multiculturalism & pluralism
KW  - Families & family life
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apsychology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Families+in+Society&rft.atitle=The+use+of+culturagrams+to+assess+and+empower+culturally+diverse+families&rft.au=Congress%2C+Elaine+P&rft.aulast=Congress&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=531&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Families+in+Society&rft.issn=10443894&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Central
N1  - Copyright - Copyright Family Service America Nov 1994
N1  - Last updated - 2015-08-08
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - hprt mutant lymphocyte frequencies in workers at a 1,3-butadiene production plant.
AN  - 21353989; 7702007
AB  - 1,3-Butadiene is a major industrial chemical that has been shown to be a carcinogen at multiple sites in mice and rats at concentrations as low as 6.25 ppm. Occupational exposures have been reduced in response to these findings, but it may not be possible to determine by using traditional epidemiological methods, whether current exposure levels are adequate for protection of worker health. However, it is possible to evaluate the biological significance of exposure to genotoxic chemicals at the time of exposure by measuring levels of genetic damage in exposed populations. We have conducted a pilot study to evaluate the effects of butadiene exposure on the frequencies of lymphocytes containing mutations at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) locus in workers in a butadiene production plant. At the same time, urine specimens from the same individuals were collected and evaluated for the presence of butadiene-specific metabolites. Eight workers from areas of the plant where the highest exposures to butadiene occur were compared to five workers from plant areas where butadiene exposures were low. In addition, six subjects with no occupational exposure to butadiene were also studied as outside controls. All of the subjects were nonsmokers. An air sampling survey conducted for 6 months, and ending about 3 months before the study, indicated that average butadiene levels in the air of the high-exposure areas were about 3.5 +/- 7.5 ppm. They were 0.03 +/- 0.03 ppm in the low-exposure areas. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from the subjects were assayed using an autoradiographic test for hprt mutations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ward, J B
AU  - Ammenheuser, M M
AU  - Bechtold, W E
AU  - Whorton, E B
AU  - Legator, M S
AD  - Division of Environmental Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 777555-1010.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 79
EP  - 85
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Mutants
KW  - Rats
KW  - Air sampling
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Mice
KW  - Urine
KW  - Mutation
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21353989?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=hprt+mutant+lymphocyte+frequencies+in+workers+at+a+1%2C3-butadiene+production+plant.&rft.au=Ward%2C+J+B%3BAmmenheuser%2C+M+M%3BBechtold%2C+W+E%3BWhorton%2C+E+B%3BLegator%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational exposure; Lymphocytes; Urine; Chromosome aberrations; Air sampling; Rats; Metabolites; Carcinogens; Mutants; Mice; Mutation; Genotoxicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Meta-analysis in cancer epidemiology.
AN  - 21275537; 11701661
AB  - Meta-analysis has seen increasing use as a tool in epidemiology over the past five years. Although this method is relatively well accepted for use in clinical trials, its use has proved somewhat more controversial in epidemiology. If meta-analysis is viewed as an evolutionary improvement over the review article, it may become more widely acceptable. Meta-analysis should incorporate the concern for study quality and differences in study design seen in classic review articles with the concern for rigor, objectivity, and quantitative precision characteristic of meta-analysis. Available tools for consideration of differences among studies are described with several examples from the literature. The extent to which various methods are used in published meta-analyses is described. Methods for assessing publication bias, and tools for combining dose-response data, are discussed also. Evaluation of risk factors and protective factors for cancer must be based on the weight of the evidence. Tools such as meta-analysis are essential if we are to interpret the vast number of completed studies in cancer epidemiology.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Morris, R D
AD  - Division of Epidemiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 61
EP  - 66
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - clinical trials
KW  - Cancer
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275537?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Meta-analysis+in+cancer+epidemiology.&rft.au=Morris%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Dose-response effects; Reviews; clinical trials; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Amplified interactive toxicity of chemicals at nontoxic levels: mechanistic considerations and implications to public health.
AN  - 21270324; 11701667
AB  - It is widely recognized that exposure to combinations or mixtures of chemicals may result in highly exaggerated toxicity even though the individual chemicals might not be toxic. Assessment of risk from exposure to combinations of chemicals requires the knowledge of the underlying mechanism(s). Dietary exposure to a nontoxic dose of chlordecone (CD; 10 ppm, 15 days) results in a 67-fold increase in lethality of an ordinarily inconsequential dose of CCl4 (100 microliters/kg, ip). Toxicity of closely related CHCl3 and BrCCl3 is also enhanced. Phenobarbital (PB, 225 ppm, 15 days) and mirex (10 ppm, 15 days) do not share the propensity of CD in this regard. Exposure to PB + CCl4 results in enhanced liver injury similar to that observed with CD, but the animals recover and survive in contrast to the greatly amplified lethality of CD + CCl4. Investigations have revealed that neither enhanced bioactivation of CCl4 nor increased lipid peroxidation offers a satisfactory explanation of these findings. Additional studies indicate that exposure to a low dose of CCl4 (100 microliters/kg, ip) results in limited injury, which is accompanied by a biphasic response of hepatocellular regeneration (6 and 36 hr) and tissue repair, which enables the animals to recover from injury. Exposure to CD + CCl4 results in suppressed tissue repair owing to an energy deficit in hepatocytes as a consequence of excessive intracellular influx of Ca2+ leading initially to a precipitous decline in glycogen and ultimately to hypoglycemia. Supplementation of cellular energy results in restoration of the tissue repair and complete recovery from the toxicity of CD + CCl4 combination. In contrast, only the early-phase hepatic tissue repair (6 hr) is affected in PB + CCl4 treatment, but this is adequately compensated for by a greater stimulation of tissue repair at 24 and 48 hr resulting in recovery from liver injury and animal survival. A wide variety of additional experimental evidence confirms the central role of stimulated tissue repair as a decisive determinant of the final outcome of liver injury inflicted by CCl4. For instance, a 35-fold greater CCl4 sensitivity of gerbils compared to rats is correlated with the very sluggish tissue repair in gerbils. These findings are consistent with a two-stage model of toxicity, where tissue injury is inflicted by the well described "mechanisms of toxicity," but the outcome of this injury is determined by whether or not sustainable tissue repair response accompanies this injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mehendale, H M
AD  - Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Northeast Louisiana University, Monroe 71209-0470.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 139
EP  - 149
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Phenobarbital
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Hepatocytes
KW  - Lipids
KW  - Chlordecone
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Survival
KW  - Hypoglycemia
KW  - Lead
KW  - Public health
KW  - Rats
KW  - Calcium influx
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Diets
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - regeneration
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - peroxidation
KW  - Lipid peroxidation
KW  - Glycogen
KW  - Calcium (intracellular)
KW  - Lethality
KW  - Energy
KW  - Dietary supplements
KW  - Liver
KW  - Mirex
KW  - survival
KW  - H 14000:Toxicology
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Amplified+interactive+toxicity+of+chemicals+at+nontoxic+levels%3A+mechanistic+considerations+and+implications+to+public+health.&rft.au=Mehendale%2C+H+M&rft.aulast=Mehendale&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Phenobarbital; Injuries; Hepatocytes; Chlordecone; Survival; Toxicity; Hypoglycemia; Glycogen; Lipid peroxidation; Calcium (intracellular); Public health; Calcium influx; Lethality; Dietary supplements; Energy; Liver; Chemicals; Diets; Sensitivity; regeneration; Lipids; Sustainable development; peroxidation; Lead; Rats; Cadmium; survival; Mirex
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes as a cell model to evaluate the genotoxic effect of coal tar treatment.
AN  - 21262010; 11701666
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from psoriatic patients therapeutically exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during coal tar (CT) treatment were used to evaluate the in vivo formation of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide(BaPDE)-DNA adducts by an ELISA technique and by the 32P-postlabeling method. Moreover, we controlled if the pretreatment with CT influences the formation of BaP-DNA adducts and the BaP metabolism in the PBL obtained from psoriatic patients, treated in vitro with BaP. Our data did not show any significant influence of the CT treatment on the levels of PAH-DNA adducts. Moreover, the use of PBL from psoriatic patients, treated in vitro with BaP, did not allow to detect significant modifications of the metabolic activation of BaP and of the ability of its metabolites to bind to DNA, before and after CT treatment. Thus, PBL do not seem to represent an useful cell model to evaluate the possible genotoxic effect of the exposure through the skin of psoriatic patients to the PAH contained in CT.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pavanello, S
AU  - Levis, A G
AD  - Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 95
EP  - 99
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Skin
KW  - Adducts
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Tar
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Cell culture
KW  - Peripheral blood
KW  - Coal
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - DNA
KW  - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Metabolic activation
KW  - Benzo(a)pyrene
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - F 06935:Development, Aging & Organ Systems
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+peripheral+blood+lymphocytes+as+a+cell+model+to+evaluate+the+genotoxic+effect+of+coal+tar+treatment.&rft.au=Pavanello%2C+S%3BLevis%2C+A+G&rft.aulast=Pavanello&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Skin; Data processing; Adducts; Tar; Genotoxicity; Peripheral blood; Cell culture; Lymphocytes; Coal; DNA; Metabolic activation; Benzo(a)pyrene; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Metabolites; Metabolism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interactions of ingested food, beverage, and tobacco components involving human cytochrome P4501A2, 2A6, 2E1, and 3A4 enzymes.
AN  - 21261988; 11701665
AB  - Human cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes are involved in the oxidation of natural products found in foods, beverages, and tobacco products and their catalytic activities can also be modulated by components of the materials. The microsomal activation of aflatoxin B1 to the exo-8,9-epoxide is stimulated by flavone and 7,8-benzoflavone, and attenuated by the flavonoid naringenin, a major component of grapefruit. P4502E1 has been demonstrated to play a potentially major role in the activation of a number of very low-molecular weight cancer suspects, including ethyl carbamate (urethan), which is present in alcoholic beverages and particularly stone brandies. The enzyme (P4502E1) is also known to be inducible by ethanol. Tobacco contains a large number of potential carcinogens. In human liver microsomes a significant role for P4501A2 can be demonstrated in the activation of cigarette smoke condensate. Some of the genotoxicity may be due to arylamines. P4501A2 is also inhibited by components of crude cigarette smoke condensate. The tobacco-specific nitrosamines are activated by a number of P450 enzymes. Of those known to be present in human liver, P4501A2, 2A6, and 2E1 can activate these nitrosamines to genotoxic products.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Guengerich, F P
AU  - Shimada, T
AU  - Yun, C H
AU  - Yamazaki, H
AU  - Raney, K D
AU  - Thier, R
AU  - Coles, B
AU  - Harris, T M
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 49
EP  - 53
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Nitrosamines
KW  - Cytochrome
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Liver
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Interactions+of+ingested+food%2C+beverage%2C+and+tobacco+components+involving+human+cytochrome+P4501A2%2C+2A6%2C+2E1%2C+and+3A4+enzymes.&rft.au=Guengerich%2C+F+P%3BShimada%2C+T%3BYun%2C+C+H%3BYamazaki%2C+H%3BRaney%2C+K+D%3BThier%2C+R%3BColes%2C+B%3BHarris%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Guengerich&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Nitrosamines; Cytochrome; Cigarettes; Genotoxicity; Liver; Tobacco; Enzymes; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Summary: International Symposium on the Health Effects of Boron and its Compounds.
AN  - 21260139; 11703575
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mastromatteo, E
AU  - Sullivan, F
AD  - University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 139
EP  - 141
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Boron
KW  - ENA 08:International
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Summary%3A+International+Symposium+on+the+Health+Effects+of+Boron+and+its+Compounds.&rft.au=Mastromatteo%2C+E%3BSullivan%2C+F&rft.aulast=Mastromatteo&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Boron
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk ratio estimation in case-cohort studies.
AN  - 21259881; 11701662
AB  - In traditional (cumulative-incidence) case-control studies, the exposure odds ratio can be used as an estimator of the risk ratio only when the disease under study is rare. The case-cohort study is a recently developed useful modification of the case-control study. This design allows direct estimation of the risk ratio from a fixed cohort, but does not require any rare-disease assumption. This article reviews recent developments in risk ratio estimation procedures for the analysis of case-cohort data. In the crude analysis, it is shown that the empirical risk ratio estimator is not fully efficient, and the maximum likelihood estimation of the crude risk ratio is discussed. In the stratified analysis, several common risk ratio estimation procedures and standardization methods have been proposed for large strata. However, the Mantel-Haenszel risk ratio and its variance estimator are the only available methods for sparse data.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sato, T
AD  - Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 53
EP  - 56
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Standards
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259881?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews; Standards
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design and analysis of multilevel analytic studies with applications to a study of air pollution.
AN  - 21259162; 11701658
AB  - We discuss a hybrid epidemiologic design that aims to combine two approaches to studying exposure-disease associations. The analytic approach is based on comparisons between individuals, e.g., case-control and cohort studies, and the ecologic approach is based on comparisons between groups. The analytic approach generally provides a stronger basis for inference, in part because of freedom from between-group confounding and better quality data, but the ecologic approach is less susceptible to attenuation bias from measurement error and may provide greater variability in exposure. The design we propose entails selection of a number of groups and enrollment of individuals within each group. Exposures, outcomes, confounders, and modifiers would be assessed on each individual; but additional exposure data might be available on the groups. The analysis would then combine the individual-level and the group-level comparisons, with appropriate adjustments for exposure measurement errors, and would test for compatibility between the two levels of analysis, e.g., to determine whether the associations at the individual level can account for the differences in disease rates between groups. Trade-offs between numbers of groups, numbers of individuals, and the extent of the individual and group measurement protocols are discussed in terms of design efficiency. These issues are illustrated in the context of an on-going study of the health effects of air pollution in southern California, in which 12 communities with different levels and types of pollution have been selected and 3500 school children are being enrolled in a ten-year cohort study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Navidi, W
AU  - Thomas, D
AU  - Stram, D
AU  - Peters, J
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90033-9987.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 25
EP  - 32
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - hybrids
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - USA, California
KW  - Children
KW  - Design
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259162?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Design+and+analysis+of+multilevel+analytic+studies+with+applications+to+a+study+of+air+pollution.&rft.au=Navidi%2C+W%3BThomas%2C+D%3BStram%2C+D%3BPeters%2C+J&rft.aulast=Navidi&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Efficiency; hybrids; Pollution effects; Children; Design; USA, California
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Essentiality of boron for healthy bones and joints.
AN  - 21258900; 11703573
AB  - Since 1963, evidence has accumulated that suggests boron is a safe and effective treatment for some forms of arthritis. The initial evidence was that boron supplementation alleviated arthritic pain and discomfort of the author. This was followed by findings from numerous other observations epidemiologic and controlled animal and human experiments. These findings included a) analytical evidence of lower boron concentrations in femur heads, bones, and synovial fluid from people with arthritis than from those without this disorder; b) observation evidence that bones of patients using boron supplements are much harder to cut than those of patients not using supplements; c) epidemiologic evidence that in areas of the world where boron intakes usually are 1.0 mg or less/day the estimated incidence of arthritis ranges from 20 to 70%, whereas in areas of the world where boron intakes are usually 3 to 10 mg, the estimated incidence of arthritis ranges from 0 to 10%; d) experimental evidence that rats with induced arthritis benefit from orally or intraperitoneally administered boron; e) experimental evidence from a double-blind placebo-boron supplementation trial with 20 subjects with osteoarthritis. A significant favorable response to a 6 mg boron/day supplement was obtained; 50% of subjects receiving the supplement improved compared to only 10% receiving the placebo. The preceding data indicate that boron is an essential nutrient for healthy bones and joints, and that further research into the use of boron for the treatment or prevention of arthritis is warranted.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Newnham, R E
AD  - Rex Newnham and Associates, North Yorkshire, England.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 83
EP  - 85
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bone
KW  - Rats
KW  - prevention
KW  - pain
KW  - Boron
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21258900?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Bone; prevention; pain; Boron
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hierarchical regression for epidemiologic analyses of multiple exposures.
AN  - 21257352; 11703581
AB  - Many epidemiologic investigations are designed to study the effects of multiple exposures. Most of these studies are analyzed either by fitting a risk-regression model with all exposures forced in the model, or by using a preliminary-testing algorithm, such as stepwise regression, to produce a smaller model. Research indicates that hierarchical modeling methods can outperform these conventional approaches. These methods are reviewed and compared to two hierarchical methods, empirical-Bayes regression and a variant here called "semi-Bayes" regression, to full-model maximum likelihood and to model reduction by preliminary testing. The performance of the methods in a problem of predicting neonatal-mortality rates are compared. Based on the literature to date, it is suggested that hierarchical methods should become part of the standard approaches to multiple-exposure studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Greenland, S
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 33
EP  - 39
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Reviews
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21257352?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reviews
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interactive effects between trichloroethylene and pesticides at metabolic and genetic level in mice.
AN  - 21253415; 11701668
AB  - A combined cytogeneticurine metabolite analysis approach was used to assess potential interactive effects between Fenarimol (FN), a fungicide, and trichloroethylene (TRI), a halogenated solvent. FN was demonstrated to selectively induce P450-2B1 isoforms in different organs of treated mice. Since the rate of metabolism and the stereospecificity of metabolism are dependent on the types and amount of P450s available, FN might drastically alter the metabolic activation of a precarcinogen, such as TRI, and its toxicological consequences. Male CD1 mice were divided into untreated, vehicle control, and experimental groups. Animals of the latter groups were treated ip with 150 mg/kg bw FN in corn oil, 457 mg/kg bw TRI in corn oil, TRI plus FN separated by different time intervals. Bone marrow cells were harvested for determination of micronuclei (MN) frequencies in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE). The presence of the known metabolite of TRI, trichloroethanol (TCE), was quantitated in collected urine by gas chromatography using an electron-capture detector. Linear regression analysis shows that MN frequency by TRI is correlated with TCE concentration in urine. Observed potentiation of genotoxicity of TRI by FN pretreatment (1 hr before TRI treatment) apparently reflects changes in the spectra of enzymes involved in TRI metabolism, and altered toxicokinetic, as witnessed by the 20% difference in TCE excretion from combined treated mice. However, no increased genetic or metabolic effects were observed when FN was administered 3 hr before TRI. No significant interactive effects were observed at a genetic level when FN was administered 1 hr and 3 hr after TRI whereas a 33 to 47% loss in TCE excretion was recorded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hrelia, P
AU  - Maffei, F
AU  - Vigagni, F
AU  - Fimognari, C
AU  - Flori, P
AU  - Stanzani, R
AU  - Cantelli Forti, G
AD  - Dipartimento di Farmacologia, Universita di Bologna, Italy.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 31
EP  - 34
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Micronuclei
KW  - Erythrocytes
KW  - Stereospecificity
KW  - Bone marrow
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - corn
KW  - Oil
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Regression analysis
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Potentiation
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Solvents
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Mice
KW  - trichloroethanol
KW  - Urine
KW  - Fungicides
KW  - Pesticides
KW  - Metabolic activation
KW  - Excretion
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - A 01380:Plant Protection, Fungicides & Seed Treatments
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Interactive+effects+between+trichloroethylene+and+pesticides+at+metabolic+and+genetic+level+in+mice.&rft.au=Hrelia%2C+P%3BMaffei%2C+F%3BVigagni%2C+F%3BFimognari%2C+C%3BFlori%2C+P%3BStanzani%2C+R%3BCantelli+Forti%2C+G&rft.aulast=Hrelia&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Potentiation; Genotoxicity; Stereospecificity; Erythrocytes; Micronuclei; Bone marrow; Solvents; Enzymes; Oil; trichloroethanol; Gas chromatography; Urine; Pesticides; Fungicides; Regression analysis; Metabolic activation; Excretion; Trichloroethylene; Manganese; Metabolites; Mice; corn; Metabolism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genotyping for polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolism as a predictor of disease susceptibility.
AN  - 21252408; 11701664
AB  - Polymorphisms in many xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes occur leading to variation in the level of enzyme expression in vivo. Enzymes showing such polymorphisms include the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2D6, and CYP2E1 and the phase two metabolism enzymes glutathione S-transferase MI (GSTMI) and arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2). In the past, these polymorphisms have been studied by phenotyping using in vivo administration of probe drugs. However, the mutations which give rise to several of these polymorphisms have now been identified and genotyping assays for polymorphisms in CYP1A1, CYP2A6, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, GSTMI, and NAT2 have been developed. Specific phenotypes for several of the polymorphic enzymes have been associated with increased susceptibility to malignancy, particularly lung and bladder cancer, and Parkinson's disease. These associations are likely to be due to altered activation or detoxication of chemicals initiating these diseases, including components of tobacco smoke and neurotoxins. The substrate specificity and tissue distribution of polymorphic enzymes implicated in disease causation discussed with particular reference to previously described disease-phenotype associations. Images Figure 1.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Daly, A K
AU  - Cholerton, S
AU  - Armstrong, M
AU  - Idle, J R
AD  - Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Medical School, England.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 55
EP  - 61
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Smoke
KW  - urinary bladder
KW  - Cytochrome
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Neurotoxins
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Genotyping+for+polymorphisms+in+xenobiotic+metabolism+as+a+predictor+of+disease+susceptibility.&rft.au=Daly%2C+A+K%3BCholerton%2C+S%3BArmstrong%2C+M%3BIdle%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Chemicals; urinary bladder; Cytochrome; Tobacco; Enzymes; Xenobiotics; Neurotoxins; Metabolism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of air pollution on lung cancer: a Poisson regression model based on vital statistics.
AN  - 21251691; 11701660
AB  - This article describes a Poisson regression model for time trends of mortality to detect the long-term effects of common levels of air pollution on lung cancer, in which the adjustment for cigarette smoking is not always necessary. The main hypothesis to be tested in the model is that if the long-term and common-level air pollution had an effect on lung cancer, the death rate from lung cancer could be expected to increase gradually at a higher rate in the region with relatively high levels of air pollution than in the region with low levels, and that this trend would not be expected for other control diseases in which cigarette smoking is a risk factor. Using this approach, we analyzed the trend of mortality in females aged 40 to 79, from lung cancer and two control diseases, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, based on vital statistics in 23 wards of the Tokyo metropolitan area for 1972 to 1988. Ward-specific mean levels per day of SO2 and NO2 from 1974 through 1976 estimated by Makino (1978) were used as the ward-specific exposure measure of air pollution. No data on tobacco consumption in each ward is available. Our analysis supported the existence of long-term effects of air pollution on lung cancer.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tango, T
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 41
EP  - 45
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Cancer
KW  - heart diseases
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Sulfur dioxide
KW  - Cigarette smoking
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Japan, Honshu, Tokyo Prefect., Tokyo
KW  - metropolitan areas
KW  - vital statistics
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Mortality; Sulfur dioxide; Cigarettes; Cigarette smoking; Tobacco; Pollution effects; metropolitan areas; heart diseases; vital statistics; Cancer; Lung cancer; Japan, Honshu, Tokyo Prefect., Tokyo
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The mechanism of dioxin toxicity: relationship to risk assessment.
AN  - 21251399; 11703586
AB  - Risk characterization involves hazard identification, determination of dose-response relationships, and exposure assessment. Improvement of the risk assessment process requires inclusion of the best available science. Recent findings in the area of dioxin toxicity have led to a major effort to reassess its risk. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), commonly referred to as "dioxin," is the most toxic member of a class of related chemicals including the polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, naphthalenes, azo- and azoxy-benzenes, whose toxicities can be expressed as fractional equivalencies of TCDD. These chemicals exert their effects through interaction with a specific intracellular protein, the Ah receptor. While binding to the receptor is necessary, it is not sufficient to bring about a chain of events leading to various responses including enzyme induction, immunotoxicity, reproductive and endocrine effects, developmental toxicity, chloracne, tumor promotion, etc. Some of these responses appear to be linear at low doses. Immunotoxicity and effects on the reproductive system appear to be among the most sensitive responses. The Ah receptor functions as a transcriptional enhancer, interacting with a number of other regulatory proteins (heat shock proteins, kinases, translocases, DNA binding species). Interaction with specific base sequences in the DNA appear to be modulated by the presence of other growth factors, hormones and their receptors as well as other regulatory proteins. Thus, dioxin appears to function as a hormone, initiating a cascade of events that is dependent upon the environment of each cell and tissue. While Ah receptor variants exist, all vertebrates examined have demonstrated such a protein with similar numbers of receptors and binding affinity for TCDD. Most species respond similarly to dioxin and related compounds. While a given species may be an outlier for a given response, it will behave like other animals for other responses. For both in vivo and in vitro end points where animal and human data exist, such as enzyme induction, chloracne, immunotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and cancer, the sensitivity of humans appears similar to that of experimental animals. Current levels of environmental exposure to this class of chemicals may be resulting in subtle responses in populations at special risk such as subsistence fisherman and the developing infant, as well as in the general population. Increased understanding of the mechanism of dioxin's effects as well as elucidation of exposure-dose relationships is leading to the development of a biologically based dose-response model in the ongoing process of incorporating the best science into the risk assessment of TCDD and related compounds.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Birnbaum, L S
AD  - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 157
EP  - 167
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - translocase
KW  - Heat shock proteins
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - tumors
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - Reproductive system
KW  - regulatory proteins
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Growth factors
KW  - immunotoxicity
KW  - growth factors
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Chloracne
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Tumorigenesis
KW  - Transcription
KW  - TCDD
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Biphenyl
KW  - Enhancers
KW  - Immunotoxicity
KW  - Dibenzofuran
KW  - Dibenzo-p-dioxin
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Aryl hydrocarbon receptors
KW  - Dioxin
KW  - Infants
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; translocase; Heat shock proteins; Nucleotide sequence; Hormones; Reproductive system; regulatory proteins; Dose-response effects; Growth factors; Chloracne; Data processing; Tumorigenesis; Enzymes; TCDD; Transcription; Cancer; Biphenyl; Enhancers; Immunotoxicity; Dibenzofuran; DNA; Dibenzo-p-dioxin; Aryl hydrocarbon receptors; Dioxin; Infants; Chemicals; Sensitivity; tumors; Toxicity; Dioxins; Proteins; immunotoxicity; growth factors
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical disposition of boron in animals and humans.
AN  - 21251374; 11703574
AB  - Elemental boron was isolated in 1808. It typically occurs in nature as borates hydrated with varying amounts of water. Important compounds are boric acid and borax. Boron compounds are also used in the production of metals, enamels, and glasses. In trace amounts, boron is essential for the growth of many plants, and is found in animal and human tissues at low concentrations. Poisoning in humans has been reported as the result of accidental ingestion or use of large amounts in the treatment of burns. Boron as boric acid is fairly rapidly absorbed and excreted from the body via urine. The half-life of boric acid in humans is on the order of 1 day. Boron does not appear to accumulate in soft tissues of animals, but does accumulate in bone. Normal levels of boron in soft tissues, urine, and blood generally range from less than 0.05 ppm to no more than 10 ppm. In poisoning incidents, the amount of boric acid in brain and liver tissue has been reported to be as high as 2000 ppm. Recent studies at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences have indicated that boron may contribute to reduced fertility in male rodents fed 9000 ppm of boric acid in feed. Within a few days, boron levels in blood and most soft tissues quickly reached a plateau of about 15 ppm. Boron in bone did not appear to plateau, reaching 47 ppm after 7 days on the diet. Cessation of exposure to dietary boron resulted in a rapid drop in bone boron.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Moseman, R F
AD  - Radian Corporation, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 113
EP  - 117
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts
KW  - Burns
KW  - Fertility
KW  - boric acid
KW  - Dental enamel
KW  - Diets
KW  - Metals
KW  - Brain
KW  - Poisoning
KW  - Disposition
KW  - Boron
KW  - Bone
KW  - plateaus
KW  - Blood
KW  - Urine
KW  - Liver
KW  - Soft tissues
KW  - T 2025:Bone and Bone Diseases
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251374?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chemical+disposition+of+boron+in+animals+and+humans.&rft.au=Moseman%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Moseman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Burns; Diets; Metals; Fertility; Poisoning; Brain; Disposition; Boron; Bone; Blood; Urine; Liver; boric acid; Soft tissues; Dental enamel; plateaus
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The reproductive toxicity of boric acid.
AN  - 21251062; 11703576
AB  - Previous studies on the reproductive toxicity of boric acid have indicated that male rodents suffer testicular atrophy after treatment. There were, however, no studies of the potential effects on female fertility or on the neonate. In addition, no study described the development of the testicular lesion, thought to be related to the mechanism of toxicity. A Reproductive Assessment by Continuous Breeding (RACB) study using mice exposed to boric acid at 1000, 4500, and 9000 ppm in the diet indicated that there are probably multiple sites of action, although male fertility appears very sensitive. Possible effects on female fertility cannot be separated from potential developmental toxicity and need additional investigation. Decrements in sperm motility were observed at all exposure levels, and testicular atrophy was confirmed in high- and middle-dose-group males. This was investigated further by timed serial-sacrifice studies using 9000 ppm in the diet of rats, which found that the first lesion seen in the testis was an inhibition of spermiation (release of mature spermatids). With continued dosing, this was followed by a disorganization of the normal ordered layering of the seminiferous epithelium, germ cell sloughing and death, and finally, atrophy. Subsequent studies using additional doses (2000, 3000, 4500, 6000, and 9000 ppm) found that it was possible to observe inhibited spermiation that did not progress to atrophy (4500 ppm and below) within the 9-week exposure period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 1. A Figure 1. B Figure 1. C Figure 1. D
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chapin, R E
AU  - Ku, W W
AD  - National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Nov 1994
SP  - 87
EP  - 91
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Testes
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Fertility
KW  - Germ cells
KW  - Sperm
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Rats
KW  - Motility
KW  - breeding
KW  - Spermatids
KW  - Breeding
KW  - Lesions
KW  - Epithelium
KW  - boric acid
KW  - Atrophy
KW  - Neonates
KW  - rodents
KW  - X 24300:Methods
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251062?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+reproductive+toxicity+of+boric+acid.&rft.au=Chapin%2C+R+E%3BKu%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Chapin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Diets; Fertility; Germ cells; Toxicity; Sperm; Motility; Breeding; Spermatids; Atrophy; boric acid; Epithelium; Neonates; Rats; Mortality; breeding; Lesions; rodents
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Thermal Stability of an Oral Killed-Cholera-Whole-Cell Vaccine Containing Recombinant B-Subunit of Cholera Toxin
AN  - 1492638962; 18827042
AB  - An oral killed cholera vaccine containing 110 super(11) cells of Vibrio cholerae O1 (heat- or formalin-killed) representing the Ogawa and Inaba biotypes and containing 1 mg of B-subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) produced by recombinant DNA technology (the WC/rCTB vaccine) was subjected to temperatures of 4 C, 30 C or 42 C for up to 6 months time. Lipopolysaccharide antigen (LPS) and CTB content of the vaccine samples determined at various times remained unchanged during the study except for the CTB component which decreased by about 50% after 6 months of storage at 42 C. Immunogenicity determined by immunization of rabbits with the vaccine in Freund's complete adjuvant and measuring anti-LPS and anti-CTB antibody titers in the serum by an ELISA was also found to be unaltered. Lyophilization of the vaccine and storage at room temperature for 7 days also did not have any adverse effect on antigen content or immunogenicity as tested above. There was up to one log reduction in serum antibody titers after immunization without using any adjuvant or using Freund's incomplete adjuvant, and up to two logs following oral immunization. Immunization by oral feeding of the vaccine followed by RITARD challenge with a virulent V. cholerae O1 strain showed evidence of protection against severe or lethal diarrhea. The results suggest that the vaccine retains its antigen content and ability to induce antibodies unchanged when maintained at elevated temperatures for relatively long periods of time.
JF  - Microbiology and Immunology
AU  - Ahmed, Zia Uddin
AU  - Hoque, Mohammad Mainul
AU  - Rahman, Abu Syed Mohammad Hamidur
AU  - Sack, Richard Bradley
AD  - International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR B), G.P.O. Box 128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Y1  - 1994/11//
PY  - 1994
DA  - November 1994
SP  - 837
EP  - 842
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States
VL  - 38
IS  - 11
SN  - 0385-5600, 0385-5600
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - vaccine
KW  - killed-vibrio
KW  - cholera-toxin
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Feeding
KW  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - Biotypes
KW  - Diarrhea
KW  - Freeze-drying
KW  - Adjuvants
KW  - Immunization
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - Antibodies
KW  - Freund's incomplete adjuvant
KW  - Cholera toxin
KW  - Immunogenicity
KW  - Lipopolysaccharides
KW  - Cholera
KW  - Vaccines
KW  - Thermal stability
KW  - Side effects
KW  - J 02350:Immunology
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.atitle=Thermal+Stability+of+an+Oral+Killed-Cholera-Whole-Cell+Vaccine+Containing+Recombinant+B-Subunit+of+Cholera+Toxin&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Zia+Uddin%3BHoque%2C+Mohammad+Mainul%3BRahman%2C+Abu+Syed+Mohammad+Hamidur%3BSack%2C+Richard+Bradley&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Zia&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology+and+Immunology&rft.issn=03855600&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1348-0421.1994.tb02135.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2013-12-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-03-30
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Feeding; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Diarrhea; Biotypes; Adjuvants; Freeze-drying; Immunization; Antibodies; Freund's incomplete adjuvant; Immunogenicity; Cholera toxin; Lipopolysaccharides; Cholera; Thermal stability; Vaccines; Side effects; Vibrio cholerae
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.1994.tb02135.x
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Improving America's Schools Act: An Overview of P.L. 103-382. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62728961; ED379792
AB  - The Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 (IASA) was signed into law on October 20, 1994, as P.L. 103-382. The legislation reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) through fiscal year 1999. The ESEA authorizes most federal elementary and secondary education programs, including the Title I program to provide compensatory education to educationally disadvantaged students. It also amends other legislation and establishes new programs outside of the ESEA. The amendments made to the ESEA reflect the following themes: (1) the creation of linkages between major ESEA programs and systemic education reform; (2) increased administrative flexibility for states, localities, and schools; (3) a new focus on several areas of emerging educational and social interest; and (4) somewhat greater targeting on students and schools with high needs. Among the major programs amended or established are the Title I program, the Dwight D. Eisenhower Professional Development program, the Technology for Education of All Students, the Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act, the Bilingual Education Act, the Public Charter Schools program, the Fund for the Improvement of Education, the Innovative Education Program Strategies, and Impact Aid. Appendices summarize funding levels for ESEA and IASA programs and compare provisions in prior law with the ESEA (as amended by the IASA). Four tables are included. (LMI)
AU  - Stedman, James B.
Y1  - 1994/10/28/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Oct 28
SP  - 54
VL  - CRS-94-872-EPW
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educationally Disadvantaged
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - State Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62728961?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Eisenhower Professional Development Program: Moving beyond Math and Science. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62747976; ED383553
AB  - This report provides an analysis of the Eisenhower Professional Development program. It briefly considers the educational context within which the 103d Congress acted to convert the Dwight D. Eisenhower Mathematics and Science Education Act into the current program covering a much broader array of subject areas and briefly reviews the structure of the program under prior law. Provisions of the current program are delineated with particular attention to the curricular areas covered; the allocation of funding; and activities at the federal, state, local, and higher education levels. Finally, several issues likely to affect future development of the program are analyzed, including the level of the annual appropriation; the ability of local educational agencies to provide high quality, sustained, intensive professional development; and the growing demand for professional development as curriculum content standards are established in each of the core subject areas of English, math, science, foreign languages, civics and government, economics, arts, history, and geography. (MKR)
AU  - Stedman, James B.
Y1  - 1994/10/26/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Oct 26
SP  - 17
VL  - CRS-94-846-EPW
KW  - Dwight D Eisenhower Math and Science Educ Program
KW  - Dwight D Eisenhower Professional Development Prog
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School Funds
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Mathematics Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747976?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Promising Practices: Parental Involvement in School. Hearing to Promote Parental Involvement in Their Children's Education, before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62641627; ED386321
AB  - These Congressional hearing transcripts present testimony on the need to encourage parent involvement in children's education, focusing on national and local programs and activities designed to promote such involvement. Testimony was heard from: (1) Senators Christopher J. Dodd and James M. Jeffords; (2) Secretary of Education Richard W. Riley; (2) the chair of the National Coalition for Parental Involvement in Education; (3) a mother and her 11th-grade daughter; (4) the executive director of the Vermont Chamber of Commerce's business-education partnership; (5) a mother of three children; and (6) a high school principal. The prepared statements of four of the witnesses and related materials are appended. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/10/07/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Oct 07
SP  - 63
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160461413
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Student Attitudes
KW  - Parent School Relationship
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Parent Participation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Parent Attitudes
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Administrator Attitudes
KW  - Educational Attitudes
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641627?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Combating Drugs in America: Putting the Drug Strategy into Action. Hearing on Examining the Administration's Drug Strategy and How It Relates to the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act (Public Law 103-322) before the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62562280; ED403507
AB  - Following the passage of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, a Senate hearing was held to examine whether the prescriptions set forth in the Act could function and how they could be implemented as part of the U.S. government's drug strategy. This transcript of the hearing contains statements (in order) by: Senators Joseph R. Biden and Orrin G. Hatch; Lee P. Brown, Office of National Drug Control Policy; a panel consisting of Robert L. Smith, Department of Public Safety, Tampa, Florida, Robert L. Allen, community activist, Tampa, Claire McCaskill, Kansas City, Missouri county prosecutor and vice president of the National Association of Drug Court Professionals, and John Ratelle, correctional facility warden in San Diego, California; and John P. Walters, Office of National Drug Control Policy. An appendix provides questions from two senators to Lee P. Brown and his responses, questions from Senator Biden to three others present and their responses, and a letter to Senator Biden from a professor of criminal justice. (LSR)
Y1  - 1994/10/05/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Oct 05
SP  - 127
SN  - 0160526353
KW  - Violent Crime Control Act 1994
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Drug Legislation
KW  - Drug Addiction
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Policy Analysis
KW  - Administrative Policy
KW  - Illegal Drug Use
KW  - Drug Use
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Drug Abuse
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62562280?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. J-103-74.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Job Corps Program. Hearing of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources on Examining Proposals To Reform and Consolidate Federal Job Training Programs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62737979; ED377346
AB  - This report contains testimony regarding various proposals to reform and consolidate federal job training programs, with special attention to the provision, benefits, problems, and funding needs of the Job Corps program. Statements by the following individuals are presented: U.S. Senators from the states of Illinois, Vermont, Utah, Kansas, Iowa, and Rhode Island; the Secretary of Labor, Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Labor, and the department's Assistant Inspector General for Audit; representatives of Job Corps centers in three cities (Lopez and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Clearfield, Utah); the director of Partners in Vocational Opportunities Training in Portland, Oregon; and professors from Swarthmore College and Northwestern University. Appendixes constituting approximately 50% of this report include prepared statements submitted by 10 of the witnesses, a letter from the National Job Corps Alumni Association, a letter from the National Association of Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Alumni; and a resolution recommending that the U.S. Congress fund the Job Corps program. (MN)
Y1  - 1994/10/04/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Oct 04
SP  - 88
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016046126X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Job Corps
KW  - Program Consolidation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Educational Benefits
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Employment Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62737979?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Document contains some small type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Can cohort studies detect any human cancer excess that may result from exposure to dioxin? Maybe.
AN  - 77716991; 7846306
AB  - We use the available information about concentrations of dioxin in highly exposed humans along with estimates of the half-life of dioxin and durations of exposure to calculate lifetime average daily doses (LADDs) of dioxin in those populations. We compare those LADDs to the LADDs of dioxin used in rodent carcinogen tests, and we also compare the tissue levels of dioxin in exposed humans and the test rodents. Using the maximum likelihood estimate of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) calculated potency factor for the carcinogenicity of dioxin, we calculate the number of cancers that dioxin might be expected to cause in the exposed human populations. If dioxin causes an increase in total cancers or of a common cancer such as lung cancer, the calculated expected increases in cancer are below the limit of detectability in epidemiologic studies. If, on the other hand, dioxin causes a tumor with incidence comparable to that of soft tissue sarcomas, the calculated expected increases should be detectable in dioxin-exposed chemical workers and in the Seveso population. Our calculations lead to the conclusion that the failure of epidemiology to produce convincing evidence of any chronic human health effects from dioxin probably results from the relatively low exposures experienced by humans. From our analyses, there is no reason to allude to differential sensitivities between test animals and humans to explain the lack of convincing evidence for dioxin causing human cancers.
JF  - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
AU  - Boroush, M
AU  - Gough, M
AD  - Office of Technology Assessment, United States Congress, Washington, DC 20510.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 198
EP  - 210
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
SN  - 0273-2300, 0273-2300
KW  - Dioxins
KW  - 0
KW  - Index Medicus
KW  - Rats
KW  - Animals
KW  - Sentinel Surveillance
KW  - Humans
KW  - Body Burden
KW  - Cohort Studies
KW  - Adult
KW  - Child
KW  - Time Factors
KW  - Male
KW  - Risk Assessment
KW  - Dioxins -- adverse effects
KW  - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics
KW  - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology
KW  - Environmental Exposure -- analysis
KW  - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced
KW  - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects
KW  - Sarcoma -- chemically induced
KW  - Sarcoma -- epidemiology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77716991?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Can+cohort+studies+detect+any+human+cancer+excess+that+may+result+from+exposure+to+dioxin%3F+Maybe.&rft.au=Boroush%2C+M%3BGough%2C+M&rft.aulast=Boroush&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 1995-03-06
N1  - Date created - 1995-03-06
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Federal Support for Education. Fiscal Years 1980 to 1994.
AN  - 62746011; ED378235
AB  - This report attempts to provide a comprehensive picture of total Federal financial support for education since fiscal year 1980. To give as complete a picture as possible, support from agencies other than the Department of Education has been included. To the extent possible, outlays (rather than amounts committed) are used, with the exception of funds for academic research at institutions of higher education. Federal education funding is divided into on-budget support, off-budget support, and non-Federal funds generated by Federal programs. Current and constant dollar comparisons are also used. Federal support for education, excluding estimated Federal tax expenditures, was an estimated $87.6 billion in fiscal year (FY) 1994, an increase of $24.8 billion (39%) since FY 1990. After adjustment for inflation, Federal support increased 22% between FY 1990 and FY 1994. Over 59% of this support, excluding estimated federal tax expenditures, went to educational institutions, and another 17% went to student support. The remainder went to lending agencies, libraries, museums, and Federal institutions. Schools and colleges derive about 11% of their revenues from the Federal government. Nine tables and three figures illustrate the discussion. Six appendixes give detailed tables of estimated support categories. Appendices provide six more tables of data. (SLD)
AU  - Hoffman, Charlene M.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 49
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-096
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Public Agencies
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Budgets
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62746011?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study. Second Follow-up Field Test Report; BPS: 90/94. Technical Report.
AN  - 62743854; ED378236
AB  - This document is a summary and evaluation of methodological procedures and results for the field test of the Beginning Postsecondary Student Longitudinal Study Second Followup, 1990-94 (BPS:90/94). The BPS study is a departure from previous studies in that it starts with a cohort of individuals as they enter their postsecondary studies regardless of when they completed high school. As a result, information is becoming available about nontraditional students who have delayed the completion of their education. All types of postsecondary students (academic, vocational/occupational, and technical) are included and can be represented in known proportions. An introduction considers the background, purposes, and scheduled products of the BPS study. Chapter 2 describes study design and method. Operating control systems implemented for the study are described in chapter 3. Details and descriptions of data locating and collection activities and outcomes are given in chapter 4, and data quality is examined in chapter 5. Supporting documentation is presented in four appendixes. Eight figures and 42 tables contain information about conducting the study. (SLD)
AU  - Pratt, Daniel J.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 276
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-370
KW  - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Reentry Students
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Field Tests
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Research Design
KW  - Cohort Analysis
KW  - Followup Studies
KW  - Data Processing
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Nontraditional Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62743854?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - State Higher Education Profiles. A Comparison of State Higher Education Data for Fiscal Year 1991. Seventh Edition.
AN  - 62742584; ED376779
AB  - This volume offers a comprehensive state-by-state look at higher education in the United States using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. The book contains 14 basic tables for each state, the District of Columbia, and the nation as a whole. The data for each state is as follows: Table 1 indicates the number and average size of institutions in the context of all postsecondary institutions in a state; tables 2 and 3 describe enrollment in higher education institutions by distribution of full-time equivalent students and by control and level of institution; table 4 presents the average salary of full-time faculty; tables 5 and 6 show education and general revenues; tables 7 and 8 display how institutions spend their money; table 9 shows scholarship and fellowship expenditures per students and expenditures per full-time faculty; table 10 indicates the labor-intensiveness of certain institutional functions; tables 11 through 13 present the distribution of degrees and other awards; and table 14 shows enrollment by race-ethnicity, data included for the first time in this edition. Extensive appendixes contain a glossary of terms, a list of institutions by state, technical notes, tables showing instructional activity at institutions in 1990-91, instructional activity by state, and the basic 14 tables for Puerto Rico. (JB)
AU  - Barbett, Samuel
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 1254
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160453550
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - State Characteristics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Ethnicity
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Race
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Teacher Salaries
KW  - Income
KW  - College Faculty
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Demography
KW  - Degrees (Academic)
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Colleges
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Universities
KW  - Tables (Data)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742584?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - 1,254p.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Characteristics of the Nation's Postsecondary Institutions: Academic Year 1993-94. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62742189; ED375698
AB  - This report uses national survey data to describe in 16 data tables the characteristics of the institutions of higher education in the United States in 1993-94. Data used are from the Institutional Characteristics survey of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Tables 1-6 A-C cover postsecondary schools, including 4-year, 2-year, and less-than-2-year institutions, both academic, occupational, and vocational. Tables 7 through 12 A-C are limited to higher education institutions. The tables offer data on numbers of institutions, average institutional charges, percent change in charges, and number of institutions offering a selection of student services. Highlights of the data include: (1) over 10,500 schools in the United States and outlying areas offered some level of postsecondary education and of these 43 percent were less-than-2-year private, for-profit institutions offering occupational programs; (2) nearly 2,800 schools offered programs at the baccalaureate level or higher; (3) four states list more than 500 postsecondary schools each: California, New York, Pennsylvania, and Texas; (4) public institutions are more likely to offer student services than private nonprofit schools; (5) more than half of all postsecondary institutions offer academic/career counseling services, placement services for program completers, and employment services for current students while nearly half offer access for the mobility impaired. (JB)
AU  - Boyles, Susan G.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 34
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-388
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - Two Year Colleges
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Public Colleges
KW  - Private Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Tuition
KW  - Fees
KW  - Accessibility (for Disabled)
KW  - Proprietary Schools
KW  - Colleges
KW  - Vocational Schools
KW  - Student Personnel Services
KW  - Student Costs
KW  - Nonprofit Organizations
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742189?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. First Follow-up Final Technical Report, Base Year to First Follow-up.
AN  - 62740048; ED379315
AB  - Technical aspects of the first followup survey for the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88) are documented and summarized. Some information overlaps materials in the users' manuals for this followup, such as the overview and general descriptions of data collection, sampling, weighting, variance estimation, nonresponse patterns, and discussions of data control and processing. Unique to this report are: (1) psychometric documentation of the NELS:88 first followup tests; (2) documentation of the confidentiality and deductive disclosure analyses conducted with first followup data; (3) the detailed report on the base year ineligibles study; (4) expanded standard error/design effects tables; (5) samples of district contact letters and permission forms; (6) documentation of the update of addresses for the High School and Beyond Study; (7) content abstracts of publications about the NELS:88; (8) Spanish language survey instrumentation; and (9) a glossary of study terms. Sixteen figures and 26 tables present followup data and statistical information, and 11 appendixes contain supplemental and detailed information about methodology. (SLD)
AU  - Ingels, Steven J.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 393
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-632
KW  - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988
KW  - Variance (Statistical)
KW  - Weighting (Statistical)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Spanish
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Error of Measurement
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Psychometrics
KW  - Eligibility
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Followup Studies
KW  - Data Processing
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Sampling
KW  - Data Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62740048?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Some appendixes contain filled-in type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Faculty and Instructional Staff: Who Are They and What Do They Do? 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty. Survey Report.
AN  - 62739202; ED375792
AB  - This publication is the first to be released from the 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF93), a study about faculty and instructional staff (n=31,354) in higher education institutions. Through text, tables, and figures, it analyzes the number and representation of faculty and instructional staff, employment status, principal activity, principal discipline of teaching, and racial/ethnic representation in the various teaching disciplines. Technical notes about the study are provided. Tables include: percentage distribution of faculty and instructional staff, by employment status, type and control of institution, rank, race/ethnicity, and gender; percentage distribution of full-time and part-time faculty and instructional staff, by principal activity, type and control of institution, rank, race/ethnicity, and gender; percentage distribution of full-time and part-time faculty and instructional staff, by activity and faculty status, type and control of institution, rank, race/ethnicity, and gender; percentage distribution of full-time and part-time faculty and staff with any instructional responsibilities, by race/ethnicity, gender, type and control of institution, program area, and rank; and standard errors of the proportions of full-time and part-time faculty and instructional staff, by type and control of institution, rank, race/ethnicity, and gender. (JDD)
AU  - Zimbler, Linda J.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 44
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160453259
KW  - National Study of Postsecondary Faculty
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Full Time Faculty
KW  - Employment Level
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Part Time Faculty
KW  - Ethnicity
KW  - Race
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Academic Rank (Professional)
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - College Faculty
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62739202?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - America's Mathematics Problem: Raising Student Achievement. A Synthesis of Findings from NAEP's 1992 Mathematics Assessment.
AN  - 62736098; ED377058
AB  - This booklet summarizes findings from data on mathematics achievement gathered on the 1992 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) for grades 4, 8, and 12. Approximately 26,000 4th, 8th, and 12th graders in 1,500 public and private schools participated in the national assessment. Information included in the report are: trends in achievement between 1990 and 1992, distribution of overall mathematics proficiency organized by state for grades 4, 8, and 12, performance on and examples of constructed-response questions, national results for demographic subgroups on two regular constructed-response tasks and an extended-response task, example of an extended-response task with scoring guide and sample responses, the school context for learning mathematics, trends and trouble spots in mathematics instruction, school effectiveness, background questionnaires, and procedures and methods. Findings for the performance of students on extended constructed-response questions include: (1) Approximately one-third to two-thirds of the students provided incorrect responses; (2) Substantial percentages of students left their papers blank; (3) Most students who did seem to understand the problems had difficulty explaining their work; and (4) From 1 to 16 percent of the students provided extended responses to each one of the tasks. On regular constructed-response questions, the average percentage correct by grade level was 42% for grade 4, 53% for grade 8, and 40% for grade 12. (MKR)
AU  - Mullis, Ina V.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 41
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NAEP-23-FR-03; NCES-94-703
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Word Problems (Mathematics)
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Mathematics Achievement
KW  - Mathematics Tests
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Problem Solving
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62736098?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Effective Schools in Mathematics: Perspectives from the NAEP 1992 Assessment. Research and Development Report.
AN  - 62735018; ED377059
AB  - This research report provides information about the school context for learning mathematics and highlights some factors that National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) analyses have found to be associated with effective schooling. Approximately 26,000 4th, 8th, and 12th graders in 1,500 public and private schools participated in the national assessment of mathematics. Data reported from questionnaire responses of students and school principals relate to school socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, student absenteeism, students changing schools, school problems and climate, high schools where students are college bound, impetuses for curriculum and instructional change, home support for academic achievement, mathematics classroom instruction, tracking, and course taking in grades 8 and 12. The most effective schools had students who watched less television, changed schools less often, were subject to only a moderate amount of testing in their mathematics classes (weekly to monthly), took more advanced courses, had positive attitudes toward academics, had fewer problems in the schools, and did mathematics and used calculators more frequently. The effectiveness of private schools was similar to that of public schools in which students, teachers, and parents have positive attitudes toward academics, and where few problems exist. At grades 4 and 8, a more stable student body with students who changed schools fewer times was associated with higher school effectiveness. In summary, students' home background and school socioeconomic indicators were powerful influences on academic achievement in mathematics. (MKR)
AU  - Mullis, Ina V.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 116
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NAEP-23-RR-01; NCES-94-701
KW  - Mathematics Education Research
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Socioeconomic Influences
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Family Influence
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Mathematics Achievement
KW  - School Effectiveness
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62735018?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Literacy behind Prison Walls. Profiles of the Prison Population from the National Adult Literacy Survey.
AN  - 62733586; ED377325
AB  - During the National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS), trained staff interviewed nearly 1,150 inmates in 80 federal and state prisons that had been randomly selected to represent prisons across the country. Survey participants completed diverse literacy tasks and answered questions regarding demographic characteristics, educational background, and reading practices. The interview findings were synthesized into a report focusing on inmates' literacy skills, experiences before and during improvement, recidivism, and literacy practices and self-perception. Among the study's major findings were the following: approximately 7 in 10 prisoners surveyed performed at levels 1 and 2 of the prose, document, and quantitative scales of the NALS; prisoners' reading proficiencies were substantially lower than those of the general household population; prisoners' educational attainment was highly correlated with literacy proficiency; White inmates demonstrated higher levels of proficiency than Black inmates, who, in turn, demonstrated higher levels of proficiency than Hispanic inmates; and 36% of prisoners reported having at least one disability compared with 26% of the general household population. (Appended are the following: information on interpreting the literacy scales, tables, overview of procedures used in the NALS, definitions of all subpopulations and variables reported, and names/addresses of participants in the development process. Fifty-six tables/figures are included.) (MN)
AU  - Haigler, Karl O.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 185
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-102
KW  - National Adult Literacy Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Individual Characteristics
KW  - Reading Skills
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Recidivism
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Correctional Education
KW  - Demography
KW  - Adult Basic Education
KW  - Reading Achievement
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Literacy Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62733586?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Digest of Education Statistics, 1994.
AN  - 62733289; ED377253
AB  - This edition is the 30th in a series of publications initiated in 1962. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of American education from kindergarten through graduate school. The "Digest" includes a selection of data from many sources, and draws especially on the results of surveys and activities of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The publication contains information on a variety of subjects, including: (1) numbers of schools and colleges; (2) numbers of teachers; (3) enrollments; (4) graduates; (5) educational attainment; (6) finances; (7) Federal funds for education; (8) employment and income of graduates; (9) libraries; and (10) international comparisons of education. Supplemental information is provided on population trends, attitudes toward education, educational characteristics of the labor force, government finances, and economic trends. Some information is also given on preschool and adult education. Data are presented in 411 tables, with an additional 20 tables in an appendix. (SLD)
AU  - Snyder, Thomas D.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 584
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160452511
KW  - National Center for Education Statistics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Educational Attainment
KW  - Income
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Public Education
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - College Graduates
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Employment Patterns
KW  - Population Trends
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - Labor Force
KW  - Economic Factors
KW  - International Studies
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Private Education
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LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - How School Mathematics Functions: Perspectives from the NAEP 1990 and 1992 Assessments.
AN  - 62733201; ED377057
AB  - This report of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) focuses on students' and teachers' reports about the classroom contexts for learning school mathematics in the top-performing one-third of schools compared to the bottom performing one-third. In 1990, 26,652 students from 1,237 schools participated in the study, while in 1992, 26,669 students from 1,582 schools were included. Data presented relate to program and curricular emphases, mathematics teachers and their classes, instructional approaches, calculators and computers, students' perceptions about mathematics, and students' mathematics course taking. Major findings were that in the two-year period from 1990 to 1992 the following signs of progress were noted: (1) Students reported taking more advanced coursework; (2) Teachers reported moving toward a more broadly-based curriculum; (3) Students and teachers reported more access to and use of calculators and computers; (4) Students were doing more daily problem solving from their textbooks; and (5) Students reported more positive attitudes about the value of mathematics. On the other hand, teachers continued to report discrepancies in resource availability and expectations between top- and bottom-performing schools, and teachers and students reported very little change in the frequency with which students were asked to engage in extended problem-solving activity. An appendix contains an overview of procedures used in NAEP's 1992 Mathematics Assessment. (MKR)
AU  - Dossey, John A.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 161
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NAEP-23-FR-02; NCES-94-702
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Mathematics Instruction
KW  - Computers
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Student Attitudes
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Mathematics Curriculum
KW  - Mathematics Teachers
KW  - Calculators
KW  - High School Students
KW  - Junior High School Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62733201?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Basic Student Charges at Postsecondary Institutions: Academic Year 1993-94. Tuition and Required Fees and Room and Board Charges at 4-Year, 2-Year, and Public Less-than-2-Year Institutions. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62726430; ED380000
AB  - This report lists the typical tuition and required fees and room and board charges for academic year 1993-94 at more than 5,000 of the 5,700 four-year, two-year, and public less-than-two-year postsecondary institutions in the United States and its outlying areas. Included are tuition and fee charges to in-state and out-of-state students at the undergraduate and graduate levels, along with the costs for room and board and the number of meals per week covered by the board charge. The report includes several tables with national statistics on tuition and required fees. These data are followed by data on tuition and required fees and room and board charges at individual institutions, by state, including: (1) public and private four-year institutions; (2) public and private two-year institutions; and (3) public less-than-two-year institutions. Another table lists tuition and required fees for first-professional degree programs. Data were collected through the 1993-94 "Institutional Characteristics" survey conducted annually as part of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. (JDD)
AU  - Barbett, Samuel F.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 165
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160453240
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Students
KW  - Parents
KW  - Counselors
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Two Year Colleges
KW  - In State Students
KW  - Graduate Study
KW  - Undergraduate Study
KW  - Food Service
KW  - Public Colleges
KW  - Private Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Tuition
KW  - Fees
KW  - Out of State Students
KW  - Dormitories
KW  - Student Costs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62726430?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1992-93 report, see ED 365 261.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Kallahan Invocations to the Dead
AN  - 58277845; 9503254
AB  - Invocations used by the Kallahan-speaking people of the northern Philippines are examined. Invocations in the form of benedictions of ancestors (la'tuk) are constructed from four speech activities: addressing, appealing, giving examples, & argumentation. Invocations assume shared experiences between the speaker & the ancestor personified by a living member of his/her family. Both analogies to & differences from normal dialogue are found in these invocations. Four ways in which pragmatic concerns affect the understanding of invocations are discussed. 7 References. Adapted from the source document
JF  - L'Homme
AU  - Thomas, Phillip L
AU  - Afable, Patricia O
AD  - Library Congress, Washington DC 20540
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - October 1994
SP  - 89
EP  - 99
VL  - 34
IS  - 4
SN  - 0439-4216, 0439-4216
KW  - Kallahan (Austronesian, Philippines) invocations, structure /pragmatic aspects
KW  - Austronesian Languages (06650)
KW  - Religions (72750)
KW  - Speech Acts (82400)
KW  - Pragmatics (66850)
KW  - Dyadic Interaction (20150)
KW  - article
KW  - 4910: anthropological linguistics; anthropological linguistics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58277845?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%27Homme&rft.atitle=Kallahan+Invocations+to+the+Dead&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Phillip+L%3BAfable%2C+Patricia+O&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=L%27Homme&rft.issn=04394216&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2003-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - HRFAAJ
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Religions (72750); Speech Acts (82400); Dyadic Interaction (20150); Pragmatics (66850); Austronesian Languages (06650)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Final report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra matters (3 volumes)
AN  - 38706153; 1402937
JF  - Foreign policy
AU  - Walsh, Lawrence E
AU  - Dash, Samuel
AU  - Dash, Samuel
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 173
EP  - 186
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office
VL  - 96
SN  - 0015-7228, 0015-7228
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Iran
KW  - Political corruption
KW  - U.S.A.
KW  - Scandals
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38706153?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+policy&rft.atitle=Final+report+of+the+Independent+Counsel+for+Iran%2FContra+matters+%283+volumes%29&rft.au=Walsh%2C+Lawrence+E%3BDash%2C+Samuel&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Foreign+policy&rft.issn=00157228&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9674 2909; 11289; 433 293 14; 181 254
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical analysis and biological testing of a polar fraction of ambient air, diesel engine, and gasoline engine particulate extracts.
AN  - 21270313; 11701625
AB  - Extracts of gasoline and diesel vehicle exhaust and ambient air particles were fractionated into five fractions according to polarity on a silica gel column. Two medium polar fractions showing high genotoxic activity in the Ames test were further subfractionated, using normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Chemical analyses were performed by means of gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry and flame ionization and detection. The crude extracts, fractions, and subfractions were assayed with the Ames test, with and without S9, and the most abundant compounds in the subfractions are reported.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Strandell, M
AU  - Zakrisson, S
AU  - Alsberg, T
AU  - Westerholm, R
AU  - Winquist, L
AU  - Rannug, U
AD  - Laboratory for Analytical Environmental Chemistry, University of Stockholm, Solna, Sweden.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 85
EP  - 92
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - AMES test
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Liquid chromatography
KW  - Gas chromatography
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Mass spectrometry
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Chemical analysis
KW  - Diesel engines
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chemical+analysis+and+biological+testing+of+a+polar+fraction+of+ambient+air%2C+diesel+engine%2C+and+gasoline+engine+particulate+extracts.&rft.au=Strandell%2C+M%3BZakrisson%2C+S%3BAlsberg%2C+T%3BWesterholm%2C+R%3BWinquist%2C+L%3BRannug%2C+U&rft.aulast=Strandell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gas chromatography; Liquid chromatography; Gasoline; AMES test; Genotoxicity; Mass spectrometry; Particulates; Diesel engines; Chemical analysis
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The carcinogenicity of methoxyl derivatives of 4-aminoazobenzene: correlation between DNA adducts and genotoxicity.
AN  - 21268686; 11703568
AB  - To elucidate the cause of the difference in genotoxic activity between carcinogenic 3-methoxy-4-aminoazobenzene (3-MeO-AAB) and noncarcinogenic 2-methoxy-4-aminoazobenzene (2-MeO-AAB), we analyzed DNA adducts in the livers of rats exposed to either of these chemicals and studied the resulting biologic potential with the aid of in vitro modified M13 phage DNA. 32P-Postalbeling analysis revealed that the carcinogen 3-MeO-AAB produced 20-fold higher amounts of adducts than did 2-MeO-AAB. Five adducts were formed in the 3-MeO-AAB case whereas only one adduct was apparent in 2-MeO-AAB-treated rat. Studies of in vitro DNA replication using N-hydroxy (N-OH)-aminoazo dye-modified M13 phage DNA as a template demonstrated inhibition by 3-MeO-AAB adducts to be substantially greater than in the 2-MeO-AAB-adducts. The specificity of mutagenesis induced in M13mp9 phage DNA by these chemicals also was analyzed after transfection into SOS-induced Escherichia coli JM103, mutation frequencies being higher with N-OH-3-MeO-AAB- than N-OH-2-MeO-AAB-modified DNA. The mutation spectra differed in each case. Our data suggest that the difference in hepatocarcinogenic activity between the two chemicals depends not only on qualitative and quantitative variation in adduct formation but also on conformation changes in modified DNA. Images Figure 1. A Figure 1. B Figure 2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kojima, M
AU  - Degawa, M
AU  - Hashimoto, Y
AU  - Tada, M
AD  - Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 191
EP  - 194
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Phages
KW  - DNA biosynthesis
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Replication
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - Rats
KW  - Transfection
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - DNA
KW  - Liver
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Conformation
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+carcinogenicity+of+methoxyl+derivatives+of+4-aminoazobenzene%3A+correlation+between+DNA+adducts+and+genotoxicity.&rft.au=Kojima%2C+M%3BDegawa%2C+M%3BHashimoto%2C+Y%3BTada%2C+M&rft.aulast=Kojima&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phages; DNA adducts; DNA biosynthesis; Data processing; Replication; Genotoxicity; Carcinogens; Mutagenesis; Carcinogenicity; Transfection; Liver; Mutation; Conformation; Rats; Chemicals; DNA; Escherichia coli
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The role of fat and calcium in the production of foci of aberrant crypts in the colon of rats fed 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine.
AN  - 21264341; 11703565
AB  - The modulation by dietary fat levels of intestine carcinogenesis is well documented. New developments suggest that calcium ions may also play a role. A rapid bioassay, the induction of foci of aberrant crypts in the colon, was used to explore the interaction between dietary fat and calcium. Male F344 rats 6 weeks of age were placed on diets containing 5 or 20% corn oil, and 0.04 or 0.32% calcium ion, as calcium lactate. Each dietary group was fed 400 ppm 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhlP), and negative controls received the diets alone. A positive control group was given 2 mg N-nitrosomethylurea (NMU) intrarectally four times in a 2-week period. All rats were killed after 9 weeks. The intestinal tract was rinsed with Krebs-Ringer buffer. After staining a 6-cm segment of the descending colon and rectum with 0.2% methylene blue, foci of aberrant crypts were evaluated microscopically. With PhlP as a carcinogen, the rats on a high-fat, low-calcium level had more foci of aberrant crypts than animals on a low-fat level. With the higher calcium level, there were fewer foci and aberrant crypts, but the effect of fat was still significant. With NMU and a low-calcium level, the effect of fat level was evident. However, with the higher calcium intake, there were considerably more foci of aberrant crypts than on the low-calcium level, and the effect of the dietary fat level was not obvious.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weisburger, J H
AU  - Braley, J
AU  - Reinhardt, J
AU  - Aliaga, C
AU  - Rivenson, A
AU  - Hard, G C
AU  - Zhang, X M
AU  - Takahashi, M
AU  - Esumi, H
AU  - Sugimura, T
AD  - American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595-1599.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 53
EP  - 55
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Diets
KW  - Ions
KW  - Age
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Bioassays
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - corn
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+role+of+fat+and+calcium+in+the+production+of+foci+of+aberrant+crypts+in+the+colon+of+rats+fed+2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo%5B4%2C5-b%5D-pyridine.&rft.au=Weisburger%2C+J+H%3BBraley%2C+J%3BReinhardt%2C+J%3BAliaga%2C+C%3BRivenson%2C+A%3BHard%2C+G+C%3BZhang%2C+X+M%3BTakahashi%2C+M%3BEsumi%2C+H%3BSugimura%2C+T&rft.aulast=Weisburger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Rats; Ions; Age; Bioassays; Calcium; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; corn
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The role of nongenotoxic mechanisms in arylamine carcinogenesis.
AN  - 21261649; 11701648
AB  - The growth of preneoplastic nodules during the feeding of a carcinogenic 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) regimen is preceded by several alterations in the physiologic homeostasis. Many of these alterations can be considered adaptive responses to the drug exposure. One property of AAF could be identified that clearly distinguishes this complete rat liver carcinogen from at least two other, incomplete rat liver carcinogens. Highly specific redox cycling in mitochondria was demonstrated in vitro, and this observation could well contribute an explanation of the morphologic and histochemical observations in vivo. It is emphasized that nongenotoxic effects may play an important role in the generation of tumors by genotoxic carcinogens.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Neumann, H G
AU  - Ambs, S
AU  - Bitsch, A
AD  - Institut fur Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitat Wurzburg, Germany.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 173
EP  - 176
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Liver
KW  - feeding
KW  - tumors
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Drugs
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261649?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+role+of+nongenotoxic+mechanisms+in+arylamine+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Neumann%2C+H+G%3BAmbs%2C+S%3BBitsch%2C+A&rft.aulast=Neumann&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcinogenicity; Carcinogenesis; Genotoxicity; feeding; Liver; tumors; Carcinogens; Drugs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Induction of mutation spectra by complex mixtures: approaches, problems, and possibilities.
AN  - 21261509; 11703552
AB  - More complex environmental mixtures have been evaluated for mutagenic activity at the hisD3052 allele of Salmonella, primarily in strain TA98, than in any other target or mutation assay. Using colony probe hybridization to detect a common hot spot deletion, followed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing, we have generated 10 mutation spectra from three classes of mixtures (i.e., urban air, cigarette smoke condensate, and municipal waste incinerator emissions). The mutation spectra are distinctly different among the three classes of mixtures; however, the spectra for samples within the same class of mixture are similar. In addition to the hot spot mutation, the mixtures induce complex mutations, which consist of a small deletion and a base substitution. These mutations suggest a mechanism involving misinsertion of a base opposite a DNA adduct followed by a slippage and mismatch. A role for DNA secondary structure also may be the basis for the mutational site specificity exhibited by the various mixtures. The results suggest that unique mutation spectra can be generated by different classes of complex mixtures and that such spectra are a consequence of the dominance of a particular chemical class or classes within the mixture. The problems associated with this type of research are discussed along with the potential value of mutation spectra as a tool for exposure and risk assessment.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - DeMarini, D M
AD  - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 127
EP  - 130
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - hot spots
KW  - dominance
KW  - Cigarettes
KW  - Probes
KW  - Cigarette smoke
KW  - Protein structure
KW  - Colonies
KW  - DNA sequencing
KW  - Gene deletion
KW  - Condensates
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Polymerase chain reaction
KW  - Municipal wastes
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Secondary structure
KW  - Wastes
KW  - Dominance
KW  - Smoke
KW  - DNA structure
KW  - DNA
KW  - Incinerators
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Mutation
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - J 02420:Plant Diseases
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; DNA adducts; Secondary structure; Wastes; Probes; Cigarette smoke; Dominance; Protein structure; Gene deletion; DNA sequencing; Colonies; Condensates; DNA structure; Polymerase chain reaction; Incinerators; Mutation; Smoke; hot spots; dominance; Cigarettes; Emissions; DNA; Municipal wastes; Salmonella
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Phagosomal pH and glass fiber dissolution in cultured nasal epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages: a preliminary study.
AN  - 21260560; 11701634
AB  - The dissolution rate of glass fibers has been shown to be pH sensitive using in vitro lung fluid simulant models. The current study investigated whether there is a difference in phagosomal pH (ppH) between rat alveolar macrophages (AM) and rat nasal epithelial cells (RNEC) and whether such a difference would influence the dissolution of glass fibers. The ppH was measured in cultured AM and RNEC using flow cytometric, fluorescence-emission rationing techniques with fluorescein-labeled, amorphous silica particles. Glass fiber dissolution was determined in AM and RNEC cultured for 3 weeks with fast dissolving glass fibers (GF-A) or slow dissolving ones (GF-B). The mean diameters of GF-A were 2.7 microns and of GF-B, 2.6 microns, the average length of both fibers was approximately 22 to 25 microns. Dissolution was monitored by measuring the length and diameter of intracellular fibers and estimating the volume, assuming a cylindrical morphology. The ppH of AM was 5.2 to 5.8, and the ppH of RNEC was 7.0 to 7.5. The GF-A dissolved more slowly in RNEC than in AM, and no dissolution was evident in either cell type with GF-B. The volume loss with GF-A after a 3-week culture with AM was 66% compared to 45% for cultured RNEC. These results are different from those obtained using in vitro lung fluid-simulant models where dissolution is faster at higher pH. This difference suggests that dissolution rates of glass fibers in AM should not be applied to the dissolution of fibers in epithelial cells. Images Figure 1. a Figure 1. b Figure 2. a Figure 2. b Figure 3. a Figure 3. b
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Johnson, N F
AD  - Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 97
EP  - 102
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Macrophages
KW  - Epithelial cells
KW  - Cell culture
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Alveoli
KW  - Flow cytometry
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Silica
KW  - Lung
KW  - silica
KW  - Morphology
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - pH effects
KW  - pH
KW  - F 06935:Development, Aging & Organ Systems
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260560?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Phagosomal+pH+and+glass+fiber+dissolution+in+cultured+nasal+epithelial+cells+and+alveolar+macrophages%3A+a+preliminary+study.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+N+F&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Flow cytometry; Macrophages; Epithelial cells; Fibers; Silica; Lung; Dissolution; Cell culture; pH effects; Alveoli; silica; Morphology; Particulates; pH
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Possible application of urinary analysis to estimate dissolution of some man-made vitreous fibers.
AN  - 21260404; 11703559
AB  - A preliminary study at the institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS) examined the dissolution of three man-made vitreous fiber samples (glasswool, rockwool, glass microfibers: JM 100) after intraperitoneal injections in male Wistar rats. The chemical composition of the original fibers was determined by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP). The urine of the rats was collected at fixed times between day 1 and day 204, and the ICP was used to look for elements known to be present in the original fibers. At day 204, a piece of omentum was removed at autopsy, ashed and analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) to identify the elements remaining in the fibers. Silicon and aluminium were retained in the fibers from all samples at day 204. Losses in calcium, sodium, magnesium, and sulfur were observed, but these elements were not studied in the urine samples because they are naturally present in relatively high concentrations in rat cells and biological fluids. Although there was a loss of zinc from the glass microfibers, no corresponding difference was observed between the zinc levels excreted by the treated animals and by the controls. Similarly, despite the loss of manganese from the rockwool fibers at day 204, none was detectable in the urine samples. Titanium, present at the 0.3% level in rockwool, was not detectable by EDXA at day 204, but small quantities were detected in the first 2 weeks in the urine samples of rats treated with rockwool.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wastiaux, A
AU  - Blanchard, O
AU  - Honnons, S
AD  - Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 217
EP  - 219
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Urine
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Manganese
KW  - Spectrometry
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260404?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Possible+application+of+urinary+analysis+to+estimate+dissolution+of+some+man-made+vitreous+fibers.&rft.au=Wastiaux%2C+A%3BBlanchard%2C+O%3BHonnons%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wastiaux&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Rats; Fibers; Calcium; Urine; Aluminum; Zinc; Manganese; Spectrometry
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A perspective on the potential development of environmentally acceptable light-duty diesel vehicles.
AN  - 21260114; 11703550
AB  - Between 1979 and 1985, an international technical focus was placed upon potential human health effects associated with exposure to diesel emissions. A substantial data base was developed on the composition of diesel emissions; the fate of these emissions in the atmosphere; and the effects of whole particles and their chemical constituents on microorganisms, cells, and animals. Since that time, a number of significant developments have been made in diesel engine technology that require a new look at the future acceptability of introducing significant numbers of light-duty diesel automobiles into the European and American markets. Significant engineering improvements have been made in engine design, catalysts, and traps. As a result, particle emissions and particle associated organic emissions have been reduced by about 10 and 30 times, respectively, during the past 10 years. Research studies to help assess the environmental acceptability of these fuel-efficient engines include the development of an emissions data base for current and advanced diesel engines, the effect of diesel emissions on urban ozone formation and atmospheric particle concentrations, the effect of fuel composition, e.g., lower sulfur and additives on emissions, animal inhalation toxicology studies, and fundamental molecular biology studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hammerle, R
AU  - Schuetzle, D
AU  - Adams, W
AD  - Ford Motor Company, Research Laboratory, Dearborn, MI 48121.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 25
EP  - 30
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Sulfur
KW  - Fuels
KW  - Motor vehicles
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Atmosphere
KW  - acceptability
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Catalysts
KW  - Data bases
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Ozone
KW  - molecular biology
KW  - Databases
KW  - Atmospheric chemistry
KW  - Microorganisms
KW  - Traps
KW  - Diesel
KW  - Additives
KW  - Diesel engines
KW  - Technology
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - A 01320:Microbial Degradation
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sulfur; Inhalation; Databases; Motor vehicles; Fuels; Microorganisms; Traps; Diesel; Catalysts; Atmosphere; Ozone; Particulates; molecular biology; acceptability; Atmospheric chemistry; Emissions; Diesel engines; Additives; Toxicology; Data bases; Technology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Significance of durability of mineral fibers for their toxicity and carcinogenic potency in the abdominal cavity of rats in comparison with the low sensitivity of inhalation studies.
AN  - 21259120; 11701636
AB  - At the same time that carcinogenicity of very thin glass fibers after intrapleural and intraperitoneal (ip) administration was demonstrated (1,2) researchers found that gypsum fibers and HCI-leached chrysotile fibers were easily soluble in the peritoneal cavity. This led to the conclusion that the chemical composition of fibers was not responsible for the carcinogenesis but that the degree of carcinogenic potency of a fiber depended on the extent to which it retained its fibrous structure. A thin glass fiber with a low biodurability did not induce tumors after ip injection of a high dose, although the ip test had been criticized for being "overly sensitive." The ip model has been the most successful for determining carcinogenicity of inorganic fibers and establishing dose-response relationships; but to determine the possibilities and limitations of this test model, very high doses of nonfibrous silicon carbide and of a slightly durable glass fiber type were injected ip in Wistar rats. No obviously acute or chronic toxic effect was observed in 90 weeks, but there was a 40% incidence of serosal tumors in the group treated with glass fibers. A pilot study on the persistence of slag fibers in the omentum of rats after ip injection showed a half-time of about 1 year. It was calculated that an ip injection of 10(9) fibers would lead to a concentration of fiber numbers in the ash of the omentum in the same range as the concentration in the lung after 2 years of inhalation exposure. The long-term inhalation study with fibers in rats has been called the "gold standard" for risk characterization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pott, F
AU  - Roller, M
AU  - Kamino, K
AU  - Bellmann, B
AD  - Medical Institute of Environmental Hygiene, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Germany.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 145
EP  - 150
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Silicon
KW  - tumors
KW  - Rats
KW  - silicon carbide
KW  - Omentum
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - gypsum
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Chemical composition
KW  - Ash
KW  - Peritoneum
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Tumors
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Lung
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Chrysotile
KW  - Minerals
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24300:Methods
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Peritoneum; Tumors; Toxicity; Fibers; Omentum; silicon carbide; Lung; gypsum; Dose-response effects; Carcinogenesis; Minerals; Chrysotile; Sensitivity; Silicon; Chemical composition; Ash; tumors; Rats; Carcinogenicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dissolution of man-made vitreous fibers in rat alveolar macrophage culture and Gamble's saline solution: influence of different media and chemical composition of the fibers.
AN  - 21259104; 11701632
AB  - The effect of different chemical compositions of man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) on their dissolution by alveolar macrophages (AM) in culture and in Gamble's solution was studied. The fibers were exposed to cultured rat AMs, culture medium alone; or Gamble's saline solution for 2, 4, or 8 days. The dissolution of the fibers was studied by measuring the amount of silicon (Si), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al) in each medium. The AMs in culture dissolved Fe and Al from the fibers but the dissolution of Si was more marked in the cell culture medium without cells and in the Gamble's solution. The dissolution of Si, Fe, and Al was different for different fibers, and increased as a function of time. The Fe and Al content of the fibers correlated negatively with the dissolution of Si by AMs from the MMVF, i.e., when the content of Fe and Al of the fibers increased the dissolution of Si decreased. These results suggest that the chemical composition of MMVFs has a marked effect on their dissolution. AMs seem to affect the dissolution of Fe and Al from the fibers. This suggests that in vitro models with cells in the media rather than only culture media or saline solutions would be preferable in dissolution studies of MMVFs.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Luoto, K
AU  - Holopainen, M
AU  - Karppinen, K
AU  - Perander, M
AU  - Savolainen, K
AD  - National Public Health Institute, Division of Environmental Health, Kuopio, Finland.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 103
EP  - 107
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Macrophages
KW  - Silicon
KW  - Chemical composition
KW  - Cell culture
KW  - Alveoli
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Dissolution
KW  - Iron
KW  - Media (culture)
KW  - F 06965:Immune Cells
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macrophages; Fibers; Silicon; Aluminum; Dissolution; Cell culture; Iron; Alveoli; Media (culture); Chemical composition
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modification of plasmid and bacteriophage DNA by aromatic amines: effects on survival, template activity, and mutagenicity.
AN  - 21258875; 11703569
AB  - The carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of the aromatic amines are believed to depend on their covalent modification of DNA, primarily through the formation of adducts at C8 of guanine. The actual biologic and biochemical responses to these adducts can be envisioned as the consequence of the abilities of the cell to repair the lesions, with or without fidelity, and the introduction of errors through bypass of the adducts by polymerases. A key question is whether changes in DNA sequence arise through the participation of common repair processes that cause mutations independent of adduct structure. Alternatively, do mutations arise through miscoding during polymerase bypass at the site of the adducts and are, therefore, more likely to produce sequence changes that are more characteristic of adduct structure? This question has been approached using single, site-specific, or randomly introduced aromatic amine DNA adducts in bacterial cells, and in vitro studies with DNA polymerases that employ site-specifically modified templates. The results of both approaches demonstrate that these adducts are distinguished readily by virtue of their structures, thus supporting the conclusion that mutagenic effects of the aromatic amines arise from their structures rather than from their triggering a common inaccurate repair response. Images Figure 1.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - King, C M
AU  - Lee, M S
AU  - Jones, R F
AU  - Tamura, N
AD  - Department of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Michigan Cancer Foundation, Detroit 48201.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 217
EP  - 220
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Phages
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Survival
KW  - Amines
KW  - Plasmids
KW  - amines
KW  - Fidelity
KW  - Guanine
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - DNA-directed DNA polymerase
KW  - DNA
KW  - Lesions
KW  - survival
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - V 22320:Replication
KW  - J 02430:Symbiosis, Antibiosis & Phages
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phages; DNA adducts; Mutagenicity; Guanine; Fidelity; amines; Nucleotide sequence; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Survival; Plasmids; Mutation; Aromatics; Biochemistry; Carcinogenicity; DNA; Lesions; survival; Amines; Bacteria
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biopersistence of inhaled organic and inorganic fibers in the lungs of rats.
AN  - 21258850; 11703560
AB  - Fiber dimension and durability are recognized as important features in influencing the development of pulmonary carcinogenic and fibrogenic effects. Using a short-term inhalation bioassay, we have studied pulmonary deposition and clearance patterns and evaluated and compared the pulmonary toxicity of two previously tested reference materials, an inhaled organic fiber, Kevlar para-aramid fibrils, and an inorganic fiber, wollastonite. Rats were exposed for 5 days to aerosols of Kevlar fibrils (900-1344 f/cc; 9-11 mg/m3) or wollastonite fibers (800 f/cc; 115 mg/m3). The lungs of exposed rats were digested to quantify dose, fiber dimensional changes over time, and clearance kinetics. The results showed that inhaled wollastonite fibers were cleared rapidly with a retention half-time of & 1 week. Mean fiber lengths decreased from 11 microns to 6 microns over a 1-month period, and fiber diameters increased from 0.5 micron to 1.0 micron in the same time. Fiber clearance studies with Kevlar showed a transient increase in the numbers of retained fibrils at 1 week postexposure, with rapid clearance of fibers thereafter, and retention half-time of 30 days. A progressive decrease in the mean lengths from 12.5 microns to 7.5 microns and mean diameters from 0.33 micron to 0.23 micron was recorded 6 months after exposure to inhaled Kevlar fibrils. The percentages of fibers > 15 microns in length decreased from 30% immediately after exposure to 5% after 6 months; the percentages of fibers in the 4 to 7 microns range increased from 25 to 55% in the same period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 4. A Figure 4. B Figure 6. A Figure 6. B
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Warheit, D B
AU  - Hartsky, M A
AU  - McHugh, T A
AU  - Kellar, K A
AD  - Central Research and Development, Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Newark, Delaware 19714.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 151
EP  - 157
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Aerosols
KW  - Pollutant deposition
KW  - Lung
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Rats; Fibers; Pollutant deposition; Aerosols; Carcinogenicity; Lung; Kinetics; Toxicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of particle size and chemical composition on efficiency of clearance mechanisms: electron microscopy studies on humans.
AN  - 21258832; 11703553
AB  - This article compares the presence of solid particles in lung parenchyma samples collected from accident victims and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid taken from patients diagnosed with pulmonary carcinoma. Analysis by electron microscopy showed differences in particle size between the two groups, which could be attributable both to differences in original particle size and to their solubility in the biological environment.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Falchi, M
AU  - Donelli, G
AU  - Paoletti, L
AD  - Department of Ultrastructures, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 241
EP  - 243
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Particle size
KW  - Accidents
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Chemical composition
KW  - Lung
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Particulates
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Particle size; Efficiency; Accidents; Chemical composition; Lung; Microscopy; Particulates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chemical behavior of aluminum and phosphorus during dissolution of glass fibers in physiological saline solutions.
AN  - 21257455; 11701631
AB  - The dissolution of textile glass fibers of four different compositions has been investigated at 37 degrees C. In these glasses, which are isolation type, the P2O5 contents scatter between 0 and 2 wt% and Al2O3 from 0.12 to 3.4 wt%. Both static (30-mg fibers; 250-ml solution) and dynamic (50-mg fibers; 40 ml/day flow rate) conditions with or without bubbling of a gas mixture (95:5, N2-CO2) have been used. Two physiological solutions, one proposed by Kanapilly and the other by Scholtze, were used. After each run (1, 3, 7, 14, and sometimes 30, 62 days) the solutions were analyzed for B and Si by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), the weight losses were determined, and the residual solid were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Static runs give a better agreement between measured and calculated weight losses from solution analyses than dynamic experiments. SEM examinations indicate diameter reduction and formation of a hydrated Si-rich layer. Sometimes hollow tubes, suggesting the detachment of these layers, are observed. XPS and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis indicate the formation of a veneer of calcium phosphate for the most rapidly dissolving glass. In other cases an Al increase is observed at the solid solution interface. Whatever experimental conditions are used, the relative dissolution rates of the four glasses are identical. The kinetics may be modeled with variable dissolution rates from initial high values to final low ones. The latter reflect the very low solubility of the residual product. Images Figure 2. a Figure 2. b Figure 7. a Figure 7. b
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Baillif, P
AU  - Touray, J C
AD  - URA du CNRS et GDR, ESEM, Universite d'Orleans, France.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 77
EP  - 81
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Behavior
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - calcium phosphates
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - Flow rates
KW  - ENA 03:Energy
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Behavior; Kinetics; Aluminum; Microscopy; Physiology; calcium phosphates; Spectroscopy; Flow rates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Asbestotic Pleural Plaques in Northeast Corsica: Correlations with Airborne and Pleural Mineralogic Analysis
AN  - 21255706; 11704910
AB  - We report a prevalence study of environmental pleural plaques in subjects over 50 years old from the northeastern Corsican village of Murato, built on asbestos surface deposits. The percentage of plaques was 41%, versus 7.5% in the control village of Vezzani. Although surface deposits contain both chrysotile and tremolite, airborne pollution and asbestos lung burden of exposed inhabitants consist essentially of tremolite as assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, TEM analysis of the parietal pleura of three animals bred in exposed areas showed a predominance of short fibers of chrysotile. The respective roles of tremolite and chrysotile in inducing pleural plaques in Corsica should thus be considered.aEnviron Health Perspect 102(Suppl 5):251a252 (1994)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rey, F
AU  - Boutin, C
AU  - Viallat, J R
AU  - Steinbauer, J
AU  - Alessandroni, P
AU  - Jutisz, P
AU  - Di Giambattista, D
AU  - Billon-Galland, MA
AU  - Hereng, P
AU  - Dumortier, P
AU  - De Vuyst, P
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 251
EP  - 252
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - environmental pleural plaques
KW  - Corsica
KW  - airborne meteorology
KW  - pleural mineralogy
KW  - asbestos
KW  - pleural plaques
KW  - amphiboles
KW  - environmental diseases
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Asbestos
KW  - Lung
KW  - Microscopy
KW  - villages
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fibers; Asbestos; Lung; Microscopy; villages
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mutagenic activity of heterocyclic amines in cooked foods.
AN  - 21251756; 11701642
AB  - Mutagenic heterocyclic amines are generated in foods when they are cooked at temperatures over 150 degrees C. These compounds are present from 0.1 to 50 ppb, depending on the food and cooking conditions. These heterocyclic amines are not only present in cooked red meat, fish, and chicken, but are also present at lower levels in baked and fried foods derived from grain. Mutagenicity of fried beef hamburgers cooked at 230 degrees C is 800 +/- 37 TA98 revertants per gram cooked weight. We measured 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MelQx), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMelQx), and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) formation at this temperature and found 3.0 +/- 2.0, 1.0 +/- 0.18, and 0.06 +/- 0.03 ng/g, respectively. 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidaz[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) was found at a higher concentration of 9.6 ng/g. In our laboratory we have shown these heterocyclic amines are capable of producing both reverse and forward mutations in Salmonella bacteria and forward mutations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). We have also been able to show a statistically significant increase in mutations in the pancreas of the "mutamouse" following PhIP exposure. The pancreas also shows relatively high DNA binding compared to other organs in the mouse. The number and type of mutations depend on the repair capacity of the cells for both Salmonella and CHO. In Salmonella the mutations are primarily 2-base deletions when the cells lack uvrB repair, but mutations are more complex (larger deletions and insertions) but lower in frequency when repair is functional.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Felton, J S
AU  - Knize, M G
AU  - Dolbeare, F A
AU  - Wu, R
AD  - Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 201
EP  - 204
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Heterocyclic amines
KW  - Pancreas
KW  - Food
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Cooking
KW  - cooking
KW  - intelligence
KW  - Temperature effects
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Clonal deletion
KW  - Temperature
KW  - Amines
KW  - Organs
KW  - Meat
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Beef
KW  - DNA
KW  - Grain
KW  - Fish
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Revertants
KW  - Mutation
KW  - J 02410:Animal Diseases
KW  - A 01330:Food Microbiology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Heterocyclic amines; Mutagenicity; Clonal deletion; Food; Pancreas; Statistical analysis; Meat; Intelligence; Beef; Cooking; Grain; DNA; Mutation; Revertants; Temperature; cooking; Fish; Amines; Organs; intelligence; Salmonella
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chrysotile biopersistence in the lungs of persons in the general population and exposed workers.
AN  - 21251653; 11703561
AB  - Lung burden analysis was performed on 126 autopsy cases of persons who died in New York City from 1966 through 1968. Of the 126 cases, 107 were probably non-occupationally exposed, judging by occupational history and asbestos body content of lung. Fifty-three of the 107 cases contained short chrysotile fibers/fibrils, & 5 microns in length, present in 3-fold greater amounts than were found in laboratory background controls. The fiber concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 15.7 x 10(6) f/gm/dry lung tissue, and the proportion of fibers > or = 5 microns in length was only 0.34% of the total chrysotile population found. Other inorganic particles present included fragments of amphiboles. In contrast to these data, the lung parenchyma of persons occupationally exposed to asbestos commonly showed the presence of other fiber types, especially amosite and crocidolite, at very much higher concentrations and greater fiber length. Any chrysotile present would usually be in fiber bundle form, with both fibers and fibrils > 5 microns in length. Comparison of the lung fiber content of occupationally exposed persons with that of the general population showed marked qualitative and quantitative differences. Fibers are durable, and are retained in a range of concentrations. Their length and dose, among other factors, which control their biological potential are different in the two populations; the risk factors for chrysotile-induced disease are not the same. Images Figure 1. A Figure 1. B Figure 1. C
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Langer, A M
AU  - Nolan, R P
AD  - Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Applied Sciences Institute of Brooklyn College, New York 11210.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 235
EP  - 239
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Historical account
KW  - USA, New York, New York City
KW  - Asbestos
KW  - Lung
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Fibers; Asbestos; Lung; Particulates; Occupational exposure; Urban areas; USA, New York, New York City
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ambient air pollutants in upper Silesia: partial chemical composition and biological activity.
AN  - 21251646; 11701627
AB  - The air monitoring system in Upper Silesia has provided abundant data on airborne pollutants. Air quality in this region is bad: a concentration of several gases, volatile compounds, metals, and complex mixtures of organic compounds carried by small particulate matter exceeds both daily and yearly admissible levels. About 250 individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonds (PAHs) were identified in airborne pollutants, and hundreds of not identified compounds are seen on gas chromatographic profiles as minor peaks. Among PAHs are present compounds with known carcinogenic potency for humans. Seasonal variation with distinctly lower concentration of pollutants in summer than in winter was noticed. Fifteen PAHs including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) determined by GC-MS method in 20 measuring points showed constant relative proportions. Thus B[a]P could be used as a representative compound for other PAHs. In urban areas, a core of Silesia values for B[a]P concentration ranged from 60 to 90 ng/m3 in winter to 5 to 20 micrograms/m in summer. Mutagenicity tested on Salmonella strains showed seasonal variation with distinctly higher values in winter. Environmentally exposed humans showed a higher level of PAH-DNA adducts in WBC than the control population from rural area. Total organic extract of small particulate matter exhibited both direct and indirect mutagenic activity, induced formation of micronuclei in bone marrow cells of BALB/c mice, induced chromosomal rearrangements, and increased sister chromatid exchange index.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chorazy, M
AU  - Szeliga, J
AU  - Strozyk, M
AU  - Cimander, B
AD  - Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 61
EP  - 66
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Pollution monitoring
KW  - Sister chromatid exchange
KW  - Micronuclei
KW  - Particulate matter
KW  - Bone marrow
KW  - Air quality
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Poland, Slaskie, Upper Silesia
KW  - Winter
KW  - Czech Rep., Silesia
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Chromosome rearrangements
KW  - Seasonal variations
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - Metals
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Chemical composition
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Adducts
KW  - Mice
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - winter
KW  - Gases
KW  - Volatiles
KW  - summer
KW  - Benzo(a)pyrene
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; Mutagenicity; Data processing; Adducts; Sister chromatid exchange; Particulate matter; Micronuclei; Bone marrow; Winter; Gases; Pollutants; Chromosome rearrangements; Volatiles; Benzo(a)pyrene; Organic compounds; Seasonal variations; Aromatics; Pollution monitoring; Chemical composition; Mice; Air quality; Particulates; Air pollution; winter; Carcinogenicity; summer; Urban areas; Rural areas; Salmonella; Czech Rep., Silesia; Poland, Slaskie, Upper Silesia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biopersistence of man-made vitreous silicate fibers in the human lung.
AN  - 21251641; 11703555
AB  - There is now a substantial body of experimental data on the pulmonary biopersistence of man-made vitreous silicate fibers (MMVSF), but human data are seriously lacking. Our knowledge in this field is essentially limited to a few reports of measurements of fibers retained in lung tissue samples taken at autopsy from workers manufacturing these products. Three types of exposure were studied: fibrous glass, mineral wool, and refractory ceramic fibers. Overall, the available data do not provide evidence for substantial long-term retention of fibers in the human lung after occupational exposure to MMVSF dusts. A word of caution, however; the amount of data supporting the previous statement is much greater for fibrous glass than for either mineral wool or refractory ceramic fibers. There is no human data on the key question of the kinetics of pulmonary clearance of inhaled MMVSF.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sebastien, P
AD  - Institute de Recherche en Sante et en Securite du Travail du Quebec, Montreal, Canada.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 225
EP  - 228
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Lung
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Minerals
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Dust
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Fibers; Lung; Kinetics; Minerals; Dust; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structural requirements for the ferrihemoglobin-forming activity of glutathione S-conjugates of 4-dimethylaminophenol.
AN  - 21251500; 11701646
AB  - 4-Dimethylaminophenol (DMAP) is a suitable cyanide antidote that rapidly forms ferrihemoglobin by catalytic transfer of electrons from ferrohemoglobin to oxygen. Deleterious methemoglobinemia, because of the catalytic cycling, is prevented by side reactions of oxidized DMAP with thiols, particularly with glutathione (GSH). In human red cells, both in vitro and in vivo, the formation of a transient bis-glutathione and a stable tris-glutathione adduct was observed. To investigate the reactivity of GSH adducts of DMAP, we synthesized various thioethers by oxidizing DMAP with PbO2 in 0.1 M sulfuric acid followed by reaction with GSH. The following compounds were isolated and characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopy and determination of the pK values: 4-dimethylamino-2-(glutathione-S-yl)-phenol (2-GS-DMAP), 4-dimethylamino-3-(glutathione-S-yl)-phenol (3-GS-DMAP), 4-dimethylamino-2,5-bis(glutathione-S-yl)-phenol (2,5-bis GS-DMAP), 4-dimethylamino-2,6-bis(glutathione-S-yl)-phenol (2,6-bis GS-DMAP), and 4-dimethylamino-2,3,6-tris(glutathione-S-yl)-phenol (2,3,6-tris GS-DMAP). Ferrihemoglobin-forming activity was investigated with oxyhemoglobin, alkylated with N-ethylmaleimide (Hb-NES) to prevent binding of oxidized compounds to the protein SH groups. DMAP, 2,6-bis-GS-DMAP, and 2-GS-DMAP (0.1 mM each) completely oxidized Hb-NES (0.6 mM) in a decreasing order of activity (pH 7.4, 37 degrees C, air); the other derivatives were quite inactive. The same thioether reactivity was observed during autoxidation. Ferrihemoglobin formation by the reactive thioethers was greatly enhanced when the oxygen tension was increased from 2 to 100%. In contrast, variation of the oxygen tension had only marginal effects on the activity of DMAP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ludwig, E
AU  - Eyer, P
AD  - Walther-Straub-Institut fur Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Germany.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 133
EP  - 136
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Cyanide
KW  - Sulfuric acid
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - pH
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Cyanide; Sulfuric acid; Proteins; Spectroscopy; pH
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lung content analysis of cases occupationally exposed to chrysotile asbestos.
AN  - 21251488; 11701633
AB  - The lung contents of six workers who had been occupationally exposed to chrysotile asbestos were examined. Five were lung cancer cases from Quebec, Canada. The sixth, an American worker who had developed pleural mesothelioma, was particularly interesting, with the lung content strikingly distinct from the Canadian cases; chrysotile, the predominant fiber in his lung, was present at a concentration 300 times that of the average total fiber content in the Canadian cases. The fiber length distribution of the chrysotile recovered from the U.S. mesothelioma case was indistinguishable from that of chrysotile specimens known to produce mesotheliomas in rats. It was also found that the characteristics of the calcium-magnesium-iron silicate fibers present in all six cases were not readily comparable to tremolite asbestos specimens known to induce mesotheliomas in animals. Images Figure 1. A Figure 1. B Figure 1. C Figure 1. D Figure 2. A Figure 2. B Figure 2. C Figure 2. D
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nolan, R P
AU  - Langer, A M
AU  - Addison, J
AD  - Environmental Sciences Laboratory, Brooklyn College, New York.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 245
EP  - 250
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Fibers
KW  - USA
KW  - Asbestos
KW  - Canada, Quebec
KW  - mesothelioma
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Fibers; Asbestos; mesothelioma; Cancer; Occupational exposure; Lung cancer; USA; Canada, Quebec
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Clearance of inhaled ceramic fibers from rat lungs.
AN  - 21251430; 11701638
AB  - Deposition, clearance, retention, and durability of inhaled particles in lung are important factors for induction of pulmonary fibrosis or lung cancer. To study the deposition and clearance of aluminium silicate ceramic fibers from the lung, male Wistar rats were exposed to ceramic fibers, with a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 3.7 microns, for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 2 weeks. The average exposure concentration was 27.2 mg/m3 (SD 9.0). The rats were killed at 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the end of exposure, and the fiber numbers and dimensions were measured with a scanning electron microscope. No significant difference in length of residual ceramic fibers in the lungs was found among the groups. The geometric mean diameter and number of ceramic fibers, however, decreased according to the clearance period. These findings suggest that the fibers were dissolved at their surface.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yamato, H
AU  - Tanaka, I
AU  - Higashi, T
AU  - Kido, M
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Engineering, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 169
EP  - 171
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Rats
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Aerodynamics
KW  - Aluminum
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Ceramics; Fibers; Aerodynamics; Aluminum; Particulates; Cancer; Lung cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure and risk from ambient particle-bound pollution in an airshed dominated by residential wood combustion and mobile sources.
AN  - 21251355; 11703548
AB  - A major field study was conducted in Boise, Idaho, during the heating season of 1986 to 1987 as part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project. Filter samples were systematically collected in residences and in the ambient air across the community to characterize the particle-bound pollutants. The extractable organic matter (EOM) from the filter samples was apportioned to its source of origin, either residential wood combustion (RWC) or mobile sources (MS). Two composite samples, with apportioned contributions from RWC and MS, were prepared from the Boise ambient samples and tested for tumor-initiation potency. A comparative potency lung cancer risk estimate has been made based on the two ambient composite samples from this airshed. In addition, a microenvironmental exposure model was developed from the Boise data and from national survey data to estimate the exposure to EOM from RWC and MS. In this paper, the microenvironmental model is extrapolated to provide an estimate of the average annual exposure and dose in Boise to EOM from RWC and MS. The annual model considers actual pollutant levels in Boise, historical changes in RWC usage and meteorological dilution factors and the likely activities in the various microenvironmental zones and their resultant inhalation rates. Combined with the lifetime risk estimates, the average annual dose suggests a risk of about 4 x 10(-4) based upon the composite ambient samples. Despite the fact that RWC accounts for 73% of the EOM on an annual average basis, it accounts for only about 20% of the estimated lifetime risk.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cupitt, L T
AU  - Glen, W G
AU  - Lewtas, J
AD  - Methods Research and Development Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 75
EP  - 84
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Meteorological data
KW  - composite materials
KW  - Atmospheric pollution models
KW  - Atmospheric pollution
KW  - Organic matter
KW  - Wood
KW  - Particulates
KW  - Pollution surveys
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Filters
KW  - USA, Idaho
KW  - Meteorology
KW  - Seasonal variability
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - M2 551.510.42:Air Pollution (551.510.42)
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Meteorological data; Atmospheric pollution; Atmospheric pollution models; Seasonal variability; Lung cancer; Inhalation; Filters; Historical account; composite materials; Organic matter; Wood; Meteorology; Particulates; Pollution surveys; Cancer; Combustion; USA, Idaho
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gene activation studied by immunological methods.
AN  - 21251343; 11703564
AB  - Gene activation can be studied at several levels: transcription (mRNA), translation (proteins), or phenotypical alterations (functional activity or morphology). These levels can be studied in situ or biochemically by the use of specific probes for normal or altered DNA, mRNA, or proteins. Immunological probes are potent tools for studies of alterations induced by xenobiotics in target organs. When the effects of xenobiotics are studied in whole tissue, the cellular heterogeneity of the organ must be taken into account. For this reason, combined in situ and biochemical techniques are necessary. Antibodies to normal or altered cellular constituents are used for identification, quantitation, and cellular localization of proteins and modified DNA. Many xenobiotics alter gene activation by interactions with DNA. After activation, 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) forms DNA adducts, which can be identified immunologically. Combined with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) pulse labeling, techniques have been developed to demonstrate reduced adduct concentrations in proliferating cells and preneoplastic foci in the livers of AAF-fed rats. Carcinogen-induced DNA modifications are implicated as a major mechanism of altered gene activation in neoplasia, leading to phenotypical alterations. Also, cellular differentiation may be affected by xenobiotics. Differentiation-associated markers can be used for studies of gene activation. In mouse skin, the keratins K1 and K10 are only expressed in suprabasal, differentiating cells. BrdU pulse chase experiments combined with double immunofluorescence have revealed that K1 and K10 are sequentially turned on 18 to 24 hr after DNA synthesis and are followed by suprabasal migration. After a single application of the tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), cell migration starts directly after mitosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 1. Figure 2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Huitfeldt, H S
AU  - Heyden, A
AU  - Skarpen, E
AU  - Thrane, E V
AU  - Schwarze, P E
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 205
EP  - 207
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - migration
KW  - Skin
KW  - Biochemistry
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - tumors
KW  - Xenobiotics
KW  - Organs
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; migration; Skin; Biochemistry; DNA; Proteins; tumors; Xenobiotics; Organs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - DNA adducts and carcinogenicity of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
AN  - 21251203; 11701651
AB  - We have been interested in the structure-activity relationships of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs), and have focused on the correlation of structural and electronic features with biological activities, including mutagenicity and tumorigenicity. In our studies, we have emphasized 1-, 2-, 3-, and 6-nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes (nitro-B[a]Ps) and related compounds, all of which are derived from the potent carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene. While 1-, 2-, and 3-nitro-B[a]P are potent mutagens in Salmonella, 6-nitro-B[a]P is a weak mutagen. In vitro metabolism of 1- and 3-nitro-B[a]P has been found to generate multiple pathways for mutagenic activation. The formation of the corresponding trans-7,8-dihydrodiols and 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrotetrols suggests that 1- and 3-nitro-B[a]P trans-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides are ultimate metabolites of the parent nitro-B[a]Ps. We have isolated a DNA adduct from the reaction between 3-nitro-B[a]P trans-7,8-diol-anti9,10-epoxide and calf thymus DNA, and identified it as 10-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-7,8,9-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-3-ni tro-B[a]P . The same adduct was identified from in vitro metabolism of [3H]3-nitro-B[a]P by rat liver microsomes in the presence of calf thymus DNA. A DNA adduct of 3-nitro-B[a]P formed from reaction of N-hydroxy-3-amino-B[a]P, prepared in situ with calf thymus DNA was also isolated. This adduct was identified as 6-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-3-amino-B[a]P. The same adduct was obtained from incubating DNA with 3-nitro-B[a]P in the presence of the mammalian nitroeductase, xanthine oxidase, and hypoxanthine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fu, P P
AU  - Herreno-Saenz, D
AU  - Von Tungeln, L S
AU  - Lay, J O
AU  - Wu, Y S
AU  - Lai, J S
AU  - Evans, F E
AD  - Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 177
EP  - 183
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Calf thymus
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - structure-activity relationships
KW  - Microsomes
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Tumorigenicity
KW  - Xanthine oxidase
KW  - DNA
KW  - Liver
KW  - Benzo(a)pyrene
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Structure-activity relationships
KW  - aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - J 02320:Cell Biology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calf thymus; DNA adducts; Mutagens; Mutagenicity; Microsomes; Tumorigenicity; Metabolites; Carcinogens; Carcinogenicity; Xanthine oxidase; Liver; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Benzo(a)pyrene; Structure-activity relationships; structure-activity relationships; DNA; Metabolism; aromatic hydrocarbons; Salmonella
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Glass fiber manufacturing and fiber safety: the producer's perspective.
AN  - 21251168; 11701630
AB  - Historically, the potential health effects of airborne fibers have been associated with the dose, dimension, and durability. Increasing focus is being placed on the latter category. Concern about airborne fiber safety could be reduced by manufacturing fibers that are not respirable; however, due to performance and manufacturing constraints on glasswool insulations, this is not possible today. These products are an important part of today's economy and as a major manufacturer, Owens-Corning is committed to producing and marketing materials that are both safe and effective in their intended use. To this end, manufacturing technology seeks to produce materials that generate low concentrations of airborne fibers, thus minimizing exposure and irritation. The range of fiber diameters is controlled to assure effective product performance and, as far as possible, to minimize respirability. Glass compositions are designed to allow effective fiber forming and ultimate product function. Fiber dissolution is primarily a function of composition; this too, can be controlled within certain constraints. Coupled with these broad parameters is an extensive product stewardship program to assure the safety of these materials. This article will discuss the factors that influence glasswool insulation production, use, and safety.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bender, J R
AU  - Hadley, J G
AD  - Owens-Corning, Toledo, Ohio 43659.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 37
EP  - 40
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Historical account
KW  - marketing
KW  - Economics
KW  - Technology
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Fibers; marketing; Economics; Technology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicological and epidemiological evidence for health risks from inhaled engine emissions.
AN  - 21251035; 11703547
AB  - Information from toxicological and epidemiological studies of the cancer and noncancer health risks from inhaled diesel engine exhaust (DE) and gasoline engine exhaust (GE) was reviewed. The toxicological database is more extensive for DE than for GE. Animal studies have shown that heavy, chronic exposures to both DE and GE can cause lung pathology and associated physiological effects. Inhaled GE has not been shown to be carcinogenic in animals. Chronically inhaled DE at high concentrations is a pulmonary carcinogen in rats, but the response is questionable in mice and negative in Syrian hamsters. The response in rats is probably not attributable to the DE soot-associated organic compounds, as previously assumed, and the usefulness of the rat data for predicting risk in humans is uncertain. Experimental human exposures to DE show that lung inflammatory and other cellular effects can occur after single exposures, and sparse data suggest that occupational exposures might affect respiratory function and symptoms. Epidemiology suggests that heavy occupational exposures to exhaust probably increase the risks for mortality from both lung cancer and noncancer pulmonary disease. The small magnitudes of the increases in these risks make the studies very sensitive to confounding factors and uncertainties of exposure; thus, it may not be possible to resolve exposure-response relationships conclusively by epidemiology. Our present knowledge suggests that heavy occupational exposures to DE and GE are hazardous but does not allow quantitative estimates of risk with a high degree of certainty.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mauderly, J L
AD  - Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 165
EP  - 171
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Pathology
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - Physiology
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Rats
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Chronic exposure
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Risk factors
KW  - Emissions
KW  - Respiratory function
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Exhaust emissions
KW  - Lung cancer
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Lung diseases
KW  - Mice
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Exhausts
KW  - Inflammation
KW  - Databases
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Diesel
KW  - Organic compounds
KW  - Diesel engines
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Data processing; Gasoline; Lung diseases; Carcinogens; Inflammation; Exhausts; Databases; Epidemiology; Chronic exposure; Risk factors; Reviews; Dose-response effects; Diesel; Organic compounds; Respiratory function; Occupational exposure; Lung cancer; Risk assessment; Pathology; Physiology; Mice; Cancer; Rats; Carcinogenicity; Emissions; Diesel engines; Exhaust emissions
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cytosolic activation of aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Inhibition by dicoumarol and enhancement in viral hepatitis B.
AN  - 21249916; 11701643
AB  - The aromatic amines 2-aminofluorene (2AF), 2-acetylaminofluorene, and 2-aminoanthracene, and the heterocyclic amines 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline, and 3-amino-1-methyl-SH-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) were activated by rat liver cytosolic fractions to form mutagenic metabolites in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA98NR, and TA98/1,8-DNP6. In the case of the Trp-P-2, the cytosolic activation was even more potent than the microsomal activation, which is classically ascribed to N-hydroxylation and subsequent esterification. The cytosolic activation was a) NADPH-dependent, b) induced by pretreatment of rats with 3-methylcholanthrene and especially Aroclor 1254 but not by phenobarbital, and c) inhibited by dicoumarol. The hypothesis is that, following a preliminary oxidative step in the cytosol (pure cytosolic activation) or in microsomes via prostaglandin H synthase (mixed microsomal-cytosolic activation), an oxidized intermediate of amino compounds may serve as substrate for DT diaphorase activity and bielectronically reduced to the corresponding N-hydroxyamino derivative. Purified DT diaphorase, in the presence of either NADPH or NADH as electron donor, produced mutagenic derivatives from IQ and Trp-P-2. An NADPH-dependent activation of Trp-P-2 also occurred in the liver cytosol of woodchucks (Marmota monax), but was not inhibited by dicoumarol. As previously demonstrated with liver S-12 fractions in both humans and woodchucks, the cytosolic activation of Trp-P-2 was enhanced in animals affected by hepatitis B virus infection. This enhanced metabolism, which persisted even after appearance of primary hepatocellular carcinoma in virus carriers, is likely to be ascribed to mechanisms other than DT diaphorase induction, such as glutathione depletion.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - De Flora, S
AU  - Bennicelli, C
AU  - D'Agostini, F
AU  - Izzotti, A
AU  - Camoirano, A
AD  - Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 69
EP  - 74
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - 2-Aminofluorene
KW  - Heterocyclic amines
KW  - Phenobarbital
KW  - Glutathione
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - hepatitis B
KW  - Infection
KW  - Rats
KW  - amines
KW  - infection
KW  - Hepatitis B
KW  - Aroclor 1254
KW  - intelligence
KW  - Hepatocellular carcinoma
KW  - prostaglandin H synthase
KW  - Microsomes
KW  - Hepatitis B virus
KW  - NADH
KW  - 3-Methylcholanthrene
KW  - Marmota monax
KW  - Salmonella typhimurium
KW  - Amines
KW  - 2-Aminoanthracene
KW  - NADP
KW  - Intelligence
KW  - Esterification
KW  - Liver
KW  - Cytosol
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - J 02400:Human Diseases
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - V 22400:Human Diseases
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2-Aminofluorene; prostaglandin H synthase; Heterocyclic amines; Phenobarbital; Microsomes; Glutathione; NADH; 3-Methylcholanthrene; Metabolites; 2-Aminoanthracene; Infection; NADP; Intelligence; amines; Esterification; Cytosol; Hepatitis B; Aroclor 1254; Aromatics; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Rats; infection; Liver; hepatitis B; Amines; Metabolism; intelligence; Hepatitis B virus; Marmota monax; Salmonella typhimurium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hemoglobin binding of arylamines and nitroarenes: molecular dosimetry and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AN  - 21249873; 11704914
AB  - N-Oxidation and nitroreduction to yield N-hydroxyarylamines are metabolic steps that are crucial for the genotoxic properties of aromatic amines and nitroarenes, respectively. N-Hydroxyarylamines can form adducts with DNA, tissue proteins, and the blood proteins albumin and hemoglobin in a dose-dependent manner. The determination of hemoglobin adducts is a useful tool for biomonitoring exposed populations. We have established the hemoglobin binding index (HBI) [(mmole compound/mole Hb)/(mmole compound/kg body weight)] of several aromatic amines and nitroarenes in female Wistar rats. Incorporating values obtained by other researchers in the same rat strain, the logarithm of hemoglobin binding (log HBI) was plotted against several physicochemical parameters and against calculated electronic descriptors of nitroarenes and arylamines. Most arylamines and nitroarenes form hydrolyzable (e.g., sulfinamide) adducts with hemoglobin in rats. The amount of hemoglobin binding decreases with the oxidizability of the arylamines, except for compounds that are substituted with halogens in ortho or meta position. For halogen-substituted arylamines, the amount of hemoglobin binding is directly proportional to the pKa. Hemoglobin binding of nitroarenes increases with the reducibility of the nitro group. The structure activity relationships (SAR) for hemoglobin binding of nitroarenes and arylamines are comparable. The SAR found for hemoglobin binding were compared with the SAR found in the literature for mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and cytotoxicity of arylamines and nitroarenes. In general, the mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of arylamines increases with their oxidizability. This first set of data suggests that the levels of hemoglobin binding, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity of arylamines are not determined by the same electronic properties of the compounds, or not by these properties alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sabbioni, G
AD  - Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wurzburg, Germany.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 61
EP  - 67
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - structure-activity relationships
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Amines
KW  - body weight
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Rats; structure-activity relationships; Mutagenicity; Carcinogenicity; Dosimetry; Proteins; Amines; body weight
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Polymorphism of human acetyltransferases.
AN  - 21249844; 11703571
AB  - Acetylation by arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) is a major route in the metabolism of numerous drugs and carcinogens. Recent studies suggest that the same enzymes also catalyze N,O-transacetylation and O-acetylation. A genetic polymorphism of clinical relevance divides the human population into slow and rapid acetylators of arylamines. Two human NATs, NAT1 and NAT2, have recently been characterized by protein purification, cloning, and functional expression of the respective genes; both were localized to chromosome 8. NAT1 codes for a protein with ubiquitous tissue distribution and a high affinity for p-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid, so-called monomorphic substrates. NAT2 codes for a protein predominantly expressed in liver with a high affinity for sulfamethazine and other polymorphically metabolized drugs. NAT2 was analyzed at the level of protein, RNA and DNA derived from phenotyped slow and rapid acetylators. Two common (M1, M2) and one rare (M3) mutant allele were identified and their mutations characterized. A simple polymerase chain reaction-based DNA test can identify > 95% of mutant alleles and predict the phenotype.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Meyer, U A
AD  - Biocenter of the University of Basel, Switzerland.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 213
EP  - 216
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - DNA
KW  - Cloning
KW  - Liver
KW  - Proteins
KW  - human populations
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Mutants
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249844?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Polymorphism+of+human+acetyltransferases.&rft.au=Meyer%2C+U+A&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chromosomes; Liver; Cloning; DNA; Proteins; human populations; Drugs; Metabolism; Mutants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence for direct-acting oxidative genotoxicity by reduction products of azo dyes.
AN  - 21249840; 11703566
AB  - The intestinal flora forms a complex ecosystem that metabolizes dietary and endogenous nutrients under primarily anaerobic conditions. The ingestion of azo dyes has been proposed as one source of potential genotoxic agents. Many intestinal bacteria are able to reduce the azo bond (termed azofission), which liberates the substituted naphthol compounds. The standard Ames test has not demonstrated mutagenicity either by various common food colorings or by their reduced end products in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. In contrast, genetic toxicity was demonstrated in the Escherichia coli differential kill assay and in S. typhimurium TA102 for the reduced dyes. The superoxide free radical was produced by the azo dyes only after reduction by the intestinal bacteria Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sweeney, E A
AU  - Chipman, J K
AU  - Forsythe, S J
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, England.
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 119
EP  - 122
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - AMES test
KW  - Food
KW  - Nutrients
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Diets
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
KW  - flora
KW  - Azo dyes
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Enterococcus faecalis
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Salmonella typhimurium
KW  - Ingestion
KW  - Anaerobic conditions
KW  - Ames test
KW  - Intestinal microflora
KW  - Dyes
KW  - Superoxide
KW  - Intestine
KW  - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy
KW  - A 01330:Food Microbiology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249840?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+direct-acting+oxidative+genotoxicity+by+reduction+products+of+azo+dyes.&rft.au=Sweeney%2C+E+A%3BChipman%2C+J+K%3BForsythe%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Sweeney&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intestinal microflora; Mutagenicity; Dyes; Azo dyes; Food; Superoxide; Free radicals; Genotoxicity; Intestine; Nutrients; Ames test; Anaerobic conditions; Diets; flora; AMES test; Toxicity; Ingestion; Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron; Escherichia coli; Enterococcus faecalis; Salmonella typhimurium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Local action plans for sustainable communities
AN  - 20807205; 10905246
AB  - This paper traces the origin of the "local action plan for sustainable development" that has become increasingly important for cities and municipalities since the United Nations Earth Summit (also called the UN Conference on Environment and Development, UNCED) in June 1992. It describes the response in the United Kingdom and at the World Bank and discusses guidelines for undertaking a local action plan, including the principles that underlie it, the content, the main actors and the implementation.
JF  - Environment and Urbanization
AU  - Parenteau, Rene
AD  - CUC-AIT, Asian Institute of Technology, Division of Human Settlements, GPO 2754, Bangkok 10501, THAILAND
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 183
EP  - 199
PB  - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
SN  - 0956-2478, 0956-2478
KW  - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Development projects
KW  - Urbanization
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - Land use
KW  - guidelines
KW  - United Nations
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - ENA 08:International
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20807205?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+and+Urbanization&rft.atitle=Local+action+plans+for+sustainable+communities&rft.au=Parenteau%2C+Rene&rft.aulast=Parenteau&rft.aufirst=Rene&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+and+Urbanization&rft.issn=09562478&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F095624789400600211
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Development projects; Conferences; Urbanization; guidelines; Sustainable development; United Nations; Land use
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095624789400600211
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Committee Activities of the Select Committee on Intelligence, United States Senate, January 4, 1993 to December 1, 1994
AN  - 1679146592; CO02037
AB  - Submits report of activities of Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, during January 4, 1993-December 1, 1994, including legislation drafted, recommendations on arms control and other matters, and oversight hearings and investigations.
AU  - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence
AD  - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence
PY  - 1994
SP  - 36
KW  - Air reconnaissance
KW  - Bombings
KW  - Bosnia-Herzegovina
KW  - Central Intelligence Agency Headquarters' Shootings (1993)
KW  - Chemical Weapons Convention (1993)
KW  - China
KW  - Classification of information
KW  - Confirmation hearings
KW  - Congressional oversight
KW  - Counterintelligence
KW  - Counterterrorism
KW  - Covert operations
KW  - Cuba
KW  - Economic intelligence
KW  - Electronic intelligence
KW  - Environmental intelligence
KW  - Foreign intelligence
KW  - Government budgeting
KW  - Haiti
KW  - Information security
KW  - Intelligence cooperation
KW  - Intelligence oversight
KW  - Intelligence personnel
KW  - Intelligence training
KW  - Internal security
KW  - Kennedy, John F. Assassination (1963)
KW  - Korea (North)
KW  - Law enforcement
KW  - Laws and regulations
KW  - North American Free Trade Agreement (1994)
KW  - Nuclear nonproliferation
KW  - On-site inspection
KW  - Organized crime
KW  - Photographic intelligence
KW  - Remote sensing
KW  - Russia
KW  - Signals intelligence
KW  - Somalia
KW  - Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty II (1993)
KW  - Tactical Intelligence and Related Activities Program
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Ukraine
KW  - Unmanned aerial vehicles
KW  - World Trade Center Bombing (1993)
KW  - Boren, David L.
KW  - Clinton, William J.
KW  - Metzenbaum, Howard M.
KW  - Chafee, John H.
KW  - Warner, John William
KW  - Ames, Aldrich H.
KW  - Woolsey, R. James
KW  - DeConcini, Dennis
KW  - Graham, Robert
KW  - Kennedy, John F.
KW  - Clapper, James R., Jr.
KW  - Cohen, William S.
KW  - Boren, David L.
KW  - Clinton, William J.
KW  - Metzenbaum, Howard M.
KW  - Chafee, John H.
KW  - Warner, John William
KW  - Ames, Aldrich H.
KW  - Woolsey, R. James
KW  - DeConcini, Dennis
KW  - Graham, Robert
KW  - Kennedy, John F.
KW  - Clapper, James R., Jr.
KW  - Cohen, William S.
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Committee+Activities+of+the+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence%2C+United+States+Senate%2C+January+4%2C+1993+to+December+1%2C+1994&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160418763&rft.btitle=Public+Elementary+and+Secondary+State+Aggregate+Data%2C+by+State+for+School+Years+1991-92+and+1990-91.+E.D.+TABS.&rft.title=Public+Elementary+and+Secondary+State+Aggregate+Data%2C+by+State+for+School+Years+1991-92+and+1990-91.+E.D.+TABS.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons; United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Congress; United States. Department of Agriculture; United States. Department of Commerce; United States. Department of Defense; United States. Department of the Interior; United States. Department of Transportation; United States. Environmental Protection Agency; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation; United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; United States. National Archives and Records Administration; United States. National Reconnaissance Office; United States. National Security Agency/Central Security Service; United States. White House
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Report
N1  - People - Ames, Aldrich H.; Boren, David L.; Chafee, John H.; Clapper, James R., Jr.; Clinton, William J.; Cohen, William S.; DeConcini, Dennis; Graham, Robert; Kennedy, John F.; Metzenbaum, Howard M.; Warner, John William; Woolsey, R. James
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Legislative Oversight of Intelligence Activities: The U.S. Experience
AN  - 1679145133; CO02036
AB  - Describes structure, operation, functions, evolution, and other aspects of U.S. intelligence oversight system.
AU  - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence
AD  - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence
PY  - 1994
SP  - 162
KW  - Banca Nazionale del Lavoro (Atlanta) Investigation (1989-)
KW  - Central America
KW  - Central Intelligence Agency Act (1949)
KW  - Classified Information Procedures Act (1980)
KW  - Cold War (1945-1991)
KW  - Confirmation hearings
KW  - Congressional investigations
KW  - Congressional oversight
KW  - Covert operations
KW  - Executive Order 12036 (1978)
KW  - Executive Order 12333 (1981)
KW  - Executive power
KW  - Foreign intelligence
KW  - Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (1978)
KW  - Government budgeting
KW  - Information access
KW  - Information security
KW  - Intelligence Identities Protection Act (1980)
KW  - Intelligence oversight
KW  - Intelligence Oversight Act (1980)
KW  - Iran-Contra Affair (1985-1994)
KW  - Laws and regulations
KW  - National Security Act (1947)
KW  - Organizational structure
KW  - Political history
KW  - Surveillance
KW  - Treaties
KW  - Clinton, William J.
KW  - Carter, Jimmy
KW  - Casey, William J.
KW  - Reagan, Ronald W.
KW  - Gates, Robert M.
KW  - Bush, George H.W.
KW  - Clinton, William J.
KW  - Carter, Jimmy
KW  - Casey, William J.
KW  - Reagan, Ronald W.
KW  - Gates, Robert M.
KW  - Bush, George H.W.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679145133?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Legislative+Oversight+of+Intelligence+Activities%3A+The+U.S.+Experience&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Intelligence; United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities; United States. Director of Central Intelligence; United States. President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Report
N1  - People - Bush, George H.W.; Carter, Jimmy; Casey, William J.; Clinton, William J.; Gates, Robert M.; Reagan, Ronald W.
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Concepts, Issues, and Experience in the Abakaliki Area, Nigeria
AN  - 14357769; 10491963
AB  - Health problems are exacerbated by low income. In a socioeconomically depressed agrarian area of Nigeria, several environmental health problems exist and are reviewed. The water is contaminated by parasites and by zinc and metals from nearby mining operations. It is near a polluting cement factory. Population increases have caused farming to intensify with dwindling yields. The status of health, nutrition, sanitation, and housing have declined despite massive planning efforts. Long-term help from developed countries was placed at risk by the economic downturn of the 1980s. The goal of the aid agencies should be to develop the capacity to handle health problems within the developing country.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chukwuma, Chrysanthus
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 854
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SANITATION
KW  - NIGERIA
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - DEVELOPING NATIONS
KW  - HEALTH, ENV
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14357769?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Concepts%2C+Issues%2C+and+Experience+in+the+Abakaliki+Area%2C+Nigeria&rft.au=Chukwuma%2C+Chrysanthus&rft.aulast=Chukwuma&rft.aufirst=Chrysanthus&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=854&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 39 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SANITATION; NIGERIA; PUBLIC HEALTH; DEVELOPING NATIONS; HEALTH, ENV
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Tobacco Smoke Is Just as Damaging to DNA as Mainstream Smoke
AN  - 14357711; 10491965
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bermudez, Eliezer
AU  - Stone, Koni
AU  - Carter, Kristine M
AU  - Pryor, William A
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 870
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - ENZYMES
KW  - AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE
KW  - DNA
KW  - GLUTATHIONE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14357711?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Tobacco+Smoke+Is+Just+as+Damaging+to+DNA+as+Mainstream+Smoke&rft.au=Bermudez%2C+Eliezer%3BStone%2C+Koni%3BCarter%2C+Kristine+M%3BPryor%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Bermudez&rft.aufirst=Eliezer&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=870&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENZYMES; AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE; DNA; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; CIGARETTE SMOKE; GLUTATHIONE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Alternatives to Incineration: There's More Than One Way to Remediate
AN  - 14357155; 10491962
AB  - Several alternatives to incineration for hazardous waste disposal are presented. Thermal desorption is used to remediate soil at the site of gas plants. Initially, soil is placed in hoppers under anaerobic conditions to rid it of segregated effluents. Next, water and volatiles are driven off in a distillation chamber, followed by a high temperature treatment to vaporize organic compounds with high boiling points. Medical waste can be disinfected by microwaving, a step that is preceded by shredding and steam injection. The cost of vitrification has recently dropped. In this process the waste is turned into glass, which can be reused. Bioremediation uses bacteria to degrade hazardous chemicals, such as the pesticide, Dinoseb. Waste minimization can be used to reduce the amount of material needing disposal. Several technologies developed under the Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation are listed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pellerin, Cheryl
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 840
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
KW  - WASTE, MEDICAL
KW  - VITRIFICATION
KW  - WASTE DISPOSAL
KW  - BIODEGRADATION
KW  - DISINFECTION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14357155?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Alternatives+to+Incineration%3A+There%27s+More+Than+One+Way+to+Remediate&rft.au=Pellerin%2C+Cheryl&rft.aulast=Pellerin&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=840&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - WASTE DISPOSAL; HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT; WASTE, MEDICAL; VITRIFICATION; DISINFECTION; BIODEGRADATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Silica Particles from Alveolar Macrophages of Coal Miners
AN  - 14356300; 10491964
AB  - Chemical microanalysis and electron microscopy of particles containing silica obtained from the lungs of three miners and of respirable particles from samples taken from mines showed that the lungs contained particles that were structurally different than those found in mines. Quartz-based particles found in the lung tended to be highly pure. Morphology and composition of particles was also different in each of the miners, who had different health histories. One worker had black lung disease, one showed signs of pneumoconiosis, and one was considered to be normal. Individual susceptibility to pneumoconiosis from silica exposure may depend on intercellular mechanisms.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rainey, Lenore C
AU  - Bolsaitis, Peter
AU  - Dirsa, Barbara
AU  - Vander Sande, John B
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 862
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SILICATES
KW  - PNEUMOCONIOSIS
KW  - PULMONARY EFFECTS
KW  - RESPIRABLE DUST
KW  - QUARTZ
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14356300?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Characterization+by+Scanning+Transmission+Electron+Microscopy+of+Silica+Particles+from+Alveolar+Macrophages+of+Coal+Miners&rft.au=Rainey%2C+Lenore+C%3BBolsaitis%2C+Peter%3BDirsa%2C+Barbara%3BVander+Sande%2C+John+B&rft.aulast=Rainey&rft.aufirst=Lenore&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=862&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SILICATES; PNEUMOCONIOSIS; PULMONARY EFFECTS; RESPIRABLE DUST; QUARTZ
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radio-Free America: What to Do with the Waste
AN  - 14350383; 10491960
AB  - Several methods have been explored for disposal of radioactive wastes generated during this century. Disposal in space has been abandoned, because of its expense and the risk. International law and recovery difficulties have eliminated burial in the ice of Antarctica as a solution. Seabed burial would render the wastes inaccessible, and is presently prohibited by international law, but remains an active area of investigation, although there is a risk of accidental release during transport. Geologic burial is favored by most countries having nuclear wastes, although there is risk of groundwater contamination, and release via human interference. Irradiated fuel can be separated from uranium and plutonium, but the expensive method increases the waste volume by 160 times. Transmutation, in which the waste is bombarded with neutrons to convert it to isotopes with shorter half-lives is being investigated in the US and Japan. Long-term storage in aboveground buildings is proposed by some nongovernmental entities, but is not being pursued because of the long-term commitment to human control, and risk of sabotage.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Breslin, Karen
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 832
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL
KW  - RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT
KW  - SEABED DISPOSAL
KW  - DISPOSAL METHODS
KW  - WASTE DISPOSAL, SUBSURFACE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14350383?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radio-Free+America%3A+What+to+Do+with+the+Waste&rft.au=Breslin%2C+Karen&rft.aulast=Breslin&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=832&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL; RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT; SEABED DISPOSAL; DISPOSAL METHODS; WASTE DISPOSAL, SUBSURFACE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Prevention of Environmentally Related Diseases
AN  - 14350190; 10491958
AB  - Several measures that could streamline efforts to identify human carcinogens in the environment are reviewed. Acceptance of mutagenicity as an indicator of probable carcinogenicity would allow for screening of more compounds, and building on present knowledge about structure activity relationships would allow for prediction of probable carcinogenicity. Agents other than industrial chemicals, such as UV light may contribute more to the total cancer rate, and should be explored to gain the greatest public health benefits. Similarly, the roles of diet, age, and behaviors that are related to cancer should be investigated. Models are needed for susceptibility to cancer and for human cancers. Adverse effects from environmental chemicals other than mutagenicity should be investigated.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barrett, JCarl
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 812
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - US NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENV HEALTH SCIENCES
KW  - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14350190?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prevention+of+Environmentally+Related+Diseases&rft.au=Barrett%2C+JCarl&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=JCarl&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 27 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - US NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENV HEALTH SCIENCES; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; PUBLIC HEALTH; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Two Steps Forward on Environmental Justice
AN  - 14349805; 10491961
AB  - In early 1994, President Clinton issued an executive order requiring federal agencies to ensure environmental justice for minority and poor communities. Task forces on data, implementation, interagency projects, outreach, research and health, enforcement and compliance, Native Americans, and definitions and standards were set up, and expected to develop strategies within four to six months. Agencies are required to have public meetings. Since the idea of environmental justice is new, and not everyone agrees that there is hard evidence of its existence, the early phase for almost every task force involved defining terms, and informing task force members. A National Environmental Justice Advisory Council, made up of 23 experts advises the task force.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Johnson, Pamela E
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 836
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - ENV JUSTICE
KW  - POLICY AND PLANNING
KW  - ENV ACTION, FEDERAL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14349805?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Two+Steps+Forward+on+Environmental+Justice&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Pamela+E&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=836&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLICY AND PLANNING; ENV JUSTICE; ENV ACTION, FEDERAL
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Creeping Suspicion about Radon
AN  - 14349748; 10491959
AB  - Radon exposure may cause as many as 15,000 lung cancer deaths annually in the US. This is approximately five times the rate of lung cancer deaths from tobacco smoke. Much of the risk comes from inhalation of radon decay products in the home environment, although 5% of the risk is from ingestion and inhalation of aerosol from groundwater. EPA is moving to limit radon in the water supply. About one third of the counties in the US are designated as having indoor levels above 4 pCi/l air. Although EPA still recommends short-term testing, long-term testing is more accurate, because of fluctuations caused by barometric pressure and temperature. Several Epidemiological risk assessment studies are underway, and are briefly described.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Alderson, Laura
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 826
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - UNITED STATES
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - RADON
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14349748?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Creeping+Suspicion+about+Radon&rft.au=Alderson%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Alderson&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; UNITED STATES; PUBLIC HEALTH; RADON
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Changes in Serial Blood Lead Levels During Pregnancy
AN  - 14346554; 10491966
AB  - Blood lead levels were followed from the twelfth week of pregnancy through parturition in more than 100 women residing in the Valley of Mexico. Mean concentration was 7.0 mu g/dl. Significant decreases in blood Pb levels were noted between the twelfth and twentieth week, after which significant increases were noted until parturition. The decrease could not be explained by the accompanying hematocrit decrease, although organ development and hemodilution might explain the phenomenon. The continuation of hemodilution and development do not explain the increases found during the latter part of pregnancy. Increased absorption by the gut, mobilization of lead in bone, and lead retention may be the cause of the elevation of blood lead levels. Offspring were normal.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rothenberg, Stephen J
AU  - Karchmer, Samuel
AU  - Schnaas, Lourdes
AU  - Perroni, Estela
AU  - Zea, Francisco
AU  - Alba, Julio Fernandez
Y1  - 1994/10//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Oct 1994
SP  - 876
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 10
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MEXICO
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14346554?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Changes+in+Serial+Blood+Lead+Levels+During+Pregnancy&rft.au=Rothenberg%2C+Stephen+J%3BKarchmer%2C+Samuel%3BSchnaas%2C+Lourdes%3BPerroni%2C+Estela%3BZea%2C+Francisco%3BAlba%2C+Julio+Fernandez&rft.aulast=Rothenberg&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEXICO; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; PREGNANCY; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design quo vadis? Strategies and Tools for the Future of European Design
AN  - 1311972478
JF  - Design Issues
Y1  - 1994///Fall
PY  - 1994
DA  - Fall 1994
SP  - 77
CY  - Chicago, Ill.
PB  - University of Illinois at Chicago
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
SN  - 0747-9360
KW  - Applied Arts
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1311972478?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+BALB%2Fc-3T3+Cells%3A+V.+Transformation+Responses+of+168+Chemicals+Compared+with+Mutagenicity+in+Salmonella+and+Carcinogenicity+in+Rodent+Bioassays&rft.au=Matthews%2C+Edwin+J%3BSpalding%2C+Judson+W%3BTennant%2C+Raymond+W&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
DB  - Periodicals Index Online
N1  - Last updated - 2013-02-25
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reforming and Consolidating Federal Job Training Programs. Hearing on Examining Proposals To Reform and Consolidate Federal Job Training Programs, before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62634250; ED385702
AB  - This hearing is a continuation of a bipartisan effort to consolidate, reform, and revitalize federally funded job training programs. Testimony includes statements of U.S. senators and individuals representing the following: National Association of State Job Training Coordinating Council and Human Resource Investment Council; American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees (AFSCME); Focus: HOPE, Detroit, Michigan; Federal Reserve Bank of Boston; National Association of Private Industry Councils; Tradeswomen of Purpose/Women in Nontraditional Work; and Eastman Kodak Co. (YLB)
Y1  - 1994/09/28/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Sep 28
SP  - 76
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160460603
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Programs
KW  - Labor Force Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62634250?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Improving America's Schools Act, Conference Report (To Accompany H.R. 6). House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62629104; ED386266
AB  - This report from the United States House of Representatives presents the complete amended version of the House bill to extend for 5 years the authorizations of appropriations for the programs under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The current reauthorization bill is known as the "Improving America's Schools Act." The first half of the report is divided into five parts. Title I--Amendments to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965, is the largest section. It covers 13 sections of the ESEA, which include provisions for: (1) helping disadvantaged children meet high standards; (2) professional development; (3) technology for education; (4) safe and drug-free schools and communities; (5) promoting equity; (6) bilingual education and language acquisition; (7) impact aid; (8) Native American Education; and (9) the School Facilities Infrastructure Improvement Act. Title II covers Amendments to the General Education Provision Act. Title III covers amendments to other Acts affecting education, which include the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (also covering homeless children), and Goals 2000. Title IV covers provision for the National Education Statistics Act of 1994. Title V covers miscellaneous provisions. The remainder of the report provides a joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference as to the proposed changes to the original bill. (HTH)
Y1  - 1994/09/28/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Sep 28
SP  - 930
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Improving Americas Schools Act 1994
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Educational Facilities
KW  - High Risk Students
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Special Needs Students
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Educational Technology
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62629104?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Review of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Proposed Rule, "Nutrition Objectives for School Meals." Hearing before the Subcommittee on Department Operations and Nutrition of the Committee on Agriculture. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62736037; ED381286
AB  - These hearing transcripts provide testimony on a rule proposed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), "Nutrition Objectives for School Meals," that would require meals served under the national school lunch program to be consistent with federal dietary guidelines. The majority of the testimony addressed the content of school meals and efficacy of the proposed rule, either supporting the USDA's guidelines or calling for more local autonomy in planning meals to meet nutrition guidelines. Testimony was heard from: (1) Representatives Charles W. Stenholm, Pat Roberts, Steve Gunderson, and Dan Glickman; (2) Ellen Haas, the Assistant Secretary, Food and Consumer Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture; (3) the Wheat Foods Council; (4) the National Milk Producers Federation; (5) the American Cancer Society; (6) the Society for Nutrition Education; (7) the National Food Processors Association; (8) the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports; (9) the Food Research and Action Center; (10) the American School Food Services Association; (11) the National Parent-Teacher Association; (12) Public Voice for Food and Health Policy; (13) the National Cattlemen's Association; (14) the United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association; (15) the Canadian Pediatric Society; (16) the American Heart Association; (17) the California Department of Education; (18) the Produce Marketing Association; and (19) the International Dairy Foods Association. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/09/07/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Sep 07
SP  - 301
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160466644
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Department of Agriculture
KW  - Nutritional Trends
KW  - Trade Associations
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Program Attitudes
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Lunch Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Nutrition
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62736037?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains many pages of small print. Serial No. 103
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Prisoners of Time: Research. What We Know and What We Need To Know.
AN  - 62745854; ED378685
AB  - The Education Council Act of 1991 Established the National Education Commission on Time and Learning as an independent advisory body and called for a comprehensive review of the relationship between time and learning in American schools. The commission's report, released in May 1994, found that school reform is destined to founder unless programs provide time for learning. This document is a supplementary volume to the first report, summarizing research and suggesting an agenda for further research. Section I, comprised of four chapters, summarizes research findings considered by the commission. These chapters review research regarding four of the commission's substantive recommendations: (1) reclaim the academic day; (2) fix the design flaw; (3) keep schools open to meet the needs of children and communities; and (4) give teachers professional time and opportunities. The second section outlines a number of critical questions asked by the commission for which little or inadequate information was available. It returns to the four major concerns of the preceding chapters and specifies further information needed in these areas. Two figures are included. (Contains 116 references.) (LMI)
AU  - Kane, Cheryl M.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 61
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Nongraded Instructional Grouping
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Flexible Progression
KW  - Classroom Techniques
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Time Factors (Learning)
KW  - Scheduling
KW  - Extended School Year
KW  - Extended School Day
KW  - Time Management
KW  - Time on Task
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745854?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see EA 026 454 and ED 366 1
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Prisoners of Time. Schools and Programs Making Time Work for Students and Teachers.
AN  - 62745810; ED378686
AB  - The Education Council Act of 1991 established the National Education Commission on Time and Learning as an independent advisory body and called for a comprehensive review of the relationship between time and learning in U.S. schools. This document serves as a supplementary volume to the commission's first report released in May 1994, which found that most school-reform designs are structurally flawed by their adherence to a traditional school calendar. This volume describes innovative approaches to the use of school time. It provides nearly 40 examples of exemplary efforts to make better use of available time and extend the amount of time students spend learning. The brief program descriptions are from 15 elementary schools, 15 middle and senior high schools, 4 districtwide efforts, and 6 special programs. They include public and private schools in rural, urban, and suburban areas from 26 states. Information for reaching contact persons is provided. A review of the programs indicates that many different kinds of schools and districts have already implemented many of the commission's recommendations. The most common approaches in descending order include: (1) redesigning available time; (2) employing technology; (3) extending the school day or year; (4) providing time for professional development; and (5) providing support services for children or families. Finally, the approaches to the redesign of time usage differ by school level. (LMI)
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 64
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Instructional Improvement
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Time Factors (Learning)
KW  - Scheduling
KW  - Extended School Year
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Extended School Day
KW  - Time Management
KW  - Time on Task
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745810?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see EA 026 453 and ED 366 1
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Creating a Government That Works Better & Costs Less. Status Report. Report of the National Performance Review.
AN  - 62745514; ED384295
AB  - This publication reports on progress 1 year into the Clinton Administration's "Reinventing Government" initiative, a long-term effort at significantly revamping the federal government's operations. A preliminary chapter notes the culture change involved in the reinvention process. Individual chapters then report progress for each of the four principles underlying the initiative. These are: putting customers first, empowering employees to get results, cutting red tape, and cutting back to basics. A final chapter identifies continuing challenges in the reinvention process. Appendices detail the status of major recommendations by agency and those affecting governmental systems, summarize savings to date, and list presidential and congressional actions taken to date. As an example, in reporting on the status of 12 recommendations for the Department of Education, the report notes such achievements as: implementation of a comprehensive planning process to improve department-wide programs and internal management; reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; implementation of a new direct student loan program that will save taxpayers about $4.3 billion over the first 5 years, and $1 billion each year thereafter; significant progress in debt collection; implementation of a "one-stop shopping" approach for information dissemination and assistance; encouragement of employees to adopt individual development plans and to use performance measurement in implementing department policy; and identification and elimination of 64 cumbersome, ineffective rules by a"Low Hanging Apples Team." (JB)
AU  - Gore, Al
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 123
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - Clinton Administration
KW  - Debt Collection
KW  - Department of Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - National Performance Review
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Institutional Administration
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Program Termination
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Staff Development
KW  - Eligibility
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Public Agencies
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Institutional Evaluation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Cost Effectiveness
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Organizational Change
KW  - Research Administration
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745514?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - The twelve recommendations pertaining to the U.S.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Putting Customers First: Standards for Serving the American People.
AN  - 62745274; ED384296
AB  - This document, part of the Clinton Administration's "Reinventing Government" initiative involving a long-term, significant revamping of the federal bureaucracy, presents a comprehensive set of published customer service standards for the United States Government. It presents more than 1,500 standards representing commitments from more than 100 federal agencies for the following customer groups: beneficiaries; business; the general public; law enforcement; natural resource management; the research and academic community; states, localities, and other partners; travelers, tourists, and outdoor enthusiasts; the U.S. Government and federal employees; and veterans. The text of Executive Order 12862 and of the customer service standards are provided in appendices. As an example, with regard to the Department of Education as it serves the general public and the research/academic community, individuals and institutions should expect to receive: individual attention and prompt, professional service; an effort to meet customer needs and expectations; information that is timely, dependable, and accurate; easy access to services and information; and every opportunity to offer input and feedback. Other customer service standards related to education are presented here for Goals 2000, Impact Aid, the Office for Civil Rights, and the Student Financial Assistance program. As the Department serves the research and academic community they can expect the same general standards and the same specific standards for the Goals 2000, Impact Aid, Office for Civil Rights, and Students Financial Assistance program. (JB)
AU  - Clinton, Bill
AU  - Gore, Al
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 152
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - Clinton Administration
KW  - Customer Services
KW  - Department of Education
KW  - Federal Employees
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Impact Aid
KW  - National Performance Review
KW  - Office for Civil Rights
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Institutional Administration
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Government Employees
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Public Agencies
KW  - Institutional Evaluation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Standards
KW  - Organizational Effectiveness
KW  - Research Administration
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745274?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Material pertaining to the U.S. Department of Educ
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Campus Security: A First Look at Promising Practices.
AN  - 62744732; ED374756
AB  - This booklet is designed to assist colleges and universities as they develop policies, procedures, and programs to increase safety, respond appropriately to victims of crime, and fully comply with federal requirements established by the Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act of 1990. Part 1 presents 11 topics for helping define comprehensive, exemplary campus security programs. Topics include: statement of behavioral expectations by chief officers of the institution; a plan for timely dissemination of information; effective campus security organization and personnel; services designed to foster safety through prevention; security-sensitive physical plant design and maintenance; a fair, just, clearly articulated judicial system; victims' assistance programs; special considerations for residence halls; special attention to more volatile areas; good campus-community relations; and campus crises prevention and response plan. Part 2 presents some examples of practices, shared by campus officials across the country, that may be helpful to other colleges and universities, categorized according to Part 1's topic areas. Appendix A lists the schools cited in the report. Appendix B lists resources in the field of campus security. (JDD)
AU  - Kirkland, Connie J.
AU  - Siegel, Dorothy G.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 49
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington DC 20402-9328 (Stock No. 065-000-00681-2).
SN  - 0160452406
KW  - Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Crime Prevention
KW  - Safety
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - School Security
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Colleges
KW  - School Policy
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Compliance (Legal)
KW  - Campuses
KW  - Universities
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62744732?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Labor's Key Role in Workplace Training.
AN  - 62743643; ED382762
AB  - AFL-CIO unions representing a wide range of workers in virtually every sector of the economy have teamed with employers to develop and sustain successful programs resulting in better trained, more productive workers. Joint training and education programs come in various forms and offer a wide range of services depending on the industry and worker and employer needs. The United Automobile and Aerospace Workers union has joined forces with Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors to develop programs that allow workers to upgrade skills, further their education, and seek assistance in personal and work-related matters. The most well-known programs involving the Communications Workers of America and International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers are the Alliance for Employee Growth and Development and the Enhanced Training Opportunities Program. Other joint programs include the following: Service Employees International Union's strategies aimed at expanding upward mobility opportunities; Education Fund of the American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees; efforts of the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers ranging from full-scale high performance work organization efforts to efforts to assist displaced workers; the Institute for Career Development of the United Steelworkers of America; and programs in the maritime trades and paper industry. The Wisconsin Regional Training Partnership, a partnership among government, industry, and labor, is an attempt to establish a labor market board for Milwaukee, Wisconsin. (YLB)
AU  - Roberts, Markley
AU  - Wozniak, Robert
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 24
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Cooperative Programs
KW  - Unions
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Career Development
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Labor Education
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Union Members
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Employer Employee Relationship
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Labor Force Development
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62743643?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Undergraduates Who Work While Enrolled in Postsecondary Education: 1989-90. Contractor Report. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62741837; ED374727
AB  - This report examines how much undergraduates work while enrolled in postsecondary education for the academic year 1989-90. It specifically addresses types of institutions they attended, educational experiences, and the relationship of their education cost and financial aid to the amount of time they worked while enrolled. The report presents data from the 1989-90 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study in narrative and tabular forms. Results suggest that not only are most undergraduates working while they are enrolled, a substantial number are working full time. Other highlights include: (1) about 75 percent of all (full and part time) undergraduates worked at some time during 1989-90 of which 40 percent reported working full time at some time while enrolled; (2) among undergraduates enrolled full time for a full academic year, about 22 percent worked full time at some time during their enrollment; (3) undergraduates who attended private, for-profit institutions were much less likely to work while enrolled (61 percent); (4) undergraduates who worked while enrolled were employed for most of their enrollment; (5) most undergraduates held jobs in the areas of administrative support, service occupations, blue collar occupations, marketing, and as sales clerks; and (6) women were less likely to work full time while enrolled than men. Includes a glossary and technical notes. (Contains 12 references.) (JB)
AU  - Horn, Laura
AU  - Maw, Carlyle
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 89
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-311
KW  - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Student Employment
KW  - Undergraduate Students
KW  - Employment Level
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Employment Statistics
KW  - Private Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Part Time Employment
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Economic Factors
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - College Students
KW  - Employment Patterns
KW  - Working Hours
KW  - Student Costs
KW  - State Colleges
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62741837?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Information Security and Privacy in Network Environments.
AN  - 62739962; ED375805
AB  - The use of information networks for business and government is expanding enormously. Government use of networks features prominently in plans to make government more efficient, effective, and responsive. But the transformation brought about by the networking also raises new concerns for the security and privacy of networked information. This Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) report was requested by the Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs and the House Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Finance. The report begins with background information and an overview of the current situation, a statement of the problems involved in safeguarding unclassified networked information, and a summary of policy issues and options. The major part of the report is then devoted to detailed discussions of policy issues in three areas: (1) cryptography policy, including federal information processing standards and export controls; (2) guidance on safeguarding unclassified information in federal agencies; and (3) legal issues and information security, including electronic commerce, privacy, and intellectual property. Appendices include Congressional letters of request; the Computer Security Act and related documents; evolution of the digital signature standard; and lists of workshop participants, reviews, and other contributors. An index is provided. A separately published eight-page OTA Report Summary is included. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 260
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (S/N 052-003-01387-8; $16).
VL  - OTA-TCT-606
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Information Policy
KW  - Computer Security
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Cryptography
KW  - Intellectual Property
KW  - Freedom of Information
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Privacy
KW  - Information Networks
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62739962?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Systemic Reform: Perspectives on Personalizing Education.
AN  - 62739941; ED376557
AB  - The eight papers collected here bring to bear a complex set of perspectives on a common problem: how to make education more effective now and in the future. The papers speak to the need to understand education as an individual-driven, learner-centered activity. Following Ronald J. Anson's introduction called "Personalizing Systemic Reform," the papers include the following: (1) "Coordinating Top-Down and Bottom-Up Strategies for Educational Reform" (Michael G. Fullan); (2) "Change Has Changed: Implications for Implementation of Assessments from the Organizational Change Literature" (Suzanne M. Stiegelbauer); (3) "Time for Teachers in School Restructuring" (Joseph Cambone); (4) "New Boundaries for School-Based Management: The High Involvement Model" (Priscilla Wohlstetter, Roxane Smyer, and Susan Albers Mohrman); (5) "Teachers' Professional Development in a Climate of Educational Reform" (Judith Warren Little); (6) "Realizing the Promise of Technology: The Need for Systemic Reform" (Jane L. David); (7) "Bringing Schools and Communities Together in Preparation for the 21st Century: Implications of the Current Educational Reform Movement for Family and Community Involvement Policies" (Patrick M. Shields); and (8) "Research Knowledge and Policy Issues in Cultural Diversity and Education" (Roland G. Tharp). References accompany each chapter. (LMI)
AU  - Anson, Ronald J.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 203
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - School Community Relationship
KW  - Cultural Pluralism
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - School Based Management
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Organizational Change
KW  - Educational Technology
KW  - Educational Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62739941?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Dropout Rates in the United States: 1993.
AN  - 62739279; ED375222
AB  - This report presents 1993 data on high school dropout and retention rates, examines high school completion and graduation rates, and discusses new data-collection efforts by the National Center for Education Statistics that have a direct bearing on the issues of high school dropout and graduation rates. The report also draws comparisons between cohort dropout rates for sophomores in 1990 and 1980 and provides detailed data on demographic and socioeconomic levels as they relate to high school completion and graduation rates data. Among the findings it is shown that national dropout rates have declined over the past 10 to 15 years; high school completion rates were increasing; Blacks had larger high school completion rate increases than Whites, but for Hispanics the rates were lower than for either Blacks or Whites; and, within income levels, the rates for Blacks and Whites were similar. While analyses of status and dropout rates for each racial and ethnic group show that the differential between Whites and Blacks is narrowing, analysis of data from two sophomore cohorts a decade apart in time show a 46 percent reduction in the sophomore-to-senior-year dropout rates. Appendixes contain standard-error and time-series tables, technical notes, and the alternative definitions of high school completion rates by age group and race-ethnicity from 1972 to 1993. (GLR)
AU  - McMillen, Marilyn M.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 190
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451957
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Socioeconomic Status
KW  - School Holding Power
KW  - Dropout Rate
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Cohort Analysis
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - White Students
KW  - Hispanic Americans
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Black Students
KW  - Data Analysis
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - High School Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62739279?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Decade of the Brain.
AN  - 62637910; ED386011
AB  - This guide to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is organized in three parts which address understanding the problem, getting help, and sustaining hope. A question-and-answer format addresses the following topics: symptoms of ADHD; other conditions which may produce similar symptoms; other disorders which may accompany ADHD; causes of ADHD; the identification and diagnosis of ADHD; educational options for the ADHD student; treatments for the individual with ADHD; the possibility of curing or outgrowing ADHD; hope offered by research; and sources of information and support. Three sample cases are used throughout the guide to illustrate major concepts. Suggested resources include books for children, teens, and adults with attention disorders; books for parents; and resources for teachers and specialists. Also listed are 14 organizational resources. (Contains 31 suggested readings.) (DB)
AU  - Neuwirth, Sharyn
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 48
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160452570
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Etiology
KW  - Clinical Diagnosis
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Therapy
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Disability Identification
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Educational Diagnosis
KW  - Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
KW  - Attention Deficit Disorders
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Hyperactivity
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637910?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Anxiety Disorders.
AN  - 62549831; ED398505
AB  - Anxiey, in general, helps one to cope. It rouses a person to action and gears one up to face a threatening situation. It makes students study harder for exams, and keeps presenters on their toes when making speeches. But an anxiety disorder can prevent one from coping and can disrupt daily life. Anxiety disorders are not just a case of "nerves," they are illnesses, often related to biological makeup and life experiences of the individual, and they frequently run in families. This pamphlet was produced in order to help laypersons understand anxiety disorders, and to explain the role of research in conquering anxiety and other mental disorders. There are several types of anxiety disorders, each with its own distinct features. This brochure offers brief explanations of generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder (which is sometimes accompanied by agoraphobia), specific phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Information on treatment and how to get help for anxiety disorders is provided, along with 11 additional sources of information. (JBJ)
AU  - Dickey, Marilyn
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 29
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NIH-94-3879
KW  - National Institute of Mental Health
KW  - Obsessive Compulsive Behavior
KW  - Panic Disorder
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Psychological Patterns
KW  - Anxiety
KW  - Emotional Problems
KW  - Mental Health
KW  - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
KW  - Coping
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62549831?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Partnership in Rural Water Supply and Sanitation: A Case Study from Bangladesh
AN  - 61623633; 199501977
AB  - Presents results from a 2-year rural Water Supply & Sanitation (WSS) project in rural Bangladesh. Implemented by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), the project was intended to provide low cost technology for water & sanitation, achieve better collaboration between agencies in water & sanitation services, & raise community consciousness of the importance of safe water use & hygiene. Handpumps, latrines, & hygiene education were provided to rural people through NGO partners. Data obtained during field visits reveal a lack of community participation, personal hygiene practices, & effective use & maintenance of the WSS provisions. However, the effectiveness of a multiagency approach in providing technologies to an unserved population in an efficient way, was demonstrated. Principal challenges to be addressed include the training of individuals & improvement of hygiene practices. Multiagency cooperation will be needed. 1 Table, 14 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Health Policy and Planning
AU  - Hoque, Bilqis Amin
AU  - Hoque, Mohammed Mozzammel
AD  - Community Health Division International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, GPO Box 128 Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 288
EP  - 293
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
SN  - 0268-1080, 0268-1080
KW  - rural water supply/sanitation project, Bangladesh
KW  - field data
KW  - International Organizations
KW  - Sanitation
KW  - Rural Communities
KW  - Water Supply
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Community Involvement
KW  - Hygiene
KW  - Health Education
KW  - Technology Transfer
KW  - Bangladesh
KW  - Interorganizational Relations
KW  - article
KW  - 8340: social development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61623633?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Policy+and+Planning&rft.atitle=Partnership+in+Rural+Water+Supply+and+Sanitation%3A+A+Case+Study+from+Bangladesh&rft.au=Hoque%2C+Bilqis+Amin%3BHoque%2C+Mohammed+Mozzammel&rft.aulast=Hoque&rft.aufirst=Carole&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rural Communities; Water Supply; Sanitation; Bangladesh; International Organizations; Technology Transfer; Interorganizational Relations; Health Education; Hygiene; Community Involvement; Program Evaluation
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Handbook of international economic statistics, 1994
T2  - CPAS 94-10001
AN  - 59675303; 1995-0101900
AB  - Statistics for the OECD, selected East European countries and, when available, data for the independent republics of the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia; 1970-93, chiefly. Includes data on environmental issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, September 1994. v+197+1 pp.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
EP  - v+197+1
PB  - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540
KW  - Eastern Europe -- Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Yugoslavia -- Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Commonwealth of independent states -- Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Environment -- Statistics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59675303?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B197%2B1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+international+economic+statistics%2C+1994&rft.title=Handbook+of+international+economic+statistics%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Supt Docs (22x28 cm) spiral bdg; Nat Tech Info Service
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s), index(es)
N1  - SuppNotes - folded sheet
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
AN  - 50184103; 1994-054290
AB  - The problems of the secondary distribution of trace metals in the hydrous sedimentary environment is addressed and comparison is invited with the 600 m.y. Bunyeroo ejecta, South Australia.
JF  - Earth and Planetary Science Letters
AU  - Glikson, A Y
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - September 1994
SP  - 493
EP  - 496
PB  - Elsevier, Amsterdam
VL  - 126
IS  - 4
SN  - 0012-821X, 0012-821X
KW  - enrichment
KW  - Paleoarchean
KW  - platinum group
KW  - iridium
KW  - sedimentary rocks
KW  - Transvaal region
KW  - geochemical anomalies
KW  - terrigenous materials
KW  - Archean
KW  - South Africa
KW  - trace elements
KW  - Mpumalanga South Africa
KW  - geochemistry
KW  - spherules
KW  - Precambrian
KW  - shale
KW  - sedimentation
KW  - impacts
KW  - Barberton Mountain Land
KW  - genesis
KW  - provenance
KW  - Fig Tree Group
KW  - Onverwacht Group
KW  - metals
KW  - Southern Africa
KW  - Africa
KW  - trace metals
KW  - clastic rocks
KW  - 06A:Sedimentary petrology
KW  - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments
KW  - 12:Stratigraphy
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L2  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0012821X
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom | Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
N1  - Date revised - 1994-01-01
N1  - Number of references - 21
N1  - Document feature - illus.
N1  - SuppNotes - For reference to reply, see Koeberl, Christian, and Reimold, W. U., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., Vol. 126, p. 497, 1994; for reference to original see Koeberl, Christian, et al., Vol. 119, p. 441, 1993
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-14
N1  - CODEN - EPSLA2
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Archean; Barberton Mountain Land; clastic rocks; enrichment; Fig Tree Group; genesis; geochemical anomalies; geochemistry; impacts; iridium; metals; Mpumalanga South Africa; Onverwacht Group; Paleoarchean; platinum group; Precambrian; provenance; sedimentary rocks; sedimentation; shale; South Africa; Southern Africa; spherules; terrigenous materials; trace elements; trace metals; Transvaal region
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(94)90126-0
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Use of denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis to study chromium-induced point mutations in human cells.
AN  - 21275457; 11701613
AB  - A large number of hprt-mutants were obtained by treating human lymphoblast cells (TK6) with 5 microM K2Cr2O7 for 5 hr and selecting by growth in 6-thioguanine. A combination of high fidelity polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) allowed us to measure mutant frequencies as a function of DNA sequence. Chromium(VI) induced four hotspots in a 104 bp domain of hprt exon 3. Substitutions at G:C base pairs were the predominant mutations. One of the chromium-induced hotspots was located at the same position as previously determined hydrogen peroxide and benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide hotspots. Images Figure 1.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Chen, J
AU  - Thilly, W G
AD  - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Whitaker College of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 227
EP  - 229
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - hot spots
KW  - Electrophoresis
KW  - Chromium
KW  - hydrogen peroxide
KW  - DNA
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Mutants
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hot spots; Electrophoresis; Chromium; DNA; hydrogen peroxide; Mutation; Mutants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Newer systems for bacterial resistances to toxic heavy metals.
AN  - 21270282; 11701609
AB  - Bacterial plasmids contain specific genes for resistances to toxic heavy metal ions including Ag+, AsO2-, AsO4(3-), Cd2+, Co2+, CrO4(2-), Cu2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Sb3+, and Zn2+. Recent progress with plasmid copper-resistance systems in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas syringae show a system of four gene products, an inner membrane protein (PcoD), an outer membrane protein (PcoB), and two periplasmic Cu(2+)-binding proteins (PcoA and PcoC). Synthesis of this system is governed by two regulatory proteins (the membrane sensor PcoS and the soluble responder PcoR, probably a DNA-binding protein), homologous to other bacterial two-component regulatory systems. Chromosomally encoded Cu2+ P-type ATPases have recently been recognized in Enterococcus hirae and these are closely homologous to the bacterial cadmium efflux ATPase and the human copper-deficiency disease Menkes gene product. The Cd(2+)-efflux ATPase of gram-positive bacteria is a large P-type ATPase, homologous to the muscle Ca2+ ATPase and the Na+/K+ ATPases of animals. The arsenic-resistance system of gram-negative bacteria functions as an oxyanion efflux ATPase for arsenite and presumably antimonite. However, the structure of the arsenic ATPase is fundamentally different from that of P-type ATPases. The absence of the arsA gene (for the ATPase subunit) in gram-positive bacteria raises questions of energy-coupling for arsenite efflux. The ArsC protein product of the arsenic-resistance operons of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is an intracellular enzyme that reduces arsenate [As(V)] to arsenite [As(III)], the substrate for the transport pump. Newly studied cation efflux systems for Cd2+, Zn2+, and Co2+ (Czc) or Co2+ and Ni2+ resistance (Cnr) lack ATPase motifs in their predicted polypeptide sequences. Therefore, not all plasmid-resistance systems that function through toxic ion efflux are ATPases. The first well-defined bacterial metallothionein was found in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus. Bacterial metallothionein is encoded by the smtA gene and contains 56 amino acids, including nine cysteine residues (fewer than animal metallothioneins). The synthesis of Synechococcus metallothionein is regulated by a repressor protein, the product of the adjacent but separately transcribed smtB gene. Regulation of metallothionein synthesis occurs at different levels; quickly by derepression of repressor activity, or over a longer time by deletion of the repressor gene at fixed positions and by amplification of the metallothionein DNA region leading to multiple copies of the gene.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Silver, S
AU  - Ji, G
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 107
EP  - 113
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - outer membrane proteins
KW  - Metallothionein
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Gram-positive bacteria
KW  - Membrane proteins
KW  - Copper
KW  - Lead
KW  - Ca super(2+)-transporting ATPase
KW  - Gene deletion
KW  - regulatory proteins
KW  - metal ions
KW  - Inner membranes
KW  - Gram-negative bacteria
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Pseudomonas syringae
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - Cerebroside-sulfatase
KW  - Ions
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Amino acids
KW  - Adenosinetriphosphatase
KW  - DNA-binding protein
KW  - Derepression
KW  - Arsenite
KW  - Muscles
KW  - Synechococcus
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Plasmids
KW  - Cyanobacteria
KW  - Enterococcus hirae
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Cysteine
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Pumps
KW  - Na super(+)/K super(+)-exchanging ATPase
KW  - Operons
KW  - Repressors
KW  - J 02410:Animal Diseases
KW  - A 01450:Environmental Pollution & Waste Treatment
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - K 03420:Plant Diseases
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - outer membrane proteins; Metallothionein; Heavy metals; Gram-positive bacteria; Copper; Membrane proteins; Lead; Ca super(2+)-transporting ATPase; Gene deletion; regulatory proteins; Gram-negative bacteria; Inner membranes; Zinc; Cadmium; Cerebroside-sulfatase; Ions; Arsenic; Adenosinetriphosphatase; Amino acids; DNA-binding protein; Muscles; Arsenite; Derepression; Enzymes; Plasmids; Cysteine; DNA; Operons; Na super(+)/K super(+)-exchanging ATPase; Repressors; Membranes; metallothioneins; metal ions; Proteins; Pumps; heavy metals; Cyanobacteria; Enterococcus hirae; Escherichia coli; Synechococcus; Pseudomonas syringae
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of metal treatment on DNA repair in polyamine-depleted HeLa cells with special reference to nickel.
AN  - 21262875; 11701617
AB  - Human cells depleted of the naturally occurring polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine exhibit altered chromatin structure and marked deficiencies in DNA replicative and repair processes. Similar effects have been observed following treatment of normal mammalian cells with various heavy metal salts. In an attempt to better understand how metals interfere with normal DNA metabolic processes, a series of studies was carried out in which the toxicity and repair-inhibitory properties of various metals were evaluated in polyamine-depleted HeLa cells. Cytotoxicity of copper, zinc, magnesium, and cadmium was not altered in cells carrying lower polyamine pools. However, the sensitivity to nickel was markedly increased upon polyamine depletion, a condition that was readily reversed by polyamine supplementation. Nucleoid sedimentation analysis indicated that a greater amount of nickel-induced DNA damage occurred in polyamine-depleted cells than in normal cells, possibly serving as the basis for the increased sensitivity. Both polyamine depletion and nickel treatment result in decreased repair of DNA strand breaks and decreased cloning efficiency following X-ray and ultraviolet irradiation. Nickel treatment of polyamine-depleted cells resulted in synergistic sensitivity to both radiation treatments. None of the other metals tested enhanced X-ray or ultraviolet sensitivity of polyamine-depleted cells. Analysis of retarded repair sites following ultraviolet irradiation indicated those sites to be nonligatable in polyamine-depleted and nickel-treated cells, suggesting a block in the normal gap-sealing process.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Snyder, R D
AD  - Department of Cancer Biology, Marion Merrell Dow Research Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 51
EP  - 55
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Spermine
KW  - Chromatin
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Copper
KW  - Supplementation
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - U.V. radiation
KW  - Spermidine
KW  - Mammalian cells
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Sedimentation
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - Metals
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - DNA repair
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Salts
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Putrescine
KW  - polyamines
KW  - Irradiation
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - DNA
KW  - Nucleoids
KW  - Magnesium
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Spermine; Chromatin; Heavy metals; Nickel; Copper; Toxicity; DNA repair; Supplementation; Salts; DNA damage; Cytotoxicity; U.V. radiation; Putrescine; Mammalian cells; Spermidine; polyamines; Ionizing radiation; Zinc; Nucleoids; Cadmium; Sedimentation; Magnesium; Sensitivity; Metals; Efficiency; Irradiation; DNA; heavy metals
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of chromium on DNA replication in vitro.
AN  - 21261929; 11701620
AB  - Chromium is an environmentally significant human carcinogen with complicated metabolism and an unknown mechanism of mutagenesis. Chromium(VI) is taken up by cells as the chromate anion and is reduced intracellularly via reactive intermediates to stable Cr(III) species. Chromium(III) forms tight complexes with biological ligands, such as DNA and proteins, which are slow to exchange. In vitro, CrCl3.6H2O primarily interacts with DNA to form outer shell charge complexes with the DNA phosphates. However, at micromolar concentrations, the Cr(III) binds to a low number of saturable tight binding sites on single-stranded M13 DNA. Additional chromium interacts in a nonspecific manner with the DNA and can form intermolecular DNA cross-links. Although high concentrations of Cr(III) inhibit DNA replication, micromolar concentrations of Cr(III) can substitute for Mg2+, weakly activate the Klenow fragment of E. coli DNA polymerase I (Pol I-KF), and act as an enhancer of nucleotide incorporation. Alterations in enzyme kinetics induced by Cr(III) increase DNA polymerase processivity and the rate of polymerase bypass of DNA lesions. This results in an increased rate of spontaneous mutagenesis during DNA replication both in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that chromium(III) may contribute to chromate-induced mutagenesis and may be a factor in the initiation of chromium carcinogenesis. Images Figure 1.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Snow, E T
AD  - New York University Medical Center, Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, Tuxedo.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 41
EP  - 44
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Anions
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Mutagenesis
KW  - DNA-directed DNA polymerase
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - Lesions
KW  - DNA biosynthesis
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Replication
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Nucleotides
KW  - Phosphates
KW  - Phosphate
KW  - Kinetics
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Shells
KW  - Chromate
KW  - Magnesium
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA biosynthesis; Anions; Chromium; Replication; Enzymes; Carcinogens; Nucleotides; Mutagenesis; Phosphate; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Kinetics; Carcinogenesis; Shells; Magnesium; Chromate; Metabolism; Phosphates; DNA; Proteins; Lesions; Escherichia coli
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of progesterone pretreatment on cadmium toxicity in male Fischer (F344/NCr) and Wistar (WF/NCr) rats.
AN  - 21260562; 11701619
AB  - A previous report indicated that progesterone pretreatment can markedly reduce cadmium (Cd) toxicity in male NAW mice. Therefore we examined the effects of progesterone pretreatment on Cd toxicity in male Fischer (F344) and Wistar (WF) rats. A single subcutaneous injection of 10 or 30 mumole (CdCl2)/kg proved nonlethal over 24 hr but caused the typical spectrum of testicular lesions in these rats. Moreover, when F344 rats were pretreated with progesterone (100 mg/kg, sc, at -48, -24, and 0 hr) and then given cadmium (20 mumole CdCl2/kg, 0 hr), this dose of cadmium proved very toxic, unexpectedly causing 53% mortality. Progesterone pretreatment had no effect on cadmium-induced lethality in WF rats or on testicular lesions in either strain. Significant elevations in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, indicative of hepatotoxicity, were also observed in progesterone-pretreated F344 rats given cadmium as compared to rats given Cd alone. Progesterone did not induce increases in hepatic or renal metallothionein (MT) and hepatic or testicular MT-I mRNA levels in F344 rats. In contrast, levels of the testicular cadmium-binding protein (TCBP) in progesterone-pretreated F344 rats were doubled. This increase in TCBP provided no protection against cadmium toxicity in the testes. These results indicate that, in contrast to previously reported data for mice, progesterone pretreatment increased the lethality of cadmium in male F344 rats and had no effect on cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in F344 and WF rats.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Shiraishi, N
AU  - Barter, R A
AU  - Uno, H
AU  - Waalkes, M P
AD  - Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 277
EP  - 280
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Testes
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Metallothionein
KW  - Progesterone
KW  - males
KW  - Mice
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - hepatotoxicity
KW  - L-Lactate dehydrogenase
KW  - mRNA
KW  - Rats
KW  - Lethality
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Liver
KW  - Lesions
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Mortality; Data processing; Progesterone; Metallothionein; Toxicity; hepatotoxicity; mRNA; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Lethality; Liver; Kidney; Cadmium; Rats; metallothioneins; Proteins; males; Lesions; Mice
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Apparent quiescence of the metallothionein gene in the rat ventral prostate: association with cadmium-induced prostate tumors in rats.
AN  - 21260077; 11703534
AB  - Several chronic studies in rats indicating that cadmium exposure can induce tumors of the ventral prostate have recently been completed in our laboratory. In one such study, a single dose of cadmium, s.c., increased prostatic tumor incidence only at doses below 5.0 mumol/kg, the approximate threshold for cadmium-induced testicular damage. In a further study, prostatic tumors were elevated with higher doses of cadmium (30 mumol/kg, s.c.) if testicular damage was prevented by zinc pretreatment. Most recently, we found that dietary cadmium (25 to 200 micrograms/g) also can increase prostatic neoplastic lesions, but these were reduced by zinc-deficient diets. Thus it appears that cadmium produces prostatic tumors only if testicular function is maintained. Furthermore, we find that metallothionein (MT), a protein associated with cadmium tolerance, may be deficient in the rat prostate, and the prostatic MT gene, at least in the ventral lobe, is unresponsive to metal stimuli. In liver, MT gene expression, as assessed by MT-1 mRNA, was quite apparent in control tissue and was induced in a dose-dependent manner 24 hr following cadmium exposure (1 to 10 mumol/kg, s.c.). However, in the ventral prostate very low constitutive levels of MT-1 mRNA were detected and increases did not occur with cadmium exposure. Cadmium concentrations in the ventral prostate were in excess of those that cause significant induction in the liver. In sharp contrast to the gene in the ventral prostate, in the dorsal prostate the MT gene was quite active. The dorsal prostate is not susceptible to cadmium carcinogenesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 1. Figure 2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Coogan, T P
AU  - Shiraishi, N
AU  - Waalkes, M P
AD  - Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 137
EP  - 139
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Diets
KW  - Metals
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Liver
KW  - Lesions
KW  - Proteins
KW  - tumors
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Rats; Metals; metallothioneins; Zinc; Liver; Proteins; Lesions; tumors
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Induction of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation by carcinogenic chromate: relationship to DNA damage, genotoxicity, and inhibition of macromolecular synthesis.
AN  - 21259848; 11701621
AB  - Hexavalent chromium (Cr) compounds are respiratory carcinogens in humans and animals. Treatment of Chinese hamster ovary cells with 150 and 300 microM sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) for 2 hr decreased colony-forming efficiency by 46 and 92%, respectively. These treatments induced dose-dependent internucleosomal fragmentation of cellular DNA beyond 24 hr after chromate treatment. This fragmentation pattern is characteristic of apoptosis as a mechanism of cell death. These treatments also induced an immediate inhibition of macromolecular synthesis and delayed progression of cells through S-phase of the cell cycle. Cell growth (as evidenced by DNA synthesis) was inhibited for at least 4 days and transcription remained suppressed for at least 32 hr. Many of the cells that did progress to metaphase exhibited chromosome damage. Chromate caused the dose-dependent formation of DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links, but these were repaired 8 and 24 hr after removal of the treatment, respectively. In contrast, Cr-DNA adducts (up to 1/100 base-pairs) were extremely resistant to repair and were still detectable even 5 days after treatment. Compared with other regions of the genome, DNA-protein cross-links and Cr adducts were preferentially associated with the nuclear matrix DNA of treated cells, which was 4.5-fold enriched in actively transcribed genes. Chromium adducts, formed on DNA in vitro at a similar level to that detected in nuclear matrix DNA, arrested the progression of a DNA polymerase in a sequence-specific manner, possibly through the formation of DNA-DNA cross-links.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 7.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Manning, F C
AU  - Blankenship, L J
AU  - Wise, J P
AU  - Xu, J
AU  - Bridgewater, L C
AU  - Patierno, S R
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 159
EP  - 167
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Macromolecules
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Nucleotide sequence
KW  - Cell cycle
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Metaphase
KW  - DNA fragmentation
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Chromosomes
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - DNA-directed DNA polymerase
KW  - sodium chromate
KW  - Mortality
KW  - DNA biosynthesis
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Adducts
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Transcription
KW  - Sodium
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - DNA
KW  - Chromate
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; sodium chromate; DNA adducts; DNA biosynthesis; Macromolecules; Apoptosis; Chromium; Nucleotide sequence; Adducts; Genotoxicity; Cell cycle; Transcription; Carcinogens; Metaphase; DNA damage; DNA fragmentation; Chromosomes; DNA-directed DNA polymerase; Chromate; Sodium; Mortality; Efficiency; Carcinogenicity; DNA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Generation of hydroxyl radical by chromate in biologically relevant systems: role of Cr(V) complexes versus tetraperoxochromate(V).
AN  - 21259832; 11701615
AB  - While Cr(V) species and .OH radicals have been suggested to play significant roles in the mechanism of chromate-related carcinogenesis, controversy still exists regarding the identity of the Cr(V) species and their role in the generation of .OH radicals. Some recent studies have suggested that the primary Cr(V) species involved is the tetraperoxochromate(V) (CrO8(3-)) ion, which produces .OH radical either on decomposition or by reaction with H2O2. The present study utilized ESR and spin trapping techniques to probe this mechanism. The results obtained show that (i) CrO8(3-) is not formed in any significant quantity in the reaction of chromate with biologically relevant reductants such as glutathione, glutathione reductase, NAD(P)H, ascorbate, vitamin B2, etc. (ii) Decomposition of CrO8(3-), or its reaction with H2O2 does not generate any significant amount of .OH radicals. (iii) The major Cr(V) species formed are complexes of Cr(V) with reductant moieties as ligands. (iv) These Cr(V) complexes generate .OH radicals from H2O2 via Fenton-like reaction. The present study thus disagrees with the recently proposed "tetraperoxochromate(V) theory of carcinogenesis from chromate." Instead, it suggests an alternative mechanism, which might be labeled as "the Cr(V)-complexation-Fenton reaction model of carcinogenesis from chromate.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Shi, X
AU  - Dalal, N S
AD  - Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 231
EP  - 236
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - vitamins
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Decomposition
KW  - Hydroxyl radicals
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vitamins; Carcinogenesis; Decomposition; Hydroxyl radicals
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Role of paramagnetic chromium in chromium(VI)-induced damage in cultured mammalian cells.
AN  - 21259810; 11701612
AB  - Chromium(VI) compounds are known to be potent toxic and carcinogenic agents. Because chromium(VI) is easily taken up by cells and is subsequently reduced to chromium(III), the formation of paramagnetic chromium such as chromium(V) and chromium(III) is believed to play a role in the adverse biological effects of chromium(VI) compounds. The present report, uses electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy; the importance of the role of paramagnetic chromium in chromium(VI)-induced damage in intact cultured cells is discussed, based upon our studies with antioxidants including vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), B2 (riboflavin), C (ascorbic acid), and so on. These studies appear to confirm the participation of paramagnetic Cr such as chromium(V) and Chromium(III) in chromium(VI)-induced cellular damage.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sugiyama, M
AD  - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 31
EP  - 33
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - vitamins
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - biological effects
KW  - Carcinogenic agents
KW  - Spectroscopy
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antioxidants; vitamins; biological effects; Carcinogenic agents; Spectroscopy
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - DNA single-strand breaks and cytotoxicity induced by chromate(VI), cadmium(II), and mercury(II) in hydrogen peroxide-resistant cell lines.
AN  - 21258785; 11703536
AB  - The induction of cytotoxicity and DNA single-strand breaks by chromium(VI), cadmium(II), and mercury(II) were compared in H2O2-resistant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO(R)) cells and parental (CHO(P)) cells. Using a colony-forming assay, CHO(R) cells were found to be significantly more resistant than CHO(P) cells to the cytotoxicity caused by CdCl2 and HgCl2, but not to that caused by Na2CrO4. However, the DNA single-strand breaks produced by each of these metals were significantly lower in the CHO(R) cells. With respect to chromium reduction, the level of chromium(V) in CHO(R) cells was decreased. The role of intracellular active oxygen in the heavy metal-induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity is discussed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tsuzuki, K
AU  - Sugiyama, M
AU  - Haramaki, N
AD  - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 341
EP  - 342
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Metals
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Chromium
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - DNA
KW  - Hydrogen
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; DNA damage; Cytotoxicity; Chromium; Heavy metals; Hydrogen; Metals; DNA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of zinc and cadmium on apoptotic DNA fragmentation in isolated bovine liver nuclei.
AN  - 21253687; 11701616
AB  - Isolated nuclei from mammalian cells contain a calcium-dependent endonuclease. The produced DNA fragmentation is a necessary step in the sequence of events resulting in apoptosis (programmed cell death). We report here that zinc and cadmium inhibit the calcium-dependent endonuclease. The essential metal ion zinc may counterbalance the calcium-mediated apoptosis. In contrast to zinc, cadmium alone stimulates the endonuclease by replacing calcium. Thus cadmium exerts a dual effect: micromolar concentrations inhibit the apoptotic endonuclease in the presence but activate the enzyme in the absence of calcium. Images Figure 2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lohmann, R D
AU  - Beyersmann, D
AD  - Department of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, Germany.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 269
EP  - 271
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Metals
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Apoptosis
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Heavy metals
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - DNA fragmentation
KW  - Mammalian cells
KW  - Zinc
KW  - DNA
KW  - Liver
KW  - Cadmium
KW  - Endonuclease
KW  - Nuclei
KW  - N 14835:Protein-Nucleic Acids Association
KW  - X 24360:Metals
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA fragmentation; Calcium; Apoptosis; Mammalian cells; Heavy metals; Zinc; Liver; Enzymes; Cadmium; Nuclei; Endonuclease; Mortality; Metals; DNA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differential cytotoxic effects of arsenic on human and animal cells.
AN  - 21253310; 11701618
AB  - Human fibroblasts (HFW) were 10-fold more susceptible than Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells to sodium arsenite. Comparison of cellular antioxidant enzyme activities showed that CHO-K1 cells contained 3- and 8-fold more glutathione-peroxidase and catalase activities, respectively, than HFW cells. Since vitamin E, methylamine, and benzyl alcohol could prevent, in part, the arsenite-induced killing of HFW cells, we suggest that arsenite can induce oxidative damage in HFW cells. We have also established arsenic-resistant cells, SA7 and CL3R, from CHO cells and from a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (CL3), respectively. The arsenic resistance of SA7 cells was attributed mainly to elevation of glutathione S-transferase pi levels, and that of CL3R cells was possibly due to an increase in heme oxygenase activity. Since induction of heme oxygenase is a general response to oxidative stress, we suspect that the differential toxicity of arsenic to human and animal cells could be due to arsenic's more efficient induction of oxidative damage in human cells. Images Figure 5. Figure 6.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lee, T C
AU  - Ho, I C
AD  - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 101
EP  - 105
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Animals
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - vitamins
KW  - Lung
KW  - enzymatic activity
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - oxidative stress
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Animals; Arsenic; vitamins; Antioxidants; Lung; enzymatic activity; Toxicity; oxidative stress
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Establishment and characterization of methylmercury-resistant PC12 cell line.
AN  - 21253301; 11701607
AB  - Methylmercury (MeHg)-resistant sublines of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were isolated by repeated exposure to stepwise increased concentrations of MeHg. One of the sublines (PC12/TM) showed an 8- to 10-fold increase in resistance to MeHg compared with parent PC12 cells on the basis of the concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC50) of growth. PC12/TM cells accumulated smaller amounts of MeHg than parent PC12 cells. This reduction in MeHg accumulation in PC12/TM cells resulted from slow uptake and rapid efflux. The intracellular glutathione (GSH) level in PC12/TM cells was four times higher than that of PC12 cells. Pretreatment of PC12/TM cells with buthionine sulfoximine, which decreased the GSH level to that of the parent PC12 cells, increased the sensitivity of PC12/TM cells to MeHg. A close correlation between the MeHg accumulation and MeHg sensitivity was found among seven sublines of PC12 cells and parent PC12 cell line. The GSH level in PC12 sublines was also correlated with their sensitivity to MeHg.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Miura, K
AU  - Clarkson, T W
AU  - Ikeda, K
AU  - Naganuma, A
AU  - Imura, N
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, Wako University, Tokyo, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 313
EP  - 315
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Methylmercury
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methylmercury; Sensitivity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The significance of the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of metallothionein in human liver and tumor cells.
AN  - 21252346; 11701611
AB  - Metallothioneins are a group of low-molecular-weight intracellular proteins present in high levels in fetal mammalian livers, bound to zinc and copper. They are also present in two major isoforms in low basal levels in various organs of adults in several species. Although a number of functions have been proposed for metallothioneins, their major biological roles may be in the storage of zinc and copper during rapid growth and development, and also in the detoxification of certain toxic metals. In adult liver, metallothionein is mainly localized in the cytoplasm, it is localized also in the hepatocyte nuclei in human fetal liver and fetal and neonatal rat liver, as determined by immunohistochemical staining with a specific metallothionein antibody. Because of its high expression in fetal development, the potential role of metallothioneins in human tumors was investigated. The cellular localization of metallothionein was demonstrated in various human tumors such as thyroid tumors, testicular germ cell carcinoma, bladder transitional cell carcinomas, and salivary gland tumors. In most of these tumor tissues, metallothioneins were found in high levels in nucleus and cytoplasm in both benign and malignant tumors, although the proliferating edge of the malignant tumors showed most intense metallothionein staining. The expression of metallothionein is not universal to all tumor growth; its presence may depend on various factors, such as the type of tumor, cellular origin, morphological heterogeneity, or stage of growth. Human testicular seminomas, which are well differentiated, showed little expression of metallothionein irrespective of the staging, as compared to less well-differentiated embryonal carcinomas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 3. Figure 4.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cherian, M G
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 131
EP  - 135
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Metals
KW  - urinary bladder
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Liver
KW  - tumors
KW  - Copper
KW  - Neonates
KW  - Organs
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - urinary bladder; Metals; metallothioneins; Zinc; Liver; tumors; Neonates; Copper; Organs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Vanadium distribution in rats and DNA cleavage by vanadyl complex: implication for vanadium toxicity and biological effects.
AN  - 21251391; 11703542
AB  - Vanadium ion is toxic to animals. However, vanadium is also an agent used for chemoprotection against cancers in animals. To understand both the toxic and beneficial effects we studied vanadium distribution in rats. Accumulation of vanadium in the liver nuclei of rats given low doses of compounds in the +4 or +5 oxidation state was greater than in the liver nuclei of rats given high doses of vanadium compounds or the vanadate (+5 oxidation state) compound. Vanadium was incorporated exclusively in the vanadyl (+4 oxidation state) form. We also investigated the reactions of vanadyl ion and found that incubation of DNA with vanadyl ion and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) led to intense DNA cleavage. ESR spin trapping demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals are generated during the reactions of vanadyl ion and H2O2. Thus, we propose that the mechanism for vanadium-dependent toxicity and antineoplastic action is due to DNA cleavage by hydroxyl radicals generated in living systems.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sakurai, H
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 35
EP  - 36
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Vanadium
KW  - vanadate
KW  - Vanadium compounds
KW  - Free radicals
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Trapping
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Hydroxyl radicals
KW  - Rats
KW  - Hydrogen peroxide
KW  - Oxidation
KW  - DNA
KW  - Liver
KW  - Nuclei
KW  - chemoprotection
KW  - X 24490:Other
KW  - N 14845:Miscellaneous
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vanadium; vanadate; Hydrogen peroxide; Free radicals; Oxidation; Liver; DNA; Toxicity; Nuclei; Trapping; Cancer; chemoprotection; Rats; Vanadium compounds; Hydroxyl radicals
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Subcellular targets of cadmium nephrotoxicity: cadmium binding to renal membrane proteins in animals with or without protective metallothionein synthesis.
AN  - 21251353; 11701605
AB  - Nephrotoxic effects of cadmium exposure are well established in humans and experimental animals. An early manifestation of such toxicity is calciuria a few hours after injection of CdMT in rats. Protection against calciuria and other adverse effects such as proteinuria (occurring later) is offered by pretreatment with Cd, which effectively induces metallothionein synthesis. In the present experiment, one group of animals was given pretreatment with CdCl2 to induce metallothionein synthesis. The comparison group was left without pretreatment. The distribution of Cd from a normally nephrotoxic dose of 109CdMT was studied by gel chromatography in subcellular fractions of kidney cortex in both groups. In the pretreated animals, 109Cd in the plasma membrane and microsome fractions of renal cortical cells was mainly bound to metallothionein and other low molecular weight proteins at 4 hr. In nonpretreated animals the major part of 109Cd was bound to high molecular weight proteins. These findings indicate that membrane proteins may be important targets for Cd when inducing nephrotoxicity and that sequestering of Cd by metallothionein (and other low molecular weight proteins) may be a mechanism of protection.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nordberg, G F
AU  - Jin, T
AU  - Nordberg, M
AD  - Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Umea, Sweden.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 191
EP  - 194
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Animals
KW  - Membranes
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Chromatography
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Side effects
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Animals; Membranes; Chromatography; metallothioneins; Kidney; Proteins; Toxicity; Side effects
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - In vivo effects of chromium.
AN  - 21251331; 11703531
AB  - The production of reactive oxygen species on addition of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate, K2Cr2O7) to lung cells in culture was studied using flow cytometer analysis. A Coulter Epics Profile II flow cytometer was used to detect the formation of reactive oxygen species after K2Cr2O7 was added to A549 cells grown to confluence. The cells were loaded with the dye, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, after which cellular esterases removed the acetate groups and the dye was trapped intracellularly. Reactive oxygen species oxidized the dye, with resultant fluorescence. Increased doses of Cr(VI) caused increasing fluorescence (10-fold higher than background at 200 microM). Addition of Cr(III) compounds, as the picolinate or chloride, caused no increased fluorescence. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic studies indicated that three (as yet unidentified) spectral "signals" of the free radical type were formed on addition of 20, 50, 100, and 200 microM Cr(VI) to the A549 cells in suspension. Two other EPR "signals" with the characteristics of Cr(V) entities were seen at field values lower than the standard free radical value. Liver microsomes from male Sprague-Dawley rats treated intraperitoneally with K2Cr2O7 (130 mumole/kg every 48 hr for six treatments) had decreased activity of cytochromes P4503A1 and/or 3A2, and 2C11. Hepatic microsomes from treated female Sprague-Dawley rats, in contrast, had increased activities of these isozymes. Lung microsomes from male Sprague-Dawley rats had increased activity of P4502C11. Images Figure 4. Figure 6.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Witmer, C
AU  - Faria, E
AU  - Park, H S
AU  - Sadrieh, N
AU  - Yurkow, E
AU  - O'Connell, S
AU  - Sirak, A
AU  - Schleyer, H
AD  - Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 169
EP  - 176
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Cytochrome
KW  - Lung
KW  - Chlorides
KW  - Liver
KW  - Potassium
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Oxygen; Cytochrome; Fluorescence; Lung; Liver; Chlorides; Potassium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - In vitro and in vivo studies on the degradation of metallothionein.
AN  - 21251023; 11703546
AB  - Degradation of metallothionein (MT) from rat liver was examined. Degradation of apo-MT by liver homogenate was greater than that by cytosol. At pH 5.5, degradation by homogenate was more than that at pH 7.2. These findings suggest that proteases that function at acidic pH are probably involved in MT degradation. Because lysosomes are the principal subcellular organelles that contain acid proteases (cathepsins), we compared the degradation of apo-MT by lysosomes and cytosol. Apo-MT was degraded about 400 times faster by lysosomal fraction than by cytosolic fraction. To determine the relative importance of different cathepsins, we used different inhibitors. Leupeptin, which inhibits cathepsins B and L, inhibited the degradation of apo-MT by 80%, implying that cathepsins B and/or L might be very important in the intracellular turnover of MT. Cathepsin D appeared to be the least significant, because apo-MT degradation was reduced by about 20% by inhibiting cathepsin D. When we extended this study with purified cathepsins, we obtained the same answer, i.e., the ability of different cathepsins to degrade apo-MT was in the following order: cathepsin B >> cathepsin C > cathepsin D. While apo-MT was susceptible to degradation, ZnMT and CdMT were highly resistant to degradation. Coincubation of ZnMT or CdMT with either lysosomal extract or purified cathepsins did not result in any appreciable degradation even after 16 hr. However, longer incubations did result in some degradation, especially by purified cathepsin B. Interestingly, CdMT degraded little faster than ZnMT by both lysosomal extract as well as purified cathepsin B.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 3. Figure 4.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Klaassen, C D
AU  - Choudhuri, S
AU  - McKim, J M
AU  - Lehman-McKeeman, L D
AU  - Kershaw, W C
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 141
EP  - 146
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Degradation
KW  - metallothioneins
KW  - Zinc
KW  - Liver
KW  - pH
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Degradation; metallothioneins; Zinc; Liver; pH
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - DNA damage induced in cultured human alveolar (L-132) cells by exposure to dimethylarsinic acid.
AN  - 21251009; 11703538
AB  - Gene damage in cultured human alveolar (L-132) cells induced by exposure to dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), a major metabolite of inorganic arsenics in mammals, was studied. DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links were induced by the treatment of L-132 cells with 10 mM DMAA. These kinds of damage appeared at 8 hr after start of exposure to DMAA. As regards DNA-protein cross-links, the DNA was found to bind not only to core histone proteins but also linker histone (H1) and nonhistone proteins. Furthermore, the cross-links were formed by the binding to serine or threonine residues of H1 or nonhistone proteins through phosphate moieties of the DNA. The induction of the alkali-labile sites in DNA in DMAA-treated L-132 cells was observed prior to that of DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links. As one of the alkali-labile sites in DNA, we estimated apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in DNA. The present study suggests that the DNA single-strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links induced by the treatment of L-132 cells with DMAA occurred via the formation of AP sites in the DNA and that the DNA-protein cross-links were produced by a Schiff-base reaction between amino groups of nuclear proteins and aldehyde groups of AP sites in the DNA and the DNA single-strand breaks, by a beta-elimination reaction on AP sites in the DNA. Images Figure 3.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kato, K
AU  - Hayashi, H
AU  - Hasegawa, A
AU  - Yamanaka, K
AU  - Okada, S
AD  - Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Nihon University College of Pharmacy, Chiba, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 285
EP  - 288
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - mammals
KW  - Amino groups
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Residues
KW  - Nonhistone proteins
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Alveoli
KW  - DNA damage
KW  - Phosphates
KW  - Phosphate
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Aldehydes
KW  - Threonine
KW  - Histone H1
KW  - dimethylarsinic acid
KW  - Serine
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; Arsenic; Amino groups; Phosphate; Nonhistone proteins; Metabolites; Aldehydes; Threonine; Serine; Alveoli; dimethylarsinic acid; Histone H1; mammals; Phosphates; Residues; DNA; Proteins
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular mechanisms of transformation of C3H/10T1/2 C1 8 mouse embryo cells and diploid human fibroblasts by carcinogenic metal compounds.
AN  - 21250997; 11703532
AB  - Carcinogenic arsenic, nickel, and chromium compounds induced morphological and neoplastic transformation but no mutation to ouabain resistance in 10T1/2 mouse embryo cells; lead chromate also did not induce mutation to ouabain or 6-thioguanine resistance in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The mechanism of metal-induced morphological transformation was likely not due to the specific base substitution mutations measured in ouabain resistance mutation assays, and for lead chromate, likely not due to this type of base substitution mutation or to frameshift mutations. Preliminary data indicate increases in steady-state levels of c-myc RNA in arsenic-, nickel-, and chromium-transformed cell lines. We also showed that carcinogenic nickel, chromium, and arsenic compounds and N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced stable anchorage independence (Al) in diploid human fibroblasts (DHF) but no focus formation or immortality. Nickel subsulfide and lead chromate induced Al but not mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance. The mechanism of induction of Al by metal salts in DHF was likely not by the type of base substitution or frameshift mutations measured in these assays. MNNG induced Al, mutation to 6-thioguanine resistance, and mutation to ouabain resistance, and might induce Al by base substitution or frameshift mutations. Dexamethasone, aspirin, and salicylic acid inhibited nickel subsulfide, MNNG, and 12-O-tetrade-canoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced Al in DHF, suggesting that arachidonic acid metabolism and oxygen radical generation play a role in induction of Al. We propose that nickel compounds stimulate arachidonic acid metabolism, consequent oxygen radical generation, and oxygen radical attack upon DNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images Figure 1.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Landolph, J R
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Kenneth Norris, Jr., Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California.
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 119
EP  - 125
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - Metals
KW  - aspirin
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Nickel
KW  - Embryos
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Lead
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - USA, Alaska, Anchorage
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aspirin; Metals; Oxygen; Carcinogenicity; Nickel; Embryos; Mutation; Metabolism; Lead; USA, Alaska, Anchorage
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Treatment of landfill leachate by crossflow microfiltration of ozonation
AN  - 16571420; 3638532
AB  - Laboratory scale experiments were conducted for the treatment of landfill leachate using crossflow microfiltration (CFMF) with periodic backflush as a declogging technique. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) was used as for pretreatment, and ozonation was used as posttreatment for CFMF. Single channel tubular ceramic membranes of 0.2 and 1.2 mu m pore size were used in this study. The results showed that permeate flux increases with an increased dose of PAC added to the leachate. When membranes of different pore sizes were compared, the 0.2- mu m membrane performed better than the 1.2- mu m membrane, giving a higher flux as well as higher removal of color and COD. The optimum PAC dose for CFMF was found to be 30 g/L whereas the optimum value for the batch test was found to be 60 g/L.
JF  - Separation Science and Technology
AU  - Visvanathan, C
AU  - Muttamara, S
AU  - Babel, S
AU  - Aim, R B
AD  - Environ. Eng. Div., Asian Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok, Thailand
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 315
EP  - 332
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
SN  - 0149-6395, 0149-6395
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - activated carbon
KW  - membranes
KW  - wastewater treatment
KW  - leachates
KW  - landfills
KW  - waste management
KW  - filtration
KW  - ozonation
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT
KW  - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - landfills; leachates; wastewater treatment; filtration; ozonation; membranes; activated carbon; waste management; waste disposal
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - PCBs as Environmental Estrogens: Turtle Sex Determination as a Biomarker of Environmental Contamination
AN  - 14348238; 10489908
AB  - PCBs may be capable of interfering in reproduction by acting as estrogenic compounds. Turtle sex is determined by the temperature at which the eggs are incubated. Colder temperatures result in production of males and warmer temperatures result in females. Intermediate temperatures produce various male/female ratios. Turtle eggs were exposed to 11 PCBs, and estradiol 17- beta as positive control. At temperatures that would normally produce males, two congeners produced more than the expected number of females. In further testing, a combination of the two congeners demonstrated synergistic increase in feminizing effects.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bergeron, Judith M
AU  - Crews, David
AU  - McLachlan, John A
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 780
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SEX COMPARISONS
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - TURTLES
KW  - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL
KW  - TEMPERATURE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14348238?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=PCBs+as+Environmental+Estrogens%3A+Turtle+Sex+Determination+as+a+Biomarker+of+Environmental+Contamination&rft.au=Bergeron%2C+Judith+M%3BCrews%2C+David%3BMcLachlan%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Bergeron&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=780&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; TURTLES; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS; HORMONES; TEMPERATURE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Downstream in America
AN  - 14347536; 10489902
AB  - Both the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act must be reauthorized during 1994, and industry opposes any major restructuring, citing the effectiveness of the present laws. While declines in water pollution are generally accepted as true, the condition of the nation's surface waters is difficult to ascertain, because of variations in each state's reporting methods, and because such a low number of the waterways have been assessed. One nationwide study showed conducted by FWS showed that the concentration of cadmium, lead, and arsenic in fish declined in fish from 1976 to 1986, but the level of mercury remained unchanged. Herbicide content of streams was the subject of the only other national study to date. Nonpoint source pollution now accounts for the majority of water pollution. Human health studies often concentrate on consumption of fish, and most studies have been conducted in the Great Lakes area. Since 1972, the US has spent $590 billion on control of water pollution, and industry is opposed to implementation of the polluter pays principle.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fisher, Brandy E
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 740
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MONITORING, WATER
KW  - CLEAN WATER ACT
KW  - GREAT LAKES
KW  - NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION
KW  - SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT 74
KW  - WATER QUALITY PROGRAMS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347536?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Downstream+in+America&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Brandy+E&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Brandy&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=740&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, WATER; NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION; SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT 74; CLEAN WATER ACT; GREAT LAKES; WATER QUALITY PROGRAMS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Activity of Human Carcinogens and NTP Rodent Carcinogens in the Mouse Bone Marrow Micronucleus Assay: An Integrative Approach to Genetic Toxicity Data Assessment
AN  - 14347243; 10489905
AB  - Human carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chemicals are often investigated using the mouse bone marrow micronucleus (MN) assay. However, a recent study showed that 80% of the chemicals identified as carcinogenic to rodents by the US National Toxicology Program were negative in the MN assay, and that the rate of false positives among noncarcinogenic agents as identified by NTP was as high as 20%. A review of literature data for the 9 NTP positive compounds, 26 human carcinogens, and 6 compounds known to be genotoxic in rodents was conducted to determine the minimum dose required to obtain a positive reaction, and the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte maximum fold increase. Vitamin C and fotemustine were used as MN positive compounds that are noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic, respectively. The data for each were synthesized and examined to demonstrate a method for assessing cancer risk to humans from these compounds. The results showed that stress may cause some MN weak responses when high doses of the chemicals are administered.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tinwell, Helen
AU  - Ashby, John
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 758
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347243?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparative+Activity+of+Human+Carcinogens+and+NTP+Rodent+Carcinogens+in+the+Mouse+Bone+Marrow+Micronucleus+Assay%3A+An+Integrative+Approach+to+Genetic+Toxicity+Data+Assessment&rft.au=Tinwell%2C+Helen%3BAshby%2C+John&rft.aulast=Tinwell&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=758&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; BIOASSAY; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Biomarker Approach to Assessing Xenobiotic Exposure in Atlantic Tomcod from the North American Atlantic Coast
AN  - 14346866; 10489906
AB  - Samples of tomcod were collected from five rivers along Atlantic coast of North American and examined for abnormalities in cytochrome P4501A mRNA and DNA adducts from the liver, and for biliary fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) to determine if any of these parameters could serve as a bioindicator of PAH exposure. Fish from the most polluted river, the Hudson, showed the greatest change in all parameters. Tomcod from the most pristine of the rivers, the Margaree and Saco/Royal Rivers, did not show any alteration in any of the biomarkers. Fish from the St. Lawrence and Miramachi Rivers demonstrated elevation of two and one of the biomarkers, respectively.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wirgin, Isaac I
AU  - Grunwald, Cheryl
AU  - Courtenay, Simon
AU  - Kreamer, Guat-Lian
AU  - Reichert, William L
AU  - Stein, John E
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 764
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, FISH
KW  - UNITED STATES NORTHEAST
KW  - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
KW  - RIVERS
KW  - FISH, FRESHWATER
KW  - HUDSON RIVER
KW  - ST LAWRENCE RIVER
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14346866?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Biomarker+Approach+to+Assessing+Xenobiotic+Exposure+in+Atlantic+Tomcod+from+the+North+American+Atlantic+Coast&rft.au=Wirgin%2C+Isaac+I%3BGrunwald%2C+Cheryl%3BCourtenay%2C+Simon%3BKreamer%2C+Guat-Lian%3BReichert%2C+William+L%3BStein%2C+John+E&rft.aulast=Wirgin&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, FISH; UNITED STATES NORTHEAST; RIVERS; FISH, FRESHWATER; HUDSON RIVER; ST LAWRENCE RIVER; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - High Levels of Mercury Contamination in Multiple Media of the Carson River Drainage Basin of Nevada: Implications for Risk Assessment
AN  - 14345320; 10489907
AB  - The Carson River basin of Nevada became contaminated with mercury during the 1800s because of gold and silver mining operations. The site is unusual because of the naturally occurring mercury. A survey of mercury contamination of various media at several sites within the basin was conducted. Maximum concentrations in mine tailings, reservoir water, and atmospheric vapor were 1610 mu g/g, 591 ng/l, and 294 ng/m super(3), respectively. Concentrations were up to five orders of magnitude above background levels. Spatial and temporal variations were found.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gustin, Mae Sexauer
AU  - Taylor, George E
AU  - Leonard, Todd L
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 772
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NEVADA
KW  - MONITORING, WATER
KW  - RIVER BASINS
KW  - MINE TAILINGS
KW  - SPATIAL COMPARISONS
KW  - MONITORING, AIR
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14345320?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=High+Levels+of+Mercury+Contamination+in+Multiple+Media+of+the+Carson+River+Drainage+Basin+of+Nevada%3A+Implications+for+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Gustin%2C+Mae+Sexauer%3BTaylor%2C+George+E%3BLeonard%2C+Todd+L&rft.aulast=Gustin&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=772&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, AIR; NEVADA; MONITORING, WATER; RIVER BASINS; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; MINE TAILINGS; MERCURY; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rock n' Roll Refrigerator
AN  - 14345167; 10489904
AB  - Research into cooling for air conditioning and refrigeration by thermoacoustics is briefly described. The method uses soundwaves generated in xenon or helium filled chambers. The sound waves compress and heat the gas molecules. After heat is transferred to rolls of plastic film, the molecules cool and expand. The technology has already been used on the space shuttle. Other potential uses include refrigeration units for remote areas of the world, and on commercial fishing vessels. However, the present technology requires twice as much electricity as conventional refrigerators, and efficiency is questionable. However, improved technology could provide attractive alternatives to the refrigeration industry that has become dependent on CFCs.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pinholster, Ginger
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 754
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
KW  - REFRIGERATION
KW  - ACOUSTICS
KW  - COMPRESSION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14345167?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rock+%26lt%3B%27%26gt%3Bn%27+Roll+Refrigerator&rft.au=Pinholster%2C+Ginger&rft.aulast=Pinholster&rft.aufirst=Ginger&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=754&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS; REFRIGERATION; ACOUSTICS; COMPRESSION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - What Is the Role of Environmental Health Science in Cancer Prevention?
AN  - 14344145; 10489901
AB  - Cancer is not a recent disease resulting from industrialization, but the discovery of occupational and environmental exposure to various chemicals as a cause of specific types of cancers is a recent discovery. Geographic location, personal and cultural habits, certain diseases, and genetic makeup are also implicated as causes for certain types of cancers. The possibility of exposure to multiple carcinogenic factor is great. Results of studies on animal models, while valuable, cannot be extrapolated to humans. However, we must rely on the knowledge we have to try devise sensible ways to minimize carcinogen exposure.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sugimura, Takashi
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 728
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14344145?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=What+Is+the+Role+of+Environmental+Health+Science+in+Cancer+Prevention%3F&rft.au=Sugimura%2C+Takashi&rft.aulast=Sugimura&rft.aufirst=Takashi&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - MCS: A Sensitive Issue
AN  - 14340780; 10489903
AB  - The existence of multiple chemical sensitivity as a physical rather than a psychiatric ailment, or a combination of physical and psychiatric ailments is under investigation. The disease is recognized in the Americans with Disabilities Act, but not by the center for Disease Control, although the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry is attempting to form an international group to study the issue. Brief summaries of several studies on both sides of the issue are presented. Veterans of the Gulf War have complained of symptoms that may be attributable to MCS. A study sanctioned by the army and veterans groups is underway to determine if the illness is real. Patients will be detoxified for several days in a clean room, followed by challenges with such low doses of chemicals that they will not be detectable to the patients.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Twombly, Renee
Y1  - 1994/09//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Sep 1994
SP  - 746
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 9
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION, MULTIPLE
KW  - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
KW  - SENSITIVITY
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14340780?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=MCS%3A+A+Sensitive+Issue&rft.au=Twombly%2C+Renee&rft.aulast=Twombly&rft.aufirst=Renee&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=746&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION, MULTIPLE; PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS; SENSITIVITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Albert Einstein Distinguished Educators Fellowship Act of 1994. Report To Accompany S. 2104. 103D Congress, 2d Session, Senate.
AN  - 62745759; ED382605
AB  - This document contains the text of the "Albert Einstein Distinguished Educators Fellowship Act of 1994" (S. 2104) along with related analysis. The bill establishes a Department of Energy (DOE) fellowship program for math and science teachers that provides them opportunities to work at DOE labs in order to enhance coordination and communication among the educational community, the Congress, and the Executive Agencies responsible for developing and administering federal education programs. Following the text of the bill is a discussion of background and need and a description of DOE mathematics and science programs. A report on the bill's legislative history is included along with committee recommendations and a tabulation of committee votes. A Committee amendment expands the program to authorize fellowships in other parts of the Federal government, directs the Secretary of Energy to administer the program, broadens the qualification criteria for recipients, and authorizes a partnership with the Waste Management Education & Research Consortium. The document includes a section-by-section analysis, a statement of cost and budgetary considerations, regulatory impact evaluation, recounting of relevant executive communications, and a letter from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (JB)
Y1  - 1994/08/18/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Aug 18
SP  - 12
KW  - Department of Energy
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Teachers
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Agency Cooperation
KW  - Mathematics Teachers
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Faculty Fellowships
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - Faculty Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745759?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see SP 035 967.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Options for Restructuring the Federal Employment and Training System. Hearing before the Employment, Housing, and Aviation Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62638296; ED385713
AB  - These Congressional hearings contain testimony regarding options for restructuring the federal employment and training system. Representatives of the following agencies and organizations provided testimony at the hearings: National Commission on Employment Policy; Health, Education and Human Services Division, Education and Employment Issues, U.S. General Accounting Office; Employment, Housing, and Aviation Subcommittee; Minnesota Teamster Service Bureau; and New York State Job Training Partnership Council. Among the topics discussed during the hearings were the following: duplication of services by existing programs; benefits and drawbacks of consolidating existing federal programs; the availability and adequacy of information about the outcomes and effectiveness of individual programs; efforts directed toward comprehensive planning and programming from 1960-1994; ways in which selected legislative proposals address concerns regarding multiple federal employment training programs; the state of New York's GATEWAY initiative and Workforce Preparation Evaluation Act; and efforts of the Minnesota Teamsters Service Bureau to assist dislocated workers, improve workplace literacy, and prepare tomorrow's workers. (MN)
Y1  - 1994/08/04/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Aug 04
SP  - 136
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160464722
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Job Training Partnership Act 1982
KW  - Minnesota
KW  - New York
KW  - Program Duplication
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - State Legislation
KW  - Workplace Literacy
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Job Skills
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Dislocated Workers
KW  - Cost Effectiveness
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Employment Programs
KW  - Information Needs
KW  - Labor Force Development
KW  - Education Work Relationship
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Unions
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Literacy Education
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62638296?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains small type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Joint Hearing on H.R. 4086, the Youth Development Block Grant Act. Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights and the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives. One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62633586; ED389801
AB  - A hearing was held on H.R. 4086, the Youth Development Block Grant of 1993, a bipartisan bill introduced by Representatives Constance A. Morella (Maryland) and Donald M. Payne (New Jersey). The purpose of the initiative was to expand community-based youth development programs for youth aged 6 to 19 years. The bill was supported by the National Collaboration of Youth, a coalition of 15 major youth serving organizations, collectively serving over 25 million young people. The bill would fund programs that help youth reach their fullest potential through youth clubs, sports and recreation, mentoring programs, leadership development, substance abuse and delinquency prevention, and community service programs. Fund allocation would be based on a state's total school-age population, the percentage of that population living in poverty, and the increase of juvenile crime in the state. Although the opening statement by Representative Cass Ballenger (North Carolina) expressed doubts that the bill was necessary, statements by the bill's sponsors advocated its passage. A number of representatives of youth programs spoke about the necessity for such programs and the need for further funding. Their remarks are followed by their prepared statements and supporting documentation, including some descriptions of successful programs. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994/08/04/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Aug 04
SP  - 158
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160466393
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Low Income Groups
KW  - Athletics
KW  - Community Programs
KW  - Delinquency
KW  - Resource Allocation
KW  - Youth Programs
KW  - Mentors
KW  - Block Grants
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Recreational Activities
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
KW  - Urban Youth
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62633586?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-119.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Condition of Education, 1994.
AN  - 62824386; ED371491
AB  - The current status of education for 1994 is presented in the form of education "indicators"--key data that measure the health of education, monitor important developments, and show trends in major aspects of education. The 60 indicators have been divided into 6 areas: (1) access, participation, and progress; (2) achievement, attainment, and curriculum; (3) economic and other outcomes of education; (4) size, growth, and output of educational institutions; (5) climate, classrooms, and diversity in educational institutions; and (6) human and financial resources of educational institutions. The report includes the text, tables, and charts for each indicator plus the technical supporting data, supplemental information, and data sources. Information on issues in elementary and secondary education are integrated with those on issues in postsecondary education to reflect the continuity of educational experiences. An overview synthesizes evidence from both the 60 indicators and other sources on selected issues: (1) a review of the educational status of high-school students 10 years after the publication of "A Nation at Risk"; (2) a discussion of teachers as an educational resource; (3) progress in the achievement and attainment of black students relative to whites; and (4) a description of the subbaccalaureate sector of postsecondary education. Appendices contain 156 supplemental tables and notes, a list of data sources, a glossary, an index, and a list of National Center for Education publications. (LMI)
AU  - Smith, Thomas M.
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
SP  - 475
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451302
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - School Demography
KW  - Access to Education
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Educational Attainment
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Ethnic Distribution
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Educational Resources
KW  - Government Publications
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62824386?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For 1993 report, see ED 357 513.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The National Assessment of College Student Learning: Identification of the Skills To Be Taught, Learned, and Assessed. A Report on the Proceedings of the Study Design Workshop (2nd, Arlington, Virginia, November 17-18, 1992). Research and Development Report.
AN  - 62824175; ED372717
AB  - This report presents the primary papers given at a 1992 workshop to identify specific higher order thinking and communication skills and to develop appropriate indicators of collegiate outcomes as suggested by Goal 5.5 of the National Education Goals formulated in 1990. This goal addressed improvement in college graduates' ability to "think critically, communicate effectively, and solve problems." Part 1 presents the five papers upon which the working groups built their discussions. These papers are: (1) "Skills for Citizenship" (Suzanne W. Morse); (2) "A National Assessment of Critical Thinking Skills in Adults: Taking Steps Toward the Goal" (Diane F. Halpern); (3) "Assessing Thinking: A Framework for Measuring Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Skills at the College Level" (David Perkins et al.); (4) "Assessing Speaking and Listening: Preliminary Considerations for a National Assessment" (John A. Daly); and (5) "No Guru, No Method, No Teacher: The Communication Domain and the NACSL (National Assessment of College Student Learning)" by Stephen P. Witte. Part 2 includes group summary reports, reviewers' comments, a listing of speaking and listening skills, and additional information on an ongoing Delphi study at Pennsylvania State University. Part 3 presents comments by participants on the conference products and results of a survey of all participants. Consensus on "next steps" included recommending further development of the taxonomy of skills, abilities, and competencies. (The five papers contain references.) (DB)
AU  - Greenwood, Addison
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
SP  - 321
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451469
KW  - Indicators
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Citizenship
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Writing Skills
KW  - Reading Skills
KW  - Critical Thinking
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Communication Skills
KW  - Speech Skills
KW  - Delphi Technique
KW  - Standards
KW  - College Outcomes Assessment
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Listening Skills
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62824175?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related reports, see HE 027 673, ED 363 177, E
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - A Preliminary Study of the Feasibility and Utility for National Policy of Instructional "Good Practice" Indicators in Undergraduate Education. Contractor Report.
AN  - 62820934; ED372718
AB  - This paper on the feasibility of using teaching practices as indicators of student learning was developed as part of an ongoing project to develop a process for the assessment of college student learning in the context of National Education Goal 5, Objective 5, which aims to increase the proportion of college graduates with "advanced ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and solve problems." The paper reviews the empirical research literature in three areas: (1) effects of institutional requirements including the relationship between outcomes and specific curricular requirements or coursetaking patterns, particular instructional designs, and expected levels of student performance; (2) effects of instructional practices such as class size and structure, specific classroom activities and behaviors, and influences of the institutional environment; and (3) effects of student behavior including relationships between outcomes and student time-on-task, quality of effort, and overall involvement. Available mechanisms for gathering information about educational practices and student experiences were also examined. Conclusions suggest that indicators based on student behaviors and "active learning" instructional processes gathered through student and faculty questionnaires would be most promising for development as potential national indicators, supplemented by transcript studies and assessments of typical college examinations and assignments. Contains 190 references.
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
SP  - 68
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-437
KW  - Indicators
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Instructional Effectiveness
KW  - Undergraduate Study
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - College Environment
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Student Development
KW  - Required Courses
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Curriculum
KW  - College Outcomes Assessment
KW  - Student Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Student Behavior
KW  - Student Motivation
KW  - Class Size
KW  - Time on Task
KW  - Teaching Methods
KW  - Educational Quality
KW  - Academic Standards
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62820934?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see HE 027 672, ED 363 177,
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Current Funds Revenues and Expenditures of Institutions of Higher Education: Fiscal Years 1984 through 1992. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62745962; ED374726
AB  - This report presents 22 tables of revenue and expenditure data on the nation's accredited institutions of higher education over the 9-year period from fiscal year 1984 through fiscal year 1992. Data are from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) "Finance" surveys from fiscal year 1987 (FY 87) through fiscal year 1992 (FY 92) and the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) from fiscal year 1984 (FY 84) through fiscal year 1986 (FY 86). These surveys collected information on revenues and expenditures, expenditures on scholarships and fellowships, and other financial data. Tables cover: sources of revenues and purposes for expenditures for all institutions, public institutions, and private institutions for fiscal years 1984-1992; revenues and expenditures of 4-year institutions and 2-year institutions for fiscal year 1992; revenues and expenditures of all institutions, 4-year, and 2-year institutions by selected categories and state; comparison of fiscal year 1991 and 1992 revenue and expenditures of all institutions, public institutions, and private institutions by state; revenues and expenditures of private nonprofit institutions for fiscal year 1992; revenues and expenditures by control of institution and source or purpose for fiscal years 1984 through 1992; and consumer price index (CPI) factors for fiscal years 1984 through 1992. Includes a glossary and an appended section detailing survey methodology. (JB)
AU  - Barbett, Samuel
AU  - Korb, Roslyn A.
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
SP  - 46
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451922
KW  - Consumer Price Index
KW  - Higher Education General Information Survey
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Two Year Colleges
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Private Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Income
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Nonprofit Organizations
KW  - State Colleges
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745962?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For FY83-FY91 data, see ED 357 668.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Public Libraries in the United States: 1992. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62743459; ED374810
AB  - The tables in this report summarize information about public libraries in fiscal year 1992. These data were collected through the fifth Public Libraries Survey. Respondents for this census were the 8,946 public libraries identified in the 50 states and the District of Columbia by state library agencies. Nearly 71 percent of the population of legally served areas in the United States was served by 957 (nearly 11 percent) public libraries; over 81 percent of public libraries had only 1 service outlet; total operating expenditures for public libraries were over $4.5 billion in 1992; and public libraries reported a total of 109,933 paid full-time equivalent staff. This report begins by presenting highlights of the findings. The introduction then describes the terminology used in the document; the universe represented by the data; data collection and use the of technology; and quality review of the data. Also included are caveats for using the data; information on ordering machine readable data and publications; and a source for further information on public library statistics. The data are presented in 17 pairs of tables, which make up the major part of the report. The information includes data on staffing; operating income and expenditures; type of governance; type of administrative structure; size of collection; and service measures such as reference transactions, public service hours, interlibrary loans, circulation, and library visits. The appendixes include background on the Federal State Cooperative System (FSCS), a glossary, and a list of states with overlapping population of legal service areas. (JLB)
AU  - Chute, Adrienne
AU  - Kroe, Elaine
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
SP  - 146
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451310
KW  - National Center for Education Statistics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Library Statistics
KW  - Library Collections
KW  - Public Libraries
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Library Circulation
KW  - Library Expenditures
KW  - State Libraries
KW  - Library Surveys
KW  - Library Funding
KW  - Reference Services
KW  - Branch Libraries
KW  - Interlibrary Loans
KW  - Nonprint Media
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62743459?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1991 report, see ED 357 769. For database
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Trends in Artist Occupations: 1970-1990. Report #29.
AN  - 62555856; ED408202
AB  - This report examines the characteristics of the artist population in 1990 and compares them to the 1980 and 1970 census results. Artist occupations selected for study include: actors and directors; announcers; architects; authors; dancers; designers; musicians and composers; painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers; photographers; teachers of art, drama and music in higher education; and artists, performers, and related workers not classified elsewhere. The study examines: (1) "Growth in the Artist Work Force"; (2) "Geographic Trends"; (3) "Demographic Trends"; (4) "Trends Among Women and Minority Artists"; (5) "Age Trends"; (6) "Education Trends"; (7) "Full Time Work Last Year"; (8) "Earnings Trends"; and (9) "Occupation Profiles." Findings indicate that very significant changes have occurred over the target time period. Artists have become more geographically diverse over the two decades. Growth among artist occupations has substantially outdistanced that for the labor force as a whole and for all professional occupations, of which artists account for about one-tenth. Incomes for artists, however, lag significantly behind those for other professionals of equal education and training. The report includes extensive tables and graphs of statistical information. (MM)
AU  - Ellis, Diane C.
AU  - Beresford, John C.
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
SP  - 120
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - Earning Potential
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Artists
KW  - Musicians
KW  - Dance
KW  - Employment Statistics
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Occupational Surveys
KW  - Acting
KW  - Architects
KW  - Craft Workers
KW  - Population Trends
KW  - Photography
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62555856?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1970-1980 edition, see ED 288 758.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - China's economy in 1993 and 1994: the search for a soft landing
T2  - EA 94-10016 PB94-928203
AN  - 59709950; 1996-0408470
AB  - Examines efforts to moderate growth, recentralize some authority, revise the tax system, increase the central bank role, facilitate privatization, revise the regulatory structure in the financial sectors, and otherwise encourage sustainable development. Includes an analysis of economic conditions in different sectors of the economy, including agriculture, industry, finance, and foreign trade and investment.
JF  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, August 1994. vii+36 pp.
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - August 1994
EP  - vii+36
PB  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540
KW  - Central banks
KW  - China (People's Republic) -- Tax policy
KW  - China (People's Republic) -- Fiscal policy
KW  - China (People's Republic) -- Commercial policy
KW  - China (People's Republic) -- Economic policy
KW  - Economic stabilization -- China (People's Republic)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59709950?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=document&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-06-04&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160413036&rft.btitle=Congressional+Oversight+Hearing+on+Local+Gang+Diversion+Programs.+Hearing+before+the+Subcommittee+on+Human+Resources+of+the+Committee+on+Education+and+Labor.+House+of+Representatives%2C+103rd+Congress%2C+First+Session+%28El+Monte%2C+California%29.&rft.title=Congressional+Oversight+Hearing+on+Local+Gang+Diversion+Programs.+Hearing+before+the+Subcommittee+on+Human+Resources+of+the+Committee+on+Education+and+Labor.+House+of+Representatives%2C+103rd+Congress%2C+First+Session+%28El+Monte%2C+California%29.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service $19.50
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Endocrine Effects of Prenatal Exposure to PCBs, Dioxins, and Other Xenobiotics: Implications for Policy and Future Research
AN  - 14350388; 10487522
AB  - Published data on the effects of environmental estrogens, dioxin, and PCBs on the endocrine systems of unborn children are cited to show that the unborn may represent a population at special risk from these chemicals. Recent observations suggest that the hormonal effects may be multifactorial. The impacts of these findings on federal policy and future research are discussed briefly.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Birnbaum, Linda S
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Aug 1994
SP  - 676
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - DIOXINS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14350388?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Endocrine+Effects+of+Prenatal+Exposure+to+PCBs%2C+Dioxins%2C+and+Other+Xenobiotics%3A+Implications+for+Policy+and+Future+Research&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+Linda+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 53 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; DIOXINS; HORMONES; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Reproducibility of super(109)Cd-Based X-Ray Fluorescence Measurements of Bone Lead
AN  - 14347276; 10487524
AB  - Bone lead concentrations were determined in phantoms and in human subjects using an improved cadmium-109-based x-ray fluorescence system. For the phantom, 220 measurements were obtained over a 6-month period to assess the reproducibility of the measurements. Results indicated a standard deviation of 1.29 mu g Pb/g plaster of paris. In the human subjects, the mean standard deviation was found to be 3.4 and 5.1 mu g Pb/g bone mineral for males and females, respectively, when measured over a 10-month period. No significant differences were noted between measured Pb concentrations in the left and right tibia, suggesting that either leg can be used for comparison over time. The data indicated that the super(109)Cd-based fluorescence system can be used to obtain accurate assessments of Pb mobilization from bone in longitudinal studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Gordon, Chris L
AU  - Webber, Colin E
AU  - Chettle, David R
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Aug 1994
SP  - 690
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING
KW  - FLUORESCENCE
KW  - LEAD
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347276?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Reproducibility+of+super%28109%29Cd-Based+X-Ray+Fluorescence+Measurements+of+Bone+Lead&rft.au=Gordon%2C+Chris+L%3BWebber%2C+Colin+E%3BChettle%2C+David+R&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; FLUORESCENCE; LEAD; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Developmental Abnormalities of the Gonad and Abnormal Sex Hormone Concentrations in Juvenile Alligators from Contaminated and Control Lakes in Florida
AN  - 14346710; 10487523
AB  - Alligator eggs were collected from nests on two lakes in Florida-Lake Apopka, which is adjacent to an EPA Superfund site; and Lake Woodruff, which was used as a control-and neonatal alligators were studied for developmental abnormalities of the gonads and abnormal sex hormone concentrations over a 6-month period. Female juvenile alligators from Lake Apopka had significantly higher plasma estradiol-17 beta concentrations compared to females from Lake Woodruff. Male juveniles from Lake Woodruff exhibited a mean plasma testosterone concentration that was almost four times higher that in males from Lake Apopka. Both males and females from Lake Woodruff had unstimulated, normal plasma estradiol/testosterone ratios, while those from Lake Apopka had significantly elevated ratios. Upon stimulation with luteinizing hormone, a similar relationship was noted in circulating hormone concentrations and estradiol/testosterone ratios. The poorly organized testes and abnormally small phalli found in male juveniles from Lake Apopka indicated that normal steriodogenesis would not be possible and that normal sexual maturation was unlikely.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Guillete, Louis J
AU  - Gross, Timothy S
AU  - Masson, Greg R
AU  - Matter, John M
AU  - Percival, HFranklin
AU  - Woodward, Allan R
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Aug 1994
SP  - 680
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - FLORIDA
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - WATER POLLUTION DAMAGE
KW  - ALLIGATORS
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL
KW  - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14346710?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Developmental+Abnormalities+of+the+Gonad+and+Abnormal+Sex+Hormone+Concentrations+in+Juvenile+Alligators+from+Contaminated+and+Control+Lakes+in+Florida&rft.au=Guillete%2C+Louis+J%3BGross%2C+Timothy+S%3BMasson%2C+Greg+R%3BMatter%2C+John+M%3BPercival%2C+HFranklin%3BWoodward%2C+Allan+R&rft.aulast=Guillete&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=680&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - WATER POLLUTION DAMAGE; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; ALLIGATORS; FLORIDA; HORMONES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inconsistencies and Open Questions Regarding Low-Dose Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation
AN  - 14346666; 10487521
AB  - The Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BIER) V Committee, composed of 17 experts on radiation epidemiology, issued a definitive report in 1990 on the health effects of low-dose radiation. The BIER V report has been cited widely in other studies, despite the acknowledgment of several critical areas of uncertainty and controversy, particularly with regard to estimates of radiogenic risk pertaining to anthropogenic increases in low-dose exposures above natural background levels. These inconsistencies are addressed by looking at the contradictory findings of radiation health effects that have been reported for the same exposed populations when different populations and exposure conditions were compared. Several studies are reviewed that have found positive associations between exposure and risks in dose ranges where traditional notions would have predicted negligible effects. Recommendations are proposed for new research.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nussbaum, Rudi H
AU  - Kohnlein, Wolfgang
Y1  - 1994/08//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Aug 1994
SP  - 656
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 8
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC, LOW LEVEL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14346666?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Inconsistencies+and+Open+Questions+Regarding+Low-Dose+Health+Effects+of+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Nussbaum%2C+Rudi+H%3BKohnlein%2C+Wolfgang&rft.aulast=Nussbaum&rft.aufirst=Rudi&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=656&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES; RADIATION, ATOMIC, LOW LEVEL
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Technology Deployment and Interoperability in the National Information Infrastructure. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Technology, Environment and Aviation of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62744025; ED381131
AB  - This document presents the proceedings of a Congressional hearing on private sector initiatives to develop the National Information Infrastructure (NII) with a focus on understanding the nature of industry investment in the NII and how those investments will contribute to the Administration's goals for NII. Statements are provided by the following witnesses: Clark S. Ryan, Chief Technical Officer, AT&T Bell Laboratories; Ross K. Ireland, Vice President, Network Technology, Pacific Telesis Group; Stewart D. Personick, Assistant Vice President, Bellcore; and Peter P. Bassermann, Chairman, Technology and Operations Council, Cellular Telephone Industry Association and President, Southern New England Telephone Mobility. Discussion includes a hybrid fiber-optic network; the tension between open architecture and investment incentive in the initial development of an advanced NII; and technological challenges of interoperability. The following needs are identified: the reform of current federal policies, including removal of restrictions on private industry; federal support of standards and research and development of technology; maximizing social and economic benefits through an open competitive environment; consistency between industry technology deployment plans and the Administration's vision of NII; and affordable access. (AEF)
Y1  - 1994/07/26/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jul 26
SP  - 67
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160466717
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - National Information Infrastructure
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Social Influences
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Incentives
KW  - Private Sector
KW  - Economic Opportunities
KW  - Government (Administrative Body)
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Information Industry
KW  - Telephone Communications Industry
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Investment
KW  - Competition
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62744025?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reemployment Act and WARN: Helping Workers Make Successful Transitions. Hearing on Authorizing Funds to State and Local Governments To Provide Job Search Assistance, Career Counseling, Skills Assessment, and Job Training Referral for Permanently Laid-Off Workers and Long-Term Unemployed Individuals before the Subcommittee on Labor of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62742467; ED382777
AB  - This document contains the oral and written statements of witnesses who testified at a hearing on the Reemployment and Retraining Act of 1994 and the WARN [Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification] Amendments Act. Witnesses included Senator Howard Metzenbaum of Ohio, several union and public employment program officials from several states, and several dislocated workers. Additional material submitted for the report includes questions submitted by Senator Metzenbaum to several state and federal officials, a summary of a publication of the Association of Outplacement Consulting Firms International, and several communications to local officials. The witnesses testified about the need for a one-stop service that would link dislocated workers with unemployment benefits, job retraining programs, income-replacement during retraining, and social services programs. Several examples of local and state programs were described. Witnesses also stressed the need for early warnings about plant and office closings so that agencies and workers can prepare for retraining and career change. (KC)
Y1  - 1994/07/26/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jul 26
SP  - 58
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160459044
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Job Layoff
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Retraining
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Dislocated Workers
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Programs
KW  - Employment Practices
KW  - Labor Needs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742467?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on School Violence. Hearing before the Subcommittee, on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62737853; ED380723
AB  - This government report presents in total the hearing on school violence held before the subcommittee on elementary, secondary, and vocational education. Included here are statistics on school violence and a list of some of the programs aimed at stopping violence in the schools. The report also features testimony from congressional representatives, a school corporation superintendent, the president of an educational association, a high-school principal, a student, a school psychologist, a school district security officer, and a development manager of a housing project. Many of these individuals delivered prepared statements and provided supplemental materials, including a report on preventing school violence and effective methods for improving school safety. (RJM)
Y1  - 1994/07/20/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jul 20
SP  - 128
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Crime Prevention
KW  - Crime
KW  - Delinquency
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School Security
KW  - Children
KW  - Violence
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Schools
KW  - Educational Environment
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62737853?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-93.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Education Data Confidentiality: Two Studies. Issues in Education Data Confidentiality and Access and Compilation of Statutes, Laws, and Regulations Related to the Confidentiality of Education Data.
AN  - 62824081; ED373117
AB  - Two studies were commissioned by the National Forum on Education Statistics to address concerns about the confidentiality and security of education data. The first, "Issues in Education Data Confidentiality and Access," by Ellen Pechman, Eileen O'Brien, Amy Hightower, and Angela Williams covers major court challenges, data collection issues germane to education, and trends anticipated to affect data confidentiality policy. A central theme derived from telephone interviews with 11 state and local managers and users of education data is that while automation of student data systems in schools, districts, and states is still in early stages, national guidelines and standards are needed to build in protection that ensures individual privacy and supports efficient data collection. The second paper, "Compilation of Statutes, Laws, and Regulations Related to the Confidentiality of Education Data," by Sonny S. Bloom, Jacqueline Hlavin, Julia Pelagatti, and David Banisar, contains a survey of 34 states, abstracts, and analysis of federal and state restrictions and stipulations regarding data confidentiality issues. (The first paper contains 13 references.) (SLD)
AU  - Pechman, Ellen M.
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 86
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160450756
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Legislation
KW  - Civil Liberties
KW  - Confidentiality
KW  - School Districts
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Telephone Surveys
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Freedom of Information
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Information Management
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Court Litigation
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62824081?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Prepared for the Steering Committee and the Techno
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Descriptive Summary of 1989-90 Beginning Postsecondary Students: Two Years Later. Contractor Report. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62821038; ED372691
AB  - This report is a descriptive summary of data from the first follow-up of the 1990/92 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS:90/92), a comprehensive examination of information on enrollment, persistence, and attainment in postsecondary education for students who began postsecondary education in 1989-90 regardless of when they completed high school. The BPS data also include detailed information about financial aid, employment, family formation, and civic and political participation of students. The BPS sample of 6,500 students was drawn from first-time students who participated in the 1990 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS). Among these first findings are: (1) about half of the students originally enrolled in 2- to 3-year institutions, 42 percent enrolled in 4-year institutions and 9 percent enrolled in less-than-2-year institutions; (2) 47 percent of those who aspired to 2 or more years of college (but less than a bachelor's degree) when they first enrolled in postsecondary education, did not re-enroll in 1990-91; (3) during the first year of enrollment, 45 percent received some kind of financial aid; (4) of beginning students who worked while enrolled (87 percent of all students), 76 percent considered their primary role that of student; and (5) as of February 1992, 18 percent of the sample were married and an additional 5 percent had been previously married. Detailed data are presented in 41 tables and 17 figures. Appendixes contain technical notes, methodology, and a glossary. (JB)
AU  - Fitzgerald, Robert
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 228
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160450837
KW  - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study
KW  - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Family Characteristics
KW  - Nontraditional Students
KW  - Two Year Colleges
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - School Demography
KW  - College Freshmen
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Employment
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Citizen Participation
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Demography
KW  - Followup Studies
KW  - Married Students
KW  - Academic Aspiration
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - College Students
KW  - Academic Persistence
KW  - Tables (Data)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62821038?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Quality Profile for SASS: Aspects of the Quality of Data in the Schools and Staffing Surveys (SASS).
AN  - 62820929; ED373116
AB  - This profile presents and summarizes available information about the quality of data from the five surveys that comprise the SASS, along with background material on the survey design and procedures for the following: (1) School Survey; (2) School Administrator Survey; (3) Teacher Demand and Shortage Survey; (4) Teacher Survey; and (5) Teacher Followup Survey. After an introduction, the report contains a section for each of the surveys covering frame development and sample selection, data collection and associated errors, and data processing and estimation. Each chapter also includes a section on evaluation of estimates. A final chapter discusses principal sources of error in the SASS surveys. Three exhibits and 37 tables illustrate the discussion and describe survey responses. (SLD)
AU  - Jabine, Thomas B.
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 174
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-340
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - Teacher Followup Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Error of Measurement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Research Design
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Estimation (Mathematics)
KW  - Profiles
KW  - Data Processing
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Sampling
KW  - Data Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62820929?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Indian Education Amendments. Report from the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, 103d Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62820303; ED372902
AB  - This report presents the text, background, and analysis of proposed amendments to the Indian Education Act of 1972. The amendments reauthorize the Indian Education Act, revise existing law to improve administration of Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) education programs, and incorporate school reform legislation enacted in Goals 2000 (the Educate America Act). The Indian Education Act funds 185 BIA-operated or tribally operated schools and dormitories on 63 American Indian reservations; supplemental programs for Indian children in over 1,200 public school districts; and competitive grants to support planning, demonstration projects, fellowships and professional development for Indians, and agency administrative budgets. While reauthorizing formula grants for supplemental programs, the amendments specify minimums for program enrollment and funding; require applicants to provide a comprehensive plan covering objectives, coordination of funds, teacher training, student evaluation, and dissemination of assessment results to parents; and require the school district to assess Indian student needs. The amendments also reauthorize the six Indian Education Technical Assistance Centers, provide educational planning grants to tribal governments, provide for revision of BIA education standards to reflect community goals, authorize new funding for Indian and Alaska Native language instruction, address the enormous backlog of needs for school construction, and change criteria for investment of endowment funds of the tribally controlled community colleges. Includes a Congressional Budget Office cost estimate. (SV)
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 49
KW  - Bureau of Indian Affairs
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Indian Education Act 1972
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Supplementary Education
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - American Indian Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62820303?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - NAEP 1992 Trends in Academic Progress. Achievement of U.S. Students in Science, 1969 to 1992 - Mathematics, 1973 to 1992 - Reading, 1971 to 1992 - Writing, 1984 to 1992.
AN  - 62747102; ED378237
AB  - Since its inception, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) has been conducting assessments of the nation's students attending public and private schools. This report presents NAEP 1992 trend data in science, mathematics, reading, and writing. Proficiency scales provide a basis for comparing student overall achievement in each of the four curriculum areas. Comparisons are provided for samples of students in grades 4, 8, and 11 for writing, and for students aged 9, 13, and 17 in the other curricular areas. About 31,000 students were involved in NAEP's 1992 trend assessments. In general, overall trends in science and mathematics show noteworthy improvements during the past decade since the 1983 publication of "A Nation At Risk," while trends for reading show declines for the same period. Between 1984 and 1992, writing performance of eleventh graders showed little change. Writing has remained relatively stable for grade 4, but there was a significant decline for grade 8 from 1984 to 1990. An upward turn since then deserves further study. Twenty-six figures and 96 tables present survey findings. Twelve tables in a procedural appendix supplement the text. A Data Appendix summarizes data for each area. (SLD)
AU  - Mullis, Ina V.
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 554
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendents of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451337
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Writing (Composition)
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Reading
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Private Schools
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747102?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Private School Universe Survey, 1991-92. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62742331; ED375163
AB  - This report on the private school universe, a data collection system developed by the National Center for Education Statistics, presents data on schools with grades kindergarten through 12 by school size, school level, religious orientation, geographical region, and program emphasis. Numbers of students and teachers are reported in the same categories, and numbers of students are also reported by grade level and religious orientation. The Private School Universe Survey of 1991-92 is the data source for this report. In the fall of 1991, there were 25,998 private elementary and secondary schools in the United States, a number not statistically different than that of 1989 which suggests an end to the recent trend of growth in the number of private schools. Approximately 80% of private schools had some religious orientation, with 34% Catholic and 45% having some other orientation. Just over 60% were elementary schools, 30% were combined schools, and only about 10% were secondary schools. About 4.9 million students were enrolled in these schools, and there were approximately 340,000 full-time-equivalent teachers. Fourteen tables present survey data. Appendix A contains 15 standard error tables, Appendix B presents the survey questionnaire, and Appendix C contains item response rates. (SLD)
AU  - Broughman, Stephen
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 77
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-350
KW  - Private School Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Item Response Theory
KW  - Statistical Studies
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Religious Education
KW  - Statistical Analysis
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Private Schools
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742331?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1989-90 survey, see ED 355 247.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - A Statistical Agenda for Early Childhood Care and Education: Addendum to "A Guide to Improving the National Education Data System" Adopted by the National Forum on Education Statistics, January 1994.
AN  - 62740072; ED375164
AB  - As a product of the Early Childhood Subcommittee of the National Education Statistics Agenda Committee of the National Forum on Education Statistics, this report evaluates the types of data needed to assess the status of children in their preschool years, evaluate the impact of their early experiences, and address policy questions related to early childhood care, education, and school readiness. It is published as an addendum to "A Guide to Improving the National Education Data System." Issues that must be considered in studies of child development include learning and developmental stages, well-being, child care, education, and the concept of readiness. Associated data collection issues are those of definition and measurement, data needs, and possible indicators for an early childhood database. Recommendations include: (1) giving high priority to developing basic indicators; (2) developing and implementing methods to assess developmental progress; (3) developing and implementing a survey of early childhood care and education programs; (4) linking developmental assessment and the survey data; and (5) undertaking longitudinal studies to assess factors affecting child well-being. An appendix lists specific examples of possible indicators for an early childhood database. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 25
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-634
KW  - Indicators
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Young Children
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Measurement Techniques
KW  - Agenda Setting
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Databases
KW  - Educational Experience
KW  - Child Rearing
KW  - Day Care
KW  - Child Development
KW  - Definitions
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - School Readiness
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62740072?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act of 1994. Senate Report (To Accompany S. 1614), 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62735332; ED381240
AB  - This report examines the background, purpose, cost, and regulatory impact of Senate Bill 1614, the proposed Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act of 1994. The purpose of the act is to reauthorize and make improvements in various federal nutrition programs, such as the National School Lunch Act and the Child Nutrition Act. The report outlines past federal support for child and family nutrition and the current need for reauthorization changes in such programs. It summarizes four hearings held by the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry on the proposed legislation and contains a section-by-section analysis of the Act. Congressional Budget Office cost estimates for the Act through 1999 are included. The bulk of the report specifies the changes that the Act will bring about in existing law. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 168
KW  - Child Nutrition Act 1966
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - National School Lunch Act 1946
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - Women Infants Children Supplemental Food Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Budgeting
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Objectives
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Lunch Programs
KW  - Cost Effectiveness
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Policy Analysis
KW  - Nutrition
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62735332?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Homicide-Suicides between Adult Sexual Intimates: An Australian Study
AN  - 61349880; 9504016
AB  - Past studies on homicide & homicide-suicides show that a disporportionate number of those that kill & subsequently take their own lives are the husbands or estranged sexual intimates of their victims. Here, retrospective data on the historical, demographic, & situational traits of this type of homicide-suicide in Australia are used to distinguish homicides of adult sexual intimates that include the suicide of the offender from those that do not. Analysis reveals little significant variation in histories of domestic violence, alcohol involvement, & unemployment between the two groups. Anecdotal case study material suggests that causation or explanatory variables cluster either around a theme of old age & ill health or control & pathological-type of possessiveness. 5 Tables, 2 Figures, 11 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior
AU  - Easteal, Patricia
AD  - Australian Instit Criminology, GPO Box 2944 Canberra ACT
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - July 1994
SP  - 140
EP  - 151
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
SN  - 0363-0234, 0363-0234
KW  - homicide-suicides, adult sexual intimates
KW  - retrospective data
KW  - Australia
KW  - Sexual Behavior
KW  - Homicide
KW  - Intimacy
KW  - Suicide
KW  - article
KW  - 2147: social problems and social welfare; sociology of crime
KW  - 1978: the family and socialization; sociology of death & dying
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61349880?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Suicide+and+Life-Threatening+Behavior&rft.atitle=Homicide-Suicides+between+Adult+Sexual+Intimates%3A+An+Australian+Study&rft.au=Easteal%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Easteal&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Suicide+and+Life-Threatening+Behavior&rft.issn=03630234&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - SLBEDP
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Homicide; Suicide; Intimacy; Sexual Behavior; Australia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - China's economic dilemmas in the 1990s: the problems of reforms, modernization, and interdependence
AN  - 38660440; 1379303
JF  - Australian journal of Chinese affairs
AU  - Brosseau, Maurice
AU  - Brosseau, Maurice
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jul 1994
SP  - 195
EP  - 197
VL  - 32
SN  - 0156-7365, 0156-7365
KW  - Economics
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Foreign policy
KW  - International relations
KW  - Political conditions
KW  - China
KW  - Economic reform
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38660440?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+Chinese+affairs&rft.atitle=China%27s+economic+dilemmas+in+the+1990s%3A+the+problems+of+reforms%2C+modernization%2C+and+interdependence&rft.au=Brosseau%2C+Maurice&rft.aulast=Brosseau&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+Chinese+affairs&rft.issn=01567365&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9664; 3989 10691; 6784; 5200 5574 10472; 93 116 30
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Refrigeration: the solar photovoltaic option
AN  - 21125036; 11085131
JF  - Energy for Sustainable Development
AU  - Rajapakse, RMAD
AD  - Energy Technology Program, Asian Institute of Technology, GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994/07//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jul 1994
SP  - 48
EP  - 49
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
SN  - 0973-0826, 0973-0826
KW  - Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - solar cells
KW  - Sustainable development
KW  - ENA 03:Energy
KW  - EE 70:Energy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21125036?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rasinski%2C+Kenneth+A.&rft.aulast=Rasinski&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0160417996&rft.btitle=America%27s+High+School+Sophomores%3A+A+Ten+Year+Comparison%2C+1980-1990.&rft.title=America%27s+High+School+Sophomores%3A+A+Ten+Year+Comparison%2C+1980-1990.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sustainable development; solar cells
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0826(08)60034-4
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator Fellowship Act of 1994. Hearing on S. 2104 To Establish within the National Laboratories of the Department of Energy a National Albert Einstein Distinguished Educator Fellowship Program, before the Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62702534; ED382604
AB  - These hearings addressed proposed Bill S. 2104 to create a Department of Energy (DOE) fellowship program for math and science teachers that would provide them opportunities to work at DOE labs in order to enhance coordination and communication among the educational community, the Congress, and the Executive Agencies responsible for developing and administering federal education programs. Following opening statements by Senators Wendell H. Ford and Mark O. Hatfield, Terry Cornwell Rumsey of the Department of Education testified on the Department's philosophy and strategies to address national education goals and in particular how S. 2104 would fit in with these and with existing programs. James A. Tegnelia of Sandia National Laboratories testified that S. 2104 would be helpful, would result in tangible improvement in DOE educational outreach programs, and should encourage participation of rural and minority school teachers. John M. Fowler of the Coalition for Science and Technology Education testified on the beginnings of the program that led to S. 2104. (It brought teachers on fellowships to work in Congressional offices and to contribute their insights into educational legislation and policymaking.) Senator Pete V. Domenici offered remarks on the importance of the proposed program. A brief discussion followed concerning similar programs at DOE, the best length for fellowships, program costs, and requirements for participants. The document contains a list and descriptions of DOE minority education programs and appendixes with response to additional questions, and additional material submitted for the record. (JB)
Y1  - 1994/06/28/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 28
SP  - 53
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160448026
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Department of Energy
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Faculty Fellowships
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - Science Teachers
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Agency Cooperation
KW  - Mathematics Teachers
KW  - Faculty Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62702534?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see SP 035 968.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act of 1994. Committee on Agriculture Report To Accompany H.R. 8. House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62693035; ED373894
AB  - This report discusses amendments offered by the Committee on Agriculture to H.R. 8, the Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act, which reauthorizes and improves the nutrition programs under the National School Lunch (NSL) Act and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966. The amendments deal with: (1) the amount of commodities provided to schools under the NSL Act; (2) the inspection of fish and fish products purchased by schools under the NSL Act; (3) waivers of statutory and regulatory requirements of NSL programs; (4) the improvement of the nutritional quality of entitlement commodities made available to schools under the NSL ACT; (5) NSL pilot projects; (6) the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Farmers; Market nutrition program; and (7) the distribution of a report on the use of private food establishments and caterers by schools participating in school lunch and breakfast programs. The report also includes a cost estimate for H.R. 8 prepared by the Congressional Budget Office. An appendix contains testimony supporting the legislation from Ellen Haas, the assistant secretary for Food and Consumer Services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Richard Pasco, a representative of the Commodity Distribution Coalition; and Marilyn Hurt, a representative of the American School Food Service Association. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/06/24/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 24
SP  - 36
KW  - Child Nutrition Act 1966
KW  - Commodity Distribution Program
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act 1994
KW  - National School Lunch Act 1946
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - Testimony
KW  - Women Infants Children Supplemental Food Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - School Activities
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Food Service
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Pilot Projects
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Food Standards
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62693035?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For Part 1, see PS 022 610.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - S. 2195. The National Public Telecommunications Infrastructure Act of 1994. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Communications of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62707830; ED376805
AB  - This hearing focused on S. 2195, the National Public Telecommunications Infrastructure Act of 1994, which would guarantee that noncommercial and public interest groups would have a place reserved on the information superhighway for the provision of free educational, informational, cultural, civic, or charitable services to the public. It was noted that approximately 100 public interest, broadcasting, educational, library, civic, and cultural groups have expressed their support for the bill, which they believe would ensure their participation on the information superhighway. This report begins with opening statements by Senators Ernest F. Hollings (South Carolina) and Daniel K. Inouye (Hawaii) and a prepared statement from Senator Conrad Burns (Montana). Prepared statements and comments from six witnesses are then presented: (1) Andrew Blau, Director, Communications Policy Project, Benton Foundation; (2) Henry J. Cauthen, President, South Carolina Educational Television Network (SCETV); (3) George P. Connick, President, University of Maine at Augusta; (4) Carol Fukunaga, Hawaii State Senate and Chair of the Communications Committee of the National Conference of State Legislature's (NCSL) State-Federal Assembly; (5) Monroe E. Price, Professor of Law, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, Yeshiva University; and (6) Anthony T. Riddle, Chairman, Alliance for Community Media and Executive Director of the Minneapolis Telecommunications Network. Appended materials include a letter to Senator Inouye from Tim Finnerty, Chair, Legislative/Public Policy Committee, Minnesota Association of Cable Television Administrators; a letter to Senator Inouye from Susan S. Littlefield, President, National Association of Telecommunications Officers and Advisors; a prepared statement from the National School Boards Association; NCTA comments on S. 2195; a prepared statement from the People for the American Way Action and Fund and Media Access Project; and a prepared statement from Senator Larry Pressler (South Dakota). (BBM)
Y1  - 1994/06/22/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 22
SP  - 66
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160460352
KW  - Charitable Organizations
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Cultural Organizations
KW  - Educational Information
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - Public Interest Groups
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Information Services
KW  - Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Public Service
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Internet
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62707830?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Legibility varies depending on print size.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Women and K-12 Science and Mathematics Education. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62704107; ED382463
AB  - This hearing is the second in a series of hearings to be held by this subcommittee on the subject of "Women in Science and in Technology." The focus is on the issues of gender bias in precollege science and mathematics education. The first panel of witnesses will present the most recent data on the achievement, participation, and treatment of girls in math and science classes at the elementary and secondary school levels, and then use this data as a basis to suggest ways to improve our educational system. Witnesses include: Susan McGee Bailey, Center for Research on Women at Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts; Jane Butler Kahle, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. The second panel of witnesses will focus on strategies and programs to increase gender equity, including both programs to provide increased math and science exposure directly to female students and strategies to provide training to teachers, parents, and guidance counselors. Witnesses on this panel include: Shirley Malcom, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, D.C.; Richard E. Stephens, Office of University and Science Education Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C.; Jane Stutsman, Directorate of Education and Human Resources, National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.; Stacy Kass, Careers and Life Planning, Girls, Inc., New York, New York; and Rebecca Failor, Math/Science Network, Oakland, California. An appendix contains a U.S. Department of Energy education programs catalog, 1994. Brief descriptions of each facility, its programs, and contact information are included. (MKR)
Y1  - 1994/06/20/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 20
SP  - 352
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160466741
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Mathematics Education Research
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Sex Bias
KW  - Social Bias
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Females
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Achievement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62704107?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Photos may not reproduce well.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act of 1994 (Commodity Letter of Credit--CLOC). Hearing on H.R. 8, before the Subcommittee on Department Operations and Nutrition of the Committee on Agriculture. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62711386; ED383439
AB  - These hearings transcripts present discussions on amendments offered by the Committee on Education and Labor to H.R. 8, the Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act of 1994, which will reauthorize and improve the national school lunch program and the child nutrition programs under the National School Lunch (NSL) Act and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966. Statements and testimony are presented for the following: (1) Senator Charles Stenholm (Texas); (2) Senator William Goodling (Pennsylvania), who emphasized that the national school lunch program should expand to serve a larger number of children; (3) Ellen Haas, assistant secretary of Food and Consumer Services, Department of Agriculture, who advocated improving the distribution of commodities; (4) Pat Holstein, director of food service of a South Carolina school district; (5) Marilyn A. Hurt, the chair of the public policy and legislative committee of the American School Food Service Association; (6) Catherine Miller, the president of the American Commodity Distribution Association; and (7) Richard Pasco, vice-president of government affairs of the National Pork Producers Council. (AP)
Y1  - 1994/06/09/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 09
SP  - 108
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160458706
KW  - Child Nutrition Act 1966
KW  - Commodity Distribution Program
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act 1994
KW  - National School Lunch Act 1946
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Food Service
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Pilot Projects
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Food Standards
KW  - School Activities
KW  - Nutrition Instruction
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Hearings
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62711386?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-74. For additional reports, see ED
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Goals 2000: Overview and Analysis. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62713013; ED379791
AB  - Goals 2000: Educate America Act (P.L. 103-227) authorizes a range of initiatives for federal support of education reform. Its basic strategy is that of systemic reform guided by sets of agreed-upon educational goals and standards at each level of governance. An overview and analysis of the Act's basic provisions and authorizations is provided. Goals 2000 establishes eight National Education Goals to be accomplished by the year 2000, a National Education Goals Panel, a National Education Standards and Improvement Council, grants for the implementation of State systemic reform, waivers of requirements and regulations under designated Federal education programs, and a National Skills Standards Board. P.L. 103-227 includes other new authorities and provisions, such as: reauthorization of the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Educational Research and Improvement; a Safe Schools Act of 1994; parental information and resource centers; an educational technology effort including creation of an Office of Educational Technology; grants for "midnight basketball" leagues in disadvantaged communities; nonsmoking policies in federally supported educational institutions; and a required policy for expulsion of any student determined to have brought a weapon to school. The following issues were addressed during the consideration of Goals 2000: (1) the appropriate strategy for the reform of elementary and secondary education; (2) standards for providing students with learning opportunities; (3) unfunded federal mandates and federal control over education; and (4) conditions for success, which include maintaining broad support, providing sustained professional development, meeting technical challenges, and recognizing the importance of time in implementation. One table is included. (LMI)
AU  - Stedman, James B.
Y1  - 1994/06/03/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 03
SP  - 51
VL  - CRS-94-490-EPW
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - School Restructuring
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - State Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - National Standards
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62713013?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act of 1994. Committee on Education and Labor Report To Accompany H.R. 8. House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62693336; ED373892
AB  - This report discusses amendments offered by the Committee on Education and Labor to H.R. 8, the Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act, which reauthorizes and improves the nutrition programs under the National School Lunch (NSL) Act and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966. Thirteen amendments to the NSL Act deal with: (1) technical assistance to school lunch, summer food service, and child and adult care food programs; (2) nutritional requirements; (3) special assistance to schools electing to serve all children free meals; (4) school lunch and breakfast pilot programs; (5) miscellaneous provisions and definitions; (6) the summer food service program; (7) the commodity distribution program; (8) the child and adult care food program; (9) the homeless children nutrition program; (10) pilot projects; (11) reduction of paperwork; (12) extension of the Food Service Management Institute; and (13) the duties of the Secretary of Agriculture relating to debarment for fraud or bid rigging in procurement of government commodities. Four amendments to the Child Nutrition Act address school breakfast and special supplemental programs, state administration expenses, and nutrition education and training. The views of the minority Republican members of the committee are also included. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/06/03/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 03
SP  - 86
KW  - Child Nutrition Act 1966
KW  - Commodity Distribution Program
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act 1994
KW  - National School Lunch Act 1946
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Food Service
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Pilot Projects
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Food Standards
KW  - School Activities
KW  - Nutrition Instruction
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Federal State Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62693336?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For Part 2, see PS 022 614.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Condition of Education in Rural Schools.
AN  - 62816045; ED371935
AB  - This report focuses on the status of rural education and is intended to provide information to education researchers, policymakers at the federal and state levels, as well as others concerned about issues in rural education. Specifically, the goal is to increase federal policymakers' attention to rural education problems, promote improvements in rural schools, and stimulate further research on rural education. This report documents how rural conditions are sufficiently different from urban ones to warrant being examined independently, and it endorses the hypothesis that a single set of public policies may not adequately address educational issues in rural versus urban settings. National data, mainly from surveys by the National Center for Education Statistics, are synthesized covering the following topics: (1) economic and demographic context of rural education; (2) location and characteristics of rural schools and school districts; (3) relationship between the rural school and its community; (4) policies and programs benefiting rural education; (5) profiles of educators in rural schools; (6) effects of education reform in rural schools; (7) public school finance policies and practices affecting rural schools; (8) assessment of student performance in rural schools; (9) education and work experiences of rural youth; and (10) the future of rural education. The report contains numerous data tables and a section describing statistical data sources and methodology. (LP)
AU  - Stern, Joyce D.
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 163
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160450349
KW  - National Center for Education Statistics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - School Community Relationship
KW  - Rural Urban Differences
KW  - Rural Schools
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - School Districts
KW  - Rural Education
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Demography
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Research Needs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Economically Disadvantaged
KW  - School Size
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62816045?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Photographs may not reproduce clearly.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - School-to-Work: What Does Research Say about It?
AN  - 62812398; ED371206
AB  - This document contains six papers on research about the school-to-work transition. Following an introduction (Nevzer G. Stacey), the first paper, "Determinants and Consequences of Fit between Vocational Education and Employment in Germany" (J. C. Witte, A. L. Kalleberg), concludes from a nationally representative longitudinal study of 16,000 individuals in 5,021 households that only about 50% of German men and 60% of German women have jobs fitting their prior vocational training. Discussed in "Financing Apprenticeship Training: Evidence from Germany" (D. Harhoff, T. J. Kane) are the following reasons why German firms support apprenticeship programs despite their high cost: cultural factors, union support, the high cost of firing, and low apprentice wages. The paper"School-to-Work Opportunities: Issues in State and Local Governance" (S. P. Choy) describes federal and state policies directed toward developing transition programs to prepare youths for high-skill, high-wage careers and transforming workplaces into learning sites. Outlined in "Industry-Based Education: A New Approach for School-to-Work Transition" (G. Hoachlander) is a model school-to-work program. The final two papers, "Profile of Target Populations for School-to-Work Transition Initiatives" (S. P. Choy, M. N. Alt, R. R. Henke) and "Opportunities or Obstacles? A Map of Federal Legislation Related to the School-to-Work Initiative" (M. T. Moore, Z. Waldman) discuss state programming options in view of federal legislation targeting specific population groups. Most papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 193
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - Carl D Perkins Voc and Appl Techn Educ Act 1990
KW  - Germany
KW  - United States
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Models
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Apprenticeships
KW  - Transitional Programs
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - State Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Research
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62812398?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Data Compendium for the NAEP 1992 Reading Assessment of the Nation and the States.
AN  - 62806726; ED371344
AB  - This compendium presents the extensive range of data (including nearly 300 tables and 11 figures of data) collected in the National Assessment of Educational Progress' (NAEP's) 1992 Reading Assessment. Chapters 1 and 2 of the compendium present the data in the context of the National Assessment Governing Board achievement levels, showing what students should be able to do at each of three levels: Basic, Proficient, and Advanced. Chapters 3 and 4 present the data in the context of the three purposes for reading--reading for literary experience, reading to gain information, and reading to perform a task. Chapter 5 presents examples of the regular and extended constructed-response questions used. Chapters 6 through 11 contain data related to the background questionnaires presented to students, teachers, and school administrators and discuss students' reading behaviors and attitudes, school and classroom characteristics, methods of reading instruction, teachers' reports of their professional development, students' attitudes towards the assessment itself, and characteristics of students' home life. Appendix A explains the procedure for anchoring the achievement levels in depth, presents examples of questions, and includes the results for each level at each grade. Appendix B describes participation rates for the trial state assessments. Appendix C presents co-statistics on state contextual background factors, and appendix D provides further detail about the assessment procedures. Appendix E contains standard deviations and percentiles for national demographic subpopulations. Appendix F contains examples of stories, articles, and documents used in the 1992 assessment and have been released for public review. (RS)
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 586
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NAEP-R-23-ST09; NCES-94-272
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - Reading Behavior
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Reading Tests
KW  - Reading Achievement
KW  - Reading Instruction
KW  - Reading Ability
KW  - Family Life
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Reading Research
KW  - Reading Diagnosis
KW  - Reading Attitudes
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806726?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - SASS by State, 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey: Selected State Results.
AN  - 62806256; ED373112
AB  - The Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), initiated in 1987-88, was conducted in 1990-91 to provide data on the nation's elementary and secondary school teaching force, aspects of teacher supply and demand, teacher workplace conditions, characteristics of school administrators, and school policies and practices. The sample for the 1990-91 survey comprised 9,500 public schools and 56,000 public school teachers; and 3,000 private schools and 9,000 private school teachers. This report highlights some state-by-state statistics that can be produced from SASS data. Items selected for this publication can inform policy, funding, and program issues. Tables and graphs of this report illustrate a state's current status relative to other states. Sections include: (1) school and student characteristics by state; (2) teacher and principal characteristics by state; (3) preparation of teachers by state; and (4) conditions for teaching by state. Five appendixes contain supplemental and technical information about survey administration and analysis. Thirty-four figures and 34 tables present survey data. (SLD)
AU  - Blank, Rolf
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 166
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 016045042X
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Teaching (Occupation)
KW  - Job Satisfaction
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Educational Administration
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Teacher Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Private Schools
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806256?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study First Follow-up (BPS:90/92). Final Public Technical Report. Contractor Report.
AN  - 62802956; ED373118
AB  - This document is a summary and evaluation of the methodological procedures and results of the full-scale implementation of the Beginning Postsecondary Student Longitudinal Study, 1990-92 (BPS). The BPS starts with a cohort of students beginning postsecondary education regardless of when they completed high school. As a result, information will be available about nontraditional students who have delayed their postsecondary education. Many educational policy questions can be addressed through information gathered by the BPS about student characteristics and patterns of information. An introductory chapter provides a summary of the background, major procedures and results, and scheduled products of the survey. Other sections cover the design and method, data collection and results, data analysis, nonresponse weighting, and data file construction. Eight appendixes provide technical information about survey conduct. Six figures and 57 tables present some survey findings and details about the methodology. (SLD)
AU  - Burkheimer, J. G.
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 273
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-369
KW  - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study
KW  - Nonresponders
KW  - Weighting (Statistical)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Reentry Students
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Adult Students
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Nontraditional Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Data Analysis
KW  - Cohort Analysis
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LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - NAEP 1992 Writing Report Card.
AN  - 62799696; ED370119
AB  - A study examined the writing performance of American schoolchildren based on a survey conducted in 1992 by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Nationally representative samples of fourth-, eighth-, and twelfth-grade students attending public and private schools--approximately 30,000 in all--responded to a variety of writing tasks. Nine different writing tasks were used at grade 4, 11 at grade 8, and 12 at grade 12. The tasks at each grade included a mix of grade-appropriate informative, persuasive, and narrative writing, with some tasks being given to students at more than one grade. Not all students at a grade were given all tasks. At each grade, approximately 1,500 students responded to each task. Taken as a whole, results indicated that given time and familiarity with the topic, the best students can write relatively effective informative and narrative pieces. Even the best students continue, however, to have difficulty with writing tasks that require them to muster arguments and evidence in persuasive writing. According to teachers and students, persuasive writing--advancing evidence and arguments to influence readers to change their thinking--received less emphasis in their classes than did informative or narrative writing. The performance of the best students remained far ahead of the performance of most of their classmates. Whatever successes schools may claim in writing instruction, many students at each grade level continue to have serious difficulty in producing effective informative, persuasive, or narrative writing. (Contains 50 tables and 8 figures of data as well as samples of students' essays. A procedural appendix is attached). (RS)
AU  - Applebee, Arthur N.
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 231
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (ISBN-0-16-045037-3).
KW  - Curriculum Emphases
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Writing Ability
KW  - Intermediate Grades
KW  - Writing Instruction
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Writing Achievement
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Persuasive Discourse
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Writing Research
KW  - Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62799696?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Federal Pell Grant Program. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62714684; ED378877
AB  - This report discusses the Federal Pell Grant Program, the largest need-related federal postsecondary student grant program administered by the U.S. Department of Education, along with recent changes in the program authorized by the 1992 Amendments to the Higher Education Act. The program is designed to assist student from low-income families who would not otherwise be financially able to attend a postsecondary institution. The report reviews student eligibility, grant size, award rules, and need analysis, along with the characteristics of grant recipients. It also outlines the functions of postsecondary institutions participating in the program related to the control of fraud and abuse, application errors, and financial controls. Finally, the report discusses funding trends for the Pell Grant Program from 1980 through 1994, as well as suggestions for program improvement. It argues that increased funding levels are needed to restore Pell Grants as the foundation of federal student aid. (MDM)
AU  - Schenet, Margot A.
Y1  - 1994/06/01/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jun 01
SP  - 20
KW  - Higher Education Act Amendments 1992
KW  - Pell Grant Program
KW  - Program Characteristics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Need Analysis (Student Financial Aid)
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Grants
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Eligibility
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62714684?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Student Data Handbook for Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education. Contractor Report.
AN  - 62708061; ED375160
AB  - This handbook is an effort to establish current and consistent terms, definitions, and classification codes to maintain, collect, report, and exchange comparable information about students. It is a reference guide to those concerned with the collection of student data. Definitions reflect a consensus about best practice in the field of education as well as current Federal reporting requirements. Information is included about designing student record-keeping systems for schools, school districts, or other educational institutions. The handbook is not a data collection instrument, nor does it reflect any Federal data collection requirements. There are descriptions of applications of the handbook, including the development of surveys and design of automated record systems. Twelve appendixes provide lists of contributors and technical information about data reporting. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 335
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160450721
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Classification
KW  - Statistical Analysis
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Definitions
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62708061?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Prepared by Education Data Systems Implementation
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Improving Math and Science Assessment. Report on the Secretary's Third Conference on Mathematics and Science Education (Washington, DC, September 20-21, 1993).
AN  - 62699518; ED374135
AB  - The third conference on improving mathematics and science assessment brought together more than 550 educators, researchers, and policymakers. Recommendations and information from the conference are incorporated into this report. Conference consensus was that students must recognize that there is more to assessment than grades and scores and begin to see assessment as a crucial and integral part of education. They should assume increasing responsibility for documenting and reflecting on their own progress as they move through school. Parents and the public must hold high expectations for instruction and for student participation. Teachers will hold all students, regardless of their backgrounds, to high standards and will recognize that assessment cannot be separated from learning. Principals and other administrators must oversee the reform of mathematics and science assessment and ensure that the curriculum reflects what we want students to know. An 18-item reading list is attached, and an appendix lists conference participants and sessions. (SLD)
AU  - Paulu, Nancy
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 50
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - PIP-94-1201
KW  - Reform Efforts
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teacher Role
KW  - Performance Based Assessment
KW  - Student Role
KW  - Principals
KW  - Parent Role
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Test Use
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Sciences
KW  - Curriculum Development
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Standards
KW  - Alternative Assessment
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62699518?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Children's Television (Part 2). Hearing before the Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Finance of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (June 10, 1994).
AN  - 62688374; ED375824
AB  - The topic of this hearing was the Children's Television Act of 1990. This act was designed to increase the choices for children and to give parents and families the possibility of finding educational programming to supplement other children's programs. The Act has two major provisions. First, it established time limits on the amount of advertising that could be shown during children's programs. The second requires broadcasters to serve the educational and informational needs of the child audience including programming specifically designed to meet these needs. This hearing focused on whether this law has changed the landscape for children in the almost four years it has been in effect. Testimony was presented by: (1) Rosanne K. Bacon, Executive Committee member, National Education Association; (2) David V. B. Britt, President, Children's Television Workshop; (3) Linda Cochran, Vice President, WSYT-TV, Syracuse, New York; (4) Margaret Loesch, President, Fox Children's Network; (5) Linda Mancuso, Vice President, Saturday Morning and Family Programs, NBC; (6) Kathryn C. Montgomery, President, Center for Media Education; (7) Kent Takano, Producer, "Scratch" Teen Magazine Program; and (8) Paul Zaloom, actor, "Beakman's World." A statement submitted for the record by Jeanette B. Trias, President, ABC Children's Entertainment, concludes this hearing report. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 140
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington DC 20402.
SN  - 0160458978
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Television Commercials
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Childrens Television
KW  - Educational Television
KW  - Children
KW  - Educational Media
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62688374?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-121. Reproducibility varies widely.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Vulnerable periods and processes during central nervous system development.
AN  - 21261901; 11701602
AB  - The developing central nervous system (CNS) is the organ system most frequently observed to exhibit congenital abnormalities. While the developing CNS lacks a blood brain barrier, the characteristics of known teratogens indicate that differential doses to the developing vs mature brain are not the major factor in differential sensitivity. Instead, most agents seem to act on processes that occur only during development. Thus, it appears that the susceptibility of the developing brain compared to the mature one depends to a great extent on the presence of processes sensitive to disruption. Yet cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation characterize many other developing organs, so the difference between CNS and other organs must depend on other properties of the developing CNS. The most important of these is probably the fact that nervous system development takes much longer than development of other organs, making it subject to injury over a longer period.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rodier, P M
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, NY 14642.
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 121
EP  - 124
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - migration
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Central nervous system
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Blood-brain barrier
KW  - Brain
KW  - Organs
KW  - Differentiation
KW  - vulnerability
KW  - Teratogens
KW  - Cell migration
KW  - Cell proliferation
KW  - N3 11007:Neurobiology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261901?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Vulnerable+periods+and+processes+during+central+nervous+system+development.&rft.au=Rodier%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Rodier&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Differentiation; Central nervous system; Injuries; Blood-brain barrier; Brain; Teratogens; Cell migration; Cell proliferation; Sensitivity; migration; vulnerability; Organs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Regulation of antioxidant enzymes in lung after oxidant injury.
AN  - 21258768; 11703528
AB  - Studies have implicated active oxygen species (AOS) in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases. Many chemical and physical agents in the environment are potent generators of AOS, including ozone, hyperoxia, mineral dusts, paraquat, etc. These agents produce AOS by different mechanisms, but frequently the lung is the primary target of toxicity, and exposure results in damage to lung tissue to varying degrees. The lung has developed defenses to AOS-mediated damage, which include antioxidant enzymes, the superoxide dismutases [copper-zinc (CuZnSOD) and manganese-containing (MnSOD)], catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). In this review, antioxidant defenses to environmental stresses in the lung as well as in isolated pulmonary cells following exposure to a number of different oxidants, are summarized. Each oxidant appears to induce a different pattern of antioxidant enzyme response in the lung, although some common trends, i.e., induction of MnSOD following oxidants inducing inflammation or pulmonary fibrosis, in responses to oxidants occur. Responses may vary between the different cell types in the lung as a function of cell-cycle or other factors. Increases in MnSOD mRNA or immunoreactive protein in response to certain oxidants may serve as a biomarker of AOS-mediated damage in the lung. Images Figure 3.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Quinlan, T
AU  - Spivack, S
AU  - Mossman, B T
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405.
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 79
EP  - 87
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - Lung
KW  - environmental stress
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Proteins
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Oxidants
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21258768?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+antioxidant+enzymes+in+lung+after+oxidant+injury.&rft.au=Quinlan%2C+T%3BSpivack%2C+S%3BMossman%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Quinlan&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Antioxidants; environmental stress; Lung; Reviews; Proteins; Enzymes; Toxicity; Oxidants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review of animal/in vitro data on biological effects of man-made fibers.
AN  - 21251614; 11703529
AB  - This paper reviews the investigations with man-made fibers (MMF). Insulation woods: glasswool (GW), rockwool (RW), slagwool (SW), glass microfibers (GMF), glass filaments (GFiI), and refractory ceramic fibers (RCF) have been used in experimental animals and in in vitro cell systems. A large heterogeneous number of fibers, methods of fiber preparation, size selection, aerosolization, fiber size, and fiber burden measurement were noted, rendering difficult a comparison between results. By inhalation, RCF and asbestos used as positive controls produced a significant tumor increase. In some studies, a low tumor yield was found after inhalation of insulation wools; when all inhalation data were gathered, a significant tumor increase was found with GW. However, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions on the potential of other fiber types because, in addition to the different compositions of the fibers, differences in fiber number and sizes existed, especially in comparison with asbestos. Moreover, experiments using inoculation, especially by the intraperitoneal route revealed a carcinogenic potential of all fibers types but GFiI and SW. In these two groups a small number of animals has been investigated and the fiber characteristics were sometimes irrelevant. So far, a relationship between the carcinogenic potency and fiber dimensions has been established. Other fiber parameters may be of importance (surface chemistry, biopersistence, fiber structure, for example) but further investigations are necessary to determine the correlations between these parameters and tumor incidence. In vitro experiments have emphasized the fiber characteristics identified in vivo as playing a role in the carcinogenic potency and should be developed as a better approach of the mechanistic effects of MMF.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ellouk, S A
AU  - Jaurand, M C
AD  - Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire de l'Environment, INSERM, Creteil, France.
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 47
EP  - 61
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Inhalation
KW  - Ceramics
KW  - Fibers
KW  - Asbestos
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Reviews
KW  - surface chemistry
KW  - Wood
KW  - tumors
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Review+of+animal%2Fin+vitro+data+on+biological+effects+of+man-made+fibers.&rft.au=Ellouk%2C+S+A%3BJaurand%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Ellouk&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ceramics; Inhalation; Fibers; Asbestos; Carcinogenicity; surface chemistry; Reviews; Wood; tumors
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling Distortionary Aspects of the U.S. Wheat Program and Policy Reform
AN  - 1761710637; 199401806
AB  - Explores whether price support policies within the US wheat program increase the producer incentive at the margin, drawing on a partial equilibrium model whose predictive accuracy is tested with 1974/75 & 1990/91 policy data. Results indicate that price support, conditioned on production constraint, has not increased US production. Furthermore, the combined effect of price support & production control within a voluntary system is shown to increase US supply response with respect to market price. Given these results, opposition to certain aspects of US agricultural policy may be misguided. 8 Tables, 1 Appendix, 26 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Policy Modeling
AU  - Labson, B Stephen
AD  - Australian Bureau Agricultural & Resource Economics, GPO Box 1563 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - June 1994
SP  - 237
EP  - 263
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
SN  - 0161-8938, 0161-8938
KW  - price support policies-producer incentive relationship, wheat program, US, partial equilibrium model
KW  - 1974/75 & 1990/91 policy data
KW  - Economic Factors
KW  - Agricultural Production
KW  - Prices
KW  - United States of America
KW  - Agricultural Policy
KW  - article
KW  - 7210: social policy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761710637?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Policy+Modeling&rft.atitle=Modeling+Distortionary+Aspects+of+the+U.S.+Wheat+Program+and+Policy+Reform&rft.au=Labson%2C+B+Stephen&rft.aulast=Labson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Policy+Modeling&rft.issn=01618938&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2016-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United States of America; Prices; Economic Factors; Agricultural Policy; Agricultural Production
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Potential Cancer Risk from Consumption of PCBs Bioaccumulated in Fish and Shellfish
AN  - 14355306; 10486905
AB  - Possible cancer risk to adults from ingestion of PCBs via fish and shellfish was evaluated, using an equilibrium partitioning model of contaminant bioaccumulation in aquatic biota. The estimated risk to humans rose exponentially with increasing PCB hydrophobicity. The inclusion of food chain sources of PCBs was needed to cause potential cancer risk to exceed 1 million. Cancer risk was reduced by environmental degradation of PCB, which limited exposure concentrations. Risk was also reduced by PCB biotransformation to nongenotoxic metabolites by aquatic organisms.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barron, Mace G
AU  - Yurk, Jeffrey J
AU  - Crothers, David B
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 562
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, FISH
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - SHELLFISH
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - FOOD CHAINS
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - DEGRADATION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14355306?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Potential+Cancer+Risk+from+Consumption+of+PCBs+Bioaccumulated+in+Fish+and+Shellfish&rft.au=Barron%2C+Mace+G%3BYurk%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BCrothers%2C+David+B&rft.aulast=Barron&rft.aufirst=Mace&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; SHELLFISH; BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; CANCER RISK; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; BIOACCUMULATION, FISH; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; FOOD CHAINS; DEGRADATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monitoring Peach Harvest Workers Exposed to Azinphosmethyl Residues in Sutter County, California, 1991
AN  - 14355283; 10486907
AB  - Urinary alkylphosphate metabolites, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), dermal residues, and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were monitored in peach harvest workers exposed to azinphosmethyl. Dislodgeable foliar residues were in the 0.82-1.72 mu g/cm super(2) range. The mean dermal exposure was 32 mg and was in the 17.9-60.5 mg range. BChE levels in exposed harvesters and minimally exposed sorters were comparable, while the exposed workers had markedly lower AChE values relative to sorters for two post-exposure blood analyses. Urinary metabolite excretion rose with continuous exposure and was inversely related to both AChE and BChE.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schneider, Frank
AU  - Steenland, Kyle
AU  - Hernandez, Bernardo
AU  - Wilson, Barry
AU  - Krieger, Robert
AU  - Spencer, Janet
AU  - Margetich, Sheila
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 580
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - CHOLINESTERASE
KW  - INSECTICIDE RESIDUES
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - CALIFORNIA
KW  - INSECTICIDE EXPOSURE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14355283?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Peach+Harvest+Workers+Exposed+to+Azinphosmethyl+Residues+in+Sutter+County%2C+California%2C+1991&rft.au=Schneider%2C+Frank%3BSteenland%2C+Kyle%3BHernandez%2C+Bernardo%3BWilson%2C+Barry%3BKrieger%2C+Robert%3BSpencer%2C+Janet%3BMargetich%2C+Sheila&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=580&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CALIFORNIA; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; INSECTICIDE EXPOSURE; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; CHOLINESTERASE; INSECTICIDE RESIDUES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Drinking Water Contamination and the Incidence of Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
AN  - 14354539; 10486904
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cohn, Perry
AU  - Klotz, Judith
AU  - Bove, Frank
AU  - Berkowitz, Marian
AU  - Fagliano, Jerald
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 556
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
KW  - HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - WATER, DRINKING
KW  - WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS
KW  - NEW JERSEY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14354539?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+Contamination+and+the+Incidence+of+Leukemia+and+Non-Hodgkin%27s+Lymphoma&rft.au=Cohn%2C+Perry%3BKlotz%2C+Judith%3BBove%2C+Frank%3BBerkowitz%2C+Marian%3BFagliano%2C+Jerald&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=Perry&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; WATER, DRINKING; WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS; NEW JERSEY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicokinetic and Toxicodynamic Influences on Endocrine Disruption by Polychlorinated Biphenyls
AN  - 14354043; 10486906
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Soontornchat, Sermpan
AU  - Li, Mei-Hui
AU  - Cooke, Paul S
AU  - Hansen, Larry G
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 568
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - BIOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - ENZYME ACTIVITY
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14354043?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Toxicokinetic+and+Toxicodynamic+Influences+on+Endocrine+Disruption+by+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls&rft.au=Soontornchat%2C+Sermpan%3BLi%2C+Mei-Hui%3BCooke%2C+Paul+S%3BHansen%2C+Larry+G&rft.aulast=Soontornchat&rft.aufirst=Sermpan&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; BIOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HORMONES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessing a Damaged Earth
AN  - 14351307; 10486900
AB  - Ecological risk assessment has emerged as a complement to human health risk assessment of environmental pollution. The multidisciplinary nature, wide scope, and multiple endpoints considered in ecological risk assessment offer a means to establish priorities for addressing environmental problems. Ecological vs. human health endpoints are examined, noting that ecological assessments are more complex relative to health assessments because many endpoints are analyzed for thousands of species. Controversial elements of the process, including high levels of uncertainty, are discussed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Clay, Rebecca
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 532
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14351307?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessing+a+Damaged+Earth&rft.au=Clay%2C+Rebecca&rft.aulast=Clay&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; PUBLIC HEALTH; ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Screening and Separation of Microorganisms Degrading PCBs
AN  - 14349412; 10486903
AB  - Different soil types sampled in the Czech Republic were analyzed in an attempt to isolate indigenous bacteria capable of biodegrading PCBs. PCB degradative ability was determined after 7 d of incubation by use of gas chromatography. The best degradative potency was demonstrated by a bacterial mixed culture isolated from a soil sample contaminated with an industrial mixture of PCB congeners. The degree of degradation by individual strains was governed by the number of chlorine substituents in the PCB congeners.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bokvajova, Alena
AU  - Burkhard, Jiri
AU  - Demnerova, Katerina
AU  - Pazlarova, Jarmila
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 552
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - SOIL CONTAMINATION
KW  - BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISM
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14349412?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Screening+and+Separation+of+Microorganisms+Degrading+PCBs&rft.au=Bokvajova%2C+Alena%3BBurkhard%2C+Jiri%3BDemnerova%2C+Katerina%3BPazlarova%2C+Jarmila&rft.aulast=Bokvajova&rft.aufirst=Alena&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BACTERIA; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SOIL CONTAMINATION; BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISM
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hazardous Waste Site Remediation, Neighborhood Change, and Neighborhood Quality
AN  - 14349359; 10486901
AB  - Hypotheses about the relationship between hazardous waste site remediation, neighborhood change, and neighborhood quality were tested in surveys of residents near partially remediated and unremediated Superfund sites in New Jersey. Neighborhoods with partly or substantially remediated sites were rated higher quality relative to areas with unremediated sites. Newer residents viewed formerly polluted areas as opportunities to upgrade their housing and living conditions. While longer-term residents were concerned about declining property values and rated their neighborhoods as fair or poor, neighborhood quality ranking was not based solely on the presence of a hazardous waste site.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Greenberg, Michael
AU  - Schneider, Dona
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 542
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SUPERFUND SITES
KW  - HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL
KW  - ENV QUALITY ASSESSMENT
KW  - REAL ESTATE
KW  - WASTE SITE REMEDIATION
KW  - ATTITUDE SURVEYS
KW  - NEW JERSEY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14349359?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hazardous+Waste+Site+Remediation%2C+Neighborhood+Change%2C+and+Neighborhood+Quality&rft.au=Greenberg%2C+Michael%3BSchneider%2C+Dona&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=542&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - REAL ESTATE; SUPERFUND SITES; HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL; WASTE SITE REMEDIATION; ATTITUDE SURVEYS; ENV QUALITY ASSESSMENT; NEW JERSEY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Beryllium: a Chronic Problem
AN  - 14348998; 10486899
AB  - Evidence for the dermatological, pulmonary, and systemic toxicity of beryllium is reviewed. The identification of Be as an occupational and environmental hazard in the 1940s is traced, and the resulting evolution of occupational and community ambient air standards for the element is chronicled. Problems encountered in the classification of populations at risk for chronic Be disease are noted. The advent of a genetic screening test for this disease can be viewed as a tool for its eventual elimination from the workplace.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lang, Leslie
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 526
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - BERYLLIUM
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14348998?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Beryllium%3A+a+Chronic+Problem&rft.au=Lang%2C+Leslie&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t photos
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; BERYLLIUM; AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mercury in the Umbilical Cord: Implications for Risk Assessment for Minamata Disease
AN  - 14346988; 10486902
AB  - The link between mercury levels in umbilical cord (UC) tissue with that in in UC blood and maternal hair was examined in samples from a cohort study in the Faroe Islands, Denmark. Hg exposures from seafood in this area may approach those that occurred in Minamata, Japan, during the 1950s. Hg concentrations in UC tissue were strongly correlated with the frequency of maternal whale meat ingestion during pregnancy and with Hg content of UC blood and maternal hair. The median UC Hg concentration of 4.95 nmol/g dry weight in Minamata would translate to 668 nmol/l cord blood and 114 nmol/g maternal hair, concentrations that support evidence of fetal susceptibility to increased exposure to methylmercury.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dalgard, Christine
AU  - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Jorgensen, Poul J
AU  - Weihe, Pal
Y1  - 1994/06//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jun 1994
SP  - 548
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
KW  - DENMARK
KW  - METAL CONCENTRATIONS
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - HAIR
KW  - BLOOD ANALYSIS
KW  - MERCURY
KW  - MINAMATA DISEASE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14346988?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mercury+in+the+Umbilical+Cord%3A+Implications+for+Risk+Assessment+for+Minamata+Disease&rft.au=Dalgard%2C+Christine%3BGrandjean%2C+Philippe%3BJorgensen%2C+Poul+J%3BWeihe%2C+Pal&rft.aulast=Dalgard&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=548&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DENMARK; FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS; BLOOD ANALYSIS; METAL CONCENTRATIONS; MINAMATA DISEASE; MERCURY; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; HAIR
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Historically Black Colleges and Universities Historic Building Restoration and Preservation Act [To Accompany H.R. 2921]. Senate, 103d Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62811997; ED371698
AB  - This report of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources recommends that appropriations be authorized for the Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Historic Building Restoration and Preservation Act (H.R. 2921), as amended. The bill provides the authorization necessary to appropriate funds for structures located on the campuses of HBCUs that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places or that are designated a National Historic Landmark. The bill provides authorization for the use of $10 million for grants to 11 projects identified as the most historically significant and critically threatened structures and $5 million to Fisk University, to be funded through the Historic Preservation Fund. The report outlines the bill's legislative history, Committee recommendations and tabulation of votes, Committee amendments, a section-by-section analysis, cost and budgetary considerations, regulatory impact evaluation, and communications from the Department of the Interior. (JDD)
Y1  - 1994/05/25/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 25
SP  - 8
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Historical Landmarks
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Facilities
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Colleges
KW  - Black Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - College Buildings
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Preservation
KW  - Universities
KW  - Facility Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62811997?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related report with dissenting views, see ED
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Teenage Pregnancy. Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session. Special Hearings.
AN  - 62623109; ED386645
AB  - The Senate Subcommittee met in order to examine the alarming increase of out-of-wedlock teenage pregnancies in the United States. Information provided at the hearings included: the scope of the issue; input from experts on what is causing the increases being recorded; different approaches to reducing teen pregnancy; and, teen parent perspectives. Statements were given by organizations such as: Women's Health Services, Teen Services Program, Athletes for Abstinence, Family Court Division of the City of Philadelphia, Sex Respect, Inc., and the Philadelphia Board of Education. Dr. Jocelyn Elders, Surgeon General, also gave a statement. Topics discussed include: pressure to become sexually active, role of mass media, young men's responsibility, the role of parents, comprehensive health education, abstinence, welfare, and the use, cost, and availability of Norplant were addressed. Extensive charts, graphs, program descriptions, and testimony are included. (JBJ)
Y1  - 1994/05/25/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 25
SP  - 225
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160461766
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Early Parenthood
KW  - Pregnant Students
KW  - Sex Education
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - Sexuality
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Youth Problems
KW  - Family Planning
KW  - Public Health Legislation
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62623109?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Prison Inmate Training and Rehabilitation Act of 1993. Hearing on H.R. 703 Prison Inmate Training and Rehabilitation Act of 1993, before the Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration of the Committee on the Judiciary. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62713990; ED376291
AB  - This congressional hearing considers legislation intended to provide additional work opportunities for inmates in the federal prison system and to help reduce the reliance of federal prison industries on traditional industries. Testimony includes statements, letters, written statements, and other materials presented by the following: U.S. senators and representatives and individuals representing the Workman Fund, Leavenworth, Kansas; National Committee on Community Corrections; Federal Bureau of Prisons; International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union; and Institute for Law and Justice. Appendixes contain the following: a Justice Fellowship statement on H.R. 703; a list of active projects with other Federal agencies; excerpt from an independent market study of UNICOR Federal Prison Industries, Inc.; excerpt from 1993 Summit on Federal Prison Industries; U.S. trade data; memorandum of understanding between the U.S. and China on prohibiting import and export trade in prison labor products; and newspaper article, "Firms Cited over Imports from China." (YLB)
Y1  - 1994/05/19/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 19
SP  - 142
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160459907
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Work Experience
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Correctional Rehabilitation
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Correctional Education
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62713990?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 44.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Before Dreams Disappear: Preventing Youth Violence. Hearing on Examining Certain Provisions Establishing Programs To Prevent Youth Violence as Contained in the Proposed Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act before the Subcommittee on Children, Feamily, Drugs and Alcoholism, of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred and Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62715378; ED378473
AB  - This report presents verbatim, a hearing before the Subcommittee on Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism. The hearing featured a series of testimonies and stories on violence among young people in the United States. It opened with remarks by Subcommittee Chairman, Christopher Dodd. He was followed by numerous statements on the nature of violence in communities. These statements were made by those who work with children and youth. Included in these testimonies were accounts provided by children and young people, who spoke of the state of violence in their neighborhoods. The many reports also featured details on programs that appeared to be effective in thwarting violence among youth. A number of prepared testimonies by government officials also appear in this report. (RJM)
Y1  - 1994/05/17/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 17
SP  - 76
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160448255
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - United States
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Social Theories
KW  - Social Influences
KW  - At Risk Persons
KW  - Quality of Life
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Violence
KW  - Antisocial Behavior
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Social Problems
KW  - Youth Problems
KW  - Youth
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62715378?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Minority Participation and Retention in Higher Education. Hearing on Examining Certain Issues Relating to Minority Participation in Higher Education, Focusing on Student Aid Programs before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62699678; ED373676
AB  - This hearing transcript presents testimony concerning minority participation and retention in higher education with emphasis on implications for student aid programs. Oral testimony or prepared statements were presented by Senators Paul Simon, Claiborne Pell, and Carol Mosely-Braun. Testimony was also offered by: (1) the president and three officials of the American Council on Education; (2) the associate director and two officials from the Education and Employment Issues section of the U.S. General Accounting Office; (3) the executive director of the National Council of Education Opportunity Associations; and (4) the presidents of Morgan State University, Norfolk State University, Nebraska Indian Community College, Hostos Community College, Chicago State University, and Spelman College. The testimony in general pointed to the low, and in some cases declining, rates of participation by Blacks, Latinos, and other minorities in higher education in the United States. Many witnesses decried the lack of minority graduate students and faculty to serve as role models. Much testimony was also critical of federal student aid initiatives, such as the Pell Grant program, for not providing enough money to needy students. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/05/17/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 17
SP  - 146
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Pell Grant Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Low Income Groups
KW  - School Holding Power
KW  - Grants
KW  - College Presidents
KW  - College Attendance
KW  - Student Participation
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - College Role
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Faculty Recruitment
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Academic Persistence
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62699678?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reemployment and Retraining Act. Hearing on Examining Provisions of S. 1964, Authorizing Funds to States for Worker Reemployment and Retraining Programs before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62701159; ED382778
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony of witnesses who testified at a Senate committee hearing concerning authorizing funds to states for worker reemployment and training programs. Witnesses included the following: Senators Claiborne Pell, Nancy Kassebaum, and Edward Kennedy; top officials from several major corporations; and several federal, state, and city officials involved in labor retraining and employment programs. The testimony generally supported the proposed legislation, which would create one-stop retraining and employment services for dislocated workers. An executive from a large private corporation headquartered in Germany testified that in Germany, all companies provide training, but that in the United States few companies provide training because trained workers could go to other companies that do not provide training. He supported one-stop employment centers and financial incentives for companies to provide training for workers to encourage more companies to do so. (KC)
Y1  - 1994/05/12/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 12
SP  - 68
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160459311
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Employment Services
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Retraining
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Dislocated Workers
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Practices
KW  - Labor Needs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701159?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Keeping Our Kids Safe. Hearing on Examining State and Local Efforts To Identify and Prevent the Leading Causes of Injuries to Children, before the Subcommittee on Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62691271; ED377952
AB  - These transcripts of hearings present testimony on how we can protect children in dangerous and violent environments. The statements address the longstanding efforts to reduce childhood injury in this country, with an emphasis on prevention as the best approach to child injury and health care. Statements and testimony are presented for the following: (1) Senators Dodd (Connecticut), Kennedy (Massachusetts), Thurmond (South Carolina); (2) Dr. C. Everett Koop, Chairman of the National Safe Kids Campaign; (3) four adolescents, victims of accidents or witnesses to violent crime, whose experiences highlight the benefits of prevention; (4) Senator Jeffords (Vermont); (5) the director of the National Center for Injury Protection and Control; (6) program director of the National Public Services Research Institute; and (7) an assistant professor of health policy. (AP)
Y1  - 1994/05/10/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 10
SP  - 84
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160448557
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Violence
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Child Safety
KW  - Health Promotion
KW  - Safety Education
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Child Rearing
KW  - Family Problems
KW  - Alcoholism
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Child Abuse
KW  - Drug Abuse
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62691271?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Several pages contain small and broken print.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Human Services Amendments of 1994. Conference Report To Accompany S. 2000. Committee of Conference, House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62708340; ED376986
AB  - This report presents the results of U.S. Senate-House of Representatives conference committee deliberations concerning amendments to S. 2000, the Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1994, which is designed to reauthorize appropriations for fiscal years 1995 through 1998 to carry out the Head Start Act, the Community Services Block Grant Act, and the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act. The amendments to the Head Start Act address definitions, services, allocation of funds, monitoring and quality assurance, participation, staff qualifications, and goals and priorities for training and technical assistance. The amendments to the Community Services Block Grant Act address community food and nutrition programs, instructional activities for low-income youth, and assistance to the homeless. The amendments to the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act address emergency funds, targeted assistance, authorized uses of funds, and the Residential Energy Assistance Challenge Option. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/05/09/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 09
SP  - 82
KW  - Amendments
KW  - Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
KW  - Community Services Block Grant Act
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Family Resource and Support Programs
KW  - Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Human Services
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Family Programs
KW  - Community Programs
KW  - Low Income
KW  - Block Grants
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62708340?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Hearing on the Administration's Proposal before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62708311; ED377018
AB  - The U.S. Senate Committee on Indian Affairs heard testimony on the proposed reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) as it relates to American Indian education. ESEA incorporates virtually all major programs constituting federal aid to education; of particular concern to American Indians and Alaska Natives is the title called the Indian Education Act, as well as titles providing for the education of economically disadvantaged children, bilingual education, and impact aid. Statements were received from U.S. Senators, administrators of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and the U.S. Department of Education, and representatives of regional and national Indian education associations. Topics and issues discussed included mechanisms for developing tribal and BIA standards consistent with Goals 2000 standards, BIA budget preparation procedures, teacher salaries in BIA schools, parent participation in goal setting, the formula for allocating impact aid to public school districts serving Indian children, state-tribal relationships, Native language preservation and cultural maintenance, the definition of "Indian," appointment and status of the Director of the Office of Indian Education in the U.S. Department of Education, need for additional funding to BIA schools due to increasing student enrollments, eligibility of BIA schools for Chapter I funds, inability of tribal school boards to fire long-term BIA "status quo" employees at local schools, and needs for school construction and maintenance. An appendix contains additional materials on these topics as well as program descriptions, funding formulas, and information on the need for Indian Technical Assistance Centers. (SV)
Y1  - 1994/05/04/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 May 04
SP  - 145
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160461111
KW  - Bureau of Indian Affairs Schools
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Impact Aid
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Educational Administration
KW  - Teacher Education
KW  - Bilingual Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - American Indian Education
KW  - Federal Indian Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62708311?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - The chart on page 139 contains filled-in type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Blue Ribbon Schools. Outstanding Practices in the Arts, 1989-90 and 1990-91.
AN  - 62812330; ED370878
AB  - The Blue Ribbon Schools Program designated art as an area for special emphasis during 1989-90 and 1990-91, and the program identified 42 schools that were excellent overall and had exemplary programs in the arts. The schools shared the following characteristics: (1) a philosophy that holds arts education as a basic and necessary component of a balanced educational program for pre-kindergarten through grade 12 students; (2) a broad understanding of arts curricula and pedagogy that is matched with the highest quality instructors available; (3) a balance of art forms, including music, dance, drama, poetry, creative writing, and visual and media arts; (4) a realization that the arts need time, space, financial, and administrative support; (5) infusion of the arts in other parts of the curriculum; (6) a commitment to all students that ensures access to instruction in the basic art areas and provides differentiated levels of instruction; (7) parent involvement as volunteers, program designers, and fundraisers; and (8) a connection to the local arts community. Profiles of the 17 elementary schools and their arts programs and the 25 secondary schools and their arts programs highlight how these schools function in a variety of settings. (Author/CK)
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 69
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - PIP-94-1300
KW  - Blue Ribbon Schools
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Integrated Curriculum
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Community Involvement
KW  - Art Education
KW  - Visual Arts
KW  - Demonstration Programs
KW  - Art Teachers
KW  - Art
KW  - Fine Arts
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Interdisciplinary Approach
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62812330?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Characteristics of the 100 Largest Public Elementary and Secondary School Districts in the United States: 1991-92.
AN  - 62809424; ED372111
AB  - This report provides basic descriptive information about the 100 largest school districts in the United States and its outlying areas. Almost one in four public school students in the country is served by one of these districts. Characteristics, which include average and median school size, pupil/teacher ratios, number of high school graduates, enrollment of special education students and minorities, and selected fiscal data, are presented in 10 basic tables. Preceding these are Tables A through C, which establish the context of education in these largest districts. Although these districts represent fewer than 1 percent of all school districts, they educate nearly 23 percent of students. Fifty of the 99 districts that report racial and ethnic information have more than 50 percent minority enrollment. These 100 largest districts employ nearly 23 percent of the nation's public school teachers and account for more than 19 percent of all public high school graduates. Appendix A lists the nation's 500 largest districts with some basic data, while Appendix B lists them alphabetically. Appendixes C and D are representations of the data collection instruments used in the Common Core of Data surveys on which this report is based. One map locates the 100 largest districts. (SLD)
AU  - Sietsema, John
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 58
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160431964
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Special Education
KW  - School Demography
KW  - School Districts
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School District Size
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Teacher Student Ratio
KW  - School District Wealth
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Tables (Data)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809424?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1990-91 report, see ED 359 226.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Adult Education: Employment-Related Training. National Household Education Survey. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62808891; ED371205
AB  - Data from the 1991 National Household Education Survey, which was a random telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized civilian population of the 50 states and District of Columbia, were analyzed to identify patterns of adult enrollment in employment-related training. The analysis established that one of every three employed individuals aged 17 years or older was enrolled in at least one job-related training course during the 12 months prior to spring 1991. The most frequently attended types of training courses were as follows: professional development (25%), technical or skilled job training (20%), executive or management development (13%), supervisory skills (12%), job health and safety (12%), word processing/computer software and quality or statistical process control (10%), sales and marketing (8%), and new employee (7%). Managers and professionals accounted for 56% of adults enrolled in job-related training programs. Holders of a baccalaureate or higher degree constituted 53% of those undertaking work-related training. Men and women were equally likely to enroll in some type of work-related training and were most likely to do so between the ages of 35 and 44 years. White enrollment in professional development courses tended to be higher than Hispanic enrollment. (Contains 12 tables/figures.) (MN)
AU  - Kopka, Teresita L.
AU  - Peng, Samuel S.
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 56
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-471
KW  - National Household Education Survey
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Participation
KW  - Enrollment Trends
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Enrollment Influences
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808891?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Putting the Information Infrastructure to Work. Report of the Information Infrastructure Task Force Committee on Applications and Technology. NIST Special Publication 857.
AN  - 62706763; ED385275
AB  - An interconnection of computer networks, telecommunications services, and applications, the National Information Infrastructure (NII) can open up new vistas and profoundly change much of American life. This report explores some of the opportunities and obstacles to the use of the NII by people and organizations. The goal is to express how improvements in the technical foundation upon which all modern communications rests can benefit all Americans by focusing on the uses of the NII and the benefits to be derived by applications of advanced computing and communications technologies. This document describes how the evolving NII can: enhance the competitiveness of our manufacturing base; increase speed and efficiency of electronic commerce; improve health care delivery and control costs; promote development and accessibility of quality education and lifelong learning; improve effectiveness of environmental monitoring and assessing human impacts upon the earth; sustain the role of libraries as agents of democratic and equal access to information; and provide government services to the public faster, more responsively, and more efficiently. In addition to articulating a national vision that can serve as a framework for discussion and dialogue, a second goal is to improve public policy-making, to identify critical barriers, enablers, and the tools of government action most effective in each of these areas. In this way, the benefits of government activities in support of the NII can be maximized, while minimizing unintended or undesirable consequences. Several themes emerge: equity of access; pursuit of demonstrations and pilot projects; standards setting process; privacy and communications security; training and support; identification of long-term research and development priorities; and performance measurements to assess both public and private investments and experiments. It is hoped that careful consideration of the policy questions raised here will both facilitate the development of the NII and guide its evolution so that it best meets public purposes. (MAS)
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 118
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - National Information Infrastructure
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Planning
KW  - Decision Making
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Information Networks
KW  - Users (Information)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62706763?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Libraries and the National Information Infrastructure: Proceedings of the Forum on Library and Information Services Policy (2nd, Washington, D.C., May 16-17, 1994).
AN  - 62687572; ED375859
AB  - The 1994 Forum on Library and Information Services was planned to provide an opportunity to explore the role of libraries in the evolving information and communications infrastructure. This report on the proceedings of the Forum begins with the agenda and a list of the participants. Two roles of the Department of Education relating to libraries and the Internet/National Information Infrastructure (NII) are then examined. The next three sections are structured around: (1) the federal perspective; (2) the state, local, and institutional perspective; and (3) measuring the value of information services. Each session is divided into four parts: panel presentations with a moderator; discussants who offer comments on the panel presentations and the topic; open group discussion; and a summation to identify issues and needed actions. The report concludes with a review and evaluation of the forum highlighting implications of development and changes in library and information services for data collection and analyses, and a luncheon presentation on implementing the Institute for Postsecondary Education, Libraries, and Lifelong Education. Four appendices present a draft of a statement on libraries and the NII for public comment; descriptions of the Louisiana Libraries Network Project and the Blacksburg (Virginia) Electronic Village; and a summary of a current study of the costs and beneficial impacts of library functions. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 143
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451795
KW  - National Commission Libraries Information Science
KW  - National Information Infrastructure
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Government Role
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Library Research
KW  - Internet
KW  - Library Role
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62687572?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Information Policy: The Information Superhighway and the National Information Infrastructure (NII)
AN  - 61592309; 199401276
AB  - An explanatory overview of the principles, applications, regulations, & issues related to the National Information Infrastructure (NII), defined by the US government as "a seamless web of communications networks, computers, databases, & consumer electronics that will put vast amounts of information at users' fingertips." The NII principles, as identified by Vice President Al Gore, include promoting private sector investment, establishing universal access to information, promoting technological innovation, & ensuring information security. Noted are items of pending legislation on NII regulations & applications. 2 Tables. I. Shagrir
JF  - The Journal of Academic Librarianship
AU  - Griffith, Jane Bortnick
AU  - Smith, Marcia S
AD  - Congressional Research Service Library Congress, 10 First St SE Washington DC 20540-0001
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 93
EP  - 95
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
SN  - 0099-1333, 0099-1333
KW  - National Information Infrastructure, principles/applications/regulations
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Information Sources
KW  - Government Policy
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - article
KW  - 7213: social planning/policy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61592309?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Academic+Librarianship&rft.atitle=Information+Policy%3A+The+Information+Superhighway+and+the+National+Information+Infrastructure+%28NII%29&rft.au=Griffith%2C+Jane+Bortnick%3BSmith%2C+Marcia+S&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+Academic+Librarianship&rft.issn=00991333&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Information Technology; Information Sources; Telecommunications; Government Policy
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characteristics of the light field in highly turbid waters: A Monte Carlo study
AN  - 1827892483; PQ0003642439
AB  - The nature of the light field in waters with very high ratios of scattering coefficient to absorption coefficient (b : a) has been explored by Monte Carlo modeling. The progressive change in the angular structure of the field at a specified optical depth (zm) as b: a increases up to an extreme value of 200 is illustrated in terms of the changes in average cosines attenuation coefficient for downward irradiance on absorption and scattering is satisfactorily represented by A nomnogram is presented, with the help of which the values of the absorption and scattering coefficients for highly turbid water bodies can be estimated from underwater irradiance data.
JF  - Limnology and Oceanography
AU  - Kirk, John T0
AD  - CSIRO Division of Plant Industry G.P.O. Box 1600 Canberra, A.C.T. 260 1, Australia.
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 702
EP  - 706
PB  - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
VL  - 39
IS  - 3
SN  - 0024-3590, 0024-3590
KW  - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - Reflectance
KW  - Optical properties
KW  - Light fields
KW  - Statistical analysis
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Extreme values
KW  - Scattering coefficient
KW  - Light absorption
KW  - Underwater
KW  - Extinction coefficient
KW  - Absorption
KW  - Downward irradiance
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - SW 0810:General
KW  - Q1 08481:Productivity
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1827892483?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Characteristics+of+the+light+field+in+highly+turbid+waters%3A+A+Monte+Carlo+study&rft.au=Kirk%2C+John+T0&rft.aulast=Kirk&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=702&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/10.4319%2Flo.1994.39.3.0702
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2016-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-04
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Light absorption; Reflectance; Extinction coefficient; Optical properties; Downward irradiance; Statistical analysis; Light fields; Extreme values; Scattering coefficient; Underwater; Absorption; Limnology; Marine
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.3.0702
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Regulation of Glucose Transport in the NIN 3T3 L1 Preadipocyte Cell Line by TCDD
AN  - 14345527; 10485644
AB  - Intracellular radioactivity in the NIH 3T3 L1 preadipocyte cell lie was quantified after incubation with a non-metabolizable radioactive analogue of glucose in order to assess changes in cellular glucose uptake induced by TCDD. A time- and dose-dependent decline in cellular uptake of glucose was observed after treatment of differentiated cells. The portion of glucose transport activity sensitive to TCDD was eradicated by exposure to cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of facilitative glucose transporter proteins. Data are consistent with a proposed route for TCDD to reduce the titer of functional glucose transporter proteins through its interaction with the Ah receptor.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Olsen, Hugh
AU  - Enan, Essam
AU  - Matsumura, Fumio
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 454
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14345527?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Regulation+of+Glucose+Transport+in+the+NIN+3T3+L1+Preadipocyte+Cell+Line+by+TCDD&rft.au=Olsen%2C+Hugh%3BEnan%2C+Essam%3BMatsumura%2C+Fumio&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Selective Retention of Hydroxylated PCB Metabolites in Blood
AN  - 14341302; 10485646
AB  - The hydroxylated PCB metabolite retention pattern was studied in blood of rats at three intervals after an oral Aroclor 1254 dose. Human plasma and Baltic grey seal blood samples were also assayed for these metabolites. The few metabolites detected in samples were dominated by 4-hydroxylated-2,3,5,3',4'-PCB and 4-hydroxylated-2,3,5,6,2',4',5'-heptachlorobiphenyl. Hydroxylated PCB concentrations in samples were almost in the range as the most persistent PCB congeners for humans and seals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bergman, Ake
AU  - Klasson-Wehler, Eva
AU  - Kuroki, Hiroaki
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 464
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - BLOOD ANALYSIS
KW  - SPECIES COMPARISONS
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14341302?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Selective+Retention+of+Hydroxylated+PCB+Metabolites+in+Blood&rft.au=Bergman%2C+Ake%3BKlasson-Wehler%2C+Eva%3BKuroki%2C+Hiroaki&rft.aulast=Bergman&rft.aufirst=Ake&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; BLOOD ANALYSIS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SPECIES COMPARISONS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Light-Mediated Conversion of Nitrogen Dioxide to Nitric Oxide by Carotenoids
AN  - 14341255; 10485645
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cooney, Robert V
AU  - Harwood, Patricia J
AU  - Custer, Laurie J
AU  - Franke, Adrian A
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 460
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NITROGEN DIOXIDE
KW  - PHOTOSYNTHESIS
KW  - PATHOLOGY, PLANT
KW  - NITRIC OXIDE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14341255?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Light-Mediated+Conversion+of+Nitrogen+Dioxide+to+Nitric+Oxide+by+Carotenoids&rft.au=Cooney%2C+Robert+V%3BHarwood%2C+Patricia+J%3BCuster%2C+Laurie+J%3BFranke%2C+Adrian+A&rft.aulast=Cooney&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PHOTOSYNTHESIS; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; PATHOLOGY, PLANT; NITRIC OXIDE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Possible Risk of Endometriosis for Seveso, Italy, Residents: an Assessment of Exposure to Dioxin
AN  - 14336215; 10485648
AB  - Research has demonstrated an increased incidence of endometriosis in rhesus monkeys exposed to 5 or 25 ppt dioxin/d in food for 4 yr. A similar total time-integrated dioxin exposure of a human populatin was sought by examination of some Seveso, Italy, residents who were acutely exposed to dioxins following a chemical plant accident in 1976. The area under the time-concentration curve for dioxin in fat ranged from 1.7 million to 1.1 trillion ppt-d for the most heavily exposed subjects. These total exposures greatly exceed those sustained by laboratory monkeys and should render the Seveso population an ideal cohort to rule out or confirm whether exposure to dioxin leads to an increased risk of endometriosis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bois, Frederic Y
AU  - Eskenzai, Brenda
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 476
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - SPECIES COMPARISONS
KW  - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS
KW  - ITALY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336215?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Possible+Risk+of+Endometriosis+for+Seveso%2C+Italy%2C+Residents%3A+an+Assessment+of+Exposure+to+Dioxin&rft.au=Bois%2C+Frederic+Y%3BEskenzai%2C+Brenda&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=Frederic&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=476&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; SPECIES COMPARISONS; CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; ITALY; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Approach to Detecting Delayed Effects of Radioactive Contamination on Industrial-Urban Area Dwellers
AN  - 14336171; 10485647
AB  - Human health impacts linked to delayed effects from a 1957 nuclear accident that contaminated the Urals region of Russia were studied. Health data were accumulated for a group of residents living continuously in the contaminated area and for a group in the same area exposed to similar levels of chemical pollution but lower radioactive contamination. The health status of the population from the area tainted by radioactive fallout was adversely affected by radiation. Highly exposed residents had increased concentrations of circulating immune complexes in blood as well as increased blood sedimentation rates.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Privalova, Larissa I
AU  - Katsnelson, Boris A
AU  - Polzik, Eugene V
AU  - Kazantsev, Vladimir S
AU  - Lipatov, Georgy Y
AU  - Beikin, Yakov B
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 470
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS
KW  - IMMUNE RESPONSE
KW  - BLOOD ANALYSIS
KW  - RUSSIA
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336171?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=An+Approach+to+Detecting+Delayed+Effects+of+Radioactive+Contamination+on+Industrial-Urban+Area+Dwellers&rft.au=Privalova%2C+Larissa+I%3BKatsnelson%2C+Boris+A%3BPolzik%2C+Eugene+V%3BKazantsev%2C+Vladimir+S%3BLipatov%2C+Georgy+Y%3BBeikin%2C+Yakov+B&rft.aulast=Privalova&rft.aufirst=Larissa&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=470&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BLOOD ANALYSIS; RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; RUSSIA; NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS; IMMUNE RESPONSE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Characterization of Air Contaminants Formed by the Interaction of Lava and Sea Water
AN  - 14333698; 10485649
AB  - Air contaminants formed when basaltic lava from Kilauea Volcano, HI, contacts seawater were characterized. Large clouds of mist formed by such interaction can drift toward inhabited areas, prompting health concerns. The mist contained quantifiable levels of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, concentrations of which were greatest in dense plumes near the coast. HCL levels near the sea averaged 7.1 ppm, exceeding the 5 ppm occupational exposure limit; all HF concentrations were below 1 ppm. Sulfur dioxide was measured in one of four short-term samples at about 1.5 ppm and crystalline silica levels were below detectable limits.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kullman, Gregory John
AU  - Jones, William Gale
AU  - Cornwell, Ronnie James
AU  - Parker, John Eugene
Y1  - 1994/05//
PY  - 1994
DA  - May 1994
SP  - 478
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HAWAII
KW  - AIR POLLUTION, NATURAL
KW  - AIR POLLUTION INDICATORS
KW  - PARTICULATES
KW  - SEAWATER
KW  - VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
KW  - HYDROCHLORIC ACID
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333698?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+Air+Contaminants+Formed+by+the+Interaction+of+Lava+and+Sea+Water&rft.au=Kullman%2C+Gregory+John%3BJones%2C+William+Gale%3BCornwell%2C+Ronnie+James%3BParker%2C+John+Eugene&rft.aulast=Kullman&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=478&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HAWAII; SEAWATER; AIR POLLUTION, NATURAL; HYDROCHLORIC ACID; VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS; AIR POLLUTION INDICATORS; PARTICULATES
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on the Reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62718019; ED378742
AB  - This Congressional hearing on the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act was held to define the necessary elements and supports that must be in place in order to make inclusion work successfully for students with disabilities, parents, and teachers. It contains statements and supplemental materials from: (1) Congressional representatives, including Cass Ballenger (North Carolina) and Major Owens (New York); (2) the General Accounting Office; (3) educators, including Barbara Bateman, Daniel P. Hallahan, James M. Kauffman, and Patrick Schwarz; (4) private organizations, including Action for Children to Insure Options Now, American Association of University Affiliated Programs for Persons with Developmental Disabilities, National Education Association, Council for Exceptional Children, National Association of Private Schools for Exceptional Children, American Society for Deaf Children, American Federation of Teachers, and National Association of State Boards of Education; (5) parents, including Lyda L. Astrove, Jill R. Barker, Carlos A. Oberti, and Valerie J. Veltman; and (6) an individual with a disability, Roberta Gallant. (JDD)
Y1  - 1994/04/28/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 28
SP  - 218
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160461138
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Inclusive Schools
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Mainstreaming
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Regular and Special Education Relationship
KW  - Student Placement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62718019?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-91.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Human Services Amendments of 1994. Report Together with Minority and Additional Views. To Accompany H.R. 4250. House of Representatives, 103rd Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62815599; ED371861
AB  - This report presents amendments to H.R. 4250, a bill to authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1995 through 1998 to carry out the Head Start Act, the Community Services Block Grant Act, the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act, and the newly enacted Family Resource and Support Act. The text of the amendments themselves, as well as the complete text of the existing laws as currently amended, are included. Amendments to the Head Start Act address: (1) appropriations; (2) program expansion; (3) parent participation; (4) outcomes measures; (5) quality improvement; (6) Indian Head Start programs; and (7) staff training. Amendments to the Community Services Block Grant Act address appropriations, accountability, discretionary programs, the National Youth Sports Program, and the Community Food and Nutrition Program. Amendments to the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act deal with appropriations, contingency funding, reporting requirements, and vendor payments. The purpose of the new Family Resource and Support Act is to promote organization of state and local funding for family support programs. The report also presents the minority Republican view on these amendments. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/04/26/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 26
SP  - 161
KW  - Amendments
KW  - Community Services Block Grant Act
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Family Resource and Support Programs
KW  - Low Income Home Energy Assistance Act 1981
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Family Programs
KW  - Community Programs
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Block Grants
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62815599?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The National Environmental Education Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62704727; ED378059
AB  - This publication contains records of an oversight hearing on the National Environmental Education Act in which activities carried out under the Act since its signing were reviewed. The following witnesses addressed the hearing held on April 21, 1994: David B. Rockland, National Environmental Education and Training Foundation; Dr. Paul F. Nowak, Director, National Consortium for Environmental Education and Training; Judy Braus, Board Member, North American Association for Environmental Education; Loretta A. Ucelli, Associate Administrator, Office of Communication, Education and Public Affairs, Environmental Protection Agency; Jayni Chase, Founder, Center for Environmental Education; and Marietta J. Sutter, Coordinator, Project Green Reach. Each representative outlined his/her organization's activities and made suggestions for improvement of the Act. Suggested improvements ranged from reallocation of funding to increased cooperation between governmental agencies carrying out environmental education efforts. (LZ)
Y1  - 1994/04/21/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 21
SP  - 182
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016046109X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - National Environmental Education Act 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Environmental Education
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62704727?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-90.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994. Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 2884. House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62798634; ED369924
AB  - This conference report outlines the proposed House of Representatives and Senate compromise regarding disputed provisions in the proposed School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994. First, Congress' findings regarding the education needs of noncollege-bound students, youth employment, work-based learning, and educational attainment in the United States are summarized. Next, the major purposes of the proposed School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994 and Congress' intent in passing it are outlined, and pertinent definitions are presented. The remainder of the report consists of the proposed compromise text of titles I-VII of the act, which deal with the following: School-to-Work Opportunities basic program components, system development and implementation grants to the states, federal implementation grants to local partnerships, national programs, waiver of statutory and regulatory requirements, general provisions, other programs, and technical provisions. (MN)
Y1  - 1994/04/19/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 19
SP  - 65
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - School to Work Opportunities Act 1994
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Noncollege Bound Students
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Grants
KW  - Youth Programs
KW  - Career Guidance
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Work Experience Programs
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Career Counseling
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Articulation (Education)
KW  - Educational Opportunities
KW  - Transitional Programs
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Youth Employment
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - State Federal Aid
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62798634?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Program: Views from Participants and State Administrators. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives. One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62697096; ED374315
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony of persons who testified before or prepared reports for a Congressional hearing on the usefulness of the JOBS (Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Program). Witnesses included persons who had participated in the programs as well as state and local administrators of JOBS programs, national organizations, and Congressional representatives. Testimony showed that the JOBS program had produced some useful results in training and placing people in jobs. Witnesses stressed that such efforts were successful only when they provided child care and job placement, especially if attention was paid to the types of jobs in which people were placed. Witnesses stressed the importance of the Earned Income Tax Credit and the need to pass some type of health care legislation for the working poor so that they are better off working than being on welfare. Problems with the JOBS program included the following: lack of money, resulting in long waiting lists; emphasis on participation rather than on outcomes; and lack of good of jobs available for people who were trained. (KC)
Y1  - 1994/04/19/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 19
SP  - 107
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160446538
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - High School Equivalency Programs
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Welfare Recipients
KW  - Working Poor
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62697096?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-66.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Libraries and Their Role in the Information Infrastructure. Hearing on Examining the Role of Libraries in Developing America's New Information Infrastructure, before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62693614; ED373800
AB  - The purpose of this congressional hearing was to determine how libraries fit into the emerging national information infrastructure (NII). Testimony and prepared statements include those from Howard F. McGinn, Director, Emporia Public Library, Emporia, Kansas; James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress, Library of Congress, Washington D.C., accompanied by Nat Gadson, Donald Hiller, Betsy Miller, and Rubin Medina; Hardy R. Franklin, President, American Library Association, and Director, Washington, D.C. Public Library; Agnes M. Griffen, Montgomery County Public Library, Rockville, Maryland; James Ubel, Director, Shawnee Library System, Carterville, Illinois; Grant P. Thompson, Executive Director, Libraries for the Future, New York, New York; Donald Pascarella, General Manager, Harron Communications, Frazer, Pennsylvania; James S. Fogarty, Director of Curriculum and Technology, Project Consultant to Commonwealth Libraries, Schuylkill Intermediate Unit, Mar Lin, Pennsylvania; Beverly Choltco-Devlin, Director, Morrisville Public Library, Morrisville, New York; and Jeanne H. Simon, Chairperson, U.S. National Commission on Libraries and Information Science. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994/04/19/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 19
SP  - 100
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160444659
KW  - National Information Infrastructure
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Public Libraries
KW  - Government Publications
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Internet
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62693614?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1994. Report from the Committee on Labor and Human Resources To Accompany S. 2000. Senate, 103D Congress, 2d Session (April 11, 1994).
AN  - 62690844; ED375951
AB  - This Senate report delivered by Mr. Kennedy describes elements of the Human Services Reauthorization (HSR) Act of 1994. It provides: (1) a summary of the bill which reauthorizes funding for Head Start, the Community Services Block Grant, the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program, and the Family Resource Program for fiscal years 1995 through 1998 (1999 in the case of the Energy Assistance Program); (2) background information on the programs funded by the HSR Act, and the continuing need for such programs; (3) a brief history of the 1994 reauthorization legislation; (4) an explanation of the bill and committee views on allocation of funds, performance standards, outcome measures, monitoring, quality improvement, eligibility, facilities, and service delivery; (5) program cost estimates; (6) regulatory impact; (7) section-by-section analysis of the HSR Act's modifications to existing legislation; (8) committee action on the bill; and (9) the text of the statutes to be amended or replaced by the HSR Act. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/04/19/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 19
SP  - 126
KW  - Community Services Block Grant Act
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Family Resource and Support Programs
KW  - Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Low Income Groups
KW  - Human Services
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Family Programs
KW  - Block Grants
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62690844?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on Reauthorization of the Head Start Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (Louisville, Kentucky, April 15, 1994).
AN  - 62710200; ED374900
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Head Start Act taken at the 1994 National Head Start Conference. Much of the testimony was from Head Start administrators concerning the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the Head Start Act, particularly those which they would like to see expanded or improved. Presented is testimony by (1) California Representative Matthew Martinez; (2) two Head Start parents; (3) four Head Start regional directors; (4) the president of the South Carolina Head Start Association; (5) two directors of local Head Start programs; (6) two members of the National Migrant Head Start Program; (7) the president of the Indian Head Start Association; (8) the vice-president of the National Head Start Association; (9) the curriculum director of the Early Childhood Professional Development Network; and (10) a member of the Head Start Collaboration Project in Ohio. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/04/15/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 15
SP  - 95
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016044652X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Parents
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Staff Development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62710200?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-68.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on the Reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62707447; ED377650
AB  - This transcript presents testimony given at a House of Representatives committee hearing on the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Included is the text of an amendment, the Braille Literacy Amendment, which is intended to improve the literacy rate among children with visual impairments. This amendment calls for an individual assessment of each student's literacy skills, establishes teacher competency standards for Braille instruction, and facilitates the production of Braille and digital texts and other materials. Other issues addressed in the hearing include needs of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, issues concerned with the inclusion of students with disabilities in regular classes, personnel development, and discipline of students with disabilities. Organizations represented by statements either delivered or prepared include the American Association of School Administrators, National Association of State Directors of Special Education, and the National School Boards Association. Congressmen involved in the hearing included: Major R. Owens (New York); James A. Traficant, Jr. (Ohio); Charlie Rose (North Carolina); Robert C. Scott (Virginia); and Cliff Stearns (Florida). (DB)
Y1  - 1994/04/14/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 14
SP  - 152
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016045994X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Inclusive Schools
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Student Rights
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Blindness
KW  - Discipline
KW  - Staff Development
KW  - Braille
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Opinions
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Attention Deficit Disorders
KW  - Literacy
KW  - Hyperactivity
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62707447?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-86.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - "Recalibrating" the Auditory System: The Perception of Loudness
AN  - 85600301; 9507168
AB  - Regarding the adjustment or "recalibration" made by perceptual systems for relative suprathreshold sensitivity in response to transient stimuli in conditions in which sensory adaptation is not expected, the predicted underlying mechanisms of recalibration were compared between direct comparison & scaling procedures. It was predicted that when frequency one (f1) & two (f2) become perceptually indistinguishable, matching sound pressure levels (SPLs) should no longer be affected by shifting of the stimuli set. After establishing, in experiment 1 (N = 16), that a similar estimation bandwidth characterizes the recalibration prompted by direct loudness comparison, experiments 2-7 (total N = 96) were concerned with how bandwidth & extent of recalibration depend on the range of SPLs, their absolute levels, & the psychological paradigm. Two main experimental conditions used in the experiments were varied by direct comparison or magnitude estimation, frequency, decibel range, & stimuli type. Based on the experimental observations, recalibration measures are explained as occasioned when f1 & F2 differ sufficiently & the loudness matches change substantially, given a shift in the mean SPLs at the two frequencies. 1 Table, 10 Figures, 33 References. L. Borgen
JF  - Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
AU  - Marks, Lawrence E
AD  - John B. Pierce Laboratory, 290 Congress Ave New Haven CT 06519
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - April 1994
SP  - 382
EP  - 396
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
SN  - 0096-1523, 0096-1523
KW  - perceptual systems' recalibration, direct comparison/scaling procedures underlying mechanisms comparison
KW  - experiments
KW  - Auditory Thresholds (06150)
KW  - Auditory System (06100)
KW  - Intensity (Acoustics) (36650)
KW  - Auditory Perception (05800)
KW  - article
KW  - 4017: psycholinguistics; psychoacoustics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85600301?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Psychology%3A+Human+Perception+and+Performance&rft.atitle=%22Recalibrating%22+the+Auditory+System%3A+The+Perception+of+Loudness&rft.au=Marks%2C+Lawrence+E&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Psychology%3A+Human+Perception+and+Performance&rft.issn=00961523&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)
N1  - Date revised - 2003-10-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-27
N1  - CODEN - JPHPDH
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Auditory Thresholds (06150); Auditory Perception (05800); Auditory System (06100); Intensity (Acoustics) (36650)
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Education Research and Reform: An International Perspective.
AN  - 62812405; ED370880
AB  - The role of governments in the operation of education research and development systems is under critical scrutiny throughout the developed world. The introductory chapter presents the main themes of a seminar held in 1992 and outlines challenges for further work. The next 10 chapters focus on education research and development issues: (1) "Educational Research Policy in the United States: Background and Overview for the Joint OERI/OECD Seminar" (Tommy M. Tomlinson); (2) "Trends, Issues and Problems in Educational Research in a Group of OECD Countries" (Desmond L. Nuttall); (3) "The OERI/CERI Seminar on Educational Research and Development: A Synthesis and Commentary" (Michael Huberman); (4) "Research and Education Reform: A Study of the Federal Role in United States' Education Research and Development" (Katherine Bick; Gregg B. Jackson); (5) "Changes in the Relationship between Educational Research and Policy: The Case of the Netherlands" (Paul M. M. van Oijen); (6) "Teachers as Critical Consumers of Research" (Michael G. Fullan); (7) "Near the Chalk Face: New Approaches to Research for Education Renovation" (Bob W. Connell); (8) "Uniting Producers and Consumers: Challenges in Creating and Utilizing Educational Research and Development" (Susan H. Fuhrman); (9) "In Search of New Structures and Procedures for Organizing Government Funded Education Research and Development" (Thomas K. Glennan, Jr.); and (10) "Afterwards: Research and Reform in the United States" (Tommy M. Tomlinson). Biographies of the 11 authors follow the articles. (CK)
AU  - Tomlinson, Tommy M.
AU  - Tuijnman, Albert C.
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - April 1994
SP  - 185
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - PIP-94-1504
KW  - Reform Efforts
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Systems Development
KW  - Systems Approach
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - International Education
KW  - Systems Analysis
KW  - International Organizations
KW  - Institutional Role
KW  - Educational Development
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Organizational Effectiveness
KW  - Global Approach
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62812405?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Identifying Outstanding Talent in American Indian and Alaska Native Students.
AN  - 62806430; ED367127
AB  - This report reviews and synthesizes the most promising practices used to identify exceptionally talented students from the Native American population. Preliminary information includes an Indian Student Bill of Rights, discussion of the problem of talent identification, and discussion of special issues including diversity within the Native American population and cultural assimilation versus accommodation. Eight principles of identification are then presented. These include, among others, using assessments that go beyond a narrow conception of talent; using appropriate instruments with underserved populations; and using a multiple-measure/multiple-criteria approach to identification. Specific practices are then considered, which address: balancing the ideal and the practical; deciding on a concept of talent; recognizing the issues of a particular school; identifying traits that may influence manifestations of talent; recognizing behaviors that distinguish some Native American students from the general population; looking for manifestations of talent potential, alternative behaviors, situations, and interpretations; selecting and constructing appropriate assessment tools; and using the collected student data to make decisions. Recommendations address technical assistance, professional development, assessment portfolios, experimental programs, and program funding. Five appendices include technical information concerning evaluation measures, two sample case studies, and a list of assessment instruments. (Contains 77 references.) (DB)
AU  - Callahan, Carolyn M.
AU  - McIntire, Jay A.
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - April 1994
SP  - 93
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160431506
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Decision Making
KW  - Psychometrics
KW  - American Indians
KW  - Student Placement
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Cultural Influences
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Culture Fair Tests
KW  - Ability Identification
KW  - Cultural Differences
KW  - Gifted
KW  - Talent
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Alaska Natives
KW  - Talent Identification
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806430?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Group Work Programs in Public Schools: Ethical Dilemmas and Cultural Diversity
AN  - 61649467; 199400650
AB  - Describes the development of a social work program using groupwork as the primary practice method to meet the needs of the increasing number of immigrant children at a large urban public elementary school. Immigrant children often experience feelings of loss, depression, & alienation when adjusting to new communities, new social customs, & public schools. Ethical questions & dilemmas in groupwork included issues of self-determination, informed consent, & confidentiality. Practitioners were forced to confront culturally sensitive issues when developing empathy, building rapport, contracting, handling authority, & assuming an appropriate professional role. Case examples yield recommendations to improve ethical & culturally sensitive social work practice in the public school setting. 25 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Social Work in Education
AU  - Congress, Elaine P
AU  - Lynn, Maxine
AD  - Graduate School Social Service Fordham U, New York NY 10023
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - April 1994
SP  - 107
EP  - 114
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
SN  - 0162-7961, 0162-7961
KW  - immigrant children, groupwork program, urban public elementary school, ethical dilemmas
KW  - case examples
KW  - Professional Ethics
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Social Workers
KW  - Urban Areas
KW  - Immigrants
KW  - Group Work
KW  - Role Conflict
KW  - Children
KW  - Elementary Schools
KW  - article
KW  - 6148: social welfare
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61649467?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Work+in+Education&rft.atitle=Group+Work+Programs+in+Public+Schools%3A+Ethical+Dilemmas+and+Cultural+Diversity&rft.au=Congress%2C+Elaine+P%3BLynn%2C+Maxine&rft.aulast=Congress&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Work+in+Education&rft.issn=01627961&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Children; Immigrants; Group Work; Public Schools; Elementary Schools; Urban Areas; Professional Ethics; Role Conflict; Social Workers
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Breast-Feeding and Child Survival in Matlab, Bangladesh
AN  - 61578566; 199503870
AB  - Uses longitudinal data collected from 149 villages in Matlab, Bangladesh, to investigate the effect of both total & unsupplemented breast feeding in conjunction with birth interval on early childhood mortality. A discrete hazard model approach shows that it is not the duration of total breast feeding but the duration of unsupplemented breast feeding that increases child survival. Unsupplemented breast feeding appears as such a crucial determinant of early childhood mortality that its effect could not be substantially attenuated even when important demographic & socioeconomic factors were controlled. Each of the covariates -- supplementation, previous birth interval, & onset of a subsequent conception -- has an independent influence on early childhood mortality. 5 Tables, 23 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Biosocial Science
AU  - Shahidullah, M
AD  - International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, GPO Box 128 Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - April 1994
SP  - 143
EP  - 154
VL  - 26
IS  - 2
SN  - 0021-9320, 0021-9320
KW  - early childhood mortality
KW  - breast feeding/birth interval
KW  - longitudinal data
KW  - Matlab, Bangladesh
KW  - Child Mortality
KW  - Breast Feeding
KW  - Bangladesh
KW  - article
KW  - 8380: social development
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61578566?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biosocial+Science&rft.atitle=Breast-Feeding+and+Child+Survival+in+Matlab%2C+Bangladesh&rft.au=Shahidullah%2C+M&rft.aulast=Shahidullah&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biosocial+Science&rft.issn=00219320&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Child Mortality; Breast Feeding; Bangladesh
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Chiefs of state and cabinet members of foreign governments: a directory
T2  - LDA CS 94-004
AN  - 59644827; 1994-0512747
AB  - Issued bimonthly.
JF  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, April 1994. iv+122 pp.
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - April 1994
EP  - iv+122
PB  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540
KW  - Heads of state
KW  - Cabinet officers
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59644827?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Chiefs+of+state+and+cabinet+members+of+foreign+governments%3A+a+directory&rft.title=Chiefs+of+state+and+cabinet+members+of+foreign+governments%3A+a+directory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service pa
N1  - Document feature - index(es)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - China's economic dilemmas in the 1990s: the problems of reforms, modernization, and interdependence
AN  - 38873062; 1496863
JF  - China review international
AU  - Eggleston, Karen
AU  - Eggleston, Karen
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 82
EP  - 83
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SN  - 1069-5834, 1069-5834
KW  - Economics
KW  - Modernization
KW  - China
KW  - Economic reform
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38873062?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=China+review+international&rft.atitle=China%27s+economic+dilemmas+in+the+1990s%3A+the+problems+of+reforms%2C+modernization%2C+and+interdependence&rft.au=Eggleston%2C+Karen&rft.aulast=Eggleston&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=China+review+international&rft.issn=10695834&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3989 10691; 8179; 93 116 30
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Arsenic Risk Assessment
AN  - 14344958; 10484255
AB  - EPA established a cancer slope factor to estimate carcinogenic potency for arsenic in 1988, which was based on an ecological epidemiology study in Taiwan. The cancer slope factor assumes a linear doseresponse relationship, not considering increasing evidence of a sublinear doseresponse relationship for low As doses. EPA is currently reviewing the issue of lowering the maximum contaminant level from the current 50 mu g/l by examining literature studies. Two of these studies, which consider the methylation threshold and resulting internal cancers, are critically reviewed. The deficiencies in the reports are discussed. It is argued that mechanistic or more refined epidemiological studies are needed to assess the possible relationship between internal cancers and As ingestion, and that future risk assessments for As consider a sublinear As-induced cancer doseresponse relationship.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Carlson-Lynch, Heather
AU  - Beck, Barbara D
AU  - Boardman, Pamela D
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 354
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14344958?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Arsenic+Risk+Assessment&rft.au=Carlson-Lynch%2C+Heather%3BBeck%2C+Barbara+D%3BBoardman%2C+Pamela+D&rft.aulast=Carlson-Lynch&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=354&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 21 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; ARSENIC
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sources of Lead Exposure in Mexico City
AN  - 14339119; 10484258
AB  - An array of environmental samples were collected in Mexico City and examined as possible sources of lead contamination. In addition, blood Pb levels of school children were examined. Data are presented on Pb contamination of air samples, Pb-based paints and pigments used by children, Pb-glazed ceramics used to cook and store food, Pb-soldered cans used for processed foods, drinking-water samples, cigarettes, cosmetics, and traditional medicine. The results indicate a serious Pb-contamination problem in the city, despite efforts by the government to limit Pb exposure. Blood Pb levels are significantly higher in city residents than in those from rural areas. The major factors positively associated with elevated blood Pb levels are: the use of Pb-gazed ceramics to prepare food, higher automobile traffic, and biting colored pencils.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Romieu, Isabelle
AU  - Palazuelos, Eduardo
AU  - Avila, Mauricio Hernandez
AU  - Rios, Camilo
AU  - Munoz, Ilda
AU  - Jimenez, Carlos
AU  - Cahero, Gisela
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 384
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - METAL CONTAMINATION
KW  - MEXICO
KW  - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL
KW  - SOURCE MEASUREMENT
KW  - LEAD
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14339119?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Sources+of+Lead+Exposure+in+Mexico+City&rft.au=Romieu%2C+Isabelle%3BPalazuelos%2C+Eduardo%3BAvila%2C+Mauricio+Hernandez%3BRios%2C+Camilo%3BMunoz%2C+Ilda%3BJimenez%2C+Carlos%3BCahero%2C+Gisela&rft.aulast=Romieu&rft.aufirst=Isabelle&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=384&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - METAL CONTAMINATION; MEXICO; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; SOURCE MEASUREMENT; LEAD
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Pesticides Endosulfan, Toxaphene, and Dieldrin Have Estrogenic Effects on Human Estrogen-Sensitive Cells
AN  - 14338522; 10484257
AB  - The E-screen test, which measures the proliferative effect of estrogens on human breast-cancer cells, was used to assess the effects of endosulfan, toxaphene, dieldrin, DDT, and chlordecone on estrogenic activity. The estrogenic activity of the pesticides was assessed by determining the ratio between the minimal concentration of estradiol needed for maximal cell yield at 6 d and the dose of the pesticide to achieve a comparable proliferative effect. All results were compared to DDT and chlordecone, which have exhibited well-documented estrogenic effects. Results indicated that the estrogenic effects of dieldrin, toxaphene, and endosulfan are comparable to that of DDT and chlordecone, and six orders of magnitude lower than that of estradiol. In combination, the pesticides proved to be even more potent than when they were administered alone.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Soto, Ana M
AU  - Chung, Kerrie L
AU  - Sonnenschein, Carlos
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 380
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - PESTICIDE DAMAGE
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - DIELDRIN
KW  - TOXAPHENE
KW  - ENDOSULFAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14338522?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Pesticides+Endosulfan%2C+Toxaphene%2C+and+Dieldrin+Have+Estrogenic+Effects+on+Human+Estrogen-Sensitive+Cells&rft.au=Soto%2C+Ana+M%3BChung%2C+Kerrie+L%3BSonnenschein%2C+Carlos&rft.aulast=Soto&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=380&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PESTICIDE DAMAGE; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; BIOASSAY; TOXAPHENE; DIELDRIN; ENDOSULFAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Acute Silica Toxicity: Attenuation by Amiodarone-Induced Pulmonary Phospholipidosis
AN  - 14336876; 10484256
AB  - The drug amiodarone, which leads initially to a pulmonary response characterized by the development of phospholipidosis, has been approved for treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. However, phospholipids in the lungs have been shown to reduce the toxicity of inhaled toxic silica dust. Male Fischer 344 rats were used to induce pulmonary phospholipidosis using amiodarone, and the effect of the phospholipids in mediating a challenge with silica dust was investigated. The experimental protocol is described. Compared to control animals, treatment with amiodarone resulted in an increase in phospholipid content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and alveolar macrophages. Following exposure to silica, the pulmonary phospholipidosis was clearly associated with a marked reduction in acute silica-induced pulmonary damage. In a subsequent in vitro study using alveolar macrophage cells, phospholipidotic alveolar macrophages were much more resistant to the cytotoxicity of surfactant-coated silica compared to control alveolar macrophages.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Antonini, James M
AU  - McCloud, Christy M
AU  - Reasor, Mark J
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 372
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CYTOTOXICITY
KW  - DRUGS
KW  - SILICON
KW  - PULMONARY DISORDERS
KW  - RESPIRABLE DUST
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336876?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Acute+Silica+Toxicity%3A+Attenuation+by+Amiodarone-Induced+Pulmonary+Phospholipidosis&rft.au=Antonini%2C+James+M%3BMcCloud%2C+Christy+M%3BReasor%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Antonini&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 12 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CYTOTOXICITY; DRUGS; SILICON; PULMONARY DISORDERS; RESPIRABLE DUST
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Establishing Generic Remediation Goals for the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Critical Issues
AN  - 14333280; 10484254
AB  - The remediation goals established by many state regulatory agencies for PAHs in soil are often exceeded, which diminishes the overall effectiveness of the goals. A better understanding of the health risks of PAH exposure is needed to determine whether the stated risks are over- or underestimated. The factors that affect the uncertainty of exposure estimates are discussed in terms of soil remediation efforts at hazardous waste sites. Areas considered include the carcinogenic potency of PAH mixture, the inability of EPA analytical methods to account for unreported PAHs in environmental samples, and bioavailability. A preliminary analysis of site-of-contact risks suggests that generic remediation goals for carcinogenic PAHs may be close to 0.001 mg/kg, which is well below even rural background PAH levels. It is recommended that the establishment of cleanup criteria for PAH-contaminated sites be based on both practicality and risk, which have been used for years to establish goals for radionuclides.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - LaGoy, Peter K
AU  - Quirk, Tamsen C
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 348
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - SOIL CONTAMINATION
KW  - WASTE SITE REMEDIATION
KW  - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333280?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Establishing+Generic+Remediation+Goals+for+the+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons%3A+Critical+Issues&rft.au=LaGoy%2C+Peter+K%3BQuirk%2C+Tamsen+C&rft.aulast=LaGoy&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; SOIL CONTAMINATION; WASTE SITE REMEDIATION; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Risk Factors for Osteoporosis
AN  - 14332997; 10484259
AB  - At a recent NIEHS conference, the risk factors for osteoporosis were reviewed, and efforts were made to identify gaps in current and future research. The environmental risk factors debated included lead, for which bone is a target tissue, cadmium, aluminum, and fluoride. Study results indicate a strong link between Pb exposure and osteoporosis. Cadmium exposure has been shown to affect calcium metabolism in the kidneys, which can result in small increases in urinary Ca excretion. The effects of Cd can be mediated by increasing the circulating levels of calciotropic hormones. The results from limited studies on the relationship between Al and bone disease have been inconclusive, but some data suggest that aplastic bone disease may be related to an Al-mediated decrease in parathyroid hormone levels. Fluoride has not been linked to increases in bone fractures. Exposure to environmental estrogens at an early age may increase the changes of osteoporosis in older women.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Goyer, R A
AU  - Epstein, S
AU  - Bhattacharyya, M
AU  - Korach, K S
AU  - Pounds, J
Y1  - 1994/04//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Apr 1994
SP  - 390
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BONE DISORDERS
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - LEAD
KW  - ALUMINUM
KW  - FLUORIDES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332997?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Risk+Factors+for+Osteoporosis&rft.au=Goyer%2C+R+A%3BEpstein%2C+S%3BBhattacharyya%2C+M%3BKorach%2C+K+S%3BPounds%2C+J&rft.aulast=Goyer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=390&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; BONE DISORDERS; ALUMINUM; LEAD; CADMIUM; FLUORIDES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Vampire Project: An Aboriginal Perspective
AN  - 1311170211
AB  - A number of issues must be resolved before Aboriginal communities participate in the Human Genome Diversity Project.
JF  - Search
Y1  - 1994/04/01/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Apr 01
SP  - 88
CY  - Sydney, N.S.W.
PB  - Australian & New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science, ANZAAS.
VL  - 25
IS  - 3
SN  - 0004-9549
KW  - Social Sciences (General)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1311170211?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apio&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Search&rft.atitle=The+Vampire+Project%3A+An+Aboriginal+Perspective&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Search&rft.issn=00049549&rft_id=info:doi/
DB  - Periodicals Index Online
N1  - Last updated - 2013-02-25
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reauthorization of the Native Hawaiian Education Act. Oversight Hearing on Reauthorization of the Native Hawaiian Education Act To Authorize and Develop Supplemental Education Programs To Assist Native Hawaiians in Reaching the National Education Goals, before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (Honolulu, HI).
AN  - 62710090; ED374940
AB  - A Senate committee received testimony supporting reauthorization of the Native Hawaiian Education Act as part of reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). In the previous week, the House of Representatives had narrowly defeated an effort to delete the Native Hawaiian Education Act from ESEA reauthorization. The Native Hawaiian Education Act recounts the history of the U.S. invasion and illegal annexation of Hawaii, describes the basis of the federal government's trust responsibility toward Native Hawaiians, the educational needs of Native Hawaiian children, and authorizes supplemental educational programs to assist Native Hawaiians to reach the National Education Goals. These supplemental programs are Native Hawaiian Language Immersion Project; Native Hawaiian Family-Based Education Centers serving infants, preschoolers, and their families; Native Hawaiian Higher Education Demonstration Program; Native Hawaiian Gifted and Talented Demonstration Program; and Native Hawaiian Special Education Program. Testimony by U.S. Senators and Representatives, school and college administrators, program directors, teachers, and parents describes the programs and provides evidence about the need for these programs and about program successes and accomplishments. Appended materials include the text of the Act and data on program enrollments and Native Hawaiian college enrollment. (SV)
Y1  - 1994/03/30/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 30
SP  - 231
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160448395
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Native Hawaiian Education Act 1994
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Supplementary Education
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Special Education
KW  - Hawaiians
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Language Maintenance
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Hawaiian
KW  - Family Involvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Native Language Instruction
KW  - College Preparation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62710090?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Indian Issues Regarding Head Start Reauthorization. Joint Hearing To Expand the Provisions of Head Start Services and To Improve the Overall Quality of Head Start Programs, before the Committee on Indian Affairs and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62709718; ED374939
AB  - A joint Senate committee hearing received testimony on the unique circumstances and needs of American Indian Head Start programs. There are currently about 120 Indian Head Start programs providing services to 181 American Indian and Alaska Native tribes. The Associate Commissioner of the Head Start Bureau described the ongoing federal initiative aimed at improving and expanding Head Start by making additional financial and technical assistance available to Head Start grantees. U.S. Senators, tribal leaders, Indian parents, and representatives of the National Indian Head Start Directors Association, the National Head Start Association, the National Indian Education Association, and individual Indian Head Start programs discussed the following issues: (1) potential weakening of the federal-tribal nation-to-nation relationship by proposed decentralization of federal administrative functions for serving Indian children; (2) eligibility requirements that exclude educationally disadvantaged children whose family income is marginally above the maximum; (3) restrictions that prevent a tribal program from serving Indians of other tribes or its own members living off-reservation; (4) need for pre-natal services and services for infants and toddlers; (5) obstacles to construction and renovation of Head Start facilities by Indian grantees; (6) funding difficulties and additional program costs related to the remoteness of many Indian communities; (7) insufficient funds to address the training needs of staff, parents, and volunteers; and (8) need for Head Start services in unserved Indian communities. Appended materials include legislative recommendations, numerical data on Head Start programs, and descriptions of individual tribal programs. (SV)
Y1  - 1994/03/25/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 25
SP  - 205
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160448166
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Facility Requirements
KW  - Young Children
KW  - Low Income
KW  - Delivery Systems
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Eligibility
KW  - Financial Problems
KW  - Tribes
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Disadvantaged
KW  - Hearings
KW  - American Indian Education
KW  - Federal Indian Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62709718?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Several appended materials contain small print, fi
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - H.R. 3254-The National Science Foundation Authorization Act. Markup before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62708010; ED377071
AB  - This document is a bill (H.R. 3254) written by the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the U.S. House of Representatives to authorize appropriations for the National Science Foundation. It contains the following sections: (1) National Science Foundation Authorization; (2) General Provisions; (3) Academic Research Facilities Modernization; and (4) International Scientific Cooperation. (ZWH)
Y1  - 1994/03/23/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 23
SP  - 86
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (Stock No. 79-967 CC).
SN  - 0160444608
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - National Science Foundation
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Financial Policy
KW  - Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62708010?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Title page varies slightly.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Goals 2000: Educate America Act. Conference Report To Accompany H.R. 1804, House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62807301; ED369149
AB  - The U.S. House of Representatives and Senate issued a conference report on the Goals 2000: Educate America Act. The act is designed to improve learning and teaching by providing a national framework for educational reform and to promote other changes in education and federal programs. The conference committee agreed that this report replaced an earlier amendment proposed by the House to a Senate amendment. The first section of this report includes a short title and table of contents. The report includes Title I, National Education Goals; Title II, National Reform Leadership, Standards, and Assessments; Title III, State and Local Education Systemic Improvement; Title IV, Parental Assistance; Title V, National Skill Standards Board; Title VI, International Education Program; Title VII, Safe Schools; Title VIII, Minority-Focused Civics Education; Title IX, Educational Research and Improvement; and, Title X, Miscellaneous. The second section includes the purposes of the act. The third section includes definitions. (JPT)
Y1  - 1994/03/21/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 21
SP  - 232
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807301?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act Amendments of 1994. Conference Report [To Accompany S. 1284]. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62801448; ED370300
AB  - This report was issued by a conference committee of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives to reconcile disagreeing votes on amendments to the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act. The Act is designed to assure that individuals with developmental disabilities and their families participate in the design of and have access to culturally competent services, supports, and other assistance and opportunities that promote independence, productivity, and integration and inclusion into the community. The amendments deal with expanding or modifying certain provisions relating to the Act's five titles, covering programs for individuals with developmental disabilities, Federal assistance for priority area activities for individuals with developmental disabilities, protection and advocacy of individual rights, university affiliated programs, and projects of national significance. A joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference is included to explain the effect of the agreed-upon text of the Act. (JDD)
Y1  - 1994/03/21/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 21
SP  - 65
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Developmental Disabled Assist Bill of Rights Act
KW  - University Affiliated Training Programs
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Developmental Disabilities
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Services
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Advocacy
KW  - Social Integration
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Civil Rights Legislation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62801448?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Print is small in parts.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Urban Recreation and At-Risk Youth Act of 1994. Report to Accompany H.R. 4034. 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62697181; ED374197
AB  - The Committee on Natural Resources reports on Bill H.R. 4034 to amend the Urban Park and Recreation Recovery Act of 1978 to authorize grants for the expansion of recreation opportunities for at-risk youth in urban areas with a high prevalence of crime and for other purposes. The Committee reports favorably on the Bill, with an amendment, and recommends its passage. The amendment stresses that well-maintained recreational facilities and services have been shown to decrease the incidence of violent crime among youth and to improve the quality of life for urban residents. Selection criteria for grants are defined, and how Park and Recreation Action Recovery Programs must coordinate recreation and crime-prevention efforts is reviewed. The historical background of the Bill is summarized. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994/03/21/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 21
SP  - 15
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Recreation Legislation
KW  - High Risk Students
KW  - Crime Prevention
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Grants
KW  - Community Resources
KW  - Recreational Programs
KW  - Violence
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Urban Areas
KW  - Parks
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62697181?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Educational Programs. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Education, Training and Employment of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62712142; ED379495
AB  - This hearing addresses veterans' education assistance programs administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs. A special focus is the Montgomery GI Bill. Testimony includes statements and prepared statements and material submitted for the record of individuals representing the following: Department of Defense, Air Force, Coast Guard, AMVETS, Army, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Vietnam Veterans of America, American Legion, Marine Corps, Non-Commissioned Officers Association, Department of Veterans Affairs, Navy, and Disabled American Veterans. Written committee questions of Congressmen are accompanied by responses from the following: Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Defense, Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard, and Department of Labor. (YLB)
Y1  - 1994/03/10/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 10
SP  - 223
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016046529X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - G I Bill
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Veterans
KW  - Training Allowances
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Military Personnel
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Vietnam Veterans
KW  - Veterans Education
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62712142?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-43.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Service and Joint Training: Lessons Learned from Recent Conflicts. Hearing before the Military Forces and Personnel Subcommittee of the Committee on Armed Services. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62711052; ED375327
AB  - This document contains the oral and written statements of persons whose testimony was presented before a Congressional hearing on training lessons learned from recent military conflicts. Principal witness was Mark E. Gebicke, Director of Military Operations and Capabilities Issues, National Security and International Affairs Division, U.S. General Accounting Office. The testimony stated the following: (1) training of Active Duty forces is a never-ending process; (2) joint training and operations are receiving increasing emphasis; (3) simulation technology offers significant new ways to enhance training; (4) determining the right amount to spend on training is much more complex than it seems; and (5) training of Reserve component combat forces, particularly in the Army, poses a much greater challenge than the training of Active Duty forces. All of these issues are interrelated. (KC)
Y1  - 1994/03/10/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 10
SP  - 62
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016045915X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Military Training
KW  - Military Personnel
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Training Methods
KW  - On the Job Training
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Armed Forces
KW  - Educational Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62711052?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - H.A.S.C. No. 103-43.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on the Reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA). Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62702129; ED381988
AB  - This transcript of a hearing on the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act includes statements by representatives of Hofstra University (New York), Advocates for Children (New York), Self-Initiated Living Options (New York), the National Center on Educational Restructuring and Inclusion (New York), National Center on Education and Economy (District of Columbia), the National Family for the Advancement of Minorities with Disabilities (Michigan), and Education and Human Services Research of SRI International (California), along with statements of two Congressional Representatives (Major R. Owens and Cass Ballenger). Among issues addressed in the testimony are needs of the birth to age 5 population, over-representation of minorities in special education, postschool outcomes for special education students, arguments for and against full inclusion, the importance of individualization, and school-to-work transition. Additional prepared materials address these issues in more detail. (DB)
Y1  - 1994/03/10/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 10
SP  - 150
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 016044778X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Special Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Opinions
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Organizations (Groups)
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62702129?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-74.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Medical Education and the Supply of Health Professionals. Hearing before the Committee on Finance. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62717392; ED380012
AB  - The Senate Committee on Finance met to hear testimony on and discuss the preparation of medical doctors and how the Clinton Administration's proposed health care reform would influence medical education and the supply of health care professionals. Peter P. Budetti, director of the Center for Health Policy Research at George Washington University (Washington, D.C.), testified on how past federal policy has contributed to the rise of doctors training in specialties and subspecialties and has caused a decline in general practitioners. Jack M. Colwill, representing the Council on Graduate Medical Education, testified that the nation has too few generalists, has a surplus of specialists, and is moving toward a progressive physician surplus, which may impede the ability to move into systems of managed care and may contribute to escalating costs. Debra J. Folkerts, a family nurse practitioner from Kansas, testified on graduate nurse education and other health care reform efforts. Clayton E. Jensen, dean of the University of North Dakota School of Medicine, testified on how his institution has responded to North Dakota's health care service needs. The document also includes statements from Senators Orrin G. Hatch, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, and Bob Packwood and a position statement from the American Academy of Family Physicians. (JB)
Y1  - 1994/03/08/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 08
SP  - 99
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160466490
KW  - Clinton Administration
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Health Care Reform
KW  - Health Delivery Systems
KW  - Health Personnel Shortage
KW  - Health Policy
KW  - University of North Dakota
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Primary Health Care
KW  - Medical Schools
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Family Practice (Medicine)
KW  - Supply and Demand
KW  - Medical Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Nursing Education
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Physicians
KW  - Labor Supply
KW  - Medical Services
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62717392?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Steps toward a Comprehensive Employment and Training System. Hearing before the Employment, Housing, and Aviation Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62809912; ED371208
AB  - This document records the oral testimony and written reports of witnesses who testified at a Congressional hearing on moving the United States toward a comprehensive employment training system. Witnesses included members of Congress, state officials, labor representatives, and association officials concerned with employment and training. At the hearing, witnesses took a broader look at the government's ineffective employment and training efforts, which span more than 150 programs operated by 14 federal agencies spending about $25 billion per year. Issues considered include whether and how to reinvent employment and training programs. The witnesses commented on the difficulties caused by the multiplicity of federal programs and the steps that they are taking to overcome the hurdles. (KC)
Y1  - 1994/03/03/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Mar 03
SP  - 144
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160443628
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Job Training Partnership Act 1982
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Program Administration
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809912?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students in Postsecondary Education. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62810545; ED369216
AB  - This report presents results of statistical analysis of the 1993 federal "Survey on Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students in Postsecondary Education." Data were collected from 982 of the nation's 2-year and 4-year postsecondary institutions (Gallaudet University and the National Technical Institute for the Deaf were not included) and were weighted to provide national estimates. Highlights of findings include: (1) about half of the nation's 5,000 postsecondary institutions enrolled one or more students who identified themselves as deaf or hard of hearing in the last 4 years; (2) public institutions were much more likely than private institutions to enroll such students (79 percent versus 29 percent); (3) a total of 20,040 deaf or hard of hearing students were identified (an increase of approximately 3,000 students since 1989); (4) about a third of the institutions provided special support services to a total of 16,100 students; (5) classroom notetakers, sign language interpreters, and assistive listening devices were the major support services provided. This report provides detailed analysis in narrative, tables, and figures on: enrollment in postsecondary institutions, provision of support services, types of support services provided, problems with providing support services, and information that institutions would find useful in providing services. Additional information details the survey methodology and data reliability. Two appendices provide tables of standard errors and the survey questionnaire. Contains 12 references. (DB)
AU  - Lewis, Laurie
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 71
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-394
KW  - Survey on Deaf Hard of Hearing Students Postsecond
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Two Year Colleges
KW  - Hearing Impairments
KW  - Public Colleges
KW  - Private Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Assistive Devices (for Disabled)
KW  - Notetaking
KW  - Deaf Interpreting
KW  - Partial Hearing
KW  - Deafness
KW  - Enrollment Trends
KW  - Statistical Analysis
KW  - Incidence
KW  - College Students
KW  - Student Personnel Services
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62810545?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Testing and Assessment in Vocational Education. Background Paper.
AN  - 62808825; ED368908
AB  - This background paper provides a picture of general progress in vocational education assessment instruments and policies. Chapter 1 explains the paper's purposes and presents a summary of its contents. Chapter 2 traces the evolution of federal accountability requirements in vocational education law and explains the intent of the 1990 provisions. Chapter 3 profiles current state testing and assessment policies in vocational education. It analyzes how state assessment policies and practices are changing in response to Perkins Act requirements and considers how these changes could affect both other reforms in vocational education and the nature of learning and instruction in vocational education itself. Chapter 4 describes some testing and assessment resources available to measure various kinds of occupational skills, including tests developed by three main vendors. Chapter 5 explores alternative approaches for defining, teaching, and measuring broad technical skills and highlights issues that should be considered in moving toward assessments that meet needs identified by Congress. Chapter 6 describes how the U.S. Department of Education has implemented performance standards. One appendix lists legislative milestones related to accountability in federal vocational education programs. Another appendix explains acronyms. (YLB)
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 127
PB  - New Orders, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 37194, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (stock no. 052-003-01367-3: $7.50).
VL  - OTA-BP-SET-123
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Measures (Individuals)
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Accountability
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Job Skills
KW  - State Government
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Evaluation Criteria
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Compliance (Legal)
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Performance
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808825?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - A Compilation of Federal Education Laws. Volume III--Higher Education, As Amended through March 1994. Prepared for the Use of the Committee on Education and Labor of the U.S. House of Representatives and for the Use of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session. [Committee Print.]
AN  - 62795075; ED369325
AB  - This document presents the texts of selected titles, sections, and amendments of federal laws dealing with specific aspects of postsecondary education. It is divided into the following major parts: (1) "General Higher Education Programs"; (2) "Native American Higher Education"; (3) "National Science Foundation"; (4) Mathematics, Science, and Engineering"; and (5) "Assistance to Specified Institutions." Selected titles and subsections include those from the Higher Education Act of 1965; the Higher Education Amendments of 1968, 1980, 1986, and 1992; the National Science Foundation Act of 1950; and the Excellence in Mathematics, Science, and Engineering Education Act of 1990. Among the subjects addressed are institutional and student financial assistance; educator recruitment, retention, and development; international education programs; academic facility improvement and construction; cooperative education; land-grant status for colleges in the United States, Virgin Islands, and Guam; postsecondary education legislation directed at American Indians; and educational improvements in the areas of mathematics and the sciences. (GLR)
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 735
KW  - Education Amendments 1972
KW  - Education Amendments 1980
KW  - Excellence in Math Sci and Engrg Educ Act 1990
KW  - Higher Education Act Amendments 1986
KW  - Higher Education Act Amendments 1992
KW  - Higher Education Act 1965
KW  - National Science Foundation Act 1950
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Educational Facilities
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - School Support
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Mathematics Education
KW  - Laws
KW  - American Indians
KW  - Engineering
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Universities
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62795075?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-J.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Child Health USA '93.
AN  - 62712766; ED376387
AB  - This annual report presents data on the health status and needs of American children from infancy through adolescence. The report's first section gives general population data, providing context for sections two and three, which present data on health status and service utilization for American children. The fourth section contains state-specific data on infant health which show the variability among states on basic health measures. The data indicate that gaps exist in primary care which could save the lives or improve the health of millions of children. Almost half of American children were not receiving immunizations at the recommended ages. Almost 28% of children aged 5-17 had not had a dental visit in the previous year. From ages 1-20, children and adolescents are more likely to die from injury than from any other cause, in spite of simple precautions, such as wearing bicycle helmets, a practice that could have prevented many injuries. Data indicate that greater efforts should be made to combat abuse, neglect, drugs, and violence in the family. School-based and school-linked services are both promising ways to make better health services and information available to children and their families. Health care reform, providing universal health insurance coverage, help bring American children and their families appropriate health promotion, disease prevention, disease treatment, and chronic care. (Contains 46 references.) (CC)
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 63
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - DHHS-HRSA-MCH-94-1
KW  - Health Care Reform
KW  - United States
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Death
KW  - Mortality Rate
KW  - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Infant Mortality
KW  - Primary Health Care
KW  - Children
KW  - School Health Services
KW  - Demography
KW  - Health Services
KW  - Health Needs
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Child Abuse
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62712766?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Photographs may not reproduce well.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Technology for Education Act of 1994. Report Together with Additional and Minority Views To Accompany S. 1040. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 103D Congress 2d Session.
AN  - 62687677; ED375795
AB  - The Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources reports favorably on Senate Bill 1040 (S. 1040) and recommends its passage as amended. S. 1040 is designed to provide leadership at the federal level to promote effective uses of technology to improve teaching and learning and to promote equal access to educational opportunities for all. It establishes a framework and future direction for the infusion of high-quality technology in support of the Goals 2000 legislation and other initiatives. An Office of Educational Technology is established and directed to undertake a long-term plan for educational technology. The remainder of the bill describes a series of grants to assist states in developing comprehensive technology plans and to encourage research. The legislation also provides funds for establishing consortia for educators and nonprofit providers to develop training, technical assistance, and information dissemination to advance technology in education. Proposed amendments are modifications to the language and some simplifications that do not affect the bill's emphasis on the role of technology as a major tool for education. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 52
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Training
KW  - Access to Education
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Grants
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Equal Education
KW  - Computer Uses in Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Educational Planning
KW  - Educational Technology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62687677?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Public Elementary Teachers' Views on Teacher Performance Evaluations. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62564097; ED404299
AB  - A study was conducted to determine the extent to which public school teachers of kindergarten through grade 6 have experienced formal evaluations in their current school and the procedures employed in evaluating teacher performance. The nationally representative Survey on Teacher Performance Evaluations was administered to approximately 1,000 elementary school teachers in the spring of 1993. Findings include the following: (1) most teachers (89 percent) believe their last performance evaluation provided an accurate assessment of their teaching performance; (2) 94 percent reported that evaluation criteria were known to them prior to assessment; (3) 92 percent reported that their most recent evaluation included classroom observations; (4) while 99 percent said that subject matter knowledge should be a consideration in performance evaluation, only 65 percent said it had been considered in their most recent evaluation; (5) most teachers perceived that their evaluators were competent to judge performance in selected aspects of teaching; and (6) three-fourths of the sample indicated that determining teachers' pay levels was not an objective of evaluations at their school, and 50 percent agree that this should not be an objective. Fourteen statistical tables of estimates and standard errors and a sample copy of the survey instrument are appended. (LL)
AU  - Nolin, Mary Jo
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 75
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-097
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Teacher Attitudes
KW  - Public School Teachers
KW  - Evaluators
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Job Performance
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Teacher Evaluation
KW  - Evaluation Criteria
KW  - Performance Factors
KW  - Evaluation Utilization
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62564097?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Compendio estadístico, revisado Marzo 1994
AN  - 59675427; 1994-1200569
AB  - Shipping, passenger, and cargo movements of maritime and airport facilities, 1986-93; Puerto Rico.
JF  - G.P.O. 2829, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-2829, March 1994. 35 pp.
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 35
PB  - G.P.O. 2829, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-2829
KW  - Freight transport -- Puerto Rico -- Statistics
KW  - Air transport -- Puerto Rico -- Statistics
KW  - Ports -- Puerto Rico -- Statistics
KW  - Puerto Rico -- Transportation sector
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59675427?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Compendio+estad%C3%ADstico%2C+revisado+Marzo+1994&rft.title=Compendio+estad%C3%ADstico%2C+revisado+Marzo+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - Spanish
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - G.P.O. 2829, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-2829
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - SuppNotes - rev. ed.
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - China's economic dilemmas in the 1990s: the problems of reforms, modernization, and interdependence
AN  - 38644045; 1378494
JF  - China quarterly
AU  - Cabestan, Jean-Pierre
AU  - Cabestan, Jean-Pierre
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 256
EP  - 257
VL  - 137
SN  - 0009-4439, 0009-4439
KW  - Sociology
KW  - Economics
KW  - Economic crisis
KW  - Interdependence
KW  - Social development
KW  - Modernization
KW  - China
KW  - Economic reform
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38644045?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=China+quarterly&rft.atitle=China%27s+economic+dilemmas+in+the+1990s%3A+the+problems+of+reforms%2C+modernization%2C+and+interdependence&rft.au=Cabestan%2C+Jean-Pierre&rft.aulast=Cabestan&rft.aufirst=Jean-Pierre&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=China+quarterly&rft.issn=00094439&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3904; 3989 10691; 11813 3483; 8179; 6626 3429; 93 116 30
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the distribution of blue-green algae in lakes: Wind-tunnel tank experiments
AN  - 1808736544; PQ0003340563
AB  - In this study, we demonstrate in the laboratory that the distribution of weakly floating algae in wind-driven, steady state, two-dimensional flow in a water body is in accord with theoretical predictions. We confirm the theoretical results that the concentrations of algal colonies of uniform flotation speed should increase exponentially in the downwind direction and that the length scale of this concentration variation should be inversely proportional to the colony flotation speed. We observed accumulation of a surface film at the downwind shore of our tank. This film dampens surface waves, inhibits surface mixing, modifies the nearshore water circulation, traps the algae, and allows the algae to accumulate into mats.
JF  - Limnology and Oceanography
AU  - Hutchinson, Paul A
AU  - Webster, Ian T
AD  - Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, GPO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2601.
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 374
EP  - 382
PB  - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
SN  - 0024-3590, 0024-3590
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Prediction
KW  - Surface water waves
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Shores
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Colonies
KW  - Lakes
KW  - Tanks
KW  - Waves
KW  - Water circulation
KW  - Flotation
KW  - Films
KW  - Algae
KW  - Marine
KW  - Floating structures
KW  - Algal mats
KW  - Laboratories
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Cyanobacteria
KW  - Surface films
KW  - Traps
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - SW 0810:General
KW  - Q1 08222:Geographical distribution
KW  - K 03450:Ecology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808736544?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=On+the+distribution+of+blue-green+algae+in+lakes%3A+Wind-tunnel+tank+experiments&rft.au=Hutchinson%2C+Paul+A%3BWebster%2C+Ian+T&rft.aulast=Hutchinson&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/10.4319%2Flo.1994.39.2.0374
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2016-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-12-22
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lakes; Floating structures; Algal mats; Surface water waves; Surface films; Tanks; Flotation; Colonies; Shores; Traps; Waves; Water circulation; Algae; Prediction; Laboratories; Limnology; Oceanography; Films; Cyanobacteria; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.2.0374
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of wind on the distribution of phytoplankton cells in lakes revisited
AN  - 1808657010; PQ0003340545
AB  - Experimental evidence suggests that winds having speeds >2-3 m s super(-1) are required to mix floating phytoplankton cells (or colonies) away from the water surface. We consider theoretical, steady state distributions of phytoplankton in a lake caused by turbulence and circulation patterns induced by winds having speeds above this critical level. The model incorporates an eddy diffusivity which varies with position in the water column. It predicts concentration variations in the downwind direction which are more in accord with experiment than a previously presented model having an eddy diffusivity uniform in the vertical. If the windspeed is less than the critical value, then a floating phytoplankton scum is expected to remain on the surface. The horizontal distribution of a phytoplankton population will be very different depending on whether the windspeed is greater or less than the critical speed.
JF  - Limnology and Oceanography
AU  - Webster, Ian T
AU  - Hutchinson, Paul A
AD  - CSIRO Centre for Environmental Mechanics, GPO Box 821, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - March 1994
SP  - 365
EP  - 373
PB  - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography
VL  - 39
IS  - 2
SN  - 0024-3590, 0024-3590
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Eddy diffusivity
KW  - Horizontal distribution
KW  - Limnology
KW  - Phytoplankton
KW  - Floating
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Water column
KW  - Distribution Patterns
KW  - Colonies
KW  - Lakes
KW  - Turbulence
KW  - Wind
KW  - Modelling
KW  - Marine
KW  - Plankton surveys
KW  - Oceanography
KW  - Model Studies
KW  - Eddies
KW  - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies
KW  - Q1 08461:Plankton
KW  - SW 0810:General
KW  - K 03450:Ecology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808657010?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Effect+of+wind+on+the+distribution+of+phytoplankton+cells+in+lakes+revisited&rft.au=Webster%2C+Ian+T%3BHutchinson%2C+Paul+A&rft.aulast=Webster&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/10.4319%2Flo.1994.39.2.0365
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2016-07-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-12-22
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Plankton surveys; Eddy diffusivity; Horizontal distribution; Lakes; Phytoplankton; Modelling; Colonies; Turbulence; Water column; Wind; Distribution Patterns; Eddies; Limnology; Oceanography; Floating; Model Studies; Marine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.2.0365
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nutrient enrichment of the Sydney continental shelf
AN  - 16986936; 3632212
AB  - Nutrient-rich waters arrived at the continental shelf at Sydney in late January 1992 in two ways: as an intrusion from the nearby continental slope and as a cold upwelled plume originating several hundred kilometres farther north. With the former, an undercurrent flowed northward on the upper continental slope south of where the nearshore edge of a warm anticyclonic eddy separated from the shelf and curved out to sea. The undercurrent rose onto the floor of the shelf and spread shoreward at least to the 60-m isobath as an intrusion of slope water. The other source of nutrients, the upwelled plume from the north, probably resulted from the East Australian Current spreading onto the shelf and driving an Ekman bottom boundary layer shoreward, where it upwelled to the surface and was then advected southward. Very high values of fluorescence at 20-40 m depth in the plume suggested a significant phytoplankton bloom. The plume was not continuous at the surface for the final 100 km of its passage to Sydney, rather taking the form of 40-km-long 'slugs' moving at similar to 0.3 m/s. It was, however, continuous beneath the surface. From Sydney it was carried out to sea around the perimeter of the anticyclonic eddy.
JF  - Australian journal of marine and freshwater research. Melbourne
AU  - Cresswell, G
AD  - CSIRO Div. Oceanogr., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 70001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 677
EP  - 691
VL  - 45
IS  - 4
SN  - 0067-1940, 0067-1940
KW  - Australia, Sydney
KW  - marine ecosystems
KW  - mixing
KW  - nutrient enrichment
KW  - nutrients
KW  - nutrients (mineral)
KW  - ocean circulation
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - upwelling
KW  - plumes
KW  - phytoplankton
KW  - water currents
KW  - hydrodynamics
KW  - Marine
KW  - PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Sydney
KW  - K 03009:Algae
KW  - Q1 08462:Benthos
KW  - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - Q2 09146:TSD distribution, water masses and circulation
KW  - O 2020:Hydrodynamics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16986936?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.atitle=Nutrient+enrichment+of+the+Sydney+continental+shelf&rft.au=Cresswell%2C+G&rft.aulast=Cresswell&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.issn=00671940&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - upwelling; ocean circulation; plumes; phytoplankton; water currents; hydrodynamics; nutrients (mineral); nutrients; marine ecosystems; mixing; nutrient enrichment; PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Sydney; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Global climatic change. Impact on coastal environments of the South Pacific
AN  - 16971074; 3627817
AB  - Common concerns about the environment and sustainable development naturally draw Pacific island countries together to seek action on global environmental issues which threaten the countries in the region. Climatic disruption and potential sea level rise are issues of grave concern; our reliance on fragile biological resources is threatened by the patterns of large-scale exploitation of marine and terrestrial living resources. There is concern about the potentially catastrophic effects of climate change on the wealth of species and ecosystems in the region. It is the concern about the environment that underlies interest in the region in negotiations towards global conventions on climate change and the protection of biological diversity and the subsequent signing of both conventions by the Pacific island country leaders in June 1992 in Brazil.
JF  - Marine Policy
AU  - Tabai, I
AD  - South Pacific Forum, Forum Secretariat, GPO Box 856, Sueva, Fiji
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 183
EP  - 185
VL  - 18
IS  - 2
SN  - 0308-597X, 0308-597X
KW  - Pacific Ocean I.
KW  - coastal zone
KW  - coastal zones
KW  - environmental effects
KW  - international cooperation
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - IS, South Pacific
KW  - climatic changes
KW  - coastal waters
KW  - sea level
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
KW  - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection
KW  - SW 0810:General
KW  - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes
KW  - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16971074?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Policy&rft.atitle=Global+climatic+change.+Impact+on+coastal+environments+of+the+South+Pacific&rft.au=Tabai%2C+I&rft.aulast=Tabai&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Policy&rft.issn=0308597X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal zone; coastal waters; sea level; international cooperation; environmental effects; climatic changes; IS, South Pacific; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Demersal cephalopods of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia
AN  - 16839930; 3559043
AB  - Demersal trawl and dredge surveys of the Gulf of Carpentaria in the early summers of 1990 and 1991 provided the first comprehensive assessment of the cephalopod fauna of this shallow, tropical basin off northern Australia. Twenty-one taxa (comprising five loliginid squids, seven cuttlefishes, seven octopuses and two dumpling squids) were recorded. In addition to hosting species distributed broadly in the Indo-West Pacific (e.g. loliginid squids Sepioteuthis lessoniana, Photololigo cf. chinensis and P. cf. edulis; cuttlefishes Sepia elliptica and Sepia pharaonis), the Gulf of Carpentaria represents the most northwesterly extent of the range of some eastern Australian species (e.g. Loliolus noctiluca and Sepia whitleyana). Squid catches were lower in the north-western gulf in 1990 and higher in shallower water during the more geographically restricted survey in 1991, whereas cuttlefish were more evenly distributed throughout the different sampling areas in both years. Broad size ranges of both sexes of the four most abundant species (P. cf. chinensis (northern form), P. cf. edulis, S. elliptica and S. pharaonis) are indicative of extended spawning seasons, and fully mature individuals of these species were evident throughout the gulf. Cephalopods are a minor component in reported domestic fisheries catches from the Gulf of Carpentaria, where penaeid prawns are targeted. High (though seasonal) squid catch rates were reported annually by Taiwanese trawlers targeting butterfish and squid from certain areas prior to 1979. With the observed population structure of the abundant cephalopod species and relatively high catch rates in some localities during these recent surveys, it is suggested that the cephalopod resources of the Gulf of Carpentaria could support increased commercial fisheries exploitation.
JF  - Australian journal of marine and freshwater research. Melbourne
AU  - Dunning, M
AU  - McKinnon, S
AU  - Lu, C C
AU  - Yeatman, J
AU  - Cameron, D
AD  - Fish. Div., Queensland Dep. Primary Indus., GPO Box 46, Brisbane, Qld. 4001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 351
EP  - 374
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
SN  - 0067-1940, 0067-1940
KW  - Australia, Carpentaria Gulf
KW  - biological surveys
KW  - cephalopod fisheries
KW  - cephalopoda
KW  - cephalopods
KW  - community composition
KW  - demersal fisheries
KW  - quantitative distribution
KW  - shrimp
KW  - stock assessment
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - fisheries
KW  - ISEW, Australia, Carpentaria Gulf
KW  - species diversity
KW  - D 04658:Molluscs
KW  - Q1 08262:Geographical distribution
KW  - Q1 08602:Surveying and prospecting
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
KW  - SW 0890:Estuaries
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16839930?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.atitle=Demersal+cephalopods+of+the+Gulf+of+Carpentaria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Dunning%2C+M%3BMcKinnon%2C+S%3BLu%2C+C+C%3BYeatman%2C+J%3BCameron%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.issn=00671940&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; fisheries; quantitative distribution; demersal fisheries; cephalopod fisheries; stock assessment; biological surveys; species diversity; shrimp; cephalopoda; ISEW, Australia, Carpentaria Gulf; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Observations on the size-structure of macrofaunal assemblages
AN  - 16805688; 3550947
AB  - When data from a number of macroalgal, seagrass and unvegetated sites were analysed, log abundance of macrofauna in different sieve size-classes was found to show a consistently linear negative relationship with log sieve size. The log abundance/log sieve-size regression coefficient, referred to as the size-dominance index G, has consequently been used as a simple index of the size-structure of macrofaunal communities. Size-dominance varied consistently between infaunal and epifaunal communities, and between communities inhabiting different macroalgal habitats. Size-dominance was lowest in detached macrophyte and filamentous algal habitats, and highest in infaunal habitats. This spatial variation in size-dominance, and also observed temporal variation, was attributed partly to variation in the level of food resources and to variation in epibenthic (i.e. fish and decapod) predation. Alternative hypotheses proposed by Thiel (1975) and Warwick et al. (1987) dealing with the size-distributions of benthic communities did not fully predict observed patterns. Predictions are made here that whenever G > -2.1, then animals are exploitatively competing for limited food resources with epibenthic predation being of little importance. Production remains constant in different log size-classes when G = -2.1, hence the plot of estimated production versus log body-size is considered a useful way to depict faunal size-distributions.
JF  - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
AU  - Edgar, G J
AD  - Zool. Dep., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 227
EP  - 243
VL  - 176
IS  - 2
SN  - 0022-0981, 0022-0981
KW  - marine ecosystems
KW  - microhabitats
KW  - size structure
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - food availability
KW  - Marine
KW  - predation
KW  - body size
KW  - size distribution
KW  - Invertebrata
KW  - zoobenthos
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Q1 08462:Benthos
KW  - D 04330:Marine
KW  - D 04655:Invertebrates - general
KW  - Q1 08422:Environmental effects
KW  - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16805688?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Observations+on+the+size-structure+of+macrofaunal+assemblages&rft.au=Edgar%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Edgar&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - food availability; size distribution; predation; body size; zoobenthos; microhabitats; marine ecosystems; Invertebrata; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of river hydrology on the dynamics and water quality of the upper Derwent Estuary, Tasmania
AN  - 16779045; 3539767
AB  - Water quality parameters and current velocities were measured in depth profiles at a series of sampling stations throughout the upper estuary of the Derwent River, Tasmania, during 1988-89. The estuary was severely degraded, with low dissolved oxygen and high sulfide concentrations in benthic saline waters for seven months of the year. A simple two-layer one-dimensional box model was constructed to examine the relationships between water quality, estuarine mixing and river flows. Flow events critical to the dynamics of water quality in the upper estuary are described. An initial analysis of the impact of changes to the flow regime of the Derwent River on the Derwent Estuary indicates that hydroelectric storage operations have led to a decrease in the frequency of flows required to flush the estuary, superimposed on climate-induced changes. Recommendations are made for possible flushing flows necessary to improve estuarine water quality.
JF  - Australian journal of marine and freshwater research. Melbourne
AU  - Davies, P E
AU  - Kalish
AD  - Dep. Zool., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 109
EP  - 130
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
SN  - 0067-1940, 0067-1940
KW  - Australia, Tasmania, Derwent Estuary
KW  - current velocity
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - estuarine dynamics
KW  - flushing
KW  - hydroelectric power plants
KW  - impoundments
KW  - man-induced effects
KW  - mixing
KW  - model studies
KW  - stream flow
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - water quality
KW  - PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Derwent Estuary
KW  - estuaries
KW  - hydrology
KW  - Brackish
KW  - rivers
KW  - stratification
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 0890:Estuaries
KW  - Q2 09170:Nearshore dynamics
KW  - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779045?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.atitle=Influence+of+river+hydrology+on+the+dynamics+and+water+quality+of+the+upper+Derwent+Estuary%2C+Tasmania&rft.au=Davies%2C+P+E%3BKalish&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.issn=00671940&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; water quality; environmental impact; rivers; man-induced effects; hydroelectric power plants; estuaries; flushing; stratification; impoundments; stream flow; estuarine dynamics; current velocity; model studies; mixing; PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Derwent Estuary; Brackish
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Species of the diatom genus Pseudonitzschia in Australian waters
AN  - 16772511; 3735236
AB  - An Australia-wide taxonomic survey for species of the potentially toxic diatom genus Pseudonitzschia Peragallo (causative organisms of amnesic shellfish poisoning) was carried out using both light and transmission electron microscopy. Samples studied derived from the Gulf of Carpentaria, North West Shelf, Coral Sea, East Australian Current, Tasmanian, Victorian and Western Australian coastal waters. The dominant bloom-forming Pseudonitzschia species in Australian coastal waters were P. fraudulenta (New South Wales), P. pungens f. pungens and P. pseudodelicatissima (Tasmanian and Victorian waters). Other representatives of this diatom genus in Australian waters include P. americana, P. lineola, P. subpacifica and P. turgidula, but these were usually only present in low concentrations. While populations of P. pseudodelicatissima from the Bay of Fundy (Canada) can be weakly toxic, wild and cultured diatom populations of this species from Tasmanian and Victorian coastal waters were consistently non-toxic. The major toxic Pseudonitzschia species of concern in Canadian waters, P. pungens f. multiseries was detected as a minor component (5% of total biomass) of a dense P. pungens f. pungens bloom in a New South Wales estuary. Pseudonitzschia australis, a toxic species in Californian waters, was never detected in Australian waters. Surveys to identify bloom-forming Pseudonitzschia species in Australian waters, and monitoring of these species for toxicity, will continue.
JF  - Botanica Marina
AU  - Hallegraeff, G M
AD  - Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252 C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 397
EP  - 411
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
SN  - 0006-8055, 0006-8055
KW  - Pseudonitzschia
KW  - biological poisons
KW  - biological surveys
KW  - toxins
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - phytoplankton
KW  - Australia Coasts
KW  - algal blooms
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - K 03039:Algae
KW  - Q1 08222:Geographical distribution
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16772511?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Botanica+Marina&rft.atitle=Species+of+the+diatom+genus+Pseudonitzschia+in+Australian+waters&rft.au=Hallegraeff%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Hallegraeff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=397&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Botanica+Marina&rft.issn=00068055&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phytoplankton; biological poisons; biological surveys; algal blooms; toxins; Australia Coasts; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A model for the light-limited growth of buoyant phytoplankton in a shallow, turbid waterbody
AN  - 16768382; 3729690
JF  - Australian journal of marine and freshwater research. Melbourne
AU  - Sherman, B E
AU  - Webster, I T
AD  - CSIRO Cent. Environ. Mech., GPO Box 821, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 847
EP  - 862
VL  - 45
IS  - 5
SN  - 0067-1940, 0067-1940
KW  - Australia, Murray R., Rushy Billabong
KW  - algal growth
KW  - light
KW  - light effects
KW  - models
KW  - shallow water
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - phytoplankton
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - buoyancy
KW  - turbidity
KW  - growth
KW  - light penetration
KW  - K 03009:Algae
KW  - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics
KW  - SW 0850:Lakes
KW  - Q1 08424:Age and growth
KW  - Q1 08422:Environmental effects
KW  - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16768382?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.atitle=A+model+for+the+light-limited+growth+of+buoyant+phytoplankton+in+a+shallow%2C+turbid+waterbody&rft.au=Sherman%2C+B+E%3BWebster%2C+I+T&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.issn=00671940&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Special issue: Cyanobacterial research in Australia.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; light effects; shallow water; photosynthesis; phytoplankton; turbidity; light; light penetration; buoyancy; growth; algal growth; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identifying priorities for marine protected areas in the insular Pacific
AN  - 16706045; 3702350
AB  - The World Conservation Union (IUCN) Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas (CNPPA) and the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) have been carrying out a co-operative programme to promote the establishment of a system of marine protected areas (MPAs) that is consistent with the social, economic and cultural characteristics of the region. A total of 67 MPAs have been identified in the region. However, an assessment of these shows that they do not adequately represent marine biodiversity in the region and that their overall management levels is low. Despite this, it is considered that MPAs have a significant role to play in protecting key sites and raising consciousness of the need for and benefits of marine conservation. The effectiveness with which they may address this role depends on two human factors. The first is community involvement in, or at least acceptance of, their establishment and management. The second is implementation of effective measures to manage factors outside the Marine Protected Areas.
JF  - Marine Pollution Bulletin
AU  - Kenchington, R
AU  - Bleakley, C
AD  - Great Barrier Reef Mar. Park Auth., GPO Box 791, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 3
EP  - 9
VL  - 29
IS  - 1-3
SN  - 0025-326X, 0025-326X
KW  - Pacific Ocean
KW  - biological diversity
KW  - coral reefs
KW  - ecosystem management
KW  - islands
KW  - marine parks
KW  - natural resources
KW  - nature conservation
KW  - nature reserves
KW  - protected resources
KW  - reefs
KW  - refuges
KW  - resource management
KW  - resources management
KW  - sanctuaries
KW  - wildlife conservation
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - IS, South Pacific
KW  - species diversity
KW  - Marine
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
KW  - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection
KW  - D 04330:Marine
KW  - SW 4020:Evaluation process
KW  - D 04705:Conservation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706045?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Identifying+priorities+for+marine+protected+areas+in+the+insular+Pacific&rft.au=Kenchington%2C+R%3BBleakley%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kenchington&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Special issue: The Pacific reefs: A paradise lost?
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; marine parks; sanctuaries; natural resources; ecosystem management; reefs; protected resources; islands; refuges; resource management; species diversity; coral reefs; nature reserves; wildlife conservation; biological diversity; resources management; Pacific Ocean; IS, South Pacific; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Stock assessment of the kingklip Genypterus capensis off South Africa
AN  - 16680853; 3686595
AB  - Relative abundance indices constructed from the catch rates of kingklip Genypterus capensis in the longline (kingklip-directed) and trawl (hake-directed) fisheries, together with biomass survey estimates of relative abundance, are used to assess the kingklip resource off South Africa. Assessments are based on two stock-identity hypotheses and have been conducted separately for the South and West coasts as well for the two areas combined. Whichever of these stock-identity hypotheses is selected, the spawner stock size is estimated to be below the harvesting target of 50% of its estimated unexploited size. Assessments conducted for each coast suggest that the West Coast stocks stock is more depleted than that of the South Coast. The results of the analyses are relatively insensitive to a number of variations of the assumptions. The assessments show that the kingklip stock was in all likelihood already depleted below 50% of its pristine level on the West Coast as a result of trawling before the start of the demersal longline fishery. Retrospective analysis indicates that the poor status of the resource would have been evident by 1985 for a West Coast stock, but only by the end of the decade for a South Coast stock.
JF  - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap
AU  - Punt, A E
AU  - Japp, D W
AD  - Div. Fish., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 133
EP  - 149
VL  - 14
SN  - 0257-7615, 0257-7615
KW  - fishery resources
KW  - marine fish
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - PSW, South Africa
KW  - Genypterus capensis
KW  - stock assessment
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=Stock+assessment+of+the+kingklip+Genypterus+capensis+off+South+Africa&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BJapp%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - stock assessment; fishery resources; marine fish; Genypterus capensis; PSW, South Africa; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessments of the stocks of Cape hakes Merluccius spp. off South Africa
AN  - 16679222; 3686593
AB  - A production model and an hoc tuned VPA are applied to the Cape hake resource off South Africa. The production model is based on an observation error estimator and is applied to survey biomass estimates and catch rates (cpue). The ad hoc tuned VPA is based on the Laurec-Shepherd tuning algorithm. "Base case" applications of the two approaches provide different appraisals of the status and productivity of the resource. The ADAPT method and an age-structured production model respectively provide results similar to those of the ad hoc tuned VPA and the production model. Whereas results from both production models are insensitive to a wide variety of assumptions, those from the ad hoc tuned VPA and ADAPT are very sensitive to the value of the instantaneous rate of natural mortality. Discrepancies between the various sets of results are shown to be a consequence of a conflict between the catch-at-age information and the cpue and biomass data. They are not primarily a result of differences in the estimation methods. Suggestions are made for research which may help resolve this conflict.
JF  - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap
AU  - Punt, A E
AD  - Div. Fish., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 159
EP  - 186
VL  - 14
SN  - 0257-7615, 0257-7615
KW  - biological production
KW  - catch/effort
KW  - fishery resources
KW  - marine fish
KW  - modelling
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - PSW, South Africa
KW  - Merluccius
KW  - stock assessment
KW  - population dynamics
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=Assessments+of+the+stocks+of+Cape+hakes+Merluccius+spp.+off+South+Africa&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological production; modelling; catch/effort; stock assessment; fishery resources; population dynamics; marine fish; Merluccius; PSW, South Africa; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Humoral Immunosuppression in Men Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Carcinogens in Polluted Environments
AN  - 14350829; 10483905
AB  - Serum immunoglobulins were examined in 199 coke-oven workers and 75 cold-rolling mill workers at an iron foundry in Cracow, Poland, to investigate possible immumosuppression due to exposure to PAHs. In the plant, coke-oven workers are exposed to high concentrations of atmospheric PAHs. In the cold-rolling mill environment, PAH concentrations are 35 orders of magnitude lower. The immunoglobulins examined were IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE. Results indicated that coke-oven workers had significantly depressed levels of IgG compared to the cold-rolling mill workers. A similar difference in serum IgA levels was observed, but no such difference was seen for IgM or IgE.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Szczeklik, Andrzej
AU  - Szczeklik, Jerzy
AU  - Galuszka, Zdzislaw
AU  - Musial, Jacek
AU  - Kolarzyk, Emilia
AU  - Targosz, Dorota
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 302
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
KW  - BLOOD ANALYSIS
KW  - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR
KW  - POLAND
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Humoral+Immunosuppression+in+Men+Exposed+to+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+and+Related+Carcinogens+in+Polluted+Environments&rft.au=Szczeklik%2C+Andrzej%3BSzczeklik%2C+Jerzy%3BGaluszka%2C+Zdzislaw%3BMusial%2C+Jacek%3BKolarzyk%2C+Emilia%3BTargosz%2C+Dorota&rft.aulast=Szczeklik&rft.aufirst=Andrzej&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BLOOD ANALYSIS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; POLAND
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls as Hormonally Active Structural Analogues
AN  - 14337427; 10483903
AB  - The chemical structure of PCBs, which are mixtures of chlorinated aromatic chemicals manufactured by chlorination of biphenyls, is represented by the number of chlorine atoms replacing hydrogen atoms in each ring. The toxic effects of PCBs involve three types of basic mechanisms of action: reversible interaction of the PCB with specific molecular sites of action; irreversible covalent interaction between the PCB and target molecules; and accumulation of highly lipid-soluble, metabolically stable PCBs in lipid-rich tissues. Structureactivity relationships are used to discuss the underlying mechanisms of PCB toxicity: stacking interactions and coplanarity of structure, cleft-type interactions and lateral Cl substitution, and areas of high electron density and oxidative metabolism. The development of descriptive models for each mechanism is described and related to their interactions with thyroid hormones, retinoids, and estradiol.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McKinney, James D
AU  - Waller, Chris L
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 290
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - TOXIC SUBSTANCES
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14337427?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+as+Hormonally+Active+Structural+Analogues&rft.au=McKinney%2C+James+D%3BWaller%2C+Chris+L&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; TOXIC SUBSTANCES; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION; HORMONES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of Reliability Models to Studies of Biomarker Validation
AN  - 14334912; 10483906
AB  - When using biomarkers in epidemiologic studies, the sources of variability in biomarker response must be addressed. A model of biomarker validation is presented and applied to several biomarkers of exposure to carcinogenic metals. The markers are DNAprotein cross-link, DNAamino acid cross-link, metallothionein gene expression, and autoantibodies to oxidized DNA bases. For each biomarker, data collected from validation studies carried out on blood samples from healthy volunteers are subjected to analysis of variance methods. Each assay is described. The method can be used to detect the amount of variability of the biomarker present in healthy subjects so that the expected variability in a field study can be established in exposed populations and controls.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Taioli, Emanuela
AU  - Kinney, Patrick
AU  - Zhitkovich, Anatoly
AU  - Fulton, Helen
AU  - Voitkun, Victoria
AU  - Cosma, Greg
AU  - Frenkel, Krystyna
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 306
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - RELIABILITY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14334912?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Application+of+Reliability+Models+to+Studies+of+Biomarker+Validation&rft.au=Taioli%2C+Emanuela%3BKinney%2C+Patrick%3BZhitkovich%2C+Anatoly%3BFulton%2C+Helen%3BVoitkun%2C+Victoria%3BCosma%2C+Greg%3BFrenkel%2C+Krystyna&rft.aulast=Taioli&rft.aufirst=Emanuela&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; RELIABILITY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - UV-B Exposure Impairs Resistance to Infection by Trichinella spiralis
AN  - 14334868; 10483904
AB  - Research has shown that exposure to UV-B radiation can suppress the immunological resistance to both skin and non-skin infections. The exposure of male rats to Trichinella spiralis, a parasite found in raw meat, was used to investigate the immunosuppressive effects of UV-B radiation. The rats were orally dosed with 1000 T. spiralis larvae in 0.5 ml phosphate-buffered saline, and on days 0, 14, 28, and 42, blood was analyzed for Trichinella-specific antibodies. Carcasses were also examined to assess larval numbers. During the study period, the rats were exposed to suberythemal doses of UV-B radiation daily. Compared to unradiated controls, the UV-B-exposed rats exhibited a significant increase in the number of T. spiralis larvae within 6-10 d after infection. The timing of the UV-B exposure determined the severity of the inhibition of the resistance to the parasite.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Goettsch, Wim
AU  - Garssen, Johan
AU  - Deijns, Anton
AU  - de Gruijl, Frank R
AU  - van Loveren, Henk
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 298
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
KW  - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION
KW  - BIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14334868?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=UV-B+Exposure+Impairs+Resistance+to+Infection+by+Trichinella+spiralis&rft.au=Goettsch%2C+Wim%3BGarssen%2C+Johan%3BDeijns%2C+Anton%3Bde+Gruijl%2C+Frank+R%3Bvan+Loveren%2C+Henk&rft.aulast=Goettsch&rft.aufirst=Wim&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; BIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Health Knowledge and Practice Survey Among Secondary Schoolchildren in Zaria, Nigeria
AN  - 14330305; 10483907
AB  - Results are presented from a study carried out in a secondary school in Zaria, Nigeria, to assess the knowledge of environmental hygiene of a sample of schoolchildren. The available sanitation facilities in the school and in the homes of a subsample were also examined. A total of 192 students were surveyed by questionnaire. Survey results indicated that the students had good knowledge about the subject, but students with literate fathers scored slightly higher than those with illiterate fathers. In the subsample of 64 students, survey results revealed that, while sanitation knowledge was high, there was a lack of opportunity to practice what they knew either at home or at school. The school and the majority of the households practiced open dumping of refuse. The inadequate sanitation facilities undermined the goal of the knowledge instilled in the students.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ebong, R D
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 310
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SANITATION
KW  - NIGERIA
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - EDUCATION, SECONDARY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14330305?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Health+Knowledge+and+Practice+Survey+Among+Secondary+Schoolchildren+in+Zaria%2C+Nigeria&rft.au=Ebong%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Ebong&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 8 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SANITATION; NIGERIA; PUBLIC HEALTH; EDUCATION, SECONDARY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Risk Assessment, the Environment, and Public Health
AN  - 14330276; 10483902
AB  - The origins and evolution of risk assessment in the promulgation of regulatory policies are described as a preamble to a discussion of the limits of risk assessment and the methodological issues that need to be addressed for risk assessment to realize its full potential in the field of public health. Ultimately, risk assessment should be seen as a framework within which all available information and knowledge pertaining to the risk at hand can be organized in a highly systematic way. The four steps of the risk-assessment framework-hazard identification, doseresponse assessment, human exposure, and risk characterization-are described to show how they can be more widely and accurately applied to five broad categories of environmental agents: natural and synthetic chemicals, radiation, physical objects, pathogenic organisms, and substances used as nutrients.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rodricks, Joseph V
Y1  - 1994/03//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Mar 1994
SP  - 258
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14330276?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Risk+Assessment%2C+the+Environment%2C+and+Public+Health&rft.au=Rodricks%2C+Joseph+V&rft.aulast=Rodricks&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; PUBLIC HEALTH; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION CONTROL
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Violence in Schools: An Overview. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62807484; ED369159
AB  - The sixth National Education Goal is to make every school in America free of drugs and violence and offer a disciplined environment for learning. Crime, violence, and discipline problems in public schools are increasing public concerns. Although it is difficult to assess the extent of these problems in public schools, reports suggest the situation is worsening. A National School Boards Association survey found that 82 percent of responding school districts said violence had increased at their schools over the past 5 years. A small percentage of uppergrade students regularly carry a weapon to school. Many teachers also reported having been physically attacked, threatened with injury, or verbally abused by students in school. Over the past several decades, Congress has responded to increasing concerns over school safety and youth violence. In the 1970s, Congress held numerous hearings and commissioned studies on the issues. In the 1980s, Congress was concerned over the drug use and classroom discipline issues, and continued to be concerned over these issues into the 1990s. The 102d and 103d Congresses have enacted a number of bills that support education and work to reduce violence, promote safety, and help schools achieve the sixth National Education Goal. (JPT)
AU  - White, Liane E.
Y1  - 1994/02/18/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Feb 18
SP  - 12
VL  - CRS-94-141-EPW
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - School Security
KW  - Government Publications
KW  - Discipline
KW  - Violence
KW  - Drug Abuse
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807484?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Improving America's Schools Act of 1994. Report on H.R. 6 Together with Minority, Supplemental, and Additional Views Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, 103rd Congress, 2d session.
AN  - 62811293; ED369147
AB  - The U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Education and Labor reported on the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994, which would extend for 6 years the programs under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. This report suggests that legislation with amendments and recommends that the bill be passed. The Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 not only continues federal funding of approximately $10 billion to programs, but also reshapes these programs to better serve states and local school districts. In 1993, Congress passed the Goals 2000, Educate America Act, which establishes a new framework for providing federal assistance. It helps states set new standards for education and eases regulation to allow schools to meet their goals. The Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 refashions federal programs to follow up on Goals 2000 and help states achieve the same objectives. Current federal programs cause some children to be pulled out of regular classes, thus stigmatizing them and disrupting lessons. These children are also often expected to learn less because they are thought of as educationally disadvantaged. This act will amend those problems by requiring that all children meet higher standards. It also moves federal aid to schools rather than to individual children so schools can have more freedom and accountability in addressing problems. Minority, supplemental, and additional views are included. (JPT)
Y1  - 1994/02/16/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Feb 16
SP  - 737
PB  - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Federal State Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62811293?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Education of the Gifted and Talented Reauthorization Fact Sheet.
AN  - 62817764; ED371526
AB  - This fact sheet summarizes issues involved in the reauthorization of the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act of 1988, Title IV-B, Elementary and Secondary Education Act. This Act provides grants for research and demonstration projects and training activities to meet the needs of gifted and talented students. The Javits program has served over 2 million gifted and talented students through 75 discretionary projects and also funds the National Center for Research and Development in the Education of Gifted and Talented Children and Youth. A Federal government report is cited indicating that only two cents of every $100 spent on K-12 education in 1990 supported special opportunities for gifted students, and recommending that the definition of "gifted" be broadened and that effective programs be expanded into regular school programs. Specific reauthorization issues addressed include: whether to focus on equal education or on excellence for the few; reauthorization of the National Center for Gifted Research; and continuation of discretionary grants for model projects serving only gifted and talented students. Specific appropriation figures for fiscal years 1989 through 1995 (proposed) are listed. (DB)
AU  - Boren, Susan
Y1  - 1994/02/14/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Feb 14
SP  - 3
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act Title IV B
KW  - National Center for Res Dev Gifted Talented Child
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Mainstreaming
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Instructional Student Costs
KW  - Expenditures
KW  - Demonstration Programs
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Definitions
KW  - Gifted
KW  - Talent
KW  - Special Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62817764?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Administration Proposal for Head Start Reauthorization. Joint Hearing on Examining Head Start and the Administration's Plans for Expanding and Improving It, before the Subcommittee on Children, Family, Drugs, and Alcoholism of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate and the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62693473; ED373891
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the Clinton Administration's plans to expand and improve Project Head Start. Testimony was heard from Senators Christopher J. Dodd, Dan Coats, Nancy Landon Kassebaum, Strom Thurmond, James M. Jeffords, and Harris Wofford, as well as Representatives Matthew G. Martinez and Susan Molinari, and Mary Jo Bane, Assistant Secretary for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Testimony was also offered by Sandra Kessler Hamburg, director of education studies for the Committee for Economic Development, Valora Washington of the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, a Head Start program director, two Head Start parents, and a graduate of a Head Start program. An appendix includes prepared statements delivered by Assistant Secretary Bane, Ms. Hamburg, the Head Start program director, parents, and the Head Start graduate. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/02/10/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Feb 10
SP  - 75
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160443482
KW  - Clinton Administration
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Parent Attitudes
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62693473?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Education and Labor Serial No. 103-51.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Gang Problem in America: Formulating an Effective Federal Response. Hearing To Examine How the Federal Government Can Establish Effective Programs To Deter Youth Violence in America before the Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62630644; ED387572
AB  - The Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary convened to discuss the federal role in combating juvenile participation in gangs. A proposed amendment to the crime bill being developed, described at the hearing by Senator Orrin G. Hatch (Utah), makes it a federal offense to engage in gang-related crime and subjects gang members to tough mandatory minimum penalties, while providing funding for additional federal prosecutors to make implementation of the measure a reality. Senator Christopher J. Dodd (Connecticut) spoke in support of the "ounce of prevention" amendment to the crime bill he and other senators have sponsored that would make resources available to community agencies that are already working with young people to reduce gang problems. Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell (Colorado) expressed some personal insights on gang issues and suggested tax benefits for corporations involved in juvenile rehabilitation efforts. A panel of law enforcement officials and an educational administrator spoke about the roles of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the local police, and school systems in combating gang violence. A second panel of youth agency leaders, a police administrator, and a college professor reviewed the gang situation and provided examples of successful initiatives. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994/02/09/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Feb 09
SP  - 92
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Crime
KW  - Law Enforcement
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Delinquency
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Youth Clubs
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Participation
KW  - Juvenile Gangs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Police
KW  - Peer Groups
KW  - Juvenile Justice
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62630644?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. J-103-40.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Honor Systems and Sexual Harassment at the Service Academies. Hearing before the Committee on Armed Services. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62704996; ED378096
AB  - The U.S. Senate held a hearing to address two issues facing the nation's armed service academies--honor systems and sexual harassment. This was the first of several oversight hearings to be held regarding the service academies. Two events prompted the Senate to hold these hearings: (1) a cheating scandal at the U.S. Naval Academy that began in 1992; and (2) the publication of a U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) report in 1994 entitled "DOD Service Academies: More Action Needed to Eliminate Sexual Harassment." The Hearing consisted of the presentations of three panels to the Subcommittee on Force Requirements and Personnel. The first panel, consisting of U.S. Ambassador Richard Armitage and Vice Admiral David M. Bennett, discussed the cheating scandal at the U.S. Naval Academy. The second panel, made up of GAO personnel, summarized the findings of their 1994 report on sexual harassment. The superintendents of the three service academies comprised the final panel. They discussed honor systems and sexual harassment at their institutions and the steps the academies had made to address these issues. The hearing document includes the presentations of all three panels as well as text from the GAO report and the "Report of the Honor Review Committee to the Secretary of the Navy On Honor at the United States Naval Academy." (CK)
Y1  - 1994/02/03/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Feb 03
SP  - 260
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160443946
KW  - Air Force Academy CO
KW  - Military Academy (West Point) NY
KW  - Naval Academy MD
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Military Training
KW  - Cheating
KW  - Sex Bias
KW  - Military Schools
KW  - Codes of Ethics
KW  - Military Personnel
KW  - Sexual Harassment
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Females
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62704996?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Some pages contain very small print.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Technical Report of the NAEP 1992 Trial State Assessment Program in Reading.
AN  - 62808997; ED367946
AB  - Documenting the design and data analysis procedures behind the 1992 Trial State Assessment in reading, this book also provides insight into the rationale behind the technical decisions made about the program. Chapters in the book are: (1) "Overview: The Design, Implementation, and Analysis of the 1992 Trial State Assessment Program in Reading" (John Mazzeo and others); (2) "Developing the Objectives, Cognitive Items, Background Questions, and Assessment Instruments" (Jay R. Campbell and Mary R. Foertsch); (3) "Sample Design and Selection" (Leyla K. Mohadjer and others); (4) "State and School Cooperation and Field Administration" (Nancy Caldwell); (5) "Processing and Scoring Assessment Materials" (Dianne Smrdel and others); (6) "Creation of the Database and Evaluation of the Quality Control of Data Entry" (John J. Ferris and David S. Freund); (7) "Weighting Procedures and Variance Estimation" (Adam Chu and Keith F. Rust); (8) "Theoretical Background and Philosophy of NAEP Scaling Procedures" (Eugene G. Johnson and others); (9) "Data Analysis and Scaling for the 1992 Trial State Assessment in Reading" (Nancy L. Allen and others); and (10) "Conventions Used in Reporting the Results of the 1992 Trial State Assessment in Reading" (John Mazzeo). One hundred nine references, a list of participants in the objectives and item development process; a summary of participation rates; conditioning variables and contrast codings; item response theory parameters for reading items; a description of reporting subgroups; and descriptions of the achievement level setting process and the anchoring process are attached. (RS)
AU  - Johnson, Eugene G.
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - February 1994
SP  - 330
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (ISBN-0-16-043109-3).
VL  - NAEP-23-ST10; NCES-94-472
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - Trial State Assessments (NAEP)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Reading Achievement
KW  - Program Design
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Reading Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808997?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Arts Education Research Agenda for the Future.
AN  - 62807772; ED367587
AB  - This document presents the arts education research agenda that emerged from a national conference on arts education. The conference was attended by key researchers in each of the arts education disciplines, arts educators, artists and artist teachers, representatives of arts institutions and organizations, and persons from groups and organizations that influence the priorities, development, and conduct of research efforts. The goals of the agenda are: (1) to focus the attention of arts educators, researchers, and the broader community on basic issues in arts education that can improve teaching and learning in the arts; (2) to identify what arts educators view as priorities, given limited resources; (3) to provide a conceptual framework and overall philosophy for inquiry in the field of arts education, as other disciplines are doing with their respective research agendas; and (4) to connect theory and practice, and to make research an agent of improvement in teaching and learning. The agenda was developed to articulate the many unanswered questions in three main areas of arts education: (1) curriculum and instruction; (2) assessment and evaluation; and (3) teacher education and preparation. The document consists of five parts plus notes, a bibliography, and an appendix of conference participants. The first section is an introduction of this field generated document, discussing trends in U.S. education that influence arts education. The second chapter on curriculum and instruction discusses what should be taught and how. The third chapter is on assessment, and the fourth on teacher education and preparation. The last chapter is on continued collaboration. (DK)
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - February 1994
SP  - 52
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - OR-94-3402
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Curriculum Research
KW  - Visual Arts
KW  - Dance
KW  - Theater Arts
KW  - Teacher Education
KW  - Music
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Research Design
KW  - Teaching Methods
KW  - Art Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807772?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bioavailability of Inorganic Arsenic from Bog Ore-Containing Soil in the Dog
AN  - 14349282; 10482636
AB  - Some bog ore-containing soils in the Netherlands host natural arsenic levels that exceed existing standards for maximum allowable levels if inorganic As in soil by a factor of 10. The bioavailability of inorganic As from soil was studied in dogs as a suitable animal model. The animals received As orally as an intravenous solution and as tained soil. About 88% of the intravenous dose was excreted renally within 120 h after administration, while only 7% was excreted renally after oral dosing with As-laden soil. The data suggest the need to reevaluate the current risk assessment for As in soil.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Groen, Kees
AU  - Vaessen, Huub AMG
AU  - Kliest, Jan JG
AU  - de Boer, Jan LM
AU  - van Ooik, Ton
AU  - Timmerman, Arie
AU  - Vlug, Ron F
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Feb 1994
SP  - 182
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - METAL CONTAMINATION
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL
KW  - SOIL CONTAMINATION
KW  - ARSENIC
KW  - DOMESTIC ANIMALS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14349282?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bioavailability+of+Inorganic+Arsenic+from+Bog+Ore-Containing+Soil+in+the+Dog&rft.au=Groen%2C+Kees%3BVaessen%2C+Huub+AMG%3BKliest%2C+Jan+JG%3Bde+Boer%2C+Jan+LM%3Bvan+Ooik%2C+Ton%3BTimmerman%2C+Arie%3BVlug%2C+Ron+F&rft.aulast=Groen&rft.aufirst=Kees&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; METAL CONTAMINATION; SOIL CONTAMINATION; DOMESTIC ANIMALS; ARSENIC
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Formate in Serum and Urine After Controlled Methanol Exposure at the Threshold Limit Value
AN  - 14347155; 10482635
AB  - Formate, the major metabolite responsible for methanol toxicity, was tested as a biomarker of methanol exposure or toxicity. Endogenous serum formate and urinary formic acid excretion was studied in 26 subjects exposted at rest to 200 ppm methanol vapors for 4 h. No marked differences in serum formate levels were distinguished between exposure and control tests. A slight but not substantial increase in urine formate excretion rate was detected at 4 h. Serum and urine formate determinations were not judged sensitive biomarkers of methanol exposure at the TLV.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - D'Alessandro, Alessandra
AU  - Osterloh, John D
AU  - Chuwers, Patricia
AU  - Quinlan, Patricia J
AU  - Kelly, Thomas J
AU  - Becker, Charles E
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Feb 1994
SP  - 178
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOLOGY, HUMANLABORATORY
KW  - THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347155?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Formate+in+Serum+and+Urine+After+Controlled+Methanol+Exposure+at+the+Threshold+Limit+Value&rft.au=D%27Alessandro%2C+Alessandra%3BOsterloh%2C+John+D%3BChuwers%2C+Patricia%3BQuinlan%2C+Patricia+J%3BKelly%2C+Thomas+J%3BBecker%2C+Charles+E&rft.aulast=D%27Alessandro&rft.aufirst=Alessandra&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGY, HUMANLABORATORY; THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES; METHANOL; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Total Suspended Particulate Matter and Daily Mortality in Cincinnati, Ohio
AN  - 14345480; 10482637
AB  - The strength of the reported association between particulate air pollution and daily mortality was tested with data for Cincinnati, OH. Graphical diagnostic techniques were used to assure adequate control for season and weather and to confirm that risk is pronounced for the elderly and for deaths from cardiovascular disease and pneumonia. Total suspended particulate was associated with an increased risk of mortality for the 1977-82 period studied. Similar findings from other cities suggest that this relationship should be considered causal.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schwartz, Joel
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Feb 1994
SP  - 186
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - OHIO
KW  - URBAN ATMOSPHERE
KW  - PARTICULATES
KW  - AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE
KW  - MORTALITY PATTERNS
KW  - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14345480?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Total+Suspended+Particulate+Matter+and+Daily+Mortality+in+Cincinnati%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+Joel&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - OHIO; AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE; MORTALITY PATTERNS; PARTICULATES; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Problems Behind the Great Wall
AN  - 14345443; 10482634
AB  - Diverse environmental problems due to resource overuse, rapid industrialization, and overpopulation have surfaced in China. The most serious environmental health problem is air pollution. Respiratory disease is a leading cause of death in the nation, and largely attributable to elevated atmospheric levels of sulfur dioxide and particulates emitted from coal combustion. These pollutants are also found in elevated concentrations in the indoor environment. Many drinking water supplies are contaminated by fluoride and arsenic. The burgeoning environmental movement in China seeks to address these widespread problems and currently relies on international monetary assistance.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hricko, Andrea
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Feb 1994
SP  - 154
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
KW  - COAL COMBUSTION
KW  - ENV MANAGEMENT, NON US
KW  - AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE
KW  - WATER POLLUTION DAMAGE
KW  - WATER, DRINKING
KW  - ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14345443?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Problems+Behind+the+Great+Wall&rft.au=Hricko%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hricko&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 8 |t photos
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV MANAGEMENT, NON US; AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE; WATER POLLUTION DAMAGE; CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC; WATER, DRINKING; COAL COMBUSTION; ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Relationships Between Toxicopathic Hepatic Lesions and Exposure to Chemical Contaminants in English Sole (Pleuronectes vetulus), Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus), and White Croaker (Genyonemus lineatus) from Selected Marine Sites on the Pacific Coast, USA
AN  - 14342511; 10482639
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Myers, Mark S
AU  - Stehr, Carla M
AU  - Olson, OPaul
AU  - Johnson, Lyndal L
AU  - McCain, Bruce B
AU  - Chan, S-L
AU  - Varanasi, Usha
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Feb 1994
SP  - 200
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, FISH
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, FISH
KW  - TUMORIGENIC AGENTS
KW  - SPECIES COMPARISONS
KW  - FISH, SALTWATER
KW  - HEPATOTOXICITY
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, MARINE
KW  - UNITED STATES WEST
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14342511?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Relationships+Between+Toxicopathic+Hepatic+Lesions+and+Exposure+to+Chemical+Contaminants+in+English+Sole+%28Pleuronectes+vetulus%29%2C+Starry+Flounder+%28Platichthys+stellatus%29%2C+and+White+Croaker+%28Genyonemus+lineatus%29+from+Selected+Marine+Sites+on+the+Pacific+Coast%2C+USA&rft.au=Myers%2C+Mark+S%3BStehr%2C+Carla+M%3BOlson%2C+OPaul%3BJohnson%2C+Lyndal+L%3BMcCain%2C+Bruce+B%3BChan%2C+S-L%3BVaranasi%2C+Usha&rft.aulast=Myers&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, FISH; BIOACCUMULATION, FISH; SPECIES COMPARISONS; FISH, SALTWATER; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, MARINE; HEPATOTOXICITY; UNITED STATES WEST; TUMORIGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nonhuman Primates by the Food Mutagen 2-Amino-3-Methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline
AN  - 14339891; 10482638
AB  - The carcinogenic effects of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoine (IQ), a heterocyclic aromatic amine formed during the cooking of meat and fish, were evaluated in the macaque. Monkeys received IQ by gavage five times per week at doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg. The compound induced hepatocellular carcinoma in 55% of the animals at the low doses and in 95% of the monkeys at the higher dose. Pulmonary metastases were also detected in several subjects. IQ was judged a potent carcinogen in nonhuman primates and a potential carcinogen in humans.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Adamson, Richard H
AU  - Takayama, Shozo
AU  - Sugimura, Takashi
AU  - Thorgeirsson, Unnur P
Y1  - 1994/02//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Feb 1994
SP  - 190
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - AROMATIC AMINES
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - CARCINOGEN TESTING
KW  - HEPATOTOXICITY
KW  - MONKEYS
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14339891?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Induction+of+Hepatocellular+Carcinoma+in+Nonhuman+Primates+by+the+Food+Mutagen+2-Amino-3-Methylimidazo%5B4%2C5-f%5Dquinoline&rft.au=Adamson%2C+Richard+H%3BTakayama%2C+Shozo%3BSugimura%2C+Takashi%3BThorgeirsson%2C+Unnur+P&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t photos
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AROMATIC AMINES; HEPATOTOXICITY; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; MONKEYS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; CARCINOGEN TESTING
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on the Impact of Health Care Reform on Schools. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62691446; ED375948
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the impact of proposed health care reforms on American elementary and secondary schools. The hearing focused on how the proposed Health Security Act would affect and benefit schools and how American schools can assist in realizing the objectives of the Act. Much of the testimony was presented by Clinton Administration officials and representatives of education and health organizations who support the act. Testimony was heard from: (1) U.S. Surgeon General M. Joycelyn Elders; (2) Thomas W. Payzant, assistant secretary for elementary and secondary education, U.S. Department of Education; (3) the head of the New York's United Federation of Teachers union; (4) the secretary/treasurer of the National Education Association; (5) the vice president of the National School Boards Association; (6) an associate school district superintendent; (7) the director of the Vermont Department of Maternal and Child Health; (8) the executive director of the National School Health Education Coalition; (9) the executive director of the National Association of State Boards of Education; (10) the American Heart Association; (11) the American Association of University Women; (12) a professor from George Washington University; and (13) a doctor. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/01/26/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jan 26
SP  - 152
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160445701
KW  - Clinton Administration
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Health Care Reform
KW  - Health Policy
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Health Care Costs
KW  - School Health Services
KW  - Health Needs
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Agencies
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Advocacy
KW  - School Role
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Hearings
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62691446?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-61. Document contains several pages
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Partners in Creating a 21st Century Head Start. Hearing on Detailing the Recommendations Made in the Report of the Committee on Head Start Quality and Expansion in Preparation for the 1994 Head Start Reauthorization Process, before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate. One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62810015; ED369566
AB  - This hearing examined issues concerning Project Head Start quality and expansion. Testimony was offered by: (1) Senator Edward Kennedy, who discussed the importance of strengthening Head Start; (2) Mary Jo Bane, Assistant Secretary for the Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services, who presented highlights of the final report of the Advisory Committee on Head Start Expansion and answered questions about the committee's work; (3) Ronald Herndon, president of the National Head Start Association, who spoke about his experiences as a Head Start program director; (4) Diane Hebert, a parent and committee member of a Head Start program who related how Head Start had helped her and her children; (5) Marian Wright Edelman, president of the Children's Defense Fund, who lauded the expansion of Head Start; (6) Edward Zigler, one of the founders of Head Start, who called for more focused appropriations for the program; (7) Douglas Besharov, a scholar with the American Enterprise Institute, who warned that Head Start may be less cost effective than other forms of preschool education; and (8) Lisbeth Schorr of Harvard University, who argued that children should enter Head Start at an earlier age. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/01/12/
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994 Jan 12
SP  - 63
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160440785
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Program Expansion
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Parent Participation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - School Readiness
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62810015?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains a few pages of small, broken type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - COMMONALITIES IN TOUCH, HEARING, VISION AND TASTE
AN  - 85296080; cs-265833
AB  - Though specialized to process particular kinds of stimulus energies andinformation, different sense modalities also share important principles ofinformation processing. Understanding similarities and common principles,and the underlying mechanisms, forms this project's long-range goal. Thepresent proposal brings techniques of human psychophysical measurement tobear on two topics: intensity summation and selective attention. Thecharacteristics of summation, which is found in most if not allmodalities, may not be fixed but depend on properties of stimulation: Thequantitative rules governing, for example, interaural loudness summationcan depend on the stimulus range. Using methods of intensity scaling,studies will determine whether stimulus range also modifies intensitysummation in touch perception (e.g., summation of two frequency componentsof vibratory stimuli) and chemosensation (summation of gustatory andolfactory components in 'flavors'); studies using intensity-comparisonwill seek to confirm these effects. Other studies will determine whetherrelated changes take place in the discriminability of pairs of stimuli.The second main topic concerns the role of attention in selectiveprocessing of stimuli and stimulus dimensions. Focusing attention inhearing on a single frequency leads to depressed sensitivity to other,distant signal frequencies, thereby revealing the presence of individualchannels ('attention bands'). Using detection and discrimination methods,studies will determine how similar selective processing characterizestouch, taste, and olfactory perception, evaluating attention bands fordifferent qualities (e.g., different tastes), different spatial locations(e.g., tactile stimulation of different fingers), and different modalities(e.g., separate bands for olfactory and gustatory components in flavors).Related studies will determine how information from different channelscombines. Attention can also guide processing of particular dimensions.Processing of perceptual information is often most efficient when stimulivary on perceptually-primary dimensions. Studies will use discriminationmethods to measure the ability to attend selectively to differences indistance, time, and velocity of moving visual stimuli. Lastly, althoughdifferent modalities (e.g., vision and hearing) are often consideredindependent, tasks requiring rapid processing reveal intermodalinteractions in response speed. Studies will determine whether suchinteractions are also evident in unspeeded tasks, using discriminationmethods that provide separate measures of perceptual sensitivity andresponse criterion. In sum, this research program should shed importantlight on the basic operations of human perceptual systems. Not only canthis improve our understanding of normal sensory-perceptual functioning inhealthy individuals, but ultimately also disorders in individuals withsensory impairments and attentional deficits.
JF  - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519, nih; NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS, 1994
AU  - MARKS, Lawrence E
PY  - 1994
PB  - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85296080?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=COMMONALITIES+IN+TOUCH%2C+HEARING%2C+VISION+AND+TASTE&rft.au=MARKS%2C+Lawrence+E&rft.aulast=MARKS&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ComDisDome
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-07
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - CLINICAL OLFACTORY PSYCHOPHYSICS
AN  - 85288893; cs-265457
JF  - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519, nih; NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS, 1994
AU  - CAIN, William S
PY  - 1994
PB  - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85288893?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=CLINICAL+OLFACTORY+PSYCHOPHYSICS&rft.au=CAIN%2C+William+S&rft.aulast=CAIN&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ComDisDome
N1  - Last updated - 2010-05-07
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hidden costs and benefits of government card technologies
AN  - 745656476; 138640
AB  - We explore here two specific examples of this cost/benefit evaluation applied to card technologies: food stamps and other assistance cards, and health-care cards. The U.S. Federal government is currently promoting both of these applications in conjunction with State governments and providers. The applications are promoted as modernizing and cost-saving measures in a period of tight budgets, but without necessarily considering the full costs or benefits. The cases presented in this article clearly do not represent all Federal programs, but the comprehensive approach discussed here is appropriate to others.
JF  - IEEE Technology and Society Magazine
AU  - Hausken, Tom
AU  - Bruening, Paula
AD  - Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, DC, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 24
EP  - 32
VL  - 13
IS  - 2
SN  - 0278-0097, 0278-0097
KW  - Cost accounting
KW  - Food stamps
KW  - Smart cards
KW  - US Federal Government
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Technology
KW  - W4 911.1:COST ACCOUNTING
KW  - W4 723.5:COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
KW  - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745656476?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Technology+and+Society+Magazine&rft.atitle=Hidden+costs+and+benefits+of+government+card+technologies&rft.au=Hausken%2C+Tom%3BBruening%2C+Paula&rft.aulast=Hausken&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IEEE+Technology+and+Society+Magazine&rft.issn=02780097&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Evaluation; Technology
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session New York, NY (June 14, 1993).
AN  - 62821167; ED371725
AB  - This hearing focused on education in New York, including recommendations for corrective actions to improve school governance and management in the areas of custodial services and school bus transportation. The report includes testimony from: Andrew J. Stein, President, New York City Council; Kevin Gill, Executive Director, Division of Support Services, New York City Board of Education; Richard Ahola, Executive Liaison for Central Services, New York State Education Department; Bruce Cooper, Professor of Administration and Public Policy, Fordham University; Jean S. Adilifu, Assistant Executive Superintendent, Newark Board of Education; John Fager, Cochair, Parents Coalition; and Michael Strasser, Assistant Commissioner, Division of Surface Transit Operations, Department of Education. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 114
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington DC 20402.
SN  - 0160441714
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Janitorial Services
KW  - New York
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Student Transportation
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Educational Administration
KW  - School Districts
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Educational Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62821167?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-45. For a related hearing, see ED 3
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Education Reform. Hearing before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session. Special Hearing.
AN  - 62820951; ED371862
AB  - This special hearing, held in Portland, Oregon, addressed the concept of allowing states and local governments more flexibility in their use of federal funds designated for educational programs in exchange for increased state and local accountability. It focused on programs and policies in place or under consideration in the states of Oregon and Washington. Testimony was presented by: (1) U.S. Representative Jolene Unsoeld of Washington; (2) Oregon State Senator Shirley Gold; (3) U.S. Representative Peter DeFazio of Oregon; (4) school superintendents from Salem, Oregon, and Olympia, Washington; (5) Oregon State Representative Carolyn Oakley; (6) the heads of boards of education in Salem and Trigard, Oregon; (7) teachers, principals, and a professor from Oregon public schools and universities; and (8) David Geiger, president of the Oregon School Boards Association. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 68
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160441846
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Oregon
KW  - Washington
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Special Needs Students
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - Community Programs
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Accountability
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal State Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62820951?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains two pages of small/broken type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Child Nutrition Programs: Issues for the 103d Congress. Prepared for the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session.
AN  - 62816929; ED371827
AB  - This report is designed to provide members of Congress and the general public with information about the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), in light of the fact that a number of provisions of the National School Lunch and Child Nutrition Acts are to be reauthorized during the current congressional term. It contains a description of the NSLP and its current funding levels, along with an analysis of the relationship between NSLP disbursements to schools to cover program administration costs and school participation in the NSLP. The impact of hunger and malnutrition on student achievement is also reviewed. The bulk of the report consists of five appendixes which provide: (1) a narrative legislative history and analysis of child nutrition programs enacted since 1945; (2) letters from Senators Patrick J. Leahy (Vermont) and Richard Lugar (Indiana) in support of NSLP reauthorization; (3) letters from educational groups to members of Congress supporting NSLP reauthorization; (4) letters from state agencies to members of Congress supporting NSLP reauthorization; and (5) a 90-item annotated bibliography of materials concerning child nutrition. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - January 1994
SP  - 240
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160439787
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - National School Lunch and Child Nutrition Act 1975
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Lunch Programs
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - School Activities
KW  - Position Papers
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Policy Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62816929?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-H. Contains many pages of small typ
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on H.R. 6, the Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1993. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Oakland, Michigan, May 1, 1993).
AN  - 62816538; ED371834
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), which since 1965 has provided the bulk of federal aid to elementary and secondary schools and related programs. Much of the testimony was from Michigan school administrators, teachers, and educational specialists who voiced opinions about the efficacy of specific programs funded by the ESEA, particularly those programs that they would like to see expanded or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) a district reading specialist; (2) an elementary school principal; (3) a Chapter 1 teacher; (4) a district staff development specialist; (5) a district intermediate school director of general education; (6) an assistant superintendent for curriculum; (7) a district bilingual/migrant program consultant; (8) a bilingual/migrant teacher; (9) a professor of education; (10) an elementary school teacher; and (11) a high school library technology coordinator. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 92
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160440726
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Michigan
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Librarians
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Reading Consultants
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Program Evaluation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62816538?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-41.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Public Secondary School Teacher Survey on Vocational Education. Contractor Report. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62812036; ED367876
AB  - In fall 1992, the National Assessment of Vocational Education Teacher Survey gathered data on the context of vocational education in public secondary schools through questionnaires sent to 2,071 vocational and academic secondary teachers. Response was 93 percent (1,924 teachers). Almost all teachers taught full time and had a significant amount of teaching experience. Class size was slightly lower and class length was somewhat longer in vocational courses. Vocational courses differed by the activities and teaching methods used during class. Homework was much more likely to have been assigned during a 5-day period in academic courses; vocational course students were about twice as likely to have used some kind of instrument, tools or equipment, and computers. Large proportions of both groups of teachers planned to include written examinations and quizzes. Vocational teachers were likely to administer a performance test or assess a student's portfolio. The mathematics and science content of most vocational courses was limited. Teachers in both groups reported the leading determinants of students' grades were basic reading skills, completing work on time, creative thinking and problem solving, and self-management skills, although occupational skills were significantly more likely to contribute to a vocational student's grade. (Over one-half of the report consists of 23 tables of estimates and standard errors. The questionnaire is appended.) (YLB)
AU  - Heaviside, Sheila
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - January 1994
SP  - 80
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-409
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Course Content
KW  - Integrated Curriculum
KW  - Teacher Attitudes
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Portfolios (Background Materials)
KW  - Teacher Surveys
KW  - Grading
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Grades (Scholastic)
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Educational Environment
KW  - Learning Activities
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Teacher Qualifications
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62812036?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Issues of Curriculum Reform in Science, Mathematics and Higher Order Thinking across the Disciplines.
AN  - 62811976; ED368064
AB  - This literature review is the first phase of an extensive review of curriculum reform in science, mathematics and higher order thinking across the disciplines. The first of eight sections is an executive summary addressing the major themes of the document. The second section deals with several general issues of curricular reform concerning teaching and learning. The next three sections address separate aspects of school curriculum: mathematics, science, and higher order thinking across the disciplines. Each subject and section explores the historical context from which curriculum reform in this area emerges, characteristics of curriculum reform, required changes in curriculum, and current projects under way. The sixth section covers the process of curriculum reform. It is a multifaceted process that varies substantially from one time and setting to another. The next section addresses the context for reform in this country with attention given to national, state, and regional efforts at curriculum reform. The final section addresses the implications for the Curriculum Reform Project, for which this review of literature provided a foundation. A bibliography and a list of other Studies of Education Reform Program reports and a bibliography of 251 references are included (JPT)
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - January 1994
SP  - 147
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - OR-94-3408
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Curriculum Research
KW  - Science Curriculum
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Curriculum Development
KW  - Mathematics Curriculum
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Government Publications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62811976?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Prepared under the auspicious the Curriculum Refor
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act of 1993. Hearing on S. 1345 To Provide Land-Grant Status for Tribally Controlled Community Colleges, Tribally Controlled Postsecondary Vocational Institutions, the Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development, Southwest Indian Polytechnic Institute, and Haskell Indian Junior College, before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (November 18, 1993).
AN  - 62811429; ED370745
AB  - A Senate committee hearing received testimony on the Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act, which would extend land-grant status and concomitant federal aid to 29 Indian tribal colleges and postsecondary institutions. Senators and representatives of the National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, Navajo Community College, the American Indian Higher Education Consortium, Sinte Gleska University, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Office of Indian Education Programs endorsed the act and discussed the analogies between the mission of tribal colleges and that of present land-grant institutions, the underfunding of tribal colleges, the need for education in agriculture and natural resource management on American Indian reservations, and the opportunity for expanded rural extension initiatives that land-grant status would provide. Additional materials submitted to the committee include a list of the benefits of land-grant status; a description of the mission, philosophy, programs, students, and needs of Navajo Community College (NCC); statistical information on the Navajo community and economy; results of a survey of NCC graduates; and a proposed amendment to the bill. (SV)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 84
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160441692
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technical Institutes
KW  - Land Grant Universities
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Rural Extension
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Vocational Schools
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Community Colleges
KW  - American Indian Education
KW  - Agricultural Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62811429?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains some small or broken type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Implementing of Public Law 102-477, the Indian Employment, Training and Related Services Demonstration Act of 1992. Hearing on Regulations Dealing with Section 401 Job Training Partnership Act before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (September 15, 1993).
AN  - 62810586; ED367520
AB  - In October 1992, Congress passed legislation supporting American Indian tribal demonstration projects that would consolidate employment services, job training, and related services to improve the effectiveness of such services, reduce unemployment, and further tribal goals. In September 1993, a Senate hearing received testimony concerning the extent of implementation of these pilot projects. Representatives of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Department of Labor, and the Department of Health and Human Services reported that: (1) these agencies had established a management framework specifying their roles and responsibilities with respect to the statute; (2) the agencies were developing written guidance for tribes on project implementation, as well as consolidated program report forms; and (3) 55 tribes were willing to participate in program implementation during fiscal year 1994. Representatives of tribes and Indian organizations discussed: (1) the importance of federal agencies treating the tribes as full partners in the implementation process; (2) concerns that federal agencies not create barriers to implementation; (3) the relationship of this initiative to ongoing tribal self-governance initiatives; (4) the need for data collection that would allow program evaluation in terms of local circumstances; and (5) concerns over Department of Labor plans to publish new regulations affecting Indian Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) programs. An appendix making up the bulk of this document contains the text of the legislation (Public Law 102-477), much discussion about the proposed JTPA regulations, reports on Native unemployment and economic development efforts on reservations and in urban areas, and a description of a planned electronic network linking grantees with each other and with federal agencies. (SV)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 142
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160434858
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Indian Employment Training Rel Svc Demon Act 1992
KW  - Job Training Partnership Act 1982
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Tribes
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Employment Services
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Agency Cooperation
KW  - Pilot Projects
KW  - American Indian Education
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Tribal Sovereignty
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62810586?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains some small print.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Federal Prison Industries, Inc.--Unicor. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Intellectual Property and Judicial Administration of the Committee on the Judiciary. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (March 11, 1993).
AN  - 62810370; ED372257
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony of witnesses at a Congressional hearing on UNICOR, Federal Prison Industries, Inc., a self-supporting government corporation created in 1934 to formalize prison management efforts to provide dependable work for the greatest number of inmates. The hearing centered on concerns about providing enough work for federal prisoners to learn from it and to be kept occupied and from private sector concerns about displacing work that can be done by private firms. Witnesses included representatives of manufacturers, labor unions, prison management associations, and government agencies. Various proposals were made to increase the labor-intensive aspects of prisoner work without displacing private companies from selling to the federal government. Industry representatives opposed mandatory preference for prison work-products for purchase by the federal government. Discussion was not conclusive. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 135
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160436370
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Federal Prison Industries Inc
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Employer Attitudes
KW  - Unions
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Correctional Rehabilitation
KW  - Employment
KW  - Adults
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Economic Impact
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62810370?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 15. Document contains some small type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The School-To-Work Opportunities Act of 1993. Hearings on S. 1361, to Establish a National Framework for the Development of School-to-Work Opportunities Systems in All States, and for Other Purposes before the Subcommittee on Employment and Productivity of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (September 28 and October 14, 1993).
AN  - 62809675; ED367913
AB  - This document records the oral and written given by witnesses at a Congressional hearing on the School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1993 held in Fall 1993. Witnesses included Senators, the U.S. Secretary of Education, the U.S. Secretary of Labor, business officials, school officials, and program directors of various local and state programs. The testimony noted that the United States is one of the few Western nations that does not provide a career path for noncollege-bound students. It was suggested that formal programs encompassing the last 2 years of high school and 1-2 years after high school be set up to provide students with skills and certification. Cooperation between school systems and business and industry is essential to set up such programs. Testimony also profiled various successful programs throughout the country, such as "academies" for various industries set up within high schools. Such programs have resulted in students not only gaining job skills but also going on for further training or college education. Also stressed was the need to set and adhere high standards and to have staff encouraging young people to look to their futures. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 185
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160440408
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - School to Work Opportunities Act 1993
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - High Risk Students
KW  - Noncollege Bound Students
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - School Business Relationship
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Dropout Prevention
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - State Federal Aid
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809675?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see CE 066 219.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Educating the Small Business Work Force. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Development of Rural Enterprises, Exports, and the Environment of the Committee on Small Business. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (September 21, 1993).
AN  - 62809639; ED372256
AB  - This document records the oral testimony and written reports of witnesses who testified at a Congressional hearing on education for entry-level workers who are needed by small businesses. Those who offered oral or written testimony included representatives of the following: National Alliance of Business, the American Society for Training and Development, the Educational Testing Service, the Council on Competitiveness, and the Executive Secretarial School. The testimony centered on the theme that noncollege-bound students, who represent about 75 percent of students, do not have the basic skills needed to fill the jobs available and to advance in those jobs. Witnesses suggested that many kinds of reform have been tried with little success. They pointed to Goals 2000, however, as the type of movement that is needed and that might provide the goals necessary for collective work toward a more competitive work force. Some witnesses believe that educational reform cannot be just "tinkering around the edges," but must be a complete overhaul of the school system. Others suggested a "youth apprenticeship" program for the last 2 years of high school, with employers playing a greater role in training students for the jobs available. According to one witness, schools and employers need to agree on validated skills necessary for high school graduates so noncollege-bound students have some incentive to study. In addition, education should stress more applications, according to several witnesses. Some witnesses also stated that small businesses cannot afford training for their employees and that the federal government should provide tax incentives for training personnel, just as they do for technology and equipment purchases. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 152
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160436613
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Employment Projections
KW  - Noncollege Bound Students
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Labor Needs
KW  - Small Businesses
KW  - Employment Potential
KW  - Job Skills
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Labor Force Development
KW  - Futures (of Society)
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809639?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-48. Document contains some small ty
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reauthorization of the Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (June 10, 1993).
AN  - 62809488; ED369248
AB  - This text of a hearing on the reauthorization of the Technology Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988 addresses such issues as clearer standards of accountability, establishment of low-interest loan programs for consumers, increased assistive technology training, outreach to minority populations, dissemination of information across State lines, and continued development of assistive technologies. The text contains delivered statements by representatives of the United Cerebral Palsy Association, the New York State Department of Education, the North Carolina Assistive Technology Project, the New Mexico Technology-Related Assistance Project, the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, the Office of Management and Budget, and the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. Additional prepared statements and supplementary materials are included from the Electronic Industries Association Consumer Electronics Group and Congressional representatives Harris W. Fawell (Illinois) and Major R. Owens (New York). (DB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 127
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160434742
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Technology Related Assistance Individ Disabil Act
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Assistive Devices (for Disabled)
KW  - Accountability
KW  - Accessibility (for Disabled)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Organizations (Groups)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809488?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-36.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Facility and Telecommunications Needs of Tribally Controlled Community Colleges. Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (July 29, 1993).
AN  - 62808531; ED366494
AB  - A Senate committee hearing received testimony on the condition of facilities at tribal colleges and on the role that telecommunications technology might perform in helping tribal colleges accomplish their mission. Representatives of tribal colleges described inadequate and unsafe buildings with leaky roofs and structural problems, trailers and donated spaces used as classrooms, problems with electricity and other utilities, growing enrollments and overcrowding, and the lack of federal funds for building repair and renovation. The telecommunications project director of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium summarized plans for an educational telecommunications network that would link tribal colleges, reservation schools, and tribal community-services agencies. Appendices contain prepared statements that describe the history of federal funding for tribal telecommunications and distance-learning projects; provide details on funding needed for construction projects and telecommunications equipment; and discuss the history, socio-political environment, physical resources, educational accomplishments, enrollment trends, construction and renovation needs, and costs of capital improvement and renovation projects at Navajo Community College (Arizona/New Mexico). Photographs of Sinte Gleska University (South Dakota) facilities are included. (SV)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 124
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160434378
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Equipment Needs
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Facility Requirements
KW  - Two Year Colleges
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Construction Needs
KW  - College Buildings
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Distance Education
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Construction Costs
KW  - Community Colleges
KW  - American Indian Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808531?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains some broken print. Photographs will not r
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Navy Training Policy. Hearing before the Military Forces and Personnel Subcommittee on the Committee on Armed Services. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (June 8, 1993).
AN  - 62808423; ED366847
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony of participants in a hearing on training policy for the U.S. Navy. The principal witness was Admiral Stanley Arthur, Vice Chief of Naval Operations. Testimony concerned Navy flight training, especially in regard to training pilots for landing on carrier ships, and other aspects of Navy preparedness. Various scenarios of training were reviewed, and the costs of various training alternatives were discussed. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 27
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160436478
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Navy
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Military Training
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Program Costs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Flight Training
KW  - Educational Needs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808423?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - H.A.S.C. No. 103-25.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - School to Work Programs: An Opportunity for Oregon To Lead Again. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Technology of the Committee on Small Business. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Portland, Oregon, April 7, 1994).
AN  - 62808040; ED372259
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony given by witnesses at a Congressional hearing conducted to look at Oregon's efforts in school-business partnerships and school-to-work transition programs. Witnesses included representatives of federal and state agencies, private industries participating in the programs, and schools participating in the programs. Witnesses testified about the programs and how they operate. They cited successes and pointed to their efforts in Oregon as models for the rest of the United States to follow. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 28
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160445914
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Oregon
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Cooperative Education
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Institutional Cooperation
KW  - School Business Relationship
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808040?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-79.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Oversight Hearings on Dislocated Workers. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (April 20, July 29, and September 20, 1993).
AN  - 62808011; ED372258
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony given by witnesses at a series of three Congressional hearings conducted in 1993 to review federal retraining programs for dislocated workers. Witnesses included representatives of federal and state agencies, and Private Industry Councils. Witnesses testified about their programs and what has worked and has not worked in their efforts to retrain dislocated workers. The existing programs were described and suggestions made for improvements, including putting programs in place before layoffs, and shortening the timeframe for retraining programs so workers can afford to complete them. However, according to witnesses, whatever successes have occurred have been tempered by the sluggish economy and the reality that most of the new jobs for which workers can be retrained pay substantially less than the jobs they have lost. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 530
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160436966
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Retraining
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Dislocated Workers
KW  - Wages
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808011?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-38. Document contains some small ty
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Intercollegiate Sports (Part 2). Hearings before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (June 23 and August 4, 1993).
AN  - 62807938; ED368248
AB  - The House of Representatives Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness met to hear testimony on sex discrimination in secondary and college level athletic programs. The witnesses on the first panel were all current or former college students and plaintiffs in four recent and significant Title IX cases. Title IX was part of the Education Amendments Act of 1972 that put an end to sex discrimination in education, including sports. The witnesses were Rollin Haffer, a former student of Temple University (Pennsylvania); Jennifer Baldwin Cook, a former ice hockey player for Colgate University (New York); Amy Cohen, a gymnast, and Megan Hull, a volleyball player both from Brown University (Rhode Island); and Susan B. Kiechel, a former student at Auburn University (Alabama) and a soccer player. A question and answer session probed students' experiences with the Office of Civil Rights. A second panel of witnesses included Nancy Benda, director, Equal Educational Opportunity Program, Florida Department of Education; Ola Bundy, of the Illinois High School Association; Christine Pride, a senior at John F. Kennedy High School (Maryland); Dorothy Gaters, basketball coach at John Marshall High School (Illinois); and Wanda Oates, basketball coach at Ballou High School (District of Columbia). Additional testimony was submitted for the record by Betty Castor, Commissioner of Education of the Florida Department of Education. (JB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 151
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160435307
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Florida
KW  - Title IX Education Amendments 1972
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Athletic Coaches
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Intercollegiate Cooperation
KW  - Sex Discrimination
KW  - College Athletics
KW  - Womens Athletics
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - College Students
KW  - Females
KW  - Court Litigation
KW  - High School Students
KW  - Athletes
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807938?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-58. For part I, see ED 359 188.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Youth Violence: A Community Resource. Hearing on Experience and Reaction to Trends Regarding Juvenile Violence Within the Jurisdiction of Phoenix and Tucson, AZ, before the Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Phoenix and Tucson, AZ, June 1-2, 1993).
AN  - 62807099; ED368830
AB  - Data show that gangs, drugs, and random murders are becoming staples in the lives of U.S. children. Every major U.S. city is facing a deadly gang problem, exemplified by drive-by shootings and teenagers brandishing assault weapons. This document presents witness testimony, prepared statements, and panel discussions that examine the problem of gang violence and the use of firearms by young people within the community, as well as what has and has not worked in attempting to eliminate these problems at the local level. Panelists include Stanley G. Feldman, Chief Justice of the Arizona Supreme Court; Sophia Lopez, representing Mothers Against Gangs; Lora Nye, chairperson, Phoenix Blockwatch Commission; Robert K. Corbin, president, National Rifle Association; and several Arizona city mayors, law enforcement officials and judges, school district administrators, and representatives of community anti-gang grass roots organizations. An appendix contains additional submissions that were submitted for the record. (GLR)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 290
PB  - Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325.
SN  - 0160434521
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Crime Prevention
KW  - Local Issues
KW  - Juvenile Gangs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Gun Control
KW  - Delinquency Prevention
KW  - Youth Problems
KW  - Violence
KW  - Juvenile Justice
KW  - Adolescents
KW  - Problem Solving
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807099?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. J-103-17.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Issues in Designing a Federal Program of Income-Contingent Student Loans. CBO Memorandum.
AN  - 62806951; ED366278
AB  - In response to Congressional requests to analyze proposed federal programs that would provide income-contingent loans (ICLs) to postsecondary students, this report of the Congressional Budget Office examines the fundamental issues in designing such programs. It identifies the key parameters that define an ICL program, discusses the relationships among them, and explores other issues that bear on how an ICL program could be fashioned. Specific questions addressed include whether ICLs should be federally subsidized, whether some borrowers subsidize other borrowers, and if borrowers would alter their behavior in response to the terms of an ICL. Other factors that would affect the terms of an ICL are discussed including cumulative loan amount, length of repayment period, payback rate relative to income, interest rate, and the administrative burden on the borrower. The report also includes a table of the basic types of income-contingent loans. (GLR)
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - January 1994
SP  - 31
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Program Design
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Paying for College
KW  - Loan Repayment
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Income Contingent Loans
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Higher Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806951?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Veterans' Education and Training Act of 1994. Report Including Cost Estimate of the Congressional Budget Office. To Accompany H.R. 4768. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62806586; ED372268
AB  - This document contains the text of the Veterans' Education and Training Act of 1994, as amended and reported out of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs with a recommendation for passage. As reported out of committee, the major provisions of the bill are the following: (1) make permanent a flight training program previously established; (2) include facilities on Indian reservations for training; (3) authorize a 2-year pilot program for state-approved, alternative teacher certification programs; (4) clarify that a veteran may enroll in a course approved by the Secretary of Defense offered at an approved institution outside the United States; (5) set requirements for correspondence courses; (6) extend the expiration date of the Veterans' Advisory Committee on Education to the year 2003; (7) increase the maximum amount made available to State Approving Agencies from $12 million to $13 million; (8) increase the level of funding available for veterans' educational and vocational counseling services provided by contract from $5 million to $6 million; (9) require that wages and benefits paid to veterans receiving veterans' training benefits will not be less than benefits paid to other employees participating in similar training programs in the community; and (10) clarify that an eligible individual may begin a program of job training on the day that the notice of approval is transmitted. The document discusses and analyzes each of these provisions and provides a section-by-section analysis of the act. The full text of the act is included. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 25
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Training Allowances
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Veterans Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806586?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Proposed Legislation: Reemployment Act of 1994. Message from the President of the United States Transmitting a Draft of Proposed Legislation Entitled, "Reemployment Act of 1994." 103d Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62803763; ED372267
AB  - This document contains the text and a section-by-section analysis of the proposed Reemployment Act of 1994, along with President Clinton's message in transmitting the act to Congress. The document reports that job seekers today have a difficult time getting information about jobs and training. The underlying problem is the lack of a coherent employment and training system. The document proposes a true system of lifelong learning, the proposed legislation being a first step in building such a system. The act reflects six key principles: (1) universal access and program consolidation; (2) high-quality reemployment services; (3) high-quality labor market information; (4) one-stop service; (5) effective retraining for dislocated workers; and (6) accountability. The text of the proposed legislation includes a short title, table of contents, findings and purpose, authorizations of appropriations, definitions, and various titles to address the major provisions outlined by the President. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 265
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Retraining
KW  - Economic Development
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Dislocated Workers
KW  - Labor Market
KW  - Employment Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62803763?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Higher Education in Africa. Hearing before the Subcommittee on African Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (May 17, 1993).
AN  - 62802911; ED367203
AB  - Testimony on federal aid to higher education in Africa is recorded in this report of a congressional hearing. Subcommittee chairman Senator Paul Simon opened by describing his hope that more U.S. aid be directed to the relatively new but now deteriorating African institutions of higher education. John Hicks, from the Bureau for Africa at the Agency for International Development, testified on early efforts to assist Kenya and Uganda, past assistance in agricultural higher education, and current activities. Fred Hayward, of the American Council on Education, testified by comparing U.S. and African higher education. Frank Morris, Dean of Graduate Study and Research at Morgan State University (Maryland), testified about using indigenous experts, policies that encourage short-term solutions, and the untapped resources of the historically black colleges and universities in the U.S. Carl Schieren of the African American Institute testified on the role of African higher education in national development and the extreme challenges that hinder their efforts. Pearl Robinson of Tufts University (Massachusetts) testified on three programs of the African Academy of Sciences. Also included are prepared statements of all the witnesses and a record of the verbal testimony and questions that followed. (JB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 64
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160434211
KW  - Africa
KW  - Africans
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Kenya
KW  - Uganda
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Community
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Black Colleges
KW  - Politics of Education
KW  - Hearings
KW  - International Relations
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Foreign Policy
KW  - Developing Nations
KW  - Role of Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62802911?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - High Performance Computing and Communications Program. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (October 26, 1993).
AN  - 62802801; ED367315
AB  - This hearing explores how the High Performance Computing and Communications Program (HPCC) relates to the technology needs of industry. Testimony and prepared statements from the following witnesses on future effects of computing and networking technologies on their companies are included: (1) F. Brett Berlin, president, Brett Berlin Associates, accompanied by David R. Audley, managing director, Prudential Securities; (2) Peter R. Bridenbaugh, executive vice president, science, engineering, environment, safety and health, Aluminum Co. of America; (3) Paul E. Rubbert, unit chief, aerodynamics research, Boeing Commercial Airplane Group; (4) W. Donald Frazer, vice president, Massively Parallel Products, Oracle Corp; and (5) Marvin G. Bloomquist, manager, information technology, Mobil Exploration and Producing Technical Center. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 110
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160435242
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - High Performance Computing Act 1991
KW  - High Performance Computing and Commun Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Information Systems
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Information Networks
KW  - Computer System Design
KW  - Industry
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62802801?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Managing the Federal Direct Student Loan Program. Hearing before the Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (June 10, 1993).
AN  - 62801199; ED372678
AB  - The House Subcommittee on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations met to hear testimony from leaders in government and higher education on managing the federal direct student loan program. Focus was on the Department of Education's plans to correct existing management problems of the Guaranteed Student Loan Program and implement the additional responsibilities of managing a direct lending loan program. Statements are included from the following: Robert E. Andrews, New Jersey Representative; Stephanie Bloomingdale, U.S. Students Association; Thomas A. Butts, for the American Council on Education, American Association of State Colleges and Universities, American Association of Community Colleges, National Association of College and University Business Officers, and National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges; Clarence C. Crawford, :U.S. General Accounting Office; Orcilia Zuniga Forbes, University of New Mexico; William F. Goodling, Representative from Pennsylvania; Madeline Kunin, U.S. Department of Education; Thomas E. Petri, Representative from Wisconsin; Anne Sturtevant, Emory University (Tennessee); and Edolphus Towns, Representative from New York. (JB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 158
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016044439X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Department of Education
KW  - Direct Lending
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Program Design
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Higher Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62801199?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Academic Earmarks--Parts I & II. Hearings before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (June 16; September 15, 1993).
AN  - 62798015; ED370481
AB  - These hearings examined testimony on the practice of academic earmarking by the U.S. Congress, the process of allocating federal funds to academic projects or institutions based upon the influence of one or more members of Congress who favor the funding, rather than on the specific merits of the project or institution. Oral and written testimony for and against earmarking was heard from: (1) Robert M. Rosenzweig, former president of the Association of American Universities; (2) Ken Schlossberg, a consultant; (3) Joe B. Wyatt, chancellor of Vanderbilt University; (4) Charles McCallum, president of the University of Alabama-Birmingham; (5) David Gute, interim director of the Center for Environmental Management, Tufts University; (6) William A. Polf, deputy vice president for health sciences, Columbia University; (7) Alvin Pesachowitz, acting deputy assistant administrator for finance and acquisition, Environmental Protection Agency; (8) Elizabeth E. Smedley, acting chief financial officer, Department of Energy; and (9) Robert W. Brown, deputy associate administrator, Office of Human Resources Education, National Air and Space Administration. An appendix contains additional prepared statements and correspondence relevant to the hearings. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 244
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington DC 20402.
SN  - 0160441927
KW  - Academic Earmarking
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - Legislators
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Resource Allocation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62798015?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Abuses in Federal Student Grant Programs. Hearings before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (October 27-28, 1993).
AN  - 62797953; ED369381
AB  - It appears that many of the problems plaguing the Federal Student Aid Programs are also undermining the Pell Grant program, not so much from dishonesty on the part of students, but by dishonesty on the part of schools. This document presents testimony and prepared statements concerning the allegations of fraud, abuse, and mismanagement in the Federal Pell Grant program and the effectiveness of the Department of Education in detecting and responding to these problems. Two-thirds of the document is an appendix of 96 exhibits of selected documents, letters, affidavits, and reports from witnesses in order of their appearance before the committee. Among the witnesses testifying before the committee were the following individuals: Senator Claiborne Pell of Rhode Island; Richard C. Stiener, Director of the Office of Special Investigations, U.S. General Accounting office; James B. Thomas, Jr., Inspector General, U.S. Department of Education; David A. Longanecker, Assistant Secretary, Office of Postsecondary Education, U.S. Department of Education; and Sister Janet Fitzgerald, President of Molloy College, Long Island, New York. (GLR)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 561
PB  - Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 016044134X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Department of Education
KW  - Pell Grant Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Fraud
KW  - Grants
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Money Management
KW  - Paying for College
KW  - Colleges
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Finance Reform
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Universities
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62797953?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains some pages of small and blurred print.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on School-to-Work Transition. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (July 15, 1993).
AN  - 62797140; ED369913
AB  - This congressional hearing on reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act concentrates on school-to-work transition. Testimony includes statements and prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials from Representatives in Congress and individuals representing the following: Flint Roundtable, Michigan; Genesee Area Focus Council, Flint, Michigan; Glatfelter Insurance Group; School District of the City of York, Pennsylvania; George C. Marshall High School, Fairfax, Virginia; National Association of State Councils on Vocational Education; National Association of School Psychologists; and National Coalition for Advanced Manufacturing. (YLB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 61
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160440858
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Economic Development
KW  - Vocational Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Labor Force Development
KW  - Futures (of Society)
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62797140?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-42. For related documents, see ED 3
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The National Education Goals Report. Volume Two: State Data.
AN  - 62718525; ED383819
AB  - The "1994 National Education Goals Report" consists of three documents, a central report focusing on core indicators, a volume devoted to national data, and this volume on state progress toward the National Education Goals. State data is presented in profiles for each state, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marianas, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. For each state, each of the goals is listed, and information in support of state progress is given in graphs and tables. Direct measures of the goals and objectives are given in such areas as child health and nutrition; high school completion and dropouts; and other measures of academic achievement, including advanced placement programs, adult literacy, educational environment, and school safety. Appendix A lists sources, Appendix B contains the technical notes, and Appendix C lists acknowledgments. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 261
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160452031
KW  - National Education Goals Panel
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Action
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Family Environment
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Indicators
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Discipline
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - International Studies
KW  - Profiles
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Drug Use
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62718525?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For Volume One, see UD 030 490, for the 1994 Natio
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Folklife Resources in the Library of Congress. Revised Edition.
AN  - 62717691; ED383634
AB  - This booklet, a revised and updated edition of the 1981 Cutting-Baker original work, "Folklife and the Library of Congress: A Survey of Resources", introduces the Library of Congress from the perspective of folklife resources. It also points out some of the relevant materials in various divisions and suggests routes of access to those materials. By familiarizing folklorists and others with the quantity, quality, and diversity of folklife resources in the Library of Congress, this guide is intended to encourage more productive and creative folklife research within the Library. The Library of Congress is one of the great learning resources of the world, with collections unparalleled in size and scope. The volume includes the following: (1) "Preface"; (2) "Using the Library of Congress"; (3) "American Folklife Center"; (4) "Area Studies Divisions" (African and Middle Eastern, Asian, European, and Hispanic); (5) "Children's Literature Center"; (6) "Copyright Office"; (7) "Geography and Map Division"; (8) "Humanities and Social Sciences Division"; (9) "Law Library"; (10) "Local History and Genealogy Reading Room"; (11) "Manuscript Division"; (12) "Microform Reading Room"; (13) "Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division"; (14) "Music Division"; (15) "Prints and Photographs Division"; (16) "Rare Book and Special Collections Division"; (17) "Science and Technology Division"; (18) "Serial and Government Publications Division"; and (19) "Other Library Offices." (EH)
AU  - Lloyd, Timothy
AU  - Glatt, Hillary
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 52
PB  - American Folklife Center, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-8100.
SN  - 0844403717
KW  - American Folklife Center
KW  - Library of Congress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Media Staff
KW  - Researchers
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Heritage Education
KW  - Culture
KW  - Folk Culture
KW  - Anthropology
KW  - Cultural Education
KW  - Material Culture
KW  - Cultural Maintenance
KW  - Research Tools
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Resource Materials
KW  - Reference Materials
KW  - Primary Sources
KW  - Archives
KW  - Resource Centers
KW  - Resources
KW  - Cultural Background
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62717691?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related item, see SO 025 011.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The National Education Goals Report. Volume One: National Data.
AN  - 62716891; ED383818
AB  - The "1994 National Education Goals Report" consists of three documents, a central report focusing on core indicators, a volume of state data, and this volume of national data about the educational progress the nation and states are making. This volume contains comprehensive sets of measures to describe national progress toward the eight national education goals. Sixteen core indicators describe progress toward six goals; no indicators have yet been developed for the newest goals, parental participation and teacher education and professional development. Exhibits, in graph and chart form, illustrate 16 core indicators: (1) the Children's Health Index; (2) immunizations; (3) family reading and storytelling; (4) preschool participation; (5) high school completion; (6) mathematics achievement; (7) reading achievement; (8) international mathematics achievement comparison; (9) international science achievement comparisons; (10) adult literacy; (11) participation in adult education; (12) participation in higher education; (13) student drug and alcohol use; (14) sale of drugs at school; (15) student and teacher victimization; and (16) disruptions in class by students. Sixty-five exhibits illustrate these indicators. One appendix contains technical notes and sources, and the other provides acknowledgments. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 148
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160452031
KW  - National Education Goals Panel
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Family Environment
KW  - National Norms
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Indicators
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Discipline
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - International Studies
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Drug Use
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62716891?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For Volume Two, see UD 030 491, for the 1994 Natio
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Chadron, NE, June 19, 1993).
AN  - 62715106; ED379566
AB  - This legislative hearing focuses on Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, and South Dakota's drug-prevention efforts. The emphasis here is on the efforts of rural states, rural communities, rural schools, and families to combat drug and alcohol abuse. Drug-free school programs are particularly emphasized. Also discussed are the issues various drug-prevention programs face, such as funding needs, the allocation of resources, the special problems faced by Native Americans, and other concerns. In addition to personal testimonies, which are recorded here verbatim, are a number of prepared statements by educators, project administrators, and students. (RJM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 96
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160442788
KW  - Committee on Education and Human Resources
KW  - Drug Free Schools and Communities Act 1986
KW  - Nebraska
KW  - South Dakota
KW  - Wyoming
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Drinking
KW  - Substance Abuse
KW  - Drug Legislation
KW  - Rural Schools
KW  - Rural Population
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Legal Responsibility
KW  - Rural Areas
KW  - Laws
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Rural Environment
KW  - Drug Use
KW  - Drug Abuse
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62715106?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-470.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - The National Education Goals Report. Building a Nation of Learners, 1994.
AN  - 62714477; ED380054
AB  - This is the central document of the fourth series of annual reports to measure progress toward the National Education Goals through the year 2000; goals which set high expectations for education performance at every stage of a learner's life, from preschool through adulthood. The report focuses on 16 core indicators that are: comprehensive across the Goals; critical in determining whether the Goals are actually achieved; policy-actionable; and updated at frequent intervals. National performance has gotten better in four areas: improved general health and development of infants; increased mathematics achievement in grades 4 and 8; decline in student alcohol use; and a reduction in number of threats and violence in schools. However, one area has gotten worse: student drug use has increased. No discernible changes in national performance were detected in six areas, and in eight areas assessment of progress was not possible because of a lack of data. Sixteen exhibits and six tables summarize what is known of progress to date. Appendix A lists state progress on core indicators. Appendixes B and C contain technical notes and acknowledgements. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 144
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - National Education Goals Panel
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Drinking
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Indicators
KW  - Mathematics Achievement
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School Safety
KW  - Annual Reports
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Achievement Gains
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Parent Participation
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Drug Use
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62714477?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1993 report, see ED 360 394 (vol. 1), ED 3
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Joint Field Hearing on H.R. 6: Elementary and Secondary Education Act Reauthorization. Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the House Committee on Education and Labor and the Senate Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities of the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Providence, Rhode Island, October 4, 1993).
AN  - 62713440; ED375221
AB  - This document presents, as part of the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, witness testimony and prepared statements on the subject of professional development in the elementary and secondary school systems. Witnesses included Rhode Island (RI) elementary and secondary school principals and teachers, officials from the RI Department of Education, U.S. congressional members, and commissioners and superintendents of schools. Among the attendees were Daniel F. Casey, Superintendent of Schools for the Catholic Diocese of RI; elementary school principal Robert J. Britto; Edward Eddy, Chairman, Providence Blueprint for Education; Peter McWalters, Commissioner, RI, Department of Education; and Arthur Zarrella, Superintendent, Providence Public Schools. Prepared statements are also included from RI's U.S. Senator Claiborne Pell and Congressman Jack Reed. (GLR)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 86
PB  - Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160447763
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Teacher Improvement
KW  - Teacher Attitudes
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Administrator Attitudes
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62713440?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Reemployment and Training Act of 1994. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Labor of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate (March 16, 1994 and July 26, 1994).
AN  - 62712799; ED376378
AB  - This document contains testimony from two Senate hearings on the Reemployment and Training Act of 1994 by U.S. Secretary of Labor Robert B. Reich and other witnesses concerning the Act and the need for changes in the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act, which requires employers to notify employees of impending layoffs. According to Reich, the Reemployment and Training Act is a response to the problem of long-term unemployment and the need to retrain workers dislocated from older industries and prepare them for high-skills jobs in emerging industries. The Reemployment Act rests on four core principles: (1) universal access and program consolidation; (2) customer focus, giving workers a range of options and letting them choose the services they need to get the next job; (3) market-driven retraining; and (4) accountability. The Reemployment Act includes five titles. Title I establishes a comprehensive program for dislocated workers, regardless of the cause of dislocation. Title II establishes a program of income support for permanently dislocated workers while they are pursuing courses of retraining. Title III establishes a national program of grants and waivers to encourage and enable states to develop networks of one-stop career centers; Title IV establishes a national labor market information system to provide universal access to information about where the jobs are and the skills that the jobs require. Title V gives the Secretary of Labor authority to waive federal laws to empower states and localities to streamline job training programs for disadvantaged persons. Witnesses at the second hearing included the following: laid-off workers who testified about the need for retraining; officials of several job training programs who suggested what works in job retraining; and city officials, job training managers, and laid-off workers who testified about how the WARN Act works and how the legislation should be strengthened. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 70
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Retraining
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Adults
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Practices
KW  - Labor Needs
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Dislocated Workers
KW  - Employment Programs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62712799?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - A Teacher's Guide to Folklife Resources for K-12 Classrooms. Publications of the American Folklife Center, No. 19.
AN  - 62708247; ED377112
AB  - Designed to aid teachers in the classroom, this guide provides a list of materials recently prepared for the kindergarten through grade 12 classroom by folklorists and other cultural studies specialists in closely related fields and includes a selected list of agencies with established commitments to folklife programming. After a definition of folklife and a description of the American Folklife Center, a listing of 98 resources for folklife in education provide brief summaries, addresses, and ordering information. In addition, other resource items such as documentary videos and sound recordings are available through a list of 10 catalogs. A selected list of agencies with folklife programs includes: (1) six national programs; (2) five regional programs; and (3) 99 state and community-based programs. (CK)
AU  - Bartis, Peter
AU  - Bowman, Paddy
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 40
PB  - American Folklife Center, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-8100.
SN  - 084440814X
KW  - American Folklife Center
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Folk Culture
KW  - Regional Programs
KW  - Community Programs
KW  - Social Studies
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Cultural Education
KW  - Teaching Guides
KW  - Resource Materials
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62708247?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Preparing American Indian Students for the 21st Century. Hearing on S. 1150 To Improve Learning and Teaching by Providing a National Framework for Education Reform;...To Ensure Equitable Educational Opportunities and High Levels of Educational Achievement for All American Students; To Provide a Framework for Reauthorization....Hearing of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Santa Fe, New Mexico, August 21, 1993).
AN  - 62707321; ED377017
AB  - A Congressional hearing held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, received testimony on the Goals 2000: Educate America Act as it applies to American Indian education. The purpose of the hearing was to explore ways in which American Indians can participate as equal partners in the process of reaching national consensus on education reform, including the development of content and performance standards and an assessment mechanism. A representative of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) described how BIA schools are addressing the six national goals as well as two additional goals concerning Indian culture and language and school facilities. A representative of the Navajo Nation outlined the history and philosophy of Navajo education, described the six school systems serving Navajo students, and discussed Navajo educational goals and interest in reform, particularly the establishment of a "Department of T'aa Dine Education" to oversee Navajo education in a manner similar to a state department of education. Pueblo leaders and educators praised the national goals while pointing out how interpretation of the goals from an inappropriate perspective could be damaging to Indian students; discussed the danger of raising expectations without providing needed financial support; described needs for educational facilities and culturally sensitive teachers; and addressed the problem of culturally biased evaluation instruments driving the curriculum. (SV)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 41
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160458668
KW  - Bureau of Indian Affairs Schools
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Pueblo (People)
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Navajo (Nation)
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - American Indian Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62707321?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on H.R. 6: Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Tempe, AZ, October 16, 1993).
AN  - 62706189; ED377980
AB  - These transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), which since 1965 has provided the bulk of federal aid to elementary and secondary schools and related programs. Much of the testimony was from Arizona education officials, school administrators, teachers, civic leaders, and business people who voiced opinions about the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the ESEA, particularly those items that they would like to see expanded or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) United States Representatives from Arizona, Karan English and Jolene Unsoeld; (2) an elementary school principal; (3) a high school counselor; (4) the Arizona state administrator of vocational and technical education; (5) school district officials; (6) staff of the Scottsdale and Mesa chambers of commerce; (7) local education foundations; and (8) educators from the Dial and Motorola corporations. Correspondence and statistical materials from the Arizona Center for Vocational/Technological Education at Northern Arizona University are included. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 151
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160459486
KW  - Arizona
KW  - Chambers of Commerce
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Corporations
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - State Officials
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Corporate Support
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Superintendents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62706189?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-83. Some pages contain small print.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Improving America's Schools Act of 1994. Report To Accompany S. 1513 on Authorizing Appropriations To Extend for Six Years the Programs under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 Together with Additional and Minority Views. Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62705875; ED385341
AB  - In this report, the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources--to which Senate Bill 1513 was referred--recommends that the bill pass as amended, thereby clearing the way for reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 legislation, including Title 1. Title 1 funds have been a major factor in providing locally operated "compensatory" educational programs, as well as other educational programs. Renamed the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994, the legislation is designed to continue improvement of learning and teaching and also to realign federal educational policy and programs to achieve the educational objectives of the Goals 2000 bill. The report is divided into nine sections. The first 123 pages contain sections on: (1) introduction to and purpose of the legislation; (2) committee views; (3) tabulation of votes cast in committee; (4) cost estimate of the legislation; (5) regulatory impact statement; (6) section-by-section analysis of the bill; (7) additional views of Senator Dave Durenberger; and (8) minority views of Senator Dan Coats. Section 9, the remaining 457 pages, examines changes in existing law that would result from passage of this bill. (ET)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 582
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Improving Americas Schools Act 1994
KW  - Program Characteristics
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - At Risk Persons
KW  - Excellence in Education
KW  - Program Administration
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62705875?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - ESEA: Framework for Change. Hearings on S. 1513 Entitled "Improving America's Schools Act of 1993," and Related Bill, before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources and the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Washington, DC, March 2, 16, 18, 24, April 12, 14, 21, 26, and May 5, 1994; Chicago, IL, April 18, 1994).
AN  - 62705844; ED385340
AB  - These hearings transcripts present testimony regarding reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). "Chapter 1" of this legislation is a central part of federal education policy. Education is currently funded at about $7 billion a year; an additional $700 million, or 10 percent, is budgeted for the coming fiscal year. These hearings are in response to the Clinton Administration's proposal to reform, simplify, and refund the current funding program. The proposal is titled "The improving America's Schools Act in 1993." This reauthorization proposal is placed within an overall framework for educational reform and reflects the objectives of Goals 2000, raising standards for the education of all children. It also realigns the ESEA with state and local reform efforts in the Goals 2000 bill. Statements are divided into 10 areas: (1) Reauthorization of ESEA; (2) Current Status of Chapter 1; (3) New Directions for Chapter 1; (4) Professional Development: ESEA Reauthorization; (5) ESEA: School Libraries and Family Literacy; (6) ESEA Reauthorization School Improvement Programs: Focusing on What Works; (7) another section on ESEA Reauthorization; (8) Making the Transition to School: Early Childhood Programs and Parental Involvement; (9) Foreign Language Education in Elementary Schools; and (10) School Improvement Programs Focusing on What Works. These hearings include a statement from Secretary of Education, Richard Riley, on the proposed legislation. Early childhood education is specifically addressed in a 50-page section of the statement, in which representatives from: Headstart; PTA; National Association of State Boards of Education, Early Childhood Services; Youth Guidance; and other organizations aligned with education speak to the issues, in general supporting the "Improving America's Schools" proposal. (ET)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 718
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016044845X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Improving Americas Schools Act 1994
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - At Risk Persons
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Family Literacy
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Outcomes of Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62705844?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains many pages of small print.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on H.R. 6, Elementary and Secondary Education Act Reauthorization. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Vancouver, Washington, September 18, 1993).
AN  - 62705668; ED382299
AB  - These hearings transcripts record testimony given in Vancouver, Washington, on reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Ideas were solicited on ways the federal government could support local partnerships between the business and education communities. Prepared statements and transcripts of testimony are presented for the following individuals and organizations: (1) Randy Dorn, State Representative and Chair of the Washington State House Education Committee; (2) the director of Workforce Education and Agency Relations for the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, Olympia, Washington; (3) the director of the Hough Foundation; (4) the chair of Hewlett-Packard's K-12 Steering Committee; (5) the vice-president and editor of "The Columbian"; (6) the Vancouver School District Superintendent of Schools; (7) the manager of Vocational, Technical, and Career Education in the Evergreen School District, Vancouver; (8) a Vancouver mathematics teacher; (9) the president of the Battle Ground School Board; (10) the state executive director of the Citizen's Alliance of Washington; and (11) the resource coordinator for Vocational Education, Vancouver School District. The report concludes with a summary statement describing six competencies employers want future employees to demonstrate: work ethic, character history, people to people skills, thinking skills, communication skills, and mathematical skills. (SM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 107
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160441552
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - Washington
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - School Community Relationship
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Cooperative Programs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School Business Relationship
KW  - Employment Qualifications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62705668?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-44. Document contains small type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Federal Workforce Restructuring Act of 1993. Hearing on S. 1535 To Amend Title 5, United States Code, To Eliminate Narrow Restrictions on Employee Training, To Provide a Temporary Voluntary Separation Incentive, and For Other Purposes before the Committee on Governmental Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (October 19, 1993).
AN  - 62703377; ED382776
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony of witnesses who testified at a hearing on a proposed amendment to the Federal Workforce Restructuring Act of 1993. The amendment would spell out how the federal work force is to be reduced in size and would provide cash incentives for early retirement as well as make retraining of existing workers more feasible. Witnesses included Senators Glenn, Roth, Stevens, Sasser, Pryor, and Akaka, as well as several officials of the Office of Management and Budget and the Department of Defense. The witnesses generally supported the idea of the amendment but pointed out the need to ensure that new workers were not hired to replace each one who left and that top-level officials as well as lower supervisors and workers were chosen for early retirement or voluntary layoff. The text of the amendment is included in the document. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 81
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160448158
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Federal Workforce Restructuring Act 1993
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Retirement Benefits
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Early Retirement
KW  - Employment Practices
KW  - Reduction in Force
KW  - Government Employees
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62703377?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Machines That Make Books Talk.
AN  - 62702892; ED381913
AB  - This paper describes playback equipment provided by the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped's Talking Books program. The history of these machines is reviewed from 1933 to the present and includes activities during World War II, the introduction of flexible discs and cassettes, descriptions of a variety of machines (with photographs), and accessories. Opinions of users are summarized. The machine production process is also described from original conceptualization through determination of specifications, bid solicitation, building and testing of prototype and samples, ongoing manufacture of the product, and troubleshooting. Discussed in some detail is the contracting process for the manufacture of the machines and the inventory and maintenance processes implemented through machine-lending agencies around the country. One section looks at international cooperation in the exploration and standardization of future talking-book technology. Noted are current research efforts of the National Library Service which focus on the development of digital original mastering. Assumptions and requirements of a possible new talking-book system are listed. Some sections provide references. (DB)
AU  - Fitzpatrick, Vicki
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 21
KW  - National Library Service for the Blind
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - History
KW  - Research Projects
KW  - Talking Books
KW  - Audiotape Recordings
KW  - Blindness
KW  - Physical Disabilities
KW  - Library Networks
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62702892?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Photographs may not reproduce well.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Road to High-Performance Workplaces. A Guide to Better Jobs and Better Business Results.
AN  - 62702093; ED380641
AB  - This guide identifies selected workplace practices that individual businesses have used to become high performance work organizations. The guide, which is intended for managers, directors, labor leaders, workers, investors, and other individuals interesting in adopting high performance work practices, lays out the basic steps involved in transforming a business into a high performance work organization. The first section, which outlines the skills and information workers need to perform effectively in high performance organizations, pays special attention to the need for training and continuous learning and information sharing. The importance of employee participation, organizational structure, and worker-management partnerships is examined in the second section. Section 3 focuses on compensation linked to performance and skills, employment security, and a supportive work environment. The importance of integrating all of the high performance work organization mentioned into a coordinated organizational strategy rather than just adopting one or two practices is emphasized. Concluding the guide are a 4-page workplace practices checklist and a 47-item list of selected articles, books, studies reports, and other sources of information about high performance work practices. (MN)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 34
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160451582
KW  - High Performance Work Organizations
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Community
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Business Administration
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Organizational Development
KW  - Employment Practices
KW  - Employer Employee Relationship
KW  - Check Lists
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Work Environment
KW  - Organizational Climate
KW  - Organizational Change
KW  - Productivity
KW  - Personnel Management
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62702093?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see CE 068 590.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on Bilingual Education. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (July 22, 1993).
AN  - 62701659; ED373564
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education (ESE) Act, focusing on the English as a Second Language (ESL) and bilingual education provisions and implications of the act. Much of the testimony was from representatives, educators, and community leaders who voiced opinions about the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the Bilingual Education Act, a component of the ESE Act, particularly those items that they would like to see expanded, reformed, or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) Representatives Toby Roth, Jose Serrano, Xavier Becerra, Bill Emerson, and Gene Green; (2) the president of the National Association for Bilingual Education; (3) a researcher in bilingual education; (4) an ESL program consultant; (5) a university professor; (6) the president of Learning English Advocates Drive; (7) an advocate of teaching English to limited English proficient (LEP) students in regular classrooms; (8) a medical doctor who attended bilingual classes as a secondary school student; (9) an advocate of reforming the Bilingual Education Act to emphasize the learning of English; (10) the Rural Alliance for Newcomers in Midwestern Schools; and (11) an advocate of English immersion programs for LEP students. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 127
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160443741
KW  - Bilingual Education Act 1968
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Bilingual Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Community Leaders
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - English (Second Language)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701659?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-52.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - The Workers Technology Skills Development Act. Report Together with Additional Views To Accompany S. 1020. Senate, 103D Congress, 2d Session.
AN  - 62701373; ED381692
AB  - This document provides an overview and minority viewpoints on Senate Bill 1020. S. 1020 would authorize the Department of Labor to make grants to nonprofit organizations to research, identify, and develop new and advanced workplace technologies and practices to promote the improvements of workers' skills, wages, working conditions, and job security. These organizations would then, in turn, disseminate such information to workers, workers' organizations, employers, state industrial extension programs, and manufacturing technology centers and provide technical assistance to encourage the use of such technologies and practices in the workplace. The report includes information on the background and need for the legislation, history of the legislation and votes in committee, explanation of the bill and committee views, cost estimates, regulatory impact, and additional views. In addition, some senators conclude that the proposed legislation is illegal because it violates provisions of the National Labor Regulations Act against labor-management cooperation. They propose an amendment called the TEAM (Teamwork for Employees and Management) Act as an alternative. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 14
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Labor Legislation
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Labor Education
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Employer Employee Relationship
KW  - Economic Development
KW  - Compliance (Legal)
KW  - Labor Force Development
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701373?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Engineering, Scientific, and Related Occupations. Occupational Outlook Handbook Reprints. Bulletin 2450-3.
AN  - 62701252; ED382454
AB  - This document provides a description of engineering, scientific, and related occupations. Descriptions may include: (1) information on the nature of the work; (2) training required; (3) earnings; (4) job prospects, and (5) sources of additional information. Among the occupations described, the following job titles are included: Engineering, Science, and Data Processing Managers; Aerospace Engineers; Chemical Engineers; Mechanical Engineers; Nuclear Engineers; Biological and Medical Scientists; Chemists; Meteorologists; and Surveyors. (ZWH)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 33
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; New orders, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (No. 2450-3, $1.75; payment or GPO deposit account number must accompany the order; make checks or money orders payable to the Superintendent of Documents, if using VISA or Master Card, include card number and expiration date).
SN  - 016043050X
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Engineering
KW  - Science Careers
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Career Choice
KW  - Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701252?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on H.R. 6, School Safety, Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (June 22, 1993).
AN  - 62696830; ED374198
AB  - As part of its consideration of the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, the House Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education met to address the need to maintain schools as safe learning environments. The Safe Schools Act of 1993 had been introduced as the administration's effort to help deal with violence in the schools. The first speaker, Madeleine Kunin, Deputy Secretary of Education, described the Safe Schools Act. The Act would authorize $175 million in the first two years to be targeted to local education agencies with the greatest demonstrated needs. Additional statements were presented by (1) Bernard James, Professor of Law at Pepperdine University; (2) Michael Beard of the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence; (3) Douglas Holmes of the Fairfax County (Virginia) public schools; and (4) Susan Cooper, instructional aide in a Head Start program. Prepared statements of these speakers and other respondents are attached. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 74
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160446953
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Facilities Improvement
KW  - Urban Schools
KW  - School Security
KW  - School Safety
KW  - Violence
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62696830?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-70.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on H.R. 6 Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (New York, NY, October 18, 1993).
AN  - 62694548; ED373893
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education (ESA) Act, which since 1965 has provided the bulk of federal aid to elementary and secondary schools and related programs. Much of the testimony was from New York education officials, school administrators, community leaders, parents, and other interested individuals who voiced opinions about the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the ESA Act, particularly those items that they would like to see expanded or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) Assistant Commissioner for Nonpublic School Services, New York State Education Department for the New York State Commissioner of Education; (2) two school district superintendents; (3) the president of a local branch of the United Federation of Teachers; (4) the president of a New York City business-school partnership; (5) the chancellor of the New York City Board of Education; (6) the president of a school parents' organization; (7) the president of the School of Visual Arts; (8) the executive director of the New York State Mentoring Program on behalf of the chairperson of the New York State Mentoring Program; and (9) the executive director of the Education Priorities Panel. Following the testimonies are prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 114
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160443032
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - New York
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Community Leaders
KW  - State Officials
KW  - Parents
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Superintendents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62694548?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-49. Document contains small type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on H.R. 6: Elementary and Secondary Education Act Reauthorization. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Houston, TX, May 14, 1993).
AN  - 62693523; ED373878
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), which since 1965 has provided the bulk of federal aid to elementary and secondary schools and related programs. Much of the testimony was from Texas education officials, school administrators, and teachers who voiced opinions about the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the ESEA, particularly those items that they would like to see expanded or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) Representative Gene Green; (2) the deputy director of education policy in the governor's office; (3) the executive deputy commissioner for programs and instruction, Texas Education Agency; (4) the Texas commissioner of education; (5) an official from the Texas State Board of Education; (6) two school district superintendents; and (7) a Chapter 1 educator. (MDH)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 42
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160441781
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - Texas
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - State Officials
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Superintendents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62693523?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-46.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - The Sole Source.
AN  - 62691605; ED375835
AB  - The National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS), an arm of the Library of Congress, leads a highly successful national program to produce and distribute books and magazines for blind, visually impaired, and physically handicapped individuals. A fostering relationship exists between NLS and a network of 143 regional and local libraries that serve blind and handicapped readers directly. By developing and disseminating centralized policies and procedures at the national level, NLS is able to sustain a uniform quality of service throughout the library system. Each year NLS receives permission to reproduce, with no royalties charged, more than 2,000 book titles for loan. In addition, NLS has systematically developed a collection that provides access to some 220,000 recorded and embossed titles in 16 million copies for a variety of blind and handicapped users. Copyright clearance, which is vital for a program that reproduces so many titles, and cataloging are important features of the NLS approach: both cassette and flexible disc recordings can be used only with special playback equipment. NLS also has a role in the narrative reproduction or braille embossing of materials and the distribution of discs, cassettes, and playback equipment. The NLS serves as a resource for a clientele of extremely varied tastes and needs. (SLD)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 18
KW  - National Library Service for the Blind
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Audiotape Cassettes
KW  - Copyrights
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Blindness
KW  - Braille
KW  - Library Networks
KW  - User Needs (Information)
KW  - Library Administration
KW  - Floppy Disks
KW  - Audio Equipment
KW  - Books
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Centralization
KW  - Cataloging
KW  - Physical Disabilities
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62691605?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Library Resources for the Blind and Physically Handicapped: A Directory with FY 1993 Statistics on Readership, Circulation, Budget, Staff, and Collections.
AN  - 62691023; ED375857
AB  - The first part of this National Library Service (NLS) for the Blind and Physically Handicapped directory lists NLS network libraries and machine-lending agencies, arranged alphabetically by state. The information for each library includes its address, telephone number, librarian, hours of operation, book collection, assistive devices, special services, and publications. Other library resources at the national level are listed in the second part of the directory, arranged alphabetically by the name of the organization. Each entry indicates address, telephone number, contact person, eligibility requirements, book collection, subject coverage, reading levels, and distribution policy. Two appendices give NLS network library statistics for FY 1993 (October-September) on readership and circulation divided by medium (recorded disc, braille, and recorded cassette) and on budget, staff, and collections. (JLB)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 126
PB  - Reference Section, National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20542.
KW  - National Library Service for the Blind
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Library Statistics
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Library Collections
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Blindness
KW  - Assistive Devices (for Disabled)
KW  - Braille
KW  - Media Adaptation
KW  - Library Networks
KW  - Floppy Disks
KW  - Audiotape Recordings
KW  - Resource Centers
KW  - Physical Disabilities
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62691023?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For 1992 statistics, see ED 365 337.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on H.R. 3130: Improving America's School Act of 1993. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session. (September 23, 1993).
AN  - 62690748; ED375954
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the proposed Improving America's School (IAS) Act of 1993, which embodies the Clinton Administration's program for transforming the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Testimony was heard from U.S. Secretary of Education, Richard W. Riley, accompanied by Marshall Smith, Under Secretary of Education, and Tom Payzant, Assistant Secretary for Elementary and Secondary Education. Secretary Riley outlined the major points of the IAS Act, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to education that focuses on the student, family, school, and school system, and not simply on specific deficiencies. The Act emphasizes: (1) high standards for all children; (2) a focus on teaching and learning; (3) targeting resources to where needs are greatest; (4) flexibility coupled with greater accountability; and (5) linking schools, parents, and communities. Prepared statements and additional materials were presented by Secretary Riley; Representatives Eliot L. Engel, Gene Green, and Thomas C. Sawyer; and Mary Ann Smith, the coordinator of the National Writing Project. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 55
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160447356
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - School Community Relationship
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Accountability
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Parent School Relationship
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Academic Standards
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62690748?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-73.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearings on H.R. 6, Reauthorization of Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (May 13, 25, June 10 and 30, 1993).
AN  - 62688743; ED375949
AB  - These hearing transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Much of the testimony was from members of congress, educators, and representatives of education organizations concerning the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the Act, particularly those items that they would like to see expanded or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) Representatives Robert E. Andrews, Peter Hoagland, Donald M. Payne, Terry Everett, and Lynn C. Woolsey; (2) the director of the National Urban Alliance for Effective Schools; (3) the executive director of the Main Line Project Learning, Brookline School, Havertown, Pennsylvania; (4) a former congressman; (5) four school superintendents; (6) a program manager from the Pennsylvania Department of Education; (7) a senior researcher from SRI International; (8) two elementary school principals; (9) the dean of Montclair State College's School of Professional Studies; (10) three school district officials; (11) the president of the National Association of Migrant Education; (12) an official of the National Association of State Directors of Migrant Education; (13) an education consultant; and (14) the president of the American Federation of Teachers. (MDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 285
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160446511
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Migrant Programs
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Principals
KW  - Migrant Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Agencies
KW  - Advocacy
KW  - Hearings
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62688743?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-65. Document contains several pages
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - National Survey Results on Drug Use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1993. Volume 1, Secondary School Students.
AN  - 62687585; ED377431
AB  - This report summarizes a national survey of drug use and related attitudes among American secondary school students. All of its data came from an ongoing national research and reporting program entitled, "Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth." These surveys address two major topics: (1) the prevalence of drug use among American students in 8th, 10th, and 12th grades; and (2) drug use trends by those students. Distinctions were drawn among demographic subgroups, incidence of first use recorded, trends in use at lower grade levels, and intensity of drug use. Also included were key attitudes about illicit drug use--incorporating perceptions of the social environment--as potential explanatory factors. The research focused on frequent drug use rather than analyzing everyone who has ever used drugs. This strategy serves to differentiate levels of seriousness, or extent, of drug involvement. Survey results indicate that the last decade witnessed an appreciable decrease in the use of numerous illicit drugs among seniors. However, eighth-graders exhibited a significant increase in some drug use, such as marijuana, cocaine, and LSD. This latter evidence may indicate that younger cohorts have less opportunity to learn though informal means about the dangers of drugs. Two appendixes present the prevalence and trend estimates adjusted for absentees and dropouts, and definitions of background and demographic subgroups. (RJM)
AU  - Johnston, Lloyd D.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 361
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NIH-Pub-94-3809
KW  - Monitoring the Future
KW  - United States
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Drinking
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Substance Abuse
KW  - Grade 10
KW  - Surveys
KW  - Sociocultural Patterns
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Social Characteristics
KW  - Drug Use
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62687585?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For volume 2, see CG 025 854. For the 1975-1992 su
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Religion and the Public Schools: A Summary of the Law.
AN  - 62639279; ED387389
AB  - Intended to provide school officials an understanding of the legal aspects of common religious liberty and church-state questions in the public school context, this pamphlet attempts an objective summary of the current status of church-state law as it applies to the public schools. The document seeks to catalogue objectively the law as found in authoritative legal sources. Rather than citing all case law on a specific issue, where earlier decisions are subsumed or superseded by a controlling Supreme Court decision, the pamphlet cites only the Supreme Court precedent. Only when the document believes rulings are cast into doubt by subsequent developments or where the decisions themselves are unusually doubtful does it comment on the correctness of decisions/opinions cited. The document includes sections on the law regarding: prayer in school; teaching about religion; use of classroom space for religious activity; holiday observances; release time programs; physical facilities; dual enrollment; distribution of religious literature; baccalaureate services and graduation; scientific creationism; curriculum content; secular humanism; compulsory attendance and religious holidays; dress codes; vaccination requirements; and teachers' responsibilities and rights. The pamphlet concludes with a subject index for quick reference. Included is a separate December 1994 update citing and summarizing recent changes in the law on religion and the public schools. (LH)
AU  - Stern, Marc D.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 47
KW  - Religious Freedom
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Teacher Rights
KW  - Religion
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Creationism
KW  - School Prayer
KW  - Laws
KW  - Released Time
KW  - Dress Codes
KW  - Religious Holidays
KW  - Values Education
KW  - Teacher Responsibility
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - State Church Separation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62639279?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see SO 025 239.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Listen to Women in Literacy. The Power of Woman-Positive Literacy Work.
AN  - 62637265; ED396180
AB  - This book, which is written and designed for intermediate adult literacy students, relates selected outcomes of 12 "woman-positive" literacy and adult basic education programs that were sponsored/studied in different parts of Canada by the Canadian Congress for Learning Opportunities for Women (CCLOW). Part 1 discusses the mission of the CCLOW, the action-based research project during which the 12 literacy programs were conducted/studied, and the book's intended uses. Part 2 examines selected "woman-positive" actions/accomplishments of the 12 programs. Among the actions described are the following: giving women opportunities to talk to and help one another; visiting women in the community; developing a policy against sexual harassment; starting a women's committee; having women talk/write about their lives; making classes more feminist; developing resource booklets; and considering having the role of women in union-based literacy and coeducational literacy programs. Discussed in part 3 are the following findings of the exploratory study: several factors (violence, poverty, isolation, sex bias/discrimination) make literacy more difficult for women; literacy work is difficult but can be satisfying; and programs could be made more positive for women by starting woman-positive activities, ensuring that learning materials are realistic, and involving learners in decisions. (MN)
AU  - Atkinson, Tannis
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 92
PB  - Canadian Congress for Learning Opportunities for Women, 47 Main St., Toronto, Ontario M4E 2V6, Canada ($8 Canadian plus $2 postage).
KW  - Canada
KW  - Empowerment
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Womens Education
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Adult Basic Education
KW  - Beginning Reading
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Feminism
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Literacy Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637265?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Atkinson%2C+Tannis&rft.aulast=Atkinson&rft.aufirst=Tannis&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1895686385&rft.btitle=Listen+to+Women+in+Literacy.+The+Power+of+Woman-Positive+Literacy+Work.&rft.title=Listen+to+Women+in+Literacy.+The+Power+of+Woman-Positive+Literacy+Work.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (1966-2003)
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see CE 071 962-965; photogr
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Women in Literacy Speak. The Power of Woman-Positive Literacy Work.
AN  - 62637218; ED396182
AB  - This book contains 15 chapters that were written by women from 12 Canadian adult literacy and basic education programs who participated in an exploratory research project designed to document the process and results of woman-positive literacy work. The following sections are included: "Exploring the Concept of Woman-Positive within Learner-Centered Literacy Programs: A Program-Based Action Research Project" (Betty-Ann Lloyd); "We Formed a Women's Group at ALFA (Adult Literacy for Action)"; "Gender, Culture, and Personal Experiences that Get in the Way of Learning: The Need for Core Funding of Adult Literacy Projects" (Diane Eastman); "Taking Chances/Making Choices: Reflections on a Year of Woman-Positive Activity" (Debbie Heagy); "Gaining Confidence through Woman-Positive Literacy Research" (Nicole Jessop); "Union-based Literacy Programs Empower Women Workers When They Pay Attention to Women's Lives" (poster); "Uncovering Fear and Isolation in Rabbittown: A Woman-Positive Literacy Project" (Frances Ennis et al.); "Native Women Write Now"; "Taking Space for Woman-Positive Literacy Work" (Anne Moore); "Charting the Woman-Positive Ripples--A Journal of Discovery" (Karen Bergman-Illnik); list of 24 resource booklets produced by a correctional center in Saskatchewan; "I Believe Our Lives Are Woven Together Like a Spider Web" (LaVera Schiele); "The Politics of Talking: Doing 'Woman-Positive' in a Learner-Centred Literacy Program" (Marion Wells); "recipes" for political action; and "More than Semantics: Reflections on 'Feminist'/'Woman-Positive' Practices in a Literacy Classroom" (Paula Davies, Mary Ann Tierney). Contains a 77-item bibliography of works on women and education, research design and methodology, and feminist theory. (MN)
AU  - Lloyd, Betty-Ann
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 186
PB  - Canadian Congress for Learning Opportunities for Women, 47 Main St., Toronto, Ontario M4E 2V6, Canada ($15 Canadian plus $2 postage).
KW  - Canada
KW  - Empowerment
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Strategies
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - Indigenous Populations
KW  - Womens Education
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Action Research
KW  - Theory Practice Relationship
KW  - Functional Literacy
KW  - Classroom Techniques
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Adult Basic Education
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Political Socialization
KW  - Self Actualization
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Feminism
KW  - Literacy Education
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637218?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+Betty-Ann&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=Betty-Ann&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1895686377&rft.btitle=Women+in+Literacy+Speak.+The+Power+of+Woman-Positive+Literacy+Work.&rft.title=Women+in+Literacy+Speak.+The+Power+of+Woman-Positive+Literacy+Work.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (1966-2003)
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see CE 071 962-964.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - The Power of Woman-Positive Literacy Work. Program-Based Action Research.
AN  - 62626215; ED396181
AB  - The experiences of Canadian women in adult basic education and literacy (ABEL) were examined in a national research project during which 2 contact women from each of 12 ABEL programs across Canada spend one-half day each week "researching" their program's "woman-positive" activities and the consequences of those activities for staff, students, and their program as a whole. The 24 women spent their project time reflecting on their programs alone and with others, writing journals that were eventually sent to the project's coordinating researchers, and developing documentation of the personal, professional, political, and structural changes observed in their ABEL programs during the year-long research project. The 24 women represented a wide range of age groups (23-56 years old), educational levels (grade 12 to a postgraduate degree), and years of experience in adult basic education and literacy (1-20 years). The research revealed the diverse experiences of women in different ABEL programs in different parts of Canada, emphasized the difficulties in focusing attention on members of marginalized groups, highlighted the lack of information about literacy workers in Canada, and provided a model for program-based action research beginning with frontline workers' experiences. (Approximately 50% of this document is devoted to descriptions of the 12 programs studied. Contains 77 references.) (MN)
AU  - Lloyd, Betty-Ann
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 256
PB  - Canadian Congress for Learning Opportunities for Women, 47 Main St., Toronto, Ontario M4E 2V6, Canada ($18 Canadian plus $2 postage).
KW  - Canada
KW  - Empowerment
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Strategies
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Womens Education
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Action Research
KW  - Theory Practice Relationship
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Models
KW  - Adult Basic Education
KW  - Foreign Countries
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Change Agents
KW  - Literacy Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62626215?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+Betty-Ann&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=Betty-Ann&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=1895686369&rft.btitle=The+Power+of+Woman-Positive+Literacy+Work.+Program-Based+Action+Research.&rft.title=The+Power+of+Woman-Positive+Literacy+Work.+Program-Based+Action+Research.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (1966-2003)
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see CE 071 962-965.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Field Hearing on H.R. 6, Challenge for the Future: Educational Opportunities for California's Youth. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Los Angeles, California, October 4, 1993).
AN  - 62625840; ED387300
AB  - A House of Representatives subcommittee hearing addressed the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, focusing on Chapter 1 and bilingual education needs and services in California. Statements were received from legislators, Los Angeles educational administrators and teachers, teacher educators, early childhood providers, and representatives of migrant education programs and migrant and Mexican American advocacy groups. Testimony discussed the following topics: (1) state probation camps that provide rehabilitation and educational services for juvenile offenders; (2) the burden on California, and particularly Los Angeles, of educating large numbers of immigrant children with limited English proficiency; (3) the need for programs to help bilingual paraprofessionals and teacher aides become certified bilingual teachers; (4) need for coordination of education, health care, child care, and other services for poor children; (5) the Equal Access to Education Act of 1993, which seeks to expand Chapter 1 from supplementary basic skills instruction to schoolwide reform; (6) changes in the Chapter 1 funding formula; (7) concern that the proposed clustering of federal categorical program funds will exclude migrant students from services; (8) parent involvement and parent education; (9) recommendations for improving migrant education, related to alternative methods of student data collection, consortium agreements, summer program formula, and eligibility; (10) crime prevention and safety in schools; (11) EDUTRAIN, an alternative charter school for delinquent and high-risk students; and (12) problems in providing quality preschool and child care services in poor neighborhoods. (SV)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 85
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016046062X
KW  - California
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - High Risk Students
KW  - Migrant Education
KW  - Teacher Education
KW  - Immigrants
KW  - Bilingual Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Bilingual Teachers
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Delinquent Rehabilitation
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Disadvantaged
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Limited English Speaking
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62625840?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-89.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Financial Investigations. A Financial Approach to Detecting and Resolving Crimes. [Text], Instructor's Guide, and Student Workbook.
AN  - 62625682; ED385747
AB  - This packet contains a textbook, an instructor's guide, and a student workbook for a course on conducting financial investigations to detect and solve crimes. The topics covered in the 11 chapters of the textbook and the ancillaries are the following: (1) why financial investigation?; (2) laws related to financial crimes; (3) evidence; (4) sources of information; (5) financial institutions as sources of information; (6) tracing the movement of money through a business; (7) tracing funds using the direct method of proof; (8) tracing funds using indirect methods of proof; (9) planning, conducting, and recording an interview; (10) investigative techniques; and (11) money laundering and forfeitures. The text also contains responses to end-of-chapter questions, a glossary, and two appendixes listing selected sources of information and American Bankers Association numbers of cities and states and Federal Reserve districts. The instructor's guide provides materials for each chapter, including preparation requirements, instructor notes and presentation outline, and an appendix containing exercise feedback sheets, case studies, role-play scenarios, chapter transparencies, and supplemental chapter information. The guide also includes a bank of tests and quizzes. The student workbook contains supporting and supplemental materials to the textbook content including: introductions to each of the chapters, individual and group skill exercises, information sheets, case studies, and worksheets. (KC)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1162
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418305
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Students
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Crime Prevention
KW  - Course Content
KW  - Crime
KW  - Computer Security
KW  - Lesson Plans
KW  - Criminology
KW  - Units of Study
KW  - Test Items
KW  - Banking
KW  - Financial Audits
KW  - Criminals
KW  - Classroom Techniques
KW  - Evidence (Legal)
KW  - Learning Activities
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62625682?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - 1,162p.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Guidebook to Excellence 1994: A [National] Directory of Federal Resources for Mathematics and Science Education Improvement.
AN  - 62573453; ED407210
AB  - The purpose of this directory is to assist educators, parents, and students in attaining the National Education Goals, particularly Goal 4: "By the year 2000, U.S. students will be first in the world in science and mathematics achievement." The guidebook describes programs, along with contact information, that assist students who will go on to study in college or technical school, as well as programs to improve general mathematical and scientific literacy. The directory is divided into three sections. Section One: Agency Overviews contains general information about each of the 16 federal agencies that collaborated with the Eisenhower National Clearinghouse to produce this publication. Each agency highlights its involvement in mathematics and science education and acquaints the reader with agency-specific background information. Section Two: National Programs for Elementary and Secondary Education features nationwide agency-sponsored mathematics and science programs. Each program entry includes the program name, a brief program description, and contact information. Section Three: State Highlights lists, within state and territory groupings, agency resources that are available at the local level. The document concludes with an index of teacher programs; student programs; comprehensive programs; evaluation, dissemination, and technical assistance programs; and educational technology programs. (MKR)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 277
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (while supplies last).
SN  - 0160431425
KW  - Dwight D Eisenhower Math and Science Educ Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Parents
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Teachers
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Science Curriculum
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Mathematics Curriculum
KW  - Resource Materials
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Mathematics Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62573453?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related directories, see SE 055 750-759.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Children and Gun Violence. Hearings on S. 1087, a Bill To Amend Title 18, United States Code, To Prohibit the Possession of a Handgun or Ammunition by, or the Private Transfer of a Handgun or Ammunition to, a Juvenile, before the Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, 103rd Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62551966; ED403501
AB  - This transcript contains the following: (1) statements of several Committee Members; (2) text of the proposed legislation; (3) a list of witnesses; and (4) statements, testimony, and supporting documents submitted by the witnesses. Numerous laypersons and professionals have their testimonies recorded, giving statements in support of and in opposition to passage of the bill. Witnesses include politicians, educators, police officials, medical professionals, National Rifle Association representatives, and religious figures. Includes a booklet prepared by the Center to Prevent Handgun Violence, newspaper clippings, and charts (U.S. & Wisconsin Juvenile Weapons and Murder Arrests; Age and Race Specific Arrest Rates for Selected Offenses, 1965-88; etc.). (MSF)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 199
PB  - Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160439280
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Guns
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Gun Control
KW  - Children
KW  - Violence
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62551966?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial J-103-18
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Murals Reflecting Prevention.
AN  - 62237977; ED456372
AB  - This document is used in a collaborative project that engages children and adolescents in alcohol, tobacco, and drug prevention activities through the arts. The project offers an innovative teaching resource that uses the universal language of the arts for drug prevention. By creating murals with drug prevention themes, elementary and secondary school students can engage in a fun activity that fosters cooperation and critical thinking, and encourages creative expression. The packet contains background information to assist teachers in conducting the Murals Reflection project. The project is designed to be used as part of an anti-drug education program and can be used in any youth serving setting. Suggestions are provided for involving parents, families, and communities in the program. Complete kit includes 10-minute video explaining the program and illustrating how murals were created in several classrooms. (JDM)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 29
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - Murals
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Drinking
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Critical Thinking
KW  - Videotape Recordings
KW  - Art Expression
KW  - Children
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Theater Arts
KW  - Art Therapy
KW  - Drug Education
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62237977?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Accompanying 10-minute videotape not available thr
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - CPAPER
T1  - African Workers' Participation Development Programme -- Developing Strategy and Approach for Education
T2  - International Sociological Association
AN  - 61732791; 94S27324
AB  - Considers the crisis of Africa's political economies & its impact on trade union rights, drawing largely on material from the African Workers' Participation Development Programme & other trade union documents. It is proposed that workers' participation can contribute to the overall development of the trade union movement & to the expansion of trade union activity into new areas, thus enhancing workers' autonomy. Opposition to workers' participation by neoliberalism is acknowledged, along with major practical problems of implementation that would involve significant social struggles. Emergent priorities for education & training are discussed.
JF  - International Sociological Association
AU  - Adu-Amankwah, K
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
KW  - workers' participation, trade union movement development, Africa
KW  - documentary data
KW  - Worker Participation
KW  - Unions
KW  - Africa
KW  - Political Economy
KW  - Labor Movements
KW  - proceeding
KW  - 0621: complex organization; jobs, work organization, workplaces, & unions
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LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2009-03-10
N1  - Publication note - 1994
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Strategies for Work with Involuntary Clients
AN  - 61467663; 199504908
JF  - Social Work in Health Care
AU  - Congress, Elaine P
AU  - Congress, Elaine P
AD  - Fordham U
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
SP  - 123
EP  - 127
VL  - 20
IS  - 2
SN  - 0098-1389, 0098-1389
KW  - article
KW  - 6150: social welfare
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LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-05-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Edition date: 1992.
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Frida, Foucault and Ecriture Feminine
AN  - 61347326; 9501051
AB  - Two readings of Frida Kahlo's painting Tree of Hope, Stand Fast (1964) are contrasted. The first is through French feminist philosopher Helene Cixous, whose work is concerned with feminine body & desire, & the feminine body's creativity. Interpreting the painting through Cixous, Frida becomes a feminine subject celebrating the truth of her embodiment, a visual example of ecriture feminine (feminine writing). The second (preferred) reading is through Michel Foucault, whose work is concerned with the nature & operation of power in society. Through Foucault's philosophy, Frida as a feminine subject makes herself through her painting. Frida contributes to the idealized femininity through her pursuit of that ideal. Foucault's reading gives the artist recognition for real creative activity. 9 References. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Journal of Gender Studies
AU  - Shera, Peta Allen
AD  - Australian Film/TV/Radio School, GPO Box 126 North Ryde New South Wales 2113
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
SP  - 139
EP  - 144
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
SN  - 0958-9236, 0958-9236
KW  - feminine subject, Freida Kahlo's Tree of Hope, Stand Fast painting, Helene Cixous's/Michel Foucault's readings
KW  - Art
KW  - Foucault, Michel
KW  - Feminism
KW  - article
KW  - 1331: sociology of language and the arts; sociology of art (creative & performing)
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LA  - English
DB  - Sociological Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2007-04-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - CODEN - JGESEH
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Foucault, Michel; Feminism; Art
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The administration's crop insurance proposal: hearing, May 11, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1050
AN  - 59717977; 1995-1212940
AB  - Examines proposed legislation combining crop insurance with disaster insurance, and eliminating the need for ad hoc disaster bills.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+90 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+90
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160475163
KW  - Disaster relief -- United States
KW  - United States -- Federal crop insurance corporation
KW  - United States -- Agricultural sector
KW  - Disaster insurance -- United States
KW  - Agricultural insurance -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047516-3) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Miscellaneous farm-related tax proposals: hearing, October 5, 1994, on S. 226 [and other bills]
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1025
AN  - 59715595; 1995-1008610
AB  - On tax bills related to the estate tax, treatment of disaster-related income, farmer cooperatives, environmental compliance by farmers, retirement saving, and export companies.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+85 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+85
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016047079X
KW  - Agriculture, Cooperative -- Tax aspects
KW  - Trading companies -- Tax aspects
KW  - United States -- Tax policy
KW  - Inheritance and transfer tax -- United States
KW  - Agriculture -- Tax aspects
KW  - Retirement income -- Tax aspects
KW  - United States -- Agricultural policy
KW  - Agriculture -- Subsidies
KW  - Farm income -- Tax aspects
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047079-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Making the Pentagon accountable: financial problems and progress: hearing, July 12, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-934
AN  - 59704277; 1995-1004780
AB  - Examines Defense Department progress in improving financial management practices, required under the Chief Financial Officers Act.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+379 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+379
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160466660
KW  - Administrative responsibility -- United States
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Defenses -- Finance
KW  - Government accounting -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defense department
KW  - Cost control
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046666-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Domestic oil and gas: tax proposals to increase production: hearing, March 14, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-971
AN  - 59701469; 1995-1004770
AB  - Tax credits for marginal production and new production, expensing geological and geophysical costs, and other measures to counter falling petroleum prices and unemployment in the energy sector.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+183 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+183
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160467772
KW  - Natural gas -- Tax aspects
KW  - Tax credits -- United States
KW  - Petroleum industry -- Tax aspects
KW  - Petroleum industry -- Supply and demand
KW  - Tax expenditures -- United States
KW  - United States -- Energy sector
KW  - Petroleum industry -- Prices
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046777-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The condition of the bank and thrift industries: hearing, September 22, 1994, on current developments in the area of the financial structure and the need to identify potential future problems such as derivatives, disparities in bank and thrift insurance premiums, capital regulations for insurance rate risk, and other issues
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-907
AN  - 59701135; 1995-0907340
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+312 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+312
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160471214
KW  - Thrift institutions -- United States
KW  - Banking insurance -- Rates and tables
KW  - United States -- Federal deposit insurance corporation
KW  - Banking -- United States
KW  - United States -- Banking sector
KW  - Financial intermediaries -- United States
KW  - Banking -- Guaranty of deposits
KW  - Thrift institutions -- Guaranty of deposits
KW  - Derivative securities -- Marketing -- Regulation
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047121-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Medical malpractice and antitrust issues in health care reform: hearing, May 12, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-848
AN  - 59700585; 1995-1010340
AB  - Examines impact of medical malpractice reforms and antitrust law on health care costs.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+295 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+295
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160469880
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Trusts, Industrial -- United States
KW  - Medical malpractice insurance -- Costs
KW  - Law reform -- United States
KW  - Medical profession -- Malpractice
KW  - United States -- Health policy
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046988-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Proposed constitutional amendments to balance the federal budget: floor action and committee hearings for the 103d Congress; a legislative history
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-112 Com. print
AN  - 59699030; 1995-0513510
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. xiii+2383 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xiii+2383
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160467438
KW  - United States -- Constitutional history
KW  - Legislative research -- United States
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Deficit financing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046743-8) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 2467, GATT implementing legislation: hearings, October 4-November 15, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-823
AN  - 59697188; 1995-0911390
AB  - Issues relating to US adhesion to the Uruguay round agreements and the World Trade Organization (WTO).
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+536 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+536
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016046160X
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - World trade organization
KW  - General agreement on tariffs and trade
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B536&rft.isbn=016046160X&rft.btitle=S.+2467%2C+GATT+implementing+legislation%3A+hearings%2C+October+4-November+15%2C+1994&rft.title=S.+2467%2C+GATT+implementing+legislation%3A+hearings%2C+October+4-November+15%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046160-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Retirement Protection Act of 1993: hearing, June 15, 1994, on S. 1780
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1012
AN  - 59696847; 1995-0512970
AB  - Examines proposed legislation to strengthen pension funding requirements, with special reference to defined benefit plans insured by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC).
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+152 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+152
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160469422
KW  - Pension benefit guaranty corporation
KW  - Retirement income -- United States
KW  - Employees' benefit plans -- United States
KW  - Industrial pensions -- Finance
KW  - Pension funds and funding -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Social policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B152&rft.isbn=0160469422&rft.btitle=Retirement+Protection+Act+of+1993%3A+hearing%2C+June+15%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+1780&rft.title=Retirement+Protection+Act+of+1993%3A+hearing%2C+June+15%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+1780&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046942-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Briefing on results of the Nuclear Posture Review: hearing, September 22, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-870
AN  - 59692679; 1995-0512350
AB  - Findings and policy recommendations of the Clinton administration's assessment of US atomic weapons, strategic forces, and supporting infrastructure.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+60 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+60
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463734
KW  - Atomic warfare -- Strategy
KW  - United States -- Armed forces
KW  - Atomic weapons -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defenses
KW  - Military planning -- United States
KW  - Deterrence (strategy) -- United States
KW  - United States -- Military policy
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046373-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. private savings crisis: long-term economic implications and options for reform: hearing, December 7, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1029
AN  - 59692008; 1995-0802040
AB  - Focuses on the decline of private savings and the threat posed to the ability of individuals to live comfortably in their retirement.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+101 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+101
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160471028
KW  - Retirement income -- United States
KW  - Personal finance -- United States
KW  - Saving -- United States
KW  - United States -- Economic conditions
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047102-8) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - United States dual-use exports to Iraq and their impact on the health of the Persian Gulf war veterans: hearing, May 25, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-900
AN  - 59690849; 1995-0704010
AB  - "Gulf War syndrome" illnesses affecting US veterans possibly caused by Iraqi chemical or biological weapons developed using US-manufactured items exported under Commerce Department licenses.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+551 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+551
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160470692
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval -- Iraq
KW  - Iraq -- Commerce -- United States
KW  - Persian gulf conflict, 1991
KW  - Biological weapons -- Export-import trade
KW  - Chemical weapons -- Export-import trade
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs
KW  - United States -- Commerce -- Iraq
KW  - Munitions -- Export-import trade
KW  - Veterans -- Health
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047069-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Work and Responsibility Act of 1994: hearing, July 13, 1994, on S. 2224
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1017
AN  - 59690662; 1995-0703340
AB  - Examines proposed legislation to reduce the number of people on public welfare; higher minimum wage, child support enforcement, affordable child care, reduction of teen pregnancies, and other recommendations.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+56 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+56
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160470722
KW  - Poor -- United States
KW  - Poverty relief
KW  - Child support -- United States
KW  - Teenage pregnancy -- United States
KW  - Public welfare -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Family allowances -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047072-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Questionable disaster payments: $92 million paid for losses in 9 states, 1988-93: report, August 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-103 Com. print
AN  - 59690144; 1995-0403490
AB  - Identifies counties and vegetable/fruit crops that received excessive payments relative to the value of production; whether misuse of the disaster program is a nationwide problem; recommendations. Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas; crops involved were cantaloupes, blueberries, cucumbers, peaches, squash, tomatoes, turnip greens, and watermelons.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+14 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+14
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160464226
KW  - Agricultural products -- United States
KW  - Southern states -- Agricultural sector
KW  - United States -- Agricultural policy
KW  - Agricultural insurance -- United States
KW  - Disaster relief -- United States -- Southern states
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046422-6)
N1  - Document feature - table(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Oversight of the reformulated gasoline rule: hearing, April 22, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-828
AN  - 59687303; 1995-0706470
AB  - Examines the Dec. 14, 1993 Clean Air rule relating to specifications for reformulated gasoline, and softening of the rule for Venezuela by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+122 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+122
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462096
KW  - Venezuela -- Economic relations -- United States
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Exhaust
KW  - Petroleum industry -- Export-import trade
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Fuel -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Air pollution -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- Venezuela
KW  - United States -- Environmental protection agency
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046209-6) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Special 301 trade remedy: hearing, June 24, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1027
AN  - 59686351; 1995-1008500
AB  - To examine implementation of the law which protects intellectual property rights by citing countries which pirate US movies, music, literature, software, and inventions. Focus on China, India, and Argentina; relationship of the law to GATT.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+47 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+47
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160470781
KW  - Copyright -- International aspects
KW  - Property, Intellectual -- International aspects
KW  - Patents -- International aspects
KW  - General agreement on tariffs and trade
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B47&rft.isbn=0160470781&rft.btitle=Special+301+trade+remedy%3A+hearing%2C+June+24%2C+1994&rft.title=Special+301+trade+remedy%3A+hearing%2C+June+24%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047078-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Legislative line-item veto proposals: hearing, October 5, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-992
AN  - 59685480; 1995-0503780
AB  - Bills on the balance of presidential and congressional powers over appropriations and expenditures; impoundment, rescissions, separate enrollment, and presidential veto.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. viii+1569 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+1569
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160468671
KW  - Executive-legislative relations -- United States
KW  - Separation of powers -- United States
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - United States -- President -- Veto
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=viii%2B1569&rft.isbn=0160468671&rft.btitle=Legislative+line-item+veto+proposals%3A+hearing%2C+October+5%2C+1994&rft.title=Legislative+line-item+veto+proposals%3A+hearing%2C+October+5%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046867-1) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Proposed constitutional amendments to balance the federal budget: floor action and committee hearings for the 102d Congress; a legislative history
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. Print 103-92 Com. print
AN  - 59684593; 1995-0503790
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. xi+2111 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xi+2111
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463718
KW  - United States -- Constitutional history
KW  - Legislative research -- United States
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Deficit financing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046371-8) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Proposed constitutional amendments to balance the federal budget: floor action and committee hearings for the 100th Congress; a legislative history
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-95 Com. print
AN  - 59684193; 1995-0300930
AB  - 1987-88.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. viii+1412 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+1412
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160464366
KW  - United States -- Constitutional history
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Legislative research -- United States
KW  - Deficit financing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=viii%2B1412&rft.isbn=0160464366&rft.btitle=Proposed+constitutional+amendments+to+balance+the+federal+budget%3A+floor+action+and+committee+hearings+for+the+100th+Congress%3B+a+legislative+history&rft.title=Proposed+constitutional+amendments+to+balance+the+federal+budget%3A+floor+action+and+committee+hearings+for+the+100th+Congress%3B+a+legislative+history&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046436-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Teenage pregnancy: special hearings
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-818
AN  - 59684128; 1995-0206350
AB  - Examines causes of the increase in births to unmarried females aged 15 to 19 years old; role of the US government in finding programs to address the problem.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+221 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+221
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160461766
KW  - Teenage pregnancy -- United States
KW  - Single parents -- United States
KW  - Social service -- Work with youth
KW  - United States -- Social policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B221&rft.isbn=0160461766&rft.btitle=Teenage+pregnancy%3A+special+hearings&rft.title=Teenage+pregnancy%3A+special+hearings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046176-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Ecosystem management: status and potential: summary of a workshop convened by the Congressional Research Service, March 24-25, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-98 Com. print
AN  - 59683782; 1995-0306920
AB  - Federal role, focusing on the legal and institutional framework, executive branch policies and activities, and intergovernmental coordination; includes case studies. Prepared by the Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. viii+331 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+331
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160464234
KW  - United States -- Executive departments
KW  - Conservation of resources -- United States
KW  - Intergovernmental relations -- United States
KW  - Ecosystems -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - Ecology -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=viii%2B331&rft.isbn=0160464234&rft.btitle=Ecosystem+management%3A+status+and+potential%3A+summary+of+a+workshop+convened+by+the+Congressional+Research+Service%2C+March+24-25%2C+1994&rft.title=Ecosystem+management%3A+status+and+potential%3A+summary+of+a+workshop+convened+by+the+Congressional+Research+Service%2C+March+24-25%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046423-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The federal meat inspection program: hearings, February 10-August 12, 1994, on review activities of the federal meat inspection program; review of USDA's "zero tolerance" meat inspection policy; review of the administration's proposed legislation on meat and poultry inspection
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-728
AN  - 59683093; 1995-0311200
AB  - Examines problems associated with meat, and what still needs to be done to ensure an effective food safety system for consumers.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+238 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+238
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160466075
KW  - Food safety -- Regulation
KW  - Poultry industry -- Inspection
KW  - Food contamination and inspection -- United States
KW  - Meat industry -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Meat industry -- Inspection
KW  - United States -- Agriculture department
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046607-5) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Tax expenditures: compendium of background material on individual provisions, December 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-101 Com. print
AN  - 59682988; 1995-0308850
AB  - Estimates the revenue cost, the legal authorization for, description, impact, rationale, and assessment of each of 127 federal tax provisions. Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. xi+556 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xi+556
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463548
KW  - Income tax -- United States
KW  - United States -- Tax policy
KW  - Tax expenditures -- United States
KW  - Corporate income tax -- United States
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046354-8) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Proposed constitutional amendments to balance the federal budget: floor action and committee hearings for the 101st Congress; a legislative history
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Com. print S. print 103-94
AN  - 59682774; 1995-0213130
AB  - 1989-90.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. xi+897 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xi+897
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016046370X
KW  - United States -- Constitutional history
KW  - Budget, Government
KW  - Legislative research -- United States
KW  - Deficit financing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments
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DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046370-X) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Department of Defense response to Persian Gulf illness: hearing, September 29, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-867
AN  - 59682614; 1995-0307950
AB  - Research on and treatment of medical symptoms attributed to the so-called Persian Gulf war syndrome among active duty service men and veterans.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+47 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+47
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463572
KW  - Persian gulf conflict, 1991 -- Casualties
KW  - Veterans, Disabled -- Health
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs
KW  - Veterans, Disabled -- Medical care
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in the Middle East
KW  - Veterans -- Health
KW  - Medical research -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defense department
KW  - Medicine, Military -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046357-2) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health care fraud: hearing
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-817
AN  - 59682371; 1995-0305240
AB  - Examines instances of waste and abuse in the health care system by providers and clients, focusing on Medicare and Medicaid.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+109 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+109
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160461596
KW  - Insurance -- Fraudulent claims
KW  - Medicaid program -- United States
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Medicare -- United States
KW  - Medical service -- United States
KW  - Health insurance -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046159-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Social Security earnings test: hearing, May 24, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-641
AN  - 59682310; 1995-0305710
AB  - Considers the costs and effects of lifting the earnings limitation on workers eligible for Social Security retirement benefits, under penalty of high taxation on excess earnings.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+88 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+88
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016046305X
KW  - Employment -- Old age
KW  - Old age pensions -- United States
KW  - Age and employment -- United States
KW  - Social insurance -- United States
KW  - Retirement income -- Taxation
KW  - Social and economic security -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social policy
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046305-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Policy concerning homosexuality in the armed forces: hearings, March 29-July 22, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-845
AN  - 59682157; 1995-0213140
AB  - Review of law and regulations barring gay men and lesbians from military service and considering homosexual acts a criminal offense under the Uniform Code of Military Justice.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+1075 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+1075
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462886
KW  - United States -- Armed forces
KW  - Discrimination against gays and lesbians -- United States
KW  - Lesbians -- Military service
KW  - United States -- Military policy
KW  - Gays -- Military service
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Military law -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046288-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Persian Gulf war veterans' compensation and other pending legislation: hearing, September 14, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-829
AN  - 59681654; 1995-0307960
AB  - Focus on compensation for undiagnosed illness relating to military service in the 1991 Persian Gulf conflict.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+135 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+135
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462681
KW  - Veterans, Disabled -- Benefits
KW  - Persian gulf conflict, 1991 -- Casualties
KW  - Veterans -- Benefits
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs
KW  - Veterans, Disabled -- Health
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in the Middle East
KW  - Medicine, Military -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046268-1) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health insurance market reform: hearing, February 1, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-838
AN  - 59681411; 1995-0307770
AB  - Universality in health care coverage, cost control, mandatory coverage, and application of differential rates according to health and age differences. Some focus on HMOs.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+138 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+138
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462533
KW  - Health maintenance organizations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Medical service -- United States
KW  - Insurance -- Rates and tables
KW  - Cost control
KW  - Health insurance -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B138&rft.isbn=0160462533&rft.btitle=Health+insurance+market+reform%3A+hearing%2C+February+1%2C+1994&rft.title=Health+insurance+market+reform%3A+hearing%2C+February+1%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046253-3) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - A bill to establish a new study process for proposed additions to the National Park Service and a Forest Service land transfer bill: hearing, May 5, 1994, on S. 471 and S. 528
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-748
AN  - 59681372; 1995-0303330
AB  - Transfer of Forest Service lands to Lincoln county, Montana, for use as a landfill.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+41 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+41
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459370
KW  - Montana -- Environmental policy
KW  - United States -- National park service
KW  - Sanitary landfills -- United States -- Montana
KW  - Land tenure -- United States
KW  - United States -- Forest service
KW  - Land utilization -- United States -- Montana
KW  - Public lands -- Administration
KW  - Parks, National -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B41&rft.isbn=0160459370&rft.btitle=A+bill+to+establish+a+new+study+process+for+proposed+additions+to+the+National+Park+Service+and+a+Forest+Service+land+transfer+bill%3A+hearing%2C+May+5%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+471+and+S.+528&rft.title=A+bill+to+establish+a+new+study+process+for+proposed+additions+to+the+National+Park+Service+and+a+Forest+Service+land+transfer+bill%3A+hearing%2C+May+5%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+471+and+S.+528&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045937-0)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. policy toward Haiti: hearing, June 28, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-739
AN  - 59680562; 1994-1202133
AB  - Issues surrounding restoration of democracy, the return of President Aristide, and the process of rebuilding the Haitian nation.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+106 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+106
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016045901X
KW  - Haiti -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Haiti
KW  - Democracy -- Haiti
KW  - Aristide, Jean-Bertrand
KW  - Intervention (international law)
KW  - Military government -- Haiti
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B106&rft.isbn=016045901X&rft.btitle=U.S.+policy+toward+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+June+28%2C+1994&rft.title=U.S.+policy+toward+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+June+28%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045901-X) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Endangered Species Act amendments of 1993: hearings: pt. 2, June 15-September 29, 1994, on S. 921, a bill to reauthorize and amend the Endangered Species Act for the conservation of threatened and endangered species, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-768, pt. 2
AN  - 59680359; 1995-0211330
AB  - Whether original purposes of the Act continue to be valid, how well it has functioned in achieving its goals, and what administrative or legislative changes are appropriate.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+491 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+491
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462320
KW  - Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Endangered species -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation
KW  - Nature conservation -- United States -- Legislation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B491&rft.isbn=0160462320&rft.btitle=Endangered+Species+Act+amendments+of+1993%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+2%2C+June+15-September+29%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+921%2C+a+bill+to+reauthorize+and+amend+the+Endangered+Species+Act+for+the+conservation+of+threatened+and+endangered+species%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Endangered+Species+Act+amendments+of+1993%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+2%2C+June+15-September+29%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+921%2C+a+bill+to+reauthorize+and+amend+the+Endangered+Species+Act+for+the+conservation+of+threatened+and+endangered+species%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046232-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), il(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. military operations in Somalia: hearings, May 12 and 21, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-846
AN  - 59679594; 1995-0302530
AB  - US mission in support of the UN peacekeeping operation, or UNOSOM II, with emphasis on the Task Force Ranger raid in Mogadishu, Oct. 3-4, 1993. Events surrounding failed attempt to seize Somali warlord Mohammed Farah Aideed, resulting in the loss of 18 US soldiers.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+141 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+141
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462703
KW  - Peacekeeping forces -- Somalia
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in Somalia
KW  - United Nations -- Armed forces -- Forces in Somalia
KW  - Somalia -- Government and politics
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Special forces
KW  - Somalia -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Somalia
KW  - United Nations -- United States
KW  - Intervention (international law)
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Implementation of DOE's alternative fuel vehicle and fleet programs: hearing, June 17, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-825
AN  - 59679552; 1995-0302790
AB  - On rationalizing and coordinating programs of the Department of Energy with those of the Environmental Protection Agency and the General Services Administration. Refers to government fleets.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+132 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+132
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462088
KW  - Renewable energy sources -- United States
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Fuel -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Motor vehicles, Electric -- United States
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Exhaust -- Regulation
KW  - Fuel, Synthetic -- United States
KW  - Motor transport -- United States
KW  - United States -- Energy department
KW  - Motor vehicles, Government -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal courthouses: are we overbuilding? hearing, May 4, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-769
AN  - 59679002; 1995-0105430
AB  - Examines the government's courthouse construction program, its efficiency, cost estimates, and renovation projects, focusing on issues that contribute to government waste and erode the confidence of taxpayers.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+75 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+75
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460239
KW  - Efficiency, Administrative -- United States
KW  - Courthouses -- United States
KW  - Waste (economics)
KW  - Public buildings -- Maintenance and repair
KW  - Public buildings -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Public sector
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Whistleblower issues in the nuclear industry: hearing, July 15, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-521
AN  - 59678690; 1994-0811652
AB  - Need for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to take enforcement action and to protect atomic power plant employees who report unsafe conditions.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+239 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+239
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160442621
KW  - Whistle blowing -- United States
KW  - Atomic power plants -- Regulation
KW  - Nuclear reactors -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Nuclear regulatory commission
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044262-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Earthquake supplemental: hearing, [February 3, 1994]
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-830
AN  - 59678334; 1995-0204210
AB  - On the consequences of the Jan. 17, 1994 Los Angeles earthquake and the funding of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) disaster aid.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+69 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+69
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462142
KW  - Earthquakes -- United States -- California
KW  - Los Angeles, California -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Disaster relief -- United States -- California
KW  - United States -- Housing and urban development department
KW  - United States -- Federal emergency management agency
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Women in prison: programs and alternatives: hearing, June 29, 1993, on S. 1158, a bill to authorize the National Institute of Corrections to make grants to states to carry out family unity demonstration projects, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-20 S. hearing 103-668
AN  - 59678156; 1994-1109907
AB  - Whether correctional systems have responded adequately to needs of female offenders; sex discrimination; policy recommendations. Focus on disparity of care and services available to male and female prisoners, medical treatment and counseling for pregnant inmates, and alternative programs for female inmates with dependent children.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+145 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+145
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448727
KW  - Social service -- Work with women prisoners
KW  - Prisons -- United States
KW  - Discrimination against women -- United States
KW  - Female offenders -- Legal status, laws, etc.
KW  - Prisoners -- Medical care
KW  - Women prisoners -- United States
KW  - Pregnancy -- United States
KW  - Correction (penology) -- United States
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044872-7) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Regulation of human tissue transplantation: hearing, September 29, 1992, on S. 2908, to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide reasonable assurances that human tissue intended for transplantation is safe and effective, and for other purposes
T2  - 102d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 102-1161
AN  - 59677610; 1994-1108804
AB  - Aims to develop a single regulatory mechanism.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+146 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+146
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446147
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Donation of organs, tissues, etc. -- United States
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. -- Regulation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044614-7) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hubble space telescope: special hearing, [February 8, 1994]
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-831
AN  - 59677500; 1995-0302910
AB  - Lessons learned from the mission to service and repair the Hubble.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+19 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+19
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462150
KW  - Space research and technology -- United States
KW  - Space telescopes -- United States
KW  - United States -- National aeronautics and space administration
KW  - Astronomy
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046215-0)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Investigation of the federal courthouse construction program: majority staff report, December 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-100 Com. print
AN  - 59677433; 1995-0210460
AB  - Examines project activities from 1980 to 1994, focusing on uncontrolled and excessive spending, role of federal judges in the design of courthouses, waste, and other issues; recommendations.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+31 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+31
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463432
KW  - Efficiency, Administrative -- United States
KW  - Judges -- United States
KW  - Courthouses -- United States
KW  - Waste (economics)
KW  - Public buildings -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Public sector
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046343-2)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Tax treatment of organizations providing health care services, and excise taxes on tobacco, guns and ammunition: hearing, April 28, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-733
AN  - 59677362; 1995-0303480
AB  - Increasing taxes on firearms and ammunition to help fund health care reform; tax exempt status of hospitals and other health care providers meeting the Community Benefit Standard.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+268 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+268
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016045882X
KW  - Hospitals -- Tax aspects
KW  - Firearms -- Taxation
KW  - Ammunition -- Taxation
KW  - Medical service -- Finance
KW  - Taxation -- Exemption
KW  - Health insurance -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Excise tax -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045882-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Military implications of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC): hearings, August 9-18, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-835
AN  - 59677223; 1995-0302560
AB  - Assessing threats to US national security and intelligence service capability to monitor and verify treaty compliance.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+158 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+158
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462304
KW  - Chemical weapons -- Treaties
KW  - Arms limitation -- Treaties
KW  - United States -- Intelligence service
KW  - United States -- Defenses
KW  - Arms limitation -- Inspection
KW  - International security
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046230-4) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Minority participation and retention in higher education: hearing, May 17, 1994, on examining certain issues relating to minority participation in higher education, focusing on student aid programs
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-589
AN  - 59677205; 1994-0906235
AB  - Increasing the Pell grants for the benefit of low-income students.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+141 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+141
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445604
KW  - United States -- Educational sector
KW  - Colleges and universities -- Attendance
KW  - Discrimination in education -- United States
KW  - Minorities -- Education
KW  - Educational equalization -- United States
KW  - College students -- Aid
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B141&rft.isbn=0160445604&rft.btitle=Minority+participation+and+retention+in+higher+education%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1994%2C+on+examining+certain+issues+relating+to+minority+participation+in+higher+education%2C+focusing+on+student+aid+programs&rft.title=Minority+participation+and+retention+in+higher+education%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1994%2C+on+examining+certain+issues+relating+to+minority+participation+in+higher+education%2C+focusing+on+student+aid+programs&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044560-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Department of Defense Future Years Defense program: hearing, September 20, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-872
AN  - 59677003; 1995-0307880
AB  - Examines the program covering fiscal years 1996-2001, in light of Clinton administration defense spending plans and congressional deficit reduction measures. Goals of reduced force structure, maintaining combat readiness, modernization, acquisitions reform, and investment in the economy outside defense.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+52 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+52
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463726
KW  - Military planning -- United States
KW  - United States -- Military policy
KW  - United States -- Defense department
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Harmful non-indigenous species in the U.S.: hearings, March 11 and 15, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-602
AN  - 59676984; 1994-1006151
AB  - Examines the need for an effective national policy to prevent and control the spread of alien insect and animal pests; agricultural, environmental, and economic costs; recommendations. Identifies Hawaii and Florida as having severe non-indigenous species problems.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+201 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+201
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445876
KW  - Florida -- Environmental policy
KW  - Wildlife conservation -- United States
KW  - Agriculture -- Economic aspects
KW  - Nature conservation -- United States
KW  - Pest control -- United States
KW  - Plants -- Diseases and pests
KW  - Environment -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - Hawaii -- Environmental policy
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - New England fishery issues: hearing, July 30, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-781
AN  - 59676942; 1995-0305140
AB  - Dwindling fisheries resources, relations with Canada, controlling access to fisheries, use of technology, regional planning, and economic assistance to fishing communities; in the context of reauthorization of the 1976 Magnuson Act.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+92 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+92
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460360
KW  - New England -- Industries
KW  - Fish industry -- United States -- New England
KW  - Fisheries -- Regulation
KW  - Regional planning -- United States
KW  - Fisheries -- Economic aspects
KW  - Marine resources -- Conservation
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Child labor and the new global marketplace: reaping profits at the expense of children? hearing, September 21, 1994, to examine strategies to reduce the growing international problem of child labor abuses, focusing on proposed legislation to strengthen protections for migrant farm-workers and other child laborers, and proposed legislation to ban the importation of goods made by children
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-806
AN  - 59676834; 1995-0308930
AB  - Focuses on abusive labor practices in sweatshops, mines, and factories in developing countries, and situation of migrant child workers in the US: impact on GATT.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+80 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+80
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460980
KW  - Developing countries -- Labor sector
KW  - Children's rights
KW  - Child labor -- Developing countries
KW  - Human rights -- International aspects
KW  - Migrant agricultural labor -- United States
KW  - Labor conditions -- International aspects
KW  - General agreement on tariffs and trade
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hearings relating to Madison Guaranty S&L and the Whitewater Development Corporation--Washington, DC phase: hearings, July 29-August 5, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-889
AN  - 59676467; 1995-0307110
AB  - Federal government investigation into the July 20, 1993 death of Deputy White House counsel Vincent W. Foster, Jr., and alleged improper conduct regarding communications between White House and Treasury or Resolution Trust Corporation officials.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994/1995. 4v.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
KW  - United States -- President -- Staff
KW  - United States -- President -- Advisers
KW  - Government investigations -- United States
KW  - Public officials -- Ethics
KW  - Foster, Vincent Walker, Jr., 1945-93
KW  - Business failures -- United States -- Arkansas
KW  - Corruption -- United States
KW  - Real estate business -- United States -- Arkansas
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - SuppNotes - 4v
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - High-tech privacy issues in health care: hearings, October 27, 1993 and January 27, 1994, on examining the quality and high technology privacy issues with regard to health care of the nation's current medical delivery system, focusing on the use of high-tech equipment to improve patient medical record systems and insure the security and privacy of patient information
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st and 2d sess. Serial no. J-103-34 S. hearing 103-836
AN  - 59676407; 1995-0307630
AB  - Some focus on optical memory cards containing health information.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+137 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+137
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462746
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Hospital records -- Information processing systems
KW  - Medical records -- Information processing systems
KW  - Privacy -- United States
KW  - Medical service -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046274-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Davis-Bacon reform: hearing, July 28, 1994, on examining the administration's proposal to reform and strengthen enforcement of the Davis-Bacon Act, which implements labor standards protections for construction workers
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-749
AN  - 59676343; 1995-0303230
AB  - Relates to wages and work rules for federally-funded construction work.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+116 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+116
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459427
KW  - Contracts for work and labor -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Contracts, Government -- Labor aspects
KW  - Building -- Costs
KW  - Construction workers -- United States
KW  - Wages and salaries -- Construction workers -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Labor sector
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045942-7) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Meeting the needs of homeless veterans: hearing, February 23, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-597
AN  - 59676180; 1994-1004272
AB  - Need to coordinate, link, and expand federal, state, and community services; focusing on housing, job skills, and treatment for substance abuse and mental illness.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+129 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+129
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044585X
KW  - Homeless persons -- United States
KW  - Veterans -- Housing
KW  - United States -- Veterans affairs department
KW  - Veterans -- Medical care
KW  - Social service -- Work with homeless persons
KW  - Veterans -- United States
KW  - Employment -- Veterans
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Substance abuse
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044585-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - ESEA: framework for change: hearings, March 2-May 5, 1994, on S. 1513, entitled "Improving America's Schools Act of 1993," and related bill
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-691
AN  - 59676151; 1994-1112055
AB  - Proposed reauthorization and increased funding of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which targets public schools in poor areas. Includes teacher education.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. viii+709 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+709
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044845X
KW  - Schools -- United States
KW  - Education -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Teachers -- Training
KW  - Educational equalization -- United States
KW  - Poor -- Education
KW  - Education -- Finance
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044845-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The world factbook, 1994
AN  - 59676089; 1994-1200987
AB  - Country profiles covering geography, demographics, government, communications, defense, and the economy.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234, 1994. xiii+512+15 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xiii+512+15
PB  - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234
KW  - Political geography -- Yearbooks
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234; Supt Docs pa U.S. $29; elsewhere $36.25; Nat Tech Info Service
N1  - Document feature - map(s)
N1  - SuppNotes - folded sheets
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The global landmine crisis: hearing
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-666
AN  - 59675990; 1994-1112877
AB  - Reasons for a one-year moratorium on US production and an international ban on production, use, and transfer of antipersonnel landmines. Includes efforts to clean up presently deployed mines.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+137 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+137
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447682
KW  - Ordnance disposal
KW  - Arms limitation
KW  - United States -- Military policy
KW  - Munitions -- Export-import trade -- Regulation
KW  - Land mines
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044768-2) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Pentagon financial management problems: hearing, July 1, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-705
AN  - 59675640; 1994-1108501
AB  - Examines Defense Department compliance with the Chief Financial Officers Act, focusing on financial audits for the Army, Air Force, and Defense Business Operations Fund, fiscal year 1992.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+334 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+334
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448719
KW  - Administrative responsibility -- United States
KW  - United States -- Air force -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Defenses -- Finance
KW  - Government accounting -- United States
KW  - Government auditing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defense department
KW  - United States -- Army -- Finance
KW  - Cost control
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DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044871-9) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Commission on Time and Learning: hearing, September 22, 1994, to examine the recommendations and findings of the Commission on Time and Learning as contained in their recent report, "Prisoners of time," which addresses the school year length and curriculum for our nation's schools
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-762
AN  - 59675592; 1995-0108090
AB  - Focus on amount of time spent on academic subjects during the American school day; recommends the 200-day school year to improve education.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+45 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+45
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459958
KW  - United States -- Educational sector
KW  - Education, Secondary -- United States
KW  - Education -- United States
KW  - Academic achievement -- United States
KW  - Schools -- Courses of study
KW  - Education, Primary -- United States
KW  - School year -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045995-8)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Truck lengths and safety: hearing, September 14, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-864
AN  - 59675357; 1995-0306700
AB  - Whether the increased length of a truck increases its susceptibility to accidents; whether a federal "cap" of 53 feet should be imposed on truck lengths on the national highway system. Effect longer combination vehicles (LCVs) have on the highway infrastructure and how they mix with smaller and lighter passenger vehicles.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+112 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+112
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160463440
KW  - United States -- Federal highway administration
KW  - Traffic safety -- United States
KW  - Motor trucks -- Safety measures
KW  - United States -- Transportation sector
KW  - Motor transport -- Regulation
KW  - Highways -- Safety measures
KW  - Accidents, Traffic -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046344-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), diag(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Water problems facing the Lower Colorado River area: hearing, June 8-9, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-766
AN  - 59675241; 1994-1211637
AB  - Whether laws that control the Lower Basin water supply need to be changed in light of the environment and growing needs of cities and Indian tribes. Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+224 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+224
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459990
KW  - Water supply -- United States -- Western states
KW  - Colorado river basin
KW  - Water rights -- United States -- Western states
KW  - Water resources development -- United States -- Western states
KW  - Western states -- Environmental policy
KW  - Rivers -- Regulation -- Western states
KW  - Southwestern states -- Environmental policy
KW  - Water supply -- Legal aspects
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Operational testing: ensuring better weapons for our troops: hearing, March 22, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-568
AN  - 59674936; 1994-0905485
AB  - Concerns acquisition reform initiatives based on independent testing of weapons before they are produced, and the Office of Operational Testing in the Department of Defense.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+51 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+51
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160444500
KW  - Munitions -- Testing
KW  - Ordnance testing -- United States
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defense department
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 1822, the Communications Act of 1994: hearing, February 23-May 25, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-599
AN  - 59674923; 1994-1004993
AB  - Bill aimed at safeguarding the public interest while permitting growth and development of new communications technologies that may provide consumer benefits.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. viii+817 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+817
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445728
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - Communication systems -- Regulation
KW  - Telecommunications -- Regulation
KW  - Government regulation of business -- United States
KW  - Technological innovations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Communications sector
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Pesticide use reduction assessment: report, June 29, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-104 Com. print
AN  - 59674858; 1995-0307710
AB  - Examples of alternative pest management practices in 30 states; US.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+16 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+16
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160464064
KW  - Pesticides -- United States
KW  - Pest control -- United States
KW  - United States -- Agricultural sector
KW  - Agricultural innovations -- United States
KW  - Agricultural chemicals -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046406-4)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Increasing costs of illegal immigration: hearing
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-637
AN  - 59674659; 1994-1004753
AB  - Requests by the governors of Florida, California, Arizona, Illinois, and New Jersey, for "federal reimbursement for the costs associated with undocumented immigrants and refugees." Costs of incarceration, medical assistance, and education.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+174 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+174
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446961
KW  - Externalities (economics) -- United States
KW  - Federal and state relations -- United States
KW  - Refugees -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social conditions
KW  - Aliens, Illegal -- United States
KW  - Immigration and emigration -- Economic aspects
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044696-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Homeowners' insurance discrimination: hearing, May 11, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-793
AN  - 59674620; 1995-0201980
AB  - Examines claims of discrimination against Blacks, women, and urban residents, as well as insurance industry response that higher premiums reflect higher risk of crime, vandalism, or loss; US.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+160 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+160
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460808
KW  - United States -- Insurance sector
KW  - Discrimination -- United States
KW  - Blacks -- Housing
KW  - Prejudice, Racial -- United States
KW  - Homeowners' insurance -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Access to Medical Treatment Act: hearing, July 22, 1994, on S. 2140, to permit an individual to be treated by a health care practitioner with any method of medical treatment such individual requests, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-707
AN  - 59674350; 1994-1104630
AB  - Proposed legislation providing the consumer freedom to choose alternative therapies; some focus on the safety and effectiveness of experimental products without clinical trials, quackery, and other issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+170 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+170
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448786
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Drugs -- Testing
KW  - Quacks and quackery -- United States
KW  - Medical research -- United States
KW  - United States -- Food and drug administration
KW  - Medical service -- United States
KW  - Medicine, Alternative -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044878-6) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Legislative history of the Energy Policy Act of 1992
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-91 Com. print
AN  - 59673969; 1995-0308820
AB  - Contains major bills, reports, and debates which comprise actions of Congress related to passage of the Act. Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. 4999 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
SP  - 4999
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
KW  - Power resources -- Conservation -- Legislation
KW  - Renewable energy sources -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Energy policy -- Legislation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN v. 1, 0-16-046153-7; v. 2, 0-16-046154-5; v. 3, 0-16-046155-3; v. 4, 0-16-046156-1; v. 5, 0-16-046157-X; v. 6, 0-16-046254-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - SuppNotes - 6v
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Is military research hazardous to veterans' health? lessons spanning half a century: a staff report, December 8, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-97 Com. print
AN  - 59673879; 1995-0207290
AB  - Human experimentation and other intentional exposures to dangerous substances conducted by or for the Defense Department; issues of consent, adequate information on risks or benefits, and follow-up monitoring and treatment.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. vi+53 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vi+53
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160462916
KW  - Veterans -- Medical care
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs
KW  - Medical research -- Experimentation on humans
KW  - Military research -- United States
KW  - Informed consent -- United States
KW  - Veterans -- Health
KW  - United States -- Defense department
KW  - Medicine, Military -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046291-6) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - A review of arms export licensing: hearing, June 15, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-670
AN  - 59673773; 1994-1010465
AB  - Examines commercial licenses granted by the Commerce or State Departments to export US munitions and weapons.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+163 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+163
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447801
KW  - Military market -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- State department
KW  - Export-import trade -- Licensing
KW  - United States -- Commerce department
KW  - Purchasing, Military and naval -- International aspects
KW  - Munitions -- Export-import trade -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044780-1) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Nomination: hearing, November 3, 1993, on Harold Varmus, of California, to be director of the National Institutes of Health
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-350
AN  - 59673607; 1994-1210471
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. ii+49 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - ii+49
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458609
KW  - Public officials -- United States
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - United States -- National institutes of health
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045860-9) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Persian Gulf war illnesses: are we treating veterans right? hearing, November 16, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-647
AN  - 59673501; 1994-1109363
AB  - Examines Defense Department and Veterans' Affairs Department initiatives to identify and treat US servicemen and veterans suffering medical problems related to the 1991 conflict.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+184 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+184
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448093
KW  - Persian gulf conflict, 1991 -- Casualties
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs
KW  - Veterans, Disabled -- Health
KW  - Veterans, Disabled -- Medical care
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in the Middle East
KW  - Medicine, Military -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044809-3) pa
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Sweden for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income: message from the president of the United States, signed at Stockholm on September 1, 1994, together with a related exchange of notes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-29
AN  - 59673475; 1994-1206787
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. vi+59 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vi+59
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Taxation, Double -- Treaties
KW  - Tax evasion -- Treaties
KW  - Taxation -- Treaties
KW  - Income tax -- Treaties
KW  - Sweden -- Commercial treaties and agreements
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Housing Choice and Community Investment Act of 1994: joint hearings, April 28 and May 3, 1994, on identifying the needs of our nation's cities and to examine the administration's proposed ambitious and comprehensive agenda to revitalize communities and create real opportunity for residents
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-672
AN  - 59673114; 1994-1108347
AB  - On proposed legislation to reduce homelessness, improve public housing, enforce fair housing, expand affordable housing, and empower communities to strengthen themselves.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+246 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+246
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044781X
KW  - Homeless persons -- United States
KW  - Housing -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Housing policy
KW  - Housing projects, Government -- United States
KW  - Housing -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Community development -- United States
KW  - Rental housing -- United States
KW  - Home ownership -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044781-X) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Rebuilding FEMA: preparing for the next disaster: hearing, May 18, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-527
AN  - 59673016; 1994-0811587
AB  - Management problems in the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including need to define the scope of its authority and to reorganize its administrative department. In light of delayed response to victims of Hurricane Andrew in southern Florida, 1992.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+335 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+335
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160442885
KW  - Disaster relief -- United States
KW  - Efficiency, Administrative -- United States
KW  - Disasters -- Emergency preparedness
KW  - United States -- Federal emergency management agency
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044288-5) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Terrorism, asylum issues, and U.S. immigration policy: hearing, May 28, 1993, on S. 667, a bill to the Immigration and Nationality Act to improve procedures for the exclusion of aliens to enter the United States by fraud
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-16 S. hearing 103-595
AN  - 59672877; 1994-1004789
AB  - Calls for an expedited inspection process at port of entry, increased penalties for alien smuggling, and closer cooperation between law enforcement and immigration authorities.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+209 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+209
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446759
KW  - Smuggling -- United States
KW  - United States -- Immigration policy
KW  - Terrorism -- United States
KW  - Asylum, Right of -- United States
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - Aliens, Illegal -- United States
KW  - Immigration and emigration -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044675-9) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Environmental problems in the federal government: hearing, September 21, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-607
AN  - 59672508; 1994-0906095
AB  - Clean-up of hazardous and nuclear waste at federal facilities, focusing on economic and management problems and intergovernmental cooperation.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+151 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+151
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445906
KW  - Hazardous waste sites -- United States
KW  - Hazardous wastes -- Regulation
KW  - Public lands -- Environmental aspects
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - Government business enterprises -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Radioactive substances -- Regulation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044590-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Experience of foreign nations in controlling health costs: hearing, October 13, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-609
AN  - 59672356; 1994-1009335
AB  - Compares various systems and their application to reform of US health care, in light of differences in population, political systems, and culture. Canada, western European countries, and Japan.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+190 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+190
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446945
KW  - Western Europe -- Health policy
KW  - Canada -- Health policy
KW  - Medical economics
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Health insurance -- Finance
KW  - Sickness benefit plans -- Costs
KW  - Medical service -- Costs
KW  - Cost control
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044694-5) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Interstate banking and insurance activities of national banks: hearings, October 5 and November 3, 1993, on nationwide banking and branching and the insurance activities of national banks
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-480
AN  - 59672269; 1994-0803972
AB  - Examines whether the increased competition resulting from a change in regulations would be most likely to benefit the consumer or to cause deposits to be drained from local communities by multistate banks; US.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+305 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+305
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441188
KW  - Banking -- Insurance selling
KW  - Interstate banking -- Regulation
KW  - Banking -- Branches
KW  - National banks (United States)
KW  - Banking -- Consolidation and mergers
KW  - United States -- Banking sector
KW  - Competition -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B305&rft.isbn=0160441188&rft.btitle=Interstate+banking+and+insurance+activities+of+national+banks%3A+hearings%2C+October+5+and+November+3%2C+1993%2C+on+nationwide+banking+and+branching+and+the+insurance+activities+of+national+banks&rft.title=Interstate+banking+and+insurance+activities+of+national+banks%3A+hearings%2C+October+5+and+November+3%2C+1993%2C+on+nationwide+banking+and+branching+and+the+insurance+activities+of+national+banks&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044118-8) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 1995: hearings, January 27-March 9, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-544
AN  - 59672079; 1994-0906273
AB  - Focus on the labor sector and on education and defense spending. Contents: The economic and budget outlook: fiscal years 1995-1999; The president's fiscal year 1995 budget proposal; Putting Americans back to work; America's schools: meeting the challenge; Defense overhead waste and management; Review of the Defense Department roles and missions; The president's fiscal year 1995 defense budget request.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. 2v.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
KW  - United States -- Defenses -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Education -- Finance
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN v. 1, 0-16-044552-3; v. 2, 0-16-044554-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - SuppNotes - 2v
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 687, the Product Liability Fairness Act: hearing, September 23, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-490
AN  - 59671977; 1994-0803302
AB  - Proposal to create a uniform standard for punitive damages, abolish joint liability for noneconomic damages, establish a statute of limitations, and other reforms to product liability law.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+151 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+151
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441471
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - United States -- Jurisprudence
KW  - Liability -- United States
KW  - Products liability -- United States
KW  - Damages -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044147-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Forum on technology in the classroom and the Technology for Education Act, January 6, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-74 Com. print
AN  - 59671946; 1994-1203781
AB  - Use of computers and other technology to assist schools in poor areas; US.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+63 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+63
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458676
KW  - Educational equalization -- United States
KW  - United States -- Educational policy
KW  - Innovation in education -- United States
KW  - Computer-assisted instruction -- United States
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59671946?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045867-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - NOLHGA bails out a healthy insurance company: hearing, June 29, 1993, on examining the current system the state guaranty fund system uses to pay off insurance policyholders
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-693 Serial no. J-103-19
AN  - 59671585; 1994-1108816
AB  - Examines the extent to which the National Organization of Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Associations and the guaranty funds are controlled by the industry and whether they are accountable to the public. Some focus on the bailout of Security Benefit Life with taxpayer money.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+56 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+56
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458218
KW  - Administrative responsibility -- United States
KW  - Conflict of interests (business) -- United States
KW  - United States -- Insurance sector
KW  - Insurance -- Guaranty funds
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Fraud in federal nutrition programs: hearing, February 2, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-640
AN  - 59671082; 1994-1108258
AB  - Examines abuses in the Food Stamp and WIC Programs, and utilization of the electronic transfer system to eliminate the trafficking of coupons for cash, and restore the integrity of the programs.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+86 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+86
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016045820X
KW  - Mothers -- Nutrition
KW  - Children -- Nutrition
KW  - Transfer payments -- United States
KW  - Electronic funds transfer systems -- United States
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - Public welfare -- Information processing systems
KW  - Food stamps -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Food relief -- Regulation
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Portuguese Republic for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income, together with a related protocol: message from the president of the United States, signed at Washington on September 6, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-34
AN  - 59670777; 1994-1206737
AB  - First income tax treaty between the US and Portugal.
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. 68 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
SP  - 68
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Taxation, Double -- Treaties
KW  - Tax evasion -- Treaties
KW  - Taxation -- Treaties
KW  - Income tax -- Treaties
KW  - Portugal -- Commercial treaties and agreements
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Superfund Reform Act of 1994: hearings, February 10-April 12, 1994, on S. 1834, a bill to amend the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-559
AN  - 59670591; 1994-0905423
AB  - Legislation aimed at speeding up clean-ups, reducing the amount of related litigation, and fair treatment of the liability of municipalities and small businesses.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+539 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+539
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160444829
KW  - Pollution -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Hazardous waste sites -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Hazardous wastes -- Liability
KW  - Pollution control in industry -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Recent developments in transnational crime affecting U.S. law enforcement and foreign policy; Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty in Criminal Matters with Panama, Treaty Doc. 102-15; and 1994 international narcotics control strategy report: hearings, April 20-21, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-606
AN  - 59670206; 1994-1004486
AB  - Examines international criminal networks and ethnic organized crime; Colombian drug cartels, Russian mafia, Asian gangs, and other threats to US national security and international interests.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+190 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+190
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445884
KW  - Crime and criminals -- International aspects
KW  - Organized crime -- International aspects
KW  - United States -- Treaties -- Panama (Republic)
KW  - Drug traffic -- International aspects
KW  - Law enforcement -- International cooperation
KW  - Narcotics -- Regulation
KW  - Panama (Republic) -- Treaties -- United States
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 1994: hearing, July 29, 1994, on S. 2238, to prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-703
AN  - 59669961; 1994-1108474
AB  - Proposed legislation prohibiting the use of sexual orientation as the basis of hiring, firing, promotion, or compensation.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+130 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+130
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448743
KW  - Discrimination in employment -- United States
KW  - Civil rights -- United States
KW  - Discrimination against gays and lesbians -- United States
KW  - Employment -- Gays
KW  - Sexual orientation
KW  - Sex and law -- United States
KW  - United States -- Labor sector
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Technology transfer to the oil and gas industry: hearing, November 30, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-561
AN  - 59669903; 1994-0812060
AB  - Discusses opportunities for enhanced productivity. Some focus on collaboration between government and industry in research, development, and demonstration.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+101 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+101
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
KW  - Petroleum industry -- United States
KW  - Productivity -- United States
KW  - Government research -- United States
KW  - United States -- Energy policy
KW  - Research and development -- United States
KW  - Diffusion of innovations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Technology policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Technology+transfer+to+the+oil+and+gas+industry%3A+hearing%2C+November+30%2C+1993&rft.title=Technology+transfer+to+the+oil+and+gas+industry%3A+hearing%2C+November+30%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Human subjects research: radiation experimentation, hearing, January 13, 1994, on determining the magnitude of the radiation research, to determine where these experiments took place, to determine what records exist, to determine how great the dangers were, to determine if participants were informed of the risks and benefits of the radiation experiments and to determine how much harm was done
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-511
AN  - 59669813; 1994-1104919
AB  - Focus on experiments carried out at the Fernald School, Massachusetts, and in Veterans Administration facilities; since 1944.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+61 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+61
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044800X
KW  - United States -- Veterans administration
KW  - Atomic medicine -- United States
KW  - Atomic warfare medicine -- United States
KW  - Medical research -- Ethics
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Government-sponsored research -- United States
KW  - Radiation -- Physiological effect
KW  - Medical research -- Experimentation on humans
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044800-X) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health Security Act of 1993: hearings: pt. 4, January 26-March 8, 1994, on examining the administration's proposed Health Security Act, to establish comprehensive health care for every American
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-216/pt.4
AN  - 59669754; 1994-0904952
AB  - Examines the size and composition of the workforce in the health care systems and their role in the spiraling cost of health care. Focus on physicians, nurses, academic health centers; downsizing the hospital systems, and shifting from specialty, inpatient care to outpatient primary care and preventive services.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. vi+646 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vi+646
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445655
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Medical centers -- Costs
KW  - Medicine, Preventive -- United States
KW  - Medical workers -- Distribution
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Medical profession -- United States
KW  - Medical service -- Costs
KW  - Health insurance -- United States
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. refugee programs for 1994: annual refugee consultations: hearing, September 23, 1993, on examining the U.S. Refugee Resettlement Admissions program for fiscal year 1994 and the role of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in the program
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-29 S. hearing 103-545
AN  - 59669693; 1994-0806651
AB  - Discusses assistance and resettlement process; some focus on the rise in numbers of refugees.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+94 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+94
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160443849
KW  - United States -- Immigration policy
KW  - Refugees -- United States
KW  - Resettlement -- Africa
KW  - United States -- Immigration and naturalization service
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 1350, the Natural Disaster Protection Act of 1993: hearing, November 17, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-665
AN  - 59669618; 1994-1108498
AB  - Measures to reduce reliance on federally funded disaster assistance. Includes incentives for state and local governments to emphasize building code enforcement and emergency planning, broadening home insurance policies to include disaster coverage, and a reinsurance program.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+60 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+60
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448263
KW  - Intergovernmental fiscal relations -- United States
KW  - Disaster relief -- United States
KW  - Building -- Regulation
KW  - Insurance -- Reinsurance
KW  - Disaster insurance -- United States
KW  - United States -- Public sector
KW  - Disasters -- Emergency preparedness
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Assessing the effects of environmental tobacco smoke: hearing, May 11, 1994, on S. 262, a bill to require the administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to promulgate guidelines for instituting a nonsmoking policy in buildings owned or leased by the federal government and S. 1680, a bill to amend the Toxic Substances Control Act to protect the public from health hazards caused by exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-747
AN  - 59669417; 1994-1203844
AB  - Proposal to require smoking restrictions in all public areas, including federal buildings and restaurants.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+599 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+599
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459400
KW  - Smoking -- Regulation
KW  - Environmental health -- United States
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Materials supplier liability and the coming crisis in availability of life-saving medical devices: hearing, May 20, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-679
AN  - 59669411; 1994-1112738
AB  - Case for reforming product liability laws so that raw material suppliers cannot be sued unless there is evidence that they were responsible for putting a defective device on the market.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+156 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+156
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448042
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Law reform -- United States
KW  - Medical instruments and apparatus -- Liability
KW  - Products liability -- United States
KW  - Medical technology -- Legal aspects
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Assault weapons: a view from the front lines: hearing, August 3, 1993, on S. 639, a bill to make unlawful the possession of certain assault weapons, to establish a federal penalty for drive-by shootings, and for other purposes; and S. 653, a bill to prohibit the transfer or possession of semiautomatic assault weapons, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-754 Serial no. J-103-25
AN  - 59669403; 1995-0109390
AB  - Proposed ban on military-style firearms.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+193 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+193
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160461006
KW  - Violence -- United States
KW  - Firearms -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Rifles -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Treaty Between the United States of America and Ukraine Concerning the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investment, with annex, and related exchange of letters, done at Washington on March 4, 1994: message from the president of the United States
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-37
AN  - 59669196; 1994-1206624
AB  - Bilateral investment treaty to protect US investors and assist Ukrainian economic development.
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. xiv+18 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xiv+18
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- Ukraine
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Ukraine -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Ukraine -- Economic development -- Finance
KW  - Ukraine -- Economic relations -- United States
KW  - Foreign investments -- Treaties
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Ukraine
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Floodplain management and flood control: hearings, May 26 and July 20, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-746
AN  - 59669110; 1994-1206357
AB  - Progress by the Army Corps of Engineers in rebuilding levees following the Mississippi flooding in 1993 and on non-structural approaches, including land buyouts and watershed planning. Some focus on recreational versus navigational concerns, and on cost sharing by local areas.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+205 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+205
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459338
KW  - Federal and local government relations -- United States
KW  - Wetlands -- United States
KW  - United States -- Army -- Engineers corps
KW  - Land utilization -- United States
KW  - Flood control -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - Watersheds -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Energy demand in China and other rapidly developing countries in Asia: hearing, March 16, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-735
AN  - 59668841; 1994-1209810
AB  - Relates to US trade and investment policy for the development of coal, oil, gas, electric power, and environmental aspects; focus on China. Some reference to Vietnam, Indonesia, and Thailand.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+124 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+124
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458935
KW  - Vietnam -- Energy sector
KW  - China (People's Republic) -- Energy sector
KW  - China (People's Republic) -- Economic relations -- United States
KW  - Energy consumption -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Thailand -- Energy sector
KW  - Indonesia -- Energy sector
KW  - Power resources -- Supply and demand
KW  - Pollution control in industry -- China (People's Republic)
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- China (People's Republic)
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045893-5) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Consumer protection at the Food and Drug Administration: hearing, September 27, 1991
T2  - 102d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 102-1200
AN  - 59668527; 1994-1209290
AB  - Focuses on FDA activities regarding food labeling and health risks presented by the lead content of food-related products, especially wine, and lead-glazed ceramic and crystal ware.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+145 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+145
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459761
KW  - Lead poisoning -- United States
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - Food industry -- Labels
KW  - Glassware industry -- United States
KW  - Wine industry -- Regulation
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - Ceramic industries -- United States
KW  - United States -- Food and drug administration
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045976-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal regulation of medical radiation uses: hearing, May 6, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-601
AN  - 59668340; 1994-0905954
AB  - Whether federal and state regulation activities adequately protect public health; focuses on the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Food and Drug Administration. Includes criteria for adequate radiation control programs.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+282 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+282
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445752
KW  - Atomic medicine -- United States
KW  - United States -- Medical sector
KW  - Medical instruments and apparatus -- Regulation
KW  - X-Ray technicians -- Licensing
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - X-Ray -- Safety measures
KW  - United States -- Nuclear regulatory commission
KW  - United States -- Food and drug administration
KW  - Radiation -- Regulation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044575-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention on regulating fishing vessels on the high seas (Treaty Doc. 103-24): hearing, June 28, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-727
AN  - 59668105; 1994-1208490
AB  - Problems of new vessels being registered in states that are not members of regional fisheries organizations and by the reflagging of other vessels from member to nonmember states. Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels on the High Seas, also known as the "Flagging" or "Reflagging" Agreement.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+34 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+34
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458382
KW  - Environmental policy -- International cooperation
KW  - Fisheries -- Treaties
KW  - Fishing boats -- Registration
KW  - Fisheries -- Conservation
KW  - Marine resources -- Conservation
KW  - Fish industry -- Regulation
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045838-2)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Review of the National Drug Control Strategy: hearing, February 10, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-547 Serial no. J-103-42
AN  - 59668101; 1994-0907390
AB  - Examines the Clinton administration's plan to redirect and reinvigorate efforts against drug use and trafficking, getting hard-core drug users into treatment or into jail, increasing drug education resources, and other issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+61 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+61
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160444977
KW  - Drug abuse -- United States
KW  - Drug traffic -- United States
KW  - Drug addicts -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Narcotics -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B61&rft.isbn=0160444977&rft.btitle=Review+of+the+National+Drug+Control+Strategy%3A+hearing%2C+February+10%2C+1994&rft.title=Review+of+the+National+Drug+Control+Strategy%3A+hearing%2C+February+10%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044497-7) pa
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 1989, Insurance Policy Transfer Act and insurance redlining: hearing, May 26, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-660
AN  - 59668057; 1994-1014665
AB  - Protecting consumers from transfer of policies without their knowledge or consent and from "redlining", when policies are either not sold in certain neighborhoods, or sold for high premiums or provide inferior coverage. So-called "assumption reinsurance" from the original insurer, who relinquishes all contractual liability, to an often less financially healthy insurance company.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+105 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+105
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447496
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - Insurance -- Reinsurance
KW  - United States -- Insurance sector
KW  - Discrimination -- United States
KW  - Insurance -- Policies
KW  - Insurance -- Regulation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044749-6) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hearing on the Small Business Administration's Microloan Demonstration program and business development programs, March 17, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-598
AN  - 59668013; 1994-1014627
AB  - Federal loans and grants to local community development organizations to provide finance and management and technical assistance to microenterprises.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+296 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+296
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447631
KW  - Government loans and grants -- United States
KW  - United States -- Business enterprises -- Finance
KW  - Community development -- Finance
KW  - Small business -- Finance
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044763-1) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Grazing: hearings: pt. 1, April 20, 1994 and May 14, 1994, on the Department of the Interior's proposed rule to amend the Department's regulations concerning livestock grazing
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-655 (pt. 1)
AN  - 59668006; 1994-1208476
AB  - Impact on ranching of discretion given to the secretary of Interior to pull grazing permits.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+255 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+255
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447902
KW  - Ranches -- United States
KW  - Grazing lands -- United States
KW  - United States -- Interior department
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044790-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the French Republic for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital: message from the president of the United States, signed at Paris on August 31, 1994, together with two related exchanges of notes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-32
AN  - 59667981; 1994-1206763
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. vi+98 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vi+98
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Tax evasion -- Treaties
KW  - Taxation -- Treaties
KW  - France -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Income tax -- Treaties
KW  - Income tax -- Capital gains tax
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health reform and U.S. business competitiveness: hearing, January 12, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-504
AN  - 59667639; 1994-0802817
AB  - Effect of mandated employer coverage on wages, trade deficit, and other aspects of US competitiveness.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+111 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+111
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160442206
KW  - Sickness benefit plans -- United States
KW  - Medical economics -- United States
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Balance of trade
KW  - Competition, International
KW  - Health insurance -- United States
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital: message from the president of the United States, together with the protocol and the two related exchanges of notes, signed at Almaty on October 24, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-33
AN  - 59667401; 1994-1206749
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. vi+63 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vi+63
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Taxation, Double -- Treaties
KW  - Tax evasion -- Treaties
KW  - Taxation -- Treaties
KW  - Income tax -- Treaties
KW  - Kazakhstan -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Income tax -- Capital gains tax
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Treaty Between the United States of America and the Republic of Belarus Concerning the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investment, with annex, Protocol, and related exchange of letters: message from the president of the United States, signed at Minsk on January 15, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-36
AN  - 59667322; 1994-1206636
AB  - Bilateral investment treaty to protect US investors and assist Belarus' economic development.
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. xv+18 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xv+18
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Belarus -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Belarus -- Economic development -- Finance
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Belarus
KW  - Foreign investments -- Treaties
KW  - Belarus -- Economic relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- Belarus
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Treaty Between the United States of America and Jamaica Concerning the Reciprocal Encouragement and Protection of Investment, with annex and protocol: message from the president of the United States, signed at Washington on February 4, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-35
AN  - 59667177; 1994-1206648
AB  - Bilateral investment treaty to protect US investors and assist Jamaican economic development.
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. xiv+13 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xiv+13
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- Jamaica
KW  - Jamaica -- Economic development -- Finance
KW  - Jamaica -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Jamaica
KW  - Foreign investments -- Treaties
KW  - Jamaica -- Economic relations -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hatch Act Reform Amendments of 1993: hearings, April 27 and 30, 1993, on S. 185, to amend Title 5, United States Code, to restore to federal civilian employees their right to participate voluntarily, as private citizens, in the political processes of the nation, to protect such employees from improper political solicitations, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-771
AN  - 59667161; 1994-1209959
AB  - Allows government employees to take part in political campaigns, raise funds, and hold positions within political parties.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+182 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+182
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460174
KW  - Civil service -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Government employees -- Political activities -- Legislation
KW  - Political participation -- United States
KW  - United States -- Government and politics
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B182&rft.isbn=0160460174&rft.btitle=Hatch+Act+Reform+Amendments+of+1993%3A+hearings%2C+April+27+and+30%2C+1993%2C+on+S.+185%2C+to+amend+Title+5%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+restore+to+federal+civilian+employees+their+right+to+participate+voluntarily%2C+as+private+citizens%2C+in+the+political+processes+of+the+nation%2C+to+protect+such+employees+from+improper+political+solicitations%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Hatch+Act+Reform+Amendments+of+1993%3A+hearings%2C+April+27+and+30%2C+1993%2C+on+S.+185%2C+to+amend+Title+5%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+restore+to+federal+civilian+employees+their+right+to+participate+voluntarily%2C+as+private+citizens%2C+in+the+political+processes+of+the+nation%2C+to+protect+such+employees+from+improper+political+solicitations%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046017-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), index(es)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - EPA's proposed renewable oxygenate standard: hearing, May 12, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-741
AN  - 59667139; 1994-1210091
AB  - Proposed EPA rule that would require the use of corn-derived ethanol (ETBE) in 30 percent of the cleaner-burning reformulated gasoline to be sold beginning in 1995.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+337 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+337
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459397
KW  - Alcohol as fuel -- United States
KW  - Air pollution -- Regulation
KW  - Petroleum industry -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy -- Economic aspects
KW  - Motor vehicles -- Fuel -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Renewable energy sources -- Environmental aspects
KW  - United States -- Environmental protection agency
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045939-7) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), diag(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The roles, mission and operation of the U.S. General Accounting Office: report, October 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-87 Com. print
AN  - 59667077; 1994-1108777
AB  - Examines the quality of the GAO's work, its work processes, and its relationships with Congress and with federal executive agencies; recommendations. Prepared by the National Academy of Public Administration.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. 73+ pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - 73+
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458838
KW  - Government agencies -- Evaluation
KW  - United States -- General accounting office
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73%2B&rft.isbn=0160458838&rft.btitle=The+roles%2C+mission+and+operation+of+the+U.S.+General+Accounting+Office%3A+report%2C+October+1994&rft.title=The+roles%2C+mission+and+operation+of+the+U.S.+General+Accounting+Office%3A+report%2C+October+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-045883-8) pa
N1  - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Copyright Royalty Tribunal Reform Act of 1993: hearing, October 5, 1993, on S. 1346, to amend Title 17, United States Code, to establish copyright arbitration royalty panels to replace the Copyright Royalty Tribunal, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-711 Serial no. J-103-30
AN  - 59666987; 1994-1108789
AB  - Proposes arbitration panels, under the Library of Congress, to set rates and distribute funds collected under the compulsory licenses in the Copyright Act of 1976.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+78 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+78
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160458439
KW  - Arbitration, Commercial -- United States
KW  - Copyright -- United States
KW  - Copyright -- Royalties
KW  - United States -- Library of Congress
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The risks and regulation of financial derivatives: hearing, May 19, 1994, on the Government Accounting Office (GAO), conclusions and recommendations regarding the need for congressional, regulatory, SEC, and FASB actions necessary to protect the financial system from risks presented by derivative activities
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-633
AN  - 59666919; 1994-1014689
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+38 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+38
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446864
KW  - United States -- Finance -- Regulation
KW  - Risk, Financial -- United States
KW  - Derivative securities -- Regulation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044686-4)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Endangered Species Act amendments of 1993: hearing: pt. 1, July 23, 1994, on S. 921, a bill to reauthorize and amend the Endangered Species Act for the conservation of threatened and endangered species, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-768, pt. 1
AN  - 59666706; 1994-1208844
AB  - Effects of the Act in Western states, particularly Montana; some focus on constraints on economic development and damage to livestock by predatory animals.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+326 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+326
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460085
KW  - Wildlife conservation -- Economic aspects
KW  - Montana -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Predatory animals -- United States -- Western states
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation
KW  - Western states -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Endangered species -- United States -- Western states
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046008-5) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health and safety of professional boxing: hearing, January 20 and September 22, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-790
AN  - 59666669; 1995-0101380
AB  - Examines the role of state governments in establishing regulations to protect the welfare of boxers, focusing on problems and abuses in the sport. Emphasis on physical examinations, lack of medical coverage, pension plans, and financial assistance to help with the costs of injuries.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+113 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+113
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460670
KW  - Personal injuries -- United States
KW  - Boxing -- Regulation
KW  - Physical examinations -- United States
KW  - Boxing -- Safety measures
KW  - Professional sports -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046067-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal mandates on state and local governments: hearing, November 3, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-405
AN  - 59666471; 1994-0611975
AB  - Examines the costs and burdens that unfunded federal legislative and regulatory mandates place on state and local governments; recommendations.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+322 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+322
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435943
KW  - United States -- Finance
KW  - Intergovernmental fiscal relations -- United States
KW  - Federal aid -- United States
KW  - Federal and local government relations -- Financial aspects
KW  - Federal and state relations -- Financial aspects
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hearing on interstate use tax collection, April 13, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-681
AN  - 59666461; 1994-1208440
AB  - Examines fairness of the mail order industry's exemption from sales and use taxes on sales made across state lines; US.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+170 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+170
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160448239
KW  - Sales tax -- United States
KW  - Intergovernmental fiscal relations -- United States
KW  - Tax collection -- United States
KW  - Tax collection -- Interstate cooperation
KW  - Mail order business -- Taxation
KW  - Taxation -- Exemption
KW  - Use tax -- United States
KW  - Interstate commerce -- Taxation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Community Development Financial Institutions Act of 1993--S.1275: hearings, July 15 and September 8, 1993, on the proposed Community Development Financial Act of 1993 and Community Reinvestment Act regulatory reforms
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-486
AN  - 59666268; 1994-0803946
AB  - To increase investment in low-income and minority communities and to expand the existing network of financial institutions serving them.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+254 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+254
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441463
KW  - United States -- Finance
KW  - Redevelopment, Urban -- United States
KW  - Rural development -- Finance
KW  - Credit -- United States
KW  - Community development -- Finance
KW  - Financial intermediaries -- United States
KW  - Development banks -- United States
KW  - Bank loans -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B254&rft.isbn=0160441463&rft.btitle=Community+Development+Financial+Institutions+Act+of+1993--S.1275%3A+hearings%2C+July+15+and+September+8%2C+1993%2C+on+the+proposed+Community+Development+Financial+Act+of+1993+and+Community+Reinvestment+Act+regulatory+reforms&rft.title=Community+Development+Financial+Institutions+Act+of+1993--S.1275%3A+hearings%2C+July+15+and+September+8%2C+1993%2C+on+the+proposed+Community+Development+Financial+Act+of+1993+and+Community+Reinvestment+Act+regulatory+reforms&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044146-3) pa
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Competitiveness of the U.S. biotechnology industry: hearing, March 23, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-593
AN  - 59666230; 1994-0908099
AB  - Examines the relationship between federal investment in science and technology and its potential contribution to economic growth, jobs, health care, agriculture, and the environment.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+75 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+75
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445493
KW  - Government-sponsored research -- United States
KW  - Technological innovations -- United States
KW  - Biotechnology -- United States
KW  - Genetic research -- United States
KW  - United States -- Technology policy
KW  - Competition -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B75&rft.isbn=0160445493&rft.btitle=Competitiveness+of+the+U.S.+biotechnology+industry%3A+hearing%2C+March+23%2C+1994&rft.title=Competitiveness+of+the+U.S.+biotechnology+industry%3A+hearing%2C+March+23%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044549-3) pa
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Abuses in federal student grant programs: hearing, October 27-28, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-491
AN  - 59666178; 1994-0803453
AB  - Focus on schools offering certificates in Judaic Studies or Immigrant Culture, in order to fraudulently access Pell Grant money.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. viii+552 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+552
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044134X
KW  - United States -- Educational policy
KW  - Scholarships and fellowships -- United States
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - College students -- Aid
KW  - Education -- Finance
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=viii%2B552&rft.isbn=016044134X&rft.btitle=Abuses+in+federal+student+grant+programs%3A+hearing%2C+October+27-28%2C+1993&rft.title=Abuses+in+federal+student+grant+programs%3A+hearing%2C+October+27-28%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044134-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The U.S. government and the Vietnam war: executive and legislative roles and relationships: pt. 4, July 1965-January 1968
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-83, pt. 4 Com. print
AN  - 59665464; 1994-1004412
AB  - Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. xvi+969 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xvi+969
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446007
KW  - Executive-legislative relations -- United States
KW  - Vietnamese conflict, 1961-75
KW  - United States -- President -- Relations with Congress
KW  - Vietnam -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Vietnam
KW  - United States -- Executive departments -- Relations with Congress
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044600-7) pa
N1  - Document feature - map(s), index(es)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Natural gas pipeline and current policies regarding rights-of-way: hearing, April 19, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-635
AN  - 59665450; 1994-1012003
AB  - Analyzes the events in Edison, New Jersey, Mar. 23, 1994 when an explosion and fire ripped through the Durham Woods apartments leveling eight buildings; recommendations to minimize the risks posed by pipelines. Focus on the accident's cause and need for inspection of the interstate gas transmission lines and a national safety code for pipelines.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+68 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+68
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160446872
KW  - Gas utilities -- United States -- New Jersey
KW  - Accidents -- Prevention
KW  - Right of way -- United States
KW  - Natural gas -- Pipelines -- Accidents
KW  - New Jersey -- Energy sector
KW  - Pipelines -- Safety measures
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B68&rft.isbn=0160446872&rft.btitle=Natural+gas+pipeline+and+current+policies+regarding+rights-of-way%3A+hearing%2C+April+19%2C+1994&rft.title=Natural+gas+pipeline+and+current+policies+regarding+rights-of-way%3A+hearing%2C+April+19%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044687-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Honor systems and sexual harassment at the service academies: hearing, February 3, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-550
AN  - 59665232; 1994-0806346
AB  - Eliminating the climate that permits cheating and harassment; with special reference to the US Naval Academy, US Military Academy, and the US Air Force Academy.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+256 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+256
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160443946
KW  - United States naval academy
KW  - United States military academy
KW  - Cheating (in schoolwork) -- United States
KW  - Sexual harassment -- United States
KW  - Military education -- United States
KW  - United States air force academy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B256&rft.isbn=0160443946&rft.btitle=Honor+systems+and+sexual+harassment+at+the+service+academies%3A+hearing%2C+February+3%2C+1994&rft.title=Honor+systems+and+sexual+harassment+at+the+service+academies%3A+hearing%2C+February+3%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044394-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Workshop and hearing on New Orleans Jazz National Historic Park: hearing, December 10, 1993, on S. 1586, a bill to establish the New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park in the state of Louisiana, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-503
AN  - 59664750; 1994-0802007
AB  - Location, finance, outreach programs, and other issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+142 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+142
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160442214
KW  - Jazz music -- United States -- Louisiana
KW  - New Orleans, Louisiana -- Culture
KW  - Parks, National -- United States -- Louisiana
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Impact of a unilateral United States lifting of the arms embargo on the government of Bosnia-Herzegovina: hearing, June 23, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-777
AN  - 59664470; 1994-1213136
AB  - Whether lifting the UN embargo would ruin efforts toward a peace settlement supported by the US, Russia, and the European Union, trigger resumption of violence and killing, and undermine the stability of NATO and endanger its ground forces. Implications for UN imposed sanctions on Iraq, Libya, Haiti, and North Korea.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+88 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+88
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160460204
KW  - Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Government and politics
KW  - Embargo -- Bosnia-Herzegovina
KW  - Sanctions (international law)
KW  - United Nations -- Bosnia-Herzegovina
KW  - North Atlantic treaty organization -- Bosnia-Herzegovina
KW  - Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - Mediation, International
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Bosnia-Herzegovina
KW  - Ethnic conflict -- Bosnia-Herzegovina
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Treaty Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Estonia Concerning the Encouragement and Reciprocal Protection of Investment, with annex, done at Washington on April 19, 1994: message from the president of the United States
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-38
AN  - 59664158; 1994-1206600
AB  - Bilateral investment treaty to protect US investors and assist Estonian economic development. First such treaty between the US and a Baltic state.
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. xiv+14 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xiv+14
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Estonia
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Estonia -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- Estonia
KW  - Estonia -- Economic relations -- United States
KW  - Estonia -- Economic development -- Finance
KW  - Foreign investments -- Treaties
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - United Nations peace operations: hearing, May 12, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-772
AN  - 59663496; 1994-1214556
AB  - Challenges for making UN and multinational peace enforcement operations more effective; focus on US involvement.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+83 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+83
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
KW  - United Nations -- Armed forces
KW  - Peacekeeping forces
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations
KW  - United Nations -- United States
KW  - Intervention (international law)
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Ukraine for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital: message from the president of the United States, with protocol, signed at Washington on March 4, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-30
AN  - 59663379; 1994-1206775
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. vi+50 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vi+50
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Taxation, Double -- Treaties
KW  - Tax evasion -- Treaties
KW  - Taxation -- Treaties
KW  - Ukraine -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - Income tax -- Treaties
KW  - Income tax -- Capital gains tax
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Education reform: hearing
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-501
AN  - 59662795; 1994-0801904
AB  - Proposal to give states and local districts more discretion in their use of federal funds, also known as educational flexibility.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. ii+64 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - ii+64
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441846
KW  - Federal and local government relations -- United States
KW  - Federal and state relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Educational policy
KW  - Education -- Federal aid
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044184-6) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Assistance to the newly independent states: a status report: a staff report, February 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-73 Com. print
AN  - 59662755; 1994-0506162
AB  - Examines delivery and impact of technical assistance from the US International Development Agency (AID) on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and the Russian Federation.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+22 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+22
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160440181
KW  - United States -- International development agency
KW  - Technical assistance -- Commonwealth of independent states
KW  - Commonwealth of independent states -- Economic development -- Finance
KW  - United States -- Technical assistance program -- Commonwealth of independent states
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044018-1)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Current status of the Convention on the Law of the Sea: hearing, August 11, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-737
AN  - 59662568; 1994-1208717
AB  - Reflects some US support for commercial and military navigation and overflight provisions, and criticism of Part XI regarding mining of seabed resources.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+94 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+94
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160459354
KW  - Mineral rights -- International aspects
KW  - Law of the sea conference, 1973-82
KW  - Marine resources -- International cooperation
KW  - Maritime law -- Treaties
KW  - Freedom of the seas
KW  - Ocean bottom -- Legal aspects
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Document feature - il(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. policy toward Haiti: hearing, March 8, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-567
AN  - 59662319; 1994-0909609
AB  - Examines issues surrounding treatment of Haitian refugees and questions willingness of the US administration to push for tougher measures against the military leadership in Haiti.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+140 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+140
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160444357
KW  - Haiti -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Immigration policy
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Haiti
KW  - Aristide, Jean-Bertrand
KW  - Refugees, Haitian -- Legal status, laws, etc.
KW  - Military government -- Haiti
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044435-7) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - When will policyholders be given the truth about life insurance? hearing, May 25, 1993, on examining state regulations and the adequacy of information available to consumers of life insurance
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-15 S. hearing 103-517
AN  - 59662096; 1994-0811385
AB  - Need for tighter regulation of the insurance business to prevent misleading information being given to consumers by companies.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+346 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+346
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160443601
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - United States -- Insurance sector
KW  - Insurance -- Regulation
KW  - Life insurance -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044360-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - World food production: hearing
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-487
AN  - 59661708; 1994-0706178
AB  - Examines the economic and environmental consequences of our overuse of the three basic systems on which we depend for food; whether fisheries, rangelands, and croplands can keep up with population growth.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+107 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+107
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441285
KW  - Agriculture
KW  - Marine resources
KW  - Agriculture -- Economic aspects
KW  - Environment -- Economic aspects
KW  - Food supply
KW  - Population growth
KW  - Environmental policy
KW  - Production, Agricultural
KW  - Agricultural policy -- Environmental aspects
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044128-5) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Single-payer health care systems: issues and options: hearing, October 19, 1993, to provide for a state administered single-payer health care system in the United States, focusing on access to quality health care and cost control issues
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-500
AN  - 59661457; 1994-0802627
AB  - Effects of managed care networks on physician-patient relationships, whether states have a right to implement such systems if the federal government does not, and other issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+97 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+97
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441870
KW  - Federal and state relations -- United States
KW  - Medical economics -- United States
KW  - United States -- Health policy
KW  - Physician and patient -- United States
KW  - Medical service -- Costs
KW  - Cost control
KW  - Health insurance -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044187-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Charitable solicitation fraud: hearing, October 11, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-372
AN  - 59661183; 1994-0313909
AB  - Problems and tactics used in telefunding fraud; suggestions as to how consumers and legitimate charitable organizations can protect themselves, and federal and state legislative efforts to combat it.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+59 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+59
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434661
KW  - Money raising campaigns -- Ethics
KW  - Philanthropy -- United States
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - Telephone in fund raising -- Regulation
KW  - Telephone selling -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043466-1) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hardrock Mining Reform Act of 1993: hearing, May 4, 1993, on S. 775, to modify the requirements applicable to locatable minerals on public lands, consistent with the principles of self-initiation of mining claims, and for other purposes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-387
AN  - 59660769; 1994-0502823
AB  - Examines various royalty proposals and methodology and their impact on federal revenues, jobs, and industry profits.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+205 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+205
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435056
KW  - Mining law -- United States
KW  - Mining leases -- Royalties
KW  - Public lands -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - Mining industry -- Regulation
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043505-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Confiscated property of American citizens overseas: cases in Honduras, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua: a Republican staff report, March 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Com. print S. print 103-77
AN  - 59660504; 1994-0505653
AB  - Failure of the State Department to protect US property and investment; recommendations. Focus on denying foreign assistance and debt forgiveness to governments that expropriate property owned by US citizens, denying visas for travel to the US, and strengthening existing laws.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. xi+57 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - xi+57
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044036X
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Costa Rica
KW  - Foreign investments -- American
KW  - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Developing countries
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Honduras
KW  - Expropriation
KW  - Compensation (law)
KW  - United States -- State department
KW  - Right of property
KW  - Foreign investments -- American -- Nicaragua
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044036-X) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Resolution Trust Corporation whistleblowers: hearing, September 23, 1993, on waste, fraud, abuse, mismanagement, misconduct, harassment, and discrimination at the Resolution Trust Corporation
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-435
AN  - 59660375; 1994-0505401
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+539 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+539
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160439450
KW  - Whistle blowing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Resolution trust corporation
KW  - Commercial crimes -- United States
KW  - Discrimination -- United States
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - Corruption -- United States
KW  - Harassment -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043945-0) pa
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Creating public service jobs: hearing, January 27, 1994, on examining proposals to reform the current welfare system and the system of producing public sector employment
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-484
AN  - 59659946; 1994-0800560
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+66 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+66
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441080
KW  - Work relief -- United States
KW  - Unemployment -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social conditions
KW  - United States -- Public sector
KW  - Public welfare -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044108-0) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons: message from the president of the United States transmitting the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or To Have Indiscriminate Effects, and two accompanying protocols on Non-Detectable Fragments (Protocol I) and on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices (Protocol II)
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-25
AN  - 59659943; 1994-0710951
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. viii+23 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+23
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- President -- Messages
KW  - War (international law)
KW  - Munitions -- Treaties
KW  - Arms limitation -- Treaties
KW  - Land mines -- Treaties
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Libraries and their role in the information infrastructure: hearing, April 19, 1994, on examining the role of libraries in developing America's new information infrastructure
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-569
AN  - 59659889; 1994-0809758
AB  - Focus on what the federal government can do to encourage public libraries and public utilization of information technology.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+96 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+96
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160444659
KW  - Information services -- United States
KW  - Libraries, Public -- United States
KW  - Information processing systems -- Social aspects
KW  - United States -- Educational sector
KW  - Library information networks -- United States
KW  - United States -- Technology policy
KW  - Internet
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044465-9) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Results of the Uruguay Round trade negotiations: hearings, February 8-March 23, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-667
AN  - 59659665; 1994-1010415
AB  - Examines the GATT agreement finalized in Dec. 1993; issues affecting US economic and commercial policy, including establishment of the World Trade Organization.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. vii+398 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vii+398
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447674
KW  - United States -- Commercial treaties and agreements
KW  - World trade organization
KW  - General agreement on tariffs and trade
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044767-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Creating a national employment training system: hearing, March 10, 1994, on examining proposals to create a national employment system by consolidating various current federal job training programs
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-673
AN  - 59659573; 1994-1010100
AB  - Making more efficient and cost effective worker training and development programs at the federal, state, and local levels; recommendations.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+90 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+90
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160447879
KW  - Unemployment relief
KW  - Employees -- Training
KW  - Vocational education -- United States
KW  - United States -- Labor policy
KW  - Manpower utilization -- United States
KW  - Retraining, Occupational -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044787-9) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - National dairy summit: hearing, June 21, 1993, on the state of the U.S. dairy industry
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-381
AN  - 59659539; 1994-0307879
AB  - Recommends policies to help dairy farmers and the industry, relating to supply management, pricing, price supports, and domestic and international marketing.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+182 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+182
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016043503X
KW  - Agricultural products -- Price supports
KW  - Milk trade -- United States
KW  - Dairy industry -- Supply and demand
KW  - Dairy industry -- Marketing
KW  - Dairy industry -- United States
KW  - United States -- Agricultural policy
KW  - Dairy industry -- Prices
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043503-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 616, Veterans' Compensation COLA Act of 1993, and oversight of VA claims processing and adjudication: hearing, March 24, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-492
AN  - 59659076; 1994-0710949
AB  - Proposed cost-of-living adjustments for disability pension and survivors' compensation; quality and timeliness of the claims process.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+68 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+68
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441498
KW  - United States -- Veterans affairs department
KW  - Disability pensions -- Cost-of-living adjustments
KW  - Survivors' benefits -- Cost-of-living adjustments
KW  - Veterans -- Benefits
KW  - Military pensions -- Cost-of-living adjustments
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044149-8) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Export Administration Act of 1994: hearings, February 3 and 24, 1994, on amending the Export Administration Act to bring existing controls more into line with today's political and economic realities; the first and most significant reason for a new Act was the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact Alliance; a second major development is the increasing proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery by the nations of Iraq and North Korea
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-538
AN  - 59658061; 1994-0810282
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+216 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+216
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160443350
KW  - Strategic materials -- Export-import trade -- Regulation
KW  - Export-import trade -- Regulation
KW  - Technology transfer -- Regulation
KW  - Weapons of mass destruction
KW  - High technology industries -- Export-import trade -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Child care for working families: real welfare reform: hearing, February 24, 1994, on examining welfare reform issues, focusing on child care for working families
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-541
AN  - 59658014; 1994-0809974
AB  - Proposed legislation to help low-income parents afford the quality care their children need; focus on its developmental effect.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+123 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+123
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160443474
KW  - Child care -- United States
KW  - Family -- United States
KW  - Child welfare -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Day care centers -- United States
KW  - Public welfare -- United States
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - International peacekeeping and peace enforcement: hearing, July 14, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-353
AN  - 59658002; 1994-0310775
AB  - Focuses on opportunities that the US has to increase its reliance on collective security by acting with other nations on peacekeeping missions through the UN.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+74 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+74
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434262
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in foreign countries
KW  - Peacekeeping forces
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations
KW  - International security
KW  - Intervention (international law)
KW  - United Nations -- United States
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Youth violence: a community response: hearing, June 1-2, 1993, on experience and reaction to trends regarding juvenile violence within the jurisdictions of Phoenix and Tucson, AZ
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-17 S. hearing 103-319
AN  - 59657917; 1994-0402857
AB  - Special reference to the Genesis program at Phoenix College.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+285 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+285
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434521
KW  - Violence -- United States -- Arizona
KW  - Youth and law -- United States -- Arizona
KW  - Juvenile delinquents -- United States -- Arizona
KW  - Social service -- Work with youth
KW  - Schools -- Community relations
KW  - Phoenix, Arizona -- Law enforcement
KW  - Drug traffic -- United States -- Arizona
KW  - Tucson, Arizona -- Law enforcement
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Reform and savings acts for the Department of the Interior and the Department of Energy: hearing, November 16, 1993, on S. 1637, the Department of the Interior Reform and Savings Act of 1993, S. 1638, the Department of Energy Reform and Savings Act of 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-392
AN  - 59657690; 1994-0506580
AB  - Proposals regarding mineral resources, power resources, and power marketing, taken from the Clinton administration's "Reinventing Government" initiative. Initiatives for changes in the federal helium program, improved royalty collections by the Mineral Management Service, phasing-out of the mineral institutes program, sale of the Alaska Power Administration's assets, refinancing of the debt of other power marketing administrations, and generation of power by private companies at federal installations for sale off-site.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+114 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+114
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435412
KW  - Government agencies -- Evaluation
KW  - Power resources -- United States
KW  - Efficiency, Administrative -- United States
KW  - Public administration -- United States
KW  - Mines and mineral resources -- United States
KW  - United States -- Interior department
KW  - United States -- Government and politics
KW  - United States -- Energy department
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043541-2) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Federal financial programs affecting commercial fisheries: hearing, June 8, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-339
AN  - 59657242; 1994-0402023
AB  - Examines depletion of US fisheries and possible increase in federal aid.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+58 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+58
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435013
KW  - Fish industry -- United States
KW  - Marine resources -- Conservation
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043501-3) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Oversight on the Fastener Quality Act: hearing, July 28, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-366
AN  - 59657040; 1994-0403847
AB  - Issues related to substandard and counterfeit products, regulation, cost and effectiveness of special bolts, screws, and fasteners used in safety-related applications in motor vehicles, aircraft, bridges, and buildings.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+38 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+38
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434416
KW  - Bolts and nuts industry -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Product safety -- United States
KW  - Cost effectiveness
KW  - Fastenings -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - United States -- Industries
KW  - Counterfeiting -- United States
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043441-6)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Criminal aliens in the United States: hearings, November 10 and 16, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-493
AN  - 59656901; 1994-0810268
AB  - Examines performance of the Immigration and Naturalization Service in administering the Alien Criminal Apprehensions program initiated in June 1993; identification of criminals, process by which they are found deportable, and actions needed to effectuate their deportation.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+106 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+106
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016044148X
KW  - Deportation
KW  - Crime and criminals -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social conditions
KW  - United States -- Immigration and naturalization service
KW  - Aliens, Illegal -- United States
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044148-X) pa
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Crisis in Sudan: hearing, May 4, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-395
AN  - 59656839; 1994-0313187
AB  - Humanitarian assistance to alleviate starvation and efforts to end the conflict in southern Sudan; US policy options. Examines Nigerian-sponsored peace negotiations in Abuja, Nigeria, between the Sudanese government and the Sudanese People's Liberation Army (SPLA); UN initiatives.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+60 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+60
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435579
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Sudan
KW  - Sudan -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - Sudan -- Government and politics
KW  - International relief
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043557-9) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Impact of IMF/World Bank policies toward Russia and the Russian economy: hearing, February 8, 1994, on the recent elections in Russia highlight concerns that the conditionality policies of the IMF and World Bank may be having an adverse impact on the stability of the Russian economy and the viability of Russia's move toward democracy; IMF and World Bank financial assistance to Russia appears to be contingent upon economic reforms which stress removal of price controls, tax increases, budget stringency, and the financing of badly needed social services
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-508
AN  - 59656637; 1994-0709201
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+100 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+100
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160442311
KW  - Economic stabilization -- Russia (Federative Republic)
KW  - Conditionality
KW  - Russia (Federative Republic) -- Economic conditions
KW  - Russia (Federative Republic) -- Economic policy
KW  - International bank for reconstruction and development -- Russia (Federative Republic)
KW  - International monetary fund -- Russia (Federative Republic)
KW  - Economic assistance -- Russia (Federative Republic)
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044231-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Terrorism and America: a comprehensive review of the threat, policy, and law: hearings, April 21-22, 1993, on examining the scope of current threats of terrorism to the United States and its allies, focusing on explosives and explosives regulation, and related extradition, international law, and immigration issues
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-9 S. hearing 103-581
AN  - 59656576; 1994-0810321
AB  - Reviews US and international counterterrorism measures; in light of the World Trade Center bombing.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+174 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+174
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445043
KW  - Violence -- United States
KW  - Terrorism -- United States
KW  - Bombings (political) -- United States
KW  - New York, New York -- World trade center
KW  - Counterterrorism -- United States
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044504-3) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 1537, the Technology Commercialization Act of 1993: hearing, October 26, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-368
AN  - 59656297; 1994-0312503
AB  - Promotion of greater cooperation between federal research laboratories and US industry; some focus on ability of the laboratories to claim ownership of jointly developed intellectual property.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+46 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+46
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434815
KW  - Government-sponsored research -- United States
KW  - Industrial property -- United States
KW  - Industrial cooperation -- United States
KW  - Research and development -- United States
KW  - United States -- Technology policy
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043481-5)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. policy in Somalia: hearing, July 29, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-355
AN  - 59656114; 1994-0311739
AB  - Examines the UN peacekeeping effort, focusing on role of US armed forces.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+22 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+22
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016043422X
KW  - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in Somalia
KW  - Peacekeeping forces -- Somalia
KW  - United Nations -- Armed forces -- Forces in Somalia
KW  - Somalia -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - United Nations -- Somalia
KW  - Intervention (international law)
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Somalia
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043422-X)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. environmental technology in the global marketplace: hearing, June 24, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-388
AN  - 59655967; 1994-0401805
AB  - Importance of the "envirotech industry", or export of environmental products and services to developing countries in order to create high technology jobs in the US.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+74 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+74
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435358
KW  - Export marketing
KW  - Technology transfer -- Developing countries
KW  - Employment -- High technology industries
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043535-8) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. international drug control policy: recent experience, future options: seminar proceedings, February 2, 1994
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-58 Com. print
AN  - 59655964; 1994-0400687
AB  - Assesses effectiveness of overseas anti-drug efforts, border protection, interdiction programs, crop substitution, and law enforcement; need for a new international and domestic approach.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. vii+42 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vii+42
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435846
KW  - Drug traffic -- International aspects
KW  - Law enforcement -- International cooperation
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations
KW  - Drug addicts -- Care and treatment
KW  - Narcotics -- Regulation
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043584-6)
N1  - Document feature - chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Hearing on public land use impact on small business, September 4, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-380
AN  - 59655471; 1994-0313303
AB  - Examines how changes in forest management, including wilderness proposals, would effect the economy of the Black Hills region, South Dakota. Focuses on employment-related income from the timber industry, mining, manufacturing, tourism and recreation, and small business.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+235 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+235
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434696
KW  - Public lands -- United States -- South Dakota
KW  - Employment -- United States -- South Dakota
KW  - Lumber industry -- United States -- South Dakota
KW  - South Dakota -- Economic development -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Small business -- United States -- South Dakota
KW  - Land utilization -- United States -- South Dakota
KW  - Forestry -- United States -- South Dakota
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043469-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Innocence and the death penalty: hearing, April 1, 1993, on S. 221, a bill to allow a prisoner under sentence of death to obtain judicial review of newly discovered evidence showing that he is probably innocent
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-103-8 S. hearing 103-468
AN  - 59654914; 1994-0802564
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+176 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+176
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160442036
KW  - Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc.
KW  - United States -- Constitution -- Eighth amendment
KW  - Evidence -- United States
KW  - Executions and executioners -- United States
KW  - Capital punishment -- United States
KW  - Judicial review -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044203-6) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Environmental issues and military base closings: hearings, May 27, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess.
AN  - 59654539; 1994-0511694
AB  - Funding and clean up of hazardous wastes and pollutants so that bases can be put to productive economic use; focus on protection of human health and the environment. Examines the Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act (CERFA) and turnover of clean land, and role of the EPA.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+134 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+134
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160440068
KW  - United States -- Government property
KW  - Pollution -- United States
KW  - Environmental health -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defenses -- Economic aspects
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy -- Economic aspects
KW  - Military bases -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Military demobilization -- United States
KW  - Hazardous materials -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B134&rft.isbn=0160440068&rft.btitle=Environmental+issues+and+military+base+closings%3A+hearings%2C+May+27%2C+1993&rft.title=Environmental+issues+and+military+base+closings%3A+hearings%2C+May+27%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044006-8) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - International consumer fraud: can consumers be protected? hearing, October 15, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-590
AN  - 59653643; 1994-0810636
AB  - Examines telemarketing fraud operating out of Canada and preying on US citizens, and difficulties of international law enforcement.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+71 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+71
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160445345
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - Law enforcement -- International cooperation
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - Advertising, Fraudulent -- United States
KW  - Telephone selling -- United States
KW  - Swindlers and swindling -- United States
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B71&rft.isbn=0160445345&rft.btitle=International+consumer+fraud%3A+can+consumers+be+protected%3F+hearing%2C+October+15%2C+1993&rft.title=International+consumer+fraud%3A+can+consumers+be+protected%3F+hearing%2C+October+15%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044534-5) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - U.S. policies toward Liberia, Togo, and Zaire: hearing, June 9, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-357
AN  - 59653600; 1994-0307704
AB  - Focuses on special responsibilities of US towards Liberia in light of civil war and human rights abuses; examines democratic transition in Togo and crisis in Zaire. Advocates continued support of the UN and Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) peacekeeping and crisis mediation efforts.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+54 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+54
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434238
KW  - Ethnic conflict -- Liberia
KW  - Economic community of West African states
KW  - Togo -- Government and politics
KW  - Democracy -- Togo
KW  - Zaire -- Government and politics
KW  - Human rights -- Liberia
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations
KW  - Liberia -- Government and politics
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B54&rft.isbn=0160434238&rft.btitle=U.S.+policies+toward+Liberia%2C+Togo%2C+and+Zaire%3A+hearing%2C+June+9%2C+1993&rft.title=U.S.+policies+toward+Liberia%2C+Togo%2C+and+Zaire%3A+hearing%2C+June+9%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043423-8) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - S. 334, Clean Campaign Act of 1993; S. 329, Campaign Advertising and Disclosure Act of 1993; and S. 829, Campaign Advertising Accountability Act of 1993: hearing, May 13, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-345
AN  - 59653113; 1994-0508522
AB  - Use of broadcast time to attack opponents and of political action committees' money to air advertisements on broadcast stations, enhancing information provided to voters, ensuring that candidates obtain the lowest unit charge for campaign advertisement, and other issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+62 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+62
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434009
KW  - Broadcasting -- Political uses
KW  - Television -- Political uses
KW  - Campaigns, Political -- United States
KW  - Radio -- Political uses
KW  - Communication in politics -- United States
KW  - United States -- Media -- Regulation
KW  - Advertising, Political -- United States
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B62&rft.isbn=0160434009&rft.btitle=S.+334%2C+Clean+Campaign+Act+of+1993%3B+S.+329%2C+Campaign+Advertising+and+Disclosure+Act+of+1993%3B+and+S.+829%2C+Campaign+Advertising+Accountability+Act+of+1993%3A+hearing%2C+May+13%2C+1993&rft.title=S.+334%2C+Clean+Campaign+Act+of+1993%3B+S.+329%2C+Campaign+Advertising+and+Disclosure+Act+of+1993%3B+and+S.+829%2C+Campaign+Advertising+Accountability+Act+of+1993%3A+hearing%2C+May+13%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043400-9) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - United States-Japan trade policy: hearing, July 22, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-354
AN  - 59653049; 1994-0311309
AB  - Focuses on the Framework Agreement, sectoral and structural reforms that address problems of trade imbalance and import penetration, and Japan's patent practices. Special reference to computers, supercomputers, satellites, medical technology, and telecommunications.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+104 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+104
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434092
KW  - Export-import trade -- Regulation
KW  - Japan -- Economic relations -- United States
KW  - Japan -- Commercial policy
KW  - Patents -- Japan
KW  - United States -- Economic relations -- Japan
KW  - Balance of trade
KW  - United States -- Commercial policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B104&rft.isbn=0160434092&rft.btitle=United+States-Japan+trade+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+22%2C+1993&rft.title=United+States-Japan+trade+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+22%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043409-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), diag(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Oversight hearing on the mutual fund industry: hearing, November 10, 1993, on the importance of mutual funds to the economy and to investers and to look at the adequacy of current federal oversight over the industry and the possible need for legislative or regulatory changes
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-382
AN  - 59652947; 1994-0506528
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+105 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+105
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434890
KW  - United States -- Finance -- Regulation
KW  - Investment trusts -- United States
KW  - Investment trusts -- Regulation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59652947?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B105&rft.isbn=0160434890&rft.btitle=Oversight+hearing+on+the+mutual+fund+industry%3A+hearing%2C+November+10%2C+1993%2C+on+the+importance+of+mutual+funds+to+the+economy+and+to+investers+and+to+look+at+the+adequacy+of+current+federal+oversight+over+the+industry+and+the+possible+need+for+legislative+or+regulatory+changes&rft.title=Oversight+hearing+on+the+mutual+fund+industry%3A+hearing%2C+November+10%2C+1993%2C+on+the+importance+of+mutual+funds+to+the+economy+and+to+investers+and+to+look+at+the+adequacy+of+current+federal+oversight+over+the+industry+and+the+possible+need+for+legislative+or+regulatory+changes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043489-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - New research on the potential health risks of carpets: hearing, October 1, 1992
T2  - 102d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 102-1148
AN  - 59652760; 1994-0506225
AB  - Examines new evidence that some carpets may release toxic chemicals into the air; implications for the carpet industry, scientific community, and federal environmental, health, and consumer protection agencies.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+221 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+221
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434106
KW  - Floor coverings -- United States
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - Product safety -- United States
KW  - Carpet industry -- United States
KW  - Environmental health -- United States
KW  - United States -- Environmental conditions
KW  - Public health -- United States
KW  - Indoor air pollution -- United States
KW  - Hazardous materials -- United States
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - NAFTA job claims: truth in statistics? hearing, November 10, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-386
AN  - 59652633; 1994-0312541
AB  - Examination of assumptions and methodologies used by the Clinton administration in determining impact on US employment.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+38 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+38
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435048
KW  - Employment -- United States
KW  - Free trade and protection -- Labor aspects
KW  - United States -- Labor sector
KW  - North American free trade agreement
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Ocean mining technology: hearing, November 4, 1993, on the current status and future potential of technology used to explore and mine the oceans
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-408
AN  - 59652620; 1994-0704706
AB  - Development of technologies that could make ocean mineral exploitation commercially feasible and environmentally responsible; focus on deep seabed mining in the exclusive economic zone.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+134 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+134
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160441307
KW  - Mining industry -- Underwater operations -- Environmental aspects
KW  - Ocean bottom
KW  - Exclusive economic zones -- United States
KW  - Mines and mineral resources -- United States
KW  - Technological innovations -- United States
KW  - United States -- Technology policy
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TY  - BOOK
T1  - Nuclear safety assistance to Russia, Ukraine, and Eastern Europe: hearing, October 28, 1993, on the U.S. nuclear safety assistance to Russia, Ukraine, and the nations of Eastern Europe operating Soviet-built nuclear powerplants
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-338
AN  - 59651901; 1994-0311828
AB  - Coordinating US efforts and obtaining international cooperation to reduce the risk of a nuclear accident.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+72 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+72
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160433827
KW  - United States -- Technical assistance program
KW  - Eastern Europe -- Energy sector
KW  - Atomic power -- Safety measures -- International cooperation
KW  - Russian Federation -- Energy sector
KW  - Ukraine -- Energy sector
KW  - Atomic power plants -- Safety measures
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Employee stock options: hearing, October 21, 1993, on the proposal by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) exposure draft, "accounting for stock-based compensation," to require companies to record a charge to their earnings upon the grant of an employee stock option
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-359
AN  - 59650990; 1994-0508320
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+196 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+196
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016043467X
KW  - United States -- Business enterprises
KW  - Employees as stockholders -- United States
KW  - Stock purchase options -- Regulation
KW  - Financial accounting standards board
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ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Implications of the Fair Labor Standards Act for inmates, correctional institutions, private industry, and labor: hearing, October 28, 1993, on S. 1115
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-385
AN  - 59650616; 1994-0409027
AB  - Proposed legislation which ensures that minimum wage requirements do not apply to inmates who work for prison systems; application to prisoners claiming protection.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+46 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+46
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435064
KW  - Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc.
KW  - Minimum wage -- United States
KW  - Labor standards -- United States -- Legislation
KW  - Convict labor -- United States
KW  - Prisons -- United States
KW  - Wages and salaries -- Prisoners
KW  - United States -- Labor sector
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043506-4)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - United States-Japan trade negotiations: hearing, November 8, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-399
AN  - 59650516; 1994-0505588
AB  - Examines problems in government procurement, regulatory reform and competitiveness policy, key industrial sectors, Japanese investment restrictions, intellectual property laws and technology access, and enforcement of trade agreements.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+94 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+94
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435625
KW  - Japan -- Commerce -- United States
KW  - United States -- Commerce -- Japan
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
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N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Balanced Budget Amendment: S.J. Res. 41: hearings, on S.J. Res. 41, a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require a balanced budget; special hearings
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-423
AN  - 59650237; 1994-0313745
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+400 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+400
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160436672
KW  - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures
KW  - Deficit financing -- United States
KW  - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments
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LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043667-2) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Lessons learned by the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission and the Department of Defense concerning the 1993 base closure process; and a proposed land exchange regarding portions of Fort Sheridan, Illinois, and a site in Arlington, Virginia: hearing, September 29, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-391
AN  - 59649117; 1994-0311854
AB  - Possible amendments to the 1990 Defense Base Closure Act and other changes.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+120 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+120
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016043520X
KW  - United States -- Defenses -- Economic aspects
KW  - United States -- Defense base closure and realignment commission
KW  - Military demobilization -- United States
KW  - Military bases -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defense department
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043520-X) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Thirty-fourth meeting of the Canada-United States interparliamentary group, May 13-17, 1993: report of the chairman to the Senate delegation pursuant to Public Law 42, 86th Congress
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. print 103-70 Com. print
AN  - 59648795; 1994-0508039
AB  - NAFTA, trade and economics, international concerns, security, energy, environment, fisheries, and multilateral issues.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. vii+34 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - vii+34
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160439620
KW  - United States -- Commerce -- Canada
KW  - Canada -- Foreign relations -- United States
KW  - United States and Canada
KW  - United States -- Foreign relations -- Canada
KW  - North American free trade agreement
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii%2B34&rft.isbn=0160439620&rft.btitle=Thirty-fourth+meeting+of+the+Canada-United+States+interparliamentary+group%2C+May+13-17%2C+1993%3A+report+of+the+chairman+to+the+Senate+delegation+pursuant+to+Public+Law+42%2C+86th+Congress&rft.title=Thirty-fourth+meeting+of+the+Canada-United+States+interparliamentary+group%2C+May+13-17%2C+1993%3A+report+of+the+chairman+to+the+Senate+delegation+pursuant+to+Public+Law+42%2C+86th+Congress&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043962-0)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The Fair Trade in Financial Services Act of 1993--S. 1527: hearing, October 26, 1993, on S. 1527 is designed to give U.S. negotiators new leverage to obtain the same equality of competitive opportunity for U.S. financial firms operating in foreign markets that we extend to foreign firms in our markets
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-396
AN  - 59648022; 1994-0506617
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+87 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+87
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160435722
KW  - Competition, Unfair -- United States
KW  - United States -- Service sector
KW  - International finance
KW  - Financial intermediaries -- Regulation
KW  - Competition, International
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59648022?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B87&rft.isbn=0160435722&rft.btitle=The+Fair+Trade+in+Financial+Services+Act+of+1993--S.+1527%3A+hearing%2C+October+26%2C+1993%2C+on+S.+1527+is+designed+to+give+U.S.+negotiators+new+leverage+to+obtain+the+same+equality+of+competitive+opportunity+for+U.S.+financial+firms+operating+in+foreign+markets+that+we+extend+to+foreign+firms+in+our+markets&rft.title=The+Fair+Trade+in+Financial+Services+Act+of+1993--S.+1527%3A+hearing%2C+October+26%2C+1993%2C+on+S.+1527+is+designed+to+give+U.S.+negotiators+new+leverage+to+obtain+the+same+equality+of+competitive+opportunity+for+U.S.+financial+firms+operating+in+foreign+markets+that+we+extend+to+foreign+firms+in+our+markets&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
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N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043572-2) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Biomedical ethics and U.S. public policy: hearing, October 14, 1993, on examining the federal role in addressing the social, legal, and ethical issues raised by advances in biomedical research and technology
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-378
AN  - 59647381; 1994-0308592
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+85 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+85
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434580
KW  - Bioethics -- United States
KW  - Medical ethics -- United States
KW  - Medical research -- Experimentation on humans
KW  - Biotechnology -- United States
KW  - United States -- Health policy
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043458-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Auto salvage and S. 431, S. 485 and S. 1232: hearing, August 3, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-371
AN  - 59646686; 1994-0311412
AB  - Proposed legislation to provide consumers with more information about used or rebuilt cars they purchase, motor vehicle title and salvage fraud, and state lemon laws. S. 431, the Vehicle Damage Disclosure Act; S. 485, the Automobile Damage Consumer Protection Act; and S. 1232, the Motor Vehicle Cost Savings Act.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+48 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+48
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434424
KW  - Consumer protection -- United States
KW  - Motor vehicle industry -- United States
KW  - United States -- Transportation sector
KW  - Fraud -- United States
KW  - Motor vehicle industry -- Dealers -- Regulation
KW  - Motor vehicles, Used -- Regulation
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043442-4) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - How NAFTA will affect U.S. agriculture: hearing, September 21, 1993, on the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on U.S. agriculture
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-465
AN  - 59646368; 1994-0509118
AB  - In terms of market access, tariffs, employment, and farm income.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+170 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+170
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160440386
KW  - Agriculture -- Economic aspects
KW  - Free trade and protection
KW  - Agriculture -- United States
KW  - Mexico -- Commercial policy
KW  - United States -- Agricultural sector
KW  - Family farms -- United States
KW  - North America -- Economic union
KW  - North American free trade agreement
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-044038-6) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels on the High Seas: message from the president of the United States transmitting the Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels on the High Seas, which was adopted at Rome by consensus by the Conference of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization on November 24, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Treaty doc. 103-24
AN  - 59645857; 1994-0606049
AB  - Reviews the basic provisions of the agreement.
JF  - Washington, DC 20510, 1994. viii+10 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - viii+10
PB  - Washington, DC 20510
KW  - United States -- President -- Messages
KW  - Environmental policy -- International cooperation
KW  - Fishing boats -- Regulation
KW  - Fisheries -- Treaties
KW  - Maritime law
KW  - Fisheries -- Conservation
KW  - Marine resources -- Conservation
KW  - United States -- Environmental policy
KW  - Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=viii%2B10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Agreement+to+Promote+Compliance+with+International+Conservation+and+Management+Measures+by+Fishing+Vessels+on+the+High+Seas%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+Agreement+to+Promote+Compliance+with+International+Conservation+and+Management+Measures+by+Fishing+Vessels+on+the+High+Seas%2C+which+was+adopted+at+Rome+by+consensus+by+the+Conference+of+the+United+Nations+Food+and+Agriculture+Organization+on+November+24%2C+1993&rft.title=Agreement+to+Promote+Compliance+with+International+Conservation+and+Management+Measures+by+Fishing+Vessels+on+the+High+Seas%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+Agreement+to+Promote+Compliance+with+International+Conservation+and+Management+Measures+by+Fishing+Vessels+on+the+High+Seas%2C+which+was+adopted+at+Rome+by+consensus+by+the+Conference+of+the+United+Nations+Food+and+Agriculture+Organization+on+November+24%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Washington, DC 20510
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Evaluation of the U.S. strategic nuclear triad: hearing, June 10, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-457
AN  - 59644506; 1994-0410474
AB  - Examines components and capabilities of land-based, sea-based, and air-based atomic weapons delivery systems, in light of changing US military policy in the post-cold war era.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+128 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+128
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 016043971X
KW  - Atomic warfare -- Strategy
KW  - Atomic weapons -- United States
KW  - United States -- Defenses
KW  - United States -- Military policy
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B128&rft.isbn=016043971X&rft.btitle=Evaluation+of+the+U.S.+strategic+nuclear+triad%3A+hearing%2C+June+10%2C+1993&rft.title=Evaluation+of+the+U.S.+strategic+nuclear+triad%3A+hearing%2C+June+10%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043971-X) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Social Security taxes for domestic workers: hearing, July 21, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-445
AN  - 59644356; 1994-0410133
AB  - Focus on distinguishing between employee and independent contractor.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iv+53 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iv+53
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160439310
KW  - Independent contractors -- Tax aspects
KW  - Domestic service -- Tax aspects
KW  - United States -- Social security administration
KW  - Withholding tax -- United States
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043931-0) pa
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Higher education in Africa: hearing, May 17, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-356
AN  - 59643051; 1994-0307108
AB  - Deterioration and crisis in colleges and universities and its economic consequences; role of US Agency for International Development in trying to reverse the decline.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+59 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+59
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434211
KW  - United States -- International development agency
KW  - Africa -- Educational policy
KW  - Education -- Economic aspects
KW  - Africa -- Educational sector
KW  - Educational assistance -- Africa
KW  - Colleges and universities -- Africa
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B59&rft.isbn=0160434211&rft.btitle=Higher+education+in+Africa%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1993&rft.title=Higher+education+in+Africa%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043421-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Children and gun violence: hearings, June 9 and September 13, 1993, on S. 1087, a bill to amend Title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the possession of a handgun or ammunition by, or the private transfer of a handgun or ammunition to, a juvenile
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-393 Serial no. J-103-18
AN  - 59642757; 1994-0410765
AB  - Some focus on school violence; reasons why juveniles carry handguns.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. v+192 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - v+192
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160439280
KW  - Firearms -- United States
KW  - Violence -- United States
KW  - Crime prevention -- United States
KW  - Firearms -- Regulation
KW  - School violence -- United States
KW  - United States -- Social policy
KW  - Juvenile delinquents -- United States
KW  - United States -- Law enforcement
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B192&rft.isbn=0160439280&rft.btitle=Children+and+gun+violence%3A+hearings%2C+June+9+and+September+13%2C+1993%2C+on+S.+1087%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Title+18%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+prohibit+the+possession+of+a+handgun+or+ammunition+by%2C+or+the+private+transfer+of+a+handgun+or+ammunition+to%2C+a+juvenile&rft.title=Children+and+gun+violence%3A+hearings%2C+June+9+and+September+13%2C+1993%2C+on+S.+1087%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Title+18%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+prohibit+the+possession+of+a+handgun+or+ammunition+by%2C+or+the+private+transfer+of+a+handgun+or+ammunition+to%2C+a+juvenile&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043928-0) pa
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Small business development in Indian country: hearing, September 3, 1993
T2  - 103d Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 103-344
AN  - 59640998; 1994-0307273
AB  - Economic development and job creation on or near reservations, with particular reference to the Pine Ridge Indian reservation, South Dakota. Examines legislation to create a pilot mentorship for American Indian small enterprise (MAISE); and tax incentives to encourage private-sector investment.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents, 1994. iii+140 pp.
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
EP  - iii+140
PB  - Superintendent of Documents
SN  - 0160434351
KW  - South Dakota -- Economic development
KW  - South Dakota -- Native races
KW  - Small business -- United States -- South Dakota
KW  - Indians -- Reservations
KW  - Indians -- Economic conditions
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B140&rft.isbn=0160434351&rft.btitle=Small+business+development+in+Indian+country%3A+hearing%2C+September+3%2C+1993&rft.title=Small+business+development+in+Indian+country%3A+hearing%2C+September+3%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-043435-1) pa
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - 4. Internationaler Kongress Leitungsbau
TT  - 4th international congress on Pipeline construction; invitational program
AN  - 51719813; 2005-035350
JF  - 4. Internationaler Kongress Leitungsbau
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 103
PB  - Bertelsmann Fachzeitschr., Gutersloh
KW  - aquifer vulnerability
KW  - symposia
KW  - waste water
KW  - underground installations
KW  - waste disposal sites
KW  - construction
KW  - underground channels
KW  - pipelines
KW  - structures
KW  - ground water
KW  - 30:Engineering geology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=4.+Internationaler+Kongress+Leitungsbau&rft.title=4.+Internationaler+Kongress+Leitungsbau&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - German
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Conference title - 4. Internationaler Kongress Leitungsbau
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Geoline, Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, Hanover, Germany
N1  - Date revised - 2005-01-01
N1  - Document feature - illus.
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - The society and its environment
T2  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
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AN  - 43945971; A202918
JF  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
AU  - (Deeb, M-J.)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 67
EP  - 125
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Algeria
KW  - DZA.SOC:Algeria Social studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43945971?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+society+and+its+environment&rft.au=%28Deeb%2C+M-J.%29&rft.aulast=%28Deeb&rft.aufirst=M-J.%29&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - Historical setting
T2  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43942541; A202943
JF  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
AU  - (Toth, A.)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 65
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Algeria
KW  - DZA.HIS.0640:Algeria History early Islamic&medieval periods
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Historical+setting&rft.au=%28Toth%2C+A.%29&rft.aulast=%28Toth&rft.aufirst=A.%29&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - National security
T2  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43942347; A203193
JF  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
AU  - (Tartter, J.R.)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 235
EP  - 284
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Algeria
KW  - Military & strategic studies
KW  - DZA.PLT:Algeria Politics&current affairs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43942347?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+security&rft.au=%28Tartter%2C+J.R.%29&rft.aulast=%28Tartter&rft.aufirst=J.R.%29&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - The economy
T2  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43942114; A203088
JF  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
AU  - (Malik, Boulos A.)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 127
EP  - 172
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Algeria
KW  - Economics
KW  - DZA.ECO:Algeria Economics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43942114?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+economy&rft.au=%28Malik%2C+Boulos+A.%29&rft.aulast=%28Malik&rft.aufirst=Boulos&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - Government and politics
T2  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43942081; A203143
JF  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
AU  - Entelis, J.P.
AU  - Arone, L.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 173
EP  - 233
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Algeria
KW  - DZA.PLT:Algeria Politics&current affairs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43942081?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Government+and+politics&rft.au=Entelis%2C+J.P.%3BArone%2C+L.&rft.aulast=Entelis&rft.aufirst=J.P.&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Algeria: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz
AN  - 43942071; M203118
AU  - Metz, Helen Chapin
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 339
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Algeria
KW  - DZA.PLT:Algeria Politics&current affairs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43942071?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Metz%2C+Helen+Chapin&rft.aulast=Metz&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Algeria%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. Raymond E.Zickel and Walter R.Iwaskiw
AN  - 43857798; M165867
AU  - Zickel, Raymond E.
AU  - Iwaskiw, Walter R.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 288
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Albania
KW  - BLK.ALB.SOC:Albania Social studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43857798?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zickel%2C+Raymond+E.%3BIwaskiw%2C+Walter+R.&rft.aulast=Zickel&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+Raymond+E.Zickel+and+Walter+R.Iwaskiw&rft.title=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+Raymond+E.Zickel+and+Walter+R.Iwaskiw&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - The society and its environment
T2  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
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AN  - 43857024; A165876
JF  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
AU  - (Iwaskiw, W.R.)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 55
EP  - 99
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Albania
KW  - BLK.ALB.SOC:Albania Social studies
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43857024?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+society+and+its+environment&rft.au=%28Iwaskiw%2C+W.R.%29&rft.aulast=%28Iwaskiw&rft.aufirst=W.R.%29&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.title=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - Government and politics
T2  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43855882; A165934
JF  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
AU  - Knight, A.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 169
EP  - 200
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Albania
KW  - BLK.ALB.PLT:Albania Politics&current affairs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43855882?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Government+and+politics&rft.au=Knight%2C+A.&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.title=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - The economy
T2  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43855684; A165952
JF  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
AU  - Sudetic, C.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 101
EP  - 168
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Albania
KW  - Economics
KW  - BLK.ALB.PLT:Albania Politics&current affairs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43855684?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+economy&rft.au=Sudetic%2C+C.&rft.aulast=Sudetic&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.title=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - National security
T2  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43855660; A165949
JF  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
AU  - (Soper, K.W.)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 201
EP  - 239
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Albania
KW  - Military & strategic studies
KW  - BLK.ALB.PLT:Albania Politics&current affairs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43855660?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+security&rft.au=%28Soper%2C+K.W.%29&rft.aulast=%28Soper&rft.aufirst=K.W.%29&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.title=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - CHAP
T1  - Historical setting
T2  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
BT  - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title    value = [Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw]    blockName = text    mnemonic = pub    mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch    template = null     )
AN  - 43855543; A165893
JF  - Albania: a country study.2nd ed. Ed. R.Zickel&W.R.Iwaskiw
AU  - Sudetic, C.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 53
PB  - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress
KW  - Albania
KW  - Albanians
KW  - BLK.ALB.HIS:Albania History General Suveys; Ottoman period
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43855543?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Historical+setting&rft.au=Sudetic%2C+C.&rft.aulast=Sudetic&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.title=Albania%3A+a+country+study.2nd+ed.+Ed.+R.Zickel%26W.R.Iwaskiw&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Index Islamicus
N1  - Last updated - 2016-07-11
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - PILOTS database user's guide (2nd ed.)
AN  - 42401997; 12383
AB  - A guide to the PILOTS database prepared for end users and professional searchers. Topics Treated: Access to the database; Searching the PILOTS database; The PILOTS thesaurus, with hierarchical table of PILOTS descriptors and alphabetical index; Sample searches. [FAL]
JF  - Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1994. 252 pp.
AU  - Lerner, Frederick Andrew
PY  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 252
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office
KW  - Bibliography
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/42401997?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PILOTS%3A+Published+International+Literature+On+Traumatic+Stress&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Lerner%2C+Frederick+Andrew&rft.aulast=Lerner&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=PILOTS+database+user%27s+guide+%282nd+ed.%29&rft.title=PILOTS+database+user%27s+guide+%282nd+ed.%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PILOTS: Published International Literature On Traumatic Stress
N1  - Date revised - 2016-09-15
N1  - SuppNotes - Replaces "PILOTS user's guide," 1st ed., 1991 [12382]
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-15
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impeachment and trial of President Andrew Johnson: a view from the Iowa congressional delegation
AN  - 36815912; 3501150
AB  - Among American Presidents, Andrew Johnson experienced one of the major tests of accountability. His political future as well as the fate of several Members of Congress hung in the balance as an understandably anxious citizenry watched the first presidential impeachment unfold. Among the various State congressional delegations that made up the Fortieth Congress, few were more diverse than the eight-man Iowa delegation. Their deeply felt concerns and personal anguish in determining the fate of the Nation's seventeenth President typify the total array of forces involved in that constitutional struggle. Reprinted by permission of Blackwell Publishing
JF  - Presidential studies quarterly
AU  - Stathis, Stephen W
AD  - Congressional Research Service Library of Congress
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 29
EP  - 47
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
SN  - 0360-4918, 0360-4918
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Johnson, Andrew
KW  - Constitutionalism
KW  - Executive-legislative relations
KW  - Criminal justice
KW  - Post-war history
KW  - U.S.A.
KW  - Accountability
KW  - Litigation
KW  - Impeachment
KW  - Presidency
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36815912?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+studies+quarterly&rft.atitle=Impeachment+and+trial+of+President+Andrew+Johnson%3A+a+view+from+the+Iowa+congressional+delegation&rft.au=Stathis%2C+Stephen+W&rft.aulast=Stathis&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Presidential+studies+quarterly&rft.issn=03604918&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10054 4600 9720 6590; 6238 7014 7019 7016 9965; 7468 7014 7019 7016 9965 7253; 4599 10754 9754 9965; 525 9705; 2765 2752 9720 6590 2758 7253; 9934 476 8168 5889; 3028 3030 7253 7032 9705; 433 293 14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biostatistical analysis of the micronucleus mutagenicity assay based on the assumption of a mixing distribution.
AN  - 21270265; 11701572
AB  - The in vivo micronucleus assay can be analyzed by comparing the number of micronuclei (MN) of several dose groups with those of a control group. In several publications, difficulties arose in estimating a suitable distribution for MN, even in the untreated historical control groups. Mitchell et al. described the presence of a subpopulation of more susceptible responders. Based on this assumption of such a subpopulation, score tests were used for the mixing distribution of responders and nonresponders (behavior same as in untreated control animals) within the dose groups. The power behavior of these tests was characterized with a simulation study. The advantage of score tests can be shown, even in the practical and important guideline case of only five animals per group.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hothorn, L
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 121
EP  - 125
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - subpopulations
KW  - guidelines
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Assays
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270265?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biostatistical+analysis+of+the+micronucleus+mutagenicity+assay+based+on+the+assumption+of+a+mixing+distribution.&rft.au=Hothorn%2C+L&rft.aulast=Hothorn&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Mutagenicity; subpopulations; guidelines; Assays; Simulation
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A new model of shouldered survival curves.
AN  - 21261836; 11701575
AB  - Recently, the linear-quadratic equation has been used to construct the dose-response relationships of ionizing radiation. The radiobiological theory on which this relationship is based indicates that at low doses, the risk of a biological lesion being formed should depend linearly on dose if a single event is required or quadratically on dose if two events are required. The same approach has also been used to construct the shouldered survival curves, which indicate a lower response of cell killing at low doses of low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation than at high doses because of repair. However, a different approach is possible, derived from the concept of generating the hybrid lognormal distribution, in which the hybrid form of linear and logarithmic components of a random variable is used. The hybrid form is a formulation of the phenomenon in which there is a feedback mechanism against the large change in the random variable. This paper presents a new model of shouldered survival curves, called a hybrid scale model, which has two parameters: the inactivation constant and the protective factor. In the model, the surviving fraction, normalized by a protective factor plotted in a hybrid scale, is assumed to be linear against the dose. This simple model provides an implication of the shoulder of survival curve and the effect of recovery time of radiation damage, as well as giving a good to the well-known data of split-dose experiments with mammalian cells.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kumazawa, S
AD  - Department of Health Physics, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Ibaraki-Ken.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 131
EP  - 133
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - inactivation
KW  - hybrids
KW  - scale models
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Lesions
KW  - survival
KW  - H 8000:Radiation Safety/Electrical Safety
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inactivation; scale models; hybrids; Ionizing radiation; Dose-response effects; Lesions; survival
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A comparison of continuous- and discrete- time three-state models for rodent tumorigenicity experiments.
AN  - 21253638; 11701574
AB  - The three-state illness-death model provides a useful way to characterize data from a rodent tumorigenicity experiment. Most parametrizations proposed recently in the literature assume discrete time for the death process and either discrete or continuous time for the tumor onset process. We compare these approaches with a third alternative that uses a piecewise continuous model on the hazards for tumor onset and death. All three models assume proportional hazards to characterize tumor lethality and the effect of dose on tumor onset and death rate. All of the models can easily be fitted using an Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. The piecewise continuous model is particularly appealing in this context because the complete data likelihood corresponds to a standard piecewise exponential model with tumor presence as a time-varying covariate. It can be shown analytically that differences between the parameter estimates given by each model are explained by varying assumptions about when tumor onsets, deaths, and sacrifices occur within intervals. The mixed-time model is seen to be an extension of the grouped data proportional hazards model [Mutat. Res. 24:267-278 (1981)]. We argue that the continuous-time model is preferable to the discrete- and mixed-time models because it gives reasonable estimates with relatively few intervals while still making full use of the available information. Data from the ED01 experiment illustrate the results.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lindsey, J C
AU  - Ryan, L M
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 9
EP  - 17
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Mortality
KW  - tumors
KW  - rodents
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; tumors; rodents
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of molecular biomarkers in epidemiology.
AN  - 21253299; 11701578
AB  - The principal conclusions and opportunities that can be drawn from this conference are as follows. The meeting demonstrated the large communication gap that still exists between most epidemiologists and laboratory scientists. This problem could be overcome if epidemiologists worked closely with laboratory scientists at the outset of any project so that a better understanding could be built between them. Epidemiologists need simple, well-characterized, reproducible assays that can be applied to hundreds or thousands of people. Most laboratory scientists have little interest in running large numbers of assays, but wish to continually refine their methods so that they stay on the "cutting edge" of basic research. This problem could be overcome if the new laboratory technology could be transferred to contract laboratories or small companies. Problems of technology transfer therefore need to be addressed. Current and new biomarkers need to be better validated in the field and by studying animal models. More information on the background expression of biomarkers in the general population is needed (i.e. what is the normal range?). Ethical issues, such as the possibility that biomarkers of susceptibility could be used to exclude people from the workplace, need to be addressed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Smith, M T
AU  - Suk, W A
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 229
EP  - 235
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Communications
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Contracts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Ethics
KW  - Animal models
KW  - Technology transfer
KW  - Technology
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Communications; Epidemiology; Contracts; Conferences; Ethics; Animal models; Technology transfer; Technology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chlorinated organic contaminants in breast milk of New Zealand women.
AN  - 21253237; 11701576
AB  - Breast milk samples from 38 women in New Zealand were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as part of a World Health Organization collaborative study of breast-milk contaminants. The women were recruited from two urban areas (Auckland and Christchurch) and two rural areas (Northland and North Canterbury) in the North and South Islands of New Zealand. The best predictor of contaminant concentrations in breast milk was found to be the age of the mother. Regional differences were found for hexachlorobenzene, dieldrin, and pp-DDE, reflecting historical use patterns. Urban-rural differences were found for several PCBs, PCDDs, and PCDFs when contaminant concentrations were calculated on a whole-milk basis. However, these differences could be attributed to variation in breast-milk fat concentrations between urban and rural mothers. Urban mothers had about 50% more breast-milk fat than rural mothers. Evidence suggests that breast-milk consumption by babies is regulated by caloric intake. Almost all of the caloric content of milk is in the fat fraction. This suggests that breast-milk contaminant levels calculated on a whole-milk basis do not necessarily reflect the relative levels of exposure of infants to these contaminants. However, the factors that influence breast-milk fat concentration deserve further study.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bates, M N
AU  - Hannah, D J
AU  - Buckland, S J
AU  - Taucher, J A
AU  - van Maanen, T
AD  - Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 211
EP  - 217
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Historical account
KW  - Age
KW  - New Zealand, South I., Canterbury
KW  - Organochlorine pesticides
KW  - Milk
KW  - Dieldrin
KW  - New Zealand, South I., Christchurch
KW  - New Zealand, South I.
KW  - breast milk
KW  - Islands
KW  - PCDF
KW  - New Zealand, North I., Auckland
KW  - Females
KW  - New Zealand, North I., Northland
KW  - Contaminants
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - PCDD
KW  - Rural areas
KW  - Infants
KW  - Hexachlorobenzene
KW  - Urban areas
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Age; Milk; Organochlorine pesticides; Dieldrin; breast milk; Islands; PCDF; Females; Contaminants; PCB compounds; PCDD; Urban areas; Hexachlorobenzene; Infants; Rural areas; New Zealand, South I., Canterbury; New Zealand, South I., Christchurch; New Zealand, North I., Auckland; New Zealand, North I., Northland; New Zealand, South I.
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biodegradation of hazardous wastes.
AN  - 21251354; 11703210
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Aust, S D
AU  - Bourquin, A
AU  - Loper, J C
AU  - Salanitro, J P
AU  - Suk, W A
AU  - Tiedje, J
AD  - Biotechnology Center, Utah State University, Logan 84322-4705.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 245
EP  - 252
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Biodegradation
KW  - Wastes
KW  - Hazardous wastes
KW  - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up
KW  - ENA 17:Waste Management-Solid
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Wastes; Hazardous wastes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Bacterial mutagenicity of pyrolysis tars produced from chloro-organic fuels.
AN  - 21251340; 11703205
AB  - Droplets of toluene and three chlorinated organics, ortho-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, and trichloroethylene, were pyrolyzed in pure nitrogen. The composition and bacterial mutagenicity of the product tars were measured. The presence of organic chlorine was found to affect both pyrolysis product tar composition and total tar mutagenicity. Pyrolysis in the absence of chlorine produced tars whose bacterial mutagenicity was found to be largely due to the presence of cyclopenta[cd]pyrene, fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene. Small amounts of chlorine in the fuel (i.e., Cl/H molar ratios of less than 0.3) enhanced the formation of highly condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (including cyclopenta[cd]pyrene) and increased tar mutagenicity. Larger amounts of organic chlorine (Cl/H ratios of between 0.3 and 0.6) resulted in significant yields of mono- and dichlorinated aromatics and higher levels of tar mutagenicity, which could not be accounted for by the presence of mutagens produced by pyrolysis in the absence of chlorine. Furthermore, unlike tars containing little or no chlorine, tars containing aryl chlorine were more mutagenic in the absence of added enzymes (intended to mimic in vivo mammalian metabolism) than in their presence. We hypothesize that at least one of the chlorinated aromatic products is strongly mutagenic. Two specific conditions that gave notably different results were a) the low-temperature (i.e., below 1400 K) pyrolysis of ortho-dichlorobenzene, which produced tri- and tetrachlorinated biphenyls almost exclusively; and b) the chlorine-rich pyrolysis of trichloroethylene, during which mostly perchloroaromatics were formed. Neither of these tars was found to mutate bacteria.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mulholland, J A
AU  - Sarofim, A F
AU  - Longwell, J P
AU  - Lafleur, A L
AU  - Thilly, W G
AD  - School of Civil Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 283
EP  - 289
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Fuels
KW  - Toluene
KW  - Chlorine
KW  - Trichloroethylene
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Fluoranthene
KW  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Pyrolysis products
KW  - Tar
KW  - Solvents
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - ortho-dichlorobenzene
KW  - Biphenyl
KW  - Pyrolysis
KW  - Benzo(a)pyrene
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - Metabolism
KW  - Nitrogen
KW  - J 02410:Animal Diseases
KW  - A 01320:Microbial Degradation
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Fluoranthene; Pyrolysis products; Mutagenicity; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Toluene; Fuels; Tar; Chlorine; Enzymes; ortho-dichlorobenzene; Pyrolysis; Biphenyl; Benzo(a)pyrene; Trichloroethylene; Metabolism; Aromatics; Nitrogen; Solvents; Bacteria
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multiple comparison among groups of growth curves.
AN  - 21251308; 11703206
AB  - The problem of comparing a sequence of independent experiments divided into several groups with a control is discussed under the logistic growth-curve models. We propose a method for constructing multiple testing procedures using the closed testing procedures and the random-effect model for summarizing estimated values of parameters.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kamakura, T
AU  - Takizawa, T
AD  - Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 39
EP  - 42
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Growth
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans: literature review and health assessment.
AN  - 21249807; 11703204
AB  - Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) and dibenzofurans (PBDFs) occur as trace (ppb) contaminants in brominated flame retardants and are produced during combustion of these chemicals. They are also formed when organics are incinerated in the presence of bromine, e.g., in municipal and industrial incinerators and in internal-combustion engines. Combustion of organics in the presence of both bromine and chlorine results in the formation of mixed (i.e., bromo, bromo/chloro and chloro) halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (HDDs and HDFs). There are 4600 potential mixed congeners. The biological effects of PBDDs and PBDFs are similar, if not identical, to those of PCDDs and PCDFs. Both groups of compounds induce hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) in rats and cause wasting and thymic atrophy in rats and guinea pigs. Tetrabrominated dinenzo-p-dioxin (TBDD) and dibenzofuran (TBDF) are reproductive toxins in mice and produce skin lesions in the rabbit-ear acnegenic test. The brominated compounds appear to bind to the same cytosolic receptors believed to mediate the toxicities of the chlorinated analogs. When compared on a molar-concentration basis, the brominated compounds are equipotent to the chlorinated analogs. TBDD is absorbed after oral, dermal, or intratracheal administration in rats, stored in the liver and adipose tissue, and eliminated in the feces through biliary excretion. The biological half-lives of the brominated compounds appear to be somewhat shorter than those of the corresponding chlorinated species. The brominated compounds, like their chlorinated congeners, have the potential to cause dermal, hepatic, and gastrointestinal toxicities in humans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mennear, J H
AU  - Lee, C C
AD  - Campbell University, School of Pharmacy, Buies Creek, NC 27506.
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 265
EP  - 274
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 102
IS  - Suppl 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Fecal coliforms
KW  - Skin
KW  - biological effects
KW  - adipose tissues
KW  - Chlorine
KW  - Mice
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Toxins
KW  - Combustion
KW  - Rats
KW  - Reviews
KW  - PCDF
KW  - Liver
KW  - Incinerators
KW  - Lesions
KW  - Excretion
KW  - Fire retardants
KW  - Bromine
KW  - PCDD
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Polybrominated+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+dibenzofurans%3A+literature+review+and+health+assessment.&rft.au=Mennear%2C+J+H%3BLee%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Mennear&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fecal coliforms; Skin; biological effects; adipose tissues; Chlorine; Mice; Toxicity; Toxins; Combustion; Rats; Reviews; Liver; PCDF; Lesions; Incinerators; Excretion; Fire retardants; Bromine; PCDD
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Survival of faecal bacteria in Antarctic coastal waters
AN  - 19966596; 6973403
AB  - The effect of solar radiation on the survival of Escherichia coli, Salmonella zanzibar and a faecal Streptococcus strain in seawater was tested in laboratory experiments, and survival of E. coli was tested under natural light conditions at Davis Station, Antarctica. Exposure to artificial light of wavelengths 290-800nm caused a rapid decline in viability of each strain examined. T sub(90) values (the time taken for 90% of the population to be inactivated) were similar to 50 min, 40 min and 2 h for E. coli, S. zanzibar and the faecal Streptococcus respectively. Selective removal of UV-B wavelengths (<320 nm) increased survival of E. coli and S. zanzibar, resulting in T sub(90) values of similar to 2.5 h. Screening out wavelengths of <370 nm (UV-B and most of UV-A) increased T sub(90) values to 5 h for . coli and 10 h for S. zanzibar. The visible band of the spectrum (400-800 nm) also had detrimental effects on faecal bacteria, when compared with survival in the absence of light. Rates of decline for E. coli in natural light in Antarctica were similar to those from laboratory experiments. However, resuscitation of sub-lethally damaged cells under optimum conditions resulted in greater recovery rates than were observed after exposure to artificial sunlight. Faecal bacteria were rapidly inactivated when exposed to sunlight in Antarctic waters, and as repair mechanisms are unlikely to operate under in situ conditions, resuscitation of sub-lethally damaged cells is improbable.
JF  - Antarctic science
AU  - Statham, JA
AU  - McMeekin, T A
AD  - Department of Agricultural Science & Cooperative Research Centre for Antarctic & Southern Ocean Studies, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tamania 7001 Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 333
EP  - 338
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SN  - 0954-1020, 0954-1020
KW  - streptococci
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts
KW  - Streptococcus
KW  - Marine
KW  - Bacteria
KW  - Survival
KW  - Salmonella zanzibar
KW  - Coastal waters
KW  - Solar radiation
KW  - Light effects
KW  - Faecal pellets
KW  - Sewage
KW  - Marine environment
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - PS, Antarctic Ocean
KW  - Sunlight
KW  - Wavelength
KW  - Salmonella
KW  - Q4 27760:Microorganisms
KW  - Q5 08501:General
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antarctic+science&rft.atitle=Survival+of+faecal+bacteria+in+Antarctic+coastal+waters&rft.au=Statham%2C+JA%3BMcMeekin%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Statham&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Antarctic+science&rft.issn=09541020&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-08-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Physical medium: Printed matter
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Faecal pellets; Bacteria; Sewage; Solar radiation; Marine environment; Sunlight; Survival; Wavelength; Coastal waters; Light effects; Streptococcus; Escherichia coli; Salmonella zanzibar; Salmonella; PS, Antarctic Ocean; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Desperately Seeking Default Internet Policy Update: A Perspective from the Pacific
AN  - 1761716895; 199502031
AB  - In order for the Internet to be a competitive communications service within the Pacific region, coherency in both the global engineering of the Internet & the associated policy environment of the Internet is required. The current characterization of the Internet policy environments as a collaborative community is examined, exploring the pressures placed on this environment through the growing pressures of the free market & the potential presence of public regulation & public resource management practices. The tension between these three policy environments is examined, & some potential policy directions for the Internet are proposed. Adapted from the source document.
JF  - Computer Networks and ISDN Systems
AU  - Huston, Geoff
AD  - Australian Academic & Research Network, GPO Box 1142 Canberra ACT g.huston@aarnet.edu.au
Y1  - 1994///0,
PY  - 1994
DA  - 0, 1994
SP  - S3
EP  - S14
VL  - 26
SN  - 1389-1286, 1389-1286
KW  - Internet communications, policy environments, Pacific region
KW  - Technology Policy
KW  - Policy
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Social Environment
KW  - article
KW  - 7210: social policy
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LA  - English
DB  - Social Services Abstracts
N1  - Date revised - 2016-02-01
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Telecommunications; Policy; Technology Policy; Social Environment
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reducing denitrification loss with nitrification inhibitors following presowing applications of urea to a cottonfield
AN  - 17062452; 3889521
AB  - The effects of the nitrification inhibitors, nitrapyrin, acetylene (provided by wax-coated calcium carbide), and phenylacetylene on nitrogen (N) transformations and denitrification losses following presowing applications of urea were determined in a cottonfield in the Namoi Valley of New South Wales. The study used 0.05-m-diameter microplots to follow the changes in mineral N, and 0.15-m-diameter microplots fertilised within super(15)N-labelled urea (6 g N/m super(2); 5 atom % super(15)N) to assess losses of applied N. When urea was applied in February (34 weeks before sowing), 84% of applied N was lost from the soil. Loss of applied N was reduced by addition of nitrapyrin and phenylacetylene, to 53 and 57%, respectively. In the absence of nitrification inhibitors, less N was lost (72% of that applied) from an application in May than from the February application. Addition of acetylene, phenylacetylene, and nitrapyrin reduced losses over the 24 weeks to sowing to 57, 52, and 48%, respectively. These experiments show that N loss from presowing applications of urea can be significantly reduced by the use of nitrification inhibitors, but that the losses of N are still substantial.
JF  - Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture
AU  - Chen, D L
AU  - Freney, J R
AU  - Mosier, A R
AU  - Chalk, P M
AD  - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 75
EP  - 83
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SN  - 0816-1089, 0816-1089
KW  - soil amendments
KW  - urea
KW  - New South Wales
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - denitrification
KW  - Gossypium
KW  - A 01051:Nitrogen cycle
KW  - A 01055:Other soil treatments
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Reducing+denitrification+loss+with+nitrification+inhibitors+following+presowing+applications+of+urea+to+a+cottonfield&rft.au=Chen%2C+D+L%3BFreney%2C+J+R%3BMosier%2C+A+R%3BChalk%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.issn=08161089&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gossypium; denitrification
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A dipstick immunoassay for the specific detection of Phytophthora cinnamomi in soils
AN  - 17062029; 3883851
AB  - A dipstick immunoassay that is specific for Phytophthora cinnamomi was developed for use in soils. Azo dye detection of monoclonal antibody-labeled cysts attached to a nylon membrane provided a rapid, sensitive assay suitable for field use. There was no cross-reaction with other Phytophthora and Pythium species in controlled environment assays or with soil or other organic matter that adhered to the membrane. The assay was as sensitive as a Eucalyptus sieberi baiting assay and, when run together with the baiting assay, was quantitative for an infested soil-water suspension from 2.5 x 10 super(2) to 5 x 10 super(3) zoospores per milliliter. The assay was used successfully to detect P. cinnamomi in a wide range of soil samples collected from beneath a diverse range of host species. There are several advantages to using the dipstick assay compared with traditional procedures: familiarity with Phytophthora taxonomy is not required; the assay can be performed by unskilled personnel; and soil rather than infected plant tissues can be assayed. Field testing of the assay showed that in kit form, it could be used as a reliable diagnostic tool to replace or augment current isolation and detection methods. The dipstick assay should find broad use for the detection of P. cinnamomi in soil from forests and plant communities and in the horticultural and ornamental crops affected by this pathogen.
JF  - Phytopathology
AU  - Cahill, D M
AU  - Hardham, A R
AD  - Plant Cell Biol. Group, Res. Sch. Biol. Sci., Australian Natl. Univ., G.P.O. Box 475, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1284
EP  - 1292
VL  - 84
IS  - 11
SN  - 0331-949X, 0331-949X
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - immunoassays
KW  - forestry
KW  - Phytophthora cinnamomi
KW  - soil
KW  - K 03086:Immunology & vaccination
KW  - A 01117:Fungi
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Phytophthora cinnamomi; soil; immunoassays; forestry; diagnosis
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Megaplasmids in Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp., bacterial symbionts Entomopathogenic nematodes (families Steirnernematidae and Heterorhabditidae)
AN  - 17060326; 3883765
AB  - A gentle in-the-well lysis procedure was used to examine 18 strains of Xenorhabdus and Photohabdus spp. for the presence of megaplasmids. All were found to contain either one or two megaplasmids, ranging in size from 48 to >680 kb. No cross-hybridization was found to occur between megaplasmids from the different species. In addition, no homology exists between the megaplasmids and the smaller plasmids ( less than or equal to 48 kb) also found in these bacteria. Furthermore, no differences in plasmid profiles between phase I and phase II Xenorhabdus were found, indicating that the process of phase variation observed in these organisms is not the result of any plasmid loss. The two megaplasmids of Xenorhabdus nematophilus A24/1 were restriction mapped. These megaplasmids maybe involved in the symbiosis with entomopathogenic nematodes of the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae.
JF  - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
AU  - Smigielski, A J
AU  - Akhurst, R J
AD  - CSIRO Div. Entomol., GPO Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 214
EP  - 220
VL  - 64
IS  - 3
SN  - 0022-2011, 0022-2011
KW  - Steirnernematidae
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - Xenorhabdus nematophilus
KW  - symbiosis
KW  - Photorhabdus
KW  - plasmids
KW  - Heterorhabditidae
KW  - Nematoda
KW  - A 01047:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xenorhabdus nematophilus; Photorhabdus; Nematoda; Heterorhabditidae; symbiosis; plasmids
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic engineering of crop plants will enhance the quality and diversity of foods
AN  - 17034672; 3872931
JF  - Food Australia. Sydney
AU  - Peacock, W J
AD  - CSIRO Division Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 379
EP  - 381
VL  - 46
IS  - 8
SN  - 1032-5298, 1032-5298
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts
KW  - genetic engineering
KW  - food processing
KW  - food quality
KW  - crop production
KW  - W2 32065:Plants
KW  - W2 32000:General topics and reviews
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - food processing; genetic engineering; food quality; crop production
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Body composition of harp seals
AN  - 17026812; 3863827
AB  - Using chemical analysis we measured the composition of 26 harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) representing both sexes, aged between 3 months and 30 years, and encompassing a wide range of body conditions. Predictive relationships between total body water and total body fat contents, total body protein content, and gross energy were calculated. These equations allow accurate estimation of harp seal body composition provided total body water content and body mass are known. Using these data we compared the accuracy of three existing equations that have been used to predict body fat content of other species. We found that in adult harp seals, lean body mass has a relatively stable hydration of 70% but the hydration of blubber varied with body condition. Lipid content, and thus energy density of blubber, increased with increasing body condition.
JF  - Canadian Journal of Zoology/Revue Canadienne de Zoologie
AU  - Gales, R
AU  - Renouf, D
AU  - Noseworthy, E
AD  - Dep. Environ. Land Manage., Div. Parks Wildl., GPO Box 44A, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 545
EP  - 551
VL  - 72
IS  - 3
SN  - 0008-4301, 0008-4301
KW  - body conditions
KW  - marine mammals
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - condition factor
KW  - Phoca groenlandica
KW  - D 04672:Mammals
KW  - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates
KW  - Q1 08376:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Zoology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Zoologie&rft.atitle=Body+composition+of+harp+seals&rft.au=Gales%2C+R%3BRenouf%2C+D%3BNoseworthy%2C+E&rft.aulast=Gales&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Zoology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Zoologie&rft.issn=00084301&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body conditions; condition factor; marine mammals; Phoca groenlandica; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Health risk assessment research: Implications for synthetic vitreous fibers
AN  - 17017580; 3854024
AB  - While synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs) are thought responsible for respiratory illnesses, more research is needed to understand the nature of exposure. Much of the research necessary to evaluate the risk of the possible health effects to humans will be supported by the U.S. Federal Government, either specifically to elucidate the effects from exposure to SVFs, or more generally to improve the process of risk assessment. In this context, the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) examined the Federal research activities to improve risk assessment, with a focus on current activities and the funding and management of that research. OTA defined risk assessment research as research designed to improve the process of health risk assessment or chemical-specific risk estimates. OTA found that risk assessment is not a national research priority. Environmental health research funding has neither kept up with increases in health research nor with increases in environmental mandates that depend on that research for decision making. OTA finds the need to stress the interdependency and the linkage of the various research activities, risk assessment, and policy making. Finally, the exploration of many promising areas for research requires linkages not only among various scientific disciplines but also with decision makers.
JF  - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
AU  - Paxman, D
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - S181
KW  - synthetic vitreous
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - fibers
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - X 24221:Toxicity testing
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Part 2 of 2 parts.
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Complete regression of human fibrosarcoma xenografts after local Newcastle disease virus therapy
AN  - 17004885; 3849219
AB  - We have recently demonstrated that a single local injection of the avian pathogen Newcastle disease virus (NDV; strain 73-T) causes complete regression of human neuroblastoma xenografts in athymic mice. In this report, we tried to determine if this in vivo antineoplastic effect of NDV extends to human sarcomas. Athymic mice with s.c. HT1080 fibrosarcoma xenografts (7-14 mm) were randomly divided into two groups and treated i.t. with a single injection of either 10 super(7) plaque-forming units of NDV or phosphate-buffered saline. Complete tumor regression occurred in 8 of 10 mice treated with NDV while unabated tumor growth occurred in all 9 mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline. To determine if complete tumor regression was long lasting, the 8 mice were monitored for 1 year, during which time no tumor recurred. To test the antitumor effects of NDV on tumors derived from a fresh human sarcoma, a similar experiment was performed in athymic mice using TH15145 synovial sarcoma xenografts at their first and second passages. Of 9 mice with TH15145 xenografts, a single i.t. injection of NDV (10 super(7) plaque-forming units) caused complete regression of 3 tumors and >80% regression in 3 more tumors. In contrast, tumors in all 5 mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline exhibited unabated growth. Since HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells express the N-ras oncogene, we explored the effects that transfection of this oncogene has on the sensitivity to NDV. Cultured human fibroblasts that were made tumorigenic following N-ras-transfection were found to be 1000-fold more sensitive to NDV than normal fibroblasts in a cytotoxicity assay. Oncogene expression by the HT1080 fibrosarcoma may therefore contribute to the long-lasting complete regression of this sarcoma following a single local injection of NDV.
JF  - Cancer Research
AU  - Lorence, R M
AU  - Katubig, B B
AU  - Reichard, K W
AU  - Reyes, H M
AU  - Phuangsab, A
AU  - Sassetti, MD
AU  - Walter, R J
AU  - Peeples, ME
AD  - Dep. Pathol., Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress, Chicago, IL 60612-3833, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 6017
EP  - 6021
VL  - 54
IS  - 23
SN  - 0008-5472, 0008-5472
KW  - mice
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts
KW  - neuroblastoma cells
KW  - Newcastle disease virus
KW  - fibrosarcoma
KW  - regression
KW  - antitumor agents
KW  - W3 33190:Therapy: Other
KW  - V 22114:Human oncogenic viruses
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Complete+regression+of+human+fibrosarcoma+xenografts+after+local+Newcastle+disease+virus+therapy&rft.au=Lorence%2C+R+M%3BKatubig%2C+B+B%3BReichard%2C+K+W%3BReyes%2C+H+M%3BPhuangsab%2C+A%3BSassetti%2C+MD%3BWalter%2C+R+J%3BPeeples%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Lorence&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6017&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neuroblastoma cells; fibrosarcoma; regression; antitumor agents; Newcastle disease virus
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Biological components of substance abuse and addiction
AN  - 17000513; 3844641
AB  - Substance abuse and addiction are complex phenomena that defy simple explanation or description. In order to understand substance abuse and addiction, it is first necessary to learn how drugs work on the brain, why certain drugs have the potential for being abused, and what, if any biological differences exist among individuals in their susceptibility to drugs. This Office of Technology Assessment Background Paper describes the biological components of substance abuse and addiction.
JF  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA). 1994.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA)
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - GPO STOCK NO. 052-003-01350-9
KW  - books
KW  - drug abuse
KW  - addiction
KW  - drug addiction
KW  - man
KW  - X 24260:Books
KW  - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Price: $4.25.
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - CONF
T1  - Monitoring and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural, forestry and other human activities
AN  - 16998699; 3630325
AB  - Agriculture and forestry are significant sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. A holistic systems approach to estimating and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural, forestry and other systems requires that the major inputs, components and outputs of the production system are defined. Fluxes of greenhouse gases in natural systems may be estimated by mathematical modelling of the major biological processes and activities. Field and laboratory experiments and information from satellites provide the raw data on which such models are based. Such an approach can have a significant role in guiding key decision makers and policy analysts. We conclude that management strategies that reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and forestry are likely to be strategies that will also contribute to ecologically sustainable development.
JF  - Climatic Change
AU  - Boag, S
AU  - White, D H
AU  - Howden, S M
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 5
EP  - 11
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
KW  - greenhouse gases
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - forests
KW  - agriculture
KW  - climatic changes
KW  - greenhouse effect
KW  - management
KW  - global warming
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structure of the phytophagous insect fauna of Onopordum thistles in the northern Mediterranean basin
AN  - 16992497; 3833146
JF  - Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
AU  - Briese, D T
AU  - Sheppard, A W
AU  - Zwoelfer, H
AU  - Boldt, P E
AD  - CSIRO Div. Entomol, GPO Box 1700, Canberra 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 231
EP  - 253
VL  - 53
IS  - 3
SN  - 0024-4066, 0024-4066
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - community composition
KW  - herbivores
KW  - host plants
KW  - Mediterranean Region
KW  - Asteraceae
KW  - Insecta
KW  - Z 05203:Relations to plants
KW  - D 04659:Insects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asteraceae; Insecta; Mediterranean Region; host plants; herbivores; community composition
ER  - 



TY  - CONF
T1  - Locomotion in macropodoid marsupials: Gaits, energetics and heat balance
AN  - 16990001; 3634039
AB  - This review examines gaits used by marsupials and their coupling with respiratory and cardiac cycles. It also examines the energy requirements and heat balance in exercising marsupials. Marsupials have mass-specific metabolic rates that lie at the lower end of the mammalian range but this is not reflected in locomotory energetics as quadrupedal marsupials fit the predictive model derived from placentals. The group that does not conform to the model contains the larger hopping macropods in which an independence between metabolic rate and hopping speed is achieved on treadmills at most speeds by the storage of elastic strain energy in tendons. This yields a saving of up to 50% of the energy that would be otherwise used for locomotion. The carriage of pouch young appears to reduce the maximum running speed in quadrupedal marsupials but may be cost-neutral in hopping species. Respiration is entrained to the step cycle in wallabies by means of a visceral piston, but no entrainment of the cardiac cycle has been observed. The consequences of these phenomena are discussed. Marsupials appear to exploit their low body temperatures as a means of storing heat generated during running. Paradoxically, this does not lessen their dependence on evaporative heat loss.
JF  - Australian Journal of Zoology
AU  - Baudinette, R V
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 103
EP  - 123
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
KW  - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - heat balance
KW  - jumping
KW  - energetics
KW  - locomotion
KW  - Marsupialia
KW  - D 04672:Mammals
KW  - Y 25667:Mammals (excluding primates)
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Appraisal of molecular genetic techniques in fisheries
AN  - 16986395; 3630205
JF  - Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
AU  - Ward, R D
AU  - Grewe, P M
AD  - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7000, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 300
EP  - 325
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
SN  - 0960-3166, 0960-3166
KW  - aquaculture techniques
KW  - fishery sciences
KW  - hybridization analysis
KW  - stock identification
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - fisheries
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - methodology
KW  - Pisces
KW  - genetics
KW  - aquaculture
KW  - hybridization
KW  - species diversity
KW  - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution
KW  - O 1085:Biotechnology
KW  - O 1090:Instruments/Methods
KW  - Q3 08582:Fish culture
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - Q1 08582:Fish culture
KW  - Q4 27210:Fish
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genetics; fisheries; aquaculture; aquaculture techniques; fishery sciences; hybridization; species diversity; stock identification; methodology; hybridization analysis; Pisces; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Organisation of the soil seed bank in mixed chaparral
AN  - 16986123; 3634104
AB  - Seed densities, estimated from germinations under glasshouse conditions, were determined for fire-treated and control soils sampled from north and south facing stands of mixed Adenostoma fasciculatum - Ceanothus greggii chaparral that last burned 10, 17, 36, 62 and 86 years before 1987. A total of 53 species was recorded. Total germinable seed density was not influenced by aspect nor by an experimental fire treatment, however, densities varied significantly, but not predictably, over the time since fire sequence. Species diversity was significantly lower in the 86 year old stand, but neither diversity or richness was influenced by the fire treatment. Soils from north facing slopes supported a higher species diversity overall, and seed densities of six species were significantly higher on north than on south slopes. We identify two functional groups in the seed bank on the basis of the direct effects of fire on seed densities: a fire-dependent group, comprising 6 species and about 21% of the total seed bank, in which germinable densities increased after the fire treatment, and a fire-independent group, made up of 11 species and almost two-thirds of the seed bank. The fire-independent group is further separated into two: a shrub-centred sub-group (Crassula erecta, Filago californica, Pterostegia drymarioides, Streptanthus heterophyllus and Cryptantha intermedia) maintained larger seed banks in older stands and was associated with shrub cover; and an opportunistic sub-group (Camissonia hirtella, Gnaphalium chilense, Mimulus pilosus and Senecio vulgaris) tended to have larger seed banks in younger stands and was associated with canopy gaps. Overall, the soil seed assemblage from this mixed chaparral does not appear to be tightly coupled to fire-generated opportunities for recruitment. The reason for this is that the fire-dependent group represents only 6 species. In addition, among the fire-independent species, the shrub-centred group of 5 annuals made up almost 40% of total soil seed density. This group shows ecological and taxonomic affinities with desert annuals.
JF  - Vegetatio
AU  - Zammit, C
AU  - Zedler, PH
AD  - State Environ. Rep. Unit, Dep. Environ., Sport Territ., GPO Box 787, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
VL  - 111
IS  - 1
SN  - 0042-3106, 0042-3106
KW  - seed bank
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - seed germination
KW  - chaparral
KW  - USA, California
KW  - soil
KW  - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California; soil; chaparral; seed germination
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Demographic changes and the development of competition in a native Australian eucalypt forest invaded by exotic pines
AN  - 16984415; 3829094
AB  - Data from the second half of a 14-year study of a eucalypt dry sclerophyll forest invaded by Pinus radiata D. Don shows further progress in the development of a mixed eucalypt-pine stand. Earlier (Chilvers and Burdon 1983) it was clear that pines invading from an adjacent commercial plantation were starting to contribute their own progeny to the mixed stand. Initially the recruitment of established pines (>1 m high) from these seedlings was very slow. However, since 1984, increasing numbers of seedlings have survived beyond their first year, suggesting the possibility of another wave of successful establishment in the near future. The established fraction of the pine population continued to grow rapidly and incurred no mortality. Many of these plants have now emerged through the top of the eucalypt canopy. In contrast, both juvenile and adult eucalypt numbers continued to decline. Despite these demographic and visual changes, comparative analysis of the growth of established pines over two consecutive 7-year periods (1974-1981; 1981-1988) showed that competition between neighbouring plants, especially pines, is beginning to affect individual growth rates. Growth rates of pines having other pines as nearest neighbours declined 40% between 1974-1981 and 1981-1988, while that of pines with eucalypts as nearest neighbours fell by 28%. In pine-pine nearest neighbour (NN) pairs, growth rates were significantly affected by the size (diameter) of the nearest neighbour. In pine-eucalypt NN pairs growth rates of the pines were not affected by the size of the eucalypt, but these were significantly negatively correlated with the inverse of the distance to the eucalypt. More broad-based assessment of 43 pines showed a significant relationship between their growth rates and the summed competitive effect of other pines within a 5-m radius. No such relationship was found between growth rate and the summed competitive effect of eucalypts in the 5-m zone.
JF  - Oecologia
AU  - Burdon, J J
AU  - Chilvers, G A
AD  - Div. Plant Ind., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra City, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 419
EP  - 423
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
SN  - 0029-8549, 0029-8549
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - forests
KW  - Pinus radiata
KW  - population establishment
KW  - competition
KW  - growth
KW  - Eucalyptus
KW  - D 04125:Temperate forests
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eucalyptus; Pinus radiata; forests; population establishment; growth; competition
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Photoinhibition and recovery in tropical plant species: Response to disturbance
AN  - 16984321; 3829069
AB  - Disturbance or rainforest is often followed by mass mortality of understorey seedlings. Transitions of shade grown plants to full sunlight can cause reductions in the efficiency with which light is used in photosynthesis, called photoinhibition. In order to assess the influence of photoinhibition on mortality and growth after rainforest disturbance this study examined photoinhibition in both simulated and real forest disturbances in northern Papua New Guinea. In an experiment simulating rainforest disturbance, exposure of shade-grown plants to full sunlight resulted in abrupt decreases in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter F sub(v)/F sub(m) that is characteristic of photoinhibition. However, in the well-watered plants used in these experiments there were no fatalities during 3 weeks after exposure to full sunlight. Thus, it is unlikely that photoinhibition, alone, is responsible for seedling fatalities after rainforest disturbances, but more likely that fatalities are due to photoinhibition in conjunction with other environmental stress. There were differences between the response of species to the simulated disturbance that concurred with their preferred habitats. For example, species form the genus Barringtonia, which is commonly found in shaded understorey environments, underwent greater reductions in F sub(v)/F sub(m) and were slower to recover than species that usually inhabit high solar radiation environments. The extent of photoinhibition and the rate of recovery appeared to be dependent on avoidance of direct solar radiation by altering leaf angles and on increasing maximum photosynthetic rates. A field survey of photoinhibition in man-made rainforest gaps corroborated the findings of the simulated disturbance experiment showing that plant species commonly found in shaded environments showed a greater degree of photoinhibition in forest gaps at midday than those species which are classified as species that benefit from gaps or specialist gap inhabitors.
JF  - Oecologia
AU  - Lovelock, CE
AU  - Jebb, M
AU  - Osmond, C B
AD  - Res. Sch. Biol. Sci., Australian Natl. Univ., GPO Box 475, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 297
EP  - 307
VL  - 97
IS  - 3
SN  - 0029-8549, 0029-8549
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - disturbance
KW  - Papua New Guinea
KW  - photoinhibition
KW  - mortality
KW  - plants
KW  - rain forests
KW  - D 04625:Plants - general
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Papua New Guinea; plants; rain forests; disturbance; photoinhibition; photosynthesis; mortality
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Slotting -- a new deep-tillage technique for improving crop productivity on sodic, acid, and other degraded soils; and for land treatment of urban and rural waste
AN  - 16983413; 3813758
AB  - Soils with problems in the sub-soil-such as sodicity, acidity, and low fertility - occur extensively within Australia's farming areas. Traditional tillage techniques like deep ripping and ploughing have not provided long-term improvements of these soils. Slotting is a new deep-tillage technique that provides long-term improvement in crop yields and water-use efficiency on these problem soils. The technique involves cutting slots, typically 0.15 m wide, 0.5-1.0 m deep, and spaced 1-2 m apart, with a chemical ameliorant or organic matter incorporated into the loosened soil in the slot. The slot configuration and the ameliorant added is varied according to the soil, cropping practices, and climate of the area. The loosened soil in the narrow slot is largely protected from recompaction during subsequent trafficking, thus providing long-term benefits. The technique was originally developed for adding gypsum to depth on sodic soils. Field trials showed marked improvement in crop production, increased and deeper infiltration of water, and deeper rooting to take advantage of this water, thus reducing periods of water stress. Slotting reduced runoff and hence should reduce erosion on sloping lands. Field and lysimeter studies have shown promising results with lime-slotting of soils with sub-soil acidity. Lime-slotting led to increased depth of rooting, water extraction, and crop yields. Another potential application is waste-slotting for land treatment of urban and rural waste.
JF  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT (AUSTRALIA). 1994.
AU  - Jayawardane, N S
AU  - Blackwell, J
AU  - Muirhead, WA
AU  - Kirchhof, G
AU  - Smart, R
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - agricultural practices
KW  - soil chemistry
KW  - soil fertility
KW  - sodic soils
KW  - crop use
KW  - water use efficiency
KW  - erosion control
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - agriculture
KW  - runoff
KW  - crops
KW  - soil erosion
KW  - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION
KW  - SW 2080:Watershed protection
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Water Resources Series: No. 14.
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Tetanus toxin-mediated cleavage of cellubrevin impairs exocytosis of transferrin receptor-containing vesicles in CHO cells
AN  - 16980486; 3820765
AB  - Cellubrevin is a member of the synaptobrevin/VAMP family of SNAREs, which has a broad tissue distribution. In fibroblastic cells it is concentrated in the vesicles which recycle transferrin receptors but its role in membrane trafficking and fusion remains to be demonstrated. Cellubrevin, like the synaptic vesicle proteins synaptobrevins I and II, can be cleaved by tetanus toxin, a metallo-endoprotease which blocks neurotransmitter release. However, non-neuronal cells are unaffected by the toxin due to lack of cell surface receptors for its heavy chain. To determine whether cellubrevin cleavage impairs exocytosis of recycling vesicles, we tested the effect of tetanus toxin light chain on the release of preinternalized transferrin from streptolysin-O-perforated CHO cells. The release was found to be temperature and ATP dependent as well as NEM sensitive. Addition of tetanus toxin light chain, but not of a proteolytically inactive form of the toxin, resulted in a partial inhibition of transferrin release which correlated with the toxin-mediated cleavage of cellubrevin. The residual release of transferrin occurring after complete cellubrevin degradation was still ATP dependent. Our results indicate that cellubrevin plays an important role in the constitutive exocytosis of vesicles which recycle plasmalemma receptors. The incomplete inhibition of transferrin release produced by the toxin suggests the existence of a cellubrevin-independent exocytotic mechanism, which may involve tetanus toxin-insensitive proteins of the synaptobrevin/VAMP family.
JF  - Journal of Cell Biology
AU  - Galli, T
AU  - Chilcote, T
AU  - Mundigl, O
AU  - Binz, T
AU  - Niemann, H
AU  - De Camilli, P
AD  - Dep. Cell Biol., Howard Hughes Med. Inst., Yale Univ. Sch. Med., 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1015
EP  - 1024
VL  - 125
IS  - 5
SN  - 0021-9525, 0021-9525
KW  - cellubrevin
KW  - hamsters
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - Bordetella pertussis
KW  - CHO cells
KW  - exocytosis
KW  - toxins
KW  - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates)
KW  - X 24171:Microbial
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bordetella pertussis; toxins; exocytosis; CHO cells
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - SWAGSIM: A soil water and groundwater simulation model
AN  - 16975982; 3628242
AB  - Shallow watertables have been widely reported in the Murray and Murrumbidgee valleys. Physical processes affecting shallow watertables occur in both the unsaturated and saturated phases. Saturated and unsaturated flows occur continuously, whereas climatic, soil, and hydrogeologic parameters affecting the flow vary temporally and spatially. Modelling such processes mathematically allows predictions to be made and improves our understanding of system behaviour. We have developed a Soil Water And Groundwater SIMulation model (SWAGSIM) to predict watertable fluctuations in an extensively irrigated subregion. Evaporative demand is estimated from climatic variables using a locally calibrated Penman model. To estimate the actual evaporation from the surface, the Penman model is corrected for varying evaporative surfaces and soil water content. Recharge to the watertable is estimated using an analytical solution for Richards' equation, with actual evaporation as the surface boundary condition and the watertable as the lower boundary condition. Finally, fluctuations of the watertable are determined using a finite-difference groundwater model. The model was applied to the Camarooka project area near Griffith (Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area, N.S.W.) to gauge the effect of area under rice, weather, and initial depth to watertables on the extent of shallow watertables and on vertical fluxes to and from the shallow watertables. The model showed that the present level of rice production (21% of the project area) will result in an equilibrium between recharge and discharge (capillary upflow and leakage) if weather conditions are dry during the year and watertables are deep at the beginning of the irrigation season.
JF  - Divisional Report, CSIRO Division of Water Resources. 1994.
AU  - Prathapar, SA
AU  - Meyer, W S
AU  - Jain, S
AU  - Van der Lelij, A
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - Australia, New South Wales, Murrumbidgee
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - soil water
KW  - water table
KW  - evaporation
KW  - groundwater movement
KW  - saturated flow
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - unsaturated flow
KW  - simulation
KW  - irrigation water
KW  - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication
KW  - SW 0840:Groundwater
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biofumigation: Isothiocyanates released from Brassica roots inhibit growth of the take-all fungus
AN  - 16975586; 3635032
AB  - The presence of root tissue of the brassicas canola and Indian mustard inhibited growth of pure cultures of the fungal pathogen which causes take-all of wheat [Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) Arx and Oliver var. tritici, abbreviated as Ggt]. Ggt growth was generally inhibited more in the presence of Indian mustard roots than canola roots. Dried irradiated roots were consistently effective in reducing Ggt growth, but growth inhibition by young live roots and macerated roots was not consistent. The inhibitory compound(s) were shown to be volatile because the symmetry of Ggt growth was not affected by the proximity of the Brassica tissue. Volatile breakdown products from macerated Brassica roots were identified using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The major compounds found were isothiocyanates (ITCs). Canola roots released mostly methyl ITC and Indian mustard roots released mostly phenylethyl ITC. Low concentrations of these and related compounds inhibited growth of Ggt in pure culture when supplied as the vapour of pure chemicals in concentrations within the range expected during breakdown of Brassica roots in soil.
JF  - Plant and Soil
AU  - Angus, J F
AU  - Gardner, P A
AU  - Kirkegaard, JA
AU  - Desmarchelier, J M
AD  - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 107
EP  - 112
VL  - 162
IS  - 1
SN  - 0032-079X, 0032-079X
KW  - isothiocyanates
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - biological control
KW  - roots
KW  - Brassica
KW  - fungi
KW  - K 03089:Fungi: plant
KW  - A 01030:General
KW  - D 04710:Control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brassica; roots; fungi; biological control
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Interfacing the FEMCAD-generated finite-element mesh with the groundwater-flow and solute-transport model sutra
AN  - 16974203; 3628243
AB  - SUTRA (Saturated-Unsaturated TRAnsport) is a software package that simulates groundwater movement and solute or energy transport in subsurface environments. The program uses a two-dimensional hybrid finite-element and integrated finite-difference method, and fundamental to this numerical modelling is the issue of mesh generation. Present mesh construction provided by SUTRA is limited to rectangular, equally spaced finite elements in cartesian or radial-cylindrical coordinate systems. Mesh generation is often time consuming, and in many situations a much more versatile mesh is required for effective simulation. This is particularly true when modelling pumping wells, non-uniform recharge and discharge, non-homogenous soil properties (such as hydraulic conductivity), and various boundary conditions. FEMCAD, originally developed to generate meshes for geomechanics problems, allows detailed and often quite complicated meshes to be constructed in a computer-aided design environment. In order for the FEMCAD mesh to be compatible with the requirements of SUTRA, a complete interface between FEMCAD and SUTRA has been developed. This interface, written in Fortran, accepts an ASCII output file generated by FEMCAD as its input and produces the necessary mesh information to be used by SUTRA, thereby making the FEMCAD software accessible to the groundwater modeller. Details of this software interface form the subject of this report. The interface software is available on floppy disk free from the authors.
JF  - Divisional Report, CSIRO Division of Water Resources. 1994.
AU  - Buia, M
AU  - Simmons, C T
AU  - Narayan, KA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - finite difference method
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - computer programs
KW  - solute transport
KW  - model studies
KW  - finite element method
KW  - groundwater movement
KW  - saturated flow
KW  - subsurface water
KW  - unsaturated flow
KW  - simulation
KW  - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication
KW  - SW 0840:Groundwater
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - CONF
T1  - History of Bacillus thuringiensis
AN  - 16973238; 3627380
AB  - Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was isolated from a flour moth collected in the German province of Thuringia and described by Berliner in 1915. The same organism had already been described by Ishiwata in 1902 as Bacillus sotto from Japan where it causes a wilt disease of silkworm caterpillars, but the description was not known to Berliner. Bt is now the accepted name for a range of aerobic spore-forming bacteria which form an insect toxic crystal during sporulation. However, many bacteriologists consider Bt to be a variant of Bacillus cereus, a ubiquitous soil-inhabiting bacterium. Since the pioneering work of Steinhaus in California in the early 1950s, there has been considerable commercial interest and products are now sold in most countries of the world for control of caterpillars (var. kurstaki, entomocidus, galleriae and Aizawai), mosquito and blackfly larvae (var. israelensis) and beetle larvae (var. tenebrionis and san diego).
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
AU  - Milner, R J
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 9
EP  - 13
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - pest control
KW  - toxins
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - taxonomy
KW  - A 01014:Others
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease in patients with AIDS
AN  - 16972756; 3623600
AB  - Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is a common complication of advanced HIV disease that is associated with significant morbidity. After diagnosis of MAC by recovery of organisms from blood or other normally sterile sites, specific treatment with multiple-drug regimens is appropriate and may reduce morbidity. Multiple-drug regimens with agents active against MAC should be employed to reduce the development of drug resistance. Unfortunately, as most clinical trials of anti-MAC agents have lasted 12 weeks or less and have not compared specific agents, the most effective multiple-drug regimen has not been established. The U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on Prophylaxis and Therapy of MAC recommends treatment of disseminated disease with at least two antimycobacterial agents, one of which should be clarithromycin or possibly azithromycin. Ethambutol, which may have an additive or synergistic effect in combination with other anti-MAC agents, is a reasonable second drug. Other agents with activity include rifampin or rifabutin, clofazimine, ciprofloxacin, or parenteral amikacin. A microbiological response may require up to 2 to 8 weeks. The clinical response generally parallels the microbiological response. Rifabutin, which is licensed for prophylaxis of MAC, reduces the incidence of and delays the time to MAC bacteremia. Individuals at highest risk of MAC bacteremia (i.e., CD4 super(+) cell counts of <75-100 cells/ mu l) had the most benefit from rifabutin prophylaxis. Tuberculosis must be ruled out before rifabutin prophylaxis is initiated. Careful observation without prophylaxis is an acceptable alternative for those who are not able to take rifabutin or alternative agents.
JF  - AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
AU  - Benson, C
AD  - Rush Med. Coll., Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 913
EP  - 916
VL  - 10
IS  - 8
SN  - 0889-2229, 0889-2229
KW  - ethambutol
KW  - rifampin
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts
KW  - Mycobacterium avium
KW  - drug resistance
KW  - synergism
KW  - bacteremia
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others
KW  - V 22004:AIDS: Clinical aspects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycobacterium avium; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; bacteremia; synergism; drug resistance
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantitative relation between emphysema and lung mineral content in coalworkers
AN  - 16969374; 3619739
AB  - The relation between quantified emphysema and measured lung content of coal and silica was investigated in the lungs of 264 deceased underground coalworkers who had been exposed to mixed coal and silica dust. Lung specimens obtained at postmortem and inflated and fixed under standard conditions were used to quantify the extent of emphysema and then to measure the amount of coal and silica present in the lungs at the time of death. These data were combined with clinical and other pathological information from the subjects. Multiple regression analysis showed that the extent of emphysema (E score) had a strong positive quantitative relation with coal content of the lungs, age, and smoking. There was a significant negative interaction of uncertain biological importance between coal content of the lungs and smoking. In lifelong non-smokers emphysema was particularly strongly related to coal content and age. The relation was basically unchanged by adding a lung silica content term.
JF  - Occupational and Environmental Medicine
AU  - Leigh, J
AU  - Driscoll, T R
AU  - Cole, B D
AU  - Beck, R W
AU  - Hull, B P
AU  - Yang, Jihong
AD  - Epidemiol. Unit, Natl. Inst. Occup. Health and Saf., Worksafe Australia, GPO Box 58, Syndney, N.S.W. 2001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 400
EP  - 407
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
SN  - 1351-0711, 1351-0711
KW  - emphysema
KW  - man
KW  - silicon dioxide
KW  - silica
KW  - respiratory diseases
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - mining
KW  - coal
KW  - occupational exposure
KW  - X 24153:Metabolism
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - H SI2.20:COAL INDUSTRIES
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coal; silica; occupational exposure; respiratory diseases; mining; emphysema; man
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Accumulation of metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from the lower Passaic River, New Jersey
AN  - 16968909; 3619513
AB  - Thirteen sediment cores of 1.5-6 m depth were collected from the lower Passaic River in Newark, New Jersey and assayed for metals, total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and Aroclor super( registered ) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Chronological profiles of chemical concentrations at specified depths and sediment accumulation rates in each core were determined by super(137)Cs and super(210)Pb radioisotope measurements. Temporal concentrations of these chemicals were compared to available benchmark sediment toxicity values to assess historic and current toxic hazards to aquatic organisms. The results indicate that the lower Passaic River is heavily contaminated due to recent and historical municipal and industrial discharges from local and upstream sources. The primary sources of PCBs, PAHs, and metals appear to be discharges of industrial effluents either directly into the waterway or through combined sewer overflows. Additional inputs are probably from urban runoff entering through combined sewer overflows and storm drains.
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
AU  - Wenning, R J
AU  - Bonnevie, N L
AU  - Huntley, S L
AD  - ChemRisk--Div. McLaren/Hart, Stroudwater Crossing, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 64
EP  - 81
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
SN  - 0090-4341, 0090-4341
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark, Passaic R.
KW  - PCB
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - accumulation
KW  - contamination
KW  - fluvial sediments
KW  - heavy metals
KW  - polychlorinated biphenyls
KW  - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - sediment pollution
KW  - sediment-water exchanges
KW  - storm runoff
KW  - stormwater runoff
KW  - wastewater discharges
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - USA, New Jersey
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - industrial wastes
KW  - Brackish
KW  - rivers
KW  - hydrocarbons
KW  - USA, New Jersey, Passaic R.
KW  - sediments
KW  - water pollution
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - X 24240:Miscellaneous
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; hydrocarbons; sediments; sediment pollution; sediment-water exchanges; rivers; water pollution; accumulation; PCB; heavy metals; stormwater runoff; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; contamination; wastewater discharges; PCB compounds; fluvial sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; storm runoff; USA, New Jersey, Passaic R.; USA, New Jersey; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Production of slime polysaccharides by Shigella dysenteriae type 1
AN  - 16966245; 3620490
AB  - Electron microscopy of ruthenium red-stained ultrathin section of strains of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 grown in the Casamino Acids-yeast extract broth medium showed the presence of an extracellular slime layer. The slime appeared as a dense sheath covering bacteria. The presence of slime promoted hemagglutinating activity of the bacteria. The slime polysaccharide (SPS) isolated from the cell-free culture supernatant or the bacterial surface was less than 162,000 daltons in size and immunochemically similar. The SPS showed cross-reaction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen in immunological tests; however, it also appeared to be different from LPS since it did not contain 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, a core sugar of LPS. A different pattern of separation from LPS was also observed by silver staining of SDS-polyacrylamide gels. From these data it appeared that either LPS and SPS are contaminated with each other or that SPS is the polysaccharide portion of LPS.
JF  - Microbiology and Immunology
AU  - Qadri, F
AU  - Haque, MdA
AU  - Hossain, A
AU  - Albert, MJ
AD  - Lab. Sci. Div., Int. Cent. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 11
EP  - 18
VL  - 38
IS  - 1
SN  - 0385-5600, 0385-5600
KW  - slime
KW  - polysaccharides
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - hemagglutination
KW  - production
KW  - Shigella dysenteriae
KW  - J 02730:Carbohydrates
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella dysenteriae; production; hemagglutination
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The costs of crest induction for Daphnia carinata
AN  - 16960650; 3809823
AB  - The effects of notonectid-induced crests on growth and reproduction, and resource allocation to crest construction, moult losses and eggs of Daphnia carinata were measured. An attempt was made to elucidate the mechanisms of physiological costs of crest induction for this species. The crested morph of D. carinata reached a significantly larger size than the uncrested form. Reproductive output was similar in early instars, but the crested morph produced more eggs in latter broods. Instar duration was longer for the crested morph and age at first reproduction was delayed. Survival was also lower in this form. Crest construction required significant resources (equivalent to 60 eggs over a life time) but evidence is presented that these resources were obtained primarily by re-allocation of available material rather than collection of extra resources. The crested morph allocated significantly more resources to moulting than its uncrested counter-parts. The uncrested morph produced large eggs in early instars and progressively smaller ones in later instars. The crested morph produced only small eggs. The hypothesis is presented that the crest-induction strategy of D. carinata involves at least two separate sets of responses, each with its own costs and trade-offs. The first response is production of the crest. The cost of crest production is an increased cost of moulting. D. carinata off sets this cost by increasing instar duration and thus age at reproduction. The second response is increased size. D. carinata achieves this by reducing the fraction of available resources allocated to reproduction. The cost is lower reproductive output.
JF  - Oecologia
AU  - Barry, MJ
AD  - Key Cent. Appl. Nutr. Toxicol., RMIT, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 278
EP  - 288
VL  - 97
IS  - 2
SN  - 0029-8549, 0029-8549
KW  - biological age
KW  - energetics
KW  - molting
KW  - morphology
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - predation
KW  - bioenergetics
KW  - body size
KW  - Daphnia carinata
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - sexual maturity
KW  - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology
KW  - D 04665:Crustaceans
KW  - Q1 08284:Reproduction and development
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - predation; biological age; body size; bioenergetics; sexual maturity; morphology; energetics; molting; Daphnia carinata; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modelling microbial growth: A statistical thermodynamic approach
AN  - 16958849; 3620562
AB  - This paper details a statistical thermodynamic approach describing the reaction kinetics of growth of microorganisms. A general equation is derived for single substrate limited microbial growth. This equation provides a unifying theoretical basis that accounts for the more specialized cases represented by the commonly used empirical models of unstructured nature such as the Monod, Moser and multiple Monod equations and the empirical parameters appearing in these equations are shown to be physically well defined. Three sets of experimental data are used to test the general equation and the results are compared with those obtained by fitting the experimental data to the Monod, Moser and multiple Monod equations. The general equation is found to be more widely applicable and represent a better description of the experimental data because it includes the Monod, Moser and multiple Monod equations as special cases.
JF  - Journal of Biotechnology
AU  - Tan, Y
AU  - Wang, Zhi-Xin
AU  - Schneider, R P
AU  - Marshall, K C
AD  - CSIRO Cent. Environ. Mech., GPO Box 821, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 97
EP  - 106
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
SN  - 0168-1656, 0168-1656
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - thermodynamics
KW  - statistics
KW  - microorganisms
KW  - growth
KW  - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - growth; microorganisms; mathematical models; statistics; thermodynamics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Safety of combined pravastatin-gemfibrozil therapy
AN  - 16957390; 3813857
AB  - Pharmacotherapy for dyslipidemias in which low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) elevations are accompanied by other lipid abnormalities may require the use of multiple agents. Combined drug therapy with lovastatin and either gemfibrozil or niacin enhances the risk for the myopathic syndrome and its associated sequelae. The incidence of myositis with lovastatin monotherapy is 0.1% to 0.3%; however, concomitant administration of lovastatin with gemfibrozil enhances the risk of myositis to 5%. Whether the lower incidence of myositis with pravastatin alone (4 times the upper limit of normal. In this report, we addressed the safety of combined pravastatin-gemfibrozil therapy in a cohort of 32 hyperlipidemic patients with a mean follow-up of 53 weeks.
JF  - American Journal of Cardiology
AU  - Rosenson, R S
AU  - Frauenheim, WA
AD  - Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 499
EP  - 500
VL  - 74
IS  - 5
SN  - 0002-9149, 0002-9149
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - side effects
KW  - drugs
KW  - cardiovascular diseases
KW  - H SE4.28:PHARMACEUTICALS
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cardiovascular diseases; drugs; side effects
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular analysis of rRNA and cholera toxin genes carried by the new epidemic strain of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal
AN  - 16956340; 3620104
AB  - Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal recently caused large epidemics of cholera-like disease in Bangladesh and India. We compared the restriction fragment length polymorphisms of ctxA and rRNA genes (ribotypes) in 27 isolates of V. cholerae O139 from patients in Bangladesh and India with those of 48 isolates of V. cholerae O1 from patients and 21 V. cholerae isolates from surface waters in Bangladesh, which included 2 O139 and 19 other non-O1 isolates. Ribotyping of the isolates with Bg/I revealed that all 29 isolates of O139 vibrios belonged to a single ribotype, suggesting a clonal nature of the infection. However, the O139 vibrios comprised two ctxA genotypes and carried three or more copies of the ctxA gene, and the chromosomal locations of these copies were unlike those of the El Tor or classical vibrios. Analysis of the restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the rRNA genes suggested that V. cholerae O139 isolates are more closely related to El Tor strains of V. cholerae O1 than were 19 other non-O1 vibrios and 33 classical V. cholerae O1 isolates that were studied. However, further studies are needed to determine whether V. cholerae O139 originated from mutations and genetic changes in a V. cholerae O1 strain or was due to the acquisition of virulence genes by a previously unknown V. cholerae non-O1 strain.
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
AU  - Faruque, S M
AU  - Alim, ARMA
AU  - Roy, S K
AU  - Khan, F
AU  - Nair, G B
AU  - Sack, R B
AU  - Albert, MJ
AD  - Mol. Biol. Lab., Lab. Sci. Div., Int. Cent. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1050
EP  - 1053
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
SN  - 0095-1137, 0095-1137
KW  - rRNA
KW  - ctxA gene
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - genes
KW  - cholera
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - restriction fragment length polymorphism
KW  - J 02725:DNA
KW  - N 14414:Structure and sequence
KW  - G 07321:GENERAL
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio cholerae; genes; restriction fragment length polymorphism; cholera
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development and evaluation of rapid monoclonal antibody-based coagglutination test for direct detection of Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal in stool samples
AN  - 16955747; 3616217
AB  - A monoclonal antibody-based coagglutination test directly detected Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal in 83 of 120 watery diarrheal stool specimens; on culture, 90 samples were positive. Thus, with 92% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 100% positive and 95% negative predictive values, the coagglutination test is a useful rapid test for V. cholerae O139.
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
AU  - Qadri, F
AU  - Chowdhury, A
AU  - Hossain, J
AU  - Chowdhury, K
AU  - Azim, T
AU  - Shimada, T
AU  - Islam, KMN
AU  - Sack, R B
AU  - Albert, MJ
AD  - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR, B, G.P.O. Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1589
EP  - 1590
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
SN  - 0095-1137, 0095-1137
KW  - serogroup O139
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - samples
KW  - feces
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - detection
KW  - tests
KW  - man
KW  - A 01116:Bacteria
KW  - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing
KW  - F 06008:Bacteria
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio cholerae; detection; monoclonal antibodies; tests; feces; samples; man
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of subclinical Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex infection in immunodeficient HIV-infected patients treated with zidovudine
AN  - 16950475; 3618595
AB  - To test the hypothesis that subclinical Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) infection may result in the development of a tuberculin response in immunodeficient HIV-infected individuals treated with zidovudine. Longitudinal, observational study. The Western Australian HIV Cohort Study; a prospective, single centre, population-based observational study of the natural history of HIV disease. Forty-nine patients with impaired delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and negative tuberculin responses in whom DTH responses were augmented within 6 months of starting zidovudine therapy. Progression to disseminated MAC infection stratified according to the presence or absence of a tuberculin response in the first 6 months of zidovudine therapy. Twenty-nine of the patients developed a post-zidovudine tuberculin response. None of the tuberculin non-responders developed disseminated MAC infection during the study period; the Kaplan-Meier probability estimate of disseminated MAC infection was 50% at 24 months and reached 100% 40 months after zidovudine was commenced in tuberculin responders. All patients with disseminated MAC infection had become anergic to all antigens, including tuberculin, before diagnosis. The probability of a post-zidovudine tuberculin response was related to the severity of peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell depletion, rising from an estimated 20% at 20% CD4+ T cells to 100% at less than or equal to 1% CD4+ T cells. The restoration of a cellular immune response against subclinical MAC infection can be demonstrated by measuring the DTH response to tuberculin in patients with impaired DTH augmented by zidovudine therapy. The findings suggest that MAC infection is almost inevitable, but often asymptomatic, in profoundly immunodeficient HIV-infected patients and that a prolonged subclinical phase of MAC infection is usual.
JF  - AIDS
AU  - Mallal, SA
AU  - James, IR
AU  - French, MAH
AD  - Dep. Clin. Immunol., Royal Perth Hosp., GPO Box X2213, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1263
EP  - 1269
VL  - 8
IS  - 9
SN  - 0269-9370, 0269-9370
KW  - zidovudine
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts
KW  - Mycobacterium avium
KW  - immune response (cell-mediated)
KW  - treatment
KW  - hypersensitivity (delayed)
KW  - tuberculin
KW  - human immunodeficiency virus
KW  - infection
KW  - J 02855:Human Bacteriology: Others
KW  - V 22004:AIDS: Clinical aspects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - human immunodeficiency virus; Mycobacterium avium; infection; treatment; tuberculin; hypersensitivity (delayed); immune response (cell-mediated)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Isolation of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis from Bangladeshi children with diarrhea: A controlled study
AN  - 16947234; 3620107
AB  - We undertook a controlled study of children younger than 5 years in Bangladesh to determine whether enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) was associated with diarrhea in this population. ETBF was isolated from 22 (6.1%) of 358 patients and 5 (1.2%) of 425 controls. In children younger than 1 year, however, low isolation rates (2 to 3%) were found in both patients and controls. In children older than 1 year, the rates were significantly higher in children with diarrhea (16 [9%] of 177) than in controls (2 [1%] of 264). When children with mixed infections with other known diarrheal pathogens were removed, the differences in children older than 1 year were still significant (7 [4%] of 177 versus 2 [1%] of 264). The syndrome associated with ETBF was secretory in nature, with watery diarrhea, and of mild severity. These epidemiological and clinical findings are similar to those from a previous study of White Mountain Apaches in the United States and are the first to suggest that ETBF may also be an important diarrheal pathogen in other geographic areas and in the developing world where diarrhea is highly endemic.
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
AU  - Sack, R B
AU  - Albert, MJ
AU  - Alam, K
AU  - Neogi, PKB
AU  - Akbar
AD  - ICDDR, B, G.P.O. Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 960
EP  - 963
VL  - 32
IS  - 4
SN  - 0095-1137, 0095-1137
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - diarrhea
KW  - Bacteroides fragilis
KW  - isolation
KW  - children
KW  - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteroides fragilis; isolation; diarrhea; children
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental co-operation in the Baltic Sea region: A Lithuanian perspective
AN  - 16946987; 3617901
AB  - International co-operation is vital if the ecological crisis in the Baltic Sea is to be reversed. Organisations such as the Baltic Co-operation Council and HELCOM and agreements such as the Helsinki Convention, the Baltic Sea Declaration, and the Gdansk Convention, already exist to facilitate co-operation. Successful implementation of these conventions requires commitment at the national level. Lithuania's commitment is hampered by internal economic, and political problems which must be surmounted if the country is to reduce its impact on the Baltic Sea.
JF  - GeoJournal
AU  - Banks, A
AD  - Univ. Tasmania, Cent. Environ. Stud., G.P.O. Box 252 C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 37
EP  - 43
VL  - 33
IS  - 1
SN  - 0343-2521, 0343-2521
KW  - ANE, Baltic
KW  - Baltic Sea
KW  - Europe, Baltic Region
KW  - international agreements
KW  - international cooperation
KW  - organizations
KW  - regional planning
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - environmental protection
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
KW  - Q2 09144:Regional studies, expeditions and data reports
KW  - SW 4010:Techniques of planning
KW  - Q1 08121:Law, policy, economics and social sciences
KW  - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - international agreements; organizations; regional planning; international cooperation; environmental protection; Baltic Sea; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Preservation and management of natural wetlands in the South Australian Murray Valley
AN  - 16945103; 3614758
AB  - The impact of river regulation has been to reduce flood frequencies on the Murray floodplain below Mildura. The lower frequency of inundation of wetlands reduces the number of successful breeding and regeneration events in floodplain biota, causing a decline in the health and vigour of many floodplain plants and animals. The potential for rehabilitation of floodplain wetlands through increased flushing flows has been demonstrated. The ultimate aim is to enhance habitat value and achieve maximum biodiversity. Future opportunities are identified for hydrological manipulation within river operating strategies to extend beneficial management on a floodplain scale to improve wetland habitat. These can be combined with rehabilitation techniques such as specific water allocations, grazing controls and physical works on individual wetlands to ensure preservation and sustainable management of natural wetlands along the South Australian Murray Valley. Results so far indicate that successful restoration of the wetlands will take a number of flushing events and will be dependent primarily on the acceleration and protection of natural regeneration processes.
JF  - Water Science & Technology
AU  - Jensen, A
AU  - Nicolson, C
AU  - Carter, J
A2  - Bavor, HJ
A2  - Mitchell, DS (eds)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 9
EP  - 333
SN  - 0080425321
KW  - environment management
KW  - environmental policy
KW  - flood frequency
KW  - flushing
KW  - habitat improvement (physical)
KW  - hydraulic engineering
KW  - rehabilitation
KW  - river engineering
KW  - river regulations
KW  - semiarid climates
KW  - watershed management
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - flood plains
KW  - environmental protection
KW  - wetlands
KW  - Australia, South Australia, Murray R.
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
KW  - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Human exposure to oxides of nitrogen at ambient and supra-ambient concentrations
AN  - 16943708; 3613411
AB  - Oxides of nitrogen (NO sub(x)) are a ubiquitous group of air pollutants found in outdoor air as well as indoor environments. The main source of these contaminants is from the combustion of biofuel. Low level and chronic exposure occurs mainly in indoor environments. Acute and high level exposure can occur in a variety of industrial, agricultural, mining, and military settings. The adverse effect of chronic and low level exposure on lung function has been suggested by several epidemiologic studies. However, the results of controlled human exposure to ambient concentrations of NO sub(x) have been inconsistent. On the other hand, acute exposure to high levels of NO sub(x) has a relatively predictable clinical response in the form of airway irritation, development of pulmonary edema and, in some cases chronic airway disease. There are several lines of evidence to support the role of nutritional antioxidants in amelioration of oxidant lung damage induced by NO sub(x).
JF  - Toxicology. Vol. 89, no. 3. 1994.
AU  - Mohsenin, V
A2  - Elsayad, NM (ed)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
KW  - health
KW  - risks
KW  - man
KW  - nitrogen dioxide
KW  - nitrogen oxides
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - respiratory system
KW  - air pollution
KW  - pollution effects
KW  - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY
KW  - X 24240:Miscellaneous
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - AIDS and injecting drug use: Very risky behaviour in a Perth sample of injecting drug users
AN  - 16931196; 3610137
AB  - This research was carried out in 1990 to examine high-risk injecting and sexual behaviour in a sample of injecting drug users (IDUs) in Perth. The study was a cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample drawn from drug treatment (54%) and non-treatment (46%) populations. In the sample of 150 IDUs, there were 11 very risky drug behaviour (VRDB) and 63 very risky sex behaviour (VRSB) respondents. Four respondents fell into both categories. Independent comparisons were made between each risk group and the rest of the sample. The VRDB respondents were heterosexual men, most of whom were in long-term monogamous relationships, with heavier levels of drug use than the rest of the sample. The VRSB respondents were largely single and mainly heterosexual, with more sexual partners than the rest of the sample. It was concluded that there was little evidence that very risky behaviour was related to a general risk-taking dimension, to inadequate knowledge about AIDS or to a low assessment of personal vulnerability to AIDS. However, situational influences in association with heavy drug use appeared to be a major component of high-risk injecting behaviour, while high-risk sexual behavior appeared more to be a reflection of community norms about heterosexual sexual behaviour. The study should be replicated with larger samples, particularly as the VRDB group was so small, but if the findings are reproduced in other studies, it suggests that serious attention should be paid to the promotion of safer sex among injecting drug users.
JF  - Drug and Alcohol Review
AU  - Loxley, WM
AU  - Hawks, D V
AD  - Natl. Cent. for Res. Prev. Drug Abuse, Curtin Univ. Tech., GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6001
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 21
EP  - 30
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SN  - 0959-5236, 0959-5236
KW  - drug abuse
KW  - injection
KW  - sexual behavior
KW  - risks
KW  - Australia, Perth
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts
KW  - epidemiology
KW  - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
KW  - V 22005:AIDS: Epidemiological aspects
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acquired immune deficiency syndrome; epidemiology; drug abuse; injection; sexual behavior; risks
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - The influence of water regime on the performance of aquatic plants
AN  - 16929709; 3604305
AB  - Experimental results demonstrate how small differences in depth and water regime have a significant affect on the accumulation and allocation of nutrients and biomass. Because the performance of aquatic plants depends on these factors, an understanding of their influence is essential to ensure that systems function at their full potential. The responses differed for two emergent species, indicating that within this morphological category, optimal performance will fall at different locations across a depth or water regime gradient. The performance of one species was unaffected by growth in mixture, whereas the other performed better in deep water and worse in shallow.
JF  - Water Science & Technology
AU  - Rea, N
AU  - Ganf, G G
A2  - Bavor, HJ
A2  - Mitchell, DS (eds)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 6
EP  - 132
SN  - 0080425321
KW  - hydrological regime
KW  - water depth
KW  - performance evaluation
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - flooding
KW  - biomass
KW  - wastewater treatment
KW  - macrophytes
KW  - aquatic plants
KW  - nutrients
KW  - biofiltration
KW  - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT
KW  - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A new human cell line for the molecular dissection of the requirement for interleukin-1 in the production of interleukin-2 by immature T cells
AN  - 16924178; 3605252
AB  - An immature human T cell line, PER-117, can be induced to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2). In contrast to mature T cells or the jurkat cell line, PER-117 cells require interleukin-1 (IL-1) for optimal IL-2 secretion, in addition to calcium ionophore and phorbol 12-myristate 12-acetate (PMA). These requirements mirror the conditions reported to be optimal for normal immature T cell receptor (TCR) negative thymocytes. IL-1 did not substitute for either of the other signals required for IL-2 production, i.e., calcium ionophore or PMA, suggesting that IL-1 activates pathways different from those elicited by the two other stimuli. The studies reported here provide the first evidence that three signals are required for optimal IL-2 production in a human immature T cell line. PER-117 cells produce substantial levels of IL-2 and thus provide a model to study stage-specific signal transduction and transcriptional activation of the IL-2 gene in IL-1 responsive immature thymocytes.
JF  - Journal of Immunological Methods
AU  - Kees, U R
AU  - Peroni, SE
AU  - Ranford, PR
AU  - Ford, J
AD  - Div. Children's Leukaemia and Cancer Res., Western Australian Res. Inst. Child Health, Princess Margaret Hosp., G.P.O. Box D 184, Perth, W.A. 6001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
VL  - 168
IS  - 1
SN  - 0022-1759, 0022-1759
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts
KW  - interleukin 2
KW  - interleukin 1
KW  - lymphocytes T
KW  - production
KW  - requirements
KW  - man
KW  - W3 33240:Immunology
KW  - F 06756:Function
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - interleukin 2; interleukin 1; lymphocytes T; requirements; production; man
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Changes in infiltration and drainage during wastewater irrigation of a highly permeable soil
AN  - 16923089; 3600418
AB  - The effects of wastewater irrigation on hydraulic properties of a highly permeable, volcanic-ash soil are presented. Ponded infiltration rate, water content, and drainage were measured by the instantaneous profile technique in a 5-m super(3), 2.3 m deep isolated soil monolith. This was done both before and after 32 mo of irrigation with secondary-treated wastewater. Irrigation then continued for a further 4 mo. After 8 mo of no irrigation, a third set of measurements was made. Ponded infiltration rate decreased by 50% from 8.3 x 10 super(-5) to 4.1 x 10 super(-5) m/s after 32 mo of wastewater irrigation. A further decrease to 1.7 x 10 super(-5) m/s was found 1 yr later. Three years of wastewater irrigation resulted in a 25-mm decrease in the amount of water stored by the soil to a depth of 2.3 m after 20 d of drainage. This decrease was mainly at depths less than 1 m and may be due to restricted wetting of the soil. An identical decrease was found in the amount of water that drained from the soil during these 20 d. However, the water content at depth 0.1 m after 20 d of drainage was increased by 0.1 m super(3) m super(-3). This increase in water content and the concomitant decrease in infiltration rate appear to be caused by clogging of soil pores.
JF  - Journal of Environmental Quality
AU  - Cook, F J
AU  - Kelliher, F M
AU  - McMahon, S D
AD  - CSIRO Cent. for Environ. Mech., GPO Box 821, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 476
EP  - 482
VL  - 23
IS  - 3
SN  - 0047-2425, 0047-2425
KW  - New Zealand, Rotorua
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - hydraulic permeability
KW  - soil water
KW  - wastewater irrigation
KW  - land disposal
KW  - subsoil drainage
KW  - soil porosity
KW  - infiltration
KW  - water quality control
KW  - permeability
KW  - wastewater disposal
KW  - irrigation
KW  - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater disposal; irrigation; permeability; infiltration; soil porosity; soil water; subsoil drainage; hydraulic permeability; wastewater irrigation; land disposal; water quality control
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reevaluating the classification of Paracoccus halodenitrificans with sequence comparisons of 16S ribosomal DNA
AN  - 16919786; 3595449
AB  - The results of phylogenetic analysis in which 16S ribosomal DNA sequences were compared confirmed previous chemotaxonomic data which suggested that Paracoccus halodentrificans is inappropriately placed in the genus Paracoccus, which belongs in the alpha subclass of the Proteobacteria. P. halodenitrificans should be placed in the family Halomonadaceae, which belongs in the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria.
JF  - International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology
AU  - Miller, J M
AU  - Dobson, S J
AU  - Franzmann, P D
AU  - McMeedin, T A
AD  - Dep. Agric. Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 360
EP  - 361
VL  - 44
IS  - 2
SN  - 0020-7713, 0020-7713
KW  - Paracoccus halodenitrificans
KW  - rDNA
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - phylogeny
KW  - classification
KW  - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - classification; phylogeny
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Estimation of the absorption and the scattering coefficients of natural waters by use of underwater irradiance measurements
AN  - 16917258; 3599449
AB  - To understand the behavior of sunlight in natural water bodies, we need to know the inherent optical properties, especially the absorption (a) and the scattering (b) coefficients, of these waters. The values of these coefficients are, however, quite difficult to measure and vary markedly from one water body to another. Measurement of underwater irradiance, by contrast, is relatively easy, and is carried out routinely by many oceanographers and limnologists and by environmental management agencies. The variation of downward and upward irradiance with depth within any water body is largely determined by the inherent optical properties of the aquatic medium and is only weakly affected by changes in the incident radiation field such as a change in solar elevation. This observation has naturally suggested the possibility of using underwater irradiance measurements, either on their own or together with the comparatively easily measured beam attenuation coefficient, to arrive at estimates of the absorption and the scattering coefficients.
JF  - Applied Optics
AU  - Kirk, JTO
AD  - Div. Plant Ind., Commonw. Sci. and Ind. Res. Organ., G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 3276
EP  - 3278
VL  - 33
IS  - 15
SN  - 0003-6935, 0003-6935
KW  - Monte Carlo method
KW  - absorption
KW  - equations
KW  - light scattering
KW  - natural waters
KW  - underwater
KW  - water transparency
KW  - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - irradiation
KW  - Brackish
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - sensors
KW  - optical properties
KW  - remote sensing
KW  - Q2 09223:Optical properties
KW  - SW 5040:Data acquisition
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sensors; optical properties; irradiation; mathematical models; water transparency; equations; light scattering; remote sensing; absorption; underwater; Monte Carlo method; natural waters; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure assessment: Then, now, and quantum leaps in the future
AN  - 16914961; 3602669
AB  - Health risk assessments have become so widely accepted in the United States that their conclusions are a major factor in many environmental decisions. Although the risk assessment paradigm is 10 years old, the basic risk assessment process has been used by certain regulatory agencies for nearly 40 years. A recent step in the development of the exposure assessment component can be found in the 1992 EPA Guidelines for Exposure Assessment. These guidelines are designed to lead to an accurate characterization, making use of a number of scientific advances. Many exposure parameters have become better defined, and more sensitive techniques now exist for measuring concentrations of contaminants in the environment. Statistical procedures for characterizing variability, using Monte Carlo or similar approaches, eliminate the need to select point estimates for all individual exposure parameters. These probabilistic models can more accurately characterize the full range of exposures that may potentially be encountered by a given population at a particular site, reducing the need to select highly conservative values to account for this form of uncertainty in the exposure estimate. Lastly, our awareness of the uncertainties in the exposure assessment as well as our knowledge as to how best to characterize them will almost certainly provide evaluations that will be more credible and, therein, more useful to risk managers.
JF  - Risk Analysis
AU  - Keenan, R E
AU  - Finley, B L
AU  - Price, P S
AD  - ChemRisk registered Div., McLaren/Hart Environ. Eng. Corp., 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 225
EP  - 230
VL  - 14
IS  - 3
SN  - 0272-4332, 0272-4332
KW  - risk management
KW  - exposure
KW  - Risk Abstracts
KW  - hazards
KW  - environmental health
KW  - decision making
KW  - public health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Exposure+assessment%3A+Then%2C+now%2C+and+quantum+leaps+in+the+future&rft.au=Keenan%2C+R+E%3BFinley%2C+B+L%3BPrice%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Keenan&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; environmental health; decision making; hazards
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A simple generalized model of allometry, with examples of length and weight relationships for 14 species of groundfish
AN  - 16908487; 3593403
JF  - Fishery Bulletin
AU  - Xiao, Yongshun
AU  - Ramm, D C
AD  - Fish. Div., Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., G.P.O. Box 990, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 664
EP  - 670
VL  - 92
IS  - 3
SN  - 0090-0656, 0090-0656
KW  - allometry
KW  - demersal fisheries
KW  - fishery biology
KW  - marine fish
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - biometrics
KW  - Pisces
KW  - length-weight relationships
KW  - Q1 08424:Age and growth
KW  - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications
KW  - O 1090:Instruments/Methods
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.atitle=A+simple+generalized+model+of+allometry%2C+with+examples+of+length+and+weight+relationships+for+14+species+of+groundfish&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Yongshun%3BRamm%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Yongshun&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=664&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fishery+Bulletin&rft.issn=00900656&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - allometry; length-weight relationships; demersal fisheries; fishery biology; mathematical models; marine fish; biometrics; Pisces; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of breeding density, synchrony, and experience on extrapair paternity in tree swallows
AN  - 16897301; 3588412
AB  - Breeding density, synchrony, and experience are expected to influence the frequency of extrapair paternity in birds. Using DNA fingerprinting, we examined the effect of these factors on tree swallows nesting at relatively high (grids of nest-boxes) and low (solitary boxes at least 100 m from the nearest neighbor) densities and in relatively synchronous (Alberta) and asynchronous (Ontario) populations in Canada. The mean percentage of extrapair offspring per nest did not differ significantly between birds nesting in grids (43%, n = 22 families) and solitary boxes (57%, n = 12 families). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the mean percentage of extrapair offspring per nest between relatively synchronous (60%, n = 12 Alberta families) and asynchronous (41%, n = 22 Ontario families) populations. We also found no consistent pattern between extrapair paternity and breeding experience among seven males and seven females examined over two to three breeding seasons. Female tree swallows can influence the fertilization success of extrapair males by active selection and rejection of copulation partners. We suggest that this ability limits the predicted effect of various ecological factors on the frequency of extrapair paternity.
JF  - Behavioral Ecology
AU  - Dunn, PO
AU  - Whittingham, LA
AU  - Lifjeld, J T
AU  - Robertson, R J
AU  - Boag, P T
AD  - Div. Bot. and Zool., Aust. Natl. Univ., GPO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 123
EP  - 129
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
SN  - 1045-2249, 1045-2249
KW  - extrapair paternity
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts
KW  - density
KW  - synchronization
KW  - breeding
KW  - Canada
KW  - experience
KW  - Tachycineta bicolor
KW  - D 04671:Birds
KW  - Y 25426:Birds
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+Ecology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+breeding+density%2C+synchrony%2C+and+experience+on+extrapair+paternity+in+tree+swallows&rft.au=Dunn%2C+PO%3BWhittingham%2C+LA%3BLifjeld%2C+J+T%3BRobertson%2C+R+J%3BBoag%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=PO&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+Ecology&rft.issn=10452249&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tachycineta bicolor; Canada; breeding; density; synchronization; experience
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A comparison of genetic diversity levels in marine, freshwater, and anadromous fishes
AN  - 16894859; 3589833
AB  - Electrophoretic data were analysed from 49 species of freshwater fish, 57 species of marine fish, and seven anadromous species. For each species, at least 15 individuals had been assayed for at least 15 loci in two or more subpopulations. The results showed that while average total heterozygosity (H sub(T)) was approximately equal in freshwater and marine species (0 multiplied by 062 and 0.064 respectively), subpopulation heterozygosity (H sub(S)) was significantly less in the former group (0.046 and 0.059 respectively). Consequently the average degree of genetic subpopulation differentiation (G sub(ST)) was significantly greater for freshwater species (0.222 v. 0.062). On average, it is likely that marine subpopulations exchange between 10 and 100 times more migrants per generation than freshwater subpopulations, presumably because of the relative absence of barriers to dispersal in the marine environment. The reduced values of H sub(S) in freshwater species are likely to reflect reduced effective subpopulation sizes relative to marine species. The few andromous species that have been analysed show intermediate levels of G sub(ST).
JF  - Journal of Fish Biology
AU  - Ward, R D
AU  - Woodwark, M
AU  - Skibinski, DOF
AD  - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 213
EP  - 232
VL  - 44
IS  - 2
SN  - 0022-1112, 0022-1112
KW  - anadromous species
KW  - comparative studies
KW  - freshwater fish
KW  - genetic variance
KW  - heterozygosity
KW  - marine fish
KW  - migration
KW  - population differentiation
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - electrophoresis
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Pisces
KW  - population genetics
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Q1 08443:Population genetics
KW  - D 04668:Fish
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population genetics; anadromous species; comparative studies; freshwater fish; electrophoresis; marine fish; population differentiation; migration; genetic variance; Pisces; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fixed-wing, aerial application of liquid Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 (Acrobe) for control of spring Aedes mosquitoes in Michigan
AN  - 16894407; 3588185
AB  - Liquid Bacillus thuringiensis H-14 (Acrobe) was applied from fixed-wing aircraft at a rate of 4.68 liters of water-insecticide mixture (1.17 liter concentrate) per hectare to woodland pools in Michigan. A post-treatment larval survey indicated an 88.5% reduction in Aedes species larvae. A volume median diameter of 208 microns was determined.
JF  - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
AU  - Knepper, R G
AU  - Wagner, SA
AU  - Abel, E
AU  - Walker, ED
AD  - Saginaw Cty. Mosq. Abatement Comm., 211 Congress St., Saginaw, MI 48602, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 42
EP  - 44
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
SN  - 8756-971X, 8756-971X
KW  - aerial applications
KW  - insect larvae
KW  - pesticide applications
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - insecticides
KW  - Aedes
KW  - biological control
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - Culicidae
KW  - USA, Michigan
KW  - pest control
KW  - pesticides
KW  - Diptera
KW  - A 01014:Others
KW  - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology
KW  - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; biological control; pest control; insect larvae; pesticides; pesticide applications; aerial applications; Aedes; Bacillus thuringiensis; Culicidae; Diptera; USA, Michigan
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Limits to predictability in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model due to atmospheric noise
AN  - 16893203; 3805597
AB  - A coupled-ocean atmosphere model with demonstrated skill in ENSO prediction is used to examine limits to predictability due to stochastic momentum forcing from the atmosphere. Previous estimates of predictability limits in coupled models may be overly optimistic because of the absence of realistic atmospheric noise in the intermediate atmospheric model used. It is found that unavoidable error grows rapidly with a time scale of 4 or so months. It then saturates at a level around 0.5 degree C for the Nino 3 region.
JF  - Tellus. Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography
AU  - Kleeman, R
AU  - Power, S B
AD  - Bureau Meteorol. Res. Cent., G.P.O. Box 1289K, Melbourne 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 529
EP  - 540
VL  - 46A
IS  - 4
SN  - 0280-6495, 0280-6495
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - atmospheric circulation
KW  - ocean-atmosphere system
KW  - modelling
KW  - El Nino phenomena
KW  - Southern Oscillation
KW  - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling
KW  - O 2070:Meteorology
KW  - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tellus.+Series+A%3A+Dynamic+Meteorology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Limits+to+predictability+in+a+coupled+ocean-atmosphere+model+due+to+atmospheric+noise&rft.au=Kleeman%2C+R%3BPower%2C+S+B&rft.aulast=Kleeman&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=46A&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tellus.+Series+A%3A+Dynamic+Meteorology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=02806495&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric circulation; ocean-atmosphere system; modelling; Southern Oscillation; El Nino phenomena; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biomass allocation near an alpine treeline: Causes and consequences for diversity
AN  - 16888512; 3798181
AB  - Patterns of biomass allocation and species richness were examined along an altitude gradient (1 600-2 100 m) near the upper limit of trees and shrubs in the Snowy Mountains of southeastern Australia. Stem mass decreased significantly with increasing altitude, flower mass increased with altitude, but root and leaf mass did not vary. Root: shoot ratios and leaf and flower allocation increased significantly with altitude whilst stem allocation decreased significantly. Because stems comprised up to 80% of community biomass, most of the variation in allocation of other biomass components and root: shoot ratios were simply reflections of variation in absolute stem mass. Variation in stem mass was produced by phenotypic plasticity as well as a lack of stemmed species at high altitudes. Tree seedlings grown without neighbours for two years showed significantly higher stem allocation at low altitudes than at high altitudes. Two common stemless species were found only at high altitudes whilst a third occurred at all altitudes. Species richness was greatest at intermediate altitudes where maximum overlap occurred between stemmed and stemless species.
JF  - Ecoscience. Sainte-Foy
AU  - Wilson, S D
AD  - Res. Sch. Biol. Sci., Australian Natl. Univ., G.P.O. Box 475, Canberra ACT, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 185
EP  - 189
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
SN  - 1195-6860, 1195-6860
KW  - Australia, Snowy Mts.
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - resource allocation
KW  - biomass
KW  - alpine environments
KW  - plants
KW  - species diversity
KW  - D 04625:Plants - general
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecoscience.+Sainte-Foy&rft.atitle=Biomass+allocation+near+an+alpine+treeline%3A+Causes+and+consequences+for+diversity&rft.au=Wilson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecoscience.+Sainte-Foy&rft.issn=11956860&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - plants; species diversity; biomass; resource allocation; alpine environments
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Six methods for determining sorptivity and hydraulic conductivity with disc permeameters
AN  - 16882591; 3801358
AB  - The disc permeameter has become a popular apparatus for measuring in situ the sorptivity, S, and hydraulic conductivity, K, of the soil at some prescribed potential. A number of different methods have been proposed for calculating S and K using the flow rate, Q(t), from the disc. Measurements of Q(t) on a Kokotau silt loam soil were made using discs with radii of 50 and 102 mm. Measurements were made at potentials of -20, -40, and -100 mm with the 102-mm disc and at potentials of -20 and -40 mm with the 50 mm disc. S and K were calculated using six different methods. These three methods and a method based on a linear diffusion model gave similar values of S and/or K. The method of Youngs, which uses the early- to medium-time infiltration data to calculate K, gave very low and inconsistent values of K. Calculations of K were also made from values of S at two different potentials. Here S as S sub(o) was first calculated by using the early-time values of Q(t super( one half )). These values of K were similar to those calculated using the methods based on Wooding's equation. This suggests that measuring S at two or more different potentials, using the disc permeameter, would provide a very rapid method for characterizing the hydraulic properties of soils, provided the soil is fine textured and S can be measured either from the early-time behavior or using the method of Warrick.
JF  - Soil Science
AU  - Cook, F J
AU  - Broeren, A
AD  - CSIRO, Cent. Environ. Mech. GPO Box 821, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 2
EP  - 11
VL  - 157
IS  - 1
SN  - 0038-075X, 0038-075X
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - soil water
KW  - permeameters
KW  - measuring instruments
KW  - sorption
KW  - soil properties
KW  - permeability coefficient
KW  - SW 0845:Water in soils
KW  - SW 5040:Data acquisition
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - permeability coefficient; permeameters; sorption; measuring instruments; soil properties; soil water
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A role for a pertussis toxin-sensitive trimeric G-protein in store-operated Ca super(2+) inflow in hepatocytes
AN  - 16882227; 3792681
AB  - The mechanism of store-operated Ca super(2+) inflow in hepatocytes was investigated using fluo-3 and fura-2 to monitor changes in the concentration of intracellular free Ca super(2+) in single cells, and 1-( alpha -glycerophosphoryl)-myo-inositol 4,5-diphosphate. P super(4(5))-1(2-nitrophenyl)ethyl ester ('caged' GPIP sub(2)) and 'caged' guanosine 5'-[ gamma thio]triphospate (GTP gamma S) (introduced into the cytoplasmic space by microinjection), thapsigargin and 2,5-di-tertbutylhydroquinone (DBHQ) to stimulate Ca super(2+) inflow. Photolysis of 'caged' GPIP sub(2) or 'caged' GTP gamma S stimulated Ca super(2+) inflow. The abilities of GPIP sub(2), thapsigargin and DBHQ to stimulate Ca super(2+) inflow were inhibited by the pre-treatment of hepatocytes with pertussis toxin in vivo for 36 h. Thapsigargin-stimulated Ca super(2+) inflow was also inhibited by guanosine 5'-[ beta -thio]diphosphate (GDP beta S) (introduced by microinjection). It is concluded that, in hepatocytes, store-operated Ca super(2+) inflow induced by the actions of either inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, thapsigargin or DBHQ requires a pertussis toxin-sensitive trimeric G-protein.
JF  - FEBS Letters
AU  - Berven, LA
AU  - Barritt, G J
AD  - Dep. Med. Biochem., Sch. Med., Flinders Univ., GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 235
EP  - 240
VL  - 346
IS  - 2-3
SN  - 0014-5793, 0014-5793
KW  - inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate
KW  - inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
KW  - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - calcium currents
KW  - Bordetella pertussis
KW  - toxins
KW  - hepatocytes
KW  - X 24171:Microbial
KW  - T 20019:Cellular calcium, channels and currents
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+Letters&rft.atitle=A+role+for+a+pertussis+toxin-sensitive+trimeric+G-protein+in+store-operated+Ca+super%282%2B%29+inflow+in+hepatocytes&rft.au=Berven%2C+LA%3BBarritt%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Berven&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=346&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEBS+Letters&rft.issn=00145793&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bordetella pertussis; toxins; hepatocytes; calcium currents
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The case for an Environmental Technology Act
AN  - 16881189; 3800628
AB  - The National Environmental Technology Act, which came close to enactment during the last session of Congress, is designed to protect the environment and create jobs. It does not favor the environment at the expense of the economy, or vice versa. Instead, the bill embodies the concept that environmental progress and economic progress will be mutually reinforcing goals. A recent study examining states' environmental and economic progress found that "the states that do the most to protect their natural resources also wind up with the strongest economies and best jobs for their citizens," according to Bob Hall of the nonprofit Institute for Southern Studies, which made the study. A long-term strategy of sustainable development doesn't mean living in tents in the forest. It means pursuing economic progress in a way that protects the environment. It means broadly improving the overall prospects of future generations. The linchpin is technology. By the year 2050, both population and per capita output are expected to more than double. As a result, the level of worldwide economic activity will be five times greater than it is today. That level is sustainable only if we make major improvements in the way that we produce goods and services, however.
JF  - EPA Journal
AU  - Baucus, M
AD  - Senator Baucus (D-Montana), Chairman Comm. Environ. and Public Works, U.S. Senate,
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 37
EP  - 38
VL  - 20
IS  - 3-4
KW  - Environmental Technology Act
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - USA
KW  - sustainable development
KW  - legislation
KW  - economics
KW  - environmental protection
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; legislation; environmental protection; economics; sustainable development
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trace metal contamination in surficial sediments from Newark Bay, New Jersey
AN  - 16877000; 3802916
AB  - Surficial sediments collected from 18 locations in three major tributaries to Newark Bay, New Jersey were analyzed for seven toxic metals (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) and 16 other trace elements. In addition, the concentrations of Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Na and Pb were determined in surficial sediments collected from 35 sites in two wetland areas along the Hackensack River. Possible sources of metals were identified based on the observed distributions. The potential for adverse effects to fish and shellfish was evaluated based on comparisons to available benchmark sediment quality criteria and toxicity guideline values. Trace metal concentrations varied greatly, but were highest in sediments collected in areas of high sediment deposition in the lower Passaic River and the Arthur Kill. The concentrations of As (17 plus or minus 16 mg/kg), Cd (10 plus or minus 6 mg/kg), Cu (237 plus or minus 222 mg/kg), Hg (2.1 plus or minus 2.6 mg/kg), Ni (39 plus or minus 49 mg/kg), Pb (421 plus or minus 571 mg/kg) and Zn (395 plus or minus 403 mg/kg) measured in the estuary exceeded several benchmark sediment quality values. Lead (275 plus or minus 138 mg/kg) and Cu (116 plus or minus 63 mg/kg) concentrations in wetland sediments from Hackensack Area I were similar to those found in the Passaic River and the Arthur Kill. These results suggest that metal concentrations, particularly Cd, Hg and Pb, in surficial sediments in the Passaic River, Hackensack River, the Arthur Kill and portions of the Hackensack Meadowlands may pose a significant threat to aquatic biota.
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
AU  - Bonnevie, N L
AU  - Huntley, S L
AU  - Found, B W
AU  - Wenning, R J
AD  - ChemRisk - Div. McLaren/Hart, Stroudwater Crossing, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
VL  - 144
SN  - 0048-9697, 0048-9697
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Hackensack R.
KW  - USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - contamination
KW  - pollution effects
KW  - sediment pollution
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - bioaccumulation
KW  - estuaries
KW  - hazards
KW  - sediments
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - Marine
KW  - biota
KW  - trace metals
KW  - aquatic environment
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; hazards; sediments; sediment pollution; pollution effects; trace metals; aquatic environment; biota; bioaccumulation; contamination; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Solid waste recycling and reuse in Bangkok
AN  - 16868679; 3572995
AB  - Materials recovered from solid waste in Bangkok are mainly glass bottles, paper and paper products, plastic products and metals. Materials are separated at three different stages of the collection process: at the source, prior to collection; by the crews of the collection vehicle; and by the scavengers at the dump site. The total daily tonnage of recyclable garbage collected at the source by the waste pickers is estimated at 286 tonnes, about 5% of the garbage collected by the city. There are small scale recycling shops (SSR) located around the main disposal sites where collected materials are sold by the collection crews and the scavengers. The quantity of materials delivered to the SSR shops by the collection crew vary between 1-6 tonnes per day. The amount of materials recovered by the scavengers (at the dump site) varies between 50-150 kg/person/day. Therefore around 7.5% of the solid waste is recycled. In Bangkok both formal and informal sectors manufacture paper pulp, cardboard boxes and magazines from the recyclable paper. Paper products which account for 55% of the total waste stream are considered as the largest "product group" in the municipal solid waste. Recyclable glass (1-3% of the total waste stream) or cullet is used to manufacture plain glasses or cups. Plastics constitute about 10-15% of the waste stream.
JF  - Waste Management & Research
AU  - Muttamara, S
AU  - Visvanathan, C
AU  - Alwis, K U
AD  - Div. Environ. Eng., Asian Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 151
EP  - 163
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
SN  - 0734-242X, 0734-242X
KW  - materials recovery
KW  - economics
KW  - Thailand, Bangkok
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - solid wastes
KW  - recycling
KW  - waste management
KW  - waste disposal
KW  - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes
KW  - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - solid wastes; recycling; waste management; waste disposal; materials recovery; economics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of varying dietary fat, fish, and fish oils on blood lipids in a randomized controlled trial in men at risk of heart disease
AN  - 16867022; 3787420
AB  - This study aimed to determine the effects of incorporating fish with 40%- or 30%-fat diets and the differences in response to fish or fish oil omega 3 fats. Men with high-normal blood pressure and elevated serum cholesterol were randomly allocated to one of seven diets for 12 wk. Fish or fish oil with a 40%-fat diet increased total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL sub(2) cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, and reduced triglycerides. The 30%-fat diet alone reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol, with triglycerides unchanged. Fish with the 30%-fat diet reduced cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides and increased HDL sub(2) cholesterol. This study has shown that plasma lipids are affected similarly by fish or fish oil in men consuming a 40%-fat diet. Adverse effects of omega 3 fats on total and LDL cholesterol are reversed by a 30%-fat diet, whereas one daily fish meal substantially lowers triglycerides and reverses the fall in HDL cholesterol that is usual with a low-fat diet.
JF  - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
AU  - Mori, T A
AU  - Vandongen, R
AU  - Beilin, L J
AU  - Burke, V
AU  - Morris, J
AU  - Ritchie, J
AD  - Univ. Dep. Med., Med. Res. Found. Bldg., Box X 2213 GPO, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1060
EP  - 1068
VL  - 59
IS  - 5
SN  - 0002-9165, 0002-9165
KW  - cardiovascular disease
KW  - omega-3-fatty acids
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - lipoproteins
KW  - fatty acids
KW  - human diseases
KW  - human physiology
KW  - fish oils
KW  - processed fishery products
KW  - serological studies
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lipoproteins; fatty acids; human physiology; human diseases; fish oils; processed fishery products; cholesterol; serological studies
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Key challenges facing Thailand in the context of global CO sub(2) emission abatement
AN  - 16862034; 3789618
AB  - This paper attempts to provide a preliminary view of the key challenges facing Thailand in the context of global CO sub(2) emission abatement. The results of the study indicate that abatement strategies which are based on a limited range of technologies due to technical data limitations for the Thai context should already achieve moderate targets: 14% and 29% reduction in 2030 against the reference case depending on the intensity of efforts made. Further reduction is possible but this requires the inclusion of another line of options ie the adoption of actions for a highly ambitious program to further modernize the transport sector. The paper also discusses the hydro option as against nuclear. Finally, the study recommends more research and studies of CO sub(2) abatement technologies for the Thai context and development of policy instruments to deal with the very long-term perspective.
JF  - Energy Policy
AU  - Van Dang, G
AU  - Minh, L B
AU  - Yodmani, S
AD  - Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev. (SERD), Asian Inst. Technol., GPO 2754, Bangkok
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 971
EP  - 980
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
SN  - 0301-4215, 0301-4215
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - government policies
KW  - technology
KW  - Thailand
KW  - hydroelectric power plants
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - energy sources
KW  - air pollution control
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+Policy&rft.atitle=Key+challenges+facing+Thailand+in+the+context+of+global+CO+sub%282%29+emission+abatement&rft.au=Van+Dang%2C+G%3BMinh%2C+L+B%3BYodmani%2C+S&rft.aulast=Van+Dang&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=971&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+Policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Thailand; carbon dioxide; air pollution control; technology; hydroelectric power plants; government policies; energy sources
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inhibition of rat liver cytosolic glutathione S-transferase by silybin
AN  - 16861089; 3578353
AB  - The naturally occurring hepatoprotective compound silybin is a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes 1-1,2-2,3-3, and 4-4, displaying a high degree of isoenzyme selectivity. Using CDNB at a fixed concentration of 1 mM and varying the GSH concentration, silybin exhibited competitive inhibition of isoenzyme 2-2 with a K sub(i) of 32 mu M, non-competitive and predominantly non-competitive inhibition of isoenzymes 1-1 and 4-4 with K sub(i)s of 20 and 1 multiplied by 2 mu M, respectively, and uncompetitive inhibition of isoenzyme 3-3 with a K sub(i) of 0 multiplied by 2 mu M. With CDNB as the variable concentration substrate silybin exhibited competitive inhibition of isoenzyme 1-1 with a K sub(i) of 8 mu M, non-competitive inhibition of isoenzyme 2-2 with a K sub(i) of 41 mu M, and non-competitive inhibition of isoenzymes 3-3 and 4-4 with K sub(i)s of 0 multiplied by 8 and 0 multiplied by 5 mu M, respectively.
JF  - Xenobiotica
AU  - Bartholomaeus, A R
AU  - Bolton, R
AU  - Ahokas, J T
AD  - Key Cent. Appl. and Nutr. Toxicol., RMIT-Univ., GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 17
EP  - 24
VL  - 24
IS  - 1
SN  - 0049-8254, 0049-8254
KW  - silybin
KW  - glutathione transferase
KW  - rats
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - inhibition
KW  - liver
KW  - X 24240:Miscellaneous
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhibition; liver
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - TNRCC pollution prevention outreach programs to industry
AN  - 16859554; 3577975
AB  - Prevention of pollution in Texas is the primary goal of the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC). Despite a 15% reduction in chemical releases reported through the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) since 1987, Texas still ranks among the nation's highest generators of hazardous waste and TRI chemical releases. To tackle this problem, the TNRCC in partnership with Governor Ann Richards created a unique statewide voluntary pollution prevention program called Clean Texas 2000. The program's goal is to reduce pollution across the state and educate all Texans about how their lifestyles affect the environment. Industry is one of the most important participants in Clean Texas 2000 through a program called Clean Industries 2000. Clean Industries 2000 is a special designation reserved for regulated industrial facilities or plants who set tough goals and high standards above and beyond what state and federal environmental laws demand. Members of Clean Industries 2000 commit to a 50% reduction in their TRI chemical releases and/or hazardous waste generated by the year 2000. By focusing on source reduction and innovation over remediation, we can envision lower environmental costs and a cleaner future for Texas.
JF  - Waste Management
AU  - Voorhis, J
AD  - Technol. Transfer Sect., Office Pollut. Prev. and Recycling, Texas Nat. Resour. Conserv. Commission, 1700 N. Congress Ave., Austin, TX 78711-3087, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 277
EP  - 284
VL  - 14
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0956-053X, 0956-053X
KW  - Clean Industries 2000
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - waste management
KW  - pollution prevention
KW  - hazardous wastes
KW  - state programs
KW  - industrial pollution
KW  - USA, Texas
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=TNRCC+pollution+prevention+outreach+programs+to+industry&rft.au=Voorhis%2C+J&rft.aulast=Voorhis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Texas; industrial pollution; pollution prevention; hazardous wastes; waste management; state programs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Riboflavin content of six species of microalgae used in mariculture
AN  - 16856170; 3573363
AB  - Concentrations of riboflavin - a vitamin essential for maricultured animals - were measured in six species of microalgae commonly used in mariculture. These were two diatoms (Chaetoceros gracilis, Thalassiosira pseudonana); two prymnesiophytes (Isochrysis sp. (clone T.ISO), Pavlova lutheri); one chlorophyte (Nannochloris atomus) and one eustigmatophyte (Nannochloropsis oculata). Cultures were analysed during both logarithmic and stationary growth phase. The proportions of riboflavin ( mu g/g dry weight) during logarithmic growth-phase ranged from 20 (T. pseudonana) to 40 mu g/g (Isochrysis sp. T.ISO). With the onset of stationary phase, the proportion of riboflavin increased in all species; the increase was most dramatic in cultures of C. gracilis, T. pseudonana and N. atomus (2- to 3-fold). Chaetoceros gracilis contained more riboflavin (106 mu g/g) than all other species (48 to 61 mu g/g). Despite the differences in the composition of the different microalgae, across both logarithmic and stationary growth-phases, all species should provide a rich source of riboflavin for maricultured animals.
JF  - Journal of Applied Phycology
AU  - Brown, M R
AU  - Farmer, CL
AD  - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 61
EP  - 65
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
SN  - 0921-8971, 0921-8971
KW  - algal culture
KW  - nutritional requirements
KW  - riboflavin
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - Bacillariophyceae
KW  - Brackish
KW  - nutritive value
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Prymnesiophyceae
KW  - vitamins
KW  - food organisms
KW  - aquaculture
KW  - Eustigmatophyceae
KW  - Chlorophyceae
KW  - biosynthesis
KW  - growth
KW  - K 03097:Food microbiology & fermentation
KW  - O 5060:Aquaculture
KW  - Q3 08585:Plant culture
KW  - Q4 27290:General
KW  - Q1 08585:Plant culture
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nutritional requirements; vitamins; food organisms; aquaculture; algal culture; nutritive value; biosynthesis; growth; Prymnesiophyceae; Bacillariophyceae; Eustigmatophyceae; Chlorophyceae; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of asymmetry on the response of multistorey buildings to earthquakes
AN  - 16855414; 3560612
AB  - The effects of asymmetry on the response of multistorey buildings to earthquakes are presented using a simple microcomputer based procedure. The degree of asymmetry is varied by changing the position of the core in the buildings. Numerical examples are presented where results have been obtained from the quasistatic code approach and real-time dynamic analysis. Results for deflections, shear forces and bending moments are presented. Significant changes in these responses and in some cases reversal of their directions are obtained by varying the degree of asymmetry. It is also observed that not only the twisting of the building about a vertical axis but also the direction of this twisting have a significant influence on the results. The need for a three-dimensional analysis to account for the effects of asymmetry is evident.
JF  - Engineering Structures
AU  - Thambiratnam, D P
AU  - Corderoy, HJB
AD  - Sch. Civ. Eng., Queensland Univ. Technol., GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 210
EP  - 221
VL  - 16
IS  - 3
SN  - 0141-0296, 0141-0296
KW  - asymmetry
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - buildings
KW  - structural analysis
KW  - earthquakes
KW  - H SI1.11:SAFETY ENGINEERING
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - structural analysis; buildings; earthquakes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Daily activity of captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) at the Wolong Reserve
AN  - 16854233; 3572245
AB  - Daytime activity patterns of captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) (n = 21) were observed for 2 week periods during October 1991 and January, April, and July 1992. A daytime bimodal activity pattern was seen with increased activity coinciding with feeding times at 1000 and 1600 h. The animals spent an average of 40 degree c 10% of their time sleeping, 21 plus or minus 10% resting, 25 plus or minus 11% eating, 13 plus or minus 9% walking, and 1 plus or minus 3% interacting with other giant pandas. Adult females were less active than males or juveniles. During July, giant pandas were less active during the daytime than during other seasons of the year. There was no difference in activity patterns to the adults by the time they were 6 months old. Comparison with wild giant pandas (n = 5) at the Wolong Nature Reserve revealed similar bimodal activity cycles, although the time of peak activity differed and foraging/feeding time was greater for wild pandas than for captive animals.
JF  - Zoo Biology
AU  - Mainka, SA
AU  - Zhang, H
AD  - c/o WWF Hong Kong, GPO 12721, Central, Hong Kong
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 13
EP  - 20
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SN  - 0733-3188, 0733-3188
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts
KW  - captivity
KW  - activity patterns
KW  - Ailuropoda melanoleuca
KW  - Y 25507:Mammals (excluding primates)
KW  - D 04705:Conservation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ailuropoda melanoleuca; activity patterns; captivity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Growth models with corrections for the retardative effects of tagging
AN  - 16835890; 3565230
AB  - Length increment data from mark-recapture experiments are commonly used to obtain information on animal growth, assuming that tagging does not affect the growth of marked animals. The assumption is violated in many studies, but the effects of tagging on growth and estimates of growth parameters have not been and cannot be examined without appropriate models. This paper describes a model allowing quantification and estimation of the retarding effects of tagging on animal growth simultaneously with growth parameters in all existing growth models, reduction or elimination of biases in growth parameters induced by tagging, and relaxation of a key assumption in growth analysis using length increment data. A special case of this model was applied to simulated data and to tagging data from a centropomid perch (Lates calcarifer) to demonstrate its general utility. Tagging was inferred to have stopped the fish growth for 36.44 d (ASE = 12.70 d) if von Bertalanffy growth is assumed, but the period of recovery from tagging seemed size or age independent within the size range studied. If tagging retards animal growth, L sub( arrow left ) is slightly overestimated and K underestimated for unbiased data. Potential applications and limitations of the model are also discussed.
JF  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
AU  - Xiao, Yongshun
AD  - Fish. Div., Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., GPO Box 990, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 263
EP  - 267
VL  - 51
IS  - 2
SN  - 0706-652X, 0706-652X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - models
KW  - animals
KW  - tagging
KW  - Lates calcarifer
KW  - growth
KW  - D 04650:Animals - general
KW  - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lates calcarifer; animals; growth; models; tagging
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Associations between work-related symptoms and recent mental distress, allowing for work variables and physical environment perceptions in a "sick" office building
AN  - 16833225; 3770218
AB  - In order to explore possible effects of recent occupant mental distress on work-related symptoms in Sick Building Syndrome (SBS), a "sick" office building with 401 occupants was studied by combining a walk-through inspection, environmental measurements and self-administered questionnaire. This included the GHQ-28, a standardised, validated questionnaire that measures recent mental distress. Additionally, the questionnaire inquired about Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) perceptions, job relationships and work practices. Despite a strong crude association (p < 0.001) between work-related symptoms (WRS) and recent mental distress as measured by the GHQ-28 score, multiple logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the association disappeared when other factors were considered. Instead WRS were found to be strongly associated (P < 0.001) with a perceived abnormal physical parameter: "stuffiness" of the air. This perception of stuffiness (validated by low air velocity measurements) was increased amongst those with GHQ-28 scores that indicate recent mental distress. The results support previous suggestions that SBS is due to "building" factors more so than human factors, but extends them, providing a more direct and validated measure of occupant mental distress using the GHQ-28. The case study provides no evidence for a causal role of recent mental distress on WRS, but suggests that recent mental distress can accompany and possibly compound outcomes of poor IAQ.
JF  - ELSEVIER SCIENCE, INC., 660 WHITE PLAINS ROAD, TARRYTOWN, NY 10591-5153 (USA). vp. 1994.
AU  - Rabone, S
AU  - Phoon, W O
AU  - Seneviratne, M
AU  - Gutierrez, L
AU  - Lynch, B
AU  - Reddy, B
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1
EP  - v
PB  - ELSEVIER SCIENCE, INC., 660 WHITE PLAINS ROAD, TARRYTOWN, NY 10591-5153 (USA)
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - occupational health
KW  - air quality
KW  - indoor environments
KW  - sick building syndrome
KW  - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The use of turnover rate as a passive surveillance indicator for potential low back disorders
AN  - 16824400; 3560854
AB  - Passive surveillance techniques which rely only on injury reporting to locate ergonomic problems within a facility may not be sensitive enough to identify all jobs that place a worker at risk of low back disorder. The current study examines whether turnover rate data provide input to a passive surveillance approach. It is hypothesized that the turnover of employees through individual jobs, when not attributable to differential pay scales within a facility, is likely to indicate the presence of ergonomic hazards associated with low back cumulative trauma disorders. This study used the database and multiple logistic regression model developed by Marras et al. (1993) to evaluate this hypothesis. Results suggest that passive surveillance programs would be more sensitive if turnover rates were determined for each job within a facility and were used to supplement incident rate data.
JF  - Ergonomics
AU  - Lavender, SA
AU  - Marras, W S
AD  - Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612-3833, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 971
EP  - 978
VL  - 37
IS  - 6
SN  - 0014-0139, 0014-0139
KW  - back injuries
KW  - lifting
KW  - lumbar motion monitor
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - occupational health
KW  - H SM9.46:BACK INJURIES
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - occupational health
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Research on health risk assessment
AN  - 16822736; 3765250
AB  - Health risk assessment provides a systematic approach to evaluating and estimating risks to human life and wellbeing from agents in food, the general environment, and the workplace. Risk, as it relates to the health effects of toxic substances, is the probability of injury, disease or death for individuals or populations who undertake certain activities or are exposed to hazardous agents. The research draws on techniques and findings from many different fields and disciplines, such as toxicology, epidemiology, and biostatistics. The report finds that health risk assessment is itself at risk, as the attention and resources allotted to research in the field are not commensurate with its impact on public health and the economy.
JF  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA). 1994.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA)
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - CPO stock no. 052-003-01360-6
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - occupational health
KW  - food contamination
KW  - economics
KW  - risk assessment
KW  - public health
KW  - H SM3.3:HAZARD DETERMINATION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Price: $13.00.
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Enterotoxigenicity, hemolytic activity and antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from freshwater prawn marketed in Dhaka, Bangladesh
AN  - 16819755; 3758189
AB  - Aeromonas spp. were isolated from gills, swimmerets, eggs, stomachs and ventral muscles of freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium malcolmsonii) available in the local fish market of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The density of Aeromonas spp. on these different body parts of the prawn samples ranged from 1.1 x 10 super(4) to 1.5 x 10 super(7) cfu per gram. The viable counts of aeromonads, fecal coliforms (FC) and Escherichia coli gradually increased in prawn samples when stored at 4 C. At -20 C, the viable counts gradually decreased and became zero on the 12th day of storage. The isolation of A. sobria (56%) was more frequent than that of A. hydrophila (31%) and A. caviae (13%). In the rabbit ileal loop (RIL) model, fluid accumulation induced by live cultures and cell-free culture filtrates of 11 strains ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 and 0.5 to 1.7 ml/cm of gut, respectively. Of 11 enterotoxigenic strains, 7 were A. sobria and 4 were A. hydrophila. Enterotoxigenicity correlated with hemolytic activity on blood agar. All enterotoxigenic strains were uniformly sensitive to chloramphenicol and gentamicin and resistant to novobiocin and vancomycin. Isolation of enterotoxigenic and antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas from these prawn samples indicates possible public health problems for their handlers as well for raw prawn consumers.
JF  - Microbiology and Immunology
AU  - Rahim, Z
AU  - Aziz, KMS
AD  - Int. Cent. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), G.P.O. Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 773
EP  - 778
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
SN  - 0385-5600, 0385-5600
KW  - Bangladesh, Dhaka
KW  - antibiotic resistance
KW  - biological pollutants
KW  - control resistance
KW  - enterotoxins
KW  - freezing storage
KW  - freshwater crustaceans
KW  - gastrointestinal tract diseases
KW  - hemolysis
KW  - human food
KW  - microbial contamination
KW  - storage effects
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - food poisoning
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Aeromonas
KW  - Macrobrachium malcolmsonii
KW  - public health
KW  - X 24171:Microbial
KW  - A 01017:Human foods
KW  - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms
KW  - A 01023:Others
KW  - Q1 08627:Food quality and standards
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microbial contamination; storage effects; biological pollutants; food poisoning; human food; freshwater crustaceans; freezing storage; control resistance; public health; antibiotic resistance; gastrointestinal tract diseases; hemolysis; enterotoxins; Aeromonas; Macrobrachium malcolmsonii; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Historical changes in the ecological health of the Newark Bay estuary, New Jersey
AN  - 16818769; 3769316
AB  - A review of ecological conditions in the Newark Bay estuary over the past century was conducted to characterize chemical, physical, and biological indices of the health of the estuary and to evaluate the relationship of these trends with past and current urban-industrial influences within the watershed. The available data indicate that both the diversity and the abundance of aquatic species within the estuary have been substantially reduced since the late 1800s due to the intense industrialization and urbanization that occurred throughout the region. Water and sediment quality in major rivers and bays linked to the estuary have also been severely impacted. In addition, significant natural habitat has been destroyed as a result of industrial development, urban expansion, and shoreline modifications. Each of these parameters directly influences the status and condition of the ecological community, and their deterioration has likely been the cause of multiple adverse impacts on the overall health of the ecosystem. Review of more recent studies of sediment and water quality indicates that pollution control measures and the reduction or control of other environmental stressors have produced a gradual improvement in the ecosystem over the past 2 decades.
JF  - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
AU  - Crawford, D W
AU  - Bonnevie, N L
AU  - Gillis, CA
AU  - Wenning, R J
AD  - ChemRisk, Div. McLaren/Hart, Stroudwater Crossing, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 276
EP  - 303
VL  - 29
IS  - 3
SN  - 0147-6513, 0147-6513
KW  - USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - aquatic habitats
KW  - aquatic organisms
KW  - ecosystem disturbance
KW  - environmental conditions
KW  - environmental quality
KW  - habitat
KW  - historical account
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - water quality
KW  - ecosystems
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - estuaries
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - Marine
KW  - physicochemical properties
KW  - Brackish
KW  - X 24240:Miscellaneous
KW  - D 04803:Pollution effects
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - SW 0890:Estuaries
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - historical account; water quality; habitat; estuaries; aquatic organisms; physicochemical properties; ecosystem disturbance; environmental conditions; ecosystems; environmental quality; aquatic habitats; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Laser-generated Lamb waves to detect hidden interfacial corrosion in thin-skin aircraft components
AN  - 16815772; 3764521
AB  - One of the major challenges in extending the life of ageing aircraft is to develop improved nondestructive inspection techniques for the rapid large-area detection of various types of hidden corrosion in aircraft components. In this paper, a new one-sided ultrasonic technique is proposed to solve the generic problem of detecting hidden corrosion in thin metallic aircraft skins, where the corrosion has originated at the interface between the skin and a second layer in an aircraft component. The technique involves the use of laser-generated ultrasonic Lamb modes whose attenuation in a thin skin is increased by the presence of corrosion. This paper presents a successful demonstration of the technique on a thin-skin elevator component. The potential of the Lamb wave technique for rapid large-area scanning for hidden corrosion is also described.
JF  - Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation
AU  - Scala, C M
AU  - Bowles, S J
AD  - Aeronaut. and Maritime Res. Lab., Def. Sci. and Technol. Organ., GPO Box 4331 Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 357
EP  - 367
VL  - 11
IS  - 6
SN  - 1058-9759, 1058-9759
KW  - nondestructive testing
KW  - aging
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - corrosion
KW  - materials testing
KW  - aircraft
KW  - structural analysis
KW  - H SA1.13:INSTRUMENTATION, DEVICES AND CONTROLS
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - materials testing; structural analysis; aircraft; corrosion
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Disaster relief work: An assessment of training effectiveness
AN  - 16814400; 3555136
AB  - This study evaluates the applicability of the training and operational practices of a group of firefighters to disaster search and rescue duties. Using schema theory it is hypothesized that training effectiveness could be evaluated by assessing the incidence with which event characteristics are perceived as stressors. A comparison of the propensity of a group of firefighters and a group of predominantly nonemergency service volunteers (who were specifically trained for disaster relief work) to define event characteristics as stressors provided the means of testing the hypothesis. The results suggest that the training and experience of these firefighters did not prepare them for major disaster work. The difference in stressor susceptibility serves as a basis for identifying training and response factors that appeared to promote an adaptive response. The implications of schema theory for the design of training programs is discussed.
JF  - Journal of Traumatic Stress
AU  - Paton, D
AD  - Sch. Psychol., Curtin Univ., GPO Box U 1987, Perth 6001, Western Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 275
EP  - 288
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
SN  - 0894-9867, 0894-9867
KW  - search and rescue
KW  - firefighter services
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - training
KW  - disasters
KW  - H SE8.28:FIREFIGHTER SERVICES AND SAFETY
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disasters; training
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Theory, use, and applications of the CSIRO division of water resources eddy correlation system
AN  - 16799040; 3753263
AB  - This document describes the components and operation of a system for measuring energy and water vapour fluxes over a variety of vegetation types, including forests. The system is compact, portable, easy and fast to assemble, and composed of commercially available components. It uses modern sensors to measure rapid fluctuations in vertical wind speed, temperature, and water vapour, and gives a direct read-out of latent and sensible heat fluxes. Net radiation and soil heat flux are also measured, as are other climatic variables (such as air temperature and relative humidity) necessary for air density corrections of the measured fluxes. The sensors are controlled and measured using a datalogger which processes the measurements on line. The measurements require postprocessing to correct the flux measurements for the ambient conditions.
JF  - Technical Memorandum. CSIRO, Division of Water Resources
AU  - Held, A A
AU  - Powles, R
AU  - Daniels, P
AU  - Richardson, P
AD  - CSIRO Div. Water Resour., Canberra Lab., Canberra, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 40
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA, ACT (AUSTRALIA)
VL  - 95
IS  - 9
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - sensors
KW  - evaporation
KW  - measuring instruments
KW  - data acquisition
KW  - electrical equipment
KW  - water vapor
KW  - vegetation
KW  - SW 5040:Data acquisition
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vegetation; water vapor; electrical equipment; measuring instruments; evaporation; sensors; data acquisition
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A mixing model for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in surface sediments from Newark Bay, New Jersey using polytopic vector analysis
AN  - 16798625; 3756056
AB  - The identity and relative contributions of various sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) to recently deposited sediments collected in Newark Bay and its major tributaries were determined using polytopic vector analysis (PVA), a multivariate statistical technique relatively new in the chemometric literature. The concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs were assayed in eighty-one surface and near-surface sediment samples collected from the Passaic River, Hackensack River, Arthur Kill, Elizabeth River, Kill Van Kull, Port Elizabeth, and Port Newark navigation channels and Robins Reef, which is located in New York Harbor. PVA modeling revealed five predominant 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/F fingerprint patterns in geographically plausible distributions throughout the estuary. This was consistent with the current understanding of hydrodynamic and sedimentation conditions reported in the literature for Newark Bay. Three patterns contained 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD), which is alleged to originate from a single industrial source on the lower Passaic River. One of the fingerprints containing 2,3,7,8-TCDD was present in moderate proportions (10-20%) in surface sediments near the site, but was generally observed in low abundance (<5%) elsewhere in the estuary. A fingerprint pattern characteristic of PCDD/F profiles in effluents from municipal sewage and waste water treatment plants was widely distributed in the estuary, but reached its highest relative proportions in the Elizabeth River. A third fingerprint pattern was highest in the Arthur Kill and lower Passaic River and closely matched the residue patterns found in several types of combustion sources. A fourth fingerprint pattern in Hackensack River and lower Passaic River sediment matched the PCDD/F profile reported in PCB Aroclor registered formulations. A fifth fingerprint pattern matched the profile in recycled pulp and paper mill effluents and was highest in Kill van Kull and upper Passaic River sediment. The majority of PCDD/Fs in sediment from Reaches B, C, and D of Port Newark and Port Elizabeth were attributable to sediments transported via the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull. These results are consistent with those previously reported using principal components analysis, which indicated that 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/F patterns in the sediments of Newark Bay are consistent with discharges from multiple sources.
JF  - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
AU  - Ehrlich, R
AU  - Wenning, R J
AU  - Johnson, G W
AU  - Su, SH
AU  - Paustenbach, D J
AD  - ChemRisk-A Div. McLaren/Hart, Stroudwater Crossing, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 486
EP  - 500
VL  - 27
IS  - 4
SN  - 0090-4341, 0090-4341
KW  - PCDD
KW  - PCDF
KW  - USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - fate
KW  - fate of pollutants
KW  - paper industry wastes
KW  - pollutants
KW  - sediment pollution
KW  - wastewater discharges
KW  - water pollution sources
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - industrial wastes
KW  - estuaries
KW  - sediments
KW  - hydrodynamics
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - water pollution
KW  - Marine
KW  - pulp wastes
KW  - statistical analysis
KW  - sedimentation
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; industrial wastes; estuaries; pulp wastes; pollutants; sedimentation; statistical analysis; sediments; hydrodynamics; sediment pollution; water pollution; fate; PCDF; paper industry wastes; wastewater discharges; PCDD; water pollution sources; fate of pollutants; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay; Marine; Brackish
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Production of feed and fertilizer from water hyacinth plants in the tropics
AN  - 16797353; 3547595
AB  - Water hyacinth grows ubiquitously in natural water bodies in the tropics. If allowed to propagate without control, it can cause deterioration of water quality and create problems with water uses. However, water hyacinth has been used for wastewater treatment, and as an animal feed and soil conditioner. This paper reports a case study on silaging and composting of water hyacinth plants generated from ponds treating pig farm wastewater. The water hyacinth plants mixed with molasses and pig manure at the ratios of 85:10:5 (% wet weight) were found to be optimum for silage production; the silaging period was 28 days. The silaged products contained 16% protein and 18% dry matter, suitable for use as animal feed. The composted water hyacinth plants, whose raw materials included pig manure and leaves, contained N, P and K about 2.2, 1.5, and 0.8% (dry weight), respectively. An economic analysis of the two recycling options suggested that some benefits could be gained from these practices after 5 years of operation. These two options were found to be technically and economically feasible to be implemented at farm scale levels.
JF  - Waste Management & Research
AU  - Polprasert, C
AU  - Kongsricharoern, N
AU  - Kanjanaprapin, W
AD  - Environ. Eng. Prog., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 3
EP  - 11
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
SN  - 0734-242X, 0734-242X
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality
KW  - fertilizers
KW  - plant culture
KW  - wastewater aquaculture
KW  - organic wastes
KW  - water treatment
KW  - Eichhornia
KW  - aquatic plants
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - livestock food
KW  - Q1 08585:Plant culture
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fertilizers; plant culture; wastewater aquaculture; organic wastes; water treatment; aquatic plants; livestock food; Eichhornia; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Productive utilization of pig farm wastes: A case study for developing countries
AN  - 16797326; 3748609
AB  - This paper presents a case study on pig farm waste management in which pig manure is stabilized in two-stage anaerobic reactors (to produce methane), while pig farm wastewater is treated in water hyacinth ponds from which the harvested water hyacinth plants are used in the production of silage (animal feed) or compost fertilizer. The results suggest the technical feasibility of applying these technologies to treat and recycle pig farm wastes. Cost/benefit analysis reveals the option to produce methane gas and silage to be financially viable after 15 years of operation. A management concept of waste recycling programs is presented, including relationships among objectives, constraints and implementation plan. Decision on a waste recycling program should not be based only on cost/benefit analysis, but also on the pollution control and public health improvement to be gained.
JF  - Resources, Conservation and Recycling [RESOUR., CONSERV. RECYCLING]. Vol. 11, no. 1-4. 1994.
AU  - Polprasert, C
AU  - Yang, P Y
AU  - Kongsricharoern, N
AU  - Kanjanaprapin, W
A2  - Whitton, BA
A2  - Wong, Ming H (eds)
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - developing countries
KW  - recycling
KW  - cost-benefit analysis
KW  - animal wastes
KW  - feasibility studies
KW  - waste management
KW  - public health
KW  - pollution control
KW  - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploitation of zoospore taxis in the development of a novel dipstick immunoassay for the specific detection of Phytophthora cinnamomi
AN  - 16795898; 3547701
AB  - Species-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were used to develop a dipstick immunoassay for the detection of Phytophthora cinnamomi. The assay is based on the phenomena of chemotaxis and electrotaxis to attract zoospores in suspension to a membrane where they encyst and are detected by immunoassay. A chemotaxis assay was used to identify compounds that could be incorporated into the dipstick. The most attractive compounds included several amino acids, alcohols, phenolics, and isovaleraldehyde. Some compounds, such as pectin, aspartic acid, and the phytohormone abscisic acid, caused encystment in addition to attraction. Zoospores also exhibited strong electrotaxis to a positively charged nylon membrane. As few as 40 zoospores per milliliter were detected with the dipstick assay in an assay time of less than 45 min. Immunolabeled cysts attached to the membrane were observed with the naked eye or with low-power magnification after silver enhancement of a gold-labeled secondary probe or after an enzyme color reaction. Screening of 24 MAbs raised to aldehyde-fixed zoospores demonstrated that there were nine MAbs that reacted strongly with P. cinnamomi cysts. Two MAbs were revealed to be species specific from an extensive screening of isolates of P. cinnamomi (15 isolates of mating type A1 and 29 of mating type A2), of other Phytophthora species (21 species or varieties of Phytophthora comprising 73 isolates), and of other oomycetous genera (11 species of Pythium encompassing 14 isolates and one isolate each of three species of Saprolegnia).
JF  - Phytopathology
AU  - Cahill, D M
AU  - Hardham, A R
AD  - Plant Cell Biol. Group, Res. Sch. Biol. Sci., Australian Natl. Univ., G.P.O. Box 475, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 193
EP  - 200
VL  - 84
IS  - 2
SN  - 0331-949X, 0331-949X
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology
KW  - detection
KW  - development
KW  - immunoassays
KW  - Phytophthora cinnamomi
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - K 03089:Fungi: plant
KW  - A 01117:Fungi
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
KW  - W2 32240:Immunology
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; development; immunoassays; monoclonal antibodies; Phytophthora cinnamomi
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Order of adult eclosion is a major determinant of reproductive dominance in the allodapine bee Exoneura bicolor
AN  - 16795481; 3542471
AB  - Overwintering colonies of the allodapine bee Exoneura bicolor are characterized by marked reproductive differentiation among female nestmates. Previous work has shown that reproductively dominant females are nearly always the first females to reach adult eclosion (i.e. to hatch from the pupal case) among their brood cohort. This study examines whether this relationship is causal, or whether it reflects a correlation between eclosion order and other unknown factors that may be the actual determinants of dominance. Female pupae were transferred from natural to artificial observation nests prior to adult eclosion. Eclosion order among these females was investigated in experimental colonies which were subjected to one of four treatments. In one treatment pupae were allowed to eclose without experimental manipulation. In two treatments the development of older pupae was delayed by selective refrigeration, and in the last treatment older pupae were removed entirely. There were no effects of treatment type and no interaction between treatment type and eclosion order. In all treatments, first eclosed females became reproductively dominant.
JF  - Animal Behaviour
AU  - Schwarz, M P
AU  - Woods, R E
AD  - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ., GPO Box 211, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 373
EP  - 378
VL  - 47
IS  - 2
SN  - 0003-3472, 0003-3472
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts
KW  - dominance
KW  - females
KW  - timing
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - Anthophoridae
KW  - eclosion
KW  - reproductive behavior
KW  - Exoneura bicolor
KW  - D 04659:Insects
KW  - Y 25423:Insects
KW  - Z 05192:Reproductive behavior
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Exoneura bicolor; Anthophoridae; Hymenoptera; reproductive behavior; dominance; females; eclosion; timing
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Semen evaluation of giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) at the Wolong Reserve
AN  - 16793159; 3542442
AB  - Semen from 4 wild-caught giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) held at the China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda was collected (22 samples during 1991-1993) by electroejaculation, and evaluated for use in artificial insemination. Semen characteristics (mean plus or minus SD) recorded were as follows: semen volume -1.5 plus or minus .9 ml (range-0.3-3.5); sperm density 1.5 plus or minus 0.1 x 10 super(9)/ml (range-0.24-4.2); motility 79 plus or minus 10% (range-60-95); abnormal sperm 14 plus or minus 5% (range-10-27); and pH 7.1 plus or minus 0.2 (range-6.7-7.5). There were significant differences from year to year (P < 0.05) in semen volume collected and in the percentage abnormal sperm in 1993 compared to other years. There were no significant differences among semen produced from the four different pandas. Data collected were similar to reports for other giant pandas, and semen from all 4 giant pandas was considered suitable for use in artificial insemination.
JF  - Zoo Biology
AU  - Chen, Meng
AU  - Zhang, Guiquan
AU  - Mainka, SA
AD  - C/O WWF Hong Kong, 1 Tramway Path, GPO 12721, Central, Hong Kong
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 83
EP  - 86
VL  - 13
IS  - 1
SN  - 0733-3188, 0733-3188
KW  - China
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - fitness
KW  - artificial insemination
KW  - abundance
KW  - Ailuropoda melanoleuca
KW  - D 04700:Management
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ailuropoda melanoleuca; abundance; fitness; artificial insemination
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hemagglutinating properties of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli
AN  - 16792644; 3542085
AB  - Many intestinal bacterial pathogens possess hemagglutinating properties, which are indicative of their adhesive properties to the intestinal mucosal surface. To understand the bacteria-mucosa interaction, 41 strains of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC), a recently described category of diarrheagenic E. coli, isolated mostly from children with diarrhea in Bangladesh, India, Thailand, Central America, and South America were screened for mannose-sensitive hemagglutination and mannose-resistant hemagglutination of erythrocytes from humans, rats, mice, sheep, cattle, and rabbits. Some strains demonstrated mannose-sensitive hemagglutination of erythrocytes. Most isolates showed mannose-resistant hemagglutination of erythrocytes from all species except rabbits. The hemagglutination patterns could be classified into 18 groups. Studies with three selected isolates suggested that hemagglutinins are cell bound and are protein in nature. On the basis of the pattern of inhibition of hemagglutination by various chemicals, 39 isolates were classified into 19 groups. Hemagglutinations of many isolates were inhibited by sialic acid-containing compounds, suggesting that these compounds may be the receptors for these organisms on erythrocytes and possibly on the intestinal mucosa. These data indicate that strains of EAggEC are a heterogeneous group of organisms with different types of hemagglutinins or adhesins for the intestinal mucosal surface. Also, the adhesion characteristics of EAggEC strains may be too complex to be assessed by simple hemagglutination tests.
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
AU  - Qadri, F
AU  - Haque, A
AU  - Faruque, S M
AU  - Bettelheim, KA
AU  - Robins-Browne, R
AU  - Albert, MJ
AD  - Lab. Sci. Div., Int. Cent. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 510
EP  - 514
VL  - 32
IS  - 2
SN  - 0095-1137, 0095-1137
KW  - characteristics
KW  - enteroaggregative strains
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - diarrhea
KW  - adherence
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - intestine
KW  - hemagglutination
KW  - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; hemagglutination; intestine; adherence; diarrhea
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An investigation of climate drift in a coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice model
AN  - 16791202; 3749239
AB  - Climate drift is a common and serious problem in most state-of-the-art coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice models. We consider the nature of climate drift in such a model, and in particular address the question of whether or not climate drift is inherent to the model, or whether the drift can be averted by a suitable choice of initial conditions or coupling procedure. The "synchronous" approach to coupling was adopted in which the ocean, atmosphere and sea ice models were spun-up independently to equilibrium using climatological forcing fields. The models were then coupled and integrated forward in time. Several experiments were performed which were designed to assess the impact of different coupling methodologies and changes in the initial conditions of the component models on the climate drift of the system. The results of our experiments indicate that climate drift is a problem inherent to the coupled model in that systematic errors in the components lead to incompatibilities in the surface fluxes required by the component models to maintain realistic climatologies. We conclude that climate drift can be averted only if the parameterizations of certain important physical processes are improved which should have the effect of reducing or eliminating these incompatibilities.
JF  - Climate Dynamics
AU  - Moore, A M
AU  - Gordon, H B
AD  - Bur. Meteorol. Res. Cent., GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 81
EP  - 95
VL  - 10
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0930-7575, 0930-7575
KW  - air-sea coupling
KW  - air-water interactions
KW  - climatology
KW  - ocean-ice-atmosphere system
KW  - sea ice
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - climatic changes
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - Q2 09244:Air-sea coupling
KW  - SW 0820:Snow, ice and frost
KW  - O 2070:Meteorology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climate+Dynamics&rft.atitle=An+investigation+of+climate+drift+in+a+coupled+atmosphere-ocean-sea+ice+model&rft.au=Moore%2C+A+M%3BGordon%2C+H+B&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climate+Dynamics&rft.issn=09307575&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climatology; air-sea coupling; ocean-ice-atmosphere system; sea ice; mathematical models; climatic changes; air-water interactions; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of phosphine genotoxicity at occupational levels of exposure in New South Wales, Australia
AN  - 16790044; 3743196
AB  - Phosphine has been claimed to cause chromosomal damage at exposures close to the current time weighted average exposure standard of 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m super(3)). The current study involved 31 phosphine fumigators and 21 controls during the high fumigation season. All were volunteers and were evaluated for genotoxicity variables, including micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes and urine mutagenicity. In parallel, all fumigators and 17 controls were evaluated for full haematology, multiple biochemical analysis, whole blood organochlorines, and whole blood and serum cholinesterase activity. The results for micronuclei showed no significant differences between fumigators and controls, but detected a strong association between age and increased frequency of micronuclei. Measurement of urine mutagenicity did not show any significant difference between fumigators and controls, but did show increased excretion of mutagens in smokers. All haematological and biochemical variables were within normal ranges, except for some non-specific changes in biochemistry. At monitored occupational exposures of < 2.4 ppm/h our results show no association between phosphine exposure and genotoxic or toxicological effects in fumigators.
JF  - Occupational and Environmental Medicine
AU  - Barbosa, A
AU  - Bonin, A M
AD  - Toxicol. Unit, Natl. Inst. Occup. Health and Saf., Worksafe Australia, GPO Box 58, Sydney, N.S.W. 2001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 700
EP  - 705
VL  - 51
IS  - 10
SN  - 1351-0711, 1351-0711
KW  - phosphine
KW  - man
KW  - fumigants
KW  - micronuclei
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - genotoxicity
KW  - occupational exposure
KW  - X 24135:Biochemistry
KW  - H SI0.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION)
KW  - G 07221:Specific chemicals
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16790044?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; occupational exposure; man; fumigants; micronuclei
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Likely recharge to permanent groundwater beneath future rehabilitated landforms at Ranger uranium mine, northern Australia
AN  - 16786716; 3742941
AB  - The magnitude of recharge beneath rehabilitated landforms at former mine sites is one of many variables required for a comprehensive assessment of potential future environmental impacts of those sites. The magnitude of net groundwater recharge that may occur on the rehabilitated Range Uranium Mines landform is estimated to be of the order of 2-5% of the incident rainfall, that is, about 25 to 65 mm/a.
JF  - Australian journal of earth sciences. Carlton
AU  - Woods, PH
AD  - Environ. Div., North. Territory Dep. Mines Energy, GPO Box 2901, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 505
EP  - 508
VL  - 41
IS  - 5
SN  - 0812-0099, 0812-0099
KW  - environmental effects
KW  - environmental impact
KW  - groundwater recharge
KW  - habitat improvement (physical)
KW  - mine tailings
KW  - mine wastes
KW  - mining
KW  - percolation
KW  - pollution dispersion
KW  - risks
KW  - solutes
KW  - waste disposal sites
KW  - water table
KW  - weathering
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - rainfall
KW  - groundwater pollution
KW  - Australia, Northern Terr.
KW  - uranium
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - SW 2040:Groundwater management
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mining; risks; rainfall; environmental impact; habitat improvement (physical); solutes; waste disposal sites; environmental effects; weathering; water table; groundwater pollution; percolation; mine tailings; pollution dispersion; uranium; groundwater recharge; mine wastes; Australia, Northern Terr.; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The practicalities of domestic legislation to prohibit mining activity in Antarctica: A comment on the Australian perspective
AN  - 16784058; 3536903
AB  - After its rejection of the Minerals Convention adopted by the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties (ATCPs) in 1988, Australia took a major step in its domestic law by enacting the Antarctic Mining Prohibition Act of 1991 (AMPA), to reinforce its general objection to mineral resource activities in Antarctica and its commitment to the protection of the Antarctic environment. With the adoption of the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (the Madrid Protocol) - which required the parties to take steps to implement its provisions, including the enactment of domestic legislation - Australia enacted the Antarctic Treaty (Environmental Protection) Act (ATEPA). The ATEPA is meant to replace the AMPA once the Madrid Protocol comes into force. The Protocol bans mineral resource activities in Antarctica and adopts a comprehensive regime to regulate all human activity in Antarctica in an effort to protect the region's environment. As legislation to implement the Protocol, the principal objectives of the ATEPA are to prohibit mineral resource activities in the Australian Antarctic Territory and to regulate all human activity that may have a direct impact on the environment in the area. It also prohibits Australian nationals from engaging in mineral resource activities elsewhere in Antarctica.
JF  - Polar Record
AU  - Blay, S
AU  - Green, J
AD  - Law Sch., Univ. Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 23
EP  - 32
VL  - 30
IS  - 172
SN  - 0032-2474, 0032-2474
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - mining
KW  - legal aspects
KW  - Antarctica
KW  - protected resources
KW  - mineral industry
KW  - environmental protection
KW  - environmental legislation
KW  - Q2 09122:Legislation
KW  - Q1 08381:General
KW  - O 6080:Legal/Governmental
KW  - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - legal aspects; mining; mineral industry; protected resources; environmental protection; environmental legislation; Antarctica
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sequence of a lipase-encoding gene isolated from Serratia proteamaculans 8805142
AN  - 16780005; 3743633
AB  - A lipase-encoding gene was isolated from a genomic library of the insect pathogen Serratia proteamaculans 8805412. The gene encodes a 255-amino-acid polypeptide which has extensive homology to the extracellular phospholipase A1 from S. liquefaciens.
JF  - Gene
AU  - Smigielski, A J
AU  - Zhang, Qing-Yang
AU  - Akhurst, R J
AD  - CSIRO Div. Entomol., GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 137
EP  - 138
VL  - 141
IS  - 1
SN  - 0378-1119, 0378-1119
KW  - triacylglycerol lipase
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - nucleotide sequence
KW  - genes
KW  - Serratia proteamaculans
KW  - N 14640:Structure & sequence
KW  - J 02725:DNA
KW  - G 07321:GENERAL
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Serratia proteamaculans; genes; nucleotide sequence
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Phase variation in Xenorhabdus nematophilus and Photorhabdus luminescens: Differences in respiratory activity and membrane energization
AN  - 16778290; 3536195
AB  - Phase variation in Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus spp. has a significant impact on their symbiotic relationship with entomopathogenic nematodes by altering the metabolic by-products upon which the nematodes feed. The preferential retention of the phase I variant by the infective-stage nematode and its better support for nematode reproduction than phase II indicates its importance in the bacterial-nematode interactions. However, there is no obvious role for phase II in these interactions. This study has revealed differences in the respiratory activity between the two phases of Xenorhabdus nematophilus A24 and Photorhabdus luminescens Hm. After experiencing periods of starvation, phase II cells recommenced growth within 2 to 4 h from the addition of nutrients, compared with 14 h for phase I cells, indicating a more efficient nutrient uptake ability in the former. The levels of activity of major respiratory enzymes were 15 to 100% higher in phase II cells from stationary cultures in complex media than in phase I cells. Transmembrane proton motive force measurements were also higher by 20% in phase II under the same conditions. The increased membrane potentials reflect upon the ability of the phase II variant to respond to nutrients, both through growth and nutrient uptake. It is postulated that while phase I cells are better adapted to conditions in the insect and the nematode, phase II cells may be better adapted to conditions in soil as free-living organisms.
JF  - Applied and Environmental Microbiology
AU  - Smigielski, A J
AU  - Akhurst, R J
AU  - Boemare, N E
AD  - Biotechnol. Sect., CSIRO Div. Entomol., G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 120
EP  - 125
VL  - 60
IS  - 1
SN  - 0099-2240, 0099-2240
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - phase variations
KW  - Xenorhabdus nematophilus
KW  - symbiosis
KW  - membranes
KW  - Photorhabdus luminescens
KW  - respiratory function
KW  - energy
KW  - J 02723:Photosynthesis, electron transport and related phenomena
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xenorhabdus nematophilus; Photorhabdus luminescens; respiratory function; membranes; energy; phase variations; symbiosis
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A critical analysis of a month-long cyclonic anomaly in the New Zealand-Tasman Sea region using isentropic vorticity budgets
AN  - 16777919; 3734876
AB  - The authors investigate the processes acting during a cyclonic "blocking" anomaly that dominated the upper troposphere in the New Zealand-Tasman Sea region during the very stormy month of August 1990. The authors use European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses and a simple, unambiguous flux form of the isentropic vorticity equation that makes possible a robust physical interpretation of the budget and that does not suffer from the problems of strong cancellation between pairs of terms that mar the traditional, isobaric approach. The simplicity of the equation also makes tractable an analysis of the errors in each of the terms in the monthly mean budget. On the western and northern flanks of the anomaly at 310 K ( approximately 350 hPa) the tendency of the time-mean flow to advect the anomaly downstream is countered (within the limits imposed by the relatively short averaging period) by mean stretching and the repeated influx of subpolar air by the storms during the month. However, on the eastern side of the anomaly the error analysis gives confidence that the dominant mean stretching term is only partially balanced by the mean and eddy advection terms. Two regions were found, overlying the ends of surface storm tracks, where large-scale and statistically significant residuals are required to balance the isentropic vorticity budget. The authors note that the whole eastern side of the anomaly is characterised by a large-scale drag on the prevailing flow, with isentropic gradients in the drag being responsible for the vorticity residual. Interestingly, embedded within each area of significant residual a smaller region exhibiting a significant acceleration of the zonal flow in the upper troposphere is found. The authors argue that these features are caused by distinct physical processes and are not the result of systematic errors in vorticity tendencies, diabatic flux divergences, or errors in the analyzed divergent wind field. Instead, the authors conclude that during August 1990 there are several dynamically significant processes operating that are not resolved by 2.5 degree x 2.5 degree ECMWF analyses: namely, the vertical transport of horizontal momentum associated with convective activity, the quasi-horizontal transport of horizontal momentum by breaking Rossby waves, and the ageostrophic motions associated with frontogenesis.
JF  - Monthly Weather Review
AU  - Marks, C J
AU  - Revell, MJ
AD  - BMRC, GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 2762
EP  - 2776
VL  - 122
IS  - 12
SN  - 0027-0644, 0027-0644
KW  - data interpretation
KW  - frontogenesis
KW  - geostrophic winds
KW  - meteorological data collection
KW  - meteorology
KW  - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - anticyclones
KW  - cyclones
KW  - PSE, Tasman Sea
KW  - PSE, New Zealand
KW  - weather
KW  - storms
KW  - Q2 09241:General
KW  - SW 0815:Precipitation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anticyclones; frontogenesis; geostrophic winds; weather; storms; meteorology; cyclones; meteorological data collection; data interpretation; PSE, Tasman Sea; PSE, New Zealand; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Ancient biochemistries and the evolution of parasites
AN  - 16777350; 3738781
AB  - The characteristic respiratory metabolism of parasites consists of fermentation to carbon-rich, highly reduced volatile fatty acids which are excreted, and electron transport systems emphasising fumarate reductase and b-type cytochromes. The taxonomic groups that contribute major parasites (the heterogeneous protozoa and the helminths) have their evolutionary origins in environments from which oxygen was absent or present in very low concentrations. The Ediacarian period, about 700 million years ago, contains fossils of the appropriate grade of organisation to be contemporaneous with the ancestors of platyhelminths, nematodes and acanthocephalans. With the oxygen transition, carbon flow in the biosphere resulted in conservative, anoxic environments together with oxygen rich ones. The organisms of the former retained their emphasis on anaerobic energy generation, while cytochrome systems were as much concerned with oxygen detoxification as energy generation. Metabolic pathways in the modern parasitic groups are echoes of such ancient biochemistries.
JF  - International Journal for Parasitology
AU  - Bryant, C
AD  - Div. Biochem. and Mol. Biol., Aust. Natl. Univ., GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1089
EP  - 1097
VL  - 24
IS  - 8
SN  - 0020-7519, 0020-7519
KW  - anoxic conditions
KW  - paleoecology
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - respiration
KW  - Marine
KW  - parasites
KW  - metabolism
KW  - biochemistry
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - evolution
KW  - dissolved oxygen
KW  - anaerobic respiration
KW  - Q1 08185:Genetics and evolution
KW  - D 04655:Invertebrates - general
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+for+Parasitology&rft.atitle=Ancient+biochemistries+and+the+evolution+of+parasites&rft.au=Bryant%2C+C&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1089&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+for+Parasitology&rft.issn=00207519&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - respiration; parasites; anoxic conditions; dissolved oxygen; biochemistry; metabolism; anaerobic respiration; evolution; paleoecology; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Technologies underlying weapons of mass destruction
AN  - 16775533; 3538182
AB  - This Office of Technology Assessment Background Paper reviews the technical requirement to develop and build nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, along with the systems most capable of delivering them to targets--ballistic missiles, combat aircraft, and cruise missiles. It identifies evidence that might indicate the production of weapons of mass destruction, and technical hurdles that might provide opportunities to control their spread.
JF  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA). 1994.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA)
KW  - mass destruction
KW  - biological weapons
KW  - Risk Abstracts
KW  - GPO stock no. 052-003-01361-4
KW  - chemical weapons
KW  - technology
KW  - nuclear weapons
KW  - military
KW  - R2 23020:Technological risks
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - FX: A Three-Dimensional Graphical Visualization Tool and Macro Language Users Manual. Version 1.0
AN  - 16765833; 3530184
AB  - With the increasing size and complexity of computer models used to simulate groundwater problems, there is a growing need to visualize modelling results, and comparisons between different models, in an interactive graphical environment. This document is intended to describe the use of the FX graphics software and macro language. FX has the capability to import and store data from binary and ascii files of arbitrary format. Numeric and string variables with up to 9 dimensions are supported.
JF  - Divisional Report, CSIRO Division of Water Resources. 1994.
AU  - Laslett, D
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - FX software
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - groundwater
KW  - computer programs
KW  - model studies
KW  - computer models
KW  - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=FX%3A+A+Three-Dimensional+Graphical+Visualization+Tool+and+Macro+Language+Users+Manual.+Version+1.0&rft.au=Laslett%2C+D&rft.aulast=Laslett&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=10335579&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia V. Patterns of use and the microhabitat requirements of the mountain brushtail possum Trichosurus caninus Ogilby in retained linear habitats (wildlife corridors)
AN  - 16762974; 3530133
AB  - Hairtubing, a technique for detecting mammals, was used to census arboreal marsupials at 70 sites in the timber production montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia. Of these sites, 41 were located in linear strips or wildlife corridors and the remaining 29 were in stands of contiguous montane ash forest. Four species of arboreal marsupials were detected in the hairtubing surveys but only one, the mountain brushtail possum Trichosurus caninus Ogilby, was recorded in sufficient numbers to allow subsequent analysis. Data derived for T. caninus from hairtubing studies were compared with those from earlier surveys where stagwatching was used to determine the presence and abundance of the species in retained linear strips. T. caninus was found to be absent from many retained strips during stagwatching surveys but was subsequently detected by hairtubing. Movement by animals into retained linear strips from surrounding areas of contiguous forest, probably whilst foraging, was the most logical explanation for this result. Statistical analyses revealed that T. caninus was most likely to move into strips that supported few trees with hollows and thus areas of poor habitat suitability where there were few resident animals. Some microhabitat features may influence the patterns of use by T. caninus within areas of retained forest. The implications of our results for wildlife conservation in timber production montane ash forests are discussed.
JF  - Biological Conservation
AU  - Lindenmayer, D B
AU  - Cunningham, R B
AU  - Donnelly, C F
AU  - Triggs, B J
AU  - Belvedere, M
AD  - Cent. Resour. & Environ. Stud., Aust. Natl. Univ., GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 43
EP  - 51
VL  - 68
IS  - 1
SN  - 0006-3207, 0006-3207
KW  - forestry practices
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - conservation
KW  - microenvironments
KW  - Trichosurus caninus
KW  - Australia, Victoria
KW  - habitat utilization
KW  - D 04672:Mammals
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+conservation+of+arboreal+marsupials+in+the+montane+ash+forests+of+the+central+highlands+of+Victoria%2C+south-eastern+Australia+V.+Patterns+of+use+and+the+microhabitat+requirements+of+the+mountain+brushtail+possum+Trichosurus+caninus+Ogilby+in+retained+linear+habitats+%28wildlife+corridors%29&rft.au=Lindenmayer%2C+D+B%3BCunningham%2C+R+B%3BDonnelly%2C+C+F%3BTriggs%2C+B+J%3BBelvedere%2C+M&rft.aulast=Lindenmayer&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Conservation&rft.issn=00063207&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Trichosurus caninus; Australia, Victoria; habitat utilization; microenvironments; conservation
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Land cover and infrastructure mapping of the Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin
AN  - 16751206; 3525240
AB  - Land cover and infrastructure of the Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin were mapped by the CSIRO for the Environment Management Unit of the Water Board, Sydney. The mapping was carried out during the period November 1991 to September 1992, at a scale of 1:25 000. This report describes the validation process applied to the mapping and presents tabulated results and a discussion of land cover and infrastructure distribution within the Basin. Field checking was undertaken during the period October to December 1992.
JF  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1994.
AU  - Laut, P
AU  - Marston, F
AU  - Cuddy, S
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA)
SN  - 0643055207
KW  - Australia, Sydney, Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - water use
KW  - mapping
KW  - land use
KW  - catchment areas
KW  - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Assessing discharge characteristics of upland landscapes using electromagnetic induction techniques
AN  - 16746154; 3525239
AB  - A multifrequency electromagnetic induction (EMI) technique was used to measure apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) profiles in the Scenic Road Landcare Area near Young (NSW). The EM profiles obtained were used to derive an empirical index which could be used to map potential and actual groundwater discharge zones. The empirical index was calibrated in areas of known discharge and checked by piezometric and soil salinity measurements.
JF  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1994.
AU  - Richardson, D P
AU  - Williams, B G
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - electromagnetic induction
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - groundwater
KW  - saline water
KW  - groundwater discharge
KW  - surveys
KW  - mapping
KW  - geophysics
KW  - SW 0840:Groundwater
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16746154?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Richardson%2C+D+P%3BWilliams%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643055216&rft.btitle=Assessing+discharge+characteristics+of+upland+landscapes+using+electromagnetic+induction+techniques&rft.title=Assessing+discharge+characteristics+of+upland+landscapes+using+electromagnetic+induction+techniques&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Industry, technology, and the environment: Competitive challenges and business opportunities
AN  - 16745554; 3523028
AB  - This report by the U.S. Office of technology Assessment finds that industry is increasingly affected by changing competitive realities shaped by the environmental expectations of their customers and the societies in which they operate. The study focuses on competitive challenges and opportunities for two kinds of American industries that are affected by environmental regulation: environmental technology and service firms, and manufacturing firms meeting requirements for reduced pollution. Noting that cleaner, more cost-effective production technologies could help U.S. manufacturers reduce compliance costs while still meeting environmental standards, the report examines the pros and cons of more than 30 policy options for Congress to consider.
JF  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA). 1994.
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - OTA, WASHINGTON, DC (USA)
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - GPO Stock No. 052-003-01362-2
KW  - government policies
KW  - technology
KW  - federal regulations
KW  - environmental protection
KW  - manufacturing industry
KW  - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16745554?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Industry%2C+technology%2C+and+the+environment%3A+Competitive+challenges+and+business+opportunities&rft.title=Industry%2C+technology%2C+and+the+environment%3A+Competitive+challenges+and+business+opportunities&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - CONF
T1  - How variable are rates of colonisation?
AN  - 16738108; 3716825
AB  - The rates of spatial expansion of range following the introduction of animals to new areas are extremely variable between species. Data on a selection of species from a range of taxa show that these rates vary over about five orders of magnitude. The range expansion of a limited number of pest species of aphids have been mapped following colonisation. Studies on rates of colonisation are important as they are central to pest risk analysis. In addition, the observed variation in rates have significant implications for the development of realistic models of metapopulations.
JF  - European Journal of Entomology
AU  - Wellings, P W
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 121
EP  - 125
VL  - 91
IS  - 1
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - Aphididae
KW  - range extension
KW  - Homoptera
KW  - colonization
KW  - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology
KW  - D 04659:Insects
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16738108?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Entomology&rft.atitle=How+variable+are+rates+of+colonisation%3F&rft.au=Wellings%2C+P+W&rft.aulast=Wellings&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Journal+of+Entomology&rft.issn=12105759&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Groundwater management models for Asian developing countries
AN  - 16736099; 3714244
AB  - This paper provides an overview of groundwater management modelling, with particular reference to the situations prevalent in the developing countries of Asia. A state-of-the-art review of mathematical models, developed primarily in the advanced countries is first made. Different approaches and techniques of systems analysis are considered. Due to their increasing importance, water quality aspects are included and emphasized. Key issues and problems including important research needs for the future are highlighted. Some recommendations are made on appropriate modelling strategies for groundwater management in Asian developing countries.
JF  - International Journal of Water Resources Development
AU  - Gupta, AD
AU  - Onta, PR
AD  - Water Resour. Eng. Prog., Asian Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok-10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 457
EP  - 474
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
SN  - 0790-0627, 0790-0627
KW  - ground water
KW  - groundwater
KW  - groundwater management
KW  - model studies
KW  - research priorities
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - water quality
KW  - developing countries
KW  - water management
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Asia
KW  - water resources
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - Q2 09127:General papers on resources
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 2040:Groundwater management
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16736099?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Water+Resources+Development&rft.atitle=Groundwater+management+models+for+Asian+developing+countries&rft.au=Gupta%2C+AD%3BOnta%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=457&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Water+Resources+Development&rft.issn=07900627&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Irrigation Management in Asia.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; developing countries; water management; mathematical models; water resources; ground water; groundwater; groundwater management; model studies; research priorities; Asia; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Marine littoral and coastal Collembola on the subantarctic Macquarie Island
AN  - 16714700; 3711701
AB  - Macquarie island, an Australian subantarctic island, harbours 153 terrestrial arthropods, including 32 Collembola. Of the collembolan species which are native to the island, 16 were collected from the marine littoral zone. Six are common in the clean sand of the beaches and appear to be breeding there, two of them being restricted to this habitat; eight occur on rocky shores where three are restricted. The other native species are found sporadically on beaches but are more common in the tussock grassland and herbland of the coastal shelf and plateau. Four of the marine coastal species have wide ecological tolerances and occur equally abundantly on the central plateau of the island. Species are zoned on sandy beaches but not on rocky shores where none were found below the lichen zone. The highest species richness occurs at the interface between the marine and terrestrial zone as only eleven Macquarie Island species are not found here. Biogeographical affinities of the marinelittoral fauna are predominantly with other subantarctic islands to the west.
JF  - Acta Zoologica Fennica
AU  - Greenslade, P
AU  - van Klinken, RD
AD  - Div. Entomol., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 58
EP  - 61
IS  - 195
SN  - 0001-7299, 0001-7299
KW  - PSE, Macquarie I.
KW  - marine invertebrates
KW  - rocky shores
KW  - species composition
KW  - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - community composition
KW  - Macquarie I.
KW  - Collembola
KW  - beaches
KW  - ecological distribution
KW  - littoral zone
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - D 04659:Insects
KW  - Q1 08422:Environmental effects
KW  - Z 05224:Arctic & Antarctic regions
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16714700?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Zoologica+Fennica&rft.atitle=Marine+littoral+and+coastal+Collembola+on+the+subantarctic+Macquarie+Island&rft.au=Greenslade%2C+P%3Bvan+Klinken%2C+RD&rft.aulast=Greenslade&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=195&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=9519481400&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Acta+Zoologica+Fennica&rft.issn=00017299&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; beaches; ecological distribution; littoral zone; marine invertebrates; rocky shores; species composition; Collembola; Macquarie I.; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - super(13)C discrimination during CO sub(2) assimilation by the terrestrial biosphere
AN  - 16713107; 3711150
AB  - Estimates of the extent of the discrimination against super(13)CO sub(2) during photosynthesis ( Delta sub(A)) on a global basis were made using gridded data sets of temperature, precipitation, elevation, humidity and vegetation type. Stomatal responses to leaf-to-air vapour mole fraction difference (D, leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference divided by atmospheric pressure) were first determined by a literature review and by assuming that stomatal behaviour results in the optimisation of plant water use in relation to carbon gain. Using monthly time steps, modelled stomatal responses to D were used to calculate the ratio of stomatal cavity to ambient CO sub(2) mole fractions and then, in association with leaf internal conductances, to calculate Delta sub(A). Weighted according to gross primary productivity (GPP, annual net CO sub(2) assimilation per unit ground area), estimated Delta sub(A) for C sub(3) biomes ranged from 12.9 PPT for xerophytic woods and shrub to 19.6 PPT for cool/cold deciduous forest, with an average value for C sub(3) plants of 17.8 PPT. This is slightly less than the commonly used values of 18-20 PPT. For C sub(4) plants the average modelled discrimination was 3.6 PPT, again slightly less than would be calculated from C sub(4) plant dry matter carbon isotopic composition (yielding around 5 PPT). From our model we estimate that, on a global basis, 21% of GPP is by C sub(4) plants and for the terrestrial biosphere as a whole we calculate an average isotope discrimination during photosynthesis of 14.8 PPT. There are large variations in Delta sub(A) across the globe, the largest of which are associated with the presence or absence of C sub(4) plants. Due to longitudinal variations in Delta sub(A), there are problems in using latitudinally averaged terrestrial carbon isotope discriminations to calculate the ratio of net oceanic to net terrestrial carbon fluxes.
JF  - Oecologia
AU  - Lloyd, J
AU  - Farquhar, G D
AD  - Environ. Biol. Group, Res. Sch. Biol. Sci., Inst. Adv. Stud., Australian Natl. Univ., GPO Box 475, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 201
EP  - 215
VL  - 99
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0029-8549, 0029-8549
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - photosynthesis
KW  - stomata
KW  - discrimination
KW  - isotopes
KW  - plants
KW  - carbon cycle
KW  - D 04625:Plants - general
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=super%2813%29C+discrimination+during+CO+sub%282%29+assimilation+by+the+terrestrial+biosphere&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+J%3BFarquhar%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photosynthesis; plants; carbon cycle; isotopes; discrimination; stomata
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Improved operation of large irrigation canal systems in Southeast Asia
AN  - 16710736; 3708046
AB  - Poor performance of the irrigation systems in Southeast Asian countries is a cause for concern considering the increasing water scarcity. Lack of adequate knowledge and systematic ignorance of main system management has been identified as one of the primary factors for the resulting poor performance of these systems. In this study a model has been developed for operating the main canal of these systems by integrating hydraulics of the flow and decision-making technique. The model developed was applied to the main canal of the Phitsanulok Irrigation Project in Northern Thailand. The results of this application approved the concept and envisaged substantial improvement in the operation of the main canal. The model can in general be applied to similar irrigation systems in the developing countries.
JF  - International Journal of Water Resources Development
AU  - Loof, R
AU  - Das, B
AU  - Paudyal, G N
AD  - Sch. Civ. Eng., IREM Program, Asian Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 393
EP  - 415
VL  - 10
IS  - 4
SN  - 0790-0627, 0790-0627
KW  - Thailand, Phitsanulok
KW  - decision making
KW  - irrigation operation
KW  - model studies
KW  - multiple use of resources
KW  - performance evaluation
KW  - shared resources
KW  - water scarcity
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - water use
KW  - developing countries
KW  - water supply
KW  - hydraulics
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - irrigation
KW  - irrigation water
KW  - water resources
KW  - Q2 09127:General papers on resources
KW  - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes
KW  - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface
KW  - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16710736?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Water+Resources+Development&rft.atitle=Improved+operation+of+large+irrigation+canal+systems+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.au=Loof%2C+R%3BDas%2C+B%3BPaudyal%2C+G+N&rft.aulast=Loof&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Water+Resources+Development&rft.issn=07900627&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Special issue: Irrigation management in Asia.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; multiple use of resources; water supply; developing countries; hydraulics; water resources; irrigation water; irrigation; model studies; irrigation operation; performance evaluation; decision making; water scarcity; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multiple indirect effects of plant litter affect the establishment of woody seedlings in old fields
AN  - 16708114; 3635814
AB  - I studied the effects of oak leaf litter, herb competition, and insect herbivory on the establishment of seedlings of Ailanthus altissima in New Jersey, USA. I performed two experiments in an early-successional site in two consecutive years. In the first experiment I tested the effects of litter and competition, and their interaction, on establishment and growth of tree seedlings. In the second experiment I studied the effect of insecticide application in combination with litter and herb competition on seedling establishment and growth, and on arthropod abundance. In the absence of competition, litter had no significant effect on the biomass of woody seedlings, though it delayed seedling emergence. Herb competition reduced the growth of the woody seedlings, but the addition of leaf litter reduced the density and biomass of the herbs, indirectly improving the growth of the woody seedlings. Litter increased both invertebrate damage to seedling cotyledons and seedling mortality. The application of insecticide increased seedling emergence and reduced seedling mortality, and more so in the presence of litter. The total number of arthropods and the number of plant-chewing arthropods were increased by the addition of litter and reduced by application of insecticide. Thus, litter had, simultaneously, a positive indirect effect on individual biomass through reduced competition, and a negative indirect effect on the number of individuals through increased seed and/or seedling predation, and a negative direct effect on seedling mortality.
JF  - Ecology
AU  - Facelli, J M
AD  - Dep. Bot., Univ. Adelaide, GPO Box 498, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1727
EP  - 1735
VL  - 75
IS  - 6
SN  - 0012-9658, 0012-9658
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - old fields
KW  - succession
KW  - Ailanthus altissima
KW  - litter
KW  - seedlings
KW  - D 04115:Temperate grasslands
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecology&rft.atitle=Multiple+indirect+effects+of+plant+litter+affect+the+establishment+of+woody+seedlings+in+old+fields&rft.au=Facelli%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Facelli&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecology&rft.issn=00129658&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ailanthus altissima; succession; seedlings; litter; old fields
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predispersal seed predation on Carduus nutans (Asteraceae) in southern Europe
AN  - 16707747; 3700683
AB  - Predispersal seed predation of the "biennial" Carduus nutans L., by insects in the southern part of its native European distribution was studied as part of a biological control program against this weed for Australia. Three populations of the weed were monitored in detail over a 2-4 year period in southern France to quantify levels of seed loss, attack patterns and the impact of each capitulum feeding species. Capitulum damage and seed predation reduced seed production by between 81-99%. Four insects were largely responsible for this; the receptacle weevils Rhinocyllus conicus, Larinus jaceae and L. sturnus and the tephritid gall-fly Urophora solstitialis. Seed predation caused a shift of peak seed production from the large early capitula to the later more numerous small capitula from the mid to late flowering period. Attack by R. conicus and U. solstitialis was spatially dependent on capitulum density of C. nutans among sites. Sites with greater densities of capitula were attacked by a greater number of these insects per capitulum. No such pattern was found at any other spatial scale. The implications of the seed loss on C. nutans populations in southern Europe are discussed in relation to other factors in the dynamics of this weed. Comparisons with existing studies from new environments demonstrate that a) predispersal seed predation is much greater in native populations than has been described in infestations of this weed in other countries where biological control has been successful and b) the main agent of this control, R. conicus, is causing similar amounts of seed predation in native populations as in countries where it has been released without natural enemies.
JF  - Acta Oecologica
AU  - Sheppard, A W
AU  - Cullen, J M
AU  - Aeschlimann, J-P
AD  - Commonw. Sci. Ind. Res. Org., Div. Entomol., GPO Box 1700 Canberra A.C.T., 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 529
EP  - 541
VL  - 15
IS  - 5
SN  - 1146-609X, 1146-609X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - France
KW  - biological control
KW  - predation
KW  - Carduus nutans
KW  - seeds
KW  - Insecta
KW  - D 04640:Other angiosperms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carduus nutans; Insecta; France; seeds; predation; biological control
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison of the ant communities of annually inundated and terra firme forests at Trombetas in the Brazilian Amazon
AN  - 16706939; 3703709
AB  - The composition of the ant community was assessed along standardized 100 m transects in annually flooded Varzea forest and in terra firme forests on sandy soil (Flanco forest) and on clay-topped mesas (Planalto forest). Standardized samples were taken by unit-time hand collecting (day and night times), sweeping, beating, baiting and by Winkler sacks. A total of 156 species, representing 49 genera were found, of which 98, 88 and 55 were respectively found in the Planalto, Flanco and Varzea forests. Species lists are presented and the ant community composition and species richness are compared between the three forests. By considering the nesting and foraging habits of the various species, the differences in overall community composition are related to the forest type and susceptibility to inundation of the three forests which were surveyed. The data confirm the view that tropical rain forests support an extremely diverse ant fauna and comparisons with other forested areas suggest that ant species richness declines in subtropical and temperate rain forests. Although alpha diversity is high, species turnover between forests is lower than expected, suggesting that ant species richness in this forested region is not as great as is implied in some published estimates of global arthropod diversity.
JF  - Insectes Sociaux
AU  - Majer, J D
AU  - Delabie, JHC
AD  - Sch. Environ. Biol., Curtin Univ. Technol., GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 343
EP  - 359
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
SN  - 0020-1812, 0020-1812
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - forests
KW  - community composition
KW  - Brazil
KW  - Formicidae
KW  - Hymenoptera
KW  - Z 05205:Populations & general ecology
KW  - D 04659:Insects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Formicidae; Hymenoptera; Brazil; forests; community composition
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of activated sludge microparticles on pesticide partitioning behavior
AN  - 16681269; 3686728
AB  - Solutions prepared by suspending freeze-dried sludge in water were found to contain aggregated particles of about 1000-nm size and substantial concentrations of surfactants. The microparticles sorbed significant amounts of the organophosphorus (OP) pesticide diazinon, causing low recoveries and a decrease in observed partition coefficients with an increase in the suspended sludge concentration. The microparticles could be removed by prewashing the sludge, by filtration, or by passing the solution through a C-18 cartridge, which effectively acted as a filter. In contrast to diazinon, the recovery of the more polar OP propetamphos was excellent. Microparticles were not significant in muffled sludge obtained from the same source but were significant in three waste streams at a sewage treatment plant, including the final effluent. This could pose problems when predicting the extent of pesticide removal during sewage treatment.
JF  - Environmental Science & Technology
AU  - Villarosa, L
AU  - McCormick, MJ
AU  - Carpenter, P D
AU  - Marriott, P J
AD  - Dep. Appl. Chem., Royal Melbourne Inst. Technol., City Campus, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1916
EP  - 1920
VL  - 28
IS  - 11
SN  - 0013-936X, 0013-936X
KW  - water pollution sources
KW  - fate of pollutants
KW  - aggregates
KW  - organophosphorus pesticides
KW  - pollutant removal
KW  - sewage treatment
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - diazinon
KW  - activated sludge
KW  - organophosphorus compounds
KW  - filtration
KW  - pesticides
KW  - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution sources; fate of pollutants; activated sludge; pesticides; aggregates; organophosphorus pesticides; filtration; diazinon; organophosphorus compounds; pollutant removal; sewage treatment
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of the possibility for rainfed agriculture using a soil moisture simulation model
AN  - 16677139; 3688395
AB  - A soil moisture simulation model was developed to provide the necessary data for evaluating the potential success of rainfed agriculture in a region bordering the Red River in Vietnam. The model considers rain infiltration, evaporation, redistribution, and water uptake by plant roots. A Markov-chain model was used to generate daily rainfall for the simulation of soil moisture contents under normal and dry years. The model was validated using field data for three soil types in the region. Application of the model for assessing the possibilities of rainfed agriculture under the specified conditions is outlined. The analysis results, in terms of moisture conditions showed that the model is capable of indicating the stress days for crops grown in the region. The most appropriate planting date to minimize water stress can be determined.
JF  - Agricultural Water Management
AU  - Binh, N D
AU  - Murty, VVN
AU  - Hoan, D X
AD  - Irrig. Eng. Manage. Program, Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 187
EP  - 199
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
SN  - 0378-3774, 0378-3774
KW  - Vietnam, Red R.
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - soil water
KW  - soil types
KW  - model studies
KW  - infiltration
KW  - rainfall
KW  - agriculture
KW  - unsaturated flow
KW  - SW 0845:Water in soils
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil water; model studies; agriculture; rainfall; infiltration; soil types; unsaturated flow
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An assessment of the role of buffalo manure for pond culture of tilapia. 3. Limiting factors
AN  - 16671702; 3680590
AB  - Nutrient release and dose-response experiments evaluated buffalo manure as a source of soluble and particulate nutrients for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture and its adverse effects on water quality. Buffalo manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content and release characteristics confirmed that manure was a poor source of both particulate and soluble nutrients. Only 6% of initial manure total Kjeldahl N of the 17 mg N/g dry matter (DM) was released as dissolved inorganic N, and 35% of the initial manure total P of the 1.3 mg P/g DM was released as soluble reactive P. Water quality deteriorated at higher manure loading rates of more than 100 kg DM/ha/day. Water color and total suspended solids increased steadily with manure loading rate, promoting light limitation of phytoplankton production at higher loading rates. The dark brown color imparted by manure to the water decomposed faster in the light than under dark conditions. Dissolved oxygen concentrations at dawn also declined to near 0 mg/l at higher manure loading rates.
JF  - Aquaculture
AU  - Shevgoor, L
AU  - Knud-Hansen, C F
AU  - Edwards, P
AD  - Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 107
EP  - 118
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0044-8486, 0044-8486
KW  - Oreochromis niloticus
KW  - aquaculture techniques
KW  - fertilization
KW  - fish culture
KW  - habitat improvement
KW  - habitats
KW  - nutrients
KW  - pond culture
KW  - tropical regions
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts
KW  - water quality
KW  - fertilizers
KW  - manure
KW  - Thailand
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - fish ponds
KW  - aquaculture
KW  - SW 0860:Water and plants
KW  - Q3 08582:Fish culture
KW  - O 5060:Aquaculture
KW  - Q1 08582:Fish culture
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fertilizers; water quality; habitat improvement; manure; aquaculture; fish culture; aquaculture techniques; fish ponds; pond culture; tropical regions; nutrients; habitats; fertilization; Oreochromis niloticus; Thailand; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An assessment of the role of buffalo manure for pond culture of tilapia. 2. Field trial
AN  - 16670714; 3680582
AB  - Ten cooperating farmers in Northeast Thailand obtained a mean net yield of 1.8 tonnes/ha/yr of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in 200-m super(2) ponds manured at a rate of 200 kg dry matter (DM)/ha/day. Farmers were enthusiastic about the trial but fish production was most inefficient. A mean of 4.0 tonnes of fresh manure was collected and loaded into the 200-m super(2) pond over a 7-month period to yield only 20.7 kg of fish. Mean manure to fish conversion ratios were 195 and 34:1 on fresh and dry matter bases, respectively, with a dry matter conversion efficiency of manure to fish of < 1%. Buffalo manure should not be recommended to farmers as a major pond fertilizer.
JF  - Aquaculture
AU  - Edwards, P
AU  - Kaewpaitoon, K
AU  - Little, D C
AU  - Siripandh, N
AD  - Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok, Thailand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 97
EP  - 106
VL  - 126
IS  - 1-2
SN  - 0044-8486, 0044-8486
KW  - Oreochromis niloticus
KW  - aquaculture techniques
KW  - fish culture
KW  - habitat improvement
KW  - habitats
KW  - pond culture
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts
KW  - fertilizers
KW  - manure
KW  - Thailand
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - fish ponds
KW  - aquaculture
KW  - SW 0860:Water and plants
KW  - Q3 08582:Fish culture
KW  - O 5060:Aquaculture
KW  - Q1 08582:Fish culture
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fertilizers; habitat improvement; manure; aquaculture; fish culture; aquaculture techniques; fish ponds; pond culture; habitats; Oreochromis niloticus; Thailand; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Plant resistance to rusts and mildews: Genetic control and possible mechanisms
AN  - 16667472; 3677126
AB  - Genes in plants that confer race-specific resistance to rusts and mildews are widely exploited in agriculture and can prevent huge losses at little cost. However, nothing is known of the molecular basis of their action. Genetic studies, together with observations of responses at the ultrastructural level, can provide broad insights into how resistance is achieved, which may help in cloning resistance genes.
JF  - Trends in Microbiology
AU  - Lawrence, G J
AU  - Shepherd, K W
AU  - Mayo, GME
AU  - Islam, M R
AD  - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 263
EP  - 270
VL  - 2
IS  - 8
SN  - 0966-842X, 0966-842X
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology
KW  - disease resistance
KW  - cloning
KW  - genes
KW  - mildew
KW  - rust
KW  - mechanisms
KW  - K 03086:Immunology & vaccination
KW  - G 07349:General
KW  - A 01067:Antifungal & fungicidal
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genes; disease resistance; rust; mildew; mechanisms; cloning
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transgene inactivation: Plants fight back!
AN  - 16665016; 3677047
AB  - Desirable new phenotypes created by the introduction of foreign DNA into plants are frequently unstable following propagation, leading to a loss of the newly acquired traits. This genetic instability is due not to deletion or mutation of the introduced DNA but rather to the inactivation of the transgene. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that might be responsible for transgene inactivation and examine means of stabilizing gene expression in transgenic plants.
JF  - Bio/Technology (new title: Nature Biotechnology?)
AU  - Finnegan, J
AU  - McElroy, D
AD  - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 883
EP  - 888
VL  - 12
IS  - 9
SN  - 0733-222X, 0733-222X
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts
KW  - inactivation
KW  - transgenic plants
KW  - genes
KW  - DNA
KW  - gene expression
KW  - W2 32440:Plant breeding
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bio%2FTechnology+%28new+title%3A+Nature+Biotechnology%3F%29&rft.atitle=Transgene+inactivation%3A+Plants+fight+back%21&rft.au=Finnegan%2C+J%3BMcElroy%2C+D&rft.aulast=Finnegan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=883&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bio%2FTechnology+%28new+title%3A+Nature+Biotechnology%3F%29&rft.issn=0733222X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inactivation; transgenic plants; genes; DNA; gene expression
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Performance of an evaporation basin in a linked enhanced-discharge/evaporative-disposal system near Quairading, Western Australia
AN  - 16662428; 3672441
AB  - This study is part of a Land and Water Care project "Discharge Enhancement Techniques for the Control of Salinity". The objectives of the 1-year field experiment were to study the feasibility of using evaporation basins for disposing of pumped saline groundwater from enhanced-discharge schemes, and to prepare a set of guidelines for the selection sites and criteria for the design of evaporation ponds. The field experiment has shown that lateral and vertical leakage from small on-farm evaporation basins can be controlled by reducing the hydraulic heads in the underlying aquifer system by pumping. Leakage to the aquifer is captured by the pumping well of the enhanced-discharge scheme. Leakage rates are several magnitudes higher than evaporation rates in the summer and winter months. Lateral leakage was limited within the radius of pumping drawdown. Aquifer leakage is directly related to the hydraulic head difference between basin stage height and groundwater levels. Salinity in the basin increased due to evaporation, but no significant increase in groundwater salinity was observed in the deeper parts of the aquifer because of mixing with less saline groundwater.
JF  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA, ACT (AUSTRALIA). 1994.
AU  - Otto, C
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA, ACT (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - Australia, Western Australia, Quairading
KW  - aquifer characteristics
KW  - design criteria
KW  - ecosystem management
KW  - field tests
KW  - groundwater contamination
KW  - leakage
KW  - pumping
KW  - saline water
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - water management
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - salinity
KW  - evaporation
KW  - groundwater pollution
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control
KW  - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predictive microbiology
AN  - 16660517; 3674638
AB  - Predictive microbiology is based upon the premise that the responses of populations of microorganisms to environmental factors are reproducible, and that by considering environments in terms of identifiable dominating constraints it is possible, from past observations, to predict the responses of those microorganisms. Proponents claim that predictive microbiology offers many benefits to the practice of food microbiology, and there is growing interest internationally. This review considers the origins, benefits and approaches to predictive microbiology and critically considers limitations and potential solutions. It is suggested that the traditional delineation between kinetic and probabilistic models is artificial, and that the two approaches represent the opposite ends of a spectrum of modelling needs. It is concluded: that despite the complexity of many food systems predictive modelling can be successfully applied; that strategies based on predictive models can simplify problems and allow useful predictions and analyses to be made; that the full potential of the technique has not yet been realised; and that "predictive microbiology" may be seen as providing a rational framework for understanding the microbial ecology of food.
JF  - International Journal of Food Microbiology
AU  - Ross, T
AU  - McMeekin, T A
AD  - Dep. Agric. Sci., Univ. Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 241
EP  - 264
VL  - 23
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0168-1605, 0168-1605
KW  - predictive microbiology
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - food contamination
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - reviews
KW  - populations
KW  - probability
KW  - kinetics
KW  - A 01017:Human foods
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - SuppNotes - Special issue: Predictive Modelling.
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; populations; environmental factors; probability; kinetics; food contamination
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular cloning and characterisation of grape berry polyphenol oxidase
AN  - 16660465; 3671230
AB  - Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was purified to homogeneity from Sultana grapes yielding a single protein with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. A degenerate oligonucleotide primer based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of this purified 40 kDa grape PPO protein was used to amplify a 1650 bp cDNA clone (GPO1M) by 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (3'-RACE). GPO1M hybridized to a single 2.2 kb transcript from grape berry mRNA indicating the presence of further upstream sequence which was cloned using 5'-RACE PCR. The complete 1990 bp cDNA (GPO1) encodes a 67 kDa protein consisting of a 10.6 kDa chloroplast transit peptide, a 40.5 kDa catalytic unit containing two copper-binding regions and a 16.2 kDa C-terminal extension. Southern analysis suggested the presence of only one PPO gene in grapevine. High levels of gene expression were found in young developing berries, leaves and roots, but there was little expression in mature tissues. Biogenesis of PPO in grapevine tissues, appears to involve synthesis of a 67 kDa precursor protein which is imported into the chloroplast and processed to remove a 10.6 kDa chloroplast transit peptide from the N-terminus and a 16.2 kDa peptide of unknown function from the C-terminus.
JF  - Plant Molecular Biology
AU  - Dry, IB
AU  - Robinson, S P
AD  - CSIRO Div. Horticult., GPO Box 350, Adelaide, S.A. 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 495
EP  - 502
VL  - 26
IS  - 1
SN  - 0167-4412, 0167-4412
KW  - GPO1M gene
KW  - PPO protein
KW  - catechol oxidase
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts
KW  - nucleotide sequence
KW  - Vitis vinifera
KW  - hybridization analysis
KW  - amino acid sequence
KW  - prediction
KW  - gene expression
KW  - W2 32065:Plants
KW  - G 07353:GENERAL
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Molecular+cloning+and+characterisation+of+grape+berry+polyphenol+oxidase&rft.au=Dry%2C+IB%3BRobinson%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Dry&rft.aufirst=IB&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Molecular+Biology&rft.issn=01674412&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nucleotide sequence; hybridization analysis; amino acid sequence; prediction; gene expression; Vitis vinifera
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Scallop fisheries in southern Australia: Managing for stock recovery
AN  - 16659390; 3662014
AB  - Scallop fisheries in southern Australia are showing signs of stock recovery after a period of low abundance. The recovery has been sporadic and slow although large areas of the fishing grounds have been subject to little or no fishing for up to 5 years. New management strategies designed to encourage stock recovery and promote sustainable harvests in the future are in place. Management strategies and fishery monitoring programs are presented.
JF  - Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. Brisbane
AU  - Zacharin, W
AD  - Sea Fish. Div., Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., GPO Box 619F, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 241
EP  - 246
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
SN  - 0079-8835, 0079-8835
KW  - Australia, Southern
KW  - fishery regulations
KW  - fishery resources
KW  - resource conservation
KW  - scallop fisheries
KW  - sustainable yield
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - PSE, Australia
KW  - Marine
KW  - fishery management
KW  - Pecten fumatus
KW  - stock assessment
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fishery regulations; scallop fisheries; resource conservation; fishery management; stock assessment; fishery resources; sustainable yield; Pecten fumatus; PSE, Australia; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of occupational exposure to aldrin on urinary D-glucaric acid, plasma dieldrin, and lymphocyte sister chromatid exchange
AN  - 16655295; 3665374
AB  - The effects of exposure to the chlorinated cyclodiene termiticide aldrin was evaluated in pest control workers potentially exposed to this material. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies were not elevated in workers handling aldrin. This is consistent with the fact that chlorinated cyclodienes are not genotoxic. Plasma dieldrin concentrations (up to 250 ng/ml) confirmed exposure in workers actively performing termiticide treatments and in maintenance and store workers, when compared with unexposed control workers (median concentration, 4.8 ng/ml). Urinary D-glucaric acid (DGA), an index of hepatic enzyme activity, was elevated in pesticide-exposed groups but urinary DGA was poorly correlated with plasma dieldrin level. This indicates that concurrent exposures of these groups to other pesticides may have influenced mixed-function oxidase metabolic activity.
JF  - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
AU  - Edwards, J W
AU  - Priestly, B G
AD  - Dep. Clin. and Exp. Pharmacol., Univ. Adelaide, GPO Box 498, Adelaide, S.A. 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 229
EP  - 234
VL  - 66
IS  - 4
SN  - 0340-0131, 0340-0131
KW  - D-glucaric acid
KW  - man
KW  - pesticides (organochlorine)
KW  - aldrin
KW  - dieldrin
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - insecticides
KW  - lymphocytes
KW  - urine
KW  - sister chromatid exchange
KW  - occupational exposure
KW  - H SE5.20:INSECTICIDES
KW  - X 24135:Biochemistry
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aldrin; dieldrin; urine; sister chromatid exchange; lymphocytes; occupational exposure; insecticides; man
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - A software architecture for model management and integration: An application to catchment runoff modelling
AN  - 16646321; 3654527
AB  - Firstly, we perform an analysis of the requirements for catchment runoff modelling, based on the past experience gained with CMSS, a Catchment Management Support System. Then, a general design framework, together with some design alternatives, is presented. The rest of the document is taken up with a thorough description of the main modules composing the architecture: the domain manager (which organises the modelling knowledge), the model manager (which handles and manages models), the experiment manager (which selects data and models and puts them together), and finally the calculation manager (which executes the model calculations).
JF  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT (AUSTRALIA). 1994.
AU  - Rizzoli, A
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
PB  - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT (AUSTRALIA)
KW  - catchment area
KW  - catchment areas
KW  - environment management
KW  - model studies
KW  - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - hydrology
KW  - mathematical models
KW  - computer programs
KW  - runoff
KW  - SW 2080:Watershed protection
KW  - Q2 09162:Methods and instruments
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rizzoli%2C+A&rft.aulast=Rizzoli&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643055908&rft.btitle=A+software+architecture+for+model+management+and+integration%3A+An+application+to+catchment+runoff+modelling&rft.title=A+software+architecture+for+model+management+and+integration%3A+An+application+to+catchment+runoff+modelling&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hypoxia after prenatal cocaine attenuates striatal dopamine and neurotrophic activity
AN  - 16644794; 3682521
AB  - We have previously shown that newborn rabbits exposed to cocaine prenatally have an altered cardiorespiratory response to hypoxia. We report the effect of postnatal hypoxia on brain DA and neurotrophic activity in New Zealand White rabbit pups (n = 41) born to cocaine-exposed does (30 mg/kg/day SC from days 7-15 of a 32-day gestation = COCaine) and control does (sterile H sub(2)O = VEHicle). Four to 6-day-old pups were exposed to 20 min of room air (0.21 fractional inspired oxygen tension, F sub(1)O sub(2)). One third of each group was then exposed to 20 min of either 0.15 (moderate hypoxia) or 0.08 (severe hypoxia) F sub(1)O sub(2). Immediately following hypoxic challenge the pups were sacrificed. Striatal tissue extracts were subsequently assessed for DA and striatal trophic activity by monitoring the number of neuron specific enolase immunoreactive (NSEir) cells in mesencephalic culture following incubation with striatal extracts. Increasing the severity of hypoxia increased DA content (p < 0.005), but reduced DA activity (p < 0.0001) and trophic activity (p < 0.001). Cocaine exposure reduced striatal DA (p < 0.005) as well as NSEir (p < 0.001) in all conditions relative to vehicle-treated controls. The data suggest that prenatal cocaine exposure enhances the vulnerability of the DA system to the stress of hypoxia, possibly through alterations in neurotrophic activity.
JF  - Neurotoxicology and Teratology
AU  - Weese-Mayer, DE
AU  - Silvestri, J M
AU  - Lin, D
AU  - Buhrfiend, C M
AU  - Ptak, L R
AU  - Lo, E S
AU  - Carvey, P M
AD  - Rush-Prebysterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Parkw., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 177
EP  - 181
VL  - 16
IS  - 2
SN  - 0892-0362, 0892-0362
KW  - cocaine
KW  - dopamine
KW  - rabbits
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts
KW  - prenatal experience
KW  - hypoxia
KW  - neostriatum
KW  - N3 11106:Neurobiology of drug abuse
KW  - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hypoxia; prenatal experience; neostriatum
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Detection of 4-quinolone resistance mutation in gyrA gene of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 by PCR
AN  - 16643301; 3646368
AB  - To study 4-quinolone resistance, the N-terminal coding region of gyrA from nalidixic acid-susceptible and -resistant isolates of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 was amplified by PCR, cloned, and sequenced. DNA sequence analysis of gyrA from nalidixic acid-resistant isolates revealed a C-to-T transition at nucleotide position 248 leading to a Ser-83-to-Leu substitution which was absent in susceptible clinical isolates. Direct HinfI digestion of PCR-amplified DNA detected similar mutations. Thus, DNA gyrase A subunit mutation Ser-83 to Leu is implicated in 4-quinolone resistance in S. dysenteriae type 1.
JF  - Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy
AU  - Rahman, M
AU  - Mauff, G
AU  - Levy, J
AU  - Couturier, M
AU  - Pulverer, G
AU  - Glasdorff, N
AU  - Butzler, J P
AD  - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR,B, G.P.O. box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 2488
EP  - 2491
VL  - 38
IS  - 10
SN  - 0066-4804, 0066-4804
KW  - 4-quinolone
KW  - gyrA gene
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - nucleotide sequence
KW  - drug resistance
KW  - Shigella dysenteriae
KW  - A 01064:Microbial resistance
KW  - J 02814:Drug resistance
KW  - G 07321:GENERAL
KW  - J 02740:Genetics and evolution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella dysenteriae; drug resistance; nucleotide sequence
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An evaluation of neural networks and discriminant analysis methods for application in operational rain forecasting
AN  - 16639227; 3633041
AB  - Neural networks and discriminant analysis have been applied to forecasting 24-hour rainfall for the city of Melbourne. Several different approaches were tested with each of these techniques, using a training data set of 1997 cases and an independent test data set of 665 cases. Performance comparisons indicated that both neural network and discriminant analysis methods offered improvements over the operational model output statistics (MOS) method and operational forecasts. As a result of these tests a discriminant analysis method has been incorporated into an expert system to assist forecasters making rainfall forecasts. This system is undergoing an operational trial in the Victorian Regional Forecast Centre.
JF  - Australian Meteorological Magazine
AU  - Allen, G
AU  - Le Marshall, JF
AD  - Bureau Meteorol. Res. Cent., GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 17
EP  - 28
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SN  - 0004-9743, 0004-9743
KW  - neural networks
KW  - analytical methods
KW  - weather forecasting
KW  - data interpretation
KW  - decision making
KW  - Australia, Melbourne
KW  - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - precipitation
KW  - rain
KW  - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication
KW  - N3 11025:Neural networks and neurocomputing
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16639227?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Meteorological+Magazine&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+neural+networks+and+discriminant+analysis+methods+for+application+in+operational+rain+forecasting&rft.au=Allen%2C+G%3BLe+Marshall%2C+JF&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Meteorological+Magazine&rft.issn=00049743&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analytical methods; weather forecasting; precipitation; rain; data interpretation; decision making; neural networks
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicity of pulse-exposed fenvalerate and esfenvalerate to larval Australian crimson-spotted rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis)
AN  - 16638658; 3644948
AB  - The effects of pulse exposure with two synthetic pyrethroids, fenvalerate and esfenvalerate, on survival of larval Australian crimson-spotted rainbow fish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis) were studied. Fenvalerate and esfenvalerate were both highly toxic to larval rainbow fish with 1-h esfenvalerate pulse-exposure concentrations as low as 0.32 mu g/1, and 1-min fenvalerate pulse-exposure concentrations of 4.5 mu g/1, sufficient to cause significant mortality. Technical grades were significantly more toxic than emulsified grades of the pesticides. The 1-h pulse-exposure 96-h LC sub(50)'s were 12.75, 30.25, 1.18, and 1.99 mu g/1 for technical fenvalerate, emulsified fenvalerate, technical esfenvalerate, and emulsified esfenvalerate, respectively. Emulsified fenvalerate and esfenvalerate were also extremely toxic to adult crimson-spotted rainbow fish. The 96-h continuous exposure LC sub(50)'s for adult fish using 50% daily partial replacement were 14.58 and 6.24 mu g/1, respectively, comparable with results for holarctic species. Fenvalerate is a racemic mixture containing four optical isomers (2R, aR; 2R, aS; 2S, aR, 2S, aS), while esfenvalerate contains mainly the 2S isomers. Esfenvalerate contains approximately twice the quantity of 2S isomers as does fenvalerate on a weight basis. Pulse-exposure LC sub(50)'s for esfenvalerate were 10 to 15 times lower than for fenvalerate, a much higher toxicity of esfenvalerate than the roughly two fold difference which would have been predicted solely on a weight basis. Thus the 2R isomers, which make up approximately 50% of the fenvalerate formulation and which previously were regarded as non-active, appear to have reduced the expected toxicity of fenvalerate relative to measured esfenvalerate toxicity, perhaps via the inhibition of sodium channel activation.
JF  - Aquatic Toxicology
AU  - Holdway, DA
AU  - Barry, MJ
AU  - Logan, D C
AU  - Robertson, D
AU  - Young, V
AU  - Ahokas, J T
AD  - Key Cent. Appl. and Nutr. Toxicol., RMIT - City Campus, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 169
EP  - 187
VL  - 28
IS  - 3-4
SN  - 0166-445X, 0166-445X
KW  - esfenvalerate
KW  - fenvalerate
KW  - fish larvae
KW  - pyrethroids
KW  - toxicity testing
KW  - toxicity tests
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - insecticides
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Melanotaenia fluviatilis
KW  - larvae
KW  - X 24131:Acute exposure
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; larvae; toxicity tests; fish larvae; toxicity testing; pyrethroids; Melanotaenia fluviatilis; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Marine viral ecology: Incorporation of bacteriophage into the microbial planktonic food web paradigm
AN  - 16638335; 3640614
AB  - In the decade since the microbial loop was defined, the importance of the interaction between microbial organisms and the larger planktonic animals has been a subject of controversy. Until recently, grazing was considered to be the major fate of bacterial production. Now, however, viruses are seen to have an important role in microbial processes. We describe how growth and recycling parameters affect the transfer of bacterial production through a microbial loop model that includes viruses. The loop is very inefficient for all reasonable conditions, but its relative importance as a source of mesozooplankton nutrition is variable. The model demonstrates that in mesotrophic coastal waters, the microbial loop is unlikely to supply more than a minor component of mesozooplankton nutrition, a proposition that is supported by accumulating evidence. For oligotrophic pelagic waters, the model indicates that in the absence of viruses the microbial loop, despite its low efficiency, may provide an important resource for mesozooplankton. Bacterial production, without viral mortality, is also relatively important in the case of direct exploitation by salps. Under these conditions, bacteria account for 10-30% of mesozooplankton nutrition. With high levels of bacteriophage activity, zooplankton production is generally reduced by 5-15%. We thus conclude that bacteriophages could significantly affect mesozooplanktonic and, hence, exploitable marine production.
JF  - Journal of Plankton Research
AU  - Murray, A G
AU  - Eldridge, P M
AD  - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 627
EP  - 641
VL  - 16
IS  - 6
SN  - 0142-7873, 0142-7873
KW  - marine ecology
KW  - marine microorganisms
KW  - phages
KW  - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - plankton
KW  - models
KW  - bacteriophages
KW  - viruses
KW  - food webs
KW  - microorganisms
KW  - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies
KW  - Q1 08461:Plankton
KW  - V 22070:Phage-host interactions including lysogeny & transduction
KW  - D 04620:Microorganisms
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.atitle=Marine+viral+ecology%3A+Incorporation+of+bacteriophage+into+the+microbial+planktonic+food+web+paradigm&rft.au=Murray%2C+A+G%3BEldridge%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.issn=01427873&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; bacteriophages; viruses; marine ecology; plankton; food webs; microorganisms; marine microorganisms; phages; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cocaethylene in meconium specimens
AN  - 16629282; 3674615
AB  - Cocaethylene, a metabolite of cocaine and ethanol, exhibits cardiac and neurobehavioral effects. In order to determine the prevalence of this compound in meconium specimens, samples which gave a positive result for benzoylecgonine using fluorescence polarization immunoassay were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for cocaine, cocaethylene and benzoylecgonine. Deuterated cocaine, cocaethylene and benzoylecgonine were used as internal standards. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry cutoff concentrations of 5.0 ng/g were utilized for all analytes. Of the 361 specimens which consecutively confirmed positive for cocaine or benzoylecgonine, 114 (31.6%) tested positive for cocaethylene. Further, cocaethylene accumulates in greater concentrations in meconium than urine, and is a useful analyte for identifying fetal alcohol exposure.
JF  - Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology
AU  - Lewis, DE
AU  - Moore, C M
AU  - Leikin, J B
AD  - Emergency Serv., Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 697
EP  - 703
VL  - 32
IS  - 6
SN  - 0731-3810, 0731-3810
KW  - cocaethylene
KW  - cocaine
KW  - benzoylecgonine
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - neonates
KW  - meconium
KW  - man
KW  - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Clinical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Cocaethylene+in+meconium+specimens&rft.au=Lewis%2C+DE%3BMoore%2C+C+M%3BLeikin%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Clinical+Toxicology&rft.issn=07313810&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - meconium; man; neonates
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Von Bertalanffy growth models with variability in, and correlation between, K and L
AN  - 16624421; 3657383
JF  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
AU  - Xiao, Yongshun
AD  - Fish. Div., Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., G.P.O. Box 990, Darwin NT 0801, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1585
EP  - 1590
VL  - 51
IS  - 7
SN  - 0706-652X, 0706-652X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - models
KW  - growth
KW  - Metapenaeus endeavouri
KW  - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications
KW  - D 04665:Crustaceans
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=Von+Bertalanffy+growth+models+with+variability+in%2C+and+correlation+between%2C+K+and+L&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Yongshun&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Yongshun&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metapenaeus endeavouri; growth; models
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Potential sources of polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes in the Passaic River, New Jersey
AN  - 16621725; 3657326
AB  - Recent studies suggested that the presence of elevated levels of 2,4,6,8-tetrachlorodibenzothiophene (2,4,6,8-TCDT) in sediments collected from the lower Passaic River in Newark, New Jersey is due to operations at a former 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) manufacturing facility. This paper reviews the scientific literature to determine if 2,4,6,8-TCDT is commonly found in the aquatic environment and evaluates whether 2,4,6,8-TCDT is associated with the production of 2,4,5-T. Polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes (PCDTs) are generated by chemical processes that are similar to those that result in the formation of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). PCDTs have been found in pulp and paper mill effluents and waste incineration fly ash, and are associated with metal reclamation processes and incineration of PCBs. Chemical processes similar to those that have resulted in the formation of PCDFs, such as dye, pigment, paint, pesticide, and raw chemical production, are likely significant sources of PCDTs if sulfur-containing organic chemicals are used in the manufacturing process. It has been estimated that there are over 300 PCDD and PCDF sources within the Newark Bay estuary, many of which are likely to have discharged PCDT-containing effluents to the Passaic River. Chlorinated thiophenols and other sulfur-containing compounds such as sulfonated benzenes, chlorinated in the 2, 4, and 6 positions, and 2,3,5,2',3',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl, present in commercial PCB mixtures, have precisely the correct configuration of chlorine substitution for 2,4,6,8-TCDT formation. Elevated levels of both 2,4,6,8-TCDT and PCBs in lower Passaic River sediments suggest that PCDT contamination of these sediments may be related to several sources, most notably, a known PCB contaminated site approximately one mile downstream of the former 2,4,5-T facility. The scientific literature provided no evidence to support the assertion that the presence of 2,4,6,8-TCDT in the environment was related to 2,4,5-T production. The reported presence of 2,4,6,8-TCDT in Passaic River sediments cannot be explained by production practices at the former 2,4,5-T facility.
JF  - Chemosphere
AU  - Huntley, S L
AU  - Wenning, R J
AU  - Paustenbach, D J
AU  - Wong, A S
AU  - Luksemburg, W J
AD  - ChemRisk registered , Div. McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 257
EP  - 272
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
SN  - 0045-6535, 0045-6535
KW  - PCDT
KW  - aquatic environments
KW  - brackishwater pollution
KW  - freshwater pollution
KW  - industrial effluents
KW  - literature review
KW  - literature reviews
KW  - pollution detection
KW  - pulp and paper industry
KW  - sediment pollution
KW  - water pollution sources
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - chlorinated hydrocarbons
KW  - USA, New Jersey, Passaic R.
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - industrial wastes
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - water pollution
KW  - Brackish
KW  - aquatic environment
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - O 4060:Pollution - Environment
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; industrial wastes; literature reviews; brackishwater pollution; freshwater pollution; sediment pollution; pollution detection; water pollution; aquatic environment; industrial effluents; pulp and paper industry; water pollution sources; literature review; USA, New Jersey, Passaic R.; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - SEAWATER: A library of MATLAB registered computational routines for the properties of sea water. Version 1.2
AN  - 16619330; 3653111
AB  - Many scientists have realised the value of "Fourth Generation Languages" such as MATLAB for carrying out data analysis. These languages enable scientists to concentrate on conducting research without worrying about the more technical aspects of computing. SEAWATER is a library of MATLAB computational routines for determining properties of sea water that are commonly used in oceanographic research. It is of the utmost importance that these determinations are accurate. The driving force for developing this library was the need for an easy to use, set of routines that had been thoroughly tested. The SEAWATER library can be used on any computer platform that supports MATLAB. No recompiling or conversion is necessary. MATLAB automatically keeps track of missing or bad data with the Not-A-Number (NaN) feature, and the ability to use multidimensional data structures in calculations greatly adds to the simplicity and usefulness of the library. For example, it is a simple matter to calculate the density for an entire hydrographic section (salinity, temperature and pressure) that has missing/bad data in a one-line statement, by calling the SEAWATER library. The SEAWATER library implements all the polynomial equations presented by Foffonoff and Millard (UNESCO 1983). Validation of the SEAWATER library against the UNESCO results is demonstrated in Appendix C.
JF  - Report. CSIRO Marine Laboratories. 1994.
AU  - Morgan, P P
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - computer programs
KW  - seawater
KW  - data storage and retrieval
KW  - water properties
KW  - SW 8030:Secondary publication and distribution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Control of Phaulacridium vittatum (Sjoestedt) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in field cages using an oil-based spray of Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Rozsypal (Deuteromycetina: Hyphomycetes)
AN  - 16617409; 3638957
AB  - Conidia of an isolate of Metarhizium flavoviride, F1985 suspended in oil were sprayed onto mainly adult Phaulacridium vittatum (Sjoestedt) in field cages at two dose rates: 2x 10 super(9) and 2x 10 super(4) conodia/ml. Both rates were effective in killing all P. vittatum in the cages in 3 weeks, under the prevailing cool conditions. Samples of grasshoppers taken from the treated cages at 4, 8 and 14 d post-spraying died within 1-6 d when placed at constant 26 degree C in the laboratory. Samples of foliage fed to healthy grasshoppers showed that some infections conidia persisted for 13 d. The results indicate that it may be possible to control P. vittatum with an oil-based spray of conidia of M. flavoviride.
JF  - Journal of the Australian Entomological Society
AU  - Milner, R J
AU  - Hartley, T R
AU  - Lutton, G G
AU  - Prior, C
AD  - CSIRO, Div. Entomol., GPO Box 1700, Camberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 165
EP  - 167
VL  - 33
IS  - 2
SN  - 0004-9050, 0004-9050
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Entomology Abstracts
KW  - biological control
KW  - Metarhizium flavoviride
KW  - Phaulacridium vittatum
KW  - Acrididae
KW  - Orthoptera
KW  - A 01014:Others
KW  - Z 05207:Agricultural & general applied entomology
KW  - K 03088:Fungi: animal
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Australian+Entomological+Society&rft.atitle=Control+of+Phaulacridium+vittatum+%28Sjoestedt%29+%28Orthoptera%3A+Acrididae%29+in+field+cages+using+an+oil-based+spray+of+Metarhizium+flavoviride+Gams+and+Rozsypal+%28Deuteromycetina%3A+Hyphomycetes%29&rft.au=Milner%2C+R+J%3BHartley%2C+T+R%3BLutton%2C+G+G%3BPrior%2C+C&rft.aulast=Milner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Australian+Entomological+Society&rft.issn=00049050&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metarhizium flavoviride; Phaulacridium vittatum; Orthoptera; Acrididae; biological control
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Conservation of the grassy white box woodlands: Population genetics and fragmentation of Eucalyptus albens
AN  - 16615136; 3686982
AB  - White box (Eucalyptus albens) woodlands once covered large parts of the fertile agricultural land of the wheat-sheep belt of southeastern Australia. Populations of E. albens were almost continuous across much of this region, but clearing has left a mosaic of remnant populations, scattered trees, and treeless pastures or cropland. Using allozyme electrophoresis of remnant populations sampled from across the range of E. albens, we examined patterns of genetic variation in this species and the effects of fragmentation on its genetic diversity. Total genetic diversity in E. albens was higher than reported for any other eucalypt species (H sub(t) = 0.306), while differentiation among populations from across its range was one of the lowest for eucalypts (G sub(st) = 5.7%). The relationship between genetic and geographic patterns was obscured with the inclusion of small populations in the analysis, suggesting a need for caution in the sampling of small populations for genetic studies. We recommend that for maximum conservation of genetic diversity in E. albens at the local scale, populations should either contain greater than 500 individuals or form a closely spaced mosaic to allow gene flow between smaller units. Reconstructed populations should be established from seed collected from local populations of greater than 500 individuals. At the broad scale, conservation of genetic diversity in E. albens would probably be maximized by a wide geographic spread of reserved populations.
JF  - Conservation Biology
AU  - Prober, S M
AU  - Brown, AHD
AD  - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1003
EP  - 1013
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
SN  - 0888-8892, 0888-8892
KW  - Eucalyptus albens
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - population genetics
KW  - genetic analysis
KW  - conservation
KW  - Australia, Southeast
KW  - habitat fragmentation
KW  - G 07290:Population genetics
KW  - D 04705:Conservation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australia, Southeast; genetic analysis; habitat fragmentation; conservation; population genetics
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Early growth of Santalum album in relation to shade
AN  - 16612698; 3649286
AB  - Morphological features of the hemi-parasite Santalum album Linn. (Indian sandalwood) were examined on tree seedlings raised under different shade treatments. Treatment levels were full sun and 32, 50, 70 and 80% shade. The level of shade significantly affected many morphological characteristics. Leaf area was least in full sun and greater under all shade levels. Leaves were thicker, shorter and narrower in full sun than in 80% shade. Leaf length/width ratio was greater when shade exceeded 50%. Petioles were shorter in 50% and more shade. Leaves in 80% shade had more chlorophyll and were of greater weight. Stomatal numbers were higher and internodes longer in 80% shade than in full sun. None of the following showed significant differences: plant heights, leaf numbers, crown widths and stem diameters. Chlorophyll concentrations are within the range of those possessed by non-parasitic land plants. On balance 80% shade plants had adaptive attributes more favourable to growth than plants from less shade. Survival was least in full sun.
JF  - Australian Journal of Botany
AU  - Barrett
AU  - Fox, JED
AD  - Mulga Res. Cent., Sch. Environ. Biol., Curtin Univ. Technol., GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 83
EP  - 93
VL  - 42
IS  - 1
SN  - 0067-1924, 0067-1924
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - parasitism
KW  - Santalum album
KW  - survival
KW  - shade
KW  - growth
KW  - D 04640:Other angiosperms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Santalum album; growth; shade; survival; parasitism
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inhibition of urease activity in flooded soils: Effect of thiophosphorictriamides and phosphorictriamides
AN  - 16605662; 3669699
AB  - The effectiveness of two thiophosphorictriamides, [N-(n-butyl)thiophosphorictriamide (NBPT) and thiophosphoryltriamide (TPT)], and three phosphorictriamides, [N-(n-butyl)phosphorictriamide (NBPTO), phosphoryltriamide (PT) and cyclohexylphosphorictriamide (CHPT)], to inhibit urease activity in flooded soils in the presence or absence of photosynthetic algae was evaluated in laboratory experiments. Both TPT and its oxygen analogue PT were poor inhibitors of urease activity in these flooded soils in the presence or absence of algae. In the absence of photosynthetic algae, the rate of urea hydrolysis was retarded slightly by the addition of NBPT. However, in the presence of algae the capacity of NBPT to inhibit urease activity was enhanced considerably. It appears that the oxygen produced by the photosynthetic algae resulted in more rapid conversion of the pro inhibitor NBPT to NBPTO, which is the effective urease inhibitor. The phosphorictriamides CHPT and NBPTO were significantly better than the other compounds for retarding urease activity, and CHPT ranked above NBPTO as a urease inhibitor. In the presence of photosynthetic algae the effectiveness of these inhibitors appears to be reduced, and this seems to be related to algal uptake of nitrogen and more rapid volatilization of ammonia and nitrification. The results suggest that the phosphorictriamides CHPT and NBPTO in conjunction with an algicide, to control the growth of floodwater algae, have the potential to considerably reduce ammonia loss from flooded rice soils.
JF  - Soil Biology and Biochemistry
AU  - Keerthisinghe, D G
AU  - Freney, J R
AD  - Div. Plant Ind., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1527
EP  - 1533
VL  - 26
IS  - 11
SN  - 0038-0717, 0038-0717
KW  - urease
KW  - soil
KW  - enzymatic activity
KW  - phosphorictriamides
KW  - rice fields
KW  - soil water
KW  - ureas
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - flooding
KW  - fertilizers
KW  - agricultural practices
KW  - ammonia
KW  - algae
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - D 04600:Soil
KW  - K 03019:Algae
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia; fertilizers; algae; soil water; flooding; ureas; agricultural practices; soil; enzymatic activity; rice fields
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The significance of egg size variation in butterflies in relation to hostplant quality
AN  - 16605172; 3667607
AB  - Females of three tropical satyrine butterflies in the genus Mycalesis lay variable-sized eggs. The species also differ substantially in their mean egg weights with M. perseus laying smaller eggs than M. terminus and M. sirius. The adaptive significance of the egg size variation was examined in relation to three offspring fitness components: larval survival, larval developmental time and pupal weight, to establish if larvae derived from heavier eggs were in any way better than those derived from lighter eggs when reared on different hostplant qualities varying in leaf toughness and nitrogen content. When the three species were reared on the tougher nitrogen-poor host quality (Panicum-intermediate category) larvae from heavier eggs had significantly better chance of surviving and reaching adulthood than those from lighter eggs. However, when larvae were reared on the softer nitrogen-rich host quality (Panicum-soft category) the advantage to heavier eggs diminished in M. terminus and M. sirius, but not in M. perseus. Egg weight was also positively correlated with subsequent pupal weight in M. perseus for both male and female larvae reared on Panicum-soft, and with larval development rate in M. sirius (both sexes) when reared on Themeda - a hostplant known to be of poor quality for M. sirius. The positive correlation between egg size and offspring fitness suggests that under field conditions larvae from larger eggs may do better than those from smaller eggs when conditions are unfavourable, for example, adverse climate or poor host quality. Moreover, a strong positive correlation between egg size and the width of the head capsule of newly emerged first instar larvae suggests that larvae from larger eggs have bigger mandibles and therefore potentially able to chew and survive better on tougher foliage. Potential selective pressures likely to influence egg size in these satyrines and other butterflies are discussed.
JF  - Oikos
AU  - Braby, M F
AD  - CSIRO Div. Entomol., G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 119
EP  - 129
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
SN  - 0030-1299, 0030-1299
KW  - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - food quality
KW  - eggs
KW  - fitness
KW  - host plants
KW  - Lepidoptera
KW  - D 04659:Insects
KW  - Z 05192:Reproductive behavior
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lepidoptera; eggs; host plants; food quality; fitness
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of genotoxic and other effects in mice following short term repeated-dose and subchronic inhalation exposure to phosphine
AN  - 16601323; 3659636
AB  - Phosphine is an important fumigant in the grain industry and has been reported to be genotoxic in occupationally exposed fumigators. This study reports on the effects of phosphine inhalation exposure at up to, and exceeding, occupational relevant levels in a subchronic (0.3, 1.0 and 4.5 ppm, 13 weeks) and a short term repeated-dose (5.5 ppm, 2 weeks) study in both sexes of Balb-c mice. It is concluded that phosphine is weakly genotoxic in both sexes of mice, and has an effect on weight gain. However, the weak genotoxic effect may not be biologically significant as it was seen only in the subchronic study and only at the highest test concentration of 4.5 ppm (approaching the LD sub(50)). Although such exposure conditions are unlikely to be encountered in an occupational environment, caution should continue to be exercised in the use of phosphine until more data become available.
JF  - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
AU  - Barbosa, A
AU  - Rosinova, E
AU  - Dempsey, J
AU  - Bonin, A M
AD  - Toxicol. Unit, Worksafe Australia, GPO Box 58, Sydney NSW 2001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 81
EP  - 88
VL  - 24
IS  - 2
SN  - 0893-6692, 0893-6692
KW  - phosphine
KW  - mice
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - inhalation
KW  - genotoxicity
KW  - fumigants
KW  - X 24135:Biochemistry
KW  - G 07221:Specific chemicals
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; inhalation; fumigants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sustainable management of Bass Strait scallops
AN  - 16600304; 3662015
AB  - The history of scallop fishing in Bass Strait, its management and research is briefly reviewed. The extent of the known biology and ecology of the species is discussed in relation to the current management of the fishery, and an assessment of the current policy is presented. Growth and recruitment overfishing as it relates to this fishery is discussed in light of the "two spawnings" criterion underpinning the current management plan.
JF  - Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. Brisbane
AU  - McLoughlin, R J
AD  - Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., G.P.O. Box 619F, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 307
EP  - 314
VL  - 36
IS  - 2
SN  - 0079-8835, 0079-8835
KW  - Australia, Bass Strait
KW  - fishery policy
KW  - fishery resources
KW  - overfishing
KW  - population decline
KW  - scallop fisheries
KW  - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - fishery management
KW  - Pecten fumatus
KW  - historical account
KW  - commercial species
KW  - PSE, Australia, Bass Strait
KW  - ecology
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - O 5080:Legal/Governmental
KW  - D 04658:Molluscs
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - historical account; commercial species; overfishing; scallop fisheries; fishery policy; fishery management; ecology; fishery resources; population decline; Pecten fumatus; PSE, Australia, Bass Strait; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The I sub(X)E sub(A) index as an alternative to the El sub(30) erosivity index
AN  - 16599662; 3660208
AB  - The EI sub(30) index used for the rainfall-runoff factor (R) in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) modeling environment was originally developed from the empirical observation that soil loss increases with rainfall amount and the intensity of the rainfall event. Modern understanding of rainfall erosion processes provides for more process-based indices. In an analysis of erosion data from nonvegetated plots at Holly Springs, Mississippi, the I sub(x)E sub(A) index, an index that is based on the product of the excess rainfall rate (I sub(x)) and the rate of expenditure of rain kinetic energy (E sub(A)), is shown to be superior to the EI sub(30) index. Apart from accounting for the processes of detachment and transport better than the EI sub(30) index, the index provides an opportunity to consider the effects of hydrology more directly within the USLE environment than is currently possible. However, including more direct consideration of hydrology within R is likely to affect a number of other USLE factors. These effects have yet to be evaluated.
JF  - Transactions of the ASAE
AU  - Kinnell, PIA
AU  - McGregor, K C
AU  - Rosewell, C J
AD  - Div. Soils, CSIRO, GPO Box 639, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1449
EP  - 1456
VL  - 37
IS  - 5
SN  - 0001-2351, 0001-2351
KW  - Universal Soil Loss Equation
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - hydrology
KW  - model studies
KW  - rainfall intensity
KW  - erosion
KW  - rainfall
KW  - runoff
KW  - soil erosion
KW  - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - erosion; rainfall; runoff; soil erosion; model studies; hydrology; rainfall intensity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - ORF C4 of tomato leaf curl geminivirus is a determinant of symptom severity
AN  - 16597734; 3663980
AB  - A tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) mutant has been constructed in vitro that contains T-to-C replacements at nucleotides 2457 and 2463 within the C4 open reading frame (ORF). The mutations destroy the two possible initiator AUG codons for the C4 ORF without disrupting the coding capacity of the C1 ORF which entirely overlaps the C4 ORF. Agroinoculation of the C4 mutant TLCV into three alternative experimental hosts for the virus (Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, and Nicotiana tabacum) gives rise to infections which show dramatically reduced symptoms when compared to a wild-type infection, while retaining wild-type levels of all viral DNA species. In most cases the mutations were stably inherited by progeny virus. However, a single tomato plant inoculated with the mutant developed phenotypically wild-type symptoms and was subsequently shown to contain progeny virus in which the mutation at position 2457 had reverted to wild-type sequence, indicating that this AUG may be the site of initiation of translation of the C4 product in the wild-type virus. The results suggest that the C4 ORF encodes a polypeptide which is not required by TLCV to replicate or to spread through the host plant, but is involved in symptom development.
JF  - Virology
AU  - Rigden, JE
AU  - Krake, L R
AU  - Rezaian, MA
AU  - Dry, IB
AD  - CSIRO Div. Horticult., GPO Box 350, Adelaide 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 847
EP  - 850
VL  - 204
IS  - 2
SN  - 0042-6822, 0042-6822
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts
KW  - codons
KW  - translation
KW  - Datura stramonium
KW  - tomato yellow leaf curl virus
KW  - phenotypes
KW  - site-directed mutagenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - hosts
KW  - A 01028:Others
KW  - V 22050:Viral genetics including virus reactivation
KW  - W2 32060:Microorganisms
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - translation; codons; phenotypes; hosts; DNA; site-directed mutagenesis; tomato yellow leaf curl virus; Datura stramonium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Production, characterization, and application of monoclonal antibodies to Vibrio cholerae O139 synonym Bengal
AN  - 16596304; 3685605
AB  - Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were derived against acetone-treated whole cells of the newly recognized Vibrio cholerae O139 serogroup which is causing epidemics of cholera-like disease in India and Bangladesh. Four MAbs specifically recognized the lipopolysaccharide antigens of V. cholerae O139. MAbs ICL9 and ICL13 were of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) isotype, ICL11 was of the IgG3 isotype, and ICL12 was of the Ig2b isotype. A fifth MAb, ICL10, of the IgG2b isotype cross-reacted with V. cholerae O91. All five MAbs recognized V. cholerae O139 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, slide agglutination test, motility inhibition test, and indirect immunofluorescence test. During a 1-month evaluation of these MAbs in our clinical laboratory, all 86 cases diagnosed as V. cholerae O139 by a rabbit polyclonal antiserum were also detected by these MAbs, establishing their utility as highly sensitive and specific diagnostic reagents. With these MAbs, it should now be possible to screen for the V. cholerae O139 serogroup in epidemic and endemic diarrhea cases and in environmental and food samples.
JF  - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology
AU  - Qadri, F
AU  - Azim, T
AU  - Chowdhury, A
AU  - Hossain, J
AU  - Sack, R B
AU  - Albert, MJ
AD  - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR, B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 51
EP  - 54
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SN  - 1071-412X, 1071-412X
KW  - lipopolysaccharides
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - cholera
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
KW  - W3 33375:Antibodies
KW  - F 06711:Monoclonal antibodies, hybridomas, antigens and antisera
KW  - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cholera; monoclonal antibodies; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Vibrio cholerae
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental control of flowering of Boronia megastigma (Rutaceae) and Hypocalymma angustifolium (Myrtaceae)
AN  - 16595577; 3648560
AB  - The flowering responses of Boronia megastigma Nees (Rutacae) and Hypocalymma angustifolium Endl. (Myrtaceae) to different photoperiod and temperature regimes were similar despite the fact that these species are from different families. No flowers reached anthesis in a temperature regime of 25 degree C day/17 degree C night but flowering of both species occurred in a cool temperatures (17 degree C day/9 degree C night). Photoperiod had no effect on flowering at the temperatures tested. Ten weeks of cool temperatures (17 degree C day/9 degree C night) were required for a maximum number of flowers to reach anthesis on H. angustifolium plants whereas B. megastigma plants required 15 weeks. Flower development in both species was inhibited by a large difference between day and night temperature (21 degree C day/5 degree C night) and promoted if the day/night difference was reversed (9 degree C day/17 degree C night). The temperature of the aerial parts of the plant controlled flowering, whereas vegetative growth was controlled by root temperature. Therefore, while a reduction in vegetative growth naturally coincides with the production of flowers, these events are not necessarily linked.
JF  - Australian Journal of Botany
AU  - Day, J S
AU  - Loveys, B R
AU  - Aspinall, D
AD  - Dep. Biochem., Otago Univ., GPO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 219
EP  - 229
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
SN  - 0067-1924, 0067-1924
KW  - Boronia megastigma
KW  - Hypocalymma angustifolium
KW  - temperature
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - flowering
KW  - photoperiods
KW  - D 04640:Other angiosperms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - flowering; photoperiods
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal
AN  - 16590616; 3642851
JF  - Journal of Clinical Microbiology
AU  - John Albert, M
AD  - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 2345
EP  - 2349
VL  - 32
IS  - 10
SN  - 0095-1137, 0095-1137
KW  - lipopolysaccharides
KW  - Bengal
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - morphology
KW  - antigenic determinants
KW  - Vibrio cholerae
KW  - reviews
KW  - toxins
KW  - electron microscopy
KW  - J 02823:In vitro and in vivo effects
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio cholerae; antigenic determinants; toxins; electron microscopy; morphology; reviews
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of piroxicam and misoprostol on cytokine release from human liver immune cells
AN  - 16590600; 3631484
AB  - In this preliminary study, we have investigated the effects of various immune modulators on the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1 and IL-6), and prostaglandin E sub(2) (PGE) by immune cells obtained from three human livers. Cytokine and PGE release after 36 hr in culture were measured by cytokine-specific cellular bioassays and competitive radioimmunoassay, respectively. Basal IL release was readily detectable; however, TNF levels were negligible (i.e., IL-6> IL-1>TNF). There was a marked difference in the basal release of cytokines and PGE for the three human tissues, particularly between adult and juvenile subjects. The addition of either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or exogenous IL-1 stimulated the release of cytokines and the subsequent "IL-1 inhibitory-feedback" response, the latter characterized by an elevation in endogenous PGE production. Piroxicam, the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, abolished PGE production by control and LPS-treated cells.
JF  - In Vitro Toxicology
AU  - Wright, PFA
AU  - Stacey, N H
AU  - Haynes
AD  - Key Cent. Appl. and Nutr. Toxicol., RMIT Univ., GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 113
EP  - 118
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
SN  - 0888-319X, 0888-319X
KW  - piroxicam
KW  - misoprostol
KW  - cytokines
KW  - tumor necrosis factor
KW  - prostaglandin E2
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts
KW  - interleukin 1
KW  - interleukin 6
KW  - immunomodulation
KW  - liver
KW  - man
KW  - F 06774:Other cytokines (TNF, GM-CSF)
KW  - X 24117:Biochemistry
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immunomodulation; liver; man; interleukin 1; interleukin 6
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differences in the immune responses of mice and sheep to an aromatic-dependent mutant of Salmonella typhimurium
AN  - 16589228; 3642742
AB  - A live mutant aroA Salmonella serotype typhimurium ovine strain (S25/1) could be cultured from tissues of mice for up to 90 days after oral infection. Following vaccination, high levels of Salmonella-specific serum IgM, IgG and IgA were produced in addition to high levels of specific intestinal IgA. Moreover, there was also evidence of Salmonella-specific cell-mediated immunity in vaccinated mice in the form of strong delayed-type hypersensitivity and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN- tau ) by spleen cells stimulated with Salmonella antigen. The aroA strain was also recovered from the mesenteric lymph nodes and most tissues examined from sheep vaccinated by the oral route. Salmonella-specific IgM was detected in the serum; however, specific IgG responses were very low and there was an absence of specific copro-antibody. Although strong Salmonella-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses were detected, they did not result in the production of IFN- tau and flow cytometric analysis revealed that the proliferating cells were predominantly B lymphocytes. Despite the absence of strong vaccine-specific immune responses in vaccinated sheep compared with those seen in mice, both mice and sheep were protected against challenge with virulent wild-type strain S25/1.
JF  - Journal of Medical Microbiology
AU  - Brennan
AU  - Oliver, J J
AU  - Baird, G D
AD  - Dep. Biochem., Rush-Presbyterian St Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 20
EP  - 28
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
SN  - 0022-2615, 0022-2615
KW  - mice
KW  - sheep
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - immunogenicity
KW  - immune response (humoral)
KW  - hypersensitivity (delayed)
KW  - Salmonella typhimurium
KW  - vaccination
KW  - F 06807:Active immunization
KW  - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; immunogenicity; immune response (humoral); vaccination; hypersensitivity (delayed)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparing polynomial and von Bertalanffy growth functions for fitting tag-recapture data
AN  - 16588879; 3674369
AB  - The properties of polynomial and von Bertalanffy growth functions are compared for analysing data from tag-recapture experiments in which fish are recaptured once. For the quadratic and von Bertalanffy growth functions, explicit formulae are obtained for the expected growth increment in terms of length-at-release, time-at-liberty, and the function parameters. If the least-squares fitting technique is used the von Bertalanffy function fits tag-recapture data with no more bias (probably less) than any other growth function, including polynomial growth functions. A bias-reduction technique for fitting the von Bertalanffy growth function to tag-recapture data is not applicable to other growth functions. We conclude that, apart from the straight line, the von Bertalanffy growth function is the one with the most desirable mathematical and statistical properties for fitting to tag-recapture data. The matter of the function that best characterises the way a specific fish species grows can be adequately addressed only by analyses of multiple measurements of individual fish.
JF  - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
AU  - Hearn, W S
AU  - Leigh, G M
AD  - CSIRO Div. Fish., Mar. Lab., G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tas., 7001 Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1689
EP  - 1691
VL  - 51
IS  - 8
SN  - 0706-652X, 0706-652X
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - Pisces
KW  - statistical analysis
KW  - capture-recapture studies
KW  - methodology
KW  - growth
KW  - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications
KW  - D 04668:Fish
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pisces; capture-recapture studies; growth; statistical analysis; methodology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Spatial patterning in young stands of Pinus sylvestris in relation to mortality caused by the snow blight pathogen Phacidium infestans
AN  - 16587838; 3672773
AB  - In two young (5-10 year old) populations of Pinus sylvestris, severe infection by the pathogen Phacidium infestans led to significant mortality. Previous studies of this interaction have shown some evidence of density-dependence. Analyses of the spatial distribution of surviving individuals was performed using two contrasting methods based on: (1) a dispersion index; and (2) on nearest neighbour distances. In all situations changes in the degree of aggregation were more obvious in analyses based on the frequency of individuals in small areas (dispersion index) than in those based on the distance between nearest neighbours. These methods detected trends both away from aggregated towards more random patterns of distribution (site 1: two plots) and towards greater aggregation (site 2: one plot). In one of the former areas, the distribution of surviving P. sylvestris individuals was still significantly aggregated after four years, while in the other, the pattern approached spatial randomness. Increasing aggregation on the second site probably has resulted from a complicating biotic interaction between the pathogen and other plant species.
JF  - Oikos
AU  - Burdon, J J
AU  - Wennstroem, A
AU  - Mueller, W J
AU  - Ericson, L
AD  - Div. Plant Ind., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra City, A.C.T. 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 130
EP  - 136
VL  - 71
IS  - 1
SN  - 0030-1299, 0030-1299
KW  - Phacidium infestans
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - spatial distribution
KW  - Pinus sylvestris
KW  - mortality
KW  - pathogens
KW  - K 03089:Fungi: plant
KW  - D 04635:Conifers
KW  - D 04623:Fungi
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus sylvestris; spatial distribution; mortality; pathogens
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of human trampling on the sub-Antarctic vegetation of Macquarie Island
AN  - 16583195; 3634570
AB  - The effects of trampling on six types of vegetation and their underlying soils were investigated on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island. One hundred and fifty foot-passes per year for at least the past 10 years have occurred on a typical 6-km stretch of walking track on the island's upland plateau. Trampling favours vascular plants including exotics, especially Poa annua, while bryophytes and lichens are more common in undisturbed vegetation. The abundance of 19 of the 39 most common species appears to be affected by trampling. Track width is positively correlated with exposure and wet soils, and trampling increases the soil bulk density of the track. The contrast between the soil bulk density of the trampled and untrampled soils increases with increasing exposure. While present environmental damage is within an acceptable range over the majority of the island, the extreme environments are likely to suffer unacceptable levels of damage if increased usage occurs with more tourism or expansion of scientific and related activities. This is demonstrated by the diversion of a short section of plateau track in an atypically heavily used area; the diversion sustained substantial damage after 890 foot-passes during a 15-month period.
JF  - Polar Record
AU  - Scott, J J
AU  - Kirkpatrick, J B
AD  - Dep. Geogr. and Environ. Stud., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 207
EP  - 220
VL  - 30
IS  - 174
SN  - 0032-2474, 0032-2474
KW  - Ecology Abstracts
KW  - trampling
KW  - vegetation patterns
KW  - human impact
KW  - Macquarie I.
KW  - soil
KW  - D 04712:Environmental degradation
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Macquarie I.; human impact; vegetation patterns; soil; trampling
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Complement activation by whole endotoxin is blocked by a monoclonal antibody to factor B
AN  - 16582858; 3636474
AB  - Sepsis is both a common and, despite present-day therapy, a serious disease. The pathophysiology of the septic response is a complex, multifactorial phenomenon which in part involves the activation of complement by bacterial endotoxin. A monoclonal antibody to human complement factor B, code-named 1H5, which was capable of specifically inhibiting the alternative pathway of complement activation at concentrations as low as 1 mu g/ml, is described. This agent had no effect on the classical pathway of complement activation. It was capable of preventing the activation of complement by even high concentrations (0.1 mg/ml) of whole endotoxin; however, it was ineffective in preventing activation of complement by endotoxin derived from a rough mutant. This agent could potentially be used in the treatment of sepsis.
JF  - Infection and Immunity
AU  - Clardy, C W
AD  - Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Med. Cent., 1753 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 4549
EP  - 4555
VL  - 62
IS  - 10
SN  - 0019-9567, 0019-9567
KW  - complement factor B
KW  - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - endotoxins
KW  - treatment
KW  - monoclonal antibodies
KW  - complement
KW  - blocking
KW  - sepsis
KW  - man
KW  - activation
KW  - F 06087:Function
KW  - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.atitle=Complement+activation+by+whole+endotoxin+is+blocked+by+a+monoclonal+antibody+to+factor+B&rft.au=Clardy%2C+C+W&rft.aulast=Clardy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Infection+and+Immunity&rft.issn=00199567&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sepsis; treatment; complement; endotoxins; monoclonal antibodies; blocking; activation; man
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Catch and effort analysis of the reef fisheries of Jamaica and Belize
AN  - 16582666; 3634462
AB  - The catch and effort of reef fisheries in seven areas of Belize and in six of south Jamaica were intensively surveyed to provide data for area-based surplus-production models (SPM) to manage these fisheries. Data were normalized to area of productive habitat. SPM's could not be defined for the Belizean or Jamaican data treated separately because the slopes of the relationships between catch per unit of effort and effort were nonsignificant and positive. This appeared to be due 1) to violations of the model's assumptions (catch composition was heterogeneous because fishermen target spawning aggregations and migratory fishes at particular sites) and 2) to possible differences in community composition among areas (the communities were not at equilibrium and productivity possibly differed among sites). Other assumptions had been violated by previous area-based SPM's so that the level of exploitation on the south Jamaican shelf has been seriously underestimated in recent decades. Although a SPM could be defined for the combined Jamaica-Belize data set, we conclude that these models should be used with caution in reef fisheries management because underlying assumptions are likely to be seriously violated. The surveys indicate, however, that levels of catch per unit of effort, catch, and effort in the south Jamaican reef fishery are significantly lower than those of 10 years ago. Depletion of a wide range of fish groups has apparently led to a decline in the equilibrium productivity of the fishery.
JF  - Fishery Bulletin
AU  - Koslow, JA
AU  - Aiken, K
AU  - Auil, S
AU  - Clementson, A
AD  - CSIRO Div. Fish., Mar. Lab. GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 737
EP  - 747
VL  - 92
IS  - 4
SN  - 0090-0656, 0090-0656
KW  - ASW, Greater Antilles, Jamaica
KW  - Caribbean Sea
KW  - catch/effort
KW  - reef fisheries
KW  - statistical models
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - Marine
KW  - community composition
KW  - ASW, Belize
KW  - fishery management
KW  - D 04700:Management
KW  - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; reef fisheries; fishery management; statistical models; catch/effort; ASW, Belize; Marine
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The use of low rank coal-based adsorbents for the removal of nitrophenol from aqueous solution
AN  - 16581898; 3667133
AB  - A range of Victorian brown coal based materials (Yallourn brown coal, grus, briquette char, power station char and an activated carbon) have been assessed as potential adsorbents for the removal of organics from aqueous wastes. The compound 4-nitrophenol has been used as the adsorbate. The influence of adsorbent dosage levels, particle size, and the presence of buffer solution components, other electrolytes, and pH on the kinetics of adsorption of nitrophenol have been investigated. For some adsorbents, pH changes in the acidic region appear to have little influence on adsorption rates of nitrophenol, but for chars, reduced pH conditions appear to reduce adsorption rates. In the alkaline pH range, leaching from some of the adsorbents occurs, with the extent of leaching reducing as the carbon content of the adsorbent increases. Adsorption capacities for Yallourn coal, grus, briquette char and power station char using nitrophenol in phosphate buffer have been measured. The technique of differential pulse polarography has been shown to be useful as a means of measuring nitrophenol adsorption in situ for concentrations up to 30 mg l super(-1).
JF  - Fuel
AU  - Hobday, MD
AU  - Li, Pam HY
AU  - Crewdson, D M
AU  - Bhargava, S K
AD  - Dep. Appl. Chem., Royal Melbourne Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1848
EP  - 1854
VL  - 73
IS  - 12
SN  - 0016-2361, 0016-2361
KW  - nitrophenol
KW  - Pollution Abstracts
KW  - coal
KW  - liquid wastes
KW  - organic matter
KW  - adsorption
KW  - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coal; adsorption; organic matter; liquid wastes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The genetic control of heterochrony: Evidence from developmental mutants of Pisum sativum L.
AN  - 16581846; 3641358
AB  - Heterochrony, as a means of evolution in which the rate or timing of developmental events of the descendant is altered compared with that of the ancestor, is of significance because it suggests that rapid and dramatic morphological changes are possible with few genetic changes. The putative origin of plant taxa by this means of evolution is becoming increasingly frequent in the literature but there is little evidence of the extent of the genetic change necessary to alter the timing of developmental events to produce such changes. This study shows that the onset of flowering can be altered independently from the vegetative transition in leaf form in at least one genotype of Pisum in response to different environments. Further, it identifies 9 mutations that act in a heterochronic manner to produce dramatic morphological changes that can be described as progenesis, neoteny, hypermorphosis or acceleration. In addition, it is demonstrated that the same heterochronic process (e.g. progenesis) may be caused by genes controlling distinctly different physiological processes. It is suggested that Pisum is an ideal model species for studies of heterochrony and that few genetic changes are necessary to bring about dramatic heterochronic changes.
JF  - Journal of Evolutionary Biology
AU  - Wiltshire, RJE
AU  - Murfet, I C
AU  - Reid, J B
AD  - Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 447
EP  - 465
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
SN  - 1010-061X, 1010-061X
KW  - heterochrony
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - morphology
KW  - developmental stages
KW  - genetic factors
KW  - Pisum sativum
KW  - evolution
KW  - G 07270:Ecological genetics
KW  - D 04637:Legumes
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pisum sativum; evolution; morphology; genetic factors; developmental stages
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Faecal pollution of freshwater environments in Bangladesh
AN  - 16573178; 3639021
AB  - The sanitary quality of any water source is conventionally measured by estimating the concentration of faecal coliform bacteria. An investigation was carried out over 12 months to determine the faecal pollution of 5 ponds in and around Dhaka city from May 1988 to April 1989. The results showed that four of the 5 studied ponds, were heavily polluted by faecal matter. These data suggested that these ponds are potential sources of health hazards which is important from a public health point of view.
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Studies
AU  - Islam
AU  - Alam, MJ
AU  - Khan, SI
AU  - Huq, A
AD  - Int. Cent. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 161
EP  - 165
VL  - 46
IS  - 2-3
SN  - 0020-7233, 0020-7233
KW  - Bangladesh, Dhaka
KW  - coliforms
KW  - fecal coliforms
KW  - freshwater environments
KW  - freshwater pollution
KW  - pollution surveys
KW  - sanitation
KW  - sewage disposal
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts
KW  - water quality
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - water pollution
KW  - ponds
KW  - bacteria
KW  - public health
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
KW  - A 01108:Other water systems
KW  - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ponds; water quality; bacteria; pollution surveys; freshwater pollution; sewage disposal; water pollution; public health; sanitation; coliforms; freshwater environments; fecal coliforms; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The crystal structure of the bacterial chaperonin GroEL at 2.8 angstroms
AN  - 16571214; 3635545
AB  - The crystal structure of Escherichia coli GroEL shows a porous cylinder of 14 subunits made of two nearly 7-fold rotationally symmetrical rings stacked back-to-back with dyad symmetry. The subunits consist of three domains: a large equatorial domain that forms the foundation of the assembly at its waist and holds the rings together; a large loosely structured apical domain that forms the ends of the cylinder; and a small slender intermediate domain that connects the two, creating side windows. The three-dimensional structure places most of the mutationally defined functional sites on the channel walls and its outward invaginations, and at the ends of the cylinder.
JF  - Nature
AU  - Braig, K
AU  - Otwinowski, Z
AU  - Hegde, R
AU  - Boisvert, D C
AU  - Joachimlak, A
AU  - Horwich, AL
AU  - Sigler, P B
AD  - Howard Hughes Med. Inst., Yale Univ. Sch. Med., Boyer Cent., 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 578
EP  - 586
VL  - 371
IS  - 6498
SN  - 0028-0836, 0028-0836
KW  - chaperonin GroEL
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - crystal structure
KW  - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; crystal structure
ER  - 



TY  - CONF
T1  - Expression of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein genes in transgenic crop plants
AN  - 16569884; 3633118
AB  - The crystals and spores of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used for many years as microbially produced insecticides with mixed success. Many of the problems of using Bt as a spray, such as environmental inactivation of the proteins or poor crop coverage, can be circumvented by modern genetic engineering techniques. These can now be used to transfer the genes for the toxic Bt crystal proteins from the bacteria into crop plants and so protect them from attack by economically important insect pests. For many years, the two major obstacles limiting the potential commercial use of transgenic plants expressing these insecticidal Bt proteins were the introduction of Bt genes into important agricultural species and having them expressed at sufficiently high levels to achieve insect control. Many of the technical limitations have now been overcome and the first commercial releases of transgenic insect resistant crops, like cotton are now, or soon will be, in the hands of regulatory bodies. Transgenic seed should hopefully come on the market over the next 4 or 5 years if general approval is given. One of the major considerations that might delay commercialisation is the possibility that insects may become resistant to the Bt proteins expressed in transgenic plants. Considerable research into the deployment of transgenic Bt plants on farms and/or in the production of multiply resistant transgenic plants will still be needed to ensure the effective use of this valuable agricultural resource.
JF  - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
AU  - Llewellyn, D
AU  - Cousins, Y
AU  - Mathews, A
AU  - Hartweck, L
AU  - Lyon, B
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 85
EP  - 93
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
KW  - cry gene
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - biological control
KW  - cloning
KW  - toxins
KW  - pest control
KW  - transgenic plants
KW  - Bacillus thuringiensis
KW  - genes
KW  - W2 32065:Plants
KW  - A 01012:Nucleic acids & metabolites
KW  - W2 32445:Pest control
KW  - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inhibition of urease activity in flooded soils by phenylphosphorodiamidate and N-(n-butyl) thiophosphorictriamide
AN  - 16569346; 3641126
AB  - Rapid urea hydrolysis and loss of nitrogen from flooded rice soils by ammonia volatilization could be reduced by the use of effective urease inhibitors. The compounds phenylphosphorodiamidate (PPD), N-(n-butyl)thiophosphorictriamide (NBPT), N-(diaminophosphinyl)benzamide (DAPB) and acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) were tested in two flooded soils in laboratory experiments for their ability to prevent urea hydrolysis. In a vertisol with high urease activity, DAPB and AHA had little effect on the rate of the urea hydrolysis, irrespective of the rate of addition. The rate of urea hydrolysis was slowed by addition of PPD and NBPT at very high rates of application (10% of the weight of urea); after 8 days, 42 and 25%, respectively, of the added urea remained in the floodwater and soil. The effectiveness of the NBPT was increased by bubbling oxygen into the floodwater and by adding hydrogen peroxide; these treatments caused more rapid conversion of part of the NBPT to its oxygen analogue (which is the active urease inhibitor). Mixtures of PPD and NBPT were more effective than either inhibitor alone. Initially PPD inhibited soil urease, allowing sufficient time for NBPT to be converted to the oxygen analogue. Then as the effectiveness of the PPD declined, the oxygen analogue of NBPT inhibited urea hydrolysis. The results suggest that this mixture has the potential to improve the efficiency of urea utilization in flooded rice fields.
JF  - Soil Biology and Biochemistry
AU  - Luo, Qui-Xiang
AU  - Freney, J R
AU  - Keerthisinghe, D G
AU  - Peoples, M B
AD  - Div. Plant Ind., CSIRO, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 1059
EP  - 1065
VL  - 26
IS  - 8
SN  - 0038-0717, 0038-0717
KW  - N-(n-butyl)thiophosphorictriamide
KW  - urease
KW  - enzymatic activity
KW  - soil
KW  - flooded soils
KW  - rice
KW  - nitrogen
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - fertilizers
KW  - soil types
KW  - agriculture
KW  - SW 0845:Water in soils
KW  - D 04600:Soil
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil types; rice; agriculture; fertilizers; nitrogen; enzymatic activity; soil; flooded soils
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Residues in chaperonin GroEL required for polypeptide binding and release
AN  - 16568879; 3635548
AB  - Chaperonins are ring-shaped protein complexes that are essential in the cell, mediating ATP-dependent polypeptide folding in a variety of compartments. Recent studies suggest that they function through multiple rounds of binding and release of non-native proteins: with each round of ATP-driven release into the bulk solution, a substrate protein kinetically partitions between folding to the native state or rebinding to another chaperonin molecule. To gain further insight into the mechanism of polypeptide binding and release by the chaperonin GroEL from Escherichia coli, we have undertaken a mutational analysis that relates the functional properties of GroEL to its crystal structure. Our functional tests identify a putative polypeptide-binding site on the inside surface of the apical domain, facing the central channel, consisting of hydrophobic residues. These same residues are essential for binding of the co-chaperonin GroEL, which is required for productive polypeptide release. A highly conserved residue. Asp 87, positioned within a putative nucleotide-binding pocket in the top of the equatorial domain, is essential for ATP hydrolysis and polypeptide release.
JF  - Nature
AU  - Fenton, WA
AU  - Kashi, Y
AU  - Furtak, K
AU  - Horwich, AL
AD  - Howard Hughes Med. Inst., Yale Univ. Sch. Med., Boyer Cent., 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06510, USA
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 614
EP  - 619
VL  - 371
IS  - 6498
SN  - 0028-0836, 0028-0836
KW  - chaperonin GroEL
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology
KW  - Escherichia coli
KW  - binding
KW  - polypeptides
KW  - release
KW  - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; polypeptides; binding; release
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - On the temperature dependence of soil respiration
AN  - 16568041; 3649173
AB  - From previously published measurements of soil respiration rate (R) and temperature (T) the goodness of fit of various R vs T relationships was evaluated. Exponential (Q sub(10)) and conventional Arrhenius relationships between T and R cannot provide an unbiased estimate of respiration rate. Nor is a simple linear relationship appropriate. The relationship between R and T can, however, be accurately represented by an Arrhenius type equation where the effective activation energy for respiration varies inversely with temperature. An empirical equation is presented which yields an unbiased estimator of respiration rates over a wide range of temperatures. When combined with seasonal estimates of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) the empirical relationship derived provides representative estimates of the seasonal cycle of net ecosystem productivity and its effects on atmospheric CO sub(2). The predicted seasonal cycle of net ecosystem productivity is very sensitive to the assumed respiration vs temperature relationship. For biomes in areas where soil temperatures are low, soil respiration rate is relatively more sensitive to fluctuations in temperature. Nevertheless, more information is required before any predictions can be made about changes in soil carbon pools in response to future temperature changes.
JF  - Functional Ecology
AU  - Lloyd, J
AU  - Taylor, JA
AD  - Environ. Biol. Group, Australian Natl. Univ., GPO Box 475, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 315
EP  - 323
VL  - 8
IS  - 3
SN  - 0269-8463, 0269-8463
KW  - soil
KW  - temperature
KW  - carbon dioxide
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts
KW  - respiration
KW  - soil temperature
KW  - soil properties
KW  - A 01047:General
KW  - SW 0830:Evaporation and transpiration
KW  - D 04600:Soil
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - temperature; respiration; carbon dioxide; soil properties; soil temperature; soil
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determination of trace levels of diazinon and propetamphos in water and sewage by solid phase extraction
AN  - 16348874; 4287973
AB  - An analytical method is described for the determination of the organophosphorus pesticides diazinon and propetamphos in water and in sewage, at levels ranging from 0.01-1.0 mg/L. The method involves solid phase extraction using C-18 Bond Elut cartridges, elution with ether, and solvent change to hexane. Quantification of the pesticide is by temperature programmed capillary gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector. Recoveries of diazinon are between 98-102% from water and between 70-80% from activated sludge biomass. These results are compared with a more polar organophosphate, propetamphos, for which the recovery from both water and biomass is close to 100%.
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
AU  - Villarosa, L
AU  - McCormick, MJ
AU  - Carpenter, P D
AU  - Marriott, P J
AD  - Department of Applied Chemistry, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, City Campus, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 93
EP  - 103
VL  - 54
IS  - 2
SN  - 0306-7319, 0306-7319
KW  - diazinon
KW  - propetamphos
KW  - solid phase extraction
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
ER  - 



TY  - CONF
T1  - Overview of the Revised Management Procedure
AN  - 15978112; 4077978
AB  - The question is asked as to how successful the Revised Management Procedure(RMP) will be. Compared to other management procedures for marine fish species, the RMP is the most thoroughly researched and intensively tested. The number of tests conducted to assess robustness is the highest for any fisheries management procedure in the world. The hypotheses considered during the testing process included any considered to be plausible, and some which were almost certainly implausible and certainly the most conservative management procedure designed for a marine resource to date -- the initial catch limit for an unexploited resource is roughly 0.5% of the estimate of carrying capacity if surveys with the precision typical of those conducted in the Antarctic are used to obtain the first abundance estimate. The RMP has been shown to set very low catch limits for worst case scenarios such as a population which is initially depleted to 30% of its carrying capacity and for which the productivity is equal to the lowest value considered plausible.
JF  - Fisheries Centre research reports. Vancouver BC [FISH. CENT. RES. REP.]. Vol. 1, no. 1. 1994.
AU  - Punt, A
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
KW  - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts
KW  - Marine
KW  - international agreements
KW  - World Oceans
KW  - marine mammals
KW  - whaling
KW  - resource conservation
KW  - moratoria
KW  - resource management
KW  - whaling statistics
KW  - O 5080:Legal/Governmental
KW  - Q1 08561:General
KW  - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation
KW  - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection
KW  - Q1 08371:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fungicidal control of anthracnose (Microdochium panattonianum) on lettuce
AN  - 15670093; 3958659
AB  - In field experiments in 1990 and 1991, 16 fungicides were evaluated for the control of anthracnose (Microdochium panattonianum) on lettuce. Prochloraz, chlorothalonil, and propiconazole were the most effective. No phytotoxic effects were observed in lettuce treated with either 0.23 g prochloraz/L or 1.15 g chlorothalonil/L, and both provided significantly better control than the recommended rates of mancozeb, propineb, and cupric hydroxide, widely used on lettuce in Australia. A mixture of prochloraz and chlorothalonil did not reduce the severity of anthracnose compared with either fungicide applied alone. Propiconazole at rates of 25 and 62.5 mg/L severely stunted plants, and this fungicide is not recommended for use on lettuce. Fungicides applied weekly were more effective than those applied on a 14-day schedule or those applied only after periods of leaf wetness. In most experiments unsprayed plants were severely diseased and weighed less than half of those treated with fungicides. (DBO)
JF  - Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture
AU  - Wicks, T J
AU  - Hall, B
AU  - Pezzaniti, P
AD  - South Australian Dep. Agric., GPO Box 1671, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 277
EP  - 283
VL  - 34
IS  - 2
SN  - 0816-1089, 0816-1089
KW  - Microdochium panattonianum
KW  - prochloraz
KW  - chlorothalonil
KW  - propiconazole
KW  - mancozeb
KW  - propineb
KW  - cupric hydroxide
KW  - Latuca sativa
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - fungicides
KW  - anthracnose
KW  - A 01028:Others
KW  - A 01031:Antifungal & fungicidal agents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15670093?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Fungicidal+control+of+anthracnose+%28Microdochium+panattonianum%29+on+lettuce&rft.au=Wicks%2C+T+J%3BHall%2C+B%3BPezzaniti%2C+P&rft.aulast=Wicks&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.issn=08161089&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anthracnose; fungicides
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Differential rhizobial colonisation of the roots of sown and volunteer annual species of Medicago in an acid soil
AN  - 15641161; 3944065
AB  - Two annual medics, Medicago murex and M. truncatula, were inoculated with specific strains of Rhizobium meliloti, WSM540 and CC169, respectively, and sown into a mildly acid red earth in a semi-arid environment at Cobar, New South Wales. A third medic, M. laciniata, volunteered abundantly at the experimental site and large populations of its specific strain(s) of R. meliloti were naturalised in the soil. Serial dilution, plant infection tests, using 3 test plants in parallel, were employed to count the populations of each of the 3 types of R. meliloti that colonised the roots (rhizospheres) of the 3 medics. The size of the rhizosphere populations was regarded as an index of nodulation potential. Large populations of the naturalised rhizobia (about 45 000/plant) developed in the rhizospheres of M. laciniata; these rhizobia also colonised the root surfaces of the sown medics but in much lower numbers (<80/plant). Strain WSM540 colonised the rhizospheres of M. murex in sufficient numbers (1121 rhizobia/plant) to indicate that an effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis would have established had seasonal conditions permitted. By contrast, the colonisation of M. truncatula rhizospheres by CC169 was significantly lower (64 rhizobia/plant; P<0.05) and the likelihood of nodulation was uncertain. Both WSM540 and M. murex are known to be acid tolerant whereas both CC169 and M. truncatula are acid sensitive. There was very little colonisation of the rhizospheres of the sown medics by non-specific inoculant strains. Nor was there evidence that the large naturalised population of rhizobia for M. laciniata competed with the specific inoculant strains for colonisation of the roots of the sown medics or interfered with their potential nodulation.
JF  - Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture
AU  - Barclay, R M
AU  - Hebb, D M
AU  - Brockwell, J
AD  - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 745
EP  - 752
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
SN  - 0816-1089, 0816-1089
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology
KW  - soils (acid)
KW  - Rhizobium meliloti
KW  - roots
KW  - rhizosphere
KW  - Medicago
KW  - A 01051:Nitrogen cycle
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15641161?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Differential+rhizobial+colonisation+of+the+roots+of+sown+and+volunteer+annual+species+of+Medicago+in+an+acid+soil&rft.au=Barclay%2C+R+M%3BHebb%2C+D+M%3BBrockwell%2C+J&rft.aulast=Barclay&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.issn=08161089&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Medicago; Rhizobium meliloti; roots; rhizosphere; soils (acid)
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Intracellular structures associated with in vitro replication of Heliothis armigera entomopoxvirus
AN  - 15588653; 3911932
AB  - We are studying the relationship of Heliothis armigera entomopoxvirus (HaEPV; Fernon et al., submitted for publication) with its noctuid caterpillar hosts, with particular reference to infection of the agriculturally important Helicoverpa armigera. As part of that work we have begun analysis of HaEPV replication in the established BCIRL-Hz-AM1 line from Helicoverpa zea and other AM1-derived clonal lines. Using the rationale outlined above, we have compared the appearance of structures associated with HaEPV infection of H. armigera and H. zea cells in vivo and in vitro, respectively.
JF  - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
AU  - Lai-Fook, J
AU  - Brooks, E M
AU  - Dall, D J
AD  - CSIRO Div. Entomology GPO Box 1700 Canberra, Australian Capitol Territory, 2601 Australia
Y1  - 1994
PY  - 1994
DA  - 1994
SP  - 269
EP  - 272
VL  - 64
IS  - 3
SN  - 0022-2011, 0022-2011
KW  - Entomology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts
KW  - entomopoxvirus
KW  - Helicoverpa armigera
KW  - in vitro
KW  - Helicoverpa zea
KW  - Lepidoptera
KW  - replication
KW  - Noctuidae
KW  - Heliothis armigera
KW  - complications
KW  - Z 05182:Pathology
KW  - A 01030:General
KW  - V 22041:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.atitle=Intracellular+structures+associated+with+in+vitro+replication+of+Heliothis+armigera+entomopoxvirus&rft.au=Lai-Fook%2C+J%3BBrooks%2C+E+M%3BDall%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Lai-Fook&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.issn=00222011&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-13
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heliothis armigera; entomopoxvirus; Helicoverpa armigera; Helicoverpa zea; Noctuidae; Lepidoptera; complications; in vitro; replication
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Chronic and Initiation/Promotion Skin Bioassays of Petroleum Refinery Streams
AN  - 14335634; 10482150
AB  - The initiation/promotion (I/P) bioassay consists of applying a known or suspected tumor initiator to the skin of mice, followed by multiple weekly treatments of a known or suspected tumor promoter. The bioassay was developed to differentiate substances that produce tumors by genotoxic mechanisms, nongenotoxic mechanisms, or both. Nine petroleum refinery streams were evaluated using chronic and I/P skin bioassays. The bioassay protocols and the test streams are described. Results indicated that sweetened naphtha, solvent-refined heavy naphthenic distillate, and vacuum residuum did not show any significant carcinogenic potential chronically or in I/P skin tests. Catalytic cracked clarified oil and light paraffinic distillate exhibited carcinogenic activity in the chronic test and were classified as initiators in the I/P skin bioassay. Hydrodesulfurized kerosene, hydrodesulfurized middle distillate, light catalytic cracked distillate, and a 50/50 mixture of straight-run middle distillate and light catalytic cracked distillate all led to tumor formation on chronic application and were deemed promoters but not initiators in the I/P bioassay. All relevant data are tabulated.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Skisak, Christopher M
AU  - Furedi-Machacek, EMarianna
AU  - Schmitt, Susan S
AU  - Swanson, Mark S
AU  - Vernot, Edmond H
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 82
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING
KW  - PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
KW  - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - TUMORIGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14335634?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Chronic+and+Initiation%2FPromotion+Skin+Bioassays+of+Petroleum+Refinery+Streams&rft.au=Skisak%2C+Christopher+M%3BFuredi-Machacek%2C+EMarianna%3BSchmitt%2C+Susan+S%3BSwanson%2C+Mark+S%3BVernot%2C+Edmond+H&rft.aulast=Skisak&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; PETROLEUM PRODUCTS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; BIOASSAY; TUMORIGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interindividual Variability in Modeling Exposure and Toxicokinetics: a Case Study on Cadmium
AN  - 14329982; 10482149
AB  - Statistical exposure models are used to describe interindividual variability in human food intake caused by differences in consumption habits. The models are used to predict the lifelong intake of persistent chemicals for a population. Using an existing toxicokinetic model for cadmium, the variability of a statistical exposure model is shown to depend significantly on variations in physiology. The methodology used to determine interindividual variability in exposure assessment consists of calibrating a model to a set of data and then using the model for extrapolation purposes. The important advantage of this type of second-order modeling is that it allows for the evaluation of specific risk factors, such as smoking or anemia.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Slob, Wout
AU  - Krajnc, Erno I
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 78
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14329982?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Interindividual+Variability+in+Modeling+Exposure+and+Toxicokinetics%3A+a+Case+Study+on+Cadmium&rft.au=Slob%2C+Wout%3BKrajnc%2C+Erno+I&rft.aulast=Slob&rft.aufirst=Wout&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 8 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; CADMIUM; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human Milk as Source of Methylmercury Exposure in Infants
AN  - 14329130; 10482148
AB  - Research has indicated that methylmercury transfer from human milk may be of relevance, but its toxicokinetic behavior in small children is unknown. Results are presented from a study of Hg burdens at 12 months-of-age in children from the Faroe Islands who had been breast-fed for various periods. Questionnaire data were compiled, and hair samples from both the mothers and infants were analyzed for Hg concentrations. Results indicated that the Hg concentrations in infants' hair correlated with that in maternal hair at the time of delivery, and that breast milk was the sole source of nutrition for a median of 4 months. The duration of nursing was not related to prenatal Hg exposure. Results indicated a considerable absorption of methylmercury from human milk and a slow elimination of the compound during the first year of life.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Grandjean, Philippe
AU  - Jorgensen, Poul J
AU  - Weihe, Pal
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 74
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - METHYLMERCURY
KW  - BREAST MILK
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - FOOD CONTAMINATION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14329130?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+Milk+as+Source+of+Methylmercury+Exposure+in+Infants&rft.au=Grandjean%2C+Philippe%3BJorgensen%2C+Poul+J%3BWeihe%2C+Pal&rft.aulast=Grandjean&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=74&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - METHYLMERCURY; BREAST MILK; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; FOOD CONTAMINATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Carcinogenic and Cocarcinogenic Effects of Radon and Radon Daughters in Rats
AN  - 14328873; 10482147
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Manchaux, G
AU  - Morlier, J P
AU  - Morin, M
AU  - Chameaud, J
AU  - Lafuma, J
AU  - Masse, R
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 64
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL
KW  - AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - MINERAL FIBERS
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - RADON
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328873?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Carcinogenic+and+Cocarcinogenic+Effects+of+Radon+and+Radon+Daughters+in+Rats&rft.au=Manchaux%2C+G%3BMorlier%2C+J+P%3BMorin%2C+M%3BChameaud%2C+J%3BLafuma%2C+J%3BMasse%2C+R&rft.aulast=Manchaux&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; MINERAL FIBERS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS; CIGARETTE SMOKE; RADON; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicity of the Organophosphate Chemical Warfare Agents GA, GB, and VX: Implications for Public Protection
AN  - 14328815; 10482146
AB  - The general features of three organophosphate nerve agents-methyl phosphonofluoridate isopropyl ester (GB), S-(diisopropylaminoethyl) methyl phosphonothiolate o-ethyl ester (VX), and N,N-dimethyl phosphoroamidocyanidate ethyl ester (GA)-are reviewed, along with their signs and symptoms of exposure and mechanisms of action. The primary cause of acute toxic responses to nerve-agent exposure in humans is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The LD sub(50) values for each chemical agent are tabulated. The relative potency of the agents varies with the route of exposure. With inhalation or percutaneous absorption, VX is more toxic than GB, which is more toxic than GA. Dermal toxicity is highest for VX, followed by GA and GB. The organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy for each of the agents is described. Genotoxicity screening tests have been negative for GB and VX, while GA studies have indicated only weak genotoxic potential. The rapid action of the nerve agents requires immediate decontamination and initiation of treatment. Due to federal stockpiles, the agents of primary concern are GB and VX.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Munro, Nancy B
AU  - Ambrose, Kathleen R
AU  - Watson, Annetta P
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 18
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NEUROTOXICITY
KW  - CHEMICAL WEAPONS
KW  - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328815?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+the+Organophosphate+Chemical+Warfare+Agents+GA%2C+GB%2C+and+VX%3A+Implications+for+Public+Protection&rft.au=Munro%2C+Nancy+B%3BAmbrose%2C+Kathleen+R%3BWatson%2C+Annetta+P&rft.aulast=Munro&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NEUROTOXICITY; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL WEAPONS; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Near-Ultraviolet Mutagenesis in Superoxide Dismutase-Deficient Strains of Escherichia coli
AN  - 14325525; 10482151
AB  - With the destruction of stratospheric ozone, near-UV radiation concentrations at the earth's surface may increase. Using a set of Escherichia coli tester strains, the mutagenic spectra produced by near-UV radiation were compared to those produced with superoxide-dependent mutagenesis. The experimental protocol is described. In the E. coli strains lacking superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, high spontaneous mutation frequencies were observed along with increased near-UV sensitivity. The types of these spontaneous mutations induced in SOD-deficient strains indicated oxidative DNA damage, but no synergism between near-UV radiation and superoxide could be discerned.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Knowles, Rick L
AU  - Eisenstark, Abraham
Y1  - 1994/01//
PY  - 1994
DA  - Jan 1994
SP  - 88
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 102
IS  - 1
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
KW  - ENZYME ACTIVITY
KW  - E COLI ESCHERICHIA COLI
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14325525?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Near-Ultraviolet+Mutagenesis+in+Superoxide+Dismutase-Deficient+Strains+of+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Knowles%2C+Rick+L%3BEisenstark%2C+Abraham&rft.aulast=Knowles&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=88&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; E COLI ESCHERICHIA COLI; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Recent Changes in Federal Student Aid. CRS Report for Congress.
AN  - 62694802; ED378876
AB  - This report discusses recent changes in federal aid to postsecondary students enacted by Congress during 1992-93, focusing on the 1992 Amendments to the Higher Education Act and the 1993 Federal Direct Student Loan (DL) Program. The report reviews recent issues surrounding federal aid to postsecondary students, such as program accountability and simplification, and discusses the various types of grants, loans, and national service programs available to students. It then discusses the changes made to various federal aid programs in the areas of institutional eligibility, default rates, and need analysis. Specific changes in the Pell Grant and Guaranteed Student Loan Programs (now called the Federal Family Education Loan Program) are then examined, including unsubsidized loans, loan limits, interest rates and fees, cost saving and risk sharing, repayment options, and consolidation loans. The report then discusses the DL program, outlining the phase-in period, eligibility, repayment options, and administrative costs of the new program. (MDM)
AU  - Schenet, Margot A.
Y1  - 1993/12/30/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Dec 30
SP  - 24
KW  - Direct Lending
KW  - Family Education Loan Program
KW  - Guaranteed Student Loan Program
KW  - Higher Education Act Amendments 1992
KW  - Pell Grant Program
KW  - Program Characteristics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Loan Repayment
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Eligibility
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - College Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62694802?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see HE 028 024.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - American Memory User Evaluation, 1991-1993.
AN  - 62711607; ED382511
AB  - This report summarizes the American Memory User Evaluation conducted during 1991-1993 in over 40 locations around the United States. The findings are based on 1800 user questionnaires, 120 user interviews, and more than 40 site visits by Library staff. American Memory describes the concept of providing electronic versions of selected Library of Congress archival collections to the nation's libraries. This evaluation report is divided into six chapters. Chapter 1 describes "The Evaluation Plan": its background, evaluation goals and methodology. Chapter 2 outlines the "American Memory in the Schools, K-12": participating schools, applications of American Memory, technical factors affecting use, etc. Chapter 3 looks at "American Memory in Colleges and Universities": participating institutions, determinants of success, etc. Chapter 4 describes "American Memory in Public Libraries": participating public libraries, collections, exhibits, and supporting documentation, etc. Chapter 5 features "Other Types of Libraries": participating institutions, location of American Memory, future market, etc. Chapter 6 presents "Conclusions": American Memory's core audience, primary material, etc. Appendices include Projects Using American Memory; Summary of Troubleshooting Calls; American Memory Site Visits; Press Coverage; Macintosh Survey; IBM Survey; Interim Report Form; and Telephone Interview Form. (EH)
AU  - Veccia, Susan
Y1  - 1993/12/15/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Dec 15
SP  - 131
KW  - American Memory Project (Library of Congress)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Researchers
KW  - Information Systems
KW  - Information Services
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Library Networks
KW  - Library Development
KW  - User Needs (Information)
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Information Transfer
KW  - Library Automation
KW  - Library Collection Development
KW  - Primary Sources
KW  - Information Networks
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62711607?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Rent Gap Debunked
AN  - 918043176; 13500598
AB  - The rent gap theory of gentrification has inspired a substantial amount of critical attention as well as several empirical studies. None of these studies addresses a fundamental problem with the rent gap hypothesis--namely, its dependence on a distinction between actual and potential land rent. That distinction does not contribute to the explanation of either the location or timing of changes in land use. And, contrary to some claims, there are no antecedents for the rent gap in the history of economic ideas--whether Marxian or neoclassical. It is concluded that the standard neoclassical concept of land-use succession is more coherent than the rent gap concept. However, neither approach explains how neighbourhoods previously subject to disinvestment come to be perceived to have the potential for reinvestment and higher land rents.
JF  - Urban Studies
AU  - Bourassa, Steven C
AD  - Urban Research Program, Australian National University, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 1731
EP  - 1744
PB  - Sage Publications, Inc., 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA
VL  - 30
IS  - 10
SN  - 0042-0980, 0042-0980
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Historical account
KW  - succession
KW  - Perception
KW  - Economics
KW  - Land use
KW  - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2012-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2012-03-29
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - succession; Historical account; Perception; Economics; Land use
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420989320081691
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Report on Coverage Evaluation of the Public Library Statistics Program.
AN  - 62808304; ED372775
AB  - This report reflects the results of an evaluation of the coverage in the annual Public Library Statistics program, a joint federal-state information collection project. It is the first phase of a broader project of the Census Bureau and the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to evaluate the overall statistics available from the annual Public Library Statistics program. The report contains four sections. Section 1 is a summary of findings. Among the findings were the following: (1) the coverage in the annual program is very nearly complete (99.5 percent); and (2) there is a degree of inconsistency for reporting information about public libraries. Section 2 describes the methodology of the evaluation study. Section 3 describes the findings of this first phase of the evaluation in detail. Section 4 consists of individual state descriptions. Each state description contains a summary of the coverage rates, a descriptive evaluation, a brief description of the relationship to the Census of Governments library directory, lists of specific public libraries and sources of undercount or overcount in the NCES dataset, a description of branch library counts, and additional findings of note. There are two broad purposes of this evaluation. First, it is an evaluation of coverage, intended to raise specific issues for discussion among NCES, the Federal State Cooperative System (FSCS), and the states. Secondly, it is the starting point for evaluating additional issues of the statistical program, including definitions and the accuracy/reliability of various library service measures that result from the program. (MES)
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - December 1993
SP  - 151
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-94-430
KW  - National Center for Education Statistics
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - State Programs
KW  - Library Statistics
KW  - Cooperative Programs
KW  - Problems
KW  - Reliability
KW  - Public Libraries
KW  - Library Services
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Evaluation Criteria
KW  - Definitions
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Data Collection
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808304?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Federal Support for Education: Fiscal Years 1980 to 1993.
AN  - 62803353; ED366635
AB  - The Federal Government provides support for education well beyond programs funded through the Department of Education. Federal support for education, excluding revenues foregone through allowable income tax deductions, was an estimated $87.5 billion in fiscal year (FY) 1993, an increase of $24.1 billion (38%) since FY 1990, representing, after adjustment for inflation, a 25% increase. This publication provides data on federal support and trends in recent years. On-budget federal funds for educational programs in FY 1993 were estimated at $68.4 billion, an increase of 33% since FY 1990 in current dollars (20% after adjustment for inflation). Nonfederal funds generated by federal programs (predominantly postsecondary education loans) were estimated at $19.0 billion, a rise of 62% in current dollars from 1990 to 1993. The period marked an increase in on-budget program funds for elementary and secondary education of 12%, with a decrease of 13% in funds for postsecondary education, and a 58% increase in other education funds. It is noted that elementary and secondary schools and colleges derive only about 11% of their revenues from the Federal Government. Three figures and nine tables provide detailed information about expenditures, with an additional six detailed tables in six appendices. (SLD)
AU  - Hoffman, Charlene M.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - December 1993
SP  - 48
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-443
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - School Support
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Resource Allocation
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Inflation (Economics)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Tax Allocation
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Public Support
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62803353?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the previous edition, see ED 354 623.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Summary of papers and research recommendations of Working Group on Tropospheric Ozone, Health Effects Institute environmental epidemiology planning project.
AN  - 21275324; 11701542
AB  - This paper summarizes the themes and recommendations that emerge from the papers presented by the Working Group on Tropospheric Ozone. In terms of current knowledge, the following are considered of particular importance: a) lack of clear evidence for a human analogue of the terminal bronchiolar and proximal acinar changes observed in the lungs of ozone-exposed animals; b) lack of evidence for a connection between the acute respiratory effects of O3 and possible chronic respiratory effects; c) need to better define the characteristics of O3-susceptible individuals; d) the lack of adequate exposure assessment tools for reconstruction of lifetime O3 exposure; and e) incomplete information on the role of other ambient environmental pollutants in the facilitation of O3 effects or as a cause of effects attributed to O3 in human populations. Based on the above, several recommendations for epidemiologic research on health effects of O3 are offered. a) Studies to investigate the existence of chronic health effects of O3 are essential, particularly those that include autopsied human lung tissue and biologic and physiologic response markers. b) Studies are needed to link acute responses with chronic effects and should include joint epidemiologic and controlled-exposure assessments. c) Studies are needed to identify susceptible subgroups. Such studies should include newly emerging biologic markers of O3 exposure. d) Accurate and precise tools for chronic O3 exposure assessment need to be developed for use in retrospective and prospective studies. e) Collaborative studies between epidemiologists and laboratory investigators are needed to develop and evaluate markers of O3 exposure and to test O3 exposure models.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tager, I B
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 237
EP  - 239
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Lung
KW  - Troposphere
KW  - human populations
KW  - Ozone
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275324?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Summary+of+papers+and+research+recommendations+of+Working+Group+on+Tropospheric+Ozone%2C+Health+Effects+Institute+environmental+epidemiology+planning+project.&rft.au=Tager%2C+I+B&rft.aulast=Tager&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Lung; Troposphere; human populations; Ozone
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Symposium on the health effects of gasoline: panel discussion on the state of the science.
AN  - 21270309; 11704891
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sivak, A
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 201
EP  - 202
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270309?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Symposium+on+the+health+effects+of+gasoline%3A+panel+discussion+on+the+state+of+the+science.&rft.au=Sivak%2C+A&rft.aulast=Sivak&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gasoline
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Measurement of ploidy and cell proliferation in the rodent liver.
AN  - 21270255; 11701562
AB  - In most investigations of cell proliferation in vivo, the population under study consists of mononuclear diploid cells that undergo replication via normal complete division cycles. Because the phenomena associated with the cell cycle are sequential, only one is normally measured and it is usually adequate to quantify the proliferative activity in one of two ways. The first involves labeling the cells undergoing semi-conservative DNA synthesis with a radioactive DNA precursor, preparing autoradiographs of histological sections, and counting labeled nuclei. The other commonly studied parameter of cell proliferation is mitotic activity. The livers of rats and mice, unlike those of other mammals, consist mainly of hepatocytes that contain two classes of cell with respect to nuclei and several ploidy classes. These classes of hepatocytes arise as the result of modified cell division cycles. The peculiar cytological composition of the rodent liver has, until recently, caused difficulties in the measurement and interpretation of cell ploidy and cell proliferation by the above methods. Flow cytometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting used in conjunction with quantitative fluorescent stains for DNA and fluorescently labeled antibodies to bromodeoxyuridine have permitted the rapid and precise quantification of cell proliferative activity in the rodent liver. Studies using these techniques have revealed that proliferative activity of hepatocytes may occur in different subpopulations of cells depending on the kind of toxicological injury inflicted on the animal.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Styles, J A
AD  - Imperial Chemical Industries, Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, U.K.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 67
EP  - 71
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - mammals
KW  - Rats
KW  - subpopulations
KW  - Injuries
KW  - Liver
KW  - DNA
KW  - Mice
KW  - rodents
KW  - ENA 21:Wildlife
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270255?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+ploidy+and+cell+proliferation+in+the+rodent+liver.&rft.au=Styles%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Styles&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; mammals; Injuries; subpopulations; DNA; Liver; Mice; rodents
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Methodologic research needs in environmental epidemiology: data analysis.
AN  - 21268261; 11703185
AB  - A brief review is given of data analysis methods for the identification and quantification of associations between environmental exposures and health events of interest. Data analysis methods are outlined for each of the study designs mentioned, with an emphasis on topics in need of further research. Particularly noted are the need for improved methods for accommodating exposure assessment measurement errors in analytic epidemiologic studies and for improved methods for the conduct and analysis of aggregate data (ecologic) studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Prentice, R L
AU  - Thomas, D
AD  - Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 39
EP  - 48
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Reviews
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21268261?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Methodologic+research+needs+in+environmental+epidemiology%3A+data+analysis.&rft.au=Prentice%2C+R+L%3BThomas%2C+D&rft.aulast=Prentice&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Reviews
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Methodologic frontiers in environmental epidemiology.
AN  - 21263926; 11703182
AB  - Environmental epidemiology comprises the epidemiologic study of those environmental factors that are outside the immediate control of the individual. Exposures of interest to environmental epidemiologists include air pollution, water pollution, occupational exposure to physical and chemical agents, as well as psychosocial elements of environmental concern. The main methodologic problem in environmental epidemiology is exposure assessment, a problem that extends through all of epidemiologic research but looms as a towering obstacle in environmental epidemiology. One of the most promising developments in improving exposure assessment in environmental epidemiology is to find exposure biomarkers, which could serve as built-in dosimeters that reflect the biologic footprint left behind by environmental exposures. Beyond exposure assessment, epidemiologists studying environmental exposures face the difficulty of studying small effects that may be distorted by confounding that eludes easy control. This challenge may prompt reliance on new study designs, such as two-stage designs in which exposure and disease information are collected in the first stage, and covariate information is collected on a subset of subjects in state two. While the analytic methods already available for environmental epidemiology are powerful, analytic methods for ecologic studies need further development. This workshop outlines the range of methodologic issues that environmental epidemiologists must address so that their work meets the goals set by scientists and society at large.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rothman, K J
AD  - School of Public Health, Boston University, MA 02215.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 19
EP  - 21
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Water wells
KW  - environmental perception
KW  - water pollution
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263926?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Bioindicators; environmental factors; Epidemiology; Water wells; Pollution effects; environmental perception; water pollution; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Basic problems in interaction assessment.
AN  - 21261005; 11703178
AB  - This paper reviews problems with the definition and estimation of interactions in epidemiologic studies. Methods for modeling interactions and dose-response also are reviewed, and references to more detailed literature are provided. Concepts are illustrated in the context of evaluating the joint effects of household radon exposure and environmental tobacco smoke.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Greenland, S
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health 90024-1772.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 59
EP  - 66
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - households
KW  - Passive smoking
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Radon
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - households; Passive smoking; Dose-response effects; Reviews; Radon
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicological approaches to complex mixtures.
AN  - 21259645; 11703186
AB  - This paper reviews the role of toxicological studies in understanding the health effects of environmental exposures to mixtures. The approach taken is to review mixtures that have received the greatest emphasis from toxicology; major mixtures research programs; the toxicologist's view of mixtures and approaches to their study; and the complementary roles of toxicological, clinical, and epidemiological studies. Studies of tobacco smoke, engine exhaust, combustion products, and air pollutants comprise most of the past research on mixtures. Because of their great experimental control over subjects, exposures, and endpoints, toxicologists tend to consider a wider range of toxic interactions among mixture components and sequential exposures than is practical for human studies. The three fundamental experimental approaches used by toxicologists are integrative (studying the mixture as a whole), dissective (dissecting a mixture to determine causative constituents), and synthetic (studying interactions between agents in simple combinations). Toxicology provides information on potential hazards, mechanisms by which mixture constituents interact to cause effects, and exposure dose-effect relationships; but extrapolation from laboratory data to quantitative human health risks is problematic. Toxicological, clinical, and epidemiological approaches are complementary but are seldom coordinated. Fostering synergistic interactions among the disciplines in studying the risks from mixtures could be advantageous.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Mauderly, J L
AD  - Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87185.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 155
EP  - 165
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Combustion products
KW  - Exhausts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Smoke
KW  - Pollutants
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - Tobacco
KW  - Toxicity testing
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Research programs
KW  - Exhaust emissions
KW  - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse
KW  - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259645?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Data processing; Pollutants; Combustion products; Tobacco; Toxicity testing; Research programs; Exhausts; Risk assessment; Air pollution; Dose-response effects; Reviews; Toxicology; Exhaust emissions
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nonmutagenic carcinogens induce intrachromosomal recombination in dividing yeast cells.
AN  - 21257292; 11703195
AB  - A large number of animal and human carcinogens without apparent genotoxic activity exist (nonmutagenic carcinogens) that are difficult or impossible to detect with the currently used short-term tests. Because of the association of carcinogenesis with genome rearrangement, a system selecting for intrachromosomal recombination (DEL recombination) that results in genome rearrangement has been constructed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Because DEL recombination is under different genetic control than interchromosomal recombination and meiotic recombination, it is probably due to a different mechanism. It has been found that DEL recombination is readily inducible by 10 mutagenic carcinogens and 17 nonmutagenic carcinogens that are not detectable (false negatives) with the Ames assay. In addition, three out of four mutagens that do not cause cancer (false positives in the Ames assay) do not induce DEL recombination. DEL recombination is inducible by UV only in dividing cells but not in cells synchronized in the G1 or G2 phase of the cell cycle. Interchromosomal recombination, on the other hand, is inducible in G1 but not in G2. The nonmutagenic carcinogens induce DEL recombination only in actively growing cells, which may give some indication as to their mechanism. Further characterization of the mechanism involved in induction of DEL recombination may contribute to the understanding of the biological activity of nonmutagenic carcinogens.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schiestl, R H
AD  - Department of Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 179
EP  - 184
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Yeasts
KW  - Genomes
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Cell cycle
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
KW  - Recombination
KW  - Meiosis
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Genetic control
KW  - G2 phase
KW  - K 03320:Cell Biology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Genomes; Mutagens; Recombination; Meiosis; Genotoxicity; Cell cycle; Carcinogenesis; Genetic control; Carcinogens; Cancer; G2 phase; Yeasts; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Symposium on health effects of gasoline: panel discussion on evaluation of the suitability of the existing exposure data for risk characterization.
AN  - 21253622; 11701565
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lioy, P J
AD  - Exposure Measurement and Assessment Division, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1179.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 33
EP  - 34
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 6
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Gasoline
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253622?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Symposium+on+health+effects+of+gasoline%3A+panel+discussion+on+evaluation+of+the+suitability+of+the+existing+exposure+data+for+risk+characterization.&rft.au=Lioy%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Lioy&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gasoline
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neurobehavioral effects of power-frequency electromagnetic fields.
AN  - 21253603; 11701545
AB  - Some laboratory experiments have suggested that power-frequency electric and magnetic fields (EMF) may be capable of influencing calcium efflux from cell membranes, pineal function, and circadian rhythms. As yet, however, no consistent, replicable laboratory model has been developed for any of these effects. Most assessments of human volunteers exposed to EMF have been negative, but occasional effects on vigilance or alertness and some modest effects on circadian rhythmicity have been reported. Several carefully performed studies of workers occupationally exposed to high electric-field strengths have failed to find effects on behavior or cognitive functioning. Although the bulk of human research on the effects of EMF on cognitive performance is negative, there has been less assessment of behavior and psychiatric symptomatology. Because some studies, in both humans and animals, have described effects of EMF on circadian rhythms, future research might concentrate profitably on the assessment of EMF in relation to depression and other cyclically mediated psychiatric disorders.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Paneth, N
AD  - Program in Epidemiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 101
EP  - 106
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Calcium
KW  - Membranes
KW  - Depression
KW  - Laboratory testing
KW  - Calcium efflux
KW  - depression
KW  - Electromagnetic fields
KW  - Magnetic fields
KW  - Mental disorders
KW  - cognitive ability
KW  - Cell membranes
KW  - Cognitive ability
KW  - Neurotoxicity
KW  - circadian rhythms
KW  - Circadian rhythms
KW  - Vigilance
KW  - magnetic fields
KW  - Pineal gland
KW  - mental disorders
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - ENA 06:Food & Drugs
KW  - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Magnetic fields; Mental disorders; Depression; Cell membranes; Cognitive ability; Calcium efflux; Circadian rhythms; Vigilance; Pineal gland; Electromagnetic fields; Membranes; Calcium; cognitive ability; Laboratory testing; Neurotoxicity; circadian rhythms; magnetic fields; depression; mental disorders; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hepatic nuclear ploidy distribution of dietary-restricted mice.
AN  - 21251596; 11703199
AB  - Hepatic parenchymal cells in most adult mammals are polyploid, with most of the cells in the quiescent or low-proliferation state. Polyploidization has been related to carcinogenesis and aging, and both end points are significantly affected by dietary restriction (DR). Direct measures of hepatic nuclear polyploidization in DR B6C3F1 mice have not been examined. We examined the effect of DR on distributions of nuclear ploidy in both sexes and on different age groups of B6C3F1 mice. Differences between young and old male mice and between old male and female mice were also compared. Hepatic nuclear ploidy values were measured by flow cytometry. The DNA histograms were analyzed for the percentage of nuclei having different classes of DNA content by gating channels between the areas under the peaks of diploid, tetraploid, and octaploid. The results indicate that 1 or 26 months of DR started at 4 months of age did not alter hepatic nuclear ploidy distributions in young and old mice. Our data suggest that in the male mouse, polyploidization is established by 5 months of age for hepatic nuclei and that ploidy classes are affected by sex at 30 months of age. For females, effects in the octaploid nuclei are seen as a result of DR.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lu, M H
AU  - Hinson, W G
AU  - He, D
AU  - Turturro, A
AU  - Hart, R W
AD  - National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079-9502.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 229
EP  - 233
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Channels
KW  - Diets
KW  - mammals
KW  - age groups
KW  - Age
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Mice
KW  - aging
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mammals; Diets; Channels; age groups; Age; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Mice; aging
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cell proliferation and forestomach carcinogenesis.
AN  - 21251587; 11703196
AB  - To analyze the role of cell proliferation in phenolic compound-induced rat forestomach carcinogenesis, early forestomach histopathological changes as well as oncogene expression and reversibility of early forestomach lesions were examined in F344 male rats. For the analysis of early lesions, five animals each were treated with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), caffeic acid, sesamol, or 4-methoxyphenol in the diet, each at a dose of 2%, and killed for histopathological examination after 12 hr, 1, 3, or 7 days. For oncogene analysis, three animals each were treated with BHA for 15, 30 min, 1, 3, 6, or 24 hr and then sacrificed. In the reversibility study, groups of animals were treated with BHA, caffeic acid, sesamol or 4-methoxyphenol for 24 weeks, and basal diet alone was supplied for a further 24-week period. Animals were killed at 24 and 48 weeks and forestomach epithelium was examined histopathologically. DNA synthesis increased within 12 hr to 3 days after commencement of chemical treatment in all cases. Toxicity and cell proliferation became evident subsequent to increase in DNA synthesis in each case. Elevated expression of c-fos and c-myc oncogenes was demonstrated 15 min after beginning treatment with BHA. In the reversibility study, although most of the proliferative lesions induced by these antioxidants regressed after cessation of chemical treatment, some dysplastic lesions were still observed at week 48. The results indicate that these phenolic compounds act primarily as mitogens in rat forestomach epithelium, with regeneration due to toxicity further enhancing cell proliferation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ito, N
AU  - Hirose, M
AU  - Takahashi, S
AD  - First Department of Pathology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Japan.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 107
EP  - 110
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Diets
KW  - Rats
KW  - regeneration
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Lesions
KW  - Histopathology
KW  - Chemical treatment
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Diets; regeneration; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Histopathology; Lesions; Chemical treatment; Toxicity
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proliferating cell nuclear antigen: a marker for hepatocellular proliferation in rodents.
AN  - 21251372; 11703187
AB  - Two different markers for quantitating cell proliferation were evaluated in livers of control and chemically treated mice and rats. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), an endogenous cell replication marker, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), an exogenously administered DNA precursor label, were detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using immunohistochemical techniques. The percentage of cells in S phase (labeling indexes, LI) evaluated as PCNA- or BrdU-positive hepatocellular nuclei was compared in recut tissue sections from animals given BrdU by a single IP injection 2 hr before killing the animals. Ten-week-old male B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats were exposed to known mitogenic hepatocarcinogens, Wy-14,643 (WY) in the diet at 0.1% for 2 days or 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB) in corn oil by gavage for 2 days (600 mg/kg/day in mice; 300 mg/kg/day in rats). In mice, PCNA and BrdU hepatocyte LI were similar in control, WY-treated, and DCB-treated animals. In rats, PCNA and BrdU gave similar LI in controls and Wy-treated animals. Although PCNA LI was statistically lower than BrdU LI in DCB-treated rats, both PCNA and BrdU LI for DCB-treated rats was increased over LI in control rats. Different patterns of PCNA immunohistochemical staining, interpreted to represent different subpopulations of cells at various phases of the cell cycle, were quantitated using PCNA immunohistochemistry. The proliferating index (PI), defined as the percentage of cells in the cell cycle (G1 + S + G2 + M), was more sensitive than the LI (S phase only) in detecting a chemically induced cell proliferative response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images FIGURE 1.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Eldrige, S R
AU  - Butterworth, B E
AU  - Goldsworthy, T L
AD  - Pathology Associates, Inc., Durham, NC 27713.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 211
EP  - 218
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Diets
KW  - dichlorobenzene
KW  - subpopulations
KW  - Liver
KW  - DNA
KW  - Mice
KW  - rodents
KW  - corn
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251372?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Proliferating+cell+nuclear+antigen%3A+a+marker+for+hepatocellular+proliferation+in+rodents.&rft.au=Eldrige%2C+S+R%3BButterworth%2C+B+E%3BGoldsworthy%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Eldrige&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Rats; dichlorobenzene; subpopulations; DNA; Liver; Mice; corn; rodents
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cell proliferation: concluding remarks
AN  - 21251330; 11703193
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Weinstein, IBernard
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 159
EP  - 161
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Retrospective study of possible alpha-2 mu-globulin nephropathy and associated cell proliferation in male Fischer 344 rats dosed with t-butyl alcohol.
AN  - 21251296; 11703197
AB  - Tert-butyl alcohol, an important commodity chemical, additive to unleaded gasoline, and contaminant of drinking water, was evaluated for toxicity and was found to enhance nephropathy in male Fischer 344 rats. Because male rats treated with t-butyl alcohol for 2 years had a low incidence of renal cortical tumors, additional renal sections for the 90-day toxicity study were examined for the presence of hyaline droplet accumulation, nephropathy, and evidence of replicative DNA synthesis (S-phase nuclei) to indirectly and retrospectively investigate a possible role of alpha-2 mu-globulin in the pathogenesis of the nephropathy. Dose levels for t-butyl alcohol were 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% (w/v) administered in drinking water. Significant body weight gain depressions were observed in all treated males, and there was an absolute weight loss in the 4% male group, none of which survived to the end of the study. Except for the 4% dose group, there was a treatment-related increase in hyaline droplet accumulation in the renal proximal tubules with crystalline, rectangular, and rhomboid forms of the protein evident. The severity of nephropathy was enhanced in treated rats, except for the 4% dose group. Replicative DNA synthesis, as measured by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, was increased in proximal tubules of rats dosed with 2% t-butyl alcohol. It is concluded that t-butyl alcohol exacerbated nephropathy in male Fischer 344 rats and increased renal accumulation of hyaline protein material consistent with alpha-2 mu-globulin deposition. Images FIGURE 2. FIGURE 3. FIGURE 4. FIGURE 5. FIGURE 7.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Takahashi, K
AU  - Lindamood, C
AU  - Maronpot, R R
AD  - Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Tokyo, Japan.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 281
EP  - 285
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Rats
KW  - Alcohol
KW  - DNA
KW  - Proteins
KW  - tumors
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Chemical pollution
KW  - Drinking water
KW  - body weight
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rats; Alcohol; DNA; Proteins; tumors; Chemical pollution; Toxicity; Drinking water; body weight
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cell cycle controls: potential targets for chemical carcinogens?
AN  - 21251285; 11703194
AB  - The progression of the cell cycle is controlled by the action of both positive and negative growth regulators. The key players in this activity include a family of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, which are themselves regulated by other kinases and phosphatases. Maintenance of balanced cell cycle controls may be directly linked to genomic stability. Loss of the check-points involved in cell cycle control may result in unrepaired DNA damage during DNA synthesis or mitosis leading to genetic mutations and contributing to carcinogenesis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Afshari, C A
AU  - Barrett, J C
AD  - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 9
EP  - 14
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Maintenance
KW  - growth regulators
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcinogenesis; DNA; Carcinogens; Mutation; growth regulators; Maintenance
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Gap junctional intercellular communication and cell proliferation during rat liver carcinogenesis.
AN  - 21251268; 11701553
AB  - During multistage liver carcinogenesis, there is a sequential decrease in gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC), associated with reduced expression of a major liver gap-junction protein (connexin 32). There are also several lines of evidence indicating that the induction of cell proliferation plays an important role during liver carcinogenesis. The relationship between GJIC and cell proliferation and their roles in liver carcinogenesis are not yet known. Results from various experiments suggest that there is a close relationship between the inhibition of GJIC and stimulation of liver cell proliferation. However, our results also suggest that different stimuli may affect cell proliferation and GJIC differentially by different mechanisms. Images FIGURE 2. A FIGURE 2. B FIGURE 2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yamasaki, H
AU  - Krutovskikh, V
AU  - Mesnil, M
AU  - Columbano, A
AU  - Tsuda, H
AU  - Ito, N
AD  - International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 191
EP  - 197
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Communications
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Liver
KW  - Proteins
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Communications; Carcinogenesis; Liver; Proteins
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of health effects in epidemiologic studies of air pollution.
AN  - 21251042; 11703181
AB  - As we increasingly recognize the complexity of the pollutants in indoor and outdoor microenvironments, a broad array of inhaled mixtures has assumed scientific, public health, and regulatory importance. Few adverse effects of environmental pollutants are specific, that is, uniquely associated with a single agent; the adverse effects that might be considered in an investigation of the consequences of exposure to an inhaled complex mixture are generally nonspecific. In the context of this paper, we will refer to binary mixtures as complex, though we realize that a more precise definition of complexity would restrict the term to mixtures of three or more constituents. Their causes potentially include not only pollutant exposures through the medium of inhaled air but other environmental agents, such as infectious organisms and radiation, and inherent characteristics of the exposed persons, such as atopy. We review the outcome measures that have been used in epidemiologic studies of the health effects of single pollutants and complex mixtures. Some of these outcome measures have been carefully standardized, whereas others need similar standardization and modification to improve sensitivity and specificity for investigating the health effects of air pollution.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Samet, J M
AU  - Speizer, F E
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 149
EP  - 154
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Air pollution
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - microenvironments
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Pollution effects
KW  - Standards
KW  - Side effects
KW  - Public health
KW  - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air pollution; Sensitivity; microenvironments; Reviews; Pollution effects; Standards; Side effects; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Proliferative responses of the skin to external stimuli.
AN  - 21249879; 11704886
AB  - The skin, in particular the epidermis, offers unique opportunities to investigate the induction and control of cellular proliferation and tissue homeostasis both under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Moreover, it represents one of the most feasible model systems for experimental cancer research. As the primary border of the body, the skin has important protective and defensive functions. A general response to external injury consists of a thickening of the epithelial layer (epidermal hyperplasia) combined with an inflammatory reaction. This hyperplastic transformation of the skin is a critical condition of skin tumor development (i.e., conversion and promotion) and of the wound response. It is believed to be due to a transformation of keratinocytes into an activated state characterized by an increased rate of proliferation and the ability to release a series of growth factors and other cytokines that coordinate the defense reaction (e.g., hyperproliferation, recruitment of leukocytes, activation of the immune system) along auto- and paracrine feedback loops. The initial and probably later phases of this response depend critically on a local release of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins and lipoxygenase-generated factors. A unique reaction seen upon phorbol ester treatment of mouse skin is a strong induction of the enzyme 8-lipoxygenase, which might be involved in skin tumor development by catalyzing the generation of clastogenic metabolites thought to play a role in the conversion stage. Hyperplasia may be considered to be the result of an imbalance between the rates of cell gain and cell loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Marks, F
AU  - Furstenberger, G
AD  - Research Program in Tumor Cell Regulation, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 95
EP  - 101
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Skin
KW  - immune system
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - recruitment
KW  - tumors
KW  - Metabolites
KW  - Esters
KW  - growth factors
KW  - Cancer
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; immune system; recruitment; Enzymes; Metabolites; tumors; Esters; growth factors; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Cell proliferation and chemical carcinogenesis: symposium overview.
AN  - 21249872; 11704884
AB  - Cancer, by definition, is a proliferative disease. The fundamental scientific issue explored at the international symposium "Cell Proliferation and Chemical Carcinogenesis" was the impact of chemically enhanced cell proliferation on the dynamic carcinogenic processes. This conference, held at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences January 14-16, 1992, provided an open forum for the exchange of new results, information, and ideas in four areas: a) general principles of cell division and carcinogenesis, b) critical evaluation of cell proliferation methodologies, c) cell proliferation and modeling of organ-specific carcinogenesis, and d) cell proliferation and human carcinogenesis. This overview summarizes key findings from that symposium. The general view expressed was that although cell proliferation is involved inextricably in the development of cancers, chemically enhanced cell division does not reliably predict carcinogenicity. Our knowledge of the multistep nature of carcinogenesis has advanced substantially during recent years; however, much still needs to be learned. A greater understanding of the cellular and molecular events in chemical carcinogenesis should improve all aspects of the overall risk assessment process, including extrapolations based on dose, species, and interindividual differences.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Melnick, R L
AU  - Huff, J
AU  - Barrett, J C
AU  - Maronpot, R R
AU  - Lucier, G
AU  - Portier, C J
AD  - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 3
EP  - 7
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Risk assessment
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Cancer
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Conferences; Carcinogenicity; Carcinogenesis; Environmental health; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Concepts, labeling procedures, and design of cell proliferation studies relating to carcinogenesis.
AN  - 21249849; 11704885
AB  - Chemicals may induce cell proliferation directly as mitogens or indirectly via cell death with subsequent proliferation to replace lost cells. Chemically induced proliferation has been demonstrated to play a role in the carcinogenic process. A wide range of procedures and techniques are currently being used to define the quantitative relationship between the extent and duration of chemically induced cell proliferation and carcinogenic potential in different species and target organs. However, a limited database and nonstandard protocols and procedures for measuring cell proliferation have made it difficult to compare results between laboratories. Comparison of frequencies of S phase between control and treated animals is the most commonly used end point in cell proliferation studies and may be regarded as an indirect indication of a proliferative response. This response can be ascertained as labeling indexes (LI; percentage of cells in S phase) after the administration of the DNA precursor labels (tritiated thymidine; 3H-TdR; bromodeoxyuridine, BrdU) or through immunostaining of the endogenous cell replication marker, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Both approaches are applicable to tissue sections. An important issue in the design of experimental studies for measuring LI is determining how and when to investigate proliferative responses in relation to the chemical treatment regimen. Variables to consider when designing cell proliferation studies include the animal's age, chemical dose and method of treatment, choice and dose of label, time and length that the label is administered, and methods of quantitation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Goldsworthy, T L
AU  - Butterworth, B E
AU  - Maronpot, R R
AD  - Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 59
EP  - 65
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Mortality
KW  - Age
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Chemical treatment
KW  - Organs
KW  - Design
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Mortality; Age; Carcinogenicity; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Chemical treatment; Organs; Design
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The use of cell proliferation data in modeling of skin carcinogenesis.
AN  - 21249796; 11703192
AB  - A simple model for papilloma formation is used to analyze data from a mouse skin-painting experiment performed with NMRI mice. The results suggest that one of two conclusions may be drawn: Either the model fails to properly describe the growth behavior of papilloma cells or the model suggests that papilloma cells do not have growth advantage over normal cells, even during promotion.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kopp-Schneider, A
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 103
EP  - 105
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Skin
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - Mice
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Carcinogenesis; Mice
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of chloroform and bromodichloromethane on DNA synthesis in male F344 rat kidney.
AN  - 21249690; 11703188
AB  - We have been investigating the actions of chloroform (CHCl3) and bromodichloromethane (BDCM) in rat kidney after different routes of exposure. Male F344 rats were exposed by gavage with corn oil or water as the diluting vehicle. All experiments lasted 30 days with gavage exposures 5 days per week for 4 weeks (20 doses). All animals were injected IP with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 3 times over a 6-day period at 50 mg/kg/injection. Kidney tissue was fixed and slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for routine viewing and by the PAP (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) technique using anti-BrdU to label cells in DNA synthesis. There were no significant changes in gross parameters evaluated between the control rats and the rats exposed to CHCl3 or BDCM. Rats exposed via corn oil gavage to CHCl3 displayed a segment-specific epithelial cell necrosis (6/6 high dose, 2/6 low dose). The lesions were primarily localized to the second segment of the proximal tubule, although some spread to cells in the first segment was occasionally observed. No histologic lesions were observed in the kidneys of rats exposed to BDCM. Preliminary results indicate a significant increase in DNA synthesis in the CHCl3-treated rats and a slight increase in DNA synthesis in BDCM-treated rats with corn oil as the diluent. The increase in BrdU labeling was primarily in cells of the S2 segment of the proximal tubule and interstitial cells of CHCl3-exposed animals and in cells of the S3 segment of BDCM-exposed animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lipsky, M M
AU  - Skinner, M
AU  - O'Connell, C
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 249
EP  - 252
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bromodeoxyuridine
KW  - DNA biosynthesis
KW  - Epithelial cells
KW  - males
KW  - Bromodichloromethane
KW  - corn
KW  - Diluents
KW  - Rats
KW  - Oil
KW  - Chloroform
KW  - Necrosis
KW  - Proximal tubules
KW  - Interstitial cells
KW  - DNA
KW  - Kidney
KW  - Lesions
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249690?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+chloroform+and+bromodichloromethane+on+DNA+synthesis+in+male+F344+rat+kidney.&rft.au=Lipsky%2C+M+M%3BSkinner%2C+M%3BO%27Connell%2C+C&rft.aulast=Lipsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bromodeoxyuridine; Oil; Epithelial cells; Chloroform; DNA biosynthesis; Necrosis; Proximal tubules; Interstitial cells; Kidney; Bromodichloromethane; Diluents; Rats; DNA; males; Lesions; corn
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Principles of study design in environmental epidemiology.
AN  - 21249685; 11703179
AB  - This paper discusses the principles of study design and related methodologic issues in environmental epidemiology. Emphasis is given to studies aimed at evaluating causal hypotheses regarding exposures to suspected health hazards. Following background sections on the quantitative objectives and methods of population-based research, we present the major types of observational designs used in environmental epidemiology: first, the three basic designs involving the individual as the unit of analysis (i.e., cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies) and a brief discussion of genetic studies for assessing gene-environment interactions; second, various ecologic designs involving the group or region as the unit of analysis. Ecologic designs are given special emphasis in this paper because of our lack of resources or inability to accurately measure environmental exposures in large numbers of individuals. The paper concludes with a section highlighting current design issues in environmental epidemiology and several recommendations for future work.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Morgenstern, H
AU  - Thomas, D
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of California, School of Public Health, Los Angeles 90024-1772.
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 23
EP  - 38
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Epidemiology
KW  - Design
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249685?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Principles+of+study+design+in+environmental+epidemiology.&rft.au=Morgenstern%2C+H%3BThomas%2C+D&rft.aulast=Morgenstern&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Design
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in three northern New Jersey waterways
AN  - 16538545; 4409872
AB  - The accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediments of harbors and rivers located in industrialized and heavily populated areas has been well established (NOAA 1988). As a result of their hydrophobicity and strong affinity for particulates, PAHs may accumulate in sediments and bioaccumulate in fish and shellfish at levels several orders of magnitude greater than found in source effluents (Herbes and Schwall 1987). Consequently, the vertical and spatial distribution of these persistent chemicals in bottom sediments provides useful information for evaluating the toxic potency of PAHs to aquatic life and for identifying historical and current sources of pollution. The presence of numerous industrial and municipal sources such as former creosote wood preserving facilities, petroleum and chemical storage and refinery facilities, paint and chemical manufacturers, combined sewer and stormwater outfalls, and municipal sewerage treatment facilities along shores of Newark Bay and its major tributaries suggests the potential for widespread PAH contamination (NOAA 1982). In this study, the concentrations of PAHs and total extractable petroleum hydrocarbons (TEPH) were determined in sediment cores collected from the Arthur Kill, Hackensack River, and Passaic River. Temporal distributions were examined in each core based on the activities of radionuclides super(210)Pb and super(137)Cs. From this information, it is possible to identify current and historical sources of contamination and identify sediments in each waterway that may pose a toxic hazard to fish and shellfish.
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
AU  - Huntley, S L
AU  - Bonnevie, N L
AU  - Wenning, R J
AU  - Bedbury, H
AD  - ChemRisk, A Division of McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress St., Portland, Maine 04102, USA
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 865
EP  - 872
VL  - 51
IS  - 6
SN  - 0007-4861, 0007-4861
KW  - PAH
KW  - USA, New Jersey
KW  - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Spatial distribution
KW  - Cesium radioisotopes
KW  - Water pollution sources
KW  - Lead radioisotopes
KW  - Sediment contamination
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Aromatic compounds
KW  - Cores
KW  - Petroleum
KW  - Aromatic hydrocarbons
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Sediment pollution
KW  - Temporal distribution
KW  - Hydrocarbons
KW  - Toxicity
KW  - Pollution surveys
KW  - Petroleum hydrocarbons
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16538545?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+%28PAHs%29+in+three+northern+New+Jersey+waterways&rft.au=Huntley%2C+S+L%3BBonnevie%2C+N+L%3BWenning%2C+R+J%3BBedbury%2C+H&rft.aulast=Huntley&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=865&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sediment pollution; Aromatic compounds; Cores; Spatial distribution; Temporal distribution; Hydrocarbons; Petroleum; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Toxicity; Pollution surveys; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Cesium radioisotopes; Water pollution sources; Sediment contamination; Lead radioisotopes; USA, New Jersey; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Epidemiological Studies of Neurotoxic, Reproductive, and Carcinogenic Effects of Complex Mixtures
AN  - 14348645; 10482250
AB  - The health effects of air pollution are usually associated with respiratory disorders. However, neurotoxic, reproductive and carcinogenic effects may also be important, particularly for complex mixtures. Methods for collecting epidemiological data including registries for birth defects and cancers are discussed. Difficulties associated with ascertaining adverse health effects of complex mixtures include the length of latency periods, and the subtleties of recognizing behavioral and psychiatric symptoms. WHO has developed standard tests for neurobehavior, and sensitive parameters for determining reproductive abnormalities are now available, that will encourage research into the neurotoxic and reproductive health effects of air pollutant mixtures.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Shy, Carl M
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 183
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - AIR POLLUTANTS
KW  - NEUROTOXICITY
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14348645?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Epidemiological+Studies+of+Neurotoxic%2C+Reproductive%2C+and+Carcinogenic+Effects+of+Complex+Mixtures&rft.au=Shy%2C+Carl+M&rft.aulast=Shy&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 21 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTANTS; NEUROTOXICITY; POPULATION SAMPLING; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Place of Epidemiology in Environmental Decisions: Needed Support for the Development of Risk Assessment Policy
AN  - 14348622; 10482239
AB  - The difficulties associated with developing policies for risk assessment from epidemiological data are reviewed. In rare cases, an adverse reaction to an environmental challenge is so obvious that remedial measures are instituted before a body of evidence is formally collected. More frequently, links between adverse reactions and the environmental agent is obscured by many variables, and many studies are required to definitively establish the connection. The cost to society of false positive and negative results, the bias against publishing negative studies, which studies should be followed up, the point at which enough studies have been completed, and the form of data presented to the public are reviewed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Neutra, Raymond Richard
AU  - Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 67
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - DATA REPORTING
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14348622?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Place+of+Epidemiology+in+Environmental+Decisions%3A+Needed+Support+for+the+Development+of+Risk+Assessment+Policy&rft.au=Neutra%2C+Raymond+Richard%3BTrichopoulos%2C+Dimitrios&rft.aulast=Neutra&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 8 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; POPULATION SAMPLING; PUBLIC HEALTH; DATA REPORTING
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessing Exposures to Inhaled Complex Mixtures
AN  - 14347777; 10482249
AB  - Human exposure to complex mixtures of air pollutants can vary during location changes during typical daily activity. Following such variations is a challenge for investigators. Various strategies for assessing exposure are reviewed. These include personal monitors, exposure biomarkers, time/activity measurements, and/or models of the microenvironment. A four level nested design for assessing exposure to complex mixtures is proposed. From broadest to narrowest the methods for determining exposure are: questionnaires; monitoring of microenvironment; personal monitors and activity diaries, and biomarkers; and continuous monitoring, and source use information.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Leaderer, Brian P
AU  - Lioy, P J
AU  - Spengler, John D
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 167
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - AIR POLLUTANTS
KW  - MONITORING, AIR
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347777?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessing+Exposures+to+Inhaled+Complex+Mixtures&rft.au=Leaderer%2C+Brian+P%3BLioy%2C+P+J%3BSpengler%2C+John+D&rft.aulast=Leaderer&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, AIR; AIR POLLUTANTS; POPULATION SAMPLING
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biologically Based Epidemiological Studies of Electric Power and Cancer
AN  - 14347733; 10482242
AB  - Several proposals for investigating the biology of cancer induction by electromagnetic fields are presented. These include DNA abnormalities, alterations in calcium homeostasis, and production of melatonin by the pineal gland. Use of the two stage, initiator/promoter model for carcinogens should be avoided, because it is too confusing and limiting. An effort to conduct epidemiological studies of electric power products, such as nighttime lighting is recommended. In occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields, coexposure to other carcinogens must be explored.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Stevens, Richard G
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 93
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CALCIUM
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - DNA
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14347733?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biologically+Based+Epidemiological+Studies+of+Electric+Power+and+Cancer&rft.au=Stevens%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CALCIUM; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; DNA; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessing Human Exposure to Power-Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields
AN  - 14346308; 10482245
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kaune, W T
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 121
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14346308?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessing+Human+Exposure+to+Power-Frequency+Electric+and+Magnetic+Fields&rft.au=Kaune%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Kaune&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Examining Acute Health Outcomes Due to Ozone Exposure and Their Subsequent Relationship to Chronic Disease Outcomes
AN  - 14345390; 10482253
AB  - Adverse health effects involving the upper and lower respiratory tract, and mild to severe disability are associated with high concentrations of ozone in the ambient air. Recommendations for research to establish a link between outcomes of chronic disease and ozone concentration are presented. These include gathering information on sensitive population subgroups, the range of adverse health effects, synergistic effects of viruses, ozone adaptation, and bioindicators.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ostro, Bart D
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 213
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR
KW  - OZONE
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14345390?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Examining+Acute+Health+Outcomes+Due+to+Ozone+Exposure+and+Their+Subsequent+Relationship+to+Chronic+Disease+Outcomes&rft.au=Ostro%2C+Bart+D&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 23 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS; OZONE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biological Markers of Intermediate Outcomes in Studies of Indoor Air and Other Complex Mixtures
AN  - 14344148; 10482251
AB  - The use of bioindicators for intermediate health effects of complex mixtures of air pollutants is advocated. However, there are difficulties associated with identifying such bioindicators, because of nonspecificity, dilution effects, and the timing of investigations so that the indicators are properly stimulated by the exposure. The complex mixtures most commonly associated with intermediate bioindicators include VOCs, tobacco smoke and radon or nitrogen dioxide, and outdoor oxidant pollutants and acid aerosols. For air pollutants, bronchoalveolar lavage material and lung tissue from autopsies may provide the most specific bioindicators. However, field studies could be conducted more easily if biomarkers could be found in biological fluids that are obtainable by noninvasive procedures.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wilcosky, Timothy C
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 193
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NITROGEN DIOXIDE
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH
KW  - VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR
KW  - RADON
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14344148?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biological+Markers+of+Intermediate+Outcomes+in+Studies+of+Indoor+Air+and+Other+Complex+Mixtures&rft.au=Wilcosky%2C+Timothy+C&rft.aulast=Wilcosky&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 10 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NITROGEN DIOXIDE; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR; CIGARETTE SMOKE; AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH; RADON; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Problems and Priorities in Epidemiologic Research on Human Health Effects Relating to Wire Code and Electric and Magnetic Fields
AN  - 14343988; 10482246
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Siemiatycki, Jack
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 135
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14343988?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Problems+and+Priorities+in+Epidemiologic+Research+on+Human+Health+Effects+Relating+to+Wire+Code+and+Electric+and+Magnetic+Fields&rft.au=Siemiatycki%2C+Jack&rft.aulast=Siemiatycki&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 23 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human Adverse Reproductive Outcomes and Electromagnetic Field Exposures: Review of Epidemiologic Studies
AN  - 14342506; 10482244
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Shaw, Gary M
AU  - Croen, Lisa A
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 107
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14342506?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+Adverse+Reproductive+Outcomes+and+Electromagnetic+Field+Exposures%3A+Review+of+Epidemiologic+Studies&rft.au=Shaw%2C+Gary+M%3BCroen%2C+Lisa+A&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Use of Human Lung Tissue for Studies of Structural Changes Associated with Chronic Ozone Exposure: Opportunities and Critical Issues
AN  - 14339818; 10482252
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lippmann, Morton
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 209
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - PULMONARY EFFECTS
KW  - OZONE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14339818?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+Human+Lung+Tissue+for+Studies+of+Structural+Changes+Associated+with+Chronic+Ozone+Exposure%3A+Opportunities+and+Critical+Issues&rft.au=Lippmann%2C+Morton&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=Morton&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 15 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; POPULATION SAMPLING; PULMONARY EFFECTS; OZONE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Epidemiological Studies of Electric and Magnetic Fields and Cancer: Strategies for Extending Knowledge
AN  - 14339734; 10482241
AB  - Electric and magnetic fields have been implicated in childhood and adult leukemia, and adult brain cancer. A literature review of epidemiological studies is presented. Of greatest importance in future studies is information on exposure patterns and sociologic and geographic assessments of wire codes for residences. Occupational exposure studies must include information on exposure to other carcinogens that may act as confounders, and temporal information on the exposure/disease relationship. Suggestions for the design of future studies so that bias toward and away from null are avoided and precision is enhanced are included.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Savitz, David A
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 83
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14339734?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Epidemiological+Studies+of+Electric+and+Magnetic+Fields+and+Cancer%3A+Strategies+for+Extending+Knowledge&rft.au=Savitz%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Savitz&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; PUBLIC HEALTH; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Trends in Auto Emissions and Gasoline Composition
AN  - 14339687; 10480872
AB  - The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments set technology forcing emissions standards, establish a clean fuel program, and require the production and use of reformulated gasoline. The new gasoline chemistries must be available to reduce VOC emissions by 15% as well as emissions of other pollutants by the year 2000 in the nine cities where their use is mandated. Clean substitutes for gasoline being pursued include methanol, LPG, and natural gas. Technologies available to control exhaust emissions of hydrocarbons and other species and to reduce fuel vapor emissions from storage and distribution systems are surveyed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sawyer, Robert F
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 5
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - FUEL SUBSTITUTION
KW  - EMISSION CONTROL STANDARDS
KW  - CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS 90
KW  - GASOLINE ANALYSIS
KW  - OXYGENATION
KW  - AUTOMOBILE EMISSION CONTROL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14339687?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Trends+in+Auto+Emissions+and+Gasoline+Composition&rft.au=Sawyer%2C+Robert+F&rft.aulast=Sawyer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - OXYGENATION; FUEL SUBSTITUTION; EMISSION CONTROL STANDARDS; CLEAN AIR ACT AMENDMENTS 90; GASOLINE ANALYSIS; AUTOMOBILE EMISSION CONTROL
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields: Overview of Research Recommendations
AN  - 14338932; 10482240
AB  - Electric and magnetic fields have been implicated as the cause of several health effects, including childhood cancer, neurobehavioral symptoms, and reproductive abnormalities. A series of articles is introduced that review the epidemiological studies, discuss methodology, and prioritize topics for further research.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Savitz, David A
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 71
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14338932?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Electric+and+Magnetic+Fields%3A+Overview+of+Research+Recommendations&rft.au=Savitz%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Savitz&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 10 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PUBLIC HEALTH; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A 39-Year Follow-Up of the U.K. Oil Refinery and Distribution Center Studies: Results for Kidney Cancer and Leukemia
AN  - 14336103; 10480879
AB  - The mortality status of a group of oil refinery and distribution center workers in the UK was traced during the 1950-89 period. Some increased mortality patterns were detected for diseases of the arteries in the refinery cohort but no healthy worker effect was detected in the distribution center group for ischemic heart disease. Mortality from all neoplasms was lower than predicted overall while mortality mortality from malignant neoplasms of the kidney was increased overall in the distribution center study. Observed deaths from leukemia were slightly less than expected in the refinery cohort and slightly more than predicted in the distribution center workers.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rushton, Lesley
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 77
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - MORTALITY PATTERNS
KW  - OIL REFINING
KW  - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
KW  - NEPHROTOXICITY
KW  - UNITED KINGDOM
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336103?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+39-Year+Follow-Up+of+the+U.K.+Oil+Refinery+and+Distribution+Center+Studies%3A+Results+for+Kidney+Cancer+and+Leukemia&rft.au=Rushton%2C+Lesley&rft.aulast=Rushton&rft.aufirst=Lesley&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS; MORTALITY PATTERNS; OIL REFINING; UNITED KINGDOM; NEPHROTOXICITY; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure of the General Population to Gasoline
AN  - 14336047; 10480875
AB  - Available data reporting general population exposures to gasoline are culled from the literature. Individual exposures appear to be greatest while indoors, with major contributors identified as outside air, indoor sources, and attached garages. Refueling, commuting, and other personal activities account for elevated exposures but endure for only a small portion of the 21-h time weighted average exposure. Average benzene exposures should be about 7 ppb, but proximity to a contaminated groundwater supply could increase exposures to over 40 ppb.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Akland, Gerald G
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 27
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - VAPORIZATION
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336047?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+of+the+General+Population+to+Gasoline&rft.au=Akland%2C+Gerald+G&rft.aulast=Akland&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GASOLINE; TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS; PUBLIC HEALTH; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; VAPORIZATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Effects of Gasoline Exposure. II. Mortality Patterns of Distribution Workers in the United States
AN  - 14335720; 10480878
AB  - Mortality patterns in a cohort of over 18,000 fuel distribution workers were studied to discern a relationship between gasoline exposure and mortality from leukemia or kidney cancer. No increased mortality from either disease was observed for marketing/marine distribution workers exposed to gasoline relative to the general population. The kidney cancer standardized mortality ratio was 65.4 and 89.1 for kidney cancer and leukemia, respectively, in land-based terminal workers. Corresponding ratios for the marine cohort were 83.7 and 70.0. No relationship was noted between gasoline exposure and increased mortality from heart disease or multiple myeloma.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wong, Otto
AU  - Harris, Fran
AU  - Smith, Thomas J
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 63
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - VAPORIZATION
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - DISEASES AND DISORDERS
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - MORTALITY PATTERNS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14335720?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Gasoline+Exposure.+II.+Mortality+Patterns+of+Distribution+Workers+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Wong%2C+Otto%3BHarris%2C+Fran%3BSmith%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Otto&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; GASOLINE; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; MORTALITY PATTERNS; VAPORIZATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - State of the Science on the Carcinogenicity of Gasoline with Particular Reference to Cohort Mortality Study Results
AN  - 14334937; 10480882
AB  - Recent research has associated gasoline exposure to lymphopoietic cancers, particularly multiple myeloma (MM) and leukemia. A review of three assessments of gasoline-exposed workers, one provides evidence of a strong link with MM and leukemia, a second indicates an association with leukemia and did not weigh data for MM, and a third is inconclusive. One case study implies a link between gasoline exposure and kidney cancer while a second does not. Some research shows an excess risk of death from malignant melanoma in refinery and gasoline-exposed workers, but an association with benzene/gasoline exposure, sunlight exposure, or a combination can not be definitively demonstrated with available data.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Infante, Peter F
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 105
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - HEART DISEASE
KW  - MORTALITY PATTERNS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14334937?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=State+of+the+Science+on+the+Carcinogenicity+of+Gasoline+with+Particular+Reference+to+Cohort+Mortality+Study+Results&rft.au=Infante%2C+Peter+F&rft.aulast=Infante&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 32 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; GASOLINE; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; HEART DISEASE; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; MORTALITY PATTERNS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Effects of Gasoline Exposure. I. Exposure Assessment for U.S. Distribution Workers
AN  - 14334888; 10480873
AB  - Personal exposures to gasoline were estimated for a group of US gasoline marketing and distribution workers. The assessment entailed analysis of existing measurement profiles to estimate job and task exposures for the 1975-85 period and extrapolation of truck and marine job exposures before 1975. Task exposures were greatest during tank filling operations in marine vessels and trucks. Measured average annual, full-shift exposures for truck drivers and for marine workers on inland waterways during 1975-85 were 9-14 and 2-35 ppm, respectively. Extrapolation to past exposures for truck workers were greatest for drivers prior to 1965.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Smith, Thomas J
AU  - Hammond, SKatherine
AU  - Wong, Otto
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 13
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - FUEL TRANSPORT
KW  - VAPORIZATION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14334888?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Gasoline+Exposure.+I.+Exposure+Assessment+for+U.S.+Distribution+Workers&rft.au=Smith%2C+Thomas+J%3BHammond%2C+SKatherine%3BWong%2C+Otto&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; GASOLINE; FUEL TRANSPORT; VAPORIZATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review of New Evidence Regarding the Relationship of Gasoline Exposure to Kidney Cancer and Leukemia
AN  - 14334739; 10480881
AB  - Four new or revised epidemiological data sets report kidney cancer and leukemia deaths for large groups with gasoline exposures as high as those experiences by gasoline distribution workers. Some evidence for a kidney cancer relationship was documented for gasoline distribution workers in three of the studies. The same number also demonstrate an acute myelocytic leukemia relationship. While this research has not proven a definitive link between gasoline exposure and kidney cancer, it provides proof for a link between such exposure and acute myelogenous leukemia.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Enterline, Philip E
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 101
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - NEPHROTOXICITY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14334739?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Review+of+New+Evidence+Regarding+the+Relationship+of+Gasoline+Exposure+to+Kidney+Cancer+and+Leukemia&rft.au=Enterline%2C+Philip+E&rft.aulast=Enterline&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 8 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; GASOLINE; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS; NEPHROTOXICITY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Acute Toxicity of Gasoline and Some Additives
AN  - 14333868; 10480884
AB  - Data from laboratory animal studies and human case reports are reviewed in an assessment of the acute toxicity of gasoline and some additives. Benzene, toluene, xylene, ethanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether, and other components or additives are moderately to mildly toxic at acute doses. These chemicals are not widely absorbed dermally, because of their voltaility, unless exposed skin is occluded. Aspiration pneumonia can result from absorption through lungs. However, no acute toxic health effects would be expected during the normal use of automotive fuels.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Reese, Elisabeth
AU  - Kimbrough, Renate D
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 115
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - ALCOHOLS
KW  - FUEL ADDITIVES
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333868?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Acute+Toxicity+of+Gasoline+and+Some+Additives&rft.au=Reese%2C+Elisabeth%3BKimbrough%2C+Renate+D&rft.aulast=Reese&rft.aufirst=Elisabeth&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GASOLINE; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; ALCOHOLS; FUEL ADDITIVES; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exposure to Methyl tert-Butyl Ether and Benzene Among Service Station Attendants and Operators
AN  - 14333814; 10480874
AB  - Gasoline vapor exposures experienced by service station attendants in Phoenix, AZ; Cincinnati, OH; and Los Angeles, CA, were determined. At two service stations that use only minimal amounts of the oxygenate, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), one of 32 personal breathing zone (PBZ) samples from workers exceeded the analytical limit of detection of 0.16 ppm; the geometric mean benzene exposure was 0.04 ppm for this group. Geometric mean MTBE and benzene exposures were 0.30 and 0.04 ppm, respectively, at stations required to use oxygenated fuel.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hartle, Richard
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 23
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - FUEL ADDITIVES
KW  - VAPORIZATION
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333814?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+Methyl+tert-Butyl+Ether+and+Benzene+Among+Service+Station+Attendants+and+Operators&rft.au=Hartle%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Hartle&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; GASOLINE; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; BENZENE; VAPORIZATION; FUEL ADDITIVES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review of the Carcinogenic Potential of Gasoline
AN  - 14332427; 10480876
AB  - Recent studies that delved into the carcinogenic potential and mechanism of gasoline in animals and humans are summarized. Vaporized unleaded gasoline induces a dose-dependent increase in renal carcinoma in male rats and increased incidence of hepatocellular tumors in female rats subjected to the highest study doses. Evidence produced in assessments of refinery workers lends no credence to a liver or kidney risk in humans. No definitive conclusions concerning the leukemia risk from low-level benzene exposure from gasoline can be drawn without additional research.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Raabe, Gerhard K
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 35
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332427?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Review+of+the+Carcinogenic+Potential+of+Gasoline&rft.au=Raabe%2C+Gerhard+K&rft.aulast=Raabe&rft.aufirst=Gerhard&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS; GASOLINE; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; BENZENE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Health Effects of Oxygenated Fuels
AN  - 14332157; 10480887
AB  - The toxicological effects of and health consequences of general public exposure to methanpl and methyl tertiaty-butyl ether (MTBE) are addressed. Available health effects data for MTBE are derived from rodent assays and exposure data are restricted to several measurements at some service stations. On this basis, the general population is not considered at high risk to MTBE vapor exposure. However, many uncertainties must be treated in estimating human risk from the use of methanol as fuel. This gasoline substitute may be toxic to humans at levels that impact enzymes involved in methanol metabolism, but available data offer little evidence to indicate that exposure to methanol vapors from methanol use as a vehicular fuel will cause adverse health effects.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Costantini, Maria G
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 151
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - FUEL ADDITIVES
KW  - VAPORIZATION
KW  - METHANOL
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332157?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Oxygenated+Fuels&rft.au=Costantini%2C+Maria+G&rft.aulast=Costantini&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GASOLINE; METHANOL; PUBLIC HEALTH; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; VAPORIZATION; FUEL ADDITIVES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of the Components of Gasoline
AN  - 14332137; 10480886
AB  - Toxicological research pertaining to the postnatal, developmental, and reproductivity toxicity of selected gasoline components is summarized. A major flaw in the data base is the relatively incomplete nature of several assessments, both in terms of the number of species assayed in three-segment protocols and in terms of dose levels. Additional research should focus on the assessment of multiple species over a range of doses and on the impact of route administration on study results.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Skalko, Richard G
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 143
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - FUEL ADDITIVES
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - SPECIES COMPARISONS
KW  - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332137?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+and+Developmental+Toxicity+of+the+Components+of+Gasoline&rft.au=Skalko%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Skalko&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; SPECIES COMPARISONS; GASOLINE; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; FUEL ADDITIVES; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Brief Survey of Butadiene Health Effects: a Role for Metabolic Differences
AN  - 14330024; 10480888
AB  - Inhalation of butadiene concentrations as low as 6.25 induces tumors in mice. The chemical is oncogenic in rats at much higher doses; the gonads and hematopoetic system are chronic toxicity targets. Differences in butadiene distribution, absorption, and elimination are minor between rats and mice. However, mice retain more butaidene and its metabolites after exposure to the same dose and have a higher rate of metabolic elimination. Major species differences are evident in the rate of detoxication of 3-epoxybutene, the primary metabolite.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Birnbaum, Linda S
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 161
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SPECIES COMPARISONS
KW  - CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS
KW  - BUTADIENE
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14330024?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Brief+Survey+of+Butadiene+Health+Effects%3A+a+Role+for+Metabolic+Differences&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+Linda+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 65 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS; SPECIES COMPARISONS; BUTADIENE; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Retrospective Mortality Study Among Canadian Petroleum Marketing and Distribution Workers
AN  - 14329989; 10480880
AB  - Mortality patterns were evaluated for 6672 Canadian petroleum marketing and distribution workers who were employed in these fields for at least 1 yr during 1964-83. Overall mortality was below that of the general Canadian population for all marketing distribution workers. Mortality from aortic aneurysms was elevated in both occupational groups but was ascribed to increased mortality in nonexposed workers. Elevated mortality due to leukemia was observed for tank truck drivers.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schnatter, ARobert
AU  - Katz, Arnold M
AU  - Nicolich, Mark J
AU  - Theriault, Gilles
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 85
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - CANADA
KW  - DISEASES AND DISORDERS
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - MORTALITY PATTERNS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14329989?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Retrospective+Mortality+Study+Among+Canadian+Petroleum+Marketing+and+Distribution+Workers&rft.au=Schnatter%2C+ARobert%3BKatz%2C+Arnold+M%3BNicolich%2C+Mark+J%3BTheriault%2C+Gilles&rft.aulast=Schnatter&rft.aufirst=ARobert&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 9 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANADA; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; MORTALITY PATTERNS; PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neurotoxic Effects of Gasoline and Gasoline Constituents
AN  - 14328801; 10480885
AB  - The neurotoxic effects of exposure to gasoline and gasoline components are gleaned from the literature. Components considered include methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether, butadiene, benzene, xylene, toluene, and alcohols. Emphasis is on neurotoxic impacts linked to chronic low-level exposures. All of the compounds discussed are neuroactive and for most there is a substantial margin of safety between the current permissible exposure levels and doses that would be expected to induce overt symptoms of neurotoxicity in humans. However, neurologic effects are observed at or below the TLV for methanol, toluene, and xylene.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Burbacher, Thomas M
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 133
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NEUROTOXICITY
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - FUEL ADDITIVES
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328801?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neurotoxic+Effects+of+Gasoline+and+Gasoline+Constituents&rft.au=Burbacher%2C+Thomas+M&rft.aulast=Burbacher&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NEUROTOXICITY; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; GASOLINE; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; FUEL ADDITIVES; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Benzene Toxicity and Risk Assessment, 1972-1992: Implications for Future Regulation
AN  - 14328428; 10480890
AB  - The validity of risk assessments for benzene exposure published in the literature in the last 20 yr is weighed. Sufficient evidence points to an increased incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia from chronic exposure to relatively high benzene concentrations. Some research implies that benzene may cause other leukemias, but these studies are inconclusive. Linear-quadratic or conditional logistic models have been frequently used for risk assessment and appear appropriate for providing the cancer risk for airborne levels of 1 ppb to 1 ppm. Exposure regulation through occupational exposure limits, drinking water stabdards, and air toxics regulations are also covered.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Paustenbach, Dennis J
AU  - Bass, Rena D
AU  - Price, Paul
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 177
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328428?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Benzene+Toxicity+and+Risk+Assessment%2C+1972-1992%3A+Implications+for+Future+Regulation&rft.au=Paustenbach%2C+Dennis+J%3BBass%2C+Rena+D%3BPrice%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Paustenbach&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS; BENZENE; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Kidney Cancer and Hydrocarbon Exposures Among Petroleum Refinery Workers
AN  - 14328394; 10480877
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Poole, Charles
AU  - Dreyer, Nancy A
AU  - Satterfield, Margaret H
AU  - Levin, Lester
AU  - Rothman, Kenneth J
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 53
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - HYDROCARBONS, AIR
KW  - OIL REFINING
KW  - NEPHROTOXICITY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328394?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Kidney+Cancer+and+Hydrocarbon+Exposures+Among+Petroleum+Refinery+Workers&rft.au=Poole%2C+Charles%3BDreyer%2C+Nancy+A%3BSatterfield%2C+Margaret+H%3BLevin%2C+Lester%3BRothman%2C+Kenneth+J&rft.aulast=Poole&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; GASOLINE; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; HYDROCARBONS, AIR; OIL REFINING; NEPHROTOXICITY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Approach to Mechanism-Based Cancer Risk Assessment for Formaldehyde
AN  - 14328088; 10480889
AB  - The use of the linearized multistage model in the current approach to cancer risk assessment is critiqued. Routes to method improvement by inclusion of data on mechanisms linking exposure with carcinogenic response are suggested and the application of this mechanistic approach to formaldehyde is illustrated. The revised risk assessment relies on data on target tissue dosimetry, size of target cell population in the rat nasal epithelium, tumor incidence, and number and size of putative preneoplastic lesions. Parameter values are established for a biologically based, multistage cancer model that can be used to project cancer risk at low exposure levels.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Conolly, Rory B
AU  - Andersen, Melvin E
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 169
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS
KW  - FORMALDEHYDE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328088?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=An+Approach+to+Mechanism-Based+Cancer+Risk+Assessment+for+Formaldehyde&rft.au=Conolly%2C+Rory+B%3BAndersen%2C+Melvin+E&rft.aulast=Conolly&rft.aufirst=Rory&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS; FORMALDEHYDE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Renal Cell Cancer and Exposure to Gasoline: a Review
AN  - 14328036; 10480883
AB  - Results of studies seeking a causal link between gasoline exposure and renal cell or kidney cancer are synthesized. The contribution of occupational risk factors as well as cigarette snoking, diet, and obesity is considered. The experimental rationale for the initial health concern of gasoline exposure and renal cell cancer appears no longer justified. Evidence from epidemiological studies indicates little likelihood for an association between gasoline exposure and kidney cancer in humans.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - McLaughlin, Joseph K
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 111
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - GASOLINE
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - NEPHROTOXICITY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328036?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Renal+Cell+Cancer+and+Exposure+to+Gasoline%3A+a+Review&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Joseph+K&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 48 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; GASOLINE; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; NEPHROTOXICITY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification and Characterization of Populations Living Near High-Voltage Transmission Lines: a Pilot Study
AN  - 14321542; 10479399
AB  - Populations living within a few hundred meters of high-voltage transmission lines in New Jersey were identified to demonstrate the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic assessment based on highly exposed groups. A computerized geographic information system was used to combine independently developed transmission line location data with with 1990 US Census data to characterize such populations. Socioeconomic and demographic data were documented for populations living close to a 230 kV line. This approach is advocated for rapid identification of cohorts living near such transmission lines on a statewide basis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wartenberg, Daniel
AU  - Greenberg, Michael
AU  - Lathrop, Richard
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 626
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION
KW  - GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
KW  - RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC, DOSES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14321542?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Identification+and+Characterization+of+Populations+Living+Near+High-Voltage+Transmission+Lines%3A+a+Pilot+Study&rft.au=Wartenberg%2C+Daniel%3BGreenberg%2C+Michael%3BLathrop%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Wartenberg&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=626&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t maps
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION; POPULATION SAMPLING; RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC, DOSES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dose Response for TCDD Promotion of Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats Initiated with DEN: Histologic, Biochemical, and Cell Proliferation Endpoints
AN  - 14319909; 10479400
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Maronpot, R R
AU  - Foley, Julie F
AU  - Takahashi, K
AU  - Goldsworthy, T
AU  - Clark, G
AU  - Tritscher, A
AU  - Portier, C
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 634
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CYTOTOXICITY
KW  - ENZYME ACTIVITY
KW  - NITROSAMINES
KW  - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS
KW  - HEPATOTOXICITY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14319909?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dose+Response+for+TCDD+Promotion+of+Hepatocarcinogenesis+in+Rats+Initiated+with+DEN%3A+Histologic%2C+Biochemical%2C+and+Cell+Proliferation+Endpoints&rft.au=Maronpot%2C+R+R%3BFoley%2C+Julie+F%3BTakahashi%2C+K%3BGoldsworthy%2C+T%3BClark%2C+G%3BTritscher%2C+A%3BPortier%2C+C&rft.aulast=Maronpot&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=634&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; CYTOTOXICITY; CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HEPATOTOXICITY; NITROSAMINES; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Inuit Exposure to Organochlorines Through the Aquatic Food Chain in Arctic Quebec
AN  - 14319845; 10479398
AB  - The contribution of food chain contamination to body burdens of organochlorines in Inuits from arctic Quebec Province, Canada, was explored. Organochlorine compounds were determined in milk fat samples from Inuit women and in fat tissues from various animals exploited for food. The total concentration of PCB congeners in human milk fat coincided with that in beluga whale tissues, while the profile for 10 PCB congeners was similar to that in polar bears. Mean organochlorine pesticide levels in Inuit milk fat were 2-10 times greater than those in samples previously sampled from southern Quebec women.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Dewailly, Eric
AU  - Ayotte, Pierre
AU  - Bruneau, Suzanne
AU  - Laliberte, Claire
AU  - Muir, Derek CG
AU  - Norstrom, Ross J
Y1  - 1993/12//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Dec 1993
SP  - 618
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 7
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - ESKIMOS
KW  - QUEBEC PROVINCE
KW  - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES
KW  - INSECTICIDE EXPOSURE
KW  - FOOD CHAINS
KW  - ARCTIC WILDLIFE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14319845?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Inuit+Exposure+to+Organochlorines+Through+the+Aquatic+Food+Chain+in+Arctic+Quebec&rft.au=Dewailly%2C+Eric%3BAyotte%2C+Pierre%3BBruneau%2C+Suzanne%3BLaliberte%2C+Claire%3BMuir%2C+Derek+CG%3BNorstrom%2C+Ross+J&rft.aulast=Dewailly&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=618&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t maps
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; FOOD CHAINS; INSECTICIDE EXPOSURE; ESKIMOS; QUEBEC PROVINCE; ARCTIC WILDLIFE; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Senate Concurrent Resolution 28 on Lebanon, Washington, D.C., 1 July 1993
AN  - 1307047680
JF  - Journal of Palestine Studies
Y1  - 1993///Winter
PY  - 1993
DA  - Winter 1993
SP  - 153
CY  - Berkeley, Calif., etc.
PB  - University of California Press for Kuwait University and the Institute for Palestine Studies.
VL  - 23
IS  - 1
SN  - 0377-919X
KW  - History--History Of The Near East
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1307047680?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apio&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Palestine+Studies&rft.atitle=Senate+Concurrent+Resolution+28+on+Lebanon%2C+Washington%2C+D.C.%2C+1+July+1993&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Palestine+Studies&rft.issn=0377919X&rft_id=info:doi/
DB  - Periodicals Index Online
N1  - Last updated - 2013-02-24
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Historically Black Colleges and Universities Historic Building Restoration and Preservation Act. Report Together with Dissenting Views [To Accompany H.R. 2921]. House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62808288; ED369353
AB  - This report presents evaluations of proposed federal legislation to provide financial support for the restoration and preservation of historic buildings on the campuses of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). The legislation enables money already appropriated to be spent on projects at HCBUs. First, the text of modifications to the bill, H.R. 2921, is presented. Next, a brief overview looks at the bill's aims, background of the legislation, and the need for it. A detailed section-by-section analysis is then provided. The 12 specific projects slated for assistance are identified. These are at the following institutions: Fisk University (Tennessee); Morris Brown College (Georgia); Shaw University (North Carolina); Savannah State College (Georgia); St. Augustine's College (North Carolina); Tougaloo College (Mississippi); Bethune-Cookman College (Florida); Morehouse College (Georgia); Howard University (District of Columbia); Hampton University (Virginia); Spelman College (Georgia); and Delaware State College. Other evaluations note legislative history and committee recommendations following hearings (favorably recommended); changes in existing law (none would be required); inflationary impact, cost and budget compliance (no inflationary impact, no significant costs); and oversight statement. A dissenting view statement is appended signed by eight representatives which supports the importance of the projects but argues that current fiscal pressures should not permit this authorization now. (JB)
Y1  - 1993/11/20/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 20
SP  - 10
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Historical Preservation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Educational Facilities
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Black Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Historic Sites
KW  - Facility Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808288?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Land-Grant Status for Certain Indian Colleges. Report To Accompany S. 1345 from the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, 103d Congress, 1st Session (November 2, 1993).
AN  - 62804751; ED364392
AB  - This report provides background on Senate Bill 1345 to establish land-grant status for 24 tribally controlled community colleges, 2 tribally controlled vocational colleges, 2 Bureau of Indian Affairs postsecondary institutions, and the Institute of American Indian Arts. Brief sections describe the history of the 73 existing land-grant institutions, the benefits of land-grant status, and the present status and enrollments of the 29 Indian institutions. This committee report amends the bill and recommends passage. The bill authorizes an endowment of $23 million for the 29 institutions; an annual appropriation of $50,000 for each institution to be used for instruction in food and agricultural sciences; an annual appropriation of $5 million for state land-grant colleges entering into cooperative agreements with the designated institutions for the delivery of extension services; and an appropriation of $1.7 million for 5 years for construction of research facilities. Dr. John Tippeconnic, Director of Office of Indian Education Programs, testified that the Bureau of Indian Affairs supports the bill and points out that Indian colleges serve the special needs of the rural Indian population in much the same way as land-grant colleges serve the rural population. (KS)
Y1  - 1993/11/19/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 19
SP  - 8
KW  - Bureau of Indian Affairs Schools
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Land Grant Universities
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Tribally Controlled Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Colleges
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - American Indian Education
KW  - American Indians
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62804751?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Including Alaska Natives in a Program for Native Culture and Arts Development. Report To Accompany S. 1059 from the Committee on Indian Affairs. Senate, 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62807590; ED370739
AB  - This report recommends a legislative amendment authorizing grants to support arts and culture development programs for Alaska Natives in the same manner as such programs are currently supported for Native Hawaiians. Missionaries and school teachers who arrived in Alaska in the late 19th and early 20th centuries attempted to impress their languages, customs, and values upon Alaska Natives and encouraged the abandonment of Native arts and cultures. While U.S. policy compelled the abandonment of indigenous languages and cultures well into the 20th century, Congress has in recent years authorized special programs to enable American Indians and Native Hawaiians to recover and sustain their arts and cultures. Due to the large distance between Hawaii and the mainland United States, Congress has enacted legislation to preserve and protect Hawaiian culture separate from legislation covering American Indian culture. Similarly, support for arts and culture development of Alaska's Eskimos, Aleuts, and Indians should be provided in Alaska. A possible beneficiary of the amendment may be the Alaska Native Heritage Park, a statewide Alaska Native cultural center in planning for almost 12 years. Includes the text of the proposed amendment to Section 1521 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1986 (the Program for Native Hawaiian Culture and Arts Development) and a cost estimate from the Congressional Budget Office of approximately $2 million annually. (SV)
Y1  - 1993/11/17/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 17
SP  - 6
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Cultural Maintenance
KW  - Cultural Preservation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Hawaiians
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Grants
KW  - Cultural Education
KW  - Alaska Natives
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807590?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1993. Report together with Supplemental Views [To Accompany H.R. 2884.] House of Representatives, 103D Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62796267; ED367914
AB  - This document contains the text of the legislation called the "School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1993," the amendment proposed for the pending legislation, and supplemental views, including cost estimate. Sections of the proposed legislation include the following: table of contents, basic program components, implementation grants to states, grants to local partnerships, national programs and reports, waiver of statutory and regulatory requirements, safeguards, and reauthorization legislation for the Job Training for the Homeless Demonstration Program under the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act. The legislation is proposed to do the following: (1) establish a national framework within which all states can create statewide School-to-Work Opportunities systems that are a part of comprehensive education reform; (2) use workplaces as active learning components in the educational process by making employers joint partners with educators in providing opportunities for all students to participate in high-quality, work-based learning experiences; (3) use federal funds to pay the initial costs of planning and establishing School-to-Work Opportunities systems; (4) help all students attain high academic and occupational standards; (5) build on and advance promising systems such as tech prep, career academies, school-to-apprenticeship programs, cooperative education, and other programs; and (6) promote education for high risk youths and prevent them from dropping out of school. (KC)
Y1  - 1993/11/10/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 10
SP  - 53
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - School to Work Opportunities Act 1993
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - High Risk Students
KW  - Dropout Prevention
KW  - Noncollege Bound Students
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - State Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62796267?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related document, see CE 066 218.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Alternative Punishments for Young Offenders. Report together with Dissenting Views To Accompany H.R. 3351. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62690403; ED373283
AB  - This report of the Congressional Committee on the Judiciary, comments favorably on the bill H.R. 3351, an amendment to the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. H.R. 3351 is intended to assist the States and local governments in developing alternatives to traditional modes of probation and incarceration for certain young offenders. Such alternatives would enable probation and correctional systems to provide certainty of punishment for those 28 years and younger, in forms designed to have a greater impact on these young offenders than mere probation. The alternatives provided would also allow punishment of young offenders in settings other than traditional incarceration when it is appropriate and consistent with the demands of public safety. This report, directed to the full House, includes a summary of the bill's purpose, the background to the bill, and a section-by-section analysis. Also detailed is an amendment to the bill. A dissenting view to H.R. 3351 appears at the end. Attached to the report is a copy of H.R. 3351. (RJM)
Y1  - 1993/11/03/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 03
SP  - 29
KW  - Alternative Punishments
KW  - Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
KW  - Violent Crime Control Act 1994
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Delinquent Rehabilitation
KW  - Crime
KW  - Rehabilitation Programs
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Young Adults
KW  - Criminal Law
KW  - Correctional Rehabilitation
KW  - Children
KW  - Youth
KW  - Criminals
KW  - Adolescents
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62690403?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1993. Report Together with Minority Views [To Accompany S.1361]. Senate 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62805719; ED363773
AB  - This document reports on and recommends for passage the School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1993 (S. 1361), legislation proposed to establish a national framework within which states can create statewide School-to-Work Opportunities systems enabling youth to identify and navigate paths to productive and progressively more rewarding roles in the workplace. These systems are intended to provide students with performance-based education and training programs that will enable them to earn portable credentials, prepare them for first jobs in high-skill, high-wage careers, and increase opportunities for further education or training. This report provides a summary and history of the proposed legislation, a rationale for it, a summary of the committee views on the bill, a cost estimate for its implementation, a regulatory impact statement, a section-by-section analysis, and minority views concerning the bill. (KC)
Y1  - 1993/11/02/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 02
SP  - 40
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Competency Based Education
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Job Training
KW  - Employment Programs
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62805719?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Educational Research and Improvement Act of 1993. Report To Accompany S. 286 from the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources. 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62803618; ED372733
AB  - The Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources reports favorably on the bill (S. 286) to extend and strengthen authorities of the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) and to promote a number of education-improvement programs through fiscal year 1999. OERI is the research and development arm of the U.S. Department of Education. In spite of the importance of its duties, funding in terms of constant dollars has decreased approximately 80% since 1973. The proposed act seeks to reverse this trend by redefining the authorities, functions, and responsibilities of the office, and establishing five new research directorates. The bill also creates a nonpartisan Advisory Board of Educational Research to review research and evaluate its quality. An Office of Dissemination and Reform Assistance is established to provide national coordination, and regional education laboratories are established to advance the National Education Goals. In addition, S. 286 includes a minority focused civic education program for improved instruction in civics for minorities and Native Americans. This initiative also supports teacher education in civics. The Committee believes that this act will support educational research of the highest quality and will strengthen the flow of information and technical assistance to every student. (SLD)
Y1  - 1993/11/02/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Nov 02
SP  - 44
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - Office of Educational Research and Improvement
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Citizenship Education
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Teacher Education
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Demonstration Programs
KW  - Public Agencies
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Program Development
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Civics
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62803618?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - American Indian Agricultural Resource Management Act. Reports To Accompany H.R. 1425, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, Senate (Calendar No. 298), and from the Committee on Natural Resources, House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62807316; ED370740
AB  - Of the 54 million acres of Indian-owned lands held in trust by the United States, approximately 75 percent is used for agricultural production. Nevertheless, in 1993 over 1.1 million acres of Indian agricultural lands lay idle. The American Indian Agricultural Resource Management Act seeks to establish a viable system for management and administration of Indian owned agricultural lands, enhance the production capabilities of Indian ranchers and farmers, affirm the authority of tribal governments in the management of Indian agricultural lands, and enhance educational opportunities for Indian students in the management of Indian natural resources. These two reports recommend passage of the act, and describe demographic and historical background for Indian agricultural programs; Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) agriculture programs and their staffing; educational and employment opportunities for Native students; and committee and tribal concerns about bureaucratic delays, civil trespass on Indian lands, leasing of Indian agricultural lands, and the rights of Indian landowners. Title II of the act creates: (1) 20 federally funded internship positions for American Indian and Alaska Native students enrolled full-time in an agricultural resources study program; (2) a cooperative education program with tribal colleges to recruit Native agricultural students for employment in federal agencies; (3) scholarships for Indians enrolled in accredited agriculture-related programs; (4) an agricultural resource education outreach program for Indian youth; and (5) federal employment for Indian graduates of tribal or BIA agriculture programs, possibly in exchange for assumption of student loans. Includes section-by-section analysis of the act and a cost estimate by the Congressional Budget Office. (SV)
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 57
KW  - American Indian Agric Resource Mangmt Act 1993
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Resource Management Agricultural Resources
KW  - Tribal Management
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - American Indian Reservations
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Employment Opportunities
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - American Indians
KW  - Natural Resources
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Opportunities
KW  - American Indian Education
KW  - Agricultural Education
KW  - Federal Indian Relationship
KW  - Alaska Natives
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807316?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Contains some small type.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Transforming Ideas for Teaching and Learning To Read. State of the Art.
AN  - 62805022; ED363861
AB  - Based on research findings and practical experience, this booklet presents 10 interrelated ideas to transform instruction in reading and heighten literacy learning for all students. The booklet notes that research has led to new understandings about basic cognitive and instructional processes (particularly those involved in reading comprehension). The 10 ideas discussed in the booklet are: (1) children, when reading, construct their own meaning; (2) effective reading instruction can develop engaged readers who are knowledgeable, strategic, motivated, and socially interactive; (3) phonemic awareness is one of the best predictors of later success in reading; (4) modeling is an important form of classroom support for literacy learning; (5) storybook reading, done in the context of sharing experiences, ideas, and opinions, is a highly demanding mental activity for children; (6) responding to literature helps students construct their own meaning which may not always be the same for all readers; (7) children who engage in daily discussions about what they read are more likely to become critical readers and learners; (8) expert readers have strategies that they use to construct meaning before, during, and after reading; (9) children's reading and writing abilities develop together; and (10) the most valuable form of reading assessment reflects current understanding about the reading process and simulates authentic reading tasks. A 12-item list of suggested reading is attached. Contains 56 references. (RS)
AU  - Sweet, Anne P.
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 22
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402--9328.
SN  - 0160429897
KW  - Paired Reading
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Parents
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Elementary Education
KW  - Teacher Behavior
KW  - Reading
KW  - Reader Response
KW  - Discussion (Teaching Technique)
KW  - Reading Strategies
KW  - Reading Skills
KW  - Reading Writing Relationship
KW  - Literature Reviews
KW  - Reading Research
KW  - Reading Instruction
KW  - Phonemic Awareness
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - Reading Diagnosis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62805022?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Blue Ribbon Schools: Outstanding Practices in Geography Education, 1989-90 and History Education, 1990-92.
AN  - 62804367; ED365620
AB  - This document is a report on 16 schools selected as Blue Ribbon Schools for their outstanding programs in geography or history. The report is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the curricular frameworks and guidelines for elementary and secondary schools in geography education. Areas discussed include: (1) current achievement and instruction; (2) goals of geography education; (3) curriculum; (4) instruction; (5) teacher preparation; (6) obstacles and initiatives; and (7) references. Part 2 gives profiles of the eight outstanding schools in geography. The schools are: (1) Lee County Primary, Leesburg, Georgia; (2) Aikahi Elementary, Kailua, Hawaii; (3) Diamond Elementary, Gaithersburg, Maryland; (4) Aquila Primary Center, St. Louis Park, Minnesota; (5) Hebrew Academy of Atlantic County, Margate, New Jersey; (6) Andrew Jackson Elementary, Old Hickory, Tennessee; (7) Corpus Christi Catholic School, Houston, Texas; and (8) Ashlawn Elementary, Arlington, Virginia. The third part of the report is the curricular frameworks and guidelines for elementary and secondary schools in history education. Areas discusses are interdisciplinary instruction, time on task, and cultural diversity. References are included in this section also. The last part of the report is the profiles of the winning schools in history. They are: (1) Black Mountain Middle School, San Diego, California; (2) Rancho Buena Vista High, Vista, California; (3) Broad Meadows Middle School, Quincy, Massachusetts; (4) North Shore High, Glen Head, New York; (5) Convent of the Sacred Heart, New York City, New York; (6) Thomas J Stovall Junior High, Houston, Texas; (7) Highland Park Elementary, Austin, Texas; and (8) Eton School, Bellevue, Washington. (DK)
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 39
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - PIP-93-1302
KW  - Blue Ribbon Schools
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Guidelines
KW  - Social Studies
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Elementary School Curriculum
KW  - Curriculum Evaluation
KW  - History Instruction
KW  - Cultural Differences
KW  - Geography Instruction
KW  - Interdisciplinary Approach
KW  - Geography
KW  - Secondary School Curriculum
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62804367?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Cover title varies slightly.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Degrees in Science and Mathematics: National Trends and State-by-State Data.
AN  - 62803337; ED366614
AB  - This compilation of recent statistical information on science and mathematics degrees in the United States also describes the larger environment of employment of individuals with science and mathematics degrees and provides some information on non-U.S. citizens receiving degrees in these areas. Data are derived from four survey programs of the National Center for Education Statistics, as well as from other government agencies. On the national level, bachelor's degrees in science and mathematics declined by close to 16 percent between 1985-86 and 1989-90, in contrast to an increase of 6 percent in bachelor's degrees overall. Decreases were found for every state. In contrast, master's degrees in science increased in 37 states and doctoral degrees in science increased in 44 states in the same period. On the national level, master's degrees in science and mathematics rose by 9 percent and doctor's degrees in these field rose by 25 percent. Increases were noted for computer sciences, engineering, and health sciences, but decreases were seen for the agricultural sciences, life sciences, and physical sciences. Nonresident aliens were awarded over 50 of all doctor's degrees in engineering and mathematics in 1989-90, and master's and doctor's degrees in these field increased at a faster rate for nonresident aliens than for U.S. students. Forty-five tables and four charts summarize information on degrees attained. A glossary of terms and a guide to data sources are included. (SLD)
AU  - Harworth, Irene
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 207
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160420717
KW  - Bureau of Labor Statistics
KW  - Bureau of the Census
KW  - High School Transcript Study 1987
KW  - Higher Education General Information Survey
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - Recent College Graduates Study 1987 (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Salaries
KW  - Masters Degrees
KW  - Geographic Distribution
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Census Figures
KW  - Mathematics
KW  - Foreign Students
KW  - Degrees (Academic)
KW  - Sciences
KW  - Bachelors Degrees
KW  - State Surveys
KW  - Doctoral Degrees
KW  - Employment Patterns
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trend Analysis
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LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Copyright Reform Act of 1993. Report To Accompany H.R. 897 and Bill. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62802527; ED366350
AB  - This report accompanies H.R. 897, the Copyright Reform Act of 1993. The bill, intended to amend title 17, United States Code, to modify certain recordation and registration requirements, to establish copyright arbitration royalty panels to replace the Copyright Royalty Tribunal, and for other purposes, is favorably reported by the Committee on the Judiciary with amendments. The text of the amendments is included. Other sections of the report include an explanation of the amendment; purpose of the legislation; a history of the committee action and vote of the legislation; the hearings on the bill; the legislative history of the bill; section-by-section analysis of the bill; committee oversight findings; Committee on Government Operations oversight findings; new budget authority and tax expenditures; inflationary impact statement; Congressional Budget Office cost estimate; and changes in the existing law made by the bill. The text of H.R. 897 is appended to the report. (JLB)
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 65
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Fair Use (Copyrights)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Copyrights
KW  - Federal Regulation
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62802527?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Language Characteristics and Schooling in the United States, A Changing Picture: 1979 and 1989.
AN  - 62796881; ED365167
AB  - In 1989, the number of persons in the United States who spoke languages other than English at home was at an all-time high. This number has increased rapidly in recent years as immigration flows have brought in new residents who are native speakers of other languages. To accommodate persons who speak languages other than English, changes are being made in school systems, in the workplace, and in health and social support systems. This report is the first to present information about recent changes that have occurred in the composition and characteristics of persons who speak languages other than English in the United States. It discusses trends between 1979 and 1989 in the numbers and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of non-English language speakers. The report also focuses on the relationship between language usage and progress through school of children 8 to 15 years old and schooling of persons 16 to 24 years old. Appended are a list of data sources and definitions, information on alternate measures of non-English language usage and English language proficiency, information on accuracy of estimates and statistical procedures, and standard error tables. (KM)
AU  - McArthur, Edith K.
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 73
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160429986
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Language Proficiency
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Adult Students
KW  - Immigrants
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Sociocultural Patterns
KW  - Second Language Learning
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - English (Second Language)
KW  - Language Fluency
KW  - Demography
KW  - Second Languages
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Limited English Speaking
KW  - Population Trends
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62796881?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - State of the Scene: Science Education in the Nation. Revised Edition.
AN  - 62712888; ED382449
AB  - This report is intended as an information resource for teachers, scientists, and others involved in developing science curricula, science literacy materials for the public, or related information addressing issues of science education reform. The following sections are included: (1) Introduction; (2) The Big (Numbers) Picture: Selected Data; (3) Some Positive Signs of Strength; (4) Selected Developmental Issues; (5) Glossary of Selected Terms; (6) Key Acronyms in Science Education: (7) Resources for Science Education: (8) Characteristics of Good Curricula; (9) Model Programs and Projects; (10) Key Contact Directory; and (11) Public Health Service Life Sciences Education and Science Literacy Board Members. Contains a 94-item bibliography. (ZWH)
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 41
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160430267
KW  - Reform Efforts
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Science Programs
KW  - Science Curriculum
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Biological Sciences
KW  - Secondary Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62712888?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Klamath Falls, Oregon earthquake of September 20, 1993
AN  - 50212368; 1994-055306
JF  - Newsletter - Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
AU  - Cole, Craig A
AU  - Bugni, David A
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - November 1993
SP  - 1
EP  - 4
PB  - Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
VL  - 27
IS  - 11
SN  - 0270-8337, 0270-8337
KW  - United States
KW  - geologic hazards
KW  - seismic intensity
KW  - magnitude
KW  - damage
KW  - modified Mercalli scale
KW  - Klamath County Oregon
KW  - foreshocks
KW  - Oregon
KW  - engineering geology
KW  - aftershocks
KW  - Klamath Falls Oregon
KW  - buildings
KW  - epicenters
KW  - earthquakes
KW  - Klamath Falls earthquake 1993
KW  - 30:Engineering geology
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsletter+-+Earthquake+Engineering+Research+Institute&rft.atitle=The+Klamath+Falls%2C+Oregon+earthquake+of+September+20%2C+1993&rft.au=Cole%2C+Craig+A%3BBugni%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Newsletter+-+Earthquake+Engineering+Research+Institute&rft.issn=02708337&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute.
N1  - Date revised - 1994-01-01
N1  - PubXState - CA
N1  - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aftershocks; buildings; damage; earthquakes; engineering geology; epicenters; foreshocks; geologic hazards; Klamath County Oregon; Klamath Falls earthquake 1993; Klamath Falls Oregon; magnitude; modified Mercalli scale; Oregon; seismic intensity; United States
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - China's economic dilemmas in the 1990's - the problems of reforms, modernization, and interdependence
AN  - 38376701; 1299490
JF  - Conservative review
AU  - Senese, Donald J
AU  - Senese, Donald J
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Nov 1993
SP  - 36
PB  - M.E. Sharpe
VL  - 4
IS  - 6
SN  - 1047-5990, 1047-5990
KW  - Economics
KW  - Interdependence
KW  - Modernization
KW  - China
KW  - Economic reform
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Conservative+review&rft.atitle=China%27s+economic+dilemmas+in+the+1990%27s+-+the+problems+of+reforms%2C+modernization%2C+and+interdependence&rft.au=Senese%2C+Donald+J&rft.aulast=Senese&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservative+review&rft.issn=10475990&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3989 10691; 8179; 6626 3429; 93 116 30
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Estimating Consumption of Freshwater Fish among Maine Anglers
AN  - 20533054; 9226471
AB  - In deriving water quality standards and appropriate restoration levels for contaminated surface waters, the potential for human exposure is often the most important factor to be considered. For certain persistent compounds, like 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TODD) or mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls, a primary pathway of human exposure is through ingestion offish obtained from affected waters. Pending water quality regulation for TCDD in Maine required that estimates be made of the rate of consumption of freshwater fish obtained from rivers that receive TCDD discharges. Because commercial freshwater fishers do not exist on Maine rivers, any freshwater fish that are eaten have been caught by anglers. A statewide mail survey of Maine's licensed anglers was undertaken to characterize rates offish consumption from rivers and streams in Maine. The survey was mailed to 2,500 licensed resident anglers who were randomly selected from state license files. The response rate of 70% (based on deliverable surveys) resulted in a usable sample of 1,612 anglers. Results ofthis study indicated that, if fish are shared with other fish eaters in the household, the annual average consumption of freshwater river fish per consuming angler in Maine is 3.7 g/d. Comparisons of findings of this study and of studies in other regions of the United States show considerable variations in fish consumption rates, supporting the use of state- or region-specific estimates of fish consumption in establishing water quality regulations for persistent, biologically accumulative compounds.
JF  - North American Journal of Fisheries Management
AU  - Ebert, Ellen S
AU  - Harrington, Natalie W
AU  - Boyle, Kevin J
AU  - Knight, James W
AU  - Keenan, Russell E
AD  - ChemRisk registered Division, McLaren/Hart Environmental Engineering Corp., Stroudwater Crossing, 1685 Congress Street, Portland, Maine 04102, USA
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Nov 1993
SP  - 737
EP  - 745
PB  - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln.
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
SN  - 0275-5947, 0275-5947
KW  - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources
KW  - water quality
KW  - Surface water
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Freshwater fish
KW  - Water quality
KW  - Streams
KW  - Toxicity tests
KW  - households
KW  - Fishery management
KW  - Fish consumption
KW  - Pollutant persistence
KW  - Seafood
KW  - PCB compounds
KW  - Pollution indicators
KW  - PCB
KW  - Rivers
KW  - Freshwater environments
KW  - Fishermen
KW  - River discharge
KW  - TCDD
KW  - fishery management
KW  - Water quality standards
KW  - Ingestion
KW  - USA, Maine
KW  - Fish
KW  - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms
KW  - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management
KW  - D 04060:Management and Conservation
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Estimating+Consumption+of+Freshwater+Fish+among+Maine+Anglers&rft.au=Ebert%2C+Ellen+S%3BHarrington%2C+Natalie+W%3BBoyle%2C+Kevin+J%3BKnight%2C+James+W%3BKeenan%2C+Russell+E&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8675%281993%290132.3.CO%3B2
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-05-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-07
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fish consumption; Pollutant persistence; Fishermen; River discharge; Water quality; Freshwater fish; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; PCB; Rivers; Fishery management; Surface water; Freshwater environments; TCDD; Streams; water quality; fishery management; Ingestion; Water quality standards; households; Fish; Seafood; PCB compounds; USA, Maine; Freshwater
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1993)013<0737:ECOFFA>2.3.CO;2
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution of Inorganic Compounds in Sediments from Three Waterways in Northern New Jersey
AN  - 19251289; 9311024
AB  - A study of the Arthur Kill, Hackensack River and Kill van Kull was conducted to further quantify the spatial distribution of metals within the watershed and to more closely examine the ecological hazard associated with specific locations. Toxic potency of metal-contaminated sediments was evaluated with use of hazard indices for each waterway. All metals of concern exceeded their respective National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration guideline limits. Vertical distribution of metals in sediment cores was examined with respect to radionuclides to determine approximate dates of deposition. Sedimentation rates were calculated from radioisotope measurements yielding pollution profiles of sediment cores indicative of elevated metal concentrations deposited prior to 1950. Decreased concentrations of certain metals were observed for periods starting in the 1960s. However, metal-laden wastes are currently deposited in the Arthur Kill and Passaic Rivers. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the presence of toxic metals in surficial and buried sediments must be considered a significant factor in the overall environmental quality of the Newark Bay and its major tributaries. (Martini-PTT)
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology BECTA6, Vol. 51, No. 5, p 672-680, November 1993. 2 fig, 4 tab, 16 ref.
AU  - Bonnevie, N L
AU  - Wenning, R J
AU  - Huntley, S L
AU  - Bedbury, H
AD  - ChemRisk-A Division of McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress Street, Portland, Maine
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Nov 1993
KW  - Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - *Path of pollutants
KW  - *Sediment contamination
KW  - *Inorganic compounds
KW  - *Metals
KW  - *Hazard assessment
KW  - *Toxicity
KW  - *New Jersey
KW  - Environmental quality trends
KW  - Radioactive dating
KW  - Sedimentation rates
KW  - Standards
KW  - Hackensack River
KW  - Arthur Kill
KW  - Kill van Kull
KW  - SW 3070:Water quality control
KW  - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Distribution of inorganic compounds in sediments from three waterways in northern New Jersey
AN  - 16530836; 4408443
AB  - Recently, a screening-level study of surficial sediments within Newark Bay, New Jersey was conducted to determine the spatial distribution of trace metals throughout the watershed. The results of the analysis indicated that concentrations of trace metals exist within the estuary at levels potentially posing serious ecological hazards to fish and benthic invertebrates. Based on the results of that study, a more extensive sediment sampling effort was conducted to more specifically identify areas with high metal contamination relative to potential sources. The focus of this study was to further quantify the spatial distribution of metals within the watershed and to more closely examine the ecological hazard at specific locations. In addition, vertical distributions were examined in sediment cores and the activities of the radionuclides super(210)Pb and super(137)Cs were measured within the cores to provide approximate dates of deposition. From this information, it may be possible to identify possible current and historical sources of contamination and areas in which further toxicological testing should be conducted.
JF  - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
AU  - Bonnevie, N L
AU  - Wenning, R J
AU  - Huntley, S L
AU  - Bedbury, H
AD  - ChemRisk - Div. McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA
Y1  - 1993/11//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Nov 1993
SP  - 672
EP  - 680
VL  - 51
IS  - 5
SN  - 0007-4861, 0007-4861
KW  - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts
KW  - Ecological effects
KW  - Spatial distribution
KW  - Cesium radioisotopes
KW  - Sediment contamination
KW  - Lead radioisotopes
KW  - Freshwater
KW  - Watersheds
KW  - Marine sediments
KW  - Cores
KW  - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay
KW  - Marine
KW  - Sediment pollution
KW  - Vertical distribution
KW  - Estuaries
KW  - Brackish
KW  - Pollution surveys
KW  - Radioactive contamination
KW  - Trace metals
KW  - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate
KW  - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Distribution+of+inorganic+compounds+in+sediments+from+three+waterways+in+northern+New+Jersey&rft.au=Bonnevie%2C+N+L%3BWenning%2C+R+J%3BHuntley%2C+S+L%3BBedbury%2C+H&rft.aulast=Bonnevie&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1993-11-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=672&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2006-11-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-05-06
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vertical distribution; Sediment pollution; Cores; Spatial distribution; Estuaries; Radioactive contamination; Watersheds; Pollution surveys; Trace metals; Marine sediments; Ecological effects; Cesium radioisotopes; Lead radioisotopes; Sediment contamination; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Newark Bay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - S. 1383, Children's Protection from Violent Programming Act of 1993; S. 973, Television Report Card Act of 1993; and S. 943, Children's Television Violence Protection Act of 1993. Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62632976; ED386658
AB  - It is estimated that the typical American child will watch 8,000 murders and 100,000 acts of violence before finishing elementary school. Concern for the impact television violence may have on American society prompted this Senate hearing. As stated by Senator Hollings, the goals of the hearing were the following: (1) to determine the compelling State interest; (2) examine the historical record of Congress in this area; (3) review how the television industry could police itself; and (4) study the numerous bills which had been introduced. Opening statements were made by the following U.S. Senators (in order): Ernest F. Hollings, John C. Danforth, J. James Exon, Conrad Burns, Byron L. Dorgan, John F. Kerry, Slade Gorton, Kay Bailey Hutchison, and Larry Pressler. Those presenting testimony were: Catherine Belter, National Parent Teacher Association; Winston Cox, Showtime Networks Inc. & National Cable Television Association's Satellite Network Programmers Committee; Gael Davis, National Council of Negro Women; Al DeVaney, WPWR-TV Channel 50 & Association of Independent Television Stations, Inc.; Edward Donnerstein, Department of Communications, University of California; Paul Dovre, Concordia College; Dave Durenberger, U.S. Senator from Minnesota; Robert Gould, National Coalition on Television Violence; Carl Levin, U.S. Senator from Michigan; Mara Purl, Susan Clark, & Alex Karas; James Quello, Federal Communications Commission; Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States; Paul Simon, U.S. Senator from Illinois; Joy Stockwell & Dean Stockwell; Howard Stringer, CBS Broadcast Group; Jack Valenti, Motion Picture Association of America; George Vradenburg, III, Fox, Inc.; Lindsay Wagner. Appendices include: Carl Levin, U.S. Senator, letter from, to U.S. Senator Hollings, dated November 3, 1993; prepared statement of the American Medical Association; Ed Donnerstein, University of California, Santa Barbara, letter from, to John Windhausen; prepared statement of Senator Dorgan; and "H. F. Guggenheim Urges Vigilance against Media Violence," press release. (JBJ)
Y1  - 1993/10/20/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Oct 20
SP  - 138
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160463270
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Mass Media Use
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Childrens Television
KW  - Children
KW  - Violence
KW  - Mass Media Role
KW  - Mass Media Effects
KW  - Television Viewing
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Child Rearing
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Programming (Broadcast)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62632976?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - National Excellence: A Case for Developing America's Talent.
AN  - 62894778; ED359743
AB  - This report on the educational needs of American gifted and talented students identifies indicators of an educational crisis, describes the current status of education for these students, and presents recommendations to meet the educational needs of these students. Indicators demonstrating the need for change include the relatively poor performance by American students on international tests and the small number of students performing at the highest levels on National Assessment of Educational Progress tests. Recent studies have shown that gifted and talented elementary school students have mastered 35-40% of the curriculum in five basic subjects before they begin the school year; most regular classroom teachers make few, if any, provisions for talented students; highest achieving students study less than an hour a day; and only 2 cents out of every $100 spent on K-12 education supports special opportunities for talented students. A review describes how gifted and talented students are currently identified, the number of students served, the kind of support available, the kind of education most gifted and talented students receive, and characteristics of effective programs for these students. Seven recommendations are offered: (1) set challenging curricular standards; (2) establish high-level learning opportunities; (3) ensure access to early childhood education; (4) increase learning opportunities for disadvantaged and minority children with outstanding talents; (5) broaden the definition of gifted (a broadened definition based on the federal Javits Gifted and Talented Education Act is offered); (6) encourage appropriate teacher training and technical assistance; and (7) match world performance. (Contains 43 references.) (DB)
AU  - Ross, Pat O'Connell
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 42
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160429285
KW  - Javits Gifted and Talented Students Act
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Excellence in Education
KW  - Special Education
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Expenditure per Student
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Comparative Education
KW  - Ability Identification
KW  - Gifted Disadvantaged
KW  - Definitions
KW  - Gifted
KW  - Talent
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Talent Identification
KW  - Futures (of Society)
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62894778?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Foreword by Richard W. Riley, Secretary of Educati
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Reaching the Goals. Goal 2: High School Completion.
AN  - 62809810; ED363455
AB  - The second of the National Education Goals, adopted following a summit meeting held in 1989 between the U.S. President and 50 governors, states that, by the year 2000, the high school graduation rate will increase to at least 90%. This document, an abridged version of a report produced by a work group on school completion, is an examination of what will be needed to achieve that goal. An executive summary notes the need for greater emphasis on retaining students whose background generally does not indicate a risk of dropping out, but who, despite that fact, constitute the majority of dropouts. It highlights four critical issues of policy and practice in light of current education reforms. The issues are: (1) the consequences for graduation rates of the trend to develop national standards; (2) the rationalization of state graduation requirements; (3) the educational implications of incentives to raise the academic motivation and effort of students; and (4) the development and testing of theory-based studies of school persistence and retention. The report indicates how many additional students would need to complete high school to achieve the 90% goal, and identifies characteristics of dropouts. Existing policies at the national, state, school, and local levels as they affect students are discussed; family, school, and social environments that exert influence are also examined. The report then notes four areas still in need of research, namely: what is really known about mainstream dropouts? what are the factors that lead certain groups to drop out at greater rates than those in the mainstream? what are the consequences of completing a GED rather than a regular high school diploma? and to what extent does the lure of adolescent employment and the challenge of teenage parenting influence the prospects for higher graduation rates? Finally, the report calls for a move toward developing and advancing theoretical concepts that treat retention, graduation and completion as consequences of a dynamic interaction of such variables as student characteristics, school context, occupational prospects, and cultural influences, and examines some directions a national research agenda might take. Contains 49 references. (HTH)
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 43
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (Stock No. 065-000-00613-8, $2.75).
VL  - PIP-93-1018
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Influences
KW  - Dropout Characteristics
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Graduation
KW  - Dropout Research
KW  - Dropout Prevention
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Student Needs
KW  - High School Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809810?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Prepared by the Goal 2 Workgroup.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - School Change Models and Processes: A Review and Synthesis of Research and Practice.
AN  - 62809123; ED362960
AB  - This report examines a 30-year history of educational change to identify differing perspectives, strategies, and useful principles. The three most influential perspectives in educational change are the rational-scientific perspective, which proposes that change is created through the dissemination of innovative techniques; the political perspective, which generates change through legislation and other directives outside the school district; and the cultural perspective which seeks improvement through value changes in organizations. There are four strategies for implementing change: fix the parts, fix the people, fix the schools, and fix the system. Systemic education reform offers new hope because it brings together the technical knowledge needed for improvement with a locally sensitive education strategy. Through the Goals 2000 Initiative, the U.S. Department of Education supports reform efforts within the framework of the six National Education Goals. The Department and the Office of Educational Research and Improvement support standards-based assessment techniques. They also assist states in developing curriculum frameworks and help disseminate sound research and practice-based knowledge. A reference bibliography, illustrative programs, and additional sources are included. (JPT)
AU  - Sashkin, Marshall
AU  - Egermeier, John
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 58
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160429196
KW  - America 2000
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Excellence in Education
KW  - Curriculum Development
KW  - School Restructuring
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Government Publications
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809123?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For earlier draft, see ED 351 757.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Digest of Education Statistics 1993.
AN  - 62809090; ED362971
AB  - This document, consisting of 7 chapters, 34 figures, 412 tables, plus 20 appended tables, provides statistical data on most aspects of U.S. education, both public and private, from kindergarten through graduate school. The chapters cover the following topics: (1) "All Levels of Education"; (2) "Elementary and Secondary Education"; (3) "Postsecondary Education" which include college and university education as well as vocational and adult education; (4) "Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities"; (5) "Outcomes of Education"; (6) "International Comparisons of "Education"; and (7) "Learning Resources and Technology." The publication contains information on a variety of subjects including the number of schools and colleges, teachers, enrollments, and graduates, in addition to educational attainment, finances, federal funds for education, employment and income of graduates, libraries, and international education. Supplemental information on population trends, attitudes on education, education characteristics of the labor force, government finances, and economic trends provides background for evaluating education data. Included among data not appearing in previous editions are the following: teachers' opinions on the education system; financial statistics of urban, suburban, and rural school districts; plans and activities of high school sophomores; public elementary and secondary school expenditures, by function and state; and international literacy and geography achievements of students. A short introduction provides a brief overview of current trends in American education, and each chapter highlights significant trends. Guides to tabular presentations and sources are provided along with definitions and an index. (MLF)
AU  - Snyder, Thomas D.
AU  - Hoffman, Charlene M.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 571
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents. Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160420520
KW  - High School Sophomores
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Employment Level
KW  - Salaries
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Educational Attainment
KW  - Degrees (Academic)
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Student Costs
KW  - Library Statistics
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - Microcomputers
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - School Demography
KW  - National Norms
KW  - Mathematics Achievement
KW  - Dropout Rate
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - College Faculty
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Ethnic Groups
KW  - Government Publications
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Technical Education
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Private Schools
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62809090?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Numerous statistical tables contain small print. F
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Sticking Together II: Strengthening Linkages and the Transition between Early Childhood Education and Early Elementary School. Summary of the National Policy Forum (2nd, Washington, D.C., November 5-6, 1992).
AN  - 62808968; ED363438
AB  - This document summarizes presentations made at a national policy forum concerning children's transition from home and preschool to the first years of elementary school. Opening remarks from representatives of the sponsoring agencies reviewed Goal One of the National Education Goals, which states that by the year 2000 all children in the United States will start school ready to learn, and described their agencies' work in the area of school transition. A plenary session included a presentation of various linkage and transition issues which were later addressed individually in small group discussions and regional laboratory activities. Two presenters then addressed the issue of parental and family involvement in the transition to school, while three individuals discussed the State Head Start Collaboration Program in Texas, Pennsylvania, and Oregon. Six roundtable sessions examined various issues involved in the home to school transition process. Concluding remarks addressed the challenges and opportunities facing early childhood education. A list of the forum's participants, along with their affiliations, addresses, and telephone numbers, is also included. (MDM)
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 48
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160429374
KW  - America 2000
KW  - Linkage
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - Regional Educational Laboratories
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Primary Education
KW  - Student Adjustment
KW  - Family School Relationship
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Transitional Programs
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Parent Participation
KW  - School Readiness
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808968?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For First National Policy Forum, see ED 351 152. A
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - A Guide to Developing Educational Partnerships.
AN  - 62807747; ED362992
AB  - This guidebook provides practical information for developing educational partnerships, which is based on the experiences of 30 different partnerships in the Office of Educational Research and Improvement's (OERI) Educational Partnership Program. Conclusions about the process of developing a partnership are offered. First, partnerships should be developed if there is a shared concern about a real problem that can be best addressed by organizations from different sectors working together. Second, beginning a successful partnership requires communication among participants about the nature of the concerns, the feasibility of a partnership to address those concerns, organization, roles and responsibilities, and the content and focus of activities. Third, successful partnerships require leadership to build commitment and gather resources, use evaluation and strategic and adaptive planning, and acknowledge and confront problems. Finally, there is no single way to ensure successful partnership development. However, successful partnerships exhibit open information sharing at every point. Specific sections address the following questions: What are the steps to developing a successful educational partnership? How does a successful partnership begin? How do successful partnerships begin implementation? What is the role of evaluation and planning?; what happens when things go wrong? and Will the effort be worthwhile? The appendix contains the Educational Partnerships program directory. (LMI)
AU  - Tushnet, Naida C.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 58
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office. Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160429668
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Cooperation
KW  - School Community Relationship
KW  - School Community Programs
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Cooperative Programs
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Agency Cooperation
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - College School Cooperation
KW  - School Business Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807747?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Project Abstracts: Educational Partnerships Program.
AN  - 62805953; ED362993
AB  - This document provides abstracts of projects participating in the Educational Partnerships Program, which is authorized by the Educational Partnerships Act of 1988. The purpose of the legislation is to encourage the creation of alliances between public schools or institutions of higher education and the private sector. The legislation also requires partnerships to provide an increasing share of project costs from nonfederal funds. The projects, each of which works with a variety of partners, include school districts, universities, museums, nonprofit organizations, community and social-service agencies, parents' organizations, and state education agencies. The abstracts of 29 projects contain information on the following: funding sources; participants; the target student population and project focus; project objectives; project description and activities; products/materials developed; project evaluation plan; a contact person; and the U.S. Department of Education/Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED/OERI) project officer. Information is also provided on the Educational Partnerships Program Evaluation and Documentation Project, a 5-year study that began on October 1, 1991, to document and evaluate the Educational Partnerships Program. A directory of contact persons is included. (LMI)
AU  - Danzberger, Jacqueline P.
AU  - Gruskin, Susan J.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 95
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-7325.
VL  - PIP-93-1117
KW  - Educational Partnerships Program (OERI)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Cooperation
KW  - Private Sector
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Cooperative Programs
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - School Business Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62805953?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Youth Indicators 1993: Trends in the Well-Being of American Youth.
AN  - 62805764; ED364586
AB  - This publication was created to meet the needs of policymakers who must establish a context for viewing trends in the well-being of youth. It cuts across disciplines and agency lines, presenting statistics that address important aspects of the lives of youth--family, work, education, health, behavior, and attitudes. Taken together, the data create an outline of the conditions under which young people live in America today and the many challenges they face. An objective is to present changes over time, rather than just snapshots of contemporary conditions. When possible, tables go back as far as 1950. A total of 63 indicators are treated in this report, and each indicator contains a table, a chart, and a brief descriptive text. Tables provide current and trend information, while charts illuminate the tables, highlighting their most important aspects. Indicators are grouped into the following sections that feature particular areas of youth experience: (1) home (demographics and family composition and income); (2) school (description, outcomes, and out-of-school experiences); (3) health; (4) citizenship and values; and (5) the future, especially educational aspirations and employment plans). A glossary is included. (SLD)
AU  - Snyder, Thomas D.
AU  - Fromboluti, Carol Sue
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 157
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160429552
KW  - Indicators
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Citizenship
KW  - Socioeconomic Status
KW  - Family Structure
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Demography
KW  - Health Needs
KW  - Educational Environment
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Occupational Aspiration
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Academic Aspiration
KW  - Youth Problems
KW  - Graphs
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Youth
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62805764?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Projections of Education Statistics to 2004.
AN  - 62803879; ED363654
AB  - This edition is the 23rd report in a series begun in 1964. It includes projections for enrollment, graduates, classroom teachers, and expenditures to the year 2004. Projections reflect the 1990 Census, with the incorporation of 1992 estimates and assumptions for fertility rate, net immigration, and mortality rate. The report also contains a section on methodology, describing models and assumptions used to develop the national projections, which are based on an age-specific enrollment rate model, exponential smoothing models, and econometric models. Most of the projections include three alternatives, based on different assumptions about growth paths. Although the first alternative set of projections in each table is deemed to represent the most likely projection, the low and high alternatives provide a reasonable range of outcomes. Chart 1 provides an overall summary of forecast assumptions. Total enrollment for public and private elementary and secondary education and for higher education is projected to increase to 55.7 million over the projection period, with increases in the numbers of high school and college graduates, the numbers of teachers, and total expenditures. Data are presented in 62 graphs and 44 tables. Five technical appendixes about methodology contain an additional 35 tables. (SLD)
AU  - Gerald, Debra E.
AU  - Hussar, William J.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 186
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160420911
KW  - Census 1990
KW  - Educational Information
KW  - Smoothing Methods
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Census Figures
KW  - Enrollment Projections
KW  - Models
KW  - Data Collection
KW  - Graphs
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62803879?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For earlier projections, see ED 354 256 and ED 354
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Dancemakers.
AN  - 62693597; ED379243
AB  - A study of the general working conditions, financial status, performance opportunities, funding, and work practices of choreographers in New York City, Chicago (Illinois), San Francisco (California), and Washington, D.C. was conducted in order to develop benchmark statistics. These statistics focus on the national choreographer population and document the difficulties under which these artists work. Completed mail questionnaires from more than 500 choreographers and telephone interviews with over 200 more provided the primary data. Study findings revealed a disparity between choreographers' high educational attainments and their low income levels. The survey also found that choreographers' income was 34 percent below the median for women professionals in 1989 (about 73 percent of respondents were women). Average income from choreography for men was twice that for women: the gender differential was 48 percent. Other findings included the following: (1) 81 percent turned to choreography from careers as dancers; (2) 55 percent described their work as experimental/modern; (3) about 1,800 works had been composed by 479 respondents of which 28 percent were solos; (4) 397 reported problems finding rehearsal space; and (5) respondents identified 4 major problems: documentation of work, finding dancers, management, and personal and career advancement issues. Appendixes contain information on participants and authors and a copy of the survey. (JB)
AU  - Netzer, Dick
AU  - Parker, Ellen
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 99
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - California
KW  - District of Columbia
KW  - Illinois
KW  - New York
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Dance
KW  - Salaries
KW  - Employment Statistics
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Dance Education
KW  - Occupational Surveys
KW  - Income
KW  - Financial Problems
KW  - Urban Areas
KW  - Theater Arts
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Work Environment
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62693597?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Photographs may not reproduce well.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Asteroids and early Precambrian crustal evolution
AN  - 50332603; 1994-024631
AB  - This review article includes a discussion on the asteroidal flux in the Earth/Moon system, diagnostic criteria of Precambrian impacts (proximal impact effects, Ir and Pd/Ir anomalies, distal ejecta, microtektites, shocked quartz and zircon), Archaean isotopic age peaks and magmatism, episodic vs continuous crustal accretion, Archaean mantle activity peaks and greenstone-granite terrain relationships. Although proximal impact deformation signatures may be obliterated through recrystallization, shearing and melting, distal impact evidence (such as microtektites, diamictites) may be preserved although Archaean terrains form < 5% of the exposed continental crust. Model predictions of impact during the Archaean include an apparent episodicity of major igneous and metamorphic events, deep-seated mantle plume activity and melting in asthenospheric diapirs, crustal anatexis, greenstone-tonalite events, palimpsest ring structures, relict shock textures, distal impact evidence and earthquake-induced tectonic slump features-diamictite breccias and olisotromes.
JF  - Earth-Science Reviews
AU  - Glikson, A Y
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - October 1993
SP  - 285
EP  - 319
PB  - Elsevier, Amsterdam
VL  - 35
IS  - 3
SN  - 0012-8252, 0012-8252
KW  - U/Pb
KW  - asteroids
KW  - Western Australia
KW  - metamorphic belts
KW  - mantle
KW  - continental crust
KW  - thermal history
KW  - recrystallization
KW  - platinum group
KW  - iridium
KW  - dates
KW  - heat flow
KW  - metamorphic rocks
KW  - geochemical anomalies
KW  - absolute age
KW  - Canadian Shield
KW  - Australia
KW  - Archean
KW  - North America
KW  - palladium
KW  - Precambrian
KW  - Australasia
KW  - terranes
KW  - impacts
KW  - metamorphism
KW  - Kaapvaal Craton
KW  - microtektites
KW  - greenstone belts
KW  - plate tectonics
KW  - metals
KW  - Southern Africa
KW  - Africa
KW  - Yilgarn Craton
KW  - crust
KW  - tektites
KW  - 03:Geochronology
KW  - 16:Structural geology
KW  - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50332603?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=Asteroids+and+early+Precambrian+crustal+evolution&rft.au=Glikson%2C+A+Y&rft.aulast=Glikson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.issn=00128252&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0012-8252%2893%2990041-5
L2  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00128252
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom
N1  - Date revised - 1994-01-01
N1  - Number of references - 178
N1  - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - CODEN - ESREBW
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Africa; Archean; asteroids; Australasia; Australia; Canadian Shield; continental crust; crust; dates; geochemical anomalies; greenstone belts; heat flow; impacts; iridium; Kaapvaal Craton; mantle; metals; metamorphic belts; metamorphic rocks; metamorphism; microtektites; North America; palladium; plate tectonics; platinum group; Precambrian; recrystallization; Southern Africa; tektites; terranes; thermal history; U/Pb; Western Australia; Yilgarn Craton
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(93)90041-5
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Variability in chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and mitogen-induced blastogenesis in peripheral lymphocytes from control individuals.
AN  - 21275290; 11701535
AB  - Confidence in results from monitoring genetic end points in environmentally or occupationally exposed individuals can be improved with knowledge of the normal variability of changes in genetic end points in the general population. Confounding effects can be determined, and study interpretation can be improved by correlation of this variability with various lifestyle factors such as sex and age, smoking and drinking habits, viral infections, exposure to diagnostic X-rays, etc. Eight blood samples were taken from each of 24 male and 24 female volunteers over a period of 2 years. Questionnaires pertaining to lifestyle were completed at the time of each sampling. Whole blood was cultured and slides prepared for chromosome aberration (CA) or sister chromatid exchange (SCE) analysis. Separated mononuclear cells were cultured with a range of phytohemagglutinin concentrations, and the maximum level of mitogen-induced blastogenesis was determined by measurement of [3H]thymidine uptake. There was a significant effect of both year and season of sampling for all three end points. Because there was no consistent pattern in 2 successive years, effects were thought to be independent of season. No significant effects in any of the three end points were found with respect to sex or age nor any of the other lifestyle factors, although SCE frequency and mitogen-induced blastogenesis were nearly always higher in females than in males. These results point to the need for concurrent sampling of controls with exposed populations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Anderson, D
AU  - Francis, A J
AU  - Godbert, P
AU  - Jenkinson, P C
AU  - Butterworth, K R
AD  - BIBRA Toxicology International, Carshalton, Surrey, Great Britain.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 83
EP  - 88
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Inventories
KW  - Leukocytes (mononuclear)
KW  - Age
KW  - Sister chromatid exchange
KW  - sister chromatids
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - phytohemagglutinins
KW  - Sex differences
KW  - Infection
KW  - Smoking
KW  - Blastogenesis
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - infection
KW  - Drinking behavior
KW  - Sampling
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Occupational exposure
KW  - Sex
KW  - G 07720:Immunogenetics
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites
KW  - V 22400:Human Diseases
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275290?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Variability+in+chromosome+aberrations%2C+sister+chromatid+exchanges%2C+and+mitogen-induced+blastogenesis+in+peripheral+lymphocytes+from+control+individuals.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+D%3BFrancis%2C+A+J%3BGodbert%2C+P%3BJenkinson%2C+P+C%3BButterworth%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leukocytes (mononuclear); Inventories; Age; Sister chromatid exchange; sister chromatids; Lymphocytes; Infection; Sex differences; phytohemagglutinins; Smoking; Blastogenesis; Ionizing radiation; Drinking behavior; Sampling; Chromosome aberrations; Sex; infection; Occupational exposure
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The HPRT short-term assay in monitoring individuals exposed to genotoxic agents.
AN  - 21270190; 11701525
AB  - This paper reviews several monitoring studies where the short-term HPRT assay has been applied. The original method uses autoradiography to detect 3H-thymidine incorporation in variant cells that have undergone DNA synthesis; the bromodeoxyuridine modification employs this thymidine analog and fluorescence plus Giemsa staining. The studies discussed here were accomplished with either of these methods. methods. Exposures analyzed include radiation and chemotherapy as medical treatments and accidental exposures to radiation; these studies have been useful in the validation of the assay because radiation and anticancer drugs are well-known mutagens. Other potential mutagens such as environmental arsenic and a parasitic infection and praziquantel, used for its treatment, have also been monitored for hprt locus mutation. An overview of the results obtained with different agents and routes of exposure is presented here as well as some methodological aspects for the optimization of the assay for monitoring studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Montero, R
AU  - Gonsebatt, M E
AU  - Herrera, L A
AU  - Rojas, E
AU  - Ostrosky-Wegman, P
AD  - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, UNAM, Mexico D. F.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 135
EP  - 138
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Arsenic
KW  - Fluorescence
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Assays
KW  - chemotherapy
KW  - Reviews
KW  - infection
KW  - DNA
KW  - Medical treatment
KW  - Drugs
KW  - Mutation
KW  - H 14000:Toxicology
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270190?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+HPRT+short-term+assay+in+monitoring+individuals+exposed+to+genotoxic+agents.&rft.au=Montero%2C+R%3BGonsebatt%2C+M+E%3BHerrera%2C+L+A%3BRojas%2C+E%3BOstrosky-Wegman%2C+P&rft.aulast=Montero&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Arsenic; Fluorescence; Reviews; Genotoxicity; DNA; infection; Assays; Medical treatment; Mutation; Drugs; chemotherapy
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Approaches to assessing genetic risks from exposure to chemicals.
AN  - 21268240; 11703175
AB  - An effort to assess and quantify genetic risks from human exposure to mutagenic chemicals is urgently needed; otherwise genetic toxicology may well lose its credibility. Genetic biomonitoring provides us with an indication of mutagenic effectiveness in human somatic cells. The populations and chemicals selected for such studies form a useful database for genetic risk-assessment studies. Extrapolation to what can be expected in germ cells of exposed individuals should be possible by using good dosimetry (adducts) and a parallelogram approach. The principle is that genetic damage in the inaccessible human germ cells can be estimated by determining the effects on lymphocytes (or other somatic cells) from humans and mice and in germ cells of mice. Worldwide, opportunities for the costly mouse germ cell studies are limited. Knowledge of type of DNA adducts, their persistence and/or removal and dominant lethal studies, will be helpful in predicting stage sensitivity. Extrapolation from a lowest effective dose level is proposed. The available data for ethylene oxide and benzene are reviewed. The risk of heritable translocations in progeny of populations exposed to ethylene oxide is so high that more precise estimates seem desirable. In discussing the expression of the induced mutations, the importance of dominant mutations and of heterozygous effects of deletions and other recessives is pointed out. The molecular changes underlying dominant mutations in man are more limited than is the case for recessive mutations. This raises the question whether mutagenic agents can produce the specific changes leading to recoverable, dominant mutations. Extrapolation from increased mutation rates to predictable increases of human disease, whether by doubling dose or direct methods, have been criticized.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sobels, F H
AD  - Department of Radiation Genetics and Chemical Mutagenesis, Sylvius Laboratory, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 327
EP  - 332
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Genetics Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Somatic cells
KW  - Benzene
KW  - Dose-response effects
KW  - biomonitoring
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Translocation
KW  - Toxicology
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Dosimetry
KW  - Germ cells
KW  - Mice
KW  - Mutation rates
KW  - Ethylene oxide
KW  - Databases
KW  - Reviews
KW  - DNA
KW  - Progeny
KW  - translocation
KW  - Mutation
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21268240?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Approaches+to+assessing+genetic+risks+from+exposure+to+chemicals.&rft.au=Sobels%2C+F+H&rft.aulast=Sobels&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA adducts; Data processing; Dosimetry; Germ cells; Lymphocytes; Mutation rates; Somatic cells; Ethylene oxide; Benzene; Databases; Reviews; biomonitoring; Progeny; Translocation; Chemicals; Bioindicators; Sensitivity; Mice; Dose-response effects; DNA; translocation; Mutation; Chromosome aberrations; Toxicology
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Somatic cell gene mutations in humans: biomarkers for genotoxicity.
AN  - 21263873; 11703168
AB  - Somatic cell gene mutations arising in vivo in humans provide biomarkers for genotoxicity. Four assays, each measuring changes in a different "recorder" gene, are available for detecting mutations of the hemoglobin (Hb) and glycophorin A (gpa) genes in red blood cells and the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) and HLA genes in T-lymphocytes. Mean adult background mutant frequencies have been established; i.e., approximately 4 x 10(-8) (Hb), 5-10 x 10(-6) (hprt), 10-20 x 10(-6) (gpa) and 30 x 10(-6) (HLA). All the assays have now been used in studies of individuals exposed to physical and/or chemical genotoxic agents, and all have shown elevated values following exposures; examples are presented. In addition to quantitation, the lymphocyte assays allow molecular analyses of in vivo mutations, the definition of background and induced mutational spectra, and the search for unique changes for characterizing specific mutagens. The HPRT system currently has the largest database in this regard. Approximately 15% of adult background hprt mutations are due to gross structural alterations (primarily deletions) having random breakpoints; 85% result from "point" changes detected only by sequencing. In contrast, a specific intragenic deletion due to DNA cleavage at specific sites characterizes fetal hprt mutations, implicating a developmental mistake in their genesis. (This kind of developmental mistake in other genes is frequently observed in lymphoid malignancies.) Mutational spectra are just beginning to be defined for induced hprt mutations, e.g., ionizing radiation produces large deletions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Albertini, R J
AU  - Nicklas, J A
AU  - O'Neill, J P
AD  - VCC Genetics Laboratory, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 193
EP  - 201
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bioindicators
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Ionizing radiation
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - DNA
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Mutants
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263873?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Somatic+cell+gene+mutations+in+humans%3A+biomarkers+for+genotoxicity.&rft.au=Albertini%2C+R+J%3BNicklas%2C+J+A%3BO%27Neill%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Albertini&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=193&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Mutagens; Ionizing radiation; Genotoxicity; DNA; Lymphocytes; Mutation; Mutants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Molecular mechanisms in cancer induction and prevention.
AN  - 21261733; 11701527
AB  - Chemical and physical carcinogens, present in our environment and encountered in a variety of occupations, produce damage to DNA. X-rays produced direct ionizations and indirect hydroxyl radical attack. UV light in the short wavelength is specifically absorbed by unsaturated bonds in DNA, RNA, and proteins. There are a number of genetic sites that are specifically affected by environmental agents, and an increased sensitivity is found in certain genetic diseases. The development of a fully malignant tumor involves the activation or altered expression of oncogenes or the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes that control normal cellular development. Mutations in the p53 tumor-suppressor gene are common in diverse types of cancer and could perhaps provide clues to the etiology of some cancers and to the effect of various environmental and occupational carcinogens in cancer development. The fact that environmental factors are involved to a great extent in cancer suggest that cancer may be preventable. Experimental as well as epidemiological data indicate that a variety of nutritional factors can act as anticarcinogens and inhibit the process of cancer development and reduce cancer risk. The interaction of cells with a number of environmental and occupational genotoxic substances such as X-rays, UV light, and a variety of chemicals including ozone results in an enhanced generation of free oxygen radicals and in modified pro-oxidant states. A number of nutritional factors such as vitamins A, C, E, beta-carotene, and micronutrients such as selenium act as antioxidants and anticarcinogens. Certain hormones such as thyroid hormones enhance oxidative processes and act as a co-transforming factor in carcinogenesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Images FIGURE 1. FIGURE 2.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Borek, C
AD  - Department of Radiation Oncology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 237
EP  - 245
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - inactivation
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - Sensitivity
KW  - Antioxidants
KW  - Thyroid
KW  - micronutrients
KW  - tumors
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - Hormones
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Hydroxyl radicals
KW  - Selenium
KW  - Oxygen
KW  - vitamins
KW  - Ultraviolet radiation
KW  - prevention
KW  - DNA
KW  - Ozone
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 01:Air Pollution
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inactivation; Sensitivity; environmental factors; Antioxidants; micronutrients; Thyroid; tumors; Carcinogens; Nutrition; Hormones; Cancer; Hydroxyl radicals; Oxygen; Selenium; vitamins; Ultraviolet radiation; DNA; prevention; Ozone
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Maternal factors, medications, and drug exposure in congenital limb reduction defects.
AN  - 21258248; 11703177
AB  - As part of an ongoing study on all limb reduction defects occurring among 1,213,913 consecutive live births in the province of British Columbia, Canada, during 1952-1984, cases with documented maternal drug exposure and chronic maternal diseases were analyzed separately. This population-based study was made possible through the existence of an ongoing Health Surveillance Registry, which documents all infants born with congenital, genetic, or chronically handicapping conditions in the province of British Columbia. Strict rules of confidentiality are obeyed. For this part of the analysis of limb reduction defects, cases with documented maternal illness, drug abuse, and exposure to environmental hazards early in pregnancy were analyzed as a separate group to identify specific, recurring patterns of anomalies. A total of 51 cases with possibly related maternal factors were identified. Among them were five cases with maternal epilepsy, four cases with documented maternal diabetes, and three cases with uterine anomalies. Three infants, all born in 1962, had documented thalidomide exposure. It is rarely possible to identify particular teratogenic factors or specific maternal factors as etiologically related to the pattern of limb reduction defects or a spectrum of congenital malformations. Exposure to environmental factors during pregnancy is not reliably registered and can thus only occasionally be ascertained in retrospective studies. This means that very large numbers of cases and cross-referencing to other family members are required to assess whether a potential teratogen is related to limb defects or not.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Froster, U G
AU  - Baird, P A
AD  - Klinik fur Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Medizinische Universitat zu Lubeck, Germany.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 269
EP  - 274
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Canada, British Columbia
KW  - environmental factors
KW  - diabetes mellitus
KW  - Congenital defects
KW  - Teratogens
KW  - Drug abuse
KW  - Drugs
KW  - environmental hazards
KW  - Infants
KW  - Pregnancy
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental factors; diabetes mellitus; Congenital defects; Teratogens; Drug abuse; environmental hazards; Drugs; Pregnancy; Infants; Canada, British Columbia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of cigarette-smoke-induced DNA adducts by butanol extraction and nuclease P1-enhanced 32P-postlabeling in human lymphocytes and granulocytes.
AN  - 21258209; 11703173
AB  - In an earlier study, we analyzed the aromatic DNA adducts separated from lymphocytes and granulocytes of smokers and nonsmokers using the nuclease P1-enhanced 32P-postlabeling assay. Here we compare the butanol extraction and nuclease P1-enhanced procedure on the same kind of samples. The DNA adducts of 42 per 10(8) nucleotides from smokers' lymphocytes were statistically higher (p & 0.05) than those of 11 from nonsmokers', when analyzed by the nuclease P1 treatment, but not by the 1-butanol extraction. The radioactivity obtained from the DNA digests on the TLC plates was lower in butanol-treated DNA samples when compared to those of nuclease P1 digestion. Lymphocytes appear to be a suitable test tissue for determining aromatic carcinogen exposure when detecting smoking-related DNA adducts by the nuclease P1-enhanced 32P-postlabeling analysis. Images FIGURE 1. FIGURE 2. FIGURE 3.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Savela, K
AU  - Hemminki, K
AD  - Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu, Helsinki, Finland.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 145
EP  - 150
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts
KW  - DNA adducts
KW  - Nuclease
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Carcinogens
KW  - butanol
KW  - Nucleotides
KW  - Digestion
KW  - Leukocytes (granulocytic)
KW  - DNA
KW  - Radioactivity
KW  - Aromatics
KW  - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Leukocytes (granulocytic); DNA adducts; Nuclease; Carcinogens; Radioactivity; Lymphocytes; butanol; Nucleotides; Aromatics; Digestion; DNA
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antimutagenic and mutagenic potentials of Chinese radish.
AN  - 21253254; 11701536
AB  - The edible part of fresh Chinese radish was chopped into small pieces, lyophilized, and then extracted sequentially with hexane, chloroform, and methanol. The solvent in each fraction was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure at 50-55 degrees C, and the residue was dissolved in dimethylsufoxide just before being tested for antimutagenicity as well as mutagenicity using the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test. We found that none of the three fractions exhibited any mutagenicity toward S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 when tested either in the presence or absence of S-9 mix. Interestingly, however, hexane and chloroform extracts could strongly inhibit the mutagenicities of both direct mutagens (e.g., 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide and sodium azide) and indirect mutagens (e.g., aflatoxin B1). In contrast, however, these two fractions did not inhibit the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene, which is also an indirect mutagen. Both hexane and chloroform extracts could also markedly inhibit the activities of rat liver aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine demethylase. The methanol fraction could inhibit neither the mutagenicities of direct or indirect mutagens tested nor the activities of those two rat liver enzymes. Results of the present study demonstrate that Chinese radish may not contain any mutagenic compound but does contain some nonpolar compounds with antimutagenic activity toward both direct and indirect mutagens. In addition, the antimutagenic activity toward aflatoxin B1 may be partly due to the inhibition of enzymes necessary for activation of this mutagen.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Rojanapo, W
AU  - Tepsuwan, A
AD  - Biochemistry and Chemical Carcinogenesis Section, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 247
EP  - 252
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Sodium azide
KW  - Evaporation
KW  - Methanol
KW  - Chloroform
KW  - Hydroxylase
KW  - Pressure
KW  - Aflatoxin B1
KW  - Microsomes
KW  - Mutagenicity
KW  - Aflatoxins
KW  - Solvents
KW  - Enzymes
KW  - Salmonella typhimurium
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Liver
KW  - Benzo(a)pyrene
KW  - n-Hexane
KW  - Aniline
KW  - J 02420:Plant Diseases
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aflatoxin B1; Mutagens; Mutagenicity; Sodium azide; Microsomes; Evaporation; Methanol; Solvents; Enzymes; Chloroform; Liver; Benzo(a)pyrene; Pressure; Hydroxylase; n-Hexane; Aniline; Sodium; Aflatoxins; Salmonella typhimurium
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Peculiarities of carcinogenesis under simultaneous oral administration of benzo(a)pyrene and o-cresol in mice.
AN  - 21253239; 11701534
AB  - A modifying influence of ortho-cresol (o-cresol) on the carcinogenic effect of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) with combined oral administration to CC57Br mice had been found. During simultaneous administration of o-cresol (1 mg) and BaP (1 mg), the incidence of tumors, the multiplicity of tumors, and the degree of malignancy all increased, but the latency was shortened. When o-cresol was administered before or after BaP (in identical doses), the carcinogenic effect was weakened. When o-cresol (10 mg) and BaP (5 mg) were administered simultaneously, the incidence of malignant tumors was similar to controls receiving BaP only (13.8%), indicating inhibition of carcinogenesis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Yanysheva NYa
AU  - Balenko, N V
AU  - Chernichenko, I A
AU  - Babiy, V F
AD  - Ukrainian State Medical Center for Environmental Health, Kiev.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 341
EP  - 344
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Carcinogenicity
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - tumors
KW  - Mice
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcinogenicity; Carcinogenesis; Mice; tumors
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Using the micronucleus assay to detect genotoxic effects of metal ions.
AN  - 21252142; 11704879
AB  - The lymphocyte micronucleus assay was used to measure the average frequency of micronuclei in a population and thus assess genotoxic effects. Data from 174 persons give an average value of 16.4 +/- 7.3, and a slight age-dependence was observed. To detect combined environmental mutagen injuries the micronucleus assay was used to study the effects of metal compounds. Cadmium ions increased the micronucleus frequency linearly after incubation with whole blood in vitro with 10(6)-10(-3) M concentrations for 30 min. Similarly, a linear increase in micronucleus frequency was detected with 10(-3)-10(-1) M mercury ions. Concerning the biological effect of selenium, it was found that neither sodium selenite nor selenium dioxide induced increases at concentrations of 10(-7)-10(-6) M; 10(-5) M caused a slight increase; 10(-4) M, however, destroyed the cells. These results suggest that the human lymphocyte micronucleus test can be used to assess genotoxic injuries due to environmental effects in human lymphocytes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Berces, J
AU  - Otos, M
AU  - Szirmai, S
AU  - Crane-Uruena, C
AU  - Koteles, G J
AD  - Paks Nuclear Power Plant, Hungary.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 11
EP  - 13
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Ions
KW  - Metals
KW  - Mutagens
KW  - Injuries
KW  - biological effects
KW  - Genotoxicity
KW  - Assays
KW  - Lymphocytes
KW  - Sodium
KW  - Selenium
KW  - metal ions
KW  - Mercury
KW  - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sodium; Mutagens; Metals; Selenium; Ions; Injuries; biological effects; metal ions; Genotoxicity; Assays; Mercury; Lymphocytes
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantification and molecular characterization of hprt mutants of human T-lymphocytes.
AN  - 21249912; 11704878
AB  - Somatic mutations have been implicated as critical early events in carcinogenesis. Point mutations, deletions, and translocation events have been shown to activate oncogenes or inactivate suppressor oncogenes. In human population monitoring, quantitative analysis of mutation events that affect gene function is limited to those genes whose cellular phenotypes can be identified by selection procedures and to those tissues (like blood) that are accessible for analysis. In an effort to determine the frequency and types of mutations that can be detected at the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene, we have used the T-cell cloning assay and have developed a strategy to propagate mutants and screen for point mutations and breakage events. Early in the clonal expansion of mutants, 1-2 x 10(4) cells are prepared as a crude cell lysate, and a sample is analyzed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Those mutants that yield altered DNA fragments are then expanded for Southern blot hybridization, PCR, flanking probe isolation, and DNA sequencing. To date we have found presumed point mutations, intragenic deletions, and deletions that extend outside of the hprt gene. By analyzing mutations in selectable, nonessential gene markers, it should be possible to understand mechanisms of both spontaneous and induced genetic damage. An association of these specific genetic events with human diseases and the evaluation of the ability of environmental chemicals to induce these specific types of mutations will lead to a rational basis for evaluating risks from various chemical exposures. Images FIGURE 3.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Moore, M M
AU  - Harrington-Brock, K
AU  - Zimmerman, L J
AU  - Burnette, L P
AU  - Smith, T W
AU  - Everson, R B
AU  - O'Neill, J P
AU  - Fuscoe, J C
AD  - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 219
EP  - 224
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 3
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Chemicals
KW  - Quantitative analysis
KW  - Carcinogenesis
KW  - DNA
KW  - Cloning
KW  - human populations
KW  - translocation
KW  - Mutation
KW  - Chromosome aberrations
KW  - Mutants
KW  - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Carcinogenesis; Quantitative analysis; Cloning; DNA; translocation; human populations; Chromosome aberrations; Mutation; Mutants
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicity Tests in Animals: Extrapolating to Human Risks
AN  - 14338354; 10477826
AB  - The use of animal models in toxicity testing is debated. While alternatives are being developed, whole animal models remain the most widely used method for assessing toxicity risks to humans. Some difficulties with animal-to-human extrapolations are noted, particularly use of the Maximum Tolerated Dose and methods used to estimate dose-response relationships. The potential of molecular toxicology for risk assessment is becoming more widely recognized. The risks of abandoning the animal model are discussed. The need to approach toxicity testing in an interdisciplinary fashion is stressed.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 396
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN
KW  - PUBLIC HEALTH
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - MATHEMATIC MODELS, CARCINOGENESIS
KW  - ENA 07:General
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LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; PUBLIC HEALTH; MATHEMATIC MODELS, CARCINOGENESIS; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Increased Risk of Proteinuria Among a Cohort of Lead-Exposed Pregnant Women
AN  - 14337714; 10477828
AB  - Exposure to environmental lead and pregnancy outcomes were studied in two Yugoslavian towns to determine risks of proteinuria. Blood lead levels were 17.1 and 5.1 mu g/dl in a smelter town and nonexposed town, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio for proteinuria was 4.5, and for trace proteinuria was 2.3. These results support other studies that found an association between chronic exposure to lead and renal dysfunction manifested as proteinuria.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Factor-Litvak, Pam
AU  - Stein, Zena
AU  - Graziano, Joseph
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 418
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - KIDNEY DISEASE
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14337714?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Increased+Risk+of+Proteinuria+Among+a+Cohort+of+Lead-Exposed+Pregnant+Women&rft.au=Factor-Litvak%2C+Pam%3BStein%2C+Zena%3BGraziano%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Factor-Litvak&rft.aufirst=Pam&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - KIDNEY DISEASE; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; PREGNANCY; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Binding of Polychlorinated Biphenyls to the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
AN  - 14336179; 10477829
AB  - The toxicological response of organisms to PCBs is mediated through binding to a common cytosolic protein called the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). A thermodynamic model for determining the dissociation constants of complexes formed between the AhR and PCBs is presented. The free energy of binding is controlled by the lipophilicities, electron affinities, and entropies of AhR and PCBs. Evidence supports the idea that most PCBs will interact with AhR in their nonplanar conformations. The model is applied to determine PCB affinities for rat hepatic AhR. A strong correlation is shown between the PCB-AhR affinities, relative to TCDD, and corresponding toxic equivalency factors in animals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kafafi, Sherif A
AU  - Afeefy, Hussein Y
AU  - Ali, Ali H
AU  - Said, Hakim K
AU  - Kafafi, Abdel G
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 422
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - MATHEMATIC MODELS, CHEMICAL
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336179?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Binding+of+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+to+the+Aryl+Hydrocarbon+Receptor&rft.au=Kafafi%2C+Sherif+A%3BAfeefy%2C+Hussein+Y%3BAli%2C+Ali+H%3BSaid%2C+Hakim+K%3BKafafi%2C+Abdel+G&rft.aulast=Kafafi&rft.aufirst=Sherif&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; BIOCHEMISTRY; MATHEMATIC MODELS, CHEMICAL; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Radium-226-Contaminated Drinking Water: Hypothesis on an Exposure Pathway in a Population with Elevated Childhood Leukemia
AN  - 14336077; 10478718
AB  - An increased incidence of childhood leukemia was documented in a recent epidemiological survey in the Ellweiler region of Germany. The regional population is exposed to considerable levels of ionizing radiation due to high doses of external gamma radiation and indoor radon. Radiation-linked chromosome aberrations were detected in one of two healthy siblings and one father of leukemia patients. Four of seven cases were in two villages near a uranium processing plant, where potable water supplies were contaminated with radium-226. Red bone marrow doses for children at these locales show the importance of the drinking water route.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hoffmann, Wolfgang
AU  - Kranefeld, A
AU  - Schmitz-Feuerhake, Inge
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 113
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES
KW  - HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS
KW  - GERMANY
KW  - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN
KW  - RADIUM 226
KW  - WATER, DRINKING
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336077?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radium-226-Contaminated+Drinking+Water%3A+Hypothesis+on+an+Exposure+Pathway+in+a+Population+with+Elevated+Childhood+Leukemia&rft.au=Hoffmann%2C+Wolfgang%3BKranefeld%2C+A%3BSchmitz-Feuerhake%2C+Inge&rft.aulast=Hoffmann&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; RADIUM 226; HUMAN T CELL LEUKEMIA VIRUS; WATER, DRINKING; GERMANY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development of Screening Tests for Aneuploidy Induction by Environmental Pollutants
AN  - 14336038; 10478708
AB  - CEC sponsored a research effort to devise and validate tests for aneuploidy induction by 10 potential mutagens. Fungal aneuploidy tests were not capable of detecting mammalian tubulin polymerization inhibitors. An in vitro mammalian cell system readily detected chemicals that induce aneuploidy in mammalian germ cells. Cell division anomalies induced in mammalian systems in vitro also seem to be predictive for aneuploidy induction in the samel cell type. Cell cycle delay in vivo in mitotic or meiotic cells proved predictive for aneuploidy induction in the respective tissue.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Adler, Ilse-Dore
AU  - Parry, James M
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 5
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GENETICS, ANIMAL
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336038?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Development+of+Screening+Tests+for+Aneuploidy+Induction+by+Environmental+Pollutants&rft.au=Adler%2C+Ilse-Dore%3BParry%2C+James+M&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=Ilse-Dore&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GENETICS, ANIMAL; BIOASSAY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Method to Obtain a Well-Defined Fraction of Respirable Para-Aramid Fibers
AN  - 14335267; 10477827
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Schins, Roel Peter Frans
AU  - Gaudichet, Annie
AU  - Jaurand, Marie-Claude
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 414
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING
KW  - NATURAL FIBERS
KW  - RESPIRABLE DUST
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - SYNTHETIC FIBERS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14335267?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Method+to+Obtain+a+Well-Defined+Fraction+of+Respirable+Para-Aramid+Fibers&rft.au=Schins%2C+Roel+Peter+Frans%3BGaudichet%2C+Annie%3BJaurand%2C+Marie-Claude&rft.aulast=Schins&rft.aufirst=Roel+Peter&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; NATURAL FIBERS; RESPIRABLE DUST; TOXICOLOGY; SYNTHETIC FIBERS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - European Community Research on Environmental Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis
AN  - 14333573; 10478713
AB  - In efforts to harmonize chemical standards and regulation, EC research programs now focus on the scientific basis for such regulation and an increased understanding of basic carcinogenesis and mutagenesis mechanisms. Past and ongoing research has documented correlations between mutagenicity tests and other assays for carcinogenic potential and addressed unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured mammalian cells, biomonitoring of human populations exposed to genotoxic chemicals, and mutagenicity of aerosol extracts. Plans call for further development of genetic toxicity testing and correlation of genetic toxicity to cancer and other heritable mutations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sors, AI
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 47
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL
KW  - EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - CARCINOGEN TESTING
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333573?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=European+Community+Research+on+Environmental+Mutagenesis+and+Carcinogenesis&rft.au=Sors%2C+AI&rft.aulast=Sors&rft.aufirst=AI&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY; CARCINOGEN TESTING
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Mineral Particles Containing Iron on Primary Cultures of Rabbit Tracheal Epithelial Cells: Possible Implication of Oxidative Stress
AN  - 14333260; 10477831
AB  - The role of mineral particles in causing respiratory diseases by triggering an oxidative response process is discussed. In particular, the effect of iron-containing particles on respiratory epithelium (the main target of such compounds) is studied. Chrysotile, nemalite, and hematite were tested in cultures of rabbit tracheal epithelium. Morphological modifications after treatment with particles, acute toxicity, evolution to squamous metaplasia, and the oxidizing power of particles were examined. The apparent cytotoxic mechanism is explained. Nemalite was the most cytostatic particle, the most efficient at inducing squamous metaplasia, and produced the most oxygen-activated species.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Guilianelli, Catherine
AU  - Baeza-Squiban, Armelle
AU  - Boisvieux-Ulrich, Emmanuelle
AU  - Houcine, Odile
AU  - Zalma, Roger
AU  - Guennou, Christiane
AU  - Pezerat, Henri
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 436
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CYTOTOXICITY
KW  - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KW  - IRON COMPOUNDS
KW  - PULMONARY EFFECTS
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333260?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Mineral+Particles+Containing+Iron+on+Primary+Cultures+of+Rabbit+Tracheal+Epithelial+Cells%3A+Possible+Implication+of+Oxidative+Stress&rft.au=Guilianelli%2C+Catherine%3BBaeza-Squiban%2C+Armelle%3BBoisvieux-Ulrich%2C+Emmanuelle%3BHoucine%2C+Odile%3BZalma%2C+Roger%3BGuennou%2C+Christiane%3BPezerat%2C+Henri&rft.aulast=Guilianelli&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CYTOTOXICITY; IRON COMPOUNDS; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; PULMONARY EFFECTS; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Predicting Chemical Carcinogenesis in Rodents
AN  - 14331158; 10477832
AB  - Rodent bioassays have been the main vehicle for assessing the potential risks of chemicals to humans, despite their high cost and long time span. Predictive methods are available that use the results of many kinds of tests and expert knowledge. The use of such methods to decrease dependence on bioassays is debated. A workshop on predicting chemical carcinogenesis addressed this issue and evaluated the state-of-the-art of predicting rodent carcinogenesis. The strengths and limitations of the National Toxicology Program bioassay were considered as a standard for evaluating predictive methods. Information from predictive methods should be incorporated into the process of choosing chemicals for the rodent bioassay. Predictive success for 44 chemicals is tabulated. Human expert predictions were most accurate because they use a broad range of information.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Wachsman, Joseph T
AU  - Bristol, Douglas W
AU  - Spalding, Judson W
AU  - Shelby, Michael
AU  - Tennant, Raymond W
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 444
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - RELIABILITY
KW  - CARCINOGEN TESTING
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331158?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Predicting+Chemical+Carcinogenesis+in+Rodents&rft.au=Wachsman%2C+Joseph+T%3BBristol%2C+Douglas+W%3BSpalding%2C+Judson+W%3BShelby%2C+Michael%3BTennant%2C+Raymond+W&rft.aulast=Wachsman&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=444&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; BIOASSAY; RELIABILITY; TOXICOLOGY; CARCINOGEN TESTING
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Neutrophil Function After Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls in vitro
AN  - 14331047; 10477830
AB  - Although PCBs are a known immunotoxin, the effects on neutrophil function are poorly understood. The effect of in vitro exposure to the PCB mixture, Aroclor 1242, in the presence or absence of either phorbol myristate acetate (to simulate superoxide anion generation) or N-formyl-methiomyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (to induce degranulation) on neutrophil function is studied. Results suggest that PCBs may stimulate or inhibit neutrophil function under various conditions. The effects do not appear to be mediated through the cytosolic Ah receptor.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ganey, Patricia E
AU  - Sirois, Jay E
AU  - Denison, Michael
AU  - Robinson, JPaul
AU  - Roth, Robert A
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 430
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 5
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - IMMUNOTOXICITY
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - BIOCHEMISTRY
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - IMMUNE RESPONSE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331047?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neutrophil+Function+After+Exposure+to+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls+in+vitro&rft.au=Ganey%2C+Patricia+E%3BSirois%2C+Jay+E%3BDenison%2C+Michael%3BRobinson%2C+JPaul%3BRoth%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Ganey&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=430&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 9 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - IMMUNOTOXICITY; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; BIOCHEMISTRY; TOXICOLOGY; IMMUNE RESPONSE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: a Risk Assessment for the Urban Citizen
AN  - 14329672; 10478729
AB  - Nitro-PAHs are direct-acting mutagens that are formed during incomplete combustion. Since some of these compounds are carcinogenic, an attempt was made to determine the human cancer risk due to nitro-PAH exposure. In one modeling scheme, genotoxic lesions were transferred to units of Gray, and in a second model a large-scale study on the carcinogenicity of a 2-nitrofluorene (NF) metabolite was used to estimate risk. Findings from both procedures agreed, with a risk range of 0.0000015-0.000049 on human cancer risk for an urban resident.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Moller, Lennart
AU  - Lax, Ingemar
AU  - Eriksson, Lennart C
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 309
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - URBAN ATMOSPHERE
KW  - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14329672?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Nitrated+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons%3A+a+Risk+Assessment+for+the+Urban+Citizen&rft.au=Moller%2C+Lennart%3BLax%2C+Ingemar%3BEriksson%2C+Lennart+C&rft.aulast=Moller&rft.aufirst=Lennart&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hazard Identification: Efficiency of Short-Term Tests in Identifying Germ Cell Mutagens and Putative Nongenotoxic Carcinogens
AN  - 14328340; 10478715
AB  - The ability of short-term mutagenicity tests to identify germ cell mutagens was examined based on a combined data set derived from EPA data bases. Inadequate sensitivities of batteries of in vitro short-term tests in identifying germ cell mutagens are indicated. The inclusion of an in vivo assay, as recommended in proposed regulatory testing guidelines, is advocated. The ability of short-term bioassays to detect mutagenic or genotoxic carcinogens is well established in the framework of carcinogenicity testing. However, many putative nongenotoxic carcinogens that have been adequately tested in short-term genetic assays induce gene or chromosomal mutation or aneuploidy.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Waters, MD
AU  - Stack, H F
AU  - Jackson, MA
AU  - Bridges, BA
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 61
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - CARCINOGEN TESTING
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328340?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hazard+Identification%3A+Efficiency+of+Short-Term+Tests+in+Identifying+Germ+Cell+Mutagens+and+Putative+Nongenotoxic+Carcinogens&rft.au=Waters%2C+MD%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+MA%3BBridges%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOASSAY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; CARCINOGEN TESTING
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantitative and Temporal Relationships Between DNA Adduct Formation in Target and Surrogate Tissues: Implications for Biomonitoring
AN  - 14328243; 10478712
AB  - Lung, liver, and peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) tissues were sampled from male mice 1-56 d after ip exposure to 100 mg PAH/kg body weight. Benzo[a]-pyrene (BaP)-DNA adducts displayed a similar pattern in all tissues and attained a maximum at 3-4 d, followed by a decline to 56 d. The maximum DNA adduct levels in each tissue after exposure to benzo-b-fluoranthene were observed 5-14 d after injection. DNA adducts in liver and lung can be predicted by PBL DNA adduct levels for BaP. PBL DNA adducts may prove useful dosimeters for the delivered dose of DNA.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Nesnow, Stephen
AU  - Ross, Jeffrey
AU  - Nelson, Garret
AU  - Holden, Katrina
AU  - Erexson, Gregory
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 37
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - BIOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
KW  - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
KW  - CARCINOGEN TESTING
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - DNA
KW  - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328243?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Quantitative+and+Temporal+Relationships+Between+DNA+Adduct+Formation+in+Target+and+Surrogate+Tissues%3A+Implications+for+Biomonitoring&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+Stephen%3BRoss%2C+Jeffrey%3BNelson%2C+Garret%3BHolden%2C+Katrina%3BErexson%2C+Gregory&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LYMPHOCYTES; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; BIOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; DNA; CARCINOGEN TESTING; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Multiple End Point Procedure to Evaluate Risk from Pesticides
AN  - 14328200; 10478710
AB  - Genotoxicity research on an array of pesticides indicates that most of these chemicals are toxic but are poor initiating agents, as demonstrated by negative or weak positive results at different genetic end points. However, the cocarcinogenic and promoting potential of pesticides is indicated by immunochemical and biochemical assessments. Recent research on the biochemical and genotoxic effects induced by the fungicide fenarimol is surveyed to demonstrate its genotoxic properties. The evaluation of pesticide effects at different levels of the multistep carcinogenic process is essential to the realization of a more complete evaluation of the genotoxic/carcinogenic profile of a chemical.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Cantelli-Forti, G
AU  - Paolini, M
AU  - Hrelia, P
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 15
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328200?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Multiple+End+Point+Procedure+to+Evaluate+Risk+from+Pesticides&rft.au=Cantelli-Forti%2C+G%3BPaolini%2C+M%3BHrelia%2C+P&rft.aulast=Cantelli-Forti&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quantitative and Molecular Analyses of Genetic Risk: a Study with Ionizing Radiation
AN  - 14324295; 10478724
AB  - Chinese hamster ovary cells were used to quantify mutations at the X-linked, large hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus induced by environmental agents. An hprt-deletion mutant hamster cell line was transfected with the plasmid vector pSV sub(2)gpt to isolate a transformant, AS52. Ionizing radiation and oxidative genotoxic agents are more mutagenic to the gpt gene in AS52 cells relative to the hprt locus in hamster ovary cells. The analysis shows that use of the hprt locus alone could result in underestimation of the genetic risk of the agents tested.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Hsie, A W
AU  - Xu, Z
AU  - Yu, Y
AU  - An, J
AU  - Meltz, M L
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 213
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GENETICS, ANIMAL
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14324295?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Quantitative+and+Molecular+Analyses+of+Genetic+Risk%3A+a+Study+with+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Hsie%2C+A+W%3BXu%2C+Z%3BYu%2C+Y%3BAn%2C+J%3BMeltz%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Hsie&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=213&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GENETICS, ANIMAL; RADIATION, ATOMIC; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Measurement of Chromosomal Aberrations, Sister Chromatid Exchange, hprt Mutations, and DNA Adducts in Peripheral Lymphocytes of Human Populations at Increased Risk for Cancer
AN  - 14324262; 10478719
AB  - DNA damage indicators were measured in peripheral lymphocytes of groups potentially at increased risk for cancer. Sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and PAH-DNA adducts were not elevated in firefighters, but smoking habits and race were risk factors for increased levels. Radioimunoglobulin therapy increased background rates of chromosome-type aberrations and frequencies of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase mutations in cancer patients. Lymphocytes from pharmacists working with antineoplastic drugs showed increased in vitro sensitivity to SCE induction.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Jacobson-Kram, David
AU  - Albertini, Richard J
AU  - Branda, Richard F
AU  - Falta, Michael T
AU  - Iype, PThomas
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 121
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS
KW  - DNA
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - GENETICS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14324262?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+Chromosomal+Aberrations%2C+Sister+Chromatid+Exchange%2C+hprt+Mutations%2C+and+DNA+Adducts+in+Peripheral+Lymphocytes+of+Human+Populations+at+Increased+Risk+for+Cancer&rft.au=Jacobson-Kram%2C+David%3BAlbertini%2C+Richard+J%3BBranda%2C+Richard+F%3BFalta%2C+Michael+T%3BIype%2C+PThomas&rft.aulast=Jacobson-Kram&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LYMPHOCYTES; CANCER RISK; OCCUPATIONAL COMPARISONS; DNA; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; GENETICS, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mutagenicity and Human Chromosomal Effect of Stevioside, a Sweetener from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni
AN  - 14324228; 10478714
AB  - The mutagenicity of stevioside and steviol, a potent food and beverage sweetener derived from the plant, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, was tested in two Salmonella typhimrium strains. The sweetening agents were also tested for chromosomal effects in cultured human lymphocytes. Stevioside was not mutagenic at doses up to 25 mg/plate but displayed direct mutagenicity to S. typhimurium TA98 at 50 mg/plate. Steviol did not demonstrate mutagenic properties to TA98 or TA100, with or without metabolic activation. No pronounced chromosomal effects were noted in cultured blood lymphocytes. The sweeteners were not mutagenic or clastogenic in vitro at limited doses.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Suttajit, Maitree
AU  - Vinitketkaumnuen, Usanee
AU  - Meevatee, Umnat
AU  - Buddhasukh, Duang
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 53
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - FOOD CROPS
KW  - SALMONELLA
KW  - FOOD ADDITIVES
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14324228?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+Human+Chromosomal+Effect+of+Stevioside%2C+a+Sweetener+from+Stevia+rebaudiana+Bertoni&rft.au=Suttajit%2C+Maitree%3BVinitketkaumnuen%2C+Usanee%3BMeevatee%2C+Umnat%3BBuddhasukh%2C+Duang&rft.aulast=Suttajit&rft.aufirst=Maitree&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LYMPHOCYTES; FOOD CROPS; SALMONELLA; FOOD ADDITIVES; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monitoring Human Exposure to Urban Air Pollutants
AN  - 14324040; 10478716
AB  - In a multidisciplinary assessment on human exposure to vehicle exhaust conducted in Pisa, Italy, in 1991, air pollution trends and lifestyle factors were studied; medical indicators of health status were also analyzed. Genotoxic risk was determined by evaluation of chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and micronuclei in lymphocytes. A population in a rural village was also monitored to assess the reliability of the protocol. Probable differences between the populations were evident in terms of SCE frequencies. In vitro treatment of lymphocytes with diepoxybutane confirmed the presence of more responsive individuals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Barale, R
AU  - Barrai, I
AU  - Sbrana, I
AU  - Migliore, L
AU  - Marrazzini, A
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 89
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POPULATION SAMPLING
KW  - URBAN ATMOSPHERE
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR
KW  - ITALY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - GENETICS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14324040?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Human+Exposure+to+Urban+Air+Pollutants&rft.au=Barale%2C+R%3BBarrai%2C+I%3BSbrana%2C+I%3BMigliore%2C+L%3BMarrazzini%2C+A&rft.aulast=Barale&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR; ITALY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; GENETICS, HUMAN; URBAN ATMOSPHERE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Biomonitoring Exposure to Metal Compounds with Carcinogenic Properties
AN  - 14323686; 10478720
AB  - Biomonitoring of populations or individuals exposed to carcinogenic or mutagenic metal salts is typically based on the determination of the chemical in biological media and on cytogenetic analysis on peripheral blood lymphocytes. The validity of data documented with these techniques for exposure to arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, and nickel is critiqued. The concentrations of metals in urine, blood, or other biological materials can be determined with more precise methods which are deemed the most suitable for monitoring exposed populations.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Leonard, Alain
AU  - Bernard, Alfred
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 127
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - HEAVY METALS
KW  - MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - GENETICS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323686?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biomonitoring+Exposure+to+Metal+Compounds+with+Carcinogenic+Properties&rft.au=Leonard%2C+Alain%3BBernard%2C+Alfred&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 61 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; HEAVY METALS; MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL; GENETICS, HUMAN; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sensitivity of Lymphocytes from Vulcanizers to the in Vitro Induction of Sister Chromatid Exchanges
AN  - 14323656; 10478717
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes from rubber plant workers and controls were exposed in vitro to known mutagens. The subjects had been analyzed for levels of spontaneous sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) 2 yr earlier, and the current research addressed whether in vivo exposure to chemicals at levels that did not induce cytogenetic effects modified the sensitivity of lymphocytes to other mutagens. Interindividual variability in SCE induction was observed after in vitro treatments and did not correlate with occupational exposure. The variability in SCE induction sensitivity may be associated with genetic differences among subjects.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Degrassi, F
AU  - De Salvia, R
AU  - Fiore, M
AU  - Ricordy, R
AU  - Tanzarella, C
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 97
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - LYMPHOCYTES
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - SENSITIVITY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - GENETICS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323656?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Sensitivity+of+Lymphocytes+from+Vulcanizers+to+the+in+Vitro+Induction+of+Sister+Chromatid+Exchanges&rft.au=Degrassi%2C+F%3BDe+Salvia%2C+R%3BFiore%2C+M%3BRicordy%2C+R%3BTanzarella%2C+C&rft.aulast=Degrassi&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LYMPHOCYTES; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; SENSITIVITY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; GENETICS, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic Effects of Dioxins in the Spot Test with Mice
AN  - 14323513; 10478726
AB  - TCDD and two pentachlorodibenzodioxin (PCDD) mixtures were evaluated for genetic activity in the spot test with mice. When the compounds were administered alone, no recombinogenic or mutagenic effects were observed. In conjunction with the carcinogenic mutagen ethyl nitrosourea (ENU) at doses of 128, 314, and 3 mu g/kg for PCDD 2, PCDD 1, and TCDD, respectively, the genetic effectiveness of ENU doubled. PCDD1 and 2 appeared to enhance the mutagenic and recombinogenic potential of ENU, while TCDD displayed co-recombinogenic and antimutagenic activity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Fahrig, Rudolf
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 257
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323513?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Genetic+Effects+of+Dioxins+in+the+Spot+Test+with+Mice&rft.au=Fahrig%2C+Rudolf&rft.aulast=Fahrig&rft.aufirst=Rudolf&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Monitoring Genotoxic Exposure in Uranium Mines
AN  - 14323474; 10478721
AB  - Deep uranium miners in Czechoslovakia were found to be exposed to mutagenic agents in addition to radon daughters. Mycotoxins were identified as a possible source of mutagens at thes sites and were analyzed in 38 samples from mines and in throat swabs from 116 miners and 78 control subjects. Mine samples contained aflatoxins B1 and G1, citrinin, mycophenolic acid, and others. Salmonella assays revealed mutagenic properties of mold strains isolated from mine and throat swabs.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sram, Radim J
AU  - Dobias, Lubomir
AU  - Rossner, Pavel
AU  - Vesela, Doubravka
AU  - Vesely, Drahomir
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 155
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - URANIUM MINING
KW  - MYCOTOXINS
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323474?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Monitoring+Genotoxic+Exposure+in+Uranium+Mines&rft.au=Sram%2C+Radim+J%3BDobias%2C+Lubomir%3BRossner%2C+Pavel%3BVesela%2C+Doubravka%3BVesely%2C+Drahomir&rft.aulast=Sram&rft.aufirst=Radim&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; URANIUM MINING; MYCOTOXINS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Human Health Risks Due to Consumption of Chemically Contaminated Fishery Products
AN  - 14322690; 10478728
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ahmed, Farid E
AU  - Hattis, Dale
AU  - Wolke, Richard E
AU  - Steinman, David
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 297
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - PRODUCT SAFETY
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, FISH
KW  - CONSUMER PROTECTION
KW  - FOOD CONTAMINATION
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - FOOD STANDARDS
KW  - FISHERIES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14322690?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+Health+Risks+Due+to+Consumption+of+Chemically+Contaminated+Fishery+Products&rft.au=Ahmed%2C+Farid+E%3BHattis%2C+Dale%3BWolke%2C+Richard+E%3BSteinman%2C+David&rft.aulast=Ahmed&rft.aufirst=Farid&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; PRODUCT SAFETY; BIOACCUMULATION, FISH; FOOD STANDARDS; CONSUMER PROTECTION; FISHERIES; FOOD CONTAMINATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Study of Sister Chromatid Exchange and Somatic Cell Mutation in Hospital Workers Exposed to Ethylene Oxide
AN  - 14322656; 10478722
AB  - The risks of exposure to ethylene oxide (EO) at current permissible levels and at past higher levels were examined in groups of exposed and control hospital workers. Genetic test results are reported for 94 central processing department workers and matched nutrition services controls. A direct association between sister chromatid exchange frequency and current smoking, but not with EO exposure, was observed. Statistical analysis of the somatic cell mutation variant frequencies did not display a link with EO exposure or with smoking.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tomkins, Darrell J
AU  - Haines, Ted
AU  - Lawrence, Murray
AU  - Rosa, Nadia
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 159
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - HEALTH FACILITIES
KW  - ETHYLENE
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - GENETICS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14322656?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Study+of+Sister+Chromatid+Exchange+and+Somatic+Cell+Mutation+in+Hospital+Workers+Exposed+to+Ethylene+Oxide&rft.au=Tomkins%2C+Darrell+J%3BHaines%2C+Ted%3BLawrence%2C+Murray%3BRosa%2C+Nadia&rft.aulast=Tomkins&rft.aufirst=Darrell&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; HEALTH FACILITIES; ETHYLENE; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; GENETICS, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Development of Bioassays and Approaches for the Risk Assessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Related Compounds
AN  - 14321726; 10478730
AB  - The halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) PCB, dibenzodioxins, and dibenzofurans are contaminants in almost every compartment of the global ecosystem. Research has proven a common receptor-mediated mechanism of action for TCDD and related toxic HAHs, and has led to the evolution of a mechanism-based risk assessment approach for HAHs. Several bioassays based on receptor-mediated end points can be used directly to determine the toxic equivalents for HAH mixtures. The benefits and limitations off the toxic equivalency factor/toxic equivalents approach to HAH risk assessment are explored.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Safe, Stephen
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 317
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - HALOGENS
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
KW  - CARCINOGEN TESTING
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14321726?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Development+of+Bioassays+and+Approaches+for+the+Risk+Assessment+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+Related+Compounds&rft.au=Safe%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=Safe&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; HALOGENS; BIOASSAY; CARCINOGEN TESTING; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Genetic Effects from Exposure to Hazardous Agents
AN  - 14321697; 10478727
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Favor, Jack
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 263
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - GENETICS, ANIMAL
KW  - SPECIES COMPARISONS
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - GENETICS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14321697?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Genetic+Effects+from+Exposure+to+Hazardous+Agents&rft.au=Favor%2C+Jack&rft.aulast=Favor&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; GENETICS, ANIMAL; SPECIES COMPARISONS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; GENETICS, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Mutagenicity Testing with Salmonella typhimurium TA102 in Three Different Laboratories
AN  - 14321618; 10478711
AB  - The mutagenicity of 30 chemicals was tested with the Salmonella typhimurium TA102 assay in three participating laboratories. Mutagenicity was detected by all facilities for hydrazine sulfate, phenylhydrazine, glyoxal, glutardialdehyde, and hydralazine. Formaldehyde was judged weakly mutagenic in one laboratory. The remaining compounds were described as nongenotoxic to the test organism. Some quantitative discrepancies occurred in the dose response of the mutagenic compounds, despite good qualitative agreement in mutagenicity data between participants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Muller, W
AU  - Engelhart, G
AU  - Herbold, B
AU  - Jackh, R
AU  - Jung, R
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 33
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - SALMONELLA
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14321618?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Mutagenicity+Testing+with+Salmonella+typhimurium+TA102+in+Three+Different+Laboratories&rft.au=Muller%2C+W%3BEngelhart%2C+G%3BHerbold%2C+B%3BJackh%2C+R%3BJung%2C+R&rft.aulast=Muller&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; SALMONELLA; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Interaction Between Smoking and Asbestos in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma: Role of K-ras Mutations
AN  - 14320701; 10478723
AB  - The activating point mutations in the K-ras oncogene was studied in DNA samples from 49 lung cancer patients to assess the role of asbestos fibers and cigarette smoking in lung cancer etiology. Mutations were detected more frequently in samples from adenocarcinomas relative to tissues from tumors other than nonadenocarcinomas of the lung. Asbestos exposure was predictive of K-ras mutation in adenocarcinoma patients; the relation appeared to be an inverse one in patients with other cancers. The proportion of heavy smokers was 60% among those with K-ras mutations, indicating the role of smoking in such mutation. Asbestos may act as a promoter by conferring selective growth conditions for clonal expansion on mutated cells.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Vainio, Harri
AU  - Husgafvel-Pursiainen, Kirsti
AU  - Anttila, Sisko
AU  - Karjalainen, Antti
AU  - Hackman, Peter
Y1  - 1993/10//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Oct 1993
SP  - 189
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ASBESTOS
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14320701?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Interaction+Between+Smoking+and+Asbestos+in+Human+Lung+Adenocarcinoma%3A+Role+of+K-ras+Mutations&rft.au=Vainio%2C+Harri%3BHusgafvel-Pursiainen%2C+Kirsti%3BAnttila%2C+Sisko%3BKarjalainen%2C+Antti%3BHackman%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Vainio&rft.aufirst=Harri&rft.date=1993-10-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; ASBESTOS; CIGARETTE SMOKE; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hazards of Lead in Schools and Day Care Facilities. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62806464; ED366459
AB  - The hearing reported in this document examined issues dealing with environmental lead hazards in schools and day care centers and the threat that lead poses to children's health, with a special focus on problems in New York City (NYC) public schools. Following an account of the opening remarks by Representatives on the committee and subcommittee, the hearing report contains accounts from the subcommittee of the disregard for lead hazards by schools and child care facilities, and of the lead hazard in the NYC public schools, including two documents, generated by the NYC Board of Education and the Chancellor's office, on the extent of the city's problem. Testimony was offered by the director of environmental protection issues for the General Accounting Office; the chairman of the American Academy of Pediatrics; the chief of the division of school facilities, NYC Board of Education; a member of Parents Against Lead in Schools; a professor of pediatrics at Montefiore Medical Center; and the chairperson of the New York Coalition to End Lead Poisoning. A written statement from the National School Boards Association is also included. (MDM)
Y1  - 1993/09/15/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Sep 15
SP  - 102
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No. 552-070-15529-5, $3.75).
SN  - 0160432839
KW  - New York City Board of Education
KW  - New York (New York)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - Lead Poisoning
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - School Safety
KW  - Day Care Centers
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Public Health
KW  - Educational Environment
KW  - Hearings
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806464?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-46. Portions contain small/blurred
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - From Red Tape to Results: Creating a Government That Works Better & Costs Less. Report of the National Performance Review.
AN  - 62695376; ED384294
AB  - This monograph presents results of a 6-month study of the federal government and the Clinton Administration's proposal for a decade-long process of re-inventing the federal government's operations. Each of four major principles are presented in a chapter organized around specific steps towards its implementation. These principles are: cutting red tape, putting customers first, empowering employees to get results, and cutting back to basics. Appendices present recommendations organized by federal agency, a summary of expected savings, and major recommendations affecting governmental systems. The 12 recommendations for the Department of Education are: (1) redesign Chapter 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; (2) reduce the number of programs the department administers; (3) consolidate the Eisenhower Math and Science Education Program with Chapter 2; (4) consolidate National Security Education Act programs; (5) streamline and improve the Department's grants process; (6) provide incentives for the Department's debt collection service; (7) simplify and strengthen institutional eligibility and certification for participation in federal student aid programs; (8) create a single point of contact for program and grant information; (9) improve employee development opportunities in the Department; (10) eliminate the grantback statutory provision of the General Education Provisions Act; (11) build a professional, mission-driven structure for research; and (12) develop a strategy for technical assistance and information dissemination. (Contains 251 endnotes.) (JB)
AU  - Gore, Al
Y1  - 1993/09/10/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Sep 10
SP  - 175
PB  - U.S. <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 ($14, $17.50 foreign).
KW  - Clinton Administration
KW  - Debt Collection
KW  - Department of Education
KW  - Dwight D Eisenhower Math and Science Educ Program
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - General Education Provisions Act 1968
KW  - National Performance Review
KW  - National Security Education Act 1991
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Institutional Administration
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Grants
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Program Termination
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Staff Development
KW  - Eligibility
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - Public Agencies
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Institutional Evaluation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Federal Regulation
KW  - Organizational Effectiveness
KW  - Organizational Change
KW  - Educational Research
KW  - Research Administration
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62695376?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Twelve major recommendations pertaining to the Dep
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Official congressional directory - 102d Congress
AN  - 839299716; 1247292
JF  - Public administration review
AU  - Rouse, John
AU  - Rouse, John
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 481
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
SN  - 0033-3352, 0033-3352
KW  - Bureaucracy
KW  - Directories
KW  - Executive power
KW  - U.S.A.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839299716?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+administration+review&rft.atitle=Official+congressional+directory+-+102d+Congress&rft.au=Rouse%2C+John&rft.aulast=Rouse&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+administration+review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 4595 9754 9965; 3582 10685 1706 7464; 1832 567; 433 293 14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The United States government manual
AN  - 839297268; 1247296
JF  - Public administration review
AU  - Rouse, John
AU  - Rouse, John
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 481
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office
VL  - 53
IS  - 5
SN  - 0033-3352, 0033-3352
KW  - Bureaucracy
KW  - Directories
KW  - Executive power
KW  - U.S.A.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839297268?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+administration+review&rft.atitle=The+United+States+government+manual&rft.au=Rouse%2C+John&rft.aulast=Rouse&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=481&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+administration+review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3582 10685 1706 7464; 4595 9754 9965; 1832 567; 433 293 14
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Adult Literacy in America: A First Look at the Results of the National Adult Literacy Survey.
AN  - 62889429; ED358375
AB  - The National Adult Literacy Survey profiled the literacy of U.S. adults based on their performance on tasks reflecting materials and demands of daily life. Data were gathered through interviews with a random sample of 13,600 people over 16, a survey of 1,000 adults in each of 12 states, and interviews with 1,100 prison inmates, making a total of 26,000 adults surveyed. Participants completed a series of literacy tasks and received proficiency scores on three scales measuring prose, document, and quantitative literacy. They were categorized in five levels. Major findings were as follows: (1) 40-44 million adults were at the lowest level, of whom 25% were immigrants, 62% did not complete high school, and 19% had visual difficulties; (2) 50 million at level 2 had difficulty with higher reading and problem-solving skills; (3) most at levels 1-2 rated their reading/writing as well or very well--they could meet most needs with limited skills; (4) 61 million were at level 3, 34-40 million at levels 4-5; (5) young adults were less proficient than those surveyed in 1985; (6) older adults were more likely to have limited skills; (7) many minorities and prison inmates were more likely to be at levels 1-2, due to fewer years of schooling or limited English proficiency; (8) higher levels correlated with being employed, working more weeks, and having higher wages; and (9) 41-44% of level 1 and 4-8% of levels 4-5 were in poverty. (Appendices include definitions and 31 data tables. Document includes 13 other tables and 26 figures.) (SK)
AU  - Kirsch, Irwin S.
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 178
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No. 065-000-00588-3).
KW  - National Adult Literacy Survey
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Socioeconomic Status
KW  - Numeracy
KW  - Reading Habits
KW  - Young Adults
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Educational Attainment
KW  - Adults
KW  - Prisoners
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Basic Skills
KW  - Salary Wage Differentials
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Educational Status Comparison
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62889429?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related documents, see ED 275 701 and ED 349 4
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Protecting Privacy in Computerized Medical Information.
AN  - 62811141; ED369416
AB  - This report analyzes the implications of computerized medical information and the challenges it brings to individual privacy. The report examines the nature of the privacy interest in health care information and the current state of the law protecting that information; the nature of proposals to computerize health care information and the technologies available to both computerize and protect privacy in the information; and models for protection of health care information. The following chapters are included: (1) "Introduction, Summary, and Options"; (2) "The Right to Privacy in Health Care Information"; (3) "Systems for Computerized Health Care Information"; and (4) "Designing Protection for Computerized Health Care Information." Included in the appendices are selected topics in computer security and model codes for protection of health care information. (JLB)
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 168
PB  - U.S. <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - OTA-TCT-576
KW  - Computer Security
KW  - Health Information
KW  - Medical Information Systems
KW  - Medical Records
KW  - Office of Technology Assessment
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Information Systems
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Confidentiality
KW  - Automation
KW  - Online Systems
KW  - Health
KW  - Confidential Records
KW  - Disclosure
KW  - Databases
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Records Management
KW  - Privacy
KW  - Data Processing
KW  - Medical Case Histories
KW  - Information Needs
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62811141?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Toward Quality in Education: The Leader's Odyssey.
AN  - 62807770; ED362951
AB  - This book is intended as a resource for educators engaged in the pursuit of quality and excellence. Specifically, Total Quality Management (TQM)--defined as a way of thinking and working to achieve continuous improvement through employee involvement and a focus on customers--is applied to education. Following the introduction, the first two chapters provide an overview of the national productivity and educational crisis in America. Chapter 3 describes the tenets of TQM, or organizational transformation, and chapter 4 discusses the basics of TQM in education. The fifth chapter provides a framework for analyzing ideas and innovations in education, which is useful for integrating TQM and improvement initiatives. A case study of the Bluebonnet Hill School District (Texas) is offered in chapter 6. The seventh chapter discusses ways to integrate TQM with other educational innovations, such as school-based decision making, effective schools, strategic planning, and outcome-based education. The final chapter examines challenges for leadership in constructing a new educational culture. Appendices contain seven basic tools, Deming's 14 Points, a list of design team members, and a description of National LEADership Network Study Group on Restructuring Schools activities. (LMI)
AU  - Monk, Betty Jo
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 120
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160420504
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Total Quality Management
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Organizational Theories
KW  - Organizational Climate
KW  - Organizational Change
KW  - Leadership
KW  - Educational Philosophy
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807770?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Prepared by the National LEADership Network Study
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States.
AN  - 62807434; ED368561
AB  - Non-indigenous species (NIS) are common in the United States landscape. While some are beneficial, others are harmful and can cause significant economic, environmental, and health damage. This study, requested by the U.S. House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee, examined State and Federal policies related to these harmful NIS. The report is presented in 10 chapters. Chapter 1 identifies the issues and options related to the topic and a summary of the findings from the individual chapters that follow. Chapters 2 "The Consequences of NIS" and 3 "The Changing Numbers, Causes, and Rates of Introductions" examine basic aspects of NIS, their effects, how many there are, and how they get here. Technologies to deal with harmful NIS, including decision-making methods and techniques for preventing and managing problem species, are covered in chapters 4 "The Application of Decisionmaking Methods" and 5 "Technologies for Preventing and Managing Problems." Chapters 6, "A Primer on Federal Policy," 7 "State and Local Approaches from a National Perspective," and 8 "Two Case Studies: Non-Indigenous Species in Hawaii and Florida" assess what various institutions at the Federal, State, and local levels do, or fail to do, about NIS. Chapters 9 and 10 place NIS in a broader context by examining their relationships to genetically engineered organisms, to international law to other prominent environmental issues, and to choices regarding the future of the nation's biological resources. Appendixes include: lists of boxes, figures, and tables in the document; list of authors, workshop participants, reviewers, and survey respondents for the study; and list of references by chapter. Additional sections contain an index to common and scientific names of species, and a general index. (MDH)
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 409
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 016042075X
KW  - Environmental Issues
KW  - Environmental Management
KW  - Environmental Problems
KW  - Florida
KW  - Global Change
KW  - Hawaii
KW  - Non Indigenous Species
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Financial Support
KW  - Weeds
KW  - Animals
KW  - State Legislation
KW  - Genetic Engineering
KW  - Case Studies
KW  - Plants (Botany)
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Decision Making
KW  - Natural Resources
KW  - International Law
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Wildlife Management
KW  - Biotechnology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62807434?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Chapter One, The "Summary" has also been printed a
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Making Government Work: Electronic Delivery of Federal Services.
AN  - 62806507; ED369405
AB  - This report, published in its entirety (OTA-TCT-578) and in a summary form (OTA-TCT-579) containing only the first chapter of the complete report, focuses on key topics and issues that are central to the successful use of electronic delivery by government. The review conducted by the Office of Technology Assessment concludes that the movement toward electronic delivery of government services is accelerating, but that many factors must be considered. The greatest risks of electronic delivery are overlooking the human element and users' needs, which would further widen the gap between the technologically literate and the technologically illiterate, and failing to capitalize on all the opportunities that partnerships among government agencies and the private sector could provide. Changes that will be required in federal management are outlined, and options for successful implementation of electronic delivery are sketched. Many rely on the amplification of existing structures. Five appendixes complement the complete report, including a list of the 11 boxes, 5 figures, and 22 tables that illustrate the discussion; and lists of acronyms and terms, contributors, field study participants, and contractor reports. The summary volume contains four tables and two boxes. (SLD)
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 188
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - OTA-TCT-578; OTA-TCT-579
KW  - Electronic Media
KW  - Government Information
KW  - Information Strategies
KW  - Office of Technology Assessment
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Change
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Cooperation
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Delivery Systems
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Technological Literacy
KW  - User Needs (Information)
KW  - Access to Information
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Information Literacy
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Information Networks
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806507?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Summary contained in chapter 1 is also bound separ
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Using Technology To Support Education Reform.
AN  - 62806318; ED364220
AB  - Many critics of American education see technology as an important tool in bringing about the kind of revolutionary changes called for in new reform efforts. Consequently, support for the use of technology to promote fundamental reform appears to be reaching a new high. Following an introduction describing elements of school reform, Chapter 2 describes how technology can support the kinds of student learning described in a model of reform presented in Chapter 1. Chapter 3 describes the ways that technology can support student learning as defined by education reformers, and Chapter 4 describes ways in which technology can support teacher efforts to promote student learning. Chapter 5 reviews the literature on the effects of technology on student learning outcomes. The final chapter deals with issues of implementation for projects attempting education reform supported by technology. Three tables and two figures summarize information about technology and reform. (Contains 192 references.) (SLD)
AU  - Means, Barbara
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 116
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - OR-93-3231
KW  - Reform Efforts
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Teacher Role
KW  - Learning
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Literature Reviews
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Models
KW  - Technology Uses in Education
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Educational Technology
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806318?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Public School Kindergarten Teachers' Views on Children's Readiness for School. Contractor Report. Statistical Analysis Report. Fast Response Survey System.
AN  - 62805327; ED364332
AB  - As one step in the process of developing consensus on the definition of school readiness, the National Education Goals Panel requested a survey about the current beliefs and professional judgments of public school kindergarten teachers regarding school readiness. Conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics in the spring of 1993, the survey covered three general areas: (1) public school kindergarten teachers' judgments and beliefs about school readiness; (2) the characteristics of the teachers' kindergarten classes and their practices in these classes; and (3) the teachers' background characteristics. This document details the results of that survey. Of the over 1,300 kindergarten teachers surveyed, the great majority (96%) held the view that the most important factor, for kindergarten readiness is for the child to be physically healthy, rested and well nourished. A majority also believe that children should be able to communicate wants, needs, and thoughts verbally and that enthusiasm and curiosity are more important for school readiness than knowledge of the alphabet or counting ability. While most teachers believe that school readiness cannot be pushed, 94% also believe that they can enhance a child's readiness by providing helpful experiences; moreover, they are almost universally agreed that parents should read to their children and play counting games at home regularly to help children prepare for school. More than half of the document consists of tables of estimates and standard errors. Eight figures and five text tables are also included, and a copy of the survey is appended. (MM)
AU  - Heaviside, Sheila
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 204
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-410
KW  - Professional Judgment
KW  - Teacher Surveys
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Preschool Teachers
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Kindergarten
KW  - Parent Participation
KW  - Public School Teachers
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - School Readiness
KW  - Classroom Techniques
KW  - Teaching Methods
KW  - Learning Readiness
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62805327?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Dropout Rates in the United States: 1992.
AN  - 62802621; ED363671
AB  - This fifth annual report on dropout rates in the United States presents data for 1992 on high school dropout and retention rates and high school completion and graduate rates. The report is based on the best and most current available data, drawing on the Current Population Survey of the Census and the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Dropout rates have declined over the last 10 to 15 years. The event dropout rate (proportion who drop out in a single year) for persons aged 15 through 24 years in grades 10 through 12 in 1978 was 6.7 percent, but in 1992 it was 4.4 percent. The status dropout rate (proportion who have not completed high school and are not enrolled at a particular time) for persons aged 16 through 24 years has dropped from 14.2 percent in 1978 to 11.0 percent in 1992. Dropout rates decrease markedly as income rises. The overall differential between Whites and Blacks is narrowing, although differences do remain for racial and ethnic groups. Persons in central cities, in southern or western areas, in low income families, and from Hispanic American families were more likely to be status dropouts than were other groups. The high school completion rate has gradually increased over the last 20 years, from about 82 percent in 1972 to 86 percent in 1992. Fifteen figures and 28 tables present information on dropouts and trends. Three appendixes provide 71 tables, 1 figure, and technical information about the study. (SLD)
AU  - McMillen, Marilyn M.
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 180
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160419301
KW  - Current Population Survey
KW  - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988
KW  - United States
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Dropout Characteristics
KW  - Dropout Rate
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Urban Schools
KW  - Racial Differences
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Annual Reports
KW  - Census Figures
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - High Schools
KW  - Urban Youth
KW  - Graphs
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - High School Students
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62802621?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Neighbors Helping Neighbors: A New National Strategy for the Protection of Children. Fourth Report.
AN  - 62632886; ED393598
AB  - This report proposes a new national strategy to prevent child abuse and neglect. Four components of the proposed strategy are that it be: (1) comprehensive; (2) neighborhood-based; (3) child-centered; and (4) family-focused. Specific elements of the strategy include: (1) strengthening neighborhoods; (2) reorienting the delivery of human services; (3) improving the government's role in controlling child maltreatment; (4) reorienting societal values that contribute to child maltreatment; and (5) strengthening and broadening knowledge about child maltreatment. Section 1 of the report gives a brief overview of the proposed national strategy and the five elements of which it is comprised. Section 2 identifies conditions in American society which led to the current crisis, analyzes the response of the child protective system, and discusses the need for reform. Section 3 offers an in-depth discussion of the five elements of the proposed national strategy, and section 4 compares the proposed strategy with related recommendations from other groups and institutions. Section 5 presents five guiding principles to be followed in implementing the national strategy, and section 6 outlines the potential contribution of major sectors and institutions in society to such a strategy. The report offers 34 recommendations, which are presented at the end of relevant subsections in section 2, and are consolidated in the appendix, along with the proposed national child protection policy. (TJQ)
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 217
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - Child Protection
KW  - Family Advocacy
KW  - Family Development
KW  - Family Support
KW  - National Policy
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Community Role
KW  - Social Change
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Children
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Neighborhood Improvement
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Social Attitudes
KW  - Child Advocacy
KW  - Social Services
KW  - Child Neglect
KW  - Childrens Rights
KW  - Change Strategies
KW  - Child Abuse
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62632886?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Executive Summary of the NAEP 1992 Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States. Data from the National and Trial State Assessments.
AN  - 62548534; ED400531
AB  - The National Assessment of Educational Progress' (NAEP) 1992 reading assessment was administered to nationally representative samples of fourth-, eighth-, and twelfth-grade students attending public and private schools, and to state representative public-school samples of fourth graders in 43 jurisdictions. Nearly 140,000 students were assessed in all. Data were summarized on the NAEP reading proficiency scale ranging from 0 to 500, and results were reported according to three achievement levels at each grade--basic, proficient, and advanced. Major findings were that: (1) 59% of the fourth graders, 69% of eighth graders, and 75% of twelfth graders reached the basic level or beyond; (2) 25%, 28%, and 37% of grades 4, 8, and 12 students met or exceeded the proficient level, respectively; (3) from 2% to 4% of students at any of the grade levels achieved the "advanced" performance level; (4) fourth graders within the basic level generally understood simple narratives; (5) eighth graders reading within the basic level demonstrated literal understanding of passages; (6) twelfth graders within the basic level were able to interpret aspects of the passages they read and make connections between their reading and their own knowledge; (7) students attending private schools had higher average reading proficiency than students at public schools; (8) considerable variation in performance existed within and across participating states; (9) females had higher average reading proficiency than males at all three grade levels; and (10) fourth graders appeared to be learning reading through varied instructional approaches. (Contains 19 tables and 3 figures of data.) (RS)
AU  - Mullis, Ina V.
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 46
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NAEP-23-ST08
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Reading Achievement
KW  - Teacher Behavior
KW  - Reading Instruction
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Reading Ability
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Reading Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62548534?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the complete report summarized here, see ED 36
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - NAEP 1992 Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States (Data from the National and Trial State Assessments). Executive Summary.
AN  - 62547911; ED404612
AB  - Noting that the 1992 National Assessment of Educational Progress used a variety of innovative assessment approaches, this executive summary discusses a number of issues related to the new reading assessment framework. An introductory section of the executive summary discusses the new framework for reading assessment, the transition in reporting results of the assessment, and the continuing development effort. The next section summarizes the major findings, the results for student subgroups, fourth grade reading instruction, reading habits and practices, and achievement levels. A chart presenting the National Assessment of Educational Progress--1992 Reading Assessment at a glance--is followed by 19 tables and three figures of data accompanied by brief discussions on such issues as overall reading performance for the states, performance for student subpopulations, students' average performance across states, the instructional emphasis in fourth-grade classrooms, reading as part of reading instruction, and reading for fun outside of school. Also discussed in the summary is the development by the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB) of achievement levels (Basic, Proficient, and Advanced) subsequent to the development of reading assessments, and the fact that while substantial proportions of students demonstrated understanding of reading materials considered straightforward for their grade (Basic), very few, at any grade, were able to examine more complex materials and extend their thinking beyond the information (Advanced). (RS)
AU  - Mullis, Ina V.
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 46
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NAEP-23-ST08
KW  - Educational Issues
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Intermediate Grades
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Reading Habits
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - Reading Research
KW  - Secondary Education
KW  - Evaluation Methods
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Reading Achievement
KW  - Reading Instruction
KW  - Student Evaluation
KW  - State Norms
KW  - Evaluation Problems
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62547911?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the full report, see ED 369 067.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Handbook of international economic statistics, 1993
T2  - CPAS 93-10004
AN  - 59652908; 1994-0506516
AB  - Statistics for the OECD, selected East European countries and, when available, data for the independent republics of the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia; 1985-92, chiefly. Includes data for 1970 and 1980.
JF  - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234, September 1993. v+197+2 pp.
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
EP  - v+197+2
PB  - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234
KW  - Eastern Europe -- Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Yugoslavia -- Economic conditions -- Statistics
KW  - Commonwealth of independent states -- Economic conditions -- Statistics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59652908?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B197%2B2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+international+economic+statistics%2C+1993&rft.title=Handbook+of+international+economic+statistics%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234; Supt Docs (22x28 cm) spiral bdg; Nat Tech Info Service
N1  - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s), index(es)
N1  - SuppNotes - folded sheets
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - 7th symposium on Containment of underground nuclear explosions
AN  - 52742587; 1997-022401
JF  - Symposium on Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions
AU  - Anonymous
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
PB  - U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, DC
VL  - 7
KW  - engineering geology
KW  - symposia
KW  - explosions
KW  - nuclear explosions
KW  - 30:Engineering geology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52742587?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Symposium+on+Containment+of+Underground+Nuclear+Explosions&rft.atitle=7th+symposium+on+Containment+of+underground+nuclear+explosions&rft.au=Anonymous&rft.aulast=Anonymous&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Symposium+on+Containment+of+Underground+Nuclear+Explosions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Conference title - 7th symposium on Containment of underground nuclear explosions
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute.
N1  - Date revised - 1997-01-01
N1  - PubXState - DC
N1  - SuppNotes - Individual abstracts are cited separately
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - CODEN - #03450
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - engineering geology; explosions; nuclear explosions; symposia
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Groundwater levels from well and test-hole data, Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada, 1959-91
AN  - 52738035; 1997-022402
JF  - Symposium on Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions
AU  - Hale, G S
AU  - Trudeau, D A
AU  - Anonymous
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - September 1993
SP  - 39
PB  - U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, DC
VL  - 7
KW  - United States
KW  - explosions
KW  - Paleozoic
KW  - Nye County Nevada
KW  - ground water
KW  - Cenozoic
KW  - Nevada Test Site
KW  - sedimentary rocks
KW  - levels
KW  - movement
KW  - Yucca Flat
KW  - nuclear explosions
KW  - carbonate rocks
KW  - Nevada
KW  - 30:Engineering geology
KW  - 21:Hydrogeology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52738035?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Symposium+on+Containment+of+Underground+Nuclear+Explosions&rft.atitle=Groundwater+levels+from+well+and+test-hole+data%2C+Yucca+Flat%2C+Nevada+Test+Site%2C+Nye+County%2C+Nevada%2C+1959-91&rft.au=Hale%2C+G+S%3BTrudeau%2C+D+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hale&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Symposium+on+Containment+of+Underground+Nuclear+Explosions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Conference title - 7th symposium on Containment of underground nuclear explosions
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute.
N1  - Date revised - 1997-01-01
N1  - PubXState - DC
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - CODEN - #03450
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; explosions; ground water; levels; movement; Nevada; Nevada Test Site; nuclear explosions; Nye County Nevada; Paleozoic; sedimentary rocks; United States; Yucca Flat
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Use of Personal Measurements for Ozone Exposure Assessment: a Pilot Study
AN  - 14338867; 10477805
AB  - An ozone passive sampler has recently been developed that can be used to measure indoor microenvironmental and outdoor concentrations. The sampler was used in a pilot study in 1991 to assess O sub(3) exposure in Pennsylvania. Extensive personal measurements and detailed time-activity information were collected for 23 children. Factors affecting variations in indoor and outdoor concentrations, as well as personal exposures, were examined. The validity of the personal measurements was confirmed by outdoor stationary monitors. Research indicated that both indoor and outdoor O sub(3) concentrations exhibited a diurnal pattern, with daytime concentrations significantly higher than nighttime concentrations. Densely populated regions had lower O sub(3) concentrations than rural regions. Using the exposure data, two types of daytime personal exposure models were developed. The most important determinant of exposure was shown to be indoor O sub(3) concentrations. The results showed that the use of fixed-site samplers may not be appropriate for exposure studies.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Liu, L-JSally
AU  - Koutrakis, Petros
AU  - Suh, Helen H
AU  - Mulik, James D
AU  - Burton, Robert M
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 318
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MATHEMATIC MODELS, AIR
KW  - MONITORING, AIR
KW  - AIR SAMPLING
KW  - OZONE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14338867?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+Personal+Measurements+for+Ozone+Exposure+Assessment%3A+a+Pilot+Study&rft.au=Liu%2C+L-JSally%3BKoutrakis%2C+Petros%3BSuh%2C+Helen+H%3BMulik%2C+James+D%3BBurton%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=L-JSally&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MATHEMATIC MODELS, AIR; MONITORING, AIR; AIR SAMPLING; OZONE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identification of 6-Hydroxy-trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoic Acid, a Novel Ring-Opened Urinary Metabolite of Benzene
AN  - 14338151; 10477803
AB  - Research has shown that benzene toxicity arises from the formation of metabolites in the liver. One of these metabolites is the open-ringed intermediate trans,trans-muconic acid (MA). One such compound has been identified in the laboratory as the dialdehyde trans,trans-muconaldehyde (MUC), which as been shown to be hematotoxic when injected into mice. Two of the endproducts of MUC are MA and 6-hydroxy-trans,trans-hexadienoic acid (HHA). Using CD-1 mice treated with MUC, the identification of HHA as a urinary metabolite of benzene is confirmed, showing the intermediacy of MUC in benzene metabolism.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kline, Stanley A
AU  - Robertson, JForbes
AU  - Grotz, VLee
AU  - Goldstein, Bernard D
AU  - Witz, Gisela
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 310
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL
KW  - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
KW  - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
KW  - METABOLIC ACTIVATION
KW  - BENZENE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14338151?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Identification+of+6-Hydroxy-trans%2Ctrans-2%2C4-hexadienoic+Acid%2C+a+Novel+Ring-Opened+Urinary+Metabolite+of+Benzene&rft.au=Kline%2C+Stanley+A%3BRobertson%2C+JForbes%3BGrotz%2C+VLee%3BGoldstein%2C+Bernard+D%3BWitz%2C+Gisela&rft.aulast=Kline&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; BENZENE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Passive Cigarette Smoke, Coal Heating, and Respiratory Symptoms of Nonsmoking Women in China
AN  - 14337619; 10477804
AB  - Data on respiratory systems in 973 nonsmoking women in China who worked in similar textile mills were analyzed from a previous survey in order to investigate the effects of passive cigarette smoke and coal heating on the prevalence of the symptoms. Five respiratory symptoms were defined, and the prevalence rates for each of the symptoms were calculated using chi-square tests. Data were also compiled on homes with different numbers of smokers, and with and without coal heating. Results indicated that a prevalence of chest illness, cough, phlegm, and shortness of breath was positively associated with women living in homes with smokers and coal heating. The effects of each pollutant were higher when both were present.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pope, CArden
AU  - Xu, Xiping
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 314
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - COAL HEATING
KW  - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KW  - CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
KW  - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14337619?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Passive+Cigarette+Smoke%2C+Coal+Heating%2C+and+Respiratory+Symptoms+of+Nonsmoking+Women+in+China&rft.au=Pope%2C+CArden%3BXu%2C+Xiping&rft.aulast=Pope&rft.aufirst=CArden&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - COAL HEATING; CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; CIGARETTE SMOKE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Strategic Planning: Will It Influence the Future of Environmental Health Research?
AN  - 14337547; 10477801
AB  - Strategic planning was initiated at NIH in 1992. Each of the institutes was ordered to work together to develop a strategic plan based on 11 areas of biomedical science, human disease and dysfunction, and vulnerable populations. The development of the planning process from 1991 to the present is chronicled. The final plan, which was released in 1993, sets priority objectives for research support for critical sciences and technologies and for the application of these tools to human-health needs. NIEHS has proposed a research strategy that integrates the basic biological sciences, modern toxicology, and human studies to characterize the environmental contribution to health and disease, with a goal toward prevention and intervention. With the change in administration, however, the lasting impact of strategic planning at the institutes is in doubt. It is hoped that the strategic planning process has taken hold at NIH and will be continued into the future.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - VanderMeer, Dan
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 296
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - US NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENV HEALTH SCIENCES
KW  - POLICY AND PLANNING, FEDERAL
KW  - US NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
KW  - RESEARCH, ENV
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14337547?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Strategic+Planning%3A+Will+It+Influence+the+Future+of+Environmental+Health+Research%3F&rft.au=VanderMeer%2C+Dan&rft.aulast=VanderMeer&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - US NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENV HEALTH SCIENCES; POLICY AND PLANNING, FEDERAL; RESEARCH, ENV; US NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Cheshire Cat Phenomenon: Effects of Nonionizing Electromagnetic Radiation
AN  - 14336125; 10477800
AB  - Efforts are under way to better understand the biological responses to low-level electric and magnetic fields (EMFs). At issue is whether nonionizing radiation, which emits fields too weak to break chemical bonds, is damaging to human health. Since the 1960s, the results from numerous epidemiological studies have indicated a statistical link between cancer and high EMF levels inside buildings. The results of representative studies are briefly discussed, which have attempted to evaluate the possible health effects associated with cellular telephones, electric blankets, video display terminals, and radar guns. While EMFs do not appear to damage DNA directly, research suggests that they can increase the transcription of RNA and affect protein synthesis.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Pinholster, Ginger
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 292
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE
KW  - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN
KW  - RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC, DOSES
KW  - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336125?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Cheshire+Cat+Phenomenon%3A+Effects+of+Nonionizing+Electromagnetic+Radiation&rft.au=Pinholster%2C+Ginger&rft.aulast=Pinholster&rft.aufirst=Ginger&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC, DOSES; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Toxicity Tests in Animals: Alternative Models
AN  - 14336054; 10477799
AB  - With the advent of technological improvements in tissue culture and the Ames test, whole-animal testing is no longer the only option in toxicity testing. The alternatives to whole-animal testing include: endpoint assays, cell and tissue cultures, the use of tissue slices, toxicokinetic modeling, and structureactivity relationships. An important issue in using alternative models, however, is the correlation of results from alternative tests to those involving mammals. The central issue is the determination of how highly conserved a particular organ or biological system is and how well a given system correlates with the human system. Mathematic models are playing an increasing role in converting the results from alternative tests into data that are applicable to human risk assessment. Further aiding in the advancement of alternative methods is the use of structureactivity relationships, which aid in the understanding of cellular and molecular processes and the differences in these processes between humans and animals.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sklarew, Myra
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 288
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - LABORATORY ANIMALS
KW  - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION
KW  - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL
KW  - TOXICOLOGY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14336054?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Toxicity+Tests+in+Animals%3A+Alternative+Models&rft.au=Sklarew%2C+Myra&rft.aulast=Sklarew&rft.aufirst=Myra&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t photos
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; LABORATORY ANIMALS; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; TOXICOLOGY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Rat Pleural Mesothelial Cells Show Damage After Exposure to External But Not to Internal Cigarette Smoke
AN  - 14333183; 10477806
AB  - The effects of active oxygen species in cigarette smoke on mesothelial cells were investigated, using female Sprague-Dawley rats. Whole rat lung preparations were exposed to either internal or external smoke. Lung preparations were also exposed to solutions of hydrogen peroxide to assess the effects of oxidants. Results indicated that mesothelial cells exposed to external smoke showed a dose-dependent uptake. Exposure to internal smoke did not produce similar results. Bronchial epithelial cells exposed to internal and external smoke produced results similar to those for mesothelial cells. These results were replicated when the cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide. These findings suggest that mesothelial cells in general are sensitive to oxidant attack, but that the smoke components do not penetrate through the pleura.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sekhon, Harmanjatinder S
AU  - Keeling, Beverley
AU  - Churg, Andrew
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 326
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CYTOTOXICITY
KW  - OXIDANTS
KW  - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14333183?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rat+Pleural+Mesothelial+Cells+Show+Damage+After+Exposure+to+External+But+Not+to+Internal+Cigarette+Smoke&rft.au=Sekhon%2C+Harmanjatinder+S%3BKeeling%2C+Beverley%3BChurg%2C+Andrew&rft.aulast=Sekhon&rft.aufirst=Harmanjatinder&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 10 |t photos
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CYTOTOXICITY; OXIDANTS; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY; CIGARETTE SMOKE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Relationship Between Molecular Connectivity and Carcinogenic Activity: a Confirmation with a New Software Program Based on Graph Theory
AN  - 14331078; 10477807
AB  - Software using graph theory was developed to reproduce the basic operations characterizing the computer-automated structure evaluation used in the field of structureactivity relationships. The software was used to relate the topographical properties of molecules to their possible carcinogenicity. The system searches all of the molecular fragments of a specific compound whose activity is known in order to determine a reliable set of fragments whose presence in compounds of unknown carcinogenicity may be an indicator of their activity. The software was evaluated using a data set composed of chemicals for which the carcinogenicity was known and those for which carcinogenic potential was unknown. The results are presented and discussed. All relevant data are tabulated.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Malacarne, Davide
AU  - Presenti, Raffaele
AU  - Paolucci, Massimo
AU  - Parodi, Silvio
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 332
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
KW  - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331078?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Relationship+Between+Molecular+Connectivity+and+Carcinogenic+Activity%3A+a+Confirmation+with+a+New+Software+Program+Based+on+Graph+Theory&rft.au=Malacarne%2C+Davide%3BPresenti%2C+Raffaele%3BPaolucci%2C+Massimo%3BParodi%2C+Silvio&rft.aulast=Malacarne&rft.aufirst=Davide&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - COMPUTER APPLICATIONS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Use of Transgenic Mice for Environmental Health Research
AN  - 14330556; 10477802
AB  - Transgenic mice are produced by randomly inserting a new gene into the genome of a mouse, or by mutating a targeted gene. Each technology is described. The development of transgenic mice will have important implications for future environmental health research-in understanding the roles of proteins; identifying and characterizing environmental, occupational, genetic, dietary, and other factors that induce neoplastic processes; and identifying previously unknown genes.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Eddy, Mitch
Y1  - 1993/09//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Sep 1993
SP  - 298
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
IS  - 4
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GENETICS, ANIMAL
KW  - GENETIC ENGINEERING
KW  - DNA
KW  - RESEARCH, ENV
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14330556?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Transgenic+Mice+for+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.au=Eddy%2C+Mitch&rft.aulast=Eddy&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GENETICS, ANIMAL; GENETIC ENGINEERING; DNA; RESEARCH, ENV
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Goals 2000: Educate America Act Overview and Analysis.
AN  - 62889323; ED359637
AB  - This report provides an overview and analysis of the Clinton Administration's school reform proposal, Goals 2000: Educate America Act, submitted to the 103d Congress on April 22, 1993. The proposal, which seeks to create a national structure for supporting school reform, addresses three primary topics: (1) education goals, standards, and assessments; (2) state and local educational reform; and (3) work force standards. Achievement of educational goals, standards, and assessments would involve the establishment in law of the National Education Goals Panel (NEGP) and the National Education Standards and Improvement Council (NESIC). The legislation would also authorize State and Local Education Systemic Improvement grants to support state and local education systemic improvement. Finally, it would establish a National Skill Standards Board (NSSB) to develop a national system of voluntary occupational standards and certification. Each of these facets of the proposed legislation is succinctly detailed in this report. (LMI)
AU  - Stedman, James B.
Y1  - 1993/08/26/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Aug 26
SP  - 15
VL  - CRS-93-457-EPW
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - National Standards
KW  - Educational Quality
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62889323?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Educational Research, Development, and Dissemination Excellence Act. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 1st Session. Report To Accompany H.R. 856.
AN  - 62805988; ED363635
AB  - The House Committee on Education and Labor reports on the bill (H.R. 856) to improve education in the United States by promoting excellence in research, development, and the dissemination of information. The committee reports favorably on the bill, with an amendment, and recommends that the House pass the bill as amended. Consideration of H.R. 856 began in June 1991, and the various hearings and statements are summarized. As recommended by the Committee, the "Educational Research, Development and Dissemination Excellence Act" amends Section 405 or the General Education Provisions Act and reauthorizes the Office of Educational Research and Improvement through 1997. The bill also establishes five initiatives for educational research. The first is an 18-member Educational Research Policy and Priorities Board. A second effort establishes five National Research Institutes, for the following: (1) at-risk students; (2) innovation in educational governance, policymaking, finance, and management; (3) early childhood education and development; (4) student achievement; and (5) postsecondary education, libraries, and lifelong learning. A program of cross-cutting research is planned, and a National Education Dissemination System that will include the Educational Resources Information System and efforts toward the National Education Goals is established. A fifth initiative is a National Library of Education. The amended text is included. (SLD)
Y1  - 1993/08/02/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Aug 02
SP  - 124
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC
KW  - National Education Dissemination System
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - Office of Educational Research and Improvement
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - School Administration
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - High Risk Students
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Libraries
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Child Development
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62805988?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nothofagus (Fagaceae) and its invertebrate fauna-an overview and preliminary synthesis
AN  - 888112237; 15450070
AB  - The invertebrates directly associated with the southern hemisphere tree genus Nothofagus are described and discussed in terms of their organization into guilds and attributes of their hostplants. Using literature records, comparisons are made of the guild composition between host species and provenances; a full invertebrate-hostplant list is appended. Sap-sucking Homoptera are particularly diverse and usually host-species specific whereas defoliating insects seem less prevalent and less specific. Few seed-eating insects are reported. Some provenances and hostplants exhibit local radiations in certain taxa, such as Eriococcidae in New Zealand, Notophorina psyllids in South America and scolytid beetles on N. dombeyi. Environmental stresses such as drought, disturbance and landslips, can induce outbreaks of certain scale insects and borers, affecting the dynamics of the forest. Generally, however, the influence of invertebrates appears benign, but occasional large-scale defoliation is observed on N. solandri var. cliffortioides, N. moorei, N. antarctica and N. pumilio. Collectively this fauna has two elements: a geographically recurrent Gondwanic element, usually monophagous, and a provenance-specific element (often polyphagous) locally recruited following vicariance of the host genus. The fauna of Nothofagus can be in stark contrast to that of adjacent forest types. In Australia, the insect profile of Nothofagus has more in common with fagaceous trees on other continents than the more recent Eucalyptus forests which surround it. There is almost no evidence of fauna transfer from Nothofagus to Eucalyptus. Relative to New Zealand, the Australian Nothofagus fauna is depauperate and may reflect truncation in Pleistocene glaciations. Typically low insect populations on these trees may partly explain the limited range of insectivorous birds and spiders observed in Australia. Much more data on the phytophagous insects of this biome is needed for comparative purposes. The fauna of the montane tropical subgenus Brassospora pollen group is almost unknown but could hold the key to the origin of fagaceous insect communities more generally. The conservation value of remaining Nothofagus forests is enhanced by recognition of their co-adapted fauna, some of which are arranged in stable functional groups likely to give valuable insight into invertebrate-hostplant interactions originating in the Cretaceous. Elucidation of its role in the processes of these unique forests remains a fertile field for endeavour in the future.
JF  - Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
AU  - McQUILLAN, PETER B
AD  - Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
Y1  - 1993/08//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Aug 1993
SP  - 317
EP  - 354
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 United States
VL  - 49
IS  - 4
SN  - 0024-4066, 0024-4066
KW  - Entomology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts
KW  - Benign
KW  - Antarctica
KW  - Forests
KW  - Araneae
KW  - insects
KW  - Y 25150:General/Miscellaneous
KW  - Z 05300:General
KW  - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development
KW  - D 04050:Paleoecology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/888112237?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.atitle=Nothofagus+%28Fagaceae%29+and+its+invertebrate+fauna-an+overview+and+preliminary+synthesis&rft.au=McQUILLAN%2C+PETER+B&rft.aulast=McQUILLAN&rft.aufirst=PETER&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.issn=00244066&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8312.1993.tb00910.x
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2011-09-01
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-10
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forests; insects; Araneae; Antarctica
DO  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00910.x
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Trends in Degrees Conferred by Institutions of Higher Education: 1984-85 through 1990-91. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62894733; ED359888
AB  - Using two large national survey databases, a study was done of trends in degrees conferred by colleges and universities. The data were gathered from: (1) the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) 1986-87 through 1990-91 "Completions" surveys, and the 1990 and 1991 "Consolidated" surveys; and (2) the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) 1984-85 survey of "Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred in Institutions of Higher Education." These surveys collected information on degrees conferred by level of award (associate's, bachelor's, master's, doctor's, first-professional; race, ethnicity, and sex of recipients; and major field of study. The results are displayed in eight tables. Highlights of the study include the following: (1) the number of all degrees awarded in 1990-91 increased by 2.7 percent over the previous year with the greatest increase occurring among Hispanics; (2) degrees awarded to women accounted for 54 percent of the total degrees in 1990-91; (3) computer and information sciences, engineering and related technologies, and theology were the only fields experiencing a decline in bachelor's degrees awarded; and (4) over the 6-year span of the study the number of master's and doctor's degrees had the largest overall percentage increases. Appendixes contain a crosswalk for selected fields and four additional tables. (JB)
AU  - Morgan, Frank
Y1  - 1993/08//
PY  - 1993
DA  - August 1993
SP  - 67
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418860
KW  - Higher Education General Information Survey
KW  - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Masters Degrees
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Majors (Students)
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Associate Degrees
KW  - Degrees (Academic)
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Bachelors Degrees
KW  - Sex Differences
KW  - Professional Education
KW  - Doctoral Degrees
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62894733?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Teachers in the Job Market, 1991 Update. Contractor Report. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62888664; ED360313
AB  - This report on the supply of newly qualified teachers (NQTs) is based primarily on data from the Recent College Graduates (RCG) study of 1991. The survey, which was originally designed to provide information on NQTs alone, was expanded to cover graduates in all major fields of study; however, it continues to emphasize graduates qualified to teach at the elementary or secondary school level. It focuses on the number, characteristics, and teaching status of NQTs who were defined as college graduates receiving a bachelor's or master's degree between July 1, 1989, and June 30, 1990; who became eligible or certified to teach during that same period; and who had not been employed as teachers before receiving their degree. The number of NQTs who graduated from the nation's colleges and universities increased from 126,200 in 1986 to 140,500; the number at the master's level decreased by 1,000. Of the NQTs in 1991, 71 percent were female. Among NQTs, about 50 percent had a grade point average of 3.25 or above, compared to 42 percent of other bachelor's degree recipients. Fifty-nine percent of the NQTs had majored in education, about the same as the percentage in 1987 (57 percent). One year after graduation, 91 percent of the NQTs were employed, 73 percent full-time. The average annual salary for NQTs who were employed full time was $19,200 in 1991, compared to $24,200 for other bachelor's degree recipients. Of all NQTs, 85 percent were eligible or certified to teach at the elementary or secondary level. A bibliography of RCG reports and numerous text tables and figures are included. Four appendixes provide tables containing additional data referenced in text, tables with standard errors for data reported in text, technical notes, and definitions of terms and codes used in the report. (LL)
AU  - Gray, Lucinda
Y1  - 1993/08//
PY  - 1993
DA  - August 1993
SP  - 86
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160420237
KW  - New Teachers
KW  - Recent College Graduates Study 1987 (NCES)
KW  - Recent College Graduates Study 1991 (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Education Majors
KW  - Teaching (Occupation)
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Masters Degrees
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Teacher Salaries
KW  - Beginning Teachers
KW  - Teacher Employment
KW  - Teacher Certification
KW  - Bachelors Degrees
KW  - College Graduates
KW  - Graduate Surveys
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62888664?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For 1987 survey report, see ED 324 368.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Can Students Do Mathematical Problem Solving? Results from Constructed-Response Questions in NAEP's 1992 Mathematics Assessment.
AN  - 62810720; ED362539
AB  - In the 1992 mathematics assessment of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), approximately one-third of the questions and about half of the student response time were devoted to questions asking students to construct their own responses. Regular constructed response items required a short answer with a problem solution, while extended constructed response required demonstration of student reasoning. Analysis of student papers shows that most made a conscientious effort to respond, but that performance left much to be desired. On regular constructed response questions, the average percent correct by grade level was 42 percent of grade 4, 53 percent of grade 8, and 40 percent of grade 12. For extended constructed response questions, the average percentages of student producing correct responses were 16 percent at grade 4, 8 percent at grade 8, and 9 percent at grade 12. Results indicate that extended constructed response questions can be successfully used in large-scale assessment and that they do signify student proficiency. The levels of performance on multiple-choice items were higher than for constructed responses. Sixty tables present study findings. A procedural appendix explains study methodology, with an additional seven tables. (SLD)
AU  - Dossey, John A.
Y1  - 1993/08//
PY  - 1993
DA  - August 1993
SP  - 237
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160419212
KW  - Large Scale Programs
KW  - National Assessment of Educational Progress
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Thinking Skills
KW  - Testing Programs
KW  - Grade 12
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Test Use
KW  - Problem Solving
KW  - Grade 8
KW  - Multiple Choice Tests
KW  - Grade 4
KW  - Mathematics Tests
KW  - Test Construction
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Constructed Response
KW  - Test Results
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62810720?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Changes in Undergraduate Student Financial Aid: Fall 1986 to Fall 1989. National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. Statistical Analysis Report. Contractor Report.
AN  - 62808696; ED360902
AB  - This report examines the changes that occurred in college student financial aid between 1986-87 and 1989-90 by comparing students receiving various forms of aid in the fall of 1986 with those receiving aid in the fall of 1989. The data used were derived from the 1987 and 1990 National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS). The overall focus of the report is on changes in the characteristics of undergraduate students who received financial aid and in the amounts they received. In particular the report looks at types of aid, sources of aid, and specific Title IV programs. The final chapter of the report then compares students who were enrolled in the fall and non-fall terms in 1989-90 to determine how they differed in their receipt of financial aid. Highlights of the findings include the following: (1) the proportion of undergraduates who received financial aid declined from 49 percent to 44 percent, and all the decline was in loans; (2) the average amount of financial aid per student increased from $3,132 to $3,797; (3) proportions of undergraduates remained stable across several demographic characteristics; and (4) longer term trends of more women, minorities, and older students enrolling in postsecondary education and receiving aid persisted. Appendixes contain a glossary, technical notes and explanation of methodology, and supplemental tables. (JB)
AU  - Byce, Chuck
AU  - Khazzoom, Aziza
Y1  - 1993/08//
PY  - 1993
DA  - August 1993
SP  - 174
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160419204
KW  - Higher Education Act Title IV
KW  - Pell Grant Program
KW  - Stafford Student Loan Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Community
KW  - Undergraduate Students
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Scholarships
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Demography
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Statistical Analysis
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Trend Analysis
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808696?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Toward a New Science of Instruction.
AN  - 62808643; ED361395
AB  - Research conducted by the National Research Center on Student Learning (NRCSL) is reviewed as it moves toward a new understanding of learning and instruction. Research by the NRCSL into the kind of learning demanded by modern life has been shaped by the understanding, based on earlier research, that knowledge is actively constructed in the mind of the learner, and not just accumulated and stored for use. To engage in the construction of knowledge, learners must eventually attain intellectual independence. A fundamental concern of research at the NRCSL has been the relationship between knowledge and skill in effective learning. The focused and mindful drawing and testing of inferences appear to be powerful skills that may be indispensable to a strong conceptual understanding in school subject matters. This implication is found in the following areas of NRCSL research: (1) building on intuitive understanding of numbers and quantities; (2) linking background knowledge to new knowledge in text comprehension; (3) learning from effective learners in science; and (4) learning about the value of cognitive conflict. Research on teaching is indicating the importance of modeling by the teacher of mindfulness in learning. The outcomes of NRCSL research have the potential to enrich both research and practice, and the success of every school child depends on investigations such as these. (SLD)
AU  - Maloy, Kate
Y1  - 1993/08//
PY  - 1993
DA  - August 1993
SP  - 77
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (Stock No. 065-000-00589-1).
VL  - OR-93-3232
KW  - National Research Center on Student Learning
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Science Education
KW  - Learning
KW  - Instructional Effectiveness
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Theory Practice Relationship
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Reading Comprehension
KW  - Conflict
KW  - Models
KW  - Inferences
KW  - Educational Practices
KW  - Agency Role
KW  - Mathematical Concepts
KW  - Educational Research
KW  - Constructivism (Learning)
KW  - Teaching Methods
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808643?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Science and technology issues in coastal ecotourism
AN  - 1293242021
JF  - Tourism Management
Y1  - 1993/08/01/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Aug 01
SP  - 307
CY  - Guildford, U.K.
PB  - Butterworths
VL  - 14
IS  - 4
SN  - 0261-5177
KW  - Business/Management
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1293242021?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apio&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tourism+Management&rft.atitle=Science+and+technology+issues+in+coastal+ecotourism&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tourism+Management&rft.issn=02615177&rft_id=info:doi/
DB  - Periodicals Index Online
N1  - Last updated - 2013-02-22
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - New Challenges for Head Start. Hearing on Examining Proposed Authorizations for the Head Start Program, and To Examine the Impact of the Head Start Expansion and Improvement Act of 1990, before the Subcommittee on Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62802248; ED364334
AB  - This document provides a transcript of the proceedings of a hearing to discuss issues related to the future of Project Head Start. The document includes the prepared statements and testimony of several United States Senators and child care experts, including Senators Nancy Kassebaum, Edward Kennedy, and Dave Durenberger; Marilyn Thomas, president of Miami Valley Child Development Centers, Inc.; Delores Baynes, former Head Start parent and social services worker; Anne Doerr, Head Start center director; Joseph Mottola, Acting Commissioner of the Administration for Children, Youth, and Families; Edward Zigler, professor of psychology and director of the Yale Bush Center in Child Development and Social Policy; Sarah Greene, chief executive officer of the National Head Start Association; Lisbeth Schorr, director of the Harvard Project on Effective Services; and Curtis Weeden, vice president for corporate contributions at Johnson and Johnson. Topics discussed included improvements needed in Head Start, program quality, program expansion, and the impact of the Head Start Expansion and Improvement Act of 1990. Additional materials include a needs assessment of a business and management training program for Head Start directors, and a report on a management fellows program for Head Start directors, both prepared for the Johnson and Johnson company. (MM)
Y1  - 1993/07/22/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jul 22
SP  - 103
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Catalog No. 552-070-15078-1, $3.75).
SN  - 016041394X
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Head Start Expansion and Improvement Act 1990
KW  - Program Expansion
KW  - Project Head Start
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Low Income Groups
KW  - At Risk Persons
KW  - Program Administration
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Needs Assessment
KW  - Preschool Children
KW  - Child Welfare
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62802248?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Review of Nutrition Research and Education Activities. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Department Operations and Nutrition of the Committee on Agriculture. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62796285; ED367910
AB  - This document records the oral and written testimony given at a Congressional hearing on nutrition research and education as carried out by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Witnesses included officials from the Department, professors and administrators from various university nutrition programs, and medical doctors. Testimony stressed the expanding role that nutrition is playing and should play in the improvement of the health of Americans. More nutrition research was advocated, as well as more use of such research on the local level, such as through the Cooperative Extension Service and training for local medical practitioners. Increasing nutrition knowledge and action by the public could substantially lower health care costs, and testimony supported Department of Agriculture programs such as Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) that aim to prevent low birth weight babies. (KC)
Y1  - 1993/07/15/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jul 15
SP  - 245
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160417414
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Department of Agriculture
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Nutrition Instruction
KW  - Program Implementation
KW  - Research Projects
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Child Health
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Health
KW  - Research
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Nutrition
KW  - Food Standards
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62796285?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-28.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - National Information Infrastructure Act of 1993, Report To Accompany H.R. 1757. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62806940; ED366320
AB  - This report accompanies H.R. 1757, the National Information Infrastructure Act of 1993. The bill, intended to provide for a coordinated federal program to accelerate development and dissemination of applications of high-performance computing and high-speed networking, is favorably reported by the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology with an amendment. The text of the amendment is included. The report is presented in 13 sections: (1) summary, including background and need for legislation, purpose of bill, and budget explanation; (2) committee actions; (3) explanation of committee amendment, including computing and networking applications program provision, network access, applications research, education applications, health care applications, library applications, applications for government information, High-performance Computing and Applications Advisory Committee amendments, and National Research and Education Network (NREN) amendments; (4) sectional analysis of H.R. 1727; (5) committee views on management of applications program, networking technologies, the High-performance Computing and Applications Advisory Committee, and support for training; (6) legislative history; (7) committee oversight findings and recommendation; (8) oversight findings and recommendations by the Committee on Government Operations; (9) Congressional Budget Office cost estimate; (10) impact on inflation; (11) committee recommendation; (12) changes in existing law made by the bill; and (13) correspondence with other committees. (TMK)
Y1  - 1993/07/13/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jul 13
SP  - 52
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - High Performance Computing
KW  - National Information Infrastructure
KW  - National Research and Education Network
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Budgets
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Information Networks
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806940?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Fueling development - energy technologies for developing countries
AN  - 839300954; 1247585
JF  - Energy policy
AU  - Hall, D O
AU  - Hall, D O
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 818
VL  - 21
IS  - 7
SN  - 0301-4215, 0301-4215
KW  - Developing countries
KW  - Technology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839300954?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Energy+policy&rft.atitle=Fueling+development+-+energy+technologies+for+developing+countries&rft.au=Hall%2C+D+O&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=818&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+policy&rft.issn=03014215&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12622; 3480 2958 12092
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Educating Young Children Prenatally Exposed to Drugs and At Risk. Report and Resource Compendium.
AN  - 62891694; ED359682
AB  - This report presents findings of an inquiry into the educational needs of children prenatally exposed to drugs and covers: (1) the extent of the problem, (2) negative effects of prenatal drug exposure on a child's educational potential, (3) typical behaviors and learning deficits of such children, and (4) characteristics of successful early childhood programs for this population. The report also contains profiles of eight programs specifically designed to educate children prenatally exposed to drugs or experiencing psychosocial traumas. Programs are located in the District of Columbia, Los Angeles (California), St. Petersburg (Florida), Tampa (Florida), New York City, Chicago (Illinois) and Palo Alto (California). Highlights of the review of the four study questions include: the number of children prenatally exposed to illicit drugs is increasing; the prevalent use of alcohol and cigarettes poses a greater prenatal threat to a larger number of babies than does any illicit drug; 30-40 percent of prenatally drug exposed children display developmental delays in the absence of effective early intervention; there is no profile of behavior and learning typical of drug-exposed children; educators should focus on identifying and addressing the problem behaviors, not on the causes; and successful programs use developmentally appropriate practice standards and not new instructional methodology especially for drug-exposed children. Recommendations, a list of 32 programmatic or organizational resources, and a glossary complete the report. (Contains approximately 132 references.) (DB)
AU  - Jackson, Shirley A.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 89
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418682
KW  - Fetal Drug Exposure
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Administrators
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Program Effectiveness
KW  - At Risk Persons
KW  - Early Childhood Education
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Behavior Problems
KW  - Learning Problems
KW  - Profiles
KW  - Early Intervention
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
KW  - Incidence
KW  - Prenatal Influences
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Drug Abuse
KW  - Congenital Impairments
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62891694?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Schools and Staffing in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1990-91.
AN  - 62887011; ED360378
AB  - The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) has recently released the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), an integrated survey of public and private schools, school districts, principals, and teachers, conducted every 3 years. This report presents results from the recent SASS. In 1990-91, there were about 80,000 public schools and about 25,000 private schools in the United States, enrolling about 44.8 million students, almost 40.1 million in public schools and 4.7 million in private schools. Seventy-five percent of central city public schools had enrollments that were 20 percent or more minority. In 1990-91, there were 2.9 million teachers in the elementary schools and secondary schools, more than 2.5 million teachers of whom were in public schools. Seventy-three percent of teachers were female and 87 percent were white. Forty-nine percent of all schools had no minority teachers, and 46 percent of all teachers had a degree higher than a Bachelor's of Arts. In the study period, both public and private schools filled almost all of their approved positions, and 10 percent of public schools and 16 percent of private schools provided teacher retraining to fill fields with anticipated shortages. Information about teacher attitudes is also presented. Sixty-seven tables and 39 figures present survey data. Appendix A contains 27 additional tables by school typology. Appendix B contains the standard errors for selected tables. Appendix C presents technical notes. (SLD)
AU  - Choy, Susan P.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 218
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418380
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Principals
KW  - School Districts
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Urban Schools
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Followup Studies
KW  - Profiles
KW  - School Surveys
KW  - Graphs
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Private Schools
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62887011?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reaching the Goals. Goal 5: Adult Literacy and Lifelong Learning.
AN  - 62884559; ED358374
AB  - Goal 5 of the National Education Goals states that by the year 2000 every adult American will be literate and possess knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global economy. An in-depth review of current research and literature on issues related to adult literacy and lifelong learning was conducted. The review focused on the following issues related to literacy and lifelong learning: the school-to-work transition; opportunities for training in the skills needed to adapt to emerging technologies, work methods, and markets; programs to meet the needs of part-time and midcareer students; projected increases in enrollments in college programs; and outcomes of college education related to critical thinking, effective communication, and problem solving. The following are among the major findings of research in these areas: (1) more adults are completing more years of education, and this trend will likely continue into the next century; (2) increasingly, adults are learning at all ages and in settings that vary widely with respect to degree of formality and organization; (3) technological advances are providing adults with more opportunities and options for controlling timing and setting of learning and are enabling postsecondary students to balance their time between work and education; and (4) ever-changing work environments require recurrent education. The literature review also revealed that there is little consensus on the definition of literacy and on what constitutes knowledge for citizenship and curricular areas likely to contribute to good citizenship. (Contains 92 references.) (MN)
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 50
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418690
KW  - National Education Goals 1990
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Lifelong Learning
KW  - Midlife Transitions
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Citizenship Education
KW  - Part Time Students
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Literature Reviews
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - School Business Relationship
KW  - Adult Learning
KW  - Research Needs
KW  - Transitional Programs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - College Programs
KW  - Educational Research
KW  - Education Work Relationship
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62884559?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Prepared by the Goal 5 Work Group.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Goals 2000: Educate America Act. Report from the Committee on Education and Labor, Together with Dissenting and Supplemental Dissenting Views [to Accompany H.R. 1804]. House of Representatives, 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62808481; ED361834
AB  - The Goals 2000: Educate America Act is designed to improve learning and teaching by providing a national framework for education reform. Its goals also are to promote the research, coordination, and changes needed to ensure equitable educational opportunities for all students. The reauthorization of federal education programs and the establishment of a voluntary national system of skill standards and certifications are additional goals of the act. Title I establishes National Education Goals in seven areas: school readiness, school completion, student achievement and citizenship, teacher education and professional development, mathematics and science, adult literacy and lifelong learning, and safe, disciplined, and drug-free schools. Title II establishes a mechanism for building a national consensus for educational improvement, reporting on goals achievement, and monitoring voluntary national content and student-performance standards. The purpose of Title III is to improve the quality of education and opportunity for all students through federal encouragement of state and local programs. Title IV establishes oversight to a national system of standards and certification. Title V covers miscellaneous aspects of the act (definitions and limitations). Title VI establishes a grant program to provide training and information to parents. Also included are background, bill history, and Congressional dissenting opinions. (JPT)
Y1  - 1993/07/01/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jul 01
SP  - 69
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Educational Development
KW  - Educational Objectives
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Federal Government
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808481?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Teacher Supply in the United States: Sources of Newly Hired Teachers in Public and Private Schools. Statistical Analysis Report.
AN  - 62808395; ED361352
AB  - Data for this report are taken from the 1987-88 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), which was designed to measure teacher supply and demand conditions, characteristics of the teacher workforce, and factors related to teacher supply and demand. This analysis used a subsample of the SASS teacher sample consisting of 2,041 newly hired public school teachers and 954 newly hired private school teachers. In the 1987-88 school year, 152,000 teachers were newly hired, 112,000 in public and 40,000 in private schools. Only 27 percent of public and 19 percent of private school teachers were supplied by the pool of "newly minted" college graduates who have traditionally met the nation's demand for new teachers. The primary source for new hires was the reserve pool of former teachers. Reentrants supplied 41 percent of new hires for public schools and 44 percent in private schools. Transfers from other teaching positions supplied 19 percent of public and 23 percent of private new hires. A fourth source of new hires was the delayed entrant, first-year teachers who engaged in other activities after completing their degrees but before entering teaching. Measures of teacher qualifications are needed to distinguish better among teachers of varying quality. Continued reporting of these data will be useful in tracking the relative contribution of each supply source in meeting the demand for newly hired teachers. Ten tables and five figures present survey findings. Technical notes on survey methodology are included, and an appendix contains 10 tables of standard errors. (SLD)
AU  - Rollefson, Mary R.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 54
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-424
KW  - Reemployment
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Public School Teachers
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Beginning Teachers
KW  - College Graduates
KW  - Teacher Recruitment
KW  - Employment Patterns
KW  - Teacher Qualifications
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Private Schools
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62808395?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Adult Literacy and New Technologies: Tools for a Lifetime.
AN  - 62806945; ED361473
AB  - The Office of Technology Assessment reviewed the nation's literacy problem and the current and potential impact of using technologies in adult literacy programs. Data were collected from 2 workshops, 155 contributors and reviewers, 60 existing literacy programs, and 6 contractor reports. The information is summarized in this eight-chapter report. Chapter 1 is a summary and outline of policy issues and options. Chapter 2 examines the changing nature of literacy, the demographics of adult literacy, and the need for literacy education. The special needs of adult learners and the role of technology in meeting them is discussed in Chapter 3. Chapters 4 and 5 describe the existing system of literacy education and the federal role in it. Promising roles for technology in improving literacy education are outlined in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 deals with access/barriers to technology use in existing literacy programs, and Chapter 8 assesses the future role of technology in literacy education. Appendixes include the following: a list of the report's boxes, figures, and tables; information on major federal adult literacy/basic skills programs and key coordination provisions in literacy legislation; a glossary and list of acronyms; and lists of the study's reviewers and contributors. (MN)
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 291
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (stock no. 052-003-01330-4, $16).
VL  - OTA-SET-550
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Coordination
KW  - Government School Relationship
KW  - Access to Education
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Delivery Systems
KW  - Workplace Literacy
KW  - Educational Needs
KW  - Demography
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Educational Technology
KW  - Adult Literacy
KW  - Adult Reading Programs
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Adult Students
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Computer Uses in Education
KW  - Distance Education
KW  - Adult Basic Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Policy Formation
KW  - Educational Policy
KW  - Student Needs
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Literacy Education
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806945?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For related contractor reports, see CE 064 432-438
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Public Elementary and Secondary State Aggregate Data, by State for School Years 1991-92 and 1990-91. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62806037; ED361351
AB  - This report presents non-fiscal information on public elementary and secondary schools for the 1991-92 school year and finance data for the 1990-91 school year (fiscal year 1991). Statistics are based on data from two of the four surveys of the Common Core of Data program of the National Center for Education Statistics. In comparing findings of the State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education and the National Public Education Financial Survey with those of previous years, several findings stand out. There were 42.0 million students in public schools in 1991-92, an increase of 1.9 percent over the previous year's total. The 2.2 million high school graduates for 1990-91 represent a decrease from 1989-90, although the ratio of graduates to 12th-grade enrollment increased slightly. Of the 4.5 million school staff reported for 1991-92, 53.5 percent were teachers and 410,000 were teacher aides. The national ratio of total students to total teachers in 1991-92 was 17.3 students per teacher, a slight increase over the previous year. Total reported revenues for public elementary and secondary education were 222.8 billion dollars for 1990-91, compared with 207.7 billion dollars for 1989-90. Expenditures averaged 4,890 dollars per pupil in membership. Data are presented in 14 tables, with 14 tables of state aggregate data, revised final tabulations, in Appendix A and the survey forms in Appendix B. (SLD)
AU  - Johnson, Frank H.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 74
PB  - U.S. <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418763
KW  - Aggregation (Data)
KW  - Common Core of Data Program
KW  - National Center for Education Statistics
KW  - National Public Education Financial Survey
KW  - State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elem Sec Educ
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - High School Graduates
KW  - Expenditure per Student
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Income
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Teacher Student Ratio
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Tables (Data)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62806037?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the previous report in this series, see ED 347
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Prospects: The Congressionally Mandated Study of Educational Growth and Opportunity. The Interim Report.
AN  - 62803604; ED361466
AB  - This publication is the first interim report from the Congressionally Mandated Study of Educational Growth and Opportunity (Prospects), and describes students' characteristics and the schools they attend. Prospects is designed to evaluate the short- and long-term consequences of Chapter 1 program participation by following for 5 years large national samples of public school children in three grade cohorts along with their parents, teachers, and principals. Part 1 focuses on students attending schools with high concentrations of poor children. Part 2 focuses on the characteristics of children who receive Chapter 1 services or other state or local compensatory education services. Part 3 describes students' educational environment by looking at the characteristics of the schools, the teachers who work there and their approaches to classroom instruction, the types of programs that were offered, and access to instructional materials. Part 4 includes a description of limited-English proficient students and the types of compensatory services they receive. Appendixes contain information on features of the overall research design, measurement approaches and survey instruments, information on test selection, and a list of work group members and consultants. (JB)
AU  - Puma, Michael J.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 417
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, DC 20402.
VL  - ED/OPP-93-29
KW  - Education Consolidation Improvement Act Chapter 1
KW  - Study of Educational Growth and Opportunity
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - Elementary School Students
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Research Projects
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Secondary School Students
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Economically Disadvantaged
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Educationally Disadvantaged
KW  - Compensatory Education
KW  - Limited English Speaking
KW  - Graphs
KW  - Tables (Data)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62803604?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Cuba: handbook of trade statistics (U)
T2  - ALA 93-10010 PB93-927901/LL
AN  - 59636630; 1993-1104866
AB  - 1985-92.
JF  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, July 1993. vii+65 pp.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
EP  - vii+65
PB  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540
KW  - Export-import trade -- Cuba -- Statistics
KW  - Cuba -- Commerce -- Statistics
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59636630?accountid=14244
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service spiral bdg $19.50
N1  - Document feature - table(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - BOOK
T1  - Kazakhstan: an economic profile
T2  - PB93928109/LL
AN  - 59636394; 1993-1109210
AB  - Economic reform, living standards, and social indicators, chiefly.
JF  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, July 1993. vi+36 pp.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
EP  - vi+36
PB  - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540
KW  - Kazakhstan -- Economic conditions
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LA  - English
DB  - PAIS Index
N1  - Date revised - 2006-09-28
N1  - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service U.S. $17.50; elsewhere $35
N1  - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s)
N1  - Last updated - 2016-09-28
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sustainable development; end of the American dream?
AN  - 50330898; 1993-027477
JF  - Geotimes
AU  - Paty, Alma Hale
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - July 1993
SP  - 6
PB  - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA
VL  - 38
IS  - 7
SN  - 0016-8556, 0016-8556
KW  - resources
KW  - reserves
KW  - conservation
KW  - policy
KW  - economics
KW  - concepts
KW  - mineral resources
KW  - 26B:Economic geology, general, economics
KW  - 22:Environmental geology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50330898?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Sustainable+development%3B+end+of+the+American+dream%3F&rft.au=Paty%2C+Alma+Hale&rft.aulast=Paty&rft.aufirst=Alma&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute.
N1  - Date revised - 1993-01-01
N1  - PubXState - VA
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - CODEN - GEOTAJ
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concepts; conservation; economics; mineral resources; policy; reserves; resources
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Space resources. Five volumes
AN  - 38493854; 1317016
JF  - Behavioral science
AU  - McKay, M F
AU  - McKay, D S
AU  - Duke, M S
AU  - Shneour, Elie A
AU  - Shneour, Elie A
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 231
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office
VL  - 38
IS  - 3
SN  - 0005-7940, 0005-7940
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38493854?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+science&rft.atitle=Space+resources.+Five+volumes&rft.au=McKay%2C+M+F%3BMcKay%2C+D+S%3BDuke%2C+M+S%3BShneour%2C+Elie+A&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=0160380626&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+science&rft.issn=00057940&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Joint report of the task force to investigate certain allegations concerning the holding of American hostages by Iran in 1980, Lee H.Hamilton, Chairman Henry J.Hyde, ranking Republican member, United States House of Representatives
AN  - 38404943; 1262155
JF  - Middle East journal
AU  - Stork, Joe
AU  - Stork, Joe
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 509
PB  - US Government Printing Office
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
SN  - 0026-3141, 0026-3141
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Iran
KW  - Hostages
KW  - U.S.A.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38404943?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+journal&rft.atitle=Joint+report+of+the+task+force+to+investigate+certain+allegations+concerning+the+holding+of+American+hostages+by+Iran+in+1980%2C+Lee+H.Hamilton%2C+Chairman+Henry+J.Hyde%2C+ranking+Republican+member%2C+United+States+House+of+Representatives&rft.au=Stork%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Stork&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+journal&rft.issn=00263141&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6018 6017 9634; 181 254; 433 293 14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - The "October surprise" allegations and the circumstances surrounding the release of the American hostages held in Iran - report of the special counsel to Senator Terry Sanford and Senator James M. Jeffords of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate
AN  - 38402380; 1262154
JF  - Middle East journal
AU  - Stork, Joe
AU  - Stork, Joe
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 509
PB  - US Government Printing Office
VL  - 47
IS  - 3
SN  - 0026-3141, 0026-3141
KW  - Political Science
KW  - Iran
KW  - Hostages
KW  - U.S.A.
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38402380?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+journal&rft.atitle=The+%22October+surprise%22+allegations+and+the+circumstances+surrounding+the+release+of+the+American+hostages+held+in+Iran+-+report+of+the+special+counsel+to+Senator+Terry+Sanford+and+Senator+James+M.+Jeffords+of+the+Committee+on+Foreign+Relations%2C+United+States+Senate&rft.au=Stork%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Stork&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Middle+East+journal&rft.issn=00263141&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)
N1  - Date revised - 2013-06-12
N1  - Last updated - 2013-09-16
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6018 6017 9634; 181 254; 433 293 14
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Overview: Conference on Occupational and Environmental Reproductive Hazards
AN  - 21262775; 11701219
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Paul, Maureen E
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 171
EP  - 174
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts
KW  - Hazards
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Environmental health
KW  - Reproduction
KW  - Public health
KW  - Occupational health
KW  - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health
KW  - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Overview%3A+Conference+on+Occupational+and+Environmental+Reproductive+Hazards&rft.au=Paul%2C+Maureen+E&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=Maureen&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hazards; Conferences; Environmental health; Reproduction; Occupational health; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transformation of BALB/c-3T3 cells: III. Development of a co-culture clonal survival assay for quantification of chemical cytotoxicity in high-density cell cultures.
AN  - 21259622; 11701520
AB  - A co-culture clonal survival assay was developed to measure the cytotoxicity of test chemical treatments to BALB/c-3T3 cells because the standard clonal survival assay using 200 wild type (WT) cells frequently overestimates chemical cytotoxicity when compared with identical treatment doses in high-density cultures. The assay used co-cultures of 3.2 x 10(4) WT cells, the same seeding density used in the transformation assay, and 200 ouabain resistant (OUAr) cells. After a 48-hr test chemical treatment, co-cultured cells were fed with culture medium containing 4 mM ouabain. The test chemical was cytotoxic to an equal percentage of WT and OUAr cells. Ouabain treatments killed the remaining WT cells. Thus, OUAr cells surviving the test chemical treatment measured the relative cloning efficiency (RCE) of all treated cells in the high-density cell co-culture. The co-culture assay succeeded because metabolic cooperation at the OUAr locus was not detected in BALB/c-3T3 cells. Five chemicals induced comparable cytotoxic responses in both assays, including actinomycin D, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, N'-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine, dimethyl sulfoxide and sodium chloride. In contrast, chemical cytotoxic responses detected in the standard and co-culture assays differed by > or = 10-fold for 11-aminoundecanoic acid, benzo[a]pyrene, cytosine arabinoside, and 3-methyl-cholanthrene and differed by > 2-fold for 2-acetylaminofluorene and dimethylnitrosamine. Detection of 11-aminoundecanoic acid-induced transformation was shown to be dependent on selecting treatment doses from the co-culture assay data. Thus, this method permits more accurate assessment of both chemical-induced cytotoxicity and transformation.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Matthews, E J
AD  - Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC 20204.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 311
EP  - 318
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Bromodeoxyuridine
KW  - Cell survival
KW  - Transformation
KW  - Data processing
KW  - Cloning
KW  - Assays
KW  - Chemical treatment
KW  - Cell culture
KW  - Efficiency
KW  - seeding
KW  - Cytotoxicity
KW  - Dactinomycin
KW  - Dimethylnitrosamine
KW  - Dimethyl sulfoxide
KW  - cytosine arabinoside
KW  - Ouabain
KW  - Benzo(a)pyrene
KW  - survival
KW  - Sodium chloride
KW  - W 30945:Fermentation & Cell Culture
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259622?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+BALB%2Fc-3T3+cells%3A+III.+Development+of+a+co-culture+clonal+survival+assay+for+quantification+of+chemical+cytotoxicity+in+high-density+cell+cultures.&rft.au=Matthews%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=311&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Transformation; Cell survival; Bromodeoxyuridine; Data processing; Cell culture; Cytotoxicity; Dactinomycin; Dimethyl sulfoxide; Dimethylnitrosamine; Ouabain; cytosine arabinoside; Benzo(a)pyrene; Sodium chloride; seeding; Efficiency; Cloning; Assays; Chemical treatment; survival
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evidence for increasing incidence of abnormalities of the human testis: a review.
AN  - 21251592; 11701521
AB  - Recent reports have suggested that the incidence of genitourinary abnormalities in human males has increased during the past 50 years, including congenital abnormalities such as cryptorchidism and hypospadia, which seem to be occurring more commonly. Also, the incidence of testicular cancer has increased 3- to 4-fold since the 1940s. This increase seems to be worldwide including countries with a very high frequency of testicular neoplasia as well as those in which this cancer is rather uncommon. It has also been postulated that semen quality has been decreasing for the last half century. A recent study showed that the average sperm density has decreased significantly from 113 million/mL in 1940 to 66 million/mL in 1990. The mean seminal volume has also declined, indicating that the decrease in the total sperm count is even more pronounced than the fall in sperm density would indicate. The remarkable increase in frequency of testicular abnormalities over a relatively short period of time may be due to environmental rather than genetic factors. There is an epidemiological link between the occurrence of different testicular abnormalities. Therefore, common prenatally acting etiological factors with adverse effects on the fetal male gonad might be suspected. However, postnatal influences may also have a deleterious effect on male fertility. From the reproductive point of view, an increased impact on the human male gonad is of concern.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Giwercman, A
AU  - Carlsen, E
AU  - Keiding, N
AU  - Skakkebaek, N E
AD  - University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 65
EP  - 71
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Fertility
KW  - gonads
KW  - Reviews
KW  - Cancer
KW  - Side effects
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+increasing+incidence+of+abnormalities+of+the+human+testis%3A+a+review.&rft.au=Giwercman%2C+A%3BCarlsen%2C+E%3BKeiding%2C+N%3BSkakkebaek%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Giwercman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertility; gonads; Reviews; Side effects; Cancer
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Protecting reproductive health and the environment: toxics use reduction.
AN  - 21251279; 11704877
AB  - Toxics use reduction is a new chemical hazard management approach that has emerged in several state laws over the past years. While toxics use reduction has been promoted as a means of preventing environmental pollution, little thought has been given to its adoption as a means of managing reproductive hazards. This paper provides illustrations of use reduction approaches to conventionally recognized reproductive and developmental toxicants. These approaches will require the opening of a new dialogue between industrial designers and process managers and those most concerned about reproductive health. Several different strategies are proposed that might be adopted into state programs for promoting reduction in the use of reproductive and developmental toxicants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Geiser, K
AD  - Toxics Use Reduction Institute, University of Massachusetts, Lowell 01854.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 221
EP  - 225
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts
KW  - Toxicants
KW  - State programs
KW  - Adoption
KW  - Pollution
KW  - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals
KW  - ENA 07:General
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L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Protecting+reproductive+health+and+the+environment%3A+toxics+use+reduction.&rft.au=Geiser%2C+K&rft.aulast=Geiser&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicants; Adoption; Pollution; State programs
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of the environment on reproductive health: executive summary.
AN  - 21251258; 11701522
AB  - The papers presented at the workshop on the "Impact of the Environment on Reproductive Health" are published in this issue of the EHP Supplements. After the formal presentation of the papers, the authors and scientists met to discuss the important aspects of environmental issues affecting human reproductive health. This Executive Summary was compiled by the organizers and editors of the workshop and the proceedings.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Michal, F
AU  - Grigor, K M
AU  - Negro-Vilar, A
AU  - Skakkebaek, N E
AD  - Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 159
EP  - 167
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA
VL  - 101
IS  - Suppl 2
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - Conferences
KW  - Public health
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251258?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+environment+on+reproductive+health%3A+executive+summary.&rft.au=Michal%2C+F%3BGrigor%2C+K+M%3BNegro-Vilar%2C+A%3BSkakkebaek%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Michal&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2010-01-01
N1  - Last updated - 2015-03-31
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Conferences; Public health
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Trial of Contreras and Espinoza in Chile [Copyrighted Material Removed]
AN  - 1679125392; CL02773
AB  - Forwards article on trial of Manuel Contreras and Pedro Espinoza for their role in Orlando Letelier's assassination, noting Contreras' attorney's contention that Letelier was killed in plot conceived by Central Intelligence Agency, Cuban nationalists in Dominican Republic, and Venezuelan president Pérez.
AU  - <span class="hit">United</span> <span class="hit">States</span>. <span class="hit">Congress</span>. Senate. Staff
AD  - United States. Congress. Senate. Staff
PY  - 1993
SP  - 1
KW  - Kennedy, Edward M. ("Ted")
KW  - Assassination
KW  - Cuba
KW  - Dominican Republic
KW  - Judicial proceedings
KW  - Lawyers
KW  - Letelier, Orlando Assassination Investigations (1976-2006)
KW  - News media
KW  - Venezuela
KW  - Washington Post
KW  - Pérez, Carlos Andrés
KW  - Moffitt, Ronni Karpen
KW  - Contreras Sepúlveda, Juan Manuel
KW  - Espinoza Bravo, Pedro Octavio
KW  - Letelier, Orlando
KW  - Pérez, Carlos Andrés
KW  - Moffitt, Ronni Karpen
KW  - Contreras Sepúlveda, Juan Manuel
KW  - Espinoza Bravo, Pedro Octavio
KW  - Letelier, Orlando
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679125392?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_cl&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Trial+of+Contreras+and+Espinoza+in+Chile+%5BCopyrighted+Material+Removed%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Staff&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Staff&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - Digital National Security Archive
N1  - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency
N1  - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Memorandum
N1  - People - Contreras Sepúlveda, Juan Manuel; Espinoza Bravo, Pedro Octavio; Letelier, Orlando; Moffitt, Ronni Karpen; Pérez, Carlos Andrés
N1  - Last updated - 2015-06-16
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Radiation on the Human Reproductive System
AN  - 14335938; 10477323
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ogilvy-Stuart, Amanda L
AU  - Shalet, Stephen M
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 109
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SEX COMPARISONS
KW  - TESTIS
KW  - HORMONES
KW  - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - FERTILITY
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DAMAGE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14335938?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Radiation+on+the+Human+Reproductive+System&rft.au=Ogilvy-Stuart%2C+Amanda+L%3BShalet%2C+Stephen+M&rft.aulast=Ogilvy-Stuart&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; FERTILITY; RADIATION, ATOMIC, DAMAGE; TESTIS; HORMONES
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transformation of BALB/c-3T3 Cells: V. Transformation Responses of 168 Chemicals Compared with Mutagenicity in Salmonella and Carcinogenicity in Rodent Bioassays
AN  - 14332052; 10477334
AB  - The ability of 168 compounds to induce transformation in BALB/c-3T3 cell cultures was investigated and compared to results of carcinogenicity studies in rodents and mutagenicity studies in Salmonella. Mutagenicity was demonstrated by 49 and 24 of the 84 carcinogenic and 77 noncarcinogenic compounds, respectively. Seven chemicals were research compounds. Neither the transformation assay or the Salmonella assay could distinguish carcinogenicity among mutagenic compounds. For mutagenic compounds, the transformation assay was capable of distinguishing noncarcinogens from carcinogens, detecting 70 and 94, respectively. Concordance between the transformation and Salmonella assays was better than that between Salmonella and rodent assays. Combined results from the transformation and Salmonella assays demonstrated carcinogen sensitivity and nonmutagenic noncarcinogenic specificities of 83 and 75%, respectively. Appendices present a classified list with complete descriptions of the activity of each chemical, and results in table format.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Matthews, Edwin J
AU  - Spalding, Judson W
AU  - Tennant, Raymond W
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 347
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - DATA, CHEMICAL
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - SALMONELLA
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332052?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+BALB%2Fc-3T3+Cells%3A+V.+Transformation+Responses+of+168+Chemicals+Compared+with+Mutagenicity+in+Salmonella+and+Carcinogenicity+in+Rodent+Bioassays&rft.au=Matthews%2C+Edwin+J%3BSpalding%2C+Judson+W%3BTennant%2C+Raymond+W&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 24 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DATA, CHEMICAL; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; BIOASSAY; SALMONELLA; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Stress and Other Environmental Factors Affecting Fertility in Men and Women: Overview
AN  - 14332001; 10477320
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Negro-Vilar, Andres
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 59
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - FERTILITY
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - NUTRITION
KW  - HEALTH, ENV
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14332001?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Stress+and+Other+Environmental+Factors+Affecting+Fertility+in+Men+and+Women%3A+Overview&rft.au=Negro-Vilar%2C+Andres&rft.aulast=Negro-Vilar&rft.aufirst=Andres&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; FERTILITY; NUTRITION; HEALTH, ENV
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of the Environment on Reproduction from Conception to Parturition
AN  - 14331954; 10477313
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Sullivan, Frank M
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 13
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - BACTERIA
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - CIGARETTE SMOKE
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331954?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+Environment+on+Reproduction+from+Conception+to+Parturition&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+Frank+M&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 19 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; BACTERIA; CHEMICALS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; PREGNANCY; CIGARETTE SMOKE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transformation of BALB/c-3T3 Cells: IV. Rank-Ordered Potency of 24 Chemical Responses Detected in a Sensitive New Assay Procedure
AN  - 14331370; 10477333
AB  - Improvements to standard assay methods were used to determine the ability of 24 compounds in inducing transformations in BALB/c-3T3 cell cultures. Half of the chemicals showed clear evidence of transformation induction at two dose levels, and without exogenous activation. These were: barium chloride, magnesium sulfate, aphidicolin, diphenylnitrosamine, mezerein, 2,6-xylidine, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, trans-cinnamaldehyde, C.I. direct blue 15, riddelliine, 2-mercaptobenzamidizole, and cytosine arabinoside. Diphenylnitrosamine and mezerein were least and most active, respectively. Equivocal activity, indeterminate activity, and inactivity were demonstrated by two, one, and nine compounds, respectively.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Matthews, Edwin J
AU  - Spalding, Judson W
AU  - Tennant, Raymond W
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 319
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - SENSITIVITY
KW  - CHEMICALS
KW  - BIOASSAY
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331370?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+BALB%2Fc-3T3+Cells%3A+IV.+Rank-Ordered+Potency+of+24+Chemical+Responses+Detected+in+a+Sensitive+New+Assay+Procedure&rft.au=Matthews%2C+Edwin+J%3BSpalding%2C+Judson+W%3BTennant%2C+Raymond+W&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GENETICS; SENSITIVITY; CHEMICALS; BIOASSAY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Factors Influencing Growth and Pubertal Development
AN  - 14331308; 10477317
AB  - Several factors influence human growth and development. Prenatal influences include nutritional status of the mother, as well as her age; exposure to chemicals including drugs, tobacco, and alcohol; number of pregnancies; and physical surroundings including altitude and climate. Postnatal growth and onset of puberty are influenced by several factors including heredity, socioeconomic and nutritional status, stress, disease, and amount of physical activity. It is known that in developed countries, children in higher socioeconomic groups are taller and mature faster. In these regions, urbanization has a positive effect on final growth attainment, but the reverse is true of developing countries with urban slums.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Delemarre-van de Waal, Henriette A
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 39
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SOCIOECONOMICS
KW  - URBANRURAL COMPARISONS
KW  - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - DEVELOPING NATIONS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331308?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Factors+Influencing+Growth+and+Pubertal+Development&rft.au=Delemarre-van+de+Waal%2C+Henriette+A&rft.aulast=Delemarre-van+de+Waal&rft.aufirst=Henriette&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SOCIOECONOMICS; URBANRURAL COMPARISONS; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; PREGNANCY; DEVELOPING NATIONS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transplacental Transfer of Genotoxins and Transplacental Carcinogenesis
AN  - 14331247; 10477316
AB  - Transmission of carcinogens and genotoxins through the placenta occurs in both animal and humans. Exposure to toxic chemicals in early pregnancy usually leads to teratogenic effects; late exposure results in either direct carcinogenesis or in tumorigenesis after postnatal exposure to a promoter. Most research has been done on maternal and cord blood. Offspring of women involved in dentistry or medicine have a higher risk of childhood cancer. The role of paternal exposure is in question, although childhood cancer rates are higher among the offspring of men employed in heavy industry. Cord blood studies have demonstrated the presence of potential carcinogenic and genotoxic agents including pesticide metabolites, PCBs, and aflatoxin and its metabolites.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Autrup, Herman
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 33
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - CANCER RISK
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - AFLATOXINS
KW  - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL
KW  - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN
KW  - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS
KW  - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14331247?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transplacental+Transfer+of+Genotoxins+and+Transplacental+Carcinogenesis&rft.au=Autrup%2C+Herman&rft.aulast=Autrup&rft.aufirst=Herman&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; PREGNANCY; AFLATOXINS; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Release of Chemicals and Reproductive Ecology
AN  - 14330851; 10477325
AB  - The adverse effects of hazardous compound exposure incidents on pregnancy outcomes is reviewed. Methyl mercury exposure during pregnancy is known to cause Minamata disease in offspring. Exposure to PCBs from maternal ingestion of contaminated cooking oil has affected offspring with skin discoloration, growth retardation, lung abnormalities and developmental delays. Prenatal exposure to methyl isocyanate during the 1984 Bhopal, India, contamination incident quadrupled spontaneous abortion among women up to 20 weeks pregnant, compared with residents of an unaffected region. Mortality among neonates was also higher. An international registry for monitoring environmental risks to pregnancy and reproductive health is recommended. Technology transfer from developed to developing countries will be necessary for providing immediate and long-term responses to environmental risks.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bajaj, J S
AU  - Misra, A
AU  - Rajalakshmi, M
AU  - Madan, R
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 125
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - METHYL ISOCYANATE
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - METHYLMERCURY
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS
KW  - MINAMATA DISEASE
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14330851?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Release+of+Chemicals+and+Reproductive+Ecology&rft.au=Bajaj%2C+J+S%3BMisra%2C+A%3BRajalakshmi%2C+M%3BMadan%2C+R&rft.aulast=Bajaj&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; METHYL ISOCYANATE; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; METHYLMERCURY; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; PREGNANCY; MINAMATA DISEASE
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Female Reproductive Function in Areas Affected by Radiation After the Chernobyl Power Station Accident
AN  - 14330773; 10477324
AB  - The effects of the 1986 nuclear accident at Chernobyl on women and their children were studied. Nearly 700 women who were pregnant at the time of the accident lived in two nearby areas and were exposed to up to 10 bar were followed with their children. Surveys of 7000 pregnancies that included the period 3 yr prior to and 5 yr after the accident were made. An increase in thyroid disorders, anemia, hypertension, and pregnancy complications was noted among the exposed women. The health of offspring was also affected by exposure. Although birth weight was unaffected, Apgar scores declined, perinatal and neonatal mortality increased, and neurological, somatic, and hematological disorders increased among children
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kulakov, VI
AU  - Sokur, T N
AU  - Volobuev, AI
AU  - Tzibulskaya, I S
AU  - Malisheva, V A
AU  - Zikin, B I
AU  - Ezova, L C
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 117
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SEX COMPARISONS
KW  - RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - CHERNOBYL
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN
KW  - DEMOGRAPHY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14330773?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Female+Reproductive+Function+in+Areas+Affected+by+Radiation+After+the+Chernobyl+Power+Station+Accident&rft.au=Kulakov%2C+VI%3BSokur%2C+T+N%3BVolobuev%2C+AI%3BTzibulskaya%2C+I+S%3BMalisheva%2C+V+A%3BZikin%2C+B+I%3BEzova%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Kulakov&rft.aufirst=VI&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 10 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; DEMOGRAPHY; PREGNANCY; CHERNOBYL
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Transformation of BALB/c-3T3 Cells. II. Investigation of Experimental Parameters that Influence Detection of Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Transformation
AN  - 14329187; 10477331
AB  - Cell cultures of BALB/c-3T3 cells were exposed to two concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene and studied for generation of spontaneous transformations. The compound was studied as a model for transformation induction by other chemicals. The transformation response was significant and was inversely related to the cytotoxicity of the dose, demonstrating the likelihood of mutagenic action. Response variability was attributed to ampule of cryopreserved cells and to the lot of fetal bovine serum. If the experiments showed a low level of transformation, a benzo[a]pyrene detection was impaired. Detection ability was normal when transformation levels were high. Results should be expressed as foci/vessel instead of foci/surviving cells.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Matthews, Edwin J
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 293
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - GENETICS
KW  - BENZO-A-PYRENE
KW  - MUTAGENIC AGENTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14329187?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+BALB%2Fc-3T3+Cells.+II.+Investigation+of+Experimental+Parameters+that+Influence+Detection+of+Benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene-Induced+Transformation&rft.au=Matthews%2C+Edwin+J&rft.aulast=Matthews&rft.aufirst=Edwin&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 6 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GENETICS; BENZO-A-PYRENE; MUTAGENIC AGENTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Environmental Pollutants in Relation to Complications of Pregnancy
AN  - 14329129; 10477315
AB  - Exposure to high levels of aromatic hydrocarbons and lead during pregnancy was associated with complications in more than 300 women. Women who lived near petrochemical plants and had high levels of solvent metabolites in blood or urine were more likely to experience pregnancy complications than those with normal levels. Complications associated with styrene or other aromatic hydrocarbon exposure included toxemia and kidney abnormalities. Subjects living near a Pb smelter demonstrated higher blood Pb levels and a tendency to exhibit the complications of threatened abortion, anemia and toxemia. Pregnancy complications arose at environmental exposure levels that were lower than those that produced spontaneous abortion or prematurity.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Tabacova, Sonia
AU  - Balabaeva, Liudmila
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 27
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - LEAD SMELTING
KW  - SOLVENTS
KW  - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL
KW  - AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14329129?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Pollutants+in+Relation+to+Complications+of+Pregnancy&rft.au=Tabacova%2C+Sonia%3BBalabaeva%2C+Liudmila&rft.aulast=Tabacova&rft.aufirst=Sonia&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 7 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SOLVENTS; LEAD SMELTING; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; PREGNANCY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effects of Environmental Factors on Perinatal Outcome: Neurological Development in Cases of Intrauterine Growth Retardation and School Performance of Children Perinatally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation
AN  - 14328899; 10477319
AB  - The neurological development of children who had been exposed to ionizing radiation or suffered from growth retardation during gestation was investigated in two studies. A study of early school performance of more than 900 children exposed to radiation from the 1945 atomic bomb at Hiroshima, showed that the most severely affected were exposed at between eight and 15 weeks of gestation. The next most severely affected group was exposed at between 16 and 25 weeks of gestation. Survivors of intrauterine growth retardation were more severely mentally impaired if the growth arrest occurred prior to 28 weeks of gestation. Head circumference was decreased in the most severely impaired, indicating a possible influence on brain development from maternal exposure to neurotoxicants.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Ikenoue, Tsuyomu
AU  - Ikeda, Tomoaki
AU  - Ibara, Satoshi
AU  - Otake, Masanori
AU  - Schull, William J
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 53
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - NEUROTOXICITY
KW  - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DAMAGE
KW  - BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14328899?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Environmental+Factors+on+Perinatal+Outcome%3A+Neurological+Development+in+Cases+of+Intrauterine+Growth+Retardation+and+School+Performance+of+Children+Perinatally+Exposed+to+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Ikenoue%2C+Tsuyomu%3BIkeda%2C+Tomoaki%3BIbara%2C+Satoshi%3BOtake%2C+Masanori%3BSchull%2C+William+J&rft.aulast=Ikenoue&rft.aufirst=Tsuyomu&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NEUROTOXICITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; PREGNANCY; RADIATION, ATOMIC, DAMAGE; BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Approaches to Evaluating Reproductive Hazards and Risks
AN  - 14325209; 10477326
AB  - An overview of standard test methods for assessing reproductive toxicity is presented. Several quantitative parameters for assessing risk are described, including no-observed-adverse-effect level, reference dose or concentration, and benchmark dose. Future research should focus on determining critical periods and testing for systems in addition to the central nervous system, for which some research has been completed. Animal model studies comparing one and two generation tests demonstrate the desirability of retaining the two generation system. Exposure prior to fertilization and continuing in offspring through two generations is recommended.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Kimmel, Carole A
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 137
PB  - US <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RISK ASSESSMENT
KW  - DOSIMETRY
KW  - NEUROTOXICITY
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - PREGNANCY
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14325209?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Approaches+to+Evaluating+Reproductive+Hazards+and+Risks&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+Carole+A&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=Carole&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DOSIMETRY; NEUROTOXICITY; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; PREGNANCY
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Enhancement of the Pneumotoxic Effect of Cadmium Acetate by Ionizing Radiation in the Rat
AN  - 14325012; 10477329
AB  - Rats were given intratracheal doses of 0.5 mg cadmium/kg body weight or a single dose of 4 gray of gamma radiation to the whole body or both. Several parameters of pneumotoxicity were changed by exposure to Cd, including increases in lactate dehydrogenase, and acid and alkaline phosphatases. In fluid from bronchoalveolar lavage, neutrophil percentage and protein content were increased, but macrophage percentage was decreased. Synergistic effects were found for the combined treatment for the enzyme activities, and for bronchoalveolar lavage protein levels. Exposure to radiation alone did not alter any of the parameters.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Salovsky, Pencho
AU  - Shopova, Veneta
AU  - Dancheva, Violeta
AU  - Marev, Rusi
AU  - Pandurska, Antonaneta
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 269
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES
KW  - ENZYME ACTIVITY
KW  - PULMONARY EFFECTS
KW  - CADMIUM
KW  - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14325012?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Enhancement+of+the+Pneumotoxic+Effect+of+Cadmium+Acetate+by+Ionizing+Radiation+in+the+Rat&rft.au=Salovsky%2C+Pencho%3BShopova%2C+Veneta%3BDancheva%2C+Violeta%3BMarev%2C+Rusi%3BPandurska%2C+Antonaneta&rft.aulast=Salovsky&rft.aufirst=Pencho&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES; ENZYME ACTIVITY; PULMONARY EFFECTS; CADMIUM; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact of Environment, Stress, Occupational, and Other Hazards on Sexuality and Sexual Behavior
AN  - 14324931; 10477322
AB  - Psychosomatic interactions are important factors in human sexual behavior, making assessment of environmental effects on sexuality difficult. Environmental agents could affect the psychophysiological or endocrine function in ways that adversely affect sexual health. Environmental agents include exposure to toxic agents such as chemicals or radiation; drug, alcohol, and nicotine use; diet; and situational factors, such as overcrowding, stress, and cultural variations. For most factors, adverse effects on sexual health are anecdotal, and future research should explore these areas in well controlled studies. Research on the effects of work schedules is suggested.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Bancroft, John
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 101
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS
KW  - ALCOHOLS
KW  - TOBACCO
KW  - SOCIOECONOMICS
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - NUTRITION
KW  - HEALTH, ENV
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14324931?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Impact+of+Environment%2C+Stress%2C+Occupational%2C+and+Other+Hazards+on+Sexuality+and+Sexual+Behavior&rft.au=Bancroft%2C+John&rft.aulast=Bancroft&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 35 |t References
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - TOBACCO; PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS; SOCIOECONOMICS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; NUTRITION; ALCOHOLS; HEALTH, ENV
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Critical Review of Studies of the Association Between Demands for Hospital Services and Air Pollution
AN  - 14323800; 10477328
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Lipfert, Frederick W
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 229
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS
KW  - AIR POLLUTION INCIDENTS
KW  - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KW  - HEALTH, ENV
KW  - LITERATURE SURVEYS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323800?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Critical+Review+of+Studies+of+the+Association+Between+Demands+for+Hospital+Services+and+Air+Pollution&rft.au=Lipfert%2C+Frederick+W&rft.aulast=Lipfert&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 28 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; AIR POLLUTION INCIDENTS; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; HEALTH, ENV; LITERATURE SURVEYS
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Nurturing and Breast-Feeding: Exposure to Chemicals in Breast Milk
AN  - 14323703; 10477318
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Somogyi, Arpad
AU  - Beck, Hans
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 45
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
KW  - NITRITES
KW  - AFLATOXINS
KW  - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN
KW  - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
KW  - TOBACCO
KW  - ETHANOL
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS
KW  - BREAST MILK
KW  - NITRATES
KW  - NITROSAMINES
KW  - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS
KW  - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323703?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Nurturing+and+Breast-Feeding%3A+Exposure+to+Chemicals+in+Breast+Milk&rft.au=Somogyi%2C+Arpad%3BBeck%2C+Hans&rft.aulast=Somogyi&rft.aufirst=Arpad&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; NITRITES; AFLATOXINS; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS; BREAST MILK; NITRATES; NITROSAMINES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; TOBACCO; ETHANOL
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Identifying Environmental Factors Harmful to Reproduction
AN  - 14323661; 10477314
AB  - The interrelationship of reproduction and life is so strong that a threat to one is usually a threat to the other. The present state of test methods for determining the factors that might be harmful to reproduction is reviewed. For humans, monitoring reproductive outcomes is the only certain way to assess harmful factors. Observation of effects in wildlife offers a more rapid method, but even more rapid methods are desired. The capable tests are probably already in existence, but application of testing needs further examination.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Palmer, Anthony K
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 19
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - MONITORING, WILDLIFE
KW  - REPRODUCTION
KW  - BIRTH DEFECTS
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14323661?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Identifying+Environmental+Factors+Harmful+to+Reproduction&rft.au=Palmer%2C+Anthony+K&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 10 |t diagrams
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, WILDLIFE; BIRTH DEFECTS; REPRODUCTION
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Regional and Geographical Variations in Infertility: Effects of Environmental, Cultural, and Socioeconomic Factors
AN  - 14317680; 10477321
AB  - The effect of culture, socioeconomics, and the environment on infertility in Africa, Mexico, and Brazil are reviewed. Sexually transmitted diseases are a major cause of infertility sub-Saharan Africa. Other factors affecting fertility among Africans include female circumcision, illegal abortions, and complications from unassisted births. In Mexico, sexually transmitted diseases, teen pregnancies, and neoplasms of the genitourinary tract affect fertility. Socioeconomic factors such as malnutrition, overpopulation, literacy, and poverty are influences, as is environmental pollution. In Brazil, socioeconomic conditions are implicated in infertility, especially the inferior status of women, which has, until recently, limited access to health care.
JF  - Environmental Health Perspectives
AU  - Leke, Robert JI
AU  - Oduma, Jemimah A
AU  - Bassol-Mayagoitia, Susana
AU  - Bacha, Angela Maria
AU  - Grigor, Kenneth M
Y1  - 1993/07//
PY  - 1993
DA  - Jul 1993
SP  - 73
PB  - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954
VL  - 101
SN  - 0091-6765, 0091-6765
KW  - Environment Abstracts
KW  - SOCIOECONOMICS
KW  - MEXICO
KW  - BRAZIL
KW  - FERTILITY
KW  - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN
KW  - DEMOGRAPHY
KW  - AFRICA
KW  - ENA 07:General
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14317680?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Regional+and+Geographical+Variations+in+Infertility%3A+Effects+of+Environmental%2C+Cultural%2C+and+Socioeconomic+Factors&rft.au=Leke%2C+Robert+JI%3BOduma%2C+Jemimah+A%3BBassol-Mayagoitia%2C+Susana%3BBacha%2C+Angela+Maria%3BGrigor%2C+Kenneth+M&rft.aulast=Leke&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1993-07-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date revised - 2009-08-01
N1  - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables
N1  - Last updated - 2011-12-15
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SOCIOECONOMICS; BRAZIL; MEXICO; DEMOGRAPHY; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; FERTILITY; AFRICA
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - High Definition Information Systems. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Technology, Environment and Aviation of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62782773; ED365281
AB  - The objectives of this Congressional hearing on high definition information systems were: (1) to receive testimony on standards for systems that permit interoperability between the computer, communications, and broadcasting industries; (2) to examine the implications of the Grand Alliance, an agreement by high definition television (HDTV) proponents to pool their efforts to produce a single system for resurrecting a domestic manufacturing capability and related consumer electronics equipment and components; and (3) to determine the role of government in supporting the development of technologies important to high definition information systems. Testimony was received from Michael Liebhold, Media Architecture Research, Apple Computer, Inc.; Branko J. Gerovac, Advanced Technology, Communications, Entertainment, and Media Business Unit, Digital Equipment Corp.; Robert M. Rast, HDTV Business Development, General Instrument Corp.; James Carnes, David Sarnoff Research Center; Robert K. Graves, Video Technology/Infrastructure, American Telephone and Telegraph; Howard Miller, Broadcast Operations, Engineering, and Computer Services, Public Broadcasting Service; Robert C. Hummel, Animation Technology for Walt Disney Television Animation; and W. Russell Neuman, Murrow Center, Tufts University. Additional material submitted for the record is appended. (KRN)
Y1  - 1993/06/24/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jun 24
SP  - 128
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160414296
KW  - Computer Industry
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - High Definition Television
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Information Systems
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Systems Approach
KW  - Government Role
KW  - National Programs
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Broadcast Industry
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Standards
KW  - Competition
KW  - Computer System Design
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62782773?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Utah Schools and Lands Improvement Act of 1993. Report To Accompany S. 184. Senate. 103d Congress, 1st Session.
AN  - 62779107; ED361143
AB  - This report provides background information on Senate Bill 184, the Utah Schools and Lands Improvement Act of 1993, under which the federal government would acquire over 200,000 acres of land and mineral rights from the state of Utah in exchange for federal land, certain mineral resources, or a portion of federal mineral receipts in that state. At the time of statehood in 1896, the federal government granted Utah "sections" in every township, totaling about 7.5 million acres, to be used for the support of public schools. These lands are not contiguous. Ongoing land management problems for both the state and federal governments would be remedied by the proposed exchange. The land acquired from the state would be incorporated into two Indian reservations, as well as into various national parks and forests around Utah. The Congressional Budget Office estimated the cost of this measure; the Committee made a regulatory impact evaluation statement; and the U.S. Department of Agriculture supported enactment with some suggested amendments. The U.S. Department of the Interior supported the bill, but pointed out potential "pay as you go" costs from reduced royalties to the federal treasury. The report contains proposed amendments, as well as a section-by-section analysis of the bill. (KS)
Y1  - 1993/06/16/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jun 16
SP  - 27
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Public Lands
KW  - Utah
KW  - Utah Schools and Lands Improvement Act 1993
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Land Use
KW  - American Indian Reservations
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - School Funds
KW  - Political Divisions (Geographic)
KW  - Federal State Relationship
KW  - American Indians
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62779107?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Congressional Oversight Hearing on Local Gang Diversion Programs. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, 103rd Congress, First Session (El Monte, California).
AN  - 62770314; ED366680
AB  - This congressional hearing report highlights some of the steps people are taking to divert and prevent youth from becoming involved in gang activities. Testimony and prepared statements include those from Joseph Gonzales, Field Organizer of the Youth Volunteer Corps from Kansas City; Kathy Masera, President of the California Job Journal; Ron Holmes, Chief of Police in West Covina, California; Sandra Moss-Manson, Project Director, Gang Alternative and Prevention Program, Los Angles County Probation Department; Nancy J. Lavelle, President of the Institute for the Redesign of Learning, South Pasadena, California; Robert W. Bruesch, Mayor, City of Rosemead, California; Clay Hollopeter, Executive Director, Boys and Girls Club of San Gabriel Valley, California; Scott Jackson, Program Director, National Youth Program Using Minibikes; Mary L. Manning, Mayor, Temple City, California; and Robby Robinson, Deputy Probation Officer, Specialized Gang Unit, Los Angeles County Probation Department. (GLR)
Y1  - 1993/06/04/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jun 04
SP  - 151
PB  - U.S. <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160413036
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - At Risk Persons
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Juvenile Gangs
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Disadvantaged Youth
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Delinquency Prevention
KW  - Youth Programs
KW  - Community Involvement
KW  - Youth Problems
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62770314?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-19. Portions contain small, semileg
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. Hearing on Examination of Recommendations and Proposals by the Administration and Various Organizations on the Reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session (Montpelier, VT).
AN  - 62704641; ED380188
AB  - These hearings transcripts present testimony concerning the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education (ESA) Act, which, since 1965, has provided the bulk of federal aid to elementary and secondary schools and related programs. Much of the testimony was from Vermont education officials, school administrators, teachers, consultants, and concerned citizens who voiced opinions about the efficacy of specific programs and activities funded by the ESA Act, particularly those items that they would like to see expanded or improved. Testimony was heard from: (1) United States Senator James M. Jeffords; (2) Vermont State Senators George B. Spaulding and Betty M. Ferraro; (3) state board of education officials; (4) state human services officials; (5) state school board officials; (6) state National Education Association officials; (7) officials of the Vermont Superintendents and Headmasters Associations; (8) officials of the Vermont Parent Teacher Association, Business Roundtable, Chamber of Commerce, and Council on Vocational-Technical Education; (9) school district superintendents and officials; (10) school principals, teachers, consultants, counselors, and librarians; (11) social service agencies; and (12) parents and concerned citizens. (MDM)
Y1  - 1993/06/04/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 Jun 04
SP  - 103
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education Act
KW  - Reauthorization Legislation
KW  - Vermont
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Improvement
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Attitudes
KW  - Educational Improvement
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62704641?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Studies of the Physiological and Genetic Basis of Acid Tolerance in Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii.
AN  - 733450573; 16348956
AB  - Acid-tolerant Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii ANU1173 was able to grow on laboratory media at a pH as low as 4.5. Transposon Tn5 mutagenesis was used to isolate mutants of strain ANU1173, which were unable to grow on media at a pH of less than 4.8. The acid-tolerant strain ANU1173 maintained a near-neutral intracellular pH when the external pH was as low as 4.5. In contrast, the acid-sensitive mutants AS25 and AS28 derived from ANU1173 had an acidic intracellular pH when the external pH was less than 5.5. The acid-sensitive R. leguminosarum biovar trifolii ANU794, which was comparatively more sensitive to low pH than mutants AS25 and AS28, showed a more acidic internal pH than the two mutants when the three strains were exposed to medium buffered at a pH of less than 5.5. The two acid-sensitive mutants had an increased membrane permeability to protons but did not change their proton extrusion activities. However, the acid-sensitive strain ANU794 exhibited both a higher membrane permeability to protons and a lower proton extrusion activity compared with the acid-tolerant strain ANU1173. DNA hybridization analysis showed that mutants AS25 and AS28 carried a single copy of Tn5 located in 13.7-kb (AS25) and 10.0-kb (AS28) EcoRI DNA fragments. The wild-type DNA sequences spanning the mutation sites of mutants AS25 and AS28 were cloned from genomic DNA of strain ANU1173. Transfer of these wild-type DNA sequences into corresponding Tn5-induced acid-sensitive mutants, respectively, restored the mutants to their acid tolerance phenotypes. Mapping studies showed that the AS25 locus was mapped to a 5.6-kb EcoRI-BamHI megaplasmid DNA fragment, whilst the AS28 locus was located in an 8.7-kb BglII chromosomal DNA fragment.
JF  - Applied and environmental microbiology
AU  - Chen, H
AU  - Richardson, A E
AU  - Rolfe, B G
AD  - Plant Microbe Interaction Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, GPO Box 475, Canberra City, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 1798
EP  - 1804
VL  - 59
IS  - 6
SN  - 0099-2240, 0099-2240
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/733450573?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Studies+of+the+Physiological+and+Genetic+Basis+of+Acid+Tolerance+in+Rhizobium+leguminosarum+biovar+trifolii.&rft.au=Chen%2C+H%3BRichardson%2C+A+E%3BRolfe%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1798&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/
LA  - English
DB  - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection
N1  - Date completed - 2010-07-07
N1  - Date created - 2010-06-25
N1  - Date revised - 2017-01-13
N1  - SuppNotes - Cited By:
J Mol Appl Genet. 1982;1(4):315-26 [6286830]
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1981 Dec;650(2-3):151-66 [6277371]
Adv Microb Physiol. 1983;24:173-214 [6364726]
J Mol Appl Genet. 1981;1(1):71-81 [6809876]
J Biol Chem. 1982 Nov 25;257(22):13246-52 [6815175]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7347-51 [7012838]
FEBS Lett. 1982 Apr 5;140(1):22-6 [7084454]
J Bacteriol. 1982 Aug;151(2):560-8 [7096265]
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Mar;45(3):737-42 [16346239]
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Apr;49(4):1001-3 [16346763]
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1988 Oct;54(10):2541-8 [16347761]
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Jul;57(7):2005-11 [16348523]
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Apr;59(4):1058-64 [16348908]
Plant Physiol. 1982 Sep;70(3):803-10 [16662579]
Mol Gen Genet. 1979;177(1):65-72 [231729]
Gene. 1977;2(2):95-113 [344137]
J Bacteriol. 1987 Dec;169(12):5789-94 [2824447]
J Biol Chem. 1985 Jan 10;260(1):72-6 [2856922]
Microbiol Rev. 1985 Dec;49(4):359-78 [3912654]
J Gen Microbiol. 1974 Sep;84(1):188-98 [4612098]
J Bacteriol. 1980 Sep;143(3):1187-93 [6157669]
J Mol Biol. 1983 May 5;166(1):1-19 [6304321]
N1  - Last updated - 2017-01-18
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - A Compilation of Federal Education Laws: Volume V, As Amended through December 31, 1992. Prepared for the Use of the Committee on Education and Labor of the U.S. House of Representatives and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62874604; ED359740
AB  - This compilation reprints the texts of 22 federal laws relating to child welfare, especially child abuse prevention and treatment, drug abuse prevention, and education of children with disabilities. The compilation includes: Abandoned Infants Assistance Act of 1988; Act of March 3, 1879 (American Printing House for the Blind); Act of August 12, 1968 (Architectural Barriers Act of 1968); Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990; Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (section 5051; National Commission on Drug-Free Schools); Child Abuse Prevention, Adoption, and Family Services Act of 1988; Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act; Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment and Adoption Reform Act of 1978; Congressional Award Act; Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973; Drug-Free School and Communities Act of 1986 (Title V of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965); Education of the Deaf Act of 1986; Family Violence Prevention and Services Act; Helen Keller National Center Act; Individuals with Disabilities Education Act; Joint Resolution of July 11, 1949 (President's Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities); National Commission To Prevent Infant Mortality Act of 1986; National Environmental Education Act; Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (including Title IV, the Employment Opportunities for Individuals with Handicaps Act); Social Security Act (selected provisions); Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988; and Temporary Child Care for Children with Disabilities and Crisis Nurseries Act of 1986. An appendix reprints sections of laws authorizing the establishment of the Office of Educational Research and Improvement. (JDD)
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 651
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160410703
KW  - Crisis Child Care
KW  - Office of Educational Research and Improvement
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Substance Abuse
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Vocational Rehabilitation
KW  - Employment Opportunities
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Civil Rights
KW  - Adoption
KW  - Blindness
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Prevention
KW  - Deafness
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Disabilities
KW  - Child Abuse
KW  - Technology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62874604?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-G.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Schools and Staffing in the United States: Selected Data for Public and Private Schools, 1990-91. Schools and Staffing Survey. E.D. Tabs.
AN  - 62873237; ED359225
AB  - This report on the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) of 1990-91 presents data on public and private schools, school administrators, and teachers. Data reported for schools include programs or services offered, schools with students receiving Chapter 1 services, graduation rates, and college application rates. The SASS was first conducted in 1987-88 and repeated in 1990-91. It is planned for 3-year intervals in the future. The approximately 80,000 public schools and nearly 25,000 private schools account for approximately 76 percent and 24 percent, respectively, of the almost 105,000 schools in the United States. Of the nation's 44.8 million children in kindergarten through 12th grade, about 89.6 percent were enrolled in public schools. Among the highlights from the survey are the following: (1) some 8.5 percent of public school teachers and 14.5 percent of private school teachers were newly hired in 1990-91; (2) almost 5.4 million public school students and about 200,000 private school students received publicly funded Chapter 1 services in 1990-91; (3) the percent of public high school graduates who applied to college averaged 53 percent compared to 76 percent private school rates; (4) a Master's degree is the highest degree held by 60.5 percent of public school principals and 47.4 percent of private school principals; (5) about one-quarter of public school teachers and 11 percent of private school teachers had over 20 years of full-time teaching experience in school year 1990-91; and (6) the average base salary of public school teachers was $31,296 and $19,783 for private school teachers. Study data are presented in 38 tables, and there are 26 tables of supplemental data in Appendix A. (SLD)
AU  - Bobbitt, Sharon A.
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 114
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-453
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Administrators
KW  - College Bound Students
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Graduation
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Educationally Disadvantaged
KW  - School Personnel
KW  - Compensatory Education
KW  - School Surveys
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Private Schools
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62873237?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the teacher followup survey, see TM 019 968; f
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - The Beginning Reading Instruction Study.
AN  - 62869629; ED358425
AB  - Calling attention to the continuum of approaches reflected in beginning reading programs, this report presents content and cost analyses for over 50 beginning reading programs. The first of the report's five chapters is an introduction. The second chapter begins with a brief description of the major issues in the area of beginning reading and concludes with a summary of important research-based recommendations for instruction. The third chapter outlines the evaluation criteria for a content analysis of the programs and provides operational definitions of evaluation criteria. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the extent to which over 50 instructional programs and approaches reflect research in beginning reading. The fourth chapter presents a cost analysis of each program evaluated and a description of how the cost analysis was determined. The final chapter contains some conclusions and cautions about selecting and designing effective reading instructional programs. (RS)
AU  - Stein, Marcy
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 129
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (Stock No. 065-000-00575-1).
VL  - OR-93-3153
KW  - Reading Management
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Descriptions
KW  - Beginning Reading
KW  - Primary Education
KW  - Reading Programs
KW  - Evaluation Criteria
KW  - Content Analysis
KW  - Cost Effectiveness
KW  - Program Evaluation
KW  - Reading Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62869629?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Modeling Teacher Supply and Demand, with Commentary. Schools and Staffing Survey. Teacher Followup Survey. Research and Development Report.
AN  - 62869542; ED359220
AB  - An important purpose of the Schools and Staffing Survey of 1987-88 and the Teacher Followup Survey was to provide data useful for analyzing teacher demand and supply. This report summarizes the important issues related to teacher supply and demand; presents descriptive statistics on supply and demand; and develops and tests multivariate models to identify teacher, school, and district characteristics related to staying in and leaving teaching. The original sample included approximately 67,800 teachers and the follow-up included about 7,500 teachers. Previous research had identified a number of probable relationships between teacher attrition and various teacher, school, and district characteristics. Despite extensive data available on these characteristics, many expected relationships were not found. A possible explanation may be in limitations of the survey, which have been identified as the following: (1) the models tested were too large; (2) a test of the overall fit of the model should have been performed; (3) the relatively small number of learners may have contributed to the difficulty in obtaining results; and (4) the time frame for the analysis may have been too short. Survey data are presented in 26 tables. Appendix A contains two supplemental tables, and Appendix B presents technical notes. (SLD)
AU  - Arnold, Carolyn L.
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 123
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-461
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - Teacher Characteristics
KW  - Research Methodology
KW  - School Districts
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - Multivariate Analysis
KW  - Models
KW  - Teacher Employment
KW  - Followup Studies
KW  - Research Problems
KW  - Goodness of Fit
KW  - School Surveys
KW  - Sample Size
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62869542?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For a related report, see TM 019 993.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - The Condition of Education, 1993.
AN  - 62864973; ED357513
AB  - The current status of education for 1993 is presented in the form of education "indicators"--key data that measure the health of education, monitor important developments, and show trends in major aspects of education. The 60 indicators have been divided into 6 areas: (1) access, participation, and progress; (2) achievement, attainment, and curriculum; (3) economic and other outcomes of education; (4) size, growth and output of educational institutions; (5) climate, classrooms, and diversity in educational institutions; and (6) human and financial resources of educational institutions. The report includes the text, tables, and charts for each indicator plus the technical supporting data, supplemental information, and data sources. Indicators on issues in elementary and secondary education are integrated with those on issues in postsecondary education to reflect the continuity of educational experiences. New indicators include the following: (1) age of first graders; (2) participation in adult education; (3) educational attainment of Hispanics, by recency of migration; (4) course taking in college for recent graduates and for recently graduated full-time teachers; (5) education and labor-market outcomes of high school diploma and GED graduates; (6) health characteristics of adults, by years of schooling; (7) participation in school decision making; (8) time in the classroom; and (9) international comparisons of reading literacy. (MFL)
AU  - Alsalam, Nabeel
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 511
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-290
KW  - Health Status
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Postsecondary Education
KW  - Access to Education
KW  - Student Characteristics
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Educational Trends
KW  - Educational Attainment
KW  - Outcomes of Education
KW  - Ethnic Distribution
KW  - Hispanic Americans
KW  - Comparative Education
KW  - Enrollment
KW  - Educational Resources
KW  - Institutional Characteristics
KW  - School Demography
KW  - Educational Indicators
KW  - Surveys
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Labor Market
KW  - Government Publications
KW  - Educational Assessment
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Educational Quality
KW  - Adult Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62864973?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For the 1992 report, see ED 344 347.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - America's High School Sophomores: A Ten Year Comparison, 1980-1990.
AN  - 62858957; ED360318
AB  - This study of high school sophomores in 1980 and 1990 compares the experiences of students in the two cohorts, identifying changes in in-school and out-of-school activities, academic achievement, self-concept, values, plans, and aspirations. Similarities and differences between the two groups are documented using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88) and High School and Beyond (HS&B, 1980). HS&B and NELS:88 sophomores are marked by basic demographic differences, including the smaller size of the NELS:88 1990 cohort, reflecting the baby bust of the 1970s, and a higher proportion of racial minority and poverty status sophomores in 1990. NELS:88 sophomores also reflect the influence of various waves of school reform since the late 1970s and early 1980s. Overall, the comparison paints a pictures that is in most respects encouraging in its portrayal of the high school academic orientation and postsecondary expectations of the 1990 sophomore class. Positive changes, however, are typically small or moderate in magnitude. Among the findings are: (1) general and college preparatory program placement has increased, at the expense of vocational program placement; (2) patterns of extracurricular participation changed especially in musical activities (31% in 1980 to 22% in 1990) and in hobby clubs (21% in 1980 to 7% in 1990); (3) changes in sophomores giving high importance to particular life values (e.g., marriage and family 83% rating this as very important in 1980, 72% in 1990); (4) small but statistically significant increase in the number of females aspiring to traditionally male-dominated non-professional occupations (15.6% in 1980 versus 18.% in 1990). Sixteen tables and 13 figures present data from the 2 studies. Three appendixes contain information about the survey sample sizes, standard errors, and other methodological and technical information. Appendix A contains an additional 20 data tables. (Contains 46 references.) (SLD)
AU  - Rasinski, Kenneth A.
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 121
PB  - U.S. <span class="hit">Government</span> <span class="hit">Printing</span> <span class="hit">Office</span>, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
VL  - NCES-93-087
KW  - High School and Beyond (NCES)
KW  - High School Sophomores
KW  - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Values
KW  - Grade 10
KW  - Academic Achievement
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Longitudinal Studies
KW  - Cohort Analysis
KW  - Comparative Analysis
KW  - School Activities
KW  - Minority Groups
KW  - Self Concept
KW  - Poverty
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Racial Composition
KW  - Academic Aspiration
KW  - Recreational Activities
KW  - Statistical Data
KW  - Sample Size
KW  - High School Students
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62858957?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Selected Tables on Teacher Supply and Demand: 1987-88 and 1988-89. Schools and Staffing Survey. Teacher Followup Survey. E.D. TABS.
AN  - 62857549; ED360379
AB  - The 1987-88 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) and the 1988-89 Teacher Followup Survey contain data that can be used to examine issues related to the need for teachers, sources of teacher supply, teacher turnover, teacher attrition, and teacher shortages. This report describes patterns in the sources of supply and the demand for teachers in terms of indicators of shortage and surplus. All but two tables include national estimates for all teachers and for public and private school teachers separately. In 1987-88, approximately 2.6 million teachers were employed in the nation's schools, 2.3 million of them in public schools. In 1987-88, about 63,000 teachers were newly hired, and most were just out of college. In 1987-88, approximately 11 percent of open teaching positions were not filled. Reasons why teachers left the workforce were also studied. Seventeen tables present survey findings. Appendix A presents 17 tables of standard errors, and Appendix B contains technical notes. (SLD)
AU  - Arnold, Carolyn L.
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 98
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
SN  - 0160418321
KW  - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES)
KW  - Teacher Followup Survey (NCES)
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Teacher Supply and Demand
KW  - Needs Assessment
KW  - National Surveys
KW  - Elementary School Teachers
KW  - Secondary School Teachers
KW  - School Statistics
KW  - Beginning Teachers
KW  - Public Schools
KW  - Followup Studies
KW  - Teacher Recruitment
KW  - Teacher Persistence
KW  - Employment Patterns
KW  - School Surveys
KW  - Tables (Data)
KW  - Private Schools
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62857549?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Promoting High-Performance Computing and Communications. A CBO Study.
AN  - 62783923; ED365296
AB  - In 1991 the Federal Government initiated the multiagency High Performance Computing and Communications program (HPCC) to further the development of U.S. supercomputer technology and high-speed computer network technology. This overview by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) concentrates on obstacles that might prevent the growth of the high-performance computing and data communications industries. The market for supercomputers, relative to that of other technologies, is small. The main obstacle to the rise of large commercial markets for HPCC-developed technology is that cheaper workstations may preempt further growth of the supercomputer market as a whole. In addition, an economic inertia may occur, as conventional supercomputers, working well, become difficult to dislodge in the marketplace. The National Research and Educational Network (NREN) is central to the HPCC program. The ways in which Internet is becoming the core of a national data network promise well for HPCC in the future, but HPCC technology might be precluded from having a substantial effect on the current markets if demand for high-speed communications does not emerge as envisaged by HPCC leaders. Cost considerations and policy directions for HPCC are discussed. Five tables, six figures, and one box illustrate the discussion. Three appendixes discuss HPCC technology spinoffs and speed calculations. (SLD)
AU  - Webre, Philip
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 78
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328.
KW  - High Performance Computing
KW  - High Performance Computing Act 1991
KW  - Internet
KW  - National Information Systems
KW  - National Research and Education Network
KW  - Supercomputers
KW  - United States
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Systems Development
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Public Policy
KW  - Telecommunications
KW  - Economic Factors
KW  - Public Agencies
KW  - Marketing
KW  - Cost Effectiveness
KW  - Educational Technology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62783923?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - RPRT
T1  - Advanced Network Technology. Background Paper.
AN  - 62775410; ED364226
AB  - This background paper analyzes technologies for tomorrow's information superhighways. Advanced networks will first be used to support scientists in their work, but will soon be deployed more widely in business, entertainment, health care, and education. Significant progress has been made toward the development of gigabit network technology since the basic characteristics of the design of broadband networks began to emerge in the mid-1980s. No insurmountable technological barriers to the gigabit National Research and Education Network (NREN) appear to exist, as work in the testbeds (i.e., initial testing programs) is demonstrating. Testbed networks model the configuration in which the technology is expected to be deployed, in that test sites are separated by realistic distances and realistic technological applications will be used. Testbed applications research helps researchers understand how the NREN can be used to achieve science goals and as a testbed in itself, demonstrating technology that can be deployed more widely. The following topics are reviewed: (1) the Internet; (2) broadband network technology; (3) gigabit research; and (4) application of testbed research. One table and 17 figures illustrate the discussion. Highlighted points are summarized in 10 boxes. (SLD)
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 90
VL  - OTA-BP-TCT-101
KW  - Information Infrastructure
KW  - Internet
KW  - National Research and Education Network
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Technological Advancement
KW  - Computer Networks
KW  - Information Technology
KW  - Systems Development
KW  - Research Utilization
KW  - Pilot Projects
KW  - Information Networks
KW  - Models
KW  - Futures (of Society)
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62775410?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - For an earlier background paper, see ED 336 066.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Leadership Manual--Current Issues. Instructor's Guide.
AN  - 62770956; ED368601
AB  - This document highlights some of the major issues of concern to the labor movement, particularly those that have pending legislation. This instructor's guide offers suggestions on how unions might educate their members on these issues during scheduled union meetings, seminars, or workshops, or in conjunction with specialized campaigns such as a one-on-one member contact program or a "get-out-the-vote" program. The booklet first presents a workshop format to be utilized after the instructor or group selects a topic to be discussed from those presented in the manual. The format can be incorporated into a 1.5 or 2 hour session and can be used to address any issue. The educational techniques suggested stress participant involvement through discussion because it is one of the best ways for adults to learn and will more likely motivate them to act. The format is divided into three steps: (1) introduction of issue and discussion, including such discussion starters as constructing a questionnaire, asking a series of open ended questions, using a fact sheet or handout, charts, or a film or videotape; (2) develop an action plan; and (3) assign responsibilities. The document includes a listing of additional resources with phone numbers for the AFL-CIO departments, 29 short films and videotapes, 4 sample questionnaires with answer sheets, sample discussion questions, fact sheets and handouts, charts, and contract language. A sample discussion outline is presented using the videotape, "One Strike and You're Out," and discussion questions for an Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) videotape are included. (DK)
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 56
PB  - AFL-CIO Educational Dept., 815 16th St., N.W., #407, Washington, DC 20006. 20006.
KW  - American Federation of Labor
KW  - Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970
KW  - Occupational Safety and Health Administration
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Teachers
KW  - Practitioners
KW  - Workshops
KW  - Labor Problems
KW  - Questionnaires
KW  - Student Participation
KW  - Leadership Training
KW  - Labor
KW  - Labor Education
KW  - Union Members
KW  - Learning Activities
KW  - Leadership
KW  - Teaching Methods
KW  - Resources
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62770956?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - JOUR
T1  - Determining the origins and history of sedimentation in an underground river system using natural and fallout radionuclides
AN  - 50348599; 1993-019145
AB  - Natural and anthropogenic radionuclides were used to characterize the source of sediment reaching the underground river in the karst system at Jenolan, New South Wales, Australia. It was found that the relationship between (super 226) Ra and (super 232) Th concentrations, in both spatially averaged soil samples and transported sediments, distinguished between two of the most likely source subcatchments. Sedimentary sequences, collected from within the underground system, showed that contemporary deposition was made up of an equal mixture of sediment from these two sources. However, at least three earlier deposition periods were also identifiable, each with different relative contributions from the source catchments. The first appearance of (super 137) Cs in the sedimentary sequence and correlations with historical information provided a chronology for these changes, and it is concluded that the contemporary phase was initiated in the early 1950s, most probably by forestry activities. This work demonstrates that natural radioactivity can be used as a tracer of the origins of sediment, providing an important new approach to problems in sediment supply, transport, and deposition.
JF  - Journal of Hydrology
AU  - Murray, A S
AU  - Stanton, R
AU  - Olley, J M
AU  - Morton, R
Y1  - 1993/06//
PY  - 1993
DA  - June 1993
SP  - 341
EP  - 359
PB  - Elsevier, Amsterdam
VL  - 146
IS  - 1-4
SN  - 0022-1694, 0022-1694
KW  - Oberon Australia
KW  - hydrology
KW  - stream transport
KW  - Australasia
KW  - sediment transport
KW  - karst hydrology
KW  - caves
KW  - sedimentation
KW  - New South Wales Australia
KW  - southeastern New South Wales Australia
KW  - Jenolan Caves
KW  - provenance
KW  - radioactive tracers
KW  - tracers
KW  - sediments
KW  - Australia
KW  - 21:Hydrogeology
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50348599?accountid=14244
L2  - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Determining+the+origins+and+history+of+sedimentation+in+an+underground+river+system+using+natural+and+fallout+radionuclides&rft.au=Murray%2C+A+S%3BStanton%2C+R%3BOlley%2C+J+M%3BMorton%2C+R&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1993-06-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/
L2  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694
LA  - English
DB  - GeoRef
N1  - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
N1  - Date revised - 1993-01-01
N1  - Number of references - 17
N1  - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map
N1  - Last updated - 2012-06-07
N1  - CODEN - JHYDA7
N1  - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; caves; hydrology; Jenolan Caves; karst hydrology; New South Wales Australia; Oberon Australia; provenance; radioactive tracers; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; southeastern New South Wales Australia; stream transport; tracers
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Hearing on H.R. 856, The Educational Research, Development and Dissemination Excellence Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62771829; ED367301
AB  - The hearing transcribed in this report is focused on the imperative of having a federal educational research and development strategy. As part of this strategy, a discussion concerning an innovative approach to dissemination and professional development also took place. The report contains testimony from: (1) G. Carl Ball, Committee on the Federal Role in Education Research, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences and Andrew C. Porter, Committee on the Federal Role in Education Research, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, Wisconsin Center for Education Research; (2) A. Alfred Taubman, Chairman, Michigan Partnership for New Education, Michigan State University; (3) Judith Lanier, President, Michigan Partnership for New Education, accompanied by Elnora Crutchfield, Assistant Principal for the Seventh Grade, Holmes Middle School, Flint, Michigan; (4) Carlton E. Brown, Dean, School of Liberal Arts and Education, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia; and (5) the American Educational Research Association's Hispanic Research and Bilingual Education Special Interest Groups. (TMK)
Y1  - 1993/05/27/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 May 27
SP  - 96
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 016043338X
KW  - American Educational Research Association
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Educational Strategies
KW  - Professional Associations
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Information Dissemination
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Research and Development
KW  - Professional Development
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Federal Government
KW  - Partnerships in Education
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Educational Innovation
KW  - Educational Research
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62771829?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-33.
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Student Loan Reform. Hearing on S. 920 of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62776697; ED363187
AB  - The Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources met to consider an amendment to the Higher Education Act of 1965 to improve the delivery of college financial aid by moving from guaranteed students loans to direct loans. Under a system of direct loans, students would borrow directly from the Federal Government by applying through their colleges. Senators who offered opening statements on the proposed legislation were Senators Durenberger, Kassebaum, Pell, Jeffords, Metzenbaum, Hatch, Simon, Dodd, Coats, Wellstone, Gregg, Kennedy, Mikulski, and Thurmond. Proponents of the change noted increased access to loans, budget savings, and system simplification. Opponents cited the difficulty of change, the difficulty of knowing exactly the consequences of a new system, risks to the government, and costs of administration. The Committee also heard from a panel led by Madeleine Kunin, Deputy Secretary of the Department of Education presenting the Administration plan and answering questions on details of the plan. In addition a group of college presidents, university administrators, and students appeared to offer their views on proposed changes. Finally a large number higher education leaders of associations and financial aid groups appeared to offer their testimony on the legislation. Additional materials appended includes articles, publications, reports, and correspondence. (JB)
Y1  - 1993/05/26/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 May 26
SP  - 181
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160414652
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Direct Vending
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - Stafford Student Loan Program
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Policymakers
KW  - Community
KW  - Student Loan Programs
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Educational Legislation
KW  - Access to Education
KW  - Government Role
KW  - Educational Finance
KW  - Higher Education
KW  - Student Financial Aid
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62776697?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - S.674, The Sensible Advertising and Family Education Act. Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62779592; ED361605
AB  - This Congressional hearing discusses legislation that would require health warnings to be included in advertisements of alcoholic beverages. Opening statements are included from Senators Hollings, Burns, Danforth, Thurmond, and Simon, and from Representative Kennedy. Testimony is included from two panels of witnesses, whose members include: (1) Dean Smith, University of North Carolina; (2) Joseph Wright, Children's National Medical Center; (3) Michael Dorris, parent of a child born with fetal alcohol syndrome; (4) Joyce Brune, mother whose daughter died from alcohol poisoning; (5) Lawrence Wallack, Director of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley; (6) Steven Shiffrin, law professor, Cornell University Law School; (7) Edward Fritts, president and chief executive officer, National Association of Broadcasters; (8) Jeffrey Becker, vice-president, Alcohol Issues, Beer Institute; (9) Fred Meister, president and chief executive officer, Distilled Spirits Council of the United States; (10) Robert Koch, vice-president, Federal Government Relations, Wine Institute; (11) Burt Neuborne, professor, New York University School of Law; and (12) Martin Block, Integrated Marketing Communications. Prepared statements and relevant materials are appended. (NB)
Y1  - 1993/05/13/
PY  - 1993
DA  - 1993 May 13
SP  - 127
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402.
SN  - 0160412862
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Mass Media Effects
KW  - Drinking
KW  - Alcohol Abuse
KW  - Consumer Education
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Alcoholic Beverages
KW  - Advertising
KW  - Health Education
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62779592?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  - 



TY  - GEN
T1  - Goals 2000: Educate America Act. Hearing on S. 846 before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session.
AN  - 62777216; ED363456
AB  - This document is a transcript of two days of proceedings for a United States Senate committee hearing to discuss "Goals 2000: Educate America Act." This bill was proposed by President Clinton to provide a national framework for education reform; promote the research, consensus building, and systemic changes needed to endure equal educational opportunities and high levels of educational achievement for all American students; provide a framework for reauthorization of federal educational programs; and promote the development and adoption of a voluntary national system of skill standards and certifications. For the first day of the hearing, the document includes prepared statements and questioning of United States Senators Edward Kennedy, Nancy Kassebaum, Judd Gregg, Barbara Mikulski, Christopher Dodd, and Dave Durenberger. Statements and questioning are also included for Richard Riley, United States Secretary of Education; Tracey Bailey, 1993 National Teacher of the Year; Norman Conrad, 1992 Kansas Teacher of the Year; Linda Davis, deputy superintendent of the Unified School District, San Francisco, California; and George Kaye, vice president of human resources for Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. For the second day of hearings, the document includes prepared statements and questioning of several United States Senators and education experts, including Senators Edward Kennedy, Strom Thurmond, and Dave Durenberger; Marc Tucker, president of the National Center on Education and the Economy; Harry Featherstone, representing the National Association of Manufacturers; John Sweeney, president of the Service Employees International Union; and Linda Morra, director of the Education and Employment Issues of the United States General Accounting Office. (MM)
Y1  - 1993/05//
PY  - 1993
DA  - May 1993
SP  - 118
PB  - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402 (Stock No. 552-070-15271-7, $4.25).
SN  - 0160414822
KW  - Congress 103rd
KW  - Goals 2000
KW  - Proposed Legislation
KW  - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE)
KW  - Program Administration
KW  - Federal Aid
KW  - Elementary Secondary Education
KW  - Needs Assessment
KW  - Equal Education
KW  - Educational Improvement
KW  - Child Welfare
KW  - Federal Legislation
KW  - Preschool Education
KW  - Federal Programs
KW  - Educational Change
KW  - Hearings
KW  - Academic Standards
UR  - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62777216?accountid=14244
LA  - English
DB  - ERIC
N1  - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward
N1  - SuppNotes - Support provided by the Carl A. Weyerhaeuser Famil
N1  - Last updated - 2014-03-21
ER  -