TY - GEN T1 - Data for Decisions: Resources from the National Center for Education Statistics [videotape]. AN - 62611556; ED401340 AB - This videotape introduces resources provided by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to help educators make good educational policy decisions. The NCES is charged with collecting, maintaining, and reporting statistics about U.S. education, and it makes a variety of resources available to educators and the public to help them use this information. The following resources are highlighted in this report: (1) the Standards for Education Data Collection and Reporting (SEDCAR), a set of standards to help with uniform terminology and procedures; (2) data handbooks for collecting and defining data about students and staff; (3) the Course Classification System, a way of standardizing descriptions of courses among schools and agencies; (4) the SPEEDE/ExPRESS system of electronic transfer of student records; (5) a discussion of protecting the privacy of student records, "Protecting the Privacy of Student Records: Guidelines for Education Agencies"; (6) "Guidelines for Education Technology Decisions," a publication to help educators in the information age; (7) national education databases on CD-ROM for educators and the public; (8) the "Census Mapping Tool," census data for districts within states; and (9) EDSEARCH, software for the NCES Internet site. (SLD) Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - SPEEDE ExPRESS Electronic Transcript System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Confidentiality KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Videotape Recordings KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Decision Making KW - Computer Software KW - Academic Records KW - School Statistics KW - Databases KW - Classification KW - Educational Policy KW - Resource Materials KW - Research Utilization KW - Standards KW - Guides KW - Data Collection KW - Educational Technology KW - Internet KW - Educational Research KW - Recordkeeping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62611556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Data+for+Decisions%3A+Resources+from+the+National+Center+for+Education+Statistics+%5Bvideotape%5D.&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Literacy of Older Adults in America. Results from the National Adult Literacy Survey. AN - 62609450; ED402513 AB - The 1992 National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS) examined three types of literacy--prose, document, and quantitative--among the entire older adult population and various subgroups thereof. Of the nationally representative sample of 26,091 adults interviewed during the NALS, 2,267 were aged 60-69, 1,005 were aged 70-79, and 442 were at least 80 years old. Among the main findings were the following: (1) 71% of adults over age 60 demonstrated limited prose skills, and 68% had difficulty finding/processing quantitative information; (2) even when education, language background, and visual impairments were held constant, adults over 60 demonstrated weaker literacy proficiency than their under-60 counterparts; (3) literacy skills were higher among those older adults who were employed or retired and volunteering and those with annual incomes above $10,000; and (4) compared with younger adults, older adults were more likely to report not learning certain literacy skills at all or in school and were less likely to read, write, and use arithmetic in their daily lives. (Sixty-three tables/figures are included. Appended are the following: information on interpreting the literacy scales; 12 additional tables; overview of survey procedures; definitions of subpopulations and variables; and participants in the survey development process and information about the authors.) (MN) AU - Brown, Helen Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 202 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-97-576 KW - National Adult Literacy Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Adult Literacy KW - Reading Habits KW - Reading Ability KW - National Surveys KW - Educational Attainment KW - Educational Needs KW - Citizen Participation KW - Older Adults KW - Adult Basic Education KW - Employment Patterns KW - Economic Status KW - Literacy Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62609450?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Nontraditional Undergraduates: Trends in Enrollment from 1986 to 1992 and Persistence and Attainment among 1989-90 Beginning Postsecondary Students. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62608908; ED402857 AB - This report presents tables and narrative that detail enrollment and persistence trends in postsecondary education participation of nontraditional students. The report uses data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies of 1986-87, 1989-90, and 1992-93; and from the second followup of the 1989-90 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study which was conducted in the spring of 1994. A nontraditional student is defined as possessing one or more of the following characteristics: delayed enrollment into postsecondary education; attended part time; financially independent; worked full time while enrolled; had dependents other than a spouse; was a single parent; or did not obtain a standard high school diploma. Among major findings are: (1) a majority of undergraduates in all three surveys were at least minimally nontraditional; (2) while nontraditional students were concentrated in two-year institutions, their numbers also grew at four-year institutions; and (3) nontraditional students were much less likely to earn a degree within 5 years and more likely to quit school than their traditional counterparts. Enrollment trends are presented in tables and narrative according to each individual characteristic and according to whether students are minimally (1 characteristic), moderately (2 or 3 characteristics), or highly (4 or more characteristics) nontraditional. Appendices contain a glossary and technical notes and methodology. (MAH) AU - Horn, Laura J. AU - Carroll, Dennis C. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 78 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160489148 KW - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Nontraditional Students KW - Undergraduate Students KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Access to Education KW - Academic Achievement KW - Higher Education KW - Academic Persistence KW - Nontraditional Education KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62608908?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Institutional Policies and Practices Regarding Faculty in Higher Education. 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF-93). Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62585930; ED402858 AB - This is the second publication released from the 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF), a study about faculty and instructional staff in U.S. higher education institutions. The document presents findings from the institution survey of NSOPF-93 regarding their policies and practices toward faculty and staff, including: full-time, part-time permanent, temporary, instructional faculty and staff, and non-instructional faculty. Data reported include: (1) number and distribution of full- and part-time faculty and staff; (2) movement of full-time faculty and staff from their institutions; (3) distribution of tenure systems and tenured faculty; and (4) benefits provided to different groups of faculty and instructional staff. The survey found that, among other things, U.S. institutions of higher education employed approximately 1 million faculty and instructional staff in the fall of 1992, and 90 percent had instruction as their major regular assignment. There was about a 1 percent increase in the number of permanent full time instructional faculty and staff between fall 1991 and fall 1992, despite the fact that 6 percent of permanent full time instructional faculty and staff left their institutions because of retirement, downsizing, or other reasons. The Survey Questionnaire is appended. (MAH) AU - Kirshstein, Rita J. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 111 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Survey of Postsecondary Faculty KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teacher Employment KW - Tenure KW - Full Time Faculty KW - Employment Level KW - Part Time Faculty KW - Higher Education KW - Academic Rank (Professional) KW - Tables (Data) KW - College Faculty UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62585930?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For related document, see ED 375 792. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Depression or Grief? The Experience of Caregivers of People with Dementia AN - 61304246; 199703748 AB - Reports an exploratory study that sheds some light on the nature of the depression & grief experienced by caregivers of people with dementia. Survey & scale data from 83 female & 17 male caregivers ages 31-81 in TX suggest that the depression so frequently described in the literature may not be as severe or clinically significant as previously thought, & it may be more precisely described as anticipatory grief. Viewing caregivers' apparent depression as being the result of grief over the losses they are experiencing may assist practitioners in planning & evaluating the effectiveness of clinical interventions for this growing group of clients. 38 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Health and Social Work AU - Walker, Rebecca J AU - Pomeroy, Elizabeth C AD - 907 South Congress Ave, Austin TX 78704 Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 247 EP - 254 VL - 21 IS - 4 SN - 0360-7283, 0360-7283 KW - depression/grief, caregivers, people with dementia KW - survey/scale data KW - Texas KW - Caregivers KW - Depression (Psychology) KW - Senility KW - Grief KW - article KW - 6140: illness & health care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61304246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+and+Social+Work&rft.atitle=Depression+or+Grief%3F+The+Experience+of+Caregivers+of+People+with+Dementia&rft.au=Walker%2C+Rebecca+J%3BPomeroy%2C+Elizabeth+C&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+and+Social+Work&rft.issn=03607283&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Grief; Senility; Caregivers; Depression (Psychology); Texas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of salinity on growth and toxin production in cultures of the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena from Australian waters AN - 17370470; 4541884 AB - Nodularia spumigena Mertens blooms in a number of Australia's estuarine systems and coastal embayments. We investigated the effect of four salinities between fresh water (0 g kg super(-1)) and sea water (35 g kg super(-1)) on growth rate, cell yield, cell dry weight and toxicity of strains isolated from three Australian populations and studied under controlled environmental conditions in the laboratory. Growth rates were significantly lower at 0 g kg super(-1) than at the higher salinities, and cell yields at 0 and 35 g kg super(-1) were lower than at 12 and 24 g kg super(-1) salinity. This indicates that salinity extremes do not favour N. spumigena bloom development. Salinity affected nodularin content in the logarithmic phase of growth: as salinity increased, toxin content decreased, on both a dry weight and a per cell basis. In the stationary phase of growth, nodularin content was lowest at 35 g kg super(-1) salinity. It increased significantly between logarithmic and stationary phases of growth. Cell mass (dry weight per cell) was not affected by growth phase. Our results indicate that mature blooms will be more toxic than developing ones because of their greater biomass and higher toxin content (on both dry weight and per cell bases). JF - Phycologia AU - Blackburn, SI AU - McCausland, MA AU - Bolch, CJS AU - Newman, S J AU - Jones, G J AD - CSIRO Division of Fisheries, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 511 EP - 522 VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0031-8884, 0031-8884 KW - Australia KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Algal blooms KW - Nodularia spumigena KW - Biological poisons KW - Brackish KW - Australia Coasts KW - Metabolites KW - Freshwater KW - Toxicity tests KW - Toxins KW - Growth KW - Salinity effects KW - Cyanophyta KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08226:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - K 03039:Algae KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17370470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phycologia&rft.atitle=Effect+of+salinity+on+growth+and+toxin+production+in+cultures+of+the+bloom-forming+cyanobacterium+Nodularia+spumigena+from+Australian+waters&rft.au=Blackburn%2C+SI%3BMcCausland%2C+MA%3BBolch%2C+CJS%3BNewman%2C+S+J%3BJones%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Blackburn&rft.aufirst=SI&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Phycologia&rft.issn=00318884&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Algal blooms; Growth; Biological poisons; Salinity effects; Metabolites; Toxicity tests; Toxins; Nodularia spumigena; Cyanophyta; Australia Coasts; Freshwater; Brackish; Marine ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Pump test analysis for the Largs North Aquifer, S.A.: A case study in a tidally forced aquifer AN - 16029522; 4095216 AB - A pump test was carried out in the surficial sandy aquifer at the Elder Road site at Largs North on the Lefevre Peninsula, Adelaide, in March 1996. This aquifer is strongly influenced by tidal fluctuations in the bordering Port Adelaide River. Least-squares techniques were used to determine functions correlating the fluctuations observed in the monitored bores with the tidal levels measured at a nearby tidal gauging station. These correlation functions were then used to correct measured pumping drawdowns for tidal influences. Standard steady and transient pumping analyses were applied to the corrected drawdown traces to estimate hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient for the aquifer. Analytical expressions for the propagation of periodic fluctuations through aquifers were also used to estimate hydraulic conductivity. The results indicate a hydraulic conductivity of the order of 3-10 m/d with a storage coefficient of approximately 0.002. The low value of storage coefficient may indicate confining conditions in the aquifer. This is supported by the observation of thin, resistive peaty layers in the soil profile, and increasing confinement with depth in the aquifer. Measurements of anisotropic hydraulic conductivities were not attempted. JF - CSIRO DIV. WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). Nov 1996. AU - Trefry, M G Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 PB - CSIRO DIV. WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Australia, Largs North Africa KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - tides KW - drawdown KW - pumping tests KW - aquifer characteristics KW - permeability coefficient KW - aquifer testing KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16029522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Trefry%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Trefry&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643059997&rft.btitle=Pump+test+analysis+for+the+Largs+North+Aquifer%2C+S.A.%3A+A+case+study+in+a+tidally+forced+aquifer&rft.title=Pump+test+analysis+for+the+Largs+North+Aquifer%2C+S.A.%3A+A+case+study+in+a+tidally+forced+aquifer&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Optimising well site and pumping rate to control shallow water tables AN - 16029357; 4095217 AB - The use of tube wells is an efficient approach to controlling shallow groundwater tables. For this purpose groundwater is usually pumped from unconfined aquifers. In order to maximise the effectiveness and efficiency of sub-surface drainage with tube wells, decisions must be made regarding well locations and pumping rates. In this research work, two optimisation models were developed for the purpose of optimising well sites and pumping rates simultaneously to control shallow groundwater tables. The linear programming model WELLMAN-C models pumping water from confined aquifers. The quadratic programming model WELLMAN-U models pumping water from unconfined aquifers. The objective of both models is to minimise total regional pumping rate whilst lowering groundwater tables to or below the given critical levels within a specified time period. Another quadratic programming model RECH-U was developed to estimate net recharge rates to unconfined aquifers. The optimisation models were applied to the Wakool Irrigation District (WID). It was assumed that optimal well locations could be chosen from any potential well sites, and were not restricted to cells where a pump was already in operation. The results from the optimisation models were reasonably verified with the results from the simulation model. JF - CSIRO DIV. WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). Nov 1996. AU - Zhanyi, G AU - Prathapar, SA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 PB - CSIRO DIV. WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - groundwater management KW - water table KW - pumping KW - optimization KW - decision making KW - unconfined aquifers KW - pump wells KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16029357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhanyi%2C+G%3BPrathapar%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Zhanyi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643060006&rft.btitle=Optimising+well+site+and+pumping+rate+to+control+shallow+water+tables&rft.title=Optimising+well+site+and+pumping+rate+to+control+shallow+water+tables&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative acute and chronic toxicity of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and ferric-complexed DTPA to Daphnia carinata AN - 15974540; 4072328 AB - The acute and chronic toxicity of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) and ferric complexed DTPA (Fe[III]-DTPA) to Daphnia carinata were compared, while the effects of DTPA exposure prior to and/or during 1st brood embryogenesis were also assessed. For chronic exposures, daphnids were exposed to DTPA at high or low food levels, or to Fe(III)-DTPA at high food level until the 6th reproductive instar. The 48 h LC sub(50)s of DTPA and Fe(III)-DTPA to D. carinata were 245 mg/L and >1,000 mg/L, respectively. Chronic exposure to 10 mg/L DTPA resulted in a significant reduction in all individual brood sizes, while it increased the age at each reproductive instar. Ten mg/L DTPA also significantly decreased the cumulative number of offspring per adult at high and low food level from 161.3 plus or minus 14.6 to 11.3 plus or minus 4.9 offspring, and 56.4 plus or minus 1.8 to 0 plus or minus 0 offspring, respectively, while a similar effect was observed for the number of offspring per adult per day. Both the 3rd and 5th brood sizes were also significantly reduced at 1 mg/L DTPA, but only at high food level, from 39.0 plus or minus 2.9 to 27.6 plus or minus 3.8 offspring, and 49.3 plus or minus 5.0 to 39.9 plus or minus 4.2 offspring, respectively. Chronic exposure to Fe(III)-DTPA had little effect on D. carinata, but there was a significant negative relationship between Fe(III)-DTPA and the number of offspring per adult per day (y = -0.024x + 14.048, r super(2) = 0.20, n = 26, P < 0.02). This was due to a 25% reduction in reproduction at 134 mg/L Fe(III)-DTPA, the highest test concentration, compared to controls. The no-observed-effect concentrations (NOEC) and lowest-observed-effect concentrations (LOEC) for DTPA and Fe(III)-DTPA following chronic exposure to D. carinata were 1.0 and 10 mg/L and 67 and 134 mg /L, respectively, although the possibility of effects occurring below 10 mg/L DTPA could not be discounted. Exposure to DTPA prior to 1st brood embryogenesis significantly decreased the 1st brood size but did not affect the 2nd brood size, while exposure during 1st brood embryogenesis significantly decreased the 2nd brood size, but did not affect the 1st brood size, indicating the reproductive impairment was due to maternally-mediated factors and not direct toxicity to the eggs. The decrease in DTPA toxicity when complexed with Fe(III) was attributed to preferential binding with that metal, thereby limiting any further chelating ability. Concentrations of DTPA in receiving waters are unlikely to be toxic to D. carinata. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Van Dam, RA AU - Barry, MJ AU - Ahokas, J T AU - Holdway, DA AD - Key Cent. for Applied and Nutr. Toxicol., Dep. Applied Biol. and Biotechnol., Fac. Biomed. and Health Sci., RMIT-Univ., GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 433 EP - 443 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Daphnia carinata KW - aquatic organisms KW - chelating agents KW - diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid KW - freshwater organisms KW - iron KW - paper industry wastes KW - pentetic acid KW - pollution effects KW - pulp and paper industry KW - pulp mills KW - pulp wastes KW - reproduction KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicology KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - industrial wastes KW - toxicity KW - Daphnia KW - sexual reproduction KW - water pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15974540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+acute+and+chronic+toxicity+of+diethylenetriamine+pentaacetic+acid+%28DTPA%29+and+ferric-complexed+DTPA+to+Daphnia+carinata&rft.au=Van+Dam%2C+RA%3BBarry%2C+MJ%3BAhokas%2C+J+T%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Van+Dam&rft.aufirst=RA&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; freshwater organisms; pulp wastes; aquatic organisms; toxicity; sexual reproduction; toxicology; pollution effects; reproduction; water pollution; iron; chelating agents; toxicity testing; pulp mills; paper industry wastes; pulp and paper industry; water pollution effects; Daphnia; Daphnia carinata; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipopolysaccharide-specific antibodies in plasma and stools of children with Shigella-associated leukemoid reaction and hemolytic-uremic syndrome AN - 15932293; 4052119 AB - Antibody responses to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of shigellae were compared between children with uncomplicated and complicated Shigella dysenteriae 1 infection. One hundred fifteen children between 12 and 60 months of age with S. dysenteriae 1 infection were studied. Of these children, 42 had complications (leukemoid reaction and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome [complicated shigellosis]) and 73 had no complications (uncomplicated shigellosis). Antibodies to the LPS of S. dysenteriae 1 and Shigella flexneri Y were measured in plasma and stools, as were total immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG concentrations in plasma and the total IgA concentration in stool, on enrollment and 3 to 5 days later. In the plasma, the concentrations of homologous (IgG) and heterologous (IgA) LPS antibodies on enrollment were higher in children with complicated shigellosis than in those with uncomplicated shigellosis. In stool, the concentrations on enrollment were similar between the two groups of children. There was a rise in antibody concentrations in the plasma (homologous and heterologous) and stool (homologous) between the day of enrollment and 3 to 5 days later in children with uncomplicated shigellosis but not in those with complicated shigellosis. These findings suggest that systemic stimulation is more marked in children with complications, so that a subsequent rise in plasma antibody concentrations does not occur in these children. In contrast, the lack of a rise in stool antibody concentrations in children with complicated shigellosis is suggestive of a lower-level mucosal response. Because the duration of diarrhea before enrollment influenced the homologous antibody concentrations, children were further divided into three subgroups (short [3 to 5 days], medium [6 to 9 days], and long [>9 days] diarrhea durations before enrollment). Comparisons of homologous antibody concentrations between the two groups of children following such subdivisions showed that in children with complicated shigellosis, antibody concentrations were higher in the plasma of children in the short diarrhea duration subgroup but lower in the stool of children in the medium diarrhea duration subgroup. No differences in antibody concentrations were observed in children in the other diarrhea duration subgroups. Thus, complications in shigellosis are associated with an early and strong systemic stimulation without a concomitant stimulation of the mucosal antibody response. JF - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology AU - Azim, T AU - Qadri, F AU - Ahmed, S AU - Sarker AU - Halder, R C AU - Hamadani, J AU - Chowdhury, A AU - Wahed, MA AU - Salam, MA AU - Albert, MJ AD - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 701 EP - 705 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 1071-412X, 1071-412X KW - man KW - lipopolysaccharides KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - hemolytic uremic syndrome KW - plasma KW - antibodies KW - feces KW - Shigella dysenteriae KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15932293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.atitle=Lipopolysaccharide-specific+antibodies+in+plasma+and+stools+of+children+with+Shigella-associated+leukemoid+reaction+and+hemolytic-uremic+syndrome&rft.au=Azim%2C+T%3BQadri%2C+F%3BAhmed%2C+S%3BSarker%3BHalder%2C+R+C%3BHamadani%2C+J%3BChowdhury%2C+A%3BWahed%2C+MA%3BSalam%2C+MA%3BAlbert%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Azim&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.issn=1071412X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella dysenteriae; feces; plasma; antibodies; hemolytic uremic syndrome ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A comparative study of effluent toxicity for three chlorine-bleached pulp and paper mills in Southeast Asia AN - 15927240; 4045900 AB - A study on toxicity discharges from three pulp and paper mills, two in Vietnam and one in Thailand, was conducted using the Microtox method, a rapid toxicity test with the marine bioluminescent bacterium, Photobacterium phosphoreum, as the test organism. Based on the EC sub(50) values after 5 and 15 min of exposure, i.e. 5 min EC sub(50) and 15 min EC sub(50), respectively, the hypochlorite bleaching stage (H-H) effluent in the Thai mill was most toxic (EC sub(50) were about 0.1% of the undiluted effluent) but still comparable with corresponding data obtained for COGIDO (0.4-0.5%). In BAPACO, toxicity of the effluent from the hypochlorite stages (H1 and H2) was much lower with the EC sub(50) in the range of 38-83%. The chlorination (C) stage effluent in COGIDO with the 15 min EC sub(50) of 18% was less toxic while the 15 min EC sub(50) of this stage effluent was almost the same for both BAPACO and the Thai mill. the EC sub(50) of the alkali-extraction (E) stage effluent were almost in the same range in all three mills. The combined effluent from the bleaching process was the most toxic in the Thai mill (EC sub(50) = 0.4%), second toxic in COGIDO (8-10%) and the least toxic in BAPACO (14-24%). TEF (toxicity emission factors) values of this effluent show the same ranking: highest for the Thai mill (15 000) followed by COGIDO with much lower TEF (1200) and the least was BAPACO (800). A less-than-additive, i.e. antagonistic, mode of toxicity was found for the combined effluent from bleaching plants and for various other combined effluents in the three mills. The bleaching plant is the largest toxicity source in terms of TEF in BAPACO, but not in COGIDO where the discharge of black liquor is the largest contribution of toxicity. For this reason, the total toxicity discharged from COGIDO with TEF > 6000 was much higher than BAPACO with TEF of 750. For the Thai mill, the TEF of the pond system effluent alone was already much higher than TEF of the other two mills. Good house-keeping and process control improvement may greatly reduce acute toxicity from the mill. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Nov 1996. AU - Oanh, NTK A2 - Wise, DL (ed) Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 KW - Photobacterium phosphoreum KW - bioassay KW - bioindicators KW - indicator species KW - industrial effluents KW - industrial wastewater KW - paper industry wastes KW - pulp and paper industry KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Thailand KW - Freshwater KW - Vietnam KW - industrial wastes KW - toxicity KW - pulp wastes KW - effluents KW - bacteria KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15927240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oanh%2C+NTK&rft.aulast=Oanh&rft.aufirst=NTK&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=A+comparative+study+of+effluent+toxicity+for+three+chlorine-bleached+pulp+and+paper+mills+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.title=A+comparative+study+of+effluent+toxicity+for+three+chlorine-bleached+pulp+and+paper+mills+in+Southeast+Asia&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Design of a representative and cost-effective sampling programs for industrial wastewater with examples from bleached kraft pulp and paper mills AN - 15925320; 4045894 AB - The diagram constructed for selection of sampling methods indicates that, for a systematic error, E less than or equal to 13%, grab sampling (GS) may be used to characterize effluents with variation coefficient of flow less than or equal to 120% and of contaminant concentrations (2-82%), time-proportional compositing (TC) method may be applied with E less than or equal to 10% for effluents characterized by variation coefficients in flow < 90%. The more complicated flow-proportional compositing (FC) method is required only for effluents with larger variation coefficients or to produce more precise results. The diagram constructed for selection of sampling frequencies indicates that sequential sampling at intervals of approximately 60 min may be applied with E less than or equal to 10% for effluents characterized by variation coefficients less than or equal to 30%. Practical application of the diagrams, constructed using normal series, was checked against monitoring data from two pulp and paper mills in Vietnam. The two diagrams provided results on sampling methods and frequencies in good agreement with those obtained from actual monitoring data with percentages of agreement cases of 80 and 75%, respectively. The approach was applied in design of a monitoring program at the Bai Bang integrated pulp and paper mill in Vietnam. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling. Nov 1996. AU - Oanh, NTK AU - Bengtsson, B E A2 - Wise, DL (ed) Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 KW - bleaching wastes KW - industrial effluents KW - industrial wastewater KW - paper industry wastes KW - pulp and paper industry KW - sampling KW - sampling methods KW - wastewater KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - pulp wastes KW - wastewater treatment KW - Freshwater KW - Vietnam KW - industrial wastes KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15925320?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Oanh%2C+NTK%3BBengtsson%2C+B+E&rft.aulast=Oanh&rft.aufirst=NTK&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Design+of+a+representative+and+cost-effective+sampling+programs+for+industrial+wastewater+with+examples+from+bleached+kraft+pulp+and+paper+mills&rft.title=Design+of+a+representative+and+cost-effective+sampling+programs+for+industrial+wastewater+with+examples+from+bleached+kraft+pulp+and+paper+mills&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solid waste recycling, disposal and management in Bangkok AN - 15911065; 4040877 AB - Solid waste recycling should be integrated with other solid waste management options to abate degradation in urban environment. This can be achieved through promotion of economically efficient and environmentally sound practices in managing municipal waste. Recycling can be promoted by encouraging separation at source. The best way of waste separation at source can be stimulated by financial incentives, legislation and raising of environmental awareness. In Bangkok, 90% of the solid waste is disposed of by open dumping. Around each disposal site, there are a number of small scale recycling shops (SSR) where collected materials are sold by the collection crews and the scavengers. Open dumping has been found to create environmental problems because of air pollution, bad smell, presence of insects and rodents which are injurious to health, and potential contamination of ground water. It is recommended therefore, that open dumping should be converted to a sanitary landfill with proper environmental protection measures in order to minimize environmental pollution. However, it is also proposed that the government, if possible, should adopt the waste-to-energy treatment system since it is not possible by sanitary landfill to eliminate all the negative impacts to the environment. JF - Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management AU - Muttamara, S AU - Sales, CL AU - Phunsiri, S AD - Environ. Eng. Prog., Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 226 EP - 237 VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 1088-1697, 1088-1697 KW - Thailand, Bangkok KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - solid wastes KW - recycling KW - urban areas KW - environmental impact KW - economics KW - public health KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15911065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Solid+Waste+Technology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Solid+waste+recycling%2C+disposal+and+management+in+Bangkok&rft.au=Muttamara%2C+S%3BSales%2C+CL%3BPhunsiri%2C+S&rft.aulast=Muttamara&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=226&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Solid+Waste+Technology+and+Management&rft.issn=10881697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - solid wastes; waste management; recycling; urban areas; economics; environmental impact; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distributions of key exposure factors controlling the uptake of xenobiotic chemicals in an estuarine food web AN - 15903013; 4040034 AB - A critical evaluation of literature on the behavior, physiology, and ecology of common estuarine organisms was conducted in an attempt to develop probabilistic distributions for those variables that influence the uptake of xenobiotic chemicals from sediments, water, and food sources. The ranges, central tendencies, and distributions of several key parameter values were identified for dominant organisms from various trophic levels, including the polychaete Nereis virens, mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), and striped bass (Morone saxatilis). The exposure factors of interest included ingestion rate for various food sources, growth rate, respiration rate, excretion rate, body weight, wet/dry weight ratio, lipid content, chemical assimilation efficiency, and food assimilation efficiency. These exposure factors are critical to the execution of mechanistic food web models, which, when properly calibrated, can be used to estimate tissue concentrations of nonionic chemicals in aquatic organisms based on knowledge of the bioenergetics and feeding interactions within a food web and the sediment and water concentrations of chemicals. In this article we describe the use of distributions for various exposure factors in the context of a mechanistic bioaccumulation model that is amenable to probabilistic analyses for multiple organisms within a food web. A case study is provided which compares the estimated versus measured concentrations of five polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in a representative food web from the tidal portion of the Passaic River, New Jersey, USA. The results suggest that the model is accurate within an order of magnitude or less in estimating the bioaccumulation of PCBs in this food web without calibration. The results of a model sensitivity analysis suggest that the input parameters which most influence the output of the model are both chemical and organism specific. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Iannuzzi, T J AU - Harrington, N W AU - Shear, N M AU - Curry, CL AU - Carlson-Lynch, H AU - Henning, M H AU - Su, SH AU - Rabbe, DE AD - ChemRisk registered , 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 1979 EP - 1992 VL - 15 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, New Jersey, Passaic R. KW - aquatic life KW - biological magnification KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - risk KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - estuaries KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Passaic Estuary KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - food chains KW - Brackish KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15903013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Distributions+of+key+exposure+factors+controlling+the+uptake+of+xenobiotic+chemicals+in+an+estuarine+food+web&rft.au=Iannuzzi%2C+T+J%3BHarrington%2C+N+W%3BShear%2C+N+M%3BCurry%2C+CL%3BCarlson-Lynch%2C+H%3BHenning%2C+M+H%3BSu%2C+SH%3BRabbe%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Iannuzzi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1979&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; food chains; pollution effects; water pollution; PCB; bioaccumulation; PCB compounds; risk; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; biological magnification; aquatic life; USA, New Jersey, Passaic R.; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Passaic Estuary; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Individual serum bile acids in apprentice spray painters in association with solvent exposure AN - 15901263; 4036463 AB - The effects of exposure to solvents on serum bile acids were investigated by comparing a group of apprentice vehicle spray painters (exposed group) with one of apprentice electricians. Apprentice spray painters from the study were subdivided into high- and low-solvent-exposure groups. Concentrations of individual serum bile acids (SBA) were measured and compared with conventional liver function tests (LFTs). Total, free, glycine- and taurine-conjugated SBA were consistently found to be present at higher levels in the spray painters than in the electricians, even at the beginning of the apprenticeship. Total SBA tended to increase in spray painters with increasing years of exposure during the apprenticeship, but this was significant at only one time point. No rises were observed over the sampling period in electricians. The mean values of individual and total SBA concentrations were all found to be higher in the high-exposure group than in the low-exposure group, with some differences reaching statistical significance. None of the routine liver biochemistry parameters was different between spray painters and electricians. gamma -Glutamyl transferase (GGT) was the only enzyme found to be significantly different between the high- and low-exposure groups, but all values were within the normal range. This study suggests that occupational exposure even to low levels of solvent mixtures results in increases in SBA. The increased SBA may be indicative of a subclinical liver dysfunction. JF - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health AU - Liu, JJY AU - Bai, Cheng-Long AU - Williamson, A M AU - Qu, Shu-Xin AU - Hamdan, H AU - Stacey, N H AD - Natl. Inst. Occup. Health and Safety, GPO Box 58, Sydney, N.S.W. 2001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 21 EP - 26 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0340-0131, 0340-0131 KW - gamma -glutamyltransferase KW - bile acids KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - sprays KW - acids KW - biochemistry KW - solvents KW - liver KW - paints KW - occupational exposure KW - H SI6.21:PAINT INDUSTRIES KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15901263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Archives+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Individual+serum+bile+acids+in+apprentice+spray+painters+in+association+with+solvent+exposure&rft.au=Liu%2C+JJY%3BBai%2C+Cheng-Long%3BWilliamson%2C+A+M%3BQu%2C+Shu-Xin%3BHamdan%2C+H%3BStacey%2C+N+H&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=JJY&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Archives+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=03400131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - paints; sprays; solvents; occupational exposure; liver; acids; biochemistry; bile acids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Construction of GFP vectors for use in Gram-negative bacteria other than Escherichia coli AN - 15897302; 4035862 AB - A set of vectors containing a mutated gfp gene was constructed for use with Gram-negative bacteria other than Escherichia coli. These constructs were: pTn3gfp for making random promoter probe gfp insertions into cloned DNA in E. coli for subsequent introduction into host strains; pUTmini-Tn5gfp for making random promoter probe gfp insertions directly into host strains; p519gfp and p519ngfp, broad host range mob super(+) plasmids containing gfp expressed from a lac and an npt2 promoter, respectively. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Matthysse, A G AU - Stretton, S AU - Dandie, C AU - McClure, N C AU - Goodman, A E AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 145 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - gfp gene KW - green fluorescent protein KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - cloning vectors KW - promoters KW - gram-negative bacteria KW - probes KW - N 14682:Cloning vectors KW - J 02760:Plasmids KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15897302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Construction+of+GFP+vectors+for+use+in+Gram-negative+bacteria+other+than+Escherichia+coli&rft.au=Matthysse%2C+A+G%3BStretton%2C+S%3BDandie%2C+C%3BMcClure%2C+N+C%3BGoodman%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Matthysse&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cloning vectors; promoters; gram-negative bacteria; probes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shelf life prediction: Status and future possibilities AN - 15869031; 4024209 AB - Although there is rapid progress in the field of chemical detection technology, little of this technology appears to have found application in estimation of the remaining shelf life of foods and early detection of spoilage. Predictive microbiology aims to summarise the probable behaviour of specific spoilage organisms and the progression of spoilage processes in foods. The quantitative knowledge generated in the field of predictive microbiology provides a sound basis for the rational development of devices with which to monitor loss of product shelf life during storage, distribution and retail sale. To predict remaining shelf life accurately it is necessary, however, to consider the microbial ecology of the food system. Aspects of microbial ecology and physiology relevant to the spoilage of foods are briefly reviewed and the potential benefits of the use of predictive microbiology in shelf life estimation are described. These points are exemplified by reference to a modelling program undertaken to develop, validate and 'package' in an easily useable form, models of the effect of temperature, water activity and pH on the growth rate of psychrotrophic spoilage pseudomonads. Necessary properties of devices to monitor loss of shelf life are discussed. 'Bioindicators' are identified as potential monitors of spoilage and suggestions made for their development based on the concept of 'upper limiting bacterial growth' rates, for which preliminary evidence is presented. JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology AU - McMeekin, T A AU - Ross, T AD - Dep. Agric. Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 65 EP - 83 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0168-1605, 0168-1605 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - food spoilage KW - shelf life KW - microorganisms KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15869031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Shelf+life+prediction%3A+Status+and+future+possibilities&rft.au=McMeekin%2C+T+A%3BRoss%2C+T&rft.aulast=McMeekin&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Food+Microbiology&rft.issn=01681605&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Specific spoilage organisms. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - food spoilage; shelf life; microorganisms ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Socio-economics of brood destruction during supersedure in carpenter bee Xylocopa pubescens AN - 15854980; 4019229 AB - In nests of the facultatively social carpenter bee Xylocopa pubescens, both intruders and nestmates destroyed brood during supersedure. However, nestmates and intruders differed with respect to the frequency and the pattern of brood destruction. Intruders destroyed more brood than did nestmates. In addition, intruders appeared to destroy all stages of brood at equal frequencies, whereas nestmates had a preference for opening and thereby destroying newly made cells. Several hypotheses concerning the ultimate reasons for these differences were tested. These differences are not due to either a lack of breeding space, or to an attempt to prevent an imminent loss of dominance. The number of brood cells destroyed by nestmates was not influenced by the degree of relatedness. This indicates that the difference between nestmates and intruders was not based on active kin recognition. The most likely reason why nestmates prefer to open young brood cells is that they can then reallocate the pollen contents of these cells to their own brood. A difference in knowledge about the location of newly made cells may explain the differences in the pattern and the frequency of brood destruction by nestmates and intruders. Furthermore, a superseding nestmate may slightly enhance her average indirect fitness by destroying the brood contents of newly made cells while leaving older brood cells intact. JF - Journal of Evolutionary Biology AU - Hogendoorn, K AD - Flinders Univ. South Australia, Sch. Biol. Sci., GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 931 EP - 952 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 1010-061X, 1010-061X KW - Hymenoptera KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - fitness KW - kin selection KW - Xylocopa pubescens KW - infanticide KW - Apidae KW - Z 05208:Social entomology KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Y 25503:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15854980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.atitle=Socio-economics+of+brood+destruction+during+supersedure+in+carpenter+bee+Xylocopa+pubescens&rft.au=Hogendoorn%2C+K&rft.aulast=Hogendoorn&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=931&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.issn=1010061X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Xylocopa pubescens; Apidae; kin selection; fitness; infanticide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) stocking density in cages on their growth and yield in cages and in ponds containing the cages AN - 15848588; 4016611 AB - An experiment was conducted for 90 days at the Asian Institute of Technology in Thailand to investigate the appropriate stocking density of large Nile tilapia placed in cages in earthen ponds where small Nile tilapia were stocked in open water to utilize the wastes derived from the cages. Large male tilapia (141 plus or minus 11.1-152 plus or minus 2.1 g) were stocked at 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 fish m-3 in 4-m3 net cages. One cage was suspended in each of 15 earthen ponds, and three replicates were used for each density. Small male tilapia (54 plus or minus 2.3-57 plus or minus 1.2 g) were stocked at 2 fish m-3 in open water of all ponds. Caged tilapia were fed twice daily at 3%, 2.5%, and 2% body weight day-1 during the first, second, and third month, respectively, with commercial floating pellets containing 30% crude protein. Water quality was analyzed biweekly. Stocking densities of caged tilapia had significant (P<0.05) effects on the survival, growth, and food conversion ratio of caged tilapia, and on the growth of open-pond tilapia. The survival of caged tilapia decreased from 91.4% plus or minus 5.0 to 57.2% plus or minus 8.1 with increased stocking densities from 30 to 70 fish m-3, while survival of pond tilapia was higher than 90.0% in all treatments. The average treatment mean weights of tilapia harvested from cages ranged from 509 plus or minus 26.0 to 565 plus or minus 13.9 g. The growth of pond tilapia was quite slow, with daily weight gain increasing from 0.30 plus or minus 0.02 to 0.47 plus or minus 0.08 g per fish day-1, in response to increased feed inputs to caged tilapia. The combined net yield of both caged and open-pond tilapia was highest in the treatment with 50 fish m-3. Water quality analyses indicated that the wastes from caged tilapia were insufficient to generate abundant natural food for the growth of open-pond tilapia. JF - Aquaculture AU - Yi, Yang AU - Kwei Lin, C AU - Diana, J S AD - School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 205 EP - 215 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 146 IS - 3-4 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - aquaculture effluents KW - aquaculture techniques KW - cage culture KW - fish culture KW - pond culture KW - stocking density KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Thailand KW - effluents KW - Oreochromis niloticus KW - Q4 27330:Fish culture KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15848588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Influence+of+Nile+tilapia+%28Oreochromis+niloticus%29+stocking+density+in+cages+on+their+growth+and+yield+in+cages+and+in+ponds+containing+the+cages&rft.au=Yi%2C+Yang%3BKwei+Lin%2C+C%3BDiana%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Yi&rft.aufirst=Yang&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; fish culture; effluents; aquaculture techniques; stocking density; aquaculture effluents; cage culture; pond culture; Oreochromis niloticus; Thailand ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic analysis of heterogeneous photocatalysis products of nonylphenol- and primary alcohol ethoxylate nonionic surfactants AN - 15829040; 4009407 AB - Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and primary alcohol ethoxylate (PAE(9-6)) were degraded using heterogeneous photocatalysis. An aqueous surfactant solution (2L, 2000 mg/L) containing TiO sub(2) catalyst (0.1 % w/v) was irradiated with a 400W Blacklight lamp. Analyses of the starting material and degradation intermediates were performed using gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Identified intermediates suggested that the ethylene oxide chain was more susceptible to degradation than aliphatic or aromatic moieties. Competitive degradation was also observed. NPE was degraded more rapidly than PAE(9-6). JF - Chemosphere AU - Sherrard, K B AU - Marriott, P J AU - Amiet, R G AU - McCormick, MJ AU - Colton, R AU - Millington, K AD - Dep. Applied Chem., Royal Melbourne Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 1921 EP - 1940 VL - 33 IS - 10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - degradation KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - photochemical reactions KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - Freshwater KW - gas chromatography KW - chemical reactions KW - chemical analysis KW - photochemistry KW - surfactants KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15829040?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+analysis+of+heterogeneous+photocatalysis+products+of+nonylphenol-+and+primary+alcohol+ethoxylate+nonionic+surfactants&rft.au=Sherrard%2C+K+B%3BMarriott%2C+P+J%3BAmiet%2C+R+G%3BMcCormick%2C+MJ%3BColton%2C+R%3BMillington%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sherrard&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photochemical reactions; gas chromatography; chemical analysis; degradation; chemical reactions; wastewater treatment; surfactants; photochemistry; nuclear magnetic resonance; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace elements and organic matter in a pristine environment: Bathurst Harbour, southwestern Tasmania AN - 15821859; 4007145 AB - Bathurst Harbour and Macquarie Harbour are estuarine systems on the west coast of Tasmania, Australia. While Macquarie Harbour is grossly polluted from mine operations via contamination of the King River, Bathurst Harbour is surrounded by World Heritage wilderness and is essentially free of anthropogenic influences. The vegetation of the catchments of both harbours is similar and the waters of both harbours are deep brown due to the presence of humic substances. A hydrographic survey of the pristine Bathurst Harbour estuarine system was carried out over 4 days in January/February of 1990 (Austral Summer). Sampling and laboratory analyses for a range of trace elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn) were made using non-contaminating procedures. The concentrations of dissolved cadmium (0.02-0.06 nM) and nickel (2.4-4.9 nM) were essentially the same as the total reactive concentrations. A significant fraction of copper and zinc was associated with particles since the concentrations of dissolved copper (2.2-3.7 nM) and zinc (6-45 nM) were often less than the concentrations of total reactive copper (2.7-6.7 nM) and zinc (10-58 nM). The concentrations of copper, cadmium and nickel were comparable with levels in open-ocean seawater. Total reactive concentrations of iron and manganese were very high in the rivers entering Bathurst Harbour (7900 and 124 nM, respectively) and a large fraction of these metals was associated with particulate matter particularly as the salinity increased. The lowest concentrations of iron and manganese were found in filtered waters at salinity (S) approximately 35 (31 and 10 nM, respectively). The large amounts of organic matter draining into the estuarine system have fixed ratios between the fractions: dissolved organic carbon, humic substances, and copper-complexing capacity. This implies that it may be possible to estimate the copper-complexing capacity from a simple measurement of light absorbance. The copper-complexing capacity is a measure of the concentration of organic matter that is able to form strong complexes with copper and its concentration (7-93 nM) was in excess of the total concentration of copper in all samples from this survey. Comparison of results from this survey, with those from Macquarie Harbour in the summer of 1989, provided a clearer assessment of the effects of mining operations on trace metal concentrations in Macquarie Harbour. JF - Science of the Total Environment AU - Mackey, D J AU - Butler, ECV AU - Carpenter, P D AU - Higgins, H W AU - O'Sullivan, JE AU - Plaschke, R B AD - CSIRO Div. Oceanogr., Mar. Labs. GPO Box 1538 Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 137 EP - 151 VL - 191 IS - 1-2 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Australia, Tasmania, Bathurst Harbour KW - PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Bathurst Harbour KW - comparative studies KW - estuarine chemistry KW - mine drainage KW - mine wastes KW - particulate organic matter KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - organic matter KW - PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Macquarie Harbour KW - estuaries KW - trace elements KW - Marine KW - harbors KW - Brackish KW - Australia, Tasmania, Macquarie Harbour KW - trace metals KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15821859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Trace+elements+and+organic+matter+in+a+pristine+environment%3A+Bathurst+Harbour%2C+southwestern+Tasmania&rft.au=Mackey%2C+D+J%3BButler%2C+ECV%3BCarpenter%2C+P+D%3BHiggins%2C+H+W%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+JE%3BPlaschke%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Mackey&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; harbors; particulate organic matter; estuarine chemistry; trace metals; organic matter; trace elements; mine drainage; water pollution sources; mine wastes; PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Macquarie Harbour; Australia, Tasmania, Macquarie Harbour; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enrichment of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis fed an Antarctic bacterium containing polyunsaturated fatty acids AN - 15801408; 3996379 AB - The Antarctic bacterium, strain ACAM 456, is known to produce eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA). Following growth in batch culture, suspensions of this bacterium, at initial concentrations of 107, 108 and 109 cells ml-1, were used as foods for three respective cultures of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. At 6 and 24 h, rotifers were removed, harvested and extracted for analysis of fatty acid composition, which was compared to that of rotifers grown on baker's yeast. Incorporation of EPA, along with bacterial fatty acid markers (i13:0, i15:0 and 14:0), was evidenced at all bacterial food concentrations tested. The highest observed incorporation occurred when rotifers were grown in the medium initially containing 109 bacteria ml-1. After 24 h of feeding, the level of EPA reached 9.4% of total fatty acids in the fed rotifers (6.7 ng of EPA rotifer -1). ACAM 456, a bacterial strain with the ability to produce EPA, was therefore shown to be a potential alternative enrichment food for the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis under feeding conditions that may be applicable to many Australian mariculture operations. JF - Aquaculture AU - Nichols, D S AU - Hart, P AU - Nichols, P D AU - McMeekin, T A AD - Antarctic CRC, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 115 EP - 125 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 147 IS - 1-2 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - Antarctic bacteria KW - animal nutrition KW - aquaculture techniques KW - eicosapentaenoic acid KW - fatty acid composition KW - feeds KW - polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - food organisms KW - bacteria KW - Brachionus plicatilis KW - Rotifera KW - Q4 27340:Other animals KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - Q1 08581:General KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15801408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Enrichment+of+the+rotifer+Brachionus+plicatilis+fed+an+Antarctic+bacterium+containing+polyunsaturated+fatty+acids&rft.au=Nichols%2C+D+S%3BHart%2C+P%3BNichols%2C+P+D%3BMcMeekin%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=147&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - animal nutrition; food organisms; bacteria; aquaculture techniques; polyunsaturated fatty acids; fatty acid composition; feeds; Brachionus plicatilis; Rotifera ER - TY - GEN T1 - Final Report of the Select Subcommittee to Investigate the United States Role in Iranian Arms Transfers to Croatia and Bosnia ("The Iranian Green Light Subcommittee") AN - 1679145581; CO02051 AB - Reports on findings of investigation into President Clinton's policy allowing Iran to ship arms to Bosnia, despite U.N. arms embargo against Bosnia and stated U.S. policy of isolating Iran, and hiding of change from Congress and high-level administration officials; concludes that policy shift "recklessly" endangered U.S. interests. AU - United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Select Subcommittee to Investigate the United States Role in Iranian Arms Transfers to Croatia and Bosnia AD - United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Select Subcommittee to Investigate the United States Role in Iranian Arms Transfers to Croatia and Bosnia PY - 1996 SP - 735 KW - United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations KW - Arms transfers KW - Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - Congressional investigations KW - Covert operations KW - Croatia KW - Iran KW - Sanctions KW - Western Europe KW - Hamilton, Lee H. KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Hastings, Alcee L. KW - Berman, Howard L. KW - Galbraith, John Kenneth KW - Galbraith, Peter W. KW - Hamilton, Lee H. KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Hastings, Alcee L. KW - Berman, Howard L. KW - Galbraith, John Kenneth KW - Galbraith, Peter W. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679145581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Final+Report+of+the+Select+Subcommittee+to+Investigate+the+United+States+Role+in+Iranian+Arms+Transfers+to+Croatia+and+Bosnia+%28%22The+Iranian+Green+Light+Subcommittee%22%29&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+International+Relations.+Select+Subcommittee+to+Investigate+the+United+States+Role+in+Iranian+Arms+Transfers+to+Croatia+and+Bosnia&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House.+Committee+on+International+Relations.+Select+Subcommittee+to+Investigate+the+United+States+Role+in+Iranian+Arms+Transfers+to+Croatia+and+Bosnia&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-10-25&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United Nations; United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Department of Defense; United States. Department of Justice; United States. Department of State; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation; United States. National Security Council; United States. President's Intelligence Oversight Board N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Report N1 - People - Berman, Howard L.; Clinton, William J.; Galbraith, John Kenneth; Galbraith, Peter W.; Hamilton, Lee H.; Hastings, Alcee L. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - IC21: intelligence community in the 21st century AN - 839035425; 1615180 JF - Orbis AU - Berkowitz, Bruce D AU - Berkowitz, Bruce D Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 654 EP - 663 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Political Science KW - Espionage KW - Intelligence services KW - U.S.A. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839035425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Orbis&rft.atitle=IC21%3A+intelligence+community+in+the+21st+century&rft.au=Berkowitz%2C+Bruce+D&rft.aulast=Berkowitz&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=654&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6610 10484; 4392; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparing for the 21st century: an appraisal of U.S. intelligence AN - 839035066; 1615179 JF - Orbis AU - Berkowitz, Bruce D AU - Berkowitz, Bruce D Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 653 EP - 664 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office VL - 40 IS - 4 SN - 0030-4387, 0030-4387 KW - Political Science KW - Espionage KW - Intelligence services KW - U.S.A. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/839035066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Orbis&rft.atitle=Preparing+for+the+21st+century%3A+an+appraisal+of+U.S.+intelligence&rft.au=Berkowitz%2C+Bruce+D&rft.aulast=Berkowitz&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Orbis&rft.issn=00304387&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 6610 10484; 4392; 433 293 14 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Study of Curriculum Reform. [Volume I: Findings and Conclusions.] Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62701192; ED397535 AB - Significant curricular change extends into most other facets of schooling, including teaching, learning, and the school culture. This document reports findings of the Curriculum Reform Project, which conducted case studies of educational reforms in nine middle and senior high schools across the United States; prepared a cross-site analysis of the cases; and identified implications for policy, practice, and research. The focus of this 4-year research project has been curriculum reform, with specific attention to the three areas of science education, mathematics education, and high order thinking across the disciplines. The literature review found that proponents of higher order thinking favor the constructivist learning approach, which requires students to be active builders of their own knowledge and which requires a change in teaching strategies and teachers' roles. The cross-site analysis examined the nature of the curricular reforms, barriers to reforms, and essentials for attaining reform. The technical, political, and cultural dimensions of curricular reform efforts were examined. one conclusion is that reform is ongoing and requires a sufficient length of time. It also requires the provision of time for teachers, changed values and beliefs about the goals of instruction and means for fostering them, collaborative teacher learning, parent learning, new student roles and work, and a systemic view of reform. (Contains 177 references.) (LMI) AU - Anderson, Ronald D. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 112 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents; Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-96-1309 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Curriculum Development KW - School Restructuring KW - Educational Change KW - Case Studies KW - Educational Innovation KW - Change Strategies KW - Resistance to Change KW - Teaching Methods KW - Secondary Education KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Learning Strategies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701192?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volumes I-III of this particular study, see EA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Systemic Reform. [Volume I: Findings and Conclusions.] Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62701163; ED397553 AB - A systemic approach to education reform emerged in the 1990s as one way of addressing policy fragmentation. This volume presents findings of a study that sought to: expand knowledge of state approaches to systemic education reform; examine district, school, and teacher responses to state reform policies in a small number of reforming schools and school districts; identify challenges at the state, district, school, and classroom levels to reforming education; examine the capacity of the educational system to support education reform; and provide guidance to policymakers at all levels of the education system as they design and implement education reform policies. During the first year of study, researchers conducted a review of literature on systemic reform, commissioned four papers, and held a national conference. The second stage involved intensive case studies of 12 reforming schools located in 6 reforming school districts in 3 states undergoing systemic reform--California, Michigan, and Vermont. The case studies targeted mathematics, reading, and writing instruction in grades 4-8. Stage three involved preparing state-level case studies and conducting cross-site analyses. Findings indicate that: (1) coherence among the elements of state education policy seems to facilitate reform in districts and schools; (2) communication about the reform agenda cannot be accomplished from the center only; (3) it takes time for educators to learn new content and approaches and for institutions to change; (4) the goals of reform may need to strike a balance between current and desired practice; (5) deliberate, consistent, and pervasive strategies to ensure equity are necessary; (6) capacity building must take into account organizational and individual needs; (7) consistency, alignment, and coherence may provide opportunities throughout the system, but states and school districts must design and use these systemic tools strategically; (8) capacity-building strategies must accommodate teachers' and administrators' involvement at multiple levels; (9) capacity-building strategies should include diverse populations; and (10) attention should be given to enhancing the capacity of external stakeholders. A total of 25 tables and 2 figures are included. (Contains 99 references.) (LMI) AU - Goertz, Margaret E. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 187 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-96-1322 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Writing Instruction KW - Elementary Education KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Junior High Schools KW - Organizational Development KW - Teacher Effectiveness KW - Middle Schools KW - Classroom Techniques KW - Instructional Innovation KW - Instructional Improvement KW - Reading Instruction KW - State School District Relationship KW - School Restructuring KW - Educational Change KW - Educational Policy KW - Change Strategies KW - Organizational Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701163?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volumes I-III of this particular study, see EA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Study of School-to-Work Reform Initiatives. [Volume I: Findings and Conclusions.] Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62700764; ED397550 AB - The United States is the only industrialized nation in the world that has no institutionalized school-to-work transition system for helping young people move from education to employment. The Academy for Educational Development's National Institute for Work and Learning (AED/NIWL) undertook a 4-year study of school-to-work transition education reform focusing on school-to-work transition reform initiatives. The final of four volumes this volume presents findings, cross-site analysis, and summary of the literature review. It identifies 12 critical elements of successful school-to-work programs: leadership from education system executives and program deliverers, professional development for teachers and staff, cross-sector collaboration, student self-determination, contextually based curriculum and instruction, a variety of work-based learning strategies, an integrated career-information and guidance system, a progressive system that begins as early as elementary or middle schools, postsecondary articulation, creative financing, and application of research. The AED/NIWL research did not conduct any cost analyses of school-to-work reform. Comparative analyses of costs, and more importantly, cost-benefit analyses that take outcomes into account, could clarify the issue of relative costs for policymakers and practitioners. The programs contributed to positive outcomes for students, business, and schools. Two tables are included. (LMI) AU - Charner, Ivan Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 123 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-96-1321 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Cooperative Programs KW - Shared Resources and Services KW - School Business Relationship KW - Employment Potential KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Cooperative Education KW - High Schools KW - Relevance (Education) KW - Self Efficacy KW - Career Planning KW - Labor Force Development KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62700764?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volumes I-III of this particular study, see EA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The Uses of Time for Teaching and Learning. [Volume I: Findings and Conclusions.] Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62699531; ED397562 AB - This study examines three aspects of educational time: (1) quantity of time in school; (2) quality of time in school; and (3) students' uses of out-of-school time. The study identified two types of strategies that altered school uses of time--multiage groupings, and flexible school schedules. It concludes that the decision to increase the quantity of time for teaching and learning represents a hollow goal and can even work against other important changes. Undertaking quick policy fixes to extend the school day or year is ill-advised, particularly without deliberate and consensual assessment. Other findings are that: (1) extending noninstructional time at school has important impacts on students; (2) students are willing to commit their free time to well-conceived and well-structured activities provided through their local schools; (3) flexible schedules are important for schools serving at-risk high school students; (4) the most important commodity in which to invest is time itself; and (5) failure to invest in the necessary resources, particularly time, can doom even the most promising innovations. Two exhibits and two figures are included. (Contains 43 references.) (LMI) AU - Adelman, Nancy E. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 107 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-96-1323 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Mixed Age Grouping KW - Time Blocks KW - Nongraded Instructional Grouping KW - School Schedules KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Flexible Scheduling KW - Student Interests KW - Time Factors (Learning) KW - Public Schools KW - Extended School Year KW - Extended School Day KW - Time Management KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62699531?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volumes I-IV of this particular study, see EA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Assessment of School-Based Management. [Volume I: Findings and Conclusions.] Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62698594; ED397530 AB - This document presents findings of the Assessment of School-Based Management Study, which identified the conditions in schools that promote high performance through school-based management (SBM). The study's conceptual framework was based on Edward E. Lawler's (1986) model. The high-involvement framework posits that four resources must spread throughout the organization: power to make or influence decisions; information upon which good decisions can be made; knowledge and skills to perform effectively including good decision-making and problem-solving skills; and rewards for performance. This volume contains four sections: Section 1 includes an executive summary for the study; section 2 presents a summary review of the SBM literature; section 3 presents an overview of study aims and study questions; and section 4 contains a series of articles that draw on cross-site analyses from the two phases of the study. The study found that SBM requires a redesign of the whole school organization rather than a change in school governance. SBM fails when it is adopted as an end in itself; principals work from their own agenda; decision-making power is centered in a single council; and business continues as usual. Strategies for successful implementation of SBM include: (1) establish multiple teacher-led decision-making teams; (2) focus on continuous improvement with school-wide training in functional and process skills, including training in curricular and instructional areas; (3) create a well-developed system for sharing school-related information among a broad range of constituents; (4) develop ways to more effectively reward staff behaviors oriented toward achieving school objectives; (5) select principals who can facilitate and manage change; and (6) use district, state, and/or national guidelines to focus reform efforts and to target changes in curriculum and instruction. Data were obtained from a review of the literature and from over 500 interviews conducted in 44 schools in 13 school districts. Three tables are included. An annotated bibliography is included. (Contains 20 references.) (LMI) AU - Wohlstetter, Priscilla AU - Mohrman, Susan Albers Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 144 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-96-1325 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Participative Decision Making KW - Educational Change KW - School Based Management KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Performance KW - Educational Assessment KW - Organizational Change KW - Governance KW - Organizational Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62698594?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume III of this particular study, see EA 02 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Early Childhood Reform in Seven Communities: Front-Line Practice, Agency Management, and Public Policy. [Volume I: Final Technical Report.] Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62697523; ED397538 AB - An era of substantial growth in investment of resources, program development, and research has led to tangible gains in the scope and quality of early childhood education programs. However, the system of early childhood education programs is plagued by unequal access and inconsistent, inadequate levels of quality. Additionally, the focus of federal policy debate has shifted from improving specific programs to more global and ideological concerns of federalism and fiscal policy. This study was designed to provide information about the effects of current government policy and funding efforts on the shape and quality of local early childhood agencies. The study analyzed and documented significant local examples of innovative and successful reforms in early childhood services. The document, the first of three in a series, contains an analysis of past research and recent policy trends and presents seven case studies of local early childhood initiatives (including Head Start grantees, local school districts, and child-care agencies). All projects serve children from birth to 5 years of age from families of low to moderate incomes. The programs involve sponsorship by one or more state or federal programs and include a significant component of outreach, involvement, and service to parents and other family members. The report highlights strategies to promote child development, strategies to serve and involve families, management strategies, and policy effects in local agencies. Nine policy recommendations are offered, some of which include: (1) coordinate expansion of federal and state public investment to equalize access to quality early childhood programs; (2) support funding rates that are consistent with program and work-force quality; (3) encourage local and private-sector investment in early childhood services; (4) set program standards that are also flexible for meeting local needs; (5) support local agencies; (6) build a supportive infrastructure and management-development system to support program quality and innovation; (7) create leadership/management development system; (8) ease administrative burdens in administering multiple public early childhood programs; and (9) build community planning and responsibility for each childhood service. To improve practice, the report recommends that program administrators refine and promote teaching excellence within the paradigm of developmentally appropriate practice; continue to foster staff development; promote continuity with elementary schools and successful transitions; encourage adult family members' participation; help staff members negotiate the boundaries between their work and family issues; and define and implement high-quality front-line practices. Three tables are included. (Contains 153 references.) (LMI) AU - Schultz, Tom Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 126 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ORAD-96-1320 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Educational Cooperation KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Program Administration KW - Young Children KW - Family School Relationship KW - Federal Programs KW - Educational Finance KW - Social Services KW - Early Intervention KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62697523?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volumes I-III of this particular study, see EA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Schools and Staffing Survey, 1993-94: Data File User's Manual. Volume 1: Survey Documentation. AN - 62613513; ED402358 AB - The volumes in this User Manual document the data collection of the 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Researchers who are ready to access the data file may go directly to the codebooks for each survey (Volumes II and III for the Restricted-Use and Public-Use versions respectively). This manual focuses on survey documentation, describing SASS components and data collection and analysis. The overall objective of the SASS is to collect the information necessary for a complete picture of American elementary and secondary education. The data collected permit detailed analyses of the characteristics of schools, principals, teachers, and students, and the linkage of SASS components enables researchers to examine relationships among these elements of education. The 1993-94 SASS contained seven surveys consisting of a teacher supply and demand questionnaire, questionnaires about principals, schools, teachers, students, library and media centers, and media specialists and librarians. The eighth component was the teacher followup survey. This report explores survey design and implementation, data collection (including sampling), edit procedures, data imputation procedures, weighting, and aspects of data analysis including variance estimation and reinterview methodology. Seven appendixes to this volume present supplemental details about survey methodology. (Contains 56 tables, 124 appendix tables, and 70 figures.) (SLD) AU - Gruber, Kerry J. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 894 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160489067 KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - Variance (Statistical) KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Principals KW - Student Characteristics KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - National Surveys KW - Media Specialists KW - Research Design KW - User Needs (Information) KW - School Libraries KW - Databases KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Followup Studies KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Teachers KW - School Personnel KW - Data Collection KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62613513?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For a related document, see ED 401 342. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Early Childhood Program Participation Data File User's Manual. National Household Education Survey of 1995. AN - 62604870; ED401343 AB - The 1995 National Household Education Survey (NHES:95) was a random digit dial telephone survey of households developed by the National Center for Education Statistics. The NHES:95 included two topical survey components: the Adult Education component, which collected information about adults' participation in adult education, and the Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP) component, which collected information about children's participation in nonparental child care and early childhood programs. This manual provides documentation and guidance for users of the public release data file for the ECPP component. Information about the purpose of the study, the data collection instruments, the sample design, and data collection and data processing procedures is provided. Some information about factors that should be kept in mind when using ECPP data is also provided. For the ECPP component, interviews were conducted with parents of 14,064 children, a figure that included 101 home schooled children. Four appendixes present screening and study questionnaires, information about the file layout, the Statistical Analysis System code for derived variables, and the ECPP codebook. (Contains 8 tables, 2 figures, and 23 references.) (SLD) AU - Collins, Mary A. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 673 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488982 KW - National Household Education Survey KW - Statistical Analysis System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Research Methodology KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Early Childhood Education KW - National Surveys KW - Research Design KW - User Needs (Information) KW - Telephone Surveys KW - Day Care KW - Research Utilization KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Interviews KW - Parents KW - Data Analysis KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62604870?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Comparison of High School Dropout Rates in 1982 and 1992. Technical Report. AN - 62604562; ED400603 AB - The decade of the 1980s saw great change in the educational system. This report examines the changing demographics of high school students over the last decade and investigates the impact that these changes may have had on high school dropout rates. Specifically, the study examined the changing nature of the high school population during the last decade and describes the different effects of various student-level characteristics on the propensity for students to drop out of school between 1980 and 1982 compared to 1990 and 1992. The report provides data that depict changes in the characteristics of students' families, in students' economic backgrounds, in dropout rates, and in the characteristics of dropouts. Data show that during the 1980s, a growing number of students with characteristics traditionally associated with school failure began attending high school; at the same time, high school dropout rates decreased by almost 50 percent. The declines occurred among students with a variety of characteristics--minority and majority students, students in intact families and nonintact families, and students with children of their own living in their household. Many groups of students traditionally considered "at risk" for school failure dropped out at lower rates in 1990 than in 1980. However, there were other groups of students whose dropout rates did not improve. These were students from poor families, who had histories of poor academic achievement, and who had multiple risk factors in their backgrounds. The study used data on two cohorts of high school sophomores collected by the National Center for Education Statistics--the sophomore cohort of 1980 from the High School and Beyond (HS&B) study, and the sophomore cohort of 1990 from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88). Appendices contain methodological notes, standard error tables, and multivariate analyses. Eight figures and 57 tables are included. (LMI) AU - Kaufman, Phillip Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 119 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488419 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Family Characteristics KW - High Risk Students KW - Dropout Characteristics KW - Student Characteristics KW - Family Structure KW - Dropout Rate KW - Socioeconomic Background KW - Academic Achievement KW - Equal Education KW - Dropouts KW - Demography KW - Dropout Research KW - High Schools KW - Student Attrition KW - High School Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62604562?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Remedial Education at Higher Education Institutions in Fall 1995. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62603826; ED402896 AB - The Survey on Remedial Education in Higher Education Institutions was designed to provide current national estimates about the extent of remediation on college campuses. The study examined participation in college-level remedial education, characteristics of remedial courses and programs, and policies or laws that affect remedial education. Data were collected in Fall 1995 from 3,060 two-year and four-year higher education institutions that enroll freshmen. Seventy-eight percent of the institutions offered at least one remedial course. Remedial reading courses were offered by 57 percent and mathematics courses were offered by about 75 percent of responding institutions. The average number of courses offered was 2.1 for reading, 2.0 for writing, and 2.5 for mathematics. Public two-year institutions offered a much higher average number of remedial courses than other types of institutions. Twenty-nine percent of first-time freshmen enrolled in at least one remedial reading, writing, or mathematics course. Students were most frequently selected by freshmen placement tests. Seventeen tables provide data on the following aspects: participation in college-level remedial education, characteristics of remedial courses and programs, polices or laws affecting remedial education, changes in remedial education since 1983-84 and 1989. A detailed description of the survey and statistical methodologies are provided. The survey questionnaire is appended. (JLS) AU - Lewis, Laurie Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 82 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-97-584 KW - Survey on Remedial Education Higher Education Inst KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Writing Instruction KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Remedial Programs KW - Reading Instruction KW - Colleges KW - Basic Skills KW - Statistical Data KW - Incidence KW - Remedial Instruction KW - Compensatory Education KW - Student Educational Objectives KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62603826?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Helping Your Child Use the Library. AN - 62602914; ED400833 AB - Parents can awaken their children to the joy of learning by encouraging their imagination and curiosity. This booklet is one in a series of topical books written to help parents encourage children to study, learn, and stay in school. All of the books in this series tie in with the National Education Goals for the year 2000. This booklet addresses the following issues: (1) getting children interested in reading (reading aloud to children; encouraging children to read to you; starting a home library; letting them see that you enjoy reading; choosing books you both like; looking for award-winning books; and asking the librarian for help); (2) children visiting the library with parents (including children, even toddlers, in weekly trips to the library; getting children their own library card; and encouraging children to ask for help from the librarian); (3) children visiting the library alone (setting guidelines for behavior and safety); and (4) library services (for preschoolers, including infants, toddlers 18-36 months, and children 3-5 years old; school-aged children, especially ages 7-9; teenagers; and special children, the gifted and the handicapped). A postscript discusses adult services, and a list of books for more information and a list of "What We Can Do To Help Our Children Learn" are provided. (SWC) AU - Perkinson, Kathryn Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 33 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488672 KW - Goals 2000 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Young Children KW - Reading Habits KW - Parent Role KW - Public Libraries KW - Library Services KW - Adults KW - School Libraries KW - Reading Interests KW - Childhood Interests KW - Preadolescents KW - Parent Child Relationship KW - Books KW - Parent Participation KW - Parents as Teachers KW - Literacy KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62602914?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - An update of the 1989 edition, ED 306 954. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - An Exploratory Analysis of Response Rates in the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). AN - 62599924; ED402357 AB - The Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) is a periodic, integrated system of sample surveys on elementary and secondary schools in the United States that collects information on school and district administrators and teachers in public and private schools. This technical report is one in a series of methodological studies relating to the SASS of the National Center for Education Statistics. The report examines nonresponse, not as an indicator of survey data quality, but for the purpose of understanding potential biases in response data with an eye toward changing survey operations in the future. The analysis is exploratory in that it refers to the multivariate analysis of nonresponse. The four main goals of the report are: (1) summarizing known technical and evaluative information about response rates in the 1990-91 SASS round; (2) exploring the differences between respondents and nonrespondents through intensive study of the data; (3) identifying gaps in knowledge about nonresponse; and (4) suggesting priorities for future SASS research. Results indicate that the operation of the SASS is of the highest caliber, but that it can be improved in some ways. Notable among these is the suggestion that the SASS begin a methods test program to keep abreast of the changing nature of school reporting issues. Appendixes present a modeling example and basic response rate tabulations by SASS component. (Contains 87 tables, 7 appendix tables, 31 figures, and 79 references.) (SLD) AU - Scheuren, Fritz Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 224 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488974 KW - Exploratory Data Analysis KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Research Methodology KW - Response Rates (Questionnaires) KW - Educational Finance KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Evaluation Methods KW - Teachers KW - School Personnel KW - Sampling KW - Tables (Data) KW - Statistical Bias UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62599924?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Out-of-Field Teaching and Educational Equality. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62598931; ED402302 AB - This report investigated the extent to which students in public secondary schools are taught by teachers without basic qualifications in their assigned teaching fields--i.e., at least a college minor in the fields they teach--focusing on core academic subjects (mathematics, English, social studies, science). Analysis of the study data revealed that many students are taught by out-of-field teachers: 20 percent in English classes, 25 percent in mathematics, 39 percent in life science or biology, 56 percent in physical sciences classes, and over 50 percent in history or world civilization. Low-income schools had higher levels of out-of-field teaching than did more affluent schools; schools serving predominantly minority student populations did not have higher levels of out-of-field teaching than did schools serving predominantly white students. In several fields, students in both low-track and low-achievement-level classes were more often taught by out-of-field teachers than were students in high-track and high-achievement-level classes; however, predominantly minority classes did not have higher levels of out-of-field teaching than did predominantly white classes. Students in seventh and eighth grade classes were more often taught by out-of-field teachers than were senior high students. Data tables are included. Appendix A contains standard errors; Appendix B lists additional resources on the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey, which served as the basis for the study. (Contains 31 references.) (ND) AU - Ingersoll, Richard M. AU - Gruber, Kerry Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 66 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488338 KW - Out of Field Classes KW - Teacher Knowledge KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Preservice Teacher Education KW - Equal Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Public Schools KW - Teaching Skills KW - Teacher Placement KW - Knowledge Base for Teaching KW - Educational Background KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Tables (Data) KW - Misassignment of Teachers KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62598931?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Fitting the Pieces: Education Reform That Works. Studies of Education Reform. AN - 62598402; ED403662 AB - Nearly all school reforms, regardless of their scope or intended target, share a number of characteristics. This report reviews the essential elements of planning, implementing, and sustaining school reform and presents eight key lessons to guide prospective reformers. The lessons are drawn from 12 major studies of education reform funded by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) between 1990 and 1995. These studies were built around case analyses describing practices that educators could emulate, or at least learn from, if they wanted to undertake work in a particular reform area. The lessons, which emphasize a comprehensive, strategic approach to school reform, center on the issues of leadership, goals, timing, training, flexibility, infrastructure, resource management, and self-assessment. Appendices contain planning guides, worksheets, and a brief description of each of the OERI education reform studies. (Contains 32 references.) (LMI) AU - Klein, Steven Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 51 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488729 KW - Studies of Education Reform (OERI) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - School Restructuring KW - Educational Objectives KW - Educational Change KW - Educational Finance KW - Resource Allocation KW - Educational Planning KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Professional Development KW - Educational Assessment KW - Educational Improvement KW - Leadership UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62598402?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 12 studies of education reform summarized N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dual Relationships in Academia: Dilemmas for Social Work Educators AN - 61608345; 199700722 AB - In addition to acting as teachers, social work educators can play many other roles in relation to their students -- including sexual partner, friend, therapist, or employer. Combining the role of instructor with one of these other roles may lead to ethical violations & dilemmas. Here, educators are urged to consider their power differential & the potential for harm to their students before entering such dual relationships. The National Assoc of Social Workers' Code of Ethics & relevant literature about dual relationships in practice & in academia are reviewed, & examples of dual relationships in social work education discussed. Questions for educators to use in assesssing ethical practice are outlined. 50 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Social Work Education AU - Congress, Elaine P AD - Graduate School Social Service Fordham U, New York NY 10023-7479 Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 329 EP - 338 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 1043-7797, 1043-7797 KW - teacher-student relationships, ethical role violations, social work education KW - literature review KW - Professional Ethics KW - Codes of Conduct KW - Student Teacher Relationship KW - Social Work Education KW - Role Conflict KW - article KW - 6150: social welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61608345?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+Work+Education&rft.atitle=Dual+Relationships+in+Academia%3A+Dilemmas+for+Social+Work+Educators&rft.au=Congress%2C+Elaine+P&rft.aulast=Congress&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Social+Work+Education&rft.issn=10437797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Work Education; Student Teacher Relationship; Professional Ethics; Codes of Conduct; Role Conflict ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Teaching Languages to Students at Risk: A Case Study AN - 58342829; 9707622 AB - To determine the feasibility of including learning-assisted students in foreign-language courses in grades 7 & 8 in the public schools of Australia, learning-assisted students & normal controls (N = 6 each) were compared as to their preferences for learning Indonesian as a foreign language. Through observation, interviews, & a survey it was determined that the learning-assisted students did not like individual or whole class activities, textbooks, grammar, listening, written comprehension exercises, or research assignments. They enjoyed problem-solving, information exchanges, role play, games, designing brochures & posters, singing, & story telling activities. The mainstream controls also disliked texts & research. It was concluded that using a communicative task-based approach to teaching, students with learning problems can acquire a second language given learning conditions conducive to their needs. 8 References. B. Gadalla JF - Babel AU - Gould, Melissa AD - Modern Language Teachers Associations Inc, GPO Box 989 Canberra City ACT 2601 Australia Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 4 EP - 9 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0005-3505, 0005-3505 KW - second-language learning preferences KW - observation/interviews /survey KW - Australian English-speaking learning-assisted 7th/8th students of Indonesian KW - Language Teaching Methods (44100) KW - Second Language Learning (75850) KW - Second Language Instruction (75700) KW - Learning Disabilities (45850) KW - Junior High School Students (40210) KW - article KW - 4112: applied linguistics; non-native language pedagogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58342829?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Babel&rft.atitle=Teaching+Languages+to+Students+at+Risk%3A+A+Case+Study&rft.au=Gould%2C+Melissa&rft.aulast=Gould&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Babel&rft.issn=00053505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - BBELA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Junior High School Students (40210); Language Teaching Methods (44100); Second Language Instruction (75700); Second Language Learning (75850); Learning Disabilities (45850) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multicomponent criteria for predicting carcinogenicity: dataset of 30 NTP chemicals. AN - 21272465; 11701758 AB - This article is in response to the challenge issued to the scientific community by the National Toxicology Program to predict the carcinogenicity potential of 30 chemicals previously selected for long-term carcinogenicity testing. Utilizing the available toxicologic, genetic, and structural information on 30 chemicals previously selected for long-term carcinogenicity testing, we predict that 16 chemicals (53%) would induce some indication of carcinogenic activity in rodents; we further predict that 10 chemicals (33%) would be associated with weak or equivocal carcinogenic responses, and another 4 (13%) would give no indication of carcinogenicity. Our level of certainty is indicated for many of these predictions. Nonetheless, we believe that most instances of guessing whether a chemical would eventually induce cancer in experimental animals and hence represent a carcinogenic hazard to humans are fraught with considerable uncertainty: uncertainty that can only be relieved by long-term testing for carcinogenicity in animals or by conducting an epidemiologic investigation of exposed individuals or groups. We further believe that the day may come when our predictive acumen will be upgraded to such an extent that we might eventually obviate cancer testing. Until then, and in the best interests of public health, however, we urge long term testing of chemicals in animals be continued, at increased pace. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Huff, J AU - Weisburger, E AU - Fung, V A AD - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA., huff1@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1105 EP - 1112 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Cancer KW - Toxicology KW - rodents KW - Public health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21272465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Multicomponent+criteria+for+predicting+carcinogenicity%3A+dataset+of+30+NTP+chemicals.&rft.au=Huff%2C+J%3BWeisburger%2C+E%3BFung%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Huff&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Carcinogenicity; rodents; Toxicology; Cancer; Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytokine production by bronchoalveolar lavage cells in chronic beryllium disease. AN - 21262225; 11701763 AB - Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) begins as a sensitizing cell-mediated immune response to beryllium antigen that progresses to granulomatous lung disease. Previous studies demonstrated the involvement of proinflammatory cytokines in the disease process, but the pattern and regulation of cytokine release is unknown. Using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from CBD patients in short-term tissue culture, we evaluated cytokine protein levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and T-lymphocyte proliferation by tritiated thymidine incorporation. We observed the beryllium-stimulated release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) but not interleukin-4 (IL-4). Beryllium-stimulated IFN-gamma release was sustained to 168 hr in culture, whereas IL-2 concentrations returned to baseline after 24 hr. Neutralization of IL-2 decreased beryllium-stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation, but the level of proliferation remained elevated in comparison to unstimulated BAL cells. These data suggest that T helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes participate in the beryllium disease process; that IFN-gamma levels remain elevated after IL-2 levels return to baseline; and that IL-2 participates directly in beryllium-stimulated T-cell proliferation, but other T-lymphocyte mitogenic cytokines may be involved. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tinkle, S S AU - Schwitters, P W AU - Newman, L S AD - Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA., tinkles@njc.org Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 969 EP - 971 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Interleukin 6 KW - Interleukin 4 KW - Interleukin 2 KW - Helper cells KW - tumors KW - Cell culture KW - Lymphocytes KW - Bronchus KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Cytokines KW - Neutralization KW - Berylliosis KW - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - g-Interferon KW - Data processing KW - Lung diseases KW - Tissue culture KW - Tumor necrosis factor-a KW - Alveoli KW - Inflammation KW - Immune response (cell-mediated) KW - Lung KW - Beryllium KW - Proteins KW - Immune response KW - Cell proliferation KW - Immunoassays KW - Thymidine KW - F 06935:Development, Aging & Organ Systems KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cytokine+production+by+bronchoalveolar+lavage+cells+in+chronic+beryllium+disease.&rft.au=Tinkle%2C+S+S%3BSchwitters%2C+P+W%3BNewman%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Tinkle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=969&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berylliosis; Interleukin 6; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Interleukin 4; Data processing; g-Interferon; Interleukin 2; Helper cells; Lung diseases; Cell culture; Tissue culture; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Alveoli; Inflammation; Immune response (cell-mediated); Bronchus; Beryllium; Lymphocytes T; Cytokines; Cell proliferation; Thymidine; Lung; Proteins; tumors; Lymphocytes; Immune response; Immunoassays; Neutralization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical methods for the blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test. AN - 21261627; 11703659 AB - The blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) is a modification of the standard lymphocyte proliferation test that is used to identify persons who may have chronic beryllium disease. A major problem in the interpretation of BeLPT test results is outlying data values among the replicate well counts (approximately 7%). A long-linear regression model is used to describe the expected well counts for each set of Be exposure conditions, and the variance of the well counts is proportional to the square of the expected count. Two outlier-resistant regression methods are used to estimate stimulation indices (SIs) and the coefficient of variation. The first approach uses least absolute values (LAV) on the log of the well counts as a method for estimation; the second approach uses a resistant regression version of maximum quasi-likelihood estimation. A major advantage of these resistant methods is that they make it unnecessary to identify and delete outliers. These two new methods for the statistical analysis of the BeLPT data and the current outlier rejection method are applied to 173 BeLPT assays. We strongly recommend the LAV method for routine analysis of the BeLPT. Outliers are important when trying to identify individuals with beryllium hypersensitivity, since these individuals typically have large positive SI values. A new method for identifying large Sls using combined data from the nonexposed group and the beryllium workers is proposed. The log(SI)s are described with a Gaussian distribution with location and scale parameters estimated using resistant methods. This approach is applied to the test data and results are compared with those obtained from the current method. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Frome, E L AU - Smith, M H AU - Littlefield, L G AU - Neubert, R L AU - Colyer, S P AD - Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee 37831-6367, USA., fromeel@ornl.gov Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 957 EP - 968 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - hypersensitivity KW - Beryllium KW - Gaussian distribution KW - Lymphocytes KW - Occupational exposure KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Statistical+methods+for+the+blood+beryllium+lymphocyte+proliferation+test.&rft.au=Frome%2C+E+L%3BSmith%2C+M+H%3BLittlefield%2C+L+G%3BNeubert%2C+R+L%3BColyer%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Frome&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hypersensitivity; Beryllium; Gaussian distribution; Lymphocytes; Occupational exposure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs and related environmental compounds: biological markers of exposure and effects. AN - 21253485; 11701760 AB - Lung cancer caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs and related environmental agents is a major problem in industrialized nations. The high case-fatality rate of the disease, even with the best supportive treatment, underscores the importance of primary lung cancer prevention. Development of biomarkers of exposure and effects to PAHs and related compounds is now underway and includes measurement of urinary metabolites of specific PAHs as well as detection of protein and DNA adducts as indicators of effective dose. Validation of these markers in terms of total environmental dose requires that concurrent measures of air levels and potential dermal exposure be made. In addition, the interrelationships between PAH biomarkers must be determined, particularly when levels of the marker in surrogate molecules (e.g., protein) or markers from surrogate tissues (e.g., lymphocyte DNA) are used to assess the risk to the target organ, the lung. Two approaches to biomarker studies will be reviewed in this article: the progress made using blood lymphocytes as surrogates for lung tissues and the progress made developing noninvasive markers of carcinogen-DNA adduct levels in lung-derived cells available in bronchial-alveolar lavage and in sputum. Data are presented from studies in which exfoliated urothelial cells were used as a surrogate tissue to assess exposure to human urinary bladder carcinogens in occupational groups. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Talaska, G AU - Underwood, P AU - Maier, A AU - Lewtas, J AU - Rothman, N AU - Jaeger, M AD - Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical School, Ohio 45267-0056, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 901 EP - 906 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Indicators KW - Metabolites KW - Lymphocytes KW - Carcinogens KW - urinary bladder KW - Exposure KW - prevention KW - Lung cancer KW - Bioindicators KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Organs KW - Cancer KW - Blood KW - Risk KW - Urine KW - Reviews KW - DNA KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Proteins KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+%28PAHs%29%2C+nitro-PAHs+and+related+environmental+compounds%3A+biological+markers+of+exposure+and+effects.&rft.au=Talaska%2C+G%3BUnderwood%2C+P%3BMaier%2C+A%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BRothman%2C+N%3BJaeger%2C+M&rft.aulast=Talaska&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=901&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Metabolites; Carcinogens; Lymphocytes; Organs; Cancer; urinary bladder; Urine; Reviews; DNA; prevention; Proteins; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Lung cancer; Risk; Blood; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Exposure; Indicators ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of rodent carcinogenicity of further 30 chemicals bioassayed by the U.S. National Toxicology Program. AN - 21253414; 11701764 AB - Recently the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) sponsored a comparative exercise in which different prediction approaches (both biologically and chemically based) were challenged for their predictive abilities of rodent carcinogenicity of a common set of chemicals. The exercise enjoyed remarkable scientific success and stimulated NTP to sponsor a second challenging round of tests, inviting participants to present predictions relative to the rodent carcinogenicity of a further 30 chemicals; these are currently being tested. In this article, we present our predictions based on structure-activity relationship considerations. In our procedure, first each chemical was assigned to an activity mechanism class and then, with semiquantitative considerations, was assigned a probability carcinogenicity score, taking into account simultaneously the hypothesized action mechanism and physical chemical parameters. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Benigni, R AU - Andreoli, C AU - Zito, R AD - Laboratory of Comparative Toxicology and Ecotoxicology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy, ita@iss.it Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1041 EP - 1044 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - USA KW - structure-activity relationships KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Structure-activity relationships KW - rodents KW - Toxicology KW - Physical training KW - X 24490:Other KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+rodent+carcinogenicity+of+further+30+chemicals+bioassayed+by+the+U.S.+National+Toxicology+Program.&rft.au=Benigni%2C+R%3BAndreoli%2C+C%3BZito%2C+R&rft.aulast=Benigni&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1041&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcinogenicity; Structure-activity relationships; Physical training; Chemicals; structure-activity relationships; Toxicology; rodents; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of rodent carcinogenicity using the DEREK system for 30 chemicals currently being tested by the National Toxicology Program. The DEREK Collaborative Group. AN - 21251769; 11701762 AB - DEREK is a knowledge-based expert system for the qualitative prediction of toxicity. The DEREK system has been used to predict the carcinogenicity in rodents of the 30 chemicals in the second National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenicity prediction exercise. Seven of the chemicals were predicted to be carcinogens. For 23 chemicals, there was no evidence in the DEREK knowledge base to suggest carcinogenic activity. Supplementary data from a variety of sources have been evaluated by human experts to assess confidence in each DEREK prediction. These sources included standard toxicology reference texts, genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity assay results for each chemical, as well as Salmonella mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data for close structural analogues. This process has led to the proposal of a number of improvements to the DEREK carcinogenicity knowledge base. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Marchant, C A AD - LHASA UK, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, United Kingdom, carol@mi.leeds.ac.uk Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1065 EP - 1073 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Mutagenicity KW - Data processing KW - Genotoxicity KW - Toxicity KW - Carcinogens KW - Physical training KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Expert systems KW - Salmonella KW - Toxicology KW - rodents KW - J 02310:Genetics & Taxonomy KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+rodent+carcinogenicity+using+the+DEREK+system+for+30+chemicals+currently+being+tested+by+the+National+Toxicology+Program.+The+DEREK+Collaborative+Group.&rft.au=Marchant%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Marchant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagenicity; Data processing; Carcinogenicity; Genotoxicity; Expert systems; Carcinogens; Physical training; Chemicals; Toxicity; rodents; Toxicology; Salmonella ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The natural history of beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease. AN - 21251480; 11701759 AB - With the advent of in vitro immunologic testing, we can now detect exposed individuals who are sensitized to beryllium and those who have chronic beryllium disease (CBD) with lung pathology and impairment. Earlier detection and more accurate diagnostic tools raise new questions about the natural history of sensitization and granulomatous disease. Preliminary data suggest that early detection identifies people who are sensitized to beryllium and that these individuals are at risk for progressing into clinical disease. This article discusses the historical, recent, and ongoing studies germane to our understanding of CBD natural history, including the immunologic and inflammatory basis of the disease, the environmental and host risk factors for disease progression, biological markers of disease severity and activity that may help predict outcome, and the implications for broad-based workplace screening to identify patients at the earliest stages of beryllium sensitization and disease. Images Figure 1. A Figure 1. B Figure 1. C Figure 1. D JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Newman, L S AU - Lloyd, J AU - Daniloff, E AD - Departmet of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA., newmanl@njc.org Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 937 EP - 943 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Pathology KW - Lung KW - Beryllium KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+natural+history+of+beryllium+sensitization+and+chronic+beryllium+disease.&rft.au=Newman%2C+L+S%3BLloyd%2C+J%3BDaniloff%2C+E&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Pathology; Lung; Beryllium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The NIEHS Predictive-Toxicology Evaluation Project. AN - 21250941; 11704937 AB - The Predictive-Toxicology Evaluation (PTE) project conducts collaborative experiments that subject the performance of predictive-toxicology (PT) methods to rigorous, objective evaluation in a uniquely informative manner. Sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, it takes advantage of the ongoing testing conducted by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) to estimate the true error of models that have been applied to make prospective predictions on previously untested, noncongeneric-chemical substances. The PTE project first identifies a group of standardized NTP chemical bioassays either scheduled to be conducted or are ongoing, but not yet complete. The project then announces and advertises the evaluation experiment, disseminates information about the chemical bioassays, and encourages researchers from a wide variety of disciplines to publish their predictions in peer-reviewed journals, using whatever approaches and methods they feel are best. A collection of such papers is published in this Environmental Health Perspectives Supplement, providing readers the opportunity to compare and contrast PT approaches and models, within the context of their prospective application to an actual-use situation. This introduction to this collection of papers on predictive toxicology summarizes the predictions made and the final results obtained for the 44 chemical carcinogenesis bioassays of the first PTE experiment (PTE-1) and presents information that identifies the 30 chemical carcinogenesis bioassays of PTE-2, along with a table of prediction sets that have been published to date. It also provides background about the origin and goals of the PTE project, outlines the special challenge associated with estimating the true error of models that aspire to predict open-system behavior, and summarizes what has been learned to date. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bristol, D W AU - Wachsman, J T AU - Greenwell, A AD - Laboratory of Environmental Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA., bristol@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1001 EP - 1010 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - Bioassays KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Environmental health KW - Standards KW - Toxicology KW - Models KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+NIEHS+Predictive-Toxicology+Evaluation+Project.&rft.au=Bristol%2C+D+W%3BWachsman%2C+J+T%3BGreenwell%2C+A&rft.aulast=Bristol&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1001&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcinogenesis; Models; Bioassays; Environmental health; Standards; Toxicology; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protein adduct biomarkers: state of the art. AN - 21249910; 11703660 AB - Covalent protein adducts formed after exposure to xenobiotics may provide readily measurable indicators of these exposures. After adequate characterization of the dose-dependent formation of a specific adduct, the adduct can often be used as a quantitative marker for exposure, DNA adduct formation, or, possibly, risk of disease. By elucidating the structure of an adduct and studying the conditions under which it forms, information about the reactions that lead to its formation can be obtained. Continuing work in this area includes methods to expand the number, types, and levels of chemical exposures that can be studied by covalent adduct formation. In addition to the use of this technology in the field of occupational health, basic research in this area provides insights into metabolic pathways and biochemistry, as well. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Meyer, M J AU - Bechtold, W E AD - Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87115, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 879 EP - 882 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Biochemistry KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Xenobiotics KW - Occupational health KW - Technology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Protein+adduct+biomarkers%3A+state+of+the+art.&rft.au=Meyer%2C+M+J%3BBechtold%2C+W+E&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=879&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Biochemistry; DNA; Proteins; Xenobiotics; Technology; Occupational health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anthocyanin composition and anthocyanin pathway gene expression in grapevine sports differing in berry skin colour AN - 21128215; 11129337 AB - The synthesis of anthocyanins was investigated in six grapevine sports with altered skin colour. Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz grapes contained anthocyanin monoglucosides as well as acetylated and coumarylated derivatives, predominantly of malvidin, whereas Pinot Noir grapes contained only anthocyanin monoglucosides. Fruit of some sports arising from varieties with black berries either lacked anthocyanins or had much lower levels than their progenitors. A bud sport of Cabernet Sauvignon (Bronze Cabernet) exhibited a 90% reduction in anthocyanin levels, but an anthocyanin composition similar to that of the normal Cabernet Sauvignon fruit. The fruit of a white-coloured bud sport of Bronze Cabernet did not contain anthocyanins. Coloured berries of sports originating on varieties with white-skinned berries also had lower levels of anthocyanins than black grapes, but like Pinot Noir contained very low levels of acylated anthocyanins. The berries of these sports also varied in the proportions of the different types of 3-monoglucosides they contained. The results suggest that control of 3-monoglucoside synthesis and modification vary in the sports. The expression of six genes from the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway was determined. Some genes were expressed in all grapes, even where little or no anthocyanins accumulated, but expression of the gene encoding a UDP glucose-flavonoid 3-o-glucosyl transferase (UFGT) was only detected in coloured grapes that synthesised anthocyanins. Southern and northern analysis of the white grapes indicated that the UFGT gene was present but was not expressed. Thus the lack of anthocyanins in white-skinned varieties or sports correlates with a lack of expression of the UFGT gene, although the expression of some other flavonoid pathway genes was also decreased. Manuscript received: 19 October 1996. JF - Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research AU - Boss, P K AU - Davies, C AU - Robinson, S P AD - Cooperative Research Centre for Viticulture, PO Box 145, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia, and CSIRO, Division of Horticulture, GPO Box 350, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia., paul.boss@adl.hort.csiro.au Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 163 EP - 170 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 2 IS - 3 SN - 1322-7130, 1322-7130 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Physical Education Index KW - Anthocyanins KW - Fruits KW - Flavonoids KW - Skin KW - Blacks KW - Sports KW - Gene expression KW - Stem cells KW - Analysis KW - Vitaceae KW - Wine KW - G 07800:Plants and Algae KW - PE 090:Sports Medicine & Exercise Sport Science UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21128215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aphysicaleducation&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Grape+and+Wine+Research&rft.atitle=Anthocyanin+composition+and+anthocyanin+pathway+gene+expression+in+grapevine+sports+differing+in+berry+skin+colour&rft.au=Boss%2C+P+K%3BDavies%2C+C%3BRobinson%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Boss&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Nitrogen+removal+in+baffled+waste+stabilization+ponds&rft.title=Nitrogen+removal+in+baffled+waste+stabilization+ponds&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Physical Education Index N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Skin; Blacks; Analysis; Sports; Gene expression; Anthocyanins; Fruits; Stem cells; Flavonoids; Wine; Vitaceae DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0238.1996.tb00104.x ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic signals in the environment. AN - 21076961; 10996595 AB - Numerous endogenous signals (such as hormones and growth factors) or environmental signals (including chemicals or temperature) contribute to determining the overall biological response produced by cells. Some combinations of endogenous or environmental signals produce synergistic activity. This commentary examines the different types of interactions between signals that contribute to synergy at the biological level. Images Figure 1. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Arnold, S F AU - McLachlan, J A AD - Tulane-Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research, Environmental Endocrinology Project, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1020 EP - 1023 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Temperature KW - growth factors KW - Hormones KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21076961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Synergistic+signals+in+the+environment.&rft.au=Arnold%2C+S+F%3BMcLachlan%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1020&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-12-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Temperature; Hormones; growth factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smart road, smart car: The automated highway system AN - 205344727; 03065665 AB - The National Automated Highway System Consortium is making significant progress toward the development of an automated highway system that will combine intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technologies to maximize safety and efficiency and to reduce congestion and associated costs. JF - Public Roads AU - Congress, Nita Y1 - 1996///Autumn PY - 1996 DA - Autumn 1996 SP - 46 EP - 51 CY - Washington PB - Superintendent of Documents VL - 60 IS - 2 SN - 00333735 KW - Housing And Urban Planning KW - Roads & highways KW - Automation KW - Highway transportation KW - Traffic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/205344727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asciencejournals&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Polprasert%2C+C%3BAgarwalla%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Polprasert&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Significance+of+biofilm+activity+in+facultative+pond+design+and+performance&rft.title=Significance+of+biofilm+activity+in+facultative+pond+design+and+performance&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Central N1 - Copyright - Copyright Superintendent of Documents Autumn 1996 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-21 N1 - CODEN - PUROAQ ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quasi-analytical solution for predicting the redistribution of surface-applied chemicals AN - 15934322; 4052609 AB - We introduce a quasi-analytical solution to predict the redistribution of a surface-applied chemical in the soil profile. The quasi-analytical solution is based on a finite difference scheme of the advection-dispersion transport equation. The solution, however, allows for sorption to the soil matrix and nutrient uptake by the roots. The redistribution of a non-uniform concentration profile is simulated by the method of superposition. Temporal variability of water content, water flux, and dispersion are incorporated into the solution by assuming quasi-steady state flow. The quasi-analytical solution is accurate and simple. This is attractive for scientists and engineers because the redistribution of a chemical can now be predicted with a hand-held calculator. The quasi-analytical solution can be used to study the redistribution of surface-applied chemicals to (1) analyze the efficiency of fertilizer use, and (2) determine leaching losses from the root zone. JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Nachabe, M H AU - Ahuja, L R AD - Asian Inst. Technol., Sch. Civ. Eng., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1659 EP - 1664 VL - 39 IS - 5 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - prediction KW - finite difference methods KW - soil profiles KW - temporal distribution KW - roots KW - mathematical analysis KW - nutrient uptake KW - agrochemicals KW - soil KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - fertilizers KW - sorption KW - leaching KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15934322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Quasi-analytical+solution+for+predicting+the+redistribution+of+surface-applied+chemicals&rft.au=Nachabe%2C+M+H%3BAhuja%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Nachabe&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fertilizers; prediction; finite difference methods; sorption; temporal distribution; leaching; roots; mathematical analysis; agrochemicals; soil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effect of peroxisome proliferators on rat glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes AN - 15866822; 4025524 AB - We have investigated the effects of peroxisome proliferators silvex, nafenopin and diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) on rat liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzyme activities and patterns. Silvex was a more potent in vitro GST inhibitor than nafenopin and DEHP. After 14 days oral administration to rats a reduction in total GST activity was observed, doses of compounds were chosen so that peroxisome proliferation was equivalent between compounds, nevertheless total GST activity was altered to different extents: nafenopin approximately silvex > DEHP approximately control. GST isoenzyme profiles were also altered, the proportion of GST 2-2 increased and 4-4 decreased compared to control levels. The results indicated that: (i) the peroxisome proliferators studied had similar effects on GST isoenzyme profile; (ii) modulation of the GST activity was apparently independent of peroxisome proliferation per se. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Voskoboinik, I AU - Drew, R AU - Ahokas, J T AD - Key Cent. for Applied and Nutr. Toxicol., RMIT-Univ., GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 147 EP - 155 VL - 87 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - rats KW - silvex KW - nafenopin KW - diethylhexylphthalate KW - peroxisome proliferators KW - glutathione transferase KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15866822?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Differential+effect+of+peroxisome+proliferators+on+rat+glutathione+S-transferase+isoenzymes&rft.au=Voskoboinik%2C+I%3BDrew%2C+R%3BAhokas%2C+J+T&rft.aulast=Voskoboinik&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=0080426638&rft.btitle=Electrochemical+precipitation+of+chromium+%28Cr+super%286%2B%29%29+from+an+electroplating+wastewater&rft.title=Electrochemical+precipitation+of+chromium+%28Cr+super%286%2B%29%29+from+an+electroplating+wastewater&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Computerized database for optimal management of community irrigation systems in Thailand AN - 15818585; 4004260 AB - Appropriate information is a pre-requisite for improving the management of irrigation systems. An effort was made to establish the information system required in management of an irrigation unit at the tertiary level (Ban-Rom Water Users' Association, Thailand). A computerized database was developed for use on a microcomputer using the combination of a commercial database management system and a linear programming optimizer. This information system was simple to operate through the use of menu-driven procedures. This database system can replace the previous manual system for data recording and retrieval of information related to the management of agricultural organizations and related irrigation aspects. The optimal solution for cropping pattern and water allocation obtained from the system can be used as a guideline in pre-season planning for irrigation delivery and crop selection. JF - Agricultural Water Management AU - Jiracheewee, N AU - Oron, G AU - Murty, VVN AU - Wuwongse, V AD - Irrigation Eng. and Manage. Prog., Sch. Civ. Eng., AIT, GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 237 EP - 251 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0378-3774, 0378-3774 KW - databases KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - computers KW - linear programming KW - Thailand KW - water allocation KW - optimization KW - water management KW - information systems KW - irrigation systems KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15818585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.atitle=Computerized+database+for+optimal+management+of+community+irrigation+systems+in+Thailand&rft.au=Jiracheewee%2C+N%3BOron%2C+G%3BMurty%2C+VVN%3BWuwongse%2C+V&rft.aulast=Jiracheewee&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agricultural+Water+Management&rft.issn=03783774&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computers; irrigation systems; water management; linear programming; information systems; optimization; water allocation; Thailand ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foraging ecology of gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua at Macquarie Island during the period of chick care AN - 15793246; 3995227 AB - The diet, diving behaviour, swimming velocity and foraging range of gentoo penguins Pygoscelis papua were studied at Macquarie Island during the breeding season in the 1993-1994 austral summer. Gentoo penguins are considered to be inshore feeders, and at Macquarie Island the diet and estimated foraging ranges supported this. The diet consisted of 91.6% fish and 8.3% squid, by mass. The dominant prey taxa were the fish Gymnoscopelus sp. and Paranotothenia magellanica. A mixture of pelagic and benthic prey was consumed, with a greater proportion of benthic species occurring later in the season. The penguins exhibited a strong diurnal pattern in their diving behaviour. Deep diving ( greater than or equal to 30 m) began near sunrise (03.00 h) and finished close to sunset (21.00 h). Diving at night was less common and very shallow (<10 m). Early in the breeding season, dive profiles indicated that birds were probably following vertically migrating pelagic prey through the water column and were foraging in waters over 100 m deep. Later in the season, more uniform, shallower depths were used, suggesting an increase in benthic foraging activity. These changes in dive pattern and depth were consistent with the habitat preferences of prey species found in the diet. Gentoo penguins swam at 1.04 m per s and had a maximum potential foraging range of about 26 km for single-day trips. They tended to forage within 14 km of the colony, with a mean range of 5.4 km. This range encompassed the deep ocean habitat to the west and east of the island and a shallow area to the north. JF - Ibis AU - Robinson, SA AU - Hindell, MA AD - Dep. Zool., Univ. Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia 7001 Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 722 EP - 731 VL - 138 IS - 4 SN - 0019-1019, 0019-1019 KW - PSE, South Pacific, Macquarie Is. KW - diving behavior KW - feeding behaviour KW - food selection KW - marine birds KW - prey selection KW - swimming behavior KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - home range KW - Macquarie I. KW - Pygoscelis papua KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Y 25496:Birds KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15793246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ibis&rft.atitle=Foraging+ecology+of+gentoo+penguins+Pygoscelis+papua+at+Macquarie+Island+during+the+period+of+chick+care&rft.au=Robinson%2C+SA%3BHindell%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=722&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ibis&rft.issn=00191019&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - prey selection; feeding behaviour; home range; marine birds; food selection; diving behavior; swimming behavior; Pygoscelis papua; Macquarie I.; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence and Determinants of Lead Intoxication in Mexican Children of Low Socioeconomic Status AN - 14450413; 10528030 AB - Figures for the incidence of lead poisoning in children aged 1-5 years living in a marginal area north of Mexico City, Mexico, are examined. The potential sources of Pb contamination affecting these children are identified. Researchers found that 67.5% of the children who participated in the study had blood Pb levels of greater than 10 mu g/100 ml. Of these children, 21% had blood Pb levels which required medical evaluation. A total of 112 children from the region of study required medical treatment for Pb poisoning. The highest probabilities of high blood Pb levels were associated with families that used lead-glazed pottery dishware and with children who habitually chewed on colored pencils. These data were used to determine baseline costs for population-based intervention programs. More public education is needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lopez-Carrillo, Lizbeth AU - Torres-Sanchez, Luisa AU - Garrido, Francisco AU - Papaqui-Hernandez, Joaquin AU - Palazuelos-Rendon, Eduardo AU - Lopez-Cervantes, Malaquias Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1208 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - EDUCATION, PUBLIC KW - LEAD POISONING KW - MEXICO KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14450413?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Prevalence+and+Determinants+of+Lead+Intoxication+in+Mexican+Children+of+Low+Socioeconomic+Status&rft.au=Lopez-Carrillo%2C+Lizbeth%3BTorres-Sanchez%2C+Luisa%3BGarrido%2C+Francisco%3BPapaqui-Hernandez%2C+Joaquin%3BPalazuelos-Rendon%2C+Eduardo%3BLopez-Cervantes%2C+Malaquias&rft.aulast=Lopez-Carrillo&rft.aufirst=Lizbeth&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LEAD POISONING; MEXICO; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; PUBLIC HEALTH; EDUCATION, PUBLIC ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Skin and Liver Diseases Induced in Flounder (Platichthys flesus) After Long-Term Exposure to Contaminated Sediments in Large-Scale Mesocosms AN - 14450162; 10528032 AB - The development of skin and liver diseases in flounder (Platichthys flesus) was analyzed for a three-year period in three large mesocosms. The sands in two of the mesocosms were clean. The third mesocosm, which was stocked with contaminated dredged spoil, shared a common water circulation with one of the other mesocosms. This situation resulted in one of the clean mesocosms being contaminated via the water phase. Samples of sediments and flounder tissues collected from this semi-contaminated mesocosm exhibited contaminant levels intermediate between the concentrations found in samples from the other mesocosms. Flounder from the three mesocosms were examined every two months for several epidermal diseases, including lymphocystis, skin ulcers, and fin rot. Other fish were sacrificed for histological and chemical assessments. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Vethaak, AD AU - Jol, Johan G AU - Meijboom, Andre AU - Eggens, Martin L AU - ap Rheinallt, Tristan AU - Wester, Peter W AU - van de Zande, Ton Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1218 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOLOGY, FISH KW - SEDIMENT KW - ECOLOGY, MARINE KW - MARINE POLLUTION RESEARCH KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14450162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Skin+and+Liver+Diseases+Induced+in+Flounder+%28Platichthys+flesus%29+After+Long-Term+Exposure+to+Contaminated+Sediments+in+Large-Scale+Mesocosms&rft.au=Vethaak%2C+AD%3BJol%2C+Johan+G%3BMeijboom%2C+Andre%3BEggens%2C+Martin+L%3Bap+Rheinallt%2C+Tristan%3BWester%2C+Peter+W%3Bvan+de+Zande%2C+Ton&rft.aulast=Vethaak&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGY, FISH; SEDIMENT; ECOLOGY, MARINE; MARINE POLLUTION RESEARCH; DISEASES AND DISORDERS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is Sperm Motility Maturation Affected by Static Magnetic Fields? AN - 14449738; 10528031 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tablado, Lourdes AU - Perez-Sanchez, Francisco AU - Soler, Carles Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1212 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOLOGY, ANIMAL KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL KW - RODENTS KW - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14449738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Is+Sperm+Motility+Maturation+Affected+by+Static+Magnetic+Fields%3F&rft.au=Tablado%2C+Lourdes%3BPerez-Sanchez%2C+Francisco%3BSoler%2C+Carles&rft.aulast=Tablado&rft.aufirst=Lourdes&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1212&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGY, ANIMAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; RODENTS; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cancer in Man AN - 14448948; 10528028 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mastrangelo, Giuseppe AU - Fadda, Emanuela AU - Marzia, Vita Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1166 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14448948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+and+Cancer+in+Man&rft.au=Mastrangelo%2C+Giuseppe%3BFadda%2C+Emanuela%3BMarzia%2C+Vita&rft.aulast=Mastrangelo&rft.aufirst=Giuseppe&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1166&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rodent Cell Transformation and Immediate Early Gene Expression Following 60-Hz Magnetic Field Exposure AN - 14448473; 10528029 AB - Several recent epidemiological assessments have found that exposures to power frequency magnetic fields (MFs) may result in higher rates of cancer in humans. However, this issue remains highly controversial as the database is fairly limited. Results from tests conducted to examine the contention that 60-Hz MF action at the cellular level can generate alterations in gene formation leading to neoplastic transformation are examined. Negative results were obtained in two standard transformation systems subjected to a 24-hour continuous exposure to power frequency MFs. These results prompted researchers to reinvestigate previous findings that confirmed MF-induced alterations in gene expressions in human HL60 cells. These findings cast significant doubt on the role of MF in carcinogenesis for the test cells and conditions investigated. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Balcer-Kubiczek, Elizabeth K AU - Zhang, Xiao-Feng AU - Harrison, George AU - McCready, Welton A AU - Shi, Zhong-Ming AU - Han, Lin-Huang AU - Abraham, John M Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1188 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - BIOLOGY, HUMAN KW - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14448473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rodent+Cell+Transformation+and+Immediate+Early+Gene+Expression+Following+60-Hz+Magnetic+Field+Exposure&rft.au=Balcer-Kubiczek%2C+Elizabeth+K%3BZhang%2C+Xiao-Feng%3BHarrison%2C+George%3BMcCready%2C+Welton+A%3BShi%2C+Zhong-Ming%3BHan%2C+Lin-Huang%3BAbraham%2C+John+M&rft.aulast=Balcer-Kubiczek&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 10 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION; CANCER RISK; PUBLIC HEALTH; BIOLOGY, HUMAN; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenin Induction and Reduced Serum Testosterone Concentrations in Feral Male Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Captured near a Major Metropolitan Sewage Treatment Plant AN - 14437963; 10526814 AB - Male carp were collected from two Mississippi River locations below the St. Paul, MN, sewage-treatment plant and from a tributary receiving agricultural runoff, and serum samples were examined in terms of vitellogenin and testosterone. The analytical procedures used are described. Results indicated a pronounced estrogenic effect associated with exposure to the effluents, as shown by vitellogenin production and depressed serum testosterone concentrations in male carp. No vitellogenin production was found in carp collected from the tributary, although they did exhibit depressed serum testosterone concentrations. The data indicated that the estrogen/androgen ratio was a sensitive marker of abnormal serum sex steroid concentrations. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Folmar, Leroy C AU - Denslow, Nancy D AU - Rao, Vijayasri AU - Chow, Marjorie AU - Crain, DAndrew AU - Enblom, Jack AU - Marcino, Joseph Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1096 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - WASTEWATER DISPOSAL KW - CARP KW - HORMONES KW - BLOOD ANALYSIS KW - MISSISSIPPI RIVER KW - WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437963?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Vitellogenin+Induction+and+Reduced+Serum+Testosterone+Concentrations+in+Feral+Male+Carp+%28Cyprinus+carpio%29+Captured+near+a+Major+Metropolitan+Sewage+Treatment+Plant&rft.au=Folmar%2C+Leroy+C%3BDenslow%2C+Nancy+D%3BRao%2C+Vijayasri%3BChow%2C+Marjorie%3BCrain%2C+DAndrew%3BEnblom%2C+Jack%3BMarcino%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=Leroy&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - WASTEWATER DISPOSAL; CARP; BLOOD ANALYSIS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary and Environmental Determinants of Blood and Bone Lead Levels in Lactating Postpartum Women Living in Mexico City AN - 14437916; 10526811 AB - Results are presented from a pilot study of the determinants of blood and bone lead levels among postpartum women living in Mexico City. Women were recruited from maternity hospitals, and questionnaires were used to elicit data on the use of Pb-glazed ceramics, exposure to Pb paint, history of occupational exposure, and dietary calcium intake. Results indicated that bone Pb concentrations varied according to different environmental and dietary variables. A strong positive linear relationship was found between the amount of time participants had lived in Mexico City and Pb concentration in tibia and patella. The mobilization of Pb from trabecular bone stores was found to contribute significantly to circulating Pb levels in the lactating women. The data also suggested that low dietary Ca enhanced Pb absorption and bone Pb deposition. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio AU - Gonzalez-Cossio, Teresita AU - Palazuelos, Eduardo AU - Romieu, Isabelle AU - Aro, Antonio AU - Fishbein, Eugenia AU - Peterson, Karen E Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1076 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LACTATION KW - CALCIUM KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - SOURCE MEASUREMENT KW - MEXICO KW - FOOD SUPPLEMENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dietary+and+Environmental+Determinants+of+Blood+and+Bone+Lead+Levels+in+Lactating+Postpartum+Women+Living+in+Mexico+City&rft.au=Hernandez-Avila%2C+Mauricio%3BGonzalez-Cossio%2C+Teresita%3BPalazuelos%2C+Eduardo%3BRomieu%2C+Isabelle%3BAro%2C+Antonio%3BFishbein%2C+Eugenia%3BPeterson%2C+Karen+E&rft.aulast=Hernandez-Avila&rft.aufirst=Mauricio&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1076&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LACTATION; CALCIUM; MEXICO; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; SOURCE MEASUREMENT; FOOD SUPPLEMENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to Pesticides and Cryptorchidism: Geographical Evidence of a Possible Association AN - 14437491; 10526813 AB - The number of new chemicals, including pesticides, that may mimic the action of endogenous estrogens is increasing rapidly. A study was conducted in Granada, Spain, to assess the relationship between differences in the distribution and frequency of cryptorchidism throughout the province and differences in exposure to pesticides. Data were compiled for males who underwent surgery for orchidopexy between 1980 and 1991. The orchidopexy rates and inpatient control rates were calculated for each municipality, health-care district, and level of pesticide use. Results showed that orchidopexy rates tended to be higher in districts where intensive farming was widespread, particularly in the city of Granada. Regression analysis of the data revealed that the strength of the association between orchidopexy and the level of pesticide use tended to increase with higher levels of pesticide use. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Garcia-Rodriguez, Jose AU - Garcia-Martin, Miguel AU - Nogueras-Ocana, Mercedes AU - de Dios Luna-del-Castillo, Juan AU - Garcia, Miguel Espigares AU - Olea, Nicolas AU - Lardelli-Claret, Pablo Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1090 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SPAIN KW - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN KW - HORMONES KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - AREA COMPARISONS KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+Pesticides+and+Cryptorchidism%3A+Geographical+Evidence+of+a+Possible+Association&rft.au=Garcia-Rodriguez%2C+Jose%3BGarcia-Martin%2C+Miguel%3BNogueras-Ocana%2C+Mercedes%3Bde+Dios+Luna-del-Castillo%2C+Juan%3BGarcia%2C+Miguel+Espigares%3BOlea%2C+Nicolas%3BLardelli-Claret%2C+Pablo&rft.aulast=Garcia-Rodriguez&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1090&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AREA COMPARISONS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SPAIN; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water AN - 14437190; 10526809 AB - Four recent epidemiological studies have reported associations between the consumption of chlorinated drinking water and reproductive or development effects. The available epidemiologic data are reviewed to assess the hazard potential suggested by the data, to identify critical data gaps, and to recommend further short- and long-term research. It is argued that, as a group, these studies suffer from a number of methodological weaknesses that limit the interpretability of the findings. A series of short-term projects are described, which could strengthen the interpretation of existing studies and guide the design of subsequent work. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Reif, John S AU - Hatch, Maureen C AU - Bracken, Michael AU - Holmes, Lewis B AU - Schwetz, Bernard A AU - Singer, Philip C Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1056 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - TRIHALOMETHANE KW - CHLORINATION KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - DISINFECTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+and+Developmental+Effects+of+Disinfection+By-Products+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Reif%2C+John+S%3BHatch%2C+Maureen+C%3BBracken%2C+Michael%3BHolmes%2C+Lewis+B%3BSchwetz%2C+Bernard+A%3BSinger%2C+Philip+C&rft.aulast=Reif&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1056&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; CHLORINATION; BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN; DISINFECTION; WATER, DRINKING; TRIHALOMETHANE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Tar Fraction of Cigarette Smoke Does Not Promote Arteriosclerotic Plaque Development AN - 14437002; 10526816 AB - Plaque-promotion experiments were conducted to examine the impact of the tar fraction of cigarette smoke. Either solubilized concentrated tar or a PAH carcinogen was injected into cockerels. The model PAH used was 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The number of plaques per cockerel and the numbers of plaque-containing segments per cockerel in each treatment group were compared by ANOVA. No significant effect of treatment was found in terms of the number of plaques per cockerel or on the number of aortic segments with measurable plaque per cockerel. DMBA treatment resulted in a significant increase in plaque size compared to the tar fraction. These findings suggested that the primary arteriosclerotic plaque-promoting components of cigarette smoke are in the vapor phase. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Penn, Arthur AU - Keller, Kit AU - Snyder, Carroll AU - Nadas, Arthur AU - Chen, Lung Chi Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1108 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HEART DISEASE KW - BIOASSAY KW - CIGARETTE SMOKE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14437002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Tar+Fraction+of+Cigarette+Smoke+Does+Not+Promote+Arteriosclerotic+Plaque+Development&rft.au=Penn%2C+Arthur%3BKeller%2C+Kit%3BSnyder%2C+Carroll%3BNadas%2C+Arthur%3BChen%2C+Lung+Chi&rft.aulast=Penn&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEART DISEASE; BIOASSAY; CIGARETTE SMOKE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to Mercury Alters Early Activation Events in Fish Leukocytes AN - 14436964; 10526815 AB - Results are presented from a study that explored the possibility that mercury might have a biphasic, dose-dependent effect on cells of the red drum immune system. Responses to in vitro Hg exposure were evaluated by monitoring DNA synthesis as well as tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium flux. The experimental protocol is detailed. Resulting data showed that concentrations of inorganic Hg greater than 10 mu M suppressed DNA synthesis and induced rapid influx of Ca. Lower concentrations also induced a slow sustained rise in intracellular Ca in cells, but did not produce detectable tryosine phosphorylation of leukocyte proteins. The extent to which sufficient free Hg may be available in vivo to alter the activation state of the immune system remains to be determined. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - MacDougal, Kent C AU - Johnson, Matthew D AU - Burnett, Karen G Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1102 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CALCIUM KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, FISH KW - PROTEIN SYNTHESIS KW - IMMUNE RESPONSE KW - FISH, SALTWATER KW - DNA KW - MERCURY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14436964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+Mercury+Alters+Early+Activation+Events+in+Fish+Leukocytes&rft.au=MacDougal%2C+Kent+C%3BJohnson%2C+Matthew+D%3BBurnett%2C+Karen+G&rft.aulast=MacDougal&rft.aufirst=Kent&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CALCIUM; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, FISH; FISH, SALTWATER; DNA; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; MERCURY; IMMUNE RESPONSE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Environmental Chemicals with Estrogenic Activity Using a Combination of in Vitro Assays AN - 14436919; 10526812 AB - The results of three in vitro assays were compared, which measured aspects of human estrogen receptor-mediated estrogenicity of environmental chemicals. The chemicals were tested in the yeast estrogen screen, in a competition-binding assay, and in the estrogen-responsive MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line transiently transfected with a plasmid containing two estrogen-response elements linked to the luciferase gene. The results of each assay are presented, showing that o,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDD exhibited estrogenic activity. The advantages of this three-tiered approach are discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Klotz, Diane M AU - Beckman, Barbara S AU - Hill, Steven M AU - McLachlan, John A AU - Walters, Marian R AU - Arnold, Steven F Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1084 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS KW - DDT KW - BIOASSAY KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14436919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xv%2B30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Plants%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+International+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+New+Varieties+of+Plants+of+December+2%2C+1961%2C+as+revised+at+Geneva+on+November+10%2C+1972%2C+on+October+23%2C+1978%2C+and+on+March+19%2C+1991%2C+and+signed+by+the+United+States+on+October+25%2C+1991&rft.title=Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Plants%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+International+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+New+Varieties+of+Plants+of+December+2%2C+1961%2C+as+revised+at+Geneva+on+November+10%2C+1972%2C+on+October+23%2C+1978%2C+and+on+March+19%2C+1991%2C+and+signed+by+the+United+States+on+October+25%2C+1991&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; DDT; BIOASSAY; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blood Lead Levels in Pregnant Women of High and Low Socioeconomic Status in Mexico City AN - 14436280; 10526810 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Farias, Paulina AU - Borja-Aburto, Victor H AU - Rios, Camilo AU - Hertz-Picciotto, Irva AU - Rojas-Lopez, Magdalena AU - Chavez-Ayala, Ruben Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1070 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT KW - CALCIUM KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - PREGNANCY KW - MEXICO KW - NUTRITION KW - FOOD SUPPLEMENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14436280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Blood+Lead+Levels+in+Pregnant+Women+of+High+and+Low+Socioeconomic+Status+in+Mexico+City&rft.au=Farias%2C+Paulina%3BBorja-Aburto%2C+Victor+H%3BRios%2C+Camilo%3BHertz-Picciotto%2C+Irva%3BRojas-Lopez%2C+Magdalena%3BChavez-Ayala%2C+Ruben&rft.aulast=Farias&rft.aufirst=Paulina&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1070&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT; CALCIUM; MEXICO; PREGNANCY; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; NUTRITION; FOOD SUPPLEMENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Results of Lead Research: Prenatal Exposure and Neurological Consequences AN - 14436274; 10526808 AB - An overview is presented of research conducted in the area of lead toxicity. The most significant accomplishments have concerned the effects of low-level exposures to Pb on the cognitive and behavioral development of young children. The continuing risks to Pb exposure and toxicity are highlighted, and the risk factors for prenatal exposure, central nervous system and birth outcomes from this exposure, and mechanisms for neurological effects of Pb exposure are outlined. The data show that the developing nervous system is particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of Pb, with a large number of these effects due to interference by Pb with biochemical functions that are dependent on calcium ions, and to impairment of neuronal connections dependent on dendritic pruning. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Goyer, Robert A Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 1050 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - NEUROTOXICITY KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - LEAD KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14436274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Results+of+Lead+Research%3A+Prenatal+Exposure+and+Neurological+Consequences&rft.au=Goyer%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Goyer&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1050&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; NEUROTOXICITY; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; LEAD; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - GEN T1 - Access to the Information Superhighway and Emerging Information Technologies by People with Disabilities. AN - 62602939; ED400658 AB - This report discusses the growth of the National Information Infrastructure (NII), or the information superhighway, and its implications for people with disabilities. Advantages for people with disabilities include: increasing the ability of individuals with some types of disabilities to access and use information; decreasing personal isolation due to mobility and communication restrictions; allowing individuals to interact with others in a way that makes their disability invisible or irrelevant; and allowing convenient access to educational and medical services. The barriers to the NII include: socioeconomic barriers; the complexity in the design of many products; the use of graphic interfaces; the use of touchscreens and pointing interfaces where alternate input techniques are not available; virtual environments; sound; animation and interactive systems; and the sealed nature of public systems that must have built-in access accommodations if they are to be made accessible. The report makes recommendations on how facets of the NII can be modified to allow greater access by those with disabilities and strategies that can be used to achieve changes. A list of 17 additional readings is included. An appendix describes the mission of the National Council on Disability. (CR) Y1 - 1996/09/30/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 30 SP - 95 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488346 KW - National Information Infrastructure KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Technological Advancement KW - Accessibility (for Disabled) KW - Computer Networks KW - Information Technology KW - Information Sources KW - Access to Information KW - Disabilities KW - Change Strategies KW - Internet KW - Information Networks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62602939?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - A Program Overview with Emphasis upon Cooperative Arrangements with the Canadian National Institute for the Blind. AN - 62611408; ED400665 AB - This report describes activities of the talking-book program of the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS) of the Library of Congress, with emphasis on activities conducted in cooperation with the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) library program. First, the overall NLS program in the U.S. which circulates more than 23 million items and produces 2 million recordings of 2,000 print books a year as well as audio magazines and braille magazines is described. The paper reviews the history of the service since 1931, its collection, the equipment the library has designed and lends to eligible readers, and the library's distribution network. The report then details Canada/U.S. cooperative activities in the following areas: sale of audio/braille books; sale of audio/braille magazines; purchase of CNIB books by NLS; sale of audiocassette containers; maintenance of a Union Catalog of special-format books; development of a Birdsong Tutor program; development of the Reader Enrollment and Delivery System program; development of a "train the trainer" volunteer repair program; relationships between the Braille Departments of both institutions; the convening of an international conference; cooperation on advisory/technical committees; development of Friends of Libraries programs; and cooperation on copyright issues. (DB) AU - Cylke, Frank Kurt Y1 - 1996/09/29/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 29 SP - 25 KW - Canada KW - Canadian National Institute for the Blind KW - National Library Service for the Blind KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Cooperative Programs KW - Delivery Systems KW - Special Libraries KW - Library Services KW - Blindness KW - National Libraries KW - Braille KW - International Cooperation KW - Program Development KW - Talking Books KW - Audiotape Recordings KW - Physical Disabilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62611408?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Paper presented at a meeting of the Canadian Natio N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Nonlegislative Report of the Subcommittee on Courts and Intellectual Property Committee on the Judiciary. U.S. House of Representatives. AN - 62595946; ED401881 AB - Under the Copyright Act of 1976, "fair use" exemption places a limit on the exclusive rights of copyright owners to promote free speech, learning, scholarly research and open discussion. The Consortium of College and University Media Centers (CCUMC) convened a diverse group of interested parties to draft guidelines which would provide guidance on the application of the fair use exemption by educators, scholars, and students in creating multimedia projects that include portions of copyrighted works, for their use in noncommercial educational activities, without having to seek the permission of copyright owners. These guidelines form the body of this nonlegislative report. The guidelines, which do not represent a legal document, nor are they legally binding, represent an agreed upon interpretation of the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act by the overwhelming majority of the institutions and organizations affected by educational multimedia. A list of those organizations who have supplied written endorsements appears at the end of the guidelines. There is a relative degree of certainty that a use within the guidelines will not be perceived as an infringement of the Copyright Act by the endorsing copyright owners, and that permission for such use will not be required. The more one exceeds the guidelines, the greater the risk that the use of a work is not a fair use, and permission should be sought. The guidelines contain six sections: (1) Introduction; (2) Preparation of Educational Multimedia Projects Under These Guidelines; (3) Permitted Educational Uses for Multimedia Projects Under These Guidelines; (4) Limitations; (5) Examples of When Permission Is Required; and (6) Important Reminders. Appendixes contain lists of organizations endorsing the guidelines and organizations participating in the development of the guidelines. (Author/AEF) Y1 - 1996/09/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 27 SP - 13 KW - Congress 104th KW - Copyright Law 1976 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Instructional Materials KW - Fair Use (Copyrights) KW - Information Sources KW - Reprography KW - Guidelines KW - Ownership KW - Multimedia Materials KW - Educational Media UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62595946?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1996. Senate, 104th Congress, 2d session. Report Together with Additional Views To Accompany S. 1952. AN - 62598111; ED405522 AB - Existing U.S. Federal law has not been sufficiently effective in preventing youth violence or in ensuring the punishment of juvenile offenders. Young people are the most violent segment of American society, and there is little reason to believe that a continuation of present Federal policy is likely to reduce youth crime. Bill S. 1952 seeks to make significant changes in the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. The legislation: (1) makes changes designed to ensure that the Federal Government's policy toward youth violence is focused on those activities that the Federal Government can perform best, that are appropriately Federal, and that would be unlikely to be undertaken by state or local levels of government; (2) eliminates many bureaucratic and procedural requirements of current law; (3) reauthorizes the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act and Missing Children's Assistance Act; and (4) repeals authorizations for programs for which there is little or no evidence of success in preventing youth violence and reallocates those funds. The contents of this legislative report, submitted by Mr. Hatch from the Committee on the Judiciary, are: (1) Purpose; (2) Legislative history; (3) Discussion; (4) Vote of the Committee; (5) Section-by-section analysis; (6) Cost estimate; (7) Regulatory impact statement; (8) Additional views of Messrs. Kennedy and Feingold; (9) Additional views of Mr. Kohl; and (10) Changes in existing law. (JBJ) Y1 - 1996/09/16/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 16 SP - 112 KW - Congress 104th KW - Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act 1974 KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Legislation KW - Policy Formation KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Delinquency Prevention KW - Public Policy KW - Violence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62598111?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Monitoring of Student Right To Know and Campus Security Act of 1990. Report To Accompany H. Res. 470. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, 2d Session. AN - 62593026; ED399917 AB - This report to accompany House Resolution 470 expresses the sense of Congress that the Department of Education should play a more active role in the monitoring of and enforcing compliance with the Higher Education Act of 1965 related to campus crime. The report makes reference to the Campus Crime and Security Awareness Act, enacted as part of the Student Right-To-Know and Campus Security Act, a law requiring any institutional recipient of Title IV student aid to report to students, faculty, and prospective students on the number of crimes in the categories of murder, sex offenses, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, and motor vehicle theft as well as arrests for liquor-law violations, drug-abuse violations, and weapons possessions. House Resolution 470 supports improving and ensuring compliance with the Campus Security Act in order to protect students from crime on college campuses. An estimate of the costs of implementing this legislation has been received by the appropriate House committee. (CK) Y1 - 1996/09/05/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 05 SP - 5 KW - Department of Education KW - Higher Education Act 1965 KW - Student Right to Know and Campus Security Act KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Drinking KW - Rape KW - Crime Prevention KW - Law Enforcement KW - Government Role KW - Student Rights KW - Safety KW - Information Dissemination KW - Stealing KW - Higher Education KW - School Security KW - Violence KW - Illegal Drug Use KW - Disclosure KW - College Faculty KW - Weapons KW - Federal Legislation KW - Freedom of Information KW - College Students KW - Cost Estimates KW - Compliance (Legal) KW - Recordkeeping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62593026?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Congressional Notification AN - 1679136006; CO02050 AB - Considers questions of compliance with National Security Act in notification of Senate Select Committee on Intelligence about sale of Iranian arms to Bosnia. AU - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 1996 SP - 49 KW - Arms transfers KW - Bombings KW - Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - Congressional oversight KW - Covert operations KW - Croatia KW - Diplomatic relations KW - Intelligence cooperation KW - Iran KW - Khobar Towers Bombing in Saudi Arabia (1996) KW - Laws and regulations KW - National Security Act (1947) KW - Political corruption KW - Reporting procedures KW - War Powers Resolution (1973) KW - Bryan, Richard H. KW - Tudjman, Franjo KW - Spaulding, Suzanne KW - Hussein, Saddam KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Talbott, Nelson Strobridge (“Strobe”) III KW - Matheson, Michael J. KW - McGhee, Kathleen KW - Deutch, John M. KW - Cutler, Lloyd N. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Redman, Charles E. KW - Perry, William J. KW - Peters, F. Whitten ("Whit") KW - Galbraith, Peter W. KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Straub, Chris KW - Battaglia, Charles KW - Lake, W. Anthony KW - Halperin, Morton H. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Bryan, Richard H. KW - Tudjman, Franjo KW - Spaulding, Suzanne KW - Hussein, Saddam KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Talbott, Nelson Strobridge (“Strobe”) III KW - Matheson, Michael J. KW - McGhee, Kathleen KW - Deutch, John M. KW - Cutler, Lloyd N. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Redman, Charles E. KW - Perry, William J. KW - Peters, F. Whitten ("Whit") KW - Galbraith, Peter W. KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Straub, Chris KW - Battaglia, Charles KW - Lake, W. Anthony KW - Halperin, Morton H. KW - Shelby, Richard C. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679136006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Congressional+Notification&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-09-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Congress; United States. Department of Defense; United States. Department of State N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing N1 - People - Battaglia, Charles; Bryan, Richard H.; Clinton, William J.; Cutler, Lloyd N.; Deutch, John M.; Galbraith, Peter W.; Halperin, Morton H.; Hussein, Saddam; Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob"); Lake, W. Anthony; Matheson, Michael J.; McGhee, Kathleen; Perry, William J.; Peters, F. Whitten ("Whit"); Redman, Charles E.; Shelby, Richard C.; Spaulding, Suzanne; Specter, Arlen; Straub, Chris; Talbott, Nelson Strobridge (“Strobe”) III; Tudjman, Franjo N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Historically Black Colleges and Universities Historic Building Restoration and Preservation Act. Report of the House Committee on Resources To Accompany H.R. 1179. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, Second Session. AN - 62592761; ED399905 AB - This report of the Committee on Resources recommends House of Representatives approval of (H.R. 1179), the Historically Black Colleges and Universities Historic Building Restoration and Preservation Act, as amended, to ensure the preservation of buildings eligible for funding under the Historic Preservation Act on the campuses of historically black colleges and universities. A total of $29 million is authorized, of which $22.9 million is earmarked in various amounts for grants to the following 12 institutions: Fisk University and Knoxville College in Tennessee; Miles College, Talladega College, Selma University, Stillman College, and Concordia College in Alabama; Allen University, Claflin College, and Voorhees College in South Carolina; and Rust College and Tougaloos University in Mississippi. The report outlines the background and need for the legislation, lists prior Committee actions, provides a section-by-section analysis of the bill, addresses cost and compliance matters, and includes an inflationary impact statement. A communication from the Congressional Budget Office estimates the budgetary implications of the bill. (CH) Y1 - 1996/09/04/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 04 SP - 6 KW - Historical Landmarks KW - National Historic Preservation Act KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Educational Facilities KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Aid KW - Black Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - College Buildings KW - Public Policy KW - Preservation KW - Universities KW - Facility Improvement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62592761?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For previous report see ED 371 698. Contains pages N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - It's not science. what can science do about it? AN - 78232676; 8698566 AB - Scholars describe science as one variety of organized human knowledge, characterized by its process that requires testing of theories in attempts to falsify them. Its products are descriptions and theories about the physical world that have withstood attempts at falsification. While some of these products will eventually have practical applications, all are initially interesting to other scientists. Other scientists use the products that are considered useful and that stand up to additional testing in their own research, they reject the products that do not survive testing, and they ignore most of them. Risk analyses produce informed predictions about the future likelihood that loss or injury will occur as a consequence of present actions. They are delivered not to scientists but to policymakers who, having invested in the analysis, want to use them in their work. Only rarely, and perhaps never, are the predictions testable, and they are accepted or rejected on other grounds. These contentions are the bases for a review of risk assessments about dioxin and low-level radiation exposures and some speculations about coming changes in risk assessment. JF - Health physics AU - Gough, M AD - Office of Technology Assessment, United States Congress, Washington, DC 20510, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 275 EP - 278 VL - 71 IS - 3 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radiation Effects KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Science KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78232676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=It%27s+not+science.+what+can+science+do+about+it%3F&rft.au=Gough%2C+M&rft.aulast=Gough&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Use of Cognitive Laboratories and Recorded Interviews in the National Household Education Survey. Technical Report. AN - 62618349; ED401337 AB - The National Household Education Survey (NHES) is a data collection system of the National Center for Education Statistics which has as its mission the collection and publication of data on the condition of education in the United States. The NHES provides descriptive data through a random digit dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized civilian population of the United States. Approximately 60,000 households are screened for each administration, and individuals who meet the study criteria are sampled for more detailed or extended interviews. Data quality is a central issue for the NHES. Cognitive laboratory research, one of the many efforts to reduce nonsampling error in surveys, draws on the theories and methods of cognitive psychology. Concurrent and delayed methods are used in cognitive laboratory research procedures that can include individual interviews and focus groups. Cognitive laboratory activities are typically audiotaped or videotaped to provide a record of the research. Several examples of the use of cognitive laboratory research in the conduct of the NHES are given. These examples illustrate how taping and analysis of live interviews measured interviewer and respondent behavior during data collection and contributed to understanding words and items that could cause difficulty. Three appendixes present a moderator's topic guide for parent groups, a similar guide for adolescent groups, and a form for coding interviewer-respondent interactions. (Contains 1 appendix table and 23 references.) (SLD) AU - Nolin, Mary Jo AU - Chandler, Kathryn Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 43 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; (for single copies, call the National Education Data Resource Center (703) 845-3151). VL - NCES-96-332 KW - National Household Education Survey KW - Random Digit Dialing KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Telephone Surveys KW - Research Methodology KW - Cognitive Psychology KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Audiotape Recordings KW - Videotape Recordings KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Interviews KW - Educational Attainment KW - Family (Sociological Unit) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62618349?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Women: Education and Outcomes. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62610385; ED400774 AB - This report is a statistical analysis of trends in the participation of women in higher education and in the labor market from 1970-1994. In 45 figures and 14 tables, data on women's achievements are compared with those of men, with each chart accompanied by a short analysis of the data. The first section of the report presents demographic and educational data: population data covers the resident population of the United States. The second part of the report focuses on outcomes and covers individuals 16 years of age and older, residing in the 50 states and the District of Columbia (except inmates in institutions and those on active duty in the Armed Services) whether or not they are enrolled in school. Appendix A presents additional tables of population, dropout rates, school and enrollment, degree conferred, post-high school training, employment, earnings, employment and earnings in educational institutions. Appendix B lists sources of data and defines concepts and terms used in the report. (CH) AU - Kopka, Teresita L. AU - Korb, Roslyn A. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 122 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048846X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Womens Education KW - Masters Degrees KW - Employment Statistics KW - Higher Education KW - Black Education KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Enrollment Rate KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Minority Groups KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Employment Experience KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Doctoral Degrees KW - Labor Market KW - Employment Patterns KW - Employed Women KW - College Outcomes Assessment KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62610385?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Child Health USA '95. AN - 62609833; ED402048 AB - Published to provide reliable and current data for public health professionals and other individuals in the public and private sector to inform policymaking, this book compiles secondary data for 50 health status indicators and service needs of America's children. The book provides both a graphic and textual summary of the data and addresses long-term trends where applicable. Some statistics reveal the extent of progress toward "Healthy People 2000" goals or a reduction in the prevalence of unhealthful behaviors, while others reveal burgeoning or escalating health problems of women, children, and youth. Following an introduction that discusses trends and issues in children's health, the book has six sections : (1) "Anniversary Section," which summarizes data over the last 60 years; (2) "Population Characteristics," including children in poverty, working mothers, child care, school dropouts, and family composition; (3) "Health Status," discussing the health issue of infants, children, and adolescents; (4) "Health Services and Utilization," including immunizations, health care financing, physician and hospital care issues; (5) "State-Specific Data," including mortality, birthweight, perinatal and prenatal care, and children per pediatrician; and (6) "City Data," including infant mortality, birthweight, and prenatal care. Contains 50 references. (AMC) Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 79 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048829X KW - Death Records KW - Health Information KW - Health Policy KW - Health Status KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Health Programs KW - Birth Weight KW - Statistics KW - Mortality Rate KW - Young Children KW - Birth Rate KW - Child Health KW - Infant Mortality KW - Pregnancy KW - Demography KW - Health Services KW - Public Health KW - Premature Infants KW - Health Conditions KW - Child Neglect KW - Child Abuse KW - One Parent Family KW - Adolescents KW - Infants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62609833?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1994 edition, see ED 376 387. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Profile of Children in U.S. School Districts. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62601275; ED400344 AB - Examining the characteristics of school districts against the characteristics of 55.3 million "school-age children" (3- to 17-years-old) plus 18- and 19-year-olds who had not graduated from college) provides important insights into observed interrelationships. This report describes ways in which the characteristics of the children, such as household income, poverty status, and racial and ethnic composition, vary across school districts of different types. Individual, parental, and household characteristics of American school children are described and compared in several areas. Relationships among student and school district characteristics are presented through text, statistical tables, and graphs using material based on the "School District Analysis Book" (SDAB) developed largely from Census figures in response to a Congressional mandate. Demographic and enrollment profiles of the students and profiles of the districts are presented. Of the 48 million children aged 5 to 19 years in the United States, 91% were enrolled in school below the college level. Three appendixes present concepts and definitions, information on SDAB sources and data quality, and a report on the accuracy of SDAB data. (Contains 72 figures, 2 appendix figures, 17 tables, and 5 appendix tables.) (SLD) Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 149 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048782X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Interaction KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Elementary School Students KW - Rural Schools KW - Ethnicity KW - Student Characteristics KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Urban Schools KW - Secondary School Students KW - Racial Differences KW - Census Figures KW - Suburban Schools KW - Income KW - Profiles KW - Poverty KW - Enrollment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62601275?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Out of the Lecture Hall and into the Classroom: 1992-93 College Graduates and Elementary/Secondary School Teaching, with an Essay on Undergraduate Academic Experiences. Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62601225; ED399898 AB - This study used data from the ongoing Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study to examine college graduates' preparation for and entry into teaching, as well as their movement into and out of the profession over time. Text, seven figures, and 15 tables detail the data on the "teacher pipeline"; examine who enters it (such as race/ethnicity and gender); provide data on undergraduate academic experiences of teachers including major field of study, type of postsecondary institution attended, college entrance examination scores and grade point averages, and undergraduate and advanced course taking; and also look at early teaching experiences. The report reaches the conclusion that graduates who enter the teacher pipeline differ both demographically and academically from those not in the pipeline, and notes that these differences have tended to overshadow differences among types of teachers. The report lays the groundwork for future studies analyzing persistence in teaching, and voices the hope that further development of empirical criteria will allow better evaluation of teacher postsecondary education and teacher professional development. Statistical data are presented in 27 compendium tables. Also included are two appendixes: one a glossary that defines the variables, and the other containing technical notes and explaining the methodology. (CH) AU - Henke, Robin R. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 137 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487684 KW - Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Education Majors KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Preservice Teacher Education KW - Higher Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - Teacher Background KW - Career Choice KW - Teacher Competencies KW - Demography KW - Teacher Morale KW - Faculty Mobility KW - Teaching Experience KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Black Teachers KW - Teacher Persistence KW - Minority Group Teachers KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Trend Analysis KW - Teacher Education Programs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62601225?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Historically Black Colleges and Universities, 1976-1994. AN - 62594903; ED399897 AB - This report presents a statistical overview of trends in the development of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). An introductory chapter reviews the history of HBCUs and discusses the current status in terms of enrollment, degrees conferred, staff, salaries, and finances. Nine text figures and 54 summary tables provide detailed data organized into the same categories. Supplemental information is given for all public and private institutions to allow comparative evaluations with all institutions. The report finds that: (1) as a group, HBCUs entered a period of growth during the late l980s, with some of the increase due to a larger proportion of black students choosing HBCUs; (2) over the 1976-1994 period the student racial/ethnic mix became more diversified, especially for degree recipients; (3) the number of degrees conferred has also risen since 1990, due mainly to increased enrollments; (4) financial and faculty resources at public HBCUs are stronger than those at private institutions; (6) faculty salaries at all HBCUs have increased at about the same rate as at all institutions, but nevertheless remain at a lower level than institutions of higher education in general; (7) educational expenditures at all HBCUs have increased, but at a lesser rate than at comparable institutions. Appendixes include a guide to the sources used and the comparability of data, information on methodology, and a glossary. (CH) AU - Hoffman, Charlene M. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 126 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487781 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Racial Integration KW - Federal Aid KW - Expenditure per Student KW - Educational Finance KW - College Attendance KW - Higher Education KW - Teacher Salaries KW - College Choice KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Racial Composition KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Institutional Survival KW - Trend Analysis KW - Financial Support KW - Black Colleges KW - Resource Allocation KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Black Education KW - College Faculty KW - Black Students KW - Budgets KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62594903?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For previous report in this series, see ED 347 923 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Current Funds Revenues and Expenditures of Institutions of Higher Education: Fiscal Years 1986 through 1994. E.D. TABS. AN - 62592815; ED399899 AB - This report contains 34 tables of revenue and expenditure data for the nation's accredited institutions of higher education for the 9-year period from fiscal year 1986 (FY86) through fiscal year 1994 (FY94). Data are from the Integrated Postsecondary Education System and the Higher Education General Information Survey. Tables cover: revenue and expenditures, by source and purpose, for FY86 through FY94; by source, purpose, and level of control for FY94 for all and for private nonprofit institutions; by source and purpose for FY90-FY94 for private nonprofit institutions; by selected categories and state, and by percentage distribution for FY94 for all, for public 4-year and 2-year, and for private and private nonprofit 4-year institutions; a comparison of FY93 and FY94 total revenues and expenditures in current dollars and by state for all, for public, for private, and private nonprofit institutions; scholarship and fellowship expenditures for FY91-FY94 in current dollars by source and control; total expenditures and percentage of expenditures for salaries and wages for FY94; revenues and expenditures in current and constant 1994 dollars for FY86-FY94. Also included in the report are a glossary and a survey of the methodology. Two appendix tables provide FY94 survey response rates by sector and state; a third provides Consumer Price Index factors for FY86 through FY94. (CH) AU - Barbett, Samuel AU - Korb, Roslyn A. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 61 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Higher Education General Information Survey KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Educational Finance KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Income KW - Expenditures KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Universities KW - Nonprofit Organizations KW - State Colleges UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62592815?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the FY 85-93 report, see ED 386 116. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of immunoassays for the herbicides, molinate and diuron, to field water analysis AN - 16105938; 4201980 AB - Immunoassays based on microwells (for laboratory assay) and polystyrene tubes (for field assay) have been applied to the analysis of the herbicides, molinate and diuron, in field water samples. Development of a new immunoassay format for molinate, with detection limits of 0.5-1 ppb, enabled, for the first time, the direct analysis of molinate in water samples across the full range of usual field residue levels, without need for pre-concentration. A highly sensitive field assay for urea herbicides (diuron limit of detection of 0.15 ppb) has also been developed, based on a double-layer coating with protein A and urea herbicide-specific antibody. Each assay was only slightly affected by ions and turbidity, which are often problems in subsurface and surface water matrices respectively. For both formats of the molinate and diuron immunoassays, close correlations were obtained between herbicide levels determined by the immunoassay and by instrumental analysis, using field water samples. JF - Food and Agricultural Immunology AU - Guihot, S L AU - Skerritt, J H AU - Thomas, M AU - Korth, W AD - GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 169 EP - 183 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0954-0105, 0954-0105 KW - immunoassays KW - molinate KW - diuron KW - assay KW - fate of pollutants KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - pesticide residues KW - herbicides KW - water analysis KW - proteins KW - water pollution KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16105938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Agricultural+Immunology&rft.atitle=Application+of+immunoassays+for+the+herbicides%2C+molinate+and+diuron%2C+to+field+water+analysis&rft.au=Guihot%2C+S+L%3BSkerritt%2C+J+H%3BThomas%2C+M%3BKorth%2C+W&rft.aulast=Guihot&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Agricultural+Immunology&rft.issn=09540105&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - herbicides; diuron; water analysis; water pollution; assay; proteins; pesticide residues; fate of pollutants; immunoassays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive trade-off in male Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba AN - 16050701; 4099801 AB - Freshly caught male and female Euphausia superba from the same swarm exhibited different rates of mortality subsequent to capture. Mortality was significantly higher for reproductive males (100%, n = 68) than for females (3%, n = 186) within the first 3 d of capture. Total lipid and triacylglycerol levels in male, female and juvenile Euphausia superba were analysed and compared. All reproductive male krill analysed from this swarm had low lipid levels (1 to 3% dry weight) with negligible triacylglycerol stores (0 to 2% of total lipid). Somatic lipid stores in female and juvenile krill ranged from 8 to 30%, of which up to 40% was triacylglycerol. The levels of algal sterols in the digestive gland of males, females and juveniles indicate that all krill had been feeding recently. An analysis of the sex ratio of krill catches derived from data collected over seven summers from the Prydz Bay region showed a decrease in the proportion of males with increasing size. There was a sharp decline in numbers of male krill once they attained a length of 51 to 55 mm. Low lipid levels in redroductive male krill may be due to reproductive costs. The resulting low storage-lipid levels are accompanied by high mortality in male krill. JF - Marine Biology AU - Virtue, P AU - Nichols, P D AU - Nicol, S AU - Hosie, G AD - CSIRO Div. Oceanogr., Mar. Labs., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 521 EP - 527 VL - 126 IS - 3 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - lipids KW - sex differences KW - reproduction KW - Euphausia superba KW - body composition KW - mortality KW - Y 25762:Invertebrates (excluding insects) KW - D 04665:Crustaceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16050701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+trade-off+in+male+Antarctic+krill%2C+Euphausia+superba&rft.au=Virtue%2C+P%3BNichols%2C+P+D%3BNicol%2C+S%3BHosie%2C+G&rft.aulast=Virtue&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biology&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Euphausia superba; mortality; sex differences; body composition; lipids; reproduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fire weather in the wet-dry tropics of the World Heritage Kakadu National Park, Australia AN - 15858691; 4013141 AB - Seasonal changes of weather and fuels in the wet-dry tropics are dramatic; fires follow suit. In this paper, we examine quantitatively rainfall, evaporation, wind, temperature and humidity information, and indices derived from them, for Kapalga Research Station and nearby Jabiru in World Heritage Kakadu National Park, Northern Australia. At Kapalga, the average annual rainfall of about 1200 mm mostly falls during a 6 month wet season. Grasses, green in the wet, begin to desiccate during the early dry season. Perennial grasses cure more slowly than the annuals, and grasses in drainages cure later than those on ridges. Fire weather is usually most severe in September-October (late dry season) and least severe in January-February (late wet season). As the dry season progresses to its peak, daily wind patterns change, daily maximum temperatures increase to an average of 36 degree C, dew points drop to a minimum, and soil moisture is severely depleted. In the early dry season (cf. later), fires have a greater tendency to go out at night compared with later perhaps because winds then are calmer, fuels are more discontinuous, and relights from burning logs are less likely to occur. Fire weather in the north of Australia appears less severe than that in the southeast of the continent where socially disastrous fires occur periodically. JF - Australian journal of ecology. Oxford AU - Gill, A M AU - Moore, PHR AU - Williams, R J AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 302 EP - 308 VL - 21 IS - 3 SN - 0307-692X, 0307-692X KW - Australia, Northern Territory KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - fires KW - tropical environment KW - climatic conditions KW - seasonal variations KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15858691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+ecology.+Oxford&rft.atitle=Fire+weather+in+the+wet-dry+tropics+of+the+World+Heritage+Kakadu+National+Park%2C+Australia&rft.au=Gill%2C+A+M%3BMoore%2C+PHR%3BWilliams%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+ecology.+Oxford&rft.issn=0307692X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tropical environment; climatic conditions; fires; seasonal variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monoclonal antibodies to the enterotoxin of Bacteroides fragilis: Production, characterization, and immunodiagnostic application AN - 15809833; 3998058 AB - A monoclonal antibody, ICT11, specific for the toxin of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) neutralized the cytotoxic effect of the toxin on human colonic cell line HT-29 /C sub(1). In an evaluation using 115 diarrheal stool specimens and culture as the "gold standard," the assay showed a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 100%. An ICT11-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98% for direct detection of toxin from stool samples compared with those of culture. Thus, ICT11-based assays will be useful for screening for ETBF. JF - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology AU - Qadri, F AU - Mohi, M G AU - Chowdhury, A AU - Alam, K AU - Azim, T AU - Sears, C AU - Sack, R B AU - Albert, MJ AD - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 608 EP - 610 VL - 3 IS - 5 SN - 1071-412X, 1071-412X KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Immunology Abstracts KW - Bacteroides fragilis KW - monoclonal antibodies KW - enterotoxins KW - J 02831:Techniques and reagents KW - F 06711:Monoclonal antibodies, hybridomas, antigens and antisera UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15809833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.atitle=Monoclonal+antibodies+to+the+enterotoxin+of+Bacteroides+fragilis%3A+Production%2C+characterization%2C+and+immunodiagnostic+application&rft.au=Qadri%2C+F%3BMohi%2C+M+G%3BChowdhury%2C+A%3BAlam%2C+K%3BAzim%2C+T%3BSears%2C+C%3BSack%2C+R+B%3BAlbert%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Qadri&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.issn=1071412X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteroides fragilis; enterotoxins; monoclonal antibodies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Non-linear analysis of chlorophyll a transects as a method of quantifying spatial structure AN - 15781014; 3992555 AB - A method of analysis, initially developed as a method of distinguishing between chaotic dynamics and observational noise in time series, was applied to transects of chlorophyll a from the Southern Ocean. The algorithm works by predicting the behaviour of a data set based on patterns present within the data. This differs from previous analyses in that it permits classification of the dynamics governing the system. In a chaotic system, predictions become exponentially poor as one attempts to predict further ahead, due to the sensitivity of the system to initial conditions. However, in a system governed by stochastic noise, no such deterioration in predictions is observed. This work represents the first application of the algorithm to oceanic transect data, and our results show a less than exponential decline in predictive ability. The behaviour of the prediction curves is closely related to that of the corresponding autocorrelation functions, indicative of a stochastic, but spatially coherent data set with significant positive autocorrelations. Furthermore, successful prediction is correlated with the sum of the chlorophyll power spectrum. We conclude that the predictive ability of the algorithm is greatest when spatial variation in the chlorophyll transects is high. JF - Journal of Plankton Research AU - Strutton, P G AU - Mitchell, J G AU - Parslow, J S AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 1717 EP - 1726 VL - 18 IS - 9 SN - 0142-7873, 0142-7873 KW - algorithm KW - chlorophyll a KW - chlorophylls KW - marine ecosystems KW - spatial variations KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - phytoplankton KW - Brackish KW - mathematical models KW - Freshwater KW - turbulence KW - models KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q1 08221:General KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - K 03068:Algae KW - O 1010:Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, Fungi and Plants KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15781014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.atitle=Non-linear+analysis+of+chlorophyll+a+transects+as+a+method+of+quantifying+spatial+structure&rft.au=Strutton%2C+P+G%3BMitchell%2C+J+G%3BParslow%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Strutton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plankton+Research&rft.issn=01427873&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; spatial variations; phytoplankton; mathematical models; turbulence; chlorophylls; marine ecosystems; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying the Distribution of Inhalation Exposure in Human Populations: Distribution of Minute Volumes in Adults and Children AN - 14443487; 10525731 AB - Inhalation studies must take into account the variations in ventilation rates that are found in populations. Ventilation rates were investigated in subjects doing various tasks. Three levels of ventilation were found, and the activities were assigned to one of the three levels. Children, adult males, and adult females had different distributions of ventilation rates. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Beals, Jill AJ AU - Funk, Lisa M AU - Fountain, Robert AU - Sedman, Richard Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 974 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - AGE COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14443487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Quantifying+the+Distribution+of+Inhalation+Exposure+in+Human+Populations%3A+Distribution+of+Minute+Volumes+in+Adults+and+Children&rft.au=Beals%2C+Jill+AJ%3BFunk%2C+Lisa+M%3BFountain%2C+Robert%3BSedman%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Beals&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=974&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; PUBLIC HEALTH; PULMONARY EFFECTS; AGE COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Moderate Lead Poisoning: Trends in Blood Lead Levels in Unchelated Children AN - 14442544; 10525730 AB - Children who had moderate lead poisoning but who did not get chelation therapy because tests indicated limited response to the chelating agent were followed for six months. During that time, parents were educated about sources of lead, home visits were made, and iron was given to children with low ferritin. In the 79 children studied, blood lead levels declined by 27% during the study. The home environmental score, which assessed the amount of lead in the home, declined by 50% at the second home visit, and by 75% at the third home visit. Home environment scores of zero were obtained for 20% of the children. Children with low and high initial home environment scores showed parallel declines in blood lead levels. Iron levels were unrelated to lead levels. The home environment score is related to the blood lead level to children before intervention. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Markowitz, Morri E AU - Bijur, Polly E AU - Ruff, Holly A AU - Balbi, Kenneth AU - Rosen, John F Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 968 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LEAD POISONING KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - BEHAVIOR KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14442544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Moderate+Lead+Poisoning%3A+Trends+in+Blood+Lead+Levels+in+Unchelated+Children&rft.au=Markowitz%2C+Morri+E%3BBijur%2C+Polly+E%3BRuff%2C+Holly+A%3BBalbi%2C+Kenneth%3BRosen%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Markowitz&rft.aufirst=Morri&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=968&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; LEAD POISONING; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; BEHAVIOR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cooking Fuel Smoke and Respiratory Symptoms among Women in Low-Income Areas in Maputo AN - 14440310; 10525732 AB - Women in suburban Maputo, Mozambique were interviewed about exposure to air pollutants from cooking fuel. Air pollution monitoring was done on 218 subjects. Particulate exposure was highest for those who used wood for cooking, and coughed more than users of other fuels. Those who cooked with charcoal were exposed to more particulates than those who cooked with liquefied petroleum gas or electricity, but there was no difference in coughing between those who cooked with charcoal and those who used more modern fuels. Changing from wood cooking to charcoal cooking could reduce acute health effects from cooking with wood, although high levels of carbon monoxide would be generated and would have to be vented. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ellegard, Anders Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 980 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MOZAMBIQUE KW - WOOD STOVES KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - BEHAVIOR KW - CHARCOAL KW - PARTICULATES KW - GAS APPLIANCES KW - ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14440310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cooking+Fuel+Smoke+and+Respiratory+Symptoms+among+Women+in+Low-Income+Areas+in+Maputo&rft.au=Ellegard%2C+Anders&rft.aulast=Ellegard&rft.aufirst=Anders&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=980&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MOZAMBIQUE; WOOD STOVES; GAS APPLIANCES; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; PUBLIC HEALTH; BEHAVIOR; ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES; CHARCOAL; PARTICULATES ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Descriptive Summary of 1992-93 Bachelor's Degree Recipients 1 Year Later, with an Essay on Time to Degree. Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62605994; ED399859 AB - This report presents selected findings from the 1993/94 Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study First Followup survey. The report found that only 36 percent of 1992-93 bachelor's degree recipients completed their degree within 4 years of beginning postsecondary education. Students who delayed their entry into postsecondary education took longer to complete their degree, as did those who began postsecondary education at a less-than-4-year institution. The first section presents a brief profile of the study's nationally representative sample of 10,080 recipients of bachelor's degrees at 648 institutions in 1992-93, including gender and race, age at degree receipt, degree-granting institution, and point of entry into postsecondary education. The second section presents an analysis of the amount of time taken to complete the degree and includes such data as sample definition and outcome measures, timing of entry into postsecondary education, time between high school graduation and bachelor's degree completion, interruptions in enrollment, time between entry into postsecondary education and bachelor's degree completion, gender and race, timing of entry and preparation for college, institutions attended, major field of study, and debt. The compendium provides detailed tables and describes the employment and enrollment experiences of this population in the year after graduation. Appended are a glossary of terms and technical notes on the study methodology. (CK) AU - McCormick, Alexander C. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 156 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048748X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Age KW - Undergraduate Study KW - Student Characteristics KW - Race KW - Majors (Students) KW - Higher Education KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Time to Degree KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Time Factors (Learning) KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Followup Studies KW - Enrollment Trends KW - College Graduates KW - Tables (Data) KW - Graduate Surveys KW - Sex UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62605994?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Fall Staff in Postsecondary Institutions, 1993. E.D. Tabs. AN - 62602861; ED398826 AB - This report presents 12 tables and 19 figures of data about staff employed by 8,861 postsecondary institutions at the four-year, two-year, and less than two-year levels in the 50 states and the District of Columbia in the fall of 1993, using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). The data indicate the number of staff employed by postsecondary institutions by staff categories such as faculty, managers, and research assistants, and by personal characteristics such as full-time/part-time employment status and sex. Data are presented by level and control of institution, employment status, race/ethnicity, sex, primary occupation, faculty tenure status, faculty rank, and new hires. Highlights of the data are outlined in three areas: (1) overview of staff in postsecondary and higher education institutions, (2) faculty growth, distribution, rank and tenure in institutions of higher education, and (3) new hires in institutions of higher education. Among these highlights were: there were about 2.7 million employees in postsecondary institutions in 1993, about 2.1 percent of the total U.S. labor force; there has been growth in the percent of faculty in two-year institutions and in those working part-time; and there was a substantial decline in the full-time new hires over the previous year. Six appendices include additional tables for postsecondary institutions and institutions of higher education, technical notes on the survey methodology, the survey questionnaire, and a glossary. (KG) AU - Cahalan, Margaret Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 179 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-96-323 KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Professional Personnel KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Full Time Faculty KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Part Time Faculty KW - Employment Statistics KW - Surveys KW - Educational Trends KW - College Administration KW - Administrator Characteristics KW - Part Time Employment KW - College Faculty KW - Colleges KW - Sex Differences KW - Community Colleges KW - School Personnel KW - Employment Patterns KW - Universities KW - Tables (Data) KW - Research Assistants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62602861?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1991 survey, see ED 380 015. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study: 1993/94 First Follow-Up Methodology Report. Technical Report. AN - 62600926; ED400343 AB - The Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (B&B:93) tracks the experiences of a cohort of recent college graduates, those who received the baccalaureate degree during the 1992-93 academic year and were first interviewed as part of the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. The experiences of this group in the areas of academic enrollment, degree completion, employment, public service, and other adult decisions will be followed for about 12 years. Data will be used to address issues in a number of educational policy areas such as educational attainment, access to graduate and professional schools, the rate of return on educational investment, and patterns of preparation and engagement in teaching. The B&B:93 cohort consisted of about 12,500 individuals who were determined to be potentially eligible for followup in 1994. Responses were obtained for 11,810 students. This report reviews: (1) the study purpose and design; (2) the B&B:93 sample design; (3) data collection: telephone and field survey procedures; (4) response rates; (5) evaluation of the survey instrument; (6) the transcript component of B&B:93/94; and (7) the weights development documentation for the B&B:93/94 sample. Four appendixes provide additional details about methodology and present the student and parent questionnaires in table form. (Contains 31 tables, 3 appendix tables, 5 figures, and 2 references.) (SLD) AU - Green, Patricia J. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 908 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487471 KW - Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Study (NCES) KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Research Methodology KW - Access to Education KW - Response Rates (Questionnaires) KW - Teacher Education KW - Higher Education KW - Educational Attainment KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Research Design KW - Cohort Analysis KW - Experience KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Followup Studies KW - Educational Policy KW - Enrollment KW - College Graduates KW - Return on Investment KW - Life Events KW - Employment Patterns KW - Data Collection KW - Interviews KW - Parents KW - Data Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62600926?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Nutrition Education in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools. Statistical Analysis Report. Fast Response Survey System (FRSS). AN - 62594296; ED400256 AB - This report presents the findings from the "Nutrition Education in Public Schools, K-12" survey that was designed to provide data on the status of nutrition education in U.S. public schools. Questionnaires were sent to 1,000 school principals of a nationally representative sample of U.S. elementary, middle, and high schools. The survey requested information on: placement of nutrition education in the curriculum, and the content, coordination, and reasons for nutrition education. Survey findings are presented for all schools and frequently by instructional level, enrollment size, metropolitan status, and geographic region. Highlights of the survey's findings include: (1) practically all public schools (99 percent) offer nutrition education somewhere in the curriculum, and many integrate it within the total curriculum (70 percent); (2) overall, schools focus on increasing students' knowledge about what is meant by good nutrition, with less emphasis on influencing students' motivation, attitudes, and eating behaviors; (3) the majority of schools (61 percent) have no nutrition education coordinator, so teachers are responsible for their own lessons; (4) over 90 percent of all schools offer nutrition through the school meals program; and (5) topics in nutrition covered by more than 90 percent of all schools are: the relationship between diet and health; finding and choosing healthy foods; nutrients and their food courses; the Food Guide Pyramid, and Dietary Guidelines and goals. Four appendixes provide: Survey methodology and data reliability; tables of standard errors; the survey form; and Section 19(a) of U.S. Public Law 103-448, 103rd Congress, 2 November, 1994, The Child Nutrition Act of 1966. (ND) AU - Celebuski, Carin AU - Farris, Elizabeth Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 64 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487552 KW - Healthy People 2000 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Eating Habits KW - Lunch Programs KW - Comprehensive School Health Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Elementary School Curriculum KW - Nutrition Instruction KW - Public Schools KW - Student Attitudes KW - Breakfast Programs KW - Tables (Data) KW - Secondary School Curriculum KW - Student Motivation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62594296?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Broken Down by Age and Gender: "The Problem of Old Women" Redefined AN - 61444466; 9702900 AB - Old women, as consistently documented, are disadvantaged in a variety of ways in comparison to old men. This preoccupation with the particular disadvantages associated with being old & female has encouraged scholars & policymakers to view all evidence through one lens -- one predicated on both a male & midlife perspective. The importance of these adversities should not be minimized, but a less phallocentric analysis of women in old age is needed, an analysis that is less reliant on men as a defining category, an analysis that can highlight the positive experiences of women in old age. 61 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Gender & Society AU - Gibson, Diane AD - Australian Instit Health & Welfare, GPO 570 Canberra ACT 2601 Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 433 EP - 448 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0891-2432, 0891-2432 KW - old women's disadvantages, scholars'/policymakers' phallocentric analysis redefined KW - Disadvantaged KW - Elderly Women KW - Methodological Problems KW - article KW - 2143: social problems and social welfare; social gerontology KW - 2983: feminist/gender studies; sociology of gender & gender relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61444466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gender+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Broken+Down+by+Age+and+Gender%3A+%22The+Problem+of+Old+Women%22+Redefined&rft.au=Gibson%2C+Diane&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=Diane&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gender+%26+Society&rft.issn=08912432&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - GESOES N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Elderly Women; Methodological Problems; Disadvantaged ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research needs for the risk assessment of health and environmental effects of endocrine disruptors: a report of the U.S. EPA-sponsored workshop. AN - 21281462; 11701757 AB - The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species adverse suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a workshop in April 1995 to bring together interested parties in an effort to identify research gaps related to this hypothesis and to establish priorities for future research activities. Approximately 90 invited participants were organized into work groups developed around the principal reported health effects-carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity-as well as along the risk assessment paradigm-hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Attention focused on both ecological and human health effects. In general, group felt that the hypothesis warranted a concerted research effort to evaluate its validity and that research should focus primarily on effects on development of reproductive capability, on improved exposure assessment, and on the effects of mixtures. This report summarizes the discussions of the work groups and details the recommendations for additional research. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Daston, G P AU - DeRosa, C AU - Fenner-Crisp, P AU - Gray, L E AU - Kaattari, S AU - Lucier, G AU - Luster, M AU - Mac, M J AU - Maczka, C AU - Miller, R AU - Moore, J AU - Rolland, R AU - Scott, G AU - Sheehan, D M AU - Sinks, T AU - Tilson, H A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA., kavlock@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 715 EP - 740 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Chemicals KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Wildlife KW - Toxicity KW - Population dynamics KW - Cancer KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Dose-response effects KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Side effects KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21281462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Research+needs+for+the+risk+assessment+of+health+and+environmental+effects+of+endocrine+disruptors%3A+a+report+of+the+U.S.+EPA-sponsored+workshop.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BDeRosa%2C+C%3BFenner-Crisp%2C+P%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKaattari%2C+S%3BLucier%2C+G%3BLuster%2C+M%3BMac%2C+M+J%3BMaczka%2C+C%3BMiller%2C+R%3BMoore%2C+J%3BRolland%2C+R%3BScott%2C+G%3BSheehan%2C+D+M%3BSinks%2C+T%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Risk assessment; EPA; endocrine disruptors; Dose-response effects; Neurotoxicity; Wildlife; Toxicity; Population dynamics; Side effects; Cancer; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in fetal thymic and liver hematopoietic cells as indicators of exposure to developmental immunotoxicants. AN - 21261596; 11703653 AB - Recent studies indicate that immune development in humans and other species may be altered after perinatal exposure to immunotoxic environmental contaminants. However, limited information is available regarding appropriate tests that may adequately detect developmental immunotoxic compounds. Experiments in which pregnant laboratory rodents were exposed to a variety of immunotoxic environmental agents indicate that fetal thymus and liver immune cells may be quantitatively and qualitatively altered by immunotoxicant exposure and, thus, may serve as sensitive markers of developmental immunotoxicant exposure. In particular, depression of fetal thymic cell counts appears to be a common event following gestational exposure to immunotoxicants that produce this response in adult animals. Total hematopoietic cell counts in fetal liver, however, may be a poor indicator of immunotoxicant exposure. Altered marker expression in both fetal thymus and liver appears to be a highly sensitive indicator of gestational immunotoxicant exposure. Together, these reports suggest that immune tests with high predictability for immunosuppression in adults may also be appropriate for the detection of developmental immunotoxic agents. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Holladay, S D AU - Luster, M I AD - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061-0442, USA, holladay@vt.edu Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 809 EP - 813 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Laboratory testing KW - Liver KW - depression KW - rodents KW - Pregnancy KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+fetal+thymic+and+liver+hematopoietic+cells+as+indicators+of+exposure+to+developmental+immunotoxicants.&rft.au=Holladay%2C+S+D%3BLuster%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Holladay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=809&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Laboratory testing; Liver; depression; rodents; Pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A general model for estimating tag-specific shedding rates and tag interactions from exact or pooled times at liberty for a double tagging experiment AN - 15867746; 4025833 AB - In this paper, I derive, under very general conditions, probabilities of tag retention as a function of tag-specific shedding rates, and certain measures of tag interactions. This work extends previous work in five other respects. It (i) proves that Kirkwood and Walker's (G.P. Kirkwood and M.H. Walker. 1984. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 35: 601-606) maximum likelihood estimator and its extensions are consistent with a generalization of Beverton and Holt's (R.J.H. Beverton and S.J. Holt. 1957. Fish. Invest. Ser. 2 Mar. Fish. G.B. Minist. Agric. Fish. Food No. 19) population dynamics and tag shedding model; (ii) unifies methods for exact and pooled times at liberty; (iii) proves that one assumption can be eliminated and two others relaxed; (iv) explicitly defines and incorporates the probability of tagged fish remaining alive after type I mortality and the probability of tag retention after type I shedding; and (v) relaxes the assumption that nonreporting rate needs correction. A special case of this model is used to analyse a set of data from a double tagging experiment on a carcharhinid shark (Carcharhinus tilstoni). JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Xiao, Yongshun AD - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 1852 EP - 1861 VL - 53 IS - 8 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - tags KW - models KW - Carcharhinus tilstoni KW - capture-recapture studies KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15867746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+general+model+for+estimating+tag-specific+shedding+rates+and+tag+interactions+from+exact+or+pooled+times+at+liberty+for+a+double+tagging+experiment&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Yongshun&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Yongshun&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carcharhinus tilstoni; models; tags; capture-recapture studies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Habitat architecture and trophic interaction strength in a river: Riffle-scale effects AN - 15853389; 4015033 AB - Invertebrate algal grazer densities were manipulated in a temperate river to discover the impact of differences in riffle-scale architectural complexity on the strength of the trophic interaction between grazers and epilithic algae. Animal densities were manipulated by manual removal in architecturally complex boulder-cobble riffles and simpler bedrock riffles, with the complexity of smaller-scale architecture held constant. Responses in algal density were recorded before and after a month of manipulations, together with grazer colonization rate and body sizes. The experiment was carried out in winter and again in summer. The interaction between grazers and algae differed between habitats and seasons. In winter, when algae were growing, the more complex riffle-scale architecture in the boulder-cobble riffles created a refuge from grazing for algae. This was probably the result of the movement abilities of the grazers interacting with habitat architecture, and potentially also due to the control of predatory fish densities by habitat architecture resulting in greater predation pressure on grazers in boulder-cobble riffles. Therefore the impact of highly complex riffle-scale architecture was to weaken the strength of the trophic interaction between algae and their grazers by reducing grazer densities, while potentially strengthening the trophic interaction between grazers and their fish predators. JF - Oecologia AU - Robson, B J AD - Dep. Zool., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 411 EP - 420 VL - 107 IS - 3 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - herbivorous fish KW - streams KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - phytobenthos KW - grazing KW - trophic relationships KW - Freshwater KW - algae KW - rivers KW - habitat KW - Invertebrata KW - Q1 08483:Species interactions: general KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Z 05210:Aquatic entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15853389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Habitat+architecture+and+trophic+interaction+strength+in+a+river%3A+Riffle-scale+effects&rft.au=Robson%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Robson&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - habitat; phytobenthos; grazing; trophic relationships; rivers; algae; herbivorous fish; streams; Invertebrata; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple haemoglobins in three tilapiine species of the genus Oreochromis and in eight strains of O. niloticus (L.) AN - 15838415; 4009905 AB - Among three tilapiine species, Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner), O. mossambicus (Peters) and O. niloticus (L.), fifteen banding positions of haemoglobin were resolved using citric acid-aminopropylmorpholine pH 7.0 buffer. O. mossambicus and O. aureus displayed 7 and 8 fixed band locations, respectively, whereas eight strains of O. niloticus from Asian cultured and African wild populations showed a total of 14. Variability in the O. niloticus strains, manifested as presence or absence of haemoglobin bands, was observed in banding positions 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 14. Six banding positions in O. niloticus were shared with O. mossambicus and 8 with O. aureus. A dendrogram constructed from distance coefficients between population pairs using the presence or absence data showed the close affinity among O. niloticus strains belonging to the O. niloticus niloticus subspecies. A slight separation of Kenya O. niloticus from the O. niloticus niloticus strains is consistent with its subspecific distinction as O. niloticus vulcani. Among three species, O. niloticus had a closer affinity to O. aureus than to O. mossambicus. The phylogenetic relation-ships using differences in haemoglobin patterns and the higher genetic variability of O. niloticus reflect similar results obtained from existing studies using allozymes. In general, the presence of multiple fish haemoglobins is attributed to their adaptability to haeterogeneous environments. This attribute is typical of tilapias. JF - Aquaculture Research AU - Macaranas, J M AU - Agustin, L Q AU - Eknath, A E AD - Queensland Univ. Technol., GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 597 EP - 601 VL - 27 IS - 8 SN - 1355-557X, 1355-557X KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - subpopulations KW - phylogeny KW - Oreochromis KW - Oreochromis aureus KW - blood cells KW - Oreochromis mossambicus KW - haemoglobins KW - adaptations KW - Freshwater KW - Oreochromis niloticus KW - Q1 08345:Genetics and evolution KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15838415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture+Research&rft.atitle=Multiple+haemoglobins+in+three+tilapiine+species+of+the+genus+Oreochromis+and+in+eight+strains+of+O.+niloticus+%28L.%29&rft.au=Macaranas%2C+J+M%3BAgustin%2C+L+Q%3BEknath%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Macaranas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture+Research&rft.issn=1355557X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - subpopulations; phylogeny; blood cells; haemoglobins; adaptations; Oreochromis aureus; Oreochromis; Oreochromis mossambicus; Oreochromis niloticus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maturity in male mud crabs, Scylla serrata, and the use of mating scars as a functional indicator AN - 15808412; 3999382 AB - Based on information from commercial catches of mud crabs (Scylla serrata) in northern Australia, 3 stages in male maturity were identified. The first transition between these stages occurred from 90-110-mm carapace width (CW), as immature crabs attained physiological maturity. This initial stage of maturity was characterized by small-clawed "adolescent" crabs. The second transition took place between 140 and 160-mm CW as adolescent males developed the large-clawed "adult" morphometry. Functional maturity was quantified by the presence of "mating scars" on the front ambulatory legs and sternum of a male. Although some adolescent crabs mated, functional maturity was far more prevalent among adult crabs, especially those in late intermolt. This is attributed to late intermolt, adult males having a greater competitive advantage during mating. The minimum legal size-limits enforced throughout Australia will protect immature males, but do not necessarily ensure that they reach the adult stage or mate successfully. JF - Journal of crustacean biology. Washington DC AU - Knuckey, IA AD - Fish. Div., Northern Territory Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., G.P.O. Box 990, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 487 EP - 495 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0278-0372, 0278-0372 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - fisheries KW - measuring techniques KW - Scylla serrata KW - resource management KW - growth KW - D 04665:Crustaceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15808412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+crustacean+biology.+Washington+DC&rft.atitle=Maturity+in+male+mud+crabs%2C+Scylla+serrata%2C+and+the+use+of+mating+scars+as+a+functional+indicator&rft.au=Knuckey%2C+IA&rft.aulast=Knuckey&rft.aufirst=IA&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+crustacean+biology.+Washington+DC&rft.issn=02780372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Scylla serrata; fisheries; resource management; growth; measuring techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Second Moment Method for Evaluating Human Health Risks from Groundwater Contaminated by Trichloroethylene AN - 14424365; 10522316 AB - Trichloroethylene is a carcinogenic contaminant of groundwater. Transport models are used to estimate transport. In an aquifer contaminated by trichloroethylene, a second moment method was used to estimate the risk of exceeding safe doses. The probability is a function of trichloroethylene concentration variability, which includes hydrogeologic factors, and the human response variability. As an example, data from contaminated groundwater at the Hill Air Force Base, Utah, was input. Although different strategies to remediate contaminated groundwater can be compared using this method, characterization of safe doses for humans may be inaccurate, since the distribution may not be normal. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Jacobs, Timothy L AU - Warmerdam, John M AU - Medina, Miguel A AU - Piver, Warren T Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 866 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - UTAH KW - TRICHLOROETHYLENE KW - GROUNDWATER KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, TRANSPORT KW - CHEMICAL RESIDUES, WATER KW - WATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14424365?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Second+Moment+Method+for+Evaluating+Human+Health+Risks+from+Groundwater+Contaminated+by+Trichloroethylene&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Timothy+L%3BWarmerdam%2C+John+M%3BMedina%2C+Miguel+A%3BPiver%2C+Warren+T&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=866&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; MATHEMATIC MODELS, TRANSPORT; UTAH; CHEMICAL RESIDUES, WATER; WATER POLLUTION; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; GROUNDWATER ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PBPK Modeling/Monte Carlo Simulation of Methylene Chloride Kinetic Changes in Mice in Relation to Age and Acute, Subchronic, and Chronic Inhalation Exposure AN - 14424079; 10522315 AB - Mice inhaled methylene chloride for up to two years, and were investigated for kinetic changes at various intervals during that time. After one day and one month of inhalation, the rate constant for mixed function oxidase was increased compared to controls, but the rate constant for glutathione transferase decreased. The mixed function oxidase rate constant was lower after two years of exposure than after one month of exposure, although the initial increase was identical. Solubility of methylene chloride in tissues was not altered by long-term exposure, except for the partition coefficient between fat and air, which was slightly decreased. However solubility differences that were related to age were found for several tissues relative to air. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Thomas, Russell S AU - Yang, Raymond SH AU - Morgan, Daniel G AU - Moorman, Michael P AU - Kermani, Hamid RS AU - Sloan, Richard A AU - O'Connor, Robert W Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 858 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HALOCARBONS KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS KW - SOLUBILITY KW - GLUTATHIONE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14424079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=PBPK+Modeling%2FMonte+Carlo+Simulation+of+Methylene+Chloride+Kinetic+Changes+in+Mice+in+Relation+to+Age+and+Acute%2C+Subchronic%2C+and+Chronic+Inhalation+Exposure&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Russell+S%3BYang%2C+Raymond+SH%3BMorgan%2C+Daniel+G%3BMoorman%2C+Michael+P%3BKermani%2C+Hamid+RS%3BSloan%2C+Richard+A%3BO%27Connor%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=858&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HALOCARBONS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; SOLUBILITY; GLUTATHIONE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generation of Glycolaldehyde from Guinea Pig Airway Epithelial Monolayers Exposed to Nitrogen Dioxide and Its Effects on Sodium Pump Activity AN - 14422255; 10522314 AB - Monolayers of guinea pig airway epithelial cells were exposed to nitrogen dioxide, and excess glycolaldehyde was detected in basolateral fluid. After exposure to 1 ppm or 5 ppm nitrogen dioxide for one hour, levels were more than four and more than ten times, respectively, the levels found after control cells were exposed to air. When exogenous glycolaldehyde was added to the basolateral fluid, uptake of radiolabeled ouabain sensitive basolateral rubidium was inhibited. When the glycolaldehyde was generated by nitrogen dioxide exposure, however, the uptake of the substance was elevated for a sustained period. Therefore, exposure nitrogen dioxide must produce alterations in sodium and potassium ATPase activity in the monolayers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Robison, Timothy W AU - Zhou, Huanfang AU - Kim, Kwang-Jin Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 852 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - NITROGEN DIOXIDE KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Generation+of+Glycolaldehyde+from+Guinea+Pig+Airway+Epithelial+Monolayers+Exposed+to+Nitrogen+Dioxide+and+Its+Effects+on+Sodium+Pump+Activity&rft.au=Robison%2C+Timothy+W%3BZhou%2C+Huanfang%3BKim%2C+Kwang-Jin&rft.aulast=Robison&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NITROGEN DIOXIDE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capturing Cryptosporidium AN - 14422225; 10522312 AB - The Cryptosporidium contamination incident in the Milwaukee water supply in 1993 affected more than 400,000 people, killing 100. Since then other water supplies have been affected. In the effort to develop simple method for detecting the organism, a way of concentrating the Cryptosporidium has been developed. The method uses a modified blood separating centrifuge. Water was pumped in through the input line for blood. After centrifugation the water in the channel normally used for blood separation was subjected to immunofluorescence assay. When input was 150 ml/min, recovery of Cryptosporidium from spiked samples was close to 100%. Results were unaffected by variations in turbidity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Joyce, Stephanie Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 834 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RECOVERY, PERCENT KW - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS KW - WATER ANALYSIS KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - PROTOZOA KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422225?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Capturing+Cryptosporidium&rft.au=Joyce%2C+Stephanie&rft.aulast=Joyce&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=834&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; RECOVERY, PERCENT; WATER, DRINKING; WATER ANALYSIS; PROTOZOA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health and Respirable Particulate (PM sub(10)) Air Pollution: A Causal or Statistical Association? AN - 14422156; 10522313 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gamble, John F AU - Lewis, RJeffrey Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 838 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTANTS KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - PARTICULATES KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+and+Respirable+Particulate+%28PM+sub%2810%29%29+Air+Pollution%3A+A+Causal+or+Statistical+Association%3F&rft.au=Gamble%2C+John+F%3BLewis%2C+RJeffrey&rft.aulast=Gamble&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=838&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, AIR; AIR POLLUTANTS; POPULATION SAMPLING; MORTALITY PATTERNS; PARTICULATES; LITERATURE SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring Mercury AN - 14421998; 10522311 AB - Natural and manmade mercury enters the environment from the atmosphere and soil where it is biotransformed into methylmercury by bacteria and enters the food chain. Fish bioaccumulate mercury, and ingestion of fish containing mercury can have adverse effects on human health. The FDA and EPA have set exposure limits for mercury, which is a neurotoxic agent, although EPA standards are far more conservative than those of the FDA. A synthetic gene has been developed that may enable plants to remove mercury from growth medium. In addition, the presence of mercury in dental amalgams has come under investigation as a possible public health hazard, although FDA, the Public Health Service, the American Dental Association, and most dentists attest to their safety. A brief overview of the controversy is presented. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 826 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, FISH KW - NEUROTOXICITY KW - METHYLMERCURY KW - EPA, FEDERAL KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION KW - FOOD CHAINS KW - THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES KW - MERCURY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14421998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Measuring+Mercury&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=826&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t drawings N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NEUROTOXICITY; BIOACCUMULATION, FISH; THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES; FOOD CHAINS; METHYLMERCURY; EPA, FEDERAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; MERCURY; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; US FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ER - TY - GEN T1 - Youth Violence: Examining the Role of the Federal Government and Nongovernment Organizations in Establishing Solutions for Combatting Juvenile Crime. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Children and Families of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62599091; ED401352 AB - A hearing was held before the Senate Subcommittee on Children and Families of the Committee on Labor and Human Relations to discuss possible solutions to the problem of juvenile crime. An opening statement by parents whose young child was murdered by an adolescent set the scene for the panel discussion that followed. James Fox, a professor of juvenile justice, described the crisis in juvenile crime as it exists and asserted that the public sector must become as involved as the private sector, and that violence prevention efforts are needed in the early grades. Journalist Edward Humes considered the role of the courts and their present inadequacies in the face of increased juvenile crime. John DiIulio, professor and director of the Brookings Institution's Center for Public Management, explored the vital role inner-city churches can play in crime prevention. The Reverend Eugene Rivers described some efforts churches have made in crime prevention. Law professor Jimmy Gurule expressed the need for comprehensive services from multiple providers, and Jerry Regier of the Oklahoma Department of Juvenile Justice described some of that state's crime prevention initiatives. Panelists also discussed the role of the school and athletic programs, and the adverse effects of television on juvenile attitudes. Prepared statements of these speakers and of Senators Ashcroft and Dodd are included in an appendix. (SLD) Y1 - 1996/07/18/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 18 SP - 75 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160534151 KW - Congress 104th KW - Juvenile Crime KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Public Sector KW - Integrated Services KW - Urban Problems KW - Government Role KW - Delinquency KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - School Safety KW - Violence KW - Private Sector KW - Church Role KW - Prevention KW - Hearings KW - Juvenile Justice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62599091?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - CIA's Use of Journalists and Clergy in Intelligence Operations AN - 1679136069; CO02049 AB - Transcribes Senate Select Committee on Intelligence hearing about policy on Central Intelligence Agency's use of journalists, clergy, or Peace Corps volunteers in carrying out intelligence operations. AU - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 1996 SP - 48 KW - Clergy KW - Congressional hearings KW - Covert operations KW - Espionage KW - International voluntary services KW - Journalists KW - News media KW - Policy making KW - U.S. News and World Report KW - Argue, Don KW - Spaulding, Suzanne KW - Anderson, Terry A. KW - Robb, Charles S. KW - McGhee, Kathleen KW - Deutch, John M. KW - Kerry, John F. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Gearan, Mark D. KW - Page, Rodney KW - Glenn, John KW - Daniloff, Nicholas KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Straub, Chris KW - Koppel, Ted KW - Zuckerman, Mortimer B. KW - Battaglia, Charles KW - Coverdell, Paul L. KW - Orme, John KW - Hatfield, Mark O. KW - Adelman, Kenneth L. KW - LaVerdiere, Claudette KW - Argue, Don KW - Spaulding, Suzanne KW - Anderson, Terry A. KW - Robb, Charles S. KW - McGhee, Kathleen KW - Deutch, John M. KW - Kerry, John F. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Gearan, Mark D. KW - Page, Rodney KW - Glenn, John KW - Daniloff, Nicholas KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Straub, Chris KW - Koppel, Ted KW - Zuckerman, Mortimer B. KW - Battaglia, Charles KW - Coverdell, Paul L. KW - Orme, John KW - Hatfield, Mark O. KW - Adelman, Kenneth L. KW - LaVerdiere, Claudette UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679136069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=CIA%27s+Use+of+Journalists+and+Clergy+in+Intelligence+Operations&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - American Broadcasting Company, Inc.; International Foreign Mission Association; Maryknoll Sisters Congregation; National Association of Evangelicals; National Council of Churches; United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Defense Intelligence Agency; United States. Peace Corps N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing N1 - People - Adelman, Kenneth L.; Anderson, Terry A.; Argue, Don; Battaglia, Charles; Coverdell, Paul L.; Daniloff, Nicholas; Deutch, John M.; Gearan, Mark D.; Glenn, John; Hatfield, Mark O.; Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob"); Kerry, John F.; Koppel, Ted; LaVerdiere, Claudette; McGhee, Kathleen; Orme, John; Page, Rodney; Robb, Charles S.; Spaulding, Suzanne; Specter, Arlen; Straub, Chris; Zuckerman, Mortimer B. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Saudi Arabia and Beirut: Lesson Learned on Intelligence Support and Counterterrorism Programs AN - 1679146747; CO02048 AB - Transcribes Senate Select Committee on Intelligence's hearing about adequacy of intelligence support on activities in Saudi Arabia and preventing terrorism. AU - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 1996 SP - 40 KW - Bombings KW - Congressional hearings KW - Counterterrorism KW - Dhahran Air Field (Saudi Arabia) KW - Human intelligence KW - Lebanon KW - Libya KW - Saudi Arabia KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Trainor, Bernard E. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Murray, Robert J. KW - Long, Robert L.J. KW - Lang, Pat KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Trainor, Bernard E. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Murray, Robert J. KW - Long, Robert L.J. KW - Lang, Pat UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679146747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+and+Beirut%3A+Lesson+Learned+on+Intelligence+Support+and+Counterterrorism+Programs&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-07-09&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Marine Corps N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing N1 - People - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob"); Lang, Pat; Long, Robert L.J.; Murray, Robert J.; Specter, Arlen; Trainor, Bernard E. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion channel expression in PMA-differentiated human THP-1 macrophages. AN - 78737318; 9139125 AB - Ion channel expression was studied in THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells induced to differentiate into macrophage-like cells by exposure to the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Inactivating delayed rectifier K+ currents, IDR, present in almost all undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes, were absent from PMA-differentiated macrophages. Two K+ channels were observed in THP-1 cells only after differentiation into macrophages, an inwardly rectifying K+ channel (IIR) and a Ca2+-activated maxi-K channel (IBK). IIR was a classical inward rectifier, conducting large inward currents negative to EK and very small outward currents. IIR was blocked in a voltage-dependent manner by Cs+, Na+, and Ba2+, block increasing with hyperpolarization. Block by Na+ and Ba2+ was time-dependent, whereas Cs+ block was too fast to resolve. Rb+ was sparingly permeant. In cell-attached patches with high [K+] in the pipette, the single IIR channel conductance was approximately 30 pS and no outward current could be detected. IBK channels were observed in cell-attached or inside-out patches and in whole-cell configuration. In cell-attached patches the conductance was approximately 200-250 pS and at potentials positive to approximately 100 mV a negative slope conductance of the unitary current was observed, suggesting block by intracellular Na+. IBK was activated at large positive potentials in cell-attached patches; in inside-out patches the voltage-activation relationship was shifted to more negative potentials by increased [Ca2+]. Macroscopic IBK was blocked by external TEA+ with half block at 0.35 mM. THP-1 cells were found to contain mRNA for Kv1.3 and IRK1. Levels of mRNA coding for these K+ channels were studied by competitive PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and were found to change upon differentiation in the same direction as did channel expression: IRK1 mRNA increased at least 5-fold, and Kv1.3 mRNA decreased on average 7-fold. Possible functional correlates of the changes in ion channel expression during differentiation of THP-1 cells are discussed. JF - The Journal of membrane biology AU - DeCoursey, T E AU - Kim, S Y AU - Silver, M R AU - Quandt, F N AD - Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 141 EP - 157 VL - 152 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2631, 0022-2631 KW - Cations, Divalent KW - 0 KW - Ion Channels KW - KCNA3 protein, human KW - Kv1.3 Potassium Channel KW - Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Potassium Channels KW - Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated KW - Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying KW - Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated KW - Protons KW - RNA, Messenger KW - RNA, Neoplasm KW - Tetraethylammonium Compounds KW - Tetraethylammonium KW - 66-40-0 KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - RNA, Neoplasm -- biosynthesis KW - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid KW - Humans KW - Tetraethylammonium Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Potassium Channels -- drug effects KW - RNA, Messenger -- biosynthesis KW - Ion Channel Gating -- drug effects KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Potassium Channels -- metabolism KW - Base Sequence KW - Patch-Clamp Techniques KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Cations, Divalent -- pharmacology KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- biosynthesis KW - Monocytes -- physiology KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- genetics KW - Ion Channels -- biosynthesis KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Ion Channels -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects KW - Macrophages -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78737318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.atitle=Ion+channel+expression+in+PMA-differentiated+human+THP-1+macrophages.&rft.au=DeCoursey%2C+T+E%3BKim%2C+S+Y%3BSilver%2C+M+R%3BQuandt%2C+F+N&rft.aulast=DeCoursey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.issn=00222631&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ion channels in human THP-1 monocytes. AN - 78735074; 9139123 AB - The THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cell line is a useful model of macrophage differentiation. Patch clamp methods were used to identify five types of ion channels in undifferentiated THP-1 monocytes. (i) Delayed rectifier K+ current, IDR, was activated by depolarization to potentials positive to -50 mV, inactivated with a time constant of several hundred msec, and recovered from inactivation with a time constant approximately21 sec. IDR was inhibited by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), tetraethylammonium (TEA+), and potently by charybdotoxin (ChTX). (ii) Ca-activated K+ current (ISK) dominated whole-cell currents in cells studied with 3-10 micron [Ca2+]i. ISK was at most weakly voltage-dependent, with reduced conductance at large positive potentials, and was inhibited by ChTX and weakly by TEA+, Cs+, and Ba2+, but not 4-AP or apamin. Block by Cs+ and Ba2+ was enhanced by hyperpolarization. (iii) Nonselective cation current, Icat, appeared at voltages above +20 mV. Little time-dependence was observed, and a panel of channel blockers was without effect. (iv) Chloride current, ICl, was present early in experiments, but disappeared with time. (v) Voltage-activated H+ selective current is described in detail in a companion paper (DeCoursey & Cherny, 1996. J. Membrane Biol. 152:2). The ion channels in THP-1 cells are compared with channels described in other macrophage-related cells. Profound changes in ion channel expression that occur during differentiation of THP-1 cells are described in a companion paper (DeCoursey et al., 1996. J. Membrane Biol. 152:2). JF - The Journal of membrane biology AU - Kim, S Y AU - Silver, M R AU - DeCoursey, T E AD - Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Division, Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 117 EP - 130 VL - 152 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2631, 0022-2631 KW - Cations, Divalent KW - 0 KW - Chloride Channels KW - Ion Channels KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Potassium Channels KW - Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated KW - Tetraethylammonium Compounds KW - charybdotoxin receptor KW - potassium channel protein I(sk) KW - Charybdotoxin KW - 115422-61-2 KW - Apamin KW - 24345-16-2 KW - Tetraethylammonium KW - 66-40-0 KW - 4-Aminopyridine KW - BH3B64OKL9 KW - Potassium KW - RWP5GA015D KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Tetraethylammonium Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Chloride Channels -- metabolism KW - Apamin -- pharmacology KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Potassium Channels -- drug effects KW - Charybdotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Potassium -- metabolism KW - Ion Channel Gating -- drug effects KW - Potassium Channels -- metabolism KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - 4-Aminopyridine -- pharmacology KW - Chloride Channels -- drug effects KW - Cations, Divalent -- pharmacology KW - Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute -- pathology KW - Monocytes -- physiology KW - Ion Channels -- drug effects KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- metabolism KW - Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute -- metabolism KW - Ion Channels -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78735074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.atitle=Ion+channels+in+human+THP-1+monocytes.&rft.au=Kim%2C+S+Y%3BSilver%2C+M+R%3BDeCoursey%2C+T+E&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.issn=00222631&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Voltage-activated proton currents in human THP-1 monocytes. AN - 78727596; 9139124 AB - Depolarization-activated H+-selective currents were studied using whole-cell and excised-patch voltage clamp methods in human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells, before and after being induced by phorbol ester to differentiate into macrophage-like cells. The H+ conductance, gH, activated slowly during depolarizing pulses, with a sigmoidal time course. Fitted by a single exponential following a delay, the activation time constant, tauact was roughly 10 sec at threshold potentials, decreasing at more positive potentials. Tail currents upon repolarization decayed mono-exponentially at all potentials. The tail current time constant, tautail, was voltage dependent, decreasing with hyperpolarization from 2-3 sec at 0 mV to approximately 200 msec at -100 mV. Surprisingly, although tauact depended strongly on pHo, tautail was completely independent of pHo. H+ currents were inhibited by Zn2+. Increasing pHo or decreasing pHi shifted the voltage-activation relationship to more negative potentials, tending to activate the gH at any given voltage. Studied in excised, inside-out membrane patches, H+ currents were larger and activated much more rapidly at lower bath pH (i.e., pHi). In THP-1 cells differentiated into macrophages, the H+ current density was reduced by one-half, and tauact was slower by about twofold. The properties of H+ channels in THP-1 cells and in other macrophage-related cells are compared. JF - The Journal of membrane biology AU - DeCoursey, T E AU - Cherny, V V AD - Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 131 EP - 140 VL - 152 IS - 2 SN - 0022-2631, 0022-2631 KW - Ion Channels KW - 0 KW - Neoplasm Proteins KW - Protons KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ion Channel Gating -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Patch-Clamp Techniques KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Humans KW - Mammals -- physiology KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Snails -- physiology KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Electric Stimulation KW - Cell Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Macrophages -- metabolism KW - Ion Channel Gating -- drug effects KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- drug effects KW - Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute -- pathology KW - Neoplasm Proteins -- physiology KW - Monocytes -- physiology KW - Ion Channels -- drug effects KW - Monocytes -- drug effects KW - Ion Channels -- physiology KW - Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78727596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.atitle=Voltage-activated+proton+currents+in+human+THP-1+monocytes.&rft.au=DeCoursey%2C+T+E%3BCherny%2C+V+V&rft.aulast=DeCoursey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+membrane+biology&rft.issn=00222631&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Selected Papers in School Finance, 1994. AN - 62701835; ED397529 AB - Of all the areas within public elementary and secondary education that are experiencing rapid change, none is experiencing more turmoil than school finance. This publication contains papers commissioned by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to address the twin concerns of what additional school-finance information NCES should collect and report, and how extant data might be analyzed to address interesting questions faced by the school-finance profession. Following the introduction and overview by William J. Fowler, Jr., the first three papers present three perspectives on what the nation's data needs are in the area of school finance. Specifically, the papers examine whether recent changes to the NCES financial collection satisfied the data needs of educational policymakers and the school-finance research community. They include: (1) "Recommendations to the National Center for Education Statistics to Improve Its Role Regarding School Finance Data: The Perspective of State Policymakers" (John Augenblick); (2) "Issues and Data Needs in School Finance" (Susan H. Fuhrman); and (3) "A Call for Multiple Intrastate Studies" (William W. Cooley). The remaining three papers concern emerging school-finance topics that pose statistical and measurement problems for NCES: (4) "Estimating the Costs of an Educational Voucher System" (Henry M. Levin and Cyrus E. Driver); (5) "Intrastate Cost Adjustments" (Walter W. McMahon); and (6) "Costs of Measuring and Providing Opportunity to Learn: Preliminary Thoughts" (Allan Odden). Most papers contain references. (LMI) AU - Fowler, William J. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 137 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487161 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Access to Education KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - State Aid KW - Expenditures KW - Statistical Inference KW - Policy Formation KW - School District Spending KW - Cost Effectiveness KW - Performance KW - Educational Vouchers KW - Educational Research KW - State Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701835?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Degrees and Other Awards Conferred by Institutions of Higher Education: 1993-94. E.D. TABS. AN - 62701803; ED397761 AB - This report summarizes results of survey data gathered by the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System concerning the numbers and types of degrees awarded in academic year 1993-94, by level of award (associate, bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and first professional), field of study, gender of recipient, control of institution (public/private), and within field of study, by racial/ethnic group (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, Asian America/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, nonresident alien). Data are limited to the 3,651 institutions in the 50 states and District of Columbia, accredited by a federally-recognized agency. An introductory section describes the survey's methodology and reporting specifications. Thirteen summary data tables are presented. Highlighted findings include: (1) institutions conferred just over 2.2 million degrees in academic year 1993-94, a 2 percent increase over 1992-93; (2) 24 percent of awarded degrees were associate's degrees, 53 percent were bachelor's degrees, 17 percent were master's degrees, 2 percent were doctoral degrees, and 3 percent were first-professional degrees; (3) public institutions awarded almost 69 percent of all degrees; (4) women received the majority of all degrees (55 percent), and increase of 3 percent over the previous year; (5) White, non Hispanics received nearly 77 percent of all degrees awarded, while minorities' share rose from 15 to 16 percent; the number of bachelor's and master's degrees awarded to Hispanics increased by over 10 percent; the number of degrees to black, non-Hispanics increased at all levels; Asian or Pacific islanders received a larger number of degrees at all levels with the most dramatic percentage increase being at the doctoral level, up 27 percent; and (6) non-resident aliens, who received 5 percent of all degrees, received 12 percent of all master's degrees and 27 percent of all doctoral degrees. (MSE) AU - Morgan, Frank B. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 89 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487110 KW - Higher Education General Information Survey KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Intellectual Disciplines KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Womens Education KW - Masters Degrees KW - Student Characteristics KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Associate Degrees KW - Foreign Students KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Minority Groups KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Sex Differences KW - Professional Education KW - Doctoral Degrees KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62701803?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Federal Libraries and Information Centers in the United States: 1994. E.D. Tabs. AN - 62697794; ED397859 AB - This report is based on information from the Federal Libraries and Information Centers Survey, FY 1994. Data in this report came from federal libraries and information centers that meet certain criteria, which includes having at least one paid part-time or full-time principal staff person. Nationwide, 94.1% of the libraries and information centers responded. The 34 tables in this report summarize staffing, collections, service per typical week, automation, technology, and preservation for federal libraries and information centers in the 50 states and District of Columbia, excluding elementary and secondary school libraries. The requests and searches service data are per typical week FY 1994, whereas, the remainder of the data are annual FY 1994. The survey methodology and the survey questionnaire are included at the end of the document. (AEF) Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 117 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160487196 KW - Federal Libraries and Information Centers Survey KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Library Statistics KW - Library Surveys KW - Library Personnel KW - Government Libraries KW - Library Collections KW - Library Automation KW - Federal Government KW - Preservation KW - National Surveys KW - Library Services KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62697794?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared for NCES by the Bureau of the Census. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Schools and Staffing in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1993-94. AN - 62697521; ED398289 AB - The National Center for Education Statistics recently released results of the 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS, an integrated survey of public and private schools, school districts, principals, and teachers, is the most comprehensive survey of the school work force and teacher supply and demand ever conducted in the United States. First administered in 1987-88, SASS was repeated in 1990-91 and in 1993-94. From now on, it will be repeated at 5-year intervals, with the next administration planned for 1998-99. One year after the SASS, the Teacher Followup Survey collects information from SASS teachers, sampling those who have left teaching and those who have continued to teach. This report uses SASS data to develop a comprehensive portrait of public and private schools and staffing in the United States by focusing on school characteristics. Each table provides data separately for public and private schools. Within each sector, data are shown by community type and then by school level, size, and percent minority enrollment. The nation's 107,000 schools enrolled a total of 46.6 million students in 1993-94. About 5 million were enrolled in private schools. Students were served by about 2.9 million teachers in that year. Appendixes present public school, state, and private school tables, standard errors for selected tables, and technical notes. (Contains 41 figures, 64 tables, and 38 appendix tables.) (SLD) AU - Henke, Robin R. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 223 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048720X KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Error of Measurement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - School Statistics KW - Public Schools KW - Followup Studies KW - Profiles KW - Enrollment KW - Teachers KW - Data Collection KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62697521?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1993-94 Schools and Staffing Survey, see E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Education in States and Nations: Indicators Comparing U.S. States with Other Industrialized Countries in 1991. Second Edition. AN - 62697478; ED398287 AB - Indicators in this volume provide international benchmarks for assessing the condition of education in U.S. states and in the United States as a whole by comparison with many other industrialized countries for which data are available. On six sets of indicators (37 indicators in all), country-level and state-level measures are arrayed side-by-side to facilitate comparison. The indicators are grouped into six categories: (1) background; (2) participation; (3) processes and institutions; (4) achievement and attainment; (5) labor market outcomes; and (6) finance. The presentation of each indicator includes an explanation of what it measures, why it is important, and key results from a comparison of countries and states. Throughout the report, comparisons are most often made in the text among like-sized entities. The presentation of each indicator also includes separate tables for states and countries and graphs that display states and countries together. Supplemental notes and a statistical appendix include supplemental and technical information on how measures in the indicators were calculated, and a glossary is included. (Contains 37 two-part tables and 37 figures, some of which have several parts.) (SLD) AU - Phelps, Richard P. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 372 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486858 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Educational Indicators KW - Educational Finance KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - International Education KW - Educational Attainment KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Cross Cultural Studies KW - Comparative Analysis KW - International Studies KW - Foreign Countries KW - Educational Practices KW - Educational Policy KW - Enrollment KW - Labor Market KW - Educational Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62697478?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the first edition (1988 Indicators), see ED 36 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The 1996 National Survey of Public Libraries and the Internet: Progress and Issues. Final Report. AN - 62604576; ED398932 AB - This 1996 National Commission on Libraries and Information Science (NCLIS) survey gathered data from a national sample of public libraries concerning the current level of public library involvement with the Internet. The purpose of this study was to: (1) provide policymakers, researchers, and library professionals with longitudinal data that measured changes in public library Internet involvement since the first survey in 1994; (2) identify costs for public library Internet services; and (3) identify issues and inform the policy debate concerning public library roles in the electronic networked environment. This final report is divided into three sections: Introduction; Study Results; and Progress and Issues. The introduction discusses the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and the Library Services and Construction Act/Library Services and Technology Act; intellectual property and the National Information Infrastructure; and an electronic federal depository library program. The second section discusses study methodology; public library demographics; accessing the Internet; the current state of public library Internet connectivity; Internet uses and public access services; and benefits to connecting to the Internet. The third section focuses on disparities; connectivity versus services; the goal of universal service; quality of network services; the life cycle of public library Internet development; and preparation for the next survey. Appendices include the survey instrument, survey alert, and cover letter, and information about the authors. (Contains 27 references, and 45 figures that present survey data.) (Author/AEF) AU - Bertot, John Carlo Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 81 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; U.S. National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, 1110 Vermont Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20005-3522. Electronic version at http://www.nclis.gov/ KW - Connectivity KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Information Services KW - Information Policy KW - Public Libraries KW - Library Services KW - Depository Libraries KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Library Role KW - Library Development KW - Demography KW - Costs KW - Library Surveys KW - Access to Information KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62604576?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The Role of Leadership in Sustaining School Reform: Voices from the Field. AN - 62601607; ED399643 AB - "Strong leadership" is almost always listed as an attribute of successful schools. To learn the views of outstanding school leaders, each regional representative of the U.S. Department of Education (USED) convened a meeting of 25-30 local educators well known for their leadership in sustained school-improvement efforts. The groups were composed of principals, teachers, parents, and others. This report summarizes focus-group participants' views toward and personal experiences with leadership for sustained reform. Respondents said that effective leaders cultivated a broad definition of community and gave voice to all stakeholders; were committed to the dream and adopted key values; used knowledge to minimize failure and encourage risk-taking; demonstrated savvy and persistence; and put to use an array of personal characteristics (humor, passion, empathy, creativity, common sense, and patience). The sample reported that they utilized three kinds of self-assessment strategies--individual, small-group, and formal. Competence in designing and implementing self-assessment plans should be a central element of leaders' professional development. Two tables are included. Appendices contain excerpts from the Leadership Rubric aligned with provisions of the Kentucky Education Reform Act and a list of additional resources. (LMI) AU - Nadeau, Adel AU - Leighton, Mary S. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 93 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - ED/ODS-96-2 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Self Evaluation (Individuals) KW - Leadership Responsibility KW - Leadership Qualities KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Professional Development KW - Leadership Training KW - Educational Improvement KW - Leadership Styles KW - School Restructuring KW - Educational Change KW - Portfolio Assessment KW - Leadership UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62601607?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rural Development from Below: Lessons Learned from Grameen Bank Experience in Bangladesh AN - 61605332; 199702927 AB - Discusses the success of the Grameen Bank, an innovative rural banking program, in promoting rural development in Bangladesh, particularly through poverty alleviation. The analysis draws on primary data collected in a 1990 village survey conducted in Rangpur district, involving interviews with all members (N = 49) of the Gangachara branch of Grameen Bank, supplemented by data from 51 households in the adjacent villages. The organizational & management strategies of the Grameen Bank are identified, noting how it differs from other grassroots organizations initiated by the government. The bank's socioeconomic impact is assessed, & its applicability in other societies considered. 7 Tables, 1 Figure, 3 Appendixes, 20 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Socio-Economics AU - Rahman, Atiur AD - Bangladesh Instit Development Studies, E-17 Agargeon Sher-e-Bangla Nagar GPO Box No 3854 Dhaka-1207 Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 189 EP - 223 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 1053-5357, 1053-5357 KW - rural development, Grameen Bank program, Bangladesh KW - 1990 village survey KW - Rural Development KW - Credit KW - Community Development KW - Banking KW - Bangladesh KW - article KW - 8350: social development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61605332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Socio-Economics&rft.atitle=Rural+Development+from+Below%3A+Lessons+Learned+from+Grameen+Bank+Experience+in+Bangladesh&rft.au=Rahman%2C+Atiur&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Atiur&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Socio-Economics&rft.issn=10535357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rural Development; Community Development; Banking; Credit; Bangladesh ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors Affecting Use of Contraception in Matlab, Bangladesh AN - 61463657; 9705200 AB - The relationship between family planning, perceived availability of contraceptives, & sociodemographic factors in rural Bangladesh is examined, drawing on 1990 survey data from 8,500 married women ages 15-49 in Matlab. The contraceptive prevalence rate was 57% in the treatment area, but substantially lower in a comparison area where mainly traditional methods of family planning were used by women unaware of a source of contraceptives. Education had no effect on contraceptive use in the treatment area, but in the comparison area, modest but consistent differentials in use by level of education were found. Number of living children was the best predictor for contraceptive use, followed by number of living sons, & the attitude of respondents & their husbands toward family planning. 9 Tables, 13 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Biosocial Science AU - Khan, Mehrab Ali AD - International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, GPO Box 128 Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 265 EP - 279 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9320, 0021-9320 KW - contraceptive use, rural Bangladesh KW - perceived availability, sociodemographic factors KW - 1990 survey KW - women, Matlab KW - Birth Control KW - Rural Women KW - Family Planning KW - Bangladesh KW - Rural Areas KW - Sociodemographic Factors KW - article KW - 1977: the family and socialization; birth control (abortion, contraception, fertility, & childbearing) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61463657?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biosocial+Science&rft.atitle=Factors+Affecting+Use+of+Contraception+in+Matlab%2C+Bangladesh&rft.au=Khan%2C+Mehrab+Ali&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Mehrab&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biosocial+Science&rft.issn=00219320&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JBSLAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birth Control; Family Planning; Sociodemographic Factors; Rural Areas; Bangladesh; Rural Women ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Divorce, Gender Role, and Higher Education Expansion AN - 61462435; 9710754 AB - By linking the expanded role of women in society to the expanded participation of women in higher education, & by using the rising rates of divorce & unemployment as indicators of increased disenfranchisement of women in patriarchal societies, an attempt is made to determine why women's participation in higher education has risen so dramatically in the US & the UK since 1970. Regression analyses of secondary data demonstrate that the divorce rate is positively related to women's enrollment in higher education in the US, & that the relationship between unemployment & enrollment varies by sex in both countries. Cultural differences in educational opportunities, the impact of divorce, governmental policies related to women's welfare, & the role of educational credentials in social mobility are also considered. 5 Tables, 48 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Higher Education AU - Tian, Yanfeng AD - Telesec, LMB 34 Madison Bldg Library Congress Washington DC 20540 Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1 EP - 22 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0018-1560, 0018-1560 KW - higher education, women's increased enrollment, US/UK KW - unemployment, divorce KW - secondary empirical data KW - Divorce KW - Sociocultural Factors KW - Educational Opportunities KW - Unemployment KW - Enrollment KW - United States of America KW - Higher Education KW - Females KW - United Kingdom KW - Education Work Relationship KW - article KW - 1432: sociology of education; sociology of education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61462435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Higher+Education&rft.atitle=Divorce%2C+Gender+Role%2C+and+Higher+Education+Expansion&rft.au=Tian%2C+Yanfeng&rft.aulast=Tian&rft.aufirst=Yanfeng&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Higher+Education&rft.issn=00181560&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - HREDAN N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - United Kingdom; United States of America; Higher Education; Females; Enrollment; Education Work Relationship; Divorce; Unemployment; Educational Opportunities; Sociocultural Factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Kuna people will make our history and our future, Panama TT - El pueblo kuna haremos nuestra historia y nuestro futuro, Panamá. AN - 38998005; 1578530 JF - Ameríca indígena Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 95 EP - 110 VL - LVI IS - Special SN - 0002-7081, 0002-7081 KW - Anthropology KW - Panama KW - History KW - Kuna KW - Cultural identity KW - Self-determination KW - Indigenous populations KW - Migration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38998005?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Amer%C3%ADca+ind%C3%ADgena&rft.atitle=The+Kuna+people+will+make+our+history+and+our+future%2C+Panama&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=LVI&rft.issue=Special&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Amer%C3%ADca+ind%C3%ADgena&rft.issn=00027081&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Spanish DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 5889; 6314 9846; 3146 6191; 8040; 11470; Kuna; 321 84 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Construction and use of a new vector/transposon, pLBT::mini-Tn10:lac:kan, to identify environmentally responsive genes in a marine bacterium AN - 16069092; 4105877 AB - The previously described pLOFKm transposon delivery plasmid was engineered such that a promoterless lacZ gene was cloned within the transposon cassette, generating the vector pLBT. Using pLBT, stable insertion mutations were generated at high frequencies in Vibrio sp. S141 and Pseudomonas sp. S91, and the interrupted genes could be monitored for their pattern of regulation. Genetic screens isolated mutants defective in a variety of activities. We describe the construction and use of pLBT as a tool for reporter gene mutant analysis in bacteria other than well-characterized laboratory strains. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Albertson, N H AU - Stretton, S AU - Pongpattanakitshote, S AU - Oestling, J AU - Marshall, K C AU - Goodman, A E AU - Kjelleberg, S AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, SA, Australia Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 287 EP - 294 VL - 140 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - cloning vectors KW - experimental research KW - marine microorganisms KW - plasmid pLBT KW - site-directed mutagenesis KW - transposon Tn10 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - biotechnology KW - genetics KW - Marine KW - Vibrio KW - Pseudomonas KW - J 02760:Plasmids KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - A 01012:Nucleic acids & metabolites KW - Q4 27170:Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16069092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Construction+and+use+of+a+new+vector%2Ftransposon%2C+pLBT%3A%3Amini-Tn10%3Alac%3Akan%2C+to+identify+environmentally+responsive+genes+in+a+marine+bacterium&rft.au=Albertson%2C+N+H%3BStretton%2C+S%3BPongpattanakitshote%2C+S%3BOestling%2C+J%3BMarshall%2C+K+C%3BGoodman%2C+A+E%3BKjelleberg%2C+S&rft.aulast=Albertson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genetics; biotechnology; marine microorganisms; cloning vectors; site-directed mutagenesis; Vibrio; Pseudomonas; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A limitation of the Microtox registered test for toxicity measurements of nonionic surfactants AN - 15804973; 3995238 AB - The Microtox registered test was successfully used to measure EC50 values of nonionic polyethoxylate surfactants. However, toxicity measurements of real samples that contain surfactants above a particular concentration, termed the critical toxicity concentration (CTC) are not valid. These samples require dilution before the test is performed, and because the relationship between toxicity and concentration is not linear above the CTC, the EC50 cannot be extrapolated back to give the toxicity of the original concentrated sample and a true estimation of toxicity is therefore not possible. This phenomenon may be related to the minimum surface tension requirement of the bacteria or other physical properties of the surfactant such as the tendency to assemble at interfaces and surfaces and the tendency to form micelles. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Sherrard, K B AU - Marriott, P J AU - McCormick, MJ AU - Millington, K AD - Dep. Applied Chem., Royal Melbourne Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 1034 EP - 1037 VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Microtox test KW - nonyl phenol ethoxylate KW - scours KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - wool KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Photobacterium phosphoreum KW - surfactants KW - Freshwater KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15804973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+limitation+of+the+Microtox+registered+test+for+toxicity+measurements+of+nonionic+surfactants&rft.au=Sherrard%2C+K+B%3BMarriott%2C+P+J%3BMcCormick%2C+MJ%3BMillington%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sherrard&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surfactants; toxicity tests; toxicity testing; scours; wool; Photobacterium phosphoreum; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mother-offspring recognition in two Australian lizards, Tiliqua rugosa and Egernia stokesii AN - 15783688; 3992899 AB - Kin recognition has been reported in many animal taxa, but rarely in lizards. Newly born clutches from two viviparous Australian skink species, Tiliqua rugosa and Egernia stokesii, were either left with their mothers, separated at birth and kept with a foster mother, or kept completely isolated from any adults. In experimental trials mothers were presented with their own and with non-related young in gauze bags, and their attention to each young lizard was measured by the number of directed tongue flicks and the time in contact. There was a consistent tendency in both species for mothers to direct more attention to their own young, whether they had been kept together or apart. Foster mothers directed more attention to their own non-familiar young than to their familiar foster young. In reciprocal experiments, young lizards of both species consistently directed more attention to their own mothers than to unrelated females, even when they had been isolated from their mothers from birth. Olfactory cues are probably important for recognition. Using these cues, lizards can recognize kin, and discriminate between kin and non-kin even if the latter have been in close association. It was not possible to determine if the discrimination was genetically based, or if it was acquired during or shortly after birth. The presence of mother-offspring recognition suggests that family groups may be a component in the social organization of these species. JF - Animal Behaviour AU - Main, A R AU - Bull, C M AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ., GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 193 EP - 200 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0003-3472, 0003-3472 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Animal Behavior Abstracts KW - Egernia stokesii KW - kin recognition KW - mother-offspring interactions KW - Tiliqua rugosa KW - Y 25444:Vertebrates (excluding fish, birds & mammals) KW - D 04670:Reptiles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15783688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B140&rft.isbn=0160474116&rft.btitle=Child+protection%3A+balancing+divergent+interests%3A+hearing%2C+May+25%2C+1995%2C+on+authorizing+funds+for+programs+of+the+Child+Abuse+Prevention+and+Treatment+Act%2C+focusing+on+child+protection+reform+measures&rft.title=Child+protection%3A+balancing+divergent+interests%3A+hearing%2C+May+25%2C+1995%2C+on+authorizing+funds+for+programs+of+the+Child+Abuse+Prevention+and+Treatment+Act%2C+focusing+on+child+protection+reform+measures&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tiliqua rugosa; Egernia stokesii; mother-offspring interactions; kin recognition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxinlike Properties of a Trichloroethylene Combustion-Generated Aerosol AN - 14443007; 10525673 AB - Extracts of soot aerosols from combustion of trichloroethylene and plastics pyrolysis were evaluated to see the toxic effects in hepatocyte cultures from rainbow trout, and medaka embryos. Embryos demonstrated evidence of cardiotoxicity when exposed to concentrations of at least 7 mu g/l. In addition, embryo development was abnormal at that dose. Mortality resulted from exposure to higher doses. Liver cell cultures did not demonstrate alterations in activity of lactate dehydrogenase or protein, but ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and cytochrome P4501A1 were induced. Whole extract inhibited synthesis of vitellogenin, which is dependent upon estradiol for formation. The nonpolar extract demonstrated similar effects, but only an insignificant inhibition of vitellogenin. Arylhydrocarbon receptor binding was shown for whole extract and all fractions. Neither Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin nor tetrachlorodibenzofuran were detected in the extracts. Dioxinlike responses from exposure to combustion products of trichloroethylene seemed to come from compounds that were not associated with dioxins. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Villalobos, SAlex AU - Anderson, Michael J AU - Denison, Michael S AU - Hinton, David E AU - Tullis, Katherine AU - Kennedy, Ian M AU - Jones, ADaniel Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 734 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - LIVER KW - TRICHLOROETHYLENE KW - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS KW - AEROSOLS KW - FISH, FRESHWATER KW - REPRODUCTION, FISH KW - DIOXINS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14443007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dioxinlike+Properties+of+a+Trichloroethylene+Combustion-Generated+Aerosol&rft.au=Villalobos%2C+SAlex%3BAnderson%2C+Michael+J%3BDenison%2C+Michael+S%3BHinton%2C+David+E%3BTullis%2C+Katherine%3BKennedy%2C+Ian+M%3BJones%2C+ADaniel&rft.aulast=Villalobos&rft.aufirst=SAlex&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AEROSOLS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FISH, FRESHWATER; REPRODUCTION, FISH; LIVER; DIOXINS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Mortality and Cancer Incidence among Alachlor Manufacturing Workers AN - 14442969; 10525672 AB - Cancer incidence and mortality among nearly 1,200 workers involved in the manufacture of alachlor was investigated using data from 1969 to 1993 and 1968 to 1993, respectively. Lower than expected mortality rates were found for those with the greatest exposure, and cancer incidence was not different from controls for this group. Among the workers having the first alachlor exposure at least 15 years prior to the study, colorectal cancer was the most common, and was found in 2 subjects. Exposure to alachlor did not result in any appreciable effect on either parameter. Since exposure during agricultural use is lower than exposure during manufacture, the risks for agricultural workers would be expected to be lower. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Acquavilla, John F AU - Riordan, Susan G AU - Anne, Margaret AU - Lynch, Charles F AU - Collins, James J AU - Ireland, Belinda K AU - Heydens, William F Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 728 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - ALACHLOR KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14442969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Mortality+and+Cancer+Incidence+among+Alachlor+Manufacturing+Workers&rft.au=Acquavilla%2C+John+F%3BRiordan%2C+Susan+G%3BAnne%2C+Margaret%3BLynch%2C+Charles+F%3BCollins%2C+James+J%3BIreland%2C+Belinda+K%3BHeydens%2C+William+F&rft.aulast=Acquavilla&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=728&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; POPULATION SAMPLING; MORTALITY PATTERNS; ALACHLOR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in Human Blood in Relation to Consumption of Crabs from a Contaminated Fjord Area in Norway AN - 14440804; 10525675 AB - Blood from men consuming various quantities of crabs collected from a polluted fjord in Norway was analyzed for PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Dose related increases were noted for many of the compounds, but levels of some PCBs having high degrees of chlorination were lower than expected. Human body burdens agreed with estimates that were based on the contamination levels in the crabs. In the high intake group, levels were above the tolerable intake for one week. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Johansen, HRebecka AU - Alexander, Jan AU - Rossland, Ole J AU - Planting, Sissel AU - Lovik, Martinus AU - Gaarder, Per I AU - Gdynia, Walter Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 756 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - NORWAY KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS KW - CRABS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14440804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=PCDDs%2C+PCDFs%2C+and+PCBs+in+Human+Blood+in+Relation+to+Consumption+of+Crabs+from+a+Contaminated+Fjord+Area+in+Norway&rft.au=Johansen%2C+HRebecka%3BAlexander%2C+Jan%3BRossland%2C+Ole+J%3BPlanting%2C+Sissel%3BLovik%2C+Martinus%3BGaarder%2C+Per+I%3BGdynia%2C+Walter&rft.aulast=Johansen&rft.aufirst=HRebecka&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; NORWAY; POPULATION SAMPLING; PUBLIC HEALTH; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS; CRABS; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methylsulfonyl Metabolites of PCBs and DDE in Human Milk in Sweden, 1972-1992 AN - 14440208; 10525676 AB - PCBs and DDE metabolize to methylsulfonyl analogs of the compounds in several species. Human milk in Sweden contains PCBs and DDE. An analytical method was developed for determining these metabolites in human milk. Samples obtained at intervals since 1972 were analyzed, and demonstrated a time related decrease in both types of metabolites. In addition metabolite concentrations correlated with the concentrations of the parent compound in the milk. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Noren, Koidu AU - Lunden, Asa AU - Pettersson, Eva AU - Bergman, Ake Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 766 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - DDE KW - BREAST MILK KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - SWEDEN KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14440208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Methylsulfonyl+Metabolites+of+PCBs+and+DDE+in+Human+Milk+in+Sweden%2C+1972-1992&rft.au=Noren%2C+Koidu%3BLunden%2C+Asa%3BPettersson%2C+Eva%3BBergman%2C+Ake&rft.aulast=Noren&rft.aufirst=Koidu&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=766&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SWEDEN; DDE; BREAST MILK; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air Pollution and Lung Cancer in Trieste, Italy: Spatial Analysis of Risk as a Function of Distance from Sources AN - 14440165; 10525674 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Biggeri, Annibale AU - Barbone, Fabio AU - Lagazio, Corrado AU - Bovenzi, Massimo AU - Stanta, Giorgio Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 750 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - INCINERATORS KW - URBAN ATMOSPHERE KW - ITALY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14440165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Air+Pollution+and+Lung+Cancer+in+Trieste%2C+Italy%3A+Spatial+Analysis+of+Risk+as+a+Function+of+Distance+from+Sources&rft.au=Biggeri%2C+Annibale%3BBarbone%2C+Fabio%3BLagazio%2C+Corrado%3BBovenzi%2C+Massimo%3BStanta%2C+Giorgio&rft.aulast=Biggeri&rft.aufirst=Annibale&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; POPULATION SAMPLING; AIR POLLUTION; PUBLIC HEALTH; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; ITALY; INCINERATORS; URBAN ATMOSPHERE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzyme Induction and Acute Endocrine Effects in Prepubertal Female Rats Receiving Environmental PCB/PCDF/PCDD Mixtures AN - 14440157; 10525671 AB - The toxicity of air, soil, and dust at a southern Illinois landfill on the National Priorities List was investigated by exposing prepubertal rats to extracts of samples. The landfills contained PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). Effects included those of tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Nondioxin type effects were also found. Dose related responses in several hepatic enzymes, including ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase were found for dust and soil samples. All samples demonstrated dose related declines in serum levels of total thyroxine, although the three extracts had widely differing TCDD toxic equivalent values. Uterine wet weight was increased by extracts of soil and air, which contained 346 and 175 mg PCB/kg, respectively. Measurement of TCDD toxic equivalents may underestimate the risks to organisms from nondioxin type effects, including effects on thyroxine. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Li, Mei-Hui AU - Hansen, Larry G Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 712 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - SOIL SAMPLING KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS KW - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS KW - AIR SAMPLING KW - DUST KW - THYROID FUNCTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14440157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Enzyme+Induction+and+Acute+Endocrine+Effects+in+Prepubertal+Female+Rats+Receiving+Environmental+PCB%2FPCDF%2FPCDD+Mixtures&rft.au=Li%2C+Mei-Hui%3BHansen%2C+Larry+G&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Mei-Hui&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=712&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 9 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SOIL SAMPLING; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; AIR SAMPLING; ENZYME ACTIVITY; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXINS; DUST; THYROID FUNCTION; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Campus Crime and H.R. 2416 To Amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 To Require Open Campus Security Crime Logs at Institutions of Higher Learning before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic Aid and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62573648; ED399903 AB - This Congressional hearing report covers testimony given to the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning relating to the issue of crime on college campuses. Specifically the testimony addressed a proposed bill before the House of Representatives, the Open Campus Police Logs Act, which would amend the Higher Education Act of 1965. Testimony also addressed the effectiveness of the existing Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act of 1990, which was included as part of the Student Right to Know Campus Security Act, enacted to provide reliable information to parents and students about criminal activity on college campuses. Transcripts are provided of the testimony of witnesses concerning: the effectiveness of the existing law, how the law is being administered by the Department of Education, whether schools and the Department have been abiding by both the spirit and requirements of the law, what suggestions witnesses have for further changes to the law, and views of proposed Open Campus Police Logs Act. Transcripts are included of statements offered by five concerned private individuals, two school administrators, and David Longanecker, Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education. In addition to the oral testimony, prepared statements, letters, and supplementary materials are included in the report. (CH) Y1 - 1996/06/06/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jun 06 SP - 354 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016052945x KW - Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act 1990 KW - Proposed Legislation KW - Student Right to Know and Campus Security Act KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Security Personnel KW - Crime Prevention KW - Colleges KW - Law Enforcement KW - Victims of Crime KW - Hearings KW - Higher Education KW - Compliance (Legal) KW - School Security KW - Campuses KW - Universities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62573648?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains pages of small print that may not reprodu N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Condition of Education, 1996. AN - 62671455; ED394217 AB - The current status of education for 1996 is presented in the form of education "indicators"--key data that measure the health of education, monitor important developments, and show trends in major aspects of education. The 60 indicators have been divided into 6 areas: (1) access, participation, and progress; (2) achievement, attainment, and curriculum; (3) economic and other outcomes of education; (4) size, growth, and output of educational institutions; (5) climate, classrooms, and diversity in educational institutions; and (6) human and financial resources of educational institutions. The report includes the text, tables, and charts for each indicator plus the technical supporting data, supplemental information, and data sources. Information on issues in elementary and secondary education are integrated with those on issues in postsecondary education to reflect the continuity of educational experiences. An overview synthesizes evidence from the 60 indicators and other sources on 4 important education issues: education and worker productivity; preparation for work; minorities in higher education; and teachers' working conditions. Appendices comprise over half of the publication and contain supplemental tables and notes, a list of data sources, a glossary, an index, and a list of selected publications of the National Center for Education Statistics. (MLF) AU - Smith, Thomas M. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 411 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486793 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - School Demography KW - Access to Education KW - Educational Indicators KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Educational Attainment KW - School Statistics KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Ethnic Distribution KW - Enrollment KW - Educational Resources KW - Government Publications KW - Educational Assessment KW - Tables (Data) KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62671455?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1995 edition, see ED 383 119. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Characteristics of the 100 Largest Public Elementary and Secondary School Districts in the United States: 1993-94. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62593205; ED399302 AB - This publication provides basic descriptive information about the 100 largest school districts in the United States and its outlying areas. Almost one in every four public school students in the country is served by one of these districts. They are distinguished from smaller districts by characteristics other than sheer size, such as average and median school size, pupil-teacher ratios, numbers of high school graduates, numbers of students receiving special education services, and minority enrollment as a proportion of total enrollment. The 100 largest districts employ 19.9% of the nation's public school teachers and account for 16.6% of the nation's schools and 19.2% of its high school graduates. Almost all of these districts encompass large cities, but only about half are confined to the city limits. Three states, Florida, Texas, and California, accounted for over one-third of these districts. More than half of these districts have over 50% minority enrollment. Current expenditures per pupil in the 100 largest school districts ranged from a low of $2,052 in the Puerto Rican Department of Education to a high of $9,501 in Newark, New Jersey Public Schools. This information is found in 10 basic tables, which are preceded by 3 text tables that establish the context for the information on the 100 largest districts. Appendixes list the largest districts, provide some identifying information, and list the districts alphabetically. (SLD) AU - Bose, Jonaki Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 53 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486742 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Public Schools KW - Minority Groups KW - Student Characteristics KW - Enrollment KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Urban Schools KW - School Size KW - Tables (Data) KW - School District Size UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62593205?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New Sources for Growth and Hope: Prospects for Southern Africa AN - 61577605; 199600858 AB - Discusses the developmental challenge facing southern Africa & the potential contribution of regional economic cooperation & integration. Focus is on efforts made by the Government of National Unity in South Africa to restructure regional relations. Adapted from the source document. JF - Development AU - Davies, Robert AD - Africa National Congress National Assembly Parliament, PO Box 15 Cape Town 8000 Republic South Africa Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 24 EP - 28 IS - 2 SN - 1011-6370, 1011-6370 KW - economic development challenges, regional cooperation/integration, southern Africa KW - International Cooperation KW - Sub Saharan Africa KW - International Relations KW - Economic Development KW - South Africa KW - Regional Development KW - article KW - 7250: social planning/policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61577605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Development&rft.atitle=New+Sources+for+Growth+and+Hope%3A+Prospects+for+Southern+Africa&rft.au=Davies%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Development&rft.issn=10116370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sub Saharan Africa; Economic Development; Regional Development; International Cooperation; International Relations; South Africa ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Chiefs of state and cabinet members of foreign governments: a directory T2 - DI CS 96-006 AN - 59725358; 1996-0813430 JF - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, June 1996. iv+134 pp. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 EP - iv+134 PB - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540 KW - Heads of state KW - Cabinet officers UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59725358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Chiefs+of+state+and+cabinet+members+of+foreign+governments%3A+a+directory&rft.title=Chiefs+of+state+and+cabinet+members+of+foreign+governments%3A+a+directory&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service pa N1 - Document feature - index(es) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental pollutant induced membrane damages: Protection by capsaicin AN - 16330017; 4265747 AB - This review discusses in details the mechanism of capsaicin induced activation followed by desensitisation and the modulatory effects of capsaician on membrane damages and lipid peroxidative changes caused by different environmental pollutants. JF - Science & Culture AU - De, A K AD - Indian Sci. Congress Assoc., 14, Dr. Biresh Guha St., Calcutta-700 017, India Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 142 EP - 145 VL - 62 IS - 5-6 SN - 0036-8156, 0036-8156 KW - capsaicin KW - cell membranes KW - pollutants KW - reviews KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16330017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+%26+Culture&rft.atitle=Environmental+pollutant+induced+membrane+damages%3A+Protection+by+capsaicin&rft.au=De%2C+A+K&rft.aulast=De&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+%26+Culture&rft.issn=00368156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro suppression of fungal root pathogens of cereals by Brassica tissues AN - 16260406; 4272056 AB - The superior growth of wheat following Brassica crops compared to that following non-Brassica crops may be due to the suppression of soilborne fungal pathogens by volatile isothiocyanates (ITCs) released in the soil during hydrolysis of glucosinolates contained in Brassica tissues. We investigated the effects of volatile compounds released from the root, shoot and seed meal tissues of canola (Brassica napus) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) on the mycelial growth of five soilborne pathogens of cereals--Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum, Pythium irregulare and Bipolaris sorokiniana. Three isolates of each species, originally collected from the roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley grass (Hordeum leporinum) in southern Australia, were exposed to volatiles released in vitro when sterile water was added to freeze-dried Brassica tissues. The root and shoot tissues of both Brassica species were more suppressive at flowering than maturity and mustard tissues were generally more suppressive than canola. The degree of fungal suppression by the various Brassica tissues was related to the concentration and type of isothiocyanates released, which varied with Brassica species, tissue age and tissue type. There were significant differences in the sensitivity of the fungal species and among isolates of each species. Gaeumannomyces and Rhizoctonia were generally the most sensitive to the volatiles released, Pythium and Bipolaris the least. The results indicate that the effectiveness of fungal suppression by Brassica crops will depend upon the species, age and type of Brassica tissue, which influence the type and concentration of isothiocyanates evolved, and the sensitivity of the pathogen. JF - Plant Pathology AU - Kirkegaard, JA AU - Wong, PTW AU - Desmarchelier, J M AD - CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 593 EP - 603 VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0032-0862, 0032-0862 KW - Bipolaris sorokiniama KW - Brassica napus KW - Fusarium graminearum KW - Gaeumannomyces graminis tritici KW - Hordeum leporinum KW - Pythium irregulare KW - Rhizoctonia solani KW - Triticum aestivum KW - biological control KW - crop rotation KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - A 01030:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16260406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Pathology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+suppression+of+fungal+root+pathogens+of+cereals+by+Brassica+tissues&rft.au=Kirkegaard%2C+JA%3BWong%2C+PTW%3BDesmarchelier%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Kirkegaard&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+Pathology&rft.issn=00320862&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Boundary layer budgets for regional estimates of scalar fluxes AN - 16044636; 4091940 AB - The paper considers the theory and application of budget techniques for regional scalar flux estimation using the daytime convective boundary layer (CBL) and the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL). CBL techniques treat the well mixed layer of air between heights of, say, 100 m and 1000 m as an integrator of surface fluxes along the path of a column of air moving over the landscape. They calculate the average surface flux from the scalar concentration in and above the mixed layer, and the CBL height. The flux estimates are averaged over regions of 10-10 super(4) km super(2) extending 10 to 100 km upwind. An integral form of the CBL budget is used to estimate daily regional rates of CO sub(2) uptake and evaporation from three data sets. There was plausible agreement between the estimates and locally measured fluxes. CBL budgets have great potential for estimating regional scalar fluxes, but there is an urgent need for validation through direct measurements of fluxes and budget parameters. NBL budgets are useful when low-level, radiative inversions inhibit vertical mixing. Surface scalar fluxes can then be estimated from the rate of concentration change below the inversion. An example application for estimating the nocturnal CO sub(2) flux is given. While simple in concept, NBL budgets are more difficult to apply in practice because of the unpredictability of the depth of the layer and sometimes, its absence altogether. On the other hand, the depth of the atmospheric mixing chamber is better defined, few assumptions are required and the concentration changes usually will be larger and hence more easily detectable than in CBL budgetting. JF - Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology AU - Denmead, O T AU - Raupach, M R AU - Dunin, F X AU - Cleugh, HA AU - Leuning, R Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 255 EP - 264 VL - 2 IS - 3 KW - diel variations KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - atmospheric boundary layer KW - trace elements KW - water exchange KW - gases KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16044636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Insect+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.atitle=Boundary+layer+budgets+for+regional+estimates+of+scalar+fluxes&rft.au=Denmead%2C+O+T%3BRaupach%2C+M+R%3BDunin%2C+F+X%3BCleugh%2C+HA%3BLeuning%2C+R&rft.aulast=Denmead&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Insect+Biochemistry+and+Physiology&rft.issn=07394462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling plant and soil water dynamics in semi-arid ecosystems with limited site data AN - 15882782; 4028534 AB - The processes and mechanisms involved in the soil moisture balance of semi-arid ecosystems are discussed. A model of water dynamics (WATDYN) is developed for estimating plant available soil moisture (PAM) on particular sites. Potentially the model could be applied anywhere in the savanna regions of the world, using a minimum of readily available site data and standard weather records. It calculates water distribution in the soil profile and models water uptake using a modified Penman-Monteith equation involving separate calculations of soil evaporation and transpirational loss from each soil layer. Default data are provided where site data are unavailable. Vegetation is modelled only to account for radiation interception and for resistances to transpiration and evaporation. Growth is calculated on the basis of transpiration efficiency (adjusted for temperature, vapour pressure deficit, soil fertility and the time of the year) and death as a function of temperature, vapour pressure deficit, water stress and the amount of green biomass. Dead biomass is reduced as a function of soil moisture, temperature and the amount of litter. Maximum leaf biomass of woody plants is considered to be constant from year to year. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Walker, B H AU - Langridge, J L AD - CSIRO, Div. Wildl. and Ecol., GPO Box 84, Lyneham, A.C.T. 2602, Australia Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 153 EP - 167 VL - 87 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - models KW - arid environments KW - water balance KW - soil moisture KW - soil-water-plant relationships KW - arid lands KW - soil water KW - available water KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - evaporation KW - transpiration KW - D 04130:Arid zones KW - SW 0845:Water in soils KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15882782?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Modelling+plant+and+soil+water+dynamics+in+semi-arid+ecosystems+with+limited+site+data&rft.au=Walker%2C+B+H%3BLangridge%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transpiration; evaporation; soil-water-plant relationships; arid lands; soil water; available water; models; arid environments; water balance; soil moisture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal cocaine exposure and postnatal hypoxia independently decrease carotid body dopamine in neonatal rats AN - 15841338; 4013931 AB - The effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on the levels of carotid body dopamine (DA) and its metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were investigated in 5-day-old rat pups exposed to normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected b.i.d. with either cocaine HCl (30 mg/kg) or isotonic saline (1 ml/kg) from gestational days 7-21. On the fifth postnatal day, pups were subjected to either 20 min of 0.21 or 0.08 fractional inspired oxygen (F sub(1)O sub(2)). Under a strictly timed protocol, both carotid bodies were removed from each pup, placed in an antioxidant solution to prevent DA breakdown, and subsequently analyzed via HPLC with electrochemical detection to determine carotid body DA and DOPAC content. Two-way ANOVA revealed decreases in DA in cocaine-exposed pups. No HVA was detectable in any of the samples. The 0.08 F sub(1)O sub(2) condition decreased DA compared to 0.21 F sub(1)O sub(2). The additive consequences of DA depletion resulting from the combination of prenatal cocaine and postnatal hypoxia decreased carotid body DA to 14% of control levels, with several animals exhibiting DA content below detection limits. Considering the role of the carotid body in the ventilatory response to hypoxia, these data suggest that prenatal cocaine exposure may adversely affect the normal chemoreceptive function of the carotid body. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Lipton, J W AU - Yuengsrigul, A AU - Ling, Z D AU - Weese-Mayer, DE AU - Carvey, P M AD - Pediatr. Respir. Med., Rush Child. Hosp., 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 283 EP - 287 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - rats KW - chemoreception (internal) KW - cocaine KW - dopamine KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - hypoxia KW - carotid body KW - prenatal experience KW - teratogenicity KW - R 18016:Vertebrates KW - N3 11106:Neurobiology of drug abuse KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15841338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Prenatal+cocaine+exposure+and+postnatal+hypoxia+independently+decrease+carotid+body+dopamine+in+neonatal+rats&rft.au=Lipton%2C+J+W%3BYuengsrigul%2C+A%3BLing%2C+Z+D%3BWeese-Mayer%2C+DE%3BCarvey%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Lipton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - prenatal experience; hypoxia; neurotoxicity; carotid body; teratogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for evaluating experimental designs for estimating rates of fish movement from tag recoveries AN - 15769430; 3986760 AB - Reliable estimates of fish movement rates from tag recoveries require an experimental design for collecting sufficient data and a procedure for estimating quantities of interest from the data. Although many such procedures have been developed, suitable experimental designs have not been. In this paper, I present a framework for calculating the accuracy and precision of estimates of movement rates for different experimental designs combined with an estimator, thereby providing a basis for collecting sufficient data to estimate movement rates to a chosen accuracy and precision. The framework is used to evaluate a set of experimental designs for a tagging program for school shark, Galeorhinus galeus, when Hilborn's maximum likelihood method is used to estimate movement rates. In this application, the minimum, mean, maximum, and three common norms of both relative bias and relative standard error of estimates of all movement rates were each regressed on the total number of fish released as a power function. From these regression equations, one can calculate the number of releases to achieve a certain level of precision and accuracy in estimates of movement rates or vice versa. Extensions of Hilborn's (1990) model and other statistical movement models can be examined similarly. JF - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences AU - Xiao, Yongshun AD - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 1272 EP - 1280 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - mark and recapture studies KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - models KW - Pisces KW - movements KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15769430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.atitle=A+framework+for+evaluating+experimental+designs+for+estimating+rates+of+fish+movement+from+tag+recoveries&rft.au=Xiao%2C+Yongshun&rft.aulast=Xiao&rft.aufirst=Yongshun&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Fisheries+and+Aquatic+Sciences&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pisces; movements; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatic Injury Is Enhanced by Polychlorinated Biphenyls AN - 14423815; 10519165 AB - Rats dosed with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) experience hepatic damage due to accumulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in the liver. PMNs can also be activated by exposure to some PCBs, and may enhance the effects of LPS. Aroclor 1248 was administered to female rats 90 minutes after pretreatment with a low dose of LPS. Animals were Neither compound induced hepatic injury when used alone, but the combination caused alterations in enzyme activity measured in plasma. The combination increased hepatic necrosis, although it did not increase the accumulation of PMNs above that which was found in the rats treated with LPS alone. In vitro studies showed that PMNs produced superoxide anions and degranulated after Aroclor 1248 exposure. The cytotoxicity mediated by PMNs was increased after Aroclor exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brown, Alan P AU - Schultze, AEric AU - Holdan, Wendy L AU - Buchweitz, John P AU - Roth, Robert A AU - Ganey, Patricia E Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 634 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AROCLOR KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - HEPATOTOXICITY KW - OXYGEN KW - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14423815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Lipopolysaccharide-Induced+Hepatic+Injury+Is+Enhanced+by+Polychlorinated+Biphenyls&rft.au=Brown%2C+Alan+P%3BSchultze%2C+AEric%3BHoldan%2C+Wendy+L%3BBuchweitz%2C+John+P%3BRoth%2C+Robert+A%3BGaney%2C+Patricia+E&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=634&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AROCLOR; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; HEPATOTOXICITY; OXYGEN; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Health and Hazardous Waste Issues Related to the U.S. Mexico-Border AN - 14423247; 10519162 AB - The problems of hazardous waste management and environmental health in the region of the border of the US with Mexico have been ongoing, but the recent North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has focused attention on them. There is little data on environmental health of the region. New agencies have been formed to address some of these problems, and air and water monitoring have begun. However, health risks and hazardous waste management have not yet been addressed. The informational gaps and potential areas of research are discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Carter, Dean E AU - Pena, Carlos AU - Varady, Robert AU - Suk, William A Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 590 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - ENV MANAGEMENT KW - INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION KW - MEXICO KW - UNITED STATES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14423247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Health+and+Hazardous+Waste+Issues+Related+to+the+U.S.+Mexico-Border&rft.au=Carter%2C+Dean+E%3BPena%2C+Carlos%3BVarady%2C+Robert%3BSuk%2C+William+A&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=590&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV MANAGEMENT; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; MEXICO; UNITED STATES; HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT; PUBLIC HEALTH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methylation Study of a Population Environmentally Exposed to Arsenic in Drinking Water AN - 14422538; 10519163 AB - Inorganic arsenic is a carcinogen that can be detoxified by methylation. More than 120 people living in a town in Chile having high drinking water concentrations of inorganic arsenic were investigated for methylation capacity by analyzing urine for methylated biomarkers, monomethylarsonate, and dimethylarsinate (MMA and DMA, respectively). Controls were nearly 100 people residing in a nearby town having drinking water with little arsenic content. High MMA and DMA levels were found in males, smokers, with high exposures. Lower MMA and DMA levels were found in longtime residents, females, and people of the Atacameo ethnic group. No methylation threshold was found, even for those exposed to high levels of arsenic. Differences between individuals varied widely. Inorganic arsenic levels did not vary much, and were similar to ranges found in other studies. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hopenhayn-Rich, Claudia AU - Biggs, Mary Lou AU - Smith, Allan H AU - Kalman, David A AU - Moore, Lee E Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 620 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - CHILE KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - DETOXIFICATION KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - ARSENIC KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, WATER KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Methylation+Study+of+a+Population+Environmentally+Exposed+to+Arsenic+in+Drinking+Water&rft.au=Hopenhayn-Rich%2C+Claudia%3BBiggs%2C+Mary+Lou%3BSmith%2C+Allan+H%3BKalman%2C+David+A%3BMoore%2C+Lee+E&rft.aulast=Hopenhayn-Rich&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=620&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; CHILE; POPULATION SAMPLING; ARSENIC; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, WATER; DETOXIFICATION; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; WATER, DRINKING ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is DDT Use a Public Health Problem in Mexico? AN - 14422047; 10519161 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lopez-Carillo, Lizbeth AU - Torres-Arreola, Laura AU - Torres-Sanchez, Luisa AU - Espinosa-Torres, Felipe AU - Jimenez, Carlos AU - Cebrian, Mariano AU - Waliszewski, Stephan Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 584 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - DDE KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - MEXICO KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - DDT KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B106&rft.isbn=0160520371&rft.btitle=Priority+needs+of+the+Grand+Canyon+National+Park%3A+hearing%2C+August+28%2C+1995%2C+to+review+the+priority+needs+of+the+park+and+identify+ways+to+address+these+needs+in+the+context+of+the+Grand+Canyon+General+Management+Plan+as+well+as+alternative+plans+or+solutions&rft.title=Priority+needs+of+the+Grand+Canyon+National+Park%3A+hearing%2C+August+28%2C+1995%2C+to+review+the+priority+needs+of+the+park+and+identify+ways+to+address+these+needs+in+the+context+of+the+Grand+Canyon+General+Management+Plan+as+well+as+alternative+plans+or+solutions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; MEXICO; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; DDE; DDT; PUBLIC HEALTH; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Nested Case-Control Study of Kidney Cancer among Refinery/Petrochemical Workers AN - 14421709; 10519166 AB - Incidence of kidney cancer among petrochemical workers is about twice that of the general population. A cohort study was conducted to determine if exposure to hydrocarbons increased risk of kidney cancer. Results showed that a high body mass index and elevated blood pressure measured at age 28 were nonoccupational risk factors. Smoking was not identified as a risk factor. Because the number of cases was small, it was not possible to identify an exposure/response trend for occupational exposure to hydrocarbons and kidney cancer. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gamble, John F AU - Pearlman, Eileen D AU - Nicolich, Mark J Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 642 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PETROCHEMICALS KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - NEPHROTOXICITY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14421709?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Nested+Case-Control+Study+of+Kidney+Cancer+among+Refinery%2FPetrochemical+Workers&rft.au=Gamble%2C+John+F%3BPearlman%2C+Eileen+D%3BNicolich%2C+Mark+J&rft.aulast=Gamble&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PETROCHEMICALS; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; POPULATION SAMPLING; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; NEPHROTOXICITY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metals in Lung Tissue from Autopsy Cases in Mexico City Residents: Comparison of Cases from the 1950s and the 1980s AN - 14421658; 10519164 AB - Autopsy cases from Mexico City in 1950s and the 1980s were compared for metal content of the lung. In the 1950s, women had higher cadmium level than men, a difference attributed to exposure, but not to smoking. By the 1980s, more of the women sampled were smokers, and the gender difference was not apparent. Concentrations of all metals except cobalt increased in women from the 1950s to the 1980s. For all subjects from the 1980s, mean metal concentrations for all metals except cobalt were higher in women. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fortoul, Teresa Imelda AU - Osorio, Liliana Saldivar AU - Tovar, Araceli Tovar AU - Salazar, Dolores AU - Castilla, Maria Elena AU - Olaiz-Fernandez, Gustavo Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 630 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - METAL CONCENTRATIONS KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - CIGARETTE SMOKE KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - MEXICO KW - HEAVY METALS KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14421658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Metals+in+Lung+Tissue+from+Autopsy+Cases+in+Mexico+City+Residents%3A+Comparison+of+Cases+from+the+1950s+and+the+1980s&rft.au=Fortoul%2C+Teresa+Imelda%3BOsorio%2C+Liliana+Saldivar%3BTovar%2C+Araceli+Tovar%3BSalazar%2C+Dolores%3BCastilla%2C+Maria+Elena%3BOlaiz-Fernandez%2C+Gustavo&rft.aulast=Fortoul&rft.aufirst=Teresa&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=630&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; METAL CONCENTRATIONS; POPULATION SAMPLING; MEXICO; HEAVY METALS; PUBLIC HEALTH; CIGARETTE SMOKE; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on USERRA, Veterans' Preference in the VA Education Services Draft Discussion Bill. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Education, Training, Employment and Housing of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62586072; ED404468 AB - This document records oral and written testimony given at a hearing before a subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Veterans' Affairs. The testimony pertains to veterans' preferences in hiring in the federal government and problems veterans are having in being reemployed after stints of active duty or during reductions in force (RIFs) at federal agencies. Those testifying included members of the House of Representatives, representatives of veterans' organizations, and officials of the Clinton Administration. According to the House members and the representatives of veterans' organizations, veterans have been faring badly in applications for employment and in protection against RIFs because bureaucrats do not support veterans and do not follow the law. The legislators have proposed bills that would provide for redress for veterans hurt by bureaucrats' failure to follow the law of preference in hiring. Administration officials, however, pointed out statistics that show that hiring of veterans has increased greatly during the past several years and that veterans have fared much better than nonveterans during RIFs. (KC) Y1 - 1996/05/30/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 May 30 SP - 187 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160538580 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Employer Attitudes KW - Personnel Selection KW - Federal Government KW - Adults KW - Employment Qualifications KW - Government Employees KW - Veterans KW - Employment Problems KW - State Government KW - Public Agencies KW - Federal Legislation KW - Hearings KW - Compliance (Legal) KW - Reduction in Force UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62586072?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-23. Contains small type. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Encouraging Responsible Fatherhood. Hearing on Examining Initiatives To Encourage Responsible Fatherhood before the Subcommittee on Children and Families of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62590376; ED402016 AB - This hearing transcript presents statements regarding programs that facilitate involvement of marginal or absentee fathers in the upbringing of their children. Opening or prepared statements, reiterating the increase in paternal abandonment and its attendant social costs, are presented for Indiana Senator Dan Coats, Chair of the Subcommittee on Children and Families, North Carolina Senator Lauch Faircloth, and for Connecticut Senator Christopher Dodd. Statements and testimony are then presented from four administrators of programs intended to encourage greater paternal responsibility, including the president of the "Promise Keepers" initiative. These statements and testimony explore the detrimental effects of absent fathers, examine policy issues including paternal visitation rights and the cultural construct of marriage, and describe efforts of their various organizations to encourage paternal responsibility. A statement from the president of the Children's Rights Council, on certain policies that have contributed to the increase of absent fathers and changes that would encourage positive parenting, concludes the transcripts. (HTH) Y1 - 1996/05/23/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 May 23 SP - 54 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160527791 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Early Parenthood KW - Divorce KW - Social Change KW - Parent Role KW - Fatherless Family KW - Childhood Needs KW - Marriage KW - Public Policy KW - Fathers KW - Child Welfare KW - Child Rearing KW - Policy Formation KW - Parent Participation KW - Hearings KW - Unwed Mothers KW - Change Strategies KW - Social Problems KW - One Parent Family KW - Family (Sociological Unit) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62590376?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1996. Report Together with Additional Views To Accompany S. 1578. 104th Congress, 2d Session. AN - 62569473; ED403716 AB - This report of the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources unanimously supports the passage of a bill (Senate Bill 1578) which amends the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and authorizes appropriations for fiscal years 1997 through 2002. The bill amends parts A through H of IDEA. Amendments are intended to reduce unnecessary administrative burdens and increase flexibility for state and local educational agencies, while continuing the national commitment to ensure that all children with disabilities have available a free appropriate public education. Title I of the proposed bill revises general provisions and grant application procedures. Title II reorganizes and simplifies eligibility, procedural guidelines and safeguards, and administrative requirements. Title III authorizes a competitive state systems-change grant program. Title IV provides for improving educational services through research, demonstrations, outreach, and personnel preparation activities to be coordinated with local and state efforts. It consolidates programs authorized in parts D and E in current law. Title V also consolidates programs and authorizes the continued funding of technical assistance, support, and dissemination projects (including Parent Training and Information Centers) and technology and media projects. Title VI contains minor amendments to Part H of the present law, which provides early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities. Separate sections of the report present information on the historical background of and need for the legislation, cost estimates, the regulatory impact statement, a section-by-section analysis, views of individual senators, and the text of both the original law and the proposed amendments. (DB) Y1 - 1996/05/20/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 May 20 SP - 254 KW - Congress 104th KW - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Toddlers KW - Special Education KW - Educational Legislation KW - Access to Education KW - Government Role KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Eligibility KW - State Departments of Education KW - Due Process KW - Federal Legislation KW - Preschool Education KW - Educational Change KW - Disabilities KW - Early Intervention KW - Cost Estimates KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Infants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62569473?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Oversight of the Healthy Start Demonstration Project. Hearing on the Implementation of the Healthy Start Demonstration Project of the Department of Health and Human Services, Created To Reduce Infant Mortality, and Its Proposed Authorization for Fiscal Year 1997 of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62582527; ED402017 AB - This hearing transcript presents statements and testimony regarding effectiveness of the Healthy Start Demonstration Project to reduce U.S. infant mortality rates and authorization for funding to establish new sites and to enable exiting programs to act as mentors for and to disseminate information to new projects. Opening statements are presented for Senators Nancy Kassebaum, Chair of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, and Massachusetts Senator Edward Kennedy. Prepared statements are then presented for Pennsylvania Senator Arlen Specter, and Dr. Louis Sullivan, former secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and creator of the Healthy Start initiative. These statements explore infant mortality rates and highlight the effectiveness of the projects in terms of prevention and the need for continued funding. Testimony is then presented from administrators of Healthy Start sites and recipients of these program services, as well as from Marie McCormick, Chair of the Department of Maternal and Child Health at the Harvard School of Public Health. Prepared statements from the president of a Healthy Start site describing the Healthy Start Initiative in Boston, and from the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation supporting continued funding and highlighting March of Dimes' involvement with Healthy Start conclude the transcripts. Correspondence to Senator Kassebaum regarding Healthy Start is included. (HTH) Y1 - 1996/05/16/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 May 16 SP - 44 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160527562 KW - Congress 104th KW - Family Support KW - Healthy Start Program KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Integrated Services KW - Demonstration Programs KW - Well Being KW - Social Services KW - Hearings KW - Child Health KW - Infant Mortality KW - Public Policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62582527?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - NAEP 1994 Geography Report Card: Findings from the National Assessment of Educational Progress. AN - 62684777; ED398145 AB - This book reports on the 1994 National Assessment for Educational Progress (NAEP) assessment in geography for grades 4, 8, and 12. Students performance is summarized on a scale ranging from 0 to 500 with the achievement levels of Basic, Proficient and Advanced for each grade. Major findings for the nation include: (1) The Proficient level was reached by 22 percent of fourth graders, 28 percent of eighth graders, and 27 percent of twelfth graders; (2) At each grade level, roughly 70 percent of students were at or above the Basic level; (3) As students' geography scores increased, the complexity and sophistication of the geographic knowledge and skills they exhibited increased; and (4) Generally, students across grades in the higher percentiles exhibited greater abilities to work with a range of geographic tools, create maps based on tabular or narrative data, grasp processes and relationships, bring outside knowledge to bear on answering questions and analyze data. The book contains five chapters. Chapter 1, "NAEP 1994 Assessment in Geography," presents the overview of the NAEP 1994 geography assessment, including its content framework, design, and administration, along with sample questions and student responses from the assessment. Chapter 2, "Geography Results For the Nation and Regions," provides overall average scale score results for the nation, regions, and subgroups of students. Chapter 3, "Geography Achievement Levels," describes student performance in terms of achievement levels. Chapter 4, "Contexts in Which Students Learn Geography," describes contextual factors related to students' geography achievement. Chapter 5, "What Students Know and Can Do in Geography," describes the specific abilities that students demonstrated on the NAEP 1994 geography assessment and reports student performance in different content areas of geography. Three appendices and extensive tables and figures accompany the text. (EH) AU - Persky, Hilary R. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 132 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486807 KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 12 KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Grade 8 KW - Knowledge Level KW - Grade 4 KW - Program Evaluation KW - Student Evaluation KW - Educational Assessment KW - Geography KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62684777?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Cost of Higher Education. Findings from "The Condition of Education, No. 1. AN - 62680011; ED396617 AB - This booklet summarizes major conclusions and the statistical evidence supporting them concerning how changes in higher education revenue and expenditure are related to institutional enrollments, tuition and fee charges, and student financial aid, as well as the overall value of a higher education degree. Findings are organized into the categories of revenue, student financial aid, institutional expenditures, and labor market outcomes. Each major finding is summarized in text, tables, and graphs. These findings include: (1) tuition and fees have increased at all types of higher education institutions over the last decade; (2) tuition and fee income has increased as a source of revenue in most types of higher education institutions; (3) student financial aid, particularly from federal sources, defrays some of the cost to students of attending college; (4) most institutions have increased the amounts they spend on scholarships and fellowships; (5) expenditures per full-time equivalent (FTE) student increased at most institutions but the percentage they increased varies widely; (6) expenditures per FTE student are related to complex interactions among demographic and economic factors; (7) a higher education degree confers a substantial economic advantage to college graduates; and (8) the earnings advantage of completing college increased between 1970 and 1993 for both male and female graduates. (Contains 13 references.) (DB) AU - Alsalam, Nabeel Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 29 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328 (GPO #065-000-00861-1; $2). SN - 016048636X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Expenditure per Student KW - Educational Finance KW - Higher Education KW - Tuition KW - Income KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Expenditures KW - Educational Benefits KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Colleges KW - Enrollment Trends KW - College Graduates KW - Labor Market KW - Universities KW - Trend Analysis KW - Educational Status Comparison UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62680011?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Private School Universe Survey, 1993-94. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62675361; ED396432 AB - This report on the private school universe presents data on K-12 schools by school size, school level, religious orientation, geographical region, and program emphasis. The numbers of students and teachers are reported in the same categories. The number of students is also reported by race/ethnicity and grade level. Tables present data by three classification schemes: religious and nonsectarian categories, association membership, and private school typology. The Private School Survey (PSS) is designed to collect data from all private schools in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The survey, conducted in 1993-94 by the U.S. Bureau of the Census for the National Center for Education Statistics, is the primary data source for this report. A total of 26,093 private schools completed the survey, an overall response rate of 98 percent. Data from the 1989-90 and 1991-92 PSS's are used for comparison. Selected results include: 98 percent of private schools offered at least some elementary grades, 60 percent offered elementary grades, 31 percent offered a combination of elementary and secondary grades, and the remaining 10 percent offered secondary grades only; approximately 4.8 million students were enrolled in the Nation's private schools in the fall of 1993, and were taught by approximately 338 thousand full-time equivalent teachers. Information is also provided on school orientation and affiliation, grade configuration, enrollment, racial/ethnic composition, numbers of teachers, school size, length of school day, religious affiliation, and private school-association membership. Detailed technical notes and 17 tables are included. Appendices contain standard error tables, values and standard errors for comparison data, item response rates, and a copy of the survey. (LMI) AU - Broughman, Stephen Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 86 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486440 KW - Private School Survey (NCTS) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Parochial Schools KW - School Demography KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - School Statistics KW - Teacher Employment KW - Instructional Program Divisions KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Racial Composition KW - School Organization KW - School Size KW - Tables (Data) KW - Private Schools KW - Private Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62675361?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1989-90 and 1991-92 editions, see ED 355 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study Second Follow-up (BPS:90/94) Final Technical Report. AN - 62572293; ED399303 AB - This document provides a summary and evaluation of the methodological procedures and results of the full-scale implementation of the Beginning Postsecondary Student Longitudinal Study Second Follow-up, 1990-94 (BPS:90/94). The study was conducted for the National Center for Education Statistics by Research Triangle Institute with the assistance of Abt Associations and Management Planning Research Associates. BPS:90/94 involved locating and computer-assisted telephone interviewing of a sample of individuals identified initially in the 1990 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study. An introductory chapter provides a brief overview of the background, purposes, and scheduled projects of the BPS:90/94 full-scale study. Chapter 2 describes the design and method of the study, including sample design, respondent locating, data collection, and design of the operating control system. Chapter 3 presents the results of the locating and data collection, and Chapter 4 evaluates the quality of the data collected. The final three chapters present issues related to the construction of the study data file, sample weighting, and estimation techniques. Six appendixes describe the survey review panel membership and present student prenotification materials, the interview instruments, data collection materials, supplemental analytic results, and the variables used for design effects tables. (Contains 13 figures and 55 tables.) (SLD) AU - Pratt, Daniel J. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 402 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-96-153 KW - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Telephone Surveys KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Followup Studies KW - Research Methodology KW - College Students KW - Higher Education KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Sample Size KW - National Surveys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62572293?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The interplay of groundwater and magmatic fluids in the formation of the cassiterite-sulfide deposits of western Tasmania AN - 51060556; 1996-059615 AB - The cassiterite-sulfide deposits of western Tasmania are spatially and temporally related to Devonian granitoids. The stable isotope and fluid inclusion data of these deposits are best explained by a genetic model in which Sn is leached from the granites by reduced, non-magmatic fluids mixed with late-stage magmatic fluids. These fluids mineralize the overlying dolomite horizons and subjacent faults by a combination of wallrock and boiling induced reactions. The model requires co-incidental release of volatiles and ingress of groundwaters to sustain the leach mechanism. This implies some specific structural/deformational controls on the process and an intimate association between cassiterite-sulfide deposits and volatile-rich granites. The sulfur isotope data show a wide range in values, from about -2 to 20 per mil, and are explained in terms of a near-zero magmatic component and three heavier country-rock sources: the Precambrian Oonah Formation, the Crimson Creek Formation and the Mount Read Volcanics. Following this interpretation, the heavy sulfur isotope values from the Heemskirk Granite (Hajitaheri, 1985) and the Federal-Bassett Fault at Renison (Kitto, 1994) indicate ingress of groundwater into the granites. Salinities of fluid inclusions from the deposits show a restricted range (around 5 to 15 weight percent NaCl equivalent) compared with the range shown by inclusions from alteration zones within the granites (around 5 to 40 weight percent NaCl equivalent). It is suggested that the wide range of salinities in the granites is generated in the critical region of the NaCl-H (sub 2) O system at temperatures around 400 to 500 degrees C and pressures around 400 to 500 bars. The limited range of salinities in the deposits reflects cooling to sub-critical conditions. Cooling through the critical region promotes homogenization of groundwater and magmatic vapor and brine. Condensation of magmatic volatiles within this zone of mixing maintains acidity and promotes fluid-rock reaction. The geochemistry of the granites underlying the Renison Bell area (Bajwah et al., 1995) is interpreted in terms of two granites. The geological relationships indicate the more mafic phase, the Renison Granite, was intruded by the more fractionated Pine Hill Granite. Fluids from the Pine Hill Granite sericitised and tourmalinized both the Renison Granite and Pine Hill Granite along their mutual contact, generating a broad north-east trending zone of alteration. This contact may have been offset by the Federal-Bassett Fault before the Renison deposit was formed. It is suggested that groundwater flow was essentially constrained within this NW-SE trending structure and subsidiary structures. Magmatic volatiles, emanating from deep within the Pine Hill Granite, acidified the reduced groundwater and promoted leaching of the granite. The siting of the Renison deposit on the margin of the Pine Hill Granite is consistent with a strong up-flow zone on the margin of a cooling pluton. The very constant S-isotope signature in the deposit is consistent with a large-scale homogenization process operating over a sustained period. The very large size of the Renison deposit is accounted for by a long-lived groundwater system maintained by the high heat flow from a fractionated granite. JF - Ore Geology Reviews AU - Walshe, John L AU - Halley, Scott W AU - Anderson, John A AU - Harrold, Brian P A2 - Vielreicher, R. M. A2 - Groves, D. I. A2 - Heinrich, C. A. A2 - Walshe, J. L. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 367 EP - 387 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 10 IS - 3-6 SN - 0169-1368, 0169-1368 KW - mineral deposits, genesis KW - geologic thermometry KW - oxygen KW - hydrothermal processes KW - isotopes KW - ore-forming fluids KW - metasomatism KW - stable isotopes KW - ground water KW - ore minerals KW - geochemical controls KW - Zeehan Australia KW - cassiterite KW - inclusions KW - oxides KW - Mount Bischoff Deposit KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - Australia KW - deuterium KW - Cleveland Deposit KW - Renison Deposit KW - Australasia KW - tin ores KW - Tasmania Australia KW - paleohydrology KW - isotope ratios KW - O-18/O-16 KW - igneous processes KW - paleosalinity KW - western Tasmania Australia KW - S-34/S-32 KW - D/H KW - hydrogen KW - metal ores KW - sulfur KW - fluid inclusions KW - sulfides KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51060556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ore+Geology+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+interplay+of+groundwater+and+magmatic+fluids+in+the+formation+of+the+cassiterite-sulfide+deposits+of+western+Tasmania&rft.au=Walshe%2C+John+L%3BHalley%2C+Scott+W%3BAnderson%2C+John+A%3BHarrold%2C+Brian+P&rft.aulast=Walshe&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B95&rft.isbn=0160525683&rft.btitle=S.+1043%2C+the+Natural+Disaster+Protection+and+Insurance+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995&rft.title=S.+1043%2C+the+Natural+Disaster+Protection+and+Insurance+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01691368 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th Australian geological convention; Wisdom of Solomon symposium on the Conjunction of processes resulting in the formation of orebodies N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; cassiterite; Cleveland Deposit; D/H; deuterium; fluid inclusions; geochemical controls; geologic thermometry; ground water; hydrogen; hydrothermal alteration; hydrothermal processes; igneous processes; inclusions; isotope ratios; isotopes; metal ores; metasomatism; mineral deposits, genesis; Mount Bischoff Deposit; O-18/O-16; ore minerals; ore-forming fluids; oxides; oxygen; paleohydrology; paleosalinity; Renison Deposit; S-34/S-32; stable isotopes; sulfides; sulfur; Tasmania Australia; tin ores; western Tasmania Australia; Zeehan Australia DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-1368(95)00031-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to PAH compounds among cokery workers in the oil shale industry. AN - 21351312; 7699068 AB - The exposure of Estonian cokery workers to polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons at an oil shale processing plant was assessed by occupational hygiene and biomonitoring measurements. To assess the external dose of exposure to polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene concentrations were measured from the breathing zone of workers during a workshift. Skin contamination with pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene was assessed by skin wipe sampling. As a biomarker of exposure to polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and as an integral of all possible absorption routes of pyrene, 1-hydroxypyrene concentration was measured from post-shift urine samples. Eighteen percent of the personal air samples exceeded the Finnish threshold limit value of benzol[a]pyrene (10 micrograms/m3). Mean values for benzo[a]pyrene and pyrene were 5.7 micrograms/m3 and 8.1 micrograms/m3, respectively. Based on skin wipe sample analyses, the skin contamination was also obvious. The mean value of benzo[a]pyrene on the samples collected after the shift was 1.2 ng/cm2. In control samples, benzo[a]pyrene was not found. The mean value of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentration was 6.0 nmol/mmol creatinine for the exposed workers and 0.5 nmol/mmol creatinine for the controls. This study showed the usefulness of 1-hydroxypyrene as an indicator of internal dose of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. We concluded that the cokery workers at the Kohtla-Jaerve plant are exposed to high concentrations of polynuclear aromatic compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kuljukka, T AU - Vaaranrinta, R AU - Veidebaum, T AU - Sorsa, M AU - Peltonen, K AD - Molecular Dosimetry Group, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 539 EP - 541 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Threshold limits KW - Oil shale KW - pyrene KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Air sampling KW - Absorption KW - Occupational exposure KW - Bioindicators KW - Skin KW - Urine KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - Occupational health KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21351312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+PAH+compounds+among+cokery+workers+in+the+oil+shale+industry.&rft.au=Kuljukka%2C+T%3BVaaranrinta%2C+R%3BVeidebaum%2C+T%3BSorsa%2C+M%3BPeltonen%2C+K&rft.aulast=Kuljukka&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Occupational exposure; Benzo(a)pyrene; Skin; pyrene; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; Urine; Bioindicators; Oil shale; Absorption; Threshold limits; Air sampling; Aromatic compounds; Occupational health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular markers of ionizing radiation-induced gene mutations in mammalian cells. AN - 21264439; 11703642 AB - We have isolated independent Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants at the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) locus from untreated, 60Co gamma-ray-exposed, and 212Bi alpha-exposed cells and identified the molecular changes underlying the mutation determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based exon deletion analysis. Both the parental CHO-K1 cells and the X-ray-sensitive mutant xrs-5 cells were studied. The radiosensitive xrs-5 cells are defective in DNA double-strand break rejoining ability and in V(D)J recombination, which can be complemented by Ku protein. Of the 71 spontaneous CHO-K1 hprt mutants analyzed, 78% showed no change in exon number or size, 20% showed loss of one to eight exons (partial deletion), and 3% showed loss of all nine hprt exons (total deletion). Exposure of CHO-K1 cells to 6 Gy of gamma rays, which reduced survival levels to 10%, produced a high deletion spectrum with 45% of the 20 mutants analyzed showing a loss of one to eight exons and 30% showing total deletion. Exposure to an equitoxic dose of alpha radiation from 212Bi, a 220Rn daughter, resulted in a spectrum similar to the gamma-ray spectrum in that 75% of the 49 mutants analyzed were deletions. To alpha radiation, however, tended to produce larger intragenic deletions than gamma radiation. Of the 92 spontaneous xrs-5 mutants analyzed for deletions, 43% showed a loss of one to eight exons and 14% showed total deletion. This suggests that, in certain regions of the hprt gene, base alterations can be converted into large deletions and alteration in the Ku protein complex can influence this type of mutational process. Exposure to alpha radiation (10% survival) to xrs-5 cells resulted in a deletion spectrum similar to that seen in CHO-K1 cells. Of the 49 mutants analyzed, 43% showed on change in exon number or size, 16% showed a loss of one to eight exons, and 41% showed total deletion. While the defect in xrs-5 cells has a profound effect on spontaneous mutant spectra, this defect does not appear to affect alpha-induced mutation spectra. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hsie, A W AU - Porter, R C AU - Xu, Z AU - Yu, Y AU - Sun, J AU - Meltz, M L AU - Schwartz, J L AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 675 EP - 678 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Cell survival KW - V(D)J recombination KW - Exons KW - a Radiation KW - Point mutation KW - phosphoribosyltransferase KW - Gamma radiation KW - Alpha radiation KW - Mutants KW - DNA damage KW - Guanine KW - Gene deletion KW - Mammalian cells KW - g Radiation KW - Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase KW - DNA KW - Hypoxanthine KW - Proteins KW - Polymerase chain reaction KW - survival KW - Mutation KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21264439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Molecular+markers+of+ionizing+radiation-induced+gene+mutations+in+mammalian+cells.&rft.au=Hsie%2C+A+W%3BPorter%2C+R+C%3BXu%2C+Z%3BYu%2C+Y%3BSun%2C+J%3BMeltz%2C+M+L%3BSchwartz%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Hsie&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cell survival; V(D)J recombination; Exons; a Radiation; phosphoribosyltransferase; Point mutation; DNA damage; Gene deletion; Guanine; Mammalian cells; g Radiation; Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; Hypoxanthine; Polymerase chain reaction; Mutation; DNA; Proteins; Gamma radiation; survival; Alpha radiation; Mutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA adducts in human tissues: biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens in tobacco smoke. AN - 21263212; 11701753 AB - Tobacco smoking causes millions of cancer deaths annually. Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture of thousands of chemicals including many known animal carcinogens. Because many carcinogens from DNA adducts in target animal or human tissues, the detection of the formation of adducts using such methods as postlabeling, immunoassay, fluorescence spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry is a means of monitoring human exposure to tobacco carcinogens. Smokers are at increased risk of cancer in many organs, and studies have revealed either specific adducts related to smoking or increased levels of adducts in the lung, bronchus, larynx, bladder, cervix, and oral mucosa of smokers. In a limited number of studies, the adducts and the carcinogens responsible for them have been identified. Some studies have demonstrated higher levels of adducts in the white blood cells of smokers, while other studies indicate other sources of genotoxic agents, including diet, can contribute to the DNA damage observed in these cells. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Phillips, D H AD - Haddow Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 453 EP - 458 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Tissues KW - Mucosa KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Carcinogens KW - Spectroscopy KW - Mass spectroscopy KW - Smoking KW - Bronchus KW - Tobacco KW - Bioindicators KW - Diets KW - Mortality KW - Tobacco smoking KW - DNA adducts KW - Fluorescence KW - Urinary bladder KW - Leukocytes KW - Genotoxicity KW - Organs KW - biomarkers KW - Cancer KW - Smoke KW - DNA damage KW - fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Lung KW - DNA KW - Larynx KW - Cervix KW - Immunoassays KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=DNA+adducts+in+human+tissues%3A+biomarkers+of+exposure+to+carcinogens+in+tobacco+smoke.&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; DNA adducts; Tobacco smoking; Urinary bladder; Genotoxicity; Mucosa; Leukocytes; Carcinogens; biomarkers; Cancer; Mass spectroscopy; Smoke; DNA damage; fluorescence spectroscopy; Bronchus; Larynx; Cervix; Immunoassays; Chemicals; Bioindicators; Tissues; Mortality; Fluorescence; Mass spectrometry; Spectroscopy; Organs; Smoking; Lung; Tobacco; DNA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenicity of food mutagens. AN - 21262211; 11701746 AB - Cancer cells are produced by the accumulation of genetic alterations in somatic cells. Those genetic alterations are produced by xenobiotics, which enter the human body from the environment, and by autobiotics, which are produced in the human body. Food contains many different types of xenobiotic mutagens/carcinogens and tumor promoters. Food can influence the formation of autobiotic mutagens/carcinogens and give rise to tumor-promoting conditions. In spite of this, it can also contain many antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antitumor-promoting substances. Carcinogenic risk and anticarcinogenic efficacy are hard to express quantitatively; however, holistic approaches that are designed to improve lifestyle are realistic for cancer prevention. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sugimura, T AU - Nagao, M AU - Wakabayashi, K AD - National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan, tsugimur@gan.ncc.go.jp Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 429 EP - 433 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Food KW - prevention KW - tumors KW - Carcinogens KW - Xenobiotics KW - Cancer KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+of+food+mutagens.&rft.au=Sugimura%2C+T%3BNagao%2C+M%3BWakabayashi%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sugimura&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Carcinogenicity; Food; prevention; tumors; Xenobiotics; Carcinogens; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms of spontaneous human cancers. AN - 21262181; 11701752 AB - The causes of much of human cancer remain obscure. The fraction that is spontaneous is unknown and cannot be calculated until all known external causes have been accounted for. This is not a feasible proposition. However, there is substantial evidence that about 80% of human cancer could be avoided by eliminating tobacco consumption; by dietary changes; by reducing infection with certain viruses, bacteria, and parasitic worms; and, in white populations, by avoiding sunburn. Alcohol, occupational and medical carcinogens, and certain patterns of reproductive behavior also contribute to the cancer burden. Cancers that cannot be attributed to these causes, and for which no other causes can be found, could be considered spontaneous and to arise from endogenous processes. Epidemiological evidence suggests that spontaneous and induced cancers share the same mechanism. Cancer is a genetic disorder of somatic cells. An accumulation of mutant genes that control the cell cycle, maintain genomic stability, and mediate apoptosis is central to carcinogenesis. Spontaneous mutation may cause spontaneous cancer. Endogenous causes of mutation include depurination and depyrimidation of DNA; proofreading and mismatch errors during DNA replication; deamination of 5-methylcytosine to produce C to T base pair substitutions; and damage to DNA and its replication imposed by products of metabolism (notably oxidative damage caused by oxygen free radicals). Deficiencies in cellular defense mechanisms may also provoke spontaneous mutation. These include defective DNA excision-repair; low levels of antioxidants, antioxidant enzymes, and nucleophiles that trap DNA-reactive electrophiles; and enzymes that conjugate nucleophiles with DNA-damaging electrophiles. Mechanisms underlying many of those cellular defenses are under genetic control. Thus, germ line mutations or polymorphisms of genes that govern them may also contribute to spontaneous cancer. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Venitt, S AD - Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Royal Cancer Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom., s.venitt@icr.ac.uk Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 633 EP - 637 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Apoptosis KW - Antioxidants KW - Gene polymorphism KW - Viruses KW - Cell cycle KW - Deamination KW - Reproductive behavior KW - Carcinogens KW - Infection KW - Somatic cells KW - Oxidative metabolism KW - Mutants KW - infection KW - Tobacco KW - alcohols KW - genomics KW - Base pairs KW - Diets KW - Alcohol KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - Replication KW - Enzymes KW - oxygen free radicals KW - Cancer KW - Proofreading KW - Oxygen KW - Nucleophiles KW - DNA damage KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Carcinogenesis KW - DNA KW - Genetic control KW - Defense mechanisms KW - Mutation KW - Metabolism KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01360:Plant Diseases KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety KW - V 22370:Oncology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+spontaneous+human+cancers.&rft.au=Venitt%2C+S&rft.aulast=Venitt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=633&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Gene polymorphism; Deamination; Cell cycle; Reproductive behavior; Carcinogens; Somatic cells; Infection; Oxidative metabolism; alcohols; Tobacco; genomics; Base pairs; DNA biosynthesis; Replication; Enzymes; oxygen free radicals; Cancer; Proofreading; DNA damage; Nucleophiles; Carcinogenesis; Genetic control; Defense mechanisms; Mutation; Diets; Alcohol; Viruses; Mutants; Oxygen; Bioaccumulation; DNA; infection; Metabolism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological monitoring of workers exposed to emissions from petroleum plants. AN - 21260936; 11701754 AB - This paper presents some of the results from the Commission of the European Communities collaborative research program (contract number EV5V-CT92-0221), whose aim is to investigate the relationship between exposure to petroleum emissions, benzene, and induction of genetic damage in human cells. Twenty-four workers from petroleum plants in Poland and 35 unexposed controls were examined for cytogenetic effects and ras oncoprotein levels and their relationship to confounding factors (e.g., smoking habit, sex family cancer history, and seasonal influence). Preliminary data of chromosome aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) showed differences among sampling subgroups. In this present study, the levels of ras p21 proteins were determined and further analyses of CA, SCE, high frequency cells (HFC), and proliferative rate index (PRI) have been undertaken. Results show that the exposed group has statistically significant increases in CA, and percent of aberrant cells. There were no differences between exposed and unexposed groups in SCE, HFC, PRI, or the levels of ras p21 proteins. Smoking was found to statistically significantly affect levels of CA, percent of aberrant cells, SCE, HFC, and ras proteins. Sister chromatid exchanges were also statistically significantly sex dependent (7.5 breaks/cells for females and 6.8 breaks/cell for males). There were no statistically significant differences for CA, percent aberrant cells, SCE, HFC, or ras p21 protein levels in subgroups characterized according to cancer cases reported in the immediate family. A seasonal variability was shown with statistically significant increases in various biomarkers in the winter. Unexposed groups also showed increases due to smoking and season. The nonsmoking group individuals also showed statistically significant increases in cytogenetic damage with exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Anderson, D AU - Hughes, J A AU - Cebulska-Wasilewska, A AU - Wierzewska, A AU - Kasper, E AD - BIBRA International, Carshalton, Surrey, United Kingdom., help@bibra.co.uk Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 609 EP - 613 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Historical account KW - Contracts KW - Benzene KW - Cancer KW - Smoking KW - commissions KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - winter KW - Poland KW - Petroleum KW - Emissions KW - Proteins KW - Biological monitoring KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - Seasonal variations KW - Research programs KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biological+monitoring+of+workers+exposed+to+emissions+from+petroleum+plants.&rft.au=Anderson%2C+D%3BHughes%2C+J+A%3BCebulska-Wasilewska%2C+A%3BWierzewska%2C+A%3BKasper%2C+E&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=609&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Historical account; Contracts; Cancer; Benzene; commissions; Smoking; winter; Sulfur dioxide; Petroleum; Emissions; Biological monitoring; Proteins; Seasonal variations; Chromosome aberrations; Occupational exposure; Research programs; Poland ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular epidemiology in environmental carcinogenesis. AN - 21260911; 11701743 AB - Molecular epidemiology has significant potential in preventing cancer and other diseases caused by environmental exposures (related to lifestyle, occupation, or ambient pollution). This approach attempts to prevent cancer by incorporating laboratory methods to document the molecular dose and preclinical effects of carcinogens, as well as factors that increases individual susceptibility to carcinogens. Recently we have carried out validation studies of biologic markers such as carcinogen--DNA and carcinogen--protein adducts, gene and chromosomal mutations, alterations in target oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, polymorphisms in putative susceptibility genes (individual P450s, glutathione transferase M1), and serum levels of micronutrients. This research involves adults, infants, and children exposed to varying levels of carcinogens, as well as cancer cases and controls. On a group level, dose-response relationships have frequently been seen between various biomarkers and environmental exposures such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cigarette smoke (active and passive), and ambient indoor and workplace air pollution. However, there is significant interindividual variation in biomarkers that appears to reflect a modulating effect on biomarkers (hence potential risk) by genetic and acquired susceptibility factors. Ongoing retrospective and nested case-control studies of lung and breast cancer are examining the association between biomarkers and cancer risk. Results of these studies are encouraging; they suggest that biomarkers, once validated, can be useful in identifying populations and individuals at risk in time to intervene effectively. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Perera, F P AU - Mooney, L A AU - Dickey, C P AU - Santella, R M AU - Bell, D AU - Blaner, W AU - Tang, D AU - Whyatt, R M AD - Columbia University School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, New York, New York 10032, USA., fpp1@columbia.edu Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 441 EP - 443 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - micronutrients KW - tumors KW - Carcinogens KW - Children KW - Cancer KW - Smoke KW - Air pollution KW - Epidemiology KW - Laboratory methods KW - Lung KW - Dose-response effects KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Breast cancer KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Mutation KW - Occupational exposure KW - Infants KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Molecular+epidemiology+in+environmental+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Perera%2C+F+P%3BMooney%2C+L+A%3BDickey%2C+C+P%3BSantella%2C+R+M%3BBell%2C+D%3BBlaner%2C+W%3BTang%2C+D%3BWhyatt%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Perera&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B88&rft.isbn=0160520541&rft.btitle=Economic+development+and+U.S.+assistance+in+Gaza%2FJericho%3A+hearing%2C+July+13%2C+1995&rft.title=Economic+development+and+U.S.+assistance+in+Gaza%2FJericho%3A+hearing%2C+July+13%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; micronutrients; tumors; Carcinogens; Children; Cancer; Air pollution; Smoke; Laboratory methods; Epidemiology; Lung; Dose-response effects; Carcinogenesis; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Breast cancer; Mutation; Occupational exposure; Infants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increase in the 8-hydroxyguanine repair activity in the rat kidney after the administration of a renal carcinogen, ferric nitrilotriacetate. AN - 21260102; 11701751 AB - One type of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), is known to increase in rat kidney DNA after the administration of a renal carcinogen, ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA). To determine the involvement of oxygen radicals in Fe-NTA carcinogenesis, we examined whether the 8-OH-Gua repair enzymes are induced in the rat kidney after Fe-NTA administration, in addition to our analysis of the 8-OH-Gua levels in the DNA, because the 8-OH-Gua repair activity is known to be induced in mammalian cells by oxidative stress due to ionizing radiation. The 8-OH-Gua repair enzyme activity was determined with an endonuclease assay using a 22-mer double strand DNA, which contains 8-OH-Gua at a specific position. A significant increase in the 8-OH-Gua repair activity was observed in the rat kidney after a single intraperitoneal injection of Fe-NTA (p & 0.01). This is the first report on the induction of the repair activity for 8-OH-Gua after treatment with a chemical carcinogen. This assay will be useful for evaluating the carcinogenicity of oxygen radical-forming chemicals. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Yamaguchi, R AU - Hirano, T AU - Asami, S AU - Sugita, A AU - Kasai, H AD - Department of Environmental Oncology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 651 EP - 653 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Oxygen KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Kidney KW - DNA KW - Enzymes KW - Carcinogens KW - oxidative stress KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Increase+in+the+8-hydroxyguanine+repair+activity+in+the+rat+kidney+after+the+administration+of+a+renal+carcinogen%2C+ferric+nitrilotriacetate.&rft.au=Yamaguchi%2C+R%3BHirano%2C+T%3BAsami%2C+S%3BSugita%2C+A%3BKasai%2C+H&rft.aulast=Yamaguchi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Carcinogenicity; Ionizing radiation; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Kidney; Enzymes; Carcinogens; oxidative stress ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring human exposure to 2-hydroxyethylating carcinogens. AN - 21260080; 11701750 AB - It is known that human hemoglobin contains low levels of N-terminal N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine. Possible sources of this modified amino acid are exposure to ethylene oxide or other 2-hydroxy-ethylating agents. Although such processes are likely to occur endogenously, the exogenous contribution to the adduct formation is unclear. In order to explore the latter, we have analyzed N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine in the globin of 49 pregnant women and evaluated the effect of smoking status, area of residence, and glutathione S-transferase M1 genotype on adduct levels. Transplacental transfer of hydroxyethylating agents was also studied by the analysis of umbilical cord hemoglobin. The adduct levels in smokers were significantly higher than those in nonsmokers. The adduct levels in umbilical cord blood globin were quantitatively related to those in maternal blood (maternal:fetal ratio 2.7 in smokers and 2.8 in nonsmokers). In the nonsmokers, there was no statistically significant difference in the adduct level between the urban and rural areas, but the level in suburbia tended to be lower than that in the rural area. In the combined smoker and nonsmoker groups, there was no effect of the glutathione S-transferase M1 genotype on levels of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Farmer, P B AU - Cordero, R AU - Autrup, H AD - MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, United Kingdom, pbf1@le.ac.uk Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 449 EP - 452 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Smoking KW - Amino acids KW - Genotypes KW - Carcinogens KW - Rural areas KW - Urban areas KW - Pregnancy KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Monitoring+human+exposure+to+2-hydroxyethylating+carcinogens.&rft.au=Farmer%2C+P+B%3BCordero%2C+R%3BAutrup%2C+H&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoking; Amino acids; Carcinogens; Genotypes; Pregnancy; Urban areas; Rural areas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposures to mutagens--an analysis using the genetic activity profile database. AN - 21253842; 11701748 AB - The Genetic Activity Profile (GAP) database was used to identify and compare agents showing genotoxic activity in humans. The database revealed several substances for which both human and rodent cytogenetic data existed. Based on the ratio of the lowest effective doses (LEDs) in rodents versus human studies, humans appear to be at least 10 times more sensitive than rodents to the majority of the genotoxic substances examined. Several caveats are discussed which may be responsible, in part, for the apparent differences in sensitivity. Some of these differences could be due to variations in the test protocols or they may, in fact, reflect real differences between human and rodent cells. However, in contrast to the in vivo comparison, the LEDs for human data from in vitro studies were not uniformly lower than for comparable studies in rodents. The in vitro comparison suggests that the apparent differences in human versus rodent cell sensitivity seen in vivo must be viewed with a degree of caution. Nevertheless, the overall GAPs for these agents, and particularly the human in vivo data, underscore the concern for adequate protection of humans exposed to these environmental mutagens. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tice, R R AU - Stack, H F AU - Waters, M D AD - Integrated Laboratory Systems, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 585 EP - 589 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Databases KW - Mutagens KW - Data processing KW - Dose-response effects KW - Genotoxicity KW - rodents KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+exposures+to+mutagens--an+analysis+using+the+genetic+activity+profile+database.&rft.au=Tice%2C+R+R%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BWaters%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Tice&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Databases; Data processing; Genotoxicity; Sensitivity; Dose-response effects; rodents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distinction of mutagenic carcinogens from a mutagenic noncarcinogen in the big blue transgenic mouse. AN - 21253398; 11701745 AB - The aromatic amines 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT) and 2,6-diaminotoluene (2,6-DAT) are structural isomers that have been extensively studied for their mutagenic and carcinogenic characteristics. Both compounds are rapidly absorbed after oral administration and are equally mutagenic in the Ames test; however, 2,4-DAT is a potent hepatocarcinogen, whereas 2,6-DAT does not produce an increased incidence of tumors in rats or mice at similar doses. The Big Blue transgenic B6C3F1 mouse carries multiple copies of the lacl mutational target gene. Our studies were designed to determine whether the Big Blue system could be used to detect differences in the vivo mutagenic activity between the carcinogen-noncarcinogen pair 2,4-DAT and 2,6-DAT and to determine whether the in vivo mutagenesis assay results correspond to the rodent carcinogen bioassay results. Male B6C3F1 transgenic mice were exposed to 2,4-DAT or 2,6-DAT at 0 or 1,000 ppm in the diet for 30 and 90 days or to dimethylnitrosamine as a positive control. Mutant frequencies were nearly identical for all three groups at 30 days, while at 90 days the mutant frequency for the hepatocarcinogen 2,4-DAT (12.1 +/- 1.4 x 10(-5)) was significantly higher (p & 0.01) as compared to both age-matched (spontaneous) controls (5.7 +/- 2.9 x 10(-5)) and the 2,6-DAT-exposed group (5.7 +/- 2.4 x 10(-5)). Results from this study demonstrate that the Big Blue transgenic mutation assay can distinguish differences in vivo between the mutagenic responses of hepatic carcinogens ad a noncarcinogen; is sensitive to mutagens through subchronic dietary exposure; and yields a differential response depending upon the length of time mice are exposed to a mutagen. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cunningham, M L AU - Hayward, J J AU - Shane, B S AU - Tindall, K R AD - Environmental Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA., cunning1@niehs.nih.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 683 EP - 686 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mutagens KW - AMES test KW - 2,6-Diaminotoluene KW - Mutant frequency KW - Carcinogens KW - Mutants KW - Isomers KW - Mutagenesis KW - Rats KW - amines KW - Carcinogenicity KW - 2,4-Diaminotoluene KW - Diets KW - Oral administration KW - Mice KW - Tumors KW - Ames test KW - Transgenic mice KW - Liver KW - Dimethylnitrosamine KW - Mutation KW - rodents KW - Aromatics KW - W 30925:Genetic Engineering KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Distinction+of+mutagenic+carcinogens+from+a+mutagenic+noncarcinogen+in+the+big+blue+transgenic+mouse.&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B85&rft.isbn=0160472725&rft.btitle=Implementation+and+costs+of+U.S.+policy+in+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.title=Implementation+and+costs+of+U.S.+policy+in+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Mutagens; Oral administration; 2,6-Diaminotoluene; Mutant frequency; Carcinogens; Tumors; Transgenic mice; Ames test; Mutagenesis; Isomers; amines; 2,4-Diaminotoluene; Dimethylnitrosamine; Liver; Mutation; Aromatics; Rats; Carcinogenicity; AMES test; Mice; rodents; Mutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macromolecule adducts as biomarkers of exposure to environmental mutagens in human populations. AN - 21251141; 11703644 AB - A cancer epidemiologist recently said that "adduct measurement has so far been of little use to epidemiological research." This remark gives us a starting point for the discussion of the purposes of measuring macromolecule adducts that originate from electrophilic compounds or metabolites in humans and animals. Historically, methods for adduct monitoring were developed as a means of determining target doses that, combined with measurements of genotoxic potencies, could be used for risk assessment. With mass spectrometric methods, adducts can be quantified at levels that are thousands of times lower than those in which the cancer incidence associated with this exposure is detectable in disease-epidemiological studies. Furthermore, mass spectrometric techniques permit identification of the chemical structure of the adduct, particularly in the case of hemoglobin adducts. Adduct measurement therefore constitutes not only a means of risk estimation but it may be used as a complement of disease epidemiology in situations in which, for statistical reasons, the risk is too low to be detectable--which does not signify that the risk is acceptably low. It also gives a possibility of identification of the dangerous components in mixed exposures and of the relevant reactive intermediates in cases of complex metabolism. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ehrenberg, L AU - Granath, F AU - Tornqvist, M AD - Department of Radiobiology, Stockholm University, Sweden. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 423 EP - 428 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Risk assessment KW - Mutagens KW - Historical account KW - Genotoxicity KW - Metabolites KW - human populations KW - Cancer KW - Metabolism KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Macromolecule+adducts+as+biomarkers+of+exposure+to+environmental+mutagens+in+human+populations.&rft.au=Ehrenberg%2C+L%3BGranath%2C+F%3BTornqvist%2C+M&rft.aulast=Ehrenberg&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Bioindicators; Historical account; Mutagens; Genotoxicity; Metabolites; human populations; Metabolism; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of DNA repair deficiency in workers exposed to benzene. AN - 21249887; 11703646 AB - We hypothesize that chronic exposure to environmental toxicants can induce genetic damage causing DNA repair deficiencies and leading to the postulated mutator phenotype of carcinogenesis. To test our hypothesis, a host cell reactivation (HCR) assay was used in which pCMVcat plasmids were damaged with UV light (175, 350 J/m2 UV light), inactivating the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene, and then transfected into lymphocytes. Transfected lymphocytes were therefore challenged to repair the damaged plasmids, reactivating the reporter gene. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) and Gaucher cell lines were used as positive and negative controls for the HCR assay. The Gaucher cell line repaired normally but XP cell lines demonstrated lower repair activity. Additionally, the repair activity of the XP heterozygous cell line showed intermediate repair compared to the homozygous XP and Gaucher cells. We used HCR to measure the effects of benzene exposure on 12 exposed and 8 nonexposed workers from a local benzene plant. Plasmids 175 J/m2 and 350 J/m2 were repaired with a mean frequency of 66% and 58%, respectively, in control workers compared to 71% and 62% in exposed workers. Conversely, more of the exposed workers were grouped into the reduced repair category than controls. These differences in repair capacity between exposed and control workers were, however, not statistically significant. The lack of significant differences between the exposed and control groups may be due to extremely low exposure to benzene (& 0.3 ppm), small population size, or a lack of benzene genotoxicity at these concentrations. These results are consistent with a parallel hprt gene mutation assay. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hallberg, L M AU - el Zein, R AU - Grossman, L AU - Au, W W AD - Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-1110, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 529 EP - 534 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts KW - Toxicants KW - X chromosome KW - Statistical analysis KW - Lymphocytes KW - Benzene KW - Chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase KW - U.V. radiation KW - Chronic exposure KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Chromosome aberrations KW - Occupational exposure KW - Genotoxicity KW - DNA repair KW - Plasmids KW - Host cell reactivation KW - Reporter gene KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase KW - DNA KW - Xeroderma pigmentosum KW - Mutation KW - N 14820:DNA Metabolism & Structure KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+DNA+repair+deficiency+in+workers+exposed+to+benzene.&rft.au=Hallberg%2C+L+M%3Bel+Zein%2C+R%3BGrossman%2C+L%3BAu%2C+W+W&rft.aulast=Hallberg&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Toxicants; Genotoxicity; X chromosome; Statistical analysis; Lymphocytes; Plasmids; DNA repair; Benzene; Host cell reactivation; Chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase; U.V. radiation; Reporter gene; Chronic exposure; Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase; Carcinogenesis; Xeroderma pigmentosum; Occupational exposure; Ultraviolet radiation; DNA; Mutation; Chromosome aberrations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic Effect of 2,2,4,4,5,5-Hexachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on Hepatic Porphyrin Levels in the Rat AN - 14423679; 10519096 AB - Female rats were given 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alone or combined with either PCB 126, PCB 153 or PCB 156 in the diet for 13 weeks. Hepatic porphyrin levels increased in a dose related manner for each of the compounds given alone, except for PCB 153, which had no effect on the parameter. However, the combination of TCDD and PCB 153 demonstrated a synergistic effect, increasing the hepatic porphyrin levels to 800 times the control levels. The synergistic effects demonstrated by this combination of compounds indicates that risk assessments for mixtures of PCBs and dioxin-like compounds must be carefully evaluated. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - van Birgelen, Angelique PJM AU - Fase, Kitty M AU - van der Kolk, Jolanda AU - Poiger, Hermann AU - Brouwer, Abraham AU - Seinen, Willem AU - van den Berg, Martin Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 550 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - LIVER KW - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS KW - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14423679?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Synergistic+Effect+of+2%2C2%26lt%3BPR%26gt%3B%2C4%2C4%26lt%3BPR%26gt%3B%2C5%2C5%26lt%3BPR%26gt%3B-Hexachlorobiphenyl+and+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+on+Hepatic+Porphyrin+Levels+in+the+Rat&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+Angelique+PJM%3BFase%2C+Kitty+M%3Bvan+der+Kolk%2C+Jolanda%3BPoiger%2C+Hermann%3BBrouwer%2C+Abraham%3BSeinen%2C+Willem%3Bvan+den+Berg%2C+Martin&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=Angelique&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; LIVER; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Effects of Acid Aerosols on North American Children: Air Pollution Exposures AN - 14423638; 10519090 AB - Ozone, sulfate, particulate mass, and particle strong acidity were monitored for one year in 24 communities in the US and Canada. Several other air pollution parameters were measured in 20 of the communities, including ammonia, sulfur dioxide, nitric acid, nitrous acid and nitrate particulates. A high correlation between sulfate, ozone, and particle strong acidity levels and sulfur sources was found. This region included a strip from West Virginia, to southern Ontario, where concentrations were highest during the summer. Particle strong acidity decreased as distance from the sources increased. The northeastern US and two California locations had high nitric acid levels. Sulfur dioxide and particulate levels were within acceptable limits for all sites at all monitoring times. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Spengler, John D AU - Koutrakis, Petros AU - Dockery, Douglas W AU - Raizenne, Mark AU - Speizer, Frank E Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - NITROUS ACID KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - AREA COMPARISONS KW - AMMONIA KW - AEROSOLS KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - ACID DEPOSITION KW - NITRIC ACID KW - SULFUR DIOXIDE KW - PARTICULATES KW - OZONE KW - NORTH AMERICA KW - SEASONAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14423638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Acid+Aerosols+on+North+American+Children%3A+Air+Pollution+Exposures&rft.au=Spengler%2C+John+D%3BKoutrakis%2C+Petros%3BDockery%2C+Douglas+W%3BRaizenne%2C+Mark%3BSpeizer%2C+Frank+E&rft.aulast=Spengler&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B84&rft.isbn=0160520355&rft.btitle=Newborns%27+and+Mothers%27+Health+Protection+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+969%2C+to+require+that+health+plans+provide+coverage+for+a+minimum+hospital+stay+for+a+mother+and+child+following+the+birth+of+the+child&rft.title=Newborns%27+and+Mothers%27+Health+Protection+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+969%2C+to+require+that+health+plans+provide+coverage+for+a+minimum+hospital+stay+for+a+mother+and+child+following+the+birth+of+the+child&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SULFUR DIOXIDE; NITROUS ACID; PUBLIC HEALTH; OZONE; PARTICULATES; AEROSOLS; AMMONIA; AREA COMPARISONS; MONITORING, AIR; NORTH AMERICA; SEASONAL COMPARISONS; ACID DEPOSITION; NITRIC ACID ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons among Dutch Children AN - 14422991; 10519095 AB - Urine from more than 600 children residing in five areas of the Netherlands having various levels of PAHs in soil and air was collected and analyzed for the pyrene metabolite, 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP). The levels were adjusted for creatinine. Questionnaires were used to evaluate other routes of PAH exposure. About 200 of the children were sampled twice at three week intervals to determine the reliability of a single measurement of urinary 1-HP. The mean concentration of 1-HP in urine was 2.06. In one area, the levels were below those of controls. Only PAH content of indoor air was weakly associated with urinary 1-HP levels. Urinary 1-HP levels were slightly higher in children from a neighborhood that was built on tailings from a mine and who had yards with higher than normal levels of PAH in the upper layer of soil. However, children from a similar neighborhood did not have elevated 1-HP levels. A single measurement of 1-HP was unreliable. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - van Wijnen, Joop H AU - Slob, Rita AU - Jongmans-Liedekerken, Gonnie AU - van de Weerdt, Rick HJ AU - Woudenberg, Fred Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 530 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - AREA COMPARISONS KW - NETHERLANDS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbons+among+Dutch+Children&rft.au=van+Wijnen%2C+Joop+H%3BSlob%2C+Rita%3BJongmans-Liedekerken%2C+Gonnie%3Bvan+de+Weerdt%2C+Rick+HJ%3BWoudenberg%2C+Fred&rft.aulast=van+Wijnen&rft.aufirst=Joop&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AREA COMPARISONS; POPULATION SAMPLING; SOIL CONTAMINATION; AIR POLLUTION; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; NETHERLANDS; PUBLIC HEALTH; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association Between Drinking Water Disinfection and Somatic Parameters at Birth AN - 14422577; 10519093 AB - In Liguria, Italy, the association between use of chlorine compounds for water disinfection and birth length and cranial circumference was investigated in 548 exposed and 128 control babies. Incidence of small than normal birth length and cranial circumference was greater among offspring of women who consumed water treated with either chlorine dioxide or sodium hypochlorite. In addition, consumption of chlorine dioxide disinfected water by the mother doubled the rate of neonatal jaundice in the infants. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kanitz, Stefano AU - Franco, Yaurana AU - Patrone, Vittoriana AU - Caltabellotta, Marta AU - Raffo, Enrico AU - Riggi, Cristina AU - Timitilli, Daniela Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 516 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - WATER PURIFICATION KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - CHLORINE DIOXIDE KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - ITALY KW - DISINFECTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Association+Between+Drinking+Water+Disinfection+and+Somatic+Parameters+at+Birth&rft.au=Kanitz%2C+Stefano%3BFranco%2C+Yaurana%3BPatrone%2C+Vittoriana%3BCaltabellotta%2C+Marta%3BRaffo%2C+Enrico%3BRiggi%2C+Cristina%3BTimitilli%2C+Daniela&rft.aulast=Kanitz&rft.aufirst=Stefano&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=516&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; WATER PURIFICATION; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; PUBLIC HEALTH; CHLORINE DIOXIDE; DISINFECTION; ITALY; WATER, DRINKING ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Effects of Acid Aerosols on North American Children: Pulmonary Function AN - 14422536; 10519092 AB - After one year of meteorological and air pollution monitoring in 24 communities in Canada and the US, parents and guardians of more than 10,000 children completed questionnaires and consented to pulmonary function testing in schools in 22 of the communities. Adjusted forced vital capacity (FVC) decreased by 3.5% for every increase of 52 nmol particle strong acidity/m super(3). For children who had lived in a community. Lifelong residents of a community had insignificantly larger decrements in FVC. Chronic exposure to particle strong acidity increased the odds for low lung function. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Raizenne, Mark AU - Neas, Lucas M AU - Damokosh, Andrew I AU - Dockery, Douglas W AU - Spengler, John D AU - Koutrakis, Petros AU - Ware, James H Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 506 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - MONITORING, WEATHER KW - PARTICULATES KW - SURVEYS KW - AEROSOLS KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - NORTH AMERICA KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - ACID DEPOSITION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14422536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Acid+Aerosols+on+North+American+Children%3A+Pulmonary+Function&rft.au=Raizenne%2C+Mark%3BNeas%2C+Lucas+M%3BDamokosh%2C+Andrew+I%3BDockery%2C+Douglas+W%3BSpengler%2C+John+D%3BKoutrakis%2C+Petros%3BWare%2C+James+H&rft.aulast=Raizenne&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AEROSOLS; MONITORING, AIR; POPULATION SAMPLING; NORTH AMERICA; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; PUBLIC HEALTH; PULMONARY EFFECTS; ACID DEPOSITION; MONITORING, WEATHER; SURVEYS; PARTICULATES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate Contamination of Drinking Water: Relationship with HPRT Variant Frequency in Lymphocyte DNA and Urinary Excretion of N-Nitrosamines AN - 14421586; 10519094 AB - Lymphocytes were tested for frequency of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) as a biological indicator of human genetic risk from drinking water having various levels of nitrate contamination. Urinary excretion of N-nitrosamines and well water mutagenicity were also investigated. Healthy females from four populations with various levels of nitrate in drinking water were studied. A dose related increase in N-nitrate levels in urine was noted. Nitrate and nitrite levels of saliva were also related to nitrate concentration in drinking water. A dose related increase in HPRT was noted in subjects. N-nitrosopyrrolidine was detected in urine of 18 of the 22 subjects. A few well water samples were mutagenic in the Ames test. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - van Maanen, Jan, MS AU - Welle, Irene J AU - Hageman, Geja AU - Dallinga, Jan W AU - Mertens, Paul LJM AU - Kleinjans, Jos CS Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 522 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - NITRATES KW - NITROSAMINES KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - AMES TEST KW - MUTAGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14421586?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Nitrate+Contamination+of+Drinking+Water%3A+Relationship+with+HPRT+Variant+Frequency+in+Lymphocyte+DNA+and+Urinary+Excretion+of+N-Nitrosamines&rft.au=van+Maanen%2C+Jan%2C+MS%3BWelle%2C+Irene+J%3BHageman%2C+Geja%3BDallinga%2C+Jan+W%3BMertens%2C+Paul+LJM%3BKleinjans%2C+Jos+CS&rft.aulast=van+Maanen&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=522&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; PUBLIC HEALTH; NITRATES; AMES TEST; NITROSAMINES; WATER, DRINKING; MUTAGENIC AGENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Effects of Acid Aerosols on North American Children: Respiratory Symptoms AN - 14421429; 10519091 AB - More than 13,000 children residing in 24 communities in the US and Canada that were monitored for weather and air pollution for one year were evaluated for effects of air pollution on respiratory health. Parents and guardians answered questionnaires. Incidence of bronchitis was significantly greater among children residing in communities having high particle strong acidity levels. Bronchitis rates were also associated with particulate sulfates. No association between other respiratory symptoms and air pollution parameters was found. For children in nonurban environments, elevated incidence of bronchitis was associated with high levels of particle strong acidity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dockery, Douglas W AU - Cunningham, Joan AU - Damokosh, Andrew I AU - Neas, Lucas M AU - Spengler, John D AU - Koutrakis, Petros AU - Ware, James H Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 500 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - AREA COMPARISONS KW - AEROSOLS KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - ACID DEPOSITION KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BRONCHITIS KW - MONITORING, WEATHER KW - SULFATES KW - PARTICULATES KW - SURVEYS KW - NORTH AMERICA KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14421429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Acid+Aerosols+on+North+American+Children%3A+Respiratory+Symptoms&rft.au=Dockery%2C+Douglas+W%3BCunningham%2C+Joan%3BDamokosh%2C+Andrew+I%3BNeas%2C+Lucas+M%3BSpengler%2C+John+D%3BKoutrakis%2C+Petros%3BWare%2C+James+H&rft.aulast=Dockery&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; BRONCHITIS; MONITORING, WEATHER; SURVEYS; PARTICULATES; SULFATES; AEROSOLS; AREA COMPARISONS; MONITORING, AIR; NORTH AMERICA; ACID DEPOSITION ER - TY - GEN T1 - Preventing Teen Pregnancy: Coordinating Community Efforts. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62501238; ED416289 AB - The Subcommittee on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations of the House of Representatives Committee on Government Reform and Oversight met to consider the causes of and solutions to teen pregnancy and the role of community organizations in prevention efforts. Opening remarks by Representative Christopher Shays were followed by statements by a number of people with expertise in teen pregnancy prevention, beginning with the statement of Representative Edolphus Towns, which emphasizes that in many cases the fathers of the babies of teenage girls are much older than the mothers. Statements of Representatives Nancy Johnson and Eva M. Clayton further defined the problem and emphasized that solutions must be community based. Remarks and a panel discussion were presented by: (1) Henry W. Foster, Jr., Senior Advisor to the President; (2) Kristin A. Moore, from the National Campaign To Prevent Teen Pregnancy; (3) Pat Funderburk Ware, former director of the Office of Adolescent Pregnancy Programs; and (4) Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, Lieutenant Governor of Maryland. The panel discussion of these representatives of national initiatives was followed by a panel discussion of representatives from Best Friends, a program for girls and young women, and the Institute for Responsible Fatherhood and Family Revitalization. The transcribed comments and prepared statements of members of both panels are supplemented by letters, statements, and other documents submitted for the record. Panelists and Congress members were in general agreement that community-based approaches are needed to address the problems of teen pregnancy and that the role of fathers must be strengthened. (SLD) Y1 - 1996/04/30/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 30 SP - 155 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160554284 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - High Risk Students KW - Early Parenthood KW - Community Programs KW - Pregnant Students KW - Secondary Education KW - Prevention KW - Program Development KW - Hearings KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Unwed Mothers KW - Urban Youth KW - Social Problems KW - Family Planning KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62501238?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Today's Students and the American Dream: Their Concerns, Their Solutions. Hearing before the Committee on the Budget. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress. Second Session. Field Hearing (Villanova, PA). AN - 62555420; ED398817 AB - This document presents the minutes of a field hearing before the Budget Committee of the United States House of Representatives generally regarding the aspirations and financial needs of American college students in 1996. Students from Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and North Carolina addressed the Committee. The discussion focuses on the efforts of the current administration to enlarge the number of financial aid opportunities for college students. Among topics addressed are the Social Security Trust Fund, the earned income tax credit, tax fraud, tax cuts, the national debt, balancing the budget, teacher salaries, student needs, school safety, crime, unemployment, the national savings rate, private schools, the taxpayer revolution, the school lunch program, inner city problems, and urban flight. (CK) Y1 - 1996/04/26/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 26 SP - 48 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402 SN - 0160529174 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Access to Education KW - Tax Rates KW - Student Alienation KW - Higher Education KW - Teacher Salaries KW - Taxes KW - Older Adults KW - Program Budgeting KW - Social Attitudes KW - Hearings KW - College Students KW - Change Agents KW - Low Income Groups KW - Leadership Responsibility KW - Educational Legislation KW - Resource Allocation KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Economic Factors KW - Political Issues KW - Federal Legislation KW - Student Attitudes KW - Urban Areas KW - Generation Gap KW - Tax Credits KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62555420?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Educational Satellite Loan Guarantee Program Act, and Distance Learning. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate. One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62577504; ED400778 AB - This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing focused on the role of technology in promoting distance learning in the United States. Distance learning programs make educational resources available to citizens, regardless of socioeconomic status or geographic location, and enable citizens to remain competitive with each other and with other countries. Issues of cost and funding for distance learning are discussed. The document features an opening statement by Senator Conrad Burns, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space; and statements by Senator Ernest F. Hollings, Senator John D. Rockefeller IV, Senator J. James Exon, and Senator Larry Pressler. Testimony and prepared statements are included from the following witnesses: (1) Kimberly K. Obbink, director of Distance Learning and Instructional Telecommunications at Montana State University; (2) Janet K. Lewis, Ph.D., Dean of Continuing Education, University of South Dakota; (3) Henry Marockie, Ph.D., West Virginia State Superintendent of Schools; (4) Jessica Lambert, Distance Learning Student, Mount View High School, Welch, West Virginia; (5) Patrick Portway, founder and executive director, U.S. Distance Learning Association; (6) Linda G. Roberts, Ph.D., director, Office of Educational Technology, U.S. Department of Education; (7) Kenneth C. Elliott, assistant professor of psychology, Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of Maine at Augusta; (8) Shelly Weinstein, president and CEO, National Education Telecommunications Organization; (9) Pat Wright, senior vice president of Education, ETC, with Telecommunications, Inc.; (10) David W. Jupin, general manager of Network Systems, COMSAT RSI; (11) Carl E. Swearingen, president, Georgia BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc.; and (12) Sally M. Johnston, Ph.D., director, Western Cooperative for Educational Telecommunications, Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education. (SWC) Y1 - 1996/04/24/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 24 SP - 161 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160534402 KW - Barriers to Participation KW - Congress 104th KW - Economic Competitiveness KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Technological Advancement KW - Geographic Location KW - Access to Education KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Government Role KW - Educational Finance KW - Telecommunications KW - Distance Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Hearings KW - Educational Innovation KW - Educational Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62577504?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Higher Education: "Who Plays, Who Pays, Who Goes" before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62561369; ED399902 AB - This Congressional hearing report is intended to provide a broad overview of the current state of higher education and establish a foundation for future hearings on more specific topics concerned with the reauthorization of the Higher Education Act. Issues addressed in the report include: costs of going to college; characteristics of those who go to college; kinds of financial available; characteristics of financial aid recipients; distribution of financial aid among private versus public colleges and among dependent versus independent students; types of programs eligible for federal aid; and the role of the college financial aid officer. Included are the transcripts of the testimonies of: David A. Longanecker, Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education, who reviewed Title IV eligibility and certification requirements; John B. Childers, of The College Board, who reported on the Board's experiences with financing postsecondary education; Margot Schenet, of the Congressional Research Service, who gave testimony about who gets student aid and where they go to school; Michael T. Nettles, of the United Negro College Fund, who addressed enrollment trends for minority students; and Thomas M. Rutter, Director of Financial Aid at San Francisco State University, who talked about the role of the financial aid administrator. Also included is the transcript of the question-and-answer period which followed the oral testimony and the supporting documentation provided by each respondent. (CH) Y1 - 1996/04/23/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 23 SP - 124 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160529468 KW - Congress 104th KW - Higher Education Act Title IV KW - Higher Education Act 1965 KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Student Financial Aid Officers KW - Need Analysis (Student Financial Aid) KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Federal Aid KW - Educational Finance KW - Admission Criteria KW - Higher Education KW - Eligibility KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Federal Legislation KW - Enrollment Management KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - College Admission KW - Financial Aid Applicants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62561369?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains pages of small print that may not reprodu N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Job Training that Works. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62500127; ED415393 AB - This document reports the oral and written testimony submitted at a Congressional hearing on how job training works--how effective employment training programs succeed and how that success is measured. The hearing was based on a General Accounting Office study that found four hallmarks of effective job training: individual commitment, removal of personal barriers to employment, a focus on basic employment skills, and a close connection to the realities of the local job market. Witnesses included persons who had completed job training programs, operators of nonprofit organizations that conduct job training, government officials involved in job training programs, and representatives of corporations such as Marriott International that conduct extensive job training programs. The testimony focused on the need to coordinate efforts of job training programs so that potential participants do not have to work through a maze of hundreds of agencies. The witnesses pointed out that even well-educated people and professionals in the human services field have a hard time determining which agencies can help them and how to find those agencies. Some of the witnesses endorsed one-stop services such as those supported in the GI Bill and in a proposed Career Bill. (KC) Y1 - 1996/04/18/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 18 SP - 121 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160554187 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Employment Services KW - Cooperative Programs KW - Public Policy KW - Educational Needs KW - Job Training KW - Models KW - Needs KW - Employment Potential KW - Adult Basic Education KW - Job Skills KW - Federal Legislation KW - Policy Formation KW - Hearings KW - Institutional Cooperation KW - Employment Programs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62500127?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - School Bus Safety Issues. Hearing on Examining Defective Handrails Which Have Been Found on School Buses across the Country, the Need for a School Bus Specific Commercial Drivers' License, and the Use of Public Transportation by Students, of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, United States Senate. One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62566005; ED400597 AB - The hearing was held to examine the following student-transportation safety issues: defective handrails on school buses; the need for a school-bus specific-commercial driver's license; and the use of public transportation by students. Senator Mike DeWine presided over the hearing. The document contains testimonies and prepared statements of participants; articles, publications, and letters; communications; questions and answers; and selected charts on school-bus safety. Participants included officials of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the National School Transportation Association, the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, and the American Academy of Pediatrics; a county prosecuting attorney; and school-transportation consultants. (LMI) Y1 - 1996/04/02/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 02 SP - 129 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160525721 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - School Buses KW - Traffic Safety KW - Student Transportation KW - Bus Transportation KW - Bus Drivers KW - Hearings KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Certification KW - Driver Education KW - Traffic Accidents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62566005?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tetrodotoxin-sensitive inactivation-resistant sodium channels in pacemaker cells influence heart rate. AN - 78006544; 8927503 AB - There is currently some uncertainty about whether cardiac pacemaker cells contain tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive Na+ channels although TTX is known to slow heart rate. We have recorded transient and persistent single-channel currents activated by depolarization in myocytes isolated from the toad sinus venosus. The myocytes were identified as pacemaker cells by their characteristic morphology, spontaneous action potentials that were blocked by cobalt but not by TTX, and lack of an inwardly rectifying K+ current. The voltage dependence of the single-channel currents, their presence in solutions containing no K+ or Ca2+, or in solutions to which Cs+ and Co2+ had been added, their dependence on [Na+] and their sensitivity to TTX indicated that they were Na+ channel currents. The persistent Na+ channel currents were resistant to inactivation and were activated over the range of potentials that occur during diastole in pacemaker cells: they would therefore contribute to the pacemaker current that sets heart rate. It was concluded that TTX slows heart rate by blocking these channels in pacemaker cells. JF - Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology AU - Ju, Y K AU - Gage, P W AU - Saint, D A AD - John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, GPO Box 334, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 868 EP - 875 VL - 431 IS - 6 SN - 0031-6768, 0031-6768 KW - Sodium Channels KW - 0 KW - Cesium KW - 1KSV9V4Y4I KW - Cobalt KW - 3G0H8C9362 KW - Tetrodotoxin KW - 4368-28-9 KW - Sodium KW - 9NEZ333N27 KW - Potassium KW - RWP5GA015D KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Cesium -- pharmacology KW - Bufo marinus KW - Animals KW - Biological Clocks -- physiology KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Biological Clocks -- drug effects KW - Potassium -- pharmacology KW - Membrane Potentials KW - Drug Resistance KW - Calcium -- pharmacology KW - Cobalt -- pharmacology KW - Sodium -- metabolism KW - Heart Conduction System -- cytology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Heart Conduction System -- physiology KW - Heart Conduction System -- drug effects KW - Heart Rate -- physiology KW - Sodium Channels -- physiology KW - Tetrodotoxin -- pharmacology KW - Sodium Channels -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78006544?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pflugers+Archiv+%3A+European+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Tetrodotoxin-sensitive+inactivation-resistant+sodium+channels+in+pacemaker+cells+influence+heart+rate.&rft.au=Ju%2C+Y+K%3BGage%2C+P+W%3BSaint%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Ju&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=431&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=868&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pflugers+Archiv+%3A+European+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00316768&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Guide to Promising Practices in Educational Partnerships. AN - 62679188; ED392980 AB - This guide, which is designed for individuals interested in establishing joint endeavors among schools, social service agencies, cultural institutions, businesses, industries, and/or institutions of higher education, illustrates promising practices supporting and reflecting partnership activities. Part 1 is divided into three sections detailing practices supporting partnership building in the following areas: needs assessments (educational, community, and participant-based needs assessments); project staffing (transition of key personnel and volunteer project managers); and initiating activities (identifying and recruiting partners, recruiting volunteers, and recruiting partners). Part 2 includes four sections in which promising practices representing partnership activities in the following areas are described: staff development (cross-agency training, teacher-tutor training, school-based master's degrees); student support services (peer tutor-mentors and business mentors and coaches); school-to-work transition (articulated curricula, job skills workshops, job shadows, health career internships, and business and instructional internships); and community involvement (parent education, resource directories, and public hearings). Concluding the guide is a profile of one promising partnership that encompasses many of the practices described. Appended are the names/addresses of the members of the Educational Partnership Study Group, which conducted the study out of which this guide grew. (MN) AU - Bodinger-deUriarte, Cristina Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 77 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485118 KW - Job Coaches KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Parent Education KW - School Community Relationship KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Coordination KW - Volunteers KW - Recruitment KW - Needs Assessment KW - Educational Needs KW - Staff Development KW - School Business Relationship KW - Secondary Education KW - Mentors KW - Citizen Participation KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Services KW - Job Shadowing KW - Educational Practices KW - Parent Participation KW - Agency Cooperation KW - Cooperative Planning KW - Tutors KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62679188?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Technical Issues in Large-Scale Performance Assessment. AN - 62571373; ED399300 AB - Recently, there has been a significant expansion in the use of performance assessment in large scale testing programs. Although there has been significant support from curriculum and policy stakeholders, the technical feasibility of large scale performance assessments has remained a question. This report is intended to contribute to the debate by reviewing some of the technical issues that must be addressed by any developer of large-scale performance assessments. The report is also intended to surface issues, articulate problems, and where possible, give advice on how to proceed. The report is divided into five chapters, each focusing on a major technical topic. "Validity of Performance Assessments" (Samuel Messick) defines validity as a property of inferences and interpretations made from test scores. In performance assessment, the primary adverse consequence that must be investigated is the potential negative impact on individuals or groups based on sources of invalidity. "Generalizability of Performance Assessments" (Robert L. Brennan) provides an overview of generalizability theory and integrates literature on the reliability of performance assessment with the conceptual framework of generalizability theory. "Comparability" (Edward H. Haertel and Robert L. Linn) stresses that in order to provide indicators of trends in academic achievement, large scale performance assessments must be comparable across administrations. "Setting Performance Standards for Performance Assessments: Some Fundamental Issues, Current Practice, and Technical Dilemmas" (Richard M. Jaeger, Ina V. S. Mullis, Mary Lyn Bourque, and Sharif Shakrani) describes the myriad ways performance standards are used and addresses the need for new methods of establishing such standards for performance assessments of students and teachers. Two new approaches to setting performance standards, iterative judgmental policy capturing and a multistage dominant profile procedure are outlined. References follow each of the chapters. (Contains five tables and eight figures.) (SLD) AU - Phillips, Gary W. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 152 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-96-802 KW - Comparability KW - Large Scale Assessment KW - Policy Capturing Method KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Performance Based Assessment KW - Test Reliability KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Testing Problems KW - Standard Setting KW - Generalizability Theory KW - Test Validity KW - Standards KW - Test Construction KW - Standard Setting (Scoring) KW - Psychometrics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62571373?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS:88/94) Methodology Report. Technical Report. AN - 62559484; ED402337 AB - This report describes the methods and procedures used for the 1994 third followup of the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 eighth graders (NELS:88/94). NELS:88/94 collected information on postsecondary education participation, employment, earnings, family formation, and other activities and experiences relevant to individuals as they are about to enter their adult lives. NELS:88/94 contains information on several nationally representative samples, including 1988 eighth graders, 1990 tenth graders, and 1992 twelfth graders enrolled in public or private schools. Information is presented about survey design and preparation, data collection, data production statistics, quality assurance, and statistical quality control. Weights, standard errors, design effects, nonresponse rates, data quality, and composite variables are also discussed. Three appendixes present the code for the survey instrument and the agendas for interviewer and locator training sessions. (Contains 6 exhibits and 47 tables.) (SLD) AU - Haggerty, Catherine Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 181 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486378 KW - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 8 KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Followup Studies KW - Research Methodology KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Data Collection KW - Secondary School Students KW - National Surveys KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Tables (Data) KW - Secondary Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62559484?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupling ocean-atmosphere models AN - 52843304; 1996-045394 AB - Recently, climate has become a topic of popular interest which can be discussed in both the academic and the political arena. A fundamentally important aspect to understanding climate (on Earth) lies with the coupling between the ocean and the atmosphere. This article explores the basis of the coupling and its role in helping to determine climate. The application of these principles has led to the construction and implementation of families of coupled general circulation models (CGCMs), the ubiquitous demands of which are drawing together many different branches of oceanography and meteorology. JF - Earth-Science Reviews AU - Bye, J A T Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 149 EP - 162 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 40 IS - 1-2 SN - 0012-8252, 0012-8252 KW - general circulation models KW - ocean circulation KW - numerical models KW - circulation KW - theoretical models KW - coupling KW - atmosphere KW - climate KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52843304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.atitle=Coupling+ocean-atmosphere+models&rft.au=Bye%2C+J+A+T&rft.aulast=Bye&rft.aufirst=J+A&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth-Science+Reviews&rft.issn=00128252&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00128252 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESREBW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; circulation; climate; coupling; general circulation models; numerical models; ocean circulation; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment for neurobehavioral toxicity: SGOMSEC joint report. AN - 21270433; 11701741 AB - Behavioral end points for neurotoxicity risk assessment have been developed and examined over the past three decades. They are now ready to move from simple qualitative guidelines, such as exemplified by reference doses, to more quantitative models, such as benchmark doses, based on dose-response information. Risk assessors, confronted by a wider array of methodologies and data than in the past, should be offered guidance in interpretation because now they have to deal with unaccustomed questions and problems. These include reversibility, susceptible populations, multiple end points, and the details of dose-response and dose-effect distributions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hattis, D AU - Glowa, J AU - Tilson, H AU - Ulbrich, B AD - Marsh Institute Center for Technology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 217 EP - 226 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Data processing KW - benchmarks KW - guidelines KW - Dose-response effects KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Toxicity KW - Joints KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+for+neurobehavioral+toxicity%3A+SGOMSEC+joint+report.&rft.au=Hattis%2C+D%3BGlowa%2C+J%3BTilson%2C+H%3BUlbrich%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hattis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Data processing; Neurotoxicity; Joints; benchmarks; guidelines; Dose-response effects; Toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comprehensive neurotoxicity assessment. AN - 21262188; 11701739 AB - Significant progress has been made in recent years in terms of both the conceptualization of neurotoxicity assessment strategies as well as in the development of behavioral techniques for evaluating neurotoxic exposures. A tiered approach, for example, has been advocated as an assessment strategy in which testing would proceed in a stepwise fashion from general screening using simple behavioral methods and neuropathology (tier 1) to the characterization of effects (tier 2) using more specific testing techniques. With respect to tier-1 testing, behavioral observational methods have been standardized for screening purposes, and these technically simple techniques, together with automated methods for motor activity assessment, are being increasingly incorporated into chemical and drug safety evaluations for regulatory purposes. With respect to tier-2 testing, more technically sophisticated techniques and behavioral paradigms are available for characterizing the behavioral effects of chemical exposures on motor, sensory, and cognitive processes. Paradigms involving learned and unlearned behavior, for example, have been described for quantifying a variety of clinical signs of motor impairment including paretic gait disorders, tremor, and coordination deficits. Likewise, robust noninvasive behavioral methods capable of tracking changes in visual, auditory, and somatosensory thresholds during the course of exposure are also available. With respect to cognitive testing, numerous maze and operant techniques and paradigms measuring different aspects of performance, learning, and memory have been elaborated. This paper presents an overview of behavioral techniques currently used to assess neurotoxicity in adult laboratory animals and discusses their application to hazard identification and other areas of risk assessment. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kulig, B M AD - Department of Neurotoxicology and Reproduction Toxicology, TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Rijswijk, The Netherlands, kulig@voeding.tno.nl Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 317 EP - 322 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Visual thresholds KW - Learning KW - Laboratory testing KW - Operant conditioning KW - Laboratory animals KW - Automation KW - Drug development KW - Memory KW - cognitive ability KW - Cognitive ability KW - Reviews KW - Motor activity KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Standards KW - Sensory integration KW - gait KW - tremor KW - Drugs KW - Neuropathology KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - N3 11027:Neurology & neuropathology KW - R2 23110:Psychological aspects KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Comprehensive+neurotoxicity+assessment.&rft.au=Kulig%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Kulig&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Visual thresholds; Learning; Operant conditioning; Laboratory animals; Automation; Drug development; Memory; Cognitive ability; Motor activity; Reviews; Neurotoxicity; Sensory integration; gait; tremor; Neuropathology; cognitive ability; Laboratory testing; Standards; Drugs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neuropsychological approaches for the detection and evaluation of toxic symptoms. AN - 21259065; 11703638 AB - The purpose of this paper is 3-fold: a) to review briefly the neuropsychological tests that have been used to evaluate the effects of neurotoxicants; b) to identify individual factors that may create heightened sensitivity to neurotoxicants; and c) to discuss test parameters that will increase the sensitivity of neuropsychological tests for detecting symptoms in low-level exposure situations. While the body of literature on neurobehavioral toxicology has increased dramatically during the past 10 years, it remains difficult to discern which tests are most effective in detecting behavioral effects even among workers with significant exposures. Few investigators have evaluated the interactions between individual differences, such as gender and psychiatric function, and exposure to neurotoxicants. Detection of behavioral performance decrements among uniquely susceptible populations such as those with sensitivities to low-level exposures (e.g., multiple chemical sensitivities) will require more difficult tests than are frequently used in current neuropsychological test batteries. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fiedler, N AD - UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA, nfiedler@eohsi.rutgers.edu Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 239 EP - 245 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Multiple chemical sensitivity KW - Sensitivity KW - Workers KW - Reviews KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Gender KW - Toxicology KW - Occupational exposure KW - N3 11001:Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neuropsychological+approaches+for+the+detection+and+evaluation+of+toxic+symptoms.&rft.au=Fiedler%2C+N&rft.aulast=Fiedler&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Multiple chemical sensitivity; Workers; Reviews; Occupational exposure; Sensitivity; Gender; Neurotoxicity; Toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons for neurotoxicology from selected model compounds: SGOMSEC joint report. AN - 21251754; 11701740 AB - The ability to identify potential neurotoxicants depends upon the characteristics of our test instruments. The neurotoxic properties of lead, methylmercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organic solvents would all have been detected at some dose level by tests in current use, provided that the doses were high enough and administered at an appropriate time such as during gestation. The adequacy of animal studies, particularly rodent studies, to predict intake levels at which human health can be protected is disappointing, however. It is unlikely that the use of advanced behavioral methodology would alleviate the apparent lack of sensitivity of the rodent model for many agents. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rice, D C AU - Evangelista de Duffard, A M AU - Duffard, R AU - Iregren, A AU - Satoh, H AU - Watanabe, C AD - Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., drice@bcad1.food.hwc.ca Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 205 EP - 215 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Sensitivity KW - Methylmercury KW - Solvents KW - Lead KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Gestation KW - Dimethylmercury KW - PCB compounds KW - rodents KW - PCB KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Lessons+for+neurotoxicology+from+selected+model+compounds%3A+SGOMSEC+joint+report.&rft.au=Rice%2C+D+C%3BEvangelista+de+Duffard%2C+A+M%3BDuffard%2C+R%3BIregren%2C+A%3BSatoh%2C+H%3BWatanabe%2C+C&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polychlorinated biphenyls; Gestation; Neurotoxicity; Dimethylmercury; Solvents; Lead; PCB; Methylmercury; Sensitivity; PCB compounds; rodents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Appropriate end points for the characterization of behavioral changes in developmental toxicology. AN - 21251698; 11703639 AB - The present paper is devoted to second- and higher-tier test methods for the characterization of behavioral changes produced in rodents by exposure to noxious agents during development. The paper analyzes a series of end points that are informative about specific processes and underlying regulatory mechanisms but require greater technical sophistication and larger investments than first-tier end points. This applies to ultrasonic emissions in successive postnatal periods; to mother-pup interactions, including appropriate cross-fostering controls; to social (including sexual) interaction tests from the infantile to the young adult stage; and to a variety of conditioning and learning tests using both positive and negative reinforcement. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cuomo, V AU - De Salvia, M A AU - Petruzzi, S AU - Alleva, E AD - Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bari, Italy. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 307 EP - 315 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Learning KW - Ultrasonics KW - Emissions KW - Reinforcement KW - Developmental stages KW - young adults KW - Mother-offspring interactions KW - Toxicology KW - rodents KW - X 24490:Other KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Appropriate+end+points+for+the+characterization+of+behavioral+changes+in+developmental+toxicology.&rft.au=Cuomo%2C+V%3BDe+Salvia%2C+M+A%3BPetruzzi%2C+S%3BAlleva%2C+E&rft.aulast=Cuomo&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Learning; Ultrasonics; Reinforcement; Developmental stages; Mother-offspring interactions; Emissions; young adults; rodents; Toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of our understanding of methylmercury as a health threat. AN - 21251422; 11703637 AB - Methylmercury (MeHg) is recognized as one of the most hazardous environmental pollutants, primarily due to endemic disasters that have occurred repeatedly. A review of the earlier literature on the Minamata outbreak shows how large-scale poisoning occurred and why it could not be prevented. With the repeated occurrences of MeHg poisoning, it gradually became clear that the fetus is much more susceptible to the toxicity of this compound than the adult. Thus, recent epidemiologic studies in several fish-eating populations have focused on the effects of in utero exposure to MeHg. Also, there have been many studies on neurobehavioral effects of in utero exposure to methylmercury in rodents and nonhuman primates. The results of these studies revealed that the effects encompass a wide range of behavioral categories without clear identification of the functional categories distinctively susceptible to MeHg. The overall neurotoxicity of MeHg in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents appears to have similarities. However, several gaps exist between the human and animal studies. By using the large body of neurotoxicologic data obtained in human populations and filling in such gaps, we can use MeHg as a model agent for developing a specific battery of tests of animal behavior to predict human risks resulting from in utero exposure to other chemicals with unknown neurotoxicity. Approaches developing such a battery are also discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Watanabe, C AU - Satoh, H AD - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 367 EP - 379 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Chemicals KW - Prenatal experience KW - Model Testing KW - Endemic species KW - Batteries KW - Pollutants KW - Exposure KW - Rodents KW - Methylmercury KW - Methyl mercury KW - Poisoning KW - Disasters KW - Human Population KW - outbreaks KW - Toxicity KW - Primates KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Reviews KW - Foetus KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Animal Behavior KW - Population structure KW - human populations KW - rodents KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+our+understanding+of+methylmercury+as+a+health+threat.&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+C%3BSatoh%2C+H&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methyl mercury; Endemic species; Pollutants; Foetus; Disasters; Population structure; Toxicity; Chemicals; Methylmercury; Prenatal experience; Poisoning; outbreaks; Primates; Batteries; Reviews; Neurotoxicity; human populations; rodents; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Animal Behavior; Human Population; Model Testing; Rodents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurobehavioral aspects of developmental toxicity testing. AN - 21251122; 11703636 AB - Tests for detection of neurobehavioral changes in the offspring have been a regulatory requirement in developmental toxicity testing of drugs for almost 20 years. Keeping their purpose of hazard identification and risk assessment for humans in mind, investigators and agency reviewers have become deeply ingrained with some stereotyped behaviors with respect to such relevant issues as choice of animal species and data evaluation. Other problematic areas of study design and conduct, selection of litter representatives for testing, what methods to combine in a testing battery, and statistical treatment of results and their interpretation, will need more research and discussion in the future. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ulbrich, B AU - Palmer, A K AD - Bundesinstitut fur Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte, Berlin, Germany. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 407 EP - 412 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - Risk assessment KW - Litter KW - Data processing KW - Statistics KW - Toxicity KW - Stereotyped behavior KW - Batteries KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Progeny KW - Toxicity testing KW - Drugs KW - offspring KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neurobehavioral+aspects+of+developmental+toxicity+testing.&rft.au=Ulbrich%2C+B%3BPalmer%2C+A+K&rft.aulast=Ulbrich&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=407&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Litter; Statistics; Data processing; Progeny; Drugs; Toxicity testing; Stereotyped behavior; toxicity testing; Batteries; Neurotoxicity; Toxicity; offspring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fatty acid adaptation in an Antarctic bacterium -- changes in primer utilization AN - 15822590; 4004926 AB - The fatty acid composition and temperature/growth characteristics of a psychrophilic bacterium, strain ACAM 456, isolated from Antarctic sea-ice is reported. The bacterium produced acyl components that may be grouped in three different carbon chain types: even-chain, odd-chain and iso-branched odd-chain. The proportions of these chain types varied according to growth temperature, and were manipulated by growth on L-serine, L-leucine or propionic acid as sole carbon sources. De novo fatty acid synthesis was investigated using sodium [1- super(14)C]acetate, L-[U- super(14)C]leucine and L-[U- super(14)C]serine as radioactive precursors. Compared with a control culture, resuspension of midexponential phase cells in artificial seawater led to a change in the selection and/or intracellular availability of acyl chain primer molecules. The proportion of radiolabel incorporated into even-chain length components from cells declined, whereas the percentage of radiolabel present in odd-chain length components increased. An increase in incubation temperature augmented this effect, and also elicited a rise in the proportion of label present in branched-chain products. ACAM 456 manipulated the utilization of acyl chain primer molecules as an adaptive response to changes in environmental conditions. In particular, the regulation of odd-chain length fatty acids is described as a novel adaptational response. JF - Microbiology AU - Nichols, D S AU - Russell, N J AD - Antarctic CRC and Dep. Agric. Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 747 EP - 754 VL - 142 IS - 4 SN - 0002-0311, 0002-0311 KW - growth KW - microbiological culture KW - psychrophilic bacteria KW - temperature KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Marine KW - fatty acids KW - sea ice KW - temperature preferences KW - PS, Antarctica KW - Antarctica KW - temperature tolerance KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - J 02731:Lipids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15822590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbiology&rft.atitle=Fatty+acid+adaptation+in+an+Antarctic+bacterium+--+changes+in+primer+utilization&rft.au=Nichols%2C+D+S%3BRussell%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbiology&rft.issn=00020311&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - temperature preferences; fatty acids; sea ice; temperature tolerance; microbiological culture; temperature; psychrophilic bacteria; PS, Antarctica; Antarctica; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence of Decreased T-Helper Cell Function in Industrial Workers 20 Years after Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin AN - 14415230; 10518159 AB - Twenty years after exposure to high doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) ended, the immune function of 11 occupationally exposed subjects. TCDD levels in fat were at least ten times that of the general population. Controls and exposed subjects were not different in distribution of lymphocyte surface markers or proliferation of lymphocytes induced by mitogen. However, TCDD exposure caused a reduction lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by interleukin-2, and altered the T-cell allo-response. After exposure to irradiated stimulator cells, the responder cells of TCDD exposed subjects demonstrated less proliferation. The responder cell fraction was suppressed as demonstrated by the reaction of third party mixed lymphocytes to stimulator cells that had not been irradiated. The results showed a long term effect on the immune function of T-helper cells that is probably caused by effects on the cells, rather than by reductions in cell numbers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tonn, Torsten AU - Esser, Charlotte AU - Schneider, EMarion AU - Steinmann-Steiner-Haldenstatt, Wolfgang AU - Gleichmann, Ernst Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 422 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LYMPHOCYTES KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14415230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+Decreased+T-Helper+Cell+Function+in+Industrial+Workers+20+Years+after+Exposure+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin&rft.au=Tonn%2C+Torsten%3BEsser%2C+Charlotte%3BSchneider%2C+EMarion%3BSteinmann-Steiner-Haldenstatt%2C+Wolfgang%3BGleichmann%2C+Ernst&rft.aulast=Tonn&rft.aufirst=Torsten&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LYMPHOCYTES; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Anovulation and Transient Luteal Function Using a Urinary Pregnanediol-3-Glucuronide Ratio Algorithm AN - 14414163; 10518157 AB - Blood and urine samples from women with exercise induced amenorrhea were used to establish a urinary pregnanediol-3-glucuronide ratios. The method was validated using a second population of amenorrheics. Studies were conducted at two Universities. The ratio was useful in detecting anovulatory cycles in between 75 and 89% of the population when compared with results of progesterone analysis in the population. Anovulation in women may be due to exposure to toxic agents in the environment, and a method for determining anovulation could be useful in studying the effects of such toxicants. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kassam, Amir AU - Overstreet, James W AU - Snow-Harter, Christine AU - De Souza, Mary Jane AU - Gold, Ellen B AU - Lasley, Bill L Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 408 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14414163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Anovulation+and+Transient+Luteal+Function+Using+a+Urinary+Pregnanediol-3-Glucuronide+Ratio+Algorithm&rft.au=Kassam%2C+Amir%3BOverstreet%2C+James+W%3BSnow-Harter%2C+Christine%3BDe+Souza%2C+Mary+Jane%3BGold%2C+Ellen+B%3BLasley%2C+Bill+L&rft.aulast=Kassam&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=408&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; PUBLIC HEALTH; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal and Spatial Variation of the Bacterial Mutagenicity of Fine Organic Aerosol in Southern California AN - 14413361; 10518160 AB - Samples of particulate air pollution were collected at various locations in Southern California during 1993 and investigated for mutagenicity in a bioassay using Salmonella typhimurium TM677. Samples were collected at Los Angeles and Long Beach, which contained mostly fresh emissions; Azusa and Rubidoux, which contained mostly transported particulates and reaction products of atmospheric chemicals; and at San Nicolas Island, which was upwind of the pollution stream. Seasonal variations in mutagenicity were found for the fresh pollution sites. Mutagenicity was greatest in winter and least in summer. The presence of photochemical smog in summer was not accompanied by an increase in mutagenicity. Peak mutagenicity of Rubidoux occurred during the early fall. At the reference site, San Nicolas Island, mutagenicity was significantly lower than that of the polluted sites. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hannigan, Michael P AU - Cass, Glen R AU - Lafleur, Arthur L AU - Busby, William F AU - Thilly, William G Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 428 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SMOG, PHOTOCHEMICAL KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - PARTICULATES KW - CALIFORNIA KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - SEASONAL COMPARISONS KW - MUTAGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14413361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Seasonal+and+Spatial+Variation+of+the+Bacterial+Mutagenicity+of+Fine+Organic+Aerosol+in+Southern+California&rft.au=Hannigan%2C+Michael+P%3BCass%2C+Glen+R%3BLafleur%2C+Arthur+L%3BBusby%2C+William+F%3BThilly%2C+William+G&rft.aulast=Hannigan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=428&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 32 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, AIR; CALIFORNIA; SMOG, PHOTOCHEMICAL; SEASONAL COMPARISONS; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; PARTICULATES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Agricultural Health Study AN - 14413322; 10518153 AB - Health risks from exposure to pesticides are investigated in a large cohort study that will eventually involve 75,000 participants. A description of the initial study in Iowa and North Carolina is provided, that includes more than 26,000 people of whom more than 19,000 are registered pesticide applicators and more than 6400 are spouses of farmers registered as pesticide applicators. Health risks to be investigated include cancer; and neurotoxicological, immunological, reproductive, respiratory, and renal effects; development and growth among children. Health effects in spouses and offspring of farmers from direct and indirect contact with pesticides will also be studied, as will past history of exposures, and lifestyle factors. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Alavanja, Michael CR AU - Sandler, Dale P AU - McMaster, Suzanne B AU - Zahm, Sheila Hoar AU - McDonnell, Cheryl J AU - Lynch, Charles R AU - Pennybacker, Margaret Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 362 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - NORTH CAROLINA KW - SURVEYS KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - IOWA KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14413322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Agricultural+Health+Study&rft.au=Alavanja%2C+Michael+CR%3BSandler%2C+Dale+P%3BMcMaster%2C+Suzanne+B%3BZahm%2C+Sheila+Hoar%3BMcDonnell%2C+Cheryl+J%3BLynch%2C+Charles+R%3BPennybacker%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Alavanja&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; IOWA; CANCER RISK; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; POPULATION SAMPLING; PUBLIC HEALTH; NORTH CAROLINA; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide Appliers, Biocides, and Birth Defects in Rural Minnesota AN - 14413209; 10518156 AB - Birth defects among nearly 5,000 offspring of registered pesticide applicators in Minnesota were compared to birth defects among the general population of the state from 1989 to 1992. Children of private applicators had significantly more birth defects than the general population. Regional differences were noted. More birth defects were found in the western part of the state where pesticides containing chlorophenoxy groups were used for both the general population and the pesticide applicator population. Spring conception was associated with an increase in birth defects in this part of Minnesota. Other regions did not show any significant seasonal differences. In addition the male to female ratio for birth defects was greater for pesticide applicators than for the general population. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Garry, Vincent F AU - Schreinemachers, Dina AU - Harkins, Mary E AU - Griffith, Jack Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 394 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - AREA COMPARISONS KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - SEASONAL COMPARISONS KW - MINNESOTA KW - BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14413209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticide+Appliers%2C+Biocides%2C+and+Birth+Defects+in+Rural+Minnesota&rft.au=Garry%2C+Vincent+F%3BSchreinemachers%2C+Dina%3BHarkins%2C+Mary+E%3BGriffith%2C+Jack&rft.aulast=Garry&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=394&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; AREA COMPARISONS; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; POPULATION SAMPLING; SEASONAL COMPARISONS; BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN; MINNESOTA; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vanishing Biodiversity AN - 14413171; 10518155 AB - Of the estimated 13 million species on earth, only about 10% have been studied and classified. Nevertheless, there is concern about loss of biodiversity, which includes species richness and diversity. The Endangered Species Act, which expired in 1992, and is under consideration for reauthorization, focuses on species richness without considering the consequences on species diversity. Yet threats to species may be from natural sources and protection of such species may prevent an ecosystem from progressing. Philosophical debates abound on the responsibility of humans to act as custodians of or to have dominion over other species. The effects of biodiversity loss on human health are from loss of medicinal substances, and creation of epidemics, such as hantavirus outbreaks. Loss of biodiversity also has economic effects, including job loss from overfishing or over harvesting of lumber. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Callahan, Joan R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 386 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENDANGERED SPECIES, PLANT KW - ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT 78 KW - BIODIVERSITY KW - SPECIES DIVERSITY KW - ENDANGERED SPECIES, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14413171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Vanishing+Biodiversity&rft.au=Callahan%2C+Joan+R&rft.aulast=Callahan&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=386&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENDANGERED SPECIES, PLANT; ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT 78; SPECIES DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; ENDANGERED SPECIES, ANIMAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synoptic Weather Modeling and Estimates of the Exposure-Response Relationship Between Daily Mortality and Particulate Air Pollution AN - 14413062; 10518158 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pope, CArden AU - Kalkstein, Laurence S Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 414 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, WEATHER KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - UTAH KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - MONITORING, WEATHER KW - PARTICULATES KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - SEASONAL COMPARISONS KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14413062?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Synoptic+Weather+Modeling+and+Estimates+of+the+Exposure-Response+Relationship+Between+Daily+Mortality+and+Particulate+Air+Pollution&rft.au=Pope%2C+CArden%3BKalkstein%2C+Laurence+S&rft.aulast=Pope&rft.aufirst=CArden&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=414&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MATHEMATIC MODELS, WEATHER; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; AIR POLLUTION; UTAH; PUBLIC HEALTH; MORTALITY PATTERNS; SEASONAL COMPARISONS; MONITORING, WEATHER; PARTICULATES; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ocean Commotion AN - 14412636; 10518154 AB - The effects on the oceans from overfishing, and from pollution of coastal waters by densely populated coastal cities are described. Fishery exploitation is encouraged by governments that subsidize the industry, resulting in fishing fleets that are too large for the number of fish left. Coral reef destruction as a fishing method has destroyed marine habitats, preventing the fish population from recovering. Increases in water temperature also destroy coral reefs. Destruction of coastal habitats that are used by many species for spawning affects the food chain of the coastal areas, as does nutrient overenrichment from agricultural runoff. Large tankers spill large quantities of oil, affecting size, development, and reproduction of fish. Destruction of fish species comes at a time when interest in the exotic chemicals they contain for pharmaceutical use is increasing. Federal and international efforts to reverse ocean destruction are briefly outlined. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tibbetts, John Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - Apr 1996 SP - 380 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - FISHERIES, SALTWATER KW - MARINE POLLUTION KW - REGULATIONS, INTERNATIONAL KW - OIL SPILLS KW - FOOD CHAINS KW - COASTAL ZONE DAMAGE KW - HABITAT, LOSS KW - REGULATIONS, FEDERAL KW - CORAL REEFS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14412636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ocean+Commotion&rft.au=Tibbetts%2C+John&rft.aulast=Tibbetts&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=380&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FISHERIES, SALTWATER; FOOD CHAINS; COASTAL ZONE DAMAGE; HABITAT, LOSS; MARINE POLLUTION; REGULATIONS, INTERNATIONAL; REGULATIONS, FEDERAL; CORAL REEFS; OIL SPILLS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A mutation in which alanine 128 Is replaced by aspartic acid abolishes dimerization of the b-subunit of the F0F1-ATPase from Escherichia coli. AN - 78036378; 8636135 AB - Site-directed mutagenesis was used to investigate the roles of a short series of hydrophobic amino acids in the b-subunit of the Escherichia coli F0F1-ATPase. A mutation affecting one of these, G131D, had been previously characterized and was found to interrupt assembly of the F0F1-ATPase (Jans, D. A., Hatch, L., Fimmel, A. L., Gibson, D., and Cox, G. B. (1985) J. Bacteriol. 162, 420-426). To extend this work, aspartic acid was substituted for each one of the residues from positions 124 to 132. The properties of mutants in this series are consistent with the region from Val124 to Gly131 forming an alpha-helix. Two of the mutations, V124D and A128D, resulted in a similar phenotype to the G131D mutation. This suggested that Val124, Ala128, and Gly131 form a helical face which may have a role in inter- or intrasubunit interactions. This was tested by overexpressing and purifying the cytoplasmic domains of the wild type and A128D mutant b-subunits. Sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation indicated that the wild type domain formed a dimer whereas the mutant was present as a monomer. JF - The Journal of biological chemistry AU - Howitt, S M AU - Rodgers, A J AU - Jeffrey, P D AU - Cox, G B AD - Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, GPO Box 334, Canberra City, ACT 2601 Australia. Y1 - 1996/03/22/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Mar 22 SP - 7038 EP - 7042 VL - 271 IS - 12 SN - 0021-9258, 0021-9258 KW - Biopolymers KW - 0 KW - Aspartic Acid KW - 30KYC7MIAI KW - Proton-Translocating ATPases KW - EC 3.6.3.14 KW - Alanine KW - OF5P57N2ZX KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenesis, Site-Directed KW - Aspartic Acid -- genetics KW - Proton-Translocating ATPases -- genetics KW - Alanine -- genetics KW - Escherichia coli -- enzymology KW - Proton-Translocating ATPases -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78036378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.atitle=A+mutation+in+which+alanine+128+Is+replaced+by+aspartic+acid+abolishes+dimerization+of+the+b-subunit+of+the+F0F1-ATPase+from+Escherichia+coli.&rft.au=Howitt%2C+S+M%3BRodgers%2C+A+J%3BJeffrey%2C+P+D%3BCox%2C+G+B&rft.aulast=Howitt&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-03-22&rft.volume=271&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=7038&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+biological+chemistry&rft.issn=00219258&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-09 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Oversight on the Montgomery GI Bill (Chapter 30). Hearing before the Subcommittee on Education, Training, Employment and Housing of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62679462; ED396174 AB - This congressional report contains the testimony, prepared statements, and supplementary materials presented at a hearing convened to review the Montgomery GI Bill and entertain suggestions regarding how to increase the buying power of veterans education benefits. The following are among the agencies and organizations whose representatives provided testimony at the hearing: University of Maryland; American University; Veterans Benefits Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs; Department of Defense; and Prince George's Community College. Among the topics discussed in the testimony and prepared statements are the following: recent increases in costs of education; the effectiveness of GI Bill benefits as a recruiting tool; possible ways of leveraging current GI Bill benefits; GI Bill provisions for military personnel participating in the Voluntary Separation Incentive and Special Separation Benefit programs; inservice educational program opportunities for military personnel in the process of separating from the military; efforts to advertise available GI Bill benefits; automation and data accuracy; and reserve use of nontraditional education. (MN) Y1 - 1996/03/07/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Mar 07 SP - 119 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160526833 KW - Congress 104th KW - G I Bill KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Educational Legislation KW - Educational Finance KW - Higher Education KW - Public Policy KW - Educational Needs KW - Veterans KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Federal Legislation KW - Policy Formation KW - Community Colleges KW - Veterans Education KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62679462?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-14. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - To Disapprove the Certification of the President under Section 490(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 regarding Foreign Assistance for Mexico during Fiscal Year 1996 AN - 1679101454; MD01385 AB - Disapproves of President Clinton's decision to certify Mexico for counternarcotics cooperation. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1996 SP - 2 KW - Drug certification KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Clinton, William J. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679101454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=To+Disapprove+the+Certification+of+the+President+under+Section+490%28b%29+of+the+Foreign+Assistance+Act+of+1961+regarding+Foreign+Assistance+for+Mexico+during+Fiscal+Year+1996&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-03-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Resolution N1 - People - Clinton, William J. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prescription privileges for psychologists. AN - 78467970; 8881531 AB - As the profession of psychology has matured, serious interest has surfaced over the past decade in obtaining prescription privileges within the practitioner community. Other nonphysician disciplines have exercised this clinical responsibility for years, significantly improving their ability to comprehensively serve current and new populations. Efforts are underway to develop appropriate and viable training modules. The primary objection expressed by medicine is once again that our practitioners will become "public health hazards." Not surprisingly, resistance to change exists within psychology's training programs. However, the power to prescribe represents the authority to ensure that psychotropic medications are appropriately utilized, if used at all, and will ensure that psychology's practitioners can address society's pressing needs. JF - The American psychologist AU - DeLeon, P H AU - Wiggins, J G AD - c/o Senator Daniel K. Inouye, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC 20510, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 225 EP - 229 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0003-066X, 0003-066X KW - Psychotropic Drugs KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Patient Care Team -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - Quality Assurance, Health Care -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Forecasting KW - Psychotherapy -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Psychotherapy -- education KW - Psychology, Clinical -- education KW - Mental Disorders -- drug therapy KW - Psychotropic Drugs -- therapeutic use KW - Psychology, Clinical -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Psychotropic Drugs -- adverse effects KW - Drug Prescriptions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78467970?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+psychologist&rft.atitle=Prescription+privileges+for+psychologists.&rft.au=DeLeon%2C+P+H%3BWiggins%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=DeLeon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+psychologist&rft.issn=0003066X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Racial and Ethnic Classifications Used by Public Schools. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62683536; ED397191 AB - A survey was conducted to determine by what methods schools classify students' race and ethnicity, the categories they use, and how they report the information to the federal government. The survey was conducted through the Fast Response Survey System, a system designed for small amounts of data and rapid surveys. Brief questionnaires were sent to a nationally representative sample of public elementary and secondary schools. Responses were received from 926 school personnel. About half of the sampled schools collected data on student race and ethnicity only at initial registration. One-quarter of schools collected such information on an annual basis. Forty-one percent of schools reported that there are students in their schools for whom the standard five federal categories (American Indian or Alaskan Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Black, Hispanic, and White) were not adequate, but more schools (73%) used only these categories. Only 5% of schools used a general "multiracial" category. Schools typically ask parents or guardians to identify the student's classification. Appendix A discusses survey methodology and data. Appendix B contains tables of standard errors, and Appendix C is the survey form. (Contains three figures, six tables, and seven appendix tables.) (SLD) AU - Carey, Nancy AU - Farris, Elizabeth Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 45 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-96-092 KW - Fast Response Survey System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Ethnicity KW - Blacks KW - Student Characteristics KW - Information Dissemination KW - Surveys KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Racial Differences KW - American Indians KW - Whites KW - Public Schools KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Classification KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Racial Composition KW - Asian Americans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62683536?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - NCES Project Officer: Judi Carpenter. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Library Structure and Organization in the United States. Technical Report. AN - 62670546; ED393466 AB - This report is the fifth in a series that constitutes a comprehensive evaluation of the public library statistics program carried out annually by the Federal State Cooperative System for Public Library Data (FSCS). The evaluation aims to revise and promote the FSCS classification structure that divides library organizations into municipal, school district, county, regional, and many other categories. This report, in particular, provides reference information about the legal structure and organization of public libraries within the 50 states and the District of Columbia. After giving an overview of the FSCS categories and difficulties arising from a lack of standardized application, the report proceeds alphabetically state by state listing what categories of libraries can lawfully be established in that state and discussing any special circumstances. (BEW) AU - Owens, Stephen AU - Kindel, Carrol Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 48 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160531926 KW - Legal Status KW - Organizational Structure KW - Standardization KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Library Statistics KW - Classification KW - Evaluation Research KW - Public Libraries KW - Federal State Relationship KW - State Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62670546?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Libraries and Community-Based Education: Making the Connection for Lifelong Learning. [Volume 1.] Summary of the Proceedings of a Conference Sponsored by the National Institute on Postsecondary Education, Libraries, and Lifelong Learning (Washington, D.C., April 12-13, 1995). AN - 62669537; ED393469 AB - This document summarizes the activities of a 2-day conference (April 12-13, 1995) during which educators heard eight papers and discussed federal research priorities in the areas of libraries, community-based education, and lifelong learning. Libraries, museums, agricultural extension services, religious organizations, health care organizations, public television, and non-profit civic groups were all represented. The summary outlines themes that emerged from the discussion, including: (1) establishing definitions of "community-based education" and "lifelong learning"; (2) access to and participation in lifelong learning activities; (3) access to and use of technology among community-based education providers and lifelong learners; (4) effectiveness of community-based education programs; (5) collaborative efforts among community-based education providers; and (6) professional development for community-based educators. The discussion of these themes is interspersed with brief quotes from the papers. Appendixes provide a list of participants, a conference agenda, summaries of the papers, and biographical sketches of the commissioned authors. A page of errata includes 17 participants originally omitted from Appendix A. (BEW) AU - Humes, Barbara A. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 53 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048555X KW - Technology Utilization KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community Education KW - Adult Learning KW - Lifelong Learning KW - Extension Education KW - Public Libraries KW - Access to Computers KW - Library Services KW - Institutional Cooperation KW - Library Role KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62669537?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the eight commissioned papers, see ED 385 252. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Projections of Education Statistics to 2006. Twenty-Fifth Edition. AN - 62571429; ED399278 AB - This edition is the 25th report in a series that began in 1964. It revises the previous edition and includes statistics on elementary and secondary schools and institutions of higher education at the national level. Included are projections for enrollment, graduates, classroom teachers, and expenditures to the year 2006. Projections are also included for elementary and secondary enrollment and high school graduates to the year 2006 for public schools at the state level. Projections in this report reflect the 1990 Census and 1994 estimates and recent assumptions about the fertility rate, net immigration, and mortality rate. A methodology section describes models and assumptions used to develop the national projections, including age-specific models, exponential smoothing models, and econometric models. Most of the projections include three alternatives, based on different assumptions about growth. The first set of alternatives is designed to represent the most likely projections, but the high and low estimates provide a reasonable range of outcomes. Among the notable projections is that total public and private elementary enrollment is projected to increase over the period, with enrollment increases in elementary, secondary, and higher education. Four technical appendixes provide information about projection methodology, supplementary tables, data sources, and a glossary. (Contains 1 chart, 70 figures, 52 tables, 27 tables in Appendix A, and 12 tables in Appendix B.) (Author/SLD) AU - Hussar, William J. AU - Gerald, Debra E. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 223 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-96-661 KW - Smoothing Methods KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Prediction KW - High School Graduates KW - Mathematical Models KW - Research Methodology KW - Birth Rate KW - Immigrants KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - Enrollment Projections KW - Public Schools KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Teachers KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62571429?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Errata sheets for tables 45-48 are appended. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - EMS Instructor Training Program. National Standard Curriculum. Instructor Guide. Student Guide. AN - 62432710; ED425307 AB - This guide for teaching a course to prepare emergency medical service (EMS) trainers focuses on the skills necessary to present any of the Department of Transportation (DOT), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) EMS courses. Course topics are as follows: (1) introduction; (2) instructor roles and responsibilities; (3) legal issues; (4) the adult learner; (5) creating an effective learning environment; (6) objectives; (7) evaluation; (8) instructional strategies and methods; (9) media; and (10) lesson plan development. The instructor guide includes course goals and course topics. It is organized in a two-page format, side-by-side, in which the left page contains instructor notes and a lesson plan outline, and the right page provides additional information on the topics. Transparencies also are included in the lessons. A set of 10 sample lessons to be taught also is included. Four appendixes contain the following: (1) complete instructions for the instructor and materials to be distributed; (2) references; (3) information resources; and (4) current curriculum titles and order information available from DOT/NHTSA. A student guide contains similar materials for student use. (KC) Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 1384 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485851 KW - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Students KW - Teachers KW - Course Content KW - Workplace Literacy KW - On the Job Training KW - Emergency Medical Technicians KW - National Standards KW - Occupational Information KW - Inservice Teacher Education KW - Teaching Guides KW - Learning Activities KW - Training Methods KW - Medical Services KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62432710?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contraceptive Failure in Matlab, Bangladesh AN - 61583090; 199600178 AB - Draws on interviews to examine the frequency & cause of contraceptive failure among married women in Matlab, Bangladesh (N = 2,856). Compared to a 38% birth rate among women using no form of contraception, the results evidenced higher than expected contraceptive failure rates: injectable (1%), intrauterine device ([IUD] 3%), & the pill (15%). Whereas the IUD failure rate peaked after 24 months of use, the risk for those using the pill was highest during the first 12-18 months. It is argued that the high failure rates of nonpermanent forms of contraception (except the injectable) can be directly linked to the below-average performance of community health care workers. The results also suggest that 25% of all pregnancies in Bangladesh are unintentional, & that health care intervention is required at the early stages of usage, especially for young couples, in order to ensure success. Further, it is concluded that improved training methods for family planning programs will lessen the frequency of unwanted pragnancies during contraceptive use. 3 Tables, 24 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Family Planning Perspectives AU - Bairagi, Radheshyam AU - Rahman, Mizanur AD - Population Studies Centre International Centre Diarrhoeal Disease Research, GPO Box 128 Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 21 EP - 25 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0190-3187, 0190-3187 KW - contraceptive failure frequency/causes, married women, Matlab, Bangladesh KW - interviews KW - Wives KW - Birth Control KW - Females KW - Bangladesh KW - Pregnancy KW - article KW - 8380: social development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61583090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Family+Planning+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Contraceptive+Failure+in+Matlab%2C+Bangladesh&rft.au=Bairagi%2C+Radheshyam%3BRahman%2C+Mizanur&rft.aulast=Bairagi&rft.aufirst=Radheshyam&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Family+Planning+Perspectives&rft.issn=01903187&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Birth Control; Bangladesh; Wives; Females; Pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Awareness, Preparedness and Adjustment Measures of River-Bank Erosion-Prone People: A Case Study AN - 61504879; 9615911 AB - In Bangladesh, people prone to the effects of riverbank erosion are well aware of the hazard, but see it as an unavoidable evil. Communities' lack of success in combating erosion can be attributed to their poverty & inability to mitigate its effects. Households in safer areas have reduced their dependency on agriculture & developed more scope for nonfarm activities; however, this is often difficult given the limited development of local enterprise. In an exploratory case study of the Hizla thana in the Barisal district, it is concluded that the major parameters that influence adjustment after erosion are the education, skills, occupation, & financial state of those affected. The most vulnerable are households dependent on agriculture, for whom resettlement to distant urban areas is not an option. 14 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Disasters AU - Mamun, Muhammad Z AD - Mail Box No. 711 GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501 Thailand Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 68 EP - 74 VL - 20 IS - 1 SN - 0361-3666, 0361-3666 KW - riverbank erosion hazard, community adjustment, Bangladesh KW - case study KW - Hizla thana, Barisal district KW - Hazards KW - Agricultural Production KW - Soil Conservation KW - Poverty KW - Disaster Preparedness KW - Bangladesh KW - article KW - 2681: environmental interactions; disaster studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61504879?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Disasters&rft.atitle=Awareness%2C+Preparedness+and+Adjustment+Measures+of+River-Bank+Erosion-Prone+People%3A+A+Case+Study&rft.au=Mamun%2C+Muhammad+Z&rft.aulast=Mamun&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Disasters&rft.issn=03613666&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - DISADE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil Conservation; Hazards; Disaster Preparedness; Bangladesh; Agricultural Production; Poverty ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Fragmented City: Durban, South Africa AN - 61421710; 9609140 AB - In Durban, South Africa's second largest metropolitan area, residents live in an urban environment of fragmentation, violence, & class & racial stratification that has not disappeared with the removal of apartheid & that now guides emerging struggles. Apartheid policies have resulted in a divided city of five components: death, survival, hope, entitlement, & superfluity. Although not necessarily spatially separate, people within each of these city components see the others as a threat. There is no coordinated city systems, no coherent development plan, & no sense of unity of purpose or interdependence. Implications from the vote, the new constitution, & emerging democracy, eg, systems of taxation & equal protection, are interesting challenges. Much depends on the vision & commitment of people to be elected in the first local government elections in Nov 1995 & their development of a whole new way of thinking about cities. 4 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - International Social Science Journal AU - Sutcliffe, Michael AD - Standing Committee Local Government African National Congress, PO Box 2303 Durban 4000 Republic South Africa Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 67 EP - 72 VL - 48 SN - 0020-8701, 0020-8701 KW - Durban, South Africa, fragmented city, postapartheid thinking KW - Cities KW - Urban Development KW - Urbanization KW - Urban Areas KW - City Planning KW - Local Politics KW - South Africa KW - Metropolitan Areas KW - article KW - 1218: urban sociology; urban sociology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61421710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Social+Science+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Fragmented+City%3A+Durban%2C+South+Africa&rft.au=Sutcliffe%2C+Michael&rft.aulast=Sutcliffe&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Social+Science+Journal&rft.issn=00208701&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - ISSJAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cities; Urbanization; South Africa; City Planning; Urban Development; Metropolitan Areas; Local Politics; Urban Areas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Government support for geologic research faces an uncertain future AN - 51609242; 2006-028486 JF - Geotimes AU - Craig, Larry E Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 29 EP - 32 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - United States KW - geology KW - programs KW - funding KW - future KW - policy KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51609242?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Government+support+for+geologic+research+faces+an+uncertain+future&rft.au=Craig%2C+Larry+E&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=Larry&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - funding; future; geology; policy; programs; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surveying the Survey; a view from Capitol Hill AN - 51606046; 2006-028485 JF - Geotimes AU - Regula, Ralph Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 27 EP - 28 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - United States KW - programs KW - survey organizations KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - government agencies KW - policy KW - research KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51606046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Surveying+the+Survey%3B+a+view+from+Capitol+Hill&rft.au=Regula%2C+Ralph&rft.aulast=Regula&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government agencies; policy; programs; research; survey organizations; U. S. Geological Survey; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Directions for defense: report of the Commission on Roles and Missions of the Armed Forces AN - 38869141; 1519206 JF - Public administration review AU - Mumford, Jay C AU - Mumford, Jay C Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 219 EP - 220 PB - Government Printing Office VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0033-3352, 0033-3352 KW - Political Science KW - Public administration KW - Defence policy KW - U.S.A. KW - Armed forces UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38869141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Public+administration+review&rft.atitle=Directions+for+defense%3A+report+of+the+Commission+on+Roles+and+Missions+of+the+Armed+Forces&rft.au=Mumford%2C+Jay+C&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+administration+review&rft.issn=00333352&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 10424 567; 3349 5574 10472; 1262 8050; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Report and recommendations AN - 38848372; 1511433 JF - Challenge AU - Dunlop, John T AU - Sharpe, M E AU - Sharpe, M E Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 65 EP - 68 PB - Government Printing Office SN - 0577-5132, 0577-5132 KW - Economics KW - Labour relations KW - Workers' representation KW - Workers' rights KW - U.S.A. KW - Trade unions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38848372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Challenge&rft.atitle=Report+and+recommendations&rft.au=Dunlop%2C+John+T%3BSharpe%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=Dunlop&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Challenge&rft.issn=05775132&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 7174 3993 6093; 12858 1353 9030; 13702 7174 3993 6093; 13703 6103 11032 9705; 433 293 14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology of chlorofluorocarbon replacements. AN - 21270421; 11701730 AB - Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are stable in the atmosphere and may reach the stratosphere. They are cleaved by UV-radiation in the stratosphere to yield chlorine radicals, which are thought to interfere with the catalytic cycle of ozone formation and destruction and deplete stratospheric ozone concentrations. Due to potential adverse health effects of ozone depletion, chlorofluorocarbon replacements with much lower or absent ozone depleting potential are developed. The toxicology of these compounds that represent chlorofluorohydrocarbons (HCFCs) or fluorohydrocarbons (HFCs) has been intensively studied. All compounds investigated (1, 1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane [HCFC-141b], 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane [HFC-134a], pentafluoroethane [HFC-125], 1-chloro- 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane [HCFC-124], and 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane [HCFC-123]) show only a low potential for skin and eye irritation. Chronic adverse effects on the liver (HCFC-123) and the testes (HCFC-141b and HCFC-134a), including tumor formation, were observed in long-term inhalation studies in rodents using very high concentrations of these CFC replacements. All CFC replacements are, to varying extents, biotransformed in the organism, mainly by cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidation of C-H bonds. The formed acyl halides are hydrolyzed to give excretable carboxylic acids; halogenated aldehydes that are formed may be further oxidized to halogenated carboxylic acids or reduced to halogenated alcohols, which are excretory metabolites in urine from rodents exposed experimentally to CFC replacements. The chronic toxicity of the CFC replacements studied is unlikely to be of relevance for humans exposed during production and application of CFC replacements. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dekant, W AD - Department of Toxicology, University of Wurzburg, Germany., dekant@toxi.uni-wuerzbur.de Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 75 EP - 83 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - halides KW - Testes KW - Inhalation KW - Eye KW - Chlorine KW - tumors KW - Metabolites KW - Atmosphere KW - Chlorofluorocarbons KW - Chronic toxicity KW - alcohols KW - carboxylic acids KW - Toxicology KW - Ozone KW - Alcohol KW - Skin KW - Toxicity KW - Tumors KW - Stratosphere KW - Irritation KW - Cytochrome KW - Urine KW - Oxidation KW - Carboxylic acids KW - Liver KW - Aldehydes KW - rodents KW - Side effects KW - Radicals KW - X 24380:Social Poisons & Drug Abuse KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Toxicology+of+chlorofluorocarbon+replacements.&rft.au=Dekant%2C+W&rft.aulast=Dekant&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Inhalation; Testes; Skin; Eye; Chlorine; Metabolites; Tumors; Atmosphere; Stratosphere; Irritation; Chlorofluorocarbons; Urine; Chronic toxicity; Oxidation; Liver; carboxylic acids; alcohols; Aldehydes; Side effects; Radicals; Ozone; halides; Alcohol; tumors; Toxicity; Cytochrome; Carboxylic acids; rodents; Toxicology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unraveling the chronic toxicity of lead: an essential priority for environmental health. AN - 21262146; 11701733 AB - Although population exposure to lead has declined, chronic lead toxicity remains a major public health problem in the United States affecting millions of children and adults. Important gaps exist in knowledge of the pathophysiology of chronic lead intoxication. These gaps have impeded development of control strategies. To close current gaps in knowledge of chronic lead toxicity, we propose an integrated, multidisciplinary, marker-based research program. This program combines a) direct measurement of individual lead burden by 109Cd X-ray fluorescence analysis of lead in bone, b) determination of ALA-D phenotype, an index of individual susceptibility to lead, and c) assessments of subclinical injury produced by lead in the kidneys, nervous system and, reproductive organs. Data from this research will provide answers to questions of great public health importance: a) Are current environmental and occupational standards adequate to prevent chronic lead intoxication? b) is lead mobilized from the skeleton during pregnancy or lactation to cause fetal toxicity? c) Is lead mobilized from bone during menopause to cause neurotoxicity? d) What is the significance of genetic variation in determining susceptibility to lead? e) What is the contribution of lead to hypertension, renal disease, chronic neurodegenerative disease or declining sperm counts? f) Is chelation therapy effective in reducing body lead burden in persons with chronic overexposure to lead? JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Todd, A C AU - Wetmur, J G AU - Moline, J M AU - Godbold, J H AU - Levin, S M AU - Landrigan, P J AD - Environmental Health Sciences Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Intoxication KW - Injuries KW - Chelation KW - menopause KW - Environmental health KW - Genetic diversity KW - Sperm KW - Lead KW - Public health KW - intoxication KW - Nervous system KW - Chronic toxicity KW - Data processing KW - Fluorescence KW - Kidney diseases KW - genetic diversity KW - Toxicity KW - Children KW - Organs KW - Fetuses KW - Lactation KW - Pregnancy KW - Bone KW - Neurodegenerative diseases KW - USA KW - Ionizing radiation KW - hypertension KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Kidney KW - Reproductive organs KW - Research programs KW - Menopause KW - Hypertension KW - Skeleton KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Unraveling+the+chronic+toxicity+of+lead%3A+an+essential+priority+for+environmental+health.&rft.au=Todd%2C+A+C%3BWetmur%2C+J+G%3BMoline%2C+J+M%3BGodbold%2C+J+H%3BLevin%2C+S+M%3BLandrigan%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Todd&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Intoxication; Injuries; Chelation; Genetic diversity; Sperm; Lead; Public health; Nervous system; Chronic toxicity; Fluorescence; Data processing; Kidney diseases; Children; Fetuses; Pregnancy; Lactation; Bone; Neurodegenerative diseases; Ionizing radiation; Neurotoxicity; Reproductive organs; Menopause; Research programs; Skeleton; Hypertension; menopause; Environmental health; genetic diversity; Toxicity; Organs; intoxication; hypertension; Kidney; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The road to embryologically based dose-response models. AN - 21259035; 11703635 AB - The goal of researchers working in the area of developmental toxicology is to prevent adverse reproductive outcomes (early pregnancy loss, birth defects, reduced birth weight, and altered functional development) in humans due to exposures to environmental contaminants, therapeutic drugs, and other factors. To best achieve that goal, it is important that relevant information be gathered and assimilated in the risk assessment process. One of the major challenges of improved risk assessment is to better use all pertinent biological and mechanistic information. This may be done qualitatively (e.g., demonstrating that the experimental model is not appropriate for extrapolation purposes); semiquantitatively (using information to reduce the degree of uncertainty present under default extrapolation procedures), or quantitatively (formally describing the relationships between exposure and adverse outcome in mathematical forms, including components that directly reflect individual steps in the overall progression of toxicity). In this paper we review the recent advances in the risk assessment process for developmental toxicants and hypothesize on future directions that may revolutionize our thinking in this area. The road to these changes sometimes appears to be a well-mapped course on a relatively smooth surface; at other times the path is bumpy and obscure, while at still other times it is only a wish in the eye of the engineer to cross an uncharted and rugged environment. Images Figure 11. A Figure 11. B JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Setzer, R W AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA., kavlock@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 107 EP - 121 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Toxicants KW - Eye KW - Reviews KW - Dose-response effects KW - Congenital defects KW - birth weight KW - Toxicity KW - Drugs KW - Toxicology KW - Pregnancy KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+road+to+embryologically+based+dose-response+models.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Eye; Toxicants; Dose-response effects; Reviews; birth weight; Congenital defects; Toxicity; Drugs; Toxicology; Pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarker research in neurotoxicology: the role of mechanistic studies to bridge the gap between the laboratory and epidemiological investigations. AN - 21253467; 11701731 AB - There is an increasing interest in the development and validation of biomarkers for use in biochemical/molecular epidemiological studies. Though the area of neurotoxicology has received much attention in the past several years, it still lags behind with regard to the development of biomarkers, particularly those of health effects and susceptibility. This review discusses several aspects of biomarker research as it relates to neurotoxic compounds and focuses on selected agents (organophosphorus insecticides, styrene, n-hexane, carbon disulfide, acrylamide), which have been the subject of a number of investigations in animals and humans. While traditional biomonitoring approaches and novel techniques (e.g., hemoglobin adducts) provide several measurements for monitoring exposure to neurotoxic chemicals, potential markers of genetic susceptibility have been seldom investigated in a neurotoxicology context. Furthermore, the complexity of the nervous system, together with the multiplicity of end points and the limited knowledge of the exact mechanism(s) of action of neurotoxicants, has led to only limited advancements in the development of biomarkers for neurotoxic effects. Significant progress in this area will depend upon an increased understanding of the cellular, biochemical, and molecular targets directly involved in neurotoxicity. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Costa, L G AD - Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98105, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 55 EP - 67 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Chemicals KW - Styrene KW - Organophosphorus compounds KW - Biochemistry KW - Adducts KW - biomarkers KW - Hemoglobin KW - Carbon disulfide KW - Nervous system KW - Acrylamide KW - Insecticides KW - Reviews KW - Neurotoxicity KW - biomonitoring KW - n-Hexane KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biomarker+research+in+neurotoxicology%3A+the+role+of+mechanistic+studies+to+bridge+the+gap+between+the+laboratory+and+epidemiological+investigations.&rft.au=Costa%2C+L+G&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon disulfide; Styrene; Hemoglobin; Nervous system; Insecticides; Acrylamide; Adducts; Neurotoxicity; biomonitoring; biomarkers; n-Hexane; Chemicals; Bioindicators; Organophosphorus compounds; Biochemistry; Reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish models for environmental carcinogenesis: the rainbow trout. AN - 21252451; 11701732 AB - Progress over the past 30 years has revealed many strengths of the rainbow trout as an alternative model for environmental carcinogenesis research. These include low rearing costs, an early life-stage ultrasensitive bioassay, sensitivity to many classes of carcinogen, a well-described tumor pathology, responsiveness to tumor promoters and inhibitors, and a mechanistically informative nonmammalian comparative status. Low-cost husbandry, for example, has permitted statistically challenging tumor study designs with up to 10,000 trout to investigate the quantitative interrelationships among carcinogen dose, anticarcinogen dose, DNA adduct formation, and final tumor outcome. The basic elements of the trout carcinogen bioassay include multiple exposure routes, carcinogen response, husbandry requirements, and pathology. The principal known neoplasms occur in liver (mixed hepatocellular/cholangiocellular adenoma and carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma), kidney (nephroblastoma), swim bladder (adenopapilloma), and stomach (adenopapilloma). Trout possess a complex but incompletely characterized array of cytochromes P450, transferases, and other enzymic systems for phase I and phase II procarcinogen metabolism. In general, trout exhibit only limited capacity for DNA repair, especially for removal of bulky DNA adducts. This factor, together with a high capacity for P450 bioactivation and negligible glutathione transferase-mediated detoxication of the epoxide, accounts for the exceptional sensitivity of trout to aflatoxin B1 carcinogenesis. At the gene level, all trout tumors except nephroblastoma exhibit variable and often high incidences of oncogenic Ki-ras gene mutations. Mutations in the trout p53 tumor suppressor gene have yet to be described. There are many aspects of the trout model, especially the lack of complete organ homology, that limit its application as a surrogate for human cancer research. Within these limitations, however, it is apparent that trout and other fish models can serve as highly useful adjuncts to conventional rodent models in the study of environmental carcinogenesis and its modulation. For some problems, fish models can provide wholly unique approaches. Images Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bailey, G S AU - Williams, D E AU - Hendricks, J D AD - Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA., baileyg@bcc.orst.edu Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 5 EP - 21 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Pathology KW - tumors KW - Carcinogens KW - urinary bladder KW - Promoters KW - Fish culture KW - Sensitivity KW - Mutations KW - Aflatoxins KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss KW - Organs KW - Cancer KW - Cytochrome KW - Bioassays KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Kidney KW - Liver KW - DNA KW - Fish KW - Mutation KW - Tumours KW - rodents KW - Metabolism KW - Q5 08501:General KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - Q3 08587:Diseases of Cultured Organisms KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21252451?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Fish+models+for+environmental+carcinogenesis%3A+the+rainbow+trout.&rft.au=Bailey%2C+G+S%3BWilliams%2C+D+E%3BHendricks%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Promoters; Bioassays; Pathology; Mutations; Carcinogenesis; DNA; Carcinogens; Tumours; Fish culture; Sensitivity; Aflatoxins; tumors; Organs; Cancer; urinary bladder; Cytochrome; Liver; Kidney; Fish; Mutation; Metabolism; rodents; Oncorhynchus mykiss ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the factors relating combined sewer overflows with sediment contamination of the lower Passaic River AN - 17067185; 3887690 AB - The relationship between combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and sediment contamination of the lower Passaic River in New Jersey was evaluated to identify the nature of toxic chemical inputs to the river, estimate the magnitude of CSO inputs to other sources and assess the potential overall impact on sediment quality. Of the estimated 5000 facilities that discharge industrial effluent to the combined sewerage system along the Passaic River, approximately 400 facilities hold National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits. Seventy-eight permitted facilities, representing 14 major industrial classes with discharges exceeding 190 000 l day super(-1), were identified within 33 CSO districts that are below the Second River and serviced by the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commission. A wide range of toxic chemicals, including heavy metals, pesticides, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were found to be associated with numerous industries located within the CSO districts. Many of these chemicals have been measured in CSO discharges to the river during wet weather flow events and have also been measured in river sediments. The magnitude of the CSO discharges (billions of litres per year) to the lower Passaic River, combined with the nature of the chemicals used and discharged to the system by industrial sources, indicates that CSOs represent an historic and ongoing source of toxic pollutants to the river. While the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recently developed an aggressive programme for reducing the impact of CSOs on the nation's waters, it will likely be many years before the benefits of this programme are realized, particularly in areas with antiquated sewer systems such as those within the Passaic River basin. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Shear, N M AU - Schmidt, C W AU - Huntley, S L AU - Crawford, D W AU - Finley, B L AD - Div. McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 288 EP - 304 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - brackishwater pollution KW - combined sewer overflows KW - overflow KW - pollution control KW - pollution effects KW - sediment pollution KW - sewage KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - USA, New Jersey, Passaic R. KW - Freshwater KW - industrial wastes KW - ANW, USA, New Jersey, Passaic Estuary KW - sediments KW - Brackish KW - sanitary engineering KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17067185?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+factors+relating+combined+sewer+overflows+with+sediment+contamination+of+the+lower+Passaic+River&rft.au=Shear%2C+N+M%3BSchmidt%2C+C+W%3BHuntley%2C+S+L%3BCrawford%2C+D+W%3BFinley%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Shear&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; sewage; brackishwater pollution; overflow; sediments; sediment pollution; pollution effects; sanitary engineering; pollution control; combined sewer overflows; water pollution sources; USA, New Jersey, Passaic R.; ANW, USA, New Jersey, Passaic Estuary; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of hook size on the size-specific selectivity of hottentot Pachymetopon blochii (Val.) and on yield per recruit AN - 16533661; 4408663 AB - A model for the relationship between hook size and length distribution of catches for a line fishery was applied to experimental data for hottentot Pachymetopon blochii. Hook size influenced the length frequency of catches. The selectivity function was modelled to an adequate approximation by a gamma distribution. Exploitation rates at various fishing centres off the Western Cape, South Africa, were investigated in the context of an observed variation in the mean mass of the individual fish caught. When allowance was made for the various hook sizes used at different locations, only the resource at Gans Bay appeared to be overexploited in yield-per-recruit terms. If hook size affects the length distribution of the catch, it is important to incorporate this aspect into assessments of resource status. JF - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir AU - Punt, A E AU - Pulfrich, A AU - Butterworth, D S AU - Penney, A J AD - Div. Mar. Res., CSIRO Mar. Labs., G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 155 EP - 172 VL - 17 SN - 0257-7615, 0257-7615 KW - length frequency KW - models KW - size distribution KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Fishing gear KW - PSW, South Africa, Western Cape KW - Yield KW - Catch composition KW - PSW, Namibia KW - Hooks KW - Gear selectivity KW - Line fishing KW - Size distribution KW - Pachymetopon blochii KW - D 04700:Management KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - O 5090:Instruments/Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16533661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+hook+size+on+the+size-specific+selectivity+of+hottentot+Pachymetopon+blochii+%28Val.%29+and+on+yield+per+recruit&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BPulfrich%2C+A%3BButterworth%2C+D+S%3BPenney%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catch composition; Yield; Hooks; Fishing gear; Gear selectivity; Line fishing; Size distribution; Pachymetopon blochii; PSW, Namibia; PSW, South Africa, Western Cape; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coastal zone management: the Australian experience AN - 16338086; 4285794 AB - Coastal zone management is a topic of intense interest in Australia and has been the subject of a number of major government reviews over the last few years. The most recent is the State of the Marine Environment Report for Australia (SOMER). Overall it found that the condition of Australia's oceans is pretty good. However there are problems, including: 1) Declining marine and coastal water/sediment quality, particularly as a result of inappropriate catchment land use practices; 2) Loss of marine and coastal habitat; 3) Unsustainable use of marine and coastal resources; 4) Lack of marine science policy and long-term research and monitoring of the marine environment; and, 5) Lack of strategic, integrated planning in the marine and coastal environments. Ecologically sustainable development is the fundamental principle to natural resource management in Australia. A series of government initiatives are in place, or are planned, to guide the sustainable use and management of Australia's marine resources. An Australian Marine Conservation Plan is currently being developed and the Commonwealth Coastal Policy, adopted by the Australian Government in May 1995, provides a clear statement of the Australian Government's position on coastal management matters by adoption of common objectives and guiding principles and through implementation of the following initiatives to improve management of the coastal zone: 1) promotion of an integrated strategic planning approach; 2) Increasing the capacity and knowledge of coastal managers; and, 3) Promotion of community participation in coastal management. Management of Australia's Commonwealth fisheries resources is the responsibility of the recently established organisation, the Australian Fisheries Management Authority (AFMA). This marks a new era in fisheries management by involving the fishing industry, scientists and government directly in the process. Fisheries management costs are now 100% recoverable from each fishery and this has led to vast improvements in cost effectiveness a management procedures. To achieve sustainable management of the fisheries, AFMA has adopted biological reference points as the basis of setting Total Allowable Catches (TACs). AFMA is also working to resolve the jurisdictional issues with the States and Territories Governments which have plagued fisheries research and management in the past. JF - Biol. Mar. Mediterr. AU - Philips, B F AU - Ilett, A AD - School of Environmental Biology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box 1987 Pert 6001, Australia Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 159 EP - 166 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1123-4245, 1123-4245 KW - environment management KW - environmental protection KW - fishery management KW - fishery resources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Fishery management KW - Marine environment KW - Australia Coasts KW - Environment management KW - Fishery resources KW - Environmental protection KW - Coastal zone management KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16338086?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biol.+Mar.+Mediterr.&rft.atitle=Coastal+zone+management%3A+the+Australian+experience&rft.au=Philips%2C+B+F%3BIlett%2C+A&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biol.+Mar.+Mediterr.&rft.issn=11234245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Includes three maps. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fishery management; Marine environment; Environment management; Environmental protection; Fishery resources; Coastal zone management; Australia Coasts; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional and local patterns in the spatial distribution of the flower-infecting smut fungus Sporisorium amphilophis in natural populations of its host Bothriochloa macra AN - 15775014; 3988958 AB - Regional variation in the incidence of the systemic floral-smut fungus Sporisorium amphilophis (Syd.) Langdon & Fullerton on the perennial grass Bothriochloa macra (Steud.) S. T. Blake was investigated through three surveys over a 12 yr period (1981-93). In all three surveys a marked north-south trend in percentage of infection was detected with a greater proportion of plants in northerly populations being infected than in populations located to the south. The incidence of disease in populations was negatively correlated with the frequency of days with temperatures < 0 degree C in winter. Detailed exploration of local variation in a subset of five populations showed that the incidence of S. amphilophis was density-dependent and was greater in the edge areas of host populations than in the less disturbed core areas. Smut prevented seed production and negatively affected different aspects of the morphology of the plants, such as the height and basal diameter. Infection also significantly increased the number of inflorescences per plant. These field results were complemented by glasshouse-based competition experiments which indicated that, despite causing reductions in size, S. amphilophis only affected the competitive ability of infected plants grown under sub-optimal conditions. The results of this study indicate that an interplay between physical and biotic aspects of the environment determines regional and local levels of disease. JF - New Phytologist AU - Garcia-Guzman, G AU - Burdon, J J AU - Ash, JE AU - Cunningham, R B AD - Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Division of Plant Industry, CSIRO, GPO Box 1600, Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 459 EP - 469 VL - 132 IS - 3 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - Bothriochloa macra KW - Sporisorium amphilophis KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - geographical variations KW - density dependence KW - infectivity KW - plant diseases KW - A 01028:Others KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - D 04623:Fungi KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15775014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=Regional+and+local+patterns+in+the+spatial+distribution+of+the+flower-infecting+smut+fungus+Sporisorium+amphilophis+in+natural+populations+of+its+host+Bothriochloa+macra&rft.au=Garcia-Guzman%2C+G%3BBurdon%2C+J+J%3BAsh%2C+JE%3BCunningham%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Garcia-Guzman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - plant diseases; infectivity; density dependence; geographical variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of Lead Levels in Children Living near a Los Angeles County Battery Recycling Facility AN - 14411594; 10515753 AB - Blood lead levels were investigated in children residing near a battery recycling facility, and in unexposed children. Soil, paint, and dust levels of lead were also measured in both localities. Blood lead levels of children living near the recycling facility were normal. An insignificant increase in blood lead levels was found where ground cover was absent. Soil levels of lead were higher near the secondary smelter than in the control community, but the levels were still within normal for urban soil. Recent installation of a filtration system at the recycling facility may account for the normal values found in this study. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wohl, Amy Rock AU - Dominguez, Adrian AU - Flessel, Peter Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 314 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LEAD SMELTING KW - BATTERIES KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - CALIFORNIA KW - LEAD KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+Lead+Levels+in+Children+Living+near+a+Los+Angeles+County+Battery+Recycling+Facility&rft.au=Wohl%2C+Amy+Rock%3BDominguez%2C+Adrian%3BFlessel%2C+Peter&rft.aulast=Wohl&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CALIFORNIA; LEAD SMELTING; BATTERIES; SOIL CONTAMINATION; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; LEAD ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particulate Air Pollution and Respiratory Disease in Anchorage, Alaska AN - 14411577; 10515750 AB - Since industrial sources for particulate matter having diameters of less than 10 mu M (PM sub(10)) are few in Anchorage, AK, the source for these particles is crustal material from the earth or ash from volcanoes. A correlation between PM sub(10) levels and temperature with insurance claims made by state and city workers for themselves and their families for visits to outpatient facilities in Anchorage for respiratory symptoms showed that asthma visits increased between 3 and 6% and other upper respiratory symptoms increased between 1 and 3% when the level of PM sub(10) increased by 10 mu g/m super(3). In winter, carbon monoxide levels were also monitored and correlated with both emissions from automobiles and visits due to upper respiratory symptoms and bronchitis. No correlation between carbon monoxide levels and visits for asthma was found. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gordian, Mary Ellen AU - Ozkaynak, Haluk AU - Xue, Jianping AU - Morris, Stephen S AU - Spengler, John D Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 290 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PARTICULATE SIZE KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - CARBON MONOXIDE KW - BRONCHITIS KW - ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE KW - ALASKA KW - ASTHMA KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Particulate+Air+Pollution+and+Respiratory+Disease+in+Anchorage%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Gordian%2C+Mary+Ellen%3BOzkaynak%2C+Haluk%3BXue%2C+Jianping%3BMorris%2C+Stephen+S%3BSpengler%2C+John+D&rft.aulast=Gordian&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; PARTICULATE SIZE; CARBON MONOXIDE; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; BRONCHITIS; ALASKA; ASTHMA; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogenicity of Resin-Based Composites and Sealants Used in Dentistry AN - 14411566; 10515751 AB - Human breast cancer cells that were serum sensitive and targets for estrogen, were exposed to a dental sealant containing bisphenol-A diglycidylether methacrylate. Expression of the progesterone receptor and yields of cells were increased on exposure to the sealant. Mass spectrometry of the sealant demonstrated the presence of bisphenol-A and its dimethacrylate. Saliva levels of bisphenol-A were measured one hour prior to and one hour after treatment of molars with 50 mg of the sealant. The compound was detectable only after treatment. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Olea, Nicolas AU - Pulgar, Rosa AU - Perez, Pilar AU - Olea-Serrano, Fatima AU - Rivas, Ana AU - Novillo-Fertrell, Arantzazu AU - Pedraza, Vincente Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 298 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RESIN KW - BIOASSAY KW - HORMONES KW - COATINGS KW - MASS SPECTROMETRY KW - RECEPTOR SITES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Estrogenicity+of+Resin-Based+Composites+and+Sealants+Used+in+Dentistry&rft.au=Olea%2C+Nicolas%3BPulgar%2C+Rosa%3BPerez%2C+Pilar%3BOlea-Serrano%2C+Fatima%3BRivas%2C+Ana%3BNovillo-Fertrell%2C+Arantzazu%3BPedraza%2C+Vincente&rft.aulast=Olea&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 16 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - COATINGS; RESIN; BIOASSAY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; HORMONES; RECEPTOR SITES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tooth Analyses of Sources and Intensity of Lead Exposure in Children AN - 14410953; 10515752 AB - Lead levels were determined in deciduous teeth from children with and without lead exposure living in the mining town of Broken Hill, Australia. Teeth were divided into incisal and cervical sections for analysis using lead isotope techniques. Results showed that for children having low lead exposure, the incisal level was generally below 2 ppm, but the cervical level could be as high as 9 ppm. Isotopic profile of the incisal section was consistent with in utero exposure, but the profile of the cervical section was variable, due to variations in lead sources. A wide variation in lead content of both sections was found in the moderate and high exposure groups. Two of the children showed lead isotope patterns that were consistent to exposure in utero and during early childhood from lead released during home renovations, although the residence was close to the mining activity. Another subject with evidence of in utero exposure showed a profile that was consistent with exposure to the ore as a source of lead. Dentine bioaccumulates lead at a rate of about 2 or 3% annually. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gulson, Brian L Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 306 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BONE DISORDERS KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - SOURCE MEASUREMENT KW - AUSTRALIA KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - LEAD KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Tooth+Analyses+of+Sources+and+Intensity+of+Lead+Exposure+in+Children&rft.au=Gulson%2C+Brian+L&rft.aulast=Gulson&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=306&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BONE DISORDERS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; SOURCE MEASUREMENT; LEAD; AUSTRALIA; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In Search of an Oasis: Opportunity in the Middle East AN - 14410935; 10515747 AB - An overview of the environmental problems facing the Middle East is presented. Soil salination, desertification, urbanization, heavy pesticide usage, and war related pollution affect the Middle East. In addition, public health is jeopardized by food shortages caused by political unrest. Environmental concerns are being addressed by the countries involved in Multinational Middle East Peace Process. Already the parties have agreed to reduce exposure to agricultural chemicals. The countries will work together to solve water distribution and management problems; refugee resettlement; and public health issues, such as lead poisoning, water quality, and exposure to smoke from oil fires. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - VanderMeer, Dan C Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 260 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PESTICIDE RESIDUES KW - SALINATION KW - WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION KW - MIDDLE EAST KW - DESERTIFICATION KW - ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=In+Search+of+an+Oasis%3A+Opportunity+in+the+Middle+East&rft.au=VanderMeer%2C+Dan+C&rft.aulast=VanderMeer&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 16 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; PESTICIDE RESIDUES; MIDDLE EAST; SALINATION; PUBLIC HEALTH; WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; DESERTIFICATION; ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Beyond Beijing: Putting Words into Action AN - 14410357; 10515749 AB - An overview of the Fourth World Conference on Women that took place in Beijing, China, in September 1995 is presented. The Platform for Action included plans for rectifying inequities in environmental quality. Research on the impact on women of degradation of the environment, efforts to provide clean water for all, sustainable development, and technical education for women were included in the platform. Nongovernment organizations were also present, and lobbied the official representatives to place more emphasis on the environment. As a result of the conference UNEP is working to include women in technical training, and to reduce exposure of women and children to hazardous chemicals. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Blaney, Carol Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 272 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CONFERENCES KW - CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT KW - ENV EQUITY KW - WOMEN'S RIGHTS KW - UN ENV PROGRAMME KW - ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Beyond+Beijing%3A+Putting+Words+into+Action&rft.au=Blaney%2C+Carol&rft.aulast=Blaney&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t drawings N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CONFERENCES; ENV EQUITY; SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT; PUBLIC HEALTH; CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC; WOMEN'S RIGHTS; UN ENV PROGRAMME; ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Anguish of India AN - 14409914; 10515748 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Taylor, David Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 266 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - URBANIZATION KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS KW - INDIA KW - ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14409914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Anguish+of+India&rft.au=Taylor%2C+David&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=266&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 11 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; URBANIZATION; PUBLIC HEALTH; CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; INDIA; ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzene Exposure, Assessed by Urinary trans,trans-Muconic Acid, in Urban Children with Elevated Blood Lead Levels AN - 14409688; 10515754 AB - Urinary trans,trans-muconic acid (MA) was measured in 79 urban children with elevated blood lead levels. A wide range of MA levels was detected in 72% of the subjects. Afternoon values were higher than morning levels. Questionnaire results showed that higher MA was associated with the amount of time spent near streets. Urinary cotinine levels and blood lead levels did not correlate with MA levels. In addition exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, elicited by questionnaire, did not correlate with MA levels. The compound was deemed a suitable biological indicator of benzene exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weaver, Virginia M AU - Davoli, Cecilia T AU - Heller, Patrick J AU - Fitzwilliam, Ailsa AU - Peters, Howard L AU - Sunyer, Jordi AU - Murphy, Sharon E Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 318 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - BENZENE KW - CIGARETTE SMOKE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14409688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Benzene+Exposure%2C+Assessed+by+Urinary+trans%2Ctrans-Muconic+Acid%2C+in+Urban+Children+with+Elevated+Blood+Lead+Levels&rft.au=Weaver%2C+Virginia+M%3BDavoli%2C+Cecilia+T%3BHeller%2C+Patrick+J%3BFitzwilliam%2C+Ailsa%3BPeters%2C+Howard+L%3BSunyer%2C+Jordi%3BMurphy%2C+Sharon+E&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; CIGARETTE SMOKE; BENZENE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous Wastes in Eastern and Central Europe AN - 14409664; 10515746 AB - Brief summaries of hazardous waste management efforts in seven countries of eastern and central Europe were presented at a NIEHS conference by representatives from the countries. The countries represented were Poland, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, and Slovak Republic. Years of accumulation, lack of regulations to protect the public from exposure, and inadequate hazardous waste management facilities are all problems to be overcome by governments with few financial resources. Heavy metals, organic residues, and hospital wastes are the three major areas of concern. New environmental laws and plans to implement corrective action are in place in most of the countries. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Carpenter, David O AU - Suk, William A AU - Blaha, Karel AU - Cikrt, Miroslav Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 244 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ROMANIA KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - CZECH REPUBLIC KW - HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - BULGARIA KW - EASTERN EUROPE KW - SLOVAKIA KW - HEAVY METALS KW - ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14409664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Hazardous+Wastes+in+Eastern+and+Central+Europe&rft.au=Carpenter%2C+David+O%3BSuk%2C+William+A%3BBlaha%2C+Karel%3BCikrt%2C+Miroslav&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SLOVAKIA; ROMANIA; EASTERN EUROPE; SOIL CONTAMINATION; CZECH REPUBLIC; HEAVY METALS; HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT; BULGARIA; ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL ER - TY - GEN T1 - Telecommunications Act of 1996. Public Law 104-104. AN - 62675228; ED395583 AB - This document provides the text of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, legislation enacted "to promote competition and reduce regulation in order to secure lower prices and higher quality services for American telecommunications consumers and encourage the rapid deployment of new telecommunications technologies." The legislation contains measures concerning: (1) company eligibility and exemptions affecting customer access and the development of competitive markets in telecommunications services; (2) ownership and licensing of broadcast services; (3) cable services, specifically video programming services provided by telephone companies; (4) regulatory reform; (5) criminal penalties for obscene or wrongful use of telecommunications facilities, and options for screening offensive material; (6) effects on other laws; and (7) miscellaneous provisions including recognition of the National Education Technology Funding Corporation which establishes criteria for encouraging states to maintain high capacity networks capable of providing audio, visual, and data communications for elementary and secondary schools and public libraries. (BEW) Y1 - 1996/02/08/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 08 SP - 108 KW - Access to Services KW - Congress 104th KW - Deregulation KW - Offensive Speech KW - Telecommunications Act 1996 KW - Video Technology KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Technological Advancement KW - Information Technology KW - Federal Legislation KW - Cable Television KW - Broadcast Industry KW - Obscenity KW - Telephone Communications Industry KW - Consumer Protection KW - Public Policy KW - Telecommunications KW - Free Enterprise System UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62675228?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Mexico Drug Certification] AN - 1679101634; MD01366 AB - Senator Feinstein cites failure to capture drug traffickers and extensive money laundering and police corruption as reasons that President Clinton should not certify that Mexico has made adequate counternarcotics progress. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1996 SP - 3 KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Colombia KW - Congressional relations KW - Drug certification KW - Drug traffickers KW - Laundering of funds KW - Police corruption UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679101634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BMexico+Drug+Certification%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-02-06&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk proposals of the 103rd Congress. AN - 78184415; 8744601 JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Paxman, D AD - Environment Program, Office of Technology Assessment, U.S. Congress, Washington, DC 20510, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 245 EP - 267 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Government KW - Environmental Exposure -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Health -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78184415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Risk+proposals+of+the+103rd+Congress.&rft.au=Paxman%2C+D&rft.aulast=Paxman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Advanced Telecommunications in U.S. Public Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1995. E.D. Tabs. AN - 62676052; ED392442 AB - In response to the federal goal to connect all of the nation's school classrooms, libraries, hospitals, and law enforcement agencies to the information superhighway, the U.S. Department of Education commissioned a survey to obtain current data to compare with baseline data (obtained in 1994) on the status of advanced telecommunications in public elementary and secondary schools. Data was gathered in the fall of 1995 from a nationally representative sample of 917 schools regarding the types and location of advanced telecommunications equipment; services currently available; current computer networking capabilities; plans to connect to wide area networks; the formal role groups have in developing telecommunications plans; and barriers that limit acquisition or use of advanced telecommunications. This report contains tabular summaries (16 data tables, 16 standard error tables in Appendix A, and four reference tables in Appendix B) that highlight selected findings based on the data collected. The tables present data for public schools and for schools by instructional level, size of enrollment, metropolitan status, and geographic region of the country. Appendices also include a glossary of terms, the survey methodology and data reliability, the survey instrument, and background information. (AEF) AU - Heaviside, Sheila Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 63 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-854 KW - Wide Area Networks KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Information Services KW - Surveys KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Equipment KW - Telecommunications KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Information Technology KW - Public Schools KW - Educational Planning KW - Tables (Data) KW - Internet KW - Information Networks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62676052?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For a related report, see ED 378 959. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Emergency Medical Dispatch. National Standard Curriculum. Instructor Guide. Trainee Guide. AN - 62442584; ED425308 AB - This guide contains all instructor materials and requirements for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Emergency Medical Dispatch (EMD) National Standard Curriculum. It includes lesson plans, instructional aids, and tools and supporting information designed to elevate trained and experienced public safety telecommunicators to direct and manage their emergency medical resources effectively. The course provides EMD trainees with the skills and knowledge necessary to dispatch resources for medical emergencies. The course is broken down individual topics called modules. Each module is further sequenced into units. The four modules in the course cover the following: (1) basic emergency medical dispatch concepts; (2) information gathering and dispatch; (3) introduction to the Emergency Medical Dispatch Protocol Reference System and 32 chief complaint types; and (4) final examination. Two appendixes contain presentation skills and training hints, and sample scenarios for use in training. A student guide includes the four modules and a glossary. (KC) Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 875 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485479 KW - Medical Dispatch KW - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Students KW - Teachers KW - Occupational Information KW - Course Content KW - Communications KW - Teaching Guides KW - Workplace Literacy KW - Learning Activities KW - On the Job Training KW - Emergency Medical Technicians KW - National Standards KW - Medical Services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62442584?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence of Younger Dryas and Neoglacial cooling in a Late Quaternary palaeotemperature record from a speleothem in eastern Victoria, Australia AN - 21081323; 11163372 AB - A calcitic stalagmite collected from a limestone cave in the Buchan area of eastern Victoria has been dated by three mass-spectrometric uranium series analyses. Two growth phases are represented: the older from 13.4 to 10.6 ka and the younger from 3.2 to 2.1 ka. Oxygen isotope analysis reveals that temperatures were below present-day values at all times, but particularly cool conditions are indicated between 12.3 and 11.4 ka, and Neoglacial conditions occurred at about 3 ka. The older cold climate event is clearly synchronous with the Younger Dryas in Europe and this is the first time that strong evidence for this event has been found in Australia. Carbon isotope variations are interpreted as indicating changes in plant productivity on the surface and are most likely controlled by variations in summer rainfall. They indicate particularly high levels of plant productivity from 11.5 to 11.0 ka. JF - Journal of Quaternary Science AU - Goede, Albert AU - McDermott, Frank AU - Hawkesworth, Chris AU - Webb, John AU - Finlayson, Brian AD - Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Wiley-Blackwell, 111 River Street Hoboken NJ 07030-5774 USA VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0267-8179, 0267-8179 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Temperature effects KW - Oxygen KW - Isotopes KW - Carbon KW - Uranium KW - Rainfall KW - Climate KW - Caves KW - M2 551.583:Variations (551.583) KW - D 04050:Paleoecology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21081323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Quaternary+Science&rft.atitle=Evidence+of+Younger+Dryas+and+Neoglacial+cooling+in+a+Late+Quaternary+palaeotemperature+record+from+a+speleothem+in+eastern+Victoria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Goede%2C+Albert%3BMcDermott%2C+Frank%3BHawkesworth%2C+Chris%3BWebb%2C+John%3BFinlayson%2C+Brian&rft.aulast=Goede&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Quaternary+Science&rft.issn=02678179&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291099-1417%28199601%2F02%2911%3A13.0.CO%3B2-2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Isotopes; Temperature effects; Caves; Carbon; Oxygen; Rainfall; Uranium; Climate DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(199601/02)11:1<1::AID-JQS219>3.0.CO;2-2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimated Rates of Fish Consumption by Anglers Participating in the Connecticut Housatonic River Creel Survey AN - 20540916; 9226613 AB - An analysis of data collected by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection's (CTDEP) Fisheries Division during its roving creel survey of the Housatonic River from 1984 to 1986 was conducted to determine whether those data could provide useful information on the fish consumption behavior of Housatonic River anglers. The objectives of this analysis were to derive consumption estimates for the surveyed population and to determine if there were any subpopulations of Housatonic River anglers at the time of the survey who consumed considerably more fish than the general angling population. Estimates of consumption were based on the information collected concerning consumption practices, species and sizes of fish harvested, and the frequency of fishing trips by interviewed anglers. Annualized consumption estimates of 0.17 g/d (median), 2.6 g/d (mean), and 12 g/d (95th percentile) were derived by assuming that all harvested fish were consumed by 2.59 individuals per household, the mean household size in Connecticut. If it is assumed that all fish were consumed by the angler alone, consumption estimates are increased by a factor of 2.6. These derived rates are reasonable when compared with the results of other consumption studies that have shown low rates of consumption of sport-caught freshwater fish from northeastern U.S, rivers. Based on the CTDEP data for the Housatonic River, there is no evidence that a subpopulation of high-consumption anglers existed at the time of the survey. Rather, these data indicate that the surveyed anglers primarily fished the Housatonic River for its recreational and aesthetic values, not for obtaining food. JF - North American Journal of Fisheries Management AU - Ebert, Ellen S AU - Su, Steave H AU - Barry, Timothy J AU - Gray, Michael N AU - Harrington, Natalie W AD - ChemRisk Division, McLaren/Hart Environmental Engineering Corp., 1685 Congress Street, Portland, Maine 04102, USA Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 81 EP - 89 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0275-5947, 0275-5947 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - USA, Connecticut KW - Food KW - Freshwater fish KW - Sport fishing KW - Fishing KW - Population genetics KW - households KW - Fishery management KW - Fish consumption KW - Fishery surveys KW - USA, Connecticut, Housatonic R. KW - Fisheries KW - Seafood KW - Rivers KW - Biological surveys KW - Data processing KW - Freshwater environments KW - Subpopulations KW - Fishermen KW - fishery management KW - Environmental protection KW - Recreation KW - subpopulations KW - Recreation areas KW - Fish KW - fishing KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - D 04060:Management and Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20540916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.atitle=Estimated+Rates+of+Fish+Consumption+by+Anglers+Participating+in+the+Connecticut+Housatonic+River+Creel+Survey&rft.au=Ebert%2C+Ellen+S%3BSu%2C+Steave+H%3BBarry%2C+Timothy+J%3BGray%2C+Michael+N%3BHarrington%2C+Natalie+W&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=North+American+Journal+of+Fisheries+Management&rft.issn=02755947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8675%281996%290162.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biological surveys; Population genetics; Recreation; Fishery management; Fishery surveys; Fish consumption; Subpopulations; Fishermen; Sport fishing; Rivers; Fishing; Data processing; Freshwater environments; Food; Environmental protection; households; subpopulations; Recreation areas; Fisheries; fishery management; Fish; fishing; Seafood; Freshwater fish; USA, Connecticut; USA, Connecticut, Housatonic R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1996)016<0081:EROFCB>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A ribozyme gene and an antisense gene are equally effective in conferring resistance to tobacco mosaic virus on transgenic tobacco AN - 15778971; 3987893 AB - Ribozymes of the hammerhead class can be designed to cleave a target RNA in a sequence-specific manner and can potentially be used to specifically modulate gene activity. We have targeted the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) genome with a ribozyme containing three catalytic hammerhead domains embedded within a 1 kb antisense RNA. The ribozyme was able to cleave TMV RNA at all three target sites in vitro at 25 degree C. Transgenic tobacco plants were generated which expressed the ribozyme or the corresponding antisense constructs directed at the TMV genome. Six of 38 independent transgenic plant lines expressing the ribozyme and 6 of 39 plant lines expressing the antisense gene showed some level of protection against TMV infection. Homozygous progeny of some lines were highly resistant to TMV; at least 50% of the plants remained asymptomatic even when challenged with high levels of TMV. These plants also displayed resistance to infection with TMV RNA or the related tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). In contrast, hemizygous plants of the same lines displayed only very weak resistance when inoculated with low amounts of TMV and no resistance against high inoculation levels. Resistance in homozygous plants was not overcome by a TMV strain which was altered at the three target sites to abolish ribozyme-mediated cleavage, suggesting that the ribozyme conferred resistance primarily by an antisense mechanism. JF - Molecular and General Genetics AU - De Feyter, R AU - Young, M AU - Schroeder, K AU - Dennis, E S AU - Gerlach, W AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 329 EP - 338 VL - 250 IS - 3 SN - 0026-8925, 0026-8925 KW - RNA KW - ribozymes KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - disease resistance KW - antisense KW - transgenic plants KW - tobacco mosaic virus KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - V 22187:Control & treatment KW - N 14560:Antisense research KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32430:Plant Diseases: Control and resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15778971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+General+Genetics&rft.atitle=A+ribozyme+gene+and+an+antisense+gene+are+equally+effective+in+conferring+resistance+to+tobacco+mosaic+virus+on+transgenic+tobacco&rft.au=De+Feyter%2C+R%3BYoung%2C+M%3BSchroeder%2C+K%3BDennis%2C+E+S%3BGerlach%2C+W&rft.aulast=De+Feyter&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=250&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+and+General+Genetics&rft.issn=00268925&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disease resistance; antisense; transgenic plants; tobacco mosaic virus; Nicotiana tabacum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Human In Vivo Model for the Determination of Lead Bioavailability Using Stable Isotope Dilution AN - 14418444; 10515389 AB - An Australian-made lead crystal decanter having a different lead-206:lead-207 ratio from American-made lead crystal objects was used to store sherry that was given to subject one week after the same sherry stored in the original container was given to the volunteers. At the time the volunteers ingested the sherry from the decanter, the lead concentration of the liquid was 14.2 mu mol/l, and blood lead levels increased to 0.18 mu mol/l from 0.10 mu mol/l immediately after ingestion of the sherry from the decanter. However, the ratio of lead-206 to lead-207 decreased to 1.137 from 1.202. Absorption of 70% of the ingested lead was determined, showing that the lead that leached into the sherry from the decanter was very bioavailable. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Graziano, Joseph H AU - Blum, Conrad B AU - Lolacono, Nancy J AU - Slavkovich, Vesna AU - Manton, W I AU - Pond, Susan AU - Moore, Michael R Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 176 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LEACHING KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - LEAD KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14418444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Human+In+Vivo+Model+for+the+Determination+of+Lead+Bioavailability+Using+Stable+Isotope+Dilution&rft.au=Graziano%2C+Joseph+H%3BBlum%2C+Conrad+B%3BLolacono%2C+Nancy+J%3BSlavkovich%2C+Vesna%3BManton%2C+W+I%3BPond%2C+Susan%3BMoore%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Graziano&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LEACHING; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; LEAD; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships Among Blood Lead Levels, Iron Deficiency, and Cognitive Development in Two-Year-Old Children AN - 14418330; 10515390 AB - More than 40 children between 18 and 30 months of age having blood lead levels ranging from 25 to 55 mu g/dl were studied for cognitive development during the six months when abatement measures and chelation therapy were causing blood lead levels to decline. In children who had sufficient iron levels at the outset of the study, standardized scores increased 1.2 points as lead levels decreased by 1 mu g/dl. Children who were deficient in iron did not demonstrate the same relationship between blood lead levels and cognitive ability. However, in these children, cognitive ability increased as hemoglobin increased. Blood lead levels declined less in children who were deficient in iron. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ruff, Holly A AU - Markowitz, Morri E AU - Bijur, Polly E AU - Rosen, John F Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 180 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - LEAD POISONING KW - IRON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14418330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Relationships+Among+Blood+Lead+Levels%2C+Iron+Deficiency%2C+and+Cognitive+Development+in+Two-Year-Old+Children&rft.au=Ruff%2C+Holly+A%3BMarkowitz%2C+Morri+E%3BBijur%2C+Polly+E%3BRosen%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Ruff&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS; LEAD POISONING; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; IRON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growing Pains AN - 14417892; 10515385 AB - The risk to children from environmental toxicants can be greater than to adults because of physiological and behavioral differences. However, these differences are generally ignored in risk assessments, which focus on adult responses to toxicants. Effects of childhood exposure to lead, air pollutants, pesticide residues, polychlorinated compounds, radiation, and electromagnetic fields are described. In addition, the impact of poverty and the excess risks faced by minority groups are discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Meadows, Robin Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 146 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTANTS KW - PESTICIDE RESIDUES KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC, DOSES KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - ENV JUSTICE KW - LEAD POISONING KW - RADON KW - HEALTH, ENV KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14417892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Growing+Pains&rft.au=Meadows%2C+Robin&rft.aulast=Meadows&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV JUSTICE; RISK ASSESSMENT; AIR POLLUTANTS; LEAD POISONING; PESTICIDE RESIDUES; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC, DOSES; RADON; HEALTH, ENV ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of Ambient Ozone on Lung Function in Children: A Reanalysis of Six Summer Camp Studies AN - 14417866; 10515388 AB - Data from six studies done by three different groups on the relationship between ozone levels and lung function were examined and fit to a model that related forced expiratory volume, peak expiratory flow rate, and ozone concentration during the hour prior to examination. A significant relationship between ozone concentration and peak expiratory flow rate was not found, although there was strong indication that forced expiratory volume decreased as ozone concentration increased. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kinney, Patrick L AU - Thurston, George D AU - Raizenne, Mark Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 170 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTANTS KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - OZONE KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14417866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Ambient+Ozone+on+Lung+Function+in+Children%3A+A+Reanalysis+of+Six+Summer+Camp+Studies&rft.au=Kinney%2C+Patrick+L%3BThurston%2C+George+D%3BRaizenne%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Kinney&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTANTS; POPULATION SAMPLING; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; PULMONARY EFFECTS; OZONE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Healing Environmental Harm: Is There a Doctor in the House? AN - 14416607; 10515386 AB - Interest in environmental medicine has been growing since the Institute of Medicine of NAS has created a definition for the specialty, which includes diagnosis and treatment of those exposed to environmental pollutants and hazards in water, air and soil. In 1991, only 68% of medical schools taught courses in environmental and occupational medicine, and these courses averaged only six hours in length. Generally the leaders in the specialty took it up as a second career after establishing themselves in another branch of medicine. Changes in the way environmental medicine specialists are trained are underway. Traditionally specialists in occupational medicine were employed in hospitals, but increasingly they are employed by companies to prevent lawsuits and reduce costs. Specialists in environmental medicine can be expected to follow similar employment routes and the increasing importance of the specialty will come from pressure from industry. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wakefield, Julie Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 150 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - ENV EXPERTS KW - HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT KW - HEALTH, ENV KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14416607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Healing+Environmental+Harm%3A+Is+There+a+Doctor+in+the+House%3F&rft.au=Wakefield%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Wakefield&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t drawings N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; ENV EXPERTS; HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT; HEALTH, ENV ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA Strand Breaks in Human Nasal Respiratory Epithelium Are Induced Upon Exposure to Urban Pollution AN - 14416432; 10515387 AB - Single strand breaks were noted in in vivo and in vitro in DNA of alveolar macrophages and respiratory epithelial cells that were exposed to ozone or reaction products of ozone. Human males and children from low and high pollution areas were examined for evidence of DNA single strand breaks in nasal epithelium. A group composed of new arrivals in the highly polluted area was also studied. Those in the highly polluted area spent more than seven hours per day outdoors and had upper respiratory symptoms. Children and adults in the highly polluted area had significantly more evidence of single strand breakage than children and adults in area of low pollution. Single strand breakage increased from 39.8 during the first week to 67.29 during the second week. After that the number of single strand breaks remained stable. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Calderon-Garciduenas, Lilian AU - Osnaya-Brizuela, Norma AU - Ramirez-Martinez, Leticia AU - Villarreal-Calderon, Anna Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 160 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - AGE COMPARISONS KW - URBAN ATMOSPHERE KW - DNA KW - GENETICS, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14416432?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=DNA+Strand+Breaks+in+Human+Nasal+Respiratory+Epithelium+Are+Induced+Upon+Exposure+to+Urban+Pollution&rft.au=Calderon-Garciduenas%2C+Lilian%3BOsnaya-Brizuela%2C+Norma%3BRamirez-Martinez%2C+Leticia%3BVillarreal-Calderon%2C+Anna&rft.aulast=Calderon-Garciduenas&rft.aufirst=Lilian&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=160&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 13 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; DNA; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; AGE COMPARISONS; GENETICS, HUMAN; URBAN ATMOSPHERE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication in Normal Human Breast Epithelial Cells after Treatment with Pesticides, PCBs, and PBBs, Alone or in Mixtures AN - 14410697; 10515392 AB - Cell cultures of epithelial cells from normal human breast were grown and exposed to DDT, dieldrin, toxaphene, and several congeners of PCBs and PBBs. A dose response inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) was noted for toxaphene, DDT, and dieldrin within 90 minutes of exposure. Within 24 hours GJIC was restored for DDT and toxaphene, but no recovery of the response was noted for dieldrin. Time and dose dependent inhibition of GJIC was found for several of the congeners of PCBs and PBBs. Dieldrin combined with either 2,4,5-hexabromobiphenyl or 2,4,5-hexachlorobiphenyl (2,4,5-HCB) and mixtures of DDT and 2,4,5-HCB significantly inhibited GJIC. DDT, 2,4,5-HCB, 2,4,5-hexabromobiphenyl, dieldrin, toxaphene, and 2,3,4-hexachlorobiphenyl may act as promoters of tumors in human breast tissue. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kang, Kyung-Sun AU - Wilson, Melinda R AU - Hayashi, Tomonori AU - Chang, Chia-Cheng AU - Trosko, James E Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 192 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - DDT KW - DIELDRIN KW - TOXAPHENE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410697?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+Gap+Junctional+Intercellular+Communication+in+Normal+Human+Breast+Epithelial+Cells+after+Treatment+with+Pesticides%2C+PCBs%2C+and+PBBs%2C+Alone+or+in+Mixtures&rft.au=Kang%2C+Kyung-Sun%3BWilson%2C+Melinda+R%3BHayashi%2C+Tomonori%3BChang%2C+Chia-Cheng%3BTrosko%2C+James+E&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Kyung-Sun&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; DDT; TOXAPHENE; DIELDRIN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary Exposures to Selected Metals and Pesticides AN - 14410118; 10515393 AB - Metal and pesticide intake in the diet were estimated for 120,000 adults in the US based on results of food frequency questionnaires, and estimates of residues in the foods. Unfortunately the low detection rate for the investigated substances, which included four heavy metals, three organophosphate pesticides, and four organochlorine pesticides, made estimations of exposures impossible. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - MacIntosh, David L AU - Spengler, John D AU - Ozkaynak, Haluk AU - Tsai, Ling-hui AU - Ryan, PBarry Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 202 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - PESTICIDE RESIDUES KW - DIET KW - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES KW - SURVEYS KW - ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES KW - HEAVY METALS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410118?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dietary+Exposures+to+Selected+Metals+and+Pesticides&rft.au=MacIntosh%2C+David+L%3BSpengler%2C+John+D%3BOzkaynak%2C+Haluk%3BTsai%2C+Ling-hui%3BRyan%2C+PBarry&rft.aulast=MacIntosh&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 14 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES; POPULATION SAMPLING; PESTICIDE RESIDUES; HEAVY METALS; DIET; SURVEYS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecotoxicity in the Reconquista River, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina: A Preliminary Study AN - 14410088; 10515391 AB - The Reconquista River valley is heavy populated and highly industrialized. Embryos of Bufo arenarum were exposed to river water at six sites in the river basin. Most of the river had toxicity levels that were greater than those allowed by the US EPA. Macroorganisms were absent from areas where the US EPA criteria maximum concentration was exceeded. Dead fish were observed at one such site. Toxicity tests using amphibians in early life stages could be used to evaluate water quality and contamination. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Herkovits, Jorge AU - Perez-Coll, Cristina Silvia AU - Herkovits, Francisco Damian Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - Feb 1996 SP - 186 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - WATER QUALITY CRITERIA KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - ARGENTINA KW - WATER POLLUTION INDICATORS KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, WATER KW - RIVERS KW - AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ecotoxicity+in+the+Reconquista+River%2C+Province+of+Buenos+Aires%2C+Argentina%3A+A+Preliminary+Study&rft.au=Herkovits%2C+Jorge%3BPerez-Coll%2C+Cristina+Silvia%3BHerkovits%2C+Francisco+Damian&rft.aulast=Herkovits&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - WATER QUALITY CRITERIA; RIVERS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, WATER; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; WATER POLLUTION INDICATORS; ARGENTINA ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on What Works in Public Education. Hearing before the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities, House of Representatives. One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session. AN - 62550021; ED400596 AB - The prupose of the hearing, which was chaired by William F. Goodling, was to disseminate information about the good things that are happening in public education. The document contains the testimonies and prepared statements of the following members of the first panel: (1) Christopher Atchinson, graduate of the West Stand Lake Even Start Program; (2) Mary Brown, an Even Start program supervisor in the Oklahoma Public Schools; (3) Lynn Cherkasky-Davis, a teacher-facilitator at the Foundation School located on Chicago's South Side; (4) Hamid Ebrahimi, executive director of Project SEED, Special Elementary Education for the Disadvantaged; and (5) Samuel C. Stringfield, researcher, Johns Hopkins University. Participants on the second panel included Stanley Litlow, president of IBM Foundation and director of Corporate Support; Frank Brogan, Commissioner of Education of Florida; William Randall, Colorado State Commissioner of Education; Jerry Weast, Superintendent for Guilford County, North Carolina; and James Williams, Superintendent of Education of Dayton, Ohio, City Schools. (LMI) Y1 - 1996/01/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jan 31 SP - 128 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160529921 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - High Risk Students KW - Special Needs Students KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Improvement KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Public Schools KW - High School Equivalency Programs KW - Public Education KW - Hearings KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Educational Quality KW - Academic Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62550021?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-57. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Senators Feinstein and D'Amato Announce Measures to Press Mexico on Drug Efforts AN - 1679113227; MD01363 AB - Announces legislation proposed by Senators Feinstein and D'Amato calling for denial of drug certification and other measures if Mexico does not improve counternarcotics efforts. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1996 SP - 2 KW - Congressional oversight KW - Drug certification KW - Foreign loans KW - North American Free Trade Agreement (1994) KW - Feinstein, Dianne KW - D'Amato, Alfonse M. KW - Feinstein, Dianne KW - D'Amato, Alfonse M. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679113227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Senators+Feinstein+and+D%27Amato+Announce+Measures+to+Press+Mexico+on+Drug+Efforts&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Press Release N1 - People - D'Amato, Alfonse M.; Feinstein, Dianne N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Drug Production in Mexico; Includes Attachments] AN - 1679099440; MD01362 AB - Senator Feinstein forwards to Attorney General Reno texts of proposed legislation denying drug certification for Mexico and enacting other restrictions to prevent flow of drugs into U.S. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1996 SP - 13 KW - Reno, Janet KW - Congressional relations KW - Drug certification KW - Foreign loans KW - Laws and regulations KW - Political corruption KW - Precursor chemicals KW - Road transportation KW - D'Amato, Alfonse M. KW - D'Amato, Alfonse M. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679099440?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BDrug+Production+in+Mexico%3B+Includes+Attachments%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-30&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - People - D'Amato, Alfonse M. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Certification of Mexico] AN - 1679100016; MD01360 AB - Senators Feinstein and D'Amato urge Secretary Christopher to persuade President Clinton not to certify Mexico due to failure to prosecute major drug traffickers, extensive money laundering, and corruption among law-enforcement officials. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1996 SP - 2 KW - Christopher, Warren KW - Congressional relations KW - Drug certification KW - Drug traffickers KW - Laundering of funds KW - Police corruption UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679100016?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_md&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BCertification+of+Mexico%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-26&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Oil spill response technologies AN - 859727503; 2011-030115 JF - Oceanography; contemporary readings in ocean sciences A2 - Pirie, R. Gordon Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Oxford University Press, New York SN - 0195087682 KW - skimmers KW - technology KW - public policy KW - oil spills KW - chemical agents KW - pollution KW - burning KW - bioremediation KW - review KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/859727503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0195087682&rft.btitle=Oil+spill+response+technologies&rft.title=Oil+spill+response+technologies&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - SuppNotes - Edition: 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On Perceptual Metaphors AN - 85620179; 9607612 AB - It is argued that because of perceptual metaphors, eg, synesthesia - in which music or voices are perceived to have shapes, textures, or colors - & physiognomic perception - in which light & dark objects are associated with emotional states - there must be more than figurative processes at work in the recognition of metaphor. It is suggested that the existence of nonlinguistic metaphors across different perceptual modalities reflects hard-wired properties of perceptual systems & therefore precedes the development of language. However, despite their perceptual origin, it is noted that nonlinguistic metaphorical relations are often mediated & made accessible through language. Therefore, it is contended that studies that examine the processing of metaphors through information processing tasks requiring the identification or categorization of perceptual stimuli ought to consider both linguistic & perceptual processes that might mediate cross-modal metaphoric interactions. 3 Figures, 85 References. Adapted from the source document JF - Metaphor and Symbolic Activity AU - Marks, Lawrence E AD - John B. Pierce Laboratory, 290 Congress Ave New Haven CT 06519 marks@yalevm.cis.yale.edu Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 SP - 39 EP - 66 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0885-7253, 0885-7253 KW - perceptual metaphors prelinguistic status/linguistic mediation KW - Cognitive Processes (12950) KW - Metaphors (53250) KW - Perception (63450) KW - article KW - 4014: psycholinguistics; semantic processing KW - 4011: psycholinguistics; theories and models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85620179?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metaphor+and+Symbolic+Activity&rft.atitle=On+Perceptual+Metaphors&rft.au=Marks%2C+Lawrence+E&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Metaphor+and+Symbolic+Activity&rft.issn=08857253&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - MSACEW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cognitive Processes (12950); Metaphors (53250); Perception (63450) ER - TY - GEN T1 - TRIGEMINAL CHEMORECEPTION AN - 85297509; cs-267569 JF - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519, nih; NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS, 1996 AU - GREEN, Barry G PY - 1996 PB - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85297509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=TRIGEMINAL+CHEMORECEPTION&rft.au=GREEN%2C+Barry+G&rft.aulast=GREEN&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - GEN T1 - ATTENTIONAL PROCESSES IN TOUCH AND HEARING AN - 85288741; cs-267731 JF - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519, nih; NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS, 1996 AU - LAKATOS, Stephen PY - 1996 PB - JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC.; 290 CONGRESS AVE; NEW HAVEN, CT 06519 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85288741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=ATTENTIONAL+PROCESSES+IN+TOUCH+AND+HEARING&rft.au=LAKATOS%2C+Stephen&rft.aulast=LAKATOS&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Haloperidol and its tetrahydropyridine derivative (HPTP) are metabolized to potentially neurotoxic pyridinium species in the baboon. AN - 78478868; 8890926 AB - The in vivo metabolic fate of haloperidol (HP) and its tetrahydropyridine analog HPTP have been examined in the baboon to investigate the formation of potentially neurotoxic pyridinium metabolites that have been observed previously in humans. Urine samples collected from baboons treated with HPTP were shown to contain, in addition to the parent drug, the corresponding reduced HPTP (RHPTP), generated by reduction of the butyrophenone carbonyl group. RHPTP was characterized by comparison with a synthetic standard using HPLC with electrochemical detection and HPLC/MS/MS. Another compound identified by LC/MS/MS was a glucuronide metabolite of RHPTP. The HP pyridinium (HPP+) and reduced pyridinium (RHPP+) metabolites were shown to be present in urine from both HP and HPTP treated baboons by HPLC using fluorescence detection. The urinary excretion profile of HPP+ and RHPP+ in both groups was essentially identical and, in contrast to that observed in rodents, closely paralleled the profile found in humans treated with HP. These data in the baboon suggest that the metabolic processes involved in the production of the pyridinium metabolites of HP are similar to those in humans. Furthermore, the HPTP-treated baboon may be an appropriate model in which to study the role of pyridinium metabolites in the induction of tardive dyskinesia. JF - Life sciences AU - Avent, K M AU - Usuki, E AU - Eyles, D W AU - Keeve, R AU - Van der Schyf, C J AU - Castagnoli, N AU - Pond, S M AD - Dept of Medicine, Univ of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. kavent@gpo.pa.uq.edu.au Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1473 EP - 1482 VL - 59 IS - 17 SN - 0024-3205, 0024-3205 KW - Haloperidol KW - J6292F8L3D KW - Index Medicus KW - Papio KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Animals KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Biotransformation KW - Electrochemistry KW - Male KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Haloperidol -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78478868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life+sciences&rft.atitle=Haloperidol+and+its+tetrahydropyridine+derivative+%28HPTP%29+are+metabolized+to+potentially+neurotoxic+pyridinium+species+in+the+baboon.&rft.au=Avent%2C+K+M%3BUsuki%2C+E%3BEyles%2C+D+W%3BKeeve%2C+R%3BVan+der+Schyf%2C+C+J%3BCastagnoli%2C+N%3BPond%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Avent&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=1473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Life+sciences&rft.issn=00243205&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-27 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of chlorinated phenolic compounds. AN - 77931966; 14536923 AB - Chlorophenolic compounds are generated from a number of industrial manufacturing processes including pulp and paper manufacture. These compounds are found to be toxic and recalcitrant and hence their discharge into the environment must be regulated. Slow and partial degradation of chlorophenols under aerobic and anaerobic natural environment has been observed. Aerobic biodegradation of chlorophenols proceeds through the formation of catechols while under anaerobic conditions, reductive dehalogenation is the preferred metabolic pathway. Number and position of chlorine substituents on the phenolic ring has influence on the rate and extent of biodegradation of chlorophenols. In engineered systems, acclimatization of biomass to chlorophenols markedly enhances the biodegradation ability by reducing the initial lag phase and by countering inhibition. Partial removal of chlorophenols between 40-60% is usually observed in aerobic and anaerobic processes. Removal can be enhanced by a combination of aerobic and anaerobic operations. JF - Biotechnology advances AU - Annachhatre, A P AU - Gheewala, S H AD - Environmental Engineering Program, Asian Institute of Technology, GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 35 EP - 56 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0734-9750, 0734-9750 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77931966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+advances&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+chlorinated+phenolic+compounds.&rft.au=Annachhatre%2C+A+P%3BGheewala%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=Annachhatre&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+advances&rft.issn=07349750&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2004-01-06 N1 - Date created - 2003-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial distribution of acid-volatile sulphide concentration and metal bioavailability in mangrove sediments from the Brisbane River, Australia. AN - 77906465; 15091359 AB - Acid-volatile sulphide (AVS) was measured at regular positions along eight transects through a mangrove forest in the Brisbane River, Queensland, Australia. Concentrations ranged from 0.33 to 22.61 micromol S g(-1) sediment dry weight. There was no correlation between AVS concentration and the proportion of clay-sand in the sediment, but sediments with high AVS concentrations tended to contain more water (rs=0.43; p=0.01). AVS concentrations were used to assess the potential bioavailability of the sediment heavy metal burden. The spatial variability of potential bioavailability was high and depended to a great extent on which metals were considered as part of the AVS complexing system. It is suggested seasonal variations would further increase the observed variability in bioavailability. This variation should be taken into account when monitoring and assessing long-term trends in sediment toxicity. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Mackey, A P AU - Mackay, S AD - Centre for Biological Population Management, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 205 EP - 209 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77906465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Spatial+distribution+of+acid-volatile+sulphide+concentration+and+metal+bioavailability+in+mangrove+sediments+from+the+Brisbane+River%2C+Australia.&rft.au=Mackey%2C+A+P%3BMackay%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mackey&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Reading Literacy in the United States. Findings from the IEA Reading Literacy Study. AN - 62684937; ED396245 AB - Using data from the 1991 IEA (International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement) Reading Literacy Study, a study compared United States fourth- and ninth-grade students to students in 32 other countries; examined relationships between reading comprehension and aspects of family, schooling, and community; and investigated the nature of reading instruction in American classrooms. National samples of classes at the grade level containing the most 9-year-olds and 14-year-olds were used. A "world average" was constructed of the 18 participating nations that are also members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Results indicated that (1) American fourth graders outperformed students from all other countries except Finland; (2) American ninth graders' performance was closely grouped with that of students from 15 other nations; (3) in the United States, White students read better than Black and Hispanic students; (4) most groups of American students outperformed the OECD average; (5) students whose parents did not finish high school read at about the same level as the OECD average at fourth grade, but fell below the average in the ninth grade; (6) when differences in wealth, race/ethnicity, level of parental education, and other related attributes were taken into account, children from one-parent mother-only families did as well as children from two-parent families; (7) parents' educational attainment influenced reading comprehension over and above other aspects of family background; (8) what teachers said they believed about reading instruction differed markedly from what they actually did and had students do. (Contains 70 references, 43 notes, 4 exhibits, 3 tables, and 29 figures of data.) (RS) AU - Binkley, Marilyn AU - Williams, Trevor Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 82 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-96-258 KW - International Assn Evaluation Educ Achievement KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Intermediate Grades KW - Teacher Behavior KW - Family Environment KW - Junior High Schools KW - Teacher Attitudes KW - Reading Comprehension KW - Racial Differences KW - Reading Research KW - Grade 9 KW - Cross Cultural Studies KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Reading Achievement KW - Grade 4 KW - Literacy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62684937?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Student-Posed Questions for Literature-Based Discussion. AN - 62678590; ED393088 AB - The ideas in this mini-brochure are intended for teachers interested in creating opportunities for students to pose questions during literature-based discussions. The brochure suggests that a child-centered approach to questioning is a highly motivating way to conduct discussions because students of all reading abilities can participate. The brochure discusses developing discussion guidelines, emphasizing that "put-downs" are unacceptable, orienting before reading, soliciting questions after reading, accepting all questions, encouraging collaboration, shifting to peer discussion groups, and learning from students' questions. (RS) AU - Commeyras, Michelle AU - Sumner, Georgiana Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 6 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426731 KW - Questions KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Practitioners KW - Elementary Education KW - Questioning Techniques KW - Cooperative Learning KW - Student Participation KW - Classroom Communication KW - Student Motivation KW - Student Centered Curriculum UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62678590?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Supersedes ED 377 469. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Achieving the Goals: Goal 1. All Children in America Will Start School Ready To Learn. AN - 62678478; ED395044 AB - "Reaching the Goals" is a series of eight books designed to inform people involved in education reform, or people who want to be involved, of the myriad of programs and resources that are available from the Federal Government to support each of the National Education Goals defined in 1990. This first book is dedicated to Goal 1, "All children in America will start school ready to learn." The book provides federal program descriptions and definitions for more than 50 programs that are designed for preschool children. These programs encompass nutrition, learning, and health. Their descriptions should provide reformers with ideas for initiating or expanding preschool services at the community level. Programs from the following agencies are described: (1) Department of Agriculture; (2) Department of Defense; (3) U.S. Air Force; (4) Department of Education; (5) Department of Health and Human Services; (6) Department of Housing and Urban Development; (7) Department of Justice; (8) National Endowment for the Arts; (9) National Endowment for the Humanities; (10) National Science Foundation; (11) Institute of Museum Services; and (12) Smithsonian. Each program description includes contact names for more information. The book concludes with a directory of resources. Resources listed include 10 regional representatives and deputies of the Secretary of Education, 12 Head Start regional offices, the Head Start Collaboration Network members for the 10 regions, the contact list for Operation Weed and Seed (102 individuals), 60 state Arts Agency Coordinators, and 57 State Humanities Councils (includes territories). (SLD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 91 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Descriptions KW - Cognitive Development KW - Government Role KW - Educational Objectives KW - Writing Readiness KW - Physical Development KW - Emotional Development KW - Preschool Education KW - Federal Programs KW - Reading Readiness KW - Social Services KW - Agency Cooperation KW - Preschool Children KW - School Readiness KW - Learning Readiness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62678478?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The Patterns of Teacher Compensation. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62671352; ED391230 AB - This report presents information regarding the patterns of variation in the salaries paid to public and private school teachers in relation to various personal and job characteristics. Specifically, the analysis examines the relationship between compensation and variables such as public/private schools, gender, race/ethnic background, school level and type, teacher qualifications, and different work environments. The economic conceptual framework of hedonic wage theory, which illuminates the trade-offs between monetary rewards and the various sets of characteristics of employees and jobs, was used to analyze The Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) database. The national survey was administered by the National Center for Education Statistics during the 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94 school years. Findings indicate that on average, public school teachers earned between about 25 to 119 percent higher salaries than did private school teachers, depending on the private subsector. Between about 2 and 50 percent of the public-private difference could be accounted for by differences in teacher characteristics, depending on the private subsector. White and Hispanic male public school teachers earned higher salaries than their female counterparts. Hedonic wage theory would predict that teacher salaries would be higher in schools with more challenging, more difficult, and less desirable work environments. Schools with higher levels of student violence, lower levels of administrative support, and large class sizes paid higher salaries to compensate teachers for the additional burdens. However, some of the findings contradict the hypothesis. For example, public school teachers working in schools characterized by fewer family problems, higher levels of teacher influence on policy, and higher job satisfaction also received higher salaries. In conclusion, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that a complex array of factors underlie the processes of teacher supply and demand and hence the determination of salaries. Teachers are not all the same, but are differentiated by their attributes. At the same time, districts and schools are differentiated by virtue of the work environment they offer. Seventeen tables and two figures are included. Appendices contain technical notes, descriptive statistics and parameter estimates for variables, and standard errors for selected tables. (Contains 84 references.) (LMI) AU - Chambers, Jay AU - Bobbitt, Sharon A. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 193 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-829 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Compensation (Remuneration) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - Teacher Employment Benefits KW - Teacher Salaries KW - Regression (Statistics) KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Public Schools KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Labor Market KW - Employment Patterns KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62671352?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Family Literacy: Directions in Research and Implications for Practice. Summary and Papers of a National Symposium (Washington, DC, September 7-8, 1995). AN - 62669299; ED391945 AB - This document contains 10 commissioned papers presented at a research design symposium on family literacy. It also contains a summary of the symposium, which was structured around five themes: assumptions and perceptions about family literacy; what we know from research and practice and how we know it; defining the characteristics of family literacy programs; looking to the future--arguing for the top priorities for research and practice; and refining and articulating the top priorities for research and practice. The papers include the following: "Integrated Services, Cross-Agency Collaboration, and Family Literacy" (Judith Alamprese); "English Immigrant Language Learners: Cultural Accommodation and Family Literacy" (Richard Duran); "Designing and Conducting Family Literacy Programs that Account for Racial, Ethnic, Religious, and Other Cultural Differences" (Vivian L. Gadsden); "Family Literacy Programs: Creating a Fit with Families of Children with Disabilities" (Beth Harry); "Longitudinal Study of Family Literacy Program Outcomes" (Andrew Hayes); "Family Literacy: Parent and Child Interactions" (Larry Mikulecky); "Teaching Parenting and Basic Skills to Parents: What We Know" (Douglas Powell); "Intergenerational Transfer of Literacy" (Catherine Snow, Patton Tabors); "Informing Approaches to Serving Families in Family Literacy Programs: Lessons from Other Family Intervention Programs" (Robert St. Pierre, Jean Layzer); and "Meeting the Needs of Families in Family Literacy Programs" (Dorothy Strickland). Appendixes include a list of symposium participants and biographical sketches of commissioned authors. (KC) AU - Benjamin, Ann L. AU - Lord, Jerome Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 104 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048460X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Adult Literacy KW - Elementary Education KW - Parent Role KW - Immigrants KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Educational Needs KW - Adult Basic Education KW - Second Language Instruction KW - Family Programs KW - Disabilities KW - Limited English Speaking KW - Family Literacy KW - Literacy Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62669299?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Music for Blind and Physically Handicapped Individuals. Fact Sheet. AN - 62593080; ED403922 AB - With the cooperation of composers and publishers who grant permission to use copyrighted works, the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS) of the Library of Congress selects and produces music scores in braille and large-print formats, and music magazines and books about music and musicians in large-print, braille, and recorded formats. People interested in music materials receive them directly from NLS in Washington, D.C.; materials are sent to borrowers and returned to NLS by postage-free mail. Music patrons nationwide can call the NLS at a toll-free number. Anyone who is unable to read or use standard printed materials as a result of temporary or permanent visual or physical limitations may receive service. Six music magazines are offered by direct mail to eligible readers. The music collection, made up of about 30,000 books, scores, and instructional recordings, is a major resource for blind, partially sighted, and physically handicapped musicians, music students, and others who enjoy music. Materials in braille make up the largest portion of the collection. Enlarged scores with a minimum of 14-point type size and a staff size of one inch are available for voice, piano, and other instruments. The material on audio discs and cassettes includes music theory, appreciation, and history; biographical sketches of musicians and their art; interviews and master classes; and instruction for various instruments. Musical recordings intended solely for entertainment are not part of the free program. An order form is included, along with a checklist of materials. (AEF) Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 6 PB - Electronic version: gopher://marvel, locgov:70/00/ftppub/nls/reference/facts/music KW - Library of Congress KW - National Library Service for the Blind KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Musicians KW - Information Services KW - Library Collections KW - Special Libraries KW - Library Services KW - Blindness KW - Music Education KW - Braille KW - Biographies KW - User Needs (Information) KW - Periodicals KW - Musical Composition KW - Books KW - Music KW - Audiotape Recordings KW - Large Type Materials KW - Physical Disabilities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62593080?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The National Education Goals Report, Building a Nation of Learners, 1996. AN - 62586003; ED400347 AB - The National Education Goals Report serves as a barometer of the nation's progress toward the national education goals defined in early 1990. This year's report, sixth in a series of annual reports planned through the year 2000, focuses on standards and assessments, two areas of educational reform which are currently of interest to state and local communities. The report also updates information reported in 1991-1995 to indicate changes since the baseline reporting year whenever additional data has become available. Chapter 1 answers frequently asked questions about setting standards and creating assessments and provides knowledge so that parents and students can actively participate in discussions and the decision making process in their communities. Examples of challenging state assessment programs and activities from Maryland, Connecticut, and Kentucky are given. Chapter 2 summarizes progress on each of the 25 core indicators and takes each of the national goals and summarizes what has been learned since 1991 and what remains to be discovered in that goal area. Chapter 3 outlines each state's progress on a set of core indicators that is similar to the national core indicators. Overall, the Goals Panel stresses that it will be impossible to achieve the National Education Goals unless states and local communities demand more from their students by setting rigorous standards for student achievement and by designing new forms of assessment to determine whether students have mastered challenging subject matter. Appendices include technical notes and sources for the national and state core indicators. (Contains 8 tables and 25 graphs.) (MAK) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 178 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Policymakers KW - Practitioners KW - State Programs KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Educational Objectives KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Science Instruction KW - National Surveys KW - Educational Improvement KW - Reading Instruction KW - Federal Programs KW - Standards KW - Student Evaluation KW - State Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62586003?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1996 executive summary, see TM 026 359; fo N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The National Education Goals Report. Commonly Asked Questions about Standards and Assessments. Executive Summary, 1996. AN - 62585928; ED400348 AB - This executive summary of the National Educational Goals Report 1996 serves as a barometer of the U.S.'s progress toward the National Education Goals defined in early 1990. This year's report, sixth in a series of annual reports planned through the year 2000, focuses on standards and assessments, two areas of educational reform which are currently of interest to state and local communities. The report also updates information reported in 1991-1995 to indicate changes since the baseline reporting year whenever additional data has become available. Part 1 of the summary takes each of the national goals and highlights a few key findings in that area since 1991. Part 2 answers frequently asked questions about setting standards and creating assessments at the state and local level and provides knowledge so that parents and students can actively participate in discussions and the decision making process in their communities. Examples of challenging state assessment programs and activities from Maryland, Connecticut, and Kentucky are given. Part 3 outlines the U.S.'s progress since the baseline year on a set of core indicators in each National Education Goal area. Overall, the Goals Panel stresses that it will be impossible to achieve the National Education Goals unless states and local communities demand more from their students by setting rigorous standards for student achievement and by designing new forms of assessment to determine whether students have mastered challenging subject matter. (MAK) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 44 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Policymakers KW - Practitioners KW - State Programs KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Educational Objectives KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Science Instruction KW - National Surveys KW - Educational Improvement KW - Reading Instruction KW - Federal Programs KW - Standards KW - Student Evaluation KW - State Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62585928?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the core report, see TM 026 358; for the 1995 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Mathematics Framework for the 1996 National Assessment of Educational Progress. NAEP Mathematics Consensus Project. AN - 62585366; ED404184 AB - The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is a congressionally mandated project of the U.S. Department of Education's National Center for Education Statistics. It assesses what students in the United States should know and be able to do in geography, reading, writing, mathematics, science, U.S. history, the arts, civics, and other academic subjects. This document presents a framework and recommendations for the 1996 NAEP mathematics assessment that are intended to reflect recent curricular emphases and objectives; include what various scholars, practitioners, and interested citizens believe should be in the assessment; and maintain ties to prior assessments to permit the reporting of trends in student achievement across time. Chapters include: (1) "Overview of Recommendations"; (2) "Framework for the Assessment" which discusses content strands, mathematical dimensions, families of items, percentage of items, item balance, calculators, and manipulatives; (3) "1996 NAEP Mathematics Objectives" which includes mathematical content areas and assessment strands; number sense, properties, and operations; measurement; geometry and spatial sense; data analysis, statistics and probability; and algebra and functions; (4) "Cognitive Abilities" which highlights mathematical power and mathematical abilities including conceptual understanding, procedural knowledge, and problem solving; and (5) "Item Types" which discusses multiple-choice items, open-ended items, extended open-ended items, and scoring extended open-ended items. Contains 12 references. (JRH) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 57 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Evaluation KW - Academic Achievement KW - Test Format KW - Mathematical Concepts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Test Construction KW - Mathematics Skills UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62585366?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Partners in Decision Making. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62585312; ED407139 AB - This training guide is intended to help Head Start staff and parents build the skills they need to work together on decision-making teams and to help develop ground rules by which the decision-making partnership will operate. The guide develops skills in analyzing the extent to which parents are currently encouraged to participate in the key program and policy decisions which affect their families. Each of the guide's training modules details module outcomes, key concepts, background information, activities, and ideas to extend practice. Module 1 addresses building partnerships and prepares parents and staff for serving on a decision-making team by helping participants become comfortable in the group and understand the particular value that each brings to the decision-making process. Module 2 addresses working toward solutions by familiarizing participants with the steps in decision making, from defining the task to evaluation decisions. Module 3 addresses ongoing partnerships and helps participants look at the level of parental involvement in their own program's decision making. The section on continuing professional development offers strategies that supervisors can use to help staff apply new skills and extend their learning. The resource guide lists print and other resources that staff can use to learn more about the key issues presented in the guide. Contains 1 organizational and 10 print resources.(SD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 106 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426987 KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Parent Teacher Cooperation KW - Decision Making KW - Staff Development KW - Participative Decision Making KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Family School Relationship KW - Preschool Education KW - Parent Participation KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Parents KW - Decision Making Skills UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62585312?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Environmental Education Amendments Act of 1996. Report [To Accompany S. 1873]. AN - 62584929; ED407223 AB - This report from the Committee on Environment and Public Works describes S.1873, the National Environmental Education Amendments Act of 1996, which amends the National Environmental Education Act of 1990. The report begins with a general statement on the background of the Act, which established a comprehensive environmental education program at the Federal level to support State and local efforts. It also established an Office of Environmental Education within the Environmental Protection Agency. The general statement is followed by the current congressional legislation history and a summary of S.1873. The bill, a single title with nine sections, extends the authorization for programs authorized by the National Environmental Education Act until the year 2007. The bill includes a number of changes to make programs authorized under the Act operate more effectively and efficiently. For example, Section 2 ensures that the Office of Environmental Education's programs will be balanced and scientifically sound. The Act supports environmental education programs and materials that characterize environmental problems in a factual and objective manner. A section-by-section analysis describes these changes. The analysis is followed by a cost projection of the legislation and changes in the language of the existing law. (PVD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 17 KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - National Environmental Education Act 1990 KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Legislation KW - Environmental Education KW - Educational Legislation KW - Government School Relationship KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Federal Government UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62584929?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Preventing & Managing Communicable Diseases. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62581773; ED407135 AB - This training guide is intended to improve the skills of Head Start staff and families in dealing with communicable diseases. The guide addresses attitudes toward communicable diseases, how to reduce the spread of disease, and how to recognize and manage illnesses more effectively. The guide consists of six working sections. The first three are training modules. Each module details learning opportunities, expected outcomes, key concepts, background information, questions for discussion and reflection, activities, points to consider, and next steps. Module 1 addresses understanding communicable diseases, and includes experience with and understanding of communicable diseases, working with people of diverse beliefs, and how communicable diseases spread. Module 2 addresses preventing communicable diseases, and includes hand washing, gloving, checking on infection control, and fresh air. Module 3 addresses recognizing and managing communicable diseases. Topics addressed include daily health checks, managing communicable diseases, and assessing ill children. The fourth section of the guide addresses continuing professional development issues to help Head Start staff develop their skills in preventing, recognizing, managing and learning about communicable diseases. The fifth section contains resources including books, manuals, videos, newsletters, and national organizations. The sixth section is an appendix of fact sheets on communicable diseases ranging from chicken pox to tuberculosis. (SD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 144 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426812 KW - Health Information KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Parent Role KW - Child Health KW - Health Education KW - Children KW - Staff Development KW - Disease Control KW - Cleaning KW - School Health Services KW - Health Services KW - Preschool Education KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Diseases KW - Physical Health KW - Sick Child Care UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62581773?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Urban Schools: The Challenge of Location and Poverty. AN - 62580578; ED399308 AB - This report addresses widespread beliefs about the performance of urban students, and their family and school environments. Using data from several national surveys, it compares urban students and schools with their suburban and rural counterparts on a broad range of factors, including student population and background characteristics, afterschool activities, school experiences, and student outcomes, focusing specifically on the effects of poverty. The methodology used to explore differences among schools incorporates a control for the concentration of poverty in the school. Even after controlling for poverty, urban students compared less favorably to their nonurban counterparts on many measures. Urban high poverty schools and students performed similarly or more favorably than other high poverty schools on half of the measures studied, and high poverty concentration seemed to present equally challenging circumstances in all locations. On the other half of the measures, urban schools compared unfavorably, but, when considering the large overall variations by location and poverty concentration, urban high poverty schools and their students were generally no different than the effects of location and poverty concentration would have predicted. Five appendixes provide estimates and standard error tables, discussions of methodology and data sources, and a bibliography. (Contains 11 figures in the Executive Summary, 127 figures in the text, 3 charts, and 52 appendix tables. (SLD) AU - Lippman, Laura Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 228 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160486696 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Low Income Groups KW - Geographic Location KW - Family Environment KW - Rural Schools KW - Student Characteristics KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Urban Schools KW - Suburban Schools KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Educational Environment KW - Poverty KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Urban Youth UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62580578?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Making Connections. Literacy and EAL from a Feminist Perspective. AN - 62580348; ED399424 AB - This book is designed for instructors and tutors working with female learners in literacy and English-as-an-additional language (EAL). It consists of a series of papers that explore some of the links among feminism, literacy, violence, and a women-centered curriculum while simultaneously presenting suggested activities, readings, and discussions to use with female learners. The following papers are included: "What Is a Feminist Curriculum?" (Kate Nonesuch); "Women at the Centre of the Curriculum" (Janet Isserlis); "Responding to Disclosures of Abuse in Women's Lives" (Jenny Horsman); "Daily Lives" (Janet Isserlis); "Exploring Learning and Identity" (Jenny Horsman); "Self-Esteem and Literacy" (Dorothee Komangapik); "Gender Roles" (Kate Nonesuch); "Cultural Awareness Activities" (Alice Li); "Role Models" (Evelyn Battell); "Women and Work" (Selvi Varathappan Dyck et al.); "Tools for Building Self-Esteem" (Francene Gillis); "Choosing Safer Sex" (Sue Mendel); "Songs about Women's Issues" (Dharini Abeysekera); "Poetry by Canadian Women" (Helen Winton); "Women's Ways of Learning" (Linda Shohet); and "Women of Courage: Herstory" (Anne Moore and Women's Group of Action Read). The book contains a 184-item bibliography of print and media resources. (MN) AU - Nonesuch, Kate Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 395 PB - Canadian Congress for Learning Opportunities for Women, 47 Main Street, Toronto, Ontario M4E 2V6, Canada ($24.95 Canadian, plus shipping). SN - 0921283180 KW - Canada KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Practitioners KW - Teacher Student Relationship KW - Learning Processes KW - Role Models KW - Student Centered Curriculum KW - Poetry KW - Classroom Techniques KW - Cultural Awareness KW - Reading Instruction KW - Program Implementation KW - Program Development KW - Employed Women KW - Adult Literacy KW - Womens Education KW - Reading Materials KW - Functional Literacy KW - Violence KW - Sex Role KW - Adult Basic Education KW - Beginning Reading KW - Self Esteem KW - Foreign Countries KW - Resource Materials KW - Learning Activities KW - Feminism KW - Females KW - Literacy Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62580348?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Nonesuch%2C+Kate&rft.aulast=Nonesuch&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0921283180&rft.btitle=Making+Connections.+Literacy+and+EAL+from+a+Feminist+Perspective.&rft.title=Making+Connections.+Literacy+and+EAL+from+a+Feminist+Perspective.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (1966-2003) N1 - SuppNotes - Photographs may not reproduce well. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Chartbook on Disability in the United States, 1996. AN - 62578420; ED403690 AB - This chartbook presents, in graphic and textual formats, statistical data on disabilities in the U.S., gathered from available national survey and program data. Each page contains a topic question, a brief explanatory text (using data from the original source), an explanatory graphic, identification of the source of the information, and identification of the survey used to collect the data. The 38 topic questions are grouped into the following five sections (with sample topics in parentheses): (1) prevalence of disabilities (the number of people severely limited in physical functions and the number needing assistance in daily activities); (2) characteristics of people with disabilities (age, sex, race, ethnicity, income, education, and geographic location); (3) causes and medical cost of disabilities (the most common chronic health conditions which cause activity limitation and costs for medical care); (4) disability in the elderly and children/youth (incidence of disabilities in elderly persons and number of children who receive special education); and (5) work and disabilities (number of people who are work disabled, number of disabled persons in the work force, and earnings). An appendix describes the surveys on which the data are based. (Contains 37 references.) (DB) AU - Kraus, Lewis E. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 71 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; World Wide Web: http://www.infouse.com/disabilitydata/chartbook.choices.html SN - 0160487978 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Etiology KW - Age KW - Chronic Illness KW - Individual Characteristics KW - Vocational Rehabilitation KW - Labor Force KW - National Surveys KW - Employment KW - Adults KW - Children KW - Costs KW - Older Adults KW - Disabilities KW - Incidence KW - Youth KW - Medical Services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62578420?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1991 edition, see ED 345 405. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Effective Transition Practices: Facilitating Continuity. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62577300; ED407143 AB - This guide supports Head Start's efforts to improve long-term school success and continue comprehensive services for children by ensuring their effective transitions to different settings. The guide is divided into two sections, one on skill-based training and one on information resources. The skill-based training section includes three training modules. Module 1 focuses on transition and change, and helps participants develop skills in identifying and developing the supports that children and families need during transition. Module 2 focuses on transition and continuity, and helps participants develop skills in working as part of a team to provide ongoing services, support, and developmentally appropriate learning experiences. Module 3 focuses on partnerships for continuity, and helps participants develop skills to plan, implement, and evaluate transition practices and policies collaboratively with parents and key community partners. The guide's information resources section contains four types of documents: digests, summarizing fundamental information on the topics of transition, change, continuity and support; program profiles, providing descriptions of transition programs from within and outside of Head Start; hands-on activities, offering examples of concrete transition activities for individuals to try in their own home or program; and 30 resources, including books, journal articles, and videotapes. (SD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 153 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426979 KW - Continuity KW - Project Head Start KW - Support Systems KW - Transitional Activities KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - High Risk Students KW - Family School Relationship KW - Preschool Education KW - Transitional Programs KW - Resource Materials KW - Change Strategies KW - Training Methods KW - Preschool Children KW - Staff Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62577300?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Promoting Mental Health. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62573382; ED407141 AB - This training guide is intended to help Head Start staff promote mental health for all members of the Head Start Community, by means of activities that build skills in creating responsive, respectful relationships with co-workers, parents, and children. The guide has five working sections, the first three of which are training modules. Each of the modules details module outcomes, key concepts, background information, questions for discussion and reflection, learning activities, points to consider, and ideas to extend practice. Handouts are included for each module. Module 1 focuses on the question, "where does mental health come from?" Ideas addressed include protecting and supporting resiliency of children, the family, and the community. Module 2 addresses getting to know the whole child. Ideas addressed include developmental stages, individual differences, the Head Start environment, the home environment, skills and knowledge, satisfying emotional needs, and temperament characteristics. Module 3 focuses on getting to know ourselves. Ideas addressed include creating a mentally healthy workplace, stress busters, and headache visualization. The guide's section continuing professional development provides suggestions and areas for personally developing a better program environment. Contains resources including 14 books and manuals, 4 Head Start publications, 5 national organizations, and 2 videos. (SD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 101 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426944 KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Child Health KW - Psychological Needs KW - Mental Health Programs KW - Childhood Needs KW - Mental Health KW - Children KW - Staff Development KW - Emotional Development KW - Family School Relationship KW - Preschool Education KW - Developmental Stages KW - Child Development KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62573382?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearings on "Parents, Schools and Values." Hearings before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62565952; ED406057 AB - These hearings transcripts present testimony regarding parents' and schools' roles in teaching values to school age children, the federal funds involved in values education, and the remedies available to parents who may object to or be offended by some of the topics taught and the vehicles used to teach these topics. Witnesses included: (1) representatives from Delaware, California, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Ohio; (2) William Bennett, former Secretary of Education; and (3) several parents, teachers, and school administrators. Testimony presented noted that parental involvement is the most important factor in helping children succeed in school. Parents want their children to be taught the basics, but trust in schools is broken when parents are shut out of the process. Schools need to reflect the values of the community. School choice improves schools and reinvolves parents. How people in school treat one another is more important than values programs. Children are moral agents who recognize right from wrong as defined by moral influences, whether from parents, teachers, friends, or television. Additional testimony conveyed parents' disagreement with the content of information conveyed in school programs for sex education and AIDS education, parents' concerns about treatment of homosexual students, and possible misuse of government funds for AIDS education. (KDFB) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 151 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160528747 KW - Character Development KW - Character Education KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Values KW - Government Role KW - Parent Role KW - Sex Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Values Education KW - Public Schools KW - Parent Student Relationship KW - Parent School Relationship KW - School Role KW - Hearings KW - Parent Attitudes KW - Moral Values KW - Parents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62565952?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-53. Document contains several pages N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Science Framework for the 1996 National Assessment of Educational Progress. NAEP Science Consensus Project. AN - 62562302; ED403164 AB - This document contains the Framework and rationale for assessing science achievement of students throughout the United States in 1996. It provides a general overview of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), describes the 1996 NAEP Science Framework adopted by the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB), and reviews the process by which the Framework was developed. Chapters include: (1) "The Nature of Science and the Science Curriculum"; (2) "The Framework for the 1996 NAEP Science Assessment"; (3) "Desired Attributes of the Assessment"; and (4) "Characteristics of Assessment Exercises." Appendices include Fields of Science, Examples of Themes by Grade Level, Science Content Outlines (Excerpts), and Consensus Committees and Project Staff. Contains 14 references. (JRH) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 96 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Evaluation Criteria KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Science Tests KW - National Competency Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62562302?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Evaluation of Federal Programs in Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Resource Conservation, Research, and Forestry of the Committee on Agriculture. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session (March 27, May 14, July 17, 1996). AN - 62559770; ED401063 AB - Three House of Representatives' subcommittee hearings were held in March, May, and July 1996 to evaluate the goals, priority setting, and advisory mechanisms of federal programs in agricultural research, education, and extension. To become competitive in global markets, farmers will need to rely on the research community to provide up-to-date technology and market information. The purpose of the hearings was to establish research priorities for the 21st century, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the federal research investment, and improve accountability through the establishment of a coordinated advisory and priority setting mechanism. Testimony was received from U.S. Senators and Representatives; Under-Secretaries from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA); and spokespersons for agribusiness associations, agricultural science associations, research institutions, land grant universities, and the Extension Service. The following topics were discussed: the role of the National Center for Agricultural Utilization and Research (Peoria, Illinois) in commercialization of agricultural products; financial and political threats to the federal government's role in agricultural research and education; research priorities related to human nutrition, new agricultural and livestock pests and diseases, food safety, and farming's environmental issues; replacing petrochemical ingredients in industrial products with agriculture-based ingredients; proposed participants and processes in setting research priorities for government funding; importance of sustainable agriculture; the needs of rural families and communities that are not usually well supported in USDA budgets and extension programs; worldwide research on consumer food preferences; structure and funding of federally funded agricultural research programs conducted by land grant universities, the USDA Agricultural Research Service, and the agribusiness industry; and the role and methods of the Cooperative Extension Service in disseminating research-based information to farmers. (SV) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 365 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160534143 KW - Congress 104th KW - Cooperative Extension Service KW - Farm Policy KW - Research Priorities KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Land Grant Universities KW - Federal Aid KW - Government Role KW - Research Projects KW - Information Dissemination KW - Rural Extension KW - Research and Development KW - Higher Education KW - Public Policy KW - Needs Assessment KW - Agricultural Sciences KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - Agricultural Education KW - Biotechnology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62559770?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-27. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Achieving the Goals: Goal 5, First in the World in Math and Science. Technology Resources. [Resource Guide to Federal Support for Technology in Education.] AN - 62559074; ED403157 AB - The information in this volume was compiled in order to provide a guide to the technology-in-education programs of the federal government. The goal of this book is to provide important information about technological resources that will assist teachers, administrators, students, parents and others in achieving the goal of the United States being first in the world in math and science. Included are descriptions of technology-in-education programs in some offices and entities of the federal government, such as the Office of Technology Policy, Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Language Affairs, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Office of Postsecondary Education, Department of Agriculture, Department of Commerce, Department of Defense, Department of Energy, General Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Housing and Urban Development, Department of the Interior, Department of Justice, Department of Labor, Department of Transportation, Department of Veterans Affairs, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), National Science Foundation (NSF), and the Smithsonian Institution. (DDR) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 147 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160488680 KW - Goals 2000 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Teachers KW - Parents KW - Practitioners KW - Science Education KW - Financial Support KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Federal Government KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Technology Education KW - Federal Programs KW - Educational Change KW - Program Development KW - Standards KW - Technology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62559074?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Preventing Alcohol-Related Problems on Campus: Impaired Driving. A Guide for Program Coordinators. AN - 62558597; ED400735 AB - This guide presents detailed descriptions of potentially effective approaches to preventing impaired driving by college students due to alcohol abuse. Chapter 1 provides an overview of alcohol-impaired driving and discusses changes in public attitudes, the scope of the problem, involvement of teens and young adults, and the challenge of reaching college students. Chapter 2, on increasing awareness, discusses typical awareness messages, national awareness programs ("Students Against Driving Drunk" and "Boost Alcohol Consciousness Concerning the Health of University Students" (BACCHUS)), and designing awareness messages for young adults. A chapter on alternative transportation programs reviews the designated driver program and safe ride programs. Next, a review of responsible beverage service programs includes the "Training for Intervention Procedures by Servers of Alcohol" (TIPS) program, and the "Stanford Community Responsible Hospitality Project". Deterrence strategies to prevent alcohol-impaired driving are discussed in the fifth chapter and include use of sobriety checkpoints, controlling student access to alcohol, and school-imposed penalties. The final chapter is a call for public action. Appendices provide a Risk Assessment Form from the Stanford project, sources of other information and resources, and a list of publications. (MAH) AU - DeJong, William Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 69 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Education Development Center, , 55 Chapel Street, Newton, MA 02158-1060; SN - 0160484391 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Practitioners KW - Drinking KW - Information Services KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Information Sources KW - Driving While Intoxicated KW - Alcohol Education KW - Higher Education KW - Technical Assistance KW - Antisocial Behavior KW - Self Destructive Behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62558597?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Education for Sustainability: An Agenda for Action. AN - 62557517; ED403158 AB - Understanding the principles of sustainability and the interdependence of the environment, the economy, and social systems can help individuals learn to make the changes necessary to become effective stewards of natural resources and the environment. This document describes three broad policy recommendations as to how Americans can build concepts of sustainability into educational programs, and 12 strategic action plans for implementing those recommendations. The recommendations provide a framework for a flexible strategy and a toolbox of ideas which can be tailored to educational strategies reflective of individual and community needs. Chapters are as follows: (1) "A Program for Change"; (2) "Formal Education"; (3) "Nonformal Education"; (4) "Cross-Cutting Themes"; and (5)"Moving Forward." Core themes of the program include lifelong learning, interdisciplinary approaches, systems thinking, partnerships, multicultural perspectives, and empowerment. A key feature of the agenda is the Opportunities for Partnerships section at the conclusion of each chapter, which provides names, organizations, and resources to guide future steps. A sampling of programs and successful initiatives is presented to illustrate successful cooperative efforts and partnerships. (PVD) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 92 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Environmental Literacy KW - Sustainability KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Values KW - Science Education KW - Environmental Education KW - Systems Approach KW - Lifelong Learning KW - Action Research KW - Educational Objectives KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Ecology KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Natural Resources KW - Sustainable Development KW - Conservation Education KW - Educational Change KW - Program Development KW - Interdisciplinary Approach KW - Science and Society KW - Nonformal Education KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62557517?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Goals 2000. Hearing before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate. One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. Special Hearing. AN - 62548536; ED400595 AB - This document contains proceedings of the hearing held on September 12, 1995, before the Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies, which is a subcommittee of the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations. The purpose of the hearing was to hear testimony on the funding for Goals 2000, the Educate America Act. The document contains the opening remarks of Senators Arlen Specter, Harry Reid, Judd Gregg, Slade Gorton, and James M. Jeffords. It contains a summary of and the full prepared statement made by the Secretary of Education, Richard M. Riley. The document also contains the Secretary's responses to senators' questions about the following issues: the possible elimination of the National Education Standards and Improvement Council; the secretarial review of state improvement plans and standards; direct federal grants to localities; national history standards; application requirements for Goals 2000; the importance of Goals 2000 to the economy; and set-aside funds for national programs. The document also contains the statement of Ovide Lamontagne, chairman of the New Hampshire State Board of Education and his answers to queries about federal requirements. (LMI) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 35 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160525233 KW - Congress 104th KW - Goals 2000 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Aid KW - Government School Relationship KW - National Programs KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Standards KW - National Curriculum KW - Federal State Relationship KW - State Federal Aid KW - State Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62548536?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Copyright Basics. Circular 1. AN - 62501961; ED410966 AB - This circular answers some of the questions that are frequently asked about copyright, a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States to authors of "original works of authorship" including library, dramatic musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works. The Copyright Act of 1976 (title 17 of the United States Code), which came into effect on January 1, 1978, is the first general revision of U.S. copyright law since 1909; it makes important changes in the copyright system and supersedes the previous Federal copyright stature. This document includes sections on: what copyright is; who can claim it; copyright and national origin of the work; what works are protected; what is not protected by copyright; how to secure a copyright; publication; notice of copyright; transfer of copyright; international copyright protection; copyright registration; registration procedures; effective date of registration; corrections and amplifications of existing registrations; mandatory deposit for works published in the United States; use of mandatory deposit to satisfy registration requirements; who may file an applications form; application forms (for different types of publications and different purposes); mailing instructions; fees; search of copyright office records; and availability of further information. (AEF) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 13 KW - Copyright Law 1976 KW - Copyright Office KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Methods KW - Copyrights KW - Publishing Industry KW - Federal Regulation KW - Publications KW - Legal Responsibility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62501961?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Many Nations: A Library of Congress Resource Guide for the Study of Indian and Alaska Native Peoples of the United States. AN - 62441490; ED424046 AB - The Library of Congress has a wealth of information on North American Indian people but does not have a separate collection or section devoted to them. The nature of the Library's broad subject divisions, variety of formats, and methods of acquisition have dispersed relevant material among a number of divisions. This guide aims to help the researcher to encounter Indian people through the Library's collections and to enhance the Library staff's own ability to assist with that encounter. The guide is arranged by collections or divisions within the Library and focuses on American Indian and Alaska Native peoples within the United States. Each section includes an introductory description, information on using the collections and their reading room, and descriptions or annotations for selected books and collections. Sections include: (1) general collections (main reading room, catalogs and Internet access, children's literature center, local history and genealogy reading room, periodicals, microform reading room, multimedia formats); (2) rare book and special collections division; (3) manuscript division (master record of manuscript collections, register, National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections); (4) the Law Library of Congress; (5) Prints and Photographs Division; (6) Geography and Maps Division; (7) Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division; (8) Music Division and Recorded Sound Reference Center; and (9) American Folklife Center. In addition, the guide contains "gateways," thematic summaries of major Indian subject areas in the collections. Includes an index and many photographs and illustrations. (SV) AU - Frazier, Patrick Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 357 PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0844409049 KW - Library of Congress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Researchers KW - American Indian Culture KW - American Indian Languages KW - Library Collections KW - American Indians KW - Tribes KW - American Indian History KW - American Indian Studies KW - Resource Materials KW - Annotated Bibliographies KW - United States History KW - Federal Indian Relationship KW - Alaska Natives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62441490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Frazier%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Frazier&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0844409049&rft.btitle=Many+Nations%3A+A+Library+of+Congress+Resource+Guide+for+the+Study+of+Indian+and+Alaska+Native+Peoples+of+the+United+States.&rft.title=Many+Nations%3A+A+Library+of+Congress+Resource+Guide+for+the+Study+of+Indian+and+Alaska+Native+Peoples+of+the+United+States.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Photographs and illustrations may not reproduce ad N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nontraditional Education: Alternative Ways To Earn Your Credentials. AN - 62436663; ED426235 AB - Nontraditional education credits can be earned in many ways. Some methods of assessing learning for credit are objective, such as standardized texts; others are more objective, such as a review of life experiences. Options for earning a high school diploma without spending 4 years in a classroom are as follows: General Educational Development programs; skills demonstration through the National External Diploma Program; and correspondence and distance study. The college picture includes credit through classwork or experience and college degree programs. Adults can receive college credit for what they know by passing examinations and documenting experiential learning through credit: credit for prior college coursework; credit for noncollege courses; credit by examination, including five national testing programs, college and university credit-by-exam programs, and government institute proficiency exams; and credit for experience. Nontraditional students who choose to earn a college degree should evaluate colleges' nontraditional programs based on their accreditation, program features, residency requirements, and tuition and other expenses. (A resources section lists four organizations who can provide information on programs and describes nine publications/guides to nontraditional education. Sources for additional information on all options for earning credits are provided in the text.) (YLB) JF - Occupational Outlook Quarterly AU - Green, Kathleen Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 22 EP - 35 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - 40 IS - 2 KW - General Educational Development Tests KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Nontraditional Students KW - External Degree Programs KW - Credits KW - Access to Education KW - Standardized Tests KW - Higher Education KW - Transfer Policy KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - High School Equivalency Programs KW - Experiential Learning KW - Nontraditional Education KW - Prior Learning KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62436663?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+Outlook+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Nontraditional+Education%3A+Alternative+Ways+To+Earn+Your+Credentials.&rft.au=Green%2C+Kathleen&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+Outlook+Quarterly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 77 3232 7367; 210 3150; 851 36; Credits 2399; Experiential Learning 3692 5882; External Degree Programs 3733 3731 3150 1793 8331; High School Equivalency Programs 4729 221 8331; 4744 8046 3150; Nontraditional Education 7143 3150; Nontraditional Students 7145 10278 8016 4542; 8200 5882; 10030 10789 6447; 10959 7970 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Agreement between the City University of New York and the Professional Staff Congress/CUNY, February 1, 1996-July 31, 2000. AN - 62435653; ED431375 AB - This document presents the agreement between the City University of New York (CUNY) and the Professional Staff Congress (PSC) of CUNY, which represents the instructional staff of the institution. The five-year agreement is detailed in 42 articles which address: recognition; CUNY-PSC relationships; unit stability; check-off and agency shop; information and date; a reassigned time; organizational use of facilities; nondiscrimination; appointment and reappointment; schedule for notification of reappointment and non-reappointment; classification of titles; certificate of continuous employment; multiple-year appointments for higher education officers; leaves and holidays; workload; temporary disability or parental leave; jury duty; professional evaluation; personnel files; complaint, grievance, and arbitration procedures; disciplinary actions; increased promotional opportunities; distinguished professorships; salary schedules; research fellowships and scholar incentive awards; welfare benefits; retirement; travel allowances; waiver of tuition fees; facilities and services; rehiring of persons who are discontinued; discontinuances; faculty development; medical series salary schedules; CUNY law school salary schedules; resident salaries; academic calendar; workers' compensation; occupational safety and health; educational technology; no strike pledge; legislative action; 1996-2000 financial provisions; and duration. Appendixes include pertinent sections of a workload settlement agreement and the Educational Opportunities Center agreement. (DB) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 98 KW - City University of New York KW - Professional Staff Congress CUNY KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Unions KW - Contracts KW - Arbitration KW - Personnel Policy KW - Grievance Procedures KW - Public Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - Faculty Workload KW - Employment Practices KW - College Faculty KW - Faculty Organizations KW - Teacher Dismissal KW - Universities KW - Fringe Benefits KW - Faculty Evaluation KW - Faculty Development KW - Faculty College Relationship KW - Collective Bargaining UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62435653?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the previous agreement, see ED 333 795. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1996. Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations on H.R. 2127. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62243884; ED461909 AB - This document contains proceedings of Senate hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations on H.R. 2127, an act making appropriations for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and other related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996. The document contains testimonies, answers to committee questions, and prepared statements from: Robert Reich, Secretary of Labor; Donna Shalala, Secretary of Health and Human Services; Richard Riley, Secretary of Education; Harold Varmus, Director of the National Institutes of Health; and representatives from other federal agencies. Secretary Riley's testimony includes comments on proposed revisions from Department of Education Programs, the streamlining of Department services and functions, the features of the 1996 budget request, standards-based reform, and preparing students to work in the Information Age. A subject index and list of witnesses, communications, and prepared statements are included. (LMI) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 605 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160523397 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Instructional Effectiveness KW - Politics of Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Federal Government KW - Educational Improvement KW - Health Services KW - Federal Legislation KW - Finance Reform KW - Social Services KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Budgets KW - Labor Force Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62243884?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 'The Natives Are Happy': A. P. Elkin, A. O. Neville and Anthropological Research in Northwest Western Australia AN - 61503550; 9803687 AB - Discusses A. P. Elkin's early anthropological work on Australian Aborigines in light of his relationship with A. O. Neville, the government official in charge of Aborigines in Western Australia during the late 1920s. It is argued that Elkin's research & its interpretation were strongly influenced by his wish to please Neville & to promote anthropology as an activity useful to (& fundable by) the government. Excerpts from letters & other primary materials show that Elkin's desire for government approval led him to refrain from criticizing government treatment of Aborigines, to reject researchers who were critical of that treatment, to cast anthropology as helpful to achieving white goals, & to limit the subject matter & methodology of his investigations. E. Blackwell JF - Journal of Australian Studies AU - Gray, Geoffrey AD - Australian Instit Aborginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit, GPO Box 553 Canberra ACT 2601 Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 SP - 106 EP - 117 IS - 50-51 SN - 0314-769X, 0314-769X KW - Social Anthropology KW - Social Science Research KW - Australia KW - Aboriginal Australians KW - Bias KW - article KW - 0514: culture and social structure; social anthropology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61503550?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Australian+Studies&rft.atitle=%27The+Natives+Are+Happy%27%3A+A.+P.+Elkin%2C+A.+O.+Neville+and+Anthropological+Research+in+Northwest+Western+Australia&rft.au=Gray%2C+Geoffrey&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=50-51&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Australian+Studies&rft.issn=0314769X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - JASTFF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aboriginal Australians; Australia; Social Anthropology; Social Science Research; Bias ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Convention on Chemical Weapons (Treaty doc. 103-21): hearing, March 13-28, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-668 AN - 59780391; 1997-1209600 AB - Examines national security implications of the CWC for the US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+185 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+185 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538009 KW - Chemical weapons -- Treaties KW - Arms limitation -- Treaties KW - United States -- Defenses KW - United States -- Foreign relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59780391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B185&rft.isbn=0160538009&rft.btitle=Convention+on+Chemical+Weapons+%28Treaty+doc.+103-21%29%3A+hearing%2C+March+13-28%2C+1996&rft.title=Convention+on+Chemical+Weapons+%28Treaty+doc.+103-21%29%3A+hearing%2C+March+13-28%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053800-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Security in cyberspace: hearings, May 22-July 16, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-701 AN - 59776391; 1997-1207790 AB - Examines the vulnerability of Defense Department, non-defense governmental and private sector institutions, and others to information theft and outside attack on networked computer systems; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. vi+606 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - vi+606 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539137 KW - Telecommunications -- Security measures KW - Cryptography -- United States KW - United States -- Information policy KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - Computer networks -- Security measures KW - Information processing systems -- Security measures KW - Internet -- Security measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59776391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vi%2B606&rft.isbn=0160539137&rft.btitle=Security+in+cyberspace%3A+hearings%2C+May+22-July+16%2C+1996&rft.title=Security+in+cyberspace%3A+hearings%2C+May+22-July+16%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053913-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - North Korea: an overview: hearing, September 12, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-662 AN - 59773061; 1997-1210000 AB - Examines political and economic conditions, potential conflict with South Korea, relations with the US, and other issues. Topics include famine and economic crisis, US Korean war POW/MIA issue, and the nuclear reactor agreement. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+58 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+58 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537517 KW - Political economy -- North Korea KW - South Korea -- Foreign relations KW - North Korea -- Government and politics KW - North Korea KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - North Korea -- Foreign relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59773061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B58&rft.isbn=0160537517&rft.btitle=North+Korea%3A+an+overview%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1996&rft.title=North+Korea%3A+an+overview%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053751-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Domestic air services in the wake of airline deregulation: challenges faced by small carriers: hearing, April 25, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-631 AN - 59769985; 1998-0208770 AB - Examines the quantity, quality, and safety of air service in small, medium, and large communities since airline deregulation in 1978; focuses on benefits to travelers of deregulation, and the fact that many Americans from small communities have not shared in these benefits. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+266 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+266 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538300 KW - Government regulation of business -- United States KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Air transport -- Passenger service KW - Air transport -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59769985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B266&rft.isbn=0160538300&rft.btitle=Domestic+air+services+in+the+wake+of+airline+deregulation%3A+challenges+faced+by+small+carriers%3A+hearing%2C+April+25%2C+1996&rft.title=Domestic+air+services+in+the+wake+of+airline+deregulation%3A+challenges+faced+by+small+carriers%3A+hearing%2C+April+25%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053830-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Burma Freedom and Democracy Act of 1995--S. 1511: hearing, May 22, 1996, to impose sanctions on Burma T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-603 AN - 59769221; 1997-0900090 AB - Legislation to pressure Myanmar's ruling military junta, the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC), to end human rights abuses, to let the democratically elected National League for Democracy (NLD) led by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, assume office, and to crack down on drug trafficking. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+154 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+154 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160536316 KW - National league for democracy (Myanmar) KW - Sanctions (international law) KW - Myanmar -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Myanmar KW - Drug traffic -- Myanmar KW - Aung San Suu Kyi KW - Human rights -- Myanmar KW - Democracy -- Myanmar UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59769221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B154&rft.isbn=0160536316&rft.btitle=The+Burma+Freedom+and+Democracy+Act+of+1995--S.+1511%3A+hearing%2C+May+22%2C+1996%2C+to+impose+sanctions+on+Burma&rft.title=The+Burma+Freedom+and+Democracy+Act+of+1995--S.+1511%3A+hearing%2C+May+22%2C+1996%2C+to+impose+sanctions+on+Burma&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053631-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), diag(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Consequences of MFN renewal for China: hearing, June 6, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-696 AN - 59768477; 1997-1209810 AB - Debate on extending China's most-favored-nation trading status; human rights and bilateral trade issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+115 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+115 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538947 KW - China (People's Republic) -- Commerce -- United States KW - Human rights -- China (People's Republic) KW - United States -- Commercial policy KW - United States -- Commerce -- China (People's Republic) KW - Favored nation clause UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59768477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B115&rft.isbn=0160538947&rft.btitle=Consequences+of+MFN+renewal+for+China%3A+hearing%2C+June+6%2C+1996&rft.title=Consequences+of+MFN+renewal+for+China%3A+hearing%2C+June+6%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053894-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Performance Rights in Sound Recordings Act of 1995: hearing, March 9, 1995, on S. 227, a bill to amend Title 17, United States Code, to provide an exclusive right to perform sound recordings publicly by means of digital transmissions, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-11 S. hearing 104-709 AN - 59767729; 1998-0304250 AB - Issues in protecting the rights of creators, performers, and producers to compensation for public performance of sound recordings; with testimony from recording industry representatives, artists associations, and others; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+119 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+119 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539307 KW - Music trades -- Legal aspects KW - Copyright -- Music KW - Copyright -- Artistic performance KW - Sound recording -- Legal aspects KW - Television -- Legal aspects KW - Property, Intellectual -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Industrial policy KW - Broadcasting -- Legal aspects KW - Radio -- Legal aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59767729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B119&rft.isbn=0160539307&rft.btitle=The+Performance+Rights+in+Sound+Recordings+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+227%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Title+17%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+provide+an+exclusive+right+to+perform+sound+recordings+publicly+by+means+of+digital+transmissions%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=The+Performance+Rights+in+Sound+Recordings+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+227%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Title+17%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+provide+an+exclusive+right+to+perform+sound+recordings+publicly+by+means+of+digital+transmissions%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053930-7) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1043, Natural Disaster Protection and Insurance Act of 1996: hearing, July 18, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-619 AN - 59766751; 1997-1103690 AB - Examines proposed legislation on reducing the cost of natural disaster assistance and insurance, focusing on pre- disaster mitigation, role of the federal government in setting insurance rates and mitigation planning. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+104 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+104 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016053917X KW - Disaster relief -- Federal aid KW - Disaster insurance -- Costs KW - United States -- Insurance sector KW - Risk (insurance) -- United States KW - Disaster insurance -- United States KW - Disasters -- Emergency preparedness -- Finance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59766751?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B104&rft.isbn=016053917X&rft.btitle=S.+1043%2C+Natural+Disaster+Protection+and+Insurance+Act+of+1996%3A+hearing%2C+July+18%2C+1996&rft.title=S.+1043%2C+Natural+Disaster+Protection+and+Insurance+Act+of+1996%3A+hearing%2C+July+18%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053917-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Aviation security: hearing, August 1, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-616 AN - 59766715; 1997-0504930 AB - On improving air safety, changing procedures at airports regarding inspection of baggage, better training for security screeners, passenger profiling, domestic terrorism, role of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+94 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+94 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539315 KW - Air transport -- Security measures KW - Airplanes -- Safety measures KW - Crime prevention -- United States KW - Aviation -- Safety measures KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - United States -- Federal aviation administration KW - Airports -- Security measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59766715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B94&rft.isbn=0160539315&rft.btitle=Aviation+security%3A+hearing%2C+August+1%2C+1996&rft.title=Aviation+security%3A+hearing%2C+August+1%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053931-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Campaign finance reform proposals of 1996: hearings, February 1-May 15, 1996, on proposals pertaining to the financing of Senate election campaigns; S. 46, S. 1219, S. 1389 and S. 1528 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-542 AN - 59765920; 1997-0514020 AB - Examines S. 1219, the so-called McCain-Feingold bill; First Amendment, citizen participation, and other issues; opposition by political action committees and lobbyist and civil rights groups. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. ix+735 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - ix+735 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537649 KW - United States -- Senate KW - United States -- Government and politics KW - Campaign funds -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59765920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=ix%2B735&rft.isbn=0160537649&rft.btitle=Campaign+finance+reform+proposals+of+1996%3A+hearings%2C+February+1-May+15%2C+1996%2C+on+proposals+pertaining+to+the+financing+of+Senate+election+campaigns%3B+S.+46%2C+S.+1219%2C+S.+1389+and+S.+1528&rft.title=Campaign+finance+reform+proposals+of+1996%3A+hearings%2C+February+1-May+15%2C+1996%2C+on+proposals+pertaining+to+the+financing+of+Senate+election+campaigns%3B+S.+46%2C+S.+1219%2C+S.+1389+and+S.+1528&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053764-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Public access to government information in the 21st century: hearings, June 18-24, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-543 AN - 59761125; 1997-0809810 AB - Examines issues related to dissemination of information through the electronic Federal Depository Library Program and Title 44 dealing with government publishing, without creating a society of information "haves" and "have-nots"; and with a minimum cost to taxpayers. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. vi+526 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - vi+526 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160542588 KW - Information processing systems -- Government use KW - Libraries, Depository -- Information processing systems KW - Libraries -- Government publications collections KW - Government information -- Fees, charges, etc. KW - Electronic publishing -- United States KW - United States -- Government publications KW - Freedom of information -- United States KW - United States -- Information policy KW - Government information -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59761125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vi%2B526&rft.isbn=0160542588&rft.btitle=Public+access+to+government+information+in+the+21st+century%3A+hearings%2C+June+18-24%2C+1996&rft.title=Public+access+to+government+information+in+the+21st+century%3A+hearings%2C+June+18-24%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-054258-8) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Investigation into the condition of livestock markets: hearing, June 11, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-625 AN - 59760636; 1997-0502500 AB - Examines allegations of anti-competitive practices in the beef industry, focusing on packer concentration, price manipulation, captive supply, and other issues; recommendations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+142 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+142 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539064 KW - Beef industry -- Prices KW - Cattle industry -- Prices KW - Packing industry -- Regulation KW - United States -- Agricultural sector KW - Cattle industry -- United States KW - Packing industry -- Concentration ratios KW - United States -- Agriculture department KW - Competition -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59760636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B142&rft.isbn=0160539064&rft.btitle=Investigation+into+the+condition+of+livestock+markets%3A+hearing%2C+June+11%2C+1996&rft.title=Investigation+into+the+condition+of+livestock+markets%3A+hearing%2C+June+11%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053906-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Fair ATM Fees for Consumers Act, S. 1800: hearing, July 11, 1996, to amend the Electronic Fund Transfer Act to limit fees charged by financial institutions for the use of automatic teller machines, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-740 AN - 59759425; 1997-1113500 AB - Examines proposed legislation to prohibit surcharging, a practice of banks and ATM operators of charging non-customers additional fees to use their ATM's. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+157 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+157 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160540585 KW - Banking -- United States -- Legislation KW - Banking -- Service charges KW - United States -- Banking sector KW - Automated tellers -- United States KW - Electronic funds transfer systems -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59759425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B157&rft.isbn=0160540585&rft.btitle=The+Fair+ATM+Fees+for+Consumers+Act%2C+S.+1800%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1996%2C+to+amend+the+Electronic+Fund+Transfer+Act+to+limit+fees+charged+by+financial+institutions+for+the+use+of+automatic+teller+machines%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=The+Fair+ATM+Fees+for+Consumers+Act%2C+S.+1800%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1996%2C+to+amend+the+Electronic+Fund+Transfer+Act+to+limit+fees+charged+by+financial+institutions+for+the+use+of+automatic+teller+machines%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-054058-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Computational biology: hearing, September 17, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-614 AN - 59756341; 1997-0403060 AB - Funding and other issues in the application of advanced computer and communication technologies to biological research. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+92 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+92 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539234 KW - Biological research -- Information processing systems KW - United States -- Science policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59756341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B92&rft.isbn=0160539234&rft.btitle=Computational+biology%3A+hearing%2C+September+17%2C+1996&rft.title=Computational+biology%3A+hearing%2C+September+17%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053923-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The LIBERTAD Act: implementation and international law: hearing, July 30, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-564 AN - 59755626; 1997-0205510 AB - Examines implementation of act aimed at preventing foreign corporations from profiting from American-owned property confiscated by the Cuban regime. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+150 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+150 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160535271 KW - Sanctions (international law) KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Cuba KW - Expropriation -- Cuba KW - Embargo -- Cuba KW - Cuba -- Economic relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59755626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B150&rft.isbn=0160535271&rft.btitle=The+LIBERTAD+Act%3A+implementation+and+international+law%3A+hearing%2C+July+30%2C+1996&rft.title=The+LIBERTAD+Act%3A+implementation+and+international+law%3A+hearing%2C+July+30%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053527-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The availability of bomb-making information on the Internet: hearing, May 11, 1995, on examining the implications of the availability of bomb-making information on the Internet T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-25 S. hearing 104-729 AN - 59755436; 1997-0308520 AB - Examines types of "mayhem manuals" posted on the Internet, including instructions for explosive devices, in light of terrorist bombings and other incidents in the US; First Amendment, public protection, restricting children's access, censorship, and government regulation. Also covers materials posted by militia, hate and political extremist groups, and the alternative press. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+72 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+72 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016053965X KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Alternative press -- United States KW - Terrorism -- United States KW - Explosives -- Information sources KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Munitions -- Information sources KW - Bombs -- Information sources KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59755436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B72&rft.isbn=016053965X&rft.btitle=The+availability+of+bomb-making+information+on+the+Internet%3A+hearing%2C+May+11%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+implications+of+the+availability+of+bomb-making+information+on+the+Internet&rft.title=The+availability+of+bomb-making+information+on+the+Internet%3A+hearing%2C+May+11%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+implications+of+the+availability+of+bomb-making+information+on+the+Internet&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053965-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hong Kong: countdown to 1997: hearing, July 18, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-675 AN - 59754661; 1997-0303990 AB - Prospects for Hong Kong's reversion from British rule to a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China on June 30, 1997; whether China will honor its agreements as stated in the 1990 Basic Law, economic implications for the US, and other issues. Focus on whether China is committed to continuation of Hong Kong's democratic system, civil liberties, freedom of expression, and economic stability after 1997. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+59 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+59 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538254 KW - Great Britain -- Foreign relations KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Hong Kong KW - Hong Kong -- Government and politics KW - Autonomy -- Hong Kong KW - Political economy -- Hong Kong KW - Hong Kong -- Economic relations -- United States KW - China (People's Republic) -- Foreign relations -- Hong Kong KW - China (People's Republic) -- Government and politics KW - Hong Kong -- Foreign relations -- China (People's Republic) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59754661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B59&rft.isbn=0160538254&rft.btitle=Hong+Kong%3A+countdown+to+1997%3A+hearing%2C+July+18%2C+1996&rft.title=Hong+Kong%3A+countdown+to+1997%3A+hearing%2C+July+18%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053825-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Professional sports: the challenges facing the future of the industry: hearing, January 23, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-104-61 S. hearing 104-598 AN - 59753869; 1997-0201070 AB - Examines whether antitrust laws are properly applied to professional sports. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+154 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+154 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016053626X KW - United States -- Business enterprises -- Regulation KW - Trusts, Industrial -- Regulation KW - Professional sports -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59753869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B154&rft.isbn=016053626X&rft.btitle=Professional+sports%3A+the+challenges+facing+the+future+of+the+industry%3A+hearing%2C+January+23%2C+1996&rft.title=Professional+sports%3A+the+challenges+facing+the+future+of+the+industry%3A+hearing%2C+January+23%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053626-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Improving the well-being of abused and neglected children: hearing, November 20, 1996, on exploring how the well-being of abused and neglected children can be improved through clarifying the reasonable efforts requirement of the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act to make the child's health and safety the primary concern T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-692 AN - 59753637; 1997-0305760 AB - Removing legal and other obstacles that prevent adoption of abused children; some focus on termination of parental rights. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+61 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+61 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538971 KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Parent and child (law) -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Child abuse -- Prevention KW - Adoption -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59753637?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B61&rft.isbn=0160538971&rft.btitle=Improving+the+well-being+of+abused+and+neglected+children%3A+hearing%2C+November+20%2C+1996%2C+on+exploring+how+the+well-being+of+abused+and+neglected+children+can+be+improved+through+clarifying+the+reasonable+efforts+requirement+of+the+Adoption+Assistance+and+Child+Welfare+Act+to+make+the+child%27s+health+and+safety+the+primary+concern&rft.title=Improving+the+well-being+of+abused+and+neglected+children%3A+hearing%2C+November+20%2C+1996%2C+on+exploring+how+the+well-being+of+abused+and+neglected+children+can+be+improved+through+clarifying+the+reasonable+efforts+requirement+of+the+Adoption+Assistance+and+Child+Welfare+Act+to+make+the+child%27s+health+and+safety+the+primary+concern&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053897-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Tenth Amendment and the Conference of the States: hearing, March 24, 1995, on examining the status and future of affirmative action, focusing on minority contracting T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-14 S. hearing 104-687 AN - 59753131; 1997-0402890 AB - Focuses on the concept of limited government and the effect of federal control over state government. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+55 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+55 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538793 KW - Federal and state relations -- United States KW - Contracts, Government -- United States KW - State rights -- United States KW - Affirmative action programs -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- Tenth amendment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59753131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B55&rft.isbn=0160538793&rft.btitle=The+Tenth+Amendment+and+the+Conference+of+the+States%3A+hearing%2C+March+24%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+status+and+future+of+affirmative+action%2C+focusing+on+minority+contracting&rft.title=The+Tenth+Amendment+and+the+Conference+of+the+States%3A+hearing%2C+March+24%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+status+and+future+of+affirmative+action%2C+focusing+on+minority+contracting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053879-3) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 704--the Gambling Impact Study Commission: hearing, November 2, 1995, on S. 704 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-592 AN - 59753066; 1997-0205120 AB - Whether more information is needed about the social and economic effects of gambling, and whether the proposed commission is the best means of conducting the study. Some emphasis on Indian and riverboat gaming. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+377 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+377 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160536022 KW - Casinos -- Economic aspects KW - Gambling -- United States KW - Social problems -- United States KW - Gambling -- Social aspects KW - Gambling -- Economic aspects KW - United States -- Social conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59753066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B377&rft.isbn=0160536022&rft.btitle=S.+704--the+Gambling+Impact+Study+Commission%3A+hearing%2C+November+2%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+704&rft.title=S.+704--the+Gambling+Impact+Study+Commission%3A+hearing%2C+November+2%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+704&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053602-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), index(es) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Terrorism and the Middle East peace process: hearing, March 19, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-706 AN - 59752846; 1997-0304210 AB - Importance of counterterrorist strategies and joint efforts by the Gulf states, Saudi Arabia, the PLO, Syria, Israel, and the US to defeat terrorism, close down terrorist groups, and support the peace process. Whether the Gulf states and Saudi Arabia will cut their funding for Hamas and the Islamic Jihad, whether the PLO will repeal its charter calling for the destruction of Israel, whether Syria will close down its terrorist training camps in Lebanon, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+47 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+47 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539412 KW - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Israel KW - Islamic Jihad KW - Palestine liberation organization KW - Israel -- Government and politics KW - Peace -- Middle East KW - Terrorism -- Israel KW - Counterterrorism -- Middle East KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - Terrorism -- Middle East UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59752846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B47&rft.isbn=0160539412&rft.btitle=Terrorism+and+the+Middle+East+peace+process%3A+hearing%2C+March+19%2C+1996&rft.title=Terrorism+and+the+Middle+East+peace+process%3A+hearing%2C+March+19%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053941-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Amtrak service: hearing, September 10, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-615 AN - 59752555; 1997-0413110 AB - Examines potential closing of Amtrak lines, cost effectiveness, future of a national passenger railroad, achieving integration between rail, bus and air service, and other issues. Focus on elimination of the Pioneer between Chicago and Seattle, and the Texas Eagle from Chicago through Arkansas. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+116 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+116 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - Railroads -- United States KW - National railroad passenger corporation KW - Railroads -- Passenger service KW - United States -- Transportation sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59752555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Amtrak+service%3A+hearing%2C+September+10%2C+1996&rft.title=Amtrak+service%3A+hearing%2C+September+10%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Ethanol, clean air, and farm economy: hearing, September 28, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-549 AN - 59750987; 1997-0203620 AB - Reduction of emissions of carbon monoxide and other benefits from the use of ethanol, produced from corn, as a fuel for motor vehicles. Topics include increased employment in the agricultural sector and the ethanol production industry; related programs of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+59 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+59 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537509 KW - Alcohol as fuel -- United States KW - Motor vehicles -- Exhaust KW - Air pollution -- United States KW - Agriculture -- United States KW - Motor vehicles -- Fuel KW - Employment -- United States KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - United States -- Environmental protection agency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59750987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B59&rft.isbn=0160537509&rft.btitle=Ethanol%2C+clean+air%2C+and+farm+economy%3A+hearing%2C+September+28%2C+1995&rft.title=Ethanol%2C+clean+air%2C+and+farm+economy%3A+hearing%2C+September+28%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053750-9) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - United Nations world conferences: hearing, June 4, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-539 AN - 59749570; 1996-1114000 AB - On the costs, goals, representation, and policies promoted by the US at five major international conferences, 1993-96. 1993 Vienna Conference on Human Rights, 1994 Cairo Conference on Population Control, 1995 Copenhagen Conference on Social Development, 1995 Beijing Conference on Women's Rights, and 1996 Istanbul Habitat Conference; some focus on US population policy and on policy for advancement of women. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+96 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+96 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160534283 KW - Women -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - United States -- Population policy KW - Cost of government KW - International organization KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - International conferences KW - Cost control KW - United Nations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59749570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B96&rft.isbn=0160534283&rft.btitle=United+Nations+world+conferences%3A+hearing%2C+June+4%2C+1996&rft.title=United+Nations+world+conferences%3A+hearing%2C+June+4%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053428-3) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Emerging infections: a significant threat to the nation's health: hearing, October 18, 1995, on examining the threat and risk of certain old and new infectious diseases on the nation's health T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-298 AN - 59749488; 1996-1113620 AB - Advocates efforts to control and contain AIDS, Lyme disease, toxic shock syndrome, Legionnaires' disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, tuberculosis, and other infectious diseases; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+94 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+94 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522005 KW - Communicable diseases -- United States KW - Public health -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Lyme disease -- United States KW - Medical service -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59749488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B94&rft.isbn=0160522005&rft.btitle=Emerging+infections%3A+a+significant+threat+to+the+nation%27s+health%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+threat+and+risk+of+certain+old+and+new+infectious+diseases+on+the+nation%27s+health&rft.title=Emerging+infections%3A+a+significant+threat+to+the+nation%27s+health%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+threat+and+risk+of+certain+old+and+new+infectious+diseases+on+the+nation%27s+health&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052200-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Discovery of evidence of past life on Mars: hearing, September 25, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-611 AN - 59749325; 1997-0411140 AB - Examines evidence from a Martian meteorite that fell to earth suggesting primitive life once existed; implications for NASA's space research programs, US scientific policy, and future planetary exploration. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+69 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+69 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539323 KW - Space research and technology -- United States KW - United States -- Science policy KW - United States -- National aeronautics and space administration KW - Mars (planet) KW - Life UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59749325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B69&rft.isbn=0160539323&rft.btitle=Discovery+of+evidence+of+past+life+on+Mars%3A+hearing%2C+September+25%2C+1996&rft.title=Discovery+of+evidence+of+past+life+on+Mars%3A+hearing%2C+September+25%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053932-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The cost of the legal system: hearing, May 2, 1997, on examining proposals to reform the legal system in an effort to reduce costs to consumers T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-695 Serial no. J-104-19 AN - 59749257; 1997-0907290 AB - Examines need for reform of the tort system, focusing on product and medical liability reform, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+157 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+157 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539072 KW - Products liability -- United States -- Legislation KW - Law reform -- United States KW - Costs (law) -- United States KW - Consumer protection -- United States -- Legislation KW - Liability -- United States KW - United States -- Jurisprudence KW - Medical profession -- Malpractice -- Legislation KW - Compensation (law) -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59749257?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B157&rft.isbn=0160539072&rft.btitle=The+cost+of+the+legal+system%3A+hearing%2C+May+2%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+reform+the+legal+system+in+an+effort+to+reduce+costs+to+consumers&rft.title=The+cost+of+the+legal+system%3A+hearing%2C+May+2%2C+1997%2C+on+examining+proposals+to+reform+the+legal+system+in+an+effort+to+reduce+costs+to+consumers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053907-2) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Confronting the challenges presented by an aging population: hearing, May 14, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-488 AN - 59749160; 1996-1100880 AB - Examines impact on costs of public and private retirement programs, health care systems, the economy, the federal budget, and other issues; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+72 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+72 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528216 KW - Retirement income -- United States KW - Health insurance -- Costs KW - Old age -- Medical care KW - Old age -- United States KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Social and economic security -- United States KW - Social insurance -- Costs KW - United States -- Social policy KW - United States -- Economic conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59749160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B72&rft.isbn=0160528216&rft.btitle=Confronting+the+challenges+presented+by+an+aging+population%3A+hearing%2C+May+14%2C+1996&rft.title=Confronting+the+challenges+presented+by+an+aging+population%3A+hearing%2C+May+14%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052821-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Russian organized crime in the United States: hearing, May 15, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-604 AN - 59748929; 1997-0313210 AB - How global communications technology and reduced restrictions on trade and travel are related to increase in Russian organized crime in the US; FBI, Customs, and IRS countermeasures. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+206 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+206 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160536324 KW - Organized crime -- International aspects KW - Crime and criminals -- United States KW - Communication systems -- International aspects KW - Drug traffic -- International aspects KW - Crime and criminals -- Russia (Federative Republic) KW - Crime prevention -- International cooperation KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59748929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B206&rft.isbn=0160536324&rft.btitle=Russian+organized+crime+in+the+United+States%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1996&rft.title=Russian+organized+crime+in+the+United+States%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053632-4) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1860, Auto Choice Reform Act: hearing, September 24, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-613 AN - 59748907; 1997-0411880 AB - Examines proposed legislation for a no-fault system for auto insurance, focusing on a decrease in insurance and litigation costs, criminal fraud schemes, and effects on tort liability coverage. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+213 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+213 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539625 KW - Motor vehicle insurance -- Costs KW - United States -- Insurance sector KW - Law reform -- United States KW - Motor vehicle insurance -- United States KW - Fraud -- United States KW - No-fault insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59748907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B213&rft.isbn=0160539625&rft.btitle=S.+1860%2C+Auto+Choice+Reform+Act%3A+hearing%2C+September+24%2C+1996&rft.title=S.+1860%2C+Auto+Choice+Reform+Act%3A+hearing%2C+September+24%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053962-5) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Aviation safety treatment of families after airlines accidents: hearing, September 25, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-612 AN - 59748902; 1997-0409350 AB - Examines proposed legislation to improve notification procedures, focusing on problems with passenger manifests, coordinating resources to assist families, providing accurate information on the accident investigation, and privacy rights; in light of the crashes of Pan Am 103, ValueJet flight 592, and TWA flight 800. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+94 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+94 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539951 KW - Air transport -- Security measures KW - Family -- United States KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Air transport -- Accidents KW - Air transport -- Safety measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59748902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B94&rft.isbn=0160539951&rft.btitle=Aviation+safety+treatment+of+families+after+airlines+accidents%3A+hearing%2C+September+25%2C+1996&rft.title=Aviation+safety+treatment+of+families+after+airlines+accidents%3A+hearing%2C+September+25%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053995-1) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Space station and space shuttle programs: hearing, July 24, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-618 AN - 59747564; 1997-0305740 AB - Questions US dependence on Russia and outdated technology, cost and safety issues, and the future of NASA and the US space program. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+69 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+69 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538076 KW - Space research and technology -- United States KW - United States -- National aeronautics and space administration KW - Russian Federation -- Science policy KW - Space vehicles -- United States KW - Space stations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59747564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B69&rft.isbn=0160538076&rft.btitle=Space+station+and+space+shuttle+programs%3A+hearing%2C+July+24%2C+1996&rft.title=Space+station+and+space+shuttle+programs%3A+hearing%2C+July+24%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053807-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The condition of consumer credit: hearing, July 24, 1996, on the implications of consumer credit trends and the risks they impose on financial institutions T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-691 AN - 59747474; 1997-0306350 AB - Examines why consumers are having trouble managing and paying off their debts, whether banks are implementing changes in their underwriting standards, and what regulators are doing to mitigate credit risk. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+91 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+91 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538904 KW - Consumer credit -- United States KW - Credit cards -- United States KW - Banking -- Consumer credit plans KW - Financial intermediaries -- United States KW - Risk -- United States KW - United States -- Banking sector KW - Bank loans -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59747474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B91&rft.isbn=0160538904&rft.btitle=The+condition+of+consumer+credit%3A+hearing%2C+July+24%2C+1996%2C+on+the+implications+of+consumer+credit+trends+and+the+risks+they+impose+on+financial+institutions&rft.title=The+condition+of+consumer+credit%3A+hearing%2C+July+24%2C+1996%2C+on+the+implications+of+consumer+credit+trends+and+the+risks+they+impose+on+financial+institutions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053890-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Railroad safety: hearing, February 27, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-516 AN - 59747221; 1996-1113900 AB - Addresses available technology to improve rail safety, including signal technology and passenger escape mechanisms, rail accidents, regulatory enforcement by the Federal Railroad Administration, and related issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+188 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+188 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160529379 KW - United States -- Federal railroad administration KW - Railroads -- Safety measures KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Electronic equipment -- United States KW - Railroads -- Accidents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59747221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B188&rft.isbn=0160529379&rft.btitle=Railroad+safety%3A+hearing%2C+February+27%2C+1996&rft.title=Railroad+safety%3A+hearing%2C+February+27%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052937-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The TEAM Act: legal problems with employee involvement programs: hearing, February 8, 1996, on S. 295, to permit labor management cooperative efforts that improve America's economic competitiveness to continue to thrive, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-386 AN - 59747085; 1996-1113410 AB - Teamwork for Employment and Management (TEAM) Act. Whether changes to the National Labor Relations Act, as proposed in this legislation, would encourage innovative management practices, or undermine independent employee organizations and unions; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+91 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+91 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524253 KW - Business organization and administration -- United States KW - Trade unions -- United States KW - Government and labor-management relations -- United States KW - Industrial relations -- United States KW - Industrial organization -- United States KW - United States -- Labor policy KW - Labor conditions -- United States KW - Labor -- United States -- Legislation KW - Employees' representation in management -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59747085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B91&rft.isbn=0160524253&rft.btitle=The+TEAM+Act%3A+legal+problems+with+employee+involvement+programs%3A+hearing%2C+February+8%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+295%2C+to+permit+labor+management+cooperative+efforts+that+improve+America%27s+economic+competitiveness+to+continue+to+thrive%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=The+TEAM+Act%3A+legal+problems+with+employee+involvement+programs%3A+hearing%2C+February+8%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+295%2C+to+permit+labor+management+cooperative+efforts+that+improve+America%27s+economic+competitiveness+to+continue+to+thrive%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052425-3) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The role of the military in combating terrorism: hearing, May 10, 1995, on certain provisions of S. 735, a bill to prevent and punish acts of terrorism and certain provisions of S. 761, a bill to improve the ability of the United States to respond to the international terrorist threat T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-23 S. hearing 104-704 AN - 59746871; 1997-0305770 AB - Examines the proper role, if any, of the US military in countering terrorism; with special focus on the Posse Comitatus Act. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+43 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+43 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539196 KW - Counterterrorism KW - Civil-military relations -- United States KW - United States -- Military policy KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B43&rft.isbn=0160539196&rft.btitle=The+role+of+the+military+in+combating+terrorism%3A+hearing%2C+May+10%2C+1995%2C+on+certain+provisions+of+S.+735%2C+a+bill+to+prevent+and+punish+acts+of+terrorism+and+certain+provisions+of+S.+761%2C+a+bill+to+improve+the+ability+of+the+United+States+to+respond+to+the+international+terrorist+threat&rft.title=The+role+of+the+military+in+combating+terrorism%3A+hearing%2C+May+10%2C+1995%2C+on+certain+provisions+of+S.+735%2C+a+bill+to+prevent+and+punish+acts+of+terrorism+and+certain+provisions+of+S.+761%2C+a+bill+to+improve+the+ability+of+the+United+States+to+respond+to+the+international+terrorist+threat&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053919-6) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Swiss banks and the status of assets of Holocaust survivors or heirs: hearing, April 23, 1996, on the circumstances surrounding the deposit of assets into Swiss banks by European Jews and others, the methodology utilized by the financial institutions in recording and maintaining these accounts, and the response by Swiss banks to claims and inquiries made by Holocaust survivors or heirs regarding these accounts T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-582 AN - 59746749; 1996-1203170 AB - Examines issues of trust in Swiss neutrality and the integrity of that nation's banking system; whether Swiss bank secrecy laws have been used by some institutions to prevent rightful Jewish owners from claiming their assets; need for an impartial audit of assets deposited between 1933-45. Emphasis on justice and ethical issues facing Swiss banks. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+73 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+73 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160535522 KW - World war, 1939-45 -- Claims KW - Banking -- Ethics KW - Banking -- Numbered accounts KW - Switzerland -- Banking sector KW - Bank secrecy -- Switzerland KW - Jews -- Restitution and indemnification claims KW - Estates, Unclaimed -- Switzerland UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B73&rft.isbn=0160535522&rft.btitle=Swiss+banks+and+the+status+of+assets+of+Holocaust+survivors+or+heirs%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1996%2C+on+the+circumstances+surrounding+the+deposit+of+assets+into+Swiss+banks+by+European+Jews+and+others%2C+the+methodology+utilized+by+the+financial+institutions+in+recording+and+maintaining+these+accounts%2C+and+the+response+by+Swiss+banks+to+claims+and+inquiries+made+by+Holocaust+survivors+or+heirs+regarding+these+accounts&rft.title=Swiss+banks+and+the+status+of+assets+of+Holocaust+survivors+or+heirs%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1996%2C+on+the+circumstances+surrounding+the+deposit+of+assets+into+Swiss+banks+by+European+Jews+and+others%2C+the+methodology+utilized+by+the+financial+institutions+in+recording+and+maintaining+these+accounts%2C+and+the+response+by+Swiss+banks+to+claims+and+inquiries+made+by+Holocaust+survivors+or+heirs+regarding+these+accounts&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053552-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Aviation safety: are FAA inspectors adequately trained, targeted, and supervised? hearing, April 30, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-659 AN - 59746505; 1997-0203180 AB - Discusses allegations of shortcomings in the inspection program of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) that is intended to ensure the aviation industry's compliance with safety regulations. Includes inspection of large aircraft by those qualified to inspect only small ones; inaccuracy of the Program Tracking and Reporting Subsystem (PTRS). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+136 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+136 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537444 KW - Aviation -- Safety measures KW - Air transport -- Regulation KW - Aviation -- United States KW - Air transport -- Safety measures KW - United States -- Federal aviation administration KW - Air transport -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B136&rft.isbn=0160537444&rft.btitle=Aviation+safety%3A+are+FAA+inspectors+adequately+trained%2C+targeted%2C+and+supervised%3F+hearing%2C+April+30%2C+1996&rft.title=Aviation+safety%3A+are+FAA+inspectors+adequately+trained%2C+targeted%2C+and+supervised%3F+hearing%2C+April+30%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053744-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Affirmative action, preferences, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1995: hearing, April 30, 1996, on S. 1085, to prohibit discrimination and preferential treatment on the basis of race, color, national origin, or sex with respect to federal employment, contracts, and programs, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-470 AN - 59746342; 1996-1113670 AB - Examines arguments for and against eliminating federal government programs to reduce the effects of discrimination. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+71 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+71 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527678 KW - Discrimination in employment -- United States KW - Employment -- Minorities KW - Discrimination in education -- United States KW - Government employees -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Employment -- Women KW - Equal pay for equal work -- United States KW - Affirmative action programs -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B71&rft.isbn=0160527678&rft.btitle=Affirmative+action%2C+preferences%2C+and+the+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+April+30%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1085%2C+to+prohibit+discrimination+and+preferential+treatment+on+the+basis+of+race%2C+color%2C+national+origin%2C+or+sex+with+respect+to+federal+employment%2C+contracts%2C+and+programs%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Affirmative+action%2C+preferences%2C+and+the+Equal+Employment+Opportunity+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+April+30%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1085%2C+to+prohibit+discrimination+and+preferential+treatment+on+the+basis+of+race%2C+color%2C+national+origin%2C+or+sex+with+respect+to+federal+employment%2C+contracts%2C+and+programs%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052767-8) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Keeping up with the trend: issues affecting home-based business owners: hearing, April 23, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-511 AN - 59746239; 1996-1008920 AB - Examines factors contributing to the growth of the home-business sector such as access to technology, corporate downsizing, and need for two incomes; focuses on financing needs, health insurance, independent contractor rules, and self-employment taxes. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+92 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+92 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160529190 KW - Small business -- United States KW - Self-employed -- United States KW - Independent contractors -- United States KW - Small business -- Finance KW - Home labor -- United States KW - United States -- Labor sector KW - United States -- Economic conditions KW - Health insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B92&rft.isbn=0160529190&rft.btitle=Keeping+up+with+the+trend%3A+issues+affecting+home-based+business+owners%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1996&rft.title=Keeping+up+with+the+trend%3A+issues+affecting+home-based+business+owners%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052919-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hawaii's aviation infrastructure: hearing, April 9, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-634 AN - 59745997; 1997-0314500 AB - Examines ways to improve facilities and services to facilitate the flow of visitor traffic to Hawaii airports; focuses on US-Japan bilateral negotiations, inspection services at airports, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+167 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+167 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538092 KW - Hawaii -- Transportation sector KW - Japan -- Economic relations -- United States KW - Visitors, Foreign -- United States -- Hawaii KW - Air transport -- United States -- Hawaii KW - Aviation -- United States -- Hawaii KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Japan KW - Tourism -- Hawaii UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B167&rft.isbn=0160538092&rft.btitle=Hawaii%27s+aviation+infrastructure%3A+hearing%2C+April+9%2C+1996&rft.title=Hawaii%27s+aviation+infrastructure%3A+hearing%2C+April+9%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053809-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Extradition Treaties: Hungary (Treaty Doc. 104-5); Belgium (Treaty Doc. 104-7); Belgium (Treaty Doc. 104-8); Switzerland (Treaty Doc. 104-9); Philippines (Treaty Doc. 104-16); Bolivia (Treaty Doc. 104-22); and Malaysia (Treaty Doc. 104-26); Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties: Korea (104-1); Great Britain (102-2); Philippines (Treaty Doc. 104-18); Hungary (Treaty Doc. 104-20); and Austria (Treaty Doc. 104-21): hearing, July 17, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. AN - 59745876; 1997-0201820 AB - Some focus on the need to ensure that information is not shared with any foreign government official suspected of using it to further illegal activities, especially distribution of illegal drugs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+17 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+17 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538467 KW - Extradition -- Treaties KW - International law KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B17&rft.isbn=0160538467&rft.btitle=Extradition+Treaties%3A+Hungary+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-5%29%3B+Belgium+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-7%29%3B+Belgium+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-8%29%3B+Switzerland+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-9%29%3B+Philippines+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-16%29%3B+Bolivia+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-22%29%3B+and+Malaysia+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-26%29%3B+Mutual+Legal+Assistance+Treaties%3A+Korea+%28104-1%29%3B+Great+Britain+%28102-2%29%3B+Philippines+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-18%29%3B+Hungary+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-20%29%3B+and+Austria+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-21%29%3A+hearing%2C+July+17%2C+1996&rft.title=Extradition+Treaties%3A+Hungary+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-5%29%3B+Belgium+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-7%29%3B+Belgium+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-8%29%3B+Switzerland+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-9%29%3B+Philippines+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-16%29%3B+Bolivia+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-22%29%3B+and+Malaysia+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-26%29%3B+Mutual+Legal+Assistance+Treaties%3A+Korea+%28104-1%29%3B+Great+Britain+%28102-2%29%3B+Philippines+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-18%29%3B+Hungary+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-20%29%3B+and+Austria+%28Treaty+Doc.+104-21%29%3A+hearing%2C+July+17%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053846-7) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Accessibility and Partnership Act of 1996: hearing, July 11, 1996, on S. 1738, to provide for improved access to and use of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-717 AN - 59745862; 1997-0403690 AB - Views on changes in management and public input and increases in truck portages, motorboat use, and motorboat quotas included in the proposed legislation; US side of Minnesota/Ontario border. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+157 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+157 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539587 KW - Canoes and canoeing -- United States -- Minnesota KW - Boating -- United States -- Minnesota KW - Recreation areas -- United States -- Minnesota KW - Wilderness areas -- United States -- Minnesota KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Minnesota -- Environmental conditions KW - United States and Canada -- Border areas -- Environmental aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B157&rft.isbn=0160539587&rft.btitle=Boundary+Waters+Canoe+Area+Wilderness+Accessibility+and+Partnership+Act+of+1996%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1738%2C+to+provide+for+improved+access+to+and+use+of+the+Boundary+Waters+Canoe+Area+Wilderness%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Boundary+Waters+Canoe+Area+Wilderness+Accessibility+and+Partnership+Act+of+1996%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1738%2C+to+provide+for+improved+access+to+and+use+of+the+Boundary+Waters+Canoe+Area+Wilderness%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053958-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Advances in genetics research and technologies: challenges for public policy: hearing, July 25, 1996, on examining recent developments in genetics research, public policy issues with regard to access to and use of genetic information, and the impact of genetic technologies on certain sectors of industry, health care delivery systems, and the public T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-556 AN - 59745649; 1996-1103690 AB - With special reference to the Human Genome Project and legislative proposals on the right to privacy with respect to genetic information and protection from its discriminatory use by health plans and employers. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+87 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+87 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160534577 KW - Discrimination in employment -- United States KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Medical genetics -- United States KW - Biotechnology -- United States KW - Privacy -- United States KW - Genetic research -- United States KW - Health insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B87&rft.isbn=0160534577&rft.btitle=Advances+in+genetics+research+and+technologies%3A+challenges+for+public+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+25%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+recent+developments+in+genetics+research%2C+public+policy+issues+with+regard+to+access+to+and+use+of+genetic+information%2C+and+the+impact+of+genetic+technologies+on+certain+sectors+of+industry%2C+health+care+delivery+systems%2C+and+the+public&rft.title=Advances+in+genetics+research+and+technologies%3A+challenges+for+public+policy%3A+hearing%2C+July+25%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+recent+developments+in+genetics+research%2C+public+policy+issues+with+regard+to+access+to+and+use+of+genetic+information%2C+and+the+impact+of+genetic+technologies+on+certain+sectors+of+industry%2C+health+care+delivery+systems%2C+and+the+public&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053457-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - United Nations reform: hearing, September 11, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-683 AN - 59745523; 1997-0302620 AB - Examines growth of the budget of the UN and its specialized agencies, reform efforts, effectiveness of the organization, and role of the US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+74 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+74 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538556 KW - United Nations -- Finance KW - United Nations KW - United Nations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B74&rft.isbn=0160538556&rft.btitle=United+Nations+reform%3A+hearing%2C+September+11%2C+1996&rft.title=United+Nations+reform%3A+hearing%2C+September+11%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053855-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 356--Language of Government Act: hearings, December 6, 1995 and March 7, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st and 2d sess. S. hearing 104-708 AN - 59745522; 1997-0400890 AB - Discusses proposal to make English the official language of the federal government. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+328 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+328 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539366 KW - Bilingualism -- United States KW - English language -- United States KW - United States -- Languages UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B328&rft.isbn=0160539366&rft.btitle=S.+356--Language+of+Government+Act%3A+hearings%2C+December+6%2C+1995+and+March+7%2C+1996&rft.title=S.+356--Language+of+Government+Act%3A+hearings%2C+December+6%2C+1995+and+March+7%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053936-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The right to own property: hearing, April 6-October 18, 1995, on S. 605, a bill to establish a uniform and more efficient federal process for protecting property owners' rights guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-17 S. hearing 104-535 AN - 59745266; 1997-0302340 AB - Examines protections against federal government takings of privately owned property; US. Creates administrative remedies for claims under the Endangered Species Act and wetlands provisions of the Clean Water Act, provides for arbitration, and provides that all awards or settlements for takings claims be paid out of agency budgets. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+402 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+402 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160529980 KW - Right of property -- United States KW - Expropriation -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- Fifth amendment KW - United States -- Jurisprudence KW - Property -- Valuation KW - Compensation (law) -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59745266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B402&rft.isbn=0160529980&rft.btitle=The+right+to+own+property%3A+hearing%2C+April+6-October+18%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+605%2C+a+bill+to+establish+a+uniform+and+more+efficient+federal+process+for+protecting+property+owners%27+rights+guaranteed+by+the+Fifth+Amendment&rft.title=The+right+to+own+property%3A+hearing%2C+April+6-October+18%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+605%2C+a+bill+to+establish+a+uniform+and+more+efficient+federal+process+for+protecting+property+owners%27+rights+guaranteed+by+the+Fifth+Amendment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052998-0) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International aviation relations: hearing, March 14, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-637 AN - 59744265; 1997-0313160 AB - Examines status of US bilateral aviation agreements with major trading partners, focusing on problems with Germany, Japan, and Great Britain, and ability of US carriers to compete in international markets. Some focus on progress of US Department of Transportation negotiations and policy. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+103 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+103 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538629 KW - Aviation -- International aspects KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Air transport -- International aspects KW - United States -- Transportation department KW - Air freight -- International aspects KW - Competition, International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59744265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B103&rft.isbn=0160538629&rft.btitle=International+aviation+relations%3A+hearing%2C+March+14%2C+1996&rft.title=International+aviation+relations%3A+hearing%2C+March+14%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053862-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Oregon Resources Conservation Act: hearings, April 12 and May 7, 1996, on S. 1662, to establish areas of wilderness and recreation in the state of Oregon, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-653 AN - 59744140; 1997-0201110 AB - Proposes designation of the Opal Creek area as a federally protected wilderness area, and transfer of 59,000 acres of forest land to Bureau of Indian Affairs to be held in trust for the Coquille tribe. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+165 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+165 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537355 KW - Indians -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Nature conservation -- United States -- Oregon KW - United States -- Indian affairs bureau KW - Wilderness areas -- United States -- Oregon KW - Oregon -- Environmental policy KW - United States -- Native races KW - Forest conservation -- United States -- Oregon UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59744140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B165&rft.isbn=0160537355&rft.btitle=Oregon+Resources+Conservation+Act%3A+hearings%2C+April+12+and+May+7%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1662%2C+to+establish+areas+of+wilderness+and+recreation+in+the+state+of+Oregon%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Oregon+Resources+Conservation+Act%3A+hearings%2C+April+12+and+May+7%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1662%2C+to+establish+areas+of+wilderness+and+recreation+in+the+state+of+Oregon%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053735-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1420, International Dolphin Conservation Program Act: hearing, April 30, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-630 AN - 59743883; 1997-0303050 AB - Standards for labeling of tuna as "dolphin-safe". JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+281 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+281 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160538033 KW - Environmental policy -- International cooperation KW - Fisheries -- International cooperation KW - Pacific ocean -- Environmental conditions KW - Fisheries -- Regulation KW - Tuna fish industry -- Environmental aspects KW - Marine mammals -- Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59743883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B281&rft.isbn=0160538033&rft.btitle=S.+1420%2C+International+Dolphin+Conservation+Program+Act%3A+hearing%2C+April+30%2C+1996&rft.title=S.+1420%2C+International+Dolphin+Conservation+Program+Act%3A+hearing%2C+April+30%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053803-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Market effects of federal farm policy: hearing, April 4, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-365 AN - 59743866; 1996-0815000 AB - How federal farm programs affect supply, demand, price, and competitiveness of American farm products on domestic and international markets. Some focus on ways to reduce government impacts on markets. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+91 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+91 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527805 KW - Agriculture -- Economic aspects KW - Agricultural products -- Price supports KW - Agricultural products -- Marketing KW - Agricultural products -- Export-import trade KW - Competition, International KW - United States -- Agricultural policy KW - Agriculture -- Subsidies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59743866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B91&rft.isbn=0160527805&rft.btitle=Market+effects+of+federal+farm+policy%3A+hearing%2C+April+4%2C+1995&rft.title=Market+effects+of+federal+farm+policy%3A+hearing%2C+April+4%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052780-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Broadcast spectrum and television standards: hearing, June 20, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-622 AN - 59743745; 1997-0201240 AB - Suggests ways in which radio frequency spectrum legislation can be reformed to allow for privatization of the spectrum and digital television transmission. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+128 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+128 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537991 KW - Privatization -- United States KW - Television -- United States KW - Broadcasting -- Economic aspects KW - Radio frequency allocation -- United States KW - Standardization -- Economic aspects KW - United States -- Technology policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59743745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B128&rft.isbn=0160537991&rft.btitle=Broadcast+spectrum+and+television+standards%3A+hearing%2C+June+20%2C+1996&rft.title=Broadcast+spectrum+and+television+standards%3A+hearing%2C+June+20%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053799-1) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Prospects for peace and democracy in Angola: hearings, March 12, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-460 AN - 59743351; 1996-0802730 AB - On the peace process between the dos Santos government and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), and on US policy in supporting it, as a follow-up to the Nov. 1994 Lusaka Protocol. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+59 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+59 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052735X KW - Democracy -- Angola KW - Peace -- Angola KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Angola KW - Angola -- Foreign relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59743351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B59&rft.isbn=016052735X&rft.btitle=Prospects+for+peace+and+democracy+in+Angola%3A+hearings%2C+March+12%2C+1996&rft.title=Prospects+for+peace+and+democracy+in+Angola%3A+hearings%2C+March+12%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052735-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National Fine Center: hearing, July 17, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-664 AN - 59742612; 1997-0102920 AB - Examines recommendations to discontinue the NFC project authorized in 1987 as an automated centralized database to collect criminal penalties, and implement alternatives for improving the accounting and collection of criminal debt; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+30 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+30 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537622 KW - Fines (penalties) -- United States KW - Criminal liability -- United States KW - Collection of accounts -- Information processing systems KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59742612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B30&rft.isbn=0160537622&rft.btitle=National+Fine+Center%3A+hearing%2C+July+17%2C+1996&rft.title=National+Fine+Center%3A+hearing%2C+July+17%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053762-2) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Defense of Marriage Act: hearing, July 11, 1996, on S. 1740, a bill to define and protect the institution of marriage T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-104-90 S. hearing 104-533 AN - 59742455; 1996-1017290 AB - To make clear that one state's definition of marriage need not be accepted by other states, to define the term "marriage" for purposes of federal law as meaning only the legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife, thus precluding any court from construing federal law as treating same-sex unions as a "marriage". JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+78 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+78 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052993X KW - Gay marriage -- Legal aspects KW - Husband and wife -- Legal aspects KW - Marriage law -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59742455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B78&rft.isbn=016052993X&rft.btitle=The+Defense+of+Marriage+Act%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1740%2C+a+bill+to+define+and+protect+the+institution+of+marriage&rft.title=The+Defense+of+Marriage+Act%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1740%2C+a+bill+to+define+and+protect+the+institution+of+marriage&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052993-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Hate Crimes Statistics Act: hearing, June 28, 1994, on the implementation and progress of the Hate Crimes Statistics Act (Public Law 101-275), focusing on law enforcement participation in the National Hate Crime Data Collection Project, a component of the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting program T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-103-63 S. hearing 103-1078 AN - 59742018; 1996-1011160 AB - Reviews state and local participation in federally mandated data collection about crimes motivated by prejudice; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+58 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+58 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160523923 KW - United States -- Race relations KW - Hate crimes -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Prejudice -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59742018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B58&rft.isbn=0160523923&rft.btitle=The+Hate+Crimes+Statistics+Act%3A+hearing%2C+June+28%2C+1994%2C+on+the+implementation+and+progress+of+the+Hate+Crimes+Statistics+Act+%28Public+Law+101-275%29%2C+focusing+on+law+enforcement+participation+in+the+National+Hate+Crime+Data+Collection+Project%2C+a+component+of+the+FBI%27s+Uniform+Crime+Reporting+program&rft.title=The+Hate+Crimes+Statistics+Act%3A+hearing%2C+June+28%2C+1994%2C+on+the+implementation+and+progress+of+the+Hate+Crimes+Statistics+Act+%28Public+Law+101-275%29%2C+focusing+on+law+enforcement+participation+in+the+National+Hate+Crime+Data+Collection+Project%2C+a+component+of+the+FBI%27s+Uniform+Crime+Reporting+program&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052392-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: hearing, August 2, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-333 AN - 59741835; 1996-1111380 AB - Examines leasing of the coastal plain of the refuge for oil and gas exploration and production, and the inclusion of leasing revenue in the budget reconciliation; impact on the environment and indigenous peoples. Focus on the 1002 area of ANWR. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+171 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+171 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052282X KW - Petroleum industry -- United States -- Alaska KW - Oil and gas leases -- United States -- Alaska KW - Petroleum industry -- Prospecting -- Environmental aspects KW - Environment -- United States -- Alaska KW - Arctic region -- Environmental conditions KW - Wildlife conservation -- United States -- Alaska KW - United States -- Native races KW - Oil well drilling -- Environmental aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59741835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B171&rft.isbn=016052282X&rft.btitle=Arctic+National+Wildlife+Refuge%3A+hearing%2C+August+2%2C+1995&rft.title=Arctic+National+Wildlife+Refuge%3A+hearing%2C+August+2%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052282-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Educational Satellite Loan Guarantee Program Act, and distance learning: hearing, April 24, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-548 AN - 59741596; 1996-1110950 AB - Examines role of technology in promoting education programs via satellite communication systems in remote rural areas, focusing on programs that meet people's needs, affordable access, flexibility, technical support, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+157 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+157 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160534402 KW - Education, Adult -- United States KW - United States -- Educational sector KW - Satellites -- Communication uses KW - Innovation in education -- United States KW - Distance education -- United States KW - Technological innovations -- Financial aspects KW - Rural education -- United States KW - Computer-assisted instruction -- United States KW - Education -- Communication systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59741596?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B157&rft.isbn=0160534402&rft.btitle=Educational+Satellite+Loan+Guarantee+Program+Act%2C+and+distance+learning%3A+hearing%2C+April+24%2C+1996&rft.title=Educational+Satellite+Loan+Guarantee+Program+Act%2C+and+distance+learning%3A+hearing%2C+April+24%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053440-2) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), diag(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Pending legislation on veterans health care: hearing, October 25, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-698 AN - 59741483; 1997-0511730 AB - Bills on funding, organization, and administration of Veterans Affairs Department medical services and research programs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+139 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+139 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539420 KW - United States -- Veterans affairs department KW - Veterans -- Medical care KW - United States -- Armed forces -- Medical and sanitary affairs KW - Veterans, Disabled -- Medical care KW - Medicine, Military -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59741483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B139&rft.isbn=0160539420&rft.btitle=Pending+legislation+on+veterans+health+care%3A+hearing%2C+October+25%2C+1995&rft.title=Pending+legislation+on+veterans+health+care%3A+hearing%2C+October+25%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053942-0) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - U.S.-EURATOM agreement for peaceful nuclear cooperation: hearing, February 28, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-481 AN - 59740855; 1996-1213990 AB - Examines agreement for cooperation in the peaceful uses of atomic energy, approved by the General Affairs Council of the European Union on Aug. 4, 1995, and by President Clinton on Nov. 1, 1995. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+443 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+443 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052797X KW - European atomic energy community KW - United States -- Treaties KW - Atomic power -- Treaties KW - European Union -- United States KW - Nuclear fuels -- Export-import trade KW - Atomic power -- International cooperation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59740855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B443&rft.isbn=016052797X&rft.btitle=U.S.-EURATOM+agreement+for+peaceful+nuclear+cooperation%3A+hearing%2C+February+28%2C+1996&rft.title=U.S.-EURATOM+agreement+for+peaceful+nuclear+cooperation%3A+hearing%2C+February+28%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052797-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Marine shrimp farming and aquaculture research: hearing, [February 16, 1996] T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-476 AN - 59740545; 1996-1009020 AB - Examines importance of marine and aquaculture industries, partnerships between private industry and government, and how research applied to high-technology processes, products, and services will enable the shrimp farming industry to expand and become more competitive; focuses on Mississippi. Some emphasis on environmental aspects. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+166 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+166 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527813 KW - Shrimp industry -- United States KW - Government-sponsored research -- United States KW - Shrimp industry -- Environmental aspects KW - Aquaculture -- United States KW - Marine resources -- United States KW - Mississippi -- Industries KW - Competition -- United States KW - Aquaculture -- Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59740545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B166&rft.isbn=0160527813&rft.btitle=Marine+shrimp+farming+and+aquaculture+research%3A+hearing%2C&rft.title=Marine+shrimp+farming+and+aquaculture+research%3A+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052781-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Air bag safety: hearing, March 7, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-571 AN - 59739773; 1996-1203800 AB - Examines effectiveness of air bags in preventing passenger car and light truck related deaths and injuries, focusing on fatalities to infants and small or elderly people. Some emphasis on importance of wearing seat and shoulder belts to maximize the safety benefits of air bags. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160535174 KW - Motor vehicles -- Safety measures KW - Air bag restraint systems -- United States KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Motor vehicles -- Seat belts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59739773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B84&rft.isbn=0160535174&rft.btitle=Air+bag+safety%3A+hearing%2C+March+7%2C+1996&rft.title=Air+bag+safety%3A+hearing%2C+March+7%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053517-4) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Accelerated Cleanup and Environmental Restoration Act: hearings, April 23-24, 1996, on S. 1285, a bill to reauthorize and amend the Comprehensive Environmental Recovery, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-645 AN - 59739443; 1997-0201270 AB - Discusses proposals for reform of the Superfund program, administered by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for cleanup of hazardous waste sites; some focus on liability relief for members of the business community. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. vi+903 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - vi+903 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160537703 KW - Environmental law -- United States KW - Pollution -- Liability KW - Hazardous waste sites -- United States -- Legislation KW - Hazardous wastes -- Liability KW - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation KW - United States -- Environmental protection agency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59739443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vi%2B903&rft.isbn=0160537703&rft.btitle=Accelerated+Cleanup+and+Environmental+Restoration+Act%3A+hearings%2C+April+23-24%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1285%2C+a+bill+to+reauthorize+and+amend+the+Comprehensive+Environmental+Recovery%2C+Compensation%2C+and+Liability+Act+of+1980%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Accelerated+Cleanup+and+Environmental+Restoration+Act%3A+hearings%2C+April+23-24%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1285%2C+a+bill+to+reauthorize+and+amend+the+Comprehensive+Environmental+Recovery%2C+Compensation%2C+and+Liability+Act+of+1980%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053770-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), diag(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conservation, wetlands, and farm policy: hearing, March 14, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-359 AN - 59738590; 1996-0708440 AB - Reviews proposal to adjust the Conservation Reserve program which protects the wetlands, to make it more cost-effective and to make the laws and regulations governing them more flexible. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+144 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+144 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525802 KW - Wildlife conservation -- United States KW - United States -- Agricultural policy -- Environmental aspects KW - Nature conservation -- United States KW - Soil conservation -- United States KW - Wetlands -- Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59738590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B144&rft.isbn=0160525802&rft.btitle=Conservation%2C+wetlands%2C+and+farm+policy%3A+hearing%2C+March+14%2C+1995&rft.title=Conservation%2C+wetlands%2C+and+farm+policy%3A+hearing%2C+March+14%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052580-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Trends in federal land ownership: hearing, February 6, 1996, to review trends in federal land ownership by the Department of the Interior and the U.S. Forest Service T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-423 AN - 59737880; 1996-0815160 AB - Some focus on land trades and other ways to limit new land acquisition and reduce federal commitments. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+70 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+70 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525616 KW - United States -- Interior department KW - United States -- Forest service KW - Land utilization -- United States KW - United States -- Land management bureau KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Public lands -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59737880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=Lollar&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=2004-03-23&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=C.1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Commercial+Appeal&rft.issn=07454856&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052561-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Abuses in federal student grant programs; proprietary school abuses: hearing, July 12, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-477 AN - 59737757; 1996-0814880 AB - Report of a federal investigation into Pell Grant program abuse by the IADE American Schools, for-profit vocational schools in the Los Angeles area; with extensive documentation; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. vii+247 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - vii+247 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527910 KW - Vocational education -- Government aid KW - Fraud -- United States -- California KW - College students -- Aid KW - Los Angeles metropolitan area -- Educational sector KW - Government investigations -- United States -- California UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59737757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii%2B247&rft.isbn=0160527910&rft.btitle=Abuses+in+federal+student+grant+programs%3B+proprietary+school+abuses%3A+hearing%2C+July+12%2C+1995&rft.title=Abuses+in+federal+student+grant+programs%3B+proprietary+school+abuses%3A+hearing%2C+July+12%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052791-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Hydrogen Future and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Commercialization Acts of 1995: hearing, March 20, 1996, on S. 1077, the Hydrogen Future Act of 1995; S. 1153, the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Commercialization Act of 1995; H.R. 655, the Hydrogen Future Act of 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-479 AN - 59737610; 1996-0814940 AB - Pros and cons of alternative bills intended to promote research aimed at the development of hydrogen as a commercial energy resource; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+58 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+58 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528054 KW - Hydrogen -- Research KW - United States -- Energy policy KW - Research and development -- United States KW - Power resources -- Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59737610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B58&rft.isbn=0160528054&rft.btitle=The+Hydrogen+Future+and+Hydrogen+Fuel+Cell+Commercialization+Acts+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+20%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1077%2C+the+Hydrogen+Future+Act+of+1995%3B+S.+1153%2C+the+Hydrogen+Fuel+Cell+Commercialization+Act+of+1995%3B+H.R.+655%2C+the+Hydrogen+Future+Act+of+1995&rft.title=The+Hydrogen+Future+and+Hydrogen+Fuel+Cell+Commercialization+Acts+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+20%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1077%2C+the+Hydrogen+Future+Act+of+1995%3B+S.+1153%2C+the+Hydrogen+Fuel+Cell+Commercialization+Act+of+1995%3B+H.R.+655%2C+the+Hydrogen+Future+Act+of+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052805-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), diag(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Saving lives: the need to increase organ and tissue donation: hearing, April 23, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-482 AN - 59737523; 1996-0903940 AB - Importance of public education and awareness in light of the reauthorization of the National Organ Transplant Patient Act; need for people who wish to become organ donors to inform their families. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+76 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+76 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528089 KW - Donation of organs, tissues, etc. -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Informed consent -- United States KW - Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59737523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B76&rft.isbn=0160528089&rft.btitle=Saving+lives%3A+the+need+to+increase+organ+and+tissue+donation%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1996&rft.title=Saving+lives%3A+the+need+to+increase+organ+and+tissue+donation%3A+hearing%2C+April+23%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052808-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Antitrust issues in relocation of professional sports franchises: hearing, November 29, 1995, to examine antitrust and competition issues involved in relocation by professional sports franchises, focusing on the degree and appropriateness of competition among cities and other local governments to attract and retain sports teams, the impact of the antitrust laws on the ability of sports leagues to control franchise movement, and whether a federal response is appropriate T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-58 S. hearing 104-552 AN - 59736857; 1996-1014730 AB - Emphasis on the National Football League (NFL). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+133 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+133 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160534488 KW - United States -- Business enterprises -- Regulation KW - United States -- Service sector KW - Trusts, Industrial -- Regulation KW - Professional sports -- Franchises -- Legal aspects KW - Football -- United States KW - Stadiums -- Finance KW - Trade marks and names -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59736857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B133&rft.isbn=0160534488&rft.btitle=Antitrust+issues+in+relocation+of+professional+sports+franchises%3A+hearing%2C+November+29%2C+1995%2C+to+examine+antitrust+and+competition+issues+involved+in+relocation+by+professional+sports+franchises%2C+focusing+on+the+degree+and+appropriateness+of+competition+among+cities+and+other+local+governments+to+attract+and+retain+sports+teams%2C+the+impact+of+the+antitrust+laws+on+the+ability+of+sports+leagues+to+control+franchise+movement%2C+and+whether+a+federal+response+is+appropriate&rft.title=Antitrust+issues+in+relocation+of+professional+sports+franchises%3A+hearing%2C+November+29%2C+1995%2C+to+examine+antitrust+and+competition+issues+involved+in+relocation+by+professional+sports+franchises%2C+focusing+on+the+degree+and+appropriateness+of+competition+among+cities+and+other+local+governments+to+attract+and+retain+sports+teams%2C+the+impact+of+the+antitrust+laws+on+the+ability+of+sports+leagues+to+control+franchise+movement%2C+and+whether+a+federal+response+is+appropriate&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053448-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Electric power industry: hearings: pt. 1, March 6 and 28, 1996, on competitive change in the electric power industry T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-557 (pt. 1) AN - 59736570; 1996-1208030 AB - Challenges of competitive change and deregulation; federal/state regulatory roles, stockholder and consumer interests, retail wheeling and stranded investment recovery, taxation, and other issues; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+297 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+297 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160534860 KW - United States -- Federal energy regulatory commission KW - Federal and state relations -- United States KW - Electric utilities -- Regulation KW - Electric power -- Marketing -- Regulation KW - United States -- Energy sector KW - Competition -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59736570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B297&rft.isbn=0160534860&rft.btitle=Electric+power+industry%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+1%2C+March+6+and+28%2C+1996%2C+on+competitive+change+in+the+electric+power+industry&rft.title=Electric+power+industry%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+1%2C+March+6+and+28%2C+1996%2C+on+competitive+change+in+the+electric+power+industry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053486-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Clean Water Act: municipal issues: hearing, December 13, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-518 AN - 59735887; 1996-1114740 AB - On reauthorization of the Act, focusing on the state revolving loan fund, the grant program, reform of stormwater permit requirements, and changes to the law with respect to combined sewer overflow. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+202 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+202 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160529417 KW - Water pollution -- Regulation KW - Federal and municipal relations -- United States KW - Sewage disposal -- United States KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Municipal services -- United States KW - Sanitation -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59735887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B202&rft.isbn=0160529417&rft.btitle=Clean+Water+Act%3A+municipal+issues%3A+hearing%2C+December+13%2C+1995&rft.title=Clean+Water+Act%3A+municipal+issues%3A+hearing%2C+December+13%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052941-7) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Farm programs: are Americans getting what they pay for? hearing, March 9, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-225 AN - 59735643; 1996-0606150 AB - Considers proposals related to the 1995 farm bill which involve cutting the agriculture budget by reducing price supports, export subsidies, and the nutrition program. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+108 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+108 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524083 KW - Nutrition -- United States KW - Agricultural products -- Export-import trade KW - Export-import trade -- Subsidies KW - United States -- Agricultural policy KW - Agriculture -- Subsidies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59735643?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B108&rft.isbn=0160524083&rft.btitle=Farm+programs%3A+are+Americans+getting+what+they+pay+for%3F+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.title=Farm+programs%3A+are+Americans+getting+what+they+pay+for%3F+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052408-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Retroactive taxation: hearing, August 4, 1994, on S.J. Res. 120, a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution prohibiting the imposition of retroactive taxes on the American people T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1080 Serial no. J-103-66 AN - 59735359; 1996-0606120 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+78 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+78 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052458X KW - Taxation -- United States KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Retroactive laws -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59735359?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B78&rft.isbn=016052458X&rft.btitle=Retroactive+taxation%3A+hearing%2C+August+4%2C+1994%2C+on+S.J.+Res.+120%2C+a+joint+resolution+proposing+an+amendment+to+the+Constitution+prohibiting+the+imposition+of+retroactive+taxes+on+the+American+people&rft.title=Retroactive+taxation%3A+hearing%2C+August+4%2C+1994%2C+on+S.J.+Res.+120%2C+a+joint+resolution+proposing+an+amendment+to+the+Constitution+prohibiting+the+imposition+of+retroactive+taxes+on+the+American+people&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052458-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The constitutional right to international travel: hearing, October 5, 1994, on the constitutional right to international travel, focusing on United States restrictions on travel to Cuba T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-103-75 S. hearing 103-1086 AN - 59735001; 1996-0802690 AB - Whether the right to travel should be governed by security issues or by reasonable government interest. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+134 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+134 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160526582 KW - Travel restrictions -- United States KW - Freedom of movement -- Legal aspects KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Cuba KW - Cuba -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- Fifth amendment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59735001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B134&rft.isbn=0160526582&rft.btitle=The+constitutional+right+to+international+travel%3A+hearing%2C+October+5%2C+1994%2C+on+the+constitutional+right+to+international+travel%2C+focusing+on+United+States+restrictions+on+travel+to+Cuba&rft.title=The+constitutional+right+to+international+travel%3A+hearing%2C+October+5%2C+1994%2C+on+the+constitutional+right+to+international+travel%2C+focusing+on+United+States+restrictions+on+travel+to+Cuba&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052658-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Duplication, overlap, and fragmentation in government programs: hearing, June 7, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-430 AN - 59734871; 1996-0900720 AB - Reviews findings of a study by the US General Accounting Office (GAO) of government agency spending patterns in various funding categories; seeks ways to reduce costs and improve services by consolidating similar functions. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+269 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+269 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525748 KW - Government agencies -- Reorganization KW - United States -- Executive departments KW - Efficiency, Administrative -- United States KW - Public administration -- United States KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures KW - United States -- Government and politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59734871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B269&rft.isbn=0160525748&rft.btitle=Duplication%2C+overlap%2C+and+fragmentation+in+government+programs%3A+hearing%2C+June+7%2C+1995&rft.title=Duplication%2C+overlap%2C+and+fragmentation+in+government+programs%3A+hearing%2C+June+7%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052574-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Human radiation experiments: hearing, March 12, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-588 AN - 59734781; 1996-1208050 AB - Examines progress made in implementation of recommendations designed to protect human research subjects, made by the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments in its final report, Oct. 1995. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+434 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+434 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160535867 KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Radiation -- Physiological effect KW - Medical ethics -- United States KW - Medical research -- Experimentation on humans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59734781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B434&rft.isbn=0160535867&rft.btitle=Human+radiation+experiments%3A+hearing%2C+March+12%2C+1996&rft.title=Human+radiation+experiments%3A+hearing%2C+March+12%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053586-7) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The congressional budget process: an explanation, December 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. print 104-70 Com. print AN - 59734548; 1997-0308130 AB - History, development, enforcement, and other aspects. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+57 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+57 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160539714 KW - United States -- Congress KW - Budget, Government KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59734548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B57&rft.isbn=0160539714&rft.btitle=The+congressional+budget+process%3A+an+explanation%2C+December+1996&rft.title=The+congressional+budget+process%3A+an+explanation%2C+December+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053971-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Situation in Bosnia: hearings, June 7-December 6, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-587 AN - 59734393; 1996-1207700 AB - Examines Clinton administration response to escalating ethnic conflict, focusing on plans for greater involvement of US military forces in support of a peace agreement. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+403 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+403 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160535913 KW - Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Government and politics KW - Peacekeeping forces -- Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - Ethnic conflict -- Bosnia-Herzegovina UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59734393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B403&rft.isbn=0160535913&rft.btitle=Situation+in+Bosnia%3A+hearings%2C+June+7-December+6%2C+1995&rft.title=Situation+in+Bosnia%3A+hearings%2C+June+7-December+6%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053591-3) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Global proliferation of weapons of mass destruction: hearings: October 31, 1995-March 27, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st and 2d sess. S. hearing 104-422 AN - 59734377; 1996-1014710 AB - Threat to US and international security posed by spread of atomic, biological, and chemical weapons, and weapons materials. Black market for nuclear materials and security problems in Russia and CIS nations; case study of the sarin gas attack on a Tokyo, Japan subway station by the Aum Shinrikyo cult. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - Chemical weapons KW - Biological weapons KW - Weapons of mass destruction KW - Atomic weapons KW - Terrorism -- Japan -- Tokyo, Japan KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Gases, Asphyxiating and poisonous KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59734377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cultural+and+Social+History&rft.issn=14780038&rft_id=info:doi/10.1191%2F1478003805cs029oa LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN v. 1, 0-16-052543-8; v. 2, 0-16-052968-9; v. 3, 0-16-053496-8) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), diag(s), chart(s), map(s), plan(s) N1 - SuppNotes - 3pts N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Superfund reassessment and reauthorization: hearings, April 27-May 11, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-279, pt. 2 AN - 59733173; 1996-0814750 AB - Retroactive liability, joint liability, role of state, local, and federal government, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. vii+1068 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - vii+1068 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052718X KW - Hazardous waste sites -- United States KW - State and local government relations -- United States KW - Federal and state relations -- United States KW - Pollution -- Liability KW - Hazardous wastes -- Liability KW - Pollution control in industry -- United States KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - United States -- Environmental protection agency UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59733173?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii%2B1068&rft.isbn=016052718X&rft.btitle=Superfund+reassessment+and+reauthorization%3A+hearings%2C+April+27-May+11%2C+1995&rft.title=Superfund+reassessment+and+reauthorization%3A+hearings%2C+April+27-May+11%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052718-X) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Update on U.S. policy toward Nigeria: hearing, May 15, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-495 AN - 59732874; 1996-1006120 AB - Encouraging the military government to reestablish civilian rule and respect human rights, role of economic sanctions, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+76 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+76 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528429 KW - Sanctions (international law) KW - Nigeria -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - Human rights -- Nigeria KW - Military government -- Nigeria KW - Embargo -- Nigeria KW - Nigeria -- Government and politics KW - Diplomacy -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Nigeria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B76&rft.isbn=0160528429&rft.btitle=Update+on+U.S.+policy+toward+Nigeria%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1996&rft.title=Update+on+U.S.+policy+toward+Nigeria%3A+hearing%2C+May+15%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052842-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Amateur Sports Act: hearing, October 18, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-451 AN - 59732582; 1996-0910200 AB - Examines amateur athletics as organized under the 1978 Act, focusing on mandate and activities of the US Olympic Committee (USOC). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+259 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+259 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160526574 KW - United States -- Service sector KW - Sports -- United States KW - Olympic games -- United States KW - Athletes -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B259&rft.isbn=0160526574&rft.btitle=Amateur+Sports+Act%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995&rft.title=Amateur+Sports+Act%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052657-4) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Oklahoma City bombing: hearing, [May 1, 1996] T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-337 AN - 59732533; 1996-0707310 AB - Examines ways to improve security at federal buildings nationwide, reduce risk to employees, and assist federal law enforcement agencies in fighting domestic and international terrorism. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+66 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+66 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522919 KW - Internal security -- United States KW - Government employees -- Security measures KW - Oklahoma City, Oklahoma KW - Government, Resistance to -- United States KW - Bombings (political) -- United States -- Oklahoma KW - Public buildings -- Security measures KW - Terrorism -- United States -- Oklahoma KW - Counterterrorism -- United States KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B66&rft.isbn=0160522919&rft.btitle=Oklahoma+City+bombing%3A+hearing%2C&rft.title=Oklahoma+City+bombing%3A+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052291-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Afghanistan: is there hope for peace? hearings, June 6-27, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-583 AN - 59732376; 1996-1205930 AB - Assesses the situation and US policy; need for a moderate government moving toward democracy and regional stability; impact of Afghan trained terrorists on US national security; problems with Pakistan, Russia, and Central Asian countries, humanitarian and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+265 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+265 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160535727 KW - Regional security -- Central Asia KW - Peace -- Afghanistan KW - Afghanistan -- Government and politics KW - Human rights -- Afghanistan KW - Terrorism -- International aspects KW - Afghanistan -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Afghanistan UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B265&rft.isbn=0160535727&rft.btitle=Afghanistan%3A+is+there+hope+for+peace%3F+hearings%2C+June+6-27%2C+1996&rft.title=Afghanistan%3A+is+there+hope+for+peace%3F+hearings%2C+June+6-27%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-053572-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Agricultural credit in the new century: hearing, March 31, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-364 AN - 59732172; 1996-0900760 AB - Overview of broad credit needs of agriculture, and ways to insure a stable supply of farm credit and avoid loan defaults; some discussion of effects of reduced federal subsidies on the value of farmland used for loan collateral. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+141 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+141 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160526868 KW - Agricultural debts -- United States KW - Agriculture -- Economic aspects KW - Agricultural credit -- United States KW - United States -- Agricultural policy KW - Agriculture -- Subsidies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732172?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B141&rft.isbn=0160526868&rft.btitle=Agricultural+credit+in+the+new+century%3A+hearing%2C+March+31%2C+1995&rft.title=Agricultural+credit+in+the+new+century%3A+hearing%2C+March+31%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052686-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1574, the HUBZone Act of 1996 revitalizing inner cities and rural America: hearing, March 21, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-480 AN - 59731674; 1996-0814720 AB - Examines proposal to offer government contract set-asides to businesses locating in Historically Underutilized Business Zones (HUBZones). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+40 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+40 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528046 KW - Government aid to business -- United States KW - United States -- Business enterprises KW - Redevelopment, Urban -- United States KW - Contracts, Government -- United States KW - Industrial promotion -- United States KW - Inner cities -- United States KW - United States -- Rural development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59731674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B40&rft.isbn=0160528046&rft.btitle=S.+1574%2C+the+HUBZone+Act+of+1996+revitalizing+inner+cities+and+rural+America%3A+hearing%2C+March+21%2C+1996&rft.title=S.+1574%2C+the+HUBZone+Act+of+1996+revitalizing+inner+cities+and+rural+America%3A+hearing%2C+March+21%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052804-6) N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Regulatory reform: hearings, February 7-March 8, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-419 AN - 59730677; 1996-0814970 AB - Discusses cost-benefit analysis, risk analysis, market incentives, regulatory accounting, and periodic review of existing regulations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+580 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+580 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525276 KW - Government regulation of business -- United States KW - Public administration -- United States KW - United States -- Public sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59730677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B580&rft.isbn=0160525276&rft.btitle=Regulatory+reform%3A+hearings%2C+February+7-March+8%2C+1995&rft.title=Regulatory+reform%3A+hearings%2C+February+7-March+8%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052527-6) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Propane Education and Research Act of 1996: hearing, April 16, 1996, on S. 1646, to authorize and facilitate a program to enhance safety, training, research and development, and safety education in the propane gas industry for the benefit of propane consumers and the public, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-449 AN - 59730460; 1996-0814820 AB - Authorizes producers and retailers of propane to establish an industry-funded independent research council; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+30 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+30 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160526523 KW - Propane -- Research KW - Trade associations -- United States KW - United States -- Industries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59730460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B30&rft.isbn=0160526523&rft.btitle=Propane+Education+and+Research+Act+of+1996%3A+hearing%2C+April+16%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1646%2C+to+authorize+and+facilitate+a+program+to+enhance+safety%2C+training%2C+research+and+development%2C+and+safety+education+in+the+propane+gas+industry+for+the+benefit+of+propane+consumers+and+the+public%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Propane+Education+and+Research+Act+of+1996%3A+hearing%2C+April+16%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1646%2C+to+authorize+and+facilitate+a+program+to+enhance+safety%2C+training%2C+research+and+development%2C+and+safety+education+in+the+propane+gas+industry+for+the+benefit+of+propane+consumers+and+the+public%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052652-3) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fair Labor Standards Act: the minimum wage: hearing, December 15, 1995, on examining proposed legislation to increase the federal minimum wage T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-315 AN - 59730406; 1996-1202310 AB - Whether or not to raise the federal minimum wage from $4.25 to $5.15 per hour; some focus on impact of a higher minimum wage on employment opportunities. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+62 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+62 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052251X KW - Unemployment -- United States KW - Wages and salaries -- United States KW - Minimum wage -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Labor policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59730406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B62&rft.isbn=016052251X&rft.btitle=Fair+Labor+Standards+Act%3A+the+minimum+wage%3A+hearing%2C+December+15%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+proposed+legislation+to+increase+the+federal+minimum+wage&rft.title=Fair+Labor+Standards+Act%3A+the+minimum+wage%3A+hearing%2C+December+15%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+proposed+legislation+to+increase+the+federal+minimum+wage&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052251-X) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Military capabilities and readiness: hearing, March 21, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-471 AN - 59730203; 1996-0910190 AB - Issues in armed forces status and planning, defense spending priorities, policy, and strategy. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+31 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+31 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527686 KW - Military strategy -- United States KW - United States -- Defenses -- Finance KW - Military planning -- United States KW - United States -- Military policy KW - Military readiness -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59730203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B31&rft.isbn=0160527686&rft.btitle=Military+capabilities+and+readiness%3A+hearing%2C+March+21%2C+1995&rft.title=Military+capabilities+and+readiness%3A+hearing%2C+March+21%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052768-6) N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Federal habeas corpus reform: eliminating prisoners' abuse of the judicial process: hearing, March 28, 1995, on S. 623, a bill to reform habeas corpus procedures, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-15 AN - 59729459; 1996-0815130 AB - Whether or not to limit appeals in capital cases; prisoners' rights vs. years of delays in carrying out sentences. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+227 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+227 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528143 KW - Prisoners -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Appellate procedure -- United States KW - Criminal procedure -- United States KW - Capital punishment -- United States KW - Legal rights -- United States KW - Habeas corpus -- United States KW - United States -- Judiciary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59729459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B227&rft.isbn=0160528143&rft.btitle=Federal+habeas+corpus+reform%3A+eliminating+prisoners%27+abuse+of+the+judicial+process%3A+hearing%2C+March+28%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+623%2C+a+bill+to+reform+habeas+corpus+procedures%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Federal+habeas+corpus+reform%3A+eliminating+prisoners%27+abuse+of+the+judicial+process%3A+hearing%2C+March+28%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+623%2C+a+bill+to+reform+habeas+corpus+procedures%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052814-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Balanced budget/unfunded mandates: hearing, January 3, 1995, on discussing Congress' consideration of a balanced budget amendment and to get suggestions and input from the public at large T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-2 S. hearing 104-461 AN - 59729361; 1996-1109110 AB - Proposed amendment to the US Constitution to require that federal income equal federal expenditures. Discusses potential cuts in Social Security, Medicare, and other programs; brief argument against state activities required to meet federal regulation, but not funded by the federal government. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+35 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+35 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527430 KW - Budget, Government KW - Deficit financing -- United States KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures KW - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59729361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B35&rft.isbn=0160527430&rft.btitle=Balanced+budget%2Funfunded+mandates%3A+hearing%2C+January+3%2C+1995%2C+on+discussing+Congress%27+consideration+of+a+balanced+budget+amendment+and+to+get+suggestions+and+input+from+the+public+at+large&rft.title=Balanced+budget%2Funfunded+mandates%3A+hearing%2C+January+3%2C+1995%2C+on+discussing+Congress%27+consideration+of+a+balanced+budget+amendment+and+to+get+suggestions+and+input+from+the+public+at+large&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052743-0) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The role of the American Bar Association in the judicial selection process: hearing, May 21, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-104-82 S. hearing 104-497 AN - 59729217; 1996-1114550 AB - Whether it is appropriate for the ABA to have a greater position in the nomination process of federal judges than any other interested group, in light of political positions it has taken. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+130 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+130 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528542 KW - Pressure groups -- United States KW - American bar association KW - Political questions and judicial power -- United States KW - Judges -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59729217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B130&rft.isbn=0160528542&rft.btitle=The+role+of+the+American+Bar+Association+in+the+judicial+selection+process%3A+hearing%2C+May+21%2C+1996&rft.title=The+role+of+the+American+Bar+Association+in+the+judicial+selection+process%3A+hearing%2C+May+21%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052854-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Role of radio in Africa: hearing, March 28, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-475 AN - 59728949; 1996-0909720 AB - Importance of Voice of America and BBC as major sources of news and reliable information on democracy, human rights, economic development, American trade, education, and other issues. As an alternative to state-controlled radio. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+65 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+65 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052783X KW - Radio -- News KW - Broadcasting -- Africa KW - Radio -- Africa KW - Africa -- Communications sector KW - British broadcasting corporation KW - Radio -- Government use KW - Voice of America UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59728949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B65&rft.isbn=016052783X&rft.btitle=Role+of+radio+in+Africa%3A+hearing%2C+March+28%2C+1996&rft.title=Role+of+radio+in+Africa%3A+hearing%2C+March+28%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052783-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The effect of the EEOC's proposed guidelines on religion in the workplace: hearing, June 9, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. Serial no. J-103-58 AN - 59728913; 1996-0700840 AB - Whether the guidelines violate constitutional protections of speech and religion, and whether they place an undue burden on employers. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+179 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+179 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052203X KW - Working conditions -- Regulation KW - Religious liberty -- United States KW - Employees -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - United States -- Constitution -- First amendment KW - Freedom of speech -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59728913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B179&rft.isbn=016052203X&rft.btitle=The+effect+of+the+EEOC%27s+proposed+guidelines+on+religion+in+the+workplace%3A+hearing%2C+June+9%2C+1994&rft.title=The+effect+of+the+EEOC%27s+proposed+guidelines+on+religion+in+the+workplace%3A+hearing%2C+June+9%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052203-X) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Global aviation challenges: Tokyo, Heathrow, and beyond: hearing, July 11, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-406 AN - 59728617; 1996-0803260 AB - Proposals for an effective US international aviation policy, in light of growth and expanding markets in passenger carriers and cargo freight. Some emphasis on getting foreign nations to respect the terms of US international aviation agreements. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+125 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+125 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524733 KW - Aviation -- International aspects KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Air transport -- International aspects KW - Air freight -- International aspects KW - Competition, International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59728617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B125&rft.isbn=0160524733&rft.btitle=Global+aviation+challenges%3A+Tokyo%2C+Heathrow%2C+and+beyond%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1995&rft.title=Global+aviation+challenges%3A+Tokyo%2C+Heathrow%2C+and+beyond%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052473-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hearing on spectrum reform, July 27, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-346 AN - 59728452; 1996-0605910 AB - Considers radio spectrum management and allocation; includes demonstrations of advanced wireless products and services. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+223 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+223 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160523028 KW - Telecommunications -- Regulation KW - Radio frequency allocation -- United States KW - United States -- Communications sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59728452?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B223&rft.isbn=0160523028&rft.btitle=Hearing+on+spectrum+reform%2C+July+27%2C+1995&rft.title=Hearing+on+spectrum+reform%2C+July+27%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052302-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Livestock Grazing Act: hearing, June 22, 1995, on S. 852, to provide for uniform management of livestock grazing on federal land, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-389 AN - 59728417; 1996-0607170 AB - On a bill which includes a grazing fee formula, requires a local Resource Advisory Council to manage each grazing area, and removes the national grasslands from the National Forest system. Bill proposed by Senator Pete V. Domenici. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+172 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+172 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524326 KW - Ranches -- United States KW - Grazing lands -- United States KW - Livestock industry -- United States KW - Land utilization -- United States KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Public lands -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59728417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B172&rft.isbn=0160524326&rft.btitle=Livestock+Grazing+Act%3A+hearing%2C+June+22%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+852%2C+to+provide+for+uniform+management+of+livestock+grazing+on+federal+land%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Livestock+Grazing+Act%3A+hearing%2C+June+22%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+852%2C+to+provide+for+uniform+management+of+livestock+grazing+on+federal+land%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052432-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Aviation safety: do unapproved parts pose a safety risk? T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-312 AN - 59728230; 1996-0606190 AB - Examines extent and gravity of safety problems due to unapproved or counterfeit aircraft parts, and effectiveness of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspections and enforcement. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+787 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+787 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522366 KW - Repair parts -- Quality control KW - Air transport -- Regulation KW - Air transport -- Safety measures KW - Airplanes -- Maintenance and repair KW - United States -- Federal aviation administration KW - Airplane parts industry -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59728230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B787&rft.isbn=0160522366&rft.btitle=Aviation+safety%3A+do+unapproved+parts+pose+a+safety+risk%3F&rft.title=Aviation+safety%3A+do+unapproved+parts+pose+a+safety+risk%3F&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052236-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1239, Air Traffic Management System Performance Improvement Act of 1995: hearing, September 27, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-493 AN - 59727555; 1996-0814850 AB - Discusses management, personnel and procurement reform, and ways to guarantee long-term financial viability in view of increasing demand and federal budget restrictions; Federal Aviation Administration. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+173 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+173 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528380 KW - Air traffic control -- United States KW - Air transport -- Regulation KW - Air transport -- Safety measures KW - United States -- Federal aviation administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59727555?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B173&rft.isbn=0160528380&rft.btitle=S.+1239%2C+Air+Traffic+Management+System+Performance+Improvement+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+September+27%2C+1995&rft.title=S.+1239%2C+Air+Traffic+Management+System+Performance+Improvement+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+September+27%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052838-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Is working America preparing for retirement? hearing, June 13, 1996, on examining the retirement pressures confronting today's lower and middle class workers T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-508 AN - 59727405; 1996-0914710 AB - Focuses on workers' income taxes, payroll taxes, wages, and special concerns of women, in light of an aging population; what the federal government can do to help families save for their retirement needs. Some emphasis on generational accounting, fiscal policy, and tax implications for future generations of Americans. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+72 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+72 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160528828 KW - Taxation -- United States KW - Retirement income -- United States KW - Age groups -- Economic aspects KW - Saving -- United States KW - Social and economic security -- United States KW - Women -- Economic conditions KW - Wages and salaries -- Tax aspects KW - Middle classes -- United States KW - United States -- Economic conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59727405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B72&rft.isbn=0160528828&rft.btitle=Is+working+America+preparing+for+retirement%3F+hearing%2C+June+13%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+the+retirement+pressures+confronting+today%27s+lower+and+middle+class+workers&rft.title=Is+working+America+preparing+for+retirement%3F+hearing%2C+June+13%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+the+retirement+pressures+confronting+today%27s+lower+and+middle+class+workers&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052882-8) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Corruption and drugs in Colombia: democracy at risk; a staff report, February 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. print 104-47 Com. print AN - 59727266; 1996-0608120 AB - Evaluates progress made by the Colombian government in 1995 in the war on drugs, and describes narco-corruption at high levels within the political system. Includes evidence that President Ernesto Samper received Cali cartel contributions. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. x+20 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - x+20 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160523877 KW - Colombia -- Government and politics KW - Corruption -- Colombia KW - Samper, Ernesto KW - Drug traffic -- Colombia KW - Public officials -- Corrupt practices UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59727266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=x%2B20&rft.isbn=0160523877&rft.btitle=Corruption+and+drugs+in+Colombia%3A+democracy+at+risk%3B+a+staff+report%2C+February+1996&rft.title=Corruption+and+drugs+in+Colombia%3A+democracy+at+risk%3B+a+staff+report%2C+February+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052387-7) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Cyberporn and children: the scope of the problem, the state of the technology, and the need for congressional action: hearing, July 24, 1995, on S. 892, a bill to amend Section 1464 of Title 18, United States Code, to punish transmission by computer of indecent material to minors T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-36 AN - 59726880; 1996-0609380 AB - Examines constitutionality of the "Protecting Children from Computer Pornography Act of 1995" which uses criminal sanctions to punish those in the computer communications industry who knowingly or willingly transmit indecent pornographic material to children. Whether the government should control pornography on the Internet, responsibility of parents to control their children's access to the Internet, best way to protect minors against offensive and inappropriate materials, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+191 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+191 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052623X KW - Obscenity -- United States KW - Censorship -- United States KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Children -- Crimes against KW - Pornography -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- First amendment KW - Computer networks -- Regulation KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - Internet -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59726880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B191&rft.isbn=016052623X&rft.btitle=Cyberporn+and+children%3A+the+scope+of+the+problem%2C+the+state+of+the+technology%2C+and+the+need+for+congressional+action%3A+hearing%2C+July+24%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+892%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Section+1464+of+Title+18%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+punish+transmission+by+computer+of+indecent+material+to+minors&rft.title=Cyberporn+and+children%3A+the+scope+of+the+problem%2C+the+state+of+the+technology%2C+and+the+need+for+congressional+action%3A+hearing%2C+July+24%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+892%2C+a+bill+to+amend+Section+1464+of+Title+18%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+punish+transmission+by+computer+of+indecent+material+to+minors&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052623-X) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Captive supplies, controlled markets and impact on consumers and producers: hearing, August 31, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-403 AN - 59726529; 1996-0611830 AB - Price control for cattle and calves by the top four meat packing companies, which control 80 percent of the market. Some focus on trading practices of the major packers on the commodity futures market. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+268 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+268 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524725 KW - Monopoly -- United States KW - Packing industry -- United States KW - Restraint of trade -- United States KW - United States -- Agricultural sector KW - Futures -- United States KW - Livestock industry -- Prices KW - Livestock industry -- Marketing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59726529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B268&rft.isbn=0160524725&rft.btitle=Captive+supplies%2C+controlled+markets+and+impact+on+consumers+and+producers%3A+hearing%2C+August+31%2C+1995&rft.title=Captive+supplies%2C+controlled+markets+and+impact+on+consumers+and+producers%3A+hearing%2C+August+31%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052472-5) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - International trustbusting--exchanging information with foreign antitrust authorities: hearing, August 4, 1994, on S. 2297, a bill to facilitate obtaining foreign-located antitrust evidence by authorizing the Attorney General of the United States and the Federal Trade Commission to provide, in accordance with antitrust mutual assistance agreements, antitrust evidence to foreign antitrust authorities on a reciprocal basis; and for other purposes T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1082 Serial no. J-103-69 AN - 59726411; 1996-0608070 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+69 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+69 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524946 KW - Monopoly -- Regulation KW - Business information -- International aspects KW - Trusts, Industrial -- International aspects KW - United States -- Justice department -- Antitrust division KW - United States -- Federal trade commission KW - Cartels -- International aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59726411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B69&rft.isbn=0160524946&rft.btitle=International+trustbusting--exchanging+information+with+foreign+antitrust+authorities%3A+hearing%2C+August+4%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+2297%2C+a+bill+to+facilitate+obtaining+foreign-located+antitrust+evidence+by+authorizing+the+Attorney+General+of+the+United+States+and+the+Federal+Trade+Commission+to+provide%2C+in+accordance+with+antitrust+mutual+assistance+agreements%2C+antitrust+evidence+to+foreign+antitrust+authorities+on+a+reciprocal+basis%3B+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=International+trustbusting--exchanging+information+with+foreign+antitrust+authorities%3A+hearing%2C+August+4%2C+1994%2C+on+S.+2297%2C+a+bill+to+facilitate+obtaining+foreign-located+antitrust+evidence+by+authorizing+the+Attorney+General+of+the+United+States+and+the+Federal+Trade+Commission+to+provide%2C+in+accordance+with+antitrust+mutual+assistance+agreements%2C+antitrust+evidence+to+foreign+antitrust+authorities+on+a+reciprocal+basis%3B+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052494-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - What regulatory reforms will help strengthen agriculture and agribusiness? hearing, February 14, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-408 AN - 59726326; 1996-0611680 AB - Reduction in government intervention in the agricultural sector through environmental and other regulations, in relation to drafting the 1995 farm bill. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+154 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+154 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524784 KW - Agriculture -- Economic aspects KW - Government regulation of business -- United States KW - Agriculture -- United States KW - Intervention (government) -- United States KW - United States -- Agricultural policy KW - Agriculture -- Environmental aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59726326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B154&rft.isbn=0160524784&rft.btitle=What+regulatory+reforms+will+help+strengthen+agriculture+and+agribusiness%3F+hearing%2C+February+14%2C+1995&rft.title=What+regulatory+reforms+will+help+strengthen+agriculture+and+agribusiness%3F+hearing%2C+February+14%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052478-4) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Revitalizing new product development from clinical trials through FDA review: hearing, February 21, 1996, on S. 1477, to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the Public Health Service Act to improve the regulation of food, drugs, devices, and biological products T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-444 AN - 59726182; 1996-0611300 AB - Legislative reforms to reduce the amount of time it takes the FDA to act on new product approval applications; some focus on role of product sponsors. Strengthens product review goals and deadlines, requires annual reports on FDA performance standards, increases access to experimental products and procedures, and establishes a collaborative clinical protocol design and review process between the FDA and sponsors of a new product. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+230 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+230 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160526280 KW - Medical technology -- Regulation KW - Drugs -- Testing KW - Clinical trials -- United States KW - Pharmaceutical research -- Regulation KW - Drugs -- Regulation KW - Medical research -- United States KW - United States -- Food and drug administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59726182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B230&rft.isbn=0160526280&rft.btitle=Revitalizing+new+product+development+from+clinical+trials+through+FDA+review%3A+hearing%2C+February+21%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1477%2C+to+amend+the+Federal+Food%2C+Drug%2C+and+Cosmetic+Act+and+the+Public+Health+Service+Act+to+improve+the+regulation+of+food%2C+drugs%2C+devices%2C+and+biological+products&rft.title=Revitalizing+new+product+development+from+clinical+trials+through+FDA+review%3A+hearing%2C+February+21%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+1477%2C+to+amend+the+Federal+Food%2C+Drug%2C+and+Cosmetic+Act+and+the+Public+Health+Service+Act+to+improve+the+regulation+of+food%2C+drugs%2C+devices%2C+and+biological+products&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052628-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Tax issues impacting small business: hearing, September 19-20, 1996 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-296 AN - 59725137; 1996-0700870 AB - Focuses on capital gains tax relief and rates, estate taxes, pension simplification, classification of independent contractors, increasing the expensing provision, and deductibility of health insurance; includes testimony of small business representatives and owners. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. v+288 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - v+288 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522986 KW - Pension funds and funding -- United States KW - Independent contractors -- Taxation KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Small business -- Taxation KW - Inheritance and transfer tax -- United States KW - Income tax -- Capital gains tax KW - United States -- Internal revenue service KW - Health insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59725137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=v%2B288&rft.isbn=0160522986&rft.btitle=Tax+issues+impacting+small+business%3A+hearing%2C+September+19-20%2C+1996&rft.title=Tax+issues+impacting+small+business%3A+hearing%2C+September+19-20%2C+1996&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052298-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Encouraging responsible fatherhood: hearing, May 23, 1996, on examining initiatives to encourage responsible fatherhood T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-474 AN - 59725077; 1996-0905620 AB - Importance of fathers as models of committed male behavior, emotional support, love, and discipline; role of state and federal government in development of fatherhood projects and mentoring programs for fatherless children. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+49 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+49 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527791 KW - Fathers -- United States KW - Child welfare -- United States KW - Father-separated children -- United States KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Abandoned children -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59725077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B49&rft.isbn=0160527791&rft.btitle=Encouraging+responsible+fatherhood%3A+hearing%2C+May+23%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+initiatives+to+encourage+responsible+fatherhood&rft.title=Encouraging+responsible+fatherhood%3A+hearing%2C+May+23%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+initiatives+to+encourage+responsible+fatherhood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052779-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Executive branch reorganization: hearings, May 17-18, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-433 AN - 59724756; 1996-0708340 AB - On general principles that should apply to a reorganization plan, and on specific proposals to consolidate and eliminate various departments and agencies and to privatize various functions. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+261 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+261 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525845 KW - Government agencies -- Reorganization KW - Efficiency, Administrative -- United States KW - Privatization -- United States KW - United States -- Executive departments -- Reorganization KW - Public administration -- Reorganization KW - Federal government -- Reorganization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59724756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B261&rft.isbn=0160525845&rft.btitle=Executive+branch+reorganization%3A+hearings%2C+May+17-18%2C+1995&rft.title=Executive+branch+reorganization%3A+hearings%2C+May+17-18%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052584-5) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Criminal debt collection efforts: hearing, July 19, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-373 AN - 59724103; 1996-0612670 AB - Examines efforts to establish the National Fine Center, a highly-automated and centralized facility to account for and receive criminal debt from 94 federal judicial districts; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+96 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+96 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160523818 KW - Courts -- United States KW - Fines (penalties) -- United States KW - Criminal liability -- United States KW - Collection of accounts -- Information processing systems KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59724103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B96&rft.isbn=0160523818&rft.btitle=Criminal+debt+collection+efforts%3A+hearing%2C+July+19%2C+1995&rft.title=Criminal+debt+collection+efforts%3A+hearing%2C+July+19%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052381-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Medical Records Confidentiality Act of 1995: hearing, November 14, 1995, on S. 1360, to ensure personal privacy with respect to medical records and health care-related information, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-320 AN - 59723989; 1996-0800630 AB - Reviews proposed legislation to protect the privacy of records and individuals' access to their records, and to develop a federal standard for handling identifiable health information. Some focus on present inconsistencies in state regulation, and the need for federal standards. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+165 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+165 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522501 KW - Federal and state relations -- United States KW - Hospital records -- Regulation KW - United States -- Health policy -- Legislation KW - Medical records -- Regulation KW - Privacy -- United States KW - Confidential communications -- United States KW - Information processing systems -- Security measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B165&rft.isbn=0160522501&rft.btitle=Medical+Records+Confidentiality+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+November+14%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+1360%2C+to+ensure+personal+privacy+with+respect+to+medical+records+and+health+care-related+information%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Medical+Records+Confidentiality+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+November+14%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+1360%2C+to+ensure+personal+privacy+with+respect+to+medical+records+and+health+care-related+information%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 01-6-052250-1) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Improvements in U.S. childhood immunization rates: special hearing, [September 7, 1995] T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-328 AN - 59723904; 1996-0703710 AB - Examines efforts to identify and reach underimmunized children at risk of disease, linking immunization services to the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) food program, and inability of states and cities to spend available federal funds. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+52 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+52 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522684 KW - Maternal and infant welfare -- United States KW - Vaccination and vaccines -- United States KW - Children -- United States KW - Child health -- United States KW - Intergovernmental fiscal relations -- United States KW - Public health -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B52&rft.isbn=0160522684&rft.btitle=Improvements+in+U.S.+childhood+immunization+rates%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Improvements+in+U.S.+childhood+immunization+rates%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052268-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Intentions and capabilities: estimates on Soviet strategic forces, 1950-1983 AN - 59723745; 1996-0805290 AB - Selected declassified US National Intelligence Estimates providing insight into US intelligence and foreign policy and Soviet and Russian history. Contents: The riddle inside the enigma: understanding Soviet strategic policy in the 1950s; Soviet strategic force development, 1960-72; Arms control, Soviet objectives, and force planning, 1968-83. JF - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, 1996. xxii+504 pp. AU - Steury, Donald P Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - xxii+504 PB - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540 KW - Soviet Union -- Armed forces KW - Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - Soviet Union -- Military policy KW - East and West KW - Soviet Union -- Defenses KW - United States -- Intelligence service KW - Military planning -- Soviet Union KW - Military strategy -- Soviet Union KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Soviet Union UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Steury%2C+Donald+P&rft.aulast=Steury&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xxii%2B504&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Intentions+and+capabilities%3A+estimates+on+Soviet+strategic+forces%2C+1950-1983&rft.title=Intentions+and+capabilities%3A+estimates+on+Soviet+strategic+forces%2C+1950-1983&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National Right to Work Act of 1995: hearing, March 15, 1996, on S. 581, to amend the National Labor Relations Act and the Railway Labor Act to repeal those provisions of federal law that require employees to pay union dues or fees as a condition of employment, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-454 AN - 59723558; 1996-0814800 JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+34 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+34 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160526744 KW - Labor conditions -- Legislation KW - Trade unions -- Regulation KW - Employees -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - United States -- Labor sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723558?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B34&rft.isbn=0160526744&rft.btitle=National+Right+to+Work+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+15%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+581%2C+to+amend+the+National+Labor+Relations+Act+and+the+Railway+Labor+Act+to+repeal+those+provisions+of+federal+law+that+require+employees+to+pay+union+dues+or+fees+as+a+condition+of+employment%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=National+Right+to+Work+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+15%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+581%2C+to+amend+the+National+Labor+Relations+Act+and+the+Railway+Labor+Act+to+repeal+those+provisions+of+federal+law+that+require+employees+to+pay+union+dues+or+fees+as+a+condition+of+employment%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052674-4) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Earned income tax credit: hearings, April 4-5, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-462 AN - 59723518; 1996-0811900 AB - Methods to combat fraud and abuse of the earned income tax credit (EITC), designed to help the working poor. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+317 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+317 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052749X KW - Income tax -- United States KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Tax credits -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B317&rft.isbn=016052749X&rft.btitle=Earned+income+tax+credit%3A+hearings%2C+April+4-5%2C+1995&rft.title=Earned+income+tax+credit%3A+hearings%2C+April+4-5%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052749-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1356, Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1995: hearing, November 1, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-455 AN - 59723189; 1996-0802650 AB - Legislation to eliminate the Federal Maritime Commission and transfer functions to the Department of Transportation, eliminate tariff enforcement and contract filing requirements, allow confidential service contracts, and otherwise reduce government regulation of ocean vessel operators. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+317 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+317 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527066 KW - Government agencies -- Reorganization KW - Government regulation of business -- United States KW - Shipping -- Regulation KW - Maritime industry -- United States -- Legislation KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - United States -- Executive departments -- Reorganization UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B317&rft.isbn=0160527066&rft.btitle=S.+1356%2C+Ocean+Shipping+Reform+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+November+1%2C+1995&rft.title=S.+1356%2C+Ocean+Shipping+Reform+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+November+1%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052706-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Condition of the armed forces and future trends: hearing, January 19, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-297 AN - 59721658; 1996-0600680 AB - Examines indications that the military services are overextended, underfunded, and losing their combat readiness; policy options. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+79 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+79 PB - Superintendent of Documents KW - United States -- Armed forces KW - Military administration -- United States KW - United States -- Defenses KW - United States -- Military policy KW - Military readiness -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59721658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Condition+of+the+armed+forces+and+future+trends%3A+hearing%2C+January+19%2C+1995&rft.title=Condition+of+the+armed+forces+and+future+trends%3A+hearing%2C+January+19%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The line-item veto: a constitutional approach: hearing, January 24, 1995, on S.J. Res. 2, a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to allow the president to veto items of appropriation, and S.J. Res. 16, a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to grant the president line-item veto authority T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Serial no. J-104-3 S. hearing 104-478 AN - 59720457; 1996-0812960 AB - Examines whether a constitutional amendment is necessary to give the president authority to veto or reduce individual items in a spending bill; discusses statutory alternatives; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+99 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+99 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527929 KW - Executive power -- United States KW - Executive-legislative relations -- United States KW - Budget, Government KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures KW - United States -- Constitution -- Amendments KW - United States -- President -- Veto UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59720457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B99&rft.isbn=0160527929&rft.btitle=The+line-item+veto%3A+a+constitutional+approach%3A+hearing%2C+January+24%2C+1995%2C+on+S.J.+Res.+2%2C+a+joint+resolution+proposing+an+amendment+to+the+Constitution+of+the+United+States+to+allow+the+president+to+veto+items+of+appropriation%2C+and+S.J.+Res.+16%2C+a+joint+resolution+proposing+an+amendment+to+the+Constitution+of+the+United+States+to+grant+the+president+line-item+veto+authority&rft.title=The+line-item+veto%3A+a+constitutional+approach%3A+hearing%2C+January+24%2C+1995%2C+on+S.J.+Res.+2%2C+a+joint+resolution+proposing+an+amendment+to+the+Constitution+of+the+United+States+to+allow+the+president+to+veto+items+of+appropriation%2C+and+S.J.+Res.+16%2C+a+joint+resolution+proposing+an+amendment+to+the+Constitution+of+the+United+States+to+grant+the+president+line-item+veto+authority&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052792-9) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The growth and role of the Chinese military: hearing, October 11-12, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-330 AN - 59720421; 1996-0600660 AB - Examines the People's Liberation Army (PLA) military modernization program, its increasing influence in domestic and foreign policy decision-making, and relationship with the Chinese Communist party leadership. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+124 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+124 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522870 KW - Communist party (China (People's Republic)) KW - China (People's Republic) -- Armed forces KW - China (People's Republic) -- Defenses KW - China (People's Republic) -- Government and politics -- Decision-making KW - Civil-military relations -- China (People's Republic) KW - Leadership -- China (People's Republic) KW - China (People's Republic) -- Foreign relations -- Decision-making KW - China (People's Republic) -- Military policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59720421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B124&rft.isbn=0160522870&rft.btitle=The+growth+and+role+of+the+Chinese+military%3A+hearing%2C+October+11-12%2C+1995&rft.title=The+growth+and+role+of+the+Chinese+military%3A+hearing%2C+October+11-12%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052287-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Oversight hearing on Amtrak, January 26, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-294 AN - 59720099; 1996-0605270 AB - Examines the proposed Amtrak restructuring plan to eliminate 21 percent of service, and the question of continuing federal support for the system. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+150 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+150 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160521939 KW - National railroad passenger corporation KW - Railroads -- Passenger service KW - Railroads -- Subsidies KW - United States -- Transportation sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59720099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B150&rft.isbn=0160521939&rft.btitle=Oversight+hearing+on+Amtrak%2C+January+26%2C+1995&rft.title=Oversight+hearing+on+Amtrak%2C+January+26%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052193-9) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Juvenile crime: breaking the cycle of violence: hearing, November 29, 1994, on finding some effective solutions to violence by juveniles and against juveniles T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1087 AN - 59718262; 1996-0811570 AB - Need for substance abuse counseling, family intervention, and other types of treatment. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+93 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+93 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527767 KW - Crime and criminals -- United States KW - United States -- Social conditions KW - Social service -- Work with youth KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Substance abuse KW - Youth and law -- United States KW - Juvenile delinquents -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59718262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B93&rft.isbn=0160527767&rft.btitle=Juvenile+crime%3A+breaking+the+cycle+of+violence%3A+hearing%2C+November+29%2C+1994%2C+on+finding+some+effective+solutions+to+violence+by+juveniles+and+against+juveniles&rft.title=Juvenile+crime%3A+breaking+the+cycle+of+violence%3A+hearing%2C+November+29%2C+1994%2C+on+finding+some+effective+solutions+to+violence+by+juveniles+and+against+juveniles&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052776-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1995: hearing, December 14, 1995, on S. 1271, to amend the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-402 AN - 59717731; 1996-0611440 AB - On a bill authorizing an interim storage facility for spent nuclear fuel at the Nevada test site. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+95 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+95 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524628 KW - Hazardous wastes -- Storage KW - Hazardous waste sites -- United States KW - Waste disposal in the ground -- United States KW - Radioactive waste disposal -- United States KW - Nuclear fuels -- Storage KW - United States -- Environmental policy -- Legislation KW - United States -- Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59717731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B95&rft.isbn=0160524628&rft.btitle=Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+December+14%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+1271%2C+to+amend+the+Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act+of+1982&rft.title=Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+December+14%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+1271%2C+to+amend+the+Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act+of+1982&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052462-8) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Briefing on F-16 shootdown in Bosnia and current operations: hearing, July 13, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-421 AN - 59717349; 1996-0600620 AB - Events surrounding loss of US Air Force jet fighter to Bosnian Serb missile; continuing NATO military operations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+58 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+58 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525535 KW - United States -- Air force -- Forces in Europe KW - Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Government and politics KW - North Atlantic treaty organization -- Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - Bosnia-Herzegovina -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Bosnia-Herzegovina KW - Ethnic conflict -- Bosnia-Herzegovina UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59717349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B58&rft.isbn=0160525535&rft.btitle=Briefing+on+F-16+shootdown+in+Bosnia+and+current+operations%3A+hearing%2C+July+13%2C+1995&rft.title=Briefing+on+F-16+shootdown+in+Bosnia+and+current+operations%3A+hearing%2C+July+13%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052553-5) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 219--Regulatory Transition Act of 1995: hearing, February 22, 1995, to ensure economy and efficiency of federal government operations by establishing a moratorium on regulatory rulemaking actions, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-372 AN - 59716009; 1996-0611940 AB - Economic, safety, legal, administrative, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+87 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+87 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160523826 KW - Public administration -- United States KW - Intervention (government) -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59716009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B87&rft.isbn=0160523826&rft.btitle=S.+219--Regulatory+Transition+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+February+22%2C+1995%2C+to+ensure+economy+and+efficiency+of+federal+government+operations+by+establishing+a+moratorium+on+regulatory+rulemaking+actions%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=S.+219--Regulatory+Transition+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+February+22%2C+1995%2C+to+ensure+economy+and+efficiency+of+federal+government+operations+by+establishing+a+moratorium+on+regulatory+rulemaking+actions%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052382-6) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Age discrimination in employment: amendments of 1995: hearing, March 8, 1996, on S. 553 and H.R. 849, to amend the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 to reinstate an exemption for certain bona fide hiring and retirement plans applicable to state and local firefighters and law enforcement officers, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-404 AN - 59715109; 1996-0612500 AB - Examines the merits of legislation to permit mandatory retirement in police and fire departments. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+98 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+98 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524830 KW - Police -- Retirement KW - Age and employment -- United States KW - Firefighters -- Retirement KW - United States -- Public sector KW - Discrimination in employment -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59715109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B98&rft.isbn=0160524830&rft.btitle=Age+discrimination+in+employment%3A+amendments+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+8%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+553+and+H.R.+849%2C+to+amend+the+Age+Discrimination+in+Employment+Act+of+1967+to+reinstate+an+exemption+for+certain+bona+fide+hiring+and+retirement+plans+applicable+to+state+and+local+firefighters+and+law+enforcement+officers%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Age+discrimination+in+employment%3A+amendments+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+March+8%2C+1996%2C+on+S.+553+and+H.R.+849%2C+to+amend+the+Age+Discrimination+in+Employment+Act+of+1967+to+reinstate+an+exemption+for+certain+bona+fide+hiring+and+retirement+plans+applicable+to+state+and+local+firefighters+and+law+enforcement+officers%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052483-0) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Private property rights and environmental laws: hearing, June 27 and July 12, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-299 AN - 59714356; 1996-0309130 AB - Examines the existing framework of current law for addressing private property interests, particularly the Just Compensation Clause of the Fifth Amendment and evaluates how pending proposals would supplement or alter the existing framework. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+235 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+235 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160521998 KW - Environmental law -- United States KW - United States -- Constitution -- Fifth amendment KW - Right of property -- Environmental aspects KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Compensation (law) -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59714356?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B235&rft.isbn=0160521998&rft.btitle=Private+property+rights+and+environmental+laws%3A+hearing%2C+June+27+and+July+12%2C+1995&rft.title=Private+property+rights+and+environmental+laws%3A+hearing%2C+June+27+and+July+12%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052199-8) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Filling the gap: can private institutions do it? hearing, March 26, 1996, on examining the capacity of American charitable organizations to fill the gap in the funding of certain social programs T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-472 AN - 59713000; 1996-0811200 AB - Examines appropriate roles for the government and for private sector charities and civic organizations in meeting the basic needs of the poor in light of proposed cuts to federal welfare programs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+67 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+67 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160527724 KW - Community funds -- United States KW - Social policy -- Economic aspects KW - Philanthropy -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Public welfare -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B67&rft.isbn=0160527724&rft.btitle=Filling+the+gap%3A+can+private+institutions+do+it%3F+hearing%2C+March+26%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+the+capacity+of+American+charitable+organizations+to+fill+the+gap+in+the+funding+of+certain+social+programs&rft.title=Filling+the+gap%3A+can+private+institutions+do+it%3F+hearing%2C+March+26%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+the+capacity+of+American+charitable+organizations+to+fill+the+gap+in+the+funding+of+certain+social+programs&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052772-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - National security implications of U.S. ratification of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty--START II: hearing, May 17, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-382 AN - 59711600; 1996-0601470 AB - Military implications of the US-Russia agreement on reduction of nuclear forces. Impact of political, economic, and military situation in Russia, US ability to verify and monitor the agreement, US atomic warfare strategy, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iii+46 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iii+46 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160524431 KW - Arms limitation -- Treaties KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Treaties -- Ratification KW - United States -- Defenses KW - Atomic weapons -- Treaties KW - United States -- Military policy KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Russian Federation KW - Strategic arms reduction treaty KW - Russian Federation -- Foreign relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59711600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B46&rft.isbn=0160524431&rft.btitle=National+security+implications+of+U.S.+ratification+of+the+Strategic+Arms+Reduction+Treaty--START+II%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1995&rft.title=National+security+implications+of+U.S.+ratification+of+the+Strategic+Arms+Reduction+Treaty--START+II%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052443-1) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - School bus safety issues: hearing, April 2, 1996, on examining defective handrails which have been found on school buses across the country, the need for a school bus specific commercial drivers license, and the use of public transportation by students T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-429 AN - 59710552; 1996-0709410 AB - Focus on fatal accidents to children caused by defective handrails. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1996. iv+123 pp. Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 EP - iv+123 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525721 KW - Accidents -- Prevention KW - Schools -- Transportation of pupils KW - Motor bus drivers -- Licensing KW - Mass transit -- Safety measures KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Transportation -- Safety measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59710552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iv%2B123&rft.isbn=0160525721&rft.btitle=School+bus+safety+issues%3A+hearing%2C+April+2%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+defective+handrails+which+have+been+found+on+school+buses+across+the+country%2C+the+need+for+a+school+bus+specific+commercial+drivers+license%2C+and+the+use+of+public+transportation+by+students&rft.title=School+bus+safety+issues%3A+hearing%2C+April+2%2C+1996%2C+on+examining+defective+handrails+which+have+been+found+on+school+buses+across+the+country%2C+the+need+for+a+school+bus+specific+commercial+drivers+license%2C+and+the+use+of+public+transportation+by+students&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052572-1) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Unveiling Indonesia: Indonesian holdings in the Library of Congress: a bibliography AN - 44009184; M184135 AU - Rony, A. K. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 EP - 2 vols. 2143 PB - Library of Congress KW - Indonesia KW - Libraries KW - Catalogues KW - Bibliography KW - LIB.CTL:Library collections; exhibitions of books UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/44009184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Rony%2C+A.+K.&rft.aulast=Rony&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2+vols.+2143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Unveiling+Indonesia%3A+Indonesian+holdings+in+the+Library+of+Congress%3A+a+bibliography&rft.title=Unveiling+Indonesia%3A+Indonesian+holdings+in+the+Library+of+Congress%3A+a+bibliography&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Government and politics T2 - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz T3 - Area Handbooks BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43990132; A193086 JF - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz AU - Hooglund, E. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 231 EP - 301 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office KW - Turkey - 1922-2000 KW - TUR.RPB.PLT.DOM:Turkey Domestic politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43990132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Government+and+politics&rft.au=Hooglund%2C+E.&rft.aulast=Hooglund&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The economy T2 - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz T3 - Area Handbooks BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43985631; A193010 JF - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz AU - Mohamedi, Fareed Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 147 EP - 230 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office KW - Turkey - 1922-2000 KW - Economics KW - TUR.RPB.ECO:Turkey Economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43985631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+economy&rft.au=Mohamedi%2C+Fareed&rft.aulast=Mohamedi&rft.aufirst=Fareed&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz T2 - Area Handbooks AN - 43983873; M192847 AU - Metz, Helen Chapin Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 455 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office KW - Turkey - 1922-2000 KW - Turkey - general KW - TUR.GTE:Turkey Geography&environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43983873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Metz%2C+Helen+Chapin&rft.aulast=Metz&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The society and its environment T2 - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz T3 - Area Handbooks BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43980363; A192905 JF - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz AU - Hooglund, E. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 71 EP - 145 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office KW - Turkey - 1922-2000 KW - TUR.RPB:Turkish Republic Social sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43980363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+society+and+its+environment&rft.au=Hooglund%2C+E.&rft.aulast=Hooglund&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - National security T2 - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz T3 - Area Handbooks BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43977049; A193185 JF - Turkey: a country study.5th ed. Ed. H.C.Metz AU - Tartter, J.R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 303 EP - 375 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office KW - Turkey - 1922-2000 KW - Military & strategic studies KW - TUR.RPB.PLT.FOR:Turkey Politics Foreign affairs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43977049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+security&rft.au=Tartter%2C+J.R.&rft.aulast=Tartter&rft.aufirst=J.R.&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.title=Turkey%3A+a+country+study.5th+ed.+Ed.+H.C.Metz&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Foreign relations of the United States, 1945-1950: emergence of the intelligence establishment T2 - Department of State publication AN - 39000076; 1560555 JF - Foreign relations of the United States, 1945-1950: emergence of the intelligence establishment AU - Thorne, C Thomas AU - Patterson, David S Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1148 EP - xxviii, 1148 PB - United States Government Printing Office SN - 0160452082 KW - Political Science KW - Intelligence services KW - History of international relations KW - U.S.A. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/39000076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/International+Bibliography+of+the+Social+Sciences+%28IBSS%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thorne%2C+C+Thomas%3BPatterson%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Thorne&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xxviii&rft.isbn=0160452082&rft.btitle=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1945-1950%3A+emergence+of+the+intelligence+establishment&rft.title=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1945-1950%3A+emergence+of+the+intelligence+establishment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - SuppNotes - Includes bibliographical references and index N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S.- Mexico trade: pulling together or pulling apart? AN - 38938981; 1576602 JF - Latin American research review Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 161 EP - 188 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0023-8791, 0023-8791 KW - Economics KW - Mexico KW - International trade KW - Trade relations KW - U.S.A. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38938981?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Latin+American+research+review&rft.atitle=U.S.-+Mexico+trade%3A+pulling+together+or+pulling+apart%3F&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Latin+American+research+review&rft.issn=00238791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 12847 12812; 6802 12812 6725 4025; 433 293 14; 251 293 14 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fluctuating asymmetry of chironomid larvae as an indicator of pesticide contamination in freshwater environments AN - 19767517; 5709109 AB - One of the most widespread organisms used in the analysis of water quality have been genera of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) which display a wide range of observable sub-lethal responses to environmental stresses. These include reduction in larval growth (Kosalwat and Knight, 1987), changes in patterns of adult emergence (McCahon and Pascoe, 1991) and increased frequency of structural deformities in the antennae and head capsule of larvae (e.g., Hamilton and Saether, 1971; Hare and Carter, 1976; Wiederholm, 1984; Warwick, 1985; 1989). The incidence of larval deformities appears to be a widespread phenomenon occurring in a wide variety of chironomid genera, both free-living and tubiferous in the benthos, in response to a variety of stresses (Wiederholm, 1984; Warwick, 1989). A considerable database on types of deformities correlated with different types of stress has been assembled and a number of index systems have been developed for use in biomonitoring programs (Warwick, 1985). This technique has gained wide acceptance among environmental agencies throughout the world, primarily because it is sensitive, relatively simple and inexpensive, and has been used often in environmental assessment programs. JF - Chironomids: From Genes to Ecosystems AU - Clarke, G M AU - Arthington, AH AU - Pusey, B J A2 - Cranston, P (ed) Y1 - 1996///0, PY - 1996 DA - 0, 1996 SP - 9 EP - 109 PB - Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO Information Services Branch, P.O. Box 19 Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia SN - 0643056564 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Ecosystems KW - Contamination KW - Freshwater KW - Ecological Effects KW - Water quality KW - Water analysis KW - Pollution indicators KW - Aquatic insects KW - Bioindicators KW - Head KW - Freshwater environments KW - Water Quality KW - Larvae KW - Stress KW - Inland water environment KW - Databases KW - environmental stress KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Emergence KW - Diptera KW - Abnormalities KW - Benthos KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Chironomidae KW - Larval development KW - Antennae KW - Midges KW - Computer programs KW - Genes KW - biomonitoring KW - environmental assessment KW - Environmental stress KW - Fluctuating asymmetry KW - Environmental assessment KW - Insect larvae KW - Sublethal effects KW - Pesticides KW - Zoobenthos KW - Z 05300:General KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q1 08304:Reproduction and development KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/19767517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Clarke%2C+G+M%3BArthington%2C+AH%3BPusey%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=0643056564&rft.btitle=Fluctuating+asymmetry+of+chironomid+larvae+as+an+indicator+of+pesticide+contamination+in+freshwater+environments&rft.title=Fluctuating+asymmetry+of+chironomid+larvae+as+an+indicator+of+pesticide+contamination+in+freshwater+environments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2005-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Lipid biomarkers for bacterial ecosystems: Studies of cultured organisms, hydrothermal environments and ancient sediments AN - 17123918; 4431300 AB - This paper forms part of our long-term goal of using molecular structure and carbon isotopic signals preserved as hydrocarbons in ancient sediments to improve understanding of the early evolution of Earth's surface environment. We are particularly concerned with biomarkers which are informative about aerobiosis. Here, we combine bacterial biochemistry with the organic geochemistry of contemporary and ancient hydrothermal ecosystems to construct models for the nature, behaviour and preservation potential of primitive microbial communities. We use a combined molecular and isotopic approach to characterize lipids produced by cultured bacteria and test a variety of culture conditions which affect their biosynthesis. This information is then compared with lipid mixtures isolated from contemporary hot springs and evaluated for the kinds of chemical change that would accompany burial and incorporation into the sedimentary record. In this study we have shown that growth temperature does not appear to alter isotopic fractionation within the lipid classes produced by a methanotropic bacterium. We also found that cultured cyanobacteria biosynthesize diagnostic methylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with the latter only made when growing under low pCO sub(2). In an examination of a microbial mat sample from Octopus Spring, Yellowstone National Park (USA), we could readily identify chemical structures with super(13)C contents which were diagnostic for the phototrophic organisms such as cyanobacteria and Chloroflexus. We could not, however, find molecular evidence for operation of a methane cycle in the particular mat samples we studied. JF - EVOLUTION OF HYDROTHERMAL ECOSYSTEMS ON EARTH (AND MARS?) AU - Summons, R E AU - Jahnke, L L AU - Simoneit, BRT A2 - Bock, GR A2 - Goode, JA (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 EP - 194 PB - John Wiley & Sons, [URL:http://www.wiley.co.ukhttp://www.wiley.com] SN - 047196509X KW - Bacteria KW - Microorganisms KW - USA, Yellowstone National Park KW - hot springs KW - hydrocarbons KW - lipids KW - microbial mats KW - phototrophic organisms KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Molecular structure KW - Ecosystems KW - Biochemistry KW - Lipids KW - National parks KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Yellowstone Natl. Park KW - Hydrothermal springs KW - Isotope studies KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Geochemistry KW - Sediments KW - Hydrothermal studies KW - Microbiology KW - Cultures KW - Cyanophyta KW - J 02731:Lipids KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17123918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Bacteriology+Abstracts+%28Microbiology+B%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Summons%2C+R+E%3BJahnke%2C+L+L%3BSimoneit%2C+BRT&rft.aulast=Summons&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=174&rft.isbn=047196509X&rft.btitle=Lipid+biomarkers+for+bacterial+ecosystems%3A+Studies+of+cultured+organisms%2C+hydrothermal+environments+and+ancient+sediments&rft.title=Lipid+biomarkers+for+bacterial+ecosystems%3A+Studies+of+cultured+organisms%2C+hydrothermal+environments+and+ancient+sediments&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Chiba Foundation Symposium 202 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in lymphocyte phenotype and function in children with shigellosis who develop complications AN - 17088967; 3896489 AB - This study was designed to see whether alterations occur in peripheral blood mononuclear cell phenotype and function in children with Shigella dysenteriae 1 infection with complications (leukemoid reaction and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome) and whether there are any alterations prior to the development of complications. The following groups of children (ages, 12 to 60 months) were compared: children without any infection (n = 51), children with uncomplicated shigellosis (n = 65), children admitted with complicated shigellosis (leukemoid reaction and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome) (n = 29), and children with shigellosis who developed complications after enrollment (subsequently complicated shigellosis) (n = 12). Tests for the peripheral blood mononuclear cell phenotype (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD20, and CD25), spontaneous proliferation, and the proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, and the lipopolysaccharide of S. dysenteriae 1 were performed, as were skin tests for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). Children who subsequently developed complications differed from other groups of children as follows: (i) the numbers of CD3 super(+) and CD4 super(+) cells were lower than in uninfected children (P < 0.05), (ii) the CD4/CD8 ratio was lower than in children with uncomplicated shigellosis (P < 0.05) and in uninfected children (P < 0.05), and (iii) the levels of spontaneous proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were higher and DTH responses were lower than those in children with uncomplicated shigellosis (P < 0.05 and P < 0.017, respectively). Children with complications differed by having (i) increased numbers of CD3 super(-) CD16 super(-) CD20 super(-) cells (P < 0.05) compared with those in other groups of children and (ii) lower CD4/CD8 ratios (P < 0.05), higher levels of spontaneous proliferation (P < 0.05), and lower DTH responses (P = 0.005) than children with uncomplicated shigellosis. Three to five days after enrollment, the number of CD4 super(+) cells increased in children who subsequently developed complications (P = 0.025), i.e., when they developed complications and at this time their CD4 super(+) cell number was similar to that of other groups of children. Thus, lymphocyte phenotype and function are altered prior to the development of complications in children with shigellosis, and once complications develop, the pattern of alterations changes. Whether these alterations have a role in precipitating complications or whether they reflect early events underlying the development of complications remains to be elucidated. JF - Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology AU - Azim, T AU - Sarker AU - Hamadani, J AU - Khanum, N AU - Halder, R C AU - Salam, MA AU - Albert, MJ AD - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 191 EP - 196 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1071-412X, 1071-412X KW - Immunology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - lymphocytes KW - shigellosis KW - children KW - function KW - Shigella dysenteriae KW - phenotypes KW - F 06801:Bacteria KW - J 02833:Immune response and immune mechanisms KW - F 06742:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17088967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+lymphocyte+phenotype+and+function+in+children+with+shigellosis+who+develop+complications&rft.au=Azim%2C+T%3BSarker%3BHamadani%2C+J%3BKhanum%2C+N%3BHalder%2C+R+C%3BSalam%2C+MA%3BAlbert%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Azim&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+Diagnostic+Laboratory+Immunology&rft.issn=1071412X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Shigella dysenteriae; shigellosis; lymphocytes; phenotypes; function; children ER - TY - RPRT T1 - CMSS tutorial book AN - 17085761; 3899558 AB - This book is designed to assist users of the Catchment Management Support System (CMSS) software set up CMSS for their catchment. A major component of any CMSS application is the data-acquisition phase. This includes gathering spatial information such as stream network, land use, and land capability. It also includes determining nutrient export rates from those land uses, and specifying the management practices currently being employed or considered for those land uses within the catchment. Once all these data are collected, they are entered into CMSS and predictions of nutrient loads for the catchment can be made. Using the CMSS software is very easy and guidance is available via workshops and the CMSS Users Manual. Gathering the preliminary data for input to CMSS is more difficult and involves collecting and interpreting data from many sources, including local landholders and representatives of government agencies. This Tutorial Book describes how to go about gathering these data based on the authors' experiences with applying CMSS to many catchments within Australia. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA, ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Davis, R AU - Young, B AU - Cuddy, S Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA, ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - networks KW - computer programs KW - computers KW - books KW - land management KW - streams KW - land use KW - catchment areas KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17085761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Davis%2C+R%3BYoung%2C+B%3BCuddy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058516&rft.btitle=CMSS+tutorial+book&rft.title=CMSS+tutorial+book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Plus 1 map insert. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The salt-tolerant grasses puccinellia (Puccinellia spp.) and tall wheat grass (Agropyron elongatum): A literature survey of their salt tolerance, establishment, water use, and productivity AN - 17075627; 3895604 AB - A major management option proposed for areas affected by dryland salinity in southern Australia is to grow the grass species tall wheat grass (Agropyron elongatum) and puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata). They are particularly useful in higher rainfall regions (>400 mm/yr) where year-round moistness of saline areas precludes the use of saltbush (Atriplex) and bluebush (Maireana) species. The success of tall wheat grass and puccinellia will depend on the selection of species/genotypes which can tolerate the salinity and water availability conditions of the region. In this report we review the available literature on salt tolerance and water use of these grasses and highlight further information required for their successful growth. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Jarwal, S D AU - Jolly, I D AU - Kennett-Smith, A K Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Australia, south KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water use KW - salt tolerance KW - grasses KW - wheatgrasses KW - plant growth KW - available water KW - planting management KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17075627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jarwal%2C+S+D%3BJolly%2C+I+D%3BKennett-Smith%2C+A+K&rft.aulast=Jarwal&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058575&rft.btitle=The+salt-tolerant+grasses+puccinellia+%28Puccinellia+spp.%29+and+tall+wheat+grass+%28Agropyron+elongatum%29%3A+A+literature+survey+of+their+salt+tolerance%2C+establishment%2C+water+use%2C+and+productivity&rft.title=The+salt-tolerant+grasses+puccinellia+%28Puccinellia+spp.%29+and+tall+wheat+grass+%28Agropyron+elongatum%29%3A+A+literature+survey+of+their+salt+tolerance%2C+establishment%2C+water+use%2C+and+productivity&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Soil survey of the Yampi Sound Training Area AN - 17074757; 3895605 AB - A soil survey was conducted of the Yampi Sound Training Area in the Kimberley area of Western Australia in association with a vegetation survey. The soils were mapped by reference to mapped information on geological formations, classification of imaged airborne gamma-radiation data, and classification of a digital elevation map. Soil properties were determined by sampling 4 profile depths at 87 sites and measuring 6 properties for each sample. Sampling was based on geologically and radiometrically defined soil provinces, with the major vegetation patterns given by a land cover map derived from satellite imagery. The relevance of the mapped soil provinces to land use is discussed and a land suitability map of 6 classes is derived. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Tunstall, B R AU - Marks, A S AU - Powell, N R Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Australia, Western Australia, Yampi Sound KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - sampling KW - soil properties KW - soil surveys KW - geologic formations KW - vegetation KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17074757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Tunstall%2C+B+R%3BMarks%2C+A+S%3BPowell%2C+N+R&rft.aulast=Tunstall&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058974&rft.btitle=Soil+survey+of+the+Yampi+Sound+Training+Area&rft.title=Soil+survey+of+the+Yampi+Sound+Training+Area&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Pilot study into sediment tracing in the Cimanuk catchment, Java AN - 17074726; 3895603 AB - This report details preliminary results from 14 samples collected in Indonesia by R.J. Wasson in November 1995. Major element geochemistry, magnetic minerals, and the use of fallout super(137)Cs have all been assessed. Preliminary results indicate that both mineral magnetics and major element geochemistry may be useful for distinguishing sediments derived from various parts of the Cimanuk catchment. Detectable concentrations of super(137)Cs are present in the samples, suggesting that super(137)Cs may be useful for distinguishing between subsoil and topsoil sources; however, concentrations are low and more analyses are required to properly assess this. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Olley, J M AU - Caitcheon, G G Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Indonesia, Java, Cimanuk catchment KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - cesium radioisotopes KW - sediment transport KW - tracers KW - sediments KW - fallout KW - geochemistry KW - minerals KW - catchment areas KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17074726?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Olley%2C+J+M%3BCaitcheon%2C+G+G&rft.aulast=Olley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058982&rft.btitle=Pilot+study+into+sediment+tracing+in+the+Cimanuk+catchment%2C+Java&rft.title=Pilot+study+into+sediment+tracing+in+the+Cimanuk+catchment%2C+Java&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Automated colorimetric determination of nitrate-nitrogen and ammonium-nitrogen in water and soil samples AN - 17073402; 3895601 AB - This report is presented in two parts. Part 1 describes a semi-automated method developed for the determination of nitrate-N which is run from a computer program set up in MS DOS. The method is based on Downes' (1978) automated procedure where nitrate is reduced to nitrite with hydrazine sulphate under alkaline conditions in the presence of a Cu super(2+)/Zn super(2+) catalyst. The method is suitable for both water and alkaline soil samples and compares favourably with the automated cadmium technique used at the CSIRO Division of Forestry chemistry laboratory in Mount Gambier, S.A. The method is linear at nitrate concentrations of 0.2 to 3.0 mg nitrate-N per litre. The standard deviation of samples containing 2 mg NO sub(3)-N per litre was 0.09 mg N per litre. Part 2 is a brief description of an ammonium-N determination method. This method is also run from a computer program set up in MS DOS and was based on the automated method of Stainton et al. (1977) using the phenol-hypochlorite reaction. The method is linear at concentrations of 0.1 to 2.5 mg ammonium-N per litre and is able to be used for both water and soil samples. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Barry, K Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT, 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - MS DOS KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - computer programs KW - ammonium KW - automation KW - analytical methods KW - nitrates KW - water analysis KW - soil analysis KW - nitrogen KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17073402?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Barry%2C+K&rft.aulast=Barry&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058990&rft.btitle=Automated+colorimetric+determination+of+nitrate-nitrogen+and+ammonium-nitrogen+in+water+and+soil+samples&rft.title=Automated+colorimetric+determination+of+nitrate-nitrogen+and+ammonium-nitrogen+in+water+and+soil+samples&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of diet on the lipid composition of wild and cultured abalone AN - 17072967; 3894581 AB - Foot-muscle tissue from wild-caught adults of the two main commercial species of Australian abalone, Haliotis laevigata and H. rubra, were analysed for fatty acid and sterol composition. Foot muscle tissue from juvenile H. laevigata and hybrid H. laevigata x H. rubra fed an artificial diet was compared with that of juvenile H. laevigata fed the green alga Ulva australis. The major fatty acids in all samples of muscle were 16:0, 18:0, 18:1(n-9), 18:1(n-7), 20:4(n-6), 20:5(n-3) and 22:5(n-3). The abundance of 22:5(n-3) is unusual as most marine animals have much more 22:6(n-3). The muscle of juvenile abalone fed an artificial diet high in total lipids and 18:2(n-6) contained elevated total lipid levels and elevated levels of 18:2(n-6) and 20:2(n-6). The muscle of abalone fed U. australis, which was high in C16 and C18(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), contained elevated proportions of their chain-elongation products C20 and C22(n-3) PUFA, which is similar to wild-caught adult abalone. The major sterol in all samples of abalone muscle was cholesterol, irrespective of diet. The muscle of juvenile H. laevigata fed an artificial diet high in 24-methylcholest-5-enol and 24-ethylcholest-5-enol contained elevated proportions of these sterols compared with the muscle of juveniles fed U. australis and wild-caught adult abalone. Observed differences in fatty acid and sterol compositions were attributed to the accumulation of lipid in the foot muscle of abalone fed an artificial diet. JF - Aquaculture AU - Dunstan, G A AU - Baillie, HJ AU - Barrett, S M AU - Volkman, J K AD - CSIRO Division of Oceanography, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 115 EP - 127 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 140 IS - 1-2 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - body conditions KW - fatty acids KW - Haliotis laevigata KW - mollusc culture KW - sterols KW - Haliotis rubra KW - feed KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17072967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Effect+of+diet+on+the+lipid+composition+of+wild+and+cultured+abalone&rft.au=Dunstan%2C+G+A%3BBaillie%2C+HJ%3BBarrett%2C+S+M%3BVolkman%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Dunstan&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - body conditions; fatty acids; mollusc culture; sterols; feed; Haliotis laevigata; Haliotis rubra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstration of a lack of synergistic effect of rotavirus with other diarrheal pathogens on severity of diarrhea in children AN - 17068927; 3891868 AB - The severity of group A rotavirus (RV) diarrhea was compared with that of mixed infections of RV with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae O1, and Shigella species by a scoring system. The severity of mixed infections of RV and E. coli was the same as that of infections with RV alone. RV infections mixed with V. cholerae and Shigella species mimicked cholera and shigellosis, respectively. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Unicomb, LE AU - Faruque, S M AU - Malek, MA AU - Faruque, ASG AU - Albert, MJ AD - Lab. Sci. Div., ICDDR, B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh, FRG Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1340 EP - 1342 VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - diarrhea KW - rotavirus KW - children KW - Shigella KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - Escherichia coli KW - man KW - V 22122:Symptomatology, pathology & etiology KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17068927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Demonstration+of+a+lack+of+synergistic+effect+of+rotavirus+with+other+diarrheal+pathogens+on+severity+of+diarrhea+in+children&rft.au=Unicomb%2C+LE%3BFaruque%2C+S+M%3BMalek%2C+MA%3BFaruque%2C+ASG%3BAlbert%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Unicomb&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1340&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rotavirus; Escherichia coli; Vibrio cholerae; Shigella; diarrhea; children; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Unification of the genera Deleya (Baumann et al. 1983), Halomonas (Vreeland et al. 1980), and Halovibrio (Fendrich 1988) and the species Paracoccus halodenitrificans into a single genus, Halomonas, and placement of the genus Zymobacter in the family Halomonadaceae AN - 17067098; 3892163 AB - We determined the 16S rRNA sequences of the type strains of species belonging to the genera Deleya and Halomonas for which no sequence data were available previously. We also determined the 16S rRNA sequence of ACAM 21, a representative strain of a biovar of Halomonas subglaciescola. The members of the genera Deleya, Halomonas, and Halovibrio and the misnamed organism Paracoccus halodenitrificans formed a monophyletic group within the gamma subclass of the Proteobacteria. The 16S rRNA sequences of the members of this group contained all of the signature features previously identified as characteristic of the group. The frequency of occurrence of these signature features among other members of the gamma subclass has remained stable during the expansion of the database of rRNA sequences. The levels of 16S rRNA sequence similarity between members of the species belonging to the genera Deleya, Halomonas, and Halovibrio and the misnamed organism P. halodenitrificans ranged from 91.5 to 100%; however, the level of sequence similarity for members of well-resolved monophyletic subgroups which might represent separate genera was 98%. At a sequence similarity level of 98% 10 subgroups were resolved, but these groups could not be differentiated on the basis of chemotaxonomic or phenotypic characteristics. In this paper we propose that members of the genera Deleya, Halomonas, and Halovibrio should be placed in a single genus, the genus Halomonas, and we emend the description of this genus. The resulting new combinations are Halomonas aquamarina (Deleya aquamarina Akagawa and Yamasato 1989), Halomonas variabilis (Halovibrio variabilis Fendrich 1988), Halomonas venusta (Deleya venusta Baumann et al. 1983), Halomonas cupida (Deleya cupida Baumann et al. 1983), Halomonas pacifica (Deleya pacifica Baumann et al. 1983), Halomonas marina (Deleya marina Baumann et al. 1983), Halomonas halophila (Deleya halophila Quesada et al. 1984), and Halomonas salina (Deleya salina Valderrama et al. 1991). We transfer the misnamed organism P. halodenitrificans to the genus Halomonas as Halomonas halodenitrificans comb. nov. (P. halodenitrificans Robinson and Gibbons 1952). The genus Zymobacter is closely related to the genus Halomonas. While the genus Zymobacter can be clearly distinguished from the genus Halomonas, these two taxa share important genotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phenotypic characteristics. We propose that the genus Zymobacter should be transferred to the family Halomonadaceae and emend the description of the family Halomonadaceae. The 16S rRNA sequence of Halomonas subglaciescola ACAM 21 was significantly different from the 16S rRNA sequence of the type strain of Halomonas subglaciescola (strain ACAM 12) but was nearly identical to the 16S rRNA sequence of Halomonas halodurans. JF - International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology AU - Dobson, S J AU - Franzmann, P D AD - Antarct. CRC and Dep. Agric. Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 550 EP - 558 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0020-7713, 0020-7713 KW - Halamonadaceae KW - Halovibrio KW - Paracoccus halodenitrificans KW - Zymobacter KW - rRNA 16S KW - ribotyping KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - RNA KW - Halomonas KW - bacteria KW - taxonomy KW - Freshwater KW - Deleya KW - Q1 08203:Taxonomy and morphology KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - Q4 27170:Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17067098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Systematic+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Unification+of+the+genera+Deleya+%28Baumann+et+al.+1983%29%2C+Halomonas+%28Vreeland+et+al.+1980%29%2C+and+Halovibrio+%28Fendrich+1988%29+and+the+species+Paracoccus+halodenitrificans+into+a+single+genus%2C+Halomonas%2C+and+placement+of+the+genus+Zymobacter+in+the+family+Halomonadaceae&rft.au=Dobson%2C+S+J%3BFranzmann%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Systematic+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00207713&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RNA; bacteria; taxonomy; Halomonas; Deleya; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A mayfly from tropical Brazil capable of tolerating short-term dehydration AN - 17060967; 3885105 AB - The mayfly Cloeodes hydation (Baetidae, Ephemeroptera) inhabits ephemeral, rain-filled rock pools as well as pools, springs, and brooks of longer duration in savanna woodlands of the northern Pantanal region, Brazil. Larvae have the ability to tolerate repeated exposure to air for up to 9 h at a time, as confirmed by laboratory experiments. This tolerance is apparently advantageous in the highly dynamic, unpredictable habitat conditions, especially when pools are successively wet and dry almost daily during the end of the rainy season. Survival of larvae depended on the presence of sediment, and was always followed by moulting. Inducible and repeated moulting showed that numbers of moults and instars were not always indicative of development. We present data on C. hydation abundance in 2 rock pools throughout 1 y. From these data, larval development was estimated to require between 19 and 25 d (24-29 degree C). JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Nolte, U AU - Tietboehl, R S AU - McCafferty, W P AD - Div. Entomology, CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1700, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - Cloeodes hydation KW - air exposure KW - aquatic insects KW - exposure tolerance KW - temporary ponds KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Baetidae KW - Ephemeroptera KW - Brazil KW - dehydration KW - Freshwater KW - Q1 08306:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05177:Water, temperature & ionic regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17060967?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=A+mayfly+from+tropical+Brazil+capable+of+tolerating+short-term+dehydration&rft.au=Nolte%2C+U%3BTietboehl%2C+R+S%3BMcCafferty%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Nolte&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air exposure; exposure tolerance; temporary ponds; dehydration; aquatic insects; Baetidae; Ephemeroptera; Brazil; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Controls on super(222)Rn variations in a fractured crystalline rock aquifer evaluated using aquifer tests and geophysical logging AN - 17052583; 3883657 AB - Concentrations of super(222)Rn in ground water may vary considerably within megascopically homogeneous rocks over relatively short distances. Calculations indicate that different hydraulic apertures of water-bearing fractures may account for variations in dissolved super(222)Rn concentration measured in domestic water wells completed in fractured Pikes Peak Granite, assuming that all other factors influencing dissolved super(222)Rn concentrations are constant. Concentrations of dissolved super(222)Rn range from 124 to 840 kBq m super(-3) [3,360 to 22,700 picocuries per liter (pCi L super(-1))] within a 2.5 km super(2) well field. Aquifer tests show that transmissivities range from 0.072 to 160 m super(2) day super(-1) within the well field. Acoustic televiewer and heat-pulse flow meter logging of four wells reveals that, despite tens to hundreds of fractures that intersect each well, a single fracture supplies all the flow to three wells, and one fracture provides 65% of the flow to the fourth well. Aquifer tests indicate that two pairs of the four wells are hydraulically connected. Type-curve interpretation of early-time data from aquifer tests reveals classic half-slope behavior on log-log plots of drawdown versus time for two wells, suggesting linear flow to a single fracture. Drawdown versus time for the other two wells indicates radial or pseudo-radial flow, which suggests a higher degree of fracture interconnectivity near those boreholes. Hydraulic apertures calculated using the cubic law are 0.024 and 0.038 cm for producing fractures in the first hydraulically connected well pair and 0.011 and 0.020 cm for flowing fractures in the second well pair. Assuming uniform distribution of super(226)Ra along fracture walls and long residence time of water relative to super(222)Rn decay, the ratio of fracture apertures should equal the inverse ratio of super(222)Rn concentration in each well. Assuming 50% error in hydraulic aperture estimation and 10% analytical uncertainty in super(222)Rn measurement, differences in super(222)Rn concentration between wells in the hydraulically connected pairs can be attributed solely to differences in hydraulic aperture. Different hydraulic apertures, however, do not explain different super(222)Rn concentrations between well pairs. Allowing for measurement error, a cubic meter of rock transfer from 1.3 to 20 times more super(222)Rn to ground water in the first pair of wells than in the second pair. Nonuniform distribution of super(226)Ra along fracture walls, heterogeneous emanating power in the rock-water system, or short ground-water residence time along the transmissive fracture network may account for the difference between well pairs. JF - Ground Water AU - Folger, P F AU - Poeter, E AU - Wanty, R B AU - Frishman, D AU - Day, W AD - Office Senator Pete V. Domenici, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC 20510, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 250 EP - 261 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - radon KW - residence time KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - drawdown KW - transmissivity KW - geologic fractures KW - well hydraulics KW - granites KW - variability KW - logging (recording) KW - radioisotopes KW - aquifer characteristics KW - aquifer testing KW - geophysics KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17052583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Controls+on+super%28222%29Rn+variations+in+a+fractured+crystalline+rock+aquifer+evaluated+using+aquifer+tests+and+geophysical+logging&rft.au=Folger%2C+P+F%3BPoeter%2C+E%3BWanty%2C+R+B%3BFrishman%2C+D%3BDay%2C+W&rft.aulast=Folger&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Contact: Ground Water Publishing Co., 6375 Riverside Dr., Dublin, OH 43017 (USA). PH: (800) 332-2104. FAX: (614) 761-3446. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - variability; aquifer characteristics; aquifer testing; geophysics; logging (recording); granites; geologic fractures; radioisotopes; well hydraulics; transmissivity; drawdown ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of harvest stage and light on the biochemical composition of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana AN - 17051590; 3880694 AB - The marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt, clone 3H) Hasle and Heimdal was cultured under three different light regimes: 100 mu mol photon m super(-2) s super(-1) on 12:12 h light: dark (L:D) cycles; 50 mu mol photon m super(-2) s super(-1) on 24:0 h L:D; and 100 mu mol photon m super(-2) s super(-1) on 24:0 h L:D. It was harvested during logarithmic and stationary phases for analysis of biochemical composition. Across the different light regimes, protein (as % of organic weight) was highest in cells during logarithmic phase, whereas carbohydrate and lipid were highest during stationary phase. Carbohydrate concentrations were most affected by the different light regimes; cells grown under 12: 12 h L:D contained 37-44% of the carbohydrate of cells grown under 24:0 h L:D. Cells in logarithmic phase had high proportions of polar lipids (79 to 89% of total lipid) and low triacylglycerol ( less than or equal to 10% of total lipid). Cells in stationary phase contained less polar lipid (48 to 57% of total lipid) and more triacylglycerol (22 to 45% of total lipid). The fatty acid composition of logarithmic phase cells grown under 24:0 h L:D were similar, but the 100 mu mol photon m super(-2) s super(-1) (12:12 h L:D) cells at the same stage contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a lower proportion of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids due to different levels of 16:O, 16: 1(n-7), 16:4(n-1), 18:4(n-3), and 20:5(n-3). With the onset of stationary phase, cells grown at 100 mu mol photon m super(-2) s super(-1) (both 12:12 and 24:0 h L:D) increased in proportions of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and decreased in PUFAs. Concentrations (% organic or dry weight) of 14:0, 16:0, 16:1(n-7), 20:5(n-3), and 22:6(n-3) increased in cells of all cultures during stationary phase. The amino acid compositions of cells were similar irrespective of harvest stage and light regime. For mariculture, the recommended light regime for culturing T. pseudonana will depend on the nutritional requirements of the animal to which the alga is fed. For rapidly growing bivalve mollusc larvae, stationary-phase cultures grown under a 24:0 h L:D regime may provide more energy by virtue of their higher percentage of carbohydrate and high proportions and concentrations of energy-rich saturated fatty acids. JF - Journal of Phycology AU - Brown, M R AU - Dunstan, G A AU - Norwood, S J AU - Miller, KA AD - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 64 EP - 73 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3646, 0022-3646 KW - biochemical composition KW - phytoplankton culture KW - polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - environmental effects KW - diatoms KW - amino acids KW - carbohydrates KW - light KW - light effects KW - Marine KW - Thalassiosira pseudonana KW - food organisms KW - proteins KW - rearing KW - Q4 27310:Plant culture KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q3 08585:Plant culture KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+harvest+stage+and+light+on+the+biochemical+composition+of+the+diatom+Thalassiosira+pseudonana&rft.au=Brown%2C+M+R%3BDunstan%2C+G+A%3BNorwood%2C+S+J%3BMiller%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Phycology&rft.issn=00223646&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light effects; fatty acids; lipids; phytoplankton culture; biochemical composition; polyunsaturated fatty acids; environmental effects; diatoms; food organisms; amino acids; carbohydrates; light; proteins; rearing; Thalassiosira pseudonana; Bacillariophyceae; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Expression of the isopentenyl transferase gene is regulated by auxin in transgenic tobacco tissues AN - 17049566; 3881897 AB - The isopentenyl transferase gene (ipt) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens was isolated and introduced, via a disarmed binary vector, into tobacco using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer system. The expression of the ipt gene was monitored by RNA hybridization, western blotting and cytokinin analysis. The addition of auxin to the media rapidly reduced the level of cytokinins in the transgenic tissues and this was associated with a reduction in IPT mRNA and protein levels. It is concluded that the hormone auxin can regulate expression of a gene involved in biosynthesis of the second hormone cytokinin. Although exogenous benzyladenine did not directly affect ipt gene expression, it did antagonize the effect of auxin on levels of cytokinins and IPT mRNA and protein. JF - Transgenic Research AU - Zhang, X D AU - Letham, D S AU - Zhang, R AU - Higgins, TJV AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 57 EP - 65 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - ipt gene KW - isopentenyl transferase KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - auxins KW - transgenic plants KW - gene regulation KW - Nicotiana tabacum KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - N 14662:Gene regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17049566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transgenic+Research&rft.atitle=Expression+of+the+isopentenyl+transferase+gene+is+regulated+by+auxin+in+transgenic+tobacco+tissues&rft.au=Zhang%2C+X+D%3BLetham%2C+D+S%3BZhang%2C+R%3BHiggins%2C+TJV&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transgenic+Research&rft.issn=09628819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - auxins; transgenic plants; gene regulation; Nicotiana tabacum ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxin: Reassessing the risk AN - 17043852; 3872819 AB - For over 25 years, scientists have studied dioxin, a potent animal carcinogen. Yet opinions remain divided with regard to its human health risk. Based on new data, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been updating its assessment of dioxin risk since 1991. In December 1994, EPA submitted for review a final draft report to its Science Advisory Board (SAB), a group of independent experts. Several months later, the news media reported highly critical comments by some SAB members, raising concerns among those who want to ensure that EPA's decisions are based on sound science. The SAB completed its review last September and approved most of the report. However, it withheld approval of two chapters pending extensive revisions. The House Committee on Science held a hearing on the dioxin reassessment December 13, 1995, and the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations have directed the agency to incorporate SAB recommendations into its report. This paper briefly describes the state of scientific knowledge about dioxin, the reassessment project, the SAB review, scientific issues that remain unresolved, EPA dioxin regulations under development and recommendations of the Committees on Appropriations. JF - Risk - Health Safety & Environment AU - Schierow, L-J AD - Environment and Nat. Resources Policy Division, CRS Congressional Res. Service Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 7 EP - 14 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1073-8673, 1073-8673 KW - dioxin KW - TCDD KW - EPA KW - federal policies KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - research programs KW - legislation KW - USA KW - risk assessment KW - combustion products KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17043852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+-+Health+Safety+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Dioxin%3A+Reassessing+the+risk&rft.au=Schierow%2C+L-J&rft.aulast=Schierow&rft.aufirst=L-J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+-+Health+Safety+%26+Environment&rft.issn=10738673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; TCDD; risk assessment; EPA; research programs; legislation; combustion products; federal policies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface water pretreatment using floating media filter AN - 17041211; 3878441 AB - Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted in contact flocculation filtration using a dual media filter operating in the upflow, saturated mode. The filter media was lighter than water; thus, the bed floated. Since coarse media remained at the bottom, the flow direction was upflow, which had the added advantage of the flow being in the direction of grain compression. Polypropylene and Polystyrene were the optimum combination of media, which due to their large density difference did not intermix even under severe agitation, thus eliminating the media intermixing problem common to dual media filters. The influent concentrations were kept constant and the flow velocity, and filter media size and shape were varied. The headloss variation along the filter, the influent quality of two filter layers, and the effluent quality were studied. Filter runs exceeding 40 h were achieved before reaching breakthrough at conventional rapid sand filtration rates. Floating media obtained turbidity removal per unit headloss in comparison to sand media, and floating media are proposed as a prefilter in surface-water filtration. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Visvanathan, C AU - Werellagama, DRIB AU - Ben Aim, R AD - Asian Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok, Thailand Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 25 EP - 33 VL - 122 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - sand filters KW - pretreatment of water KW - experimental data KW - filter media KW - floating KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - flocculation KW - surface water KW - filters KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17041211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Surface+water+pretreatment+using+floating+media+filter&rft.au=Visvanathan%2C+C%3BWerellagama%2C+DRIB%3BBen+Aim%2C+R&rft.aulast=Visvanathan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sand filters; pretreatment of water; surface water; experimental data; flocculation; filter media; filters; floating ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of lesions in bay scallops Argopecten irradians attributed to Perkinsus karlssoni (Protozoa, Apicomplexa) AN - 17039991; 3863510 AB - Lesions found in bay scallops Argopecten irradians imported into Atlantic Canada for culture were attributed to a parasite Perkinsus karlssoni. It appears, however, that stages from several organisms were combined to create the life cycle of P. karlssoni. The ultrastructure of the agent in lesions of bay scallops is not documented adequately to diagnose affinities to the genus Perkinsus. Furthermore, there was discrepancy as to whether P. karlssoni enlarged in fluid thioglycollate medium, and the shape and structure of the prezoosporangia as well as the movement and life span of the zoospores were not consistent with the genus Perkinsus. P. karlssoni cannot be considered as a species of Perkinsus. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Goggin, CL AU - McGladdery, SE AU - Whyte, S K AU - Cawthorn, R J AD - CSIRO Div. Fisheries, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 77 EP - 80 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - Perkinsus karlssoni KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - lesions KW - Canada KW - Argopecten irradians KW - scallop culture KW - ANW, Canada KW - taxonomy KW - endoparasites KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17039991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+lesions+in+bay+scallops+Argopecten+irradians+attributed+to+Perkinsus+karlssoni+%28Protozoa%2C+Apicomplexa%29&rft.au=Goggin%2C+CL%3BMcGladdery%2C+SE%3BWhyte%2C+S+K%3BCawthorn%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Goggin&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lesions; scallop culture; taxonomy; endoparasites; Argopecten irradians; Canada; ANW, Canada; Marine ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Financial analysis of new vineyard developments in the MIA AN - 17029230; 3868761 AB - New vineyard developments in the MIA are currently being installed on what were originally large-area (rice) farms. These farms generally have clay soils with saline water tables within 2 m of the soil surface. More-efficient irrigation systems can reduce reliance on on-farm evaporation basins required to store water from sub-surface drains. This paper compares costs and benefits of 5 different irrigation systems - (1) Flood, (2) Overhead Sprinkler, (3) Undervine Micro-jet, (4) Drip, and (5) Riverina Twin Furrow - to assess which system is most financially attractive and the most environmentally sustainable. The financial feasibility of planting one of 5 grape varieties is also examined under each irrigation system option. Vine row width is also examined to assess the effect on potential extra yields (and therefore extra income). The financial analysis enables the feasibility of each development to be gauged using the criteria of Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The net and cumulative cash flows can also be determined over the analysis period to determine the Net Cash Flow per hectare (NCF/ha), Break-Even Time (BET), and Expected Peak Debt (EPD). The cash-flow budget incorporates a program called (at)Risk which enables a range of variables to be modelled simultaneously. The Drip system is the most environmentally sustainable, producing no drainage effluent, and it has the highest water-use efficiency. The Drip and Flood systems produce similar financial results in terms of NPV, Break-Even time, and steady-state NCF/ha, with or without the installation of sub-surface drainage. The Flood system is considerably cheaper to install than the Drip system, but the Drip system's low annual operating costs outweigh its initial expense and make it the most financially and environmentally attractive system. Chardonnay, with the highest NPV, is the grape variety that is currently the most financially attractive, given MIA average yields and prices (taking into account future demand). The next most financially attractive variety is Shiraz, followed by Semillon, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Muscat Gordo Blanco. The choice of grape variety had more influence on the financial attractiveness of the new vineyard development than the choice of irrigation system. By decreasing row width to 3.0 m, individual vine yield was not reduced and total returns (steady state NCF/ha) could be increased by about $3500/ha/year using Drip or Flood irrigation systems in combination with Chardonnay. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Moll, J Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water table KW - soil types KW - cost-benefit analysis KW - fruit crops KW - agriculture KW - drip irrigation KW - water use efficiency KW - irrigation KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17029230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Moll%2C+J&rft.aulast=Moll&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058532&rft.btitle=Financial+analysis+of+new+vineyard+developments+in+the+MIA&rft.title=Financial+analysis+of+new+vineyard+developments+in+the+MIA&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Technical Memorandum 96.3. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Lucerne daily water use and capillary upflow using weighing lysimeters: Effects of soil type and groundwater salinity AN - 17027976; 3868757 AB - The majority of studies on capillary upflow from shallow watertables have employed nonsaline groundwater. Here, we used weighing lysimeters planted with lucerne on two undisturbed soils -Hanwood loam (L1) and Mundiwa clay loam (L2) - to measure the upflow from an initially non-saline watertable in 1990/91 and 1991/92; measurements were repeated in 1992/93 with a more saline watertable in an otherwise unchanged system. The effect of the saline watertable introduction in 1992/93 was to significantly reduce upflow. Upflow accounted for 55% (in L1) and 22% (in L2) of evaporation in 1990/91, 49% and 44% in 1991/92, and 25% and 13% in 1992/93. Even when account was made for the different season in 1991/92 compared to 1992/93, upflow values were still markedly different. The reduction in upflow due to the saline watertable occurred even though there was only a small reduction in root length density immediately above the watertable. During a drying cycle, the onset of water deficit stress stimulated downward root growth. Roots adapted by continuing to supply sufficient water to match evaporative demand for a considerable period following cessation of irrigation, but this did not continue once the upper soil layers were dry. We conclude that plants prefer to obtain and use water from shallow soil storage. JF - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Smith, D J AU - Meyer, W S AU - Barrs, H D AU - Schwamberger, E C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - water use KW - water table KW - soil types KW - roots KW - plants KW - salinity KW - lysimeters KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17027976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Smith%2C+D+J%3BMeyer%2C+W+S%3BBarrs%2C+H+D%3BSchwamberger%2C+E+C&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643058567&rft.btitle=Lucerne+daily+water+use+and+capillary+upflow+using+weighing+lysimeters%3A+Effects+of+soil+type+and+groundwater+salinity&rft.title=Lucerne+daily+water+use+and+capillary+upflow+using+weighing+lysimeters%3A+Effects+of+soil+type+and+groundwater+salinity&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Technical Memorandum 96.6. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of differential gene expression by display of 3' end restriction fragments of cDNAs AN - 17017893; 3849458 AB - We have developed an approach to study changes in gene expression by selective PCR amplification and display of 3' end restriction fragments of double-stranded cDNAs. This method produces highly consistent and reproducible patterns, can detect almost all mRNAs in a sample, and can resolve hidden differences such as bands that differ in their sequence but comigrate on a gel. Bands corresponding to known cDNAs move to predictable positions on the gel, making this a powerful approach to correlate gel patterns with cDNA data bases. Applying this method, we have examined differences in gene expression patterns during T-cell activation. Of a total of 700 bands that were evaluated in this study, as many as 3-4% represented mRNAs that are up-regulated, while approximately 2% were down-regulated within 4 hr of activation of Jurkat T cells. These and other results suggest that this approach is suitable for the systematic, expeditious, and nearly exhaustive elucidation of subtle changes in the patterns of gene expression in cells with altered physiologic states. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Prashar, Y AU - Weissman, S M AD - Dep. Genet., Boyer Cent. Mol. Med., Yale Univ. Sch. Med., 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06510, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 659 EP - 663 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - lymphocytes T KW - cDNA KW - gene expression KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W3 33385:DNA/RNA KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17017893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+differential+gene+expression+by+display+of+3%27+end+restriction+fragments+of+cDNAs&rft.au=Prashar%2C+Y%3BWeissman%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Prashar&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=659&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lymphocytes T; cDNA; gene expression; polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of work practices on fatigue in long distance truck drivers AN - 16512212; 4409782 AB - Twenty seven professional truck drivers completed a 12 hour, 900 km trip under each of three driving regimes--a relay (staged) trip, a working hours regulated one-way (single) trip, and a one-way (flexible) trip with no working hours constraints. The results indicated that none of the driving regimes prevented fatigue and that the pattern of fatigue experienced during the trips appeared to be related to pretrip fatigue levels. JF - ACCID. ANAL. PREV. AU - Williamson, A M AU - Feyer, A-M AU - Friswell, R AD - Natl. Inst. Occup. Health and Saf., GPO Box 58, Sydney 2001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 709 EP - 719 VL - 28 IS - 6 SN - 0001-4575, 0001-4575 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16512212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACCID.+ANAL.+PREV.&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+work+practices+on+fatigue+in+long+distance+truck+drivers&rft.au=Williamson%2C+A+M%3BFeyer%2C+A-M%3BFriswell%2C+R&rft.aulast=Williamson&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=709&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACCID.+ANAL.+PREV.&rft.issn=00014575&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Runoff and sheet erosion from tillage trials under artificial rainfall at Harden, New South Wales AN - 16272030; 4283275 AB - Artificial rainfall was applied to 6-m-long plots after the harvest of a canola crop in experiments on a grazed cropping system using a rotation that alternated wheat with lupins and canola. Three tillage treatments were selected for the experiments: one was a direct-drill treatment, while the other two involved the use of a reduced tillage practice during the preparation of the seed bed. Tillage treatment was found to have no substantial effect on runoff and sediment concentration resulting from sheet erosion during the post-harvest period. At sowing time, tillage again had no significant effect on sediment concentration but did have a significant effect on runoff. The roughness produced by the tillage provided a substantial capacity to store water and detached soil particles in surface depressions immediately after cultivation, and the decline in this surface roughness during rainfall was sufficiently small to cause little or no runoff when 1 h of 70 mm/h rain was applied to a cultivated surface. The results support indications from SOILOSS, a model that provides local implementation of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), that reduced-till may be as effective as direct-drill at conserving soil at this site. However, since the experiments were restricted to sheet erosion, and no experiments were performed between sowing and harvest or with other crops in the rotation, the results do not provide unconditional support for the SOILOSS result. Despite the result of the experiments reported here, soil erosion risk is likely to be substantially reduced on a field scale through the use of tillage practices which, like the direct-drill treatment, maintain anchored and unanchored crop residue during the fallow and post-sowing periods. Data were also collected in relation to an examination of the ability of the Soil Water Infiltration and Movement (SWIM) model to predict runoff during the post-harvest period. SWIM tended to underpredict runoff but the difference between the observed amount of runoff and that predicted by SWIM was statistically not significant. JF - Australian Journal of Soil Research AU - Kinnell, PIA AD - CSIRO Div. Soils, GPO Box 639, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 863 EP - 877 VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0004-9573, 0004-9573 KW - RUSLE KW - SOILOSS KW - SWIM KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16272030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.atitle=Runoff+and+sheet+erosion+from+tillage+trials+under+artificial+rainfall+at+Harden%2C+New+South+Wales&rft.au=Kinnell%2C+PIA&rft.aulast=Kinnell&rft.aufirst=PIA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=863&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.issn=00049573&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Method-induced variations in soil erodibility in erosion experiments with rain-impacted flow AN - 16272003; 4283269 AB - Laboratory experiments on erosion by rain-impacted flow were performed on crusted surfaces that had either been eroded or not been eroded previously by rain-impacted flow. Differences in the erodibility of the surfaces were obtained between the 2 methods. The differences in erodibility were associated with the development of a layer of coarse pre-detached material on the previously eroded surfaces. The influence of this layer on erodibility is such that changing the experimental procedure may influence the results obtained from experiments designed to determine soil erodibility under rain-impacted flow. JF - Australian Journal of Soil Research AU - Kinnell, PIA AU - Ramos, M C AU - Uson, A AD - CSIRO Div. Soils, GPO Box 169, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 715 EP - 720 VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0004-9573, 0004-9573 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16272003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.atitle=Method-induced+variations+in+soil+erodibility+in+erosion+experiments+with+rain-impacted+flow&rft.au=Kinnell%2C+PIA%3BRamos%2C+M+C%3BUson%2C+A&rft.aulast=Kinnell&rft.aufirst=PIA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Soil+Research&rft.issn=00049573&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure to 2-chlorosyringaldehyde and simulated ECF bleached eucalypt pulp effluent AN - 16223014; 4219501 AB - Substitution of chlorine dioxide for molecular chlorine as a bleaching agent in hardwood pulp mills has lowered the organochlorine content of effluents, but produces several chlorinated phenolics with unknown effects on the environment. This study examines the effects of 2-chlorosyringaldehyde (2-CSA), quantitatively the major chlorinated phenol found in elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleached kraft eucalypt pulp effluent, on a suite of biomarkers in sand flathead. Fish received an intraperitoneal injection of 2-CSA at doses of 0.15, 1.5, 15 or 75 mg kg super(-1). After 4 d, no changes with dose were found in the activities of the detoxification enzymes ethoxycoumarin-o-deethylase (ECOD), ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) or UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT). Cytochrome P450 content and serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SSDH) activity were also unchanged with dose. A subsequent experiment applied the same suite of biomarkers to sand flathead exposed to simulated ECF bleached eucalypt pulp effluent, at concentrations of 0.5, 2 and 8% (v/v). Similarly, there were no significant differences between effluent-exposed and control fish for ECOD, EROD, P450, UDPGT or SSDH. Liver somatic index was also not significantly different between exposed and control fish. Results indicate that liver detoxification enzyme activities, which are widely used biomarkers of pulp mill effluent exposure, may not be useful biomarkers for effluents from mills using ECF bleaching. JF - ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS OF PULP AND PAPER MILL EFFLUENTS. AU - Brumley, C M AU - Haritos, V S AU - Ahokas, J T AU - Holdway, DA A2 - Servos, MR A2 - Munkittrick, KR A2 - Carey, JH A2 - van der Kraak, GJ (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 10 EP - 378 PB - ST. LUCIE PRESS KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Pollution effects KW - Freshwater KW - Paper industry wastes KW - Industrial wastes KW - Pollution indicators KW - Pulp and paper industry KW - Bioindicators KW - Environmental impact KW - Water pollution KW - Pulp wastes KW - Industrial wastewater KW - Standards KW - Waste water KW - Indicator species KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16223014?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Brumley%2C+C+M%3BHaritos%2C+V+S%3BAhokas%2C+J+T%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Evaluation+of+biomarkers+of+exposure+to+2-chlorosyringaldehyde+and+simulated+ECF+bleached+eucalypt+pulp+effluent&rft.title=Evaluation+of+biomarkers+of+exposure+to+2-chlorosyringaldehyde+and+simulated+ECF+bleached+eucalypt+pulp+effluent&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cobalt and chromium concentrations in patients with metal on metal total hip replacements AN - 16048808; 4088083 AB - There has been a resurgence of interest in the use of metal on metal bearings in total hip arthroplasty. Although the use of metal on metal bearing couples would eliminate or substantially reduce particulate polyethylene generation (depending on the presence or absence of polyethylene in the implant system), there is concern about the potential for increased particulate and ionic metal generation in comparison with polyethylene on metal bearings. These metallic degradation products may be transported away from the implant site and distributed systemically. Chromium concentrations in the serum and urine and cobalt concentrations in the serum were measured in subjects with cobalt chromium alloy metal on metal total hip replacements and in controls without implants. Eight subjects with long term (> 20 years) McKee-Farrar total hip replacements had 9-fold elevations in serum chromium, 35-fold elevations in urine chromium, and at least 3-fold elevations in serum cobalt concentrations in comparison with controls. Six subjects with short term (< 2 years) metal on metal surface replacement arthroplasties had 3-fold elevations in serum chromium, 4-fold elevations in urine chromium, and 4-fold elevations in serum cobalt concentrations in comparison with subjects with McKee-Farrar implants. Although the toxicologic importance of these trace metal elevations has not been established, serum and urine metal concentrations may be useful markers for the tribologic performance of metal on metal bearings. JF - Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research AU - Jacobs, J J AU - Skipor, A K AU - Doorn, P F AU - Campbell, P AU - Schmalzried, T P AU - Black, J AU - Amstutz, H C AD - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1753 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - S256 EP - S263 VL - 329S SN - 0009-921X, 0009-921X KW - distribution KW - man KW - hip KW - degradation KW - cobalt KW - chromium KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts KW - arthroplasty (hip) KW - metals KW - bone implants KW - T 20009:Bone grafts, implants, and biomaterials KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16048808?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Orthopaedics+and+Related+Research&rft.atitle=Cobalt+and+chromium+concentrations+in+patients+with+metal+on+metal+total+hip+replacements&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+J+J%3BSkipor%2C+A+K%3BDoorn%2C+P+F%3BCampbell%2C+P%3BSchmalzried%2C+T+P%3BBlack%2C+J%3BAmstutz%2C+H+C&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=329S&rft.issue=&rft.spage=S256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+Orthopaedics+and+Related+Research&rft.issn=0009921X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metals; bone implants; arthroplasty (hip) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of landfarm remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil at the Inveresk railyard, Launceston, Australia AN - 16030229; 4094945 AB - Costing of landfarm bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil (2700 m super(3) material) at a disused railyard site in Tasmania, Australia is reported. The landfarm area (8000 m super(2)) was enclosed in an impermeable clay embankment and where necessary the base was also rolled with clay. Microbial inoculation was not deemed to be necessary since suitable degrading biota were found to be present in site samples prior to commencement of the landfarming. Fertilizer amendment comprised primarily ammonium sulphate and superphosphate to give a C:N ratio (TPH:fertilizer) of 28:1 and a C:P ratio of 200:1. The soil was turned regularly and watered as required for the 12-month duration of the operation. Over this period levels of TPH showed a linear decline from a mean of 4644 mg /kg (SD = 1252 mg/kg) to near 100 mg/kg or less, with greatest losses being in the chain lengths C10-C28. The costing was determined to be $A13.40c per m super(3) ($A10.30c per tonne), which is at the lower end of the spectrum of reported landfarming costs. Costing of such operations is important since the reported economics will influence others' choice of bioremediation techniques. JF - Waste Management AU - Line, MA AU - Garland, C D AU - Crowley, M AD - Dep. Agric. Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252-54, Hobart, Australia, 7001 Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 567 EP - 570 VL - 16 IS - 7 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - railyards KW - soil remediation KW - Australia, Tasmania, Launceston KW - waste management KW - remediation KW - soil pollution KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution clean-up KW - land reclamation KW - environmental restoration KW - bioremediation KW - hydrocarbons KW - economics KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16030229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+landfarm+remediation+of+hydrocarbon-contaminated+soil+at+the+Inveresk+railyard%2C+Launceston%2C+Australia&rft.au=Line%2C+MA%3BGarland%2C+C+D%3BCrowley%2C+M&rft.aulast=Line&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; hydrocarbons; bioremediation; economics; pollution clean-up; waste management; remediation; land reclamation; environmental restoration; soil pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface runoff, soil and nutrient losses from farming systems in the Australian semi-arid tropics AN - 15993502; 4079985 AB - Most soils suitable for dryland agriculture in north-west Australia occur in the Daly Basin. These are sesquioxidic soils which include red, yellow and grey earths, and soils related to yellow and red earths. The potential, for these arable soils to be degraded by highly erosive rainfalls, common to the region, is high. Farming practices strongly influence the soil surface characteristics (vegetation cover, roughness, soil strength), which in turn control surface runoff, and sediment detachment and transport. In studies conducted during 1984-89 in the Daly Basin, conventionally tilled catchments, produced 1.5-2 times more runoff and lost 1.5-6 times more soil than their no-tillage counterparts (all catchments were within soil conservation banks). In these conventionally tilled catchments, soil loss was less than or equal to 8.1 t/ha.year. Other studies in the region have shown that, without soil conservation banks, soil loss can be around 100 t/ha.year under conventional tillage. Little work, however, has been undertaken on farms in the Australian semi-arid tropics to study the movement of nutrients and herbicides (in ionic and adsorbed forms) and further research is warranted. JF - Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture AU - Dilshad, M AU - Motha, JA AU - Peel, L J AD - Dep. Lands, Planning and Environment, GPO Box 1680, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1003 EP - 1012 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0816-1089, 0816-1089 KW - soil conservation banks KW - Australia, North-west, Daly Basin KW - surface runoff KW - dry farming KW - semiarid lands KW - soil surfaces KW - tillage KW - research priorities KW - degradation KW - Australia, Northwest KW - nutrient loss KW - catchments KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil conservation KW - soil erosion KW - herbicides KW - nutrients KW - runoff KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15993502?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Surface+runoff%2C+soil+and+nutrient+losses+from+farming+systems+in+the+Australian+semi-arid+tropics&rft.au=Dilshad%2C+M%3BMotha%2C+JA%3BPeel%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Dilshad&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1003&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.issn=08161089&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surface runoff; nutrients; dry farming; semiarid lands; soil erosion; soil surfaces; tillage; herbicides; research priorities; soil conservation; degradation; runoff; nutrient loss; catchments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conservation tillage and ley farming in the semi-arid tropics of northern Australia - some economic aspects AN - 15981384; 4081564 AB - This paper examines some aspects of the economics of conservation tillage and ley farming in the semi-arid tropics of northern Australia. The distribution, value and major trends in the enterprises comprising the agricultural sector of the semi-arid tropics are discussed in an industry context. The likely economic benefits for the farmer from the adoption of conservation tillage and ley farming come from mulch retention and increased yields. These benefits vary with the frequency of grain cropping, the legume species used and the commodity price relativities. The benefits are likely to be larger in drier growing seasons. Data on other factors, such as soil type and seasons, were inadequate for economic analysis. Some ley farming systems are more profitable than single enterprises in the short term. In the long term, the best choice for sustainable farming systems in the semi-arid tropics appears to be a legume pasture system or a legume pasture-crop system. Results to date from ley farming studies show that experimental designs need to be modified to incorporate higher cropping frequencies and more comprehensive joint product measures in order to allow a more critical economic assessment. Additional benefits to society from the adoption of conservation tillage and ley farming are likely to come from minimising adverse on-farm and off-farm effects of agricultural activities. There are strong arguments for continuing support for research and development in ley farming technology and a joint sharing of the costs between farmers and the community generally. JF - Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture AU - Kirby, GWM AU - Hristova, V J AU - Murti, S AD - Dep. Primary Ind. and Fish., GPO Box 990, Darwin, NT 0801, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1049 EP - 1057 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0816-1089, 0816-1089 KW - ley farming KW - legumes KW - conservation tillage KW - Australia, Northern KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - experimental design KW - semiarid lands KW - crop yield KW - research priorities KW - mulching KW - benefits KW - tillage KW - farming KW - economic aspects KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection KW - SW 1060:Conservation in agricultural use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15981384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.atitle=Conservation+tillage+and+ley+farming+in+the+semi-arid+tropics+of+northern+Australia+-+some+economic+aspects&rft.au=Kirby%2C+GWM%3BHristova%2C+V+J%3BMurti%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=GWM&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1049&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Experimental+Agriculture&rft.issn=08161089&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tillage; semiarid lands; economic aspects; farming; benefits; mulching; crop yield; experimental design; research priorities ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of lake levels using water balance models AN - 15956290; 4061296 AB - Simple water balance models can be used to predict excess water and when the depth-volume relationship for a lake is known, these models can be used to predict variations in lake level. In the lake Goran study area annual rainfalls have varied significantly. The straight line of best fit shows a very slow increase over 116 years. An examination of the seasonal distribution of the rainfall reveals significant changes over that period. The October to December and the January to March quarters have shown significant reductions and subsequent increases during the recording period. In the early 1990s the April to June rainfalls have shown a significant increase and, coupled with comparatively low evaporation and transpiration at that time of the year, this has lead to significant increases in runoff. The excess water has been determined using a WATBAL type model for the current land-use distribution. The depth of the lake has been modelled using rainfall and excess water as inputs and evaporation as output. Given the simplicity of the model the agreement between measured and predicted lake levels is very good. JF - Environmental Software AU - Crapper, P F AU - Fleming, P M AU - Kalma, J D AD - CSIRO, Div. Water Resources, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 251 EP - 258 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0266-9838, 0266-9838 KW - WATBAL KW - catchment area KW - catchment areas KW - catchments KW - freshwater lakes KW - hydrologic models KW - stage measurement KW - storm runoff KW - stormwater runoff KW - water balance KW - water level KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Pollution Abstracts KW - lakes KW - rain KW - hydrology KW - rainfall KW - evaporation KW - runoff KW - water resources KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 2010:Control of water on the surface UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15956290?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Software&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+lake+levels+using+water+balance+models&rft.au=Crapper%2C+P+F%3BFleming%2C+P+M%3BKalma%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Crapper&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Software&rft.issn=02669838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; evaporation; freshwater lakes; rainfall; runoff; catchment area; lakes; water balance; water resources; rain; stormwater runoff; catchments; storm runoff; water level; hydrologic models; catchment areas ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Coliform die-off rate constants in a high rate algal pond and the effect of operational and environmental variables AN - 15881287; 4033755 AB - High rate algal ponds (HRAPs) are an adaptation of waste stabilisation ponds, in which increased treatment efficiency and reduced pond area are achieved by optimising conditions for algal photosynthetic oxygen production. If the treated effluent is subsequently to be reused for irrigation of crops and recreational areas, from a public health viewpoint it is important to reduce the risk of contamination by pathogenic organisms. The microbiological quality of effluents is traditionally assessed by enumerating the coliform group of organisms. Die-off rate constants (K sub(b)) of 0.35 - 2.34 d super(-1) were measured for E. coli in outdoor ponds operating on synthetic sewage mix with acetate as the carbon source (260 kg COD ha super(-1) d super(-1)) at a range of depths from 12 to 34 cm. There were significant positive effects of pH, irradiance and pond depth on K sub(b). Light penetration throughout the pond depth was calculated and shown to be a useful parameter for the prediction of K sub(b). Multiple regression equations describing the influence of these environmental parameters on die-off rate constant were derived. Dry matter concentration negatively affected light penetration but had a positive influence upon pH. Pond operating conditions to maximise E. coli die-off are discussed. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Fallowfield, HJ AU - Cromar, N J AU - Evison, L M A2 - Bally, D A2 - Asano, T A2 - Bhamidimarri, R A2 - Chin, KK A2 - Grabow, WOK A2 - Hall, ER A2 - Ohgaki, S A2 - Orhon, D A2 - Milburn, A A2 - Purdon, CD A2 - Nagle, PT (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SN - 0080430910 KW - HRAP KW - biological wastewater treatment KW - coliform die-off rate constants KW - coliforms KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - light penetration KW - optimization KW - regression analysis KW - sewage ponds KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - irradiation KW - wastewater treatment KW - Escherichia coli KW - biodegradation KW - ponds KW - public health KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15881287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Fallowfield%2C+HJ%3BCromar%2C+N+J%3BEvison%2C+L+M&rft.aulast=Fallowfield&rft.aufirst=HJ&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0080430910&rft.btitle=Coliform+die-off+rate+constants+in+a+high+rate+algal+pond+and+the+effect+of+operational+and+environmental+variables&rft.title=Coliform+die-off+rate+constants+in+a+high+rate+algal+pond+and+the+effect+of+operational+and+environmental+variables&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Fish consumption and human health: Developing partnerships between risk assessors and resource managers AN - 15869447; 4026627 AB - Until recently, fisheries managers have been primarily concerned with maintaining the quality and extent of fishery benefits and healthy populations of fish. Although fish consumption has long been promoted as a healthy behavior, it is apparent that through consumption humans may be exposed to chemicals that accumulate in fish tissues. Public health officials are often faced with the need to evaluate health risks associated with consumption of fish from individual fisheries and may, as a result, require additional information about the behavior of anglers who use those fisheries. Factors that affect potential health risks due to chemical contamination include the species, age, and size of fish being harvested for consumption, frequency of fish meals, parts of the fish being consumed, concentrations of contaminants in the edible tissues, and demographic characteristics of the angler population. Although information concerning preferred species, catch and harvest rates, and sizes and ages of fish caught and harvested from managed fisheries are often readily available, current data collection methodologies generally fall short of providing all of the information necessary for risk assessors to evaluate consumption behaviors and resulting health risks. In this paper I discuss ways in which fisheries data are used to estimate human health risks and recommend that fisheries managers use modified creel survey forms to collect site-specific data on harvested fish and consumption patterns of anglers in order to meet the dual needs of resource management and the protection of public health. JF - American Fisheries Society Symposium AU - Smith Ebert, E A2 - Miranda, LE A2 - DeVries, DR (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 10 EP - 270 PB - AFS, BETHESDA, MD (USA) SN - 091323592X KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - contamination KW - fish KW - fishery products KW - food contamination KW - foods KW - resources management KW - risk KW - risk assessment KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - seafood KW - public health KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - H SE4.24:FOOD CONTAMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15869447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Smith+Ebert%2C+E&rft.aulast=Smith+Ebert&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=091323592X&rft.btitle=Fish+consumption+and+human+health%3A+Developing+partnerships+between+risk+assessors+and+resource+managers&rft.title=Fish+consumption+and+human+health%3A+Developing+partnerships+between+risk+assessors+and+resource+managers&rft.issn=08922284&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of priority areas for management of the fish fauna's biological diversity: A case study in Baixada de Jacarepagua, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. TT - Identificacao de areas prioritarias papa o manejo da diversidade biologica da ictiofauna: Um estudo de caso na Baixada de Jacarepagua, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil AN - 15866017; 4026071 AB - A method to recognize environmentally sensitive areas for management of the fish fauna is proposed. As a case study, the methodology was applied to classify the aquatic environments of Baixada de Jacarepagua, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Data about the fish assemblages of the region were obtained from existing studies and in samples carried monthly between March/1992 and January/1993. Local ecosystems were grouped into lagoons (Laguna da Tijuca, Laguna de Marapendi and Laguna de Jacarepagua), rivers and wetlands. River sections were classified in headwaters and lowlands. Wetlands were arranged into temporary or permanent swamps. Statistical methods of association were applied to identify ecological groups of species and to assess the affinity between the ecosystems. The environmental sensitivity was considered as the resilience capacity of the different systems and the importance of each ecosystem in the conservation of endemic/endangered taxa and of biodiversity. In order to obtain the sensitivity, data on the richness of the region, and of each ecosystem, and the proportion of primary, eucenes, exclusive and endangered taxa were converted into sensitivity determinants' factors (endemism, particularity, vulnerability, resilience, biodiversity), calculated for each environment. The total sensibility of each habitat was obtained using the multiatribute value theory (MVAT), producing scores that are positively associated with the degree of restriction that each environment presents to the establishment of human activities. In the Baixada de Jacarepagua region, the decreasing gradient of sensibility was represented by the following ordination headwaters, temporary swamps, lowlands, Laguna da Tijuca, permanent swamps, Laguna de Marapendi and Laguna de Jacarepagua. JF - Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnologia AU - Fontenelle Bizerril, CRS AD - Laboratorio de Avaliacao Ambiental, Depto. de Cienc. Naturais, Univ. do Rio de Janeiro, UNI-RIO, Rua Roquete Pinto, 59, Apto. 202 Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 295 EP - 305 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0365-0979, 0365-0979 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Brazil, Rio de Janeiro KW - habitat KW - wetlands KW - freshwater fish KW - environment management KW - Brackish KW - coastal lagoons KW - Freshwater KW - rivers KW - species diversity KW - resource management KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15866017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arquivos+de+Biologia+e+Tecnologia&rft.atitle=Identification+of+priority+areas+for+management+of+the+fish+fauna%27s+biological+diversity%3A+A+case+study+in+Baixada+de+Jacarepagua%2C+Rio+de+Janeiro%2C+RJ%2C+Brazil.&rft.au=Fontenelle+Bizerril%2C+CRS&rft.aulast=Fontenelle+Bizerril&rft.aufirst=CRS&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arquivos+de+Biologia+e+Tecnologia&rft.issn=03650979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Portuguese DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - habitat; freshwater fish; wetlands; environment management; coastal lagoons; rivers; resource management; species diversity; Brazil, Rio de Janeiro; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - BOOK T1 - SMAC: Spatial optimisation model for analysing catchment management AN - 15865414; 4024086 AB - The ways in which people use land tends to follow economic motivations. Environmental considerations are often ignored until resource degradation reaches the stage of economic significance. Environmental side-effects of land-use activities are not confined to the area where they apply. In the case of agricultural land use, the way in which farmers use their land may impact on the profitability of neighbouring properties, other properties in the region, and the welfare of the wider community. The question arises as to which land-use practices would be financially viable for the farms as well as ensure environmental sustainability of agricultural land use. This paper outlines the framework of SMAC, a modelling tool that is being developed to analyse the economic and environmental sustainability of land use in catchments. It uses a spatial optimisation approach in a dynamic context. The methodology is applied to the Liverpool Plains catchment in northern New South Wales, Australia. Here, rising saline groundwater tables cause extensive soil salinisation. The underlying hydrological imbalance has been triggered by European-style land-use practices. The conceptual approach of the model combines farm behaviour and catchment response as two process levels. It seeks to provide assistance in developing a land-use strategy for sustainable agriculture in the catchment and provides a tool for assessing the implications of policy changes to enhance the process. JF - Environmental Software [ENVIRON. SOFTWARE]. Vol. 11, no. 1-3. 1996. AU - Greiner, R A2 - Hansen, D A2 - Jakeman, A (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 KW - salinization KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - hydrology KW - land management KW - optimization KW - environmental policy KW - land use KW - catchment areas KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15865414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Greiner%2C+R&rft.aulast=Greiner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=SMAC%3A+Spatial+optimisation+model+for+analysing+catchment+management&rft.title=SMAC%3A+Spatial+optimisation+model+for+analysing+catchment+management&rft.issn=02669838&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of endosulfan toxicity and food level on growth and crest morphology of Daphnia cephalata AN - 15858701; 4012953 AB - Many species of Daphnia possess a crest or cephalic expansion. The crest reduces the daphnids' vulnerability to invertebrate predation. Crest height is an ecologically important and easily measured morphological parameter. Toxicologically-induced variation in crest growth may have important consequences for daphnid populations. The effects of exposure to the organochlorine pesticide endosulfan and high or low food levels on crest morphology and life-history parameters of D. cephalata were measured in a laboratory bioassay. Parameters that were measured included length at first reproduction, first brood size and age at maturity. The effects of endosulfan and food level on absolute crest size and relative crest growth also were measured. Exposure to endosulfan at 98 mu g/L and low food level significantly reduced length and brood size at first reproduction. Age at maturity was not affected by endosulfan but was increased at the low food level. Absolute crest growth was reduced at 22 mu g/L endosulfan and at low food level, however relative growth of the crest was not affected by either factor. The results suggest that crest growth may be an important end-point for determining the no-effect concentrations for environmental pollutants. The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) of endosulfan to D. cephalata based on growth and reproduction was 49 mu g/L. The NOEC based on crest height was <22 mu g/L. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Barry, MJ AU - Schifko, A AU - Holdway, DA AD - Key Cent. for Applied and Nutr. Toxicol., RMIT-Univ., City Campus, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 43 EP - 48 VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Daphnia cephalata KW - animal morphology KW - bioassay KW - bioassays KW - chlorine compounds KW - crest KW - crest height KW - endosulfan KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - freshwater organisms KW - growth KW - morphology KW - organochlorine compounds KW - predation KW - sexual reproduction KW - sublethal effects KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - vulnerability KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - insecticides KW - Daphnia KW - pesticides KW - X 24134:Pathology KW - Q1 08281:General KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15858701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+endosulfan+toxicity+and+food+level+on+growth+and+crest+morphology+of+Daphnia+cephalata&rft.au=Barry%2C+MJ%3BSchifko%2C+A%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Barry&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; freshwater organisms; chlorine compounds; predation; bioassays; toxicity tests; animal morphology; sexual reproduction; sublethal effects; vulnerability; pesticides; freshwater crustaceans; growth; morphology; toxicity testing; organochlorine compounds; endosulfan; bioassay; Daphnia; Daphnia cephalata; Freshwater ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Application of constructed wetlands to treat some toxic wastewaters under tropical conditions AN - 15847884; 4016414 AB - This study evaluated the potential of a free water surface constructed wetland system in treating some toxic wastewater (i.e. phenolic and heavy metals). In a temperature range of 22-30 degree C, the constructed wetland units, whose hydraulic retention times (HRT) were 5-7 days, could remove more than 99% of the input phenol when they were operated at or below the organic loading rates (OLR) and influent phenol concentrations of 270 kg COD/(ha.d) and 400 mg/l, respectively. The effluent dissolved oxygen (DO) levels were 4-7 mg /l at OLR of 40-140 kg COD/(ha.d), but these DO levels decreased to 0.2-0.3 mg/l when the OLR were increased to 165-270 kg COD/(ha.d). Under similar operating conditions, the constructed wetland units could remove more than 99% of the applied chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni), when either the Cr or Ni influent concentrations were 1-50 mg /l. The phenolic and heavy metal compounds were found to accumulate mostly at the roots of Typha, followed by the stems and leaves. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Polprasert, C AU - Dan, N P AU - Thayalakumaran, N A2 - Bally, D A2 - Asano, T A2 - Bhamidimarri, R A2 - Chin, KK A2 - Grabow, WOK A2 - Hall, ER A2 - Ohgaki, S A2 - Orhon, D A2 - Milburn, A A2 - Purdon, CD A2 - Nagle, PT (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SN - 0080430910 KW - Typha KW - cattails KW - constructed wetlands KW - load distribution KW - organic loading KW - retention time KW - tropical environments KW - tropical regions KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - Freshwater KW - industrial wastes KW - phenols KW - toxicity KW - chemical oxygen demand KW - heavy metals KW - biodegradation KW - aquatic plants KW - dissolved oxygen KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15847884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Polprasert%2C+C%3BDan%2C+N+P%3BThayalakumaran%2C+N&rft.aulast=Polprasert&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0080430910&rft.btitle=Application+of+constructed+wetlands+to+treat+some+toxic+wastewaters+under+tropical+conditions&rft.title=Application+of+constructed+wetlands+to+treat+some+toxic+wastewaters+under+tropical+conditions&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Treatment and disposal of domestic sewage sludge and nightsoil sludge for Bangkok AN - 15847858; 4016411 AB - In the recent past, treatment and disposal of sewage sludge has become an expensive and environmentally sensitive problem in western countries. It is becoming a growing problem worldwide with its focus on the megacities in the newly developed countries, since sludge production will continue to increase as new sewage treatment plants are built and environment quality standards become more stringent. With some traditional disposal routes coming under pressure, the challenge facing the wastewater treatment authorities is to find cost-effective and environmentally sound solutions whilst responding to increasing public awareness. This paper describes the development of a plan for integrated management of municipal sludges (sewage sludge, nightsoil/septage sludge) which has high security for medium- and long-term sludge utilization and disposal as the goal. It concludes that incineration and agricultural use should be implemented and operated in parallel as first priority options. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Stoll, U AU - Parameswaran, K A2 - Bally, D A2 - Asano, T A2 - Bhamidimarri, R A2 - Chin, KK A2 - Grabow, WOK A2 - Hall, ER A2 - Ohgaki, S A2 - Orhon, D A2 - Milburn, A A2 - Purdon, CD A2 - Nagle, PT (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SN - 0080430910 KW - nightsoil sludge KW - Thailand, Bangkok KW - sludge utilization KW - planning KW - sewage sludge KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - environmental quality KW - sludge KW - waste management KW - urban areas KW - agriculture KW - standards KW - incineration KW - sludge disposal KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15847858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Stoll%2C+U%3BParameswaran%2C+K&rft.aulast=Stoll&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0080430910&rft.btitle=Treatment+and+disposal+of+domestic+sewage+sludge+and+nightsoil+sludge+for+Bangkok&rft.title=Treatment+and+disposal+of+domestic+sewage+sludge+and+nightsoil+sludge+for+Bangkok&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - DNA typing of hops (Humulus lupulus) through application of RAPD and microsatellite marker sequences converted to sequence tagged sites (STS) AN - 15817499; 4003336 AB - Both random amplified polymorphic DNA and microsatellite repeat sequences were investigated as DNA markers for distinguishing hop cultivars. Microsatellite sequences converted to STS markers proved to be most successful. The relative abundance of microsatellite repeat sequences in the hop genome varied depending on the sequence class. Of the repeat types investigated the dinucleotide repeats (GA) sub(n) and (GT) sub(n) are the most highly represented in the hop genome. Microsatellite repeat sequences in hops have been shown to be highly polymorphic and are very informative as STS molecular markers. A DNA typing system using sequence-tagged microsatellite site markers has been developed which will not only be useful for hop cultivar identification but also marker assisted breeding and quality control purposes. JF - Euphytica AU - Brady, J L AU - Scott, N S AU - Thomas, M R AD - CSIRO Div. Horticulture, GPO Box 350, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 277 EP - 284 VL - 91 IS - 3 SN - 0014-2336, 0014-2336 KW - DNA KW - cultivars KW - dinucleotides KW - nucleotide sequence KW - polymorphism KW - repeated sequence KW - sequence tagged sites KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - random amplified polymorphic DNA KW - genetic markers KW - Humulus lupulus KW - plant breeding KW - microsatellites KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07356:Monocotyledons (miscellaneous) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15817499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euphytica&rft.atitle=DNA+typing+of+hops+%28Humulus+lupulus%29+through+application+of+RAPD+and+microsatellite+marker+sequences+converted+to+sequence+tagged+sites+%28STS%29&rft.au=Brady%2C+J+L%3BScott%2C+N+S%3BThomas%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Euphytica&rft.issn=00142336&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - random amplified polymorphic DNA; genetic markers; plant breeding; microsatellites; Humulus lupulus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling applications AN - 15813197; 4000444 AB - The concept of predictive microbiology has developed rapidly through the initial phases of experimental design and model development and the subsequent phase of model validation. A fully validated model represents a general rule which may be brought to bear on particular cases. For some microorganism/food combinations, sufficient confidence now exists to indicate substantial benefits to the food industry from use of predictive models. Several types of devices are available to monitor and record environmental conditions (particularly temperature). These "environmental histories" can be interpreted, using predictive models, in terms of microbial proliferation. The current challenge is to provide systems for the collection and interpretation of environmental information which combine ease of use, reliability, and security, providing the industrial user with the ability to make informed and precise decisions regarding the quality and safety of foods. Many specific applications for predictive modeling can be developed from a basis of understanding the inherent qualities of a fully validated model. These include increased precision and confidence in predictions based on accumulation of quantitative data, objective and rapid assessment of the effect of environmental conditions on microbial proliferation, and flexibility in monitoring the relative contribution of component parts of processing, distribution, and storage systems for assurance of shelf life and safety. JF - Journal of Food Protection AU - McMeekin, T A AU - Ross, T AD - Department of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - sup IS - 3742 SN - 0362-028X, 0362-028X KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - food quality KW - mathematical models KW - contamination KW - microorganisms KW - A 01017:Human foods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15813197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.atitle=Modeling+applications&rft.au=McMeekin%2C+T+A%3BRoss%2C+T&rft.aulast=McMeekin&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=sup&rft.issue=3742&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Food+Protection&rft.issn=0362028X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; food quality; microorganisms; contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A blinded comparison of two methods of viral susceptibility testing: Plaque reduction assay versus microplate in situ ELISA AN - 15801634; 3995856 AB - Viral susceptibility testing has been shown to have a role in the management of patients with herpes simplex infections. In this study, 25 isolates of herpes simplex virus representing a broad spectrum of acyclovir-susceptible and -resistant phenotypes were tested using a microplate in situ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MISE). This method is objective and more rapid than the traditional plaque reduction assay (PRA). The previously derived PRA results were not known at the time of testing with the MISE method. The correlation coefficient between PRA and MISE was 0.85. Agreement on sensitive or resistant was reached for 21 of 25 isolates. The standardised microplate in situ ELISA was found to be an acceptable alternative to the plaque reduction assay. JF - Journal of Virological Methods AU - Leahy, B J AU - Christiansen, K J AU - Collins, P AD - Virol. Lab., Dep. Microbiol., Royal Perth Hosp., Box X2213 GPO Perth 6001, Western Australia, Australia Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 85 EP - 90 VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0166-0934, 0166-0934 KW - acyclovir KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Virology & AIDS Abstracts KW - plaque assay KW - phenotypes KW - herpes simplex virus KW - antibiotic sensitivity testing KW - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - A 01114:Viruses KW - V 22091:Immunological techniques & reagents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15801634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.atitle=A+blinded+comparison+of+two+methods+of+viral+susceptibility+testing%3A+Plaque+reduction+assay+versus+microplate+in+situ+ELISA&rft.au=Leahy%2C+B+J%3BChristiansen%2C+K+J%3BCollins%2C+P&rft.aulast=Leahy&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Virological+Methods&rft.issn=01660934&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - herpes simplex virus; phenotypes; plaque assay; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; antibiotic sensitivity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transpiration by trees from contrasting forest types AN - 15792733; 3988693 AB - Temperate rainforests and eucalypt forests of coastal south-eastern Australia are distributed differentially with aspect. Rainforests, in which Ceratopetalum apetalum D.Don and Doryphora sassafras Endl. are the dominant tree species, occur on slopes of southerly aspect and along gully bottoms, whereas eucalypt forests, dominated by Eucalyptus maculata Hook., occur on upper slopes of northerly aspect and on ridge tops. Whether transpiration rates of trees differed across the rainforest-eucalypt forest boundary on north and south facing aspects was tested by measuring stem sap flow in trees in a single catchment during winter, summer and autumn. Differences in transpiration rate by trees in these stands were due to various combinations of biological and physical factors. Firstly, mean maximum transpiration rate per tree (crown area basis) was greater in rainforest on the gully bottom where deep soil water from down-slope drainage was greater than in eucalypt forest located upslope on the northern aspect. By contrast, there was no difference between maximum transpiration rates in rainforest and eucalypt forest on the southern aspect. Variation in transpiration rate between seasons was not related to variation in surface soil moisture content (<0.35 m depth). Secondly, transpiration rates per unit crown area in rainforest at the gully bottom were associated with higher leaf area indices than upslope on the northern aspect. However, in rainforest upslope on the southern aspect, higher transpiration rates were not associated with higher leaf area indices. Thirdly, trees in eucalypt forest maintained similar sapwood moisture contents in summer as in winter and autumn, whereas sapwood moisture contents declined in rainforest trees in summer, suggesting that eucalypts had access to water from deep within the soil profile which was unavailable to more shallow rooting rainforest trees. Fourthly, higher modal and maximal sap velocities in eucalypt trees were partly due to wider xylem vessels and resulted in faster maximum sap flow and greater daily total water use in all seasons on both aspects than in rainforest species. Finally, as atmospheric demand for water increased from winter to summer, transpiration rates were mediated by stomatal closure as indicated by lower average midday shoot conductance to water vapour during summer than other seasons. The interaction between microenvironment, which determines water availability, and physiological attributes, which determine tree water acquisition and use, may contribute to the differential distribution of rainforest and eucalypt forest with aspect in south-eastern Australia. JF - Australian Journal of Botany AU - Barrett, D J AU - Hatton, T J AU - Ash, JE AU - Ball, M C AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 249 EP - 263 VL - 44 IS - 3 SN - 0067-1924, 0067-1924 KW - vegetation patterns KW - orientation KW - coastal environments KW - canopy KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - forests KW - Australia, Southeast KW - topography KW - transpiration KW - trees KW - SW 0860:Water and plants KW - D 04125:Temperate forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15792733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.atitle=Transpiration+by+trees+from+contrasting+forest+types&rft.au=Barrett%2C+D+J%3BHatton%2C+T+J%3BAsh%2C+JE%3BBall%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=249&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Botany&rft.issn=00671924&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - forests; topography; transpiration; canopy; trees; Australia, Southeast; vegetation patterns; orientation; coastal environments ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Estuarine ichthyoplankton ecology in relation to hydrology and zooplankton dynamics in a salt-wedge estuary AN - 15791519; 3988704 AB - The ichthyoplankton assemblage of the Hopkins River estuary, Victoria, was dominated by estuarine taxa that included demersal (goby, gudgeon) and pelagic (black bream, estuary perch, anchovy) species. The two seasonal peaks in fish larvae abundance were related to (1) the spring/summer zooplankton increase that occurred after flooding of the estuary and was comprised predominantly of copepod nauplii, thereby providing a good prey field for very young fish larvae, and (2) the autumn zooplankton maxima, which would provide a wide selection of copepod stages and meroplankton and promote dietary partitioning and flexibility among older larval stages. The two peaks in fish larvae abundance occurred well before and well after the attainment of maximum water temperature in the estuary. Goby, gudgeon, estuary perch and anchovy larvae were in the plankton over an extended period coinciding with the more stable conditions of salt-wedge presence and maximum zooplankton densities. The spawning of black bream and anchovies in the estuary was clearly related to physical conditions, such as salinity and water temperature, and habitat-although spawning of both species also occurred at times of high concentrations of potential prey organisms for their larvae. Adults of all the above fish species appear to have evolved spawning strategies that are adapted to the average hydrological and biological conditions in the estuary that would lead to the enhanced survival of their larvae. With the exception of the black bream, it appears that a ubiquitous and prolonged rather than a synchronous and confined spawning strategy is more widely used by estuarine-spawning fishes in the Hopkins River estuary. This type of spawning strategy, combined with the generally high density of food available to fish larvae in estuaries, suggests that the match-mismatch hypothesis of Cushing may be less relevant in the estuarine than in the marine environment. JF - Marine and freshwater research AU - Newton, G M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 13 EP - 111 KW - ichthyoplankton KW - community composition KW - population changes KW - fish populations KW - saline-freshwater interfaces KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - hydrology KW - Australia, Victoria KW - phenology KW - estuaries KW - ecology KW - D 04668:Fish KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15791519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Ecology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Newton%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Estuarine+ichthyoplankton+ecology+in+relation+to+hydrology+and+zooplankton+dynamics+in+a+salt-wedge+estuary&rft.title=Estuarine+ichthyoplankton+ecology+in+relation+to+hydrology+and+zooplankton+dynamics+in+a+salt-wedge+estuary&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phenotypic and DNA relatedness between nematode symbionts and clinical strains of the genus Photorhabdus (Enterobacteriaceae) AN - 15772188; 3981801 AB - Bacterial strains isolated from wide ranges of nematode hosts and geographic sources and strains isolated from human clinical specimens were used to assess the taxonomic structure of the genus Photorhabdus. The following two methods were used: DNA relatedness and phenotypic characterization. Analysis of the DNA relatedness data revealed that all of the strains studied were congeneric and that the genus Photorhabdus is, on the basis of DNA relatedness data, more homogeneous than the other genus of nematode-symbiotic bacteria, the genus Xenorhabdus. In contrast to previous reports, only two DNA relatedness groups were identified in the genus Photorhabdus. These groups corresponded to the symbiotic strains and the clinical strains. There appeared to be some subgroups within the symbiotic strain group on the basis of the interactions of the strains with nematodes, which corresponded to some extent with the DNA relatedness data. However, there were significant ambiguities in the DNA relatedness data, and this group could not be subdivided on the basis of DNA relatedness data or phenotypic data. The distinct functional differences within and between the DNA relatedness groups of symbiotic Photorhabdus strains indicated that there are biologically significant subgroups within the genus Photorhabdus that cannot be defined at this time. Further investigation of the taxonomy of Photorhabdus by using different approaches and a suitably wide range of strains is recommended. However, it is clear that the clinical strains form a recognizable subgroup within the genus even though no formal subtaxon can be defined at this time. JF - International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology AU - Akhurst, R J AU - Mourant, R G AU - Baud, L AU - Boemare, N E AD - Div. Entomol., Commonwealth Scientific and Ind. Res. Organisation, GPO Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1034 EP - 1041 VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 0020-7713, 0020-7713 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - hybridization analysis KW - Photorhabdus KW - DNA KW - taxonomy KW - Nematoda KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15772188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Systematic+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Phenotypic+and+DNA+relatedness+between+nematode+symbionts+and+clinical+strains+of+the+genus+Photorhabdus+%28Enterobacteriaceae%29&rft.au=Akhurst%2C+R+J%3BMourant%2C+R+G%3BBaud%2C+L%3BBoemare%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Akhurst&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1034&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Systematic+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00207713&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photorhabdus; Nematoda; DNA; hybridization analysis; taxonomy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ammonia volatilization and denitrification losses from nitrogen fertilized flooded soil as affected by the addition of iron pyrites AN - 15768561; 3980813 AB - Results of a laboratory study indicated that iron pyrites reduced nitrous oxide (N sub(2)O) and NH sub(3) evolution from flooded soil fertilized with KNO sub(3) or urea. Total gaseous (N sub(2)O + NH sub(3)) loss was reduced by 47.3% with the addition of pyrite compared to the urea alone treatment. JF - Current science. Bangalore AU - Blaise, D AU - Amberger, A AU - Von Tucher, S AD - Central Inst. for Cotton Res., GPO Bag 225, Nagpur 440 001, India Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 142 EP - 144 VL - 71 IS - 2 SN - 0011-3891, 0011-3891 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - flooding KW - ureas KW - denitrification KW - ammonia KW - pyrite KW - nitrogen KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15768561?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+science.+Bangalore&rft.atitle=Ammonia+volatilization+and+denitrification+losses+from+nitrogen+fertilized+flooded+soil+as+affected+by+the+addition+of+iron+pyrites&rft.au=Blaise%2C+D%3BAmberger%2C+A%3BVon+Tucher%2C+S&rft.aulast=Blaise&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+science.+Bangalore&rft.issn=00113891&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia; denitrification; nitrogen; flooding; ureas; pyrite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Source and distribution of dissolved radium in the Bega River estuary, southeastern Australia AN - 15768256; 3975754 AB - Measurements of the activities of the four naturally occurring radium isotopes in the surface water and porewater of an estuary have yielded information on the release of radium from sediments and on the extent of surface water-porewater interaction in the estuary. Under low-flow conditions, the non-conservative behaviour of dissolved radium in the estuary is almost entirely due to the flux of radium from estuarine bed sediments. Radium accumulates in bottom sediment porewater, and is then mixed with estuarine surface water, probably as a result of tidal action. It is shown experimentally that the enrichment of the short-lived isotopes ( super(224)Ra and super(223)Ra) relative to super(226)Ra in estuarine porewater can be explained by the repeated leaching of radium from bottom sediments by saline water, and the rapid regeneration of the short-lived isotope activity from their sediment-bound parent nuclides. The leaching of radium from bottom sediments is apparently occurring on a time scale which is long (weeks-months) compared with the super(224)Ra and super(223)Ra half-lives, indicating that the amount of ion-exchangeable radium adsorbed to the sediments is large compared with the amount dissolved in porewater. By applying a simple 2-D steady-state multi-box model, super(224)Ra and super(223)Ra surface water and porewater concentrations have been used to estimate the daily flux of porewater crossing the sediment-water interface in the Bega estuary. This flux is found to be about 15% of the estuary volume. JF - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AU - Hancock, G J AU - Murray, A S AD - CSIRO Div. Water Resour., GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 145 EP - 155 VL - 138 IS - 1-4 SN - 0012-821X, 0012-821X KW - Australia, New South Wales, Bega Estuary KW - estuarine chemistry KW - interstitial water KW - pore water KW - radium KW - radium isotopes KW - sediment chemistry KW - sediment-water interface KW - water pollution sources KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - ISEW, Australia, New South Wales, Bega Estuary KW - estuaries KW - ion exchange KW - surface water KW - Brackish KW - leaching KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15768256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Source+and+distribution+of+dissolved+radium+in+the+Bega+River+estuary%2C+southeastern+Australia&rft.au=Hancock%2C+G+J%3BMurray%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Hancock&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.issn=0012821X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; sediment-water interface; radium; radium isotopes; surface water; estuarine chemistry; ion exchange; leaching; sediment chemistry; pore water; water pollution sources; interstitial water; ISEW, Australia, New South Wales, Bega Estuary; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of multiplicity of infection on Listeria monocytogenes pathogenicity for HeLa and Caco-2 cell lines AN - 15760776; 3982276 AB - The significance of multiplicity of infection (moi) for invasiveness and intracellular multiplication of Listeria monocytogenes in Caco-2 and HeLa cell monolayers was investigated. A low moi (1:1) resulted in recovery of significantly more L. monocytogenes when these bacteria were used to infect either cell line. At high moi (100:1), the percentage recovery of bacteria was comparatively low, even after extensive invasion and intracellular multiplication. Microscopic analysis of Giemsa- and immunofluorescent-stained infected monolayers revealed extensive cell disruption and exposure of the internalised bacteria to the bactericidal effect of gentamicin. By contrast, a low moi resulted in minimal cytopathic effects and evidence of cell to cell spread by L. monocytogenes was consistently observed in HeLa and J774, but not in Caco-2 cell lines. Nevertheless, the use of HeLa and Caco-2 cell monolayers enabled a clear distinction to be made between invasive (L. monocytogenes) and non-invasive Listeria spp. (L. innocua, L. ivanovii, L. seeligeri, L. grayi, L. welshimeri and L. monocytogenes LLO19). The use of a low moi with HeLa cell monolayers provided a reliable tissue-culture model of infection for L. monocytogenes. JF - Journal of Medical Microbiology AU - Francis AU - Thomas, C J AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Adelaide, GPO Box 498, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005 Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 323 EP - 330 VL - 45 IS - 5 SN - 0022-2615, 0022-2615 KW - Caco-2 cells KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - listeriosis KW - HeLa cells KW - cell division KW - invasions KW - J 02721:Cell cycle, morphology and motility UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15760776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Medical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+multiplicity+of+infection+on+Listeria+monocytogenes+pathogenicity+for+HeLa+and+Caco-2+cell+lines&rft.au=Francis%3BThomas%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Francis&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Medical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00222615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Listeria monocytogenes; HeLa cells; invasions; cell division; listeriosis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of UVA exposure to solar radiation AN - 15756103; 3982321 AB - Exposure to solar UVA (320--400 nm) radiation can damage DNA and lead to skin disorders. Conventional dosimetry using a single piece of polysulfone or diglycol carbonate (CR-39) cannot provide accurate measurement of the biologically effective irradiance for erythema for the UVA waveband. A package employing four dosimeters (polysulfone, nalidixic acid, 8-methoxypsoralen and phenothiazine) has been shown to be effective for use as a spectrum evaluator for evaluating the UVA source spectrum. In Brisbane, on a horizontal position, the spectrum evaluator requires about 5 min exposure in summer and about 20 min in winter. This amounts to about 10 mJ cm super(-2) of erythemal UV radiation. JF - Photochemistry and Photobiology AU - Wong, JCF AU - Parisi, A V AD - School of Physics, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 807 EP - 810 VL - 63 IS - 6 SN - 0031-8655, 0031-8655 KW - polysulfone KW - nalidixic acid KW - methoxsalen KW - phenothiazine KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - dosimetry KW - U.V. radiation KW - solar radiation KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photochemistry+and+Photobiology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+UVA+exposure+to+solar+radiation&rft.au=Wong%2C+JCF%3BParisi%2C+A+V&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=JCF&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photochemistry+and+Photobiology&rft.issn=00318655&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - solar radiation; U.V. radiation; dosimetry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transgenic white clover. Studies with the auxin-responsive promoter, GH3, in root gravitropism and lateral root development AN - 15752728; 3975996 AB - We report an improved method for white clover (Trifolium repens) transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. High efficiencies of transgenic plant production were achieved using cotyledons of imbibed mature seed. Transgenic plants were recovered routinely from over 50% of treated cotyledons. The bar gene and phosphinothricin selection was shown to be a more effective selection system than nptII (kanamycin selection) or aadA (spectinomycin selection). White clover was transformed with the soybean auxin responsive promoter, GH3, fused to the GUS gene ( beta -glucuronidase) to study the involvement of auxin in root development. Analysis of 12 independent transgenic plants showed that the location and pattern of GUS expression was consistent but the levels of expression varied. The level of GH3:GUS expression in untreated plants was enhanced specifically by auxin-treatment but the pattern of expression was not altered. Expression of the GH3:GUS fusion was not enhanced by other phytohormones. A consistent GUS expression pattern was evident in untreated plants presumably in response to endogenous auxin or to differences in auxin sensitivity in various clover tissues. In untreated plants, the pattern of GH3:GUS expression was consistent with physiological responses which are regarded as being auxin-mediated. For the first time it is shown that localised spots of GH3:GUS activity occurred in root cortical tissue opposite the sites where lateral roots subsequently were initiated. Newly formed lateral roots grew towards and through these islands of GH3:GUS expression, implying the importance of auxin in controlling lateral root development. Similarly, it is demonstrated for the first time that gravistimulated roots developed a rapid (within 1 h) induction of GH3:GUS activity in tissues on the non-elongating side of the responding root and this induction occurred concurrently with root curvature. These transgenic plants could be useful tools in determining the physiological and biochemical changes that occur during auxin-mediated responses. JF - Transgenic Research AU - Larkin, P J AU - Gibson, J M AU - Mathesius, U AU - Weinman, J J AU - Gartner, E AU - Hall, E AU - Tanner, G J AU - Rolfe, B G AU - Djordjevic, MA AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 325 EP - 335 VL - 5 IS - 5 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - gravitropism KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Agrobacterium tumefaciens KW - auxins KW - transgenic plants KW - roots KW - promoters KW - Trifolium repens KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07353:GENERAL KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15752728?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transgenic+Research&rft.atitle=Transgenic+white+clover.+Studies+with+the+auxin-responsive+promoter%2C+GH3%2C+in+root+gravitropism+and+lateral+root+development&rft.au=Larkin%2C+P+J%3BGibson%2C+J+M%3BMathesius%2C+U%3BWeinman%2C+J+J%3BGartner%2C+E%3BHall%2C+E%3BTanner%2C+G+J%3BRolfe%2C+B+G%3BDjordjevic%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Larkin&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transgenic+Research&rft.issn=09628819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - auxins; transgenic plants; roots; promoters; Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Trifolium repens ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Financial evaluation of options for managing tile drainage water to meet environmental constraints AN - 15749959; 3974867 AB - This document compares (for both new and existing vineyard developments) two irrigation management options, each with two sets of constraints, that aim to reduce the salt load leaving farms in sub-surface drainage water. The options considered are drip or flood irrigation, and the constraints are holding drainage water on farm in an evaporation basin or discharging it to the surface drainage system (at a cost to the farmer). Over a 15-year period, drip irrigation was found to be the most financially attractive method of drainage management when discharge of saline drainage water incurs a charge, and also under an on-farm retention constraint. This was subject to the size of the basin being at least 6.5% for the drip system and 10% for the flood system. Drip irrigation is relatively expensive to install, but its running costs, including labour and water costs, are considerably lower. On-farm storage is a more costly option than paying for discharge. All options become more profitable as vineyard area increases. JF - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Moll, J AU - Christen, E Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - saline water KW - farms KW - cultivated lands KW - tile drainage KW - water management KW - drip irrigation KW - water costs KW - economic aspects KW - SW 4030:Cost allocation, cost sharing, pricing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Moll%2C+J%3BChristen%2C+E&rft.aulast=Moll&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643059989&rft.btitle=Financial+evaluation+of+options+for+managing+tile+drainage+water+to+meet+environmental+constraints&rft.title=Financial+evaluation+of+options+for+managing+tile+drainage+water+to+meet+environmental+constraints&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Technical memorandum 96.20. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Location of colonies in royal penguins Eudyptes schlegeli: Potential costs and consequences for breeding success AN - 15749566; 3974760 AB - The factors affecting breeding success in seabirds has been the topic of debate for many decades. However, little attention has been paid to the location of a penguin colony (aside from some Antarctic colonies, such as Emperor Penguins Aptenodytes forsteri), its distance from the water and consequent extra energetic cost to breeding penguins. At Macquarie Island, Royal Penguin Eudyptes schlegeli colonies are found at a variety of altitudes from sea level, to sites approximately 200m above sea level (e.g. at Caroline Cove). The added energetic burden of colonies located away from the beach is yet to be assessed. Taking into account the number of times that an individual penguin needs to return to its nest over a breeding season, the distance and altitude of a colony from the water could substantially increase the total energetic cost of breeding, and possibly affect the breeding success of individuals. It was with this question in mind that we monitored the time taken for Royal Penguins to travel to an inland colony. From the shortest and longest time taken by Royal Penguins to reach the colony, we attempted to assess some of the factors which might affect the variation in time taken. These data were used to calculate a hypothetical energetic cost to the penguins due to the location of this colony and to assess whether location might impact on breeding success. JF - Emu AU - Hull, CL AU - Wilson, J AD - Dep. Zool., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 135 EP - 138 VL - 96 IS - 2 SN - 0158-4197, 0158-4197 KW - Australia, Macquarie I. KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Eudyptes schlegeli KW - energetics KW - site selection KW - breeding success KW - colonies KW - D 04671:Birds KW - Y 25506:Birds UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emu&rft.atitle=Location+of+colonies+in+royal+penguins+Eudyptes+schlegeli%3A+Potential+costs+and+consequences+for+breeding+success&rft.au=Hull%2C+CL%3BWilson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hull&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Emu&rft.issn=01584197&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eudyptes schlegeli; colonies; site selection; breeding success; energetics ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Habitat disturbance and marina development: An assessment of ecological effects. 1. Changes in primary production due to dredging and marina construction AN - 15749277; 3976876 AB - Potential impacts on primary production were estimated for an 800-slip marina previously planned for Davids Island, located in the extreme western portion of Long Island Sound, New York. Macroalgal and microalgal production in the area of the proposed marina was analyzed on the basis of six depth zones ranging from an existing seawall (at about +2.2 m MLW) seaward to a depth of -2.4 m MLW. Productivity measurements were based on in situ super(14)C uptake studies, chlorophyll a determinations, and varying light exposures within the euphotic zone that were the result of turbidity and semidiurnal tides. The surface area of each depth zone was multipled by the corresponding estimate of daily production calculated for eight dominant macroalgae and microalgae, and summed to estimate existing production in the proposed marina. Similarly, post-construction production was estimated by applying the calculated daily production to the appropriate areas of hard substrate (breakwater, pilings, etc.) in the euphotic zone. Pre- and post-construction macroalgal production values were 50,608 and 42,152 g C/d, respectively. This represents a 17% reduction in macroalgal production. It should be noted, however, that production on the seafloor of the marina was not accounted for. Consequently, reductions in macroalgal production that might occur are likely overestimated. Microalgal production constituted less than 3% of total primary production in the nearshore areas of Davids Island. The pre- and post-construction microalgal production values were 1,542 and 743 g C/d, respectively. This represents a 48% reduction in microalgal production in unconsolidated sediment. However, microalgal production would likely occur on hard substrates in the marina. Overall, pre- and post-construction estimates of primary production were remarkably similar, suggesting that production on hard substrates in the marina would compensate for lost production from deepening of the nearshore zone during construction. JF - Estuaries AU - Iannuzzi, T J AU - Weinstein, M P AU - Sellner, K G AU - Barrett, J C A2 - Spagnolo, RJ A2 - Ambrogio, E A2 - Rielly, FJ Jr (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 15 EP - 271 KW - USA, Long Island Sound KW - chlorophyll KW - chlorophylls KW - development projects KW - ecological effects KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - ecosystem dynamics KW - environmental impact KW - habitats KW - marinas KW - primary production KW - primary productivity KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - algae KW - dredging KW - construction KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - K 03009:Algae KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Iannuzzi%2C+T+J%3BWeinstein%2C+M+P%3BSellner%2C+K+G%3BBarrett%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Iannuzzi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Habitat+disturbance+and+marina+development%3A+An+assessment+of+ecological+effects.+1.+Changes+in+primary+production+due+to+dredging+and+marina+construction&rft.title=Habitat+disturbance+and+marina+development%3A+An+assessment+of+ecological+effects.+1.+Changes+in+primary+production+due+to+dredging+and+marina+construction&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life history of the Onopordum capitulum weevil Larinus latus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) AN - 15746321; 3975380 AB - The population structure and stage-specific survival of the capitulum weevil, Larinus latus, a potential control agent for weedy Onopordum thistles in Australia, was studied in its native range in Greece. Although fecundity of this univoltine insect was low (35.4 eggs/female), survival was relatively high, with 45% of eggs reaching adulthood when protected from predators and parasitoids, and 23% surviving when exposed to these natural enemies. Other mortality factors of importance for immature stages were a failure to establish, due largely to oviposition by females on inappropriate sites on the thistle capitula, and inter- and intraspecific competition for larval resources. Once emerged, adult losses due to overwintering mortality and net migration were estimated at a further 48%. Despite these losses there was a net doubling of the population at the study site between Onopordum flowering seasons. The data suggest that movement of adults occurs both within and between patches and that variability in population size relative to the resource base is low. Overall, L. latus may be considered a K-strategist which forms relatively stable populations over a fragmented habitat and which maintains its population integrity through a certain degree of annual redistribution. The implications of these data for the potential effectiveness of L. latus as a biological control agent of weedy Onopordum spp. are discussed. JF - Oecologia AU - Briese, D T AD - CSIRO Div. Entomol., GPO Box 1700, Canberra 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 454 EP - 463 VL - 105 IS - 4 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Larinus latus KW - Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Greece KW - Coleoptera KW - Curculionidae KW - life history KW - Onopordum KW - Z 05197:Habits & life histories KW - D 04659:Insects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15746321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Life+history+of+the+Onopordum+capitulum+weevil+Larinus+latus+%28Coleoptera%3A+Curculionidae%29&rft.au=Briese%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Briese&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Onopordum; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Greece; life history ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Minimising FILTER area required to treat sewerage effluent while maintaining phosphorus balance AN - 15745873; 3974865 AB - FILTER (Filtration and Irrigated cropping for Land Treatment and Effluent Reuse) is a novel technique for reducing nutrients in sewerage effluent below levels recommended by the Environment Protection Agency for discharge to surface water bodies. The success of the technique at different sites depends on the selection of the FILTER design and operational practices to suit the on-site soil and hydrological conditions. Computer management systems based on optimisation techniques could assist wastewater managers to design and operate FILTER plots efficiently. Based on preliminary field trial results from a FILTER plot at Griffith City Council sewerage works, phosphorus balance was identified as the main factor in minimising FILTER area, which would in turn reduce capital costs. A dynamic programming model was therefore developed to determine the minimum area for maintaining phosphorus balance on FILTER plots. Here, the model formulation and preliminary analysis of the model output are presented. The minimum area required to maintain phosphorus balance for the modelled site conditions at the Griffith site is 116 ha. However, if only the crop rotations that maximise phosphorus uptake were used on all irrigation blocks, the area could be reduced to 86 ha. Data analysis shows that if the total phosphorus uptake capacity of the crops grown in 6 cropping phases exceeds 290 kg/ha, the area required is not constrained by the phosphorus uptake capacity but by the maximum hydraulic loading rate in the winter phase. JF - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Zhanyi, G AU - Jayawardane, N S AU - Prathapar, SA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater irrigation KW - land disposal KW - wastewater treatment KW - cultivated lands KW - phosphorus KW - wastewater disposal KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15745873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Zhanyi%2C+G%3BJayawardane%2C+N+S%3BPrathapar%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Zhanyi&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643059040&rft.btitle=Minimising+FILTER+area+required+to+treat+sewerage+effluent+while+maintaining+phosphorus+balance&rft.title=Minimising+FILTER+area+required+to+treat+sewerage+effluent+while+maintaining+phosphorus+balance&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Technical memorandum 96.17. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Sediment tracing using mineral magnetism in the Molonglo/Queanbeyan River system AN - 15745007; 3974868 AB - Using environmental magnetism to determine, at river confluences, sidestream sediment contributions, we show that both the concentration and magnetic grain size of ferrimagnetic minerals in the sediment must be taken into account. Where the difference in magnetic grain size between upstream and sidestream sediments is small, the use of parameter cross plots or bulked magnetic ratios is generally not appropriate and the use of mass (concentration) magnetic values may be better. A difference between the methods is that cross plots require a wide range of mass magnetic concentrations in each branch (with the upstream and side stream sediments having different magnetic grain sizes), whereas the mass values procedure does best with a very limited (but different) range of concentrations at the upstream and side stream branches, but with similar magnetic grain sizes. For the cross plots in particular, the most appropriate magnetic parameters are likely to be different for different particle sizes. Examination of certain magnetic ratios indicates magnetic grain size and, consequently, the most appropriate parameters to use in the cross plots. The downstream trends in sediment magnetics in the Queanbeyan River very clearly reflected the change from the granitic lithology of the upper area to the sedimentary lithology further downstream; this showed up as changes in magnetic grain size and in magnetics/particle size relationships. Because the lithology of the whole Molonglo catchment is sedimentary, the major downstream trends were changes in concentration of magnetic minerals; that is, the magnetic grain sizes and magnetics/particle size relationships showed no consistent downstream changes. JF - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Crockford, R H AU - Starr, B J Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Australia, Queanbeyan R. KW - Australia, Molonglo R. KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - sediment transport KW - river systems KW - statistical analysis KW - drainage patterns KW - mineralogy KW - magnetic studies KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15745007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Crockford%2C+R+H%3BStarr%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Crockford&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643059970&rft.btitle=Sediment+tracing+using+mineral+magnetism+in+the+Molonglo%2FQueanbeyan+River+system&rft.title=Sediment+tracing+using+mineral+magnetism+in+the+Molonglo%2FQueanbeyan+River+system&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Technical memorandum 96.19. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - PTRACK and STREAMv2.0: Tools for empirical analysis of steady flux fields AN - 15744980; 3974866 AB - The lack of a uniquely defined streamfunction for solutions to the three-dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations forces the use of less-direct methods in classifying and quantifying the topologies of solution flow regimes. Particle-tracking techniques, using advecting massless point particles, are commonly used in such circumstances. This report describes the development and application of two tools based on such particle-tracking techniques. The first, PTRACK, is a simple Eulerian particle-tracking code designed to handle input velocity distributions calculated by standard finite-difference codes. The second, STREAMv2.0, is a superset of PTRACK with built-in logic for locating dividing streamsurfaces and storing their geometries in ASCII form for later imaging/rendering. Whereas each tool is written to handle specific input and output file formats, the modular nature of the code ensures that the task of altering the code to handle new formats is small. Applications of the two tools are discussed and results are presented. JF - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Trefry, M G AU - Townley, L R Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO, DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - computer programs KW - streamflow KW - tracking techniques KW - Poisson ratio KW - Laplace equation KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15744980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=report&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Trefry%2C+M+G%3BTownley%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Trefry&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643059008&rft.btitle=PTRACK+and+STREAMv2.0%3A+Tools+for+empirical+analysis+of+steady+flux+fields&rft.title=PTRACK+and+STREAMv2.0%3A+Tools+for+empirical+analysis+of+steady+flux+fields&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Technical memorandum 96.13. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oviposition choice by the Onopordum capitulum weevil Larinus latus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its effect on the survival of immature stages AN - 15741220; 3975099 AB - Female Larinus latus lay eggs into the capitula of their Onopordum spp. host plants from the onset of capitulum development until the completion of flowering. This tight linkage between insect life-history and plant development optimised larval survival, apart from some initial asynchrony between the readiness of the females to oviposit and the suitability of the very small capitula to physically support eggs. Eggs were laid on bracts and stems of capitula or directly in the florets, when these became available. Both the location of the egg and time of oviposition influenced mortality factors such as egg and larval parasitism, egg desiccation and larval establishment. Overall, survival of eggs laid later in the season into florets was higher, although the adults that emerged were smaller. The change in choice of oviposition site that occurs at the onset of flowering, not only favours survival, but ensures more efficient resource use by the larvae. This occurs because sequential flowering of Onopordum spp. drives a sequential oviposition pattern and spreads the egg load more evenly over the available capitula, reversing a trend earlier in the season to clump eggs that were laid directly on the bracts. Other potential constraints, such as capitulum size, absolute egg density and previous egg-laying do not play a major role in determining the oviposition pattern of L. latus. Larval survival was positively correlated with capitulum size and not strongly influenced by egg density. Competition for resources only appeared to play a role in smaller capitula, and manifested itself in a reduction in the size of emerging adults rather than the death of immatures. In the absence of strong interspecific competition, the oviposition behavior of L. latus has become geared to maximising resource use for larvae (i.e. its own potential competitiveness) rather than minimising interactions with other members of the capitulum endophage guild. JF - Oecologia AU - Briese, D T AD - CSIRO Div. Entomol., GPO Box 1700, Canberra 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 464 EP - 474 VL - 105 IS - 4 SN - 0029-8549, 0029-8549 KW - Larinus latus KW - Animal Behavior Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Coleoptera KW - Onopordum KW - immature stages KW - Curculionidae KW - oviposition KW - survival KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Y 25423:Insects KW - Z 05192:Reproductive behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15741220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oecologia&rft.atitle=Oviposition+choice+by+the+Onopordum+capitulum+weevil+Larinus+latus+%28Coleoptera%3A+Curculionidae%29+and+its+effect+on+the+survival+of+immature+stages&rft.au=Briese%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Briese&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oecologia&rft.issn=00298549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Onopordum; Coleoptera; Curculionidae; oviposition; survival; immature stages ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro interference with hepatocellular transport of taurocholate by 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-ethane AN - 15739265; 3973169 AB - In recent years workers in our laboratory have shown that several industrial chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents interfere with the transport of bile acids by hepatocytes and this interference may account for the raised concentration of serum bile acids that has been observed after occupational exposure to solvents. There has been concern about the effects on workers of a selective solvent used in degreasing electrical equipment, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (FC 113). However, this compound has not been investigated for effects on bile acid transport. Therefore we undertook the present study to examine the direct in vitro effects of FC 113 on uptake and efflux of bile acids by isolated rat hepatocytes. FC 113, at non-cytotoxic doses after a 20-min equilibration time, showed significant (P < 0.05) inhibitory effects on the initial rate of uptake of taurocholate (TC), whereas accumulation of TC over an extended incubation time was not affected. Kinetic analysis revealed a non-competitive inhibition of TC uptake as evidenced by a decline in V sub(max) and an unaltered K sub(m). The initial rate of efflux of TC and the continuous efflux of this model substrate from preloaded cells incubated with different doses of solvent were not significantly different from those of controls. However, the highest dose of solvent inhibited the process of efflux at the early time points. The data suggest that FC 113 interferes with bile acid transport in a reversible manner similar to that of the chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons. It would be expected, therefore, that this solvent would cause an increase in serum bile acids in exposed workers. JF - Toxicology In Vitro AU - Neghab, M AU - Stacey, N H AD - Toxicology Unit, National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (Worksafe Australia), The University of Sydney, GPO Box 58, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 173 EP - 181 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0887-2333, 0887-2333 KW - taurocholic acid KW - 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane KW - bile acids transport KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15739265?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=In+vitro+interference+with+hepatocellular+transport+of+taurocholate+by+1%2C1%2C2-trichloro-1%2C2%2C2-trifluoro-ethane&rft.au=Neghab%2C+M%3BStacey%2C+N+H&rft.aulast=Neghab&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The evolution of Ace Lake, Antarctica, determined from sedimentary diatom assemblages AN - 15696012; 3970959 AB - The sediments in Ace Lake in the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, contain a continuous sequence of diatom frustules that record the lake's history since its formation during the retreat of continental ice more than 9200 years ago. Frustules from six indicator groups; Pinnularia microstauron, Nitzschia cylindrus, Nitzschia curta, Eucampia antarctica, a freshwater Stauroneis species and several centric species in a sediment core were used to determine the sequence of the lake's evolution. The history of the lake falls into five stages. Ace Lake began as a marine inlet influenced by dynamic mixing of ocean and meltwater inputs. As the ice sheet retreated, isostatic uplift isolated the lake allowing it to be flushed by meltwater input from the retreating ice sheet. Over the course of 800 years ( similar to 9200-8400 super(14)C yr B.P.) the lake became meromictic supporting a freshwater diatom assemblage. Approximately 6700 years ago, coinciding with Antarctic sea level maxima, diatom assemblages indicate that seawater flooded over the sill into Ace Lake disturbing the freshwater meromixis. The sediments in this period were laminated and contained elemental sulphur suggesting that the marine input was limited in extent and energy. Approximately 5500 years ago this marine input ceased and the lake again became a meromictic basin which stabilised over 1700 years to become the lake that it is today and has been with little change for about the past 4000 years. JF - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AU - Fulford-Smith, S P AU - Sikes, EL AD - Inst. Antarctic and Southern Ocean Stud., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 73 EP - 86 VL - 124 IS - 1-2 SN - 0031-0182, 0031-0182 KW - Antarctica, Ace L. KW - Bacillariophyceae KW - fossil assemblages KW - fossils KW - history KW - lake dynamics KW - lake sediments KW - palaeoclimate KW - sediment composition KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - stratigraphy KW - sedimentation KW - Freshwater KW - diatoms KW - PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills, Ace L. KW - Q2 09273:Palaeontology KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q1 08187:Palaeontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15696012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+Ace+Lake%2C+Antarctica%2C+determined+from+sedimentary+diatom+assemblages&rft.au=Fulford-Smith%2C+S+P%3BSikes%2C+EL&rft.aulast=Fulford-Smith&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Palaeogeography%2C+Palaeoclimatology%2C+Palaeoecology&rft.issn=00310182&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - stratigraphy; diatoms; palaeoclimate; fossil assemblages; lake dynamics; sedimentation; sediment composition; history; lake sediments; Bacillariophyceae; PSE, Antarctica, Princess Elizabeth Land, Vestfold Hills, Ace L.; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Reuse of urban wastewaters in developing fringe areas of Metropolitan Adelaide AN - 15690391; 3965426 AB - Instances of the opportunistic reuse of urban wastewaters in developing fringe areas of Metropolitan Adelaide are increasing as pressures mount for environmentally safe and cost-effective land-based alternatives to continued marine discharge. JF - Desalination AU - McIntosh, G Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 355 EP - 360 VL - 106 IS - 1-3 KW - wastewater reuse KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - waste management KW - planning KW - urban areas KW - Australia, South Australia, Adelaide KW - water management KW - water demand KW - costs KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15690391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Desalination&rft.atitle=Reuse+of+urban+wastewaters+in+developing+fringe+areas+of+Metropolitan+Adelaide&rft.au=McIntosh%2C+G&rft.aulast=McIntosh&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Desalination&rft.issn=00119164&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - An investigation into greywater reuse for urban residential properties AN - 15689566; 3965430 AB - Continuing moves towards full cost recovery for potable water and the impending privatization of water supplies in the Melbourne area have enhanced public interest in the reuse of wastewater, and particularly the domestic use of greywater. Victoria University of Technology, together with support from Melbourne Water and the Department of Health and Community Services, has been investigating the practicalities, costs and social attitudes of using greywater in and around the home. Four "typical" Melbourne homes were selected and plumbed to utilize greywater for toilet flushing and garden irrigation. Social surveys were conducted by mail and phone to homeowners to determine perceived attitudes towards greywater reuse. Greywater from baths, showers, laundry troughs and washing machines is being examined for physical, chemical and microbiological parameters to determine the potential health and environmental risks associated with reuse. Soil tests were also undertaken on gardens to determine any long-term detrimental effects that might occur as a result of using greywater. This paper describes the greywater testing, results of filtration and filter designs, appropriate disinfectants, and physical findings to date. The two-year project is due for completion early in 1995. JF - Desalination AU - Christova-Boal, D AU - Eden, R E AU - McFarlane, S Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 391 EP - 397 VL - 106 IS - 1-3 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water supply KW - water conservation KW - domestic water KW - urban areas KW - water reuse KW - water management KW - greywater KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15689566?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Desalination&rft.atitle=An+investigation+into+greywater+reuse+for+urban+residential+properties&rft.au=Christova-Boal%2C+D%3BEden%2C+R+E%3BMcFarlane%2C+S&rft.aulast=Christova-Boal&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Desalination&rft.issn=00119164&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Wastewater reuse -- limitations and possibilities AN - 15689539; 3965424 AB - The use of wastewater is permitted in Victoria provided that the water quality meets certain standards. These standards are based on the specific purpose of the water and the method(s) used to distribute wastewater. Public health must not be compromised nor flora or fauna (domestic or national) adversely affected. JF - Desalination AU - Eden, R E Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 335 EP - 338 VL - 106 IS - 1-3 KW - wastewater reuse KW - regulations KW - government regulations KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Australia, Victoria KW - water quality standards KW - public health KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15689539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Desalination&rft.atitle=Wastewater+reuse+--+limitations+and+possibilities&rft.au=Eden%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Eden&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Desalination&rft.issn=00119164&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Growth kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in batch and fed-batch cultivation using sugarcane molasses and glucose syrup from cassava starch AN - 15687631; 3965907 AB - Growth kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in glucose syrup from cassava starch and sugarcane molasses were studied using batch and fed-batch cultivation. The optimum temperature and pH required for growth were 30 degree C and pH 5.5, respectively. In batch culture the productivity and overall cell yield were 0.31 g L super(-1) h super(-1) and 0.23 g cells g super(-1) sugar, respectively, on glucose syrup and 0.22 g L super(-1) h super(-1) and 0.18 g cells g super(-1) sugar, respectively, on molasses. In fed-batch cultivation, a productivity of 3.12 g L super(-1) h super(-1) and an overall cell yield of 0.52 g cells g super(-1) sugar were achieved in glucose syrup cultivation and a productivity of 2.33 g L super(-1) h super(-1) and an overall cell yield of 0.46 g cells g super(-1) sugar were achieved in molasses cultivation by controlling the reducing sugar concentration at its optimum level obtained from the fermentation model. By using an on-line ethanol sensor combined with a porous Teflon registered tubing method in automating the feeding of substrate in the fed-batch culture, a productivity of 2.15 g L super(-1) h super(-1) with a yield of 0.47 g cells g super(-1) sugar was achieved using glucose syrup as substrate when ethanol concentration was kept at a constant level by automatic control. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Win, S S AU - Impoolsup, A AU - Noomhorm, A AD - Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 117 EP - 123 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - glucose KW - ethanol KW - starch KW - Manihol KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - biosensors KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - molasses KW - batch culture KW - syrups KW - sugar KW - K 03097:Food microbiology & fermentation KW - A 01015:Fermentation & related processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15687631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Growth+kinetics+of+Saccharomyces+cerevisiae+in+batch+and+fed-batch+cultivation+using+sugarcane+molasses+and+glucose+syrup+from+cassava+starch&rft.au=Win%2C+S+S%3BImpoolsup%2C+A%3BNoomhorm%2C+A&rft.aulast=Win&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Saccharomyces cerevisiae; batch culture; molasses; sugar; syrups; biosensors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatoprotective effects of the shark bile salt 5 beta -scymnol on acetaminophen-induced liver damage in mice AN - 15684979; 3965812 AB - The hepatoprotective effect of the shark bile salt 5 beta -scymnol has been studied in the model of acute hepatotoxicity induced by administration of acetaminophen (APAP, paracetamol). 5 beta -Scymnol at doses of 20, 35, and 70 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip) decreased significantly the serum activity of alanine aminotransferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.05) caused by APAP treatment (350 mg/kg ip) alone. The highest dose of 5 beta -scymnol remained hepatoprotective when administered 4 hr after the APAP overdose. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is protective against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity at 250 and 500 mg/kg (ip) when administered up to 3 hr after APAP overdose, as shown by a significant reduction in serum enzyme activity. Coadministration of 5 beta -scymnol (70 mg/kg) and NAC (250 mg/kg) also reduced serum enzyme levels and histopathological effects; however, a similar level of hepatoprotection was conferred by 5 beta -scymnol treatment alone. In addition, 5 beta -scymnol has potent hydroxyl radical quenching activity as it markedly inhibited deoxyribose degradation in a ferrous/ascorbate Fenton reaction system. These results indicate a possible role for the use of 5 beta -scymnol, either alone or concomitant with NAC, in the prevention of hepatic necrosis following toxic doses of APAP. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Macrides, T A AU - Naylor, L M AU - Kalafatis, N AU - Shihata, A AU - Wright, PFA AD - Biochem. Unit, Dep. Med. Lab. Sci., RMIT-Univ., G.P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 31 EP - 37 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - 5 beta -scymnol KW - acetaminophen KW - analgesics KW - aquatic drugs KW - marine fish KW - mice KW - pharmaceuticals KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Etmopterus baxteri KW - liver KW - Deania calcea KW - pharmacology KW - X 24115:Pathology KW - Q1 08625:Non-edible products KW - Q4 27380:Pharmaceuticals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15684979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Hepatoprotective+effects+of+the+shark+bile+salt+5+beta+-scymnol+on+acetaminophen-induced+liver+damage+in+mice&rft.au=Macrides%2C+T+A%3BNaylor%2C+L+M%3BKalafatis%2C+N%3BShihata%2C+A%3BWright%2C+PFA&rft.aulast=Macrides&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; aquatic drugs; pharmacology; marine fish; analgesics; pharmaceuticals; Etmopterus baxteri; Deania calcea; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uncertainty and variation in indirect exposure assessments: An analysis of exposure to tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin from a beef consumption pathway AN - 15682600; 3966380 AB - Indirect exposures to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and other toxic materials released in incinerator emissions have been identified as a significant concern for human health. As a result, regulatory agencies and researchers have developed specific approaches for evaluating exposures from indirect pathways. This paper presents a quantitative assessment of the effect of uncertainty and variation in exposure parameters on the resulting estimates of TCDD dose rates received by individuals indirectly exposed to incinerator emissions through the consumption of home-grown beef. The assessment uses a nested Monte Carlo model that separately characterizes uncertainty and variation in dose rate estimates. Uncertainty resulting from limited data on the fate and transport of TCDD are evaluated, and variations in estimated dose rates in the exposed population that result from location-specific parameters and individuals' behaviors are characterized. The analysis indicates that lifetime average daily dose rates for individuals living within 10 km of a hypothetical incinerator range over three orders of magnitude. In contrast, the uncertainty in the dose rate distribution appears to vary by less than one order of magnitude, based on the sources of uncertainty included in this analysis. Current guidance for predicting exposures from indirect exposure pathways was found to overestimate the intakes for typical and high-end individuals. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Price, P S AU - Su, SH AU - Harrington, J R AU - Keenan, R E AD - ChemRisk registered , A Div. McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 263 EP - 277 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - TCDD KW - uncertainty KW - emissions KW - toxic materials KW - beef KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - food contamination KW - incinerators KW - public health KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15682600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Uncertainty+and+variation+in+indirect+exposure+assessments%3A+An+analysis+of+exposure+to+tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+from+a+beef+consumption+pathway&rft.au=Price%2C+P+S%3BSu%2C+SH%3BHarrington%2C+J+R%3BKeenan%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; TCDD; incinerators; emissions; toxic materials; food contamination; beef ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tropical gastrointestinal and hepatic infections AN - 15682275; 3971845 AB - Recent information about the pathophysiology and epidemiology of tropical gastrointestinal and hepatic infections is reviewed, and progress towards the development of an effective cholera vaccine is discussed. Advances have also been made in treatment strategies directed against traditional, emerging and re-emerging pathogens, including typhoid fever, that are more efficacious, convenient and cost-effective. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged as a second aetiological agent of cholera in south Asia in early 1993, and replaced V. cholerae O1 as the predominant cholera strain. Helicobacter pylori, which causes transient hypochlorhydria and atrophic gastritis, is highly prevalent in the developing countries. JF - Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases AU - Bardhan, P K AU - Fuchs, G J AD - Clin. Sci. Div., Intl. Cent. for Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 303 EP - 307 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0951-7375, 0951-7375 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - tropical environment KW - Entamoeba KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - reviews KW - gastrointestinal tract KW - infectious diseases KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - Giardia KW - Escherichia coli KW - liver KW - Salmonella KW - K 03090:Protozoa: human KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15682275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Infectious+Diseases&rft.atitle=Tropical+gastrointestinal+and+hepatic+infections&rft.au=Bardhan%2C+P+K%3BFuchs%2C+G+J&rft.aulast=Bardhan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Opinion+in+Infectious+Diseases&rft.issn=09517375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Giardia; Escherichia coli; Vibrio cholerae; Salmonella; Helicobacter pylori; Entamoeba; tropical environment; gastrointestinal tract; liver; infectious diseases; reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plant virus DNA replication processes in Agrobacterium: Insight into the origins of geminiviruses? AN - 15674890; 3957906 AB - Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a bacterial plant pathogen, when transformed with plasmid constructs containing greater than unit length DNA of tomato leaf curl geminivirus accumulates viral replicative form DNAs indistinguishable from those produced in infected plants. The accumulation of the viral DNA species depends on the presence of two origins of replication in the DNA constructs and is drastically reduced by introducing mutations into the viral replication-associated protein (Rep or C1) ORF, indicating that an active viral replication process is occurring in the bacterial cell. The accumulation of these vital DNA species is not affected by mutations or deletions in the other viral open reading frames. The observation that geminivirus DNA replication functions are supported by the bacterial cellular machinery provides evidence for the theory that these circular single-stranded DNA viruses have evolved from prokaryotic episomal replicons. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Rigden, JE AU - Dry, IB AU - Krake, L R AU - Rezaian, MA AD - Div. Horticulture, Commonwealth Scientific and Ind. Res. Organization, GPO Box 350, Adelaide 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 10280 EP - 10284 VL - 93 IS - 19 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - C1 protein KW - Rep protein KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - DNA biosynthesis KW - tomato leaf curl virus KW - geminivirus KW - Agrobacterium KW - J 02725:DNA KW - N 14651:Virus & phage infections KW - V 22182:Susceptibility & virus multiplication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15674890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=Plant+virus+DNA+replication+processes+in+Agrobacterium%3A+Insight+into+the+origins+of+geminiviruses%3F&rft.au=Rigden%2C+JE%3BDry%2C+IB%3BKrake%2C+L+R%3BRezaian%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Rigden&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=10280&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Agrobacterium; tomato leaf curl virus; geminivirus; DNA biosynthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A positive screen for cloning PCR products AN - 15674481; 3957917 AB - We have developed a positive screen for cloning PCR products based on translational activation of lacZ. A vector with a translationally deficient lacZ alpha gene has been made by deletion of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and initiation codon. The Shine-Dalgarno sequence and initiation codon are incorporated into one of the PCR primers to allow complementation by the PCR product of the inactive lacZ alpha gene, which results in blue transformed bacterial colonies. This screen allows more efficient detection of clones containing inserts made by PCR. JF - Nucleic Acids Research AU - Keese, P AU - Graf, L AD - CSIRO, Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3474 EP - 3475 VL - 24 IS - 17 SN - 0305-1048, 0305-1048 KW - Shine Dalgarno sequence KW - lacZ gene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - cloning vectors KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - W2 32250:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15674481?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.atitle=A+positive+screen+for+cloning+PCR+products&rft.au=Keese%2C+P%3BGraf%2C+L&rft.aulast=Keese&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=17&rft.spage=3474&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nucleic+Acids+Research&rft.issn=03051048&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cloning vectors; polymerase chain reaction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil moisture simulation: Achievements of the RICE and PILPS intercomparison workshop and future directions AN - 15673210; 3961689 AB - Soil moisture simulation in current landsurface schemes is diverse: in terms of the realism (and complexity) of the parameterizations and in terms of the resulting predictions. Even after careful adjustment, the range in soil moisture among the results from the 14 schemes compared for the HAPEX-MOBILHY (S. France) site's 1.6 m soil layer remains around 100 mm (the annual precipitation for HAPEX-MOBILHY being 856 mm). Results show that the partitioning of surface available energy into sensible and latent heat fluxes is closely coupled to the partition of precipitation into evaporation and runoff plus drainage. Runoff seems to be grossly (30-40%) underestimated by 13 of the 14 participating schemes but incomplete observations do not allow a full evaluation. Runoff from the nearly saturated soil outside the main growing season differs significantly among landsurface schemes although these differences do not greatly affect soil moisture values themselves. Transpiration operates at different rates depending upon the initial soil water content as well as the scheme formulation. The implications are far-reaching: (1) landsurface schemes forced by the same atmospheric conditions reached different equilibrium states; and (2) response times differ for schemes with different structures and different parameterizations. In combination, these two conclusions mean that observational data limited to a few weeks or months cannot be used for validation unless the initial conditions are known very precisely. Soil moisture remains an ill-defined, and inconsistently and, generally, inaccurately predicted quantity. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Henderson-Sellers, A AD - Royal Melbourne Inst. Technol., GPO Box 71, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 99 EP - 115 VL - 13 IS - 1-4 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - RICE KW - PILPS KW - HAPEX-MOBILHY KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil water KW - fluctuations KW - hydrologic budget KW - evaporation KW - precipitation KW - transpiration KW - runoff KW - heat KW - simulation KW - energy KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15673210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=Soil+moisture+simulation%3A+Achievements+of+the+RICE+and+PILPS+intercomparison+workshop+and+future+directions&rft.au=Henderson-Sellers%2C+A&rft.aulast=Henderson-Sellers&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Soil moisture simulation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - energy; soil water; simulation; heat; fluctuations; precipitation; evaporation; runoff; transpiration; hydrologic budget ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The need for dietary mineral supplementation for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, cultured in a semi-intensive system AN - 15673137; 3961221 AB - A study was conducted to evaluate the need for dietary mineral supplementation of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) cultured under a supplementary feeding regime. Thirty sex-reversed all male Nile tilapia (23g plus or minus 0.7) were stocked in 1 m3 netcages suspended in an earthen pond fertilized weekly with urea and triple super phosphate at rates of 4 kg N and 1 kg P ha -1, respectively. The fish were fed experimental diets supplemented with a complete mineral premix (control) and with incomplete mineral premixes in which specific macro (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K) and micro-minerals (Fe, Zn, Mn, I) were omitted from the mineral premix. Among the minerals studied, the addition of phosphorus was found to significantly affect tilapia weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. JF - Aquaculture AU - Dato-Cajegas, CRS AU - Yakupitiyage, A AD - Agricultural and Aquatic Systems, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 227 EP - 237 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 144 IS - 1-3 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - animal nutrition KW - feeding experiments KW - fish culture KW - intensive culture KW - phosphorus KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - diets KW - feed efficiency KW - food additives KW - body weight KW - proteins KW - minerals KW - Oreochromis niloticus KW - Q4 27330:Fish culture KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15673137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=The+need+for+dietary+mineral+supplementation+for+Nile+tilapia%2C+Oreochromis+niloticus%2C+cultured+in+a+semi-intensive+system&rft.au=Dato-Cajegas%2C+CRS%3BYakupitiyage%2C+A&rft.aulast=Dato-Cajegas&rft.aufirst=CRS&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - feeding experiments; animal nutrition; fish culture; food additives; diets; phosphorus; intensive culture; feed efficiency; proteins; body weight; minerals; Oreochromis niloticus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil moisture: A critical focus for global change studies AN - 15672756; 3961685 AB - The scientific and human dimensions of global change have many overlapping themes which offer a focus on processes occurring at the continental surface. Soil moisture is of critical importance to the physical processes governing energy and water exchanges at the land/air boundary. Soil moisture controls the extent to which plants can exploit sunlight in photosynthesis and the effectiveness with which agriculture, forestry and freshwater resources can be developed. The importance of the soil moisture to many, diverse communities has resulted in a very large collection of numerical models all of which simulate soil moisture. This paper outlines why and how a series of soil moisture simulation intercomparisons were conducted in a one-year exercise jointly sponsored by the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme and the World Climate Research Programme. JF - Global and Planetary Change AU - Henderson-Sellers, A AD - Royal Melbourne Inst. Technol., GPO Box 71, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3 EP - 9 VL - 13 IS - 1-4 SN - 0921-8181, 0921-8181 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil water KW - photosynthesis KW - hydrologic budget KW - comparison studies KW - social aspects KW - air-earth interfaces KW - international commissions KW - mathematical models KW - simulation KW - energy KW - economic aspects KW - SW 0845:Water in soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15672756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.atitle=Soil+moisture%3A+A+critical+focus+for+global+change+studies&rft.au=Henderson-Sellers%2C+A&rft.aulast=Henderson-Sellers&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Global+and+Planetary+Change&rft.issn=09218181&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Soil moisture simulation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - simulation; soil water; comparison studies; energy; hydrologic budget; air-earth interfaces; mathematical models; social aspects; economic aspects; international commissions; photosynthesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determining coastal inlet flushing times: A practical expression for use in aquaculture and pollution management AN - 15671861; 3955351 AB - It is often necessary to compare the flushing of coastal inlets in selecting sites for aquaculture or in making recommendations on pollution hazards. We derive an expression for a reference flushing time. JF - Aquaculture Research AU - Strutton, P G AU - Bye, JAT AU - Mitchell, J G AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 497 EP - 504 VL - 27 IS - 7 SN - 1355-557X, 1355-557X KW - aquaculture facilities KW - coastal inlets KW - flushing time KW - inlets KW - pollution dispersion KW - site selection KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - aquaculture KW - water quality control KW - Q3 08581:Aquaculture: General KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q1 08581:General KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q2 09170:Nearshore dynamics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15671861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture+Research&rft.atitle=Determining+coastal+inlet+flushing+times%3A+A+practical+expression+for+use+in+aquaculture+and+pollution+management&rft.au=Strutton%2C+P+G%3BBye%2C+JAT%3BMitchell%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Strutton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture+Research&rft.issn=1355557X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquaculture facilities; aquaculture; coastal inlets; pollution dispersion; water quality control; site selection; flushing time; inlets; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid preparation of bacterial DNA for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis AN - 15668729; 3954227 AB - A disadvantage of genotyping bacterial strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis is that the procedure requires up to 6 days to complete. We modified a standard pulsed-field gel electrophoresis method (B. E. Murray, K. V. Singh, J. D. Heath, B. R. Sharma, and G. M. Weinstock, J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:2059-2063, 1990) so that it could be completed in less than 3 days. We successfully applied this method to the analysis of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Matushek, M G AU - Bonten, MJM AU - Hayden, M K AD - Rush Presbyterian St. Lukes Med. Cent., 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2598 EP - 2600 VL - 34 IS - 10 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - pulsed-field gel electrophoresis KW - Gram-negative bacteria KW - Gram-positive bacteria KW - DNA KW - J 02725:DNA KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15668729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Rapid+preparation+of+bacterial+DNA+for+pulsed-field+gel+electrophoresis&rft.au=Matushek%2C+M+G%3BBonten%2C+MJM%3BHayden%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Matushek&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-negative bacteria; DNA; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of race specific resistance in natural plant populations AN - 15668699; 3954663 JF - Oikos AU - Burdon, J J AU - Wennstroem, A AU - Elmqvist, T AU - Kirby, G C AD - Cent. for Plant Biodiversity Res., Div. Plant Ind., CSIRO, GPO Box 1600, Canberra City, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 411 EP - 416 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0030-1299, 0030-1299 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - disease resistance KW - plants KW - cultivars KW - host-pathogen interactions KW - A 01030:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15668699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oikos&rft.atitle=The+role+of+race+specific+resistance+in+natural+plant+populations&rft.au=Burdon%2C+J+J%3BWennstroem%2C+A%3BElmqvist%2C+T%3BKirby%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Burdon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Oikos&rft.issn=00301299&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - plants; disease resistance; host-pathogen interactions; cultivars ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The phytoplankton periodicities of two warm-climate lakes subject to marked seasonal variability AN - 15666115; 3955684 AB - The phytoplankton periodicity of a tropical upland reservoir in Nigeria (Liberty Dam, Jos Plateau) and a temperate-type lake (L. Naranbagh) from the Kashmir Himalaya were compared. Variations in the phytoplankton communities in the water-bodies were both quantitative and qualitative. Liberty Dam conformed to the oligotrophic-desmid plankton type whilst in L. Naranbagh, phytoplankton resembled the eutrophic chlorococcales-diatom plankton type. Contrary to the general belief of muted (or lack of) seasonal changes in tropical regions, phytoplankton succession in the Jos reservoir was pronounced with dense persistence of some species for relatively short periods. The most striking fluctuations, typical of many temperate waters, were characteristic of L. Naranbagh with a build-up of plankton during summer and autumn. Variability in photosynthetic productivity was related to shifts in the climate-dependent population densities. The seasonal growth of the Jos phytoplankton reflected the alteration from the dry 'Harmattan' (December-February) to wetter (May-September) periods. These are analogous to the winter (December-February) and summer (June-August) seasons of the Kashmir Himalayan Valley. Phytoplankton associations and periodicities in each of the two warm-belt lakes were strongly driven by their respective local environments, including especially the marked seasonality of the climatic variables (rain, wind and solar radiation). Detailed comparisons of adequate long-term data from tropical and temperate waters are still required. JF - Journal of Tropical Ecology AU - Khan, MA AD - Ecol. Res. Lab., Dep. Botany, Univ. Kashmir, Post Box 726, GPO, Srinagar-190001, India Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 461 EP - 474 VL - 12 IS - 4 SN - 0266-4674, 0266-4674 KW - community composition KW - ecological succession KW - periodicity KW - temperate zones KW - tropical environment KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - Nigeria KW - phytoplankton KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - seasonal variations KW - India, Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir Himalaya, Naranbagh L. KW - Nigeria, Liberty Dam KW - K 03009:Algae KW - Q1 08221:General KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0850:Lakes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15666115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Tropical+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+phytoplankton+periodicities+of+two+warm-climate+lakes+subject+to+marked+seasonal+variability&rft.au=Khan%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Tropical+Ecology&rft.issn=02664674&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - tropical environment; community composition; phytoplankton; lakes; periodicity; ecological succession; seasonal variations; temperate zones; Nigeria; India, Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir Himalaya, Naranbagh L.; Nigeria, Liberty Dam; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The vaginal microbiota of guinea pigs AN - 15664738; 3952476 AB - The vaginae of four guinea pigs were swabbed and samples cultured aerobically on horse blood agar, in 5 per cent carbon dioxide on MRS agar or anaerobically on anaerobic horse blood agar. Vaginal microbiota consisted almost exclusively of gram-positive bacteria including Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Lactobacillus species. JF - Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease AU - Hafner, L M AU - Rush, C M AU - Timms, P AD - Cent. for Mol. Biotechnol., Sch. Life Sci., Queensland Univ. Technol., GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 127 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0891-060X, 0891-060X KW - guinea-pigs KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - vaccines KW - vagina KW - genital microflora KW - gram-positive bacteria KW - J 02861:Microflora UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15664738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Ecology+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.atitle=The+vaginal+microbiota+of+guinea+pigs&rft.au=Hafner%2C+L+M%3BRush%2C+C+M%3BTimms%2C+P&rft.aulast=Hafner&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Ecology+in+Health+and+Disease&rft.issn=0891060X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genital microflora; vagina; vaccines; gram-positive bacteria ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Salt and water movement in the Chowilla floodplain AN - 15660719; 3942729 AB - Results of a number of studies of salt and water movement in a saline semi-arid River Murray floodplain (Chowilla anabranch) are reported. The studies were: an investigation of the major ion and stable isotope chemistry of the underlying alluvial aquifer (Monoman Formation), and the adjacent unconfined (Pliocene Sands) and confined (Murray Group) regional aquifers; a study of the processes leading to recharge of the alluvial aquifer during major floods; modelling of salt accessions to the floodplain creeks (and hence the River Murray) and possible mitigation schemes using a density-dependent groundwater flow and transport model (SUTRA); the use of transpiration measurements (using the heat-pulse technique) and stable isotope techniques to study the water use of the predominant Eucalyptus communities of the floodplain; the measurement and prediction of rates of groundwater discharge in the floodplain and consequent rates of salt accumulation in floodplain soils; a preliminary study into the causes of dieback of Eucalyptus communities and possible ameliorative approaches. JF - CSIRO DIVISION WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA). 1996. AU - Walker, G R AU - Jolly, I D AU - Jarwal, S D Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - SUTRA KW - aquifers KW - ground water KW - groundwater movement KW - groundwater recharge KW - saline intrusion KW - semiarid lands KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - aquatic plants KW - Freshwater KW - flood plains KW - saline water KW - transpiration KW - Australia, South Australia, Murray R. KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15660719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Walker%2C+G+R%3BJolly%2C+I+D%3BJarwal%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Salt+and+water+movement+in+the+Chowilla+floodplain&rft.title=Salt+and+water+movement+in+the+Chowilla+floodplain&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The causes of decline in eucalypt communities and possible ameliorative approaches AN - 15660100; 3942759 AB - A broad-scale survey of vegetation health, soil, and groundwater conditions was conducted to analyse the factors contributing to black box (Eucalyptus largiflorens) decline. On the basis of these data it was concluded that the decline in black box health at Chowilla is due to water stress, ultimately resulting from the regulation of the River Murray. A more detailed study quantified black box health and structure at seven sites on the floodplain, and provided an initial insight into the causes of the variation. The sites included a range of black box health states and landform types. A site supporting E. camaldulensis (river red gum), another common eucalypt on the floodplain, was included for comparison with the black box. On a point scale of 4 (dead) to 20 (healthy), black box health varied from 4 to 16. The healthier black box communities were classified as closed forests, with the less healthy being woodlands or, where trees were dead, grasslands. Relationships were found between health and environmental characteristics such as soil chloride concentration, soil osmotic and matric suction, groundwater salinity, and pre-dawn leaf water potential, suggesting that high soil salinities present on the floodplain are affecting tree health by increasing the soil water suction and causing water stress in the trees. The causes of variation in health may be more complex, however, as health and soil salinity were also related to site elevation, which determines the frequency of inundation by flood waters. The now lower incidence of flooding, combined with higher water tables, has resulted in the disturbance of the delicate salt balance which exists in floodplain soils. Less flooding has caused accumulation of salt in soil profile which results in water stress due to osmotic effects and lower water availability. Our results can be used to aid in the prediction of the likely impacts of proposed salinity mitigation schemes for Chowilla. We conclude that groundwater pumping may have positive effects on vegetation health by improving groundwater quality, but these may take several decades to occur. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Jolly, I D AU - Walker, G R AU - Hollingsworth, I D AU - Eldridge AU - Thorburn, P J AU - McEwan, K L AU - Hatton, T J A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Eucalyptus trees KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - water stress KW - water quality KW - plant populations KW - soil water suction KW - osmotic pressure KW - salt balance KW - saline soils KW - trees KW - flood plains KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15660100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jolly%2C+I+D%3BWalker%2C+G+R%3BHollingsworth%2C+I+D%3BEldridge%3BThorburn%2C+P+J%3BMcEwan%2C+K+L%3BHatton%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Jolly&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=The+causes+of+decline+in+eucalypt+communities+and+possible+ameliorative+approaches&rft.title=The+causes+of+decline+in+eucalypt+communities+and+possible+ameliorative+approaches&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Modelling salt accession within the Chowilla anabranch and possible mitigation schemes: A density-dependent model of groundwater flow and solute transport AN - 15660074; 3942727 AB - The groundwater system in the Chowilla anabranch has been modelled in cross-section using the two-dimensional finite-element model SUTRA. This model was used to simulate density-dependent saline groundwater flow in a semi-confined aquifer and was employed to investigate the stream-aquifer interaction near the River Murray and Slaney and Punkah Creeks on the Chowilla floodplain before and after a major flood. Evapotranspiration and recharge during a flood have been incorporated into the numerical model. Simulation of a proposed salinity-mitigation scheme has been modelled in cross-section by incorporating various management options. Simulations show that Slaney Creek near the River Murray is relatively fresh, carrying substantially less salt than Punkah Creek, which lies in the middle of the floodplain. Time-dependent boundary conditions have been used to simulate rising and falling heads in the river and creeks during the flood. This has shown that salt load increases five-fold to Punkah Creek and three-fold to Slaney Creek immediately after a flood recedes. The peak salt load to the creeks occurs immediately after the flood recedes and subsequently declines over a 6-month period to the baseline salt load. The effect of pumping on the floodplain has also been simulated and, in the case of the proposed interception scheme, we predict a drawdown of 0.2 m at the outer edges of the floodplain to 1.5 m at well sites. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Charlesworth, A T AU - Narayan, KA AU - Simmons, C T A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - SUTRA KW - drawdown KW - groundwater movement KW - hydrologic models KW - saline intrusion KW - solute transport KW - streams KW - surface-groundwater relations KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - finite element method KW - density KW - Freshwater KW - flood plains KW - hydrology KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - mathematical models KW - boundary conditions KW - Australia, South Australia, Murray R. KW - salts KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q2 09163:Air-water boundary layer KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15660074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Charlesworth%2C+A+T%3BNarayan%2C+KA%3BSimmons%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Charlesworth&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Modelling+salt+accession+within+the+Chowilla+anabranch+and+possible+mitigation+schemes%3A+A+density-dependent+model+of+groundwater+flow+and+solute+transport&rft.title=Modelling+salt+accession+within+the+Chowilla+anabranch+and+possible+mitigation+schemes%3A+A+density-dependent+model+of+groundwater+flow+and+solute+transport&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - General site description AN - 15659812; 3942752 AB - The Chowilla floodplain, situated near the junction of the South Australian, Victorian and New South Wales borders, covers an area of about 200 km super(2) on the northern side of the River Murray. Most (74%) of the Chowilla floodplain lies in South Australia with the rest (26%) located in New South Wales. The floodplain is a complex system with many vegetation associations, soil types, and geomorphic features including wetlands of a variety of forms and origins. The Chowilla region is the last remaining region of natural riverine forest in the lower River Murray and has a high conservation value (O'Malley and Sheldon 1990; CWG 1992). It provides habitat for many species of birds, mammals, reptiles, and fish, and contains magnificent stands of river red gums. The anabranch region is a part of 'Riverland Wetlands' listed under the UNESCO Ramsar Convention (Section 14.5) as wetlands of international importance (NEC 1988) because of its unique bird life and Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. largiflorens forests and woodlands. The Chowilla floodplain is also thought to be an important native fish breeding area and is a popular tourist region, with fishing and canoeing being prominent activities (NEC 1988). JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Jarwal, S D AU - Walker, G R AU - Jolly, I D A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - forests KW - habitats KW - conservation KW - wetlands KW - tourism KW - recreation KW - flood plains KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15659812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jarwal%2C+S+D%3BWalker%2C+G+R%3BJolly%2C+I+D&rft.aulast=Jarwal&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=General+site+description&rft.title=General+site+description&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of television in adolescent women's body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness AN - 15659324; 3948466 AB - Many authors have implicated the media's promotion of an unrealistically thin ideal for women as a major causal factor in the current high levels of body dissatisfaction and increasing incidence of eating disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to one medium, television, and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Questionnaires were administered to 94 adolescent women who reported how much and what television they had watched in the previous week. Body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness were also assessed. Amount of television watched did not correlate with either body dissatisfaction or drive for thinness, but category of program did. Specifically, amount of time spent watching soaps, movies, and (negatively) sport predicted body dissatisfaction, and the watching of music videos predicted drive for thinness. The results are consistent with sociocultural explanations for body dissatisfaction and for the emergence of eating disorders in young women. JF - International Journal of Eating Disorders AU - Tiggemann, M AU - Pickering, A S AD - Sch. Psychol., Flinders Univ. South Australia, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 199 EP - 203 VL - 20 IS - 2 SN - 0276-3478, 0276-3478 KW - eating disorders KW - television KW - body image KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - adolescents KW - females KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H SM10.44:EATING DISORDERS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15659324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Eating+Disorders&rft.atitle=Role+of+television+in+adolescent+women%27s+body+dissatisfaction+and+drive+for+thinness&rft.au=Tiggemann%2C+M%3BPickering%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Tiggemann&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Eating+Disorders&rft.issn=02763478&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - females; adolescents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changing epidemiology of cholera due to Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal in Dhaka, Bangladesh AN - 15659028; 3948394 AB - At the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) Dhaka we studied the trends in cholera for the period January 1992 to May 1995. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged as a second aetiologic agent of cholera in Dhaka in January 1993. In 1993, the majority of cholera cases was due to V. cholerae O139, with V. cholerae O1 accounting for a small proportion of cases. During the latter part of the study period (Jan 1994-May 1995), V. cholerae O1 re-emerged as the predominant cholera strain. The predominant age group affected in endemic cholera due to V. cholerae O1 was children 2-9 years old, and the organism was isolated from more females than from males at all ages. In contrast, cholera due to V. cholerae O139 caused disease mostly in adults 15 years and older, which indicated that this organism was new in this population. As with V. cholerae O1, V. cholerae O139 was isolated from more females than males. The initial rapid emergence and predominance of V. cholerae O139 was considered possibly to herald the start of the eighth pandemic of cholera. However, just after a year, the prevalence of V. cholerae O139 decreased dramatically with V. cholerae O1 resuming the role of the dominant cholera strain. The factor(s) contributing to the dramatic decline in prevalence of V. cholerae O139 is not well understood. JF - Epidemiology and infection. London, New York NY AU - Faruque, ASG AU - Fuchs, G J AU - Albert, MJ AD - Intl. Cent. for Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 275 EP - 278 VL - 116 IS - 3 SN - 0950-2688, 0950-2688 KW - Bangladesh, Dhaka KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - cholera KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - epidemiology KW - J 02846:Gastrointestinal tract UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15659028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Epidemiology+and+infection.+London%2C+New+York+NY&rft.atitle=Changing+epidemiology+of+cholera+due+to+Vibrio+cholerae+O1+and+O139+Bengal+in+Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.au=Faruque%2C+ASG%3BFuchs%2C+G+J%3BAlbert%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Faruque&rft.aufirst=ASG&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Epidemiology+and+infection.+London%2C+New+York+NY&rft.issn=09502688&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio cholerae; cholera; epidemiology ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Salinity-limited uptake of groundwater by plants: An analytical model AN - 15658514; 3942758 AB - An analytical model, based on unsaturated-zone water and solute balances, was developed to describe the uptake of saline groundwater by plants in dry regions. It was assumed that: (i) initially, the profile was virtually dry and salt-free to some depth; (ii) both water and solutes move upwards from the water table by piston flow due only to plant water extraction; (iii) the uptake of water concentrates solutes in the soil solution until some threshold salinity is reached, above which plants can no longer extract water due to osmotic effects; (iv) uptake of the groundwater does not affect the water table level; and (v) uptake of groundwater is not limited by 'evaporative demand'. Model predictions were compared with measurements of groundwater uptake made over 15 months at five sites in Eucalyptus forest in a semi-arid area. Depth and salinity of groundwater and soil type varied greatly between sites. Predicted groundwater uptake rates were within similar to 0.1 mm/day of measured values. The agreement between model predictions and measurements implies that groundwater depth and salinity were the main controls on uptake of groundwater at these sites. The model shows that uptake of groundwater can result in salinisation of the soil profile, within 4-30 yr at the sites studied, unless salts are leached from the soil by rainfall or flood waters. However, a relatively small amount of annual leaching may be sufficient to allow groundwater uptake to continue. Thus groundwaters, even when saline, may be important sources of water to plants in arid and semi-arid areas. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Thorburn, P J AU - Walker, G R AU - Jolly, I D A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - plant populations KW - absorption KW - model studies KW - saline water KW - aeration zone KW - semiarid lands KW - arid lands KW - solutes KW - salinity KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15658514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thorburn%2C+P+J%3BWalker%2C+G+R%3BJolly%2C+I+D&rft.aulast=Thorburn&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Salinity-limited+uptake+of+groundwater+by+plants%3A+An+analytical+model&rft.title=Salinity-limited+uptake+of+groundwater+by+plants%3A+An+analytical+model&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Extraction of water from Eucalyptus trees for analysis of deuterium and oxygen-18: Laboratory and field techniques AN - 15658470; 3942754 AB - This study investigated a methodology for sampling and extracting water from Eucalyptus spp. for analysis of stable isotopes of water. Firstly, water of known isotopic composition was extracted from stems of Eucalyptus seedlings by azeotropic distillation using three solvents (hexane, toluene and kerosene) in laboratory and glasshouse experiments. Kerosene and toluene, gave the most accurate extractions, with a small negative bias ( similar to -2ppt for delta super(2)H and similar to -0.4ppt for delta super(18)O) due to incomplete extraction. This bias was not evident in further experiments, using kerosene, where water was extracted from stems and roots that had been pre-treated in a manner that more closely reflected field conditions. Secondly, variation in delta super(2)H in trees was investigated in the field to determine an accurate and convenient place for sampling. There was no significant difference in delta super(2)H between water extracted from trunk sapwood and whole twigs, even twigs close to leaves, in samples taken from four Eucalyptus spp. at two field sites. The results mean that the most convenient part of the tree can be sampled. Also, there was little difference in delta super(2)H between sapwood and heartwood samples, although small increases ( similar to 2ppt) in delta super(2)H were observed in bark of trunks and twigs. Tree roots (15-25 mm diameter) had similar delta super(2)H values to the surrounding soil in many cases, especially surface (<0.2 m depth) roots, rather than having delta super(2)H values similar to twigs of the trees. These roots were absorbing water from surrounding soil, but not contributing significant quantities of water to the tree canopy. Thus the delta super(2)H of root water is not a good indicator of the isotopic composition of water in the upper parts of Eucalyptus trees. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Thorburn, P J AU - Walker, G R AU - Brunel, J-P A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Eucalyptus trees KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - field tests KW - biological sampling KW - analytical methods KW - water sampling KW - trees KW - deuterium KW - oxygen isotopes KW - experimental data KW - stable isotopes KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15658470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thorburn%2C+P+J%3BWalker%2C+G+R%3BBrunel%2C+J-P&rft.aulast=Thorburn&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Extraction+of+water+from+Eucalyptus+trees+for+analysis+of+deuterium+and+oxygen-18%3A+Laboratory+and+field+techniques&rft.title=Extraction+of+water+from+Eucalyptus+trees+for+analysis+of+deuterium+and+oxygen-18%3A+Laboratory+and+field+techniques&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Floodwater recharge processes AN - 15658396; 3942728 AB - The results of a study into the interaction between floodwaters and an unconfined alluvial aquifer in the Chowilla anabranch system of the River Murray during a large flood are reported. Data on water table elevation, groundwater chemistry, and unsaturated zone salt storage were collected before, during, and after a flood in 1990 which inundated all but the very highest points of the floodplain. These data, combined with analytical modelling of the water table behaviour throughout the flood, lead us to conclude that diffuse vertical recharge of floodwater to the unsaturated zone is of little importance. As a consequence, only limited leaching of salt from this zone to the groundwater occurs. This appears to be due to a reduction in the infiltration capacity of the sodic clay surface soils of the floodplain which disperse and swell when wetted with the low-salinity floodwater. This suggests that the unsaturated zone is not the major source of salt which enters the River Murray following floods. However, from previous studies it is clear that the floodplain is an important source of saline groundwater which is added to the river following floods. An alternative hypothesis to explain the observed salt accessions is that areas of the floodplain where the Coonambidgal Clay is thin or absent are zones of localised recharge which cause displacement of in situ groundwater into the floodplain streams. This hypothesis should be tested in further work. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Jolly, I D AU - Walker, G R AU - Narayan, KA A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - clays KW - surface-groundwater relations KW - water table fluctuations KW - saline water KW - aeration zone KW - floodwater KW - flood plains KW - leaching KW - alluvial aquifers KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - SW 0810:General KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15658396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Jolly%2C+I+D%3BWalker%2C+G+R%3BNarayan%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Jolly&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Floodwater+recharge+processes&rft.title=Floodwater+recharge+processes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Combining measurements of transpiration and stable isotopes of water to determine groundwater discharge from forests AN - 15657756; 3942755 AB - Discharge of saline groundwater from Eucalyptus forests on the Chowilla floodplain was directly determined by, firstly, measuring transpiration rates from the forests, then, secondly, partitioning the transpiration flux into groundwater discharge and soil water depletion. This partitioning was achieved by identifying the source of the transpired water with naturally occurring stable isotopes of water. Transpiration rates were low, being similar to 0.3 mm/day from three E. largiflorens sites and up to 2 mm/day from an E. camaldulensis site. There was no significant variation in transpiration across seasons, indicating that transpiration was limited by environmental factors other than evaporative demand. Despite its salinity (electrical conductivities of 11-33 dS/m), the groundwater was used by the forests at all sites and all times, comprising 100% of transpiration in more than half of the measurements, and 40-80% in the remainder. There was some consistency in water uptake patterns. E. camaldulensis tended to take up shallow soil water and groundwater simultaneously, as did trees at one of the E. largiflorens sites. At the driest sampling time, however, groundwater was the only source of water for trees at both these sites. Trees at the remaining two E. largiflorens sites generally relied solely on the groundwater. The tree-water source results indicate that groundwater discharge fluxes were between 40 and 100% of the transpiration fluxes at these sites. These groundwater discharge fluxes were small in terms of regional groundwater balances, but would be important in salinisation of soils. Additionally, uptake of water from the soil profile by the trees substantially increased groundwater discharge compared with discharge from soils bare of vegetation. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Thorburn, P J AU - Hatton, T J AU - Walker, G R A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Eucalyptus trees KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil water KW - groundwater KW - forests KW - absorption KW - saline water KW - transpiration KW - saline soils KW - trees KW - stable isotopes KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15657756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Thorburn%2C+P+J%3BHatton%2C+T+J%3BWalker%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Thorburn&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Combining+measurements+of+transpiration+and+stable+isotopes+of+water+to+determine+groundwater+discharge+from+forests&rft.title=Combining+measurements+of+transpiration+and+stable+isotopes+of+water+to+determine+groundwater+discharge+from+forests&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Groundwater chemistry AN - 15654399; 3942753 AB - The results of a study into the groundwater chemistry of the Chowilla region of the River Murray are reported in this chapter. Comparison of the chemistry of the unconfined alluvial aquifer with that of the regional unconfined Pliocene Sands and of the confined Murray Group limestone aquifers shows that the groundwater in the first aquifer is mostly derived from the second aquifer and that less than 10% is derived from upward leakage from the third group. This is consistent with earlier estimates based on hydrogeology and groundwater modelling. Within the alluvial sand aquifer, the groundwater is diluted by stream recharge, mainly caused by the River Murray being held high by Lock 6 and by flood recharge from creeks with good hydraulic connection. There is no evidence that the chemistry of the shallow alluvial aquifer is affected by groundwater discharge due to evapotranspiration. JF - WATER RESOUR. SER. 1996. AU - Vader, L AU - Jolly, I D AU - Walker, G R A2 - Walker, GR A2 - Jolly, ID A2 - Jarwal, SD (eds) Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - CSIRO DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, GPO BOX 1666, CANBERRA ACT 2601 (AUSTRALIA) SN - 0643057145 KW - Australia, Murray R., Chowilla anabranch KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - groundwater KW - groundwater recharge KW - groundwater movement KW - sand aquifers KW - geochemistry KW - alluvial aquifers KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15654399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Vader%2C+L%3BJolly%2C+I+D%3BWalker%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Vader&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0643057145&rft.btitle=Groundwater+chemistry&rft.title=Groundwater+chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterisation of carbon dioxide-inducible genes of the marine bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. S91 AN - 15650641; 3945805 AB - Characterisation of two genes in Pseudomonas sp. S91 that are responsive to carbon dioxide is reported. These were identified by random transposon mutagenesis leading to fusion of the Escherichia coli lacZ reporter gene to the genes of interest. Expression of the genes' promoters was quantified by measuring the reporter gene product, beta -galactosidase. beta -Galactosidase synthesis was induced when cells were exposed to 10% CO sub(2) on solid media or during growth in aqueous phase when the culture density was greater than 1 at 610 nm, in either rich or minimal media. Induction of beta -galactosidase synthesis was not due to: increased alkalinity, onset of stationary phase, build up of soluble metabolites in the culture supernatant, or cell density-dependent signalling. The CO sub(2)-inducible gene fusions were not induced by other environmental conditions that are known to stimulate global regulators of environmental gene expression. Benzoic acid (2 mM) induced beta -galactosidase synthesis in one of the mutants indicating the CO sub(2) response may involve the intracellular CO sub(2) partial pressure/bicarbonate ion concentration/pH equilibrium. JF - FEMS Microbiology Letters AU - Stretton, S AU - Marshall, K C AU - Dawes, I W AU - Goodman, A E AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ. South Australia, G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 37 EP - 42 VL - 140 IS - 1 SN - 0378-1097, 0378-1097 KW - beta -galactosidase KW - carbon dioxide KW - gene fusion KW - molecular structure KW - mutations KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Marine KW - genes KW - enzymatic activity KW - Pseudomonas KW - gene expression KW - gene products KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - Q4 27170:Microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa) KW - G 07321:GENERAL KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15650641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.atitle=Characterisation+of+carbon+dioxide-inducible+genes+of+the+marine+bacterium%2C+Pseudomonas+sp.+S91&rft.au=Stretton%2C+S%3BMarshall%2C+K+C%3BDawes%2C+I+W%3BGoodman%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Stretton&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Letters&rft.issn=03781097&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - molecular structure; mutations; genes; enzymatic activity; gene expression; gene products; carbon dioxide; gene fusion; Pseudomonas; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Science policy and federal ecosystem-based management AN - 15649987; 3948089 JF - Ecological Applications AU - Morrissey, WA AD - Congressional Res. Serv., Sci. Policy Res. Div., Library Congress, Washington, DC 20540-7490, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 717 EP - 720 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - government policy KW - ecosystem management KW - research programs KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15649987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Science+policy+and+federal+ecosystem-based+management&rft.au=Morrissey%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Morrissey&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Forum: Perspectives on ecosystem management. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ecosystem management; government policy; research programs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preparation of mycobacterial DNA from blood culture fluids by simple alkali wash and heat lysis method for PCR detection AN - 15645598; 3944038 AB - A sodium iodide-isopropanol (NI) method was compared with an alkali wash and heat lysis (AH) procedure for the preparation and extraction of DNA from BACTEC 13A blood culture fluid samples from AIDS patients for use in a PCR for the detection and identification of mycobacteria. The sensitivity and efficiency of the DNA extraction methods were assessed by a multiplex PCR which detected the members of the genus Mycobacterium and differentiated between M. intracellulare, M. tuberculosis, and M. avium isolates with a limit of detection of between 0.28 pg (67 cells) and 120 pg (28,571 cells) of standard mycobacterial DNA. The PCR amplified mycobacterial DNA prepared by the AH procedure from 40 acid-fast bacillus-positive blood cultures with growth index values of >20 U but not from 48 blood cultures with growth index values of <21 U. The AH method was about 10 times more sensitive than the NI method for extracting DNA from 13 acid-fast bacillus-positive BACTEC fluid samples for PCR analysis. The study shows that the AH procedure in combination with the multiplex PCR is a simple, specific, and sensitive method which can be used in the routine diagnostic laboratory to detect and identify different members of the genus Mycobacterium in blood culture fluid samples from AIDS patients. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Kulski, J K AU - Pryce, T AD - Dep. Microbiol., Royal Perth Hosp., Box X2213 G.P.O. Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1985 EP - 1991 VL - 34 IS - 8 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - sodium iodide KW - isopropanol KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Mycobacterium KW - alkalis KW - heat KW - tuberculosis KW - DNA KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - blood culture KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15645598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Preparation+of+mycobacterial+DNA+from+blood+culture+fluids+by+simple+alkali+wash+and+heat+lysis+method+for+PCR+detection&rft.au=Kulski%2C+J+K%3BPryce%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kulski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1985&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mycobacterium; blood culture; DNA; polymerase chain reaction; alkalis; heat; tuberculosis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional and individual differences in cutaneous sensitivity to chemical irritants: Capsaicin and menthol AN - 15644562; 3943307 AB - Regional and individual differences in sensory irritation produced by capsaicin and l-menthol were assessed in two experiments. Thresholds for irritation were measured on the forearm and cheek using a psychophysical method that combines a bilateral, forced-choice detection task with an intensity scaling task. Experiment 1 showed that thresholds on the cheek were higher than on the forearm for both chemicals; on average, thresholds were much lower for capsaicin than for menthol; there were large individual differences in thresholds for both chemicals on both sites; and capsaicin and menthol produced different qualities of sensation. In contrast to earlier findings, capsaicin failed to produce itching on either site. Experiment 2 showed that itching could be evoked on the forearm, but not the face, when capsaicin was applied in a single dose rather than in an ascending concentrations series, as it had been in experiment 1. It was hypothesized that the absence of itching in experiment 1 was due to a more rapid desensitization for itching compared to burning and stinging, and that the lack of itching on the cheek may reflect different chemosensory innervation on facial and forearm skin. Overall, the results demonstrate that psychophysical measurements can provide information about regional and individual differences in the susceptibility to sensory irritation from contact with environmental chemicals. JF - Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology AU - Green, B G AD - John B. Pierce Lab., 290 Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06519, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 277 EP - 295 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0731-3829, 0731-3829 KW - capsaicin KW - ethanol KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - irritation KW - multidimensional scaling KW - man KW - skin KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15644562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Cutaneous+and+Ocular+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Regional+and+individual+differences+in+cutaneous+sensitivity+to+chemical+irritants%3A+Capsaicin+and+menthol&rft.au=Green%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Cutaneous+and+Ocular+Toxicology&rft.issn=07313829&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - irritation; skin; man; multidimensional scaling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of tropical plants to nutrients and light on a landslide in Puerto Rico AN - 15643903; 3939832 AB - To determine whether availability of mineral nutrients limited growth of pioneer and nonpioneer species differently, we transplanted Phytolacca rivinoides (an annual pioneer species), Cecropia schreberiana (a pioneer tree species), Palicourea riparia (a shrub of tree-fall gaps and understorey) and Manilkara bidentata (a nonpioneer canopy tree) into a landslide in Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. Plots were established in exposed parent material in the open zone and along the edge of a landslide. Within each plot, control and treatments of nitrogen, phosphorus, and N + P were randomly assigned to subplots. Addition of N produced increases in total soil N, ammonium, and nitrate in the open plots, but not in the edge plots. Addition of P produced increases in extractable P in both sets of plots. Biomass of the pioneer species responded significantly to both N and P. Biomass of the nonpioneer species responded only to added N. The effect of location (open vs. edge) on growth was variable. For the pioneer species, the concentration of foliar P was increased by P fertilization, but foliar N did not increase significantly in response to fertilization. For the non-pioneer species, both foliar N and P increased in response to fertilization by N and P, respectively. Light-saturated photosynthetic rate (A sub(max)) of C. schreberiana increased in response to N fertilization in the open plots. In contrast, photosynthesis of P. riparia and M. bidentata in the open plots was unaffected by fertilization. A sub(max) of P. rivinoides was also unaffected, but sample sizes were very small due to mortality from an outbreak of lepidopteran larvae. There was no effect of fertilization on photoinhibition as assayed by chlorophyll fluorescence. P. riparia may have experienced moderate photoinhibition in the open zone, as shown by reduced growth as well as reduced ratios of variable to maximum fluorescence. Availability of nitrogen appeared to limit growth of pioneer and nonpioneer species on the landslide. Availability of phosphorus appeared to limit growth of pioneer species, perhaps because they were nonmycorrhizal (P. rivinoides) or weakly facultatively mycorrhizal (C. schreberiana). Neither pioneer nor nonpioneer species appeared to be particularly well adapted to colonize exposed parent material, for growth was very slow in the absence of added nutrients. JF - Journal of Ecology AU - Fetcher, N AU - Haines, B L AU - Cordero, R A AU - Lodge, D J AU - Walker, L R AU - Fernandez, D S AU - Lawrence, W T AD - Dep. Biol., Box 23360, Cent. for Energy and Environ. Res., GPO Box 363682 Univ. Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 331 EP - 341 VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0477, 0022-0477 KW - Puerto Rico KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient availability KW - landslides KW - revegetation KW - light intensity KW - plants KW - rain forests KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15643903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.atitle=Responses+of+tropical+plants+to+nutrients+and+light+on+a+landslide+in+Puerto+Rico&rft.au=Fetcher%2C+N%3BHaines%2C+B+L%3BCordero%2C+R+A%3BLodge%2C+D+J%3BWalker%2C+L+R%3BFernandez%2C+D+S%3BLawrence%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Fetcher&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Ecology&rft.issn=00220477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rain forests; plants; landslides; revegetation; nutrient availability; light intensity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Deposition of malathion and permethrin on sod grass after single, ultra-low volume applications in a suburban neighborhood in Michigan AN - 15642505; 3934791 AB - Deposition of malathion and permethrin onto grass surfaces, after ultra-low volume (ULV) application, was studied in a suburban neighborhood in Saginaw County, Michigan. Commercial concentrates of malathion (Cythion ULV super(TM)) and permethrin (Biomist 4 + 12 super(TM)) were sprayed using a truck-mounted ULV aerosol generator. Sod-grass blocks (0.18 m super(2)) were placed in the frontyard and backyard of homes in the neighborhood at 4 distances to 91.4 m from the road where applications were made. Grass samples were taken from the sod blocks before application and at 15 min, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h after application. Samples were extracted with solvent, and extractions were subjected to gas-liquid chromatography for detection of malathion and permethrin. Ranges of detection for malathion were 0.0-16.6 mg/0.18 m super(2) and for permethrin were 0.0-25.9 mg/0.18 m super(2). Most detections were from samples taken nearest the road at 15 min after application. Detections declined as a logarithmic function of time after application and as an exponential function of distance from the road. JF - Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association AU - Knepper, R G AU - Walker, ED AU - Wagner, SA AU - Kamrin, MA AU - Zabik, MJ AD - Saginaw County Mosquito Abatement Commission, 211 Congress St., Saginaw, MI 48602, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 45 EP - 51 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 8756-971X, 8756-971X KW - aquatic insects KW - malathion KW - permethrin KW - pesticide residues KW - pollutant persistence KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts KW - USA, Michigan KW - insecticides KW - pest control KW - Culicidae KW - Freshwater KW - Diptera KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15642505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.atitle=Deposition+of+malathion+and+permethrin+on+sod+grass+after+single%2C+ultra-low+volume+applications+in+a+suburban+neighborhood+in+Michigan&rft.au=Knepper%2C+R+G%3BWalker%2C+ED%3BWagner%2C+SA%3BKamrin%2C+MA%3BZabik%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Knepper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Mosquito+Control+Association&rft.issn=8756971X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; pest control; pollutant persistence; aquatic insects; pesticide residues; Culicidae; Diptera; USA, Michigan; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of heavy social drinking on recall and event-related potentials AN - 15630372; 3936077 AB - Objective: It has been suggested that alcohol-related brain impairments progress on a continuum from subtle deficits in social drinkers through to end-state Korsakoff syndrome. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether heavy levels of social drinking have an adverse effect on sober cognitive functioning in young nonalcoholic adults. Method: Event-related potentials (ERPS) were recorded from heavy (>200 gm/week) and light (<20 gm/week) male social drinkers under the effects of a pharmacological challenge (lorazepam-ATIVAN) and a placebo. The heavy (n = 14) and light (n = 14) social drinkers completed a free-recall task with a rare word probability of .30. Results: Analysis of the P300 component of the ERP to recalled and not-recalled words found that P300 amplitude in heavy social drinkers (HSDs) was reduced following placebo compared to the light social drinkers (LSDs). Lorazepam produced a distinctive pattern of anterograde memory deficits in both groups and reduced P300 amplitude to rare words in the LSDs compared to both the placebo treatment and the HSDs. Conclusions: The differences in central nervous system functioning evident between HSDs and LSDs were reflected in ERP deviations in both the presence and absence of lorazepam. Even though no definite statements can be made because of the small sample size, the results appear to indicate that HSDs have an impairment in their information-processing ability in the absence of an acute inhibitory agent (e.g., alcohol or a benzodiazepine) as well as a differential response to the depressant effects of lorazepam. JF - Journal of Studies on Alcohol AU - Nichols, J M AU - Martin, F AD - Dep. Psychol., Univ. Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 125 EP - 135 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0096-882X, 0096-882X KW - ethanol KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - cognitive ability KW - man KW - memory KW - N3 11106:Neurobiology of drug abuse KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15630372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Studies+on+Alcohol&rft.atitle=The+effect+of+heavy+social+drinking+on+recall+and+event-related+potentials&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+M%3BMartin%2C+F&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Studies+on+Alcohol&rft.issn=0096882X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - memory; man; cognitive ability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution taxes and pollution abatement in an oligopoly supergame AN - 15625666; 3937023 AB - This paper investigates the effects of an emissions tax on the incentives for oligopolists to acquire alternative pollution abatement technologies. The analysis is conducted in terms of a repeated game and it is demonstrated that there are circumstances in which the firms may reject the option of acquiring the pollution abatement equipment, even when this lowers their production costs. JF - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management AU - Damania, D AD - Sch. Econ., Flinders Univ. South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 323 EP - 336 VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0095-0696, 0095-0696 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution control equipment KW - taxation KW - economics KW - environmental protection KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15625666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Economics+and+Management&rft.atitle=Pollution+taxes+and+pollution+abatement+in+an+oligopoly+supergame&rft.au=Damania%2C+D&rft.aulast=Damania&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Economics+and+Management&rft.issn=00950696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economics; taxation; pollution control equipment; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeochemical evidence for surface water recharge to a shallow regional aquifer in northern Victoria, Australia AN - 15625369; 3932815 AB - The Third, Middle and Reedy Lakes system in northern Victoria is a series of interconnected lakes in which groundwater discharge and recharge occur under seasonal climatic and artificial influences. At high lake levels there is a pronounced mounding effect which tends to cause localised perturbation of flow systems and recharge into the uppermost aquifer. Three hydrostratigraphic units (referred to as 'Lower', 'Middle' and 'Upper') are identified beneath the lakes. An upward hydraulic gradient exists in the region under the present hydrologic regime. Despite this, hydrochemical and isotopic evidence has demonstrated a fresh water lens beneath Reedy Lake in the Middle and Lower aquifers. These waters have similar characteristics to the present-day water table which is being recharged from the lakes, suggesting that the lens represents lake-water recharge under a prior hydrologic regime when regional water tables were lower. The recognition of this lens has important implications for future management strategies in that it may be possible to implement a more natural wetting-drying cycle without the intrusion of saline water into this ecologically sensitive area. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Chambers, LA AU - Bartley, J G AU - Herczeg, AL AD - CSIRO, Div. Water Resour., GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 63 EP - 83 VL - 181 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - ground water KW - groundwater recharge KW - hydrological regime KW - surface-groundwater relations KW - water level KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - hydrology KW - Australia, Victoria KW - surface water KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - percolation KW - geochemistry KW - water resources KW - SW 0810:General KW - Q2 09171:Dynamics of lakes and rivers KW - SW 0840:Groundwater UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15625369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Hydrogeochemical+evidence+for+surface+water+recharge+to+a+shallow+regional+aquifer+in+northern+Victoria%2C+Australia&rft.au=Chambers%2C+LA%3BBartley%2C+J+G%3BHerczeg%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrology; lakes; surface water; percolation; water resources; geochemistry; ground water; surface-groundwater relations; groundwater recharge; water level; hydrological regime; Australia, Victoria; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wind profiler observations of vertical motion and precipitation microphysics of a tropical squall line AN - 15624503; 3935430 AB - Data from a wind profiler located at Darwin, Australia, have been used to examine the vertical motions and precipitation microphysics in a well-developed squall line. Both a mature and developing convective cell are well sampled. The vertical motions within the mature cell are dominated by the effect of glaciation and a convective downdraft feeding a cold pool. The strong updrafts are accompanied by supercooled water as much as 2 km above the freezing level. The two cells are separated by a narrow region of deep descent. The developing cell has a low-level maximum in upward motion coinciding with high radar reflectivity below 3 km, suggesting warm rain processes. There is a large transition region with deep descent and a stratiform region with a classic up- and downdraft circulation. The precipitation characteristics show the aggregation of ice particles as they descend in the stratiform region. Over half of the rain is seen to evaporate between 4 and 2 km. The cooling implied by this and the heating by the growth of ice particulates above the melting level balance the mesoscale circulation in the stratiform region. The Q sub(1) heating profile is consistent with previous studies above 4 km but shows a net cooling below this. This may in part be due to the storm being sampled when the system was mature with extensive convective downdrafts. JF - Monthly Weather Review AU - May, P T AU - Rajopadhyaya, D K AD - Bureau Meteorology Res. Cent., GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 621 EP - 633 VL - 124 IS - 4 SN - 0027-0644, 0027-0644 KW - Australia, Darwin KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - precipitation KW - atmospheric physics KW - weather KW - rainstorms KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15624503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=Wind+profiler+observations+of+vertical+motion+and+precipitation+microphysics+of+a+tropical+squall+line&rft.au=May%2C+P+T%3BRajopadhyaya%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=621&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.issn=00270644&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - precipitation; rainstorms; atmospheric physics; weather ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coastal erosion in the Gulf of Thailand AN - 15620338; 3931584 AB - During the past two decades the coastal areas surrounding the Gulf of Thailand from the Malaysian east coast clockwise to the southeastern tip of Thailand coast have been progressively eroded. These coastal areas which used to be villages, resorts, salt terns, shrimp ponds, and mangroves, are now under the seawaters. At present the intensity and rate of coastal erosion are continuing without any sign of slowing down. This paper presents an overview of the coastal erosion problem in coastal area of the Gulf Thailand, their causes, and possible remedial measures. JF - GeoJournal AU - Nutalaya, P AD - Asian Inst. Technol., Asian Disaster Preparedness Cent., GPO 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 283 EP - 300 VL - 38 IS - 3 SN - 0343-2521, 0343-2521 KW - ISEW, Thailand Gulf KW - Thailand Gulf KW - coastal erosion KW - coastal morphology KW - nature conservation KW - resource conservation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Marine KW - erosion KW - Thailand KW - coasts KW - Brackish KW - erosion control KW - coastal zone management KW - soil conservation KW - geomorphology KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q2 09123:Conservation KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - SW 0870:Erosion and sedimentation KW - Q2 09124:Coastal zone management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15620338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GeoJournal&rft.atitle=Coastal+erosion+in+the+Gulf+of+Thailand&rft.au=Nutalaya%2C+P&rft.aulast=Nutalaya&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GeoJournal&rft.issn=03432521&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal erosion; nature conservation; coastal morphology; erosion; coasts; erosion control; coastal zone management; soil conservation; resource conservation; geomorphology; Thailand; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Release of both native and non-native proteins from a cis-only GroEL ternary complex AN - 15616971; 3932633 AB - Protein folding by the double-ring chaperonin GroEL is initiated in cis ternary complexes, in which polypeptide is sequestered in the central channel of a GroEL ring, capped by the co-chaperonin GroES. The cis ternary complex is dissociated (half-life of similar to 15 s) by trans-sided ATP hydrolysis, which triggers release of GroES. For the substrate protein rhodanese, only similar to 15% of cis-localized molecules attain their native form before hydrolysis. A major question concerning the GroEL mechanism is whether both native and non-native forms are released from the cis complex. Here we address this question using a "cis-only" mixed-ring GroEL complex that binds polypeptide and GroES on only one of its two rings. This complex mediates refolding of rhodanese but, as with wild-type GroEL, renaturation is quenched by addition of mutant GroEL "traps", which bind but do not release polypeptide substrate. This indicates that non-native forms are released from the cis complex. Quenching of refolding by traps was also observed under physiological conditions, both in undiluted Xenopus oocyte extract and in intact oocytes. We conclude that release of non-native forms from GroEL in vivo allows a kinetic partitioning among various chaperones and proteolytic components, which determines both the conformation and lifetime of a protein. JF - Nature AU - Burston, S G AU - Weissman, J S AU - Farr, G W AU - Fenton, WA AU - Horwich, AL AD - Dep. Genet., Yale Univ. Sch. Med., Boyer Cent., 295 Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06510, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 96 EP - 99 VL - 383 IS - 6595 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - GroEL protein KW - chaperonins KW - GroES protein KW - rhodanese KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - protein folding KW - protein structure KW - Escherichia coli KW - J 02727:Amino acids, peptides and proteins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15616971?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Release+of+both+native+and+non-native+proteins+from+a+cis-only+GroEL+ternary+complex&rft.au=Burston%2C+S+G%3BWeissman%2C+J+S%3BFarr%2C+G+W%3BFenton%2C+WA%3BHorwich%2C+AL&rft.aulast=Burston&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=383&rft.issue=6595&rft.spage=96&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; protein structure; protein folding ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic and seasonal variation in body colour of the Australian death adder, Acanthophis antarcticus (Squamata: Elapidae) AN - 15615636; 3932083 AB - Two colour morphs, red and grey, are recognized in the death adder, Acanthophis antarcticus, an Australian elapid snake. The inheritance of these morphs appears to be controlled by two alleles at a single autosomal locus, with red dominant to grey. Both morphs show seasonal changes in dorsal reflectance. They show similar reflectance patterns in winter, whereas in summer red animals become less reflectant, grey animals become more reflectant. Populations in northern and eastern Australia contain predominantly red snakes, whereas southern populations consist of mostly grey snakes. Selection for crypsis through substrata colour matching may be important in maintaining the polymorphism. JF - Journal of Zoology AU - Johnston, G AD - Sch. Biol. Sci., Flinders Univ., G.P.O. Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 187 EP - 196 VL - 239 IS - 1 SN - 0952-8369, 0952-8369 KW - body color KW - Ecology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - inheritance KW - population studies KW - polymorphism KW - Acanthophis antarcticus KW - coloration KW - ecological genetics KW - seasonal variations KW - genetic variance KW - G 07375:Reptiles KW - D 04670:Reptiles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15615636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zoology&rft.atitle=Genetic+and+seasonal+variation+in+body+colour+of+the+Australian+death+adder%2C+Acanthophis+antarcticus+%28Squamata%3A+Elapidae%29&rft.au=Johnston%2C+G&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=239&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Zoology&rft.issn=09528369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acanthophis antarcticus; genetic variance; seasonal variations; inheritance; population studies; polymorphism; ecological genetics; coloration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Accumulation of a sulphur-rich seed albumin from sunflower in the leaves of transgenic subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) AN - 15610300; 3928601 AB - A gene encoding a sulphur-rich, sunflower seed albumin (23% cysteine plus methionine) was modified to contain the promoter for the 35S RNA of cauliflower mosaic virus, in order to obtain leaf expression in transgenic plants. In addition, a sequence encoding an endoplasmic reticulum-retention signal was added to the 3' end of the coding region so as to stabilize the protein by diverting it away from the vacuole. The modified gene was introduced into subterranean clover (T. subterraneum L.) and its expression was detected by northern and western blots and by immunogold localization. The albumin was accumulated in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, and, among six independent, transformed lines, it accumulated in the leaves of T sub(0) transgenic plants at varying levels up to 0.3% of the total extractable protein. The level of accumulation of the sunflower albumin increased with increasing leaf age, and in the older leaves of the most highly expressing plants of the T sub(1) generation it reached 1.3% of total extractable protein. Expression of the SSA gene was stable in the first and second generation progeny. These results indicate that there is potential for significantly improving the nutritional value of subterranean clover for ruminant animals such as sheep by expressing genes that code for sulphur-rich, rumen-stable proteins in leaves. JF - Transgenic Research AU - Khan, MRI AU - Ceriotti, A AU - Tabe, L AU - Aryan, A AU - McNabb, W AU - Moore, A AU - Craig, S AU - Spencer, D AU - Higgins, TJV AD - CSIRO, Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 179 EP - 185 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - SSA gene KW - albumin KW - storage protein KW - sulfur KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Trifolium subterraneum KW - transgenic plants KW - Helianthus annuus KW - seeds KW - gene expression KW - leaves KW - proteins KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07352:Dicotyledons (miscellaneous) KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15610300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transgenic+Research&rft.atitle=Accumulation+of+a+sulphur-rich+seed+albumin+from+sunflower+in+the+leaves+of+transgenic+subterranean+clover+%28Trifolium+subterraneum+L.%29&rft.au=Khan%2C+MRI%3BCeriotti%2C+A%3BTabe%2C+L%3BAryan%2C+A%3BMcNabb%2C+W%3BMoore%2C+A%3BCraig%2C+S%3BSpencer%2C+D%3BHiggins%2C+TJV&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=MRI&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transgenic+Research&rft.issn=09628819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transgenic plants; gene expression; seeds; leaves; proteins; Trifolium subterraneum; Helianthus annuus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new hemoglobin gene from soybean: A role for hemoglobin in all plants AN - 15607044; 3923588 AB - We have isolated a new hemoglobin gene from soybean. It is expressed in cotyledons, stem of seedlings, roots, young leaves, and in some cells in the nodules that are associated with the nitrogen-fixing Bradyrhizobium symbiont. This contrasts with the expression of the leghemoglobins, which are active only in the infected cells of the nodules. The deduced protein sequence of the new gene show only 58% similarity to one of the soybean leghemoglobins, but 85-87% similarity to hemoglobins from the nonlegumes Parasponia, Casuarina, and barley. The pattern of expression and the gene sequence indicate that this new gene in a nonsymbiotic legume hemoglobin. The finding of this gene in legumes and similar genes in other species strengthens our previous suggestion that genomes of all plants contain hemoglobin genes. The specialized leghemoglobin gene family may have arisen from a preexisting nonsymbiotic hemoglobin by gene duplication. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA AU - Andersson, C R AU - Jensen, E O AU - Llewellyn, D J AU - Dennis, E S AU - Peacock, W J AD - Commonwealth Scientific and Ind. Res. Organization Plant Ind., G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 5682 EP - 5687 VL - 93 IS - 12 SN - 0027-8424, 0027-8424 KW - Parasponia KW - globin KW - leghemoglobin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - Hordeum vulgare KW - nucleotide sequence KW - Casuarina KW - Bradyrhizobium KW - genes KW - nitrogen fixation KW - Glycine max KW - N 14640:Structure & sequence KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07353:GENERAL KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15607044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.atitle=A+new+hemoglobin+gene+from+soybean%3A+A+role+for+hemoglobin+in+all+plants&rft.au=Andersson%2C+C+R%3BJensen%2C+E+O%3BLlewellyn%2C+D+J%3BDennis%2C+E+S%3BPeacock%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Andersson&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=5682&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+USA&rft.issn=00278424&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nucleotide sequence; genes; nitrogen fixation; Hordeum vulgare; Casuarina; Bradyrhizobium; Glycine max ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The organization of convection in the rainbands of tropical cyclone Laurence AN - 15606128; 3925904 AB - A slow-moving weak tropical cyclone passed near Darwin, Australia, in December 1990. Rainbands were observed by a Doppler weather radar and a 50-MHz wind profiler for over 24 h. The principal bands were seen to be organized on two distinct scales. Bands of stratiform precipitation formed at a radius of about 100 km from the center of the storm and moved outward at about 6 m s super(-1). These decayed after they moved past Darwin over land. A distinct midlevel jet extended along the bands. Within the bands, convective lines formed at regular intervals, propagated against and outward with respect to the mean flow, and acted as a partial barrier to the radial inflow. Deep, active convection was confined to these lines. The vertical motion in the convection showed a distinct acceleration above the freezing level with measured updrafts of up to 10 m s super(-1). The convection elevated the tropopause height over the rainband. It is hypothesized that an inertia-gravity wave propagating from near the storm eye was responsible for triggering the convection within the lines. This hypothesis, although difficult to test, accounts for the propagation characteristics of the convective lines and offers an explanation of why similar features have not been seen in more intense storms. JF - Monthly Weather Review AU - May, P T AD - Bureau Meteorology Res. Cent., 13th Floor, Celsius House, 150 Lonsdale St., GPO Box 1289K, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 807 EP - 815 VL - 124 IS - 5 SN - 0027-0644, 0027-0644 KW - Australia, Darwin KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - precipitation KW - tropical cyclones KW - radar KW - convection KW - rain KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15606128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=The+organization+of+convection+in+the+rainbands+of+tropical+cyclone+Laurence&rft.au=May%2C+P+T&rft.aulast=May&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.issn=00270644&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - convection; rain; tropical cyclones; radar; precipitation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phage specific for Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal AN - 15604881; 3922065 AB - From the stool of a Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal-infected patient, a phage that specifically lysed capsulated V. cholerae O139 strains only was isolated. The phage is useful for the confirmatory diagnosis of V. cholerae O139 infection and for the differentiation of variants that lack the capsule. JF - Journal of Clinical Microbiology AU - Albert, MJ AU - Bhuiyan, NA AU - Rahman, ASMH AU - Ghosh, AN AU - Hultenby, K AU - Weintraub, A AU - Nahar, S AU - Kibriya, AKMG AU - Ansaruzzaman, M AU - Shimada, T AD - ICDDR,B, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1843 EP - 1845 VL - 34 IS - 7 SN - 0095-1137, 0095-1137 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - phage typing KW - phages KW - J 02750:Phage-host interactions KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing KW - V 22070:Phage-host interactions including lysogeny & transduction UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15604881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Phage+specific+for+Vibrio+cholerae+O139+Bengal&rft.au=Albert%2C+MJ%3BBhuiyan%2C+NA%3BRahman%2C+ASMH%3BGhosh%2C+AN%3BHultenby%2C+K%3BWeintraub%2C+A%3BNahar%2C+S%3BKibriya%2C+AKMG%3BAnsaruzzaman%2C+M%3BShimada%2C+T&rft.aulast=Albert&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1843&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Clinical+Microbiology&rft.issn=00951137&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio cholerae; phage typing; phages ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus fertilization strategy in fish ponds based on sediment phosphorus saturation level AN - 15596817; 3915024 AB - Two experiments were conducted to determine effective P fertilization strategy in fish ponds in relation to sediment P saturation level. Experiment 1 was conducted in cement tanks with five levels of P saturation in the sediments (5, 24, 44, 60 and 79%) and with three P fertilization rates (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 g m-3 day-1, N:P ratios of 2:1, 4:1 and 8:1, respectively). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were cultured in the tanks for 57 days. Results showed that the mean concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the water column increased with increasing sediment P saturation and P fertilization rate. The maximum net fish yield (NFY), 4.2 plus or minus 0.3 g m-3 day-1, was obtained at an SRP concentration of 0.3 mg l-1; higher concentrations did not increase fish yield. These levels of SRP and NFY were attainable with P fertilization rates of 0.2 g m-3 day-1, 0.1 g m-3 day-1 and 0.05 g m-3 day-1 and N:P ratios of 2:1, 4:1 and 8:1 in ponds where the level of sediment P saturation was below 10%, above 45% and above 60%, respectively. Experiment 2 was conducted in earthen ponds to test and verify the P fertilization rate based on the cement tank results. Three new and three old ponds with 8 plus or minus 1.7% and 88 plus or minus 7.3% sediment P saturated in the top 5 cm of mud were fertilized at a rate of 0.2 g m-3 day-1 and 0.05 g m-3 day-1 and N:P ratio of 2:1 and 8:1, respectively. Nile tilapia were cultured at a density of two fish m-3 for 85 days. The mean NFY obtained in new and old ponds were 1.73 plus or minus 0.08 g m-3 day-1 and 2.24 plus or minus 0.32 g m-3 day-1, respectively, which were not significantly different (P>0.05). We conclude that P fertilization rate should be based on P saturation level in mud to overcome the problem of under or over supply of P in fish ponds. JF - Aquaculture AU - Shrestha, M K AU - Kwei Lin, C AD - School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 207 EP - 219 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 142 IS - 3-4 SN - 0044-8486, 0044-8486 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - fertilizers KW - fish culture KW - phosphorus KW - Oreochromis niloticus KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15596817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+fertilization+strategy+in+fish+ponds+based+on+sediment+phosphorus+saturation+level&rft.au=Shrestha%2C+M+K%3BKwei+Lin%2C+C&rft.aulast=Shrestha&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquaculture&rft.issn=00448486&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fertilizers; fish culture; phosphorus; Oreochromis niloticus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water use and growth of cotton in response to elevated CO sub(2) in wet and drying soil AN - 15595287; 3916821 AB - Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum cv. Sicala 34) was grown at 352 ('low CO sub(2)') or 710 ('high CO sub(2)') mu L L super(-1) atmospheric CO sub(2) in continuously wet soil, or in drying soil, or in drying soil re-wetted after plant wilting. In wet soil, the approximately 15% reduction in transpiration per unit leaf area owing to high CO sub(2) was only half that for other species, whereas effects on growth and leaf area were relatively larger. Consequently, water use per plant was 45-50% higher for high CO sub(2) plants in contrast to other species for which the rate of water use is either the same or lower in high CO sub(2). Greater plant water use early in a drying cycle caused the soil to dry faster under high CO sub(2) than under low CO sub(2). The addition of the consequential greater water stress at high CO sub(2) in drying soil to the direct CO sub(2) effect on stomata caused the transpiration rate of high CO sub(2) plants to fall by up to 60% as the soil dried relative to plants drying at low CO sub(2). After re-wetting the dry soil, the reduction in transpiration rate at high CO sub(2) returned within hours to the value of 15% seen in wet soil. The results were inconsistent with the idea that water deficits increase the sensitivity of stomatal aperture to CO sub(2). Other consequences of drier soil under high CO sub(2) compared with low CO sub(2) were: (a) unlike in many other species, in cotton, the relative growth enhancement by high CO sub(2) is not higher under drying soil compared with wet soil owing to the opposite effect on soil water content; and (b) the increased water-use efficiency in drying soil relative to wet soil was greater in high CO sub(2) plants than in low CO sub(2). The confounding of indirect effects of soil water with the direct CO sub(2) effects may explain the wide variability of literature reports about CO sub(2) effects on stomatal conductance and water use. JF - Australian Journal of Plant Physiology AU - Samarakoon, AB AU - Gifford, R M AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 63 EP - 74 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0310-7841, 0310-7841 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil water KW - water use KW - moisture content KW - plant growth KW - carbon dioxide KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15595287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.atitle=Water+use+and+growth+of+cotton+in+response+to+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+in+wet+and+drying+soil&rft.au=Samarakoon%2C+AB%3BGifford%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Samarakoon&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.issn=03107841&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water use; plant growth; carbon dioxide; soil water; moisture content ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous estimation of microbial phospholipid fatty acids and diether lipids by capillary gas chromatography AN - 15589915; 3915418 AB - The simultaneous measurement of specific phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids (PLFA) and diether lipids was achieved using high temperature capillary gas chromatography (GC). A GC method was developed and used to simultaneously determine diether lipid and PLFA content in the same GC run. The key features of the method were a slow (1 degree C/min) temperature ramp through the fatty acid region of the chromatogram followed by a high temperature ramp where the diether lipid eluted. Using this method on both pure bacterial cultures and aquatic sediments, resolution was achieved of the diether lipid and the PLFA, including novel C16 and C18 monounsaturated fatty acids derived from methanotrophs. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Virtue, P AU - Nichols, P D AU - Boon, P I AD - CSIRO Div. Oceanogr., GPO Box 1538 Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 177 EP - 185 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - diether lipid KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - gas chromatography KW - fatty acids KW - phospholipids KW - methanotrophic bacteria KW - sediments KW - A 01014:Others KW - J 02731:Lipids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15589915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+estimation+of+microbial+phospholipid+fatty+acids+and+diether+lipids+by+capillary+gas+chromatography&rft.au=Virtue%2C+P%3BNichols%2C+P+D%3BBoon%2C+P+I&rft.aulast=Virtue&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sediments; methanotrophic bacteria; gas chromatography; phospholipids; fatty acids ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The water relations of the root-soil interface AN - 15588075; 3917815 AB - The difference in hydrostatic pressure between the xylem of the leaf and the soil depends, for a given transpiration rate, on the series of hydraulic resistances encountered along this pathway. Many studies have shown that the sum of the resistances in the plant and the soil is too small to account for the fall in water pressure between the leaf xylem and the soil, especially when plants are growing in sandy soils, which are prone to dry rapidly. A resistance at the root-soil interface, caused possibly by poor contact between the roots and the soil, has been proposed to account for the discrepancy. We explored the resistance in the pathway from soil to leaf using a technique that allows precise and continuous non-destructive measurement of the hydrostatic pressure in the leaf xylem. When the soil was leached with water, the fall in leaf water status as the soil dried was reasonably well described by a simple physical model without the need to invoke an interfacial resistance. However, when the soil was flushed with a nutrient solution with an osmotic pressure of 70kPa, the hydrostatic pressure in the leaf xylem fell several times faster than that in the soil. We suggest that solutes accumulated either in the root or just outside it, creating large osmotic pressures, which gave the appearance of an interfacial resistance. JF - Plant, Cell & Environment AU - Stirzaker, R J AU - Passioura, J B AD - CSIRO, Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 201 EP - 208 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0140-7791, 0140-7791 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil water KW - water transport KW - osmotic pressure KW - roots KW - transpiration KW - solutes KW - resistance KW - hydraulic properties KW - leaves KW - hydrostatic pressure KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15588075?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=The+water+relations+of+the+root-soil+interface&rft.au=Stirzaker%2C+R+J%3BPassioura%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=Stirzaker&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant%2C+Cell+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01407791&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hydrostatic pressure; transpiration; roots; osmotic pressure; water transport; leaves; resistance; soil water; hydraulic properties; solutes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Elevated CO sub(2) effects on water use and growth of maize in wet and drying soil AN - 15586066; 3916822 AB - It is unclear from the literature as to whether growth of C sub(4) species is responsive to elevated atmospheric CO sub(2) concentration. Reports vary between no response to strong response. To explore the origin of this discrepancy, spaced plants of maize (Zea mays) were grown at atmospheric CO sub(2) concentrations of 362 or 717 mu L L super(-1) under continuously wet or drying soil regimes. The aims were to evaluate the comparative growth promotion from elevated CO sub(2) in a C sub(4) plant under the two contrasting water regimes and the causes of any such promotion, and also how water-use efficiency (WUE) is influenced by high CO sub(2) under the two water regimes. In wet soil, transpiration rate was reduced on average by 29% at high CO sub(2) but neither total dry matter nor plant height was significantly affected by CO sub(2) level. Leaf area was not influenced significantly, so daily water use per plant was 25% lower and WUE was increased entirely due to reduced water use at high CO sub(2). In soil that was drying from field capacity, plants in high CO sub(2) used about 30% less water than those in ambient CO sub(2) while the soil was still wet. This resulted in higher soil water content at high CO sub(2). Plant growth showed a marked response, accumulating 35% more leaf area and 50% more dry matter. Young internodes elongated up to 170% more, giving taller plants. The growth enhancement was largely due to higher average net assimilation rate indicating that C sub(4) photosynthesis responded to elevated CO sub(2) during drought. In drying soil the increase in WUE was due to both increased dry matter and reduced water use, the contribution from each depending on the stage of soil drying. We hypothesise therefore that literature examples where maize growth responded to elevated CO sub(2) may have involved (possibly unrecognised) minor water deficits. JF - Australian Journal of Plant Physiology AU - Samarakoon, AB AU - Giffod, R M AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 53 EP - 62 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0310-7841, 0310-7841 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - soil water KW - water use KW - moisture content KW - transpiration KW - corn KW - drought KW - carbon dioxide KW - SW 0860:Water and plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15586066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.atitle=Elevated+CO+sub%282%29+effects+on+water+use+and+growth+of+maize+in+wet+and+drying+soil&rft.au=Samarakoon%2C+AB%3BGiffod%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Samarakoon&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.issn=03107841&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; water use; corn; soil water; moisture content; transpiration; drought ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monte Carlo modeling of time-dependent exposures using a microexposure event approach AN - 15582623; 3910853 AB - Over the last 10 years, a number of researchers have used Monte Carlo analysis to investigate the variation in long-term average dose rates in exposed populations and the uncertainty in estimates of long-term average dose rates for specific individuals. In general, these researchers have modeled long-term exposures using simple dose rate equations which assume that individuals are exposed to a single environmental concentration at a constant rate over a specified exposure duration. This paper presents an alternative approach for modeling long-term average exposures called microexposure event modeling which addresses a number of shortcomings in traditional dose rate equations. The paper discusses the limitations of the traditional dose rate equation, presents a description of the methodology, and illustrates advantages of the approach with a case study. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Price, P S AU - Curry, CL AU - Goodrum, P E AU - Gray, M N AU - McCrodden, JI AU - Harrington, N W AU - Carlson-Lynch, H AU - Keenan, R E AD - ChemRisk registered , Div. McLaren/Hart, 1685 Congress St., Portland, ME 04102, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 339 EP - 348 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Monte Carlo simulation KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - dose-response effects KW - mathematical models KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15582623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Monte+Carlo+modeling+of+time-dependent+exposures+using+a+microexposure+event+approach&rft.au=Price%2C+P+S%3BCurry%2C+CL%3BGoodrum%2C+P+E%3BGray%2C+M+N%3BMcCrodden%2C+JI%3BHarrington%2C+N+W%3BCarlson-Lynch%2C+H%3BKeenan%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dose-response effects; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution from energy use in a developing country city: The case of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal AN - 15582111; 3916878 AB - We have examined sectoral energy-use patterns and estimated the associated emission of key air pollutants in Kathmandu Valley for 1993, as well as the levels of pollutant emissions from fuel use in 2013 under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario; total emissions of selected pollutants are estimated to be over 63,000 tons in 1993 and to increase five-fold by 2013. The transport sector contributes the largest share of pollutants, followed by the household and industrial sectors. Gasoline, fuelwood and coal were the dominant fuel contributors to total emissions and CO was the dominant pollutant. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Shrestha, R M AU - Malla, S AD - Energy Program, Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 785 EP - 794 VL - 21 IS - 9 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - developing countries KW - energy sources KW - emission inventories KW - Nepal, Kathmandu Valley KW - air pollution KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15582111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+from+energy+use+in+a+developing+country+city%3A+The+case+of+Kathmandu+Valley%2C+Nepal&rft.au=Shrestha%2C+R+M%3BMalla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Shrestha&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Nepal, Kathmandu Valley; energy sources; air pollution; developing countries; emission inventories ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Slumping of brine mounds: Bounds on behaviour AN - 15573302; 3908008 AB - Two modifications of the approximate analysis of interface motion during two-fluid density-driven flows of De Josselin de Jong (1981) are applied to the slumping of finite two-dimensional and axisymmetric brine mounds. Both lead to simple similarity solutions. One modification gives upper bounds on the time-scales of the process and the other lower bounds. The bounds are close enough to allow estimation of true behaviour within order-of-magnitude accuracy. Application of the solutions to brine-fresh interactions is illustrated by a numerical example based on natural salinas. The analysis applies to any pollutant or pollution solution denser than the groundwater, and it carries over to the converse problem of the spreading over the groundwater of a lighter pollutant (such as petroleum). JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Philip, J R AU - Van Duijn, CJ AD - CSIRO Cent. for Environ. Mechanics, GPO Box 821, Canberra A.C.T. 2601, Australia Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 159 EP - 180 VL - 179 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - behavior KW - density flow KW - ground water KW - path of pollutants KW - saline intrusion KW - saline-freshwater interfaces KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - numerical analysis KW - density stratification KW - fluid flow KW - groundwater pollution KW - brines KW - water resources KW - Q2 09169:Fluid mechanics KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15573302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Slumping+of+brine+mounds%3A+Bounds+on+behaviour&rft.au=Philip%2C+J+R%3BVan+Duijn%2C+CJ&rft.aulast=Philip&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - saline intrusion; groundwater pollution; numerical analysis; brines; density stratification; fluid flow; water resources; density flow; ground water; behavior; saline-freshwater interfaces; path of pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of the Effects of Overexpression of Metallothionein-I in Transgenic Mice on the Reproductive Toxicology of Cadmium AN - 14418224; 10520176 AB - The level of expression and tissue-specific distribution of metallothionein-I (MT-I) was examined in reproductive organs of male and female transgenic and control mice to assess the possible role of MT-I in protecting against cadmium-induced testicular damage and early pregnancy failure. The Cd doses ranged 7.545 mu mol/kg body weight. Results indicated that the transgenic mice exhibited dramatically increased steady-state levels of MT-I mRNA and MT in the testes and in the female reproductive tract during pregnancy. Exposure to 10 mu mol Cd/kg caused rapid changes in the histology of the testes and resulted in pronounced testicular necrosis in both groups. Injection of Cd after female transgenic and control mice were mated resulted in reduced pregnancy rate and no protection by overexpression of MT. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dalton, Tim AU - Fu, Kai AU - Enders, George C AU - Palmiter, Richard D AU - Andrews, Glen K Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 68 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PROTEIN KW - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - CADMIUM KW - TESTIS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14418224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+Effects+of+Overexpression+of+Metallothionein-I+in+Transgenic+Mice+on+the+Reproductive+Toxicology+of+Cadmium&rft.au=Dalton%2C+Tim%3BFu%2C+Kai%3BEnders%2C+George+C%3BPalmiter%2C+Richard+D%3BAndrews%2C+Glen+K&rft.aulast=Dalton&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PROTEIN; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; CADMIUM; TESTIS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ingestion, Inhalation, and Dermal Exposures to Chloroform and Trichloroethene from Tap Water AN - 14417690; 10520174 AB - Exposure to chloroform and trichloroethene from ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact with potable water was investigated. A total of 25 experiments were conducted using 11 subjects. Results indicated that only breath samples collected seconds to minutes after ingesting residential well water containing trichloroethene had elevated concentrations of the compound, while no breath samples had measurable levels of chloroform. However, the concentrations of both compounds were elevated for extended time periods in the exhaled breath of each subject after both inhalation and dermal exposures during showering. Breath concentrations were also elevated after dermal exposure via bathing. The calculated internal dose from inhalation exposure ranged 60250 and 3080 mu g for trichloroethene and chloroform, respectively. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weisel, Clifford P AU - Jo, Wan-Kuen Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 48 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CHLOROFORM KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - TRICHLOROETHYLENE KW - VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14417690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ingestion%2C+Inhalation%2C+and+Dermal+Exposures+to+Chloroform+and+Trichloroethene+from+Tap+Water&rft.au=Weisel%2C+Clifford+P%3BJo%2C+Wan-Kuen&rft.aulast=Weisel&rft.aufirst=Clifford&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHLOROFORM; WATER, DRINKING; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological Monitoring of Workers Exposed to N-Nitrosodiethanolamine in the Metal Industry AN - 14417260; 10520177 AB - Workers in the metal industry in Italy were studied in terms of some biomarkers of internal dose of N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) and early biological effects. The workers regularly used cutting oils that had been previously analyzed for nitrite and NDELA content and mutagenicity. Urine samples were collected and analyzed for mutagenicity and for concentrations of NDELA, thioethers, and D-glucaric acid, while blood was analyzed for sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes. Results indicated the presence of NDELA in the urine samples from workers exposed to cutting fluids with NDELA concentrations of at least 5 mg/l, showing that the contaminant was adsorbed by humans. The increase in thioethers, but not in D-glucaric acid, suggested that NDELA compounds were detoxified by reacting with endogenous glutathione more than through glucuronidation. Urinary mutagenicity assay and lymphocyte sister chromatid exchanges did not appear to be relevant for biomonitoring NDELA exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Monarca, Silvano AU - Scassellati-Sforzolini, Giuseppina AU - Donato, Francesco AU - Angeli, Giuseppe AU - Spiegelhalder, Berthold AU - Fatigoni, Cristina AU - Pasquini, Rossana Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 78 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - METALLURGY KW - MUTAGENIC AGENTS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14417260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biological+Monitoring+of+Workers+Exposed+to+N-Nitrosodiethanolamine+in+the+Metal+Industry&rft.au=Monarca%2C+Silvano%3BScassellati-Sforzolini%2C+Giuseppina%3BDonato%2C+Francesco%3BAngeli%2C+Giuseppe%3BSpiegelhalder%2C+Berthold%3BFatigoni%2C+Cristina%3BPasquini%2C+Rossana&rft.aulast=Monarca&rft.aufirst=Silvano&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; METALLURGY; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Endogenous, Stable Lead Isotopes to Determine Release of Lead from the Skeleton AN - 14417144; 10520175 AB - Lead concentrations and stable Pb isotopic compositions were measured in blood and bone samples from patients undergoing total hip or knee-joint replacement to assess the skeleton as a source of Pb to the blood circulation in environmentally exposed subjects. Relatively large differences between the Pb isotopic compositions of the paired blood and bone samples were found for each subject, with bone exhibiting notably larger super(207)Pb/ super(206)Pb and super(208)Pb/ super(206)Pb ratios in all cases, which were attributed to differences in the Pb isotopic compositions of current versus past Pb exposures and to the long elimination half-life of Pb in the skeleton compared to Pb in the circulation. Blood Pb derived from the skeleton was calculated to range 4272%. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Smith, Donald R AU - Osterloh, John D AU - Flegal, ARussell Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 60 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 104 IS - 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - RADIOISOTOPIC TRACERS KW - SOURCE MEASUREMENT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14417144?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+Endogenous%2C+Stable+Lead+Isotopes+to+Determine+Release+of+Lead+from+the+Skeleton&rft.au=Smith%2C+Donald+R%3BOsterloh%2C+John+D%3BFlegal%2C+ARussell&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RADIOISOTOPIC TRACERS; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; SOURCE MEASUREMENT ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ranking irrigation management alternatives by multicriterion analysis AN - 13631902; 199701610 AB - A 3-stage procedure was used to rank alternative plans for irrigation development strategies with consideration of the 3 conflicting objectives of net benefits, agricultural production and labour employment. The procedure involved multi-objective optimization, cluster analysis and multi-criterion decision making (MCDM) methods. Five MCDM methods were used, ELECTRE-2, PROMETHEE-2, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Compromise Programming and Multicriterion Q-Analysis, with correlation between them assessed by the Spearman rank correlation test. The methodology was applied to a case study of the Sri Ram Sagar project in Andhra Pradesh, India, to select the best alternative irrigation planning strategy. JF - International Journal of Water Resources Development AU - Pillai, CRS AU - Raju, K S AD - Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 329 EP - 345 VL - 12 IS - 3 SN - 0790-0627, 0790-0627 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Water+Resources+Development&rft.atitle=Ranking+irrigation+management+alternatives+by+multicriterion+analysis&rft.au=Pillai%2C+CRS%3BRaju%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=CRS&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Water+Resources+Development&rft.issn=07900627&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Biennial report to Congress on the status of GPO Access, a service of the U.S. Government Printing Office: established under Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993; Public Law 103-40--June 8, 1993 AN - 59732377; 1996-0410340 AB - On the service which provides public access to online databases of government publications and documents. Data bases include the Congressional Record, the Federal Register, the Congressional Record Index, bills and laws, the US Code, GAO reports, and others. JF - Office of Congressional, Legislative and Public Affairs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401, December 31 1995. 19+52 pp. Y1 - 1995/12/31/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 31 EP - 19+52 PB - Office of Congressional, Legislative and Public Affairs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401 KW - Information processing systems -- Government use KW - Data base systems -- Government use KW - Government information -- Information processing systems KW - Government records -- Information processing systems KW - United States -- Government printing office KW - Online information retrieval -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59732377?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-12-31&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19%2B52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Biennial+report+to+Congress+on+the+status+of+GPO+Access%2C+a+service+of+the+U.S.+Government+Printing+Office%3A+established+under+Government+Printing+Office+Electronic+Information+Access+Enhancement+Act+of+1993%3B+Public+Law+103-40--June+8%2C+1993&rft.title=Biennial+report+to+Congress+on+the+status+of+GPO+Access%2C+a+service+of+the+U.S.+Government+Printing+Office%3A+established+under+Government+Printing+Office+Electronic+Information+Access+Enhancement+Act+of+1993%3B+Public+Law+103-40--June+8%2C+1993&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Office of Congressional, Legislative and Public Affairs, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401 pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), diag(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: Treatment with Subpial Intracortical Transection AN - 85604367; 9604897 AB - Results of using a new surgical technique designed to eliminate the capacity of cortical tissue to generate seizures while preserving the normal cortical physiological function are reported. Children (N = 14) with aphasia, seizure, & a severely abnormal EEG were treated by multiple subpial transection of the epileptogenic cortex. Seven Ss have recovered age-appropriate speech, are in regular classes, & no longer require speech therapy. Four Ss have shown marked improvement, are speaking & understanding verbal instruction, but still receive speech therapy. Thus, 11 of 14 Ss (79%), none of whom had used language to communicate for at least 2 years, are now speaking. The success of the treatment depends on selection of patients with severe epileptogenic abnormality that can be demonstrated to be unilateral in origin despite a bilateral electrographic manifestation. 5 Tables, 15 Figures, 83 References. Adapted from the source document JF - Brain AU - Morrell, Frank AU - Whisler, Walter W AU - Smith, Michael C AU - Hoeppner, Thomas J AU - Toledo-Morrell, Leyla de AU - Pierre-Louis, Serge J C AU - Kanner, Andres M AU - Buelow, Janice M AU - Ristanovic, Ruzica AU - Bergen, Donna AU - Chez, Michael AU - Hasegawa, Hisanori AD - Rush-Presbyterian-Saint Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway Chicago IL 60612 Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1529 EP - 1546 VL - 118 IS - 6 SN - 0006-8950, 0006-8950 KW - epileptic aphasia KW - surgical treatment KW - children KW - Aphasia (03400) KW - Nervous System Disorders (57100) KW - Surgery (85900) KW - Speech Therapy (83200) KW - article KW - 6812: special education; language therapy KW - 4018: psycholinguistics; neurolinguistics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85604367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain&rft.atitle=Landau-Kleffner+Syndrome%3A+Treatment+with+Subpial+Intracortical+Transection&rft.au=Morrell%2C+Frank%3BWhisler%2C+Walter+W%3BSmith%2C+Michael+C%3BHoeppner%2C+Thomas+J%3BToledo-Morrell%2C+Leyla+de%3BPierre-Louis%2C+Serge+J+C%3BKanner%2C+Andres+M%3BBuelow%2C+Janice+M%3BRistanovic%2C+Ruzica%3BBergen%2C+Donna%3BChez%2C+Michael%3BHasegawa%2C+Hisanori&rft.aulast=Morrell&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain&rft.issn=00068950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - BRAIAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Surgery (85900); Aphasia (03400); Nervous System Disorders (57100); Speech Therapy (83200) ER - TY - GEN T1 - Compilation of Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Questions for Discussion. 104th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62674338; ED391447 AB - This volume compiles and reprints the responses of 37 organizations to a series of questions issued by the House Committee on Agriculture in anticipation of debates concerning the Research Title of the 1995 Farm Bill due for updating and revision. The questions address some of the following topics: the role of the federal government in agricultural research, coordination and relations with other federal agencies, the suitability of various regulations and procedures, setting research priorities, integrating federal-state-industry research pools, effectiveness of coordinating and advisory boards, efficiency and accountability in administration of these federal funds, partnerships with other types of organizations, guidelines for use of federal funds, land grant universities' roles, fund allocation formulas, and regional research and extension cooperation. The organizations that responded to these questions include the Department of Agriculture, the Coalition on Funding Agricultural Research Mission, professional societies such as the Phytopathological Society and the Entomological Society of America, individual higher education institutions like the Universities of Minnesota and Arkansas and Ohio State University, international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Food Policy Research Institute, and Associations such as the American Feed Industry Association and the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges. (JB) Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 496 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160521084 KW - Agricultural Policy KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Professional Associations KW - Coordination KW - Cooperative Programs KW - Government Role KW - Resource Allocation KW - Theory Practice Relationship KW - Rural Extension KW - Research and Development KW - Higher Education KW - Public Policy KW - Agricultural Sciences KW - College Role KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Public Agencies KW - International Organizations KW - Federal Legislation KW - Research Needs KW - Federal Programs KW - Policy Formation KW - Federal Regulation KW - Research KW - Agricultural Education KW - Universities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62674338?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Programs at Higher Education Institutions for Disadvantaged Precollege Students. Statistical Analysis Report. December 1995. Postsecondary Education Quick Information System (PEQUIS). Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62670068; ED391437 AB - This survey gathered information on programs at institutions of higher education that are designed to increase the access of educationally or economically disadvantaged elementary and secondary students to higher education. In addition the study aimed to compare Upward Bound, one prominent federally funded program, with others around the nation. Only the largest programs (based on funding) at each institution were included in the survey. Data were collected from two-year and four-year institutions in the fall of 1994. Of the 850 institutions surveyed, 813 responded. Highlights of the findings included: (1) 32 percent of all institutions offered at least one program for precollegiate students, and programs were especially common at large institutions and public institutions; (2) the largest programs served 317,400 students and involved 9,600 faculty and staff; (3) of the students in the largest programs, 68 percent were from low-income families, 59 percent were female, 39 percent were black, and 29 percent were Hispanic; (4) Upward Bound programs were more likely to have their students start in the freshman or sophomore years, were more intensive than other programs (with students spending a mean of 433 hours over the full year compared with 166 hours for other programs), and made greater use of reduced-price college courses. Appendixes contain tables of standard error and the survey questionnaire. (Author/JB) AU - Chaney, Bradford Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 106 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048457X KW - Upward Bound KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Program Design KW - Elementary School Students KW - Access to Education KW - Student Characteristics KW - College Attendance KW - Public Colleges KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Secondary School Students KW - College School Cooperation KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Dropout Prevention KW - Colleges KW - High Schools KW - Transitional Programs KW - Federal Programs KW - Economically Disadvantaged KW - College Programs KW - Educationally Disadvantaged KW - College Preparation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62670068?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Medical Expenditures for People with Disabilities in the United States, 1987. Disability Statistics Report 5. AN - 62667650; ED394238 AB - This report presents detailed tables on the medical expenditures of people, from young children to older adults, who are limited in activity or who need assistance in activities of daily living. It uses data from the 1987 National Medical Expenditures Survey and compares these with 1993 estimates. Tables of results are presented on: (1) total and per capita medical expenditures by type of expenditure, activity limitation status, gender, age, sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported health status, and work disability status; and (2) sources of payment for medical expenditures by age group, activity limitation status, and sociodemographic characteristics. Highlights include: 17 percent of the non-institutionalized population are limited in activity and account for 47 percent of total medical care expenditures; 11 percent of these individuals have expenditures of $10,000 or greater; total per capita expenditures are over four times greater for people with activity limitations than for people with no limitations; people limited in activity represent 38 percent of hospitalized persons and 57 percent of expenditures for hospitalization; per capita medical expenditures for white children with activity limitation are nearly twice those for black children; and 4 percent of the non-institutionalized population requires assistance in activities of daily living. An appendix provides standard error data. (DB) AU - Trupin, Laura Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 210 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485568 KW - National Medical Expenditures Survey KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Expenditures KW - Daily Living Skills KW - Age KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Disabilities KW - Independent Living KW - Adults KW - Children KW - Sex KW - Medical Services KW - Health Care Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62667650?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Cross-State Data Compendium for the NAEP 1994 Grade 4 Reading Assessment: Findings from the Trial State Assessment in Reading of the National Assessment of Educational Progress. AN - 62654507; ED388963 AB - Intended as a companion document to the "NAEP 1994 Reading Report Card for the Nation and States" and the "NAEP 1994 Reading State Report," this compendium presents fourth-grade cross-state results of the National Assessment in Educational Process (NAEP) 1994 Trial State Assessment in reading--no interpretations of the data are made. Chapter 1 presents the results for the nation; results for each of the four regions; and each of the participating jurisdictions in the context of the overall average reading proficiency, reading proficiency by the two purposes of reading, and the NAEP reading achievement levels. Chapter 2 presents similar information for selected subpopulations: race/ethnicity, gender, type of location, parents' education level, Title 1 participation, and type of school. School and classroom characteristics and methods of reading instruction are examined in chapters 3 and 4. Chapter 5 contains teachers' reports on their professional development; chapter 6 deals with students' reports of their independent reading behaviors. Contains 65 tables of data. Appendixes provide a summary of participation rates, reporting subgroup(s) definitions, advice on drawing inferences from the results, and revisions to the 1992 and 1994 findings. (RS) AU - Miller, Karen E. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 172 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485444 KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Intermediate Grades KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Teacher Attitudes KW - Professional Development KW - Reading Research KW - Reading Interests KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Reading Achievement KW - Student Attitudes KW - Reading Instruction KW - Grade 4 KW - Statistical Data KW - Teaching Methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62654507?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains tables of cross-state information for the N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Culture in Treatment, Culture as Treatment. A Critical Appraisal of Developments in Addictions Programs for Indigenous North Americans and Australians AN - 61503908; 9607304 AB - The value of culture in the treatment of addictions among indigenous peoples, particularly Native Americans & Canadians & the Australian Aborigines, is examined. The use of culture in treatment for addiction has emerged from indigenous understandings of the etiology of drug & alcohol abuse, which emphasize the impact of the disruption of cultural practices & dispossession resulting from colonialization. A return to cultural wholeness can serve as a preventive, or even curing, agent for addictive behavior. Culture as treatment carries the danger that certain aspects of culture -- eg, the drunken Indian -- will serve to foster abuse rather than prevent it. Culture as treatment will be most effective when it facilitates formation of peer groups that disvalue drug & alcohol use. 78 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Social Science and Medicine AU - Brady, Maggie AD - Australian Instit Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies, GPO Box 553 Canberra ACT 2601 Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1487 EP - 1498 VL - 41 IS - 11 SN - 0277-9536, 0277-9536 KW - addiction treatment, indigenous peoples, culture role KW - Indigenous Populations KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Drug Addiction KW - Aboriginal Australians KW - Traditional Medicine KW - Cultural Identity KW - American Indians KW - Treatment Methods KW - Drug Abuse KW - article KW - 0513: culture and social structure; culture (kinship, forms of social organization, social cohesion & integration, & social representations) KW - 2079: sociology of health and medicine; substance use/abuse & compulsive behaviors (drug abuse, addiction, alcoholism, gambling, eating disorders, etc.) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61503908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+and+Medicine&rft.atitle=Culture+in+Treatment%2C+Culture+as+Treatment.+A+Critical+Appraisal+of+Developments+in+Addictions+Programs+for+Indigenous+North+Americans+and+Australians&rft.au=Brady%2C+Maggie&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1487&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Social+Science+and+Medicine&rft.issn=02779536&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - SSCMAW N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Drug Addiction; Alcohol Abuse; Drug Abuse; Treatment Methods; Cultural Identity; Indigenous Populations; American Indians; Aboriginal Australians; Traditional Medicine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Counterproductive Regulation AN - 61429606; 9607562 AB - Addresses the problems consistent with regulation that result in the unintended consequences causing significant harm that offset the original aims of the programs. This counterproductive regulation is explained by the combined forces of bad science (which has a tendency to overgeneralize & intervene at inappropriate times), poor planning & politics, & failures in the implementation of regulatory programs. Examples of regulations gone awry include automobile emission standards that may encourage people to retain their older, less environmental cars & the potential for a stigmatizing backlash against affirmative action programs. To reduce the risk of counterproductive regulation, it is argued that skepticism should be norm, negative by-products of regulation must be recognized, & quick fixes must be avoided. 70 References. M. Greenberg JF - International Journal of the Sociology of Law AU - Grabosky, P N AD - Australian Instit Criminology, GPO Box 2944 Canberra 2601 Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 347 EP - 369 VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0194-6595, 0194-6595 KW - counterproductive regulation, unintended harmful consequences KW - illustrative examples KW - Government Regulation KW - Policy Reform KW - article KW - 2462: policy, planning, forecasting; policy sciences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61429606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+the+Sociology+of+Law&rft.atitle=Counterproductive+Regulation&rft.au=Grabosky%2C+P+N&rft.aulast=Grabosky&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+the+Sociology+of+Law&rft.issn=01946595&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - IJSLD7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Government Regulation; Policy Reform ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bibliography: Publications on Australian Languages, 1994 AN - 58349729; 9701339 AB - A comprehensive bibliography is compiled of all 1994 original scholarly books, papers, & book reviews on Australian Aboriginal languages. M. Dinh JF - Australian Journal of Linguistics AU - Triffitt, Geraldine AD - Australian Instit Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Studies, GPO Box 553 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 241 EP - 248 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0726-8602, 0726-8602 KW - Australian Aboriginal languages, 1994 bibliography KW - Aboriginal Australians (00050) KW - Australian Macro Phylum (06450) KW - article KW - 5116: descriptive linguistics; language area studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58349729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Linguistics&rft.atitle=Bibliography%3A+Publications+on+Australian+Languages%2C+1994&rft.au=Triffitt%2C+Geraldine&rft.aulast=Triffitt&rft.aufirst=Geraldine&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Journal+of+Linguistics&rft.issn=07268602&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - AJLIDB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australian Macro Phylum (06450); Aboriginal Australians (00050) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Challenge of environmental problems in China and our response AN - 50069702; 1996-012175 JF - Journal of Geochemical Exploration AU - Qu, Geping A2 - Maurice, Yvon T. A2 - Xie Xuejing Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam-New York VL - 55 IS - 1-3 SN - 0375-6742, 0375-6742 KW - Far East KW - energy sources KW - environmental geology KW - pollution KW - Asia KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50069702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geochemical+Exploration&rft.atitle=Challenge+of+environmental+problems+in+China+and+our+response&rft.au=Qu%2C+Geping&rft.aulast=Qu&rft.aufirst=Geping&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geochemical+Exploration&rft.issn=03756742&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03756742 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 16th international geochemical exploration symposium (IGES) and 5th Chinese exploration geochemistry symposium (CEGS) joint meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Plenary session lecture N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGCEAT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; energy sources; environmental geology; Far East; pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bulgaria - a country study AN - 38882837; 1505717 JF - Osteuropa AU - Curtis, Glenn E AU - Hoppe, Hans-Joachim AU - Hoppe, Hans-Joachim Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1184 PB - Library of Congress VL - 45 IS - 12 SN - 0030-6428, 0030-6428 KW - Political Science KW - Post-communist societies KW - Political stability KW - Bulgaria KW - NATO UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38882837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aibss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Osteuropa&rft.atitle=Bulgaria+-+a+country+study&rft.au=Curtis%2C+Glenn+E%3BHoppe%2C+Hans-Joachim&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Osteuropa&rft.issn=00306428&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 9791; 8453 8056 926; 9923 11979; 67 394 129 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human health, the Great Lakes, and environmental pollution: a 1994 perspective. AN - 21276470; 11704928 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tremblay, N W AU - Gilman, A P AD - Bioregional Health Effects Programs Division, Environmental Health Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario., NeilTremblay@isdtcp3.hwc.ca Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 3 EP - 5 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Water Pollution KW - Environmental health KW - Freshwater KW - Public health KW - Lakes KW - Public Health KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Freshwater pollution KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - Q5 08501:General KW - ENA 19:Water Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21276470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+health%2C+the+Great+Lakes%2C+and+environmental+pollution%3A+a+1994+perspective.&rft.au=Tremblay%2C+N+W%3BGilman%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Tremblay&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public health; Freshwater pollution; Lakes; Environmental health; Water Pollution; Public Health; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reproductive toxicology of Great Lakes contaminants. AN - 21263168; 11701728 AB - The Great Lakes basin is characterized as a heavily populated and industrialized region in which a large number of environmental contaminants have been identified. Both the scientific community and the public have voiced concern that contaminants present in the Great Lakes may pose undue risk to human reproduction. Evidence from animal experiments, wildlife studies, and reports of occupational and accidental human exposures indicate that chemical contaminants can adversely affect reproduction. The purpose of this paper is to review the reproductive toxicity of some of the many contaminants known to be present in the Great Lakes. Since the number of chemicals present in the Great Lakes is far too great for each to be adequately reviewed here, discussion will be limited to those contaminants that have been identified in human serum, ovarian follicular fluid, and semen obtained from people residing in the Great Lakes region. It is concluded that a) the data at present is too limited to support the notion that reproduction, in the general population, has been impaired by exposure to chemicals present in the Great Lakes; b) the lack of data in some cases such as for hexachloroethane and 1,2,4-trichlobenzene does provide reason for concern and underscores the need for further research in this area; and c) the potential for a number of the compounds, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT), to disrupt endocrine functions suggests that additive or synergistic effects of these compounds may already be causing adverse effects on reproduction in sensitive individuals, which needs to be explored. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Foster, W G AD - Environmental and Occupational Toxicology Division, Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, WPOSTER@HPB.HWC.CA Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 63 EP - 69 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Ethane KW - Synergistic Effects KW - ethane KW - Population genetics KW - Lakes KW - Public Health KW - Insecticides KW - North America, Great Lakes Basin KW - Pollutants KW - lake basins KW - Semen KW - Chemical pollution KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Toxicology KW - Synergistic effects KW - Wildlife KW - Toxicity KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Reviews KW - Endocrinology KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - DDT KW - Reproduction KW - Contaminants KW - Additives KW - Side effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+reproductive+toxicology+of+Great+Lakes+contaminants.&rft.au=Foster%2C+W+G&rft.aulast=Foster&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Population genetics; Endocrinology; Ethane; DDT; Semen; Reproduction; Toxicity; Toxicology; PCB; Synergistic effects; Wildlife; ethane; Lakes; Insecticides; lake basins; Reviews; Chemical pollution; Contaminants; Additives; PCB compounds; Side effects; Public Health; Pollutants; Water Pollution Effects; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Synergistic Effects; North America, Great Lakes Basin; North America, Great Lakes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity of lead, methylmercury, and PCBs in relation to the Great Lakes. AN - 21260031; 11701726 AB - There is ample evidence identifying lead, methylmercury, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as neurotoxic agents. A large body of data on the neurotoxicity of lead, based on both epidemiologic studies in children and animal models of developmental exposure, reveals that body burdens of lead typical of people in industrialized environments produce behavioral impairment. Methylmercury was identified as a neurotoxicant in both adults and the developing organism based on episodes of human poisoning: these effects have been replicated and extended in animals. High-dose PCB exposure was recognized as a developmental toxicant as a result of several episodes of contamination of cooking oil. The threshold for PCB neurotoxicity in humans is less clear, although research in animals suggests that relatively low-level exposure produces behavioral impairment and other toxic effects. Tissue levels in fish below which human health would not be adversely affected were estimated for methylmercury and PCBs based on calculated reference doses (RfDs) and estimated fish intake. Present levels in fish tissue in the Great Lakes exceed these levels for both neurotoxicants. Great Lakes fish and water do not pose a particular hazard for increased lead intake. However, the fact that the present human body burden is in a range at which functional deficits are probable suggests that efforts should be made to eliminate point sources of lead contamination in the Great Lakes basin. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rice, D C AD - Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario., drice@bcad1.food.hwc.ca Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 71 EP - 87 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Toxicants KW - Contamination KW - Basins KW - Freshwater KW - Toxicity tests KW - Lead KW - Public health KW - Oil KW - Lakes KW - Exposure KW - Pollution indicators KW - PCB KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Poisoning KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Fish KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - Animal models KW - North America, Great Lakes Basin KW - lake basins KW - Cooking KW - Dimethylmercury KW - body burden KW - cooking KW - Oil pollution KW - Oil Pollution KW - PCB compounds KW - Methylmercury KW - Methyl mercury KW - Data processing KW - Body burden KW - Toxicity KW - Children KW - Bioaccumulation KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260031?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+of+lead%2C+methylmercury%2C+and+PCBs+in+relation+to+the+Great+Lakes.&rft.au=Rice%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methyl mercury; Body burden; Oil pollution; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Lead; PCB; Public health; Freshwater pollution; Data processing; Contamination; Toxicants; Animal models; Poisoning; Basins; Children; Oil; polychlorinated biphenyls; Cooking; Neurotoxicity; Dimethylmercury; Methylmercury; Toxicity; Lakes; lake basins; body burden; Fish; cooking; PCB compounds; Bioaccumulation; Exposure; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Water Pollution Effects; Oil Pollution; North America, Great Lakes Basin; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunological effects of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. AN - 21253454; 11701725 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and structurally similar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons cause a broad range of immunologic effects in experimental animals including decreased host resistance to infectious disease and suppressed humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. In the mouse, TCDD immunotoxicity has been shown to be an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor-dependent process. However, despite considerable research, the biochemical and molecular alterations that occur subsequent to Ah receptor activation that lead to altered immune reactivity remain to be elucidated. In addition to immune suppression, TCDD promotes inflammatory responses. This effect may result from an upregulation of the production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. Nonhuman primates exposed to TCDD show suppressed antibody responses and changes in lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood. The immunotoxic effects of TCDD in humans are poorly characterized, and few studies have examined the immune status of individuals with known, documented exposure to TCDD. It is important for laboratory research to focus on defining TCDD-sensitive immunologic biomarkers in animal models that can also be used in human subjects. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie species differences in TCDD immunotoxicity is also of critical importance for extrapolation of effects seen in laboratory animals to man. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kerkvliet, N I AD - Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, USA., kerkvlin@ccmail.orst.edu Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 47 EP - 53 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Immunology Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Immune status KW - Biochemistry KW - Tumor necrosis factor KW - Interleukin 1 KW - Laboratory animals KW - Animal models KW - tumors KW - Disease resistance KW - Lymphocytes KW - Infectious diseases KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - immunotoxicity KW - Immune response (humoral) KW - Bioindicators KW - Hydrocarbons KW - TCDD KW - Peripheral blood KW - Primates KW - biomarkers KW - Inflammation KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Antibodies KW - Immune response (cell-mediated) KW - Dibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aryl hydrocarbon receptors KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - F 06910:Microorganisms & Parasites KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Immunological+effects+of+chlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins.&rft.au=Kerkvliet%2C+N+I&rft.aulast=Kerkvliet&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immune status; Hydrocarbons; Tumor necrosis factor; Interleukin 1; Animal models; Laboratory animals; TCDD; Peripheral blood; Lymphocytes; Disease resistance; biomarkers; Inflammation; Antibodies; Immunotoxicity; Immune response (cell-mediated); Infectious diseases; Dibenzo-p-dioxin; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Aryl hydrocarbon receptors; Immune response (humoral); Bioindicators; Biochemistry; tumors; immunotoxicity; aromatic hydrocarbons; Primates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radionuclides in the Great Lakes basin. AN - 21251108; 11703631 AB - The Great Lakes basin is of radiologic interest due to the large population within its boundaries that may be exposed to various sources of ionizing radiation. Specific radionuclides of interest in the basin arising from natural and artificial sources include 3H, 14C, 90Sr, 129I, 131I, 137Cs, 222Rn, 226Ra, 235U, 238U, 239Pu, and 241Am. The greatest contribution to total radiation exposure is the natural background radiation that provides an average dose of about 2.6 mSv/year to all basin residents. Global fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted before 1963 has resulted in the largest input of anthropogenic radioactivity into the lakes. Of increasing importance is the radionuclide input from the various components of the nuclear fuel cycle. Although the dose from these activities is currently very low, it is expected to increase if there is continued growth of the nuclear industry. In spite of strict regulations on design and operation of nuclear power facilities, the potential exists for a serious accident as a result of the large inventories of radionuclides contained in the reactor cores; however, these risks are several orders of magnitude less than the risks from other natural and man-made hazards. An area of major priority over the next few decades will be the management of the substantial amounts of radioactive waste generated by nuclear fuel cycle activities. Based on derived risk coefficients, the theoretical incidence of fatal and weighted nonfatal cancers and hereditary defects in the basin's population, attributable to 50 years of exposure to natural background radiation, is conservatively estimated to be of the order of 3.4 x 10(5) cases. The total number of attributable health effects to the year 2050 from fallout radionuclides in the Great Lakes basin is of the order of 5.0 x 10(3). In contrast, estimates of attributable health effects from 50 years of exposure to current nuclear fuel cycle effluent in the basin are of the order of 2 x 10(2). Although these are hypothetical risks, they show that the radiologic impact of man-made sources is very small compared to the effects of normal background radiation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ahier, B A AU - Tracy, B L AD - Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario., bahier@hpb.hwc.ca Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 89 EP - 101 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Fuels KW - Nuclear weapons KW - Basins KW - Background Radiation KW - Fallout KW - Lakes KW - Accidents KW - Growth KW - North America, Great Lakes Basin KW - Radiation KW - lake basins KW - Exposure KW - Lake Basins KW - Radioactivity KW - Fuel KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Radioactive wastes KW - Carbon 14 KW - Effluents KW - Cancer KW - Risk KW - Weapons KW - Nuclear reactors KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Radioisotopes KW - Strontium KW - Hazardous wastes KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radionuclides+in+the+Great+Lakes+basin.&rft.au=Ahier%2C+B+A%3BTracy%2C+B+L&rft.aulast=Ahier&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth; Accidents; Ionizing radiation; Fuels; Carbon 14; Radioactive wastes; Radioisotopes; Radioactivity; Effluents; anthropogenic factors; Nuclear weapons; Basins; Cancer; Lakes; Weapons; Nuclear reactors; lake basins; Nuclear fuels; Strontium; Hazardous wastes; Fallout; Risk; Radiation; Exposure; Background Radiation; Lake Basins; Fuel; North America, Great Lakes Basin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbiological quality of aquaculture products with special reference to Listeria monocytogenes in Atlantic salmon AN - 15855081; 4014986 AB - Listeriosis is caused by the gram positive, aerobic, non-sporeforming bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Because of its diverse physiological capacities, the organism readily adapts to different environments. For example, the organism can grow over wide ranges of temperature (from refrigeration temperatures, typically 1 - 5 degree C, to 47 degree C or higher), salt concentration (0 to 10% NaCl), pH (5.2 to 9.6) and water activity (down to 0.92). One major habitat appears to be the gastrointestinal tract of warm blooded animals including domestic animals, birds and humans. The asymptomatic carrier rate in humans has been reported as 11.9% and 13.3% by Kampelmacher & van Noorle Jansen (1969). Human listeriosis is a rare disease and information on the etiology has emerged slowly. Not surprisingly, L. monocytogenes is found quite commonly in soil and fresh water habitats receiving runoff from land. JF - Food Australia AU - Garland, C D AD - Aquahealth, Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart 7001, Tasmania Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 559 EP - 563 VL - 47 IS - 12 SN - 1032-5298, 1032-5298 KW - fish culture KW - food poisoning KW - food-borne diseases KW - listeriosis KW - pathogenic bacteria KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - Salmo salar KW - A 01017:Human foods KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q4 27470:Food Products KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture KW - H SE4.24:FOOD CONTAMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15855081?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+Australia&rft.atitle=Microbiological+quality+of+aquaculture+products+with+special+reference+to+Listeria+monocytogenes+in+Atlantic+salmon&rft.au=Garland%2C+C+D&rft.aulast=Garland&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+Australia&rft.issn=10325298&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogenic bacteria; fish culture; food poisoning; listeriosis; food-borne diseases; Listeria monocytogenes; Salmo salar ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of algal food concentration on toxicity of two agricultural pesticides to Daphnia carinata AN - 15829137; 4006312 AB - The effects of algal concentration (Selanastrum capricornutum) on the toxicity of the organochlorine pesticide endosulfan and the synthetic pyrethroid esfenvalerate to Daphnia carinata was investigated. The study progressed through four stages: (1) A dose-response experiment on the effects of endosulfan and esfenvalerate on the survival, growth, and reproduction of D. carinata at a single nonlimiting food level. (2) An experiment to investigate the effects of five different food concentrations on survival, growth, and reproduction of D. carinata at sublethal concentrations of endosulfan and esfenvalerate compared with nonexposed controls. (3) An experiment to investigate the effects of route of exposure (water, food-borne, or water + food-borne exposure) on the toxicity of endosulfan to D. carinata. (4) An experiment to investigate the effects of algal concentration on persistence of endosulfan in the water column and on the relative toxicity of the alpha and beta isomers and of endosulfan sulfate to D. carinata. In the first experiment all daphnids exposed to 500 ng/liter esfenvalerate died within 3 days. There was a significant effect of esfenvalerate on reproduction at 50 ng/liter by the second brood. Endosulfan did not cause significant mortality to daphnids but brood size was reduced at 320 mu g/liter. In the second experiment the toxicity of esfenvalerate increased significantly with decreasing food concentration. In contrast, the toxicity of endosulfan to D. carinata was greatest at the higher food concentrations. Direct water-borne exposure to endosulfan was the most toxic route of exposure and the presence of algae decreased toxicity of this pesticide. The total amount of endosulfan ( alpha + beta + endosulfan sulfate) persisting in the water column after 24 hr was greater at high food levels, suggesting that this may be one mechanism for increased toxicity at high food concentrations. The 48-hr LC sub(50)s of technical endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, alpha -endosulfan, beta -endosulfan, and a 50:50 mixture of alpha , and beta endosulfan were 478, 756, 249, 205, and 234 mu g/liter, respectively. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Barry, MJ AU - Logan, D C AU - Ahokas, J T AU - Holdway, DA AD - Cent. for Applied and Nutr. Toxicol., Fac. Biomed. and Health Sci., RMIT-Univ., City Campus, GPO Box 2476V, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 273 EP - 279 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Daphnia carinata KW - Selenastrum capricornutum KW - bioassay KW - dose-response effects KW - endosulfan KW - esfenvalerate KW - organochlorine compounds KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - algae KW - Daphnia KW - mortality KW - pesticides KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15829137?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Effect+of+algal+food+concentration+on+toxicity+of+two+agricultural+pesticides+to+Daphnia+carinata&rft.au=Barry%2C+MJ%3BLogan%2C+D+C%3BAhokas%2C+J+T%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Barry&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mortality; toxicity tests; pesticides; algae; toxicity testing; organochlorine compounds; dose-response effects; endosulfan; water pollution effects; bioassay; Daphnia; Daphnia carinata; Selenastrum capricornutum; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Outpatient Clinics as a Health Indicator for Communities Around a Coal-Fired Power Plant AN - 14412482; 10512050 AB - Outpatient medical clinics located around a coal-fired power plant in Israel were monitored as indicators of possible adverse human health effects from the power plant. Eight clinics located near air pollution monitoring stations were screened for total visits and visits due to respiratory tract complaints. Multivariate stepwise regressions using sulfur dioxide, meteorological parameters, and flu epidemics as independent variables showed that respiratory complaints were almost always correlated with temperature, but less so with total visits. Most meteorological parameters, sulfur dioxide, and flu epidemics did not adequately explain the regressions. Ambient air pollution levels were within Israeli standards. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Goren, Ayana I AU - Hellmann, Sarah AU - Glaser, Eduard D Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1110 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POWER PLANTS, COAL FIRED KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - MONITORING, ENV KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - HEALTH FACILITIES KW - HEALTH, ENV KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14412482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+Outpatient+Clinics+as+a+Health+Indicator+for+Communities+Around+a+Coal-Fired+Power+Plant&rft.au=Goren%2C+Ayana+I%3BHellmann%2C+Sarah%3BGlaser%2C+Eduard+D&rft.aulast=Goren&rft.aufirst=Ayana&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t drawings N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POWER PLANTS, COAL FIRED; AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; HEALTH FACILITIES; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; MONITORING, ENV; HEALTH, ENV ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Livestock Legacy AN - 14412163; 10512047 AB - The waste generated by hog farms and other livestock operations is causing serious problems, particularly in North Carolina and Iowa, where most hog operations are concentrated. Recent spills of lagooned hog waste that caused severe contamination of rivers put the problem in the limelight. But chronic seepage from lagoons and runoff from fields where the lagoon liquids are sprayed, as well as odor problems from drifting spray, also are major problems. EPA has the authority to regulate livestock waste under the Clean Water Act, but generally leaves this to states. The response at the state level varies, from strong in Texas to weak standards and enforcement in North Carolina. The latter state has begun to pay more attention to the problem recently, and may develop new, more stringent regulations and zoning laws. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Meadows, Robin Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1096 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENV CONSTRAINTS, AGRICULTURE KW - ANIMAL WASTE DISPOSAL KW - LIVESTOCK KW - POLLUTION CONTROL KW - AGRICULTURAL WASTE DISPOSAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14412163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Livestock+Legacy&rft.au=Meadows%2C+Robin&rft.aulast=Meadows&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 8 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV CONSTRAINTS, AGRICULTURE; ANIMAL WASTE DISPOSAL; POLLUTION CONTROL; LIVESTOCK; AGRICULTURAL WASTE DISPOSAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What More of Us Means AN - 14412131; 10512046 AB - World population has quadrupled since the mid-1800s, and one billion people are added every 11 years. The impacts of this growing population on Earth's environment are debated. Pessimists say these numbers will trigger mass environmental destruction. Optimists believe that advances in technology and resource management will enable high populations to thrive. The issue has become increasingly subtle, as population and environment interactions become better understood. Examples of ecosystem losses, population growth outstripping natural water and forest regeneration rates, links between atmospheric pollutants and population sizes, and other population-related environmental problems are reviewed. The contributions of industrialization also are noted. In recent years, some outbreaks of war have been blamed on high population densities and limited natural resources. Some countries have instituted family planning or coerced family size controls to reduce their national fertility rates. Infringement of human rights by some forced policies has prompted more consideration of voluntary methods. Greater awareness of the links between population and environment would enhance acceptance of population controls. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Clay, Rebecca Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1092 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION GROWTH KW - OVERPOPULATION KW - ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14412131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=What+More+of+Us+Means&rft.au=Clay%2C+Rebecca&rft.aulast=Clay&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1092&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV IMPACT ASSESSMENT; OVERPOPULATION; POPULATION GROWTH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Residential Mobility on Individual Versus Population Risk of Radon-Related Lung Cancer AN - 14412025; 10512054 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Warner, Kenneth E AU - Courant, Paul N AU - Mendez, David Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1144 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - MIGRATION, HUMAN KW - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR KW - RADON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14412025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Residential+Mobility+on+Individual+Versus+Population+Risk+of+Radon-Related+Lung+Cancer&rft.au=Warner%2C+Kenneth+E%3BCourant%2C+Paul+N%3BMendez%2C+David&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; MIGRATION, HUMAN; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; RADON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides in Household Dust and Soil: Exposure Pathways for Children of Agricultural Families AN - 14412002; 10512052 AB - Potential associations between children of agricultural families and exposure to pesticides are explored. Household dust and soil samples were collected in children's play areas from farm and nonfarm residences in eastern Washington State. Most farm residences were near apple orchards, where four organophosphorus (OP) pesticides were commonly used. Pesticide concentrations in household dust were significantly higher than in soil for all groups. OP levels for farm residences ranged from nondetectable to 930 ng/g in soil and from nondetectable to 17,000 ng/g in dust. Residues were found less frequently in nonfarm homes, and all levels in those homes were below 1000 ng/g. Children of agricultural families have a higher potential for exposure to OP pesticides than do children of nonfarm families in this area. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Simcox, Nancy J AU - Fenske, Richard A AU - Wolz, Sarah A AU - Lee, I-Chwen AU - Kalman, David A Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1126 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENV CONSTRAINTS, AGRICULTURE KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - PESTICIDE RESIDUES KW - PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - DUST KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14412002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticides+in+Household+Dust+and+Soil%3A+Exposure+Pathways+for+Children+of+Agricultural+Families&rft.au=Simcox%2C+Nancy+J%3BFenske%2C+Richard+A%3BWolz%2C+Sarah+A%3BLee%2C+I-Chwen%3BKalman%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Simcox&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV CONSTRAINTS, AGRICULTURE; SOIL CONTAMINATION; PESTICIDE RESIDUES; PATHOLOGY, CHILDREN; DUST; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced Birthweight and Length in the Offspring of Females Exposed to PCDFs, PCP, and Lindane AN - 14411928; 10512051 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Karmaus, Wilfried AU - Wolf, Nicola Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1120 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PREGNANCY KW - PENTACHLOROPHENOL KW - LINDANE KW - POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN KW - HEALTH, ENV KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reduced+Birthweight+and+Length+in+the+Offspring+of+Females+Exposed+to+PCDFs%2C+PCP%2C+and+Lindane&rft.au=Karmaus%2C+Wilfried%3BWolf%2C+Nicola&rft.aulast=Karmaus&rft.aufirst=Wilfried&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; PREGNANCY; BIRTH DEFECTS, HUMAN; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; HEALTH, ENV; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS; LINDANE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contraband in the Stratosphere AN - 14411903; 10512048 AB - The phaseout of CFCs, culminating in the January 1996 deadline for ceasing production in industrialized nations, has set the stage for an illegal market in CFCs. The US excise tax levied to accelerate the switch to new equipment that can use alternative refrigerants has created a large profit margin for those selling contraband CFCs. The Customs Service, the EPA, and the Internal Revenue Service have authority over CFC distribution, and each has introduced measure to counter the black market. Cases prosecuted thus far suggest the contraband CFCs originate in England, India, Russia, and China. A joint industry-government estimate placed the volume of contraband CFCs at about 40 million lb/yr, a significant amount of which is contaminated. CFC replacements developed so far have their own environmental problems. Alternative refrigeration technologies are being developed as well, such as Stirling cycle units and thermoacoustic refrigeration, but these will not be available soon. In the meantime, the war against CFC smuggling continues. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Chase, Victor Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1102 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CHEMICAL USAGE KW - CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS KW - REFRIGERATION KW - CRIME KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Contraband+in+the+Stratosphere&rft.au=Chase%2C+Victor&rft.aulast=Chase&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CHEMICAL USAGE; CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS; CRIME; REFRIGERATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Absorbing Possibilities: Phytoremediation AN - 14411501; 10512049 AB - Phytoremediation is a growing area of research on the use of plants to clean up soil and water contaminated by heavy metals, organic compounds, explosives, and radioactive materials. These studies are spurred by the difficult task of decontaminating hazardous waste sites. Phytoremediation is potentially cheaper than conventional treatment, and could speed up waste cleanup programs. This technology may leave the topsoil in usable condition, reducing the amount of material to be landfilled or incinerated. Direct human health benefits are another potential advantage. Drawbacks include risks to wildlife that may eat the plants, engineering of cleanup areas to prevent flooding or erosion, and the lengthy time required for cleanup. Phytoremediation studies are focusing on finding the best plants and genetically engineering plants to improve their ability to take up contaminants. Research shows that some plants may be able to break down contaminants to less harmful products. Examples of phytoremediation research are given. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Black, Harvey Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1106 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PHYTOREMEDIATION KW - WASTE SITE REMEDIATION KW - BIOACCUMULATION, PLANT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14411501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Absorbing+Possibilities%3A+Phytoremediation&rft.au=Black%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PHYTOREMEDIATION; WASTE SITE REMEDIATION; BIOACCUMULATION, PLANT ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gestational and Lactational Exposure of Rats to Xenoestrogens Results in Reduced Testicular Size and Sperm Production AN - 14410786; 10512053 AB - The effects on testicular size and spermatogenesis in adult life from exposure of the male rat fetus/neonate to either of two environmental estrogenic chemicals were studied. Female rats were exposed to low doses of octylphenol or butyl benzyl during gestation, and male offspring were exposed during the first 21 days of postnatal life. These estrogens caused reduced testicular size and reduced daily sperm production in rats at adulthood, 70 days later. These responses may be due to a reduction in Sertoli cell numbers. Possible implications of these findings for explaining falling sperm counts in men exposed to environmental estrogens are discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sharpe, Richard M AU - Fisher, Jane S AU - Millar, Mike M AU - Jobling, Susan AU - Sumpter, John P Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - Dec 1995 SP - 1136 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - TESTIS KW - RATS KW - HORMONES KW - FERTILITY KW - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14410786?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Gestational+and+Lactational+Exposure+of+Rats+to+Xenoestrogens+Results+in+Reduced+Testicular+Size+and+Sperm+Production&rft.au=Sharpe%2C+Richard+M%3BFisher%2C+Jane+S%3BMillar%2C+Mike+M%3BJobling%2C+Susan%3BSumpter%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Sharpe&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1136&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FERTILITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; RATS; TESTIS; HORMONES ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study: 1992-93. Public Use Data File [CD ROM.] AN - 62677219; ED391456 AB - This CD-ROM presents data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Studies (NPSAS) conducted in 1992-93, 1989-90, and 1986-87. Students who began their postsecondary education in 1989-90 were also surveyed in 1992 as part of the Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study First Followup. The NPSAS is a comprehensive study that is examining how students and their families pay for postsecondary education. It includes nationally representative samples of undergraduates, graduates, and first-professional students, students attending less-than-two-year, two-year, four-year, and doctoral granting institutions. As a part of the 1993 NPSAS, information on more than 78,000 undergraduate and graduate students enrolled at any time during the 1992-93 school year was collected at about 1,100 postsecondary institutions. The sample represents students enrolled at any time between July 1, 1992--June 30, 1993. Major educational policy issues to be addressed by information collected during the study include: (1) how and why students continue their enrollment in postsecondary education; (2) how postsecondary education is financed; (3) what courses are taken and what grades and credits are earned; (4) fields of study pursued; (5) patterns of student transfers between colleges; (6) extent and timing of program completion; (7) attainment of degrees, licenses, or certificates; and (8) impact of postsecondary education on subsequent life experiences. An introductory file explains how to install the CD-ROM, limitations of the study, cautions about comparing data from the different years of the study, and additional information and restrictions on using and analyzing the data. A sampling of the variables included are: parents' contribution; parents' assets; parents' income; student's income; student's assets student's marital status; place of residence; grade point average; Social Security Benefits; medical and dental expenses; existing student loans; room and board; transportation; citizenship; degree expectations; expected date of degree; student attitude toward institution; student employment plans. FREQUENCY: Biennial. TYPE OF SURVEY: Longitudinal. POPULATION: College Students. SAMPLE: 70,000 students from 1100 postsecondary institutions. YEAR OF LATEST DATA: 1993. YEAR OF EARLIEST DATA: 1986. (DB) Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Student Characteristics KW - Grants KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Employment Potential KW - Proprietary Schools KW - Student Attitudes KW - Paying for College KW - Professional Education KW - College Students KW - Tables (Data) KW - Financial Aid Applicants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62677219?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+Postsecondary+Student+Aid+Study%3A+1992-93.+Public+Use+Data+File+%5BCD+ROM.%5D&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - SuppNotes - For a related document, see ED 384 292. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - NAEP 1994 U.S. History: A First Look. Findings from the National Assessment of Educational Progress. AN - 62671430; ED389666 AB - This report is a first look at the results of the 1994 NAEP U.S. History Assessment. It presents national findings of 4th-, 8th-, and 12-grade students' overall performance and summary data for the major demographic subpopulations in the United States. Results are reported on a 500-point scale, used to show comparisons and trends over time, and according to the achievement levels, which are in a developmental stage, established by the National Assessment Governing Board. About 60 percent of the assessment was devoted to performance exercises with the remainder to multiple-choice questions. Sample questions for grade level are provided. The preliminary results show: (1) the pattern of average scores by grade was typical of other subjects assessed by NAEP; (2) among the different regions of the United States, student scores varied by each grade level with high school seniors in the Southeast scoring a lower average than those in the Northeast and Central regions; (3) 17 percent of 4th graders, 14 percent of 8th graders, and 11 percent of 12th graders reached the proficient level which demonstrates competency in challenging subject matter; (4) 64 percent of 4th graders, 61 percent of 8th graders and 43 percent of 12th graders attained at least the basic level which demonstrates partial mastery of challenging subject matter; (5) across the three grades, 1 to 2 percent reached the advanced level showing superior performance; (6) U.S. history scores at all grade levels were higher for students whose parents had more education; (7) at grade 12, males scored higher than females in U.S. history with no differences between males and females in average scores evident at grades 4 and 8; (8) at grades 4, 8, and 12, White and Asian students had significantly higher U.S. history scores than did Black and Hispanic students; and (9) 4th-, 8th-, and 12th-grade students attending non-public schools displayed higher U.S. history scores than their counterparts attending public schools. Tables, figures, and graphs accompany the text. (EH) AU - Williams, Paul L. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 64 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-806 KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Grade 12 KW - National Norms KW - Test Norms KW - Comparative Testing KW - Social Studies KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Grade 8 KW - Public Schools KW - Grade 4 KW - History Instruction KW - Student Evaluation KW - Educational Assessment KW - United States History KW - Private Schools KW - Test Results UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62671430?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Methodology Report for the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, 1992-93. Technical Report. AN - 62669642; ED392849 AB - The National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS) is a comprehensive nationwide study conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics to determine how students and their families pay for postsecondary education and to describe some demographic and other characteristics of those enrolled. The study is based on a nationally representative sample of students in postsecondary education, including undergraduate, graduate, and first-professional students at public and private institutions, whether less-than-two-year, two-year, or four-year. Data were available on about 82,000 students, and parents of 18,000 students were selected for a telephone interview. This discussion of survey methodology focuses on: (1) study objectives and design; (2) institution sampling and enlistment; (3) student and parent sampling; (4) institutional records data collection; (5) student and parent surveys; (6) file creation and data analysis; (7) weights and variance estimation; (8) the 1993 NPSAS field test; and (9) a summary and recommendations for survey improvement. Six appendixes provide further details about methodology, including a formulation of the generalized rating model. (Contains 17 figures and 56 tables.) (SLD) AU - Loft, John D. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 303 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-211 KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Research Methodology KW - Student Characteristics KW - Educational Finance KW - National Surveys KW - Field Tests KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Demography KW - Public Schools KW - Paying for College KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - Interviews KW - Parents KW - Data Analysis KW - Tables (Data) KW - Private Schools KW - Student Surveys KW - Student Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62669642?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Federal Support for Education. Fiscal Years 1980 to 1995. AN - 62665229; ED392853 AB - This report attempts to provide a comprehensive picture of total federal financial support for education since fiscal year 1980. To the extent possible, outlays, or actual dollars spent, were used rather than obligations (spending commitments), with the exception of funds for academic research at institutions of higher education. Federal education funding is grouped into three categories: (1) on-budget support; (2) off-budget support; and (3) nonfederal funds generated by federal programs. Federal support for education, excluding estimated federal tax expenditures, was an estimated $100.1 billion in fiscal year (FY) 1995, an increase of $37.3 billion (in current dollars), or 59%, since FY 90. After adjustment for inflation, federal support for education increased 36.5% between FY 90 and FY 95. On-budget funds for 1995 were estimated to be $73.8 billion (in constant dollars). Off-budget funds and nonfederal funds generated by federal legislation were estimated at $26.2 billion, a rise of 135% in current dollars between FY 90 and FY 95. Between FY 80 and FY 95 federal on-budget funds for elementary and secondary education increased 18%, and postsecondary funds declined 14%. Other education funds increased 75%, and funds for research at institutions of higher education increased 48%. Six appendixes present detailed tables. (Contains 3 figures, 18 text tables, and 6 appendix tables.) (SLD) AU - Hoffman, Charlene M. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 51 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160484375 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - School Support KW - Government Role KW - Research Projects KW - Educational Finance KW - Resource Allocation KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - School Funds KW - Higher Education KW - Federal Government KW - Expenditures KW - Costs KW - Budgets KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62665229?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For report for fiscal years 1980 to 1994, see ED 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Student Financing of Graduate and First-Professional Education, 1992-93 with an Essay on Student Borrowing. National Postsecondary Student Aid Study: 1992-93. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62660157; ED389241 AB - This study uses data from the 1992-93 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study to describe the financing of graduate and first-professional education. It begins with an essay on student borrowing that briefly profiles graduate and first-professional students and then examines the role of borrowing in financing graduate and first-professional education. The essay concludes that there are notable differences among degree programs and attendance patterns in the proportion of students who borrow and in the average amounts borrowed which reflect the length of programs, tuition and fees, and the varying amounts of grants and other aid received. Master's degree students were the least dependent on loans: about 10 percent of these borrowed in 1992-93. Forty percent of doctoral students had borrowed for an average cumulative debt of $19,300. First professional students, who pay the highest tuition, on average, and who are primarily full time, full year (77 percent), were the most dependent on loans. Of these 65 percent had borrowed an average of $38,900 by the time they graduated. The compendium of tables that follows the essay provides detailed data on student characteristics, types of financial aid awarded, sources of aid, and financing through family support and work. Each section of the compendium is prefaced by highlights summarizing the major findings related to the section's topic. Appendixes contain a glossary and technical notes and methodology information. (JB) AU - Choy, Susan P. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 138 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160484278 KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Graduate Students KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Federal Aid KW - Scholarships KW - Masters Degrees KW - Family Financial Resources KW - Student Characteristics KW - Grants KW - Higher Education KW - Work Study Programs KW - National Surveys KW - Tuition KW - State Aid KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Fees KW - Demography KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Professional Education KW - Doctoral Degrees KW - Student Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62660157?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - "This study has been conducted three times: 1986-8 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Basic Student Charges at Postsecondary Institutions: Academic Year 1994-95. Tuition and Required Fees and Room and Board Charges at 4-Year, 2-Year, and Public Less-Than-2-Year Institutions. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62655986; ED389239 AB - This document lists the typical tuition and required fees and room and board charges assessed to college students in 1994-95 based on a national "Institutional Characteristics" survey which is part of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System. The data were collected from over 5,000 of the 5,775 4-year, 2-year, and public less-then-2-year postsecondary institutions in the United States and its outlying areas. Included are tuition and fee charges to in-state and out-of-state students at the undergraduate and graduate levels, along with the costs for room and board, and the number of meals per week covered by the board charge. These charges are not weighted by enrollment. Included are several tables with national statistics on tuition and required fees at postsecondary institutions for academic year 1994-95 followed by tables showing charges at individual institutions and tuition and required fees for first-professional programs. A summary of the publication's statistics notes that the median charge at public 4-year institutions for tuition and fees was $2,445 for undergraduate, in-state students; that at public 2-year institutions tuition and required fees averaged $1,461 for in-state students; and that undergraduate tuition and fees at private, non-profit 4-year institutions averaged $8,967 for in-state undergraduate students. (JB) AU - Barbett, Samuel F. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 168 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016048409X KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Postsecondary Education KW - In State Students KW - Graduate Students KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Tuition KW - Fees KW - College Students KW - Out of State Students KW - Tables (Data) KW - Student Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62655986?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1993-94 report, see ED 380 000. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Vocational Education in the United States: The Early 1990s. AN - 62654609; ED388841 AB - This publication provides educators, policymakers, and researchers with vocational education data through 1992. It begins with text and figures covering these key questions: what is vocational education? how widespread is vocational education participation? what types of vocational education do students take? to what extent do students with different demographic characteristics and disadvantaged or disabled students participate? how much academic preparation do vocational coursetakers receive? what outcomes are associated with participation? and what are other school-to-work programs schools and institutions offer? Appendix A presents extensive tables supporting the findings. The tables provide trend information on the decade spanning 1982-92 and information on public high school graduates and teachers and on nonbaccalaureate students in a variety of postsecondary institutions. The report also covers a number of key issues emphasized in the 1990 Perkins Act and echoed in the School-to-Work Opportunities Act: integration of academic and vocational education, access of special populations to high quality programs, and access of individuals to programs nontraditional for their sex. Information is also provided on most of the targeted populations identified in section 421 of the 1990 Perkins Act. Other appendixes contain a description of how variables were constructed to provide information on targeted populations, glossary, and 30-item bibliography. (YLB) AU - Levesque, Karen Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 489 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160484294 KW - Carl D Perkins Voc and Appl Techn Educ Act 1990 KW - School to Work Opportunities Act 1994 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Academic Education KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Educational Legislation KW - Integrated Curriculum KW - Educational Trends KW - Secondary Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Disabilities KW - Disadvantaged KW - Nontraditional Occupations KW - Vocational Education KW - Trend Analysis KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62654609?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For an earlier report covering the time period 196 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Cuba: handbook of trade statistics, 1995 T2 - ALA 95-10001 PB96927901/LC AN - 59699239; 1996-0108130 AB - 1989-94. JF - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540, November 1995. vii+114 pp. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 EP - vii+114 PB - National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540 KW - Export-import trade -- Cuba -- Statistics KW - Cuba -- Commerce -- Statistics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59699239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii%2B114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Cuba%3A+handbook+of+trade+statistics%2C+1995&rft.title=Cuba%3A+handbook+of+trade+statistics%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540; Nat Tech Info Service spiral bdg $27 N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hillslope drainage and a catchment scale subsurface stormflow model AN - 52116462; 2002-038474 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Paniconi, C AU - Troch, P A AU - Pauwels, V AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 268 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - hydrology KW - Western Europe KW - stream transport KW - slopes KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - equations KW - debris flows KW - aquifers KW - models KW - kinematics KW - Belgium KW - runoff KW - mass movements KW - drainage basins KW - hydrodynamics KW - storms KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - rain KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52116462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hillslope+drainage+and+a+catchment+scale+subsurface+stormflow+model&rft.au=Paniconi%2C+C%3BTroch%2C+P+A%3BPauwels%2C+V%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Paniconi&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Belgium; debris flows; drainage basins; equations; Europe; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; hydrology; kinematics; mass movements; models; rain; runoff; slopes; storms; stream transport; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial infection as a cause of cancer. AN - 21268755; 11703625 AB - Bacterial infections traditionally have not been considered major causes of cancer. Recently, however, bacteria have been linked to cancer by two mechanisms: induction of chronic inflammation and production of carcinogenic bacterial metabolites. The most specific example of the inflammatory mechanism of carcinogenesis is Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori has been epidemiologically linked to adenocarcinoma of the distal stomach by its propensity to cause lifelong inflammation. This inflammation is in turn thought to cause cancer by inducing cell proliferation and production of mutagenic free radicals and N-nitroso compounds. H. pylori is the first bacterium to be termed a definite cause of cancer in humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Mutagenic bacterial metabolites are also suspected to increase risk for cancer. This model is best exemplified in colon cancer. Bile salt metabolites increase colonic cell proliferation. Exogenous compounds such as rutin may be metabolized into mutagens by resident colonic flora. Moreover, Bacteroides species can produce fecapentaenes, potent in vitro mutagens, in relatively high concentrations. In vivo data on human carcinogenesis by bacterial metabolites, however, are inconsistent. Local bacterial infections may also predispose to nonnodal lymphomas, although the mechanisms for this are unknown. Gastric lymphomas and immunoproliferative small intestinal disease have been most strongly linked to underlying bacterial infection. Because bacterial infections can be cured with antibiotics, identification of bacterial causes of malignancy could have important implications for cancer prevention. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Parsonnet, J AD - Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA, ml.jxp@forsythe.stanfor Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 263 EP - 268 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - Mutagens KW - rutin KW - Antibiotics KW - Metabolites KW - Malignancy KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Bile salts KW - infection KW - Lymphoma KW - Bacteria KW - Data processing KW - flora KW - Bacteroides KW - Free radicals KW - Colon cancer KW - Cancer KW - Inflammation KW - N-Nitroso compounds KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Intestine KW - Adenocarcinoma KW - Cell proliferation KW - lymphoma KW - Stomach KW - J 02410:Animal Diseases KW - A 01340:Antibiotics & Antimicrobials KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21268755?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bacterial+infection+as+a+cause+of+cancer.&rft.au=Parsonnet%2C+J&rft.aulast=Parsonnet&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mutagens; Data processing; Free radicals; Metabolites; Antibiotics; rutin; Colon cancer; Inflammation; Malignancy; N-Nitroso compounds; Bile salts; Carcinogenesis; Intestine; Cell proliferation; Adenocarcinoma; Lymphoma; Stomach; flora; Carcinogenicity; infection; lymphoma; Cancer; Helicobacter pylori; Bacteria; Bacteroides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ionizing radiation and cancer prevention. AN - 21263135; 11701722 AB - Ionizing radiation long has been recognized as a cause of cancer. Among environmental cancer risks, radiation is unique in the variety of organs and tissues that it can affect. Numerous epidemiological studies with good dosimetry provide the basis for cancer risk estimation, including quantitative information derived from observed dose-response relationships. The amount of cancer attributable to ionizing radiation is difficult to estimate, but numbers such as 1 to 3% have been suggested. Some radiation-induced cancers attributable to naturally occurring exposures, such as cosmic and terrestrial radiation, are not preventable. The major natural radiation exposure, radon, can often be reduced, especially in the home, but not entirely eliminated. Medical use of radiation constitutes the other main category of exposure; because of the importance of its benefits to one's health, the appropriate prevention strategy is to simply work to minimize exposures. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hoel, D G AD - Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA., HOELD@MUSC.EDU Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 241 EP - 243 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Dose-response effects KW - Cosmic radiation KW - Dosimetry KW - prevention KW - terrestrial radiation KW - Organs KW - Cancer KW - Radon KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ionizing+radiation+and+cancer+prevention.&rft.au=Hoel%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Hoel&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dose-response effects; Ionizing radiation; Dosimetry; Cosmic radiation; prevention; Organs; terrestrial radiation; Radon; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Molecular epidemiology and prevention of cancer. AN - 21263116; 11701717 AB - Preventable environmental causes of cancer, including tobacco smoke and other carcinogens in the diet, workplace, and ambient environment are responsible for the vast majority of human cancers. This paper reviews recent molecular epidemiologic studies that have focused on environmental carcinogenesis and environment-host interactions. Biomarkers such as carcinogen-DNA and carcinogen-protein adducts, mutations in reporter or target genes (e.g., HPRT, GPA, ras, p53), or genetic or acquired susceptibility factors (e.g., polymorphisms in the P450 or glutathione-S-transferase genes and serum levels of antioxidants) have shown significant potential in prevention. They should be useful in early identification of at risk individuals and in designing and monitoring interventions (smoking cessation, exposure reduction, and chemoprevention). JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Perera, F P AD - Columbia University, School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA., fpp1@columbia.edu Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 233 EP - 236 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Bioindicators KW - Antioxidants KW - Carcinogens KW - chemotherapy KW - Cancer KW - Smoke KW - Smoking KW - Epidemiology KW - intervention KW - Reviews KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Tobacco KW - prevention KW - Mutation KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Molecular+epidemiology+and+prevention+of+cancer.&rft.au=Perera%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Perera&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Diets; Antioxidants; Carcinogens; Cancer; chemotherapy; Smoke; Smoking; Epidemiology; Reviews; intervention; Carcinogenesis; prevention; Tobacco; Mutation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using biomarkers of genetic susceptibility to enhance the study of cancer etiology. AN - 21260003; 11701718 AB - There has been increasing interest in the interaction of genetic susceptibility and xenobiotic exposures in cancer etiology. Study of gene-environment interactions may increase our ability to characterize relatively low population risks if a substantial proportion of the population cancer burden is attributed to high risk among a smaller group of genetically susceptible members. Further, these studies may provide insight into the mechanism of carcinogenesis, which can help establish the biologic plausibility of an exposure-cancer relationship. Biologic processes important in tumorigenesis that exhibit substantial interindividual differences may function as susceptibility factors. Potential examples include polymorphic enzymes, which activate and detoxify procarcinogens and carcinogens (e.g., certain P450 enzymes, N-acetyltransferase [NAT2], glutathione S-transferase M1), and variation in the capacity to repair DNA. Biologic assays are now available to evaluate many of these functions at the DNA and phenotype level and can be readily incorporated into studies of cancer etiology. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rothman, N AU - Hayes, R B AD - Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., rothmann@epndce.nci.nih.gov Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 291 EP - 295 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Etiology KW - Tumorigenesis KW - N-Acetyltransferase 2 KW - Enzymes KW - Xenobiotics KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA repair KW - Glutathione transferase KW - biomarkers KW - Cancer KW - Risk factors KW - Carcinogenesis KW - DNA KW - N-Acetyltransferase KW - G 07710:Chemical Mutagenesis & Radiation KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Using+biomarkers+of+genetic+susceptibility+to+enhance+the+study+of+cancer+etiology.&rft.au=Rothman%2C+N%3BHayes%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Rothman&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; N-Acetyltransferase 2; Tumorigenesis; Enzymes; Carcinogens; Glutathione transferase; DNA repair; biomarkers; Cancer; Risk factors; Carcinogenesis; DNA; N-Acetyltransferase; Bioindicators; Xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer among special populations: women, ethnic minorities, and the poor. AN - 21259015; 11703622 AB - The study of cancer among women, ethnic minorities, and the poor can yield useful information about etiology and lead to effective recommendations for prevention. Opportunities exist for affecting cancer rates among women by studying and altering hormonal exposures and, possibly, alcohol consumption. The study of diet among ethnic groups may be more informative than among populations with homogeneous diets. The gender and racial differences among lung cancer patients related to tobacco need further research. Innovative multidisciplinary research is needed to reduce the ethnic, gender, and institutional barriers to ensure success in the fight against cancer. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Haynes, A AD - Ranchos Palos Verdes, California, USA, mah@kaiwon Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 319 EP - 320 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Alcohol KW - Gender KW - Tobacco KW - innovations KW - Females KW - Cancer KW - Ethnic groups KW - Lung cancer KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259015?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cancer+among+special+populations%3A+women%2C+ethnic+minorities%2C+and+the+poor.&rft.au=Haynes%2C+A&rft.aulast=Haynes&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; Alcohol; Gender; Tobacco; Females; innovations; Ethnic groups; Cancer; Lung cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of information dissemination in the prevention of occupational cancer. AN - 21257405; 11703621 AB - It is assumed that prevention of occupational cancer depends upon dissemination of research findings, resulting in changes in work processes and reduction of occupational exposures to carcinogens. Examples of successes and failures of information dissemination are found in the results of research on silicosis. Better assessment of the effectiveness of information dissemination is needed, along with greater understanding of the barriers to implementation of the information by workers and management and improved hazard surveillance. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fine, L J AD - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 217 EP - 218 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Silicosis KW - prevention KW - Carcinogens KW - Cancer KW - Occupational exposure KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21257405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+information+dissemination+in+the+prevention+of+occupational+cancer.&rft.au=Fine%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Silicosis; prevention; Carcinogens; Occupational exposure; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Targeting Hispanic populations: future research and prevention strategies. AN - 21251443; 11703619 AB - Minority populations face a wide variety of economic, institutional, and cultural barriers to health care. These barriers and low levels of education and income pose significant challenges for health professionals in developing cancer research and prevention-control strategies. It is suggested that specific segments of Hispanic populations fit the model of an underdeveloped country in the intermediate stage of epidemiological transition. Since noncommunicable diseases have not yet fully emerged in some of these Hispanic population segments, the opportunity exists to apply primordial prevention strategies. Such campaigns would focus on dissuading members of these populations from adopting negative health behaviors while promoting positive lifestyle choices. Optimal programs would increase cancer screening participation and discourage risk behaviors through community-oriented, population-based interventions. Future directions in prevention and control efforts for minority populations should include expanded health insurance coverage, improved access to health care, greater emphasis on minority recruitment in health care fields, focused epidemiologic and clinical research, and identification and replication of effective components within existing prevention-control programs. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ramirez, A G AU - McAlister, A AU - Gallion, K J AU - Villarreal, R AD - South Texas Health Research Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA., amelie-ramirez@sthrc.uthscsa.edu Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 287 EP - 290 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - clinical trials KW - Insurance KW - Cancer KW - Education KW - Health care KW - income KW - intervention KW - Economics KW - prevention KW - recruitment KW - Ethnic groups KW - culture KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 04:Environmental Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Targeting+Hispanic+populations%3A+future+research+and+prevention+strategies.&rft.au=Ramirez%2C+A+G%3BMcAlister%2C+A%3BGallion%2C+K+J%3BVillarreal%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ramirez&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Education; Health care; intervention; income; Economics; prevention; recruitment; clinical trials; Insurance; culture; Ethnic groups; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Viruses and human cancers: challenges for preventive strategies. AN - 21251409; 11703626 AB - Virus-associated human cancers provide unique opportunities for preventive strategies. The role of human papilloma viruses (HPV 16 and 18), hepatitis B virus (HBV), Epstein-Barr herpes virus (EBV), and retroviruses (human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] and human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus [HTLV]) in the development of common carcinomas and lymphomas represents a major cancer threat, particularly among individuals residing in developing countries, which account for 80% of the world's population. Even though these viruses are not the sole etiological agents of these cancers (as would be the case for infectious diseases), different approaches can be implemented to significantly decrease the incidence of virus-associated malignancies. The first approach is vaccination, which is available for HBV and possibly soon for EBV. The long delay between primary viral infection and development of associated tumors as well as the cost involved with administering vaccinations detracts from the feasibility of such an approach within developing countries. The second approach is to increase efforts to detect pre-cancerous lesions or early tumors using immunovirological means. This would allow early diagnosis and better treatment. The third strategy is linked to the existence of disease susceptibility genes, and suggests that counseling be provided for individuals carrying these genes to encourage them to modify their lifestyles and other conditions associated with increased cancer risks (predictive oncology). Specific recommendations include: a) increase international studies that explore the causes of the large variations in prevalence of common cancers throughout the world; b) conduct interdisciplinary studies involving laboratory investigation and social sciences, which may suggest hypotheses that may then be tested experimentally; and c) promote more preventive and health enhancement strategies in addition to curative and replacement therapies. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - de The, G AD - Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and Institut Pasteur, Unit of Epidemiology of Oncogenic Viruses, Paris, France., dethe@pasteur.fr Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 269 EP - 273 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Human T-lymphotropic virus KW - Feasibility studies KW - Herpesvirus KW - Viruses KW - tumors KW - Oncology KW - hepatitis B KW - Infection KW - Herpes simplex KW - Leukemia KW - world population KW - Epstein-Barr virus KW - Malignancy KW - Retrovirus KW - Infectious diseases KW - infection KW - Lymphocytes T KW - Lesions KW - Papilloma KW - Lymphoma KW - Hepatitis B virus KW - Laboratory testing KW - Tumors KW - Vaccination KW - Cancer KW - Carcinoma KW - Human immunodeficiency virus KW - social sciences KW - lymphoma KW - Developing countries KW - Human papillomavirus KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - V 22360:AIDS and HIV KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Viruses+and+human+cancers%3A+challenges+for+preventive+strategies.&rft.au=de+The%2C+G&rft.aulast=de+The&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Malignancy; Infectious diseases; Lymphocytes T; Oncology; Tumors; Infection; Papilloma; Herpes simplex; Developing countries; Vaccination; Lymphoma; Carcinoma; Feasibility studies; Laboratory testing; Viruses; tumors; hepatitis B; Cancer; world population; Leukemia; Human immunodeficiency virus; infection; Lesions; social sciences; lymphoma; Human T-lymphotropic virus; Epstein-Barr virus; Retrovirus; Hepatitis B virus; Herpesvirus; Human papillomavirus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research and prevention priorities for alcohol carcinogenesis. AN - 21249876; 11703623 AB - Research conducted during the last four decades has established that consumption of alcoholic beverages causes cancer. Etiologic research questions that remain relate to increases in risk at specific sites, the effects of various types of alcoholic beverages, the effect of various concentrations of alcohol, and the mechanism(s) of action, including possible interactions with other agents such as tobacco smoke. Prevention priorities for alcohol-related cancer depend on whether alcohol causes only the upper aerodigestive cancers or whether it also causes breast and possibly colon cancers. If alcohol causes aerodigestive cancers only, existing prevention programs to prevent alcohol abuse by heavy drinkers are sufficient. The possible small cancer risk faced by moderate drinkers may be more than offset by a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular death. On the other hand, if alcohol consumption increases the occurrence of breast cancer, a prevention program aimed at women who are at high risk for breast cancer is worth considering, but the risks must be weighed against the cardiovascular benefits for moderate drinkers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rothman, K J AD - Epidemiology, Newton Lower Falls, Massachusetts, USA., KRothman@aol.com Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 161 EP - 163 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Alcohol KW - Mortality KW - Carcinogenesis KW - prevention KW - Tobacco KW - Breast cancer KW - Cancer KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249876?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Research+and+prevention+priorities+for+alcohol+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Rothman%2C+K+J&rft.aulast=Rothman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+8&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Mortality; Alcohol; Carcinogenesis; Tobacco; prevention; Breast cancer; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zooplankton distribution in Raby Bay, south-east Queensland, Australia AN - 16222570; 4223190 AB - Zooplankton distribution in a sub-tropical marine embayment, Raby Bay, south-east Queensland, Australia, its fringing mangroves and canal estate, was examined to determine whether high density aggregations of some zooplankters occurred within the canal system. High densities of Acartia tranteri were found in the innermost canals, and higher densities of cirripede nauplii were present in all canals compared with the bay area. It is suggested that these aggregations could be, localised, relatively rich foraging patches for zooplanktivorous larval and juvenile fish. In other respects zooplankton assemblages were similar, throughout all sites on each sampling occasion, indicating that tidal movements distribute most species to create a relatively homogenous assemblage of zooplankton in Raby Bay. Overall, the most abundant taxa were Acartia tranteri, Paracalanus crassirostris, Oithona spp., cirripede nauplii and gastropod veligers. JF - Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland AU - King, C R AU - Williamson, I AD - Sch. Life Sci., Queensland Univ. Technol., GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Q 4001, Australia Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 23 EP - 32 VL - 105 IS - pt. 2 SN - 0080-469X, 0080-469X KW - biomass KW - community composition KW - Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Copepods KW - Zooplankton KW - Population density KW - Biomass KW - Ecosystem disturbance KW - ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Cleveland, Raby Bay KW - Ecological aggregations KW - Plankton feeders KW - Copepoda KW - Distribution KW - Nauplii KW - Q1 08461:Plankton KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16222570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Queensland&rft.atitle=Zooplankton+distribution+in+Raby+Bay%2C+south-east+Queensland%2C+Australia&rft.au=King%2C+C+R%3BWilliamson%2C+I&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=pt.+2&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Queensland&rft.issn=0080469X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecological aggregations; Plankton feeders; Distribution; Zooplankton; Population density; Biomass; Nauplii; Ecosystem disturbance; Copepods; Copepoda; ISEW, Australia, Queensland, Cleveland, Raby Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Levels of contaminants in effluent, sediment, and biota from Bai Bang, a bleached kraft pulp and paper mill in Vietnam AN - 15911801; 4039378 AB - Chemical analyses of organochlorine compounds in effluents, sediment, and biota samples were done for the Bai Bang Paper Company (BAPACO), a bleached kraft pulp and paper mill in Vietnam. High chlorine consumption in the bleaching process resulted in a high specific discharge of adsorbable organic halogens (AOX), 4.7 kg/ton of air dried pulp (ADP), and polychlorinated phenolic compounds (31 g/ton ADP) in the effluent. The extractable organochlorine content in the accumulated fiber sludge of the sedimentation tank (70-100 mu g/g) was more than 100 times higher than the sediment from the receiving river. Chlorinated compounds including dioxins were detected at low levels in sediment and rice, crab, mollusc and fish samples. Significant amounts of the chlorinated persistent compounds are probably transported by the Red River to the river mouth and coastal area. Heavy metal content was high in sediment and mollusc samples from the receiving rice field and fish pond. There may be a possible risk for human intoxication of the metals through the aquatic food chain via the mollusc but not via the rice. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Oanh, NTK AU - Bengtsson, B-E AU - Reutergaardh, L AU - Bergqvist, P-A AU - Hynning, P-Aa AU - Remberger, M AD - Environ. Eng., Sch. Environ., Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 506 EP - 516 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - bleaching wastes KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental impact KW - heavy metals KW - human food KW - paper industry wastes KW - paper mills KW - phenols KW - pollution effects KW - pulp and paper industry KW - pulp mills KW - pulp wastes KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - industrial wastes KW - food chains KW - rivers KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Vietnam KW - chemical analysis KW - effluents KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15911801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Levels+of+contaminants+in+effluent%2C+sediment%2C+and+biota+from+Bai+Bang%2C+a+bleached+kraft+pulp+and+paper+mill+in+Vietnam&rft.au=Oanh%2C+NTK%3BBengtsson%2C+B-E%3BReutergaardh%2C+L%3BBergqvist%2C+P-A%3BHynning%2C+P-Aa%3BRemberger%2C+M&rft.aulast=Oanh&rft.aufirst=NTK&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=506&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; chemical analysis; pulp wastes; food chains; effluents; environmental impact; rivers; bioaccumulation; industrial wastes; phenols; ecosystem disturbance; human food; pollution effects; heavy metals; pulp mills; paper mills; paper industry wastes; pulp and paper industry; bleaching wastes; Vietnam; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for Bias in Epidemiologic Studies That Rely on Glass-Based Retrospective Assessment of Radon AN - 14406924; 10511124 AB - Epidemiologic case control studies of radon exposure usually involve placing a device for measuring radon levels in the home of the subject for a long period of time, usually one year. Another method for determining radon doses is being developed, and measures the radon daughters that have become embedded in household glass. However, plateout of radon daughters is impeded by the presence of smoke. Therefore, historical radon exposure could be underestimated in homes with a smoky environment, thereby confounding results, because subjects with a history of smoke exposure should have higher exposure to radon daughters than those without such exposure. The measuring devices, however, would not reflect the high exposure, since the smoke would impede radon daughter plateout. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weinberg, C R Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 1042 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - CIGARETTE SMOKE KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - RADON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14406924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Potential+for+Bias+in+Epidemiologic+Studies+That+Rely+on+Glass-Based+Retrospective+Assessment+of+Radon&rft.au=Weinberg%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1042&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; CANCER RISK; MONITORING, AIR; PUBLIC HEALTH; CIGARETTE SMOKE; RADON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Urban Lead Exposure and Blood Lead Levels in Children of Mexico City AN - 14406530; 10511123 AB - Two hundred children below the age of five living in two areas of Mexico city were tested for blood lead levels. In addition, sampling of environmental lead exposure was conducted, including measurement of levels in glazed ceramics; dust on floors, windows, and in the street; paint; water; and hand dirt on the children. Mean blood lead levels were 9.9 mu g/dl. Among children older than 18 months, 44% had blood lead levels above 10 mu g/dl. The environmental samples contained low levels of lead, except for glazed ceramics. This parameter was a major predictor of blood lead levels in subjects. Other predictors were exposure to lead from emissions from vehicles, and hand dirt lead levels. Reductions of lead in gasoline, and use of ceramics without lead would reduce lead exposure in the children of Mexico City. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Romieu, Isabelle AU - Carreon, Tania AU - Lopez, Lizbeth AU - Palazuelos, Eduardo AU - Rios, Camilo AU - Manuel, Yves AU - Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 1036 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - BIOLOGY, CHILDREN KW - BLOOD LEAD LEVEL KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS KW - LEAD POISONING KW - MEXICO KW - DUST KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14406530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Urban+Lead+Exposure+and+Blood+Lead+Levels+in+Children+of+Mexico+City&rft.au=Romieu%2C+Isabelle%3BCarreon%2C+Tania%3BLopez%2C+Lizbeth%3BPalazuelos%2C+Eduardo%3BRios%2C+Camilo%3BManuel%2C+Yves%3BHernandez-Avila%2C+Mauricio&rft.aulast=Romieu&rft.aufirst=Isabelle&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1036&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LEAD POISONING; POPULATION SAMPLING; MEXICO; BIOLOGY, CHILDREN; PUBLIC HEALTH; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; AUTOMOBILE EMISSIONS; DUST ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rethinking Recycling AN - 14404043; 10511120 AB - Although recycling is increasing in popularity in the US, the analysis of its benefits raises some questions. For example, the costs of recycling in terms of money and expended energy may outweigh the benefits. However, it is generally agreed that recycling does prolong landfill life. The market for recyclables is quite variable, and although prices for recycled materials are up, the long-term outlook is for price declines. Quantification of environmental benefits from recycling are difficult to assess. Although paper recycling has been endorsed as a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, there is some controversy. The trees used to make paper are a renewable resource, but the fossil fuels expended to recycle paper are not and these fuels add to greenhouse gases. Burning of used paper for fuel may be one solution to the problem. Glass making using recycled glass presents a similar problem, since the new more efficient furnaces use less fossil fuels, but cannot handle as much recycled glass as the older furnaces that used more fossil fuels. Manufacturing with recycled material may also use more energy than using virgin raw material. The energy cost of shipping recyclable material to the manufacturing site must also be considered. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Black, Harvey Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 1006 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS KW - RECYCLED PAPER KW - FOSSIL FUELS KW - RECYCLED GLASS KW - RECYCLING KW - ENERGY USAGE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14404043?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Rethinking+Recycling&rft.au=Black%2C+Harvey&rft.aulast=Black&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1006&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t drawings N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FOSSIL FUELS; RECYCLED PAPER; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; RECYCLED GLASS; RECYCLING; ENERGY USAGE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sidestream Tobacco Smoke Exposure Acutely Alters Human Nasal Mucociliary Clearance AN - 14400793; 10511122 AB - Function of the nasal mucosa can be monitored by measuring nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC). This function is abnormal in smokers, but the effect of exposure to sidestream tobacco smoke on NMC in nonsmokers has not been studied. Twelve volunteers were exposed one time each to air or sidestream smoke for one hour on two occasions that were at least one week apart. One hour after exposure ended, NMC was measured. Half the subjects had increased NMC after exposure to sidestream smoke. Clearance was elevated in three of the twelve subjects after exposure to air or sidestream smoke. NMC decreases were noted in three subjects with a history of rhinitis caused by exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Two subjects retained most of the radioactive tracer one hour after administration, which was two hours after exposure to sidestream smoke. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bascom, Rebecca AU - Kesavanathan, Jana AU - Fitzgerald, Thomas K AU - Cheng, Kuo-Hsi AU - Swift, David L Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 1026 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - CIGARETTE SMOKE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14400793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Sidestream+Tobacco+Smoke+Exposure+Acutely+Alters+Human+Nasal+Mucociliary+Clearance&rft.au=Bascom%2C+Rebecca%3BKesavanathan%2C+Jana%3BFitzgerald%2C+Thomas+K%3BCheng%2C+Kuo-Hsi%3BSwift%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Bascom&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1026&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; CIGARETTE SMOKE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Risk of Childhood Cancer from Intrauterine and Preconceptional Exposure to Ionizing Radiation AN - 14400747; 10511121 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wakeford, Richard Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 1018 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES KW - RADIATION, ATOMIC, HIGH LEVEL KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - RADIATION, ATOMIC, LOW LEVEL KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14400747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Risk+of+Childhood+Cancer+from+Intrauterine+and+Preconceptional+Exposure+to+Ionizing+Radiation&rft.au=Wakeford%2C+Richard&rft.aulast=Wakeford&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1018&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; RADIATION, ATOMIC, DOSES; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; RADIATION, ATOMIC, HIGH LEVEL; RADIATION, ATOMIC, LOW LEVEL; LITERATURE SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Cancer Conundrum AN - 14396411; 10511119 AB - In a few years cancer will be the leading cause of death in the US despite mandated efforts through the provisions of the National Cancer Act of 1971. Even when population aging and smoking habits are considered, the number of cancer cases continues to increase, although diagnostic improvements may be contributing to the figures. A review of the evidence for accepting some substances as human carcinogens is presented. These include exposure to pesticides; metals, including arsenic and cadmium; environmental tobacco smoke; radiation, including ionizing, UV, and electromagnetic; and air pollutants. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cahow, Kate Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 998 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - AIR POLLUTANTS KW - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - CIGARETTE SMOKE KW - RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC KW - HEAVY METALS KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14396411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Cancer+Conundrum&rft.au=Cahow%2C+Kate&rft.aulast=Cahow&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=998&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; AIR POLLUTANTS; CANCER RISK; HEAVY METALS; PUBLIC HEALTH; CIGARETTE SMOKE; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; RADIATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC ER - TY - GEN T1 - Educational Technology in the 21st Century. Joint Hearing before the Committee on Science and the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62666855; ED392400 AB - This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing addressing the potential as well as the affordability of educational technology and the classroom of the future, where computers and computer networks will increasingly aid teachers and facilitate learning. Those presenting prepared statements are Congressman George E. Brown, Jr., Congressman William Clay, Congressman Robert S. Walker, Congresswoman Lynn C. Woolsey, Congresswoman Constance A. Morella, and Congressman Randy "Duke" Cunningham. Testimony is included from: (1) Seymour Papert, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; (2) Alan C. Kay, Apple Computer: (3) Chris Dede, George Mason University; (4) David E. Shaw, D. E. Shaw & Company; (5) Ed McCracken, Silicon Graphics; (6) Pat Wright, TCI Educational Technologies, Inc.; (7) Robert W. Mendenhall, K-12 Industry Division, IBM; (8) Jeff Joseph, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; (9) Deborah McGriff, Edison Project; (10) Cheryl L. Lemke, Illinois State Board of Education; and (11) Alan S. Brown, Waukegan (Illinois) Public Schools District. Appendices include: statements for the record by Albert Shanker of the American Federation of Teachers, by Shelly Weinstein of the National Education Telecommunications Organization and EDSAT Institute, and by Geoffrey Teeter of Genentech, Inc., a report from the Office of Technology Assessment entitled "Teachers & Technology--Making the Connection," and various other supplemental materials including submitted pieces of correspondence and written testimony, a summary of educational technology expenditures by the Department of Education, press releases, a list of challenge grant recipients, Presidential remarks, and news clippings. (BEW) Y1 - 1995/10/12/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Oct 12 SP - 365 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160521815 KW - Affordability KW - Congress 104th KW - Future Learning KW - Grant Recipients KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Technological Advancement KW - Expenditures KW - Costs KW - Instructional Materials KW - Computer Networks KW - Hearings KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Technology KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62666855?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-37. Contains photographs which may N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Profile of Undergraduates in U.S. Postsecondary Education Institutions: 1992-93. With an Essay on Undergraduates at Risk. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62671260; ED392852 AB - This report profiles undergraduates enrolled in postsecondary education for the academic year 1992-93. It relies on data from the 1992-93 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, third in a series conducted by the Department of Education. The report begins with an essay that explores the extent to which undergraduates have outside responsibilities and enrollment patterns that increase their risk of not attaining a degree or postsecondary certificate. Following the essay, a compendium of tables provides comprehensive information about enrollment patterns, programs of study, student characteristics, financial aid receipt and employment, students' educational aspirations, and their community service participation. Not since the 1970s has the typical postsecondary student been a recent high school graduate enrolled full-time at a four-year school, and working toward a Bachelor's degree. On the contrary, such students represented only about one-third of undergraduates enrolled in 1992-93. The first section of the compendium contains detailed risk factor tables, and the remaining sections are marked to highlight topic findings. (Contains 9 text tables, 8 figures, and 58 tables in the compendium.) (SLD) AU - Horn, Laura J. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 187 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160484103 KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Undergraduate Students KW - High Risk Students KW - Student Characteristics KW - Academic Achievement KW - Majors (Students) KW - Higher Education KW - Educational Attainment KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Profiles KW - Enrollment KW - Employment Patterns KW - Academic Persistence KW - Student Responsibility KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62671260?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For an earlier statistical analysis report on the N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Characteristics of the 100 Largest Public Elementary and Secondary School Districts in the United States: 1992-93. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62668266; ED392850 AB - This publication provides basic descriptive information about the 100 largest school districts in the United States and its outlying areas. The information was provided by state education agencies about student membership, revenues, and expenditures. The 100 largest districts, representing fewer than 1% of the nation's school districts, serve about 23% of public school students and employ about 23% of public school teachers. Almost all of these districts encompass large cities, but only about half are confined to city limits. One-third of these districts are found in Florida, Texas, and California; and more than half of these large districts have minority enrollment of over 50%. In addition, schools in the 100 largest districts tend to be about 38% larger than the average American school. Information on school and student characteristics and school finances is presented in 10 basic tables. Three text tables establish a meaningful context for the information on the 100 school districts. Appendixes list the 500 largest school districts, and an alphabetical list of the 500 districts. (SLD) AU - Sietsema, John AU - Bose, Jonaki Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 57 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160484081 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - School Demography KW - Student Characteristics KW - Geographic Distribution KW - Educational Finance KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Urban Schools KW - School District Size KW - State Departments of Education KW - Public Schools KW - Enrollment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62668266?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1991-92 report, see ED 372 111. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Teacher Supply in the United States: Sources of Newly Hired Teachers in Public and Private Schools, 1988-1991. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62665533; ED392851 AB - Data from this report on sources of new teachers in the United States are from the 1987-88 and 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) of the National Center for Education Statistics, a multilevel linked survey of public and private schools, school districts, principals, and teachers. As fewer college graduates enter teaching, concerns have risen about possible teacher shortages. The SASS provides information to help in educational planning. In 1990-91, 177,000 teachers were newly hired in the nation's schools, an increase of 33% over 1988. These new hires accounted for 6% of the public teacher workforce and 13% of the private teacher workforce. Between 1988 and 1991 the sources of newly hired teachers shifted as both public and private schools hired relatively fewer reentrants, teachers returning after a break in service, and relatively more first-time teachers. First-time teachers represented about 53% of all public school new hires in 1991, with about 34% being newly prepared teachers and 19% being delayed entrants to teaching. Transfers from other teaching jobs supplied 16% of public and 22% of private new hires. (Contains 3 figures, 18 tables, and 22 references.) (SLD) AU - Rollefson, Mary R. AU - Broughman, Stephen P. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 50 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160483867 KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teaching (Occupation) KW - Teacher Education KW - Labor Force KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - National Surveys KW - Beginning Teachers KW - Public Schools KW - Educational Planning KW - Teacher Recruitment KW - Employment Patterns KW - Tables (Data) KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62665533?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For an earlier statistical analysis report on the N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Working but Poor in America. AFL-CIO Reviews the Issues. Report No. 84. AN - 62660821; ED388771 AB - In 1993, 10.4 million people were classified as being among the working poor. Of those individuals living in poverty, 2.4 million worked year round at full-time jobs and 7.4 million lived in a household containing someone who was employed full time throughout the year. A U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics report identified low earnings, involuntary part-time work, and unemployment as three key reasons for poverty. Another study established that the percentage of workers with low earnings rose from 12% of all year-round, full-time civilian workers aged 16 or over in 1979 to 16% in 1992. Among the identified causes of the rise were the following: steady erosion of wages in the United States, unemployment and underemployment, rise of low-wage service jobs and parallel decline in well-paying manufacturing jobs, restructuring of industry, and decline of pension and health insurance coverage. Although there is no panacea for poverty or the working poor, the following policy measures would make a big difference: strengthen labor laws, adopt national policies aimed at preserving high-wage manufacturing jobs, increase the minimum wage, retain existing employment and training and safety-net programs, retain a progressive tax policy, and fund education adequately. (MN) AU - Parente, Frank Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 5 PB - AFL-CIO Publications and Materials Office, 815 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20006. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Minimum Wage KW - Unemployment KW - Tax Rates KW - Public Policy KW - Employment Practices KW - Part Time Employment KW - Income KW - Economic Factors KW - Underemployment KW - Poverty KW - Employment Patterns KW - Change Strategies KW - Working Poor KW - Fringe Benefits KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62660821?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Public School Teacher Cost Differences across the United States. Analysis/Methodology Report. AN - 62657944; ED387884 AB - This document presents findings of a study that used a hedonic wage model to develop a national, geographical teacher cost index (TCI). The research sought to extend the analysis of teacher compensation to include not only variables that reflect the geographic cost-of-living, but also the amenities of the labor markets in which the public school districts are located. "Hedonic" considerations are those factors that attract workers to an area. The result was an estimated average teacher-salary cost index for each state and for regions in each state. The research drew on a sample of 40,484 public school teachers derived from the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) database for 1990-91. The study examined: (1) discretionary factors--the effects of teacher and job characteristics on patterns of variation in teacher salaries; (2) cost factors--the regional and school-district characteristics beyond local control; and (3) teacher cost differences by the type of school district. The TCI model was also compared with two alternative models. The data show a salary difference that favored males; some evidence points to lower salaries being paid to minorities of the same gender. Teachers with higher degree levels received higher salaries. Larger districts in more urbanized settings tended to pay higher teacher salaries for teachers with the same qualifications. The average TCI tended to be lowest in southern states and highest in northeastern states. Large urban school districts tended to have higher teacher costs. Finally, compensating differentials are necessary to attract teachers to remote regions. In conclusion, the TCI includes important factors beyond the costs of living that should be considered in examining how much more or less it costs to recruit and employ comparable teachers. Appended are technical notes; descriptive statistics and parameter estimates variables included in teacher salary regressions; and standard errors. Contains 48 references. (LMI) AU - Chambers, Jay AU - Fowler, William J. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 128 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-758 KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Compensation (Remuneration) KW - Rural Urban Differences KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Employment Statistics KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Public School Teachers KW - National Surveys KW - Teacher Salaries KW - Occupational Surveys KW - Models KW - Costs KW - Teacher Employment KW - Public Schools KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Labor Market KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62657944?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Digest of Education Statistics, 1995. AN - 62657894; ED387885 AB - This edition is the 31st in a series of publications initiated in 1962. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of American education from kindergarten through graduate school. The "Digest" includes a selection of data from many sources, and draws especially on the results of surveys and activities of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The publication contains information on a variety of subjects, including: (1) numbers of schools and colleges; (2) numbers of teachers; (3) enrollments; (4) graduates; (5) educational attainment; (6) finances; (7) Federal funds for education; (8) employment and income of graduates; (9) libraries; and (10) international comparisons of education. Supplemental information is provided on population trends, attitudes toward education, educational characteristics of the labor force, government finances, and economic trends. New information is provided on trends in elementary-secondary school expenditures, race/ethnicity of college faculty, productivity measures of college faculty, revenues of colleges and universities by classification of institution, the percentage of population enrolled in college for Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, and the use of telecommunications technologies in public schools. Data are presented in 32 figures and 415 tables, with an additional 20 tables in an appendix. Contains a guide to tabular presentation, guide to sources, and definitions. (LMI) AU - Snyder, Thomas D. AU - Hoffman, Charlene M. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 604 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160483794 KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - High School Graduates KW - Federal Aid KW - Government Role KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Educational Attainment KW - Income KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Libraries KW - Public Education KW - Enrollment KW - College Graduates KW - Statistical Data KW - Employment Patterns KW - Population Trends KW - Trend Analysis KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Labor Force KW - Telecommunications KW - College Faculty KW - Economic Factors KW - International Studies KW - Tables (Data) KW - Private Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62657894?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Uses of the National Information Infrastructure in Providing Services to Small Industry, State and Local Governments, and Education in Rural Areas. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (Billings, Montana). AN - 62655764; ED396898 AB - The Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space held a hearing in Billings, Montana, on rural America's access to the National Information Infrastructure (NII) and uses of NII in the provision of rural education and services. An Assistant Secretary of Commerce discussed the development of the Internet, problems in rural access to the Internet and other information technologies, a federal grant program that helps rural communities to gain such access, and the effects of deregulation on rural access. A researcher outlined the potential impact of technology on rural schools, including opportunities for new distance learning models, for new models of student learning, and for improving teacher development. A health services administrator described the Eastern Montana Telemedicine Network, which delivers specialist physician consultation through video conferencing, delivers mental health consultative services, offers continuing medical and higher education programming to rural communities, and provides community outreach and telebusiness opportunities to geographically isolated communities. The computer systems and telecommunications director at Salish Kootenai College discussed the problems of providing telecommunications technology to tribal colleges on American Indian reservations and related problems involving rural telephone cooperatives, inadequate telephone service, and obsolete laws governing the delivery of utility services. Representatives of communications companies discussed the potential role of NII in promoting rural development and delivering rural services, and the need for continued Congressional action to support telecommunications competition. (SV) Y1 - 1995/10/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Oct 01 SP - 80 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016052377X KW - Access to Services KW - Access to Technology KW - Congress 104th KW - Montana KW - National Information Infrastructure KW - Telemedicine KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Rural Education KW - Delivery Systems KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Public Policy KW - Telecommunications KW - Rural Areas KW - Distance Education KW - Human Services KW - Tribally Controlled Education KW - Access to Information KW - Hearings KW - Community Colleges KW - Educational Resources KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62655764?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Arts Education in Public Elementary and Secondary Schools. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62655626; ED388607 AB - This report, based on findings from The Elementary Arts Education Survey, 1994, looks at information regarding the general questions: (1) What art subjects are being taught in public schools? (2) How do schools and districts support arts education? (3) How have schools' arts programs changed compared to 5 years ago. Survey responses indicate that the primary focus of public school arts education is music and visual arts, with music instruction receiving more commitment than visual arts. Creative writing is typically incorporated into the language arts curriculum. Dance instruction by a dance specialist is rare, and dramatic and theatre activities are most often used by classroom teachers to reinforce instruction in other subjects. Elementary students are receiving about the same amount of instruction time in music and visual arts, although classroom teachers are more likely to teach visual arts than music, which is taught predominantly by music specialists. Very little is being done to promote arts education through external resources. But school districts' commitment to keeping arts education in the mainstream of basic education is evidenced by allocation of funds to arts education; developing and providing curriculum guidelines in arts subjects; and by employing an arts curriculum coordinator. An examination of changes in terms of arts programs as compared to 5 years ago indicates that increases in instructional time, number of arts staff, allocation of supplies and materials, funds for teachers' classroom use, and use of museums, galleries, and performances are reported by 20 to 30 percent of the respondents. Forty-one percent of elementary schools and 62 percent of secondary schools reported increases in enrollment. About half of the schools reported an increase in the number of courses offered, while 39 percent reported that the number of courses had remained the same. Fifteen tables present survey data. The appendices present the following: "Survey Methodology and Data Reliability"; "Tables of Standard Errors"; and examples of survey forms. (MM) AU - Carey, Nancy Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 82 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-082 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Researchers KW - Administrators KW - Practitioners KW - Financial Support KW - School Support KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Dance Education KW - Creative Writing KW - Music Education KW - Instructor Coordinators KW - Art Education KW - Visual Arts KW - Time Factors (Learning) KW - Fine Arts KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Dramatics KW - Theater Arts KW - Public Education KW - Curriculum Guides KW - Specialists UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62655626?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Joint Conference on Standard Setting for Large-Scale Assessments (Washington, D.C., October 5-7, 1994). Proceedings, Volume II. AN - 62570866; ED403326 AB - The National Assessment Governing Board and the National Center for Education Statistics sponsored a Joint Conference on Standard Setting for Large-Scale Assessments to provide a forum for technical and policy issues relevant to setting standards at local, state, and national levels. Volume I contains an executive summary of the conference and synopses of the conference papers. This volume comprises the papers prepared for the conference and summaries of the plenary sessions and small breakout sessions. Educators were invited to present papers on issues within historical, theoretical, methodological, application, or policy perspectives. The 19 invited papers explore 6 major themes identified by the authors of the executive summary. These are: (1) multiple meanings and uses of standards; (2) methods of setting standards; (3) new directions and technical issues in setting standards; (4) fairness and validity in setting standards; (5) problems and controversies; and (6) areas of agreement in setting and using standards. While the conference did not result in consensus on how standards ought to be set for large scale assessments, it did bring together many experts in the field, and it did promote an understanding of the multifaceted issues involved in standard setting. Each paper contains references. (SLD) AU - Crocker, Linda AU - Zieky, Michael Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 436 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Large Scale Assessment KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Testing Problems KW - Standard Setting KW - Validity KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Test Use KW - Accountability KW - Educational Improvement KW - Educational Policy KW - Standards KW - Program Evaluation KW - Educational Assessment KW - Statistical Bias UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62570866?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume I, the executive summary, see TM 026 07 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - International Military Education and Training: An Assessment. McNair Paper 44. AN - 62557853; ED406567 AB - This report presents results of a study team's analysis of the extent to which International Military Education and Training (IMET) serves U.S. interests. It describes whether IMET has done the following: (1) facilitated access to senior military and political leaders and promoted communication between the United States and recipient countries; (2) provided an effective introduction to U.S. political values; (3) contributed to improving political-military relations in recipient countries; and (4) served as an important asset for interoperability in coalition peace and humanitarian assistance operations. The analysis of IMET's effectiveness is organized in five parts: the legislative roots of the program and its relationship to foreign military sales; the structure of IMET in FY 1995, emphasizing the importance of IMET's original synergy of English language training, a professional course of instruction conducted in the United States, and the Department of Defense's Informational Program; an assessment of the effectiveness of international military educational and training made possible by IMET and other funding options; contributions toward achieving regional stability, improving multilateral cooperative military relationships with the United States, and supporting U.S. diplomatic interests overseas and economic interests at home; and making a good program better. The report concludes that IMET is one of the few foreign-aid initiatives that Congress continues to consider relevant, useful, and worthy of funding. (Contains 68 notes.) (YLB) AU - Cope, John A. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 81 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - International Military Education and Training Prog KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Military Schools KW - International Programs KW - International Educational Exchange KW - Military Training KW - Foreign Students KW - Foreign Countries KW - Student Exchange Programs KW - International Cooperation KW - Military Personnel KW - Program Evaluation KW - Foreign Policy KW - Technical Assistance KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62557853?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Joint Conference on Standard Setting for Large-Scale Assessments (Washington, D.C., October 5-7, 1994). Executive Summary, Volume I. AN - 62554482; ED403325 AB - The National Assessment Governing Board and the National Center for Education Statistics sponsored a Joint Conference on Standard Setting for Large-Scale Assessments to provide a forum for technical and policy issues relevant to setting standards at local, state, and national levels. This executive summary conveys the essence of the conference by combining its information into major themes rather than merely providing abstracts of the papers. Renowned educators were invited to present papers on issues within historical, theoretical, methodological, application, or policy perspectives. The six major themes identified in their presentations were: (1) multiple meanings and uses of standards; (2) methods of setting standards; (3) new directions and technical issues in setting standards; (4) fairness and validity in setting standards; (5) problems and controversies; and (6) areas of agreement in setting and using standards. The conference did not result in professional consensus on how standards ought to be set for large-scale assessments, but it did bring together many of the people most active in the field of standard setting, and it did promote an understanding of the multifacted issues involved in standard setting. Abstracts of 19 papers are attached. (Contains four references.) (SLD) AU - Crocker, Linda AU - Zieky, Michael Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 34 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Large Scale Assessment KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Testing Programs KW - Standard Setting KW - Research Methodology KW - Validity KW - Academic Achievement KW - Educational Testing KW - Test Use KW - Educational History KW - Educational Policy KW - Standards KW - Bias KW - Educational Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62554482?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume II, the Proceedings, see TM 026 072. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comment AN - 61608310; 199601780 AB - In a comment on Somboon Sungoonshorn's & A. T. M. Nurul Amin's discussion (see abstract in SOPODA 18:1) of the constraints on informal sector (IS) workers' access to social services in Bangkok, Thailand, slums, it is asserted that their study was limited by the short time span & small samples. Their findings contradict those of other studies, & which show that IS workers in Bangkok receive higher incomes than other major groups in Thailand. The lack of IS demand for nonwelfare services suggests that IS workers in Bangkok are not as poor as frequently assumed. Questions remain about how services can reach the country's large population & whether the current decisionmakers in the public sector will implement the changes. S. Jameson JF - Regional Development Dialogue AU - Igel, Barbara AD - School Management Asian Instit Technology, GPO Box 2754 Bangkok 10501 Thailand Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 164 EP - 167 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0250-6505, 0250-6505 KW - social services access/utilization, informal sector workers, Bangkok, Thailand KW - comment KW - Low Income Groups KW - Workers KW - Bangkok, Thailand KW - Informal Sector KW - Social Services KW - Welfare Services KW - Access KW - Slums KW - article KW - 8355: social development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61608310?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regional+Development+Dialogue&rft.atitle=Comment&rft.au=Igel%2C+Barbara&rft.aulast=Igel&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regional+Development+Dialogue&rft.issn=02506505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Services; Informal Sector; Slums; Workers; Bangkok, Thailand; Low Income Groups; Welfare Services; Access ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comment AN - 61591548; 199603508 AB - A comment on Somboon Sungoonshorn's & A. T. M. Nurul Amin's discussion (see abstract in SOPODA 18:1) of constraints on access to social services for informal sector workers of Bangkok, Thailand. They fail to recognize the heterogeneity of slum dwellers & ambiguous distinction between the formal & informal sectors. While their assertion that vocational training would not adequately address the problems faced by unskilled migrant workers in urban slums due to lack of service utilization is accurate, it is concluded that Bangkok's urban poverty is not simply the result of lack of access to services; poverty alleviation should include the introduction of safety nets. S. Jameson JF - Regional Development Dialogue AU - Sheng, Yap Kioe AD - School Environment/Resources/Development Asian Instit Technology, GPO Box 2754 Bangkok 10501 Thailand Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 168 EP - 172 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0250-6505, 0250-6505 KW - social services access/utilization, informal sector workers, Bangkok, Thailand KW - comment KW - Development Programs KW - Workers KW - Urban Poverty KW - Bangkok, Thailand KW - Informal Sector KW - Social Services KW - Welfare Services KW - Slums KW - Access KW - article KW - 8355: social development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61591548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regional+Development+Dialogue&rft.atitle=Comment&rft.au=Sheng%2C+Yap+Kioe&rft.aulast=Sheng&rft.aufirst=Yap&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regional+Development+Dialogue&rft.issn=02506505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Social Services; Informal Sector; Urban Poverty; Workers; Development Programs; Bangkok, Thailand; Access; Welfare Services; Slums ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Informal Sector's Access to Local Government Services: Focus on Bangkok's Slums AN - 61565264; 199603771 AB - Urban informal sector workers' access to governmental social services was examined in a 1994/95 questionnaire survey of 144 inhabitants of 3 slum areas in Bangkok, Thailand, evaluating experiences with access to credit, training, market information, education, health care, & moral & spiritual development. It is asserted that an overlapping of urban poor, slums, & the informal sector creates a multifaceted problem. An analysis of Bangkok's Seventh National Economic & Social Development Plan (1992-1996) & Bangkok Metropolitan Administration's welfare & nonwelfare services suggests that while access to services is limited, currently available services are rarely utilized anyway. It is concluded that public service providers are failing to distribute information, & barriers are created by rigid procedures, lack of coordination among agencies, distance from community, bureaucratic inefficiencies, & lack of public accountability. S. Jameson JF - Regional Development Dialogue AU - Sungoonshorn, Somboon AU - Amin, A. T. M. Nurul AD - School Environment/Resources/Development Asian Instit Technology, GPO Box 2754 Bangkok 10501 Thailand Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 146 EP - 163 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0250-6505, 0250-6505 KW - governmental social services utilization, urban informal sector workers, Bangkok, Thailand KW - 1994/95 questionnaire survey KW - slum residents KW - Workers KW - Low Income Groups KW - Bangkok, Thailand KW - Public Services KW - Informal Sector KW - Social Services KW - Welfare Services KW - Access KW - Slums KW - Program Evaluation KW - Local Government KW - article KW - 8355: social development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61565264?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regional+Development+Dialogue&rft.atitle=The+Informal+Sector%27s+Access+to+Local+Government+Services%3A+Focus+on+Bangkok%27s+Slums&rft.au=Sungoonshorn%2C+Somboon%3BAmin%2C+A.+T.+M.+Nurul&rft.aulast=Sungoonshorn&rft.aufirst=Somboon&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regional+Development+Dialogue&rft.issn=02506505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Program Evaluation; Low Income Groups; Social Services; Local Government; Informal Sector; Workers; Slums; Bangkok, Thailand; Public Services; Welfare Services; Access ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Official Languages, Symbolic Politics and Real Cuts: Language Policy in the USA AN - 58314600; 9604279 AB - US language policy is discussed, covering bills that affect bilingual education, & the possibility of an English language amendment. The linguistic pluralism of Australia is more extensive than that of the US, & it is suggested that an English-only amendment in the US seems unnecessary, though it appears to be gaining in popularity. Six bills & two dissenting resolutions currently before the 104th Congress that would make English official are characterized, & the English-only platform of several Republican presidential hopefuls is contrasted with the opinion of Republican TX Governor George W. Bush. The establishment of bilingual education is traced to the 1968 Title Seven legislation & the 1974 Lau v Nicholls case, & subsequent changes in US attitudes toward bilingual education are addressed. An Aug 1995 court case is detailed, in which a judge decried a mother's speaking Spanish to her child as abuse & required the mother to speak only in English. It is hoped that President Clinton may veto the proposed bills, despite his pro-English-only stance as AR governor. D. Weibel JF - Australian Language Matters AU - Lo Bianco, Joseph AD - National Languages & Literacy Instit Australia Ltd, GPO Box 31 Belconnen ACT 2616 Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 1 EP - 2 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1320-2251, 1320-2251 KW - US English-only legislation review, Australian linguistic pluralism comparison KW - Australia (06350) KW - Language Status (43920) KW - Language Policy (43450) KW - United States of America (92750) KW - English (21900) KW - Official Languages (60500) KW - Language Rights (43650) KW - Bilingual Education (08750) KW - article KW - 5611: sociolinguistics; language planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/58314600?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Allba&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Language+Matters&rft.atitle=Official+Languages%2C+Symbolic+Politics+and+Real+Cuts%3A+Language+Policy+in+the+USA&rft.au=Lo+Bianco%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Lo+Bianco&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+Language+Matters&rft.issn=13202251&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA) N1 - Date revised - 2003-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-27 N1 - CODEN - ALMAE7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Language Policy (43450); United States of America (92750); Bilingual Education (08750); Official Languages (60500); English (21900); Language Status (43920); Language Rights (43650); Australia (06350) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The goldfish as a model for studying neuroestrogen synthesis, localization, and action in the brain and visual system. AN - 21275670; 11701714 AB - Organizational and activational effects of estrogen (E) in the central nervous system (CNS) are exerted directly by circulating E and indirectly after aromatization of circulating androgen to E in the brain itself. Understanding an environmental chemical's ability to disrupt E-dependent neural processes, therefore, requires attention to both pathways. Because aromatase (Aro) is highly expressed in teleost brain, when compared to mammals and other vertebrates, fish are technically advantageous for localization and regulation studies and may also provide a model in which the functional consequences of brain-derived (neuro-)E synthesis are exaggerated. Recently, Aro was immunolocalized in cell bodies and fiber projections of second- and third-order neurons of the goldfish retina and in central visual processing areas. Authentic Aro enzyme activity was verified biochemically, suggesting a heretofore unrecognized role of sex steroids in the visual system. Initial studies show that in vivo treatment with aromatizable androgen or E increases calmodulin synthesis and calmodulin protein in retina and also affects retinal protein and DNA. Whether there are related changes in the processing of visual information that is essential for seasonal reproduction or in the generative and regenerative capacity of the goldfish visual system requires further investigation. Images Figure 2. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Callard, G V AU - Kruger, A AU - Betka, M AD - Department of Biology, Boston University, MA 02215, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 51 EP - 57 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Central nervous system KW - Retina KW - Visual system KW - steroids KW - Freshwater KW - Freshwater fish KW - Environmental factors KW - Carassius auratus KW - Sex hormones KW - Visual stimuli KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - Aromatase KW - Information processing KW - Seasonal variations KW - Steroids KW - Calcium-binding protein KW - Sex KW - Estrogens KW - Protein biosynthesis KW - Retinas KW - Brain KW - Enzymes KW - Steroid hormones KW - Teleostei KW - Fibers KW - Neurons KW - Cell body KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Calmodulin KW - Fish KW - Reproduction KW - Attention KW - estrogens KW - Androgens KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - Q1 08344:Reproduction and development KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+goldfish+as+a+model+for+studying+neuroestrogen+synthesis%2C+localization%2C+and+action+in+the+brain+and+visual+system.&rft.au=Callard%2C+G+V%3BKruger%2C+A%3BBetka%2C+M&rft.aulast=Callard&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Visual stimuli; Central nervous system; Retinas; Neurons; Brain; Freshwater fish; Steroids; Environmental factors; Sex hormones; Estrogens; Protein biosynthesis; Retina; Visual system; Enzymes; Steroid hormones; Fibers; Aromatase; Information processing; Cell body; DNA; Calmodulin; Reproduction; Attention; Calcium-binding protein; Sex; Androgens; Sulfur dioxide; Proteins; Fish; steroids; Seasonal variations; estrogens; Teleostei; Carassius auratus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of estrogenic chemicals on development. AN - 21275650; 11701711 AB - The sum of the evidence supports the necessity to continue to investigate the developmental effects of estrogenic and antiestrogenic compounds when exposure occurs early in life. Additional studies will answer questions relevant to the molecular definition of the developmental or carcinogenic effects of estrogens such as hormone-induced gene alterations. These studies also support the need to use the neonatal mouse model to demonstrate the consequences of reproductive and nonreproductive stem-cell exposure to estrogenic compounds. Images Figure 2. A Figure 2. B Figure 2. C JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Jones, L A AU - Hajek, R A AD - Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA., lovell_jones@gyn.mda.uth.tmc.edu Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 63 EP - 67 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Neonates KW - estrogens KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+estrogenic+chemicals+on+development.&rft.au=Jones%2C+L+A%3BHajek%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Carcinogenicity; Neonates; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogens in unexpected places: possible implications for researchers and consumers. AN - 21262147; 11701713 AB - Estrogenic activity originating in unexpected places was encountered on three occasions during an investigation of whether Saccharomyces cerevisiae synthesized estrogens. In each instance, estradiol found in the conditioned yeast culture medium originated from an exogenous source and was not synthesized by the yeast. In the first instance, yeast grown in the laboratory showed a time-dependent increase in estradiol in the conditioned medium. However, the culture medium supplement Bacto-peptone was found to contain large amounts of estrone. When added to yeast cultures in the form of YPD medium (yeast extract, Bacto-peptone, and dextrose), S. cerevisiae converted the estrone to estradiol leading to the accumulation of estradiol over time. In the second instance, commercially purchased S. cerevisiae grown in a molasses medium exhibited substantial amounts of estradiol. However, corn and beet molasses contained sufficient estrone and estradiol to account for the findings. As in the first instance, the yeast converted the estrone into estradiol. In the third instance, autoclaving culture medium in polycarbonate plastic flasks was found to cause an estrogenic substance to be added to the medium, whether yeast were present or not. It was determined that the autoclaving process leached bisphenol-A (BPA) out of the polycarbonate plastic. BPA was shown to bind to estrogen receptors and to induce estrogenic activity, including stimulation of MCF-7 breast cancer-cell proliferation and induction of the expression of progesterone receptors. The three instances highlight potential problems for investigators who might inadvertently add estrogens to experimental systems confounding their results. The BPA findings raise concerns about the possible addition of this estrogenic molecule to the food supply since polycarbonate plastic is used in myriad applications in the packaging of food and beverages. Although we are unaware of the substantial contamination of food products with BPA, we believe this possibility should be carefully investigated. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Feldman, D AU - Krishnan, A AD - Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, California, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 129 EP - 133 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Yeasts KW - Food supply KW - Leaching KW - Beverages KW - Food KW - Molasses KW - Food contamination KW - estrogenic activity KW - corn KW - Estradiol KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - dextrose KW - Bisphenol A KW - Progesterone receptors KW - Dietary supplements KW - Consumers KW - Plastics KW - Estrogen receptors KW - polycarbonate KW - estrogens KW - Packaging KW - Estrone KW - K 03420:Plant Diseases KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Estrogens+in+unexpected+places%3A+possible+implications+for+researchers+and+consumers.&rft.au=Feldman%2C+D%3BKrishnan%2C+A&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Beverages; Food; Molasses; Food contamination; estrogenic activity; Estradiol; Bisphenol A; dextrose; Progesterone receptors; Dietary supplements; Consumers; Plastics; Estrogen receptors; polycarbonate; Estrone; Yeasts; Leaching; Food supply; corn; Packaging; estrogens; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mouse lactoferrin gene: a marker for estrogen and epidermal growth factor. AN - 21260836; 11701715 AB - Lactoferrin mRNA in the 21-day-old mouse uterus can be increased several hundredfold by estrogen. The physiological role of lactoferrin in mouse uterus is unclear; however, it can be a useful marker for the estrogen action in the uterus. The structural organization and the chromosome location of the lactoferrin gene are similar to members of the transferrin gene family. At the 5' flanking region of the lactoferrin gene, we have characterized two modules that respond to estrogen and growth factor stimulation. Each module is composed of either overlapping or multiple transcription factor-binding elements. The well-characterized estrogen and growth factor response modules in the mouse lactoferrin gene could serve as the foundation to understand the intricate molecular mechanisms of estrogen action and its relationship to growth factors. Images Figure 1. Figure 1. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Teng, C AD - Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NC 27709, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 17 EP - 20 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Molecular modelling KW - Estrogens KW - Uterus KW - Physiology KW - Gene families KW - foundations KW - Transferrin KW - Chromosomes KW - lactoferrin KW - Epidermal growth factor KW - growth factors KW - estrogens KW - G 07870:Mammals KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mouse+lactoferrin+gene%3A+a+marker+for+estrogen+and+epidermal+growth+factor.&rft.au=Teng%2C+C&rft.aulast=Teng&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Molecular modelling; Chromosomes; Transferrin; Uterus; Estrogens; lactoferrin; Epidermal growth factor; Gene families; foundations; Physiology; growth factors; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular and molecular effects of developmental exposure to diethylstilbestrol: implications for other environmental estrogens. AN - 21253385; 11701712 AB - Concerns have been raised regarding the role of environmental and dietary estrogens as possible contributors to an increased incidence of various abnormalities in estrogen-target tissues of both sexes. These abnormalities include breast cancer, endometriosis, fibroids, and uterine adenocarcinoma in females, as well as alterations in sex differentiation, decreased sperm concentrations, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatic cancer, testicular cancer, and reproductive problems in males. Whether these concerns are valid remains to be determined; however, studies with the potent synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) suggest that exogenous estrogen exposure during critical stages of development can result in permanent cellular and molecular alterations in the exposed organism. These alterations manifest themselves in the female and male as structural, functional, or long-term pathological changes including neoplasia. Although DES has potent estrogenic activity, it may be used as a model compound to study the effects of weaker environmental estrogens, many of which may fit into the category of endocrine disruptors. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Newbold, R AD - Environmental Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 83 EP - 87 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Diets KW - endocrine disruptors KW - Breast cancer KW - Cancer KW - estrogens KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ahealthsafetyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Cellular+and+molecular+effects+of+developmental+exposure+to+diethylstilbestrol%3A+implications+for+other+environmental+estrogens.&rft.au=Newbold%2C+R&rft.aulast=Newbold&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Diets; endocrine disruptors; Breast cancer; Cancer; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sex hormones on oncogene expression in the vagina and on development of sexual dimorphism of the pelvis and anococcygeus muscle in the mouse. AN - 21252430; 11701710 AB - Neonatal treatment of female mice with diethystilbestrol (DES) is known to induce ovary-independent persistent proliferation and cornification of vaginal epithelium. This irreversibly changed vaginal epithelium persistently expressed higher levels of c-jun and c-fos mRNAs, which was not altered by postpubertal estrogen. Sexual dimorphism was encountered in mouse pelvis and anococcygeus muscle. Postpubertal estrogen changed the shape of the pelvis to the female type and postpubertal androgen changed it to the male type. Neonatal exposure to DES and to the antiestrogen tamoxifen altered the developmental pattern of the pelvis, which contained lower concentrations of calcium and phosphorus than controls. The size of anococcygeus muscle was increased by postpubertal androgen but decreased by postpubertal estrogen. However, neonatal estrogen (DES) exposure permanently enlarged the anococcygeus muscle. Thus, neonatal treatment of mice with estrogen and antiestrogen results in irreversible changes in nonreproductive as well as reproductive structures. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Iguchi, T AU - Fukazawa, Y AU - Bern, H A AD - Department of Biology, Yokohama City University, Japan. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 79 EP - 82 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - Sexual dimorphism KW - Calcium KW - Phosphorus KW - Hormones KW - Sex hormones KW - Oncogenes KW - Epithelium KW - Estrogens KW - Muscles KW - Mice KW - c-Fos protein KW - c-Jun protein KW - Antiestrogens KW - Tamoxifen KW - mRNA KW - Pelvis KW - Transcription factors KW - Vagina KW - Neonates KW - estrogens KW - Androgens KW - B 26660:Miscellaneous Oncogenes & Growth Factors KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21252430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sex+hormones+on+oncogene+expression+in+the+vagina+and+on+development+of+sexual+dimorphism+of+the+pelvis+and+anococcygeus+muscle+in+the+mouse.&rft.au=Iguchi%2C+T%3BFukazawa%2C+Y%3BBern%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Iguchi&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sexual dimorphism; Estrogens; Calcium; Phosphorus; Muscles; c-Fos protein; c-Jun protein; Tamoxifen; Antiestrogens; mRNA; Sex hormones; Pelvis; Oncogenes; Transcription factors; Vagina; Epithelium; Neonates; Androgens; Mice; Hormones; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Declining semen quality and increasing incidence of testicular cancer: is there a common cause? AN - 21251448; 11701708 AB - Male reproduction has been given little attention in science and in medical practice. However, a recent metaanalysis on semen quality, which clearly pointed to a decrease over the past 50 years, has been repeatedly quoted. Three recent reports have found that semen quality has declined among candidate semen donors during the past 20 years. The evidence of decline in the quality of semen is not the only indicator that the human testis is at risk. During the past 50 years, cancer of the testis has also become more common. This is a disorder of young men, and it is associated with a high rate of other abnormalities of the testis including undescended testis and poor semen quality. Furthermore, the incidence of both hypospadias and undescended testis has been reported to be rising in the general population. We believe that the evidence of declining semen quality should be seen in the light of these trends in other reproductive disorders of men. However, the etiology is unknown. A recent hypothesis that links the trends in the health of the male reproductive system to xenoestrogens in the environment is discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Carlsen, E AU - Giwercman, A AU - Keiding, N AU - Skakkebaek, N E AD - University Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 137 EP - 139 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Etiology KW - Reproduction KW - Cancer KW - Reproductive system KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Declining+semen+quality+and+increasing+incidence+of+testicular+cancer%3A+is+there+a+common+cause%3F&rft.au=Carlsen%2C+E%3BGiwercman%2C+A%3BKeiding%2C+N%3BSkakkebaek%2C+N+E&rft.aulast=Carlsen&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Etiology; Reproduction; Reproductive system; Cancer ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estrogen receptor accessory proteins: effects on receptor-DNA interactions. AN - 21251393; 11703614 AB - Despite a wealth of information about the structure and composition of steroid receptors and their functional domains, little is known about the role of accessory proteins as mediators of receptor activity. To better define the role of such proteins in estrogen receptor (ER) function, we have used immunoaffinity, steroid affinity, and site-specific DNA-affinity chromatography to identify and characterize proteins that associate with human ER (hER) in extracts from MCF-7 cells and hER-expressing CHO (CHO-ER) cells. In addition to the expected 66-kDa hER, a 70-kDa protein was obtained and subsequently identified as a member of the heat shock protein family (hsp70). A 55-kDa protein, detected by all three approaches, was identified as a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family (PDI). Two proteins that were preferentially retained by an ER-specific DNA affinity column (p48 and p45) remain unidentified. Maximal interaction of purified hER with the vitellogenin A2 estrogen response element (ERE) occurred in the presence of all four associated proteins isolated by DNA-affinity chromatography. The increased stability of this complex was due primarily to an increase in the association rate of hER with ERE. Thus, accessory proteins may be required for optimal interaction of ER with EREs. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Landel, C C AU - Kushner, P J AU - Greene, G L AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 23 EP - 28 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Environment Abstracts KW - Heat shock proteins KW - Chromatography KW - Regulatory sequences KW - steroids KW - Steroid hormones KW - Steroid hormone receptors KW - Protein disulfide-isomerase KW - Hsp70 protein KW - Vitellogenin KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Estrogen receptors KW - estrogens KW - N 14835:Protein-Nucleic Acids Association KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Estrogen+receptor+accessory+proteins%3A+effects+on+receptor-DNA+interactions.&rft.au=Landel%2C+C+C%3BKushner%2C+P+J%3BGreene%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Landel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+7&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Heat shock proteins; Hsp70 protein; Chromatography; Vitellogenin; Regulatory sequences; DNA; Steroid hormone receptors; Steroid hormones; Estrogen receptors; Protein disulfide-isomerase; Proteins; steroids; estrogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The E-SCREEN Assay as a Tool to Identify Estrogens: an Update on Estrogenic Environmental Pollutants AN - 14409001; 10514750 AB - The E-SCREEN assay analyzes the estrogenicity of environmental chemicals by gauging the proliferative effect of estrogens on target cells as an end point. The system measures estrogen-induced increases in the number of human breast MCF-7 cells. When used to test the estrogenicity of chemicals released into the environment in large volumes, the assay detected several new estrogens, including some PCB congeners, alkylphenols, and phthalates. These compounds competed with estradiol for binding to the estrogen receptor and raised levels of progesterone receptor cells. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Soto, Ana M AU - Sonnenschein, Carlos AU - Chung, Kerrie L AU - Fernandez, Mariana F AU - Olea, Nicolas AU - Serrano, Fatima Olea Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 113 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOASSAY KW - HORMONES KW - BIOLOGY, HUMANLABORATORY KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14409001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+E-SCREEN+Assay+as+a+Tool+to+Identify+Estrogens%3A+an+Update+on+Estrogenic+Environmental+Pollutants&rft.au=Soto%2C+Ana+M%3BSonnenschein%2C+Carlos%3BChung%2C+Kerrie+L%3BFernandez%2C+Mariana+F%3BOlea%2C+Nicolas%3BSerrano%2C+Fatima+Olea&rft.aulast=Soto&rft.aufirst=Ana&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOLOGY, HUMANLABORATORY; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; BIOASSAY; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenesis as a Biomarker for Estrogenic Contamination of the Aquatic Environment AN - 14408147; 10514754 AB - Field research demonstrated that effluents from a sewage treatment plant contained chemicals that induced vitellogenin synthesis in male fish, signalling the estrogenic nature of the waste. The specific chemical or compounds inducing this effect was not identified, but trials with chemicals known to be estrogenic to mammals confirmed their estrogenic influence on fish. A mixture of different estrogenic substances was markedly more potent relative to each chemical tested alone, implying that enhanced effects are possible when fish are subjected simultaneously to different estrogenic compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sumpter, John P AU - Jobling, Susan Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 173 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEWAGE TREATMENT KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, FISH KW - BIOLOGY, FISHLABORATORY KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, WATER KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14408147?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Vitellogenesis+as+a+Biomarker+for+Estrogenic+Contamination+of+the+Aquatic+Environment&rft.au=Sumpter%2C+John+P%3BJobling%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Sumpter&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEWAGE TREATMENT; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, FISH; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, WATER; BIOLOGY, FISHLABORATORY; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental Effects of Dioxins AN - 14408108; 10514749 AB - The developmental effects of dioxins can be classified as intermediate, delayed, structural, or functional, and tend to resemble those observed with effects on multiple hormone systems. While not a typical antiestrogen, dioxin can alter the metabolism of this hormone and reduce its active form at target sites. Dioxin modulation of hormones and their receptors disrupts homeostasis and hormonal balances, leading to alterations in differentiation and proliferation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Birnbaum, Linda S Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 89 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION KW - TERATOGENIC AGENTS KW - DIOXINS KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14408108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Developmental+Effects+of+Dioxins&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+Linda+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 81 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; TERATOGENIC AGENTS; DIOXINS; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Organochlorine Exposure as a Potential Etiologic Factor in Breast Cancer AN - 14407206; 10514751 AB - Recent research suggests that organochlorine exposure may be a risk factor for breast cancer. In vitro tests demonstrate the ability of estrogen and its synthetic analogs to induce proliferation of breast cancer cells in culture. A feasible model can be created around the ability of these chemicals to induce cytochrome P450 enzymes, which in turn activate certain chemical carcinogens. Data point to a link with DDT exposure, while results for PCB have been difficult to interpret. Analysis of the breast cancer link from PCB exposure will entail greater emphasis on congener structures in complex mixtures and on temporal trends in exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wolff, Mary S AU - Toniolo, Paolo G Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 141 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - PATHOLOGY, HUMAN KW - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES KW - HORMONES KW - CARCINOGEN TESTING KW - CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14407206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+Organochlorine+Exposure+as+a+Potential+Etiologic+Factor+in+Breast+Cancer&rft.au=Wolff%2C+Mary+S%3BToniolo%2C+Paolo+G&rft.aulast=Wolff&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS; PATHOLOGY, HUMAN; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; HORMONES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; CARCINOGEN TESTING ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organization Versus Activation: the Role of Endocrine-Disrupting Contaminants (EDCs) During Embryonic Development in Wildlife AN - 14406713; 10514752 AB - Endocrine-disrupting contaminants (EDCs) appear to affect embryonic development in some wildlife species. Reptiles have been studied as sentinels of exposure to EDCs because of lability in their sex determination. Recent research demonstrated that EDCs altered the balance of reproductive hormones in a Florida alligator population, resulting in reproductive dysfunction. The influence of EDCs in nature can be understood only after complete analysis of both organizational and activational alterations. Organizational theories suggest that exposure to a small dose of an EDC during a specific period of embryonic growth can permanently change the organization of nervous, immune, and reproductive systems. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Guillette, Louis J AU - Crain, DAndrew AU - Rooney, Andrew A AU - Pickford, Daniel B Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 157 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SEX COMPARISONS KW - TERATOGENIC AGENTS KW - REPTILES KW - HORMONES KW - EMBRYOLOGY KW - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14406713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Organization+Versus+Activation%3A+the+Role+of+Endocrine-Disrupting+Contaminants+%28EDCs%29+During+Embryonic+Development+in+Wildlife&rft.au=Guillette%2C+Louis+J%3BCrain%2C+DAndrew%3BRooney%2C+Andrew+A%3BPickford%2C+Daniel+B&rft.aulast=Guillette&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SEX COMPARISONS; TERATOGENIC AGENTS; REPTILES; REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; HORMONES; EMBRYOLOGY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive Effects in Birds Exposed to Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals AN - 14406246; 10514753 AB - Research has identified various pesticides and industrial chemicals that cause mortality and reproductive impairment in birds. Embryonic impacts include reduced hatchability, mortality, and teratological effects that result in impaired differentiation of nervous and reproductive systems. Sublethal stress, reduced fertility, eggshell thinning, and other impacts on adult birds have been documented. Heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, and organochlorine and proganophosphate pesticides have been implicated. PCBs, DDT, and mixtures of organochlorines have been identified as environmental estrogens affecting breeding gulls in polluted hot spots of the US. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Fry, DMichael Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 165 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - REPRODUCTION, BIRD KW - TERATOGENIC AGENTS KW - WATERFOWL KW - HORMONES KW - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES KW - EMBRYOLOGY KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14406246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+Effects+in+Birds+Exposed+to+Pesticides+and+Industrial+Chemicals&rft.au=Fry%2C+DMichael&rft.aulast=Fry&rft.aufirst=DMichael&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 85 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - REPRODUCTION, BIRD; TERATOGENIC AGENTS; WATERFOWL; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; HORMONES; EMBRYOLOGY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Northern Exposures: Cleaning Up Canada AN - 14396692; 10508597 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Citron, Marilyn Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 908 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANADA KW - WASTE REDUCTION KW - ST LAWRENCE RIVER KW - DIOXINS KW - HEALTH, ENV KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS KW - GREAT LAKES KW - ENV JUSTICE KW - WASTE MANAGEMENT KW - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE KW - PULP MILL EFFLUENTS KW - WATER POLLUTION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14396692?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Northern+Exposures%3A+Cleaning+Up+Canada&rft.au=Citron%2C+Marilyn&rft.aulast=Citron&rft.aufirst=Marilyn&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=908&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t drawings N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTION; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; GREAT LAKES; ENV JUSTICE; CANADA; WASTE MANAGEMENT; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; WASTE REDUCTION; PULP MILL EFFLUENTS; WATER POLLUTION; DIOXINS; ST LAWRENCE RIVER; HEALTH, ENV ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biokinetics of Nuclear Fuel Compounds and Biological Effects of Nonuniform Radiation AN - 14396249; 10508598 AB - Radioactive particles of nuclear fuel compounds that are insoluble, or hot particles, can be released during accidents or as normal emissions from nuclear power plants. They are also released testing of nuclear weapons. The effect of human exposure to hot particles is not well studied, although occupational exposures to plutonium dioxide and exposure to uranium in fallout from Chernobyl have been reported. A review of the biological and biokinetic effects on laboratory animals and cell cultures is presented. Experimental animals do not absorb appreciable amounts of plutonium dioxide or uranium dioxide via the gastrointestinal tract. Hot particle inhalation causes pulmonary tumors in laboratory animals. Nonuniform delivery of ionizing radiation to the target organ is generally considered less carcinogenic than uniform delivery. Exposure to nonuniform beta -irradiation results in permanent wound development prior to development of cancer. Cell proliferation and growth genes mutate and are overexpressed when cultures or animals are exposed to hot particles. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lang, Sakahari AU - Servomaa, Kristina AU - Kosma, Veli-Matti AU - Rytomaa, Tapio Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 920 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RADIOACTIVE WASTES KW - URANIUM OXIDES KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - NUCLEAR FUEL SAFETY KW - NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS KW - MUTAGENIC AGENTS KW - PLUTONIUM KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14396249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biokinetics+of+Nuclear+Fuel+Compounds+and+Biological+Effects+of+Nonuniform+Radiation&rft.au=Lang%2C+Sakahari%3BServomaa%2C+Kristina%3BKosma%2C+Veli-Matti%3BRytomaa%2C+Tapio&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=Sakahari&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=920&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; NUCLEAR FUEL SAFETY; RADIOACTIVE WASTES; NUCLEAR ACCIDENTS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; URANIUM OXIDES; LITERATURE SURVEYS; PLUTONIUM ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Longitudinal Study of Chronic Lead Exposure and Physical Growth in Boston Children AN - 14392801; 10508600 AB - Of 270 children in Boston who were examined for lead levels in dentin, weight, and height from 1975 to 1978, 79 were reexamined in 1989 to 1990 for bone lead levels, weight, and height. None of the subjects had been treated with lead chelation, and all subjects were white, to reduce confounding factors. A positive correlation between the log of the dentin lead level, early body mass, and body mass index increase was found. No association between growth and bone lead levels was noted. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kim, Rokho AU - Hu, Howard AU - Rotnitzky, Andrea AU - Bellinger, David AU - Needleman, Herbert Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 952 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - LEAD KW - TEMPORAL COMPARISONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14392801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Longitudinal+Study+of+Chronic+Lead+Exposure+and+Physical+Growth+in+Boston+Children&rft.au=Kim%2C+Rokho%3BHu%2C+Howard%3BRotnitzky%2C+Andrea%3BBellinger%2C+David%3BNeedleman%2C+Herbert&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Rokho&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POPULATION SAMPLING; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; PUBLIC HEALTH; LEAD; TEMPORAL COMPARISONS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are Environmental Sentinels Signaling? AN - 14392456; 10508595 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - LeBlanc, Gerald A Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 888 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SHRIMP KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - MOLLUSKS KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - FISH KW - PESTICIDES KW - HORMONES KW - TRIBUTYLTIN KW - PULP MILL EFFLUENTS KW - DIOXINS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14392456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Are+Environmental+Sentinels+Signaling%3F&rft.au=LeBlanc%2C+Gerald+A&rft.aulast=LeBlanc&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=888&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 42 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SHRIMP; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; MOLLUSKS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; TRIBUTYLTIN; PULP MILL EFFLUENTS; FISH; PESTICIDES; DIOXINS; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sustaining Health in the Southern Hemisphere AN - 14391576; 10508596 AB - Until 1788, indigenous people maintained sustainable land use in Australia. With the arrival of English settlers land use was primarily agricultural, until the industrialization that occurred in response to a great influx of immigrants after World War II. Environmental health responsibility resides with states and territories. A review of air, water, and soil pollution problems is presented, and measures taken by the government to counteract and prevent environmental degradation are outlined. New Zealand promotes its reputation as a clean and green country. However, the country has the same problems with ozone depletion that Australia has. The Maoris, who have lived in New Zealand 1000 years a have a long standing commitment to environmental conservation. During the 1960s and 1970s, there was a brief effort to establish large industries in New Zealand, and the resulting pollution problems were handled by a ministry for the environment. Sustainability became an official national goal with passage of the Resource Management Act of 1991. A brief discussion of air and water pollution problems is presented. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ziegler, Jan AU - Callan, Philip Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 902 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE KW - SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT KW - AUSTRALIA KW - NEW ZEALAND KW - ENV MANAGEMENT, NON US KW - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE KW - WATER POLLUTION KW - HEALTH, ENV KW - ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14391576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Sustaining+Health+in+the+Southern+Hemisphere&rft.au=Ziegler%2C+Jan%3BCallan%2C+Philip&rft.aulast=Ziegler&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=902&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV MANAGEMENT, NON US; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT; WATER POLLUTION; AUSTRALIA; NEW ZEALAND; HEALTH, ENV; ENV PROBLEMS, GENERAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Effects in a Casual Sample of Immigrants to Israel from Areas Contaminated by the Chernobyl Explosion AN - 14390742; 10508599 AB - After the Chernobyl contamination incident, more than 1500 immigrants to Israel from the former USSR were surveyed by questionnaire and physical examination. Two groups of immigrants were formed, according to the amount of cesium 137 contamination of soil in their former homes. Body burdens of super(137)Cs confirmed the groupings. A third group of 55 liquidators, worked at Chernobyl after the accident, and self reported higher incidence of health complaints and hypertension. Children from communities with greater exposure had higher rates of asthma and other health complaints. In utero exposed children had asthma rates that were eight times normal. Hypertension rates were higher in older adults from areas of greater exposure. Exposure to radiation from the Chernobyl accident resulted in several health affects that were not associated with malignancy. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kordysh, Ella A AU - Goldsmith, John R AU - Quastel, Michael R AU - Poljak, Svetlana AU - Merkin, Ludmilla AU - Cohen, Rachel AU - Gorodischer, Rafael Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - Oct 1995 SP - 936 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - ISRAEL KW - CESIUM 137 KW - SURVEYS KW - CHERNOBYL KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS KW - ASTHMA KW - USSR KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14390742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+in+a+Casual+Sample+of+Immigrants+to+Israel+from+Areas+Contaminated+by+the+Chernobyl+Explosion&rft.au=Kordysh%2C+Ella+A%3BGoldsmith%2C+John+R%3BQuastel%2C+Michael+R%3BPoljak%2C+Svetlana%3BMerkin%2C+Ludmilla%3BCohen%2C+Rachel%3BGorodischer%2C+Rafael&rft.aulast=Kordysh&rft.aufirst=Ella&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=936&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; POPULATION SAMPLING; SOIL CONTAMINATION; ISRAEL; CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; ASTHMA; SURVEYS; CESIUM 137; USSR; CHERNOBYL ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Common Sense Government. Works Better and Costs Less. Third Report of the National Performance Review. AN - 62663193; ED387065 AB - This publication reports on the progress of the Clinton Administration's effort to reinvent the Federal government bureaucracy and how it operates and serves citizens. Part 1, "A Government that Makes Sense," describes the progress that reinventing government has made and reviews the context in which the initiative was launched including analysis of how the Federal government became too bureaucratic and why it failed to keep up with technological advances. Part 2, "Getting Results," describes how the reinventing effort has tried to get results rather than focus on rules through regulatory overhaul. It describes specific examples of regulatory simplification and creative responses to getting services to citizens more effectively. Part 3, "Putting Customers First," describes the effort to learn what those who use government agencies want and to change services to meet customer desires. Part 4, "Getting Our Money's Worth," describes how this initiative has worked to manage money and other assets well and save significantly toward reducing the federal deficit through eliminating unnecessary programs, improving purchasing, and holding agencies accountable. The concluding Part reflects on the place of trust and personal responsibility in good government. Appendixes contain information on the status of the recommendations, new recommendations, regulatory reform efforts, summary of savings, and executive and legislative actions taken. (Each chapter contains reference notes.) (JB) AU - Gore, Al Y1 - 1995/09/07/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Sep 07 SP - 163 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Clinton Administration KW - Customer Services KW - National Performance Review KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Aid KW - Institutional Administration KW - Government Role KW - Higher Education KW - Federal Government KW - Efficiency KW - Public Agencies KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Cost Effectiveness KW - Federal Regulation KW - Change Strategies KW - Organizational Effectiveness KW - Organizational Change UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62663193?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For related documents, see ED 379 992 and ED 384 2 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Is It Working? Self-Help Guide for Evaluating Vocational and Adult Education Programs. AN - 62670584; ED394012 AB - This guide, which was adapted from a 1987 evaluation guide for bilingual vocational training, is intended for directors, staff, and evaluators of local adult and vocational education programs. It presents an overall framework that program staff and evaluators can use to help establish the scope of their evaluations and meet their local evaluation needs. The guide consists of a brief introduction and seven sections devoted to the following topics: evaluation process and plans, evaluation framework program environment, program participants, program implementation, program outcomes, and presentation of findings. The materials presented in each section are intended to provide direction for planning relevant evaluations that meet the unique needs of local programs. A compendium of evaluation questions that may be used as a foundation for structuring a local evaluation is provided. Specific guidance for conducting the various data collection activities entailed in a comprehensive program evaluation is given. Appended are seven sample data collection forms (student intake form, program profile, student instructional status/attendance form, initial job placement information form, student and employer follow-up questionnaires, and job placement follow-up questionnaire) and guidelines for measuring the English language proficiency of limited-English-proficient adults. (MN) AU - Fleischman, Howard L. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 78 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485576 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Administrators KW - Questionnaires KW - Guidelines KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Models KW - Correctional Education KW - Evaluation Methods KW - Records (Forms) KW - Technical Writing KW - Program Implementation KW - Program Evaluation KW - Data Collection KW - Vocational Education KW - Limited English Speaking KW - Data Analysis KW - Participant Characteristics KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62670584?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Libraries in the United States: 1993. E.D. TABS. AN - 62669334; ED387148 AB - The tables in this report summarize information about public libraries in fiscal year 1993. These data were collected through the sixth Public Libraries Survey. Respondents for this census were the 8,929 public libraries identified in the 50 states and District of Columbia, by state library agencies. Over 71% of the population of legally served areas in the United States were served by fewer than 11% of public libraries; 1,454 public libraries (over 16%) reported one or more branch library outlets, with a total of 7,017; total operating expenditures for public libraries were over $4.7 billion in 1993; libraries reported a total of nearly 111,945 paid full-time equivalent (FTE) staff; and total nationwide circulation of library materials was nearly 1.6 billion, or 6.5 per capita. The report begins by presenting highlights of the findings. The introduction then describes the terminology used in the document; the universe represented by the data; data collection and use of the technology; and quality review of the data. Also included are caveats for using the data; information on ordering machine readable data and publications; and a source for further information on public library statistics. The data are presented in 19 sets of tables, which make up the major part of this report. Data is provided on staffing; operating income and expenditures; type of governance; type of administrative structure; size of collection; and service measures such as reference transactions; public service hours; interlibrary loan; circulation; and library visits. Appendices include background of the Federal-State Cooperative System (FSCS), a glossary, and a list of states with overlapping population of legal service area. (MAS) Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 161 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160483085 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Library Statistics KW - Library Collections KW - Public Libraries KW - National Surveys KW - Library Services KW - Library Circulation KW - Library Expenditures KW - State Libraries KW - Library Surveys KW - Library Funding KW - Reference Services KW - Branch Libraries KW - Interlibrary Loans KW - Nonprint Media UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62669334?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1992 report, see ED 374 810. Prepared for N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The Art and Science of Audio Book Production. AN - 62668769; ED393455 AB - The diverse skills and technologies necessary to achieve high levels of artistic and technical quality in audio book production are called audio book art and science. This document explains the principles of audio book art and science and is divided into three sections: "Communication Art in Audio Book Production,""Science in Audio Book Production," and "Position Descriptions for Audio Book Production Staff." The first section focuses on narration as a communication art. Voice, speech, language, and narration skill are highlighted as the primary components of narration. The physical, mental, and artistic enhancing factors of narration are described and the importance of correct pronunciation is noted. A list of criteria for evaluating an audio book original master recording follows. The next section discusses narration and host environments, ideal ventilation and quality of lighting, and specifications for original master recordings and running masters (composite recordings made from two consecutive original masters). Examples of quality assurance and quality control methods are also provided. The last section describes the purpose, amount of supervision received, requirements, and responsibilities for the narrator, monitor, and reviewer. (AEF) Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 17 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Occupational Information KW - Speech Skills KW - Production Techniques KW - Language Skills KW - Audio Equipment KW - Talking Books KW - Communication (Thought Transfer) KW - Audiotape Recordings KW - Narration KW - Quality Control KW - Nonprint Media UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62668769?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Pilot Standard National Course Classification System for Secondary Education, 1995. [Diskette.] AN - 62668653; ED392854 AB - Presents an "infobase" version of "A Pilot Standard National Course Classification System for Secondary Education" to allow users to browse, search, annotate, print, and export information electronically. This publication is the culmination of a major effort to help establish common terminology, descriptions, and a coding structure for course information at the secondary level. It provides a framework for the standardization of information that reflects current practice. The proposed classification system is an outcome of the commitment of NCES to facilitate the collection, reporting, and use of high quality education information. Instructions for installation and use, including system requirements, are presented. (SLD) AU - Malitz, Gerald Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Standardization KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Course Evaluation KW - Databases KW - Coding KW - Classification KW - Definitions KW - Pilot Projects KW - Data Collection KW - Courses KW - Educational Research KW - Secondary Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62668653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=A+Pilot+Standard+National+Course+Classification+System+for+Secondary+Education%2C+1995.+%5BDiskette.%5D&rft.au=Malitz%2C+Gerald&rft.aulast=Malitz&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - SuppNotes - Three diskettes in Folio VIP version for Windows 3 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Learning To Work: Making the Transition from School to Work. AN - 62666305; ED387594 AB - The Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources and the House Committee on Education and Labor (now the House Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities) asked the Office of Technology Assessment to examine the potential opportunities and possible pitfalls of work-based learning that would be supported by the School to Work Opportunities Act (STWOA). Three main questions are addressed: (1) What are the alternative models of work-based learning and how effective are they? (2) What new learning technologies could support work-based learning? and (3) How can employers be persuaded to provide work-based learning experiences for students? This report assesses the potential of work-based learning as a component of the school-to-work transition systems that are currently being developed in many states and local school districts. Chapter 1 reports the findings about work-based learning and the STWOA. Chapter 2 discusses the history of work-based learning in the United States as well as problems with school-to-work transitions and provides an overview of STWOA. Chapter 3 describes and analyzes the apparent advantages and disadvantages of five learning processes that can be used in work settings: experiential learning, work-group learning, mentoring, workplace instruction, and technology-assisted learning. Chapter 4 discusses various ways that work-based learning can be structured with respect to the following: the types of students who are served; the program objectives; the coordination with schooling; the timing, intensity, duration, and progression of work-based experiences; the settings of work-based learning; and the issue of payment for students. Chapter 5 describes various models of school-to-work transition programs with work-based learning and summarizes the evidence on their effectiveness. These models are youth apprenticeships, clinical training, cooperative education, school-to-apprenticeship programs, school-based enterprises, and career academies. Chapter 6 considers the factors that influence whether or not employers will participate in work-based learning programs. (YLB) Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 122 PB - New Orders, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (stock no. 052-003-01439-4: $7; U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - OTA-EHR-637 KW - School to Work Opportunities Act 1994 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Educational Legislation KW - School Business Relationship KW - Secondary Education KW - Mentors KW - Work Experience Programs KW - Corporate Support KW - Federal Legislation KW - Apprenticeships KW - Cooperative Education KW - Experiential Learning KW - Career Academies KW - Vocational Education KW - Educational Technology KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62666305?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Report to Congress on Out-of-Wedlock Childbearing. AN - 62665543; ED398317 AB - This report summarizes the current status and trends in nonmarital childbearing in the United States, and presents a series of supplemental papers by experts from social science disciplines. "Nonmarital Childbearing in the United States" (Kristin A. Moore) introduces the topic, indicating that nearly a third of all births in the country occurred outside of marriage in 1993. However, Americans are not having more babies; they are having fewer marriages. "The Demography of Out-of-Wedlock Childbearing" (Stephanie J. Ventura, Christine A. Bachrach, Laura Hill, Kelleen Kaye, Pamela Holcomb, and Elisa Koff) provides the statistics that support the discussion. The following expert papers provide commentary on aspects of the situation: (1) "The Retreat from Marriage and the Rise in Nonmarital Fertility" (Daniel T. Lichter); (2) "Family Structure and Nonmarital Fertility: Perspectives from Ethnographic Research" (Linda M. Burton); (3) "The Effect of the Welfare System on Nonmarital Childbearing" (Robert A. Moffitt); (4) "How Nonmarital Childbearing Is Affected by Neighborhoods, Marital Opportunities and Labor-Market Conditions" (Greg J. Duncan); (5) "Access to and Utilization of Preventative Services: Implications for Nonmarital Childbearing" (Martha R. Burt); (6) "Attitudes, Values, and Norms Related to Nonmarital Fertility" (Arland Thornton); (7) "Risk Factors for Adolescent Nonmarital Childbearing" (Brent C. Miller); (8) "The Consequences of Nonmarital Childbearing for Women, Children, and Society" (Sara S. McLanahan); and (9) "Strategies To Reduce Nonmarital Childbearing" (Theodora Doms). Appendixes present data tables and tables of fertility ratios. (Contains 68 figures, 58 references, 28 appendix tables, 4 tables, and 1 chart in the expert papers.) (SLD) Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 302 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160483328 KW - Single Parents KW - Unmarried Parents KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Births to Single Women KW - Early Parenthood KW - Birth Rate KW - Pregnancy KW - Demography KW - Marital Status KW - Cohabitation KW - Urban Youth KW - Social Problems KW - Population Trends KW - Tables (Data) KW - One Parent Family KW - Trend Analysis KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62665543?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Reproduction of Copyrighted Works by Educators and Librarians. Circular 21. [Revised]. AN - 62658061; ED396770 AB - The documentary materials collected in this booklet deal with reproduction of copyrighted works by educators, librarians, and archivists for a variety of uses, including reproduction for teaching in educational institutions at all levels and reproduction by libraries and archives for purposes of study, research, interlibrary exchanges, and archival preservation. Under the copyright law, reproduction can take either of two forms: the making of copies by photocopying, making microform reproductions, videotaping, or any other method of duplicating visually-perceptible material; and the making of phonorecords by duplicating sound recordings, taping off the air, or any other method of recapturing sounds. The documentary materials in this booklet are reprints or excerpts from six sources: (1) the Copyright Act of October 19, 1976; (2) the Senate Report (1975); (3) the House Report (1976); (4) the Conference Report (1976); (5) the Congressional Debates (excerpts from the "Congressional Record" of September 22, 1976); and (6) Copyright Office Regulations. (Author/SWC) Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 27 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Fair Use (Copyrights) KW - Librarians KW - Federal Legislation KW - Reprography KW - Copyrights KW - Federal Regulation KW - Videotape Recordings KW - Teachers KW - Archives KW - Legal Responsibility KW - Microforms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62658061?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the 1978 edition, see ED 244 642. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Risks to Students in School. AN - 62541826; ED399669 AB - Every day, school-aged children encounter a wide variety of hazards that occur both outside and inside schools. This document presents findings of a report that examined the scientific data on the risks for student injury and illness in the school environment. The information is designed to help administrators set priorities for reducing risks to students. The report focuses on the risks that students between 5 to 18 years old encounter while they are at school, on the school grounds, at school-related activities, and traveling to and from school. Key findings include: (1) The two leading causes of death in school-aged children are motor vehicles and firearms; however, relatively few of these deaths occur in schools or on school buses; (2) quite often, the relative safety of schools, on a national average basis, is unknown; and (3) schools contribute to the risks of injury or illness in school-aged children; however, little is known about schools' contribution to nonfatal illness and injury. Finally, national data, particularly for environmental hazards, were usually inadequate to assess the risks to students. Data are presented for incidence of unintentional injuries, including playground-related, school-athletics, transportation, school-bus-related, pedestrian injuries, along with data for intentional injuries, including school-associated violent deaths and weapons. Information is presented for illness caused by environmental hazards, such as asbestos and lead, and for those that arise from exposure to infectious agents. Suggestions for comparing and managing risks are offered. References accompany each chapter. Eight figures and 35 tables are included. (LMI) Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 221 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - OTA-ENV-633 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Communicable Diseases KW - Death KW - Physical Environment KW - Injuries KW - Hazardous Materials KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - School Safety KW - Radiation Effects KW - Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62541826?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occasions to educate an environmentally responsible citizenry AN - 50106681; 1995-066725 JF - Journal of Geological Education AU - Schneiderman, Jill S Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 422 EP - 423 PB - National Association of Geology Teachers, Lawrence, KS VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0022-1368, 0022-1368 KW - water KW - United States KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - Federal Land Policy and Management Act KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - education KW - Earth Day KW - Clean Air Act KW - future KW - Clean Water Act KW - air KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50106681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geological+Education&rft.atitle=Occasions+to+educate+an+environmentally+responsible+citizenry&rft.au=Schneiderman%2C+Jill+S&rft.aulast=Schneiderman&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Geological+Education&rft.issn=00221368&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - KS N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGEEA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; Clean Air Act; Clean Water Act; Earth Day; education; Federal Land Policy and Management Act; future; legislation; pollution; Safe Drinking Water Act; United States; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of a possible association of urban air toxics and asthma. AN - 21345287; 7698872 AB - The prevalence of asthma, measured either as the frequency of hospital admissions or number of deaths attributed to asthma, has increased over the last 15 to 20 years. Rapid increases in disease prevalence are more likely to be attributable to environmental than genetic factors. Inferring from past associations between air pollution and asthma, it is feasible that changes in the ambient environment could contribute to this increase in morbidity and mortality. Scientific evaluation of the links between air pollution and the exacerbation of asthma is incomplete, however. Currently, criteria pollutants [SOx, NOx, O3, CO, Pb, particulate matter (PM10)] and other risk factors (exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, volatile organic compounds, etc.) are constantly being evaluated as to their possible contributions to this situation. Data from these studies suggest that increases in respiratory disease are associated with exposures to ambient concentrations of particulate and gaseous pollutants. Similarly, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, also a mixture of particulate and gaseous air toxics, has been associated with an increase in asthma among children. In addition, current associations of adverse health effects with existing pollution measurements are often noted at concentrations below those that produce effects in controlled animal and human exposures to each pollutant alone. These findings imply that adverse responses are augmented when persons are exposed to irritant mixtures of particles and gases and that current measurements of air pollution are, in part, indirect in that the concentrations of criteria pollutants are acting as surrogates of our exposure to a complex mixture. Other irritant air pollutants, including certain urban air toxics, are associated with asthma in occupational settings and may interact with criteria pollutants in ambient air to exacerbate asthma. An evaluation of dose-response information for urban air toxics and biological feasibility as possible contributors to asthma is therefore needed. However, this evaluation is compounded by a lack of information on the concentrations of these compounds in the ambient air and their effects on asthma morbidity and mortality. Through an initial review of the current toxicological literature, we propose a tentative list of 30 compounds that could have the highest impact on asthma and respiratory health. These compounds were selected based on their ability to induce or exacerbate asthma in occupational and nonoccupational settings, their allergic potential and ability to react with biological macromolecules, and lastly, their ability to irritate the respiratory passages. We recommend better documentation of exposure to these compounds through routine air sampling and evaluation of total exposure and further evaluation of biological mechanisms through laboratory and epidemiological studies directed specifically at the role these substances play in the induction and exacerbation of asthma. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Leikauf, G D AU - Kline, S AU - Albert, R E AU - Baxter, C S AU - Bernstein, D I AU - Buncher, C R AD - Department of Environmental Health, Physiology/Biophysics and Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267-0056, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 253 EP - 271 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Feasibility studies KW - Pollution effects KW - Particulates KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Lead KW - Morbidity KW - Dose-response effects KW - Air sampling KW - Mortality KW - Asthma KW - Children KW - Air pollution KW - Gases KW - Passive smoking KW - Reviews KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Hospitals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21345287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+a+possible+association+of+urban+air+toxics+and+asthma.&rft.au=Leikauf%2C+G+D%3BKline%2C+S%3BAlbert%2C+R+E%3BBaxter%2C+C+S%3BBernstein%2C+D+I%3BBuncher%2C+C+R&rft.aulast=Leikauf&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Respiratory diseases; Asthma; Air pollution; Particulates; Mortality; Morbidity; Passive smoking; Lead; Pollution effects; Hospitals; Air sampling; Gases; Reviews; Dose-response effects; Volatile organic compounds; Feasibility studies; Children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Communicating with the public on issues of science and public health. AN - 21271960; 11701701 AB - Abstract not available. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Carpenter, D O AD - Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health and School of Public Health, Albany 12201-0509, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 127 EP - 130 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Public health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21271960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Communicating+with+the+public+on+issues+of+science+and+public+health.&rft.au=Carpenter%2C+D+O&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarkers and pediatric environmental health. AN - 21270414; 11701704 AB - It is now possible to identify biochemical and/or cellular changes in humans due to exposure to an environmental toxin. These changes are called biomarkers and are currently used in research studies to identify individuals exposed to specific toxic substances. Advances in the field of biomarker technology may have important implications for the detection, prevention, and treatment of certain diseases in children. This technology may enable physicians to screen children who have no clinically detectable illness for evidence of exposure to specific toxins. Such information could lead to implementation of preventive measures and development of new therapeutic strategies. However, several important issues, including potential adverse consequences resulting from the widespread use of this technology, must be considered prior to its utilization within a clinical setting. Leaders of the pediatric and public health communities should recognize the paucity of scientific data in the pediatric environmental health area, and new approaches to this important aspect of child health should be developed. This article will address several of the issues involved in pediatric environmental health and consider questions that should be answered as the potential for technology transfer becomes a reality. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lubin, B AU - Lewis, R AD - Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, CA 94609, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 99 EP - 104 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Biochemistry KW - Toxic substances KW - prevention KW - Environmental health KW - Technology transfer KW - Children KW - Toxins KW - Technology KW - Public health KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biomarkers+and+pediatric+environmental+health.&rft.au=Lubin%2C+B%3BLewis%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lubin&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioindicators; Toxic substances; Biochemistry; prevention; Environmental health; Technology transfer; Children; Toxins; Public health; Technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children--unique and vulnerable. Environmental risks facing children and recommendations for response. AN - 21263082; 11701699 AB - Children may be more susceptible to exposures to environmental toxins than adults and may be more vulnerable to their effects. Because of this, the health care community and those responsible for children need to be alert to possible environmental factors in identifying and responding to the health problems of children. Their focus should be on the causes of the health problem, emphasizing environmental sources, and not on simply treating the symptoms. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 13 EP - 18 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - health problems KW - environmental factors KW - Health care KW - vulnerability KW - Children KW - Toxins KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Children--unique+and+vulnerable.+Environmental+risks+facing+children+and+recommendations+for+response.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - health problems; environmental factors; Health care; vulnerability; Children; Toxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor air pollution and childhood asthma: effective environmental interventions. AN - 21262126; 11701705 AB - Exposure to indoor air pollutants such as tobacco smoke and dust mites may exacerbate childhood asthma. Environmental interventions to reduce exposures to these pollutants can help prevent exacerbations of the disease. Among the most important interventions is the elimination of environmental tobacco smoke from the environments of children with asthma. However, the effectiveness of reducing asthmatic children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on the severity of their symptoms has not yet been systematically evaluated. Dust mite reduction is another helpful environmental intervention. This can be achieved by enclosing the child's mattresses, blankets, and pillows in zippered polyurethane-coated casings. Primary prevention of asthma is not as well understood. It is anticipated that efforts to reduce smoking during pregnancy could reduce the incidence of asthma in children. European studies have suggested that reducing exposure to food and house dust mite antigens during lactation and for the first 12 months of life diminishes the development of allergic disorders in infants with high total IgE in the cord blood and a family history of atopy. Many children with asthma and their families are not receiving adequate counseling about environmental interventions from health care providers or other sources. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Etzel, R A AD - Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 55 EP - 58 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - House dust mite KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Asthma KW - Intervention KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Children KW - Dust KW - Pregnancy KW - Smoke KW - Genetics KW - Smoking KW - Prevention KW - House dust KW - Passive smoking KW - Health care KW - intervention KW - prevention KW - Mites KW - Tobacco KW - Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus KW - Indoor environments KW - Infants KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262126?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Indoor+air+pollution+and+childhood+asthma%3A+effective+environmental+interventions.&rft.au=Etzel%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Etzel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Indoor air pollution; Intervention; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; Children; Dust; Pregnancy; Smoke; Smoking; Genetics; Prevention; Passive smoking; House dust; Health care; intervention; Tobacco; Mites; prevention; Indoor environments; Infants; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Age-specific oncogenesis: the genetics of cancer susceptibility. AN - 21262100; 11701703 AB - Cancer is considered to be a multifactorial disease in which a host cell is transformed from normal to malignant as a result of complex interactions of external (environmental) stimuli and cancer-predisposing or cancer-suppressing genes. Although certain chemical carcinogens and ionizing radiation are known to cause specific alterations at the level of the gene, other correlations are less clear. Not infrequently, cancer is found to aggregate in families in an apparently nonrandom fashion. It has been through the study of such families that our understanding of the genetic events leading to cancer has developed. Both common and rare tumors may occur together in familial-cancer families. Frequently, tumors occur at an earlier age than one would expect in the general population; often, multiple tumors of different organs develop in a particular affected family member. Recent advances in the genetics of familial cancer syndromes have led to the possibility to perform genetic testing on unaffected relatives who might carry a genetic defect that predisposes them to cancer. Complex ethical, social, and legal implications arise from these new technical advances. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Malkin, D AD - Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 37 EP - 39 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - Age KW - Tumorigenesis KW - tumors KW - Tumors KW - Carcinogens KW - Organs KW - Cancer KW - Genetics KW - genetic screening KW - Legal aspects KW - Ethics KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Environmental effects KW - Genetic screening KW - B 26660:Miscellaneous Oncogenes & Growth Factors KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - G 07730:Development & Cell Cycle KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Age-specific+oncogenesis%3A+the+genetics+of+cancer+susceptibility.&rft.au=Malkin%2C+D&rft.aulast=Malkin&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Ionizing radiation; Ethics; Tumorigenesis; Environmental effects; Genetic screening; Carcinogens; Tumors; Cancer; Genetics; genetic screening; Legal aspects; tumors; Organs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurobehavioral effects of developmental methylmercury exposure. AN - 21262080; 11701706 AB - Methylmercury (MeHg) is a global environmental problem and is listed by the International Program of Chemical Safety as one of the six most dangerous chemicals in the world's environment. Human exposure to MeHg primarily occurs through the consumption of contaminated food such as fish, although catastrophic exposures due to industrial pollution have occurred. The fetus is particularly sensitive to MeHg exposure and adverse effects on infant development have been associated with levels of exposure that result in few, if any, signs of maternal clinical illness or toxicity. High levels of prenatal exposure in humans result in neurobehavioral effects such as cerebral palsy and severe mental retardation. Prenatal exposure to MeHg in communities with chronic low-level exposure is related to decreased birthweight and early sensorimotor dysfunction such as delayed onset of walking. Neurobehavioral alterations have also been documented in studies with nonhuman primates and rodents. Available information on the developmental neurotoxic effects of MeHg, particularly the neurobehavioral effects, indicates that the fetus and infant are more sensitive to adverse effects of MeHg. It is therefore recommended that pregnant women and women of childbearing age be strongly advised to limit their exposure to potential sources of MeHg. Based on results from human and animal studies on the developmental neurotoxic effects of methylmercury, the accepted reference dose should be lowered to 0.025 to 0.06 MeHg microgram/kg/day. Continued research on the neurotoxic effects associated with low level developmental exposure is needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Gilbert, S G AU - Grant-Webster, K S AD - School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 135 EP - 142 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Birth weight KW - Walking KW - Toxicity tests KW - Exposure KW - Pollution indicators KW - Primates KW - Pregnancy KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Fish KW - Infants KW - Age KW - Prenatal experience KW - Environmental factors KW - sensorimotor system KW - Food consumption KW - Public Health KW - Industrial wastes KW - Industrial Wastes KW - Dimethylmercury KW - Mental retardation KW - Industrial pollution KW - Rodents KW - Methylmercury KW - Methyl mercury KW - Toxicity KW - Food contamination KW - Fetuses KW - Paralysis KW - Foods KW - prenatal experience KW - Foetus KW - rodents KW - Side effects KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - N3 11028:Neuropharmacology & toxicology KW - H 14000:Toxicology KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Neurobehavioral+effects+of+developmental+methylmercury+exposure.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+S+G%3BGrant-Webster%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Methyl mercury; Industrial wastes; Foetus; Toxicity; Environmental factors; Toxicity tests; Pollution indicators; Birth weight; Age; Prenatal experience; Walking; Food contamination; Fetuses; Pregnancy; Paralysis; Food consumption; sensorimotor system; Neurotoxicity; Dimethylmercury; Mental retardation; Industrial pollution; Side effects; Infants; Methylmercury; prenatal experience; Fish; Primates; rodents; Foods; Public Health; Water Pollution Effects; Exposure; Industrial Wastes; Rodents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of biologic markers to studies of environmental risks in children and the developing fetus. AN - 21260504; 11703606 AB - Young children and the developing fetus may be more susceptible to effects of environmental toxicants than adults due to differential exposure patterns and developmental immaturities. Biologic markers offer the potential of quantitative dosimeters of biologic dose and/or indices of biologic effect associated with fetal/childhood exposures. They can facilitate evaluation of interindividual variability in response and the magnitude of age-related susceptibilities. Thus far, biologic markers have not been widely used in developmental epidemiology of environmental exposures. Research by our group and others has seen elevations in biologic markers in samples from children and fetal tissue associated with a spectrum of environmental exposures, including tobacco smoke (active and passive), ambient pollution, and dietary contaminants. Studies also suggest that biologic markers can provide powerful dosimeters for investigating reproductive effects. Validation of biologic markers offering the greatest promise for developmental epidemiology is needed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Whyatt, R M AU - Perera, F P AD - Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 105 EP - 110 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Diets KW - Smoke KW - Toxicants KW - Tobacco KW - Children KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260504?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Application+of+biologic+markers+to+studies+of+environmental+risks+in+children+and+the+developing+fetus.&rft.au=Whyatt%2C+R+M%3BPerera%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Whyatt&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Smoke; Diets; Toxicants; Tobacco; Children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides--how research has succeeded and failed to translate science into policy: endocrinological effects on wildlife. AN - 21253445; 11701696 AB - Toxicological research became institutionalized in the United States in response to society's concern about cancer and acute mortality. Driven by risk assessment, research focused on the need for data development and the standardization of testing for regulatory and management purposes in a reactive mode. Although the research community has provided evidence for over 40 years that a number of pesticides and industrial chemicals have disruptive effects on the endocrine system, little attention was given to the evidence when determining the health hazards of synthetic chemicals because of the fixation on cancer. However, recent findings concerning the effects of a number of widespread chemicals on the reproductive success and fertility of wildlife and humans has led to the call for a proactive approach using investigative research (forensic science). Suggestions are presented to modernize the research agenda of public health institutions to meet society's needs to address the problems of exposure to endocrine, nervous, and immune system disruptors. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Colborn, T AD - Wildlife and Contaminants Program, World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC 20037, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 81 EP - 85 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - Mortality KW - Fertility KW - immune system KW - Wildlife KW - forensic science KW - Cancer KW - Public health KW - USA KW - Pesticides KW - Reproduction KW - Standards KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253445?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticides--how+research+has+succeeded+and+failed+to+translate+science+into+policy%3A+endocrinological+effects+on+wildlife.&rft.au=Colborn%2C+T&rft.aulast=Colborn&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Chemicals; Mortality; Fertility; immune system; Pesticides; Wildlife; Standards; Reproduction; forensic science; Cancer; Public health; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Observations on asthma. AN - 21251427; 11703608 AB - A review of the present understanding of asthma leads to the following conclusions: an elevated IgE is the principal risk factor in the development of childhood asthma; secondary exposure to a wide range of environmental agents (including indoor bioallergens) accounts for the variations in prevalence; prevalence (defined by a positive answer to the question "Have you ever had doctor-diagnosed asthma?") ranges between 4 and 8% in children. Black children have a slightly higher prevalence than white children in the United States, and in both races boys have a higher prevalence than girls. A high prevalence is found in Puerto Rican children in the United States. Patterns of utilization of health care resources (hospital emergency departments, individual physicians, etc.) are dependent on economic circumstances. Low-income children have higher annual morbidity (days in hospital, days off school, etc.) than higher income children and are more dependent on hospital emergency departments for primary care. Relatively little is known about nonatopic asthma in adults, although virus infections and occupational exposures play some part in its induction. There are some striking examples of asthma attack periodicity, and much may be learned from these. Hospital admissions for asthma have increased in many regions over the past 15 years; it is unlikely that this represents the increased admission of milder cases and hence would indicate that asthma has become more severe. This is likely to be a more sensitive indicator of change than mortality. Associations between indices of health effects and air pollutants indicate that these are probably playing a role in the worsening of asthma. Adverse effects related to SO2 and NO2 exposures have been documented, and fine particulate pollution (PM10) is also associated with worsening of asthma. Ozone is an intense respiratory irritant, and, together with acid aerosols, may well be playing a role in the worsening of asthma. It is not known whether any of these agents are affecting prevalence. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Bates, D V AD - Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 243 EP - 247 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Socioeconomics KW - Particulate pollution KW - Particulates KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Infection KW - Morbidity KW - Sulfur dioxide KW - schools KW - Pollutants KW - Risk factors KW - Economics KW - infection KW - Occupational exposure KW - Races KW - Ozone KW - Mortality KW - Aerosols KW - Asthma KW - Children KW - Air pollution KW - USA KW - Health care KW - Reviews KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - Periodicity KW - emergency medical services KW - Side effects KW - Hospitals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - V 22400:Human Diseases KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Observations+on+asthma.&rft.au=Bates%2C+D+V&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Aerosols; Particulate pollution; Asthma; Children; Infection; Morbidity; Pollutants; Immunoglobulin E; Risk factors; Economics; Periodicity; Races; Side effects; Occupational exposure; Ozone; Hospitals; Socioeconomics; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Air pollution; Sulfur dioxide; Health care; schools; Reviews; infection; emergency medical services; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Understanding outrage: how scientists can help bridge the risk perception gap. AN - 21250919; 11704922 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Blake, E R AD - Contra Costa County Health Services Department, Martinez, CA 94553, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 123 EP - 125 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Perception KW - ENA 18:Transportation KW - R2 23110:Psychological aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Understanding+outrage%3A+how+scientists+can+help+bridge+the+risk+perception+gap.&rft.au=Blake%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Perception ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air toxics and asthma: impacts and end points. AN - 21249703; 11704923 AB - The National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC) hosted a medical/scientific workshop focused on possible asthma/air toxics relationships, with the results of the NUATRC's first research contract with the University of Cincinnati as the point of discussion. The workshop was held at the Texas Medical Center on 4 February 1994 and featured presentations by distinguished academic, government, and industry scientists. This one-day session explored the impact of various environmental factors, including air toxics, on asthma incidence and exacerbation; an emphasis was placed on future research directions to be pursued in the asthma/air toxics area. A key research presentation on the association of air toxics and asthma, based on the study sponsored by NUATRC, was given by Dr. George Leikauf of the University of Cincinnati Medical Center. Additional presentations were made by H. A. Boushey, Jr., Cardiovascular Research Institute/University of California at San Francisco, who spoke on of the Basic Mechanisms of Asthma; K. Sexton, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, who spoke on hazardous air pollutants: science/policy interface; and D. V. Bates, Department of Health Care and Epidemiology at the University of British Columbia, who spoke on asthma epidemiology. H. Koren, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and M. Yeung, of the Respiratory Division/University of British Columbia, Vancouver General Hospital, discussed occupational health impacts on asthma. Doyle Pendleton, Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, reviewed air quality measurements in Texas. The information presented at the workshop suggested a possible association of asthma exacerbations with ozone and particulate matter (PM10); however, direct relationships between worsening asthma and air toxic ambient levels were not established. Possible respiratory health effects associated with air toxics will require considerably more investigation, especially in the area of human exposure assessment. Two major recommendations for future research resulted from this workshop and an accompanying NUATRC Scientific Advisory Panel meeting: a need for more complete individual personal exposure assessments so that accurate determinations of actual personal exposures to various pollutants can be made; and a need for field experiments utilizing biomarkers of exposure and effect to more accurately assess the extent and variability of the biological effects, if any, of individual air toxics. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Eschenbacher, W L AU - Holian, A AU - Campion, R J AD - Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center, Houston, TX 77225-0286, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 209 EP - 211 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Contracts KW - biological effects KW - Particulate matter KW - Particulates KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Environmental factors KW - commissions KW - Pollutants KW - USA, Ohio, Cincinnati KW - Ozone KW - Bioindicators KW - environmental factors KW - Air quality measurements KW - Conferences KW - Asthma KW - biomarkers KW - Air pollution KW - EPA KW - Health care KW - Epidemiology KW - Natural resources KW - Reviews KW - Conservation KW - USA, Texas KW - Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver KW - USA, California, San Francisco KW - Occupational health KW - Hospitals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Air+toxics+and+asthma%3A+impacts+and+end+points.&rft.au=Eschenbacher%2C+W+L%3BHolian%2C+A%3BCampion%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Eschenbacher&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epidemiology; Pollutants; Conferences; Reviews; Particulate matter; Conservation; Asthma; Environmental factors; biomarkers; Ozone; Hospitals; Bioindicators; environmental factors; Air quality measurements; Contracts; biological effects; Respiratory diseases; Particulates; Air pollution; commissions; EPA; Health care; Natural resources; Occupational health; USA, Ohio, Cincinnati; USA, Texas; USA, California, San Francisco; Canada, British Columbia, Vancouver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biological Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure in a Highly Polluted Area of Poland AN - 14391436; 10507825 AB - Silesia, Poland experiences high levels of air pollution from coke ovens and coal mines. Exposure to PAHs was monitored in coke oven workers, subjects residing in Silesia but not involved in the coal industry, and subjects in a nonindustrialized area of Poland using personal samplers to make a single measurement in September and February. The same individuals submitted urine samples for determination of 1-hydroxypyrene. September mean PAH levels were lower than February levels, and ranged from 2.3 to 12.3 mu g/m super(3). Environmentally exposed subjects had mean PAH levels of 0.15 and 0.44 mu g/m super(3) in September and February, respectively. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene mean concentrations ranged from 2.45 to 13.48, 0.41 to1.54, and 0.20 to 0.14 mu mol/mol creatinine for occupationally exposed, environmentally exposed, and control subjects, respectively. Seasonal variations were noted for both groups with PAH exposure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Overbo, Steinar AU - Fjeldstad, Per Einar AU - Grzybowska, Ewa AU - Kure, Elin Hegland AU - Chorazy, Mieszyslaw AU - Haugen, Aage Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 838 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - AIR POLLUTION KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - COKE OVENS KW - POLAND KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14391436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biological+Monitoring+of+Polycyclic+Aromatic+Hydrocarbon+Exposure+in+a+Highly+Polluted+Area+of+Poland&rft.au=Overbo%2C+Steinar%3BFjeldstad%2C+Per+Einar%3BGrzybowska%2C+Ewa%3BKure%2C+Elin+Hegland%3BChorazy%2C+Mieszyslaw%3BHaugen%2C+Aage&rft.aulast=Overbo&rft.aufirst=Steinar&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=838&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; POPULATION SAMPLING; AIR POLLUTION; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; COKE OVENS; POLAND; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic Elements for Environmental Justice AN - 14390857; 10507820 AB - An executive order was issued by President Clinton in February 1994 requiring federal agencies to examine and, if necessary, revamp policies to achieve environmental justice, so that environmental adverse effects are not borne disproportionately by minorities and the poor. An outline of the Department of Health and Human Services plan to comply with the executive order is presented. The six part plan includes objectives and strategies for public participation, education and training; identification of health problems; provisions for adequate medical testing and care; data collection and appropriate surveillance; research; and interagency coordination. Implementation of the plan in the Mississippi Delta Project is described. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 796 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENV JUSTICE KW - US DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES KW - MISSISSIPPI RIVER KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14390857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Strategic+Elements+for+Environmental+Justice&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=796&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV JUSTICE; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; US DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An ECO-LOGICal Way to Dispose of Waste AN - 14387454; 10507821 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Casten, Liane Clorfene Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 808 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES KW - CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS KW - HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14387454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=An+ECO-LOGICal+Way+to+Dispose+of+Waste&rft.au=Casten%2C+Liane+Clorfene&rft.aulast=Casten&rft.aufirst=Liane&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=808&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS; HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk Assessment of Environmentally Influenced Airway Diseases Based on Time-Series Analysis AN - 14381864; 10507826 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Herbarth, Olf Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 852 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SULFUR DIOXIDE KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - MONITORING, AIR KW - THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14381864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Risk+Assessment+of+Environmentally+Influenced+Airway+Diseases+Based+on+Time-Series+Analysis&rft.au=Herbarth%2C+Olf&rft.aulast=Herbarth&rft.aufirst=Olf&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 9 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SULFUR DIOXIDE; MONITORING, AIR; DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES; POPULATION SAMPLING; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; MORTALITY PATTERNS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diesel Engine Exhaust and Lung Cancer: An Unproven Association AN - 14378420; 10507822 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Muscat, Joshua E AU - Wynder, Ernst Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 812 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - DIESEL FUEL KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - DIESEL ENGINES, TRANSPORT KW - PULMONARY EFFECTS KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - RAILROAD EMISSIONS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14378420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Diesel+Engine+Exhaust+and+Lung+Cancer%3A+An+Unproven+Association&rft.au=Muscat%2C+Joshua+E%3BWynder%2C+Ernst&rft.aulast=Muscat&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; POPULATION SAMPLING; DIESEL FUEL; TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; DIESEL ENGINES, TRANSPORT; PULMONARY EFFECTS; RAILROAD EMISSIONS; LITERATURE SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electric and Magnetic Field Exposures for People Living near a 735-Kilovolt Power Line AN - 14378241; 10507824 AB - Exposure to electric and magnetic fields was monitored in 18 adults living between 190 and 240 feet of a 735-kV transmission line, and in 17 adult controls living in similar homes distant transmission lines. Exposed subjects were exposed to magnetic fields 4.4 times higher than exposure levels of controls, and a positive correlation with line loading was demonstrated. Exposed subjects also spent a significantly greater percentage of time at magnetic fields above 20 V/m, but exposures to magnetic fields greater than 78 V/m were similar for exposed and control groups. Subjects living near the transmission line were exposed to electric fields of 26.3 V/m compared to the 14.0 V/m exposure of controls. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Levallois, Patrick AU - Gauvin, Denis AU - St-Laurent, Josee AU - Gingras, Suzanne AU - Deadman, Jan E Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 832 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - MONITORING, RADIATION KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - TRANSMISSION LINES KW - SPATIAL COMPARISONS KW - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14378241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Electric+and+Magnetic+Field+Exposures+for+People+Living+near+a+735-Kilovolt+Power+Line&rft.au=Levallois%2C+Patrick%3BGauvin%2C+Denis%3BSt-Laurent%2C+Josee%3BGingras%2C+Suzanne%3BDeadman%2C+Jan+E&rft.aulast=Levallois&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=832&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MONITORING, RADIATION; POPULATION SAMPLING; SPATIAL COMPARISONS; TRANSMISSION LINES; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of Estimated Human Body Burdens of Dioxinlike Chemicals and TCDD Body Burdens in Experimentally Exposed Animals AN - 14377734; 10507823 AB - Body burdens of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and similar compounds including PCBs, other dibenzodioxins, and dibenzofurans were determined as TCDD equivalents (TEQs) and compared with body burdens induced in experimental animals using known doses of TCDD. Cancer induction occurs in the range of 944 to 137,000 ng/kg body weight in animals. Body burdens ranging between 10 and 12,500 ng/kg can induce noncancerous adverse effects in animals. In humans, 13 ng TEQ/kg body weight is found for non exposed populations. Exposure to dioxin-like compounds has resulted in human body burdens between 96 and 7000 ng TEQ/kg body weight. Humans and animals develop chloracne and CYP1A1 induction when body burdens are similar. Human development of cancer and noncancerous adverse effects seems to occur at levels within ten or one hundred times the background level found in nonexposed populations. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - DeVito, Michael J AU - Birnbaum, Linda S AU - Farland, William H AU - Gasiewicz, Thomas A Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 820 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL KW - CANCER RISK KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - LIPIDS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS KW - SPECIES COMPARISONS KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14377734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+Estimated+Human+Body+Burdens+of+Dioxinlike+Chemicals+and+TCDD+Body+Burdens+in+Experimentally+Exposed+Animals&rft.au=DeVito%2C+Michael+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda+S%3BFarland%2C+William+H%3BGasiewicz%2C+Thomas+A&rft.aulast=DeVito&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SPECIES COMPARISONS; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; LIPIDS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Staffing Data in the Public Library Statistics Program: Definitions, Internal Consistency, and Comparisons to Secondary Sources. Technical Report. AN - 62669208; ED391820 AB - This is the fourth in a series of reports evaluating the Public Library Statistics (PLS) program, an annual census of public libraries in the United States. The census includes, in addition to a full count of public libraries and their outlets, a variety of statistics about the services provided by and, the financial condition and the staffing levels of public libraries. This report contains the results of an evaluation of the definitions and internal consistency of the staffing variables and a comparison of the statistics collected for these variables to selected statistics from independent sources. This evaluation was conducted to raise specific issues for discussion among members of the Federal State Cooperative System for Public Library Data. Chapter 1 evaluates the definitions used for the staff variables, while Chapter 2 considers the internal consistency of staff measures. Chapter 3 compares statistics from the public library census to those from other reference sources for public library staffing information. Four appendixes list the variables, libraries without paid staff, and library reports and directories, and present comparisons of dataset and other figures. (Contains 70 references and 14 tables.) (SLD) Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 70 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-186 KW - Internal Consistency KW - Public Library Statistics Program KW - Staffing Patterns KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Library Statistics KW - Reliability KW - Library Personnel KW - Public Libraries KW - Library Policy KW - Library Services KW - Census Figures KW - Evaluation Methods KW - Databases KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Definitions KW - Data Collection KW - Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62669208?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Carroll Kindel, NCES Project Officer. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Services and Resources for Children and Young Adults in Public Libraries. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62655316; ED386218 AB - the findings are presented of 1994 surveys on services and resources for children and young adults (ages 12-18) in public libraries. Each survey was conducted with a different nationally representative sample of public libraries. Data was collected for individual buildings rather than for library systems. Findings indicate the following: (1) children and young adults represent 60% of public library patronage; (2) 30% of public librarians specialize in youth services; (3) 39% of libraries employ a children's librarian, 11% have a young adult librarian, and 24% have a youth services specialist on staff; (4) 30% of all public libraries have only one librarian on staff; (5) ethnic diversity of children and young adult patrons has increased over 40% in the last 5 years; (6) computer technologies are among the most heavily used children's and young adult resources in public libraries and are also the most scarce; (7) many library programs primarily target preschool and kindergarten children; (8) only 76% of public libraries report working with schools; (9) only one in seven libraries offer homework assistance programs; (10) 11% of public libraries have neither a young adult collection or section; and (11) insufficient library staff is a leading barrier to increasing services and resources for children and young adults. Survey data is provided in 21 tables and 14 figures. Appendices present survey methodology and data reliability, a list of tables with standard errors, and survey forms. (AEF) AU - Heaviside, Sheila Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 132 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-357 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Librarians KW - Childrens Libraries KW - Public Libraries KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Library Services KW - Library Materials KW - Library Surveys KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Homework KW - Tables (Data) KW - Adolescents KW - Users (Information) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62655316?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the first national survey of young adults (198 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Cyberporn: Protecting Our Children from the Back Alleys of the Internet. Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Basic Research and the Subcommittee on Technology of the Committee on Science. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62668642; ED389334 AB - This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing called to address concerns about the Internet becoming a forum through which minors can be exposed to pornographic or otherwise offensive material. It features opening statements by Congressman Steven H. Schiff, chairman of the House Subcommittee on Basic Research, Congresswoman Constance A. Morella, chairman of the House Subcommittee on Technology, as well as Congressmen Pete Geren and Curt Weldon. Testimony is included from two panels of witnesses. The first includes: (1) Anthony M. Rutkowski, Executive Director of the Internet Society; (2) Ann Duvall, President of Surf-Watch Software, Inc.; and (3) Steven Heaton, General Counsel and Secretary of Compuserve; all of whom offer background information on the nature and structure of the Internet and an introduction to screening software and other technologies that can assist parents in restricting access to obscene material on the Internet. The second panel includes: (1) Mike Geraghty; (2) Kevin Manson; and (3) Lee Hollander; who discuss the law enforcement perspective--the extent to which police and courts can restrict the activities of the purveyors of cyberporn, problematic issues in attempting legal regulation of the dissemination of information, and outlets for cyberporn-related grievances. (BEW) Y1 - 1995/07/26/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jul 26 SP - 135 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160477174 KW - Congress 104th KW - Cyberspace KW - Offensive Speech KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Law Enforcement KW - Government Role KW - Parent Role KW - Information Dissemination KW - Computer Software KW - Telecommunications KW - Child Welfare KW - Parent Responsibility KW - Pornography KW - Freedom of Information KW - Access to Information KW - Obscenity KW - Parent Attitudes KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62668642?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - No. 16. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Cyberporn and Children: The Scope of the Problem, the State of the Technology, and the Need for Congressional Action. Hearing on S.892, a Bill To Amend Section 1464 of Title 18, United States Code, To Punish Transmission by Computer of Indecent Material to Minors, before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate. One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62550587; ED400779 AB - This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing called to address pornography in cyberspace. It features opening statements by Senator Charles E. Grassley and Senator Patrick J. Leahy; and statements by Senators Strom Thurmond, Russell D. Feingold, Orrin G. Hatch, Chairman of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Paul Simon, and Herbert Kohl. Testimony is included from three panels of witnesses. The first includes: Donelle Gruff; Patricia W. Shao; and Susan Tillman Elliott, M.D.; all of whom describe experiences with pornography on the Internet. The second panel includes: Barry F. Crimmins, investigative journalist; William W. Burrington, assistant general counsel and director of governmental affairs, America Online, Inc.; and Stephen Balkam, Recreational Software Advisory Council; who discuss the role of online service providers in restricting online child pornography and a content labeling system for violence, nudity/sex, and language for recreational software and other media. The third panel includes: Dee Jepsen, executive director, Enough is Enough Campaign; Michael S. Hart, executive director, Project Gutenberg, and professor of electronic texts, Illinois Benedictine College; and Jerry Berman, executive director, Center for Democracy and Technology; who discuss the issues of censorship and determining which materials are appropriate or inappropriate for children. (SWC) Y1 - 1995/07/24/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jul 24 SP - 197 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016052623X KW - Congress 104th KW - Cyberspace KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Censorship KW - Law Enforcement KW - Government Role KW - Content Analysis KW - Computer Software KW - Child Welfare KW - Freedom of Speech KW - Pornography KW - Federal Legislation KW - Online Vendors KW - Freedom of Information KW - Access to Information KW - Obscenity KW - Hearings KW - Sexual Abuse KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62550587?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. J-104-36. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Abuses in Federal Student Grant Programs: Proprietary School Abuses. Hearing before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Governmental Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62557940; ED399904 AB - The purpose of this hearing was to probe a pattern of fraud and abuse in the Pell Grant Program for postsecondary students, focusing specifically on the IADE American Schools, a for-profit vocational school with campuses in the Los Angeles (California) area and serving primarily Hispanic students. In his opening remarks Senator Roth detailed a history of prior abuses of the program and lax oversight by the Department of Education. Senator Nunn, after summarizing a five-year series of hearings, reports, and recommendations, testified that a year-long investigation of the IADE schools had uncovered serious misconduct, abuses, and possibly fraudulent practices. He charged that the Department was not only incapable of preventing a fraudulent institution from participating in student aid programs but was also unable to detect or pursue such fraudulent activities. Following the senators' opening statements, the Subcommittee team investigating IADE schools reported its findings. David Longanecker, Assistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education, then reviewed the Department's procedures and policies, stating that oversight was being improved. The final testimony was a report from the U.S. General Accounting Office assessing the Department's effectiveness in using student aid data to ensure compliance and prevent abuses. An appendix contains the texts of the witnesses' prepared statements. 56 exhibit statements are listed separately. (CH) Y1 - 1995/07/12/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jul 12 SP - 256 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160527910 KW - Congress 104th KW - Pell Grant Program KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Loan Repayment KW - Federal Aid KW - Fraud KW - Grants KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Proprietary Schools KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Vocational Schools KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - Vocational Education KW - Financial Aid Applicants KW - Student Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62557940?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains pages of small print that may not reprodu N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Workforce Development Act of 1995. Report together with Additional and Minority Views To Accompany S.143. 104th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62766924; ED384807 AB - This congressional report addresses the Workforce Development Act of 1995 that would consolidate federal employment training programs and create a new process and structure for funding the programs. Contents include the following: a summary of the bill; background and need for the legislation; history of the legislation and votes in committee; committee views; cost estimate; regulatory impact statement; section-by-section analysis; additional views of: Senator DeWine; Senator Pell; and Senators Pell, Simon, Jeffords, and Kennedy; minority views of Senators Kennedy, Dodd, Simon, Harkin, Mikulski, and Wellstone; and changes in existing law. Appended is a letter to Senator Nancy Kassebaum from Howard Dean, Tommy G. Thompson, Mel Carnaham, and Arne H. Carlson of the National Governors Association. (YLB) Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 173 KW - Congress 104th KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Aid KW - Federal Programs KW - Program Costs KW - Cost Estimates KW - Job Training KW - Employment Programs KW - Labor Force Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62766924?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Public Library Data, FY 1993 on Disk [machine-readable data file.] AN - 62765324; ED385278 AB - The Public Libraries Survey (PLS) is conducted annually by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) through the Federal-State Cooperative System for Public Library Data (FSCS). The 1993 fiscal year survey file includes 8,929 public libraries in the 50 states and the District of Columbia identified by state library agencies. A total of 44 data items were collected for each library--33 basic data items and 11 identification items. (The basic data items for multiple-outlet libraries are provided to NCES as aggregated data.) Included are the library's name, address, number of service outlets, number of full-time equivalent paid staff, operating income and expenditures, capital outlay, and total library materials by collection type. Also included are total annual public service hours, library visits, reference transactions, circulation transactions, interlibrary loans, circulation of children's materials, and children's program attendance. The survey also collected 12 data items on each public library outlet and state library agency outlet; 11 identifying items on state library agencies, federations, systems, and cooperatives; and four data items on characteristics of the state data submission. (Author) Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 EP - 0 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Public Libraries Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Library Statistics KW - Floppy Disks KW - State Libraries KW - Library Surveys KW - Statistical Data KW - Public Libraries KW - National Surveys KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62765324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Public+Library+Data%2C+FY+1993+on+Disk+%5Bmachine-readable+data+file.%5D&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - SuppNotes - System requirements: PC/MS DOS-based system and a N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Current Funds Revenues and Expenditures of Institutions of Higher Education, Fiscal Years 1985 through 1993. E.D. TABS. AN - 62664854; ED386116 AB - This report presents 27 tables of revenue and expenditure data on the nation's accredited institutions of higher education. Data are from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) "Finance" surveys from FY 1987 through 1992 and the Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS) from fiscal year (FY) 1985 through 1986. These surveys collected information on revenues and expenditures, expenditures on scholarships and fellowships, and other financial data. Tables cover: sources of revenues and purposes for expenditures for all institutions, public institutions, and private institutions for FY 1985 through 1993; revenues and expenditures of four-year and two-year institutions for FY 1993; revenues and expenditures at all institutions, four-year, and two-year institutions by selected categories and states for FY 1993; comparison of FY 1992 and 1993 revenue and expenditures for all institutions, public institutions, and private institutions by state; revenues and expenditures of private nonprofit institutions for FY 1993; revenues and expenditures by control of institution and source or purpose for FY 1985 through 1993 in constant 1993 dollars; and consumer price index (CPI) factors for FY 1985 through 1993. The report includes a glossary and a description of the survey methodology. Two appended tables provide FY 1993 survey response rates for higher education institutions by sector and by state. (MDM) AU - Barbett, Samuel AU - Korb, Roslyn A. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 53 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481457 KW - Higher Education General Information Survey KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Educational Finance KW - Private Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Income KW - Expenditures KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Tables (Data) KW - Nonprofit Organizations KW - State Colleges UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62664854?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For FY 1984-92 report, see ED 374 726. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Profile of Part-Time Undergraduates in Postsecondary Education: 1989-1990. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62662458; ED386117 AB - This report uses data from the 1989-90 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:90) to describe the population of part-time undergraduates who were enrolled in postsecondary education in the United States during the 1989-90 academic year. It examined: (1) how enrollment status varied with a range of student and attendance characteristics; (2) differences in the composition of the part-time and full-time student population; (3) the grades earned by part-time undergraduates and the length of time they were enrolled in 1989-90; and (4) tuition costs and receipt of financial aid among part-time undergraduates. The report found that from 1970 to 1990, the number of part-time undergraduates more than doubled while full-time enrollment increased by one-third. It also found that half of all undergraduates in postsecondary education in 1989-90 were enrolled full time throughout their enrollment during the year; 36 percent were enrolled exclusively part time; and the remaining 14 percent changed their enrollment status during the year. Other significant findings are presented. Two appendixes contain a glossary and a description of the NPSAS's methodology and statistical procedures. (MDM) AU - McCormick, Alexander C. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 76 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481589 KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Undergraduate Students KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Socioeconomic Influences KW - Part Time Students KW - Academic Achievement KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - Racial Differences KW - Employment KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Tuition KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Proprietary Schools KW - Sex Differences KW - Full Time Students KW - Enrollment KW - Universities KW - Age Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62662458?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Schools and Staffing in the United States: Selected Data for Public and Private Schools, 1993-94. Schools and Staffing Survey. E.D. TABS. AN - 62660877; ED387534 AB - This report on the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) of the National Center for Education Statistics presents survey estimates for data on public and private schools, school principals, and teachers. Data reported for schools include particular programs or services offered, number of schools with students receiving Chapter 1 services or free or reduced-price lunch, and graduation and college application rates. Data reported for principals include educational level, experience, and salary. Similar data are reported for teachers, along with data on the number and percentage of continuing and newly hired full-time equivalent teachers. The approximately 81,000 public schools and 26,000 private schools in the survey account for about 76% and 24% respectively of the almost 107,000 schools in the United States in 1993-94. About 41.6 million children, about 89%, were enrolled in the public schools, and about 5 million were in private schools. Ten sections of Technical Notes present information about survey methodology. Twenty-six tables in the text and 26 standard error tables in Appendix A present survey findings. (SLD) AU - Bobbitt, Sharon A. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 95 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481562 KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - College Bound Students KW - Research Methodology KW - Principals KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Elementary School Teachers KW - Secondary School Teachers KW - Public Schools KW - Academic Aspiration KW - Enrollment KW - Compensatory Education KW - Educational Background KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62660877?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Teacher Supply, Teacher Qualifications, and Teacher Turnover: 1990-91. Schools and Staffing Survey. AN - 62660871; ED388709 AB - This report deals with the supply of and demand for elementary and secondary school teachers in the United States, using data from the Schools and Staffing Survey of the National Center for Education Statistics. There is considerable concern over whether the United States will experience shortages of teachers in the coming years as student enrollments rise and demand for teachers increases. In 1990-91, the year of the survey, there were multiple and diverse sources of new teachers, including re-entrants into teaching. Over half of all secondary school teachers had master's degrees, but many taught in areas other than the one in which they had trained, with out-of-field teaching especially common in private schools. This analysis focuses on the levels of training teachers had in the subjects they taught, based on the premise that adequate staffing requires teachers at the high school level to hold at least a college minor in the fields they teach. Most of the newly hired were teachers who had moved or transferred from other schools. Between 1990-91 and 1991-92, there was an overall teacher turnover rate of 13%. Fifty-five percent of those who left, left teaching altogether. Ten tables and six figures in the text display survey findings. An appendix contains standard errors for six of the text tables. (Contains 75 references.) (SLD) AU - Ingersoll, Richard M. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 89 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-744 KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teaching (Occupation) KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - Elementary School Teachers KW - Occupational Mobility KW - Secondary School Teachers KW - Teacher Employment KW - Labor Turnover KW - Public Schools KW - Employment Patterns KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Private Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62660871?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Compilation of Federal Education Laws. Volume III--Higher Education, As Amended through June 1995. Prepared for the Use of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities of the U.S. House of Representatives and for the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. [Committee Print.] AN - 62657003; ED388156 AB - This document presents the texts of selected titles, sections, and amendments of federal laws dealing with specific aspects of postsecondary education. It is divided into the following major parts: (1) "General Higher Education Programs"; (2) "Native American Higher Education"; (3) "National Science Foundation"; and (4) "Assistance to Specified Institutions." Selected titles and subsections include those from the Higher Education Act of 1965; the Higher Education Amendments of 1968, 1980, 1986, and 1992; the Morrill Acts; the Bankhead-Jones Act; the Harry S. Truman Memorial Scholarship Act; the Navajo Community College Act, the Tribally Controlled Community College Assistance Act of 1978; the National Science Foundation Act of 1950; and acts that aid Howard University (Washington, D.C.), the Herbert Hoover Memorial (California), Eisenhower College (New York) the Samuel Rayburn Library (Texas) and other institutions. Among the subjects addressed are institutional and student aid, teacher recruitment, international programs, academic facilities, graduate education, minority programs, and educational improvement in math, science and engineering. (JB) Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 688 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160473772 KW - Education Amendments 1972 KW - Education Amendments 1980 KW - Excellence in Math Sci and Engrg Educ Act 1990 KW - Higher Education Act Amendments 1986 KW - Higher Education Act Amendments 1992 KW - Higher Education Act 1965 KW - Morrill Act 1862 KW - Morrill Act 1890 KW - National Science Foundation Act 1950 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Educational Facilities KW - Federal Aid KW - Educational Legislation KW - Government School Relationship KW - School Support KW - Educational Finance KW - Higher Education KW - Educational Improvement KW - Mathematics Education KW - Laws KW - American Indians KW - Federal Legislation KW - American Indian Education KW - Universities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62657003?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-J. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Improving the Capacity of the National Education Data System To Address Equity Issues: An Addendum to "A Guide to Improving the National Education Data System." AN - 62656179; ED388708 AB - "A Guide to Improving the National Education Data System" (1990) makes 36 recommendations for improving data collection in the areas of student/background characteristics, education resources, school processes, and student outcomes. This paper uses the framework of the "Guide" to review issues raised in "Education Counts," a recent examination of the nation's capacity to measure and monitor educational change, focusing specifically on data needed to address issues of educational equity with respect to student populations. The first section discusses current equity and at-risk policy issues and the data needed to address them. The second section looks more closely at the data currently available to address these items. The third section examines limitations in current data collections for addressing equity issues, and a fourth section provides specific recommendations for ways to improve the national data system to address equity issues. Recommendations center on the creation of student-based record systems, the linkage of elementary and secondary systems, the development of new measures and indicators, and the reporting of data according to student characteristics. (Contains 10 figures, 2 appendixes, and 60 references.) (SLD) Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 46 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-781 KW - Monitoring KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Access to Education KW - Student Characteristics KW - Educational Change KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Data Collection KW - Equal Education KW - Data Analysis KW - Educational Research KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Measurement Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62656179?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - "Based on a commissioned paper by Dr. Nancy Karwei N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chinese ruby and sapphire; a brief history AN - 50881715; 2001-069627 AB - Ruby and sapphire have been reported from a number of different areas in China. The most important of these are the sapphire occurrences of Shandong, Fujian and Hainan in E China; in each of these localities, sapphires occur in alkali basalts as dark inky-blue material similar to that mined in Australia. At Penglai, on Hainan Island, the sapphires are recovered at a depth of 2-3 m, with pyrope, spinel, pyroxene, olivine and zircon; their average size is 2-5 mm, the largest reported being 35.5 ct. Some ruby and other sapphire localities are also mentioned. JF - Journal of Gemmology (1986) AU - Galibert, Olivier AU - Hughes, Richard W Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 467 EP - 473 PB - Gemmological Association and Gem Testing Laboratory of Great Britain, London VL - 24 IS - 7 SN - 1355-4565, 1355-4565 KW - mines KW - mineral localities KW - Far East KW - ruby KW - Hainan China KW - Penglai Deposit KW - history KW - physical properties KW - gems KW - sapphire KW - oxides KW - occurrence KW - Asia KW - China KW - 28A:Economic geology, geology of nonmetal deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50881715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Gemmology+%281986%29&rft.atitle=Chinese+ruby+and+sapphire%3B+a+brief+history&rft.au=Galibert%2C+Olivier%3BHughes%2C+Richard+W&rft.aulast=Galibert&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Gemmology+%281986%29&rft.issn=13554565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGEAAR N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; Far East; gems; Hainan China; history; mineral localities; mines; occurrence; oxides; Penglai Deposit; physical properties; ruby; sapphire ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asian Institute of Technologys energy program AN - 21125184; 11085199 JF - Energy for Sustainable Development AU - Shrestha, Ram Manohar AU - Professor, Associate AU - Coordinator, AD - Energy Program, Asian Institute of Technology, GPO Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 6 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier Science Ltd., The Boulevard Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB UK VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 0973-0826, 0973-0826 KW - Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Sustainable development KW - Technology KW - ENA 03:Energy KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21125184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.atitle=Asian+Institute+of+Technologys+energy+program&rft.au=Shrestha%2C+Ram+Manohar%3BProfessor%2C+Associate%3BCoordinator%2C&rft.aulast=Shrestha&rft.aufirst=Ram&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+for+Sustainable+Development&rft.issn=09730826&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0973-0826%2808%2960117-9 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Technology; Sustainable development DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973-0826(08)60117-9 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Electronic Surveillance in a Digital Age AN - 1679112669; SU00133 AB - Studies technical factors relating to communications industry compliance with Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act and related costs. AU - United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment AD - United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment PY - 1995 SP - 82 KW - Business enterprises KW - Cellular telephones KW - Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (1994) KW - Communications security KW - Electronic surveillance KW - Law enforcement KW - Satellites KW - Telecommunications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679112669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_su&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Electronic+Surveillance+in+a+Digital+Age&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Office+of+Technology+Assessment&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Office+of+Technology+Assessment&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.gpo.gov. LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Department of Justice. Attorney General; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation; United States. Federal Communications Commission N1 - Publication note - National Security Archive. Wiretap Debate Déjà Vu. Electronic Briefing Book 178, February 4, 2006, http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB178/ (previously published document) N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Background Paper ; Location of original: Available [Online]: Government Printing Office N1 - Last updated - 2015-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do Waste Incinerators Induce Adverse Respiratory Effects? An Air Quality and Epidemiological Study of Six Communities AN - 14390326; 10505549 AB - Air quality and respiratory function and symptoms were measured longitudinally and directly in populations living in the neighborhoods of incinerators in North Carolina, and the contribution of incinerator emissions to the particulate air mass in these neighborhoods was estimated. Three types of incinerators were studied: a biomedical incinerator, a municipal incinerator, and a liquid hazardous-waste-burning industrial furnace. A one-time baseline telephone survey was performed to characterize social, demographic, and respiratory risk factors, and a subsample was selected for longitudinal daily evaluation of exposures, respiratory function, and symptoms for one month during three successive years. In matched-comparisons with uncontaminated neighborhoods, no differences in concentrations of particulate matter were observed. Direct measurements of air quality and estimates based on a chemical mass-balance receptor model showed that incinerator emissions did not have a major or even a modest impact on routinely monitored air pollutants. No differences were found in the prevalence of chronic or acute respiratory symptoms between compared communities. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Shy, Carl M AU - Degnan, Darrah AU - Fox, Donald L AU - Mukerjee, Shaibal AU - Hazucha, Milan J AU - Boehlecke, Brian A AU - Rothenbacher, Dietrich Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 714 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR ANALYSIS KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - NORTH CAROLINA KW - INCINERATORS KW - PARTICULATES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14390326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Do+Waste+Incinerators+Induce+Adverse+Respiratory+Effects%3F+An+Air+Quality+and+Epidemiological+Study+of+Six+Communities&rft.au=Shy%2C+Carl+M%3BDegnan%2C+Darrah%3BFox%2C+Donald+L%3BMukerjee%2C+Shaibal%3BHazucha%2C+Milan+J%3BBoehlecke%2C+Brian+A%3BRothenbacher%2C+Dietrich&rft.aulast=Shy&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=714&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR ANALYSIS; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; NORTH CAROLINA; INCINERATORS; PARTICULATES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using Three-Dimensional Quantitative StructureActivity Relationships to Examine Estrogen Receptor Binding Affinities of Polychlorinated Hydroxybiphenyls AN - 14390248; 10505547 AB - Modified mixtures of PCBs, which are lower in overall chlorine content yet rich in ortho-chlorinated biphenyls, have been proposed as alternatives to the highly chlorinated PCB mixtures. However, the lower Cl content favors increased metabolism in biological systems. Comparative molecular field analysis involving a three-dimensional quantitative structureactivity relationship paradigm, was used to examine the unique physicochemical properties of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls underlying their estrogen receptor binding affinities and their potential estradiol equivalency. Results indicated that the ortho-substituted PCB 52 acts as an estrogenic compound, which may be manifest through a putative hydroxylated metabolite binding competitively to the estrogen receptor. Noncoplanarity may increase the steroid-like structural nature of the PCBs, contributing to the overall hydrophobic bulk structure. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Waller, Chris L AU - Minor, Deborah L AU - McKinney, James D Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 702 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS KW - QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14390248?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Using+Three-Dimensional+Quantitative+Structure%26lt%3BND%26gt%3BActivity+Relationships+to+Examine+Estrogen+Receptor+Binding+Affinities+of+Polychlorinated+Hydroxybiphenyls&rft.au=Waller%2C+Chris+L%3BMinor%2C+Deborah+L%3BMcKinney%2C+James+D&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=702&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATION; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Trace Metals in Baffin Inuit Food AN - 14387383; 10505552 AB - Levels of cadmium, lead, and mercury were determined in traditional food items collected from Qikiqtarjuaq on eastern Baffin Island, NWT, Canada. Daily metal-intake levels were calculated by multiplying the amount of food item consumed during the day of interview by the average metal concentration of the food item examined. Cadmium, Hg, and Pb were detected in 89 out of 90 food samples measured, which included ringed seal, bearded seal, narwhal, beluga, walrus, polar bear, caribou, Arctic char, sculpin, mussels, kelp, blackberries, and greens. The metal levels in many types of traditional food were higher than in corresponding market food. The average daily intake levels of total Hg for both adults and children were higher than the Canadian average value, and the average weekly intake of Hg for all age groups exceeded the intake guidelines established by the FAO/WHO. The foods contributing most to metal uptake were ringed seal meat, caribou meat, and kelp. All metal concentration data are tabulated. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Chan, Hing Man AU - Kim, Christine AU - Khoday, Kishan AU - Receveur, Olivier AU - Kuhnlein, Harriet V Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 740 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CADMIUM KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE KW - BAFFIN ISLAND KW - FOOD ANALYSIS KW - LEAD KW - MERCURY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14387383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+Dietary+Exposure+to+Trace+Metals+in+Baffin+Inuit+Food&rft.au=Chan%2C+Hing+Man%3BKim%2C+Christine%3BKhoday%2C+Kishan%3BReceveur%2C+Olivier%3BKuhnlein%2C+Harriet+V&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Hing&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=740&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t maps N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; BAFFIN ISLAND; FOOD ANALYSIS; LEAD; CADMIUM; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; MERCURY; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolism of Meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid in Lead-Poisoned Children and Normal Adults AN - 14383162; 10505551 AB - Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is an orally active chelating agent for the treatment of childhood lead poisoning. Studies were conducted in children and adults to assess DMSA metabolism. Pharmacokinetics were studied in children, and the influence of cholestyramine and neomycin were studied in adults. The cyclical pattern of excretion of unaltered DMSA in urine observed in children was typical for drugs excreted in bile and undergoing enterohepatic circulation. These data, combined with data suggesting postprandial reentry peaks of DMSA in plasma, indicated that one or more metabolites of DMSA undergoes enterohapatic circulation. The administration of cholestyramine or neomycin prevented increases in plasma DMSA after meals. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Asiedu, Patrick AU - Moulton, Thomas AU - Blum, Conrad B AU - Roldan, Erlinda AU - Lolacono, Nancy J AU - Graziano, Joseph H Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 734 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LEAD POISONING KW - METABOLIC ACTIVATION KW - CHELATING AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14383162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Metabolism+of+Meso-2%2C3-Dimercaptosuccinic+Acid+in+Lead-Poisoned+Children+and+Normal+Adults&rft.au=Asiedu%2C+Patrick%3BMoulton%2C+Thomas%3BBlum%2C+Conrad+B%3BRoldan%2C+Erlinda%3BLolacono%2C+Nancy+J%3BGraziano%2C+Joseph+H&rft.aulast=Asiedu&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - LEAD POISONING; METABOLIC ACTIVATION; CHELATING AGENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Pharmacokinetic Model of Inhaled Methanol in Humans and Comparison to Methanol Disposition in Mice and Rats AN - 14382953; 10505550 AB - An inhalation toxicokinetic model developed for methanol exposure in rodents was applied to humans, based on blood methanol data extracted from the literature. The fraction of inhaled methanol absorbed into the systemic circulation was estimated. Modeling at low- and mid-doses of methanol vapor in humans indicated that there was little, if any, difference in methanol disposition during and after methanol inhalation as compared to that after intravenous or oral administration. The model accurately predicted the decline in methanol blood concentration following removal of monkeys or humans from the methanol-exposure environment. The one-compartment methanol-inhalation model with MichaelisMenten elimination accurately predicted blood methanol concentrations after low and moderate doses of methanol vapor up to 1000 ppm. The absorption factor for exercising subjects was lower than for resting subjects. Results indicated that, following an 8-h exposure to 5000 ppm of methanol vapor, blood methanol concentrations in the mouse would be 1318-fold higher than in humans exposed to the same methanol vapor concentration. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Perkins, Robert A AU - Ward, Keith W AU - Pollack, Gary M Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 726 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL KW - SPECIES COMPARISONS KW - METHANOL KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14382953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Pharmacokinetic+Model+of+Inhaled+Methanol+in+Humans+and+Comparison+to+Methanol+Disposition+in+Mice+and+Rats&rft.au=Perkins%2C+Robert+A%3BWard%2C+Keith+W%3BPollack%2C+Gary+M&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=726&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; SPECIES COMPARISONS; METHANOL; MATHEMATIC MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenoestrogens Alter Mammary Gland Differentiation and Cell Proliferation in the Rat AN - 14382914; 10505548 AB - Mammary gland differentiation and cell proliferation were examined in rats after acute exposure to the xenoestrogens diethylstilbestrol, genistein, o,p'-DDT, Aroclor 1221, Aroclor 1254, and TCDD. Results indicated that diethylstilbestrol, genistein, and o,p'-DDT increased mammary cell proliferation and enhanced gland differentiation. TCDD inhibited cell proliferation and gland development, while Aroclor 1221 and 1254 had a slight but not significant effect on mammary gland development. It was proposed that genistein and o,p'-DDT, like diethylstilbestrol, act via estrogen receptor-mediated mechanisms to promote mammary epithelial cell proliferation and enhance mammary gland maturation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brown, Nadine M AU - Lamartiniere, Coral A Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 708 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AROCLOR KW - DDT KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - HORMONES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14382914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Xenoestrogens+Alter+Mammary+Gland+Differentiation+and+Cell+Proliferation+in+the+Rat&rft.au=Brown%2C+Nadine+M%3BLamartiniere%2C+Coral+A&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Nadine&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=708&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AROCLOR; DDT; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Promotion of Hepatic Preneoplastic Lesions in Male B6C3F sub(1) Mice by Unleaded Gasoline AN - 14382880; 10505546 AB - The possible tumor-promoting activity of unleaded gasoline in male mice was tested using the same initiationpromotion model in which liver tumor promotion by unleaded gasoline was demonstrated in female mice. The cellular basis of such promoting activity was examined by analysis of hepatocellular proliferation in altered hepatic foci and surrounding non-lesioned liver. The experimental protocol is described. Results indicated that unleaded gasoline exposure increased the size of altered hepatic foci as well as the number of macroscopic neoplasms in N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-initiated male mice. Because unleaded gasoline did not also increase the number of altered hepatic foci in DEN-initiated mice, the increased number of macroscopic neoplasms was likely a reflection of the stimulation of growth of altered hepatic foci by unleaded gasoline. The liver-tumor-promoting activity of unleaded gasoline in this study appeared to be at odds with the lack of carcinogenic activity in male mice in the cancer bioassay of unleaded gasoline. The possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Standeven, Andrew M AU - Wolf, Douglas C AU - Goldsworthy, Thomas L Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 696 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - GASOLINE KW - HEPATOTOXICITY KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - TUMORIGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14382880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Promotion+of+Hepatic+Preneoplastic+Lesions+in+Male+B6C3F+sub%281%29+Mice+by+Unleaded+Gasoline&rft.au=Standeven%2C+Andrew+M%3BWolf%2C+Douglas+C%3BGoldsworthy%2C+Thomas+L&rft.aulast=Standeven&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=696&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - GASOLINE; HEPATOTOXICITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL; TUMORIGENIC AGENTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protracted Neurotoxicity from Chlordane Sprayed to Kill Termites AN - 14381957; 10505545 AB - In 1987, adults and children living in a wooden apartment complex in Houston, TX, were exposed to chlordane sprayed to control termites. In 1994, 216 adult occupants or former residents were examined using a pretested neurobehavioral battery and questionnaires. The cross-sectional study is described. Compared to reference subjects, the exposed individuals exhibited significant impairment of both the neurophysiological and psychological functions including mood states. The most notable changes were slowing of reaction time, balance dysfunction, reductions in cognitive function, perceptual motor speed, and immediate and delayed verbal recall. It is thought that the cyclodiene interacts with the picrotoxin receptor in the nervous system, releasing excitatory transmitters and interfering with the gamma -aminobutyric acid neurotransmission system. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kilburn, Kaye H AU - Thornton, John C Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 690 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - NEUROTOXICITY KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - CHLORDANE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14381957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Protracted+Neurotoxicity+from+Chlordane+Sprayed+to+Kill+Termites&rft.au=Kilburn%2C+Kaye+H%3BThornton%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Kilburn&rft.aufirst=Kaye&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=690&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NEUROTOXICITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; CHLORDANE ER - TY - GEN T1 - Privatization of Sallie Mae and Connie Lee. Hearing on Examining Proposed Legislation To Allow for an Orderly Transition of the Student Loan Marketing Association (Sallie Mae) to Private Status...and a Proposal to Privatize the College Construction Loan Insurance Association (Connie Lee) before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62647576; ED386131 AB - The Subcommittee heard testimony from seven witnesses and statements from three senators on whether or not it is in the Federal Government's best interest to divest itself of the Student Loan Marketing Association (Sallie Mae), and the College Construction Loan Insurance Association (Connie Lee). Lawrence A. Hough of the Student Loan Marketing Association testified that Sallie Mae is poised to move away from government sponsorship, that it would remain committed to the Federal Family Education Loan Program, and that privatization plans must be designed carefully to assure approval by shareholders. Oliver R. Stockwell of Connie Lee testified that Connie Lee was ready and willing to convert to private status. Senator Dodd appeared and spoke in support of privatization. Leo Kornfeld of the Department of Education testified in support of privatizing Connie Lee and cautioned that the current marketplace needs, offset fees, and exit fees must be considered in any Sallie Mae privatization plan. Darcy Bradbury of the Department of the Treasury argued for privatization to reduce the debt that carries some perception of government support. Senator Claiborne Pell urged caution in privatization. A member of the Congressional Research Service, a representative of the Financial Guaranty Insurers, and a representative of First Boston Corporation also testified on privatization issues. Prepared statements of senators and witnesses are included. (JB) Y1 - 1995/06/20/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 20 SP - 79 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474396 KW - College Construction Loan Insurance Association KW - Student Loan Marketing Association KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Government School Relationship KW - Government Role KW - Educational Finance KW - Privatization KW - Higher Education KW - Federal Government KW - Public Policy KW - Insurance KW - Economic Factors KW - Federal Programs KW - Marketing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62647576?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Accreditation of Graduate Medical Education. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, First Session. AN - 62645302; ED388152 AB - The Subcommittee met to examine recent new standards of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) that require training programs in obstetrics and gynecology to perform and teach abortion techniques, as well as the impact of these standards on program accreditation, and the programs' and students' consequent eligibility for federal assistance. A physician representative of the Christian Medical-Dental Society testified against the ACGME standard arguing that physician conscience, individual choice, and medical discernment were ignored. Robert D'Alessandri of ACGME described how the new standard was developed and announced recent modifications that permit programs to omit this training, but prohibit them from impeding students who wish to obtain abortion training at other institutions. Edward M. Hannigan of the University of Texas at Galveston testified that the new standards were enacted to advance a political agenda. A representative of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists argued that training in induced abortion is necessary for physician preparation. Anthony Levatino of the Albany Medical Center argued that the new standards were established in response to a false perception that there is a shortage of doctors trained to do abortions. Paula Smith of the American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists testified against the new standard. A discussion that followed covered political influences, medical training, doctor attitudes, and government role. (JB) Y1 - 1995/06/14/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 14 SP - 117 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016047423X KW - Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Educ KW - Accreditation Standards KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Abortions KW - Federal Aid KW - Accreditation (Institutions) KW - Government Role KW - Graduate Medical Education KW - Accrediting Agencies KW - Standards KW - Higher Education KW - Medical Services UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62645302?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-19. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on the Nomination of George J. Tenet to Be Deputy Director of Central Intelligence AN - 1679145491; CO02041 AB - Transcribes hearing of Senate Select Committee on Intelligence about nomination of George Tenet for deputy director of central intelligence; committee votes in favor of nomination. AU - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 1995 SP - 65 KW - Biography KW - Confirmation hearings KW - Rudman, Warren B. KW - Inhofe, James M. KW - Nunn, Samuel A. KW - Boren, David L. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Baucus, Max KW - Glenn, John KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Murkowski, Frank H. KW - Tenet, George J. KW - Potts, Stephen D. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Cohen, William S. KW - Sarbanes, Paul S. KW - Rudman, Warren B. KW - Inhofe, James M. KW - Nunn, Samuel A. KW - Boren, David L. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Baucus, Max KW - Glenn, John KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Murkowski, Frank H. KW - Tenet, George J. KW - Potts, Stephen D. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Cohen, William S. KW - Sarbanes, Paul S. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679145491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hearing+on+the+Nomination+of+George+J.+Tenet+to+Be+Deputy+Director+of+Central+Intelligence&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-06-14&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Deputy Director of Central Intelligence N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing N1 - People - Baucus, Max; Boren, David L.; Cohen, William S.; Glenn, John; Inhofe, James M.; Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob"); Murkowski, Frank H.; Nunn, Samuel A.; Potts, Stephen D.; Rudman, Warren B.; Sarbanes, Paul S.; Shelby, Richard C.; Specter, Arlen; Tenet, George J. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Child Care and Development Block Grant Amendments Act of 1995. Senate Report (To Accompany S. 850), Committee on Labor and Human Resources, 104th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62745857; ED384436 AB - This report provides information on the proposed Child Care and Development Block Grant Amendments Act of 1995, which reauthorizes and amends the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990. It also makes changes in the 1990 law to give states greater flexibility in designing their child care system, provides greater emphasis on parental choice, consolidates various federal child care programs, and removes barriers to providing child care for Indian tribes. Section 1 provides a summary of the bill, while Section 2 outlines the background and need for the legislation. Section 3 describes the legislative history and committee action that affected the bill, while Section 4 contains the views of the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources in regard to the bill. Section 5 provides a cost estimate of the legislation; Section 6 contains a regulatory impact statement. Section 7 contains a section-by-section analysis of the bill, and Section 8 details the changes that the bill will enact to existing law. (MDM) Y1 - 1995/06/08/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 08 SP - 31 KW - Child Care and Development Block Grants KW - Congress 104th KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Federal Legislation KW - Government Role KW - Federal Programs KW - Day Care KW - School Choice KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Cost Estimates KW - Federal State Relationship KW - American Indians KW - Block Grants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745857?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Report submitted by Mrs. Kassebaum, from the Commi N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Ohio Job Training. Hearing on Fundamental Re-Examination of Our Programs That Train America's Workers of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (Columbus, OH). AN - 62620793; ED386540 AB - These Congressional hearings contain testimony pertaining to the future of job training in Ohio. Among the topics discussed are the following: the job training needs of selected special needs groups, including convicted felons on probation, dislocated workers, displaced homemakers, unemployed individuals, underskilled employees, disadvantaged individuals, disabled individuals, and welfare recipients; private sector and federal government roles in job training; public policies creating disincentives to seek training and employment; and cooperation between the business and educational sectors. The following are among the agencies and organizations whose representatives provided testimony at the hearings: Court of Common Pleas; Zagar, Inc.; Hollaender Manufacturing; The George Gund Foundation; Jobs Plus Employment Network; Job Corps; Centers for Independent Living; Ohio Restaurant Association; Ladders for Success; Ohio Department of Employment Services; Ohio Board of Regents; Ohio Department of Development; Ohio Department of Education; Ohio Rehabilitation Commission; Eastland Vocational School District; Adult Education Division and Postsecondary Adult Vocational Education Division, Ohio Vocational Association; Postsecondary Adult Vocational Education Division, Ohio and American Vocational Association; Springfield-Clark Joint Vocational School; and Ohio Women Work. (MN) Y1 - 1995/06/02/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 02 SP - 82 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474558 KW - Congress 104th KW - Job Corps KW - Job Training Partnership Act 1982 KW - Ohio KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Government School Relationship KW - Vocational Rehabilitation KW - Retraining KW - Educational Trends KW - Public Policy KW - Educational Needs KW - Adult Vocational Education KW - Disabilities KW - Welfare Recipients KW - Disadvantaged KW - Hearings KW - Manufacturing Industry KW - Employment Programs KW - Labor Force Development KW - Education Work Relationship KW - Financial Support KW - Womens Education KW - School Business Relationship KW - Job Training KW - Service Occupations KW - Secondary Education KW - Labor Needs KW - Correctional Education KW - Adult Basic Education KW - Displaced Homemakers KW - Statewide Planning KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62620793?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study: Estimates of Student Financial Aid 1992-93. E.D. TABS. AN - 62749762; ED384292 AB - This publication presents statistics that estimate higher education student financial aid for 1992-93 in 12 tables using data from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS). NPSAS is a comprehensive study that is examining how students and their families pay for postsecondary education. It includes nationally representative samples of undergraduates, graduates, and first-professional students, students attending less-than-two-year, two-year, four-year, and doctoral granting institutions. Tables include information that shows aid for undergraduates by source and student characteristic, by type of aid, average amounts of federal and non-federal aid, graduate and professional students receiving aid and the average amounts of aid they receive. Highlights of the report include: (1) about 40 percent of undergraduates (about 7.7 million) received financial aid from some source; (2) about 1 out of every 3 undergraduates received some type of federal aid and about 2 out of every 10 received federal grants; (3) among the 2.2 million aided undergraduates enrolled at public two-year institutions, the average amount of aid received was about $2,200; (4) among graduate and first-professional students about 4 of every 10 received some financial aid from any source averaging $8,500; and (5) about 75 percent of first-professional program students received aid averaging over $14,500. Appendixes contain 11 tables, including eight standard error tables, and description of variables used in this tabulation. (JB) AU - Malizio, Andrew G. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 43 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160480841 KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Graduate Students KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Student Characteristics KW - Grants KW - Public Colleges KW - Private Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Proprietary Schools KW - Professional Education KW - College Students KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62749762?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Health Professions Education Consolidation and Reauthorization Act of 1995. Report together with Additional Views To Accompany S.555. Senate, 104th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62747413; ED384308 AB - This report provides information on the proposed Health Professions Education Consolidation and Reauthorization Act of 1995, which is designed to reauthorize and consolidate 44 different federal health professions training programs currently authorized under Titles VII and VIII of the Public Health Service Act. It also reauthorizes a variety of other public health service programs. Section 1 provides a summary of the bill, while section 2 outlines the background and need for the legislation. Section 3 describes the legislative history and committee action that affected the bill, while section 4 presents the views of the Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources in regard to the bill. Section 5 provides a cost estimate of the legislation, while section 6 contains a regulatory impact statement. Section 7 contains a section-by-section analysis of the bill, while section 8 provides additional views on the bill. Section 9 details the changes to existing law that the bill will enact. (MDM) Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 161 KW - Congress 104th KW - Public Health Service Act KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Allied Health Occupations Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Educational Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Higher Education KW - Cost Estimates KW - Educational Attitudes KW - Medical Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747413?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Internet Costs and Cost Models for Public Libraries. Final Report. AN - 62747310; ED384354 AB - This report is the result of the statutory mandate by the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science (NCLIS) to promote activities to extend the nation's library and information handling capability as essential links in the emerging global information infrastructure. In a study to inventory the challenges related to libraries' roles in the National Information Infrastructure (NII), it was discovered that libraries had difficulty identifying and describing specific Internet costs. The cost elements, models, and worksheets presented here are intended to serve as useful guides for public libraries and communities in planning Internet connections and services. Five representative connectivity models and seven broad cost categories are identified for use by public libraries planning Internet connectivity and services. The value of this study rests more with the development of cost models, worksheets, and cost categories than with the costs represented in this report. However, the representative costs illustrate the significant variations that are possible in planning the networking permutations and configuration available to the public library community. For example, an initial one-time cost of $1,475 and a recurring annual cost of $12,635, a public library can establish a minimal level of single-workstation, text-based Internet connection. A more sophisticated representative multimedia connectivity model is described involving multiple workstations at multiple locations for a one-time cost of $266,375 and a recurring annual cost of $154,220, indicating the wide variation in cost and connectivity possibilities. The findings are intended to provide a basis for extending the benefits of advanced information services to the nation through its 9,050 public libraries. Models are illustrated through 14 figures. Two appendices provide research methodology and glossary of Internet terms. (Contains 14 references.) (Author/MAS) AU - McClure, Charles R. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 71 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481139 KW - National Commission Libraries Information Science KW - National Information Infrastructure KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Media Staff KW - Practitioners KW - Information Services KW - Worksheets KW - Public Libraries KW - Cost Estimates KW - Internet KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747310?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Condition of Education, 1995. AN - 62733430; ED383119 AB - The current status of education for 1994 is presented in the form of education "indicators"--key data that measure the health of education, monitor important developments, and show trends in major aspects of education. The 60 indicators have been divided into 6 areas: (1) access, participation, and progress; (2) achievement, attainment, and curriculum; (3) economic and other outcomes of education; (4) size, growth, and output of educational institutions; (5) climate, classrooms, and diversity in educational institutions; and (6) human and financial resources of educational institutions. The report includes the text, tables, and charts for each indicator plus the technical supporting data, supplemental information, and data sources. Information on issues in elementary and secondary education are integrated with those on issues in postsecondary education to reflect the continuity of educational experiences. An overview synthesizes evidence from both the 60 indicators and other sources on 4 important education issues: access to preschool education; trends in the achievement and attainment of Hispanic students relative to whites; progress in the achievement and attainment of women; and the cost of higher education. Appendices contain 212 supplemental tables and notes, a list of data sources, a glossary, an index, and a list of National Center for Education publications. (LMI) AU - Smith, Thomas M. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 547 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481813 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - School Demography KW - Access to Education KW - Educational Indicators KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Educational Attainment KW - School Statistics KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Ethnic Distribution KW - Enrollment KW - Educational Resources KW - Government Publications KW - Educational Assessment KW - Educational Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62733430?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1994 report, see ED 371 491. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Staff Data Handbook, 1995: Elementary/Secondary and Early Childhood Education. On Disk. [CD-ROM.] AN - 62655536; ED397066 AB - This handbook is an effort to establish current and consistent terms, definitions, and classification codes to maintain, collect, report, and exchange comparable information about staff. This effort was coordinated by the Council of Chief State School Officers under contract to the National Center for Education Statistics. It represents the best judgment of many individuals as to what data might be useful in making appropriate, cost-effective, and timely administrative, programmatic, and staffing decisions. Information is also included about designing record-keeping systems. The handbook is not a data collection system, and does not reflect any type of federal data maintenance requirements. This "infobase" version allows users to browse, search, annotate, print, and export the handbook electronically. Installation instructions are included. (SLD) Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (Stock No. 065-000-00770-3, $20; make check payable to Superintendent of Documents). KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Electronic Mail KW - Classification KW - Cost Effectiveness KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Definitions KW - School Personnel KW - Data Collection KW - Decision Making KW - Data Analysis KW - Recordkeeping UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62655536?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Staff+Data+Handbook%2C+1995%3A+Elementary%2FSecondary+and+Early+Childhood+Education.+On+Disk.+%5BCD-ROM.%5D&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - State Comparisons of Education Statistics: 1969-70 to 1993-94. AN - 62650467; ED388707 AB - This report contains information on elementary and secondary schools and institutions of higher education aggregated at a state level. A wide array of statistical data is presented, ranging from enrollments and enrollment ratios to teacher salaries and institutional finances. The report is designed to meet the needs of state and local education officials and analysts who need convenient access to state level statistics, without consulting numerous volumes and conflicting sources. Examples of new materials for this volume include: expenditures per student in elementary and secondary schools, by function; percent of students participating in federal special education programs, public school districts' sizes; distribution of college graduates by major; average public college tuition compared to per capita income; and educational and general expenditure per full time equivalent student by type and control of institution. The report reflects an extension of the prior two editions and also presents detailed analytical tables that highlight more recent data as well as annual time-series data from 1969-70 to 1992-93 or 1993-94. An attachment, "Guide to Sources," presents technical information about the sources of published information, and a glossary section of definitions is included. (Contains 26 figures and 87 tables.) (SLD) AU - Snyder, Thomas D. AU - Hoffman, Charlene M. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 246 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481287 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Educational Attainment KW - Income KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Poverty KW - State Surveys KW - Enrollment KW - Limited English Speaking KW - State Norms KW - Population Trends KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62650467?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Reconsidering Children's Early Development and Learning: Toward Common Views and Vocabulary. 95-03. AN - 62641498; ED391576 AB - In 1990, the National Education Goals were established by the President and the 50 state governors. Great attention has been given to Goal 1, dubbed the "readiness" goal: By the year 2000, all children in America will start school ready to learn. The Goal 1 Resource Technical Planning Groups were asked to suggest ways in which Goal 1 could be measured. The purpose of this document is to further amplify the dimensions of early learning and development used by the National Educational Goals Panel to measure progress toward Goal 1. The following five dimensions are discussed: (1) "Physical Well-Being and Motor Development"; (2) "Social and Emotional Development," serving as the foundation for relationships which give meaning to school experience; (3) "Approaches toward Learning," referring to the inclinations, dispositions, or styles that reflect ways children become involved with learning; (4) "Language Development"; and (5) "Cognition and General Knowledge." For each of the dimensions, a rationale; general definition; the relationship to individual, cultural, and contextual variation; and a summary are given. The report concludes with a discussion of underlying issues, implications, and action steps. (Contains 83 references.) (BGC) AU - Kagan, Sharon Lynn Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 65 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Goal Analysis KW - Goals 2000 KW - Kamii (Constance) KW - National Education Goals Panel KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - Piaget (Jean) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Motor Development KW - Language Acquisition KW - Educational Objectives KW - Social Development KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Physical Development KW - Educational Assessment KW - School Readiness KW - Educational Improvement KW - Emotional Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641498?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Goal 1 Technical Planning Group. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Trends among High School Seniors, 1972-1992. National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62641213; ED387533 AB - This report presents data from three longitudinal studies conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics. The National Longitudinal Study of the Class of 1972, the High School and Beyond study, and the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88) were all designed to assess the educational experiences and achievements of high school students. With each study cohort, the scope of the study was enlarged until the three studies came to provide a rich resource for examining changes in U.S. education in the past 20 years. Enrollment in academic programs had declined from 1972 to 1980, falling from 46 percent to 39 percent, but by 1992, it had returned to its 1972 level, and 48% of seniors were in academic programs. The percentage of seniors in vocational programs has declined from 22% in 1972 to 12% in 1992. The rebound in academic program enrollment is caused primarily by higher enrollment rates among females and minorities. Differences in achievement among racial and ethnic groups are decreasing, but social class distinctions are becoming more marked. In 1992, more students planned to go to college than in 1972, and heightened expectations for graduate degrees became apparent for all racial and ethnic groups. Five appendixes provide 44 supplementary tables and an illustrative figure, information about study methodology, and a list of publications using NELS:88 data. (Contains 21 tables, 9 figures.) (SLD) AU - Green, Patricia J. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 208 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481260 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - College Bound Students KW - Academic Achievement KW - Educational Trends KW - Racial Differences KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Educational History KW - Cohort Analysis KW - High School Seniors KW - Minority Groups KW - Social Class KW - High Schools KW - Educational Experience KW - Educational Change KW - Academic Aspiration KW - Enrollment KW - Course Selection (Students) KW - Vocational Education KW - Females KW - Trend Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641213?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Strategies for Keeping Kids in School: Evaluation of Dropout Prevention and Reentry Projects in Vocational Education. Final Report. AN - 62637646; ED385767 AB - An evaluation was conducted of a 3-year demonstration program the purpose of which was to demonstrate the efficacy of projects that included vocational education as a key component in encouraging at-risk youth to remain in or return to school. Six of the 10 project grantees, funded under the Cooperative Demonstration Program of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act, were evaluated, using process and outcome information from 12 localities. The study found that only one-third of the projects achieved significant reduction in the number of participants who dropped out of school. Projects were generally more successful, however, in improving participants' school performance and affiliation, with 10 of the 12 demonstrating increases in participants' grade point average, 7 showing reduction in number of courses failed, and 7 showing improvements in participants' perceptions of the safety of their school environment. Among the components that appeared to be critical for improving the persistence and educational success of at-risk youth are the following: (1) a smaller, more personal environment, such as that available in the school-within-a-school and alternative school environments; (2) a structured environment that includes clear and equitably enforced behavioral expectations; (3) vocational education that integrates academic education and leads to good entry-level jobs or continued training at the postsecondary level; (4) formal, ongoing coordination of the academic and vocational components of participants' high school programs; (5) a formal counseling component that incorporates attention to personal issues along with career counseling, employability and life skills instruction; and (6) personal, supportive attention from adults through mentoring or similar projects. (The report includes separate evaluations of each site, 13 tables, and 3 appendixes that report on the study methodology.) (KC) AU - Hayward, Becky Jon AU - Tallmadge, Kasten G. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 269 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Carl D Perkins Vocational Education Act 1984 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - High Risk Students KW - Dropout Prevention KW - Demonstration Programs KW - High Schools KW - Program Evaluation KW - Academic Persistence KW - Vocational Education KW - Dropout Programs KW - Tables (Data) KW - Outcomes of Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637646?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Packaging of Undergraduate Student Financial Aid: 1989-90. Postsecondary Education Descriptive Analysis Reports. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62635493; ED386083 AB - This analysis studied combinations of different types and sources of undergraduate financial aid, called packages, and showed the percentage of undergraduates receiving these packages and the average amount awarded in each types of package. The 1989-90 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:90) provided the data used for the study. Significant findings include: (1) 43 percent of all undergraduates received student aid in 1989-90; (2) 56 percent of full-time/full-year undergraduates and 32 percent of part-time/part-year undergraduates received aid; (3) the average amount of aid received by all aided undergraduates was $3,606; (4) the most commonly awarded package was "grant only" with 35 percent receiving this type of package; (5) the second most frequently awarded aid package was a "grant and loan" type with 12 percent receiving this type; (6) the largest average award, defined by type of aid, was $8,745; (7) for those who received aid, more than one-third of the independent full-time/full-year undergraduates and 18 percent of the dependent full-time/full-year undergraduates received only federal aid; and (8) seven percent of the full-time/full-year undergraduate Pell Grant recipients got the "Pell only" package while 93 percent received both a Pell Grant and other aid. (JB) AU - Lee, John B. AU - Clery, Suanne B. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 123 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-313 KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - Pell Grant Program KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Grants KW - Part Time Students KW - Full Time Students KW - College Students KW - Higher Education KW - Work Study Programs KW - National Surveys KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62635493?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared by JBL Associates, Inc. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Profile of the American High School Senior in 1992. National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62627348; ED386502 AB - The National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88) provides information about factors that influence student academic performance and social development. This report describes the experiences of spring 1992 seniors, focusing on their school environments, course-taking and tested achievement, postsecondary plans and occupational goals, and outside-of-school experiences. The typical senior was enrolled in a college preparatory program. Nine of 10 seniors demonstrated basic proficiency in reading and mathematics, but somewhat fewer demonstrated basic proficiency in science. Three-quarters of all seniors planned on continuing their educations beyond high school, and over half expected to hold a professional occupation. Over a quarter of all seniors were from racial and ethnic minority groups. Students generally reported that the quality of education in their schools was good, that their teachers were interested in their students, and that grading was fair. About half of all students worked in addition to going to school. Students participated in a variety of extracurricular activities, but reported a great deal of television viewing. Thirty-three tables and 18 figures present survey data. Eight appendixes contain supplemental information, including 13 tables of standard errors and sample sizes. Appendix H contains abstracts of analytical documents related to the survey. (SLD) AU - Green, Patricia J. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 321 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, MAIL Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160481279 KW - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - College Bound Students KW - Student Characteristics KW - Academic Achievement KW - Racial Differences KW - National Surveys KW - Part Time Employment KW - High School Seniors KW - Experience KW - Television Viewing KW - Educational Environment KW - Profiles KW - High Schools KW - Ethnic Groups KW - Academic Aspiration KW - Social Development KW - Extracurricular Activities KW - Career Planning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62627348?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Health-Risk Behaviors among Our Nation's Youth: United States, 1992. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 10: Data from the National Health Interview Survey. No. 192. AN - 62552193; ED401233 AB - The 1992 National Health Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior Survey (NHIS-YRBS) studied 13,789 youth 12-21 years of age. This report presents the data according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin. The 10 data tables cover: cigarette and other tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, sexual experience, HIV/AIDS education, runaway and homeless experiences, violence, unintentional injury control, weight control, and participation in physical activities. Analysis of the data revealed that a substantial number of U.S. youth are engaging in risk-taking behaviors that can lead to chronic disease, injury, and death. A significant proportion had smoked cigarettes (59.9 percent), drunk alcohol (67.7 percent), and used illegal drugs (31 percent). Over 60 percent of all never-married youth 14-21 years of age had engaged in sexual intercourse at least once in their lifetime; 43.9 percent had had more than one sex partner. Nearly one-half of males (48.1 percent) and 29.4 percent of females had been in a physical fight in the previous year, and nearly 1 in 4 male youth (23.8 percent) had carried a weapon in the previous month. The survey data suggest opportunities to enhance the health of youth through early intervention on the part of parents, schools, and communities. Appendices include technical notes on the survey methodology and definition of terms used in the report. (Contains 51 references.) (ND) Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 60 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - Health Risk Susceptibility KW - Health Surveys KW - Risk Taking Behavior KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Substance Abuse KW - Adolescent Behavior KW - Health KW - Secondary Education KW - Sexuality KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Tobacco KW - Health Behavior KW - Tables (Data) KW - Drug Use KW - Student Surveys KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62552193?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearings on DC School Reform. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, First Session (June 8 and 27, 1995). AN - 62547803; ED406745 AB - Hearings before the House of Representatives served as a public forum for representatives from the District of Columbia City Council, academia, local schools including the City of Baltimore, Maryland, and the private sector to share their experiences, successes, and concerns about the education of children in urban areas. The chairman of the subcommittee, Peter Hoekstra, Michigan, presided. The speakers described the problems of urban schools and some potential solutions, including the school-within-a-school arrangement, charter schools, public-private partnerships, school vouchers, age-appropriate health and sexuality education in urban schools, "mission" schools, and private management of public schools. The document contains statements, prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials. (LMI) Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 266 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160528437 KW - Congress 104th KW - District of Columbia KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Charter Schools KW - Partnerships in Education KW - School Restructuring KW - Urban Education KW - Privatization KW - Hearings KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Innovation KW - Urban Schools KW - Federal Government KW - Educational Improvement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62547803?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-52. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling organic chemical fate in aquatic systems: significance of bioaccumulation and relevant time-space scales.; Modeling organic chemical fate in aquatic systems: significance of bioaccumulation and relevant time-space scales. AN - 21263061; 11701695 AB - The importance of aquatic food chain bioaccumulation of organic chemicals in contributing to human dose is derived. It is shown that for chemicals with log octanol water partition coefficients greater than about 3, the role of food chain transfer to fish consumed by humans becomes the more dominant route over drinking water. Modeling of aquatic food chain bioaccumulation then becomes necessary to accurately estimate dose of such chemicals to humans. The relevant time and space scales for groundwater and surface water also indicate a division of organic chemicals at a log octanol water partition coefficient of about 3. For chemicals greater than that level, groundwater transport is minimal, while for chemicals with log octanol water coefficients of less than about 3, detention times are long relative to surface water and biodegradation processes become more significant. An illustration is given of modeling the groundwater transport of two organic chemicals (BCEE and benzene) and a metal (chromium) at a Superfund site. The model indicates that after 10 years only a relatively small fraction of the chemicals had traveled in the groundwater about 300 m to the point of release from the site to surface water. On the other hand, steady state in the adjacent stream and lake is reached rapidly over a distance of 2000 m, illustrating the difference in spatial and temporal scales for the groundwater and surface water. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Thomann, R V AD - Environmental Engineering Department, Manhattan College, Riverdale, New York 10471, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 53 EP - 57 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology Abstracts; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Aquatic environment KW - Ground water KW - Groundwater KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01330:Food Microbiology KW - X 24360:Metals KW - ENA 16:Renewable Resources-Water KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21263061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Modeling+organic+chemical+fate+in+aquatic+systems%3A+significance+of+bioaccumulation+and+relevant+time-space+scales.%3B+Modeling+organic+chemical+fate+in+aquatic+systems%3A+significance+of+bioaccumulation+and+relevant+time-space+scales.&rft.au=Thomann%2C+R+V&rft.aulast=Thomann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ground water; Groundwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiological attributes of microbial BTEX degradation in oxygen-limited environments. AN - 21262961; 11701691 AB - Our work has focused on the determination of physiological traits that may facilitate in situ degradation of xenobiotic compounds by indigenous microorganisms. For this our interests center on the following questions: What are the ambient conditions in a benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX)-contaminated aquifer? What is the behavior of indigenous bacteria under these conditions? What are the attributes of bacterial strains that are functional under hypoxic conditions? How do these strains compare with other BTEX-degrading strains? JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Olsen, R H AU - Mikesell, M D AU - Kukor, J J AU - Byrne, A M AD - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 49 EP - 51 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Environmental degradation KW - Aquifers KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Toluene KW - Physiology KW - Benzene KW - Xylene KW - Hypoxia KW - Microorganisms KW - Ethylbenzene KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - J 02450:Ecology KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Physiological+attributes+of+microbial+BTEX+degradation+in+oxygen-limited+environments.&rft.au=Olsen%2C+R+H%3BMikesell%2C+M+D%3BKukor%2C+J+J%3BByrne%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquifers; Biodegradation; Xylene; Toluene; Hypoxia; Microorganisms; Ethylbenzene; Benzene; Environmental degradation; Degradation; Physiology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemistry and genetics of PCB metabolism. AN - 21262057; 11701693 AB - Biphenyl(BP)-utilizing bacteria, which include both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, are ubiquitously distributed in the environment. These bacteria co-metabolically degrade a variety of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners to the corresponding chlorobenzoic acids through 2,3-dioxygenation. Certain strains degrade even highly chlorinated PCBs through 3,4-dioxygenation. The ring meta-cleavage dioxygenase purified from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 is a homo-octamer containing ferrous ions as the essential cofactor. Transposon mutants revealed that the bph-encoded enzymes possess a wide range of substrate specificity for various aromatic hydrocarbons. The bphABCXD gene cluster coding for the degradation of PCBs to chlorobenzoic acids was first cloned from P. pseudocaligenes KF707 and sequenced and then was cloned from a number of BP-utilizing strains and sequenced. Some strains possess a bph operon that is very similar, if not identical, to that of KF707. Some bph genes share homologies with different degrees. Deletion and shuffling of bph genes are also found. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Furukawa, K AU - Kimura, N AD - Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 21 EP - 23 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Genetics Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Environment Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Biochemistry KW - Degradation KW - Substrate specificity KW - Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KW - Mutants KW - Transposons KW - Genetics KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Congeners KW - Dioxygenase KW - PCB compounds KW - PCB KW - Ions KW - Enzymes KW - Cofactors KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - Homology KW - Acids KW - Gene clusters KW - Operons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Metabolism KW - J 02320:Cell Biology KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - G 07770:Bacteria KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biochemistry+and+genetics+of+PCB+metabolism.&rft.au=Furukawa%2C+K%3BKimura%2C+N&rft.aulast=Furukawa&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ions; Biodegradation; Substrate specificity; Enzymes; Transposons; polychlorinated biphenyls; Cofactors; Homology; Acids; Gene clusters; Congeners; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Dioxygenase; Operons; PCB; Metabolism; Genetics; Degradation; Biochemistry; PCB compounds; aromatic hydrocarbons; Mutants; Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reductive dehalogenation of bromoform in aqueous solution. AN - 21259955; 11701692 AB - The hybrid semiconducter-macrocycle catalyst TiO2-cobalt phthalocyanine promotes the solar photolysis of aqueous bromoform under anaerobic conditions. The major decomposition products are dibromoethane and HBr. Bromomethane and methane were produced only after prolonged photolysis (30 hr). Acetone, derived from added 2-propanol, was the only observed oxidation product. Preliminary experiments showed that electrolytic reduction of aqueous carbon tetrachloride at a vitamin B12-modified silver electrode produced the expected lower homologues but with surprisingly high yields of methane. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Betterton, E A AU - Arnold, R G AU - Kuhler, R J AU - Santo, G A AD - Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 89 EP - 91 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Methane KW - Photolysis KW - acetone KW - hybrids KW - Electrodes KW - Catalysts KW - Anaerobic conditions KW - Silver KW - Decomposition KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reductive+dehalogenation+of+bromoform+in+aqueous+solution.&rft.au=Betterton%2C+E+A%3BArnold%2C+R+G%3BKuhler%2C+R+J%3BSanto%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Betterton&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photolysis; Methane; acetone; hybrids; Electrodes; Catalysts; Anaerobic conditions; Decomposition; Silver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mathematical modeling of BTX: biotransformation and transport in the subsurface. AN - 21259934; 11701688 AB - A two-dimensional compositional model is presented; this model describes the transport and biotransformation of organic contaminants in a variably saturated subsurface environment. Modeled processes included mass exchange between constituent phases (water, air, soil, and organisms), advective and dispersive fluxes in the water phase, diffusive flux in the air phase, and biotransformation and biomass production in the biophase. In this model, solute transfer across air/water and water/solid interfaces is modeled using equilibrium relationships. Rate-limited mass transfer between the water and biophases is described with a linear driving force expression. Microbial degradation and biomass net growth are modeled by Monod-type kinetics. Solute transport and microbial growth equations are solved using an iterative Galerkin finite element method with a variable time-weighting scheme. Coupled biophase mass balance equations for each component are solved with a Newton-Raphson iterative scheme. Model capabilities are illustrated with two-dimensional, cross-sectional simulations of natural bioattenuation. The influence of biotransformation processes on the transport and extent of a toluene plume is examined. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Abriola, L M AU - Chen, Y M AD - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2125, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 85 EP - 88 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mathematical models KW - Degradation KW - finite element method KW - Toluene KW - biotransformation KW - Simulation KW - Biomass KW - Soil KW - Solutes KW - Kinetics KW - Mass transfer KW - Contaminants KW - Plumes KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mathematical+modeling+of+BTX%3A+biotransformation+and+transport+in+the+subsurface.&rft.au=Abriola%2C+L+M%3BChen%2C+Y+M&rft.aulast=Abriola&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Solutes; Mathematical models; Kinetics; Toluene; biotransformation; Mass transfer; Contaminants; Biomass; Plumes; finite element method; Degradation; Simulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation of sorbed chemicals in soil. AN - 21252419; 11701689 AB - Rates of biodegradation of sorbed chemicals are usually lower in soil than in aqueous systems, in part because sorption reduces the availability of the chemical to microorganisms. Biodegradation, sorption, and diffusion occur simultaneously and are tightly coupled. In soil, the rate of biodegradation is a function of a chemical's diffusion coefficient, sorption partition coefficient, the distance it must diffuse from the site of sorption to microbial populations that can degrade it, and its biodegradation rate constant. A model (DSB model) was developed that describes biodegradation of chemicals limited in the availability by sorption and diffusion. Different kinetics expressions describe biodegradation depending on whether the reaction is controlled by mass transfer (diffusion and sorption) or the intrinsic biodegradation rate, and whether biodegradation begins during or after the majority of sorption has occurred. We tested the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between how strongly a chemical is sorbed and the chemical's biodegradation rate. In six soils with different organic carbon contents, there was no relationship between the extent or rate of biodegradation and the sorption partition coefficient for phenanthrene. Aging of phenanthrene residues in soil led to a substantial reduction in the rate of biodegradation compared to biodegradation rates of recently added phenanthrene. Considerable research has focused on identification and development of techniques for enhancing in situ biodegradation of sorbed chemicals. Development of such techniques, especially those involving inoculation with microbial strains, should consider physical mass transfer limitations and potential decreases in bioavailability over time. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Scow, K M AU - Fan, S AU - Johnson, C AU - Ma, G M AD - Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 93 EP - 95 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Biodegradation KW - Organic carbon KW - Aging KW - Models KW - Soil KW - Bioavailability KW - phenanthrene KW - Carbon KW - Diffusion KW - aging KW - Sorption KW - Residues KW - Soils (organic) KW - Phenanthrene KW - Kinetics KW - Inoculation KW - Microorganisms KW - Diffusion coefficient KW - Mass transfer KW - ENA 13:Population Planning & Control KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21252419?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biodegradation+of+sorbed+chemicals+in+soil.&rft.au=Scow%2C+K+M%3BFan%2C+S%3BJohnson%2C+C%3BMa%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Scow&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sorption; Biodegradation; Aging; Soils (organic); Models; Soil; Bioavailability; Phenanthrene; Carbon; Kinetics; Microorganisms; Inoculation; Mass transfer; Diffusion coefficient; Chemicals; phenanthrene; Residues; Organic carbon; Diffusion; aging ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by ligninolytic fungi. AN - 21251684; 11703604 AB - Ligninolytic fungi accomplish the partial degradation of numerous aromatic organopollutants. Their ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is particularly interesting because eukaryotes were previously considered to be unable to cleave fused-ring aromatics. Recent results indicate that extracellular peroxidases of these fungi are responsible for the initial oxidation of PAHs. Fungal lignin peroxidases oxidize certain PAHs directly, whereas fungal manganese peroxidases co-oxidize them indirectly during enzyme-mediated lipid peroxidation. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hammel, K E AD - Forest Products Laboratory-U.S. Department of Agriculture, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2398, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 41 EP - 43 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Environment Abstracts KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Biodegradation KW - Degradation KW - Lipids KW - Fungi KW - peroxidation KW - Lipid peroxidation KW - Lignin peroxidase KW - Oxidation KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Manganese KW - Aromatics KW - Manganese peroxidase KW - K 03330:Biochemistry KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+for+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+degradation+by+ligninolytic+fungi.&rft.au=Hammel%2C+K+E&rft.aulast=Hammel&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Biodegradation; Fungi; Oxidation; Lipid peroxidation; Manganese peroxidase; Aromatics; Lignin peroxidase; Degradation; Lipids; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; peroxidation; Manganese ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plasmid transfer for enhancing degradation capabilities. AN - 21249878; 11704921 AB - The kinetics of plasmid conjugation for the TOL and RP4 plasmids depend strongly on the donor cells' specific growth rate and substrate concentration, both of which determine the cells' energy availability. Although transfer rates can be large when energy availability is high, normal biological processes have low energy availability. Therefore, we propose and evaluate preliminarily a simple scheme to create a small zone of high energy availability. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rittmann, B E AU - Smets, B F AU - MacDonald, J A AU - Stahl, D A AD - Environmental Engineering Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 113 EP - 115 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Growth rate KW - Degradation KW - Kinetics KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21249878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Plasmid+transfer+for+enhancing+degradation+capabilities.&rft.au=Rittmann%2C+B+E%3BSmets%2C+B+F%3BMacDonald%2C+J+A%3BStahl%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Rittmann&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Growth rate; Degradation; Kinetics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Industrialization, energy efficiency and environmental protection in Asian industrializing countries: The role of technological change AN - 15893836; 4039473 AB - Rapid industrialization in many Asian developing countries has caused an explosive growth in energy consumption and an unsustainable environmental pressure: local water and atmospheric pollution are compromising the results of economic growth with health and ecological destruction, whereas increasing emission of greenhouse gases contributes to the global climate change. The key question is how to orient this industrialization process toward a more energy efficient and environmentally sound direction in order to avoid the errors made by the present day developed countries during their industrialization period. Rapid uptake of technological innovation, fostered by a high turnover of the capital stock and a strong trade orientation, and advantages as latecomers in the industrialization process may help these countries to adopt the latest available technologies in the form of clean process innovations, thus "leap-frogging" some of the problems associated with industrialization and avoiding many of the more serious environmental impacts of old technologies. This paper focuses its analysis on the role of technological change in the greening of industrialization processes of Asian developing countries. After analyzing the technological causes of energy and environmental problems created by the rapid industrialization process in these Asian countries, the paper suggests that not only should the "end-of-the-pipe" cleaning technologies be widely promoted, but also the clean process innovations be encouraged, thus tackling the pollution problems in their roots. JF - World Resource Review AU - Chen, X AD - Energy Technol. Prog., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 289 EP - 301 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1042-8011, 1042-8011 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - energy conservation KW - technology transfer KW - environmental protection KW - climatic changes KW - industrial pollution KW - economics KW - greenhouse effect KW - Asia KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15893836?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Resource+Review&rft.atitle=Industrialization%2C+energy+efficiency+and+environmental+protection+in+Asian+industrializing+countries%3A+The+role+of+technological+change&rft.au=Chen%2C+X&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Resource+Review&rft.issn=10428011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; energy conservation; environmental protection; economics; industrial pollution; technology transfer; greenhouse effect; climatic changes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Drinking Water and Pregnancy Outcome in Central North Carolina: Source, Amount, and Trihalomethane Levels AN - 14389895; 10502983 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Savitz, David A AU - Andrews, Kurtis W AU - Pastore, Lisa M Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 592 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POPULATION SAMPLING KW - NORTH CAROLINA KW - TRIHALOMETHANE KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - WATER, DRINKING KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14389895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Drinking+Water+and+Pregnancy+Outcome+in+Central+North+Carolina%3A+Source%2C+Amount%2C+and+Trihalomethane+Levels&rft.au=Savitz%2C+David+A%3BAndrews%2C+Kurtis+W%3BPastore%2C+Lisa+M&rft.aulast=Savitz&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; POPULATION SAMPLING; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; NORTH CAROLINA; WATER, DRINKING; TRIHALOMETHANE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Xenoestrogens Released from Lacquer Coatings in Food Cans AN - 14382589; 10502986 AB - Estrogenic activity was shown in the food and liquid stored in cans with lacquer coating. A bioassay that monitors growth of a culture of human breast cancer cells was used to screen extracts of the foods, which included vegetables, milk, meat, beans, cheese, and infant formula. The hormonal activity of the extracts was traced to the presence of bisphenol A, which had leached from the coating. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brontons, Jose Antonio AU - Olea-Serrano, Maria Fatima AU - Villalobos, Mercedes AU - Pedraza, Vincente AU - Olea, Nicolas Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 608 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - FOOD PROCESSING KW - PLASTICS KW - HORMONES KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - LEACHING KW - FOOD STORAGE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14382589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Xenoestrogens+Released+from+Lacquer+Coatings+in+Food+Cans&rft.au=Brontons%2C+Jose+Antonio%3BOlea-Serrano%2C+Maria+Fatima%3BVillalobos%2C+Mercedes%3BPedraza%2C+Vincente%3BOlea%2C+Nicolas&rft.aulast=Brontons&rft.aufirst=Jose&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 9 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FOOD PROCESSING; LEACHING; PLASTICS; FOOD STORAGE; HORMONES; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Variety of Environmentally Persistent Chemicals, Including Some Phthalate Plasticizers, Are Weakly Estrogenic AN - 14381326; 10502981 AB - Of the 20 man made organic chemicals identified in sewage effluent, half were shown to have estrogenic activity. These compounds were capable of inhibiting binding of 17 beta -estradiol to the estrogen receptor of fish. Further studies with the compounds using in vitro mammalian screening techniques, demonstrated that butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) and dibutylphthalate (DBP), which are phthalic acid esters used in plastics manufacture, and butylated hydroxyanisol (BHA), were weakly estrogenic. Neither of the phthalic acid esters showed antagonistic activity, so that when endogenous estrogen would be present, cumulative effects from exposure to the compounds would be expected. Followup in vivo studies were recommended for further investigation of these ubiquitous compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Jobling, Susan AU - Reynolds, Tracey AU - White, Roger AU - Parker, Malcolm G AU - Sumpter, John P Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 582 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - FOOD PRESERVATION KW - ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - HORMONES KW - SEWAGE ANALYSIS KW - PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS KW - RECEPTOR SITES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14381326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Variety+of+Environmentally+Persistent+Chemicals%2C+Including+Some+Phthalate+Plasticizers%2C+Are+Weakly+Estrogenic&rft.au=Jobling%2C+Susan%3BReynolds%2C+Tracey%3BWhite%2C+Roger%3BParker%2C+Malcolm+G%3BSumpter%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Jobling&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=582&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 7 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - FOOD PRESERVATION; SEWAGE ANALYSIS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS; HORMONES; RECEPTOR SITES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality Study of Workers in 1,3-Butadiene Productions Identified from a Chemical Workers Cohort AN - 14381205; 10502984 AB - Thermoplastic resins and synthetic rubbers contain 1,3-butadiene, which is an animal carcinogen and a possible human carcinogen. Mortality studies on 364 occupationally exposed men were conducted. Workers were not exposed to high levels of benzene or ethylene oxide. The mortality rate of the sampled population was lower than that of the general population of the US. However, lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma rates were higher among those exposed to 1,3-butadiene. The results show that it is likely that 1,3-butadiene is a human carcinogen. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ward, Elizabeth M AU - Fajen, John M AU - Ruder, Avima M AU - Rinsky, Robert A AU - Halperin, William E AU - Fessler-Flesch, Cindy A Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 598 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - BUTADIENE KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14381205?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mortality+Study+of+Workers+in+1%2C3-Butadiene+Productions+Identified+from+a+Chemical+Workers+Cohort&rft.au=Ward%2C+Elizabeth+M%3BFajen%2C+John+M%3BRuder%2C+Avima+M%3BRinsky%2C+Robert+A%3BHalperin%2C+William+E%3BFessler-Flesch%2C+Cindy+A&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; BUTADIENE; MORTALITY PATTERNS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fertility in Mice after Prenatal Exposure to Benzo[a]pyrene and Inorganic Lead AN - 14381136; 10502982 AB - Female mice were exposed to lead in drinking water prior to pregnancy and/or benzo[a]pyrene BaP by incubation during pregnancy. Exposure to BaP, alone or with lead exposure, resulted in fertility reduction. The number of ovarian follicles was reduced in these animals. Exposure to lead alone did not affect fertility or numbers of ovarian follicles. Gestational time was increased in the mice exposed to both compounds. A nonsignificant decrease in litter numbers and size, and an numbers of offspring was noted for those exposed to both compounds. The two compounds exhibit possible synergistic adverse effects on fertility. Since human exposure to the two environmental contaminants is common, the synergistic effects of the combination should be considered. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kristensen, P AU - Eilertsen, Einer AU - Einarsdottir, Elin AU - Haugen, Aage AU - Skaug, Vidar AU - Ovrebo, Steinar Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 588 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - LEAD KW - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL KW - BENZO-A-PYRENE KW - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14381136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Fertility+in+Mice+after+Prenatal+Exposure+to+Benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+and+Inorganic+Lead&rft.au=Kristensen%2C+P%3BEilertsen%2C+Einer%3BEinarsdottir%2C+Elin%3BHaugen%2C+Aage%3BSkaug%2C+Vidar%3BOvrebo%2C+Steinar&rft.aulast=Kristensen&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=588&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - REPRODUCTION, ANIMAL; LEAD; BENZO-A-PYRENE; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethylenebisdithiocarbamates and Ethylenethiourea: Possible Human Health Hazards AN - 14378328; 10502980 AB - Ethylenedithiocarbamates (EBDCs) are used as pesticides. Human exposure to residues in food products and in occupational settings is common. Exposure to ethylenethiourea, which is a major metabolite of EBDC is common. The metabolism; analysis; animal carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity; and human exposure information are reviewed. The compounds are possible human carcinogens. Monitoring, especially of the liver and thyroid, in occupationally exposed humans is strongly recommended. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Houeto, Paul AU - Bindoula, Gabriel AU - Hoffman, Jerome R Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 568 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PESTICIDE RESIDUES KW - CARBAMATE PESTICIDES KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - THIOCARBAMATES KW - MUTAGENIC AGENTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14378328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Ethylenebisdithiocarbamates+and+Ethylenethiourea%3A+Possible+Human+Health+Hazards&rft.au=Houeto%2C+Paul%3BBindoula%2C+Gabriel%3BHoffman%2C+Jerome+R&rft.aulast=Houeto&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=568&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 102 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; PESTICIDE RESIDUES; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; MUTAGENIC AGENTS; THIOCARBAMATES; CARBAMATE PESTICIDES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Imported Seabass as a Source of Mercury Exposure: A Wisconsin Case Study AN - 14377417; 10502985 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Knobeloch, Lynda M AU - Ziarnik, Meg AU - Anderson, Henry A AU - Dodson, Vernon N Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 604 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - FISH KW - MERCURY KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14377417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Imported+Seabass+as+a+Source+of+Mercury+Exposure%3A+A+Wisconsin+Case+Study&rft.au=Knobeloch%2C+Lynda+M%3BZiarnik%2C+Meg%3BAnderson%2C+Henry+A%3BDodson%2C+Vernon+N&rft.aulast=Knobeloch&rft.aufirst=Lynda&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PUBLIC HEALTH; CONTAMINATION INCIDENTS; FISH; MERCURY; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What's Hiding Under the Sink: Dangers of Household Pesticides AN - 14377342; 10502979 AB - Household pesticides are kept and used in the majority of US households, and these chemicals are involved in 93% of the 140,000 pesticide exposures that are reported annually to poison control centers. More than half the incidents involve children. A review of the most widely used classes of household pesticides, including their activity in humans and animals, and carcinogenicity ratings is presented. Pesticide classes discussed include carbamates, organophosphates, petroleum hydrocarbons, synergists, and pyrethrins. The toxicity of inert ingredients is also briefly discussed. To reduce exposure to pesticides, baits and traps can be used, and overtreatment can be avoided. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Grossman, Joel Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - Jun 1995 SP - 550 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - CARBAMATE PESTICIDES KW - PESTICIDE USAGE KW - PYRETHRIN PESTICIDES KW - ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES KW - PESTICIDE EXPOSURE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14377342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=What%27s+Hiding+Under+the+Sink%3A+Dangers+of+Household+Pesticides&rft.au=Grossman%2C+Joel&rft.aulast=Grossman&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=550&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES; PUBLIC HEALTH; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; CARBAMATE PESTICIDES; PYRETHRIN PESTICIDES; PESTICIDE USAGE ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Federal Student Loan Programs. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, First Session. AN - 62653787; ED388151 AB - The Subcommittee met to hear testimony on the college student loan process, particularly whether, at a time of devolution of power to state and local levels, it is contradictory to continue with the relatively new Federal Direct Student Loan Program. Chairman Peter Hoekstra outlined how vital higher education has become for access to quality employment and the possible problems with direct federal lending. Representative Sawyer responded with positive information on the Ford program and a recommendation for no major adjustments. Representative Petri critiqued the program and suggested reform measures. Representative Istook testified that the direct lending program is a mistake and that this function should be privatized. Senator Paul Simon testified in support of direct lending citing feed-back from institutions that have participated. Representative Bart Gordon urged further testing of direct lending before allowing full implementation. A representative of Maine Education Services, a secondary market lender, testified on the success of that program. Financial aid directors from Hope College (Michigan), California State University, Northridge; and Roger Williams College (Rhode Island) also testified on their experience with the direct lending program. Extensive additional materials and prepared statements are included. (JB) Y1 - 1995/05/23/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 May 23 SP - 461 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160474892 KW - Congress 104th KW - Direct Lending KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Design KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Federal Aid KW - Government Role KW - Higher Education KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Federal Legislation KW - Paying for College KW - Program Implementation KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - Program Evaluation KW - Student Costs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62653787?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-27. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Adult Education and Family Literacy Reform Act. Hearing on S. 797 Authorizing Funds for Fiscal Years 1996 through 2005 to Improve and Reform Literacy Services for Adults and Families, before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62641183; ED385701 AB - This Congressional hearing discussed the issue of reform of adult education and family literacy legislation. Testimony includes oral and written statements of U.S. senators and individuals representing the following: U.S. Department of Education; National Institute for Literacy; Dallas Can! Academy, Dallas, Texas; Pima County Adult Education, Tucson, Arizona; Delaware Department of Adult Education; and Central Vermont Adult Basic Education, Inc. The hearing focused on how the Federal Government, state governments and the private sector can improve the adult education delivery system. What are the goals for adult education? The three most important outcomes desired are: (1) increasing the number of high school diplomas or competencies for those who did not complete high school initially; (2) improving literacy skills, particularly by emphasizing the importance of literacy skills for parents; and (3) enhancing economic growth--productivity--so that all members of the workforce possess the necessary basic skills. (YLB) Y1 - 1995/05/19/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 May 19 SP - 96 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474280 KW - Congress 104th KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Family Involvement KW - Adult Literacy KW - Program Improvement KW - Federal Legislation KW - Educational Legislation KW - Parent Child Relationship KW - Family Literacy KW - Literacy Education KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641183?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Oversight Hearing on the High Performance Computing and Communications Program and Uses of the Information Highway. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62643283; ED390447 AB - This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing called to evaluate the progress of the High Performance Computing and Communications program in light of budget requests, to examine the appropriate role for the government in such a project, and to see demonstrations of the World Wide Web and related technologies. It features opening statements by Senator Conrad Burns and by Senator Ernest Hollings, as well as prepared statements by Senator Larry Pressler, by Senator John D. Rockefeller IV, and by Senator Ted Stevens. Witnesses include: (1) John Toole, National Coordinating Office for High Performance Computing and Communications; (2) Bill Burrall, Moundsville Junior High, Moundsville (West Virginia); (3) Dr. Richard Gowen, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; and (4) Steven Running, School of Forestry, University of Montana (Missoula). An appendix features transcriptions of John Toole's dialogues with Senators Pressler and Burns. (BEW) Y1 - 1995/05/04/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 May 04 SP - 63 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160477603 KW - Congress 104th KW - High Performance Computing and Commun Program KW - World Wide Web KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Costs KW - Information Technology KW - Access to Information KW - Government Role KW - Information Dissemination KW - Hearings KW - Program Evaluation KW - Telecommunications KW - Internet UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62643283?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Joint Hearing on Privatizing Government Sponsored Entities (GSEs). Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities and the Subcommittee on National Economic Growth, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62561133; ED405793 AB - This document is a congressional joint hearing report of a panel discussion exploring issues related to privatization of two government-sponsored entities (GSEs): the Student Loan Marketing Association (Sallie Mae) and the College Construction Loan Insurance Association (Connie Lee). The two issues specifically addressed by the panel were: (1) whether these GSEs were mature enough to make privatization desirable, and (2) what effects privatization might have on their investors. The report includes prepared statements by panel members Darby Bradbury, Department of Treasury, who testified in favor of privatization and also presented some historical background on the Treasury's longstanding relationship with Sallie Mae, and its position on Connie Lee; Lawrence Hough, Student Loan Marketing Association, who also supported privatization; Leo Kornfeld, Department of Education, who raised some special issues relative to privatization of Sallie Mae; and Oliver Sockwell, College Construction Loan Insurance Association, who sought complete privatization of his organization. Included also are statements by panel members Fred Khedouri, of Bear, Stearns & Company, and Robert Torrey; the transcript of the question-and-and-answer session that followed the formal presentation; and statements submitted by other interested parties. (CH) Y1 - 1995/05/03/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 May 03 SP - 95 PB - Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474302 KW - College Construction Loan Insurance Association KW - Congress 104th KW - Student Loan Marketing Association KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Government Role KW - Privatization KW - Higher Education KW - Federal Government KW - Public Policy KW - Public Agencies KW - Construction Programs KW - Federal Programs KW - Policy Formation KW - Hearings KW - Educational Economics KW - Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62561133?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-16. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Nomination of John M. Deutch AN - 1679147080; CO02039 AB - Transcribes Senate Select Committee on Intelligence hearings about nomination of John Deutch for director of central intelligence, including Deutch's views on major purposes of Central Intelligence Agency and issues facing it; committee votes in favor of nomination. AU - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 1995 SP - 148 KW - Biography KW - Cabinet officers KW - Confirmation hearings KW - Iran KW - Iran-Contra Affair (1985-1994) KW - Iraq KW - Korea (North) KW - New York Times KW - News media KW - Oklahoma City Bombing (1995) KW - Regional security KW - Russia KW - Terrorism KW - Washington Post KW - Washington Times KW - Weapons of mass destruction KW - Inhofe, James M. KW - Bryan, Richard H. KW - Nunn, Samuel A. KW - Kennedy, Edward M. ("Ted") KW - Deutch, John M. KW - Kerry, John F. KW - Lugar, Richard G. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Baucus, Max KW - Hutchison, Kathryn Ann Bailey ("Kay") KW - Domenici, Peter V. KW - Ames, Aldrich H. KW - Kyl, Jon L. KW - Glenn, John KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Potts, Stephen D. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Cohen, William S. KW - Mack, Connie KW - Holmes, David P. KW - Inhofe, James M. KW - Bryan, Richard H. KW - Nunn, Samuel A. KW - Kennedy, Edward M. ("Ted") KW - Deutch, John M. KW - Kerry, John F. KW - Lugar, Richard G. KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Baucus, Max KW - Hutchison, Kathryn Ann Bailey ("Kay") KW - Domenici, Peter V. KW - Ames, Aldrich H. KW - Kyl, Jon L. KW - Glenn, John KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Potts, Stephen D. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Cohen, William S. KW - Mack, Connie KW - Holmes, David P. UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679147080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Nomination+of+John+M.+Deutch&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-05-03&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Department of Defense; United States. Director of Central Intelligence; United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing N1 - People - Ames, Aldrich H.; Baucus, Max; Bryan, Richard H.; Cohen, William S.; Deutch, John M.; Domenici, Peter V.; Glenn, John; Holmes, David P.; Hutchison, Kathryn Ann Bailey ("Kay"); Inhofe, James M.; Kennedy, Edward M. ("Ted"); Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob"); Kerry, John F.; Kyl, Jon L.; Lugar, Richard G.; Mack, Connie; Nunn, Samuel A.; Potts, Stephen D.; Shelby, Richard C.; Specter, Arlen N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Algebra Initiative Colloquium. Volume 2: Working Group Papers. AN - 62754075; ED385437 AB - This volume presents recommendations from four working groups at a conference on reform in algebra held in Leesburg, Virginia, December 9-12, 1993. Working Group 1: Creating an Appropriate Algebra Experience for All Grades K-12 Students produced the following papers: (1) "Report" (A. H. Schoenfeld); (2) "Five Questions About Algebra Reform (and a thought experiment)" (D. Chazan); (3) "Algebra and the Democratic Imperative" (R. B. Davis); (4) "Realism(s) for Learning Algebra" (R. Hall); (5) "Algebra, The New Civil Right" (B. Moses); (6) "Issues Surrounding Algebra" (E. Phillips); (7) "Is Thinking About 'Algebra' a Misdirection?" (A. H. Schoenfeld); and (8) "Thoughts Preceding the Algebra Colloquium" (Z. Usiskin). Working Group 2: Educating Teachers, Including K-8 Teachers, to Provide These Algebra Experiences produced: (1) "Report" (A. Buccino); (2) "Educating Teachers to Provide Appropriate Algebra Experiences: Practicing Elementary and Secondary Teachers--Part of the Problem or Part of the Solution?" (C. Gifford-Banwart); (3) "Educating Teachers for Algebra" (A. Buccino); (4) "Experience, Abstraction, and 'Algebra for All': Some Thoughts on Situations, Algebra, and Feminist Research" (S. K. Damarin); (5) "Educating Teachers, Including K-8 Teachers, to Provide Appropriate Algebra Experiences" (N. D. Fisher); (6) "On the Learning and Teaching of Linear Algebra" (G. Harel); and (7) "Algebra: The Next Public Stand for the Vision of Mathematics for All Students" (H. S. Kepner, Jr.). Working Group 3: Reshaping Algebra to Serve the Evolving Needs of the Technical Workforce produced: (1) "Report" (S. Forman); (2) "Algebra, Jobs, and Motivation" (P. Davis); (3) "To Strengthen Technical Education Systematically" (J. G. Greeno); (4) "Thoughts About Reshaping Algebra to Serve the Evolving Needs of a Technical Workforce" (R. Lesh); (5) "Algebra for the Technical Workforce of the 21st Century" (P. D. McCray); (6) "Some Thoughts on Algebra for the Evolving Work Force" (T. A. Romberg & M. Spence); and (7) "Algebra: A Vision for the Future" (S. S. Wood). Working Group 4: Renewing Algebra at the College Level to Serve the Future Mathematician, Scientist, and Engineer produced: (1) "Report" (J. Gallian); (2) "Some Thoughts on Teaching Undergraduate Algebra" (W. D. Blair); (3) "Toward One Meaning for Algebra" (A. Cuoco); (4) "Some Thoughts on Abstract Algebra" (S. Montgomery); and (5) "Suggestions for the Teaching of Algebra" (W. Y. Velez). Appendices include the conference agenda; Conceptual Framework for the Algebra Initiative of the National Institute on Student Achievement, Curriculum, and Assessment; and a participant list. (MKR) AU - Lacampagne, Carole B. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 231 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160480752 KW - Reform Efforts KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Practitioners KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Conference Proceedings KW - Educational Change KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Mathematics Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62754075?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For volume 1, see SE 056 572. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Algebra Initiative Colloquium. Volume 1: Plenary and Reactor Papers. AN - 62753476; ED385436 AB - This volume contains the plenary or reactor papers presented at a conference on reform in algebra held in Leesburg, Virginia, December 9-12, 1993. Papers included are: (1) "Introduction" (C. B. Lacampagne); (2) "Summary" (C. B. Lacampagne); (3) "Recommendations" (C. B. Lacampagne); (4) "The Development of Algebra and Algebra Education" (V. J. Katz); (5) "Long-Term Algebra Reform: Democratizing Access to Big Ideas" (J. J. Kaput); (6) "Algebra in the K-12 Curriculum" (G. Burrill); (7) "What Is the Appropriate K-12 Algebra Experience for Various Students?" (J. Fey); (8) "Algebra at the College Level" (M. Artin); (9) "Algebra Initiative" (V. Pless); (10) "Algebra and the Technical Workforce" (H. Pollak); (11) "Reshaping Algebra to Serve the Evolving Needs of the Technical Workforce" (S. Garfunkel); (12) "A Cognitive Perspective in the Mathematical Preparation of Teachers: The Case of Algebra" (A. G. Thompson & P. W. Thompson); (13) "Preparing Teachers to Teach Algebra for All: Preliminary Musings and Questions" (M. Enneking); and (14) "Algebra for All: Dumbing Down or Summing Up?" (L. A. Steen). Appendices include the conference agenda; Conceptual Framework for the Algebra Initiative of the National Institute on Student Achievement, Curriculum, and Assessment; and a participant list. (MKR) AU - Lacampagne, Carole B. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 157 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160480752 KW - Reform Efforts KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Practitioners KW - Algebra KW - Mathematics Instruction KW - Conference Proceedings KW - Educational Change KW - Mathematics Curriculum KW - Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Mathematics Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62753476?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For volume 2, see SE 056 573. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Unemployment Still a Problem after Four Years of Economic Recovery. AFL-CIO Reviews the Issues. Report No. 80. AN - 62742634; ED383873 AB - According to an analysis by the AFL-CIO, unemployment is still a problem 4 years after the end of the last recession. Since that time, although employment is up, many jobs lack adequate pay and benefits and many jobs are insecure. In addition, 7.7 million people are still jobless, compared to fewer than 3 million in the 1960s. In addition, the official employment rate understates the extent of unemployment and underemployment. Unemployment is highest for inner-city residents, teens, blacks, and Hispanics. Job quality is also declining, with poorly paid service jobs replacing better-paid manufacturing jobs and temporary and part-time work becoming increasingly common. About 1.5 million workers are dislocated each year. Despite the rise in jobs, workers have not shared in the wealth they help create. Top officials of corporations have seen soaring pay increases whereas worker pay has been held down. Average weekly earnings at the end of 1994 were 12 percent below the 1979 level, in dollars adjusted for inflation. Despite 4 years of economic expansion, unemployment is still a problem and many groups have been left behind. According to the AFL-CIO, a number of measures should be taken to reduce unemployment, such as job training and assistance for workers dislocated by plant closings. (KC) AU - Parente, Frank Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 5 PB - AFL-CIO Publications and Materials Office, 815 Sixteenth Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20006. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Unions KW - Unemployment KW - Underemployment KW - Policy Formation KW - Economics KW - Dislocated Workers KW - Wages KW - Public Policy KW - Adults KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Unemployment+Still+a+Problem+after+Four+Years+of+Economic+Recovery.+AFL-CIO+Reviews+the+Issues.+Report+No.+80.&rft.au=Parente%2C+Frank&rft.aulast=Parente&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (1966-2003) N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - National Assessment of College Student Learning: Identifying College Graduates' Essential Skills in Writing, Speech and Listening, and Critical Thinking. Final Project Report. AN - 62736834; ED383255 AB - This study used an iterative Delphi survey process of about 600 faculty, employers, and policymakers to identify writing, speech and listening, and critical thinking skills that college graduates should achieve to become effective employees and citizens (National Education Goal 6). Participants reached a consensus about the importance in critical thinking of the ability to detect: indirect persuasion including the use of leading questions that are biased towards eliciting a preferred response, use of misleading language, use of slanted definitions or comparisons, and instances where irrelevant topics or considerations are brought into an argument to divert attention from the original issue. With regard to effective writing respondents thought that graduates should be able to use active or passive voice where appropriate, use correct grammar, use specific language conventions of their academic discipline, and use language that their audience understands. With regard to speech communication skills respondents reached agreement about the importance of information exchange, conversation management, group communication, and using and understanding spoken English and non-verbal signs. Extensive tables detail the Delphi survey results. (Contains 168 references.) (JB) AU - Jones, Elizabeth A. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 193 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-001 KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Thinking Skills KW - Undergraduate Study KW - Writing Skills KW - Critical Thinking KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Communication Skills KW - College Faculty KW - Employers KW - Speech Skills KW - Delphi Technique KW - College Graduates KW - Listening Skills UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62736834?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Vocational Course Taking and Achievement: An Analysis of High School Transcripts and 1990 NAEP Assessment Scores. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62732850; ED382883 AB - A study sought to determine the relationship between vocational course taking and academic achievement as measured by the 1990 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Analysis of the data measured by the NAEP shows a consistent inverse relationship between vocational course taking and NAEP assessment scores. The relationship holds for mathematics, science, and reading achievement. This association persists after attempts are made to take other curriculum characteristics and background characteristics into account, although it attenuates among students whose parents did not complete high school. Despite the consistent finding that vocational course taking is inversely related to achievement on the NAEP tests, this cannot be taken as evidence that increased vocational course taking depresses achievement. Rather, it might be found that students who generally score lower on tests also tend to take vocational courses, or that students who take vocational courses miss the academic courses that may help increase test scores. (Twenty-three tables, three figures, as well as a summary of the study's methodology, are included.) (KC) AU - McCormick, Alexander C. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 73 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-006 KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Academic Education KW - Research Methodology KW - High Schools KW - Course Selection (Students) KW - Academic Achievement KW - Vocational Education KW - Test Use KW - Outcomes of Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62732850?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining the role of pollutants in the disruption of reproduction in wildlife. AN - 21260217; 11703599 AB - Although chemical exposure has been associated with reduced reproduction in certain North American fish, reptiles, and mammals, definitive cause-and-effect data are lacking in many instances. Because the increasing use and global transport of industrial chemicals pose significant risk to successful reproduction, methods should be developed that can define the geographic extent and magnitude of injury and risk to wildlife. Because industrial chemicals are articles of commerce, information about injury to wildlife has been contentious and too often ineffective in changing societal behavior. The following strategies are advocated for inferring causal relationships. First, a balanced and comprehensive assessment of the data is necessary to determine the geographic extent of exposure and reproductive effects associated with environmental pollution. Initial efforts to document reproductive injury should focus on specific ecosystems in which detrimental effects have been observed, but lack sufficient causal data. Model systems (including experimental mesocosms or field ecosystems) should be identified or designed that can adequately test multigenerational reproductive effects. Mechanistic data from supportive laboratory studies on reproductive toxicity, quantitative structure-activity relationships, and bioaccumulation can be used to predict effects of related pollutants and to determine risk. Such information is essential to prevent future injury to wildlife and to prioritize the numerous remediation decisions facing our society. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hose, J E AU - Guillette, L J AD - Department of Biology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 87 EP - 91 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Bioremediation KW - Ecosystems KW - Injuries KW - Pollution effects KW - Model Testing KW - Ecological Effects KW - Toxicity tests KW - Pollutants KW - Exposure KW - Pollution indicators KW - mammals KW - North America KW - structure-activity relationships KW - Wildlife KW - Toxicity KW - Mesocosms KW - Risk KW - reptiles KW - Bioaccumulation KW - Fish physiology KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - Fish KW - Reproduction KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Defining+the+role+of+pollutants+in+the+disruption+of+reproduction+in+wildlife.&rft.au=Hose%2C+J+E%3BGuillette%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Hose&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bioaccumulation; Pollutants; Injuries; Fish physiology; Pollution effects; Reproduction; Pollution indicators; Toxicity tests; Mesocosms; mammals; reptiles; structure-activity relationships; Bioremediation; Ecosystems; Wildlife; Fish; Toxicity; Risk; Exposure; Water Pollution Effects; Model Testing; Ecological Effects; North America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive impairment in the Florida panther: nature or nurture? AN - 21251435; 11701687 AB - Many of the remaining members of the endangered Florida panther (Felis concolor coryi) population suffer from one or more of a variety of physiological, reproductive, endocrine, and immune system defects including congenital heart defects, abnormal sperm, low sperm density, cryptorchidism, thyroid dysfunction, and possible immunosuppression. Mercury contamination, determined to be the cause of death of a female panther in 1989, was presented as the likely cause of thyroid dysfunction. As genetic diversity in the species was less than expected, all of the other abnormalities have been attributed to inbreeding. However, exposure to a variety of chemical compounds, especially those that have been identified as environmental endocrine disrupters (including mercury, p,p'-DDE, and polychlorinated biphenyls), has elicited all of the listed abnormalities in other species. A number of these contaminants are present in South Florida. An exposure pathway has been identified, and evidence presented in this paper, including the fact that there appears to be no significant difference between serum estradiol levels in males and females, suggests that many male panthers may have been demasculinized and feminized as a result of either prenatal or postnatal exposure. Thus, regardless of the effects of inbreeding, current evidence seems to indicate that environmental contaminants may be a major factor contributing to reproductive impairment in the Florida panther population. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Facemire, C F AU - Gross, T S AU - Guillette, L J AD - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, Georgia 30345-3301, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 79 EP - 86 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - prenatal experience KW - USA, Florida KW - immune system KW - endocrine disruptors KW - inbreeding KW - Thyroid KW - Mercury KW - genetic diversity KW - Florida panthers KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Reproductive+impairment+in+the+Florida+panther%3A+nature+or+nurture%3F&rft.au=Facemire%2C+C+F%3BGross%2C+T+S%3BGuillette%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Facemire&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+4&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; prenatal experience; immune system; endocrine disruptors; inbreeding; Thyroid; Mercury; genetic diversity; Florida panthers; USA, Florida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of propiconazole residue in boronia extract (concrete) AN - 15957272; 4063863 AB - A method for detecting residues of the fungicide propiconazole in the petroleum ether extract (concrete) of Boronia megastigma Nees was developed. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) using low-resolution selected ion monitoring (LR SIM) had a 1 ppm detection limit in samples that had some preliminary cleanup. The use of GC/MS with high-resolution selected ion monitoring (HR SIM) had a minimum detection limit of 50 ppb for crude spiked samples of boronia concrete. This method was utilized to provide an automated assay for propiconazole residues in the concrete from boronia flowers and in extracts of vegetative material (DBO). JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Groenewoud, K M AU - Davies, N W AU - Menary, R C AD - Department of Agricultural Science and Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, G.P.O. Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 1230 EP - 1232 VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - propiconazole KW - Boronia megastigma KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - pesticide residues KW - fungicides KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15957272?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+propiconazole+residue+in+boronia+extract+%28concrete%29&rft.au=Groenewoud%2C+K+M%3BDavies%2C+N+W%3BMenary%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Groenewoud&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1230&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticide residues; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential Impact of Global Climate Change on Malaria Risk AN - 14372501; 10501719 AB - Climatic characteristics can have a dramatic impact on the biological activity and geographic distribution of the malarial parasite and its vector. Atmospheric temperature and precipitation have the largest impacts on these issues. The relationship between anthropogenic global warming and predicted changes in the potential for a malaria epidemic is examined using a General Circulation Model-based simulation and an integrated linked-system model for malaria epidemiology. Results from these models indicate that there is a significantly increased risk of widespread malaria outbreaks due to changes in global climate. The greatest risk is on the margin of malarial areas and in high-altitude zones located in malarial areas. Human factors influencing the risk of encountering malaria are examined. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Martens, Willem JM AU - Niessen, Louis W AU - Rotmans, Jan AU - Jetten, Theo H AU - McMichael, Anthony J Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 458 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - VECTORS KW - CLIMATE CHANGE KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14372501?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Potential+Impact+of+Global+Climate+Change+on+Malaria+Risk&rft.au=Martens%2C+Willem+JM%3BNiessen%2C+Louis+W%3BRotmans%2C+Jan%3BJetten%2C+Theo+H%3BMcMichael%2C+Anthony+J&rft.aulast=Martens&rft.aufirst=Willem&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; PUBLIC HEALTH; VECTORS; CLIMATE CHANGE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Outdoor Airborne Particulate Matter on Daily Death Counts AN - 14369539; 10501723 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Styer, Patricia AU - McMillan, Nancy AU - Gao, Feng AU - Davis, Jerry AU - Sacks, Jerome Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 490 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - PARTICULATES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14369539?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Outdoor+Airborne+Particulate+Matter+on+Daily+Death+Counts&rft.au=Styer%2C+Patricia%3BMcMillan%2C+Nancy%3BGao%2C+Feng%3BDavis%2C+Jerry%3BSacks%2C+Jerome&rft.aulast=Styer&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=490&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; MORTALITY PATTERNS; PARTICULATES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restoration of Urban Waterways and Vacant Areas: the First Steps Toward Sustainability AN - 14369444; 10501717 AB - Every functioning ecosystem around the world has experienced anthropogenic impacts to some degree during the course of the past century. Urban storm runoff is one of the primary contributors to the degradation of the quality of wetlands, rivers, and other surface waters. Many communities have begun implementing restoration programs aimed at improving local and regional water quality. One of the most popular restoration methods is to incorporate riparian walkways with native flora. These practices encourage the return of native fauna to urban areas. The social and economic benefits of restoration of urban habitats are discussed. Undeveloped and abandoned lots can serve as good habitat for native flora and fauna. The educational benefits of these types of projects are detailed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cairns, John AU - Palmer, Sarah E Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 452 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT KW - WATERWAYS KW - LAND USE PLANNING KW - ENV RESTORATION KW - URBAN PLANNING KW - URBAN LAND, VACANT KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14369444?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Restoration+of+Urban+Waterways+and+Vacant+Areas%3A+the+First+Steps+Toward+Sustainability&rft.au=Cairns%2C+John%3BPalmer%2C+Sarah+E&rft.aulast=Cairns&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=452&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 10 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENV RESTORATION; URBAN LAND, VACANT; URBAN PLANNING; SUSTAINED DEVELOPMENT; WATERWAYS; LAND USE PLANNING ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biomarker Monitoring of a Population Residing Near Uranium Mining Activities AN - 14368804; 10501720 AB - Tests conducted to determine whether or not residents living near uranium mining operations exhibit increased genotoxic effects compared to residents living elsewhere are described. A total of 24 target and 24 control residents participated in the survey. The subjects were matched based on age and gender. None of the participants were smokers. As part of the testing regime, blood samples were collected from the participants for laboratory analysis. Chromosome aberration frequencies were evaluated using the standard cytogenic assay. DNA repair responses were examined using the challenge assay. Individuals living in the vicinity of uranium mining operations exhibited an elevated mean frequency of cells having chromosome aberrations. The target population exhibited abnormal DNA repair responses. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Au, William W AU - Lane, Richard G AU - Legator, Marvin S AU - Whorton, Elbert B AU - Wilkinson, Gregg S AU - Gabehart, Gary J Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 466 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - URANIUM KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION KW - DISEASES AND DISORDERS KW - GENETICS, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14368804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Biomarker+Monitoring+of+a+Population+Residing+Near+Uranium+Mining+Activities&rft.au=Au%2C+William+W%3BLane%2C+Richard+G%3BLegator%2C+Marvin+S%3BWhorton%2C+Elbert+B%3BWilkinson%2C+Gregg+S%3BGabehart%2C+Gary+J&rft.aulast=Au&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=466&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - URANIUM; RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION; DISEASES AND DISORDERS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; PUBLIC HEALTH; GENETICS, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health Effects of Particulate Air Pollution: Time for Reassessment? AN - 14368621; 10501721 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pope, CArden AU - Bates, David V AU - Raizenne, Mark E Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 472 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - PARTICULATES KW - URBAN ATMOSPHERE KW - LITERATURE SURVEYS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14368621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Health+Effects+of+Particulate+Air+Pollution%3A+Time+for+Reassessment%3F&rft.au=Pope%2C+CArden%3BBates%2C+David+V%3BRaizenne%2C+Mark+E&rft.aulast=Pope&rft.aufirst=CArden&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=472&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; PARTICULATES; LITERATURE SURVEYS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Resolving Intertracer Inconsistencies in Soil Ingestion Estimation AN - 14368496; 10501718 AB - Results from an analysis of the sources and magnitude of errors in soil ingestion estimates for children are examined. The analysis is based on surveys of children conducted on a subject-week and trace element basis. Both positive and negative errors are examined. The degree of error varied from element to element. Predominantly negative errors were detected for yttrium and zirconium. Positive errors were detected for titanium and vanadium. Aluminum, silicon, and yttrium provided the best tracers for soil ingestion estimation. The current analysis replaces previous studies, which asserted that zirconium and titanium provided the best tracing characteristics for estimating soil ingestion by children. Problems with extending adult-based models to children are detailed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Calabrese, Edward J AU - Stanek, Edward J Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 454 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PUBLIC HEALTH KW - SOIL ANALYSIS KW - TRACE ELEMENTS KW - RELIABILITY KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14368496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Resolving+Intertracer+Inconsistencies+in+Soil+Ingestion+Estimation&rft.au=Calabrese%2C+Edward+J%3BStanek%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Calabrese&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=454&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PUBLIC HEALTH; SOIL ANALYSIS; TRACE ELEMENTS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; RELIABILITY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Consumption of PCB-Contaminated Sport Fish and Risk of Spontaneous Fetal Death AN - 14366019; 10501724 AB - Exposures to PCBs have been documented to cause spontaneous fetal death in several mammalian species. An analysis of the relationship between consumption of PCB-contaminated sport fish from Lake Ontario and spontaneous fetal death in women is described. The analysis was conducted using 1820 multigravid fertile women from the 199091 New York State Angler Cohort Study. Fish consumption histories were constructed via food frequency questionaires. Histories of spontaneous fetal death were obtained from live birth certificates. The analyses found no significant increase in risk of fetal death over four different measures of exposure. The four exposure measures used in the analyses are defined. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mendola, Pauline AU - Buck, Germaine M AU - Vena, John E AU - Zielezny, Maria AU - Sever, Lowell E Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 498 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - FISHING, SPORT KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - MORTALITY PATTERNS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14366019?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Consumption+of+PCB-Contaminated+Sport+Fish+and+Risk+of+Spontaneous+Fetal+Death&rft.au=Mendola%2C+Pauline%3BBuck%2C+Germaine+M%3BVena%2C+John+E%3BZielezny%2C+Maria%3BSever%2C+Lowell+E&rft.aulast=Mendola&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=498&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; FISHING, SPORT; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; MORTALITY PATTERNS; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of Acidic Aerosol Species in Eastern Europe: Implications for Air Pollution Epidemiology AN - 14365966; 10501722 AB - Many previous studies have established a link between particulate air pollution and respiratory disorders. The greatest mortality rates are associated with wintertime air pollution. The causal constituents of inhalable particulate matter have been difficult to identify. One of the primary candidates is the acidity of the aerosol. Results from an acidic aerosol species monitoring program conducted over 1.5 yr in Erfurt, Germany, and Sokolov, Czech Republic, are presented. The majority of ambient air pollution in both of these regions is caused by the burning of high-sulfur coal. The strategies used to measure the air pollution levels in these two regions are described. Results indicated that particulate acidity alone is not sufficient to explain the toxicity of fine particulate air pollution. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brauer, Michael AU - Dumyahn, Thomas S AU - Spengler, John D AU - Gutschmidt, Kersten AU - Heinrich, Joachim AU - Wichmann, H-Erich Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 482 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AIR ANALYSIS KW - CZECH REPUBLIC KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH KW - GERMANY KW - PARTICULATES KW - ACIDITY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14365966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+Acidic+Aerosol+Species+in+Eastern+Europe%3A+Implications+for+Air+Pollution+Epidemiology&rft.au=Brauer%2C+Michael%3BDumyahn%2C+Thomas+S%3BSpengler%2C+John+D%3BGutschmidt%2C+Kersten%3BHeinrich%2C+Joachim%3BWichmann%2C+H-Erich&rft.aulast=Brauer&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=482&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - AIR ANALYSIS; ACIDITY; CZECH REPUBLIC; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH; PARTICULATES; GERMANY ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Technology in the School Curriculum. Contractor Report. AN - 62733053; ED382849 AB - This report seeks to answer a set of related questions in the context of the United Kingdom: where technology education comes from, what it contributes to the curriculum and what its unique qualities are, and how excellence in students should be assessed. Part 1 describes and analyzes the evolutionary steps in the emergence of technology in the curriculum with a focus on the last 30 years. It traces the historical evolution of design and technology in the United Kingdom as a school subject, pointing out how it complements and differs from science and craft. Part 2 describes a national assessment that the author developed to find out what students learn from technology taught as design and summarizes the results. These findings are reported: girls appear to be better at identifying tasks, investigating, and appraising ideas, whereas boys seem to be better at generating and developing ideas; and Craft Design and Technology course students consistently outperformed the control group. Part 3 describes why technology education has been so successful. It points out some compelling reasons that have led head teachers, administrators, parents, politicians, and employers to value the contribution that it makes to children's development: the closeness between the process of design and technology and the process of thought; the centrality of communication; cooperative learning; and the direct link between technology in schools and subsequent industrial employment. Contains 35 references. (YLB) AU - Kimbell, Richard Y1 - 1995/04/20/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Apr 20 SP - 49 KW - United Kingdom KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Foreign Countries KW - Curriculum Development KW - Cognitive Processes KW - Educational Development KW - Technology Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Student Evaluation KW - Education Work Relationship KW - Design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62733053?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Request for Clarification of U.S. Government Knowledge of Michael DeVine and Efraín Bámaca Deaths; Includes Attachments] AN - 1679122358; GU01947 AB - U.S. senators call for declassification of government documents on key human rights cases in support of Commission for Historical Clarification. AU - United States. Congress. Senate AD - United States. Congress. Senate PY - 1995 SP - 6 KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Human rights KW - Information declassification KW - Alpírez, Julio Roberto KW - Alpírez, Julio Roberto UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679122358?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_gu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BRequest+for+Clarification+of+U.S.+Government+Knowledge+of+Michael+DeVine+and+Efra%C3%ADn+B%C3%A1maca+Deaths%3B+Includes+Attachments%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-04-07&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - Commission for Historical Clarification; United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Department of Defense; United States. Department of Justice; United States. Department of State N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - People - Alpírez, Julio Roberto N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Direct Funding through Block Grants. Oversight Hearing on Providing Direct Funding through Block Grants to Tribes To Administer Welfare and Other Social Service Programs. Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62637119; ED391616 AB - A hearing before the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs received testimony concerning the feasibility of providing direct federal funding through block grants to tribes and the ability of tribes to administer local welfare and social services programs. An Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) listed federal human services programs with specific funding allocations for Native Americans, described federal support to tribal governments in providing services to children and families, and discussed the Clinton Administration's support for welfare reform but opposition to the block grant approach. A representative of the Office of Inspector General, DHHS, reported on a study indicating that the current structure of DHHS programs created a barrier to tribal governments receiving federal funds for foster care and other child welfare services. Other witnesses included U.S. Senators; other elected officials; and representatives of numerous tribes, tribal agencies, and national Indian organizations. Their testimony included the following topics: high levels of poverty and unemployment on reservations, the need for tribal governments to design and manage their own social services programs, concern that tribal sovereignty and the special government-to-government relationship between the tribes and the federal government be maintained, avoidance of conflict between tribal and state governments, tribal determination of its service population, and service delivery by multitribal consortia. Appendix of written statements includes program descriptions and funding details. (SV) Y1 - 1995/04/05/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Apr 05 SP - 251 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160475880 KW - Congress 104th KW - State Tribal Relationship KW - Tribal Management KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Self Determination KW - Federal Aid KW - Welfare Reform KW - Delivery Systems KW - Welfare Services KW - Child Welfare KW - American Indians KW - Block Grants KW - Tribes KW - Federal Programs KW - Social Services KW - Hearings KW - Tribal Government KW - Federal Indian Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637119?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Several attachments in appendix contain small, lig N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Guatemala AN - 1679145738; CO02038 AB - Transcribes hearings of Senate Select Committee on Intelligence about whether Central Intelligence Agency illegally funded Guatemalan military, including Colonel Alpírez who was suspected of murdering U.S. citizen, and why Justice Department refused to prosecute Alpírez. AU - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence AD - United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence PY - 1995 SP - 175 KW - Americans KW - Associated Press KW - Boston Globe KW - Congressional hearings KW - Criminal justice KW - DeVine, Michael Murder (1990) KW - Guatemala KW - Guerrilla assistance KW - Homicide KW - Los Angeles Times KW - Nation (Periodical) KW - New York Times KW - News media KW - United Press International KW - Studeman, William O. KW - DeWine, Michael KW - Barrett, John Q. KW - Kerry, John F. KW - Watson, Alexander F. KW - Alpírez, Julio Roberto KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Baucus, Max KW - Hutchison, Kathryn Ann Bailey ("Kay") KW - DeVine, Michael V. KW - Cornell, Allen C. KW - Glenn, John KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Abrams, Elliott KW - Harbury, Jennifer K. KW - Graham, Robert KW - DeVine, Carole A. KW - Bámaca Velásquez, Efraín KW - Bryant, Robert M. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Cohen, William S. KW - Mack, Connie KW - Studeman, William O. KW - DeWine, Michael KW - Barrett, John Q. KW - Kerry, John F. KW - Watson, Alexander F. KW - Alpírez, Julio Roberto KW - Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob") KW - Baucus, Max KW - Hutchison, Kathryn Ann Bailey ("Kay") KW - DeVine, Michael V. KW - Cornell, Allen C. KW - Glenn, John KW - Specter, Arlen KW - Abrams, Elliott KW - Harbury, Jennifer K. KW - Graham, Robert KW - DeVine, Carole A. KW - Bámaca Velásquez, Efraín KW - Bryant, Robert M. KW - Shelby, Richard C. KW - Cohen, William S. KW - Mack, Connie UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679145738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_co&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Hearing+on+Guatemala&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+Senate.+Select+Committee+on+Intelligence&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-04-05&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States Embassy. Guatemala; United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Department of Justice; United States. Department of State N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Hearing N1 - People - Abrams, Elliott; Alpírez, Julio Roberto; Bámaca Velásquez, Efraín; Barrett, John Q.; Baucus, Max; Bryant, Robert M.; Cohen, William S.; Cornell, Allen C.; DeVine, Carole A.; DeVine, Michael V.; DeWine, Michael; Glenn, John; Graham, Robert; Harbury, Jennifer K.; Hutchison, Kathryn Ann Bailey ("Kay"); Kerrey, J. Robert ("Bob"); Kerry, John F.; Mack, Connie; Shelby, Richard C.; Specter, Arlen; Studeman, William O.; Watson, Alexander F. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Profile of Older Undergraduates: 1989-90. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62748598; ED382122 AB - This report examines the participation of older undergraduates, above age 24, in postsecondary education using data from the 1989-90 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:90) and the 1990-92 Beginning Postsecondary Student Longitudinal Study (BPS:90/92). It profiles older undergraduates and compares them with younger undergraduates with regard to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, enrollment patterns, how they combine working with studying, and the types, sources, and amounts of financial aid they receive. It describes the participation of selected subgroups of older undergraduates including those employed full time, those enrolled full time, those enrolled less than half time, those assisted by their employers, those without high school diplomas, and single parents. Examination of persistence and attainment among older students who enrolled in postsecondary education for the first time in 1989-90 covers combining working and studying, participation in campus activities and programs, and controlling factors related to persistence. Some of the report's highlights include: (1) in 1989-90, 42 percent of all undergraduates were 24 years or older; (2) a majority of older undergraduates were married and had dependents other than a spouse; (3) 59 percent of older undergraduates attended a public less-than-4-year institution (compared with 33 percent of younger undergraduates). Appendixes contain a glossary, technical notes, and information on methodology. (JB) AU - Choy, Susan P. AU - Premo, Mark K. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 78 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160480221 KW - Beginning Postsecondary Students Long Study KW - National Postsecondary Student Aid Study KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Nontraditional Students KW - Undergraduate Students KW - Two Year Colleges KW - Self Supporting Students KW - Undergraduate Study KW - Student Characteristics KW - Adult Students KW - Socioeconomic Background KW - Part Time Students KW - Public Colleges KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Demography KW - Enrollment Trends KW - Full Time Students KW - College Students KW - Academic Persistence KW - One Parent Family UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62748598?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Characteristics of American Indian and Alaska Native Education: Results from the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey. AN - 62742523; ED381338 AB - This report summarizes findings of the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) with regard to schools that serve American Indian and Alaska Native students. The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and federally recognized tribal organizations under BIA grants and contracts operate 149 elementary and secondary schools. In addition, 1,260 public schools are considered to have high Indian student enrollment (over 25 percent). These two types of schools are located mainly in rural areas and small towns. However, of the 445,425 American Indian and Alaska Native students enrolled in grades K-12, 56 percent attend public schools with low Indian enrollment. Chapters contain many data tables and figures and provide information for the three school types on the following: (1) school and student profiles (school size, rurality, region, student sex and race/ethnicity, bilingual education and remedial programs, free or reduced-price lunch, and college preparation); (2) demographic characteristics and qualifications of principals and teachers (percentage that are American Indian/Alaska Native, degrees earned, and administrative or teaching experience), schools with formal evaluation and mentoring programs for teachers, and percentage of full-time noninstructional staff; (3) principal and teacher salaries and benefits; (4) principal ratings of educational objectives, principal and teacher ratings of school problems, teacher and student absenteeism rates, principal beliefs about influence of various stakeholders on school practices, and principal career plans; and (5) teacher supply and demand, certification, and shortages, as well as teacher recruitment strategies. Appendices contain technical notes on the SASS and tables of variance estimates. Contains an index and a list of additional resources on the SASS. (SV) AU - Pavel, Michael D. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 289 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-735 KW - Bureau of Indian Affairs Schools KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Principals KW - Student Characteristics KW - Administrator Qualifications KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Administrator Characteristics KW - Teacher Shortage KW - Tribally Controlled Education KW - Public Schools KW - School Personnel KW - American Indian Education KW - Administrator Attitudes KW - School Surveys KW - Teacher Qualifications KW - Tables (Data) KW - Alaska Natives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742523?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Religion in the Public Schools: A Joint Statement of Current Law. AN - 62642612; ED387390 AB - Organizations that span the ideological, religious, and political spectrum stand together as they make this a statement of consensus on current law regarding religion in public schools. Each organization professes a commitment to the freedom of religious practice and the separation of church and state that such freedom requires. The statement is devised to aid parents, educators, and students. It offers a summary of current law on school prayer, including: official participation or encouragement of religious activities; teaching about religion; student assignments and religion; the distribution of religious literature; before and after school activities; religious persuasion versus harassment; the Equal Access Act; religious holidays; excusal from religiously-objectional lessons; teaching of values; student garb; and release time. Following the text is an appendix listing contact addresses for organizations associated with this statement. (LH) Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 12 KW - Religious Freedom KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Students KW - Teachers KW - Practitioners KW - Teacher Rights KW - Religion KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Creationism KW - School Prayer KW - Laws KW - Released Time KW - Dress Codes KW - Religious Holidays KW - Values Education KW - Teacher Responsibility KW - Public Schools KW - State Church Separation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62642612?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For a related document, see SO 025 238. Reprinted N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Teachers & Technology: Making the Connection. OTA Report Summary. AN - 62637811; ED386154 AB - The report suggests that, in the process of acquiring hardware and software for students to use, teachers often have been overlooked. To use new technologies well, teachers need more than just access to these resources. They need opportunities to discover what the technologies can do, learn how to operate them, and experiment with ways to best apply them in their classrooms. This report seeks to underscore the connection between teachers and the implementation of technology in schools. Several key findings are examined in this summary: national statistics on computer equipment levels in schools; teacher computer use data; teacher attitudes toward technology; curriculum integration; teacher technology education; federal teacher development programs; and the educational level of focus of governmental support of technology in schools. A discussion on policy options and governmental role includes: "Federal Leadership: Legitimizing, Funding, and Targeting Technology"; "Research, Development, and Dissemination"; "Educating New Teachers, Professional Development, and Teacher Support"; and "School Access to the Emerging Telecommunications Infrastructure." (MAS) Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 9 KW - Office of Technology Assessment KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Implementation KW - Government Role KW - Educational Policy KW - Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Access to Computers KW - Educational Technology KW - Computer Literacy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637811?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the full 295-page report summarized here, see N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Teachers & Technology: Making the Connection. AN - 62633410; ED386155 AB - Do teachers use technology in their teaching? Why? What happens when they do? Why don't more teachers use technology? How do teachers learn about technology? Are prospective teachers being prepared to use technology before entering the classroom? Which factors influence implementation of technology across schools and districts? What roles do schools, districts, states, and the federal government play in helping teachers adjust to the challenges and opportunities presented by new technologies? This report describes the results of the Office of Technology Assessment's (OTA) research into all of these questions, and seeks to underscore the connection between teachers and effective implementation of technology in schools. Research methods used include: site visits to schools of all grade levels across the country; conversations with teachers, researchers, and administrators; two focus groups of teachers; in-depth interviews with average teachers regarding their experiences with technology; a survey of faculty and recent graduates of colleges of education regarding technology use in preservice teacher education; a research review of telecommunications networks; and a review of past and current federal programs and support for teacher development and technology. The six chapters include: "Summary and Policy Options"; "The Promise of Technology for Teachers"; "Technology Access and Instructional Use in Schools Today"; "Helping Teachers Learn About and Use Technology Resources"; "Technology and the Preparation of New Teachers"; and "Technology and Teacher Development: The Federal Role." Six appendices provide a list of boxes, figures and tables; sources of survey data; a glossary; a list of workshop participants, and reviewers and contributors; a list of contributing sites; and contractor reports prepared for this assessment. An index is included. (MAS) Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 312 PB - New Orders, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 ($19). VL - OTA-EHR-616 KW - Office of Technology Assessment KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policy KW - Government Role KW - Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Access to Computers KW - Educational Technology KW - Computer Literacy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62633410?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Chapter 1 is a 47-page summary, including key find N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Students' School Transition Patterns between 8th and 10th Grades, Based on NELS:88. National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. AN - 62612803; ED389709 AB - This study is based on the National Education Longitudinal Survey of 1988 (NELS:88) sponsored by the National Center for Education Statistics. NELS:88 is a nationally representative sample of approximately 25,000 eighth graders who were enrolled in public or private school in 1988. About 21,000 students were resurveyed in 1990, a second follow-up was completed in 1992, a third follow-up was completed in 1994, and one more additional follow-up interview is planned for 1998. NELS:88 provides a wealth of information on students as they progress through the school system, including information collected from their parents, teachers, and school principals. This study examined the characteristics of students who switched between school sectors (public to private, or private to public) as they moved from 8th to 10th grade. Variables were examined in the following categories: (1) student and family background; (2) parent involvement; (3) academic achievement and educational expectations; (4) characteristics of the student's school; and (5) parental satisfaction with the school. Families of high socioeconomic status were more likely to shift to private schools, as were Catholic students. Females were more likely to shift to public school than were males, but there was no significant association between student race and ethnic background and the likelihood of shifting between school sectors. Appendixes describe the data and methodology and give sample size tables. Eight text tables and 9 appendix tables present study information. (Author/SLD) AU - Myers, David Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 78 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-137 KW - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 KW - Transition Time KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Family Characteristics KW - Grade 10 KW - Change KW - Student Characteristics KW - Socioeconomic Status KW - Junior High Schools KW - Academic Achievement KW - National Surveys KW - Grade 8 KW - Public Schools KW - Followup Studies KW - High Schools KW - School Choice KW - Private Schools KW - High School Students KW - Junior High School Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62612803?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in measuring exhaled breath and estimating exposure and body burden for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). AN - 21354275; 7705716 AB - An improved portable breath measurement method has been developed that allows 1-min sampling times. The equipment has been successfully tested in field and chamber studies. Results of these studies suggest that breath levels following known exposures are predictable and reproducible across a small number of volunteers. The residence times in the body and the distribution in body compartments of several common air toxics have been determined. A simple four-compartment linear model is capable of fitting the observed data. The main parameters of the model include the fraction f of the parent compound exhaled under steady-state conditions and the residence times tau i, in the tau ith compartment. The values of these parameters for several VOCs and for the four body compartments (blood, vessel-rich tissues, vessel-poor tissues, and fat) are provided. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wallace, L A AU - Pellizzari, E D AD - Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, Warrenton, VA 22091, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 95 EP - 98 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 103 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - body burden KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21354275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+measuring+exhaled+breath+and+estimating+exposure+and+body+burden+for+volatile+organic+compounds+%28VOCs%29.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A%3BPellizzari%2C+E+D&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Volatile organic compounds; body burden ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The priority toxicant reference range study: interim report. AN - 21275597; 11701682 AB - The relationship between human exposure to environmental toxicants and health effects is of utmost interest to public health scientists. To define this relationship, these scientists need accurate and precise methods for assessing human exposure and effects. One of the most accurate and precise means of assessing exposure is to measure the level of the toxicant or its primary metabolite in a biologic specimen; this has been defined as measuring the internal dose. This measurement must be quantitative to best study the dose-response relationship. Pertinent questions asked during an exposure assessment include "How do the levels of a given toxicant in a particular population compare with the levels of that toxicant in other populations?" and "What is the prevalence of exposure to that toxicant in other populations?" To answer these questions for two chemical classes of environmental toxicants, we developed state-of-the-art analytic methods and then applied them to measure the levels of 44 environmental toxicants in biologic specimens from 1000 United States residents who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). These 1000 people are a cross-sectional subset of the NHANES III population and were selected from urban and rural communities in four regions of the United States; all were between 20 and 59 years of age. This subset is not a probability-based sample.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Needham, L L AU - Hill, R H AU - Ashley, D L AU - Pirkle, J L AU - Sampson, E J AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 89 EP - 94 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Age KW - Toxicants KW - Metabolites KW - Nutrition KW - Public health KW - USA KW - Dose-response effects KW - Rural areas KW - Urban areas KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24300:Methods KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21275597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+priority+toxicant+reference+range+study%3A+interim+report.&rft.au=Needham%2C+L+L%3BHill%2C+R+H%3BAshley%2C+D+L%3BPirkle%2C+J+L%3BSampson%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Needham&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Age; Toxicants; Dose-response effects; Metabolites; Nutrition; Public health; Urban areas; Rural areas; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using biological monitoring to assess human exposure to priority toxicants. AN - 21261551; 11703597 AB - Scientifically valid exposure assessment is crucial to risk assessment, risk management, and prevention of environmental disease. Scientists have used three tools to assess exposure: exposure history/questionnaire, environmental monitoring (including personal monitoring), and biological monitoring. Combinations of these tools usually provide the exposure information needed to meet objectives of human studies evaluating the exposure-health effect relationship. Biological monitoring is a capable exposure assessment tool that has provided important information used in public health decisions. We briefly describe how risk assessment and risk management decisions for lead, dioxin, and volatile organic compounds have substantially benefited from exposure information obtained from biological monitoring. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Pirkle, J L AU - Sampson, E J AU - Needham, L L AU - Patterson, D G AU - Ashley, D L AD - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 45 EP - 48 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Historical account KW - Inventories KW - Toxicants KW - environmental diseases KW - Lead KW - Dioxins KW - Public health KW - prevention KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Biological monitoring KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Dioxin KW - X 24360:Metals KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21261551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Using+biological+monitoring+to+assess+human+exposure+to+priority+toxicants.&rft.au=Pirkle%2C+J+L%3BSampson%2C+E+J%3BNeedham%2C+L+L%3BPatterson%2C+D+G%3BAshley%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Pirkle&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental monitoring; Risk assessment; Inventories; Toxicants; volatile organic compounds; Dioxin; Public health; Historical account; environmental diseases; prevention; Biological monitoring; Dioxins; Volatile organic compounds; Lead ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of specimen banking in risk assessment. AN - 21253428; 11701685 AB - The risk assessment process is described with a focus on the hazard identification and dose-response components. Many of the scientific questions and uncertainties associated with these components are discussed, and the role for biomarkers and specimen banking in supporting these activities are assessed. Under hazard identification, the use of biomarkers in defining and predicting a) biologically adverse events; b) the progression of those events towards disease; and c) the potential for reversibility are explored. Biomarker applications to address high-to-low dose extrapolation and interindividual variability are covered under dose-response assessment. Several potential applications for specimen banking are proposed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Zenick, H AU - Griffith, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 9 EP - 12 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Bioindicators KW - Risk assessment KW - Dose-response effects KW - banking KW - Side effects KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+role+of+specimen+banking+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Zenick%2C+H%3BGriffith%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zenick&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Bioindicators; Dose-response effects; banking; Side effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues associated with the design of a national probability sample for human exposure assessment. AN - 21251778; 11704919 AB - Data obtained from national probability sample surveys provide important information on the prevalence of various health conditions and distributions of physical and biochemical characteristics of the U.S. population. The sample design of a survey specifies how sampling from a designated population over a stated period is to be accomplished. A survey's analytical objectives and interests--in particular subpopulations--affect the sample design strategy. Selected subdomains of the population often must be oversampled so that estimates can be made with acceptable precision. This article addresses sample design considerations for a national probability sample for human tissue monitoring and specimen banking. Among the sampling issues addressed are the oversampling of special populations e.g., minority groups and at-risk groups such as low income or elderly persons; geographic coverage; and sample size considerations. The sample design for a major health survey, the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), is used to illustrate a complex, multistage probability sample design and to highlight some of the sampling issues discussed in this article. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ezzati-Rice, T M AU - Murphy, R S AD - National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 55 EP - 59 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - USA KW - Biochemistry KW - income KW - banking KW - elderly KW - Nutrition KW - minority groups KW - Design KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Issues+associated+with+the+design+of+a+national+probability+sample+for+human+exposure+assessment.&rft.au=Ezzati-Rice%2C+T+M%3BMurphy%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Ezzati-Rice&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+3&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biochemistry; income; banking; elderly; Nutrition; minority groups; Design; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental and Dietary Estrogens and Human Health: Is There a Problem? AN - 14375449; 10501021 AB - Key papers are reviewed that have been used to support the hypotheses that environmental estrogens play a role in the increased incidence of breast cancer in women and decreased sperm counts in males. Environmental/dietary estrogens and anti-estrogens are identified, and intakes of estrogen equivalents are estimated to compare the relative dietary impacts of various classes of estrogenic chemicals. Data are presented on the role of estrogens in breast cancer and male reproductive problems, the synthetic industrial chemicals with estrogenic activity, natural estrogenic compounds, and environmental and dietary anti-estrogens. The uptake of environmental or dietary chemicals that elicit common biochemical/toxic responses are estimated using an equivalency-factor approach. It is argued that the linkage between dietary/environmental estrogens and the increased incidence of breast cancer is unproven, as there is a lack of correlation between higher organochlorine levels in breast-cancer patients compared to controls and the low levels of organochlorine estrogen equivalents in the diet. The hypothesis that male reproductive problems and decreased sperm counts are related to increased exposure to environmental and dietary estrogens is also unproven. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Safe, Stephen H Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 346 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CANCER RISK KW - POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS KW - HORMONES KW - ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - REPRODUCTION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14375449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+and+Dietary+Estrogens+and+Human+Health%3A+Is+There+a+Problem%3F&rft.au=Safe%2C+Stephen+H&rft.aulast=Safe&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CANCER RISK; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; HORMONES ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Nitrous Acid on Lung Function in Asthmatics: a Chamber Study AN - 14374778; 10501025 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Beckett, William S AU - Russi, Mark B AU - Haber, Alan D AU - Rivkin, Robin M AU - Sullivan, James R AU - Tameroglu, Zeynep AU - Mohsenin, Vahid Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 372 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - NITROUS ACID KW - RESPIRATORY DISORDERS KW - AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR KW - ASTHMA KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14374778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Nitrous+Acid+on+Lung+Function+in+Asthmatics%3A+a+Chamber+Study&rft.au=Beckett%2C+William+S%3BRussi%2C+Mark+B%3BHaber%2C+Alan+D%3BRivkin%2C+Robin+M%3BSullivan%2C+James+R%3BTameroglu%2C+Zeynep%3BMohsenin%2C+Vahid&rft.aulast=Beckett&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - NITROUS ACID; RESPIRATORY DISORDERS; AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; ASTHMA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward Less Misleading Comparisons of Uncertain Risks: the Example of Aflatoxin and Alar AN - 14371500; 10501026 AB - The fundamental flaw in how comparative risk assessments (CRAs) are performed is explored, using a well-known risk comparison: the allegation that exposure to the naturally occurring carcinogen aflatoxin was substantially riskier than exposure to the pesticide Alar. The criticisms of CRA are elucidated, and the overconfidence in risk comparison is discussed. The analysis concerns a re-examination of one of the most influential examples of small CRA: the conclusion that the aflatoxin B sub(1) contained in a daily ration of peanut butter posed 18 time greater risk than Alar in a daily ration of apple juice. The calculation of excess cancer risk is described, along with the data sources. Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that the risk factor is found to lie within the plausible risk ratios ranging from nearly 400:1 in favor of aflatoxin to nearly 40:1 in the opposite direction. The data indicate that the best estimates of the relative risk of aflatoxin to Alar are much closer to 1:1 than to 18:1. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Finkel, Adam M Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 376 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CANCER RISK KW - DAMINOZIDE KW - MYCOTOXINS KW - FOOD CONTAMINATION KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14371500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Toward+Less+Misleading+Comparisons+of+Uncertain+Risks%3A+the+Example+of+Aflatoxin+and+Alar&rft.au=Finkel%2C+Adam+M&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=376&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CANCER RISK; DAMINOZIDE; MYCOTOXINS; FOOD CONTAMINATION ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dioxin Activates HIV-1 Gene Expression by an Oxidative Stress Pathway Requiring a Functional Cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 Enzyme AN - 14370918; 10501024 AB - Research has shown that TCDD causes a profusion of apparently unrelated toxic effects in which the single common denominator is the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcriptional activation of the cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 gene. Using mouse hepatoma cells, the effect of TCDD treatment was investigated on the activation of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene fused to the long terminal repeat sequences of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). The effects of aflatoxin B sub(1), TCDD, and several PAHs on transient CAT expression were examined. Results indicated that TCDD, aflatoxin B sub(1), and several PAHs can significantly activate the expression of genes linked to the long terminal repeat sequences of HIV-1. The magnitude of activation appeared to be different for the various compounds tested. The highest level of CAT activation was observed with benzo[a]pyrene treatment, which may provide a possible molecular explanation for the observation that cigarette smoking accelerates the progression of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Yao, Yan AU - Hoffer, Amy AU - Chang, Ching-yi AU - Puga, Alvaro Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 366 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME KW - MYCOTOXINS KW - TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14370918?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Dioxin+Activates+HIV-1+Gene+Expression+by+an+Oxidative+Stress+Pathway+Requiring+a+Functional+Cytochrome+P450+CYP1A1+Enzyme&rft.au=Yao%2C+Yan%3BHoffer%2C+Amy%3BChang%2C+Ching-yi%3BPuga%2C+Alvaro&rft.aulast=Yao&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ENZYME ACTIVITY; ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; MYCOTOXINS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXINS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkyl Ethoxylated and Alkylphenol Ethoxylated Nonionic Surfactants: Interaction with Bioactive Compounds and Biological Effects AN - 14369164; 10501023 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Cserhati, Tibor Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 358 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SURFACTANTS KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, PLANT KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14369164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Alkyl+Ethoxylated+and+Alkylphenol+Ethoxylated+Nonionic+Surfactants%3A+Interaction+with+Bioactive+Compounds+and+Biological+Effects&rft.au=Cserhati%2C+Tibor&rft.aulast=Cserhati&rft.aufirst=Tibor&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=358&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 127 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SURFACTANTS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HUMAN; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, PLANT; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Need for Water Quality Criteria for Frogs AN - 14366885; 10501022 AB - Amphibians are considered reliable indicators of environmental quality, as all life stages are susceptible to dermal absorption of toxicants in water. Ingestion of contaminated prey is also a potential pathway for toxicants to enter amphibians. The factors contributing to the decline of frog populations are identified, including habitat loss, overexploitation, disease, climate change, and deteriorating water quality. The alterations in water quality have been attributed to acidification, contaminants in agroecosystems in the western US, and eutrophication. Currently, no water-quality criteria exist for amphibians in the US. Consequently, tolerance limits for amphibians need to be determined and compared with existing criteria for fishes and human health in light of the declines in the quantity and quality of water and amphibian populations in many areas of the US. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Boyer, Robin AU - Grue, Christian E Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - Apr 1995 SP - 352 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SPECIES POLLUTION KW - WATER QUALITY CRITERIA KW - FROGS KW - WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14366885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+Need+for+Water+Quality+Criteria+for+Frogs&rft.au=Boyer%2C+Robin%3BGrue%2C+Christian+E&rft.aulast=Boyer&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SPECIES POLLUTION; WATER QUALITY CRITERIA; FROGS; WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Vocational Rehabilitation. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62641528; ED387662 AB - This document records the oral and written testimony of persons who testified at a hearing on how vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities, particularly severe disabilities, can be improved. Witnesses included directors of federal and state rehabilitation services departments, and officials of rehabilitation provider organizations and support groups for persons with disabilities. Some of the points made by the various witnesses were the following: (1) vocational rehabilitation should remain a separate entity and not be merged with general job training because the severely disabled may not be provided with the services they need; (2) the state of Kentucky is providing one-stop job training centers that serve the needs of all people, including those with severe disabilities; (3) some persons have been able to lead productive, professional lives and repay the investment in their vocational rehabilitation through that training; (4) some private groups can provide innovative programs of vocational rehabilitation and increase the choices of those who need the services; and (5) using block grants to states may not necessarily reduce expenses. (KC) Y1 - 1995/03/29/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 29 SP - 135 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160476437 KW - Congress 104th KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Program Improvement KW - Federal Legislation KW - Program Implementation KW - Federal Programs KW - Vocational Rehabilitation KW - Educational Finance KW - Hearings KW - Federal State Relationship KW - State Federal Aid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641528?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-34. Some pages have small, light ty N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Issues Regarding Graduate Medical Education. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health of the Committee on Ways and Means. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62635681; ED390356 AB - The Subcommittee met in the first of a series of hearings on graduate medical education aimed at developing a new Medicare health professional education and teaching hospital payment policy. The hearing examined new policies for training future health professionals, future medical manpower needs, and the financing of teaching hospitals. Current Medicare payment mechanisms for graduate medical education and teaching hospitals were also reviewed. Among the witnesses were representatives of the American College of Surgeons advocating continued support for teaching hospitals, the American Dental Association advocating continued funding for hospital-based graduate dental education, the American Medical Association in favor of adding third-party payers' support for graduate medical education, the American Nurses Association advocating increased support for graduate nursing education, the American Osteopathic Association advocating limiting residency funding to 110 percent of total graduates, the American Podiatric Medical Association in favor of all third-party payers sharing in the support of graduate training, the Harvard Community Health Plan advocating different allocation to training sites, and the Association of American Medical Colleges on two specific Medicare payments. Also appearing were Doctor Kenneth Shine, Doctor Robert Heyssel, Professor Ruth S. Hanft, and Nurse Michael A. Carter. Includes the prepared testimony of witnesses and six submissions for the record. (JB) Y1 - 1995/03/23/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 23 SP - 176 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160520118 KW - American Dental Association KW - American Medical Association KW - American Nurses Association KW - Association of American Medical Colleges KW - Congress 104th KW - Medicare KW - Third Party Payments KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Community KW - Financial Support KW - Federal Aid KW - Educational Finance KW - Higher Education KW - Dentistry KW - Health Care Costs KW - Allied Health Occupations Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Nursing Education KW - Federal Programs KW - Policy Formation KW - Hearings KW - Graduate Medical Education KW - Federal Regulation KW - Labor Market KW - Teaching Hospitals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62635681?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial 104-17. Some pages contain small type. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Education Standards. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62642874; ED387908 AB - This document contains proceedings from a hearing held in Washington, D.C., on March 22, 1995, to gather information about the appropriate federal role in establishing national educational guidelines. The goal of the hearing is in conjunction with the overall objective of establishing a framework for policy initiatives that will create an environment for life-long learning. Statements were made by the following participants: (1) Senator Jeff Bingaman, New Mexico; (2) James Burge, Corporate Vice President for Government Relations, Motorola; (3) Lynne Cheney, American Enterprise Institute; (4) Dr. Diane Ravitch, New York University; and (5) Al Shanker, President, American Federation of Teachers. Prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials were submitted by: (1) James Burge; (2) Lynne Cheney; (3) Dr. Pascal D. Forgione, Superintendent of Public Instruction, State of Delaware; (4) Dr. Diane Ravitch; (5) Ohio Representative Thomas C. Sawyer; and (6) Al Shanker. (LMI) Y1 - 1995/03/22/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 22 SP - 106 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474124 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Government School Relationship KW - Government Role KW - Educational Objectives KW - Guidelines KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Federal Government KW - Educational Policy KW - Federal Regulation KW - Standards KW - National Curriculum KW - States Powers KW - Federal State Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62642874?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-17. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - [Call for Action in Response to Disinformation on Central Intelligence Agency Involvement in Efraín Bámaca and Michael DeVine Cases] AN - 1679122707; GU01922 AB - Representative Torricelli accuses Central Intelligence Agency of complicity in murders of Michael DeVine and Efraín Bámaca and calls for investigation. AU - United States. Congress. House AD - United States. Congress. House PY - 1995 SP - 2 KW - Clinton, William J. KW - Bámaca Velásquez, Efraín Case (1992) KW - DeVine, Michael Murder (1990) KW - Disinformation KW - Information disclosure KW - Intelligence sources KW - Investigations KW - Harbury, Jennifer K. KW - Alpírez, Julio Roberto KW - Harbury, Jennifer K. KW - Alpírez, Julio Roberto UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1679122707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Adnsa_gu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%5BCall+for+Action+in+Response+to+Disinformation+on+Central+Intelligence+Agency+Involvement+in+Efra%C3%ADn+B%C3%A1maca+and+Michael+DeVine+Cases%5D&rft.au=United+States.+Congress.+House&rft.aulast=United+States.+Congress.+House&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-03-22&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Digital National Security Archive N1 - Name - United States. Central Intelligence Agency; United States. Department of State; United States. National Security Agency N1 - Analyte descriptor - NSA document type: Letter N1 - People - Alpírez, Julio Roberto; Harbury, Jennifer K. N1 - Last updated - 2015-06-16 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Telecommunications Policy Reform. Hearing of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62635108; ED390420 AB - This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing regarding legislation to reform national telecommunications policy. Most of the proposed changes would allow Americans greater freedom to choose among communication products and services. Among the topics this hearing addresses are increasing competitiveness of telephone services, cable rate deregulation, and the removal of government-imposed barriers to new investment in and ownership of broadcasting stations. Testimony is included from: (1) Decker Anstrom, National Cable Television Association; (2) Richard H. Cutler, Small Cable Business Association; (3) U. Bertram Ellis, Jr., Ellis Communications, Inc.; (4) Edward O. Fritts, National Association of Broadcasters; (5) Scott Blake Harris, Federal Communications Commission; (6) Gerald L. Hassell, Bank of New York; (7) Roy Neel, United States Telephone Association; (8) Eli Noam, Columbia Institute for Tele-Information; (9) Preston R. Padden, Fox Broadcasting Co.; (10) Bradley Stillman, Consumer Federation of America; and (11) Jim Waterbury, NBC Affiliates Association. The document also features statements by Senators Larry Pressler, Conrad Burns, and John D. Rockefeller. (BEW) Y1 - 1995/03/21/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 21 SP - 280 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160519985 KW - Broadcast Regulation KW - Congress 104th KW - Subscribers (Cable Television) KW - Telecommunications Policy KW - Television Networks KW - Television Stations KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Information Policy KW - Consumer Protection KW - Public Policy KW - Telecommunications KW - Cable Television KW - Broadcast Industry KW - Access to Information KW - Telephone Communications Industry KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Ownership KW - Investment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62635108?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Challenges Confronting American Indian Youth. Oversight Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. Part 2. AN - 62745233; ED384464 AB - The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs received testimony from representatives of federal agencies as to how the U.S. government might better address the needs of American Indian youth through the development of federal laws, programs, and policies. The hearing was a followup to an oversight hearing 1 month earlier in which American Indian young people identified critical challenges they face. In oral testimony and written statements, senators and representatives of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA); the Indian Health Service (IHS); and the Departments of Labor, Justice, and Housing and Urban Development (HUD) discussed the following topics: (1) the high rates of substance abuse, suicide, and teen pregnancy among American Indian youth; (2) problems of alcoholism and child abuse and neglect on Indian reservations; (3) summer youth employment programs sponsored through the Job Training Partnership Act, and proposed budget rescissions that would eliminate the programs; (4) the extent of crime in Indian country, and federal assistance to tribal law enforcement, tribal courts, and social services for delinquency prevention and intervention; (5) child health and family well-being; (6) HUD programs for Indian youth, focusing on drug elimination, sports, cultural activities, and Boys and Girls Clubs; (7) BIA efforts in the areas of child abuse prevention, parent education, youth entrepreneurship, health promotion, school improvement, drug abuse prevention in schools and communities, and gang resistance training; (8) IHS services related to physical and mental health; and (9) implications for tribes of the new block grants to states, including lists of programs to be terminated or amended. (SV) Y1 - 1995/03/07/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 07 SP - 160 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160471346 KW - Bureau of Indian Affairs KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Substance Abuse KW - Federal Aid KW - Delinquency KW - Suicide KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Youth Programs KW - Child Welfare KW - American Indians KW - Block Grants KW - Tribes KW - Prevention KW - Fetal Alcohol Syndrome KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - American Indian Education KW - Youth Problems KW - Child Abuse KW - Juvenile Justice UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745233?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Part 1 (testimony by American Indian youth), s N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearings on Training Issues. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (March 1, 3, 7, 16, 21, and 23, 1995). AN - 62746265; ED384759 AB - This document records the oral and written testimony of more than 50 witnesses who testified in a series of hearings held by a U.S. House of Representatives subcommittee on establishing a streamlined top quality and efficient system of work force preparation for young people and dislocated workers. The hearings focused on what the federal role should be in changing education both at the secondary and that postsecondary levels to meet the global economy demands of a high performance workplace. Witnesses included practitioners in the field who have been successful in designing educational programs that teach students the academic and vocational skills they will need to meet the needs of employers; other witnesses were students who have benefited from innovative educational programs and employers who have hired students who meet their employment demands. The witnesses testified that innovative approaches are working in some places in the country and that federal legislation that gives local communities and schools the flexibility to implement these ideas without burdensome regulations is needed. The witnesses especially wanted some funding for innovative ideas without the huge amounts of time-consuming paperwork that are presently necessary to fulfill the requirements for various federal set-aside programs. (KC) Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 677 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016047292X KW - Congress 104th KW - Proposed Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Employer Attitudes KW - Government Role KW - Educational Trends KW - Federal Government KW - Educational Needs KW - School Business Relationship KW - Job Training KW - Secondary Education KW - Job Skills KW - Demonstration Programs KW - Educational Practices KW - Educational Change KW - Hearings KW - Educational Innovation KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62746265?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-12. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - State Dropout Data Collection Practices: 1991-92 School Year. Methodology Report. AN - 62745310; ED383735 AB - The school year 1991-92 was the first in which states reported school district level data on the numbers and types of dropouts in the Common Core of Data (CCD) Agency Universe Survey. Information included numbers of male and female dropouts in 5 racial/ethnic categories for grades 7 through 12. The CCD defined a dropout as a student who had been enrolled at any time during the previous school year and was not enrolled on October 1 of the current school year. Because it was the introductory year of such reporting, the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) asked the states how successful they had been in meeting the requirements. Across the 50 states and the District of Columbia, 43 states (including the District of Columbia) reported dropout counts by school district, with the number expected to rise in 1993-94. Of the 43 reporting states, 14 followed CCD standards so well that NCES can publish their 1991-92 data. This study identified ways in which the state reports differed from CCD standards. Issues of reporting comprehensiveness are explored. Nineteen tables (including six in an appendix) and one figure present survey findings. Three appendixes contain Dropout Task Force report, dropout reporting interview questions, and technical notes. (SLD) AU - Hoffman, Lee McGraw Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 82 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washingtion, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-690 KW - Common Core of Data Program KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Research Methodology KW - Males KW - Dropout Rate KW - School Districts KW - Surveys KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Dropouts KW - Sex Differences KW - Enrollment KW - Definitions KW - Data Collection KW - Females UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745310?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Educational Attainment of 1980 High School Sophomores by 1992. 1992 Descriptive Summary of 1980 High School Sophomores 12 Years Later. High School and Beyond. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62742860; ED380659 AB - Data from the fourth follow-up to the High School and Beyond survey were analyzed to identify patterns in the educational attainment, employment outcomes, and family formation of the 1980 sophomore class in 1992. Those members of the 1980 sophomore class who set high goals in high school tended to have higher average levels of educational attainment 10 years after leaving high school than did those who had lower postsecondary expectation. Regardless of respondents' socioeconomic status or performance on standardized tests, those who delayed entry into postsecondary education were less likely to earn a bachelor's degree or higher. Earnings were significantly related to level of educational attainment. Married respondents earned more than those who were never married or divorced. Respondents' voting rates in the 1988 elections were positively associated with educational attainment. More than 95% of those surveyed valued success in work and having steady work, strong friendships, and better opportunities for their children, whereas only 56% felt that having money was important. Approximately half of the respondents had at least one child by 1992, and nearly 10% had three children. (Forty-six tables/figures are included. Appended are a glossary, technical notes, and nine essay standard error tables.) (MN) AU - Tuma, John Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 130 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-304 KW - High School and Beyond (NCES) KW - High School Sophomores KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Grade 10 KW - Employment Level KW - Political Attitudes KW - Family Life KW - Educational Attainment KW - Educational Attitudes KW - Family Attitudes KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Work Attitudes KW - Followup Studies KW - High Schools KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Employment Patterns KW - Tables (Data) KW - High School Students KW - Voting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742860?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Degrees and Other Awards Conferred by Institutions of Higher Education: 1992-93. E.D. TABS. AN - 62742178; ED381079 AB - This report presents data in 20 tables on degrees conferred during the 1992-93 academic year by the nation's accredited institutions of higher education using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Included are tables that show: numbers of degrees conferred by institutional type (public or private), by level of degree, and by sex for all 50 states and the District of Columbia; numbers of degrees conferred by race/ethnicity; numbers of degrees conferred by level of degree; and numbers of awarded certificates, associate's degrees, bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, doctoral degrees, and first-professional degrees under different configurations of variables. Highlighted findings include: (1) institutions conferred 2.2 million degrees in academic years 1992-93, a 3 percent increase over 1991-92; (2) 24 percent of awarded degrees were associate degrees, 54 percent were bachelor's degrees, 17 percent were master's degrees, 2 percent were doctorates, and 3 percent were first-professional degrees; (3) public institutions awarded almost 69 percent of all degrees; (4) women received the majority of degrees (55 percent) as well as the majority of associate, bachelor's and master's degrees; (5) White, non-Hispanics received 77 percent of the degrees awarded, while minorities received 15 percent; (6) Non-resident aliens, who received 5 percent of all degrees received 12 percent of all master's degrees and 27 percent of all doctoral degrees. (JB) AU - Morgan, Frank B. AU - Broyles, Susan G. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 85 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160455553 KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Masters Degrees KW - Ethnicity KW - Student Characteristics KW - Race KW - Higher Education KW - Geographic Regions KW - National Surveys KW - Associate Degrees KW - Degrees (Academic) KW - Bachelors Degrees KW - Professional Education KW - Statistical Data KW - Doctoral Degrees KW - Tables (Data) KW - Sex UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742178?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Survey of Recent College Graduates, 1991. CD ROM Public Release File. [CD-ROM.] AN - 62659802; ED397063 AB - This CD-ROM disc contains data from the Survey of 1989-90 Recent College Graduates (RCG:91), a national survey conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The data available are the public release files in contrast to the restricted use files which are available only under license from NCES. In addition to survey data collection, the RCG:91 study involved a collection of transcripts from sampled bachelor degree recipients. Some of the variables were modified for the public use file: (1) Race/ethnicity (recoded as non-Hispanic Whites and others); (2) Age (24 years and younger or 25 years and older); (3) Grade point average (3 categories); (4) Year subjects started work on their bachelor degree (before 1983 or after 1984); and (5) Major field of study (11 categories). TYPE OF SURVEY: National Survey; Sample Survey. RESPONDENTS: College Graduates. YEAR OF LATEST DATA: 1991. (SLD) Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (Stock No. 065-000-00752-5, $14; make check payable to Superintendent of Documents). KW - Recent College Graduates Study 1991 (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Student Characteristics KW - College Graduates KW - Higher Education KW - Data Collection KW - Sampling KW - National Surveys KW - Data Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62659802?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Survey+of+Recent+College+Graduates%2C+1991.+CD+ROM+Public+Release+File.+%5BCD-ROM.%5D&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Good for Business: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital. The Environmental Scan. A Fact-Finding Report of the Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. AN - 62547011; ED407540 AB - This document reports on barriers to the advancement of minority men and all women into decision-making positions in the private sector that were identified through a study of information from the following sources: 126 employers and employees testifying at public hearings in 5 U.S. cities; 18 commissioned research papers; survey of a sample of 25 chief executive officers (CEOs) selected across a range of industries/geographic areas; 6 racially homogeneous focus groups of Asian/Pacific Islander American, African American, and Hispanic/Latino male executives; 2 focus groups with American Indians; and special data runs of U.S. Census Bureau data. The report identifies societal, business, and governmental barriers to the advancement of minorities/women in the private sector along with successful strategies for overcoming those barriers. Fifty-one tables/figures, a 20-item annotated bibliography, and 76 references are included. Appendixes constituting approximately 30% of this document contain the following: glossary; tables detailing composition of the U.S. civilian labor force by race, sex, and Hispanic origin; corporate practice tables; methodology for measuring glass ceiling realities; standard industrial/occupational classifications; methodology/questions of the CEO survey; focus group methodology; tables characterizing employed persons within industry; roster of individuals testifying at public hearings; and index of tables. (MN) Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 495 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328; World Wide Web: http://www.ilr.cornell.edu. KW - African Americans KW - Civil Rights Act 1991 Title II KW - Glass Ceiling KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Corporations KW - Blacks KW - National Surveys KW - Literature Reviews KW - Employment Practices KW - American Indians KW - Focus Groups KW - Minority Groups KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Employment Patterns KW - Employed Women KW - Work Environment KW - Trend Analysis KW - Labor Force Development KW - Equal Opportunities (Jobs) KW - Employer Attitudes KW - Government Employees KW - Labor Legislation KW - Private Sector KW - Asian Americans KW - Nontraditional Occupations KW - Change Strategies KW - Interviews KW - Annotated Bibliographies KW - Tables (Data) KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62547011?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory ozone modeling: status, directions, and research needs. AN - 21290687; 11701680 AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 have established selected comprehensive, three-dimensional, Photochemical Air Quality Simulation Models (PAQSMs) as the required regulatory tools for analyzing the urban and regional problem of high ambient ozone levels across the United States. These models are currently applied to study and establish strategies for meeting the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone in nonattainment areas; State Implementation Plans (SIPs) resulting from these efforts must be submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in November 1994. The following presentation provides an overview and discussion of the regulatory ozone modeling process and its implications. First, the PAQSM-based ozone attainment demonstration process is summarized in the framework of the 1994 SIPs. Then, following a brief overview of the representation of physical and chemical processes in PAQSMs, the essential attributes of standard modeling systems currently in regulatory use are presented in a nonmathematical, self-contained format, intended to provide a basic understanding of both model capabilities and limitations. The types of air quality, emission, and meteorological data needed for applying and evaluating PAQSMs are discussed, as well as the sources, availability, and limitations of existing databases. The issue of evaluating a model's performance in order to accept it as a tool for policy making is discussed, and various methodologies for implementing this objective are summarized. Selected interim results from diagnostic analyses, which are performed as a component of the regulatory ozone modeling process for the Philadelphia-New Jersey region, are also presented to provide some specific examples related to the general issues discussed in this work. Finally, research needs related to a) the evaluation and refinement of regulatory ozone modeling, b) the characterization of uncertainty in photochemical modeling, and c) the improvement of the model-based ozone-attainment demonstration process are presented to identify future directions in this area. Images Figure 7. Figure 7. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Georgopoulos, P G AD - Ozone Research Center, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1179, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 107 EP - 132 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - Chemical process industry KW - Simulation KW - Air quality KW - Air quality standards KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Photochemicals KW - Jersey KW - Emissions KW - Meteorology KW - Ozone KW - Urban areas KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21290687?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Regulatory+ozone+modeling%3A+status%2C+directions%2C+and+research+needs.&rft.au=Georgopoulos%2C+P+G&rft.aulast=Georgopoulos&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air quality standards; Clean Air Act Amendments; EPA; Photochemicals; Chemical process industry; Emissions; Simulation; Meteorology; Air quality; Urban areas; Ozone; USA; Jersey ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of occupational exposure to electric and magnetic fields and cancer: advancements in exposure assessment. AN - 21259915; 11701679 AB - For over ten years, there has been concern with the potential for increased risk of cancer among "electrical workers." In contrast to studies of residential exposure to magnetic fields, occupational studies include electric and magnetic field exposures and have much greater variability in field intensity, frequency, and temporal patterns. Studies of leukemia in electrical workers show a moderate consistency, with elevated risk ratios of 1.2 to 2.0 commonly observed. Brain tumors are similarly elevated with some consistency, and three recent studies have suggested increased risk of male breast cancer. Retrospective exposure assessment methods were advanced in recent studies of diverse occupations in a study in central Sweden, which yielded evidence of increased risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia among men in more highly exposed occupations. A study of telephone workers in New York State incorporated measurements and found some indication of increased leukemia risk only when exposures were based on historical technology. Utility workers in southern California were studied and found not to have increased risks of leukemia and brain cancer based on exposures estimated with measurements. An ongoing study of electric utility workers at five companies in the United States incorporates an extensive measurement protocol. Randomly selected workers within occupational categories wore a time-integrating magnetic-field meter to provide estimates of exposure for the occupational category. We were able to estimate and partition the variance into between-day (the largest contributor), within occupational categories, and between occupational categories. Principal research needs concern optimal levels of worker aggregation for exposure assignment, historical extrapolation, study of diverse work environments, and integration of residential and occupational exposure in the same study. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Savitz, D A AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 69 EP - 74 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Brain KW - Cancer KW - Utilities KW - USA, New York KW - Leukemia KW - Residential areas KW - Breast cancer KW - magnetic fields KW - USA, California KW - brain tumors KW - Occupational exposure KW - Sweden KW - Technology KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Overview+of+occupational+exposure+to+electric+and+magnetic+fields+and+cancer%3A+advancements+in+exposure+assessment.&rft.au=Savitz%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Savitz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Historical account; Leukemia; Residential areas; Brain; Breast cancer; magnetic fields; brain tumors; Utilities; Cancer; Occupational exposure; Technology; USA, California; USA, New York; Sweden ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radon exposure and cancers other than lung cancer in Swedish iron miners. AN - 21257372; 11703592 AB - Data are presented on the risks of cancers other than lung cancer in a cohort of iron miners from northern Sweden occupationally exposed to elevated levels of the radioactive gas radon. Compared with rates for the four northernmost counties of Sweden, mortality was increased for all cancers other than lung cancer (ratio of observed to expected deaths 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.41), stomach cancer (ratio of observed to expected deaths 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.98), and rectal cancer (ratio of observed to expected deaths 1.94, 95% confidence interval 1.03-3.31). Despite these overall increases, mortality was not significantly associated with cumulative exposure to radon, either for all cancers other than lung cancer or for any site of cancer other than lung cancer individually. However, the data from this cohort on its own have limited power; and for several sites of cancer the data in this study would be consistent with a radon-related increase. Further study of cancers other than lung cancer in populations exposed to radon is required. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Darby, S C AU - Radford, E P AU - Whitley, E AD - Imperial Cancer Research Fund, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 45 EP - 47 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Mortality KW - Occupational safety KW - Mining KW - Iron KW - Cancer KW - Radon KW - Occupational exposure KW - Sweden KW - Lung cancer KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21257372?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Radon+exposure+and+cancers+other+than+lung+cancer+in+Swedish+iron+miners.&rft.au=Darby%2C+S+C%3BRadford%2C+E+P%3BWhitley%2C+E&rft.aulast=Darby&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mortality; Occupational safety; Mining; Iron; Occupational exposure; Radon; Cancer; Lung cancer; Sweden ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between summertime ambient ozone levels and emergency department visits for asthma in central New Jersey. AN - 21255733; 11704917 AB - The 5-year retrospective study of the association between temperature and emergency department (ED) visits for asthma with mean ambient ozone levels between 10:00 and 15:00 was conducted in central New Jersey during the summer months. An association was identified in each of the years (1986-1990). Between 8 and 34% of the total variance in ED visits for asthma was explained by the two environmental variables in the step-wise multiple regression analysis. ED visits occurred 28% more frequently when the mean ozone levels were > 0.06 ppm than when they were & 0.06 ppm. This result was statistically significant in a covariance analysis. An evaluation of the effects of ozone on asthmatics reported in the literature was completed to determine if, as proposed by Bates, the results from different types of studies were coherent among the health metrics. A consistency in the magnitude of reported effects and the time lag between exposure and response for four different health indices (symptom reports, decrements in expiratory flow, ED visits, and hospital admissions) was identified and indicates a coherence between ozone and respiratory response to ozone exposure. This supports a proposition that ozone adversely affects asthmatics at levels below the current U.S. standard. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Weisel, C P AU - Cody, R P AU - Lioy, P J AD - UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - USA, New Jersey KW - Temperature KW - Asthma KW - summer KW - Respiratory diseases KW - emergency medical services KW - Ozone KW - Hospitals KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21255733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+summertime+ambient+ozone+levels+and+emergency+department+visits+for+asthma+in+central+New+Jersey.&rft.au=Weisel%2C+C+P%3BCody%2C+R+P%3BLioy%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Weisel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature; summer; Asthma; Respiratory diseases; emergency medical services; Hospitals; Ozone; USA, New Jersey ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. II. Reproductive effects. AN - 21251716; 11701676 AB - This summary report focuses on current studies on reproductive effects reported at the workshop on Perinatal Exposure to Dioxin-like Compounds and supporting data noted in the discussion. Recent laboratory studies have suggested that altered development (e.g., low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, congenital malformation) and reproductive health (e.g., fertility, sex organ development, reproductive behavior) may be among the most sensitive end points when examining the effects of dioxinlike compounds. Thus, future research should target the reproductive health of both males and females exposed postnatally and prenatally. Studies in humans are needed and are on-going. In animal models, postnatal exposure to dioxin or dioxinlike compounds has been associated with abnormal spermatogenesis and abnormal testicular morphology and size in males and with reduced fertility and endometriosis in females. In utero exposure may also produce profound reproductive consequences in both males and females including delays in sexual maturation, abnormalities in development of sexual organs, and abnormal sexual behavior. The mechanism by which dioxin-like compounds cause reproductive effects is not well delineated. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Eskenazi, B AU - Kimmel, G AD - University of California School of Public Health, Berkeley 94720, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 143 EP - 145 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - sexual behavior KW - Fertility KW - Prenatal experience KW - Abortion KW - low-birth-weight KW - Animal models KW - Congenital defects KW - Organs KW - Dioxins KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+II.+Reproductive+effects.&rft.au=Eskenazi%2C+B%3BKimmel%2C+G&rft.aulast=Eskenazi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sexual behavior; Fertility; Prenatal experience; Abortion; low-birth-weight; Animal models; Congenital defects; Organs; Dioxins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of secondarily-treated sewage effluent on the early life-history stages of two species of brown macroalgae: Hormosira banksii and Durvillaea potatorum AN - 17079280; 3897908 AB - Sewage effluent has a deleterious effect on the early life-history stages of Hormosira banksii Decaisne and Durvillaea potatorum (Labillardiere). High concentrations of sewage effluent (28 and 40% in seawater) inhibit zygote germination by 55 to 95%, retard embryo growth (80 to 100%) and cause severe embryo mortality, with less than 60 and 5% surviving after 14 d, respectively. It is probable that such adverse effects would significantly reduce levels of recruitment of these species in sewage-affected localities, and that sewage effluent has played an important role in the decline of these species from several rock platforms in south-east Victoria, Australia. Zygote germination, embryo growth and embryo mortality were inhibited plus or minus ongruent 40% more strongly in sewage effluent than diluted seawater, showing that the effect of sewage effluent is not simply one of seawater dilution. However, this effect was only observed at high concentrations (28 and 40%). The absence of any difference between the low concentrations of sewage effluent (4 and 12% in seawater) and diluted seawater suggests that the dilution of waste water is important in mitigating its more harmful effects. The sensitivity of H. banksii and D. potatorum embryos to the composition of the medium in which they grow and the ease with which they can be manipulated in culture suggest that they may be utilised as biological indicators of water quality. JF - Marine biology. Berlin, Heidelberg AU - Doblin, MA AU - Clayton, M N AD - Department of Plant Science, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart,Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 689 EP - 698 VL - 122 IS - 4 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - phytobenthos KW - sewage treatment KW - life history KW - statistical analysis KW - reproductive cycle KW - embryos KW - Hormosira banksii KW - PSE, Australia, New South Wales KW - Durvillaea potatorum KW - sexual cells KW - salinity data KW - germination KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17079280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+biology.+Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.atitle=Effects+of+secondarily-treated+sewage+effluent+on+the+early+life-history+stages+of+two+species+of+brown+macroalgae%3A+Hormosira+banksii+and+Durvillaea+potatorum&rft.au=Doblin%2C+MA%3BClayton%2C+M+N&rft.aulast=Doblin&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+biology.+Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Bibliogr.: 44 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phytobenthos; embryos; sewage treatment; statistical analysis; life history; sexual cells; reproductive cycle; salinity data; germination; Hormosira banksii; Durvillaea potatorum; PSE, Australia, New South Wales; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of genetic variation in wild populations of the redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus, von Martens 1868) by means of allozyme and RAPD-PCR markers AN - 17068438; 3887807 AB - The population structure of the redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) was investigated by analyses of allozymes and RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) markers. Electrophoretic analysis of 28 enzyme loci in 12 redclaw populations from the Northern Territory (NT) and North Queensland (NQ) revealed generally low estimates of heterozygosity within each population and low estimates of genetic differentiation among populations except for a fixed allelic difference at the carbonic anhydrase (CA*) locus between NT and NQ populations. Low levels of genetic variability among the NQ populations is possibly a reflection of their recent radiation across the Gulf of Carpentaria after its inundation between 18000 and 6000 BP. RAPD analysis of seven redclaw populations could distinguish each river population and also grouped them according to geographic proximity. RAPD analyses also revealed significant genetic variability both within the species and within individual populations, which could be used to improve their culture. On a preliminary scale, RAPD fragments provided a useful tool for differentiating redclaw strains and constitute a marking system that could be used in crayfish genetic improvement programmes. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - Macaranas, J M AU - Mather, P B AU - Hoeben, P AU - Capra, M F AD - Cent. for Biol. Population Manage., Sch. Life Sci., Queensland Univ. Technol., GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Qld. 4001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 1217 EP - 1228 VL - 46 IS - 8 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - genetic markers KW - genetic variance KW - random amplified polymorphic DNA KW - shellfish culture KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - biogeography KW - Freshwater KW - isoenzymes KW - Cherax quadricarinatus KW - population structure KW - population genetics KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - G 07290:Population genetics KW - Q1 08383:Biogeography and biogeographic regions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17068438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+genetic+variation+in+wild+populations+of+the+redclaw+crayfish+%28Cherax+quadricarinatus%2C+von+Martens+1868%29+by+means+of+allozyme+and+RAPD-PCR+markers&rft.au=Macaranas%2C+J+M%3BMather%2C+P+B%3BHoeben%2C+P%3BCapra%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Macaranas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population genetics; population structure; biogeography; freshwater crustaceans; shellfish culture; isoenzymes; polymerase chain reaction; random amplified polymorphic DNA; genetic markers; genetic variance; Cherax quadricarinatus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The production and trophic ecology of shallow-water fish assemblages in southern Australia. 2. Diets of fishes and trophic relationships between fishes and benthos at Western Port, Victoria AN - 17029855; 3865704 AB - A total of 5113 fishes belonging to 91 species was collected from seagrass and unvegetated habitats at Western Port for dietary analysis between August 1989 and November 1990, with 720 animals having empty guts. None of the common species was found to have a highly specialised diet. Crustaceans were the dominant component in the diets of the majority (69%) of the 88 species with non-empty guts, with five species (a girellid, a mugilid, a monacanthid and two gobiids) consuming large amounts of algal material, and only one species [the garfish Hyporhamphus melanochir (Valenciennes)] ingesting seagrass in any quantity. In general, dietary differences between juveniles and adults of a species were as great as dietary differences between fish belonging to different species when at the same body size. Amongst the crustacean feeders, diets generally changed from predominantly copepods to predominantly peracarids (amphipods, isopods and mysids) at approximately 0.1 g wet body weight, and from predominantly peracarids to predominantly crabs and shrimps at approximately 100 g. Across the range of species examined, there was a close relationship between the size of ingested prey and fish biomass. Prey length averaged 7.5% of predator length. The dominant species in gillnet catches, the mullet Aldrichetta forsteri (Cuvier & Valenciennes), possessed an unusual diet because prey were smaller than for other fishes of the same body size and large quantities of algal material were also consumed. Similar trophic pathways leading to fishes were found in different habitats, with the major linkages being from benthic microalgae and detritus through epifaunal crustaceans to the smaller fishes. The major predators of small fishes were locally-resident species, the rock flathead Platycephalus laevigatus Cuvier & Valenciennes in seagrass beds and the sand flathead Platycephalus bassensis Cuvier & Valenciennes at unvegetated sites. Crustaceans supplied most of the dietary intake for the small fish communities at all sites, with molluscs and polychaetes also important but supplying >25% of food consumed at only two sites. When daily rates of consumption were compared with daily production of food, the production of crustaceans >1 mm sieve size was calculated to be all consumed by fish. The production of the non-crustacean benthos was an order of magnitude higher than that consumed by fish predators. These results indicate that the availability of high quality crustacean prey may limit the production of fishes, and that fishes are likely to compete diffusively for crustacean prey. Additional support for this hypothesis is provided by the observations that the condition of seagrass-associated fish declined, and mortality rates were high, during the autumn season when total fish consumption could not be supported by crustacean production. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Edgar, G J AU - Shaw, C AD - Zool. Dep., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 83 EP - 106 VL - 194 IS - 1 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - feeding behavior KW - marine fish KW - prey selection KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - Australia, Victoria KW - diets KW - body size KW - trophic relationships KW - Pisces KW - food organisms KW - PSE, Australia, Victoria, Western Port KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08281:General KW - Q1 08341:General KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - O 1030:Invertebrates KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17029855?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+production+and+trophic+ecology+of+shallow-water+fish+assemblages+in+southern+Australia.+2.+Diets+of+fishes+and+trophic+relationships+between+fishes+and+benthos+at+Western+Port%2C+Victoria&rft.au=Edgar%2C+G+J%3BShaw%2C+C&rft.aulast=Edgar&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=194&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - prey selection; food organisms; diets; body size; trophic relationships; marine fish; feeding behavior; Pisces; Australia, Victoria; PSE, Australia, Victoria, Western Port; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA separation of Pacific northern bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus orientalis (Temminck and Schlegel), from southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau) AN - 17020507; 3860424 AB - Northern and southern bluefin tunas are morphologically similar and can be misidentified, posing problems for fishery management and marketing. Allozyme variation and restriction-site variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were used to distinguish between the two species. A survey of 36 allozyme loci active in white muscle and liver tissue showed that the genetic identity between the species was high (Nei's I = 0.907). One diagnostic locus (sAH*) and two nearly diagnostic loci (ADA* and GDA*) were found, and four loci showed highly significant allele frequency differences (FH*, GPI-A*, PGDH* and sSOD*). A survey of the mtDNA genome, using 15 restriction enzymes and southern blotting, revealed five restriction enzymes that gave species-diagnostic restriction digest profiles (Ban I, Bcl I, Dra I, Pvu II, Xba I) and a further three enzymes (Pst I, Bam HI and Nco I) with large haplotype frequency differences. Mitochondrial DNA analysis provided more reliable discrimination of specimens than did allozyme analysis, although the more rapid allozyme identification will be accurate for most specimens. The two biochemical genetic methods were then used to identify Australian-caught fish of uncertain identity. Six of 12 tuna originally considered to be northern bluefin tuna were confirmed as northern bluefin and six were identified as southern bluefin. The presence of northern bluefin tuna as far south as south-western Tasmania was confirmed. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - Ward, R D AU - Elliott, NG AU - Grewe, P M AD - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 921 EP - 930 VL - 46 IS - 6 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - marine fisheries KW - mitochondrial DNA KW - stock identification KW - tuna fisheries KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Genetics Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - fisheries KW - Thunnus thynnus orientalis KW - Australia Coasts KW - fishery management KW - isoenzymes KW - population genetics KW - identification KW - DNA KW - Thunnus maccoyii KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - G 07205:Mitochondria inheritance KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17020507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Allozyme+and+mitochondrial+DNA+separation+of+Pacific+northern+bluefin+tuna%2C+Thunnus+thynnus+orientalis+%28Temminck+and+Schlegel%29%2C+from+southern+bluefin+tuna%2C+Thunnus+maccoyii+%28Castelnau%29&rft.au=Ward%2C+R+D%3BElliott%2C+NG%3BGrewe%2C+P+M&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population genetics; fisheries; marine fisheries; identification; tuna fisheries; DNA; fishery management; isoenzymes; stock identification; mitochondrial DNA; Thunnus thynnus orientalis; Thunnus maccoyii; Australia Coasts; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical composition of Nyctiphanes australis and its possible use as an aquaculture feed source: Lipids, pigments and fluoride content AN - 17019680; 3862932 AB - Nyctiphanes australis contained, on a dry weight basis, an average of 52% crude protein and 5.0 to 9.5% lipid. The fatty acid profile of N. australis was markedly unsaturated, with a mean total omega 3 fatty acid content of 48.6 plus or minus 2.4% of total fatty acids. N. australis contained high levels of the essential long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5 omega 3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6 omega 3), ranging from 16.6 to 36.5% and 11.1 to 24.8%, respectively. The concentration of total carotenoids ranged from 137 to 302 mu g/g dry wt, with no significant differences in concentrations found with season or life stage. The carotenoids were comprised of 79.5% astaxanthin and 20.5% canthaxanthin. The lipid and pigment compositions of N. australis suggest that the species could serve as a suitable feed source for cultured salmonids. Like other euphausiids, N. australis contained high levels of fluoride, with a seasonal range between 277 and 3507 mu g/g dry wt. The high fluoride levels found in N. australis would not detract from its potential as a feed source for salmonids because ingested fluoride is largely absorbed by the skeleton. JF - Marine biology. Berlin, Heidelberg AU - Virtue, P AU - Johannes, R E AU - Nichols, P D AU - Young, J W AD - CSIRO Div. Oceanogr., Mar. Lab., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 121 EP - 128 VL - 122 IS - 1 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - Euphausiaceae KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - fluorides KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - fish culture KW - nutritive value KW - skeleton KW - marine crustaceans KW - carotenoids KW - Nyctiphanes australis KW - dry weight KW - PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Maria I. KW - feed KW - seasonal variations KW - Salmonidae KW - proteins KW - Q1 08286:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 5040:Processing, Products and Marketing KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17019680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+biology.+Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.atitle=Biochemical+composition+of+Nyctiphanes+australis+and+its+possible+use+as+an+aquaculture+feed+source%3A+Lipids%2C+pigments+and+fluoride+content&rft.au=Virtue%2C+P%3BJohannes%2C+R+E%3BNichols%2C+P+D%3BYoung%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Virtue&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+biology.+Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Bibliogr.: 65 ref. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fluorides; fatty acids; lipids; fish culture; nutritive value; feed; skeleton; seasonal variations; carotenoids; marine crustaceans; proteins; dry weight; Salmonidae; Nyctiphanes australis; PSE, Australia, Tasmania, Maria I.; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and depth distribution of the eggs of orange roughy, Hoplostethus atlanticus (Pisces:Trachichthyidae) AN - 16997098; 3843522 AB - The development of the eggs of deep-sea fish has seldom been described. The eggs of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), a mid-slope benthopelagic fish, were fertilized and incubated at three temperatures. Those incubated at 7 degree C hatched at 13 days; wild eggs were estimated to hatch at 7.3 days. Their development rate was similar to that of eggs of fish from other orders and of shallower-living species. From depth-stratified plankton samples, early-stage eggs were found at 500-700 m. Their buoyancy was estimated to be 6.02 kg m super(-3), the upper end of the range of known fish-egg buoyancies. The eggs rose to the upper mixed layer at an estimated 23.8 m h super(-1), which is faster than ascent rates reported for other fishes. Their relative buoyancy and large size would be the reason for this faster rate. However, large egg size is apparently not an adaptation to enhance development rate; the more rapid rise into warmer water reduces development time but does not fully compensate for the slower development. JF - Marine & Freshwater Research AU - Bulman, C M AU - Koslow, JA AD - CSIRO Div. Fish., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 697 EP - 705 VL - 46 IS - 4 SN - 1323-1650, 1323-1650 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - eggs KW - development KW - depth KW - Hoplostethus atlanticus KW - D 04668:Fish UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16997098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.atitle=Development+and+depth+distribution+of+the+eggs+of+orange+roughy%2C+Hoplostethus+atlanticus+%28Pisces%3ATrachichthyidae%29&rft.au=Bulman%2C+C+M%3BKoslow%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Bulman&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+%26+Freshwater+Research&rft.issn=13231650&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hoplostethus atlanticus; development; depth; eggs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of errors in the placement of the boundary between the west and south coast hake Merluccius spp. stocks on the performance of the current hake management procedure AN - 16964896; 3809260 AB - The present basis for management recommendations for the Cape hake (Merluccius sp.) resource off South Africa assumes that there are two ("West Coast" and "South Coast") stocks, separated by a boundary line running south-west from Cape Agulhas, even though survey results suggest continuity of distribution across this line. A Monte Carlo simulation framework is developed to assess the consequences of an inappropriate placement of this boundary for the performance of the f sub(0,2) harvesting strategy currently applied to this resource. If there are two stocks in the region, their status would be incorrectly assessed, because catches taken from one would be mistakenly allocated to the other, leading to Total Allowable Catches (TACs) differing from those ideally intended. In general, the effects of inappropriate placement of the boundary are slight. The effects of random variation between the West Coast catches and the TACs for that coast are also inconsequential, unless the extent of this variation is substantial. The effect of systematic differences between West Coast catches and the corresponding TACs is of much greater importance. Achieving the desired ratio between the West and South Coast catches leads to less risk, higher TACs over the next five years and a lower probability of a TAC reduction during the same period. These results suggest that greater emphasis should be placed on the fishing industry achieving the desired split of the hake TAC between the West and South coasts. JF - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap AU - Punt, A E AU - Butterworth, D S AU - Martin, J AD - Div. Fish., CSIRO, G.P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 83 EP - 98 VL - 15 SN - 0257-7615, 0257-7615 KW - coastal fisheries KW - fishery boundaries KW - quota regulations KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - PSW, South Africa KW - geographical distribution KW - fishery management KW - Merluccius capensis KW - South Africa KW - Merluccius paradoxus KW - stock assessment KW - D 04700:Management KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16964896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+errors+in+the+placement+of+the+boundary+between+the+west+and+south+coast+hake+Merluccius+spp.+stocks+on+the+performance+of+the+current+hake+management+procedure&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BButterworth%2C+D+S%3BMartin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - quota regulations; fishery boundaries; geographical distribution; fishery management; coastal fisheries; stock assessment; Merluccius capensis; Merluccius paradoxus; PSW, South Africa; South Africa; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stock assessment and risk analysis for the South Atlantic population of Albacore Thunnus alalunga using an age-structured production model AN - 15693474; 3971771 AB - The South Atlantic of albacore is assessed by means of an (observation-error) age-structured production model. Relative abundance (cpue) series up to 1993 from the Republic of China, Japan and South Africa are used in the model-fitting process. Coefficients of variation and confidence intervals for the estimates are obtained using the (conditioned) parametric bootstrap and the percentile methods respectively. The sensitivity of the results to violation of some of the assumptions made by the model, changes to the values of its input parameters, and changes to the abundance series used in the model-fitting process are examined. The results of the age-structured production model are contrasted with those of an age-aggregated observation-error estimator and those of a Bayesian estimator which allows also for fluctuations in recruitment. The resource was estimated to be markedly depleted - to probably slightly above 20% of its pre-exploitation level expressed in terms of exploitable biomass - and to have an annual maximum sustainable yield of slightly less than 25 000 tons. Qualitatively, the results are insensitive to the changes examined. Risk analyses are carried out for a variety of future harvesting strategies. These suggest that recent average annual catches of almost 29 000 tons need to be reduced to below 25 000 tons to prevent continued depletion of the resource. It appears that there would be almost no benefit from the introduction of a minimum size in the fishery. Careful monitoring of the situation is required to allow refinement of these estimates with time, and to check the effectiveness of any management action taken. JF - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap AU - Punt, A E AU - Butterworth, D S AU - Penney, A J AD - Div. Fish., CSIRO Mar. Labs., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 287 EP - 310 VL - 16 SN - 0257-7615, 0257-7615 KW - Atlantic Ocean, South KW - biological age KW - catch/effort KW - depleted stocks KW - fishery regulations KW - overfishing KW - tuna fisheries KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - age composition KW - AS, South Atlantic KW - fishery management KW - Thunnus alalunga KW - population structure KW - stock assessment KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15693474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=Stock+assessment+and+risk+analysis+for+the+South+Atlantic+population+of+Albacore+Thunnus+alalunga+using+an+age-structured+production+model&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BButterworth%2C+D+S%3BPenney%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - fishery regulations; depleted stocks; population structure; overfishing; biological age; tuna fisheries; age composition; fishery management; catch/effort; stock assessment; Thunnus alalunga; AS, South Atlantic; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of future consumption by the Cape fur seal on catches and catch rates of the Cape hakes. 2. Feeding and diet of the Cape fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus AN - 15668730; 3953242 AB - The diet composition of the cape fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus off the west coast of South Africa was determined using the volumetric method from samples collected at sea between 1984 and 1990. Data were stratified spatially and temporally and an attempt was made to exclude from the analysis seals which probably scavenged from trawlers. Teleost fish made up the bulk of the diet, but cephalopods were also important. The results for individual strata were highly variable, but they suggest that young Merluccius capensis contributed some 5-30% of the diet, whereas the fraction of M. paradoxus in the diet was roughly 0-30%. However, if seals feed predominantly inshore and during the day, then the hake portion of the diet would consist almost exclusively of the inshore M. capensis. JF - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap AU - Punt, A E AU - David, JHM AU - Leslie, R W AD - Div. Fish., CSIRO Mar. Lab., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 85 EP - 99 VL - 16 SN - 0257-7615, 0257-7615 KW - feeding behavior KW - fish catch statistics KW - fishery resources KW - marine mammals KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - diets KW - fishery management KW - PSW, South Africa, Western Cape KW - Merluccius KW - food organisms KW - PSW, South Africa, Northern Cape KW - South Africa KW - Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - D 04672:Mammals KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Q1 08371:General KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15668730?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+future+consumption+by+the+Cape+fur+seal+on+catches+and+catch+rates+of+the+Cape+hakes.+2.+Feeding+and+diet+of+the+Cape+fur+seal+Arctocephalus+pusillus+pusillus&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BDavid%2C+JHM%3BLeslie%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - food organisms; marine mammals; diets; fishery management; fishery resources; fish catch statistics; feeding behavior; Merluccius; Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus; PSW, South Africa, Northern Cape; South Africa; PSW, South Africa, Western Cape; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of future consumption by the Cape fur seal on catches and catch rates of the Cape hakes. 1. Feeding and diet of the Cape hakes Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus AN - 15667625; 3953212 AB - Estimates of diet composition and daily ration for the Cape hakes off the South African west coast are updated with information on stomach contents collected during demersal trawl surveys carried out between 1988 and 1994. The estimates of evacuation rates used for Cape hake stomach content analyses are updated using a model of the stomach evacuation process and data for juvenile Cape hake and other gadoids. The estimates of evacuation time are notably larger than those used in earlier analyses, suggesting that the time to evacuate 90% of a prey item ranges from 2 to 10 days depending on the meal size and the size of the predator. The daily ration of the shallow-water M. capensis is estimated to lie between 1,1 and 4,4% of body mass and that for the deep-water M. paradoxus between 0,7 and 4,1% of body mass. Smaller hake constitute an important component of the diet of larger hake, hake constituting up to 50% of the diet of some age-classes. Both hake species are cannibalistic and M. capensis feeds on M. paradoxus where the distributions of the two species overlap. The effect of this cannibalism and interspecific predation can have a marked effect on conclusions regarding the effects of future seal culls, and it is included in the hake-seal-other-predatory-fish-fishery system operating model used to examine the effect of possible future seal culls. JF - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap AU - Punt, A E AU - Leslie, R W AD - Div. Fish., CSIRO Mar. Labs., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 37 EP - 55 VL - 16 SN - 0257-7615, 0257-7615 KW - feeding behavior KW - fishery resources KW - stomach content KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Marine KW - predation KW - diets KW - fishery management KW - PSW, South Africa, Western Cape KW - PSW, South Africa, Northern Cape KW - Merluccius capensis KW - food consumption KW - South Africa KW - Merluccius paradoxus KW - cannibalism KW - Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08341:General KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15667625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+future+consumption+by+the+Cape+fur+seal+on+catches+and+catch+rates+of+the+Cape+hakes.+1.+Feeding+and+diet+of+the+Cape+hakes+Merluccius+capensis+and+M.+paradoxus&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BLeslie%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - predation; food consumption; diets; fishery management; stomach content; cannibalism; fishery resources; feeding behavior; Merluccius capensis; Merluccius paradoxus; Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus; PSW, South Africa, Northern Cape; South Africa; PSW, South Africa, Western Cape; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of future consumption by the Cape fur seal on catches and catch rates of the Cape hakes. 4. Modelling the biological interaction between Cape fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus and the Cape hakes Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus AN - 15665998; 3953207 AB - The 1991 Benguela Ecology Programme Workshop on Seal-Fishery Biological Interactions outlined an approach to examine the qualitative effects of culls of a seal population on catches and catch rates of commercial fisheries. This paper applies that approach to examine the effects of possible culls of Cape fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus on catches and catch rates of the bottom-trawl fishery for the Cape hakes off the South African west coast. The approach involves constructing a "minimal realistic model" of the hake-seal system. The model considered here includes the two species of Cape hake, Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus, the Cape fur seal and an "other predatory fish" component. Values for parameters of the model are derived from biological studies and by fitting to abundance indices for the hake and seal populations. The model is able to mimic the catch rate information for hake satisfactorily for a range of scenarios for the carrying capacity of the seal population, although the trend in hake abundance indicated since seal harvests commenced some four centuries ago until the start of the hake fishery in 1917 is, of course, questionable. The impact of the seal culls examined on the hake fishery is minimal (and can even be detrimental) for the base-case model, which takes account of both hake species and assumes that seals do not prey on the deep-water hake species M. paradoxus. This result is insensitive to changes to the values of most of those parameters of the model that are not well known. However, increasing the extent of predation by seals on M. paradoxus leads to greater projected benefits for the hake fishery under a future seal cull. It seems likely that a change in the future pattern of fishing to reflect a greater relative fishing intensity upon M. capensis would have a similar result. The conclusions of the paper will not necessarily apply to other southern African regions where the M. paradoxus: M. capensis is much lower than on the South African west coast. JF - South African Journal of Marine Science/Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Seewetenskap AU - Punt, A E AU - Butterworth, D S AD - Div. Fish., CSIRO Mar. Labs., GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 255 EP - 285 VL - 16 SN - 0257-7615, 0257-7615 KW - culling KW - feeding behavior KW - fish catch statistics KW - fishery resources KW - marine mammals KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - predation KW - diets KW - fishery management KW - PSW, South Africa, Western Cape KW - models KW - food organisms KW - PSW, South Africa, Northern Cape KW - Merluccius capensis KW - South Africa KW - Merluccius paradoxus KW - Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - O 5020:Fisheries and Fishery Biology KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15665998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+future+consumption+by+the+Cape+fur+seal+on+catches+and+catch+rates+of+the+Cape+hakes.+4.+Modelling+the+biological+interaction+between+Cape+fur+seals+Arctocephalus+pusillus+pusillus+and+the+Cape+hakes+Merluccius+capensis+and+M.+paradoxus&rft.au=Punt%2C+A+E%3BButterworth%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Punt&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=South+African+Journal+of+Marine+Science%2FSuid-Afrikaanse+Tydskrif+vir+Seewetenskap&rft.issn=02577615&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; food organisms; predation; diets; marine mammals; fishery management; fishery resources; fish catch statistics; feeding behavior; Merluccius capensis; Merluccius paradoxus; Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus; PSW, South Africa, Northern Cape; South Africa; PSW, South Africa, Western Cape; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Daily Estimates of Soil Ingestion in Children AN - 14376979; 10500685 JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Stanek, Edward J AU - Calabrese, Edward J Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 276 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - SOIL CONTAMINATION KW - TRACE ELEMENTS KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14376979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Daily+Estimates+of+Soil+Ingestion+in+Children&rft.au=Stanek%2C+Edward+J%3BCalabrese%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Stanek&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; SOIL CONTAMINATION; TRACE ELEMENTS; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Half-Life of Polybrominated Biphenyl in Human Sera AN - 14376867; 10500684 AB - The half-life of polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) in human blood sera was determined using subjects from Michigan who had been exposed to PBB after it had been accidentally substituted for magnesium oxide as an additive for cattle feed in 1974. The subjects examined had at least two PBB measurements 1 yr apart and had an initial level of greater than or equal to 20 ppb. The half-life of PBB for each individual was estimated using simple linear regression of eligible PBB measurements and the times between them. In the subjects, the mean and median PBB levels were 172.8 and 45.5 ppb, respectively. The estimated half-life of PBB in human sera was estimated to be 10.8 yr: 18.5 and 10.2 yr for women and men, respectively. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Rosen, Daniel H AU - Flanders, WDana AU - Friede, Andrew AU - Humphrey, Harold EB AU - Sinks, Thomas H Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 272 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS KW - BLOOD ANALYSIS KW - DISSIPATION RATES KW - MICHIGAN KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14376867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Half-Life+of+Polybrominated+Biphenyl+in+Human+Sera&rft.au=Rosen%2C+Daniel+H%3BFlanders%2C+WDana%3BFriede%2C+Andrew%3BHumphrey%2C+Harold+EB%3BSinks%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=272&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - BLOOD ANALYSIS; POLYBROMINATED BIPHENYLS; DISSIPATION RATES; MICHIGAN; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Polymorphism in the delta -Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Gene May Modify the Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Lead AN - 14375944; 10500681 AB - In 691 members of a construction trade union, associations between the presence of a constitutional variant of delta -aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD-2) and lead concentrations in blood and bone were investigated. Relationships between genotype, blood pressure, and kidney function were also investigated. Overall blood and bone Pb levels were relatively low in the study group. Data indicated that the ALAD-2 genotype was not a significant determinant of blood Pb concentrations among individuals exposed at relative low levels. Blood Pb concentrations were essentially identical between the ALAD genotypes in this population. The observed difference between patella and tibia bone Pb concentrations between genotypes suggested that ALAD status may modify the way in which Pb partitions between these bone deposits. The data suggested that low-level blood Pb concentrations may be associated with subclinical kidney effects and that ALAD-2 may contribute to this phenomenon. The results also suggested a potential ALAD-2 relationship with Pb-associated renal effects. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Smith, CMark AU - Wang, Xi AU - Hu, Howard AU - Kelsey, Karl T Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 248 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - PROTEIN KW - BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS KW - LEAD KW - BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN KW - NEPHROTOXICITY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14375944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Polymorphism+in+the+delta+-Aminolevulinic+Acid+Dehydratase+Gene+May+Modify+the+Pharmacokinetics+and+Toxicity+of+Lead&rft.au=Smith%2C+CMark%3BWang%2C+Xi%3BHu%2C+Howard%3BKelsey%2C+Karl+T&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=CMark&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t photos N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - PROTEIN; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; LEAD; BIOACCUMULATION, HUMAN; NEPHROTOXICITY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mitotic Disturbances and Micronucleus Induction in Syrian Hamster Embryo Fibroblast Cells Caused by Asbestos Fibers AN - 14374090; 10500683 AB - Syrian hamster embryo cell cultures were established to assess the mitotic disturbances and micronucleus induction caused by three different types of asbestos fibers: amosite, crocidolite, and Rhodesian chrysotile. For each dose of asbestos fibers, the number of micronuclei was determined per 2000 cells. The results of the micronucleus assay showed that chrysotile, crocidolite, and amosite induced micronuclei in a dose-dependent manner. The micronuclei frequency depended on the exposure time, reaching a maximum between 48 and 66 h. Amosite was the most potent fiber, with the highest micronuclei frequency at the lowest level of fiber concentration. All three types of fibers were taken up by phagocytosis by the cells within 24 h after administration. The asbestos fibers were found to cause both loss and breakage of chromosomes in the absence of direct interaction with spindle fibers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Dopp, Elke AU - Saedler, Jutta AU - Stopper, Helga AU - Weiss, Dieter G AU - Schiffmann, Dietmar Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 268 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - BIOASSAY KW - ASBESTOS KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14374090?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Mitotic+Disturbances+and+Micronucleus+Induction+in+Syrian+Hamster+Embryo+Fibroblast+Cells+Caused+by+Asbestos+Fibers&rft.au=Dopp%2C+Elke%3BSaedler%2C+Jutta%3BStopper%2C+Helga%3BWeiss%2C+Dieter+G%3BSchiffmann%2C+Dietmar&rft.aulast=Dopp&rft.aufirst=Elke&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=268&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; ASBESTOS; BIOASSAY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tissue Repair Response as a Function of Dose in Thioacetamide Hepatotoxicity AN - 14374009; 10500682 AB - The fungicide thioacetamide has been found to be a potent hepatotoxin. In rats, a doseresponse relationship was developed, where tissue repair and liver injury were two simultaneous but opposing responses to the administration of thioacetamide at concentrations of 50, 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg. Both tissue injury and repair were measured 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h after administration. The serum enzymes alanine aminotransferase and sorbitol dehydrogenase were used as markers of liver injury. In the groups receiving 50, 150, and 300 mg/kg doses, enzyme levels increased initially and then declined to normal, indicating liver injury followed by recovery from that injury. All rats receiving the sublethal doses survived, whereas those receiving the 600 mg/kg dose did not survive. The histopathology of the liver sections is described. Results indicated that, in addition to the magnitude of tissue repair responses, the time at which the repair occurred was critical in restraining the progression of injury. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mangipudy, Raja S AU - Chanda, Sanjay AU - Mehendale, Harihara M Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 260 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES KW - FUNGICIDE DAMAGE KW - ENZYME ACTIVITY KW - HEPATOTOXICITY KW - PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14374009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Tissue+Repair+Response+as+a+Function+of+Dose+in+Thioacetamide+Hepatotoxicity&rft.au=Mangipudy%2C+Raja+S%3BChanda%2C+Sanjay%3BMehendale%2C+Harihara+M&rft.aulast=Mangipudy&rft.aufirst=Raja&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DOSE RESPONSE PROFILES; FUNGICIDE DAMAGE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HEPATOTOXICITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, ANIMAL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air Pollution and Unscheduled Hospital Outpatient and Emergency Room Visits AN - 14371700; 10500686 AB - At Beijing University Hospital in China, data on unscheduled hospital visits were compiled in low- and high-pollution seasons. The 1990 data were compiled from the hospital reception department, while total suspended particulate (TSP) and sulfur dioxide data were measured at the WHO Global Air Monitoring Stations located in Xichen and Donchen. Locally weighted regression was applied to temperature, humidity, day of the week, and the time variable plus SO sub(2) or TSP. A positive association was found between daily hospital outpatient visits and both SO sub(2) and TSP, after adjustment for all other covariates. Sulfur dioxide was significantly associated with internal medicine and pediatric outpatient visits and emergency-room visits, while TSP was a significant predictor for total outpatient visits and pediatric visits. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Xu, Xiping AU - Li, Baoluo AU - Huang, Huying Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 286 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - SULFUR DIOXIDE KW - AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS KW - HEALTH FACILITIES KW - CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC KW - PARTICULATES KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14371700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Air+Pollution+and+Unscheduled+Hospital+Outpatient+and+Emergency+Room+Visits&rft.au=Xu%2C+Xiping%3BLi%2C+Baoluo%3BHuang%2C+Huying&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=Xiping&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=286&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 6 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - SULFUR DIOXIDE; AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS; HEALTH FACILITIES; CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC; PARTICULATES ER - TY - GEN T1 - Challenges Confronting American Indian Youth. Oversight Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. Part 1. AN - 62742341; ED384457 AB - The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs received testimony from American Indian youth about the problems confronting Indian young people on reservations and in urban areas and about their own personal experiences with such problems. Witnesses included college and high school students representing various youth councils and youth organizations at a conference of United National Indian Tribal Youth (UNITY). Statements were also received from senators and from representatives of philanthropic foundations that provide funding to Indian youth programs. Included in the testimony and written statements are the following topics: (1) the efforts of tribal youth councils to involve young people in educational and cultural activities and activities helpful to their communities; (2) high rates of alcohol abuse and unemployment among Native Americans; (3) the need for Native American students attending public schools to be taught about their languages, cultures, and history; (4) the need for an American Indian university providing a full range of graduate degrees; (5) the importance of strong cultural identity and spirituality in preventing social problems and individual despair; (6) community programs to fight alcohol and drug abuse; (7) the involvement of urban Indian youth in gang violence; (8) the importance of positive role models for Indian youth; (9) water rights and traditional natural resources; (10) teen pregnancy; (11) the national youth agenda developed by UNITY; (12) youth leadership development programs, such as Running Strong for American Indian Youth; (13) programs for Native American children and youth funded by the W. K. Kellogg Foundation and the Carnegie Corporation; and (14) juvenile justice needs. (SV) Y1 - 1995/02/09/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Feb 09 SP - 103 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160469848 KW - Congress 104th KW - United National Indian Tribal Youth Network KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - American Indian Reservations KW - Early Parenthood KW - Substance Abuse KW - Youth Leaders KW - Delinquency KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education KW - Youth Programs KW - Educational Needs KW - American Indians KW - Cultural Maintenance KW - Tribes KW - Hearings KW - College Students KW - American Indian Education KW - Primary Sources KW - Youth Problems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742341?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Part 2 (federal agency response), see RC 020 1 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Child Care and Child Welfare. Joint Hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Resources of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth, and Families of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62640072; ED394637 AB - This document outlines the joint hearing before the House of Representatives, between the Committee on Ways and Means, Subcommittee on Human Resources and the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities, Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth and Families. The hearing was scheduled out of concern by Congress members over the proliferation of child care and child welfare programs. There are now more than 45 child care and 35 child and welfare abuse programs in the United States, many of them serving at cross purposes. The hearing begins with an address by Chairman, E. Clay Shaw, and is followed by witness testimonies, including: (1) Ruth Massinga, the Casey Family Program; (2) Helen Blank, the Children s Defense Fund; (3) Carol Bevan, National Council for Adoption; (4) Wade Horn, National Fatherhood Initiative; and (5) Karen Highsmith, New Jersey Department of Human Services. Submissions for the record include statements from: (1) Marcia R. Lowry, American Civil Liberties Union; (2) American Psychological Association; (3) Kenneth Mazik, AuClair Programs; (4) William Tobin, Child Care Institute of America and Early Child Development Center; (5) Child Welfare League of America; (6) Martha Williams, Concord Coalition; (7) Roberta Wroblewski and Elissa Bassler, Day Care Action Council of Illinois; (8) William Tobin, Early Childhood Development Center Coalition and Child Care Institute; (9) Carlos Romero-Barcelo, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and (10) Prema Mathai-Davis, YWCA. (BCG) Y1 - 1995/02/03/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Feb 03 SP - 210 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. KW - Congress 104th KW - Testimony KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Welfare Agencies KW - Federal Aid KW - Legislators KW - Government Role KW - Child Caregivers KW - Welfare Reform KW - Welfare Services KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Childhood Needs KW - Federal Government KW - Child Welfare KW - Federal Programs KW - Child Rearing KW - Day Care KW - Social Services KW - Hearings KW - Government Publications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62640072?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Several pages contain small print. Committee on Wa N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Education's Impact on Economic Competitiveness. Hearing on Examining Education's Impact on Economic Competitiveness before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62733488; ED382862 AB - This document contains the text of testimony presented at a congressional hearing examining education's role in economic competitiveness. Senator James M. Jefford's opening statement is followed by testimony given by representatives of the following agencies and organizations: TRW, Inc., Circuit City Stores, Inc., McGraw-Hill, Inc., Drew University, U.S. Bureau of the Census, University of Southern California, Cornell University, and Knowledge Network for All Americans. Also included is a paper titled "Improving Education: How Large Are the Benefits? How Can It Be Done Efficiently?" (Bishop), and a paper titled "Improving National Economic Competitiveness through Educational Investment" (Lloyd). Charts summarizing the following are contained in the testimony: average annual federal taxes by family for 1991; change in median family income by education; education loan debt; employment by major economic sector from 1800 to 1993; the growing gap between individuals based on mastery of the skills required for economic competitiveness; distribution of available capital stocks in the U.S. business economy; components fueling domestic economic growth in the United States from 1929 to 1990; and shifts in federal budget priorities from 1993 to 1995. (MN) Y1 - 1995/02/02/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Feb 02 SP - 121 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160471206 KW - Congress 104th KW - Economic Competitiveness KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Federal Aid KW - Economic Development KW - Public Policy KW - School Business Relationship KW - Economic Impact KW - Secondary Education KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Taxes KW - Position Papers KW - Policy Formation KW - Hearings KW - Salary Wage Differentials KW - Vocational Education KW - Role of Education KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62733488?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Small type may not reproduce well. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Fall Staff in Postsecondary Institutions, 1991. E.D. TABS. AN - 62747423; ED380015 AB - This report presents 28 tables of data about staff employed by postsecondary institutions in the fall of 1991, using data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). The data indicate the number of staff employed by postsecondary institutions by staff categories such as faculty, managers, and research assistants and by personal characteristics such as full-time/part-time employment status and sex. Data are presented by level and control of institution and by the institution status as a higher education institution. Highlights of the data include the following: (1) almost two-thirds (64%) of all employees in postsecondary institutions were professional and over half (33.6%) of the professional staff were faculty; (2) colleges differ widely by institutional level in their practices of employing full-time staff, as 75 percent of the employees at four-year colleges were employed on a full-time basis compared with 54 percent in two-year and over 65 percent in less-than-two-year institutions; (3) men were employed in greater numbers than women in each type of professional category except in the professional non-faculty category where women comprised 61 percent of the staff; and (4) between 1989 and 1991 the number of faculty employed by four-year and two-year institutions increased by 2 and 6 percent respectively. A glossary and survey methodology discussion conclude the report. (JB) AU - Fernandez, Rosa Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 54 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-317 KW - Full Time Employment KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Professional Personnel KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Full Time Faculty KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Part Time Faculty KW - Employment Statistics KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - College Administration KW - Administrator Characteristics KW - Part Time Employment KW - College Faculty KW - Colleges KW - Sex Differences KW - Community Colleges KW - School Personnel KW - Employment Patterns KW - Universities KW - Tables (Data) KW - Research Assistants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747423?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Understanding Racial-Ethnic Differences in Secondary School Science and Mathematics Achievement. Research and Development Report. AN - 62742745; ED381342 AB - This study was designed to address two related issues: (1) Why are Blacks, Hispanics, and American Indians underrepresented in science and mathematics-related fields, and (2) Why do students of these minority groups have lower achievement test scores in science and mathematics than other students? Data on a number of home, school, and student variables were collected from the 1988 eighth-grade cohort of the National Education Longitudinal Study. Major findings include: (1) At early ages, all students have equally positive attitudes toward science and mathematics learning in school and have similar aspirations for science and mathematics-related careers, but as they get older, more minority students become unprepared to enter these fields as they fall behind in mathematics and science learning; (2) a larger percentage of minority students come from families in poverty which have fewer learning materials at home such as books and computers, and their parents are more likely than others to have low educational levels and to be unemployed and are less likely to provide adequate mentoring or role models for mathematics and science learning; and (3) these minority students are more likely to attend disadvantaged schools where the overall academic and supporting environments are less conducive to learning, suffer from the lack of persistent effort and active involvement in school, and are in low-track achievement groups. Appendices include data tables; National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Databases for Studies of Science and Mathematics in Education; Specification of Variables Used in the Study; and a table of Correlation Coefficients for Contextual and Process Variables. (Contains 44 references.) (MKR) AU - Peng, Samuel S. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 107 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-710 KW - Mathematics Education Research KW - National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 KW - Science Education Research KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Racial Differences KW - Mathematics Education KW - Secondary Education KW - Grade 8 KW - Student Attitudes KW - Science Careers KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Ethnomathematics KW - Cultural Differences KW - Science Achievement KW - Junior High School Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742745?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Common Core of Data (CCD), (NCES CCD92 DISC), Includes data from 1987/88-1992/93. Installation Guide. [CD-ROM.] AN - 62661543; ED397062 AB - The Common Core of Data (CCD) is the primary database of the National Center for Education Statistics on elementary and secondary public education in the United States. CCD is a comprehensive, annual, national statistical database of all elementary and secondary schools and school districts, which contains data that are comparable across all states. The 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the outlying U.S. territories are included. This file contains 6 years of CCD data, from 1987-88 through 1992-93. There are approximately 500,000 school records, 100,000 agency records, and 330 state records. Agency level finance data have been merged with nonfiscal records. Data were provided by the Bureau of the Census. Type of survey: Census, Longitudinal Survey. Population: Schools (500,000), agencies (100,000). Frequency: Annual. Year of earliest data: 1987. Year of latest data: 1993. (SLD) Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 PB - Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (Stock no. 065-000-00745-2, $14; make check payable to Superintendent of Documents). KW - Common Core of Data Program KW - Data Files KW - National Center for Education Statistics KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Databases KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Public Schools KW - Educational Finance KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - School Statistics KW - Census Figures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62661543?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Common+Core+of+Data+%28CCD%29%2C+%28NCES+CCD92+DISC%29%2C+Includes+data+from+1987%2F88-1992%2F93.+Installation+Guide.+%5BCD-ROM.%5D&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Design Effects and Generalized Variance Functions for the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Volume II. Technical Report. AN - 62656432; ED397096 AB - This technical report provides the results of a study on the calculation and use of generalized variance functions (GVFs) and design effects for the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). The SASS is a periodic integrated system of sample surveys conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) that produces sampling variances different from those produced by simple random sampling with fixed sample size. An introduction provides a conceptual and contextual discussion, addressing the reasoning for using general analytical techniques to calculate standard errors for complex survey data. The second section describes groups of survey statistics users might want to select. In Section 3, the procedure and computational formulas for calculating the design effects for the most common types of estimates (totals, means, and proportions) are presented. Section 4 then gives the technical details of GVF fitting. The design effect and GVF results obtained from the 1990-92 SASS are presented in Section 5. Section 6 discusses possible next steps in calculating standard errors for NCES surveys. (Contains 8 tables, 12 figures, and 25 references.) (SLD) AU - Salvucci, Sameena Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 53 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485045 KW - Generalized Variance Functions KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Administrators KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Student Characteristics KW - Error of Measurement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - National Surveys KW - Research Design KW - Computation KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Sampling KW - Sample Size UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62656432?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume I, see TM 025 137. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Design Effects and Generalized Variance Functions for the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Volume I. User's Manual. AN - 62650252; ED397095 AB - This user's manual summarizes the results and use of design effects and generalized variance functions (GVF) to approximate standard errors for the 1990-91 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). It is Volume I of a two-volume publication that is part of the Technical Report series of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The SASS is a periodic integrated system of sample surveys conducted by the NCES that provides information on public and private schools, public school districts, teachers, and administrators. The survey includes several types of teacher and administrator respondents. The 1991 SASS is a set of four related surveys dealing with teacher supply and demand, school administrator characteristics, information about schools and students, and teacher characteristics. This manual introduces the design effect and the GVF for estimating sampling variances for complex surveys such as the SASS. Appendixes contain: (1) variables selected for average design effects and GVF fitting; (2) average design effects tables; (3) GVF tables; and (4) a sum of weights table. (Contains 8 tables, 9 tables in the appendixes, and 33 references.) (SLD) AU - Salvucci, Sameena Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 186 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160485037 KW - Generalized Variance Functions KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Administrators KW - Teacher Characteristics KW - Student Characteristics KW - Error of Measurement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Teacher Supply and Demand KW - Sampling KW - National Surveys KW - Research Design UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62650252?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For Volume II, see TM 025 138. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - High School and Beyond Fourth Follow-Up Methodology Report. Technical Report. AN - 62628832; ED386459 AB - This report describes and evaluates the methods, procedures, techniques, and activities that produced the fourth (1992) follow-up of the High School and Beyond (HS&B) study. HS&B began in 1980 as the successor to the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. The original collection techniques of HS&B were replaced by computer assisted telephone interviews, and other electronic techniques replaced the original methods. HS&B data are more user-friendly and less resource-dependent as a results of these changes. There were 2 components to the fourth follow-up: (1) the respondent survey which was a computer assisted telephone interview (CATI) based on 14,825 members of the 1980 sophomore cohort, and (2) a transcript study based on the 9,064 sophomore cohort members who reported postsecondary attendance. The response to the respondent survey was 85.3%. Response rate for the transcript study varied from 50.4% at private, for-profit institutions to 95.1% at public, four-year institutions. Technical innovations in this survey round included verification and correction of previously collected data through the CATI instrument, online coding applications, and statistical quality control. Survey data and information about the methodology are presented in 49 tables. An appendix contains the transcript request packages. (SLD) AU - Zahs, Daniel Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 136 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-426 KW - High School and Beyond (NCES) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Research Methodology KW - Higher Education KW - National Surveys KW - Educational Attainment KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Academic Records KW - Telephone Surveys KW - Followup Studies KW - High Schools KW - Computer Oriented Programs KW - Data Collection KW - Data Analysis KW - High School Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62628832?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearings on Reform of the U.S. Workforce Preparation System. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training, and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (February 6-7, 1995). AN - 62547450; ED405477 AB - This publication presents two hearings on how to establish and maintain a streamlined, top quality, and efficient system of work force preparation in the United States and the role of the federal government in developing such a system. Testimony consists of statements and prepared statements, letters, and supplemental materials from individuals representing the U.S. Conference of Mayors Employment and Training Council; Commissioner of Labor, State of New Jersey; Lieutenant Governor, Commonwealth of Massachusetts; Education and Employment Issues, U.S. General Accounting Office; Will-Burt Company, Orville, Ohio; California Business Roundtable; Harvard University, Employment and Training Administration, U.S. Department of Labor; Human Resources Development; Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce; U.S. Department of Education; and Pacific Telesis Group, San Francisco, California. (YLB) Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 227 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474574 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Government Role KW - Program Development KW - Hearings KW - Federal Government KW - Vocational Education KW - Job Training KW - Secondary Education KW - Labor Force Development KW - Education Work Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62547450?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-24. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on the Contract with America: Nutrition, the Local Perspective. Hearing before the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62546479; ED406056 AB - This hearing transcript presents testimony on the effects of placing federal nutrition programs in state block grants as required by the Personal Responsibility Act, the welfare bill contained in the "Contract with America." Witnesses testified that federal food programs such as Women Infants and Children (WIC), the Senior Nutrition Program, and school lunch, breakfast, and milk programs, are effective; diminished federal support for nutrition programs will create an unfunded liability for states, localities, and private charities; there are problems in predictability and responsiveness of funding levels in a block grant approach to nutrition programs; changes in nutrition programs could result in greater efficiency; and there are problems in proposed capped entitlement approaches. Testimony was offered by: (1) representatives of school districts; (2) the president of a food research center; (3) a director of a hospital WIC program; (4) the executive director of a senior citizens council; (5) the director of a nutrition services program; and (6) representatives from Missouri, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Texas, Rhode Island, and California. (KDFB) Y1 - 1995/02/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Feb 01 SP - 176 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474531 KW - Congress 104th KW - Contract with America KW - Nutrition Services KW - Older Americans Act 1965 KW - Personal Responsibility and Work Opp Recon Act KW - Special Milk Program KW - Women Infants Children Supplemental Food Program KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Federal Legislation KW - Breakfast Programs KW - Federal Programs KW - Lunch Programs KW - Hearings KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Nutrition KW - Block Grants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62546479?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-23. Document contains several pages N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metals; copper AN - 50137317; 1995-043102 JF - Geotimes AU - Paty, Alma Hale Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 29 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - mineral exploration KW - utilization KW - metal ores KW - copper ores KW - production KW - review KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50137317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Metals%3B+copper&rft.au=Paty%2C+Alma+Hale&rft.aulast=Paty&rft.aufirst=Alma&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - copper ores; metal ores; mineral exploration; production; review; utilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metals in some lagoons of Mexico. AN - 21270336; 11701673 AB - The concentrations of metals, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined in some lagoons to establish the level of metal pollution. The lagoons studied were Alvarado lagoon, Veracruz; San Andres lagoon, Tamaulipas; and Terminos lagoon, Campeche. The concentrations were determined in water, oyster (Crassostrea virginica), and sediments. Metals were accumulated in either oysters or sediments. Cu and Zn were higher in oysters and Fe and Mn were higher in sediments. The results in water samples were compared with the limit established by the Secretaria de Ecologia and Desarrollo Urbano Report and briefly discussed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Vazquez, F G AU - Sharma, V K AU - Alexander, V H AU - Frausto, C A AD - Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, UNAM. Cd. Universitaria. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 33 EP - 34 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Mexico, Veracruz KW - Metals KW - Water sampling KW - Tamaulipa KW - Mexico, Tamaulipas KW - Lagoons KW - Sediments KW - Lead KW - ASW, Mexico, Veracruz, Alvarado Lagoon KW - Mexico KW - oysters KW - Zinc KW - ASW, Mexico, Campeche, Terminos Lagoon KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Cadmium KW - ASW, Mexico, Tamaulipas, San Andres Lagoon KW - ENA 09:Land Use & Planning KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21270336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Metals+in+some+lagoons+of+Mexico.&rft.au=Vazquez%2C+F+G%3BSharma%2C+V+K%3BAlexander%2C+V+H%3BFrausto%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Vazquez&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Metals; oysters; Water sampling; Zinc; Cadmium; Lagoons; Lead; Sediments; Tamaulipa; Crassostrea virginica; Mexico, Veracruz; Mexico; ASW, Mexico, Veracruz, Alvarado Lagoon; Mexico, Tamaulipas; ASW, Mexico, Campeche, Terminos Lagoon; ASW, Mexico, Tamaulipas, San Andres Lagoon ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bone lead measured by X-ray fluorescence: epidemiologic methods. AN - 21262028; 11701674 AB - In vivo X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurement of bone lead concentration (XRF) has emerged as an important technique for future epidemiological studies of long-term toxicity. Several issues germane to epidemiologic methodology need to be addressed, however. First, sources of variability in measurements of bone lead need to be quantified, including imprecision related to the physical measurement itself and the variability of lead deposition over the two main compartments of bones (cortical vs. trabecular) and within each compartment. Imprecision related to the physical measurement can be estimated for each individual measurement based on the variability of the signal and background. Second, approaches to low-level data need to be debated. We argue for using the minimal detection limit (MDL) to compare instruments and interpret individual measurements; however, with regard to epidemiologic studies, we would abandon the MDL in favor of using all point estimates. In analyses using bone lead as an independent variable, statistical techniques can be used to adjust regression estimates based on estimates of measurement uncertainty and bone lead variability. Third, factors that can be expected to modify the relationship between bone lead and toxicity such as gravida history, endocrinological states, nutrition, and other important influences on bone metabolism, need to be identified and measured in epidemiologic studies. By addressing these issues, investigators will be able to maximize the utility of XRF measurements in environmental epidemiologic studies. Images Figure 2. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hu, H AU - Aro, A AU - Rotnitzky, A AD - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 105 EP - 110 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Historical account KW - Fluorescence KW - Data processing KW - Statistical analysis KW - Toxicity KW - Nutrition KW - Lead KW - Bone KW - Ionizing radiation KW - Bone (cortical) KW - Bone turnover KW - Metabolism KW - T 2020:Nutrition and Metabolism KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21262028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bone+lead+measured+by+X-ray+fluorescence%3A+epidemiologic+methods.&rft.au=Hu%2C+H%3BAro%2C+A%3BRotnitzky%2C+A&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Data processing; Fluorescence; Bone (cortical); Ionizing radiation; Statistical analysis; Bone turnover; Toxicity; Nutrition; Lead; Bone; Historical account; Metabolism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relevance of risk assessment to exposed communities. AN - 21260733; 11701672 AB - Current environmental policy tends to evaluate potential, theoretical exposure to health risks by evaluating one chemical or hazard at a time. Risk assessment techniques used by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other government agencies do not evaluate the cumulative impact of exposure to environmental contaminants. This problem is of particular significance to low-income and minority populations who tend to live in neighborhoods and work in locations that involve exposure to pollutants in air, water, and workplace activity. Certain areas within the border typify this lifestyle. The problem is further complicated by the fact that EPA operates separate programs for different "media." Exposure patterns in the border suggest the need for a cross-media pollution prevention approach. Minority recruitment into health research, a coordination of research approaches and dollars, and new resources for effective monitoring of minority communities could provide a basic assessment of the risks and their sources. Further research into the cumulative impacts of prevalent subsets of chemicals is also needed. Recent efforts in the Great Lakes may provide a model for this type of regional, cross-border effort. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Brickey, C AD - Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, University of Arizona, Tucson 85719, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 89 EP - 91 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Risk assessment KW - Pollution monitoring KW - Pollution prevention KW - Socioeconomics KW - Freshwater KW - Risks KW - Air exposure KW - Lakes KW - Public Health KW - Assessments KW - Pollutants KW - Exposure KW - Water Pollution Prevention KW - recruitment KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Recruitment KW - Toxicity KW - Environmental policy KW - Environmental protection KW - Air pollution KW - Risk KW - EPA KW - Water Pollution Effects KW - North America, Great Lakes KW - Monitoring KW - Government agencies KW - Pollution control KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21260733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Relevance+of+risk+assessment+to+exposed+communities.&rft.au=Brickey%2C+C&rft.aulast=Brickey&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Air exposure; Air pollution; Pollution monitoring; Pollutants; Recruitment; Environmental protection; Risks; Pollution control; Freshwater pollution; Risk assessment; EPA; Lakes; Pollution prevention; recruitment; Socioeconomics; Environmental policy; Government agencies; Risk; Public Health; Assessments; Water Pollution Prevention; Water Pollution Effects; Exposure; Toxicity; Monitoring; North America, Great Lakes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental exposure to chromium compounds in the valley of Leon, Mexico. AN - 21253340; 11701671 AB - The effects on the environment and health of the operation of a chromate compounds factory and tanneries in the Leon valley in central Mexico are discussed. Sampling and analysis of chromium were performed in water, soil, and human urine. Groundwater has been polluted in an area of about 5 km2 by the leaching of a solid factory waste, which results in concentrations up to 50 mg/l of hexavalent chromium. The plume shape and extension appear to be controlled by the prevailing well extraction regime. Total chromium was detected in the soil around the factory as a result of both aerial transport and deposition of dust produced in the chromate process and irrigation with tannery-contaminated water. Analysis of the impact of chromium in air and water on populations with various degrees of exposure revealed that highly harmful health effects were not observed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Armienta-Hernandez, M A AU - Rodriguez-Castillo, R AD - Instituto de Geofisica, UNAM, Mexico, D.F., Mexico. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 47 EP - 51 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Dust KW - Soil KW - Factories KW - Exposure KW - Sampling KW - Plumes KW - Chromium compounds KW - Leaching KW - Chromium KW - valleys KW - Dusts KW - irrigation water KW - Mexico KW - Urine KW - Tanning industry KW - Deposition KW - Groundwater KW - SW 1030:Use of water of impaired quality KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21253340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+exposure+to+chromium+compounds+in+the+valley+of+Leon%2C+Mexico.&rft.au=Armienta-Hernandez%2C+M+A%3BRodriguez-Castillo%2C+R&rft.aulast=Armienta-Hernandez&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil; Factories; Chromium compounds; Leaching; Tanning industry; Urine; valleys; Groundwater; Plumes; Dust; irrigation water; Chromium; Exposure; Deposition; Sampling; Dusts; Mexico ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal transport in cells: cadmium uptake by rat hepatocytes and renal cortical epithelial cells. AN - 21251420; 11701670 AB - The toxic metals appear to use the transport pathways that exist for biologically essential metals. In this regard interactions between the toxic and essential metals are possible. This report summarizes recent findings on the transport of cadmium in rat hepatocytes and renal cortical epithelial cells in the presence or absence of certain essential metals. The transport of cadmium in hepatocytes does not require energy and, therefore, is not an active process. It occurs primarily (80%) by temperature-sensitive processes, i.e., ion channels and carriers, that involve interaction with sulfhydryl groups. These processes apparently exist for the transport of essential metals like copper, zinc and calcium. The remaining 20% of the cadmium in hepatocytes is transported via a temperature-insensitive process, possibly by diffusion. In comparison with the hepatocytes, a smaller fraction (30%) of the cadmium transport through the basolateral membrane and none from the apical membrane of the renal cortical epithelial cells is temperature-sensitive. Total accumulation through the basolateral membrane is about twice that through the apical membrane. A majority of the cadmium transport in the renal cells is by diffusion. As in hepatocytes, copper, zinc and mercury antagonize cadmium transport through the apical membranes of the renal cells. The relative antagonism by copper is the same (25%); however, the antagonism by zinc (16%) and mercury (10%) is 4- to 6-fold lower than in hepatocytes. It appears that the relative contribution of various transport pathways available for cadmium uptake is different in each cell type and apparently depends on the morphological and functional differences between the cell membranes. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Shaikh, Z A AU - Blazka, M E AU - Endo, T AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 73 EP - 75 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Channels KW - Metals KW - Membranes KW - Calcium KW - antagonism KW - Zinc KW - Mercury KW - Diffusion KW - Copper KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Metal+transport+in+cells%3A+cadmium+uptake+by+rat+hepatocytes+and+renal+cortical+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Shaikh%2C+Z+A%3BBlazka%2C+M+E%3BEndo%2C+T&rft.aulast=Shaikh&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Channels; Metals; Calcium; Membranes; antagonism; Zinc; Mercury; Diffusion; Copper ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation-reduction reactions of metal ions. AN - 21251073; 11703591 AB - Several metal or metalloid ions exist in multiple oxidation states and can undergo electron transfer reactions that are important in biological and environmental systems. There are endogenous metal ions such as iron, copper, and cobalt that participate in oxidation-reduction reactions with species of oxygen like molecular dioxygen, superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide. These reactions may be modulated by endogenous reducing agents such as glutathione, ascorbate, and tocopherol. The reactions can be described in terms of thermodynamics through the use of standard electrode potentials. A favorable reaction will depend on the concentrations of the reactants and may depend on the pH and/or on the presence of organic ligands that form complexes with the metal or metalloid. Arsenate (As(V)) can react with glutathione in buffered aqueous solutions to produce arsenite (As(III)) and oxidized glutathione. This reaction may be important in the methylation reactions of arsenic. Arsenic species can decrease the red blood cell levels of reduced glutathione, but the products of oxidation and the mechanism of oxidation are more complex than those found in water alone. Chromium (VI) is thought to interact with DNA after first reacting with a reducing agent such as glutathione to form lower oxidation states of chromium. These examples illustrate the importance of oxidation-reduction reactions for toxic metals and metalloids. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Carter, D E AD - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 17 EP - 19 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 103 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - Metals KW - Oxygen KW - Arsenic KW - metal ions KW - Cobalt KW - Oxidation KW - Electrodes KW - Copper KW - Iron KW - ENA 21:Wildlife UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Oxidation-reduction+reactions+of+metal+ions.&rft.au=Carter%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oxygen; Metals; Arsenic; Cobalt; metal ions; Electrodes; Oxidation; Copper; Iron ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminum Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants. AN - 1859377722; 12228360 JF - Plant physiology AU - Delhaize, E. AU - Ryan, P. R. AD - Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, GPO Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 315 EP - 321 VL - 107 IS - 2 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1859377722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+physiology&rft.atitle=Aluminum+Toxicity+and+Tolerance+in+Plants.&rft.au=Delhaize%2C+E.%3BRyan%2C+P.+R.&rft.aulast=Delhaize&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=315&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Plant+physiology&rft.issn=1532-2548&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date created - 2002-09-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant-Related Suppression of Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity and Antibody Responses in Harbor Seals Fed Herring from the Baltic Sea AN - 14375319; 10497128 AB - Increased mortalities among marine mammal populations have been linked with viral infections resulting from contamination-caused immunosuppression. A 2.5 year study of this phenomenon was conducted using harbor seals fed herring from either the contaminated Baltic Sea or the clean Atlantic Ocean. Seals eating the clean fish were more able to develop an immunological response to ovalbumin as measured by a skin responses to this protein antigen. These results confirm the speculations that pollution may have been a root cause of the marine mammal mortalities along the coasts of Europe and North America. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Ross, Peter S AU - De Swart, Rik L AU - Reijnders, Peter JH AU - Van Loveren, Henk AU - Vos, Joseph G AU - Osterhaus, Albert DME Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 162 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION KW - MARINE MAMMALS KW - MARINE POLLUTION DAMAGE KW - PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14375319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Contaminant-Related+Suppression+of+Delayed-Type+Hypersensitivity+and+Antibody+Responses+in+Harbor+Seals+Fed+Herring+from+the+Baltic+Sea&rft.au=Ross%2C+Peter+S%3BDe+Swart%2C+Rik+L%3BReijnders%2C+Peter+JH%3BVan+Loveren%2C+Henk%3BVos%2C+Joseph+G%3BOsterhaus%2C+Albert+DME&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 3 |t graphs N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; MARINE POLLUTION DAMAGE; MARINE MAMMALS; PATHOLOGY, ANIMALLABORATORY ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Retrospective Evaluation of COMPACT Predictions of the Outcome of NTP Rodent Carcinogenicity Testing AN - 14370695; 10497131 AB - The carcinogenic potentials of 40 National Toxicology Program-regulated chemicals were established by the Computer Optimised Molecular Parametric Analysis for Chemical Toxicity (COMPACT), and compared with new rodent carcinogenicity data, Ames mutagenicity data, and the authors' Hazardexpert predictions for carcinogenicity. Concordance between these three monitors ranged from 42% to 86% for different variables. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lewis, David FV AU - Ioannides, Costas AU - Parke, Dennis V Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 178 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - MATHEMATIC MODELS, CARCINOGENESIS KW - TOXICOLOGY KW - CARCINOGEN TESTING KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14370695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Retrospective+Evaluation+of+COMPACT+Predictions+of+the+Outcome+of+NTP+Rodent+Carcinogenicity+Testing&rft.au=Lewis%2C+David+FV%3BIoannides%2C+Costas%3BParke%2C+Dennis+V&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 5 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; MATHEMATIC MODELS, CARCINOGENESIS; TOXICOLOGY; CARCINOGEN TESTING ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A Technique to Expose Animals to Concentrated Fine Ambient Aerosols AN - 14370618; 10497130 AB - An ambient particle concentrator appropriate for use in animal inhalation studies was developed and evaluated using the principle of virtual impactors to concentrate the ambient particles. This is achieved by pulling the particles through three virtual impactors, each of which contains most of the ambient fine mass in a bleed flow at 20% of the total entering flow. Indoor air samples were used as test aerosols. Fine mass and sulfate concentrations were compared to ambient levels using Harvard-Marple impactors. Each stage of the impactor increased particle concentration three times, for a total concentration factor of 25-30. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Sioutas, Constantinos AU - Koutrakis, Petros AU - Burton, Robert M Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 172 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - AEROSOLS KW - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING KW - AIR POLLUTION EQUIPMENT KW - BIOASSAY KW - AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14370618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+Technique+to+Expose+Animals+to+Concentrated+Fine+Ambient+Aerosols&rft.au=Sioutas%2C+Constantinos%3BKoutrakis%2C+Petros%3BBurton%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Sioutas&rft.aufirst=Constantinos&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 2 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - MEASUREMENTS AND SENSING; AEROSOLS; AIR POLLUTION EQUIPMENT; BIOASSAY; AIR POLLUTION RESEARCH ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Crystalline Silica: Risks and Policy AN - 14369983; 10497127 AB - After crystalline silica was identified as a potential carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1988, sand and other products containing this material have required labels indicating their contents. Although research on the risks of low exposure to crystalline silica is underway, it is considered of little value because of the difficulty in quantifying risks, and also because of the frequency with which this substance appears in everyday life. Better returns for public health will be achieved through the regulation of exposure in high-risk occupations, rather than further risk assessment research. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hardy, Timothy S AU - Weill, Hans Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 152 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CANCER RISK KW - HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL KW - SILICATES KW - SAND KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14369983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Crystalline+Silica%3A+Risks+and+Policy&rft.au=Hardy%2C+Timothy+S%3BWeill%2C+Hans&rft.aulast=Hardy&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 30 |t References N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; HEALTH SAFETY, OCCUPATIONAL; CANCER RISK; SILICATES; SAND ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strange Brew: Assessing Risk of Chemical Mixtures AN - 14365369; 10497126 AB - Mixtures of chemicals occur throughout all environmental media, and pose a particular challenge to toxicologists tasked with assessing the risks from exposure to such combinations. Most of the existent standards are for individual compounds, and future research is dedicated to this area. This is attributed to the complexity of analyzing compounds and their multiple mechanisms which may function simultaneously. Out of the confusion of approaches to this topic, three classes of joint interaction have been suggested: additivity, synergy, and antagonism. Within these interactions it is possible to overestimate, underestimate, or correctly estimate the compound interactions. Some of the topics integral to research in this field are toxicokinetics and the interactive mechanisms, extrapolation from other species, and research in epidemiology. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lang, Leslie Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 142 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - RISK ASSESSMENT KW - CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION, MULTIPLE KW - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS KW - SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS KW - TOXICOLOGY KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14365369?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Strange+Brew%3A+Assessing+Risk+of+Chemical+Mixtures&rft.au=Lang%2C+Leslie&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 1 |t diagrams N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - RISK ASSESSMENT; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION, MULTIPLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; TOXICOLOGY; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decline in Liver Neoplasms in Wild Brown Bullhead Catfish after Coking Plant Closes and Environmental PAHs Plummet AN - 14356910; 10497129 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS), linked with liver neoplasms in fish inhabiting contaminated waterways, were monitored for a 2-yr period in the sediments and catfish tissues from the Black River in Ohio. During this period they declined by 65% in the sediments and 93% in the tissues, with PAHs in the sediments declining by a further 99% by 1987. This trend followed the closing of a coking plant in 1983. The frequency of liver cancer in this species has declined to about 25% of the previous frequency. These statistics confirm a causal relationship between PAH exposure and liver cancer. The importance of remediation following the elimination of the source of the pollutant is affirmed. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Baumann, Paul C AU - Harshbarger, John C Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - Feb 1995 SP - 168 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 VL - 103 IS - 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environment Abstracts KW - CARCINOGENIC AGENTS KW - OHIO KW - PATHOLOGY, FISH KW - FISH, FRESHWATER KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/14356910?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvabstractsmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Decline+in+Liver+Neoplasms+in+Wild+Brown+Bullhead+Catfish+after+Coking+Plant+Closes+and+Environmental+PAHs+Plummet&rft.au=Baumann%2C+Paul+C%3BHarshbarger%2C+John+C&rft.aulast=Baumann&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-08-01 N1 - Document feature - |n 4 |t Tables N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - OHIO; CARCINOGENIC AGENTS; PATHOLOGY, FISH; FISH, FRESHWATER; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on the Contract with America: Child Welfare and Childcare. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth and Families of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62661391; ED389429 AB - These hearing transcripts present testimony on the effects of the agenda of past Congresses on child welfare and childcare, focusing on the need for welfare and social services reform, subsidized child care, and abuses of the 1974 Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA). Testimony was heard from: (1) Representatives Randy "Duke" Cunningham, Dale E. Kildee, and Tim Hutchinson; (2) a Virginia parent who asserts that she was charged unfairly with child neglect; (3) a teacher and grand jury deputy foreman who advocates reform of CAPTA; (4) the legal policy director of the Family Research Council of Washington, District of Columbia; (5) the executive director of the National Committee to Prevent Child Abuse; (6) a mother speaking in support of subsidized child care programs; (7) the director of income security issues for the General Accounting Office; (8) the executive director of the California Child Care and Resources and Referral Network; and (9) the associate director of a day care association in York, Pennsylvania. Additional prepared statements, supplemental materials, and position statements from national and regional organizations are included. (MDM) Y1 - 1995/01/31/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jan 31 SP - 239 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160474655 KW - Congress 104th KW - Contract with America KW - False Allegations KW - Republican Party KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Aid KW - Government Role KW - Politics of Education KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Public Policy KW - Child Welfare KW - Federal Legislation KW - Day Care KW - Social Services KW - Hearings KW - Child Neglect KW - Parent Attitudes KW - Administrator Attitudes KW - Child Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62661391?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-22. Document contains small type. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Child Welfare Programs. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight of the Committee on Ways and Means. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62637107; ED394636 AB - This hearing examined whether federal child welfare and foster care programs could be streamlined to better help children, focusing on the efficacy of section 427 of the 1980 Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act, which requires states to report on compliance with 18 separate child protection strategies. Testimony regarding the streamlining or elimination of section 427 was heard from: (1) Assistant Secretary Mary Jo Bane, Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; (2) New Jersey Department of Human Services; (3) National Fatherhood Initiative; (4) Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services; (5) Cook County Office of Public Guardian; (6) Karen Aileen Howze, an adoptive parent; (7) American Civil Liberties Union; (8) Child Welfare League of America; (9) Children's Rights Council; (10) Brigitte Berger, a sociology professor; (11) Maryland Citizen Foster Care Review Board; and (12) National Association of Foster Care Reviewers. Written submissions were also provided by other interested individuals and organizations. (MDM) Y1 - 1995/01/23/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jan 23 SP - 200 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160476828 KW - Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act 1980 KW - Congress 104th KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Administrators KW - Welfare Agencies KW - Social Workers KW - Adoption KW - State Officials KW - Foster Care KW - Child Welfare KW - Block Grants KW - Program Improvement KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Compliance (Legal) KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Private Agencies KW - Adoptive Parents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637107?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-12. Document contains several pages N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. AN - 62740955; ED381661 AB - This document records the oral and written testimony concerning the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills (JOBS) Act from a panel of witnesses representing health and human services and welfare departments in New Jersey, California, Wisconsin, and of program heads for employment development in those states. The witnesses, although having a variety of viewpoints, agreed generally on the following: an emphasis on job placement is necessary to reduce welfare rolls; short-term training should be given; and services such as child care are needed if parents are to obtain and keep jobs. The participants also expressed a need for states to have more flexibility and less paperwork in their JOBS programs so that they could respond to local conditions. Some panelists were more optimistic than others that welfare recipients could be phased off welfare rolls and into work within 2 years, as called for in recent proposals. (KC) Y1 - 1995/01/19/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jan 19 SP - 72 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016046921X KW - Congress 104th KW - Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Program KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Program Effectiveness KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Welfare Reform KW - Educational Needs KW - Job Training KW - Job Skills KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Welfare Recipients KW - Hearings KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Employment Programs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62740955?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-4. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Federal Direct Student Loan Program. CRS Report for Congress. AN - 62738706; ED378875 AB - This report discusses the establishment and operation of the Federal Direct Student Loan Program (DL), enacted by Congress in 1993 to partially replace the existing federal guaranteed student loan programs with a single program that would make loans directly to postsecondary students through their schools. The DL program will be phased in over a 5-year period so that it will originate at least 60 percent of all new federal loans to students during the 1998-99 academic year. The new DL program includes four different repayment plans: standard, graduated, extended, and income-contingent. The development of the income-contingent plan was particularly controversial, since it was estimated that 52 percent of borrowers would be subject to negative amortization at some time during the loan life, increasing their debt. Other concerns about the DL program include its impact on the general availability of loan aid for students, the ability of the U.S. Department of Education to administer the program, and the program costs. (MDM) AU - Schenet, Margot A. Y1 - 1995/01/06/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jan 06 SP - 22 KW - Direct Lending KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Program Descriptions KW - Financial Support KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Loan Repayment KW - Federal Aid KW - Government Role KW - Public Policy KW - Educational Attitudes KW - Student Financial Aid KW - Program Implementation KW - Federal Programs KW - College Students KW - Program Evaluation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62738706?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For a related document, see HE 028 025. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Improving Schools from the Bottom Up: From Effective Schools to Restructuring. Final Report. AN - 62752903; ED384991 AB - This document presents findings of a national study of effective schools programs and other school-based reforms conducted during school year 1991-92. The reforms were broadly defined to encompass school-site improvement efforts designed to develop schoolwide capacity for problem solving, to improve teaching, and to increase student learning. Data were obtained from a survey of a nationally representative sample of local school districts (n=1,555), surveys of administrators in all state education agencies, and intensive case studies of 5 states, 16 districts, and 32 schools. Data from the district survey show that school-based reform was relatively widespread, occurring at all school levels. The case-study data suggest that change efforts varied widely across districts and schools. The study examined the degree to which the reform effort involved meaningful collaboration among school staff, staff ownership of the change process, a focus on teaching and curriculum, building professional capacity among staff, and a focus on student outcomes and equity. The case-study data suggest that the more promising examples of school-based reform often shared a set of characteristics--a clear focus on creating more challenging learning experiences for all students, a school culture in which teachers worked collaboratively and had a voice in decision making, and opportunities for faculty development. The following recommendations are made for supporting promising reform efforts: (1) find a balance between top-down and bottom-up structures; (2) adapt leadership and vision at every level of the system; (3) build local capacity-building systems; (4) devolve some authority to school staff; and (5) clearly tie government mandates and requirements to learning goals. A total of 32 tables and 1 figure are included. Appendices contain notes on methodology and copies of the survey instruments. (LMI) AU - Shields, Patrick M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 204 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Aid KW - School Support KW - Case Studies KW - School Based Management KW - School Districts KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Effective Schools Research KW - School Culture KW - Educational Improvement KW - State Aid KW - School Restructuring KW - State Surveys KW - School Effectiveness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62752903?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - A Citizen's Guide on Using the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy Act of 1974 To Request Government Records. First Report by the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62750111; ED385272 AB - This report explains how to use the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and the Privacy Act of 1974. It reflects all changes to the laws made since 1977: major amendments to the Freedom of Information Act passed in 1974 and 1986; a major addition to the Privacy Act of 1974 was enacted in 1988; and minor amendments to the Privacy Act were made in 1989 and 1990. This guide is intended to serve as a general introduction to the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy Act. It offers neither a comprehensive explanation of the details of these acts nor an analysis of the case law. The guide will enable those who are unfamiliar with the laws to understand the process and to make a request. Sections of the guide include: "How to Use This Guide"; "Which Act to Use"; "The Freedom of Information Act"; and "The Privacy Act of 1974." Appendices provide sample request and appeal letters, bibliographies of congressional publications on both the FOIA and the Privacy Act of 1974, and the text of the FOIA and the Privacy Act of 1974. (MAS) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 72 KW - Freedom of Information Act KW - Privacy Act 1974 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Federal Legislation KW - Freedom of Information KW - Access to Information KW - Information Dissemination KW - Privacy KW - Confidential Records KW - Government Publications KW - Disclosure KW - Laws UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62750111?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Performance of Bureau of Indian Affairs Off-Reservation Boarding Schools. Oversight Hearing To Review the Performance of Bureau of Indian Affairs Off-Reservation Boarding Schools. Hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (June 10, 1994). AN - 62748729; ED382428 AB - A Senate committee hearing received testimony about high dropout rates and other problems at seven off-reservation boarding schools operated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) or by tribal groups under BIA contract. The schools are Pierre Indian Learning Center (South Dakota), Sequoyah Indian High School (Oklahoma), Wahpeton Indian School (North Dakota), Chemawa Indian School (Oregon), Flandreau Indian School (South Dakota), Riverside Indian School (Oklahoma), and Sherman Indian High School (California). Together, these seven schools enrolled 2,623 students at the start of the 1993-94 school year, but had only 1,557 students in attendance at the end of the year. In addition, persons associated with the schools had expressed concern that inadequate funding made it impossible for the schools to deal with rising numbers of court referred students and students with serious social and emotional problems. Testimony from BIA and Indian Health Service administrators, school administrators and board members, tribal leaders, and students discussed the feasibility of the therapeutic community school model, whether the model can be developed for implementation in off-reservation boarding schools, per-pupil funding at the seven schools compared to funding at comparable state residential institutions, needs for psychiatric and other mental health services, substance abuse, parent participation, school monitoring and evaluation procedures, and inadequate dormitories. An appendix of additional materials includes school mission statements, descriptions of service delivery models, a review of the Indian School Equalization Program (ISEP) suggesting that ISEP funding is inadequate, investigations of student criminal activities, profiles of student needs and problems, concept papers on the development of alternative schools, data on academic achievement and mental health indicators, federal boarding school evaluations, research reports on student tobacco use, and a summary of identified school strengths and needs based on correlates of effective schools. (SV) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 890 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160466369 KW - Bureau of Indian Affairs Schools KW - Congress 103rd KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - High Risk Students KW - Special Needs Students KW - Delinquency KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Mental Health KW - Behavior Problems KW - Financial Problems KW - Dropouts KW - Emotional Disturbances KW - Hearings KW - American Indian Education KW - Boarding Schools UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62748729?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Extensive appendix contains several attachments wi N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Stipends for Student Athletes. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (July 28, 1994). AN - 62747653; ED379991 AB - This hearing transcript presents testimony on National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) rules related to payments to student athletes. Testimony was heard from individuals and groups concerned with the influence of money on college athletics, unethical and illegal payments to college athletes, the exploitation of college athletes by colleges and universities, and the issue of whether institutions should pay stipends to college athletes. Testimony was heard from: (1) Representative Cardiss Collins; (2) the president of Florida State University (FSU); (3) a former student athlete at Auburn University (Alabama); (4) the co-founder of Student Athlete Incentive Gifts; (5) the president of the Organization for Understanding and Reform; (6) two Florida attorneys; (7) the president of the Sports Lawyers Association; (8) the NCAA; and (9) two FSU football coaches. (MDM) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 94 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160465486 KW - Congress 103rd KW - National Collegiate Athletic Association KW - Sports Law KW - Student Athletes KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - School Responsibility KW - Program Improvement KW - Ethics KW - Hearings KW - Higher Education KW - Legal Responsibility KW - Intercollegiate Cooperation KW - College Athletics KW - Athletes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62747653?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-147. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act. Oversight Hearing on the Implementation of the Indian Self-Determination Act, and Development of Regulations Following Passage of the 1988 Amendments to the Act before the Subcommittee on Native American Affairs of the Committee on Natural Resources. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (July 29, 1994). AN - 62745365; ED380256 AB - The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 aimed to maximize tribal participation in planning and administration of federal services and programs, and to reduce federal bureaucracy in those programs. Despite passage of the act, tribal attempts to assume operations of federal programs were hindered by increased federal bureaucracy and restrictive contracting regulations. The 1988 amendments to the act were intended to remove contracting barriers, and required the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Service to develop regulations with the participation of tribes by October 1989. Despite the preparation of two sets of negotiated tribal-federal draft regulations between 1988 and 1990, the agencies shut down further tribal consultation from mid-1990 to early 1994. In January 1994, the agencies published proposed regulations that bore little resemblance to prior negotiated drafts, and that actually complicated and raised further barriers to the contracting process. With mounting frustration, the tribes unanimously denounced the proposed regulations and called for legislation that would supplant the regulatory process. Both the House and Senate have introduced amendments to make the act's key provisions self-implementing and to establish a model contract. This document contains testimony and written comments on the situation from representatives of the Department of the Interior and the Department of Health and Human Services, tribal leaders, and lawyers representing tribes and tribal organizations. (SV) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 217 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160467756 KW - Bureau of Indian Affairs KW - Congress 103rd KW - Indian Health Service KW - Indian Self Determination Education Assistance Act KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Health Programs KW - Self Determination KW - Program Administration KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Tribes KW - Bureaucracy KW - Tribally Controlled Education KW - Public Agencies KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - American Indian Education KW - Federal Indian Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62745365?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-105. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on the Proper Federal Role in Education Policy. Hearing before the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (January 12, 1995). AN - 62743752; ED381127 AB - This document records the proceedings of a Congressional hearing on the role of the federal government in education policy. Statements are provided by Richard Riley (Secretary of Education), Bret Schundler (Mayor, Jersey City, New Jersey), Tommy Thompson (Governor, Wisconsin), and Representatives, William L. Clay (Missouri), William F. Goodling (Pennsylvania), Harris W. Fawell (Illinois), Gene Green (Texas), and Thomas C. Sawyer (Ohio). The following federal education programs are discussed: the Goals 2000: Educate America Act, the School-to-Work Opportunities Act, Title 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Work Opportunities Act, Title 1 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and the Improving America's School Act. Discussion includes education and the future; economic development and success; national security; responsible citizenship; access and civil rights; state and local responsibility; program reforms; the role of the Department of Education; research; technology; student aid; federal and state partnerships; education standards; education as a state responsibility; school funding and flexibility; disadvantaged children; public and private schools; decentralization; the role of parents; employment and job training programs; major research findings on school choice; and program costs. (AEF) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016046885X KW - Congress 104th KW - Department of Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I KW - Goals 2000 KW - School To Work Opportunities Act 1994 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Government School Relationship KW - Government Role KW - Parent Role KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Public Schools KW - Access to Information KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Program Costs KW - School Funds KW - Research and Development KW - Economic Development KW - Civil Rights KW - Job Training KW - Program Improvement KW - Decentralization KW - Educational Policy KW - School Choice KW - National Security KW - Private Schools KW - Futures (of Society) KW - Academic Standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62743752?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-2. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Implementation of the Educational Research, Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Select Education and Civil Rights of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (September 15, 1994). AN - 62743517; ED381604 AB - The House Subcommittee met to consider the progress that had been made toward the implementation of the restructuring of the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI) and the fulfillment of its original mission, the equalization of educational opportunities for disadvantaged children. A report on implementation efforts was presented by Sharon P. Robinson, Assistant Secretary of OERI. The passage of the Education Research, Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act, Title IX of the Goals 2000 Educate America Act, reaffirms the Federal government's commitment to reform through research rather than ideology. Progress in making OERI a consumer-driven organization is detailed, with systemic change efforts listed chronologically. Among the most important of the challenges facing OERI is the construction of five new institutes for research and dissemination among which are the Office of Reform Assistance and Dissemination, and The National Library of Education. The remarks of Sharon Robinson were followed by discussion and the supporting statements by Edmund W. Gordon, James McPartland, and Beverly J. Walker. (SLD) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 110 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160466555 KW - Congress 103rd KW - Goals 2000 KW - Office of Educational Research and Improvement KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Access to Education KW - Government Role KW - Information Dissemination KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Equal Education KW - Educational Improvement KW - Minority Groups KW - Federal Legislation KW - Hearings KW - Educationally Disadvantaged KW - Educational Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62743517?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-120. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Model-Based Methods for Analysis of Data from 1990 NAEP Trial State Assessment. Research and Development Report. AN - 62742984; ED380474 AB - Model-based methods for estimating the population mean in stratified clustered sampling are described. The importance of adjusting the weights is assessed by an approach considering the sampling variation of the adjusted weights and its (variance) components. The resulting estimators are more efficient than the jackknife estimators for a variety of datasets obtained from the 1990 Mathematics Trial State Assessment of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). The methods can be extended to two-stage clustering. A general method for estimation of more complex population summaries, such as regression coefficients, is outlined. There are no distributional assumptions in model-based methods, apart from the normality of the sample means. Model-based methods use only the final adjusted weights; the replicate weights can be disposed of, thus radically reducing the size of the dataset and simplifying data handling procedures. The principal advantage of the model-based methods is in efficiency and small bias of the estimators of standard errors for the population mean. Contrary to theoretical claims, the NAEP operationally implemented jackknife estimator of the sampling variance is not unbiased. Eleven tables and 7 figures are included. (Contains 13 references.) (Author/SLD) AU - Longford, T. N. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 87 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-696 KW - Cluster Sampling KW - Jackknifing Technique KW - Mean (Statistics) KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - Trial State Assessment (NAEP) KW - Variance (Statistical) KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Sampling KW - National Surveys KW - Data Analysis KW - Statistical Bias KW - Statistical Distributions KW - Regression (Statistics) KW - Models UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742984?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - State Profiles of Public Elementary and Secondary Education, 1991-1992. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62742921; ED380486 AB - Summary data on the general characteristics, fiscal revenues and expenditures, educational agency and school numbers and sizes, and students and staff for each state, the District of Columbia, and the five outlying areas (American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands) are presented. Factors for which data are reported are those usually needed for a thumbnail sketch of the resources, needs, organization, and special characteristics of education within a state. The report is divided into the U.S. profile, rankings of the states, and profiles of states and outlying areas presented alphabetically. Each profile presents: (1) general characteristics; (2) fiscal information; (3) institutional information; (4) student information; and (5) staff information. Data are presented in 499 figures. An appendix contains a glossary. (Contains 10 references.) (SLD) AU - Bandeira de Mello, Victor AU - Sietsema, John P. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 494 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160454697 KW - United States Territories KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Financial Support KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Student Characteristics KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Income KW - Expenditures KW - Public Schools KW - Profiles KW - State Surveys KW - School Personnel KW - School Size KW - State Norms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742921?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - High Risks and Emerging Fraud: IRS, Student Loans, and HUD. Hearing before the Committee on Governmental Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (July 19, 1994). AN - 62742304; ED381059 AB - These hearing transcripts present testimony on the high risks and emerging fraud in several areas of the federal government, including the Student Loan Program of the Education Department (ED), the Multifamily Housing Program of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) tax return filing. Testimony was heard from concerned senators and government officials responsible for risk management and fraud in these departments and agencies. Current and possible solutions to risk management and fraud were discussed. Opening and/or prepared statements were given by: Senators John Glenn, Byron L. Dorgan, Jim Sasser, William S. Cohen, and William V. Roth, Jr. Testimony was heard from: (1) the special assistant to the comptroller general and the director of tax systems issues, General Accounting Office (GAO); (2) the commissioner, deputy commissioner, and other officials of the IRS; (3) the deputy secretary, inspector general, and other officials of ED; and (4) the inspector general, assistant inspector general for audit, and other officials of HUD. An appendix contains the prepared statements of several witnesses, along with written questions and answers from officials of GAO, ED, HUD, and the Department of Treasury. (MDM) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 120 PB - Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160467926 KW - Congress 103rd KW - Department of Education KW - Department of Housing and Urban Development KW - Family Education Loan Program KW - General Accounting Office KW - Internal Revenue Service KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Taxes KW - Risk KW - Program Improvement KW - Student Loan Programs KW - Fraud KW - Federal Programs KW - Risk Management KW - Hearings KW - Higher Education KW - Public Housing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62742304?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Using HLM and NAEP Data To Explore School Correlates of 1990 Mathematics and Geometry Achievement in Grades 4, 8, and 12: Methodology and Results. Research and Development Report. AN - 62739846; ED380475 AB - This report illustrates the use of hierarchical linear models (HLM) with National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) data to identify school and other correlates of student achievement. Based on an analysis of the 1990 NAEP mathematics achievement data for 4th, 8th, and 12th graders in public schools, this study is part of an ongoing exploratory effort to demonstrate the potential usefulness of HLM with NAEP data. The focus of the report is on the methodology of using HLM with NAEP data, and results of the study are presented as an illustration of the methodology. HLM accurately models the multilevel nature of the data and enables student-level outcomes such as gender and race/ethnicity to be predicted as a function of school-level factors. Several types of HLM analysis were conducted on 1990 NAEP data to predict achievement outcomes in mathematics and geometry, predicting average achievement between schools, the gender gap, and the race/ethnicity gap. The HLM methods worked well to explain variations in achievement but less well for the gender gap and race/ethnicity gaps. Results are discussed in the context of improving the usefulness of NAEP data. Data are presented in 66 tables, with 42 tables of supporting data in an appendix. (SLD) AU - Arnold, Carolyn L. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 213 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-697 KW - Hierarchical Linear Modeling KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Prediction KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - Grade 12 KW - Research Methodology KW - Ethnicity KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Racial Differences KW - Correlation KW - Outcomes of Education KW - Grade 8 KW - Grade 4 KW - Sex Differences KW - Geometry KW - Tables (Data) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62739846?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Residence and Migration of First-Time Freshmen Enrolled in Higher Education Institutions: Fall 1992. E.D. TABS. AN - 62738677; ED378891 AB - This report presents 10 tables of data on the residence and migration of first-time college freshmen in the fall of 1992 using data from the residency portion of the "Fall Enrollment" survey of the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). The data are presented by state, by control and level of institution, for all first-time freshmen, and separately for first-time freshmen who graduated from high school in the 12 months prior to the fall of 1992. The IPEDS residence report for fall 1992 accounted for 2.099 million first-time freshmen. Almost 350,000 of these freshmen (17 percent) migrated between states. Other highlights of the data include the following: (1) the percent of first-time freshmen who left their state to attend college varied considerably by state ranging from a low of 6.4 percent in Utah to a high of 52.9 percent in the District of Columbia; (2) in Rhode Island and Vermont over half the classes of first-time freshmen were from out of state; and (3) first-time freshmen who had graduated from high school in the 12 months prior to the fall of 1992 comprised only about 67 percent of the total class of first-time freshmen. Appendixes describe the survey and offer information on study methodology. (JB) AU - Korb, Roslyn Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 32 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-692 KW - Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Policymakers KW - Community KW - Nontraditional Students KW - In State Students KW - College Freshmen KW - Place of Residence KW - Regional Characteristics KW - Higher Education KW - Migration KW - Migration Patterns KW - Enrollment KW - Student Mobility KW - Tables (Data) KW - Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62738677?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - A Pilot Standard National Course Classification System for Secondary Education. AN - 62738577; ED379358 AB - This publication is the culmination of a major effort to help establish a common terminology, descriptions, and coding structure for course information at the secondary level of education. There had previously been no standard system for collecting, maintaining, reporting, and exchanging comparable information about student course taking patterns. The system was derived using material from five states. Two other states (Virginia and South Dakota) were chosen to test the proposed system. Study staff considered all courses within the course catalogs of selected school systems in these states, but concentrated on the four major academic subject areas (English/language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies) and the three vocational subject areas with the largest enrollments (business and office occupations, vocational and home economics, and agricultural occupations). The proposed system contains 632 courses in 29 subject areas. Every course has a title, description, and basic course title code. Additional fields allow for more detailed information. Examples are given, and subject fields and codes are listed. Seventeen tables present coding information. Appendixes contain numeric and alphabetic lists of codes and titles, as well as a list of participating agencies. (SLD) AU - Bradby, Denise Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 252 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-480 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Comparative Analysis KW - Coding KW - Classification KW - Course Selection (Students) KW - Definitions KW - Standards KW - Pilot Projects KW - Data Collection KW - Vocational Education KW - Secondary Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62738577?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Private Schools in the United States: A Statistical Profile, 1990-91. Statistical Analysis Report. AN - 62738543; ED379360 AB - This report is based on the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) of 1987-88 and 1990-91 and is designed to provide a broad picture of private schools in the United States. The SASS collects data on only a sample of private schools, but collects a much richer picture of each participating school than does the Private School Universe Survey, a supplement to the Common Core of Data. In 1990-91, the SASS found that there were approximately 24,690 private elementary and secondary schools in the United States, serving an estimated 4,673,878 students in kindergarten through grade 12. This suggests that nearly one-quarter of the schools in the nation are private, and that 1 out of every 10 students are in private schools. Findings from the SASS are presented in sections on: (1) characteristics of private schools as units; (2) characteristics of students; (3) characteristics of teachers and principals; (4) educational goals of teachers and principals, their perceptions of school climate, and rates of graduation and college attendance; and (5) descriptive profiles by religious or other affiliation. Ten figures and 44 figures present survey findings. Two appendixes contain tables of standard errors and technical notes. (Contains 31 references.) (SLD) AU - McLaughlin, Don Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 202 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160454700 KW - Schools and Staffing Survey (NCES) KW - United States KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Institutional Characteristics KW - High School Graduates KW - College Bound Students KW - Student Characteristics KW - Educational Objectives KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Religious Education KW - Profiles KW - Enrollment KW - Statistical Data KW - Teachers KW - Data Collection KW - Private Schools KW - Educational Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62738543?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Developments in School Finance. Fiscal Proceedings from the Annual NCES State Data Conference (July 28-30, 1993). AN - 62737441; ED378666 AB - State legislation and new funding mechanisms have changed the traditional landscape of school financing. This publication contains papers by presenters at the annual National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) State Data Conference. Following the foreword, acknowledgments, introduction, and overview, the papers include: (1) "Testimony to the Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, U.S. Senate" (G. Alan Hickrod); (2) "Adequacy Issues in Recent Education Finance Litigation" (R. Craig Wood); (3) "A Report on Educational Facilities" (David S. Honeyman); (4) "Defining and Measuring Opportunity to Learn" (Andrew C. Porter); (5) "The $300 Billion Question: How Do Public Elementary and Secondary Schools Spend Their Money?" (Lawrence O. Picus and Minaz Fazal); (6) "Education Finance Indicators: What Can We Learn from Comparing States with Nations?" (Thomas M. Smith); and (7) "International Comparison of Teacher Salaries and Conditions of Employment" (E. Howard Nelson). References accompany each chapter. Eighteen tables and five figures are included. (LMI) AU - Fowler, William J. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 120 PB - U.S.; Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016045445X KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Educational Facilities KW - Educational Equity (Finance) KW - Access to Education KW - Expenditure per Student KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Tax Effort KW - Teacher Salaries KW - Equalization Aid KW - Foreign Countries KW - School District Wealth KW - Finance Reform KW - School District Spending KW - Standards KW - Educational Economics KW - Court Litigation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62737441?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Ethnographic Collections in the Archive of Folk Culture: A Contributor's Guide. Publication of the American Folklife Center, No. 20. AN - 62737418; ED383635 AB - This booklet provides a practical guide for those interested in contributing material to the Archive of Folk Culture in the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress. The Archive houses one of the largest collections of ethnographic documentation in the world, protects these materials for the future generations, and makes them available to researchers in the study of culture. Its holdings encompass all aspects of folk music, dance, narrative, arts, and material culture of all nations. This booklet explains the legal implications of giving a collection to the Library of Congress and describes how to organize, label, and document the material before transfer. It also includes advice on how collectors can protect ethnographic materials in their own keeping, or store them prior to sending them to the Library of Congress. The table of contents includes the following: (1) Introduction; (2) The Archive of Folk Culture; (3) Types of Contributions; (4) Preparing a Collection for the Archive of Folk Culture; (5) Arranging and Numbering the Collection (Audio and Video Tape Recordings, Manuscripts, Photographs, Film, Computer Diskettes); and (6) Appendixes (Potential Acquisitions Data Sheet, Fieldwork Sample Data Sheet, Audio Tape Log, Video Tape Log, and Photo Log). (EH) AU - Hall, Stephanie A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 35 PB - American Folklife Center, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-8100. SN - 0844408468 KW - American Folklife Center KW - Material Culture KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Community KW - Heritage Education KW - Culture KW - Folk Culture KW - Anthropology KW - Ethnography KW - Libraries KW - Resource Materials KW - Reference Materials KW - Primary Sources KW - Archives KW - Resource Centers KW - Resources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62737418?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For related item. see SO 025 010. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Use of Person-Fit Statistics in Reporting and Analyzing National Assessment of Educational Progress Results. Research and Development Report. AN - 62736781; ED379346 AB - Fit statistics provide a direct measure of assessment accuracy by analyzing the fit of measurement models to an individual's (or group's) response pattern. Students that lose interest during the assessment, for example, will miss exercises that are within their abilities. Such students will respond correctly to some more difficult items and incorrectly to some less difficult items. Most assessment programs, including the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), currently either ignore such response anomalies or assume they do not exist. The use of a weighted-total-fit-mean-square as a measure of assessment accuracy was investigated using data from the 1990 and 1992 NAEP assessments. The distribution of fit across individuals was examined for fit and item-type differences, and the practical significance of this type of fit statistic was explored. It is concluded that this person-fit statistic has little to offer in the analysis of traditional NAEP data. Sixteen tables present analysis results. Appendix A contains 12 subscale tables, and Appendix B presents software routines. (Contains 62 references.) (SLD) AU - Rudner, Lawrence M. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 112 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-713 KW - Accuracy KW - National Assessment of Educational Progress KW - Person Fit Measures KW - Weighting (Statistical) KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Responses KW - Statistical Analysis KW - Goodness of Fit KW - National Surveys KW - Educational Assessment KW - Test Items KW - Difficulty Level KW - Models KW - Measurement Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62736781?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Projections of Education Statistics to 2005. AN - 62736634; ED379347 AB - This edition, the 24th report in a series begun in 1964, provides revisions of projections shown in the previous year's report. It includes statistics on elementary and secondary schools and institutions of higher education at the national level, projecting figures for enrollment, graduates, classroom teachers, and expenditures to the year 2005. Projections reflect the 1990 census, with the incorporation of 1992 estimates and latest assumptions about fertility rate, net immigration, and mortality rate. A methodology section describes models and assumptions used to develop the national projections. They are based on an age-specific enrollment rate model, exponential smoothing models, and econometric models. Most projections show three alternatives, with the first set (middle alternative) expected to be the most likely projection and the low and high alternatives providing a reasonable range of outcomes. A chart provides a brief forecast summary. National enrollment in elementary, secondary, and higher education is predicted to increase over the period, as are numbers of graduates, earned degrees conferred, numbers of classroom teachers, and expenditures. State figures are expected to vary in the forecast period. Data is presented in 70 figures and 52 tables, with an additional 37 tables in four technical appendixes discussing methodology. The report includes a glossary of data and statistical terms. (SLD) AU - Gerald, Debra E. AU - Hussar, William J. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 212 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. VL - NCES-95-169 KW - Projection Research KW - Smoothing Methods KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Statistics KW - Research Methodology KW - Educational Finance KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Educational Trends KW - Higher Education KW - Graduates KW - Econometrics KW - Projective Measures KW - Census Figures KW - Models KW - Estimation (Mathematics) KW - Enrollment KW - Tables (Data) KW - Trend Analysis KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62736634?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For projections to 2004, see ED 365 700. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Jobs Corps Oversight. Hearings on Examining Performance, Accountability, and the Incidence of Violence at Job Corps Sites, before the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session. (January 18-19, 1995). AN - 62733440; ED382813 AB - This document records the oral and written testimony of witnesses who testified at 2 days of U.S. Senate oversight hearings on Job Corps programs. Witnesses included several Senators who have been involved in Job Corps legislation since the program's beginning in 1968, Job Corps program completers and dropouts, and local officials in areas of Job Corps sites. According to their testimony, some Job Corps sites have lost the idealism that permeated their programs when they were formed and have become little more than reform schools. Some former participants complained about incidents of violence in the sites and of little learning taking place. Other program completers said that the Job Corps had been their salvation and was largely responsible for their success in life. Overall, the hearings provided support for the good that Job Corps had accomplished but revealed concern over reports of gangs and violence at the sites and a determination to reform a program that has had many successes over the years. (KC) Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 219 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160470153 KW - Congress 104th KW - Job Corps KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Youth Programs KW - Youth Opportunities KW - Job Training KW - Adult Basic Education KW - Program Improvement KW - Federal Legislation KW - Program Implementation KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - Disadvantaged Youth KW - Program Evaluation KW - Employment Programs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62733440?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains light/broken/small print. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Student Data Handbook, 1994: Elementary/Secondary and Early Childhood Education. On Disk. [CD ROM.] AN - 62659752; ED397064 AB - This handbook is a major effort to establish current and consistent terms, definitions, and classification codes to maintain, collect, report, and exchange comparable information about students. The selection of terms represents the best combined judgment of many individuals as to what data might be most useful for decision making about instruction and support services for students. The primary section of this handbook is the listing of terms and definitions. In addition, there are applications of the handbook including development of surveys and design of automated record systems. The handbook is not a data collection instrument, and does not reflect any type of federal data maintenance requirements. This "infobase" version of the handbook allows users to browse, search, annotate, print, and export information electronically. Installation instructions and a quick-look reference system for handbook use are included. (SLD) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954 (Stock No. 065-000-00769-0, $20; make check payable to Superintendent of Documents). KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Electronic Mail KW - Ancillary School Services KW - Information Dissemination KW - Surveys KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Early Childhood Education KW - Definitions KW - Standards KW - Data Collection KW - Data Analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62659752?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aeric&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Student+Data+Handbook%2C+1994%3A+Elementary%2FSecondary+and+Early+Childhood+Education.+On+Disk.+%5BCD+ROM.%5D&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 3 - Indexed only N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - School-Based Reform: Lessons from a National Study. A Guide for School Reform Teams. AN - 62659428; ED395384 AB - This guidebook was designed to be used as a resource by teachers and school administrators interested in implementing school-based reforms. It provides examples of promising reform strategies and lessons learned from a national study of school-based reform. The congressionally mandated study of Effective Schools Programs was conducted by an independent firm for the United States Department of Education during the 1991-92 school year. Data were obtained through a mail survey of 1,550 school districts, mail and telephone surveys of administrators at all state education agencies, and case studies of reform efforts in 32 schools in 5 states. The states included California, Connecticut, Kentucky, South Dakota, and Washington. Following the introduction, the second section describes the lessons learned from the case studies. The successful examples of school-based reform shared a core set of characteristics: a clear focus on creating more challenging learning experiences for all students; a school culture in which teachers worked collaboratively and had a voice in decisions that directly affected their ability to improve classroom practice; and opportunities for teachers and administrators to gain knowledge and build their professional capacity. The third section provides more detailed examples of schools involved in promising reforms. The fourth section discusses what district staff can do to support school-based reform: (1) serve as an initial stimulus; (2) assemble resources; and (3) offer a broader professional forum. Contains an annotated list of research and how-to resources. (LMI) AU - Quellmalz, Edys Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 85 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160484154 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Action KW - School Restructuring KW - Educational Change KW - School Based Management KW - School Districts KW - School Effectiveness KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - National Surveys UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62659428?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Isolating the Barriers and Strategies for Prevention: A Kit about Violence and Women's Education for Adult Educators and Adult Learners. AN - 62654935; ED396178 AB - This document, which is intended for adult educators, contains information learned during the course of pilot workshops on the connections between violence and women's education that were held in four areas of Canada (Pine Grove, Montreal, Toronto, and the Yukon). First, the pilot workshops and development/use of the document are discussed, and the activities and findings of each workshop are detailed. The barriers identified during the workshops are listed along with the various effects of violence that affect a woman's ability to learn, and selected groups of women who may face violence because of their life situation (disabled women, immigrant women, survivors of sexual abuse, and lesbians) are discussed. The personal experiences of nine women who have been victims of violence are related. The next section, which examines ways of creating a better learning environment, includes articles on the following topics: overcoming violence through writing; getting an education in prison; healing through adventure, reclaiming one's life after being victimized by violence; choosing a counselor, making learning safer and conducting a safety audit, and establishing relationships between students and teachers. Concluding the document are the following: workshop guidelines; woman's bill of rights; guide to survivor's language; and facts about abuse. Contains a list of 71 resources. (MN) AU - Elliott, Anne AU - Williams, Patricia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 89 PB - Canadian Congress for Learning Opportunities for Women, 47 Main St., Toronto, Ontario M4E 2V6, Canada ($8 Canadian plus $2 postage; quantity discounts). SN - 092128313X KW - Canada KW - Empowerment KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Students KW - Practitioners KW - Workshops KW - Teacher Student Relationship KW - Womens Education KW - Guidelines KW - Battered Women KW - Educational Needs KW - Violence KW - Classroom Techniques KW - Correctional Education KW - Prevention KW - Emotional Abuse KW - Foreign Countries KW - Educational Environment KW - Self Actualization KW - Resource Materials KW - Check Lists KW - Change Strategies KW - Coping KW - Annotated Bibliographies KW - Literacy Education KW - Adult Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62654935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ERIC&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Elliott%2C+Anne%3BWilliams%2C+Patricia&rft.aulast=Elliott&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=092128313X&rft.btitle=Isolating+the+Barriers+and+Strategies+for+Prevention%3A+A+Kit+about+Violence+and+Women%27s+Education+for+Adult+Educators+and+Adult+Learners.&rft.title=Isolating+the+Barriers+and+Strategies+for+Prevention%3A+A+Kit+about+Violence+and+Women%27s+Education+for+Adult+Educators+and+Adult+Learners.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (1966-2003) N1 - SuppNotes - Funded by the Family Violence Prevention Division N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Library Resources for the Blind and Physically Handicapped: A Directory with FY 1994 Statistics on Readership, Circulation, Budget, Staff, and Collections. AN - 62650324; ED389302 AB - The first part of this directory of National Library Service (NLS) resources for the blind and physically handicapped lists NLS network libraries and machine-lending agencies, arranged alphabetically by state. The information for each library includes its address, telephone and fax numbers, librarian, hours of operation, book and special collections, assistive devices, special services, and publications; Internet addresses are also included for some of the libraries. Other library resources at the national level are listed in the second part of the directory, arranged alphabetically by the name of the organization. Each entry indicates address, telephone and numbers, contact person, hours of operation, eligibility requirements, book collection, subject coverage, reading levels, distribution policy, and catalog availability. Two appendices give NLS network library statistics for FY 1994 on readership and circulation according to medium (recorded disc, braille, and recorded cassette) and on budget, staff, and collections. (AEF) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 128 PB - Reference Section, National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20542 (free). KW - National Library Service for the Blind KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Library Statistics KW - National Programs KW - Library Collections KW - Audiotape Recordings KW - Library Services KW - Blindness KW - Assistive Devices (for Disabled) KW - Resource Centers KW - Braille KW - Physical Disabilities KW - Library Networks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62650324?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For 1993 statistics, see ED 375 857. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The National Education Goals Report, 1995. Volume Two: State Data. AN - 62641608; ED389099 AB - This document, one of four volumes comprising the 1995 Goals Report, is the fifth in a series of annual reports. This document provides in-depth information on the progress toward the National Education Goals that each state, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marianas, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands has made against its own baseline. A 4-page profile, including graphs and tables, for each state lists each of the goals and information concerning the status of each state's progress toward reaching the goals. Direct measures of the goals and objectives are given in all areas, sidebar graphs pertain to such areas as child health and nutrition; high school completion and dropouts; and other measures of academic achievement, including advanced placement programs, adult literacy, educational environment, and school safety. Two appendixes contain technical notes and acknowledgements. The 1995 National Education Goals Report Questionnaire is also included. (LMI) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 264 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Adult Literacy KW - Educational Objectives KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Professional Development KW - School Safety KW - Graduation KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Parent Participation KW - Academic Persistence KW - State Norms KW - School Readiness KW - Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641608?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other volumes in the 1995 report, see EA 027 4 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The National Education Goals Report, 1995. Volume One: National Data. AN - 62641411; ED389098 AB - This document, one of four volumes comprising the 1995 Goals Report, is the fifth in a series of annual reports. This document provides in-depth information for on the progress toward the National Education Goals at the national level. The report is divided in sections pertaining to Goals 1-8. Each section discusses the Goal, identifies objectives, and presents a series of exhibits representing indicators for the national volume. Changes in progress are noted for the charts and sidebars highlight important information. The nation has made encouraging progress in mathematics achievement; prenatal care; and participation in Advanced Placement examinations in core areas such as English, mathematics, science, and history. Other areas, however, call for improvement. Data show that the United States has fallen behind in achieving the goals of adult literacy and lifelong learning and safe, disciplined, and alcohol- and drug-free schools. One essential step is for schools and families to form strong partnerships to improve education. The National Education Goals Panel's plans for supporting state and community development of academic standards and assessments are highlighted. Eighty-nine figures and a 1995 National Education Goals Report Questionnaire are included. Appendices contain technical notes and sources, acknowledgments, and a list of National Education Goals Panel staff members. (LMI) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 185 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Adult Literacy KW - National Norms KW - Educational Objectives KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Professional Development KW - School Safety KW - Discipline KW - Graduation KW - Alcohol Abuse KW - Parent Participation KW - Academic Persistence KW - School Readiness KW - Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62641411?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For the other volumes in the 1995 report, see EA 0 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Treatment of Juveniles in the Criminal Justice System. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime and Criminal Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (July 14, 1994). AN - 62639004; ED387743 AB - Close to one-fifth of all violent crime is committed by children under 18. Between 1987 and 1992, the number of arrests of juveniles increased by 150 percent, twice the increase for persons 18 years and older, while juvenile arrest for murder increased 85 percent. As stated by Representative Schumer, this hearing was convened so that experts from around the country could advise Congress on how to address the juvenile crime problem. Opening statements were made by the following U.S. Representatives (in order): Charles E. Schumer; F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr., and Steven Schiff. Those presenting testimony were: Dr. Barry Krisberg, National Council on Crime and Delinquency; Edward J. Loughran, Robert F. Kennedy Memorial, National Juvenile Justice Project; David B. Mitchell, Judge, Circuit Court for Baltimore City; Patrick Murphy, Cook County public guardian; Peter Reinharz, Family Court Division, New York City Law Department; Dr. Terence P. Thornberry, School of Criminal Justice, Rochester Youth Development Study, University at Albany; Jo-Ann Wallace, Public Defender Service for the District of Columbia; and John J. Wilson, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (JBJ) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 171 SN - 0160467160 KW - Congress 103rd KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Crime Prevention KW - Delinquency KW - Children KW - Violence KW - Federal Legislation KW - Policy Formation KW - Hearings KW - Delinquency Prevention KW - Delinquency Causes KW - Criminal Law KW - Youth Problems KW - Juvenile Justice KW - Adolescents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62639004?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 85. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Caught in the Crossfire: Kids Talk about Guns. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime and Criminal Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (February 3, 1994). AN - 62638733; ED387744 AB - Each day 13 children are murdered, killed by accident, or take their own lives with guns and at least 30 more are wounded each day. This hearing was held to hear the voices of children on the issue of guns to assist in the creation of a crime bill. Opening statements were made by the following U.S. Representatives (in order): Charles E. Schumer, F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr., John Conyers, Jr., Lamar S. Smith; Dan Glickman, Steven Schiff, George W. Gekas, and Craig A. Washington. Witnesses were: Alicia Brown; Margaret Childers; Tiffany Cruz; Marian Wright Edelman, Children's Defense Fund; Rushon Harrison; Zoe Johnstone; Ruth Leeds; Monique Malloy; Fernando Mateo, Jr.; Megan McGillicuddy; Deseree Troy; and Janea Wells. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 50 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160467012 KW - Congress 103rd KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Crime Prevention KW - Delinquency KW - Gun Control KW - Children KW - Violence KW - Homicide KW - Federal Legislation KW - Guns KW - Policy Formation KW - Victims of Crime KW - Hearings KW - Criminal Law KW - Youth Problems KW - Adolescents KW - Self Injurious Behavior UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62638733?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 82. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Overview of Vocational Education. Hearings on Examining Proposed Legislation Authorizing Funds for Programs of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Act of 1990. Focusing on the Federal and State Role in the Vocational Education Process, before the Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities of the Committee on Labor and Human Resources. United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (April 27 and May 25, 1995). AN - 62638181; ED385782 AB - This document reports the oral and written testimony of witnesses who testified at oversight hearings on vocational education in the United States. The document also includes statements from other sources not present at the hearings. The testimony includes statements from U.S. Senators and Representatives, business leaders, and national and local leaders about the state of vocational education in the United States. The testimony was taken in connection with reauthorization legislation for the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act. The witnesses stressed the increasing need for more, not less, vocational education, if the United States is to remain competitive in the world economy. They stressed the need for integrating academic and vocational education and making sure that every student had skills that could be used in the job market. They pointed to successes in Germany and Japan and to some local successes; however, the testimony showed that much remains to be done in improving vocational education and in improving how results are measured and programs are coordinated to reduce waste and duplication. (KC) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 140 PB - Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016047471X KW - Carl D Perkins Voc and Appl Techn Educ Act 1990 KW - Congress 104th KW - Reauthorization Legislation KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - State Programs KW - Postsecondary Education KW - Federal Legislation KW - Federal Programs KW - Hearings KW - Vocational Education KW - Federal State Relationship KW - Educational Needs KW - Secondary Education KW - Futures (of Society) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62638181?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - The National Education Goals Report, 1995. Building a Nation of Learners. AN - 62637981; ED389097 AB - This document, one of four volumes comprising the 1995 Goals Report, is the fifth in a series of annual reports. This core report for 1995 focuses on approximately two dozen indicators that show the progress made by the United States toward the National Education Goals. National performance has improved in five areas, gotten worse in seven, and, in eight areas, no significant changes in national performance have occurred. Progress has occurred in the areas of student readiness and mathematics achievement; participation in Advanced Placement examinations such as English, mathematics, science, and history; and early prenatal care. However, there has been some decline in the area of providing safe environments conducive to learning. The report focuses on the essential role that families play in helping to achieve the National Education Goals and suggests ways in which schools can involve them in partnerships. State and national progress on the core indicators is presented in detail. Twenty-five figures and eight tables as well as the 1995 National Education Goals Report Questionnaire are included. Appendices contain technical notes and a list of the National Education Goals panel staff. (LMI) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 172 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. KW - National Education Goals 1990 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Science Education KW - Adult Literacy KW - High School Graduates KW - Educational Objectives KW - Mathematics Achievement KW - Academic Achievement KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Professional Development KW - School Safety KW - Educational Improvement KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Parent Participation KW - School Readiness UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637981?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Letter of transmittal and accompanying data have b N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The World Map Project Handbook. AN - 62637130; ED391747 AB - This handbook can be used by anyone with an interest in mapmaking. The step-by-step guide shows how to draw, plan, and color a one-of-a-kind world map. There is a list of materials, supplies, worksheets, and a trouble-shooting appendix for special situations. The guide also provides a variety of enrichment activities to promote continued involvement with the world map. The activities stress cooperative problem-solving for participants of all ages. There are three parts in the guide: (1) "How to Make Your World Map"; (2) "How to Use Your World Map"; and (3) "Resources for Making Your World Map." An appendix containing directional material and a bibliography is also included. (EH) AU - White, Barbara Jo AU - Sheffield, Elise Sprunt Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 80 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426421 KW - Peace Corps KW - World Wise Schools KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Teachers KW - Practitioners KW - Map Skills KW - Area Studies KW - Geographic Location KW - Social Studies KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Geographic Regions KW - Global Education KW - Maps KW - Locational Skills (Social Studies) KW - Cartography KW - Geography KW - Topography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62637130?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Based on "The World Map Project Manual" by Barbara N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Access to Telecommunications Technology. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Telecommunications and Finance of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (September 30, 1994). AN - 62636169; ED387132 AB - This hearing was held to explore the use of technology in education, and how the government can better encourage its use across the country. It is hoped that hearings of this nature will draw attention to the nation's deficiencies in telecommunications and technologies in schools, and that the country will be able to fill those gaps in the near future with the help of educational experts, government agencies, telecommunications and technology companies, as well as the business community. The hearing begins with statements by Congressmen Lehman, Hastert, and Cooper. Additional testimony about the use of telecommunications technology in education was provided by the following persons: Lois Harrison-Jones, Superintendent of Boston Public Schools; John T. Kernan, Chairman and CEO of the Lightspan Partnership, Inc.; Shirley M. Malcom, Head of the Directorate for Education and Human Resources Programs, AAAS; Ron Rescigno, District Superintendent, Hueneme School District; Linda Roberts, Director and Special Advisor, Office of Educational Technology, Department of Education; and Connie Stout, Director, Texas Education Network, TENET Project, Computation Center, University of Texas at Austin. The prepared statement of Richard W. Riley, Secretary of Education, is also included. (MAS) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 104 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 016046823X KW - Congress 103rd KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Computer Networks KW - Access to Information KW - Government Role KW - Hearings KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Telecommunications KW - Educational Technology KW - Computer Uses in Education KW - Information Networks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62636169?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-170. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Hearing on Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session (May 9, 1995). AN - 62634953; ED390342 AB - The subcommittee met to discuss and hear testimony on Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, a law designed to prohibit sex discrimination in intercollegiate athletics at federally funded education programs or activities. Among issues addressed were the means by which universities demonstrate that they are in compliance with Title IX as well as the achievements and benefits of the legislation in the 23 years since it was passed. Witnesses who appeared in panels to testify included House Representatives Hastert and Collins and representatives of the Office of Civil Rights at the Department of Education. Also appearing were representatives of universities including the president of Brown University, Vartan Gregorian, and president of Eastern Illinois University, David L. Jorns. They were either troubled by the direction of Title IX enforcement or felt that current enforcement allows an appropriate level of flexibility in achieving compliance. Representatives of several organizations in the athletic community appeared including the National Association of Collegiate Women Athletics Administrators, the National Wrestling Coaches Association, Women's Sports Foundation, the College Football Association. These offered differing opinions on the impact of Title IX on their sports and athletes. Extensive additional material that was submitted for the record is included. (JB) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 423 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 016047485X KW - Congress 95th KW - Department of Education KW - Title IX Education Amendments 1972 KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Educational Equity (Finance) KW - Educational Legislation KW - Law Enforcement KW - Higher Education KW - Equal Education KW - Sex Discrimination KW - College Athletics KW - Womens Athletics KW - Federal Legislation KW - Program Implementation KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation KW - Compliance (Legal) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62634953?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 104-31. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Kiddie Credit Cards. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Consumer Credit and Insurance of the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (March 10, 1994). AN - 62633717; ED387063 AB - This hearing transcript presents testimony and discussion of a congressional committee on the marketing of credit cards to high school and college students and the consequences of that activity. Chairman Joseph P. Kennedy opened the hearing with a statement describing aggressive credit marketing to this population and some of his concerns. Ruth Susswein of Bankcard Holders of America, a consumer group, testified on the willingness of credit card suppliers to issue credit to a population without traditional credit credentials, marketing strategies, students incurring large debts, and students' need for knowledge and debt limits. Gary J. Flood of Mastercard International testified that most students use their credit cards wisely and gain valuable credit history and experience. He also described efforts to support personal finance education. Paul Allen of VISA, U.S.A., Inc. testified that college students are responsible consumers who need credit cards for a variety of purchases. He also described personal finance education efforts. Ken McEldowney of Consumer Action testified on the industry's reaction to market saturation by stimulating the use of cards for things such as grocery purchases and by suspending traditional criteria for cardholders. He made recommendations for regulation of this market. Michele Bedell, a college student and her mother, Connie Bedell, testified on Michele's experience and her mother's concerns. The hearing closed with discussion. Prepared statements of the witnesses are also included. (JB) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 85 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160465966 KW - Congress 103rd KW - Consumer Credit Laws KW - Consumer Information KW - Consumer Organizations KW - Debt Financing KW - Debtors KW - Personal Finance Training KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Interest (Finance) KW - Credit (Finance) KW - Consumer Education KW - Debt (Financial) KW - Higher Education KW - Financial Problems KW - High Schools KW - Marketing KW - Hearings KW - College Students KW - Consumer Economics KW - High School Students KW - Credit Cards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62633717?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. 103-124. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - The Gun Violence Prevention Act of 1994: Public Health and Child Safety. Hearing on S. 1882, A Bill To Amend Title 18, United States Code, To Promote the Safe Use of Guns and To Reduce Gun Violence before the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (March 23, 1994). AN - 62632999; ED391862 AB - The first of several hearings on the Gun Violence Prevention Act of 1994 introduced and discussed the Act as comprehensive legislation to address gun violence through six discrete initiatives: (1) handgun licensing; (2) prohibition of firearms possession by persons convicted of violent misdemeanors; (3) regulation of gun dealers; (4) limitation of the secondary gun market; (5) requirement of gun safety courses; and (6) banning certain types of guns. Support for the bill was presented by the presiding senators, Paul Simon (Illinois) and Howard Metzenbaum (Ohio). Reservations about the necessity for the legislation, but not about the need for reduction in violence, were expressed by Senators Hank Brown (Colorado) and Orrin Hatch (Utah). A number of speakers supported the bill, with the Surgeon General Joycelyn Elders speaking first. Panel discussions with educators and physicians followed. The testimony of each witness is followed by his or her prepared statement. (SLD) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 131 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160521157 KW - Congress 103rd KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Crime KW - Urban Problems KW - Safety KW - Child Health KW - Gun Control KW - Violence KW - Child Safety KW - Prevention KW - Federal Legislation KW - Policy Formation KW - Hearings KW - Federal Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62632999?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. J-103-47. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Maine Kids at Risk: Juvenile Violence and Crime. Hearing on Strategies To Combat Juvenile Violence and Crime in the State of Maine before the Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice of the Committee on the Judiciary. United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, Second Session (Portland, ME, April 8, 1994). AN - 62623112; ED389784 AB - Evidence was gathered from those involved with at-risk children and juvenile offenders in Maine on how the Federal Government can best help states and communities battle juvenile crime. The kinds of prevention and intervention programs that work were considered, with the allocation of public resources an underlying concern. Panels of educators, social service providers, youth workers, community representatives, and young people in the process of turning their lives around made it clear that simply holding youthful offenders accountable for crimes is not enough. Governments need to work to eliminate domestic violence, child abuse and neglect, and drug abuse. Programs must improve the self-esteem of young participants. Mothers and fathers must be held accountable for their children's well-being, and when they ask for help, they should receive it. Although the overall incidence of youth crime in Maine has remained relatively stable when compared to other parts of the country, there is widespread agreement that there has been a proliferation of juvenile crime. Lessons taught by the citizens of Maine have national implications. (SLD) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402. SN - 0160476666 KW - Congress 103rd KW - Maine KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - At Risk Persons KW - Government Role KW - Delinquency KW - Resource Allocation KW - Intervention KW - Youth Programs KW - Violence KW - Prevention KW - Social Services KW - Juvenile Gangs KW - Child Abuse KW - Drug Abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62623112?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Serial No. J-103-54. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - What Should Be the Policy of the United States Government toward the People's Republic of China. National Debate Topic for High Schools, 1995-96. 104th Congress, 1st Session. AN - 62570050; ED399570 AB - Sampling the wide spectrum of opinions reflected in the current literature on the topic, this book presents a compilation of materials and bibliographic references designed to assist high school debaters in researching the topic of whether the United States government should substantially change its policy (foreign and economic) toward the People's Republic of China. Materials in the book include "China's Changing Conditions, Issue Brief" (Robert G. Sutter and others); "China after Deng Xiaoping--Implications for the United States" (Robert G. Sutter and James Casey Sullivan); "China's White Paper on Human Rights" (Tao-tai Hsia and Wendy I. Zeldin); "Hong Kong's Political Transition: Implications for U.S. Interests" (James Casey Sullivan and Robert G. Sutter); "National Interest and U.S. Foreign Policy" (Mark M. Lowenthal); "China in World Affairs--U.S. Policy Choices" (Robert G. Sutter); "United States Security Strategy for the East Asia-Pacific Region"; "China-U.S. Trade Issues" (Wayne M. Morrison); "U.S. Economic, Trade, and Financial Relations with Asia: A Statistical Overview" (James K. Jackson and Wayne M. Morrison); "China and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade" (George D. Holliday); "Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United States of America on the Protection of Intellectual Property"; "China's Transition to the Market" (John P. Hardt); "Implementation of the 1992 Prison Labor Memorandum of Understanding"; and "Chinese Forced Labor Exports to the United States." An approximately 1,000-item annotated bibliography, a guide to information sources, and a list of available government publications on the topic are attached. (RS) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 829 KW - China KW - National Debate Topic KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Political Issues KW - Information Sources KW - Foreign Countries KW - Civil Liberties KW - High Schools KW - Debate KW - Financial Policy KW - Federal Government KW - Foreign Policy KW - Annotated Bibliographies KW - High School Students UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62570050?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - Contains many pages of small type. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Communicating with Parents. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62563210; ED407138 AB - This training guide is intended to assist Head Start staff in meeting their communication goals and enhancing their relationships with parents. Each of the guide's modules details module outcomes, key concepts, and background information. Module 1 addresses communication in the Head Start community and is designed to help participants focus on keys to effective communication such as using a positive approach, making sure to speak and write in a way that is clear and understandable, and appealing to the needs and interests of the listener. Module 2 addresses speaking and listening effectively, and builds on the first module by emphasizing another key to effective communication: respect. Module 3 addresses using plain-language writing and teaches participants to review the factors that can make a piece of writing difficult for a reader, and critique written materials for readability. Module 4 addresses planning the communication process, by enabling participants to take a look at their program's communication efforts and to reflect upon effective staff-parent communication, one-on-one communication, and what can be done to strengthen communication. Contains eight resources. (SD) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 102 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426871 KW - Communication Behavior KW - Communication Strategies KW - Communication Styles KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Parent Teacher Cooperation KW - Preschool Education KW - Parent School Relationship KW - Interpersonal Communication KW - Parent Participation KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Parents KW - Staff Development KW - Communication Skills UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62563210?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Enhancing Children's Growth and Development. Training Guides for the Head Start Learning Community. AN - 62560718; ED407137 AB - This training guide is designed to enhance the skills of Head Start education staff in applying knowledge of how children grow and develop to planning, implementing, and evaluating activities and experiences in the center, at home, and during group socialization sessions. Each of the guide's modules details module outcomes, key concepts, and background information. Module 1 addresses getting to know each child and gives staff an overview of the ecological model of child development, allows staff to apply the model, and reviews what staff already know about the interrelated nature of child development. Module 2 addresses creating environments that support children's growth and development. This module encourages staff to create safe and healthy indoor and outdoor environments that support the developmental characteristics typical of children of different ages. Module 3 addresses planning schedules, routines, and transitions, by focusing on enhancing the staff's capability to plan balanced schedules that match children's developmental stages and support their growth. Module 4 addresses using child development to plan activities. This module involves staff in planning activities that allow children to participate in their own unique ways, in accordance with their individual interests, abilities, and skill levels. The guide's six appendices provide participants with physical, cognitive, social, and emotional child development information and activities that can be used as resources on the job. (SD) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 156 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160426839 KW - Development Education KW - Project Head Start KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Practitioners KW - Teachers KW - Workshops KW - Childhood Needs KW - Staff Development KW - Student Centered Curriculum KW - Individual Development KW - Preschool Education KW - Childhood Interests KW - Self Actualization KW - Developmentally Appropriate Practices KW - Developmental Stages KW - Child Development KW - Teaching Guides KW - Resource Materials KW - Training Methods KW - Developmental Programs KW - Preschool Children KW - Age Differences UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62560718?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other guides in this series, see ED 348 160, E N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Looking Ahead at Environmental Education. AN - 62556569; ED399133 AB - This issue of the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Journal focuses on environmental education and its role in building a sustainable future. Articles include: (1) "Why Environmental Education?" (Carol M. Browner); (2) "EPA's Environmental Education Program" (Diane Berger); (3) "Preparing for the Next Century" (John H. Chafee); (4) "The Environmental Education Advisory Council" (Arva Jackson); (5) "Where Are the Gaps in Environmental Education?" (David B. Rockland); (6) "GLOBE Partnership Launched" (Thomas N. Pyke, Jr.); (7) "Eco-Ed Grows in Brooklyn" (David Lutz); (8) "Problem Solving in Las Vegas" (Gregory Budd and Don Curry); (9) "The President's Environmental Youth Awards Program" (Doris Gillispie and Catharina Japikse); (10) "A Toolbox for Training Teachers" (Paul Nowak, Sr.); (11) "State Profiles in Environmental Education" (Abby Ruskey); (12) "Environmental Literacy and the College Curriculum" (Richard Wilke); (13) "Educating Environmental Managers for Tomorrow" (Julie Jubeir); (14) "Learning for Life in the 21st Century" (Noel J. Brown); (15) "Agenda 21's Plan for Education (from Chapter 36 of Agenda 21); (16) "Rescue Mission: Planet Earth" (David R. Woollcombe); (17) "A Comeback for Prospect Park" (Roy Popkin); and (18) "EPA Journal as a Classroom Tool" (Stephen Tchudi and Nancy Starnes). (JRH) AU - Flagstad, Karen Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 53 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. VL - 21 IS - 2 KW - Environmental Protection Agency KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Partnerships in Education KW - Sustainable Development KW - Environmental Education KW - Teacher Education KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Higher Education UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62556569?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Team Up at Home. Team Nutrition Activity Booklet. Fun Nutrition Activities for the Family. AN - 62491826; ED418956 AB - This guide booklet helps parents teach their children about healthy nutrition at home. It is part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Team Nutrition, which is designed to improve the health and education of children and which actively involves children and their families in nutrition education activities in the school, community, and home. The 16 sections include activities entitled: "What is a Healthy Diet?"; "Building Healthy Meals and Snacks"; "What Do You Know About Food?"; "What Counts as a Serving?"; "What is a Serving?"; "Supermarket Sleuths" (how to grocery shop wisely); "Learning About Food Groups"; "Roots, Stems, Leaves, Fruits, Flowers, or Seeds"; "Eat More Vegetables and Fruits"; "Super Good-for-You Snacks"; "Snacking is Fun and Nutritious"; "Food Gives Us Energy to Move!"; "Keep a Healthy Weight"; "Sensory Fun With Food"; "The Wonderful World of Food"; and "Rainy Day Food Fun". Ten tips describe how to use the Dietary Guidelines at home. (SM) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 41 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9328. SN - 0160490626 KW - Dietary Guidelines for Americans KW - ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE) KW - Parents KW - Eating Habits KW - Nutrition Instruction KW - Foods Instruction KW - Food KW - Dietetics KW - Teamwork KW - Parent Participation KW - Child Health KW - Elementary Secondary Education KW - Physical Health KW - Health Promotion UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/62491826?accountid=14244 LA - English DB - ERIC N1 - Availability - Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward N1 - SuppNotes - For other "Team Nutrition" publications, see SP 03 N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-21 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Tax treatment of expatriated citizens: hearing, July 11, 1995, on S. 453, S. 700, H.R. 831, H.R. 981, H.R. 1535, and H.R. 1812 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-795 AN - 59758703; 1997-0705660 AB - Examines expatriation as a method of tax avoidance and legislative proposals to change the present law; whether it violates human rights under international law; federal income, estate, and gift taxation of US citizens, residents, and nonresidents, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+118 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+118 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160542294 KW - Citizenship -- United States KW - Income tax -- United States KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Legal residence -- Tax aspects KW - Americans in foreign countries -- Taxation KW - Human rights -- International aspects KW - Expatriation -- Tax aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59758703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B118&rft.isbn=0160542294&rft.btitle=Tax+treatment+of+expatriated+citizens%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+453%2C+S.+700%2C+H.R.+831%2C+H.R.+981%2C+H.R.+1535%2C+and+H.R.+1812&rft.title=Tax+treatment+of+expatriated+citizens%3A+hearing%2C+July+11%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+453%2C+S.+700%2C+H.R.+831%2C+H.R.+981%2C+H.R.+1535%2C+and+H.R.+1812&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-054229-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Privatizing public broadcasting: hearing, September 14, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-411 AN - 59751018; 1996-1117260 AB - Examines alternative sources of funding for public radio and TV, such as the possibility of a one-time capitalization and the use of the spectrum auction; impact on educational, informational, children's programming, and rural services. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+114 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+114 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525314 KW - Auctions -- United States KW - Television stations, Noncommercial -- Finance KW - United States -- Media -- Finance KW - Broadcasting, Noncommercial -- Finance KW - Radio stations, Noncommercial -- Finance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59751018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B114&rft.isbn=0160525314&rft.btitle=Privatizing+public+broadcasting%3A+hearing%2C+September+14%2C+1995&rft.title=Privatizing+public+broadcasting%3A+hearing%2C+September+14%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052531-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Teen parents and welfare reform: hearing, March 14, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-349 AN - 59747122; 1996-1113580 AB - Incidence, causes, and responses to births to teenage girls; some focus on the relationship to availability of public welfare payments; recommends policy options; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+113 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+113 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160523230 KW - Transfer payments -- United States KW - Single parents -- United States KW - Single parent family -- United States KW - Social service -- Work with youth KW - Mothers -- Age KW - Social service -- Work with families KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Family allowances -- United States KW - Public welfare -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59747122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B113&rft.isbn=0160523230&rft.btitle=Teen+parents+and+welfare+reform%3A+hearing%2C+March+14%2C+1995&rft.title=Teen+parents+and+welfare+reform%3A+hearing%2C+March+14%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052323-0) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Low-income housing preservation reform: hearing, October 17, 1995, on alternatives to the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990 (LIHPRHA); a program that essentially preserves affordable housing for low- and moderate-income families T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-307 AN - 59746535; 1996-1112630 AB - Examines various proposals to retain restricted rent apartments for low and moderate income families in privately-owned buildings with subsidized mortgages eligible for prepayment and conversion to market-rate rentals; US. Alternatives to the costly LIHPRHA of 1990, which offers financial incentives to building owners to retain federally subsidized mortgages and related rent restrictions. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+132 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+132 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522315 KW - Poor -- Housing KW - Housing -- Government aid KW - Rent -- Subsidies KW - Mortgages -- Subsidies KW - Housing -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59746535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B132&rft.isbn=0160522315&rft.btitle=Low-income+housing+preservation+reform%3A+hearing%2C+October+17%2C+1995%2C+on+alternatives+to+the+Low-Income+Housing+Preservation+and+Resident+Homeownership+Act+of+1990+%28LIHPRHA%29%3B+a+program+that+essentially+preserves+affordable+housing+for+low-+and+moderate-income+families&rft.title=Low-income+housing+preservation+reform%3A+hearing%2C+October+17%2C+1995%2C+on+alternatives+to+the+Low-Income+Housing+Preservation+and+Resident+Homeownership+Act+of+1990+%28LIHPRHA%29%3B+a+program+that+essentially+preserves+affordable+housing+for+low-+and+moderate-income+families&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052231-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Taxation of individuals who renounce their U.S. citizenship: hearing, March 21, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-381 AN - 59737293; 1996-1105030 AB - Examines legislation to assess a capital gains tax on Americans who renounce citizenship; whether the proposal is unconstitutional and violates the right to emigrate and change one's citizenship. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+160 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+160 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525055 KW - Income tax -- United States -- Legislation KW - Citizenship -- United States KW - United States -- Tax policy KW - Human rights -- United States KW - Expatriation -- Tax aspects KW - Income tax -- Capital gains tax UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59737293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B160&rft.isbn=0160525055&rft.btitle=Taxation+of+individuals+who+renounce+their+U.S.+citizenship%3A+hearing%2C+March+21%2C+1995&rft.title=Taxation+of+individuals+who+renounce+their+U.S.+citizenship%3A+hearing%2C+March+21%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052505-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - S. 1043, the Natural Disaster Protection and Insurance Act of 1995: hearing, October 18, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 104-427 AN - 59737164; 1996-0901520 AB - Transfers liability for disaster relief to private-sector insurance companies and authorizes risk pooling through a privately owned Natural Disaster Insurance Corporation. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+95 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+95 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525683 KW - United States -- Insurance sector KW - Disaster relief -- Economic aspects KW - Disaster insurance -- Pools KW - Risk (insurance) -- United States KW - Disaster insurance -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59737164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B95&rft.isbn=0160525683&rft.btitle=S.+1043%2C+the+Natural+Disaster+Protection+and+Insurance+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995&rft.title=S.+1043%2C+the+Natural+Disaster+Protection+and+Insurance+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+October+18%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052568-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Spectrum auctions: hearing, September 12, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-418 AN - 59735973; 1996-0605860 AB - Whether to require TV stations to purchase new spectrum channels, whether to allow HDTV channels to be used for purposes other than broadcast television, and whether to allow entities other than broadcasters to bid for channels. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+152 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+152 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160525144 KW - Broadcasting -- Regulation KW - Mass media -- Regulation KW - High definition television -- United States KW - United States -- Media -- Regulation KW - Television frequency allocation -- United States KW - Digital television -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59735973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B152&rft.isbn=0160525144&rft.btitle=Spectrum+auctions%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1995&rft.title=Spectrum+auctions%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052514-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Stopping abusive and unnecessary Medicare payments: hearing, [May 5, 1995] T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-233 AN - 59723187; 1996-0309300 AB - How a modest investment in Medicare computer systems, that would help to detect and correct inappropriately coded Medicare physician/supplier claims, could save the taxpayers hundreds of millions of dollars annually. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+85 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+85 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520126 KW - Information processing systems -- Government use KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Medicare -- Information processing systems KW - Health insurance -- Fraudulent claims KW - Cost control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59723187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B85&rft.isbn=0160520126&rft.btitle=Stopping+abusive+and+unnecessary+Medicare+payments%3A+hearing%2C&rft.title=Stopping+abusive+and+unnecessary+Medicare+payments%3A+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052012-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Domestic petroleum production and international supply: hearing, March 8, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-50 AN - 59721881; 1996-0203230 AB - Promotion of exploration and development of domestic oil and gas reserves in order to counter the growing dependence on oil imports. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+200 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+200 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472644 KW - Petroleum industry -- United States KW - Government aid to business -- United States KW - Petroleum industry -- Export-import trade KW - Petroleum industry -- Supply and demand KW - Natural gas -- United States KW - United States -- Energy sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59721881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B200&rft.isbn=0160472644&rft.btitle=Domestic+petroleum+production+and+international+supply%3A+hearing%2C+March+8%2C+1995&rft.title=Domestic+petroleum+production+and+international+supply%3A+hearing%2C+March+8%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047264-4) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Burma: narcotics, democracy, and human rights: special hearing, [July 24, 1995] T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-221 AN - 59720638; 1996-0201140 AB - Whether SLORC's unconditional release of Aung San Suu Kyi represents a real movement toward democratic government and national reconciliation; examines US concerns about military campaigns against ethnic groups, trafficking in heroin, and other issues. Refers to Burma's State Law and Order Commission (SLORC). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+81 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+81 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520029 KW - National reconciliation KW - Myanmar -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - Myanmar -- Government and politics KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Myanmar KW - Drug traffic -- Myanmar KW - Human rights -- Myanmar KW - Aung San Suu Kyi KW - Military government -- Myanmar KW - Democracy -- Myanmar UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59720638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B81&rft.isbn=0160520029&rft.btitle=Burma%3A+narcotics%2C+democracy%2C+and+human+rights%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Burma%3A+narcotics%2C+democracy%2C+and+human+rights%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052002-9) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - U.S. assistance programs in the Middle East: hearing, May 11, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-120 AN - 59716508; 1995-1111540 AB - Examines the administration's request for over $5 billion in funds to support peacekeeping operations, maintain Israel's security and well-being, humanitarian needs, curb weapons proliferation, combat terrorism, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+123 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+123 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160475120 KW - Middle East -- Economic development -- Finance KW - Peace -- Economic aspects KW - Regional security -- Middle East KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Middle East KW - Human rights -- Middle East KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Israel KW - Israel -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - Middle East -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Middle East UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59716508?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B123&rft.isbn=0160475120&rft.btitle=U.S.+assistance+programs+in+the+Middle+East%3A+hearing%2C+May+11%2C+1995&rft.title=U.S.+assistance+programs+in+the+Middle+East%3A+hearing%2C+May+11%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047512-0) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The future of the Legal Services Corporation: hearing, June 23, 1995, on examining a wide variety of views on the Legal Services Corporation and to try to determine whether or not to reauthorize funding for legal services, reform the organization, block grant the money to states, or eliminate federal involvement in providing legal services to the poor T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-106 AN - 59716313; 1995-1208210 AB - Examines proposed legislation to reauthorize the LSC which assists the poor in civil cases. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+101 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+101 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160474787 KW - Legal services corporation KW - Poor -- Legal status, laws, etc. KW - Legal aid -- United States KW - United States -- Government and politics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59716313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B101&rft.isbn=0160474787&rft.btitle=The+future+of+the+Legal+Services+Corporation%3A+hearing%2C+June+23%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+a+wide+variety+of+views+on+the+Legal+Services+Corporation+and+to+try+to+determine+whether+or+not+to+reauthorize+funding+for+legal+services%2C+reform+the+organization%2C+block+grant+the+money+to+states%2C+or+eliminate+federal+involvement+in+providing+legal+services+to+the+poor&rft.title=The+future+of+the+Legal+Services+Corporation%3A+hearing%2C+June+23%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+a+wide+variety+of+views+on+the+Legal+Services+Corporation+and+to+try+to+determine+whether+or+not+to+reauthorize+funding+for+legal+services%2C+reform+the+organization%2C+block+grant+the+money+to+states%2C+or+eliminate+federal+involvement+in+providing+legal+services+to+the+poor&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047478-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Priority needs of the Grand Canyon National Park: hearing, August 28, 1995, to review the priority needs of the park and identify ways to address these needs in the context of the Grand Canyon General Management Plan as well as alternative plans or solutions T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-235 AN - 59714529; 1996-0204550 AB - Focuses on increasing visitation, infrastructure, natural and cultural resource protection, and provision of educational programs; Arizona, chiefly. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+106 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+106 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520371 KW - Parks, National -- United States -- Arizona KW - United States -- National park service KW - Nature conservation -- United States -- Arizona KW - Arizona -- Environmental policy KW - Tourism -- United States -- Arizona KW - Parks, National -- Environmental aspects KW - United States -- Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59714529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B106&rft.isbn=0160520371&rft.btitle=Priority+needs+of+the+Grand+Canyon+National+Park%3A+hearing%2C+August+28%2C+1995%2C+to+review+the+priority+needs+of+the+park+and+identify+ways+to+address+these+needs+in+the+context+of+the+Grand+Canyon+General+Management+Plan+as+well+as+alternative+plans+or+solutions&rft.title=Priority+needs+of+the+Grand+Canyon+National+Park%3A+hearing%2C+August+28%2C+1995%2C+to+review+the+priority+needs+of+the+park+and+identify+ways+to+address+these+needs+in+the+context+of+the+Grand+Canyon+General+Management+Plan+as+well+as+alternative+plans+or+solutions&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052037-1) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Federal Lands Forest Health Protection and Restoration Act: hearing, March 1, 1995, on S. 391, to authorize and direct the secretaries of the Interior and Agriculture to undertake activities to halt and reverse the decline in forest health on federal lands, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-54 AN - 59713991; 1996-0202550 AB - Examines conditions of forests on public lands, fire fighting policy, and proposed forest management legislation; focus on western states. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+163 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+163 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472865 KW - United States -- Forest service KW - Public lands -- Environmental aspects KW - Western states -- Environmental policy KW - Forest fires -- United States -- Western states KW - Forest conservation -- United States -- Western states KW - United States -- Environmental policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B163&rft.isbn=0160472865&rft.btitle=Federal+Lands+Forest+Health+Protection+and+Restoration+Act%3A+hearing%2C+March+1%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+391%2C+to+authorize+and+direct+the+secretaries+of+the+Interior+and+Agriculture+to+undertake+activities+to+halt+and+reverse+the+decline+in+forest+health+on+federal+lands%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Federal+Lands+Forest+Health+Protection+and+Restoration+Act%3A+hearing%2C+March+1%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+391%2C+to+authorize+and+direct+the+secretaries+of+the+Interior+and+Agriculture+to+undertake+activities+to+halt+and+reverse+the+decline+in+forest+health+on+federal+lands%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047286-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Amending the Nuclear Waste Policy Act: hearing, March 2, 1995, on the draft legislation to amend the Nuclear Waste Policy Act T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-56 AN - 59713619; 1996-0203240 AB - On plans by the Department of Energy to make a site suitability determination in 1998 on a permanent repository for nuclear waste at Yucca Mountain, Nevada and on an interim storage solution. Some focus on implications for the taxpayer of transfer of title of nuclear waste from the utilities to the Department of Energy. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+246 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+246 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472938 KW - Hazardous wastes -- Storage KW - Hazardous waste sites -- United States KW - Waste disposal in the ground -- United States KW - Radioactive waste disposal -- United States KW - Nuclear fuels -- Storage KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - United States -- Energy department KW - Electric utilities -- Environmental aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B246&rft.isbn=0160472938&rft.btitle=Amending+the+Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act%3A+hearing%2C+March+2%2C+1995%2C+on+the+draft+legislation+to+amend+the+Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act&rft.title=Amending+the+Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act%3A+hearing%2C+March+2%2C+1995%2C+on+the+draft+legislation+to+amend+the+Nuclear+Waste+Policy+Act&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047293-8) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Western hemisphere drug control strategy: hearing, April 4, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-53 AN - 59713524; 1996-0203130 AB - Reviews the strategy focused on interdiction efforts in source countries, law enforcement efforts against drug cartels, and cutting off of US assistance to countries not taking adequate steps towards drug control. Bolivia, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, and Peru. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+106 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+106 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472733 KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Latin America KW - Drug traffic -- International aspects KW - Law enforcement -- International aspects KW - Narcotics -- Regulation KW - Latin America -- Foreign relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59713524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B106&rft.isbn=0160472733&rft.btitle=Western+hemisphere+drug+control+strategy%3A+hearing%2C+April+4%2C+1995&rft.title=Western+hemisphere+drug+control+strategy%3A+hearing%2C+April+4%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047273-3) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Educational technology: hearing, [April 4, 1995] T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-311 AN - 59712706; 1996-0614780 AB - Describes programs to integrate technology into the classroom; examines the effectiveness of four federally funded educational technology programs; US. Evaluation of the Challenge Grants for Technology in Education, Star Schools, Ready-to-Learn Television, and Telecommunications Demonstration for Mathematics programs, all funded under the Improving America's Schools, Elementary and Secondary Act. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+209 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+209 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160522536 KW - Computer-assisted instruction -- Federal aid KW - Education -- United States -- Legislation KW - Innovation in education -- United States KW - United States -- Educational policy -- Legislation KW - Television in education -- United States KW - Educational planning -- United States KW - Education -- Federal aid KW - Instructional materials -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59712706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B209&rft.isbn=0160522536&rft.btitle=Educational+technology%3A+hearing%2C&rft.title=Educational+technology%3A+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052253-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Alaska oil reserves: hearing, July 18, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-202 AN - 59712203; 1996-0206600 AB - Examines estimated reserves in the Alaskan Arctic and new technologies that are being applied to oil exploration and development on the North Slope; some focus on environmental impact. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+87 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+87 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160477794 KW - Oil well drilling -- United States -- Alaska KW - Petroleum industry -- United States -- Alaska KW - Petroleum industry -- Prospecting -- Environmental aspects KW - Arctic region -- Environmental conditions KW - North Slope borough, Alaska KW - Petroleum industry -- Reserves UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59712203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B87&rft.isbn=0160477794&rft.btitle=Alaska+oil+reserves%3A+hearing%2C+July+18%2C+1995&rft.title=Alaska+oil+reserves%3A+hearing%2C+July+18%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047779-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act and the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act: hearings, May 31 and June 2, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-271 AN - 59711055; 1996-0304930 AB - Whether to amend portions of the 1980 Act (ANILCA) which placed over 100 million acres of public lands under federally managed units/agencies, protecting traditional activities of hunting, fishing, cabin ownership, travel access, and lifestyles; recommendations. Discusses the spread of restriction, regulation, and creation of a "permit lifestyle" for traditional activities. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+218 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+218 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160521246 KW - Public lands -- United States -- Alaska KW - Alaska -- Native races KW - Public lands -- Regulation KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Land utilization -- United States -- Legislation KW - Wilderness areas -- United States -- Alaska UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59711055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B218&rft.isbn=0160521246&rft.btitle=Alaska+National+Interest+Lands+Conservation+Act+and+the+Alaska+Native+Claims+Settlement+Act%3A+hearings%2C+May+31+and+June+2%2C+1995&rft.title=Alaska+National+Interest+Lands+Conservation+Act+and+the+Alaska+Native+Claims+Settlement+Act%3A+hearings%2C+May+31+and+June+2%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052124-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Moratorium on the listing provisions of the Endangered Species Act: hearing, March 7, 1995, on S. 191, a bill to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to ensure that constitutionally protected private property rights are not infringed until adequate protection is afforded by reauthorization of the Act, to protect against economic losses from critical habitat designation, and for other purposes; and S. 503 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-171 AN - 59710026; 1996-0112380 AB - S. 503, a bill to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to impose a moratorium on the listing of species as endangered or threatened and the designation of critical habitat in order to ensure that constitutionally protected private property rights are not infringed, and for other purposes. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+154 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+154 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160477115 KW - Endangered species -- United States -- Legislation KW - Right of property -- Environmental aspects KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - Nature conservation -- United States -- Legislation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59710026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B154&rft.isbn=0160477115&rft.btitle=Moratorium+on+the+listing+provisions+of+the+Endangered+Species+Act%3A+hearing%2C+March+7%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+191%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+Endangered+Species+Act+of+1973+to+ensure+that+constitutionally+protected+private+property+rights+are+not+infringed+until+adequate+protection+is+afforded+by+reauthorization+of+the+Act%2C+to+protect+against+economic+losses+from+critical+habitat+designation%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+and+S.+503&rft.title=Moratorium+on+the+listing+provisions+of+the+Endangered+Species+Act%3A+hearing%2C+March+7%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+191%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+Endangered+Species+Act+of+1973+to+ensure+that+constitutionally+protected+private+property+rights+are+not+infringed+until+adequate+protection+is+afforded+by+reauthorization+of+the+Act%2C+to+protect+against+economic+losses+from+critical+habitat+designation%2C+and+for+other+purposes%3B+and+S.+503&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047711-5) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (S. 958, S. 1478, and S. 2050): hearing, July 28, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1065 AN - 59709907; 1996-0314760 AB - Whether to reauthorize FIFRA and the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) and whether present safety standards adequately protect infants and children; in light of environmental, enforcement, and economic concerns; US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+145 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+145 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520770 KW - Food contamination and inspection -- United States KW - Public health -- United States KW - Insecticides -- United States KW - Food supply -- Environmental aspects KW - Pesticides -- Regulation KW - United States -- Environmental policy KW - United States -- Agricultural policy KW - Agricultural chemicals -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59709907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B145&rft.isbn=0160520770&rft.btitle=The+Federal+Insecticide%2C+Fungicide+and+Rodenticide+Act+%28S.+958%2C+S.+1478%2C+and+S.+2050%29%3A+hearing%2C+July+28%2C+1994&rft.title=The+Federal+Insecticide%2C+Fungicide+and+Rodenticide+Act+%28S.+958%2C+S.+1478%2C+and+S.+2050%29%3A+hearing%2C+July+28%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052077-0) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Komi oil spills: joint hearing, June 29, 1995, before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, and the Committee on Environment and Public Works, on the energy and environmental implications of the Komi oil spills in the former Soviet Union T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-195 AN - 59708238; 1995-1214720 AB - Impact of water pollution from leaking oil pipelines in the Komi Autonomous Republic in Russia's Arctic region; potential international effects. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+98 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+98 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160477433 KW - Oil pollution of rivers, harbors, etc. -- Arctic region KW - Water pollution -- Arctic region KW - Petroleum industry -- Pipelines KW - Pollution -- Arctic region KW - Arctic region -- Environmental conditions KW - Russian Federation -- Environmental conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59708238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B98&rft.isbn=0160477433&rft.btitle=Komi+oil+spills%3A+joint+hearing%2C+June+29%2C+1995%2C+before+the+Committee+on+Energy+and+Natural+Resources%2C+and+the+Committee+on+Environment+and+Public+Works%2C+on+the+energy+and+environmental+implications+of+the+Komi+oil+spills+in+the+former+Soviet+Union&rft.title=Komi+oil+spills%3A+joint+hearing%2C+June+29%2C+1995%2C+before+the+Committee+on+Energy+and+Natural+Resources%2C+and+the+Committee+on+Environment+and+Public+Works%2C+on+the+energy+and+environmental+implications+of+the+Komi+oil+spills+in+the+former+Soviet+Union&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047743-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Convention for the Protection of Plants: message from the president of the United States transmitting the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants of December 2, 1961, as revised at Geneva on November 10, 1972, on October 23, 1978, and on March 19, 1991, and signed by the United States on October 25, 1991 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Treaty doc. 104-17 AN - 59707828; 1995-1110030 AB - Focus on protection of intellectual property rights for breeders of new plant varieties. Includes articles of the 1991 Act of the UPOV Convention. JF - Washington, DC 20510, 1995. xv+30 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - xv+30 PB - Washington, DC 20510 KW - United States -- President -- Messages KW - Agricultural policy -- International cooperation KW - Property, Intellectual -- International aspects KW - Seed industry -- Legal aspects KW - Biotechnology -- Legal aspects KW - Genetic engineering -- Legal aspects KW - Agricultural innovations -- United States KW - Plants -- Research UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59707828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xv%2B30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Plants%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+International+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+New+Varieties+of+Plants+of+December+2%2C+1961%2C+as+revised+at+Geneva+on+November+10%2C+1972%2C+on+October+23%2C+1978%2C+and+on+March+19%2C+1991%2C+and+signed+by+the+United+States+on+October+25%2C+1991&rft.title=Convention+for+the+Protection+of+Plants%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+International+Convention+for+the+Protection+of+New+Varieties+of+Plants+of+December+2%2C+1961%2C+as+revised+at+Geneva+on+November+10%2C+1972%2C+on+October+23%2C+1978%2C+and+on+March+19%2C+1991%2C+and+signed+by+the+United+States+on+October+25%2C+1991&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Interstate identification index: is it an effective weapon in the war against violent crime? is it interstate, does it identify, and is it an index? hearing, December 6, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1052 AN - 59706813; 1996-0303140 AB - Evaluates effectiveness of computerized system of criminal records established by the National Crime Information Center. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+87 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+87 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160475481 KW - Criminal registers -- United States KW - Crime prevention -- United States KW - Crime and criminals -- Identification KW - Criminal justice -- Information services KW - United States -- National crime information center UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59706813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B87&rft.isbn=0160475481&rft.btitle=Interstate+identification+index%3A+is+it+an+effective+weapon+in+the+war+against+violent+crime%3F+is+it+interstate%2C+does+it+identify%2C+and+is+it+an+index%3F+hearing%2C+December+6%2C+1994&rft.title=Interstate+identification+index%3A+is+it+an+effective+weapon+in+the+war+against+violent+crime%3F+is+it+interstate%2C+does+it+identify%2C+and+is+it+an+index%3F+hearing%2C+December+6%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047548-1) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Overview of U.S. policy toward South Asia: hearings, March 7 and 9, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-46 AN - 59706695; 1995-0905860 AB - Examines Clinton administration foreign and economic relations with India, Pakistan, and other countries in the region. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+188 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+188 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472377 KW - United States -- Economic relations -- South Asia KW - Regionalism -- South Asia KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- South Asia KW - South Asia -- Economic relations -- United States KW - South Asia -- Foreign relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59706695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B188&rft.isbn=0160472377&rft.btitle=Overview+of+U.S.+policy+toward+South+Asia%3A+hearings%2C+March+7+and+9%2C+1995&rft.title=Overview+of+U.S.+policy+toward+South+Asia%3A+hearings%2C+March+7+and+9%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047237-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Drug pricing: poor prescription for consumers and taxpayers? hearing, July 27, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1045 AN - 59706093; 1995-0906960 AB - Examines why the consumer and the federal government are paying for research and development, providing tax breaks, while drug manufacturers give other industrialized countries a better deal; comparison with Canada and selected western European countries. Based on reports prepared by the US General Accounting Office. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+235 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+235 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160473861 KW - Western Europe -- Medical sector KW - United States -- Medical sector KW - Canada -- Medical sector KW - Pharmaceutical research -- United States KW - United States -- Food and drug administration KW - Drugs -- Prices KW - Pharmaceutical industry -- Prices UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59706093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B235&rft.isbn=0160473861&rft.btitle=Drug+pricing%3A+poor+prescription+for+consumers+and+taxpayers%3F+hearing%2C+July+27%2C+1994&rft.title=Drug+pricing%3A+poor+prescription+for+consumers+and+taxpayers%3F+hearing%2C+July+27%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047386-1) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Balanced Budget Reconciliation Act of 1995: committee recommendations as submitted pursuant to H. Cong. Res. 67 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. print 104-36 Com. print AN - 59704966; 1995-1214360 AB - Overview of proposed reductions in government spending. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+941 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+941 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160477514 KW - Public finance KW - Budget, Government KW - Deficit financing -- United States KW - United States -- Appropriations and expenditures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59704966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B941&rft.isbn=0160477514&rft.btitle=Balanced+Budget+Reconciliation+Act+of+1995%3A+committee+recommendations+as+submitted+pursuant+to+H.+Cong.+Res.+67&rft.title=Balanced+Budget+Reconciliation+Act+of+1995%3A+committee+recommendations+as+submitted+pursuant+to+H.+Cong.+Res.+67&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047751-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Managing the public's business: federal government corporations, April 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. print 104-18 Com. print AN - 59704660; 1996-0212650 AB - Examines the characteristics of government corporations, including legal status, budgeting, accounting, and audit; considers issues of political accountability and management flexibility to meet changing service demands. Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. xiv+85 pp. AU - Moe, Ronald C Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - xiv+85 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160471168 KW - Administrative responsibility -- United States KW - Government business enterprises -- United States KW - Government-sponsored research -- United States KW - Government-sponsored enterprises -- United States KW - Public administration -- United States KW - Government agencies -- United States KW - United States -- Public sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59704660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Moe%2C+Ronald+C&rft.aulast=Moe&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xiv%2B85&rft.isbn=0160471168&rft.btitle=Managing+the+public%27s+business%3A+federal+government+corporations%2C+April+1995&rft.title=Managing+the+public%27s+business%3A+federal+government+corporations%2C+April+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047116-8) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Child protection: balancing divergent interests: hearing, May 25, 1995, on authorizing funds for programs of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, focusing on child protection reform measures T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-77 AN - 59704129; 1995-1110700 AB - Examines effectiveness of a program that has been in place for 20 years to understand why it exists and what its purposes are, and ways to make it work better. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+140 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+140 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160474116 KW - Child abuse -- United States KW - Child welfare -- Finance KW - United States -- Social policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59704129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B140&rft.isbn=0160474116&rft.btitle=Child+protection%3A+balancing+divergent+interests%3A+hearing%2C+May+25%2C+1995%2C+on+authorizing+funds+for+programs+of+the+Child+Abuse+Prevention+and+Treatment+Act%2C+focusing+on+child+protection+reform+measures&rft.title=Child+protection%3A+balancing+divergent+interests%3A+hearing%2C+May+25%2C+1995%2C+on+authorizing+funds+for+programs+of+the+Child+Abuse+Prevention+and+Treatment+Act%2C+focusing+on+child+protection+reform+measures&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047411-6) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Teamwork for Employment and Management Act of 1995: hearing, February 9, 1995, on permitting labor management cooperative efforts that improve America's economic competitiveness to continue to thrive, and for other purposes T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-20 AN - 59703268; 1995-1008630 AB - Bill allowing employees and managers to meet to address issues of mutual concern, including quality and productivity issues, without running afoul of federal government labor laws. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+106 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+106 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470773 KW - Team work in industry -- United States KW - Labor productivity -- United States KW - Industrial relations -- United States KW - Quality control -- United States KW - Labor -- United States -- Legislation KW - Employees' representation in management -- United States KW - Competition, International KW - United States -- Labor sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59703268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B106&rft.isbn=0160470773&rft.btitle=Teamwork+for+Employment+and+Management+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+February+9%2C+1995%2C+on+permitting+labor+management+cooperative+efforts+that+improve+America%27s+economic+competitiveness+to+continue+to+thrive%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.title=Teamwork+for+Employment+and+Management+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+February+9%2C+1995%2C+on+permitting+labor+management+cooperative+efforts+that+improve+America%27s+economic+competitiveness+to+continue+to+thrive%2C+and+for+other+purposes&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047077-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Conventional arms transfer: hearing, [May 23, 1995] T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-222 AN - 59703210; 1996-0213370 AB - Proposed legislation to allow arms transfers only to US allies who meet human rights standards, hold democratic values, and participate in the UN arms register; foreign policy and security implications. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+130 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+130 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520037 KW - United States -- Military relations KW - Military market -- Regulation KW - Military market -- International aspects KW - Arms limitation KW - Munitions -- Export-import trade KW - Purchasing, Military and naval -- International aspects KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59703210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B130&rft.isbn=0160520037&rft.btitle=Conventional+arms+transfer%3A+hearing%2C&rft.title=Conventional+arms+transfer%3A+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052003-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Security implications of the nuclear non-proliferation agreement with North Korea: hearing, January 26, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-188 AN - 59702560; 1996-0213730 AB - Examines Oct. 21, 1994 Geneva agreement aimed at halting North Korea's nuclear program; role of the US Department of Defense in its implementation. Some focus on North Korea-South Korea relations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+95 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+95 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160477328 KW - United States -- Treaties -- North Korea KW - North Korea -- Treaties -- United States KW - Arms limitation -- Treaties KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Atomic weapons -- North Korea KW - Atomic power -- North Korea KW - North Korea -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- North Korea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59702560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B95&rft.isbn=0160477328&rft.btitle=Security+implications+of+the+nuclear+non-proliferation+agreement+with+North+Korea%3A+hearing%2C+January+26%2C+1995&rft.title=Security+implications+of+the+nuclear+non-proliferation+agreement+with+North+Korea%3A+hearing%2C+January+26%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047732-8) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - School bus safety issues: hearing, August 31, 1995, on examining a major issue affecting the safety of our school children in this country T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-201 AN - 59701850; 1996-0107980 AB - Discusses the snagging of clothing or book bag straps on school bus handrails when children are getting off, loading zone problems, and other issues; recommendations. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160477727 KW - Accidents -- Prevention KW - Schools -- Transportation of pupils KW - United States -- Transportation sector KW - Transportation -- Safety measures UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59701850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B84&rft.isbn=0160477727&rft.btitle=School+bus+safety+issues%3A+hearing%2C+August+31%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+a+major+issue+affecting+the+safety+of+our+school+children+in+this+country&rft.title=School+bus+safety+issues%3A+hearing%2C+August+31%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+a+major+issue+affecting+the+safety+of+our+school+children+in+this+country&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047772-7) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Mexico's economic situation and U.S. efforts to stabilize the peso: hearing, January 26, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-51 AN - 59701635; 1995-1003530 AB - Pros and cons of the US administration's $40 billion bailout agreement, which would provide loan guarantees to Mexico; whether stabilizing the peso will cause severe problems for the Mexican people and American taxpayers. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+111 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+111 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472873 KW - Loans -- Guaranty of loans KW - Money -- Devaluation KW - Mexico -- Economic relations -- United States KW - Economic stabilization -- Mexico KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Mexico KW - Mexico -- Finance KW - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Mexico UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59701635?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B111&rft.isbn=0160472873&rft.btitle=Mexico%27s+economic+situation+and+U.S.+efforts+to+stabilize+the+peso%3A+hearing%2C+January+26%2C+1995&rft.title=Mexico%27s+economic+situation+and+U.S.+efforts+to+stabilize+the+peso%3A+hearing%2C+January+26%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047287-3) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Privatization of the Social Security old age and survivors insurance program: hearing, August 2, 1995, on S. 824 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-227 AN - 59701572; 1996-0302140 AB - In light of projections that Social Security will run out by the year 2031. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+95 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+95 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016052010X KW - Retirement income -- United States KW - Social insurance -- United States KW - Public services -- Service contracts KW - Social and economic security -- United States KW - United States -- Social security administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59701572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B95&rft.isbn=016052010X&rft.btitle=Privatization+of+the+Social+Security+old+age+and+survivors+insurance+program%3A+hearing%2C+August+2%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+824&rft.title=Privatization+of+the+Social+Security+old+age+and+survivors+insurance+program%3A+hearing%2C+August+2%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+824&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052010-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Durable medical equipment: special hearing, [November 2, 1994] T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-229 AN - 59701198; 1995-0908010 AB - Focuses on oxygen concentrator, life-sustaining necessity for more than 200,000 elderly and disabled Americans receiving Medicare benefits; reveals poor levels of services to recipients of therapy, despite exorbitantly high prices for services. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+89 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+89 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470560 KW - Medical instruments and apparatus -- United States KW - Medicaid program -- United States KW - Disabled -- Medical care KW - Old age -- Medical care KW - Oxygen -- Medical applications KW - Medical service -- Costs -- United States KW - Medicare -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59701198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B89&rft.isbn=0160470560&rft.btitle=Durable+medical+equipment%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Durable+medical+equipment%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047056-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Testimony from administration witnesses on pesticide legislation (S. 985, S. 1478, and S. 2050): hearing, June 29, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1064 AN - 59700520; 1996-0213870 AB - Reviews proposed food safety legislation, involving facilitating the EPA registration process for crop pesticides, phasing out risky pesticides, developing reduced risk pesticides, improving toxicity testing requirements, and related issues. Some focus on tolerance limits of children for pesticide residues in food. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+79 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+79 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520916 KW - Child health -- United States KW - Food safety -- Regulation KW - Environmental health -- United States KW - Food contamination and inspection -- United States KW - Pesticides -- Regulation KW - United States -- Agricultural policy KW - United States -- Environmental protection agency KW - Agricultural chemicals -- Regulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59700520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B79&rft.isbn=0160520916&rft.btitle=Testimony+from+administration+witnesses+on+pesticide+legislation+%28S.+985%2C+S.+1478%2C+and+S.+2050%29%3A+hearing%2C+June+29%2C+1994&rft.title=Testimony+from+administration+witnesses+on+pesticide+legislation+%28S.+985%2C+S.+1478%2C+and+S.+2050%29%3A+hearing%2C+June+29%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052091-6) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Bomb prevention vs. bomb promotion: exports in the 1990s: hearing, May 17, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1028 AN - 59700379; 1995-0713380 AB - Examines US export controls over civilian goods that could be used in making atomic weapons (nuclear dual-use goods). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+353 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+353 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016047101X KW - Export-import trade -- Regulation KW - Atomic weapons KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Arms limitation KW - Munitions -- Export-import trade -- Regulation KW - United States -- Commercial policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59700379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B353&rft.isbn=016047101X&rft.btitle=Bomb+prevention+vs.+bomb+promotion%3A+exports+in+the+1990s%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1994&rft.title=Bomb+prevention+vs.+bomb+promotion%3A+exports+in+the+1990s%3A+hearing%2C+May+17%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047101-X) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Loose nukes, nuclear smuggling, and the fissile-material problem in Russia and the NIS: hearings, August 22-23, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-253 AN - 59700274; 1996-0406990 AB - Spread of former Soviet atomic weapons, weapons-grade uranium and plutonium, and nuclear materials to non-nuclear states or terrorists; need for US countermeasures. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+119 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+119 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520932 KW - Terrorism KW - Russia (Federative Republic) -- Defenses KW - Atomic weapons KW - Nuclear fuels KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Radioactive substances KW - Commonwealth of independent states -- Defenses KW - United States -- Defenses KW - International security UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59700274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B119&rft.isbn=0160520932&rft.btitle=Loose+nukes%2C+nuclear+smuggling%2C+and+the+fissile-material+problem+in+Russia+and+the+NIS%3A+hearings%2C+August+22-23%2C+1995&rft.title=Loose+nukes%2C+nuclear+smuggling%2C+and+the+fissile-material+problem+in+Russia+and+the+NIS%3A+hearings%2C+August+22-23%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052093-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Hearing on telecommunications policy reform, March 2, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-218 AN - 59699256; 1996-0414580 AB - Proposed legislation to reduce regulation and develop a fair framework for competition in all communications markets. Topics include technological innovation, competition in local and long distance phone service, broadcast service, and cable and video services, fair access; rate regulation, implications for schools, libraries, and public institutions; foreign competition, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+262 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+262 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 016047809X KW - Communication systems -- Regulation KW - Competition -- Regulation KW - Broadcasting -- Regulation KW - Government regulation of business -- United States KW - Telecommunications -- United States -- Legislation KW - Telecommunications -- Economic aspects KW - United States -- Communications sector KW - United States -- Technology policy KW - United States -- Commercial policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59699256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B262&rft.isbn=016047809X&rft.btitle=Hearing+on+telecommunications+policy+reform%2C+March+2%2C+1995&rft.title=Hearing+on+telecommunications+policy+reform%2C+March+2%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047809-X) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Broad policy goals of welfare reform: hearing, March 9, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-278 AN - 59699001; 1996-0414660 AB - Ways to define welfare issues, set reform goals, improve welfare employment programs, and administer federal grants. Discusses links between welfare, illegitimacy, and crime, employment programs, state and federal jurisdictions and responsibilities, block grants, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+109 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+109 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160521459 KW - Poverty relief KW - Work relief -- United States KW - Federal and state relations -- United States KW - Block grants -- United States KW - Illegitimacy -- United States KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Public welfare -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59699001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B109&rft.isbn=0160521459&rft.btitle=Broad+policy+goals+of+welfare+reform%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.title=Broad+policy+goals+of+welfare+reform%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052145-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - North Korea nuclear agreement: hearings, January 24-25, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-125 AN - 59697859; 1995-1011720 AB - Examines the Oct. 1994 Geneva framework agreement between the US and North Korea; nuclear nonproliferation, US aid, role of South Korea, the Korean Energy Development Organization (KEDO), and related issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+119 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+119 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160475252 KW - North Korea -- Treaties -- United States KW - United States -- Treaties -- North Korea KW - South Korea -- Foreign relations KW - Arms limitation -- Treaties KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Atomic weapons -- North Korea KW - Atomic power -- North Korea KW - North Korea -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- North Korea UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B119&rft.isbn=0160475252&rft.btitle=North+Korea+nuclear+agreement%3A+hearings%2C+January+24-25%2C+1995&rft.title=North+Korea+nuclear+agreement%3A+hearings%2C+January+24-25%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047525-2) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Convention on Nuclear Safety: message from the president of the United States transmitting the Convention on Nuclear Safety done at Vienna on September 20, 1994 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. Treaty doc. 104-6 AN - 59697811; 1995-1200800 AB - Agreement establishing legal obligations to apply certain safety principles to construction, operation, and regulation of land-based civilian atomic power plants. JF - Washington, DC 20510, 1995. xii+10 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - xii+10 PB - Washington, DC 20510 KW - United States -- President -- Messages KW - Nuclear reactors -- Safety measures KW - Atomic power plants -- Safety measures -- Treaties KW - Atomic power -- Regulation KW - United States -- Foreign relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697811?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xii%2B10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Convention+on+Nuclear+Safety%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+Convention+on+Nuclear+Safety+done+at+Vienna+on+September+20%2C+1994&rft.title=Convention+on+Nuclear+Safety%3A+message+from+the+president+of+the+United+States+transmitting+the+Convention+on+Nuclear+Safety+done+at+Vienna+on+September+20%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Washington, DC 20510 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The world factbook, 1995 AN - 59697742; 1995-1012640 AB - Country profiles covering geography, demographics, government, communications, defense, and the economy. JF - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234, 1995. xiv+557+16 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - xiv+557+16 PB - Superintendent of Documents; National Technical Information Service; Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234 KW - Political geography -- Yearbooks UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697742?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xiv%2B557%2B16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+world+factbook%2C+1995&rft.title=The+world+factbook%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-5234; Supt Docs pa; Nat Tech Info Service N1 - Document feature - table(s), map(s) N1 - SuppNotes - folded sheets N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nuclear proliferation factbook, December 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. print 103-111 Com. print AN - 59697729; 1995-0500380 AB - Covers technical aspects, US nonproliferation policy and legislation, and international treaties, agreements, and laws. Prepared by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. xviii+768 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - xviii+768 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160467802 KW - Nuclear fuels -- Fuel reprocessing KW - Strategic materials KW - Atomic weapons KW - Uranium -- Supply and demand KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Arms limitation KW - Atomic power equipment -- Export-import trade UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=xviii%2B768&rft.isbn=0160467802&rft.btitle=Nuclear+proliferation+factbook%2C+December+1994&rft.title=Nuclear+proliferation+factbook%2C+December+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046780-2) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), diag(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Child care and development block grant: how is it working? hearing, February 16, 1995, on examining the effectiveness of the Federal Child Care and Development Block Grant program T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-17 AN - 59697580; 1995-0802310 AB - Whether or not some federal programs overlap each other in providing child care and could be consolidated to better meet the needs of working families. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+81 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+81 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470676 KW - Grants-in-aid -- United States KW - Federal and local government relations -- Financial aspects KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Child care -- Federal aid UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697580?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B81&rft.isbn=0160470676&rft.btitle=Child+care+and+development+block+grant%3A+how+is+it+working%3F+hearing%2C+February+16%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+effectiveness+of+the+Federal+Child+Care+and+Development+Block+Grant+program&rft.title=Child+care+and+development+block+grant%3A+how+is+it+working%3F+hearing%2C+February+16%2C+1995%2C+on+examining+the+effectiveness+of+the+Federal+Child+Care+and+Development+Block+Grant+program&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047067-6) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Consideration of ratification of the Treaty between the US and the Russian Federation on Further Reduction and Limitations of Strategic Offensive Arms (The START Treaty) Treaty Doc. 103-1: hearings, January 31-March 29, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-30 AN - 59697510; 1995-0907200 AB - Focuses on multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs) and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+172 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+172 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160471672 KW - Nuclear nonproliferation -- Treaties KW - Guided missiles -- Defenses -- Treaties KW - United States -- Military policy KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Russian Federation KW - Strategic arms reduction treaty KW - Russian Federation -- Foreign relations -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B172&rft.isbn=0160471672&rft.btitle=Consideration+of+ratification+of+the+Treaty+between+the+US+and+the+Russian+Federation+on+Further+Reduction+and+Limitations+of+Strategic+Offensive+Arms+%28The+START+Treaty%29+Treaty+Doc.+103-1%3A+hearings%2C+January+31-March+29%2C+1995&rft.title=Consideration+of+ratification+of+the+Treaty+between+the+US+and+the+Russian+Federation+on+Further+Reduction+and+Limitations+of+Strategic+Offensive+Arms+%28The+START+Treaty%29+Treaty+Doc.+103-1%3A+hearings%2C+January+31-March+29%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047167-2) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Trade and investment in Africa: hearing, February 16, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-14 AN - 59697387; 1995-0708200 AB - Examines business opportunities, economic and political development, US foreign policy, and economic assistance programs. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+91 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+91 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470412 KW - Africa -- Economic development -- Finance KW - Africa -- Business conditions KW - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Africa KW - Africa -- Economic relations -- United States KW - Foreign investments -- American -- Africa KW - Political economy -- Africa KW - United States -- Foreign relations KW - United States -- Commerce KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Africa UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59697387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B91&rft.isbn=0160470412&rft.btitle=Trade+and+investment+in+Africa%3A+hearing%2C+February+16%2C+1995&rft.title=Trade+and+investment+in+Africa%3A+hearing%2C+February+16%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047041-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Newborns' and Mothers' Health Protection Act of 1995: hearing, September 12, 1995, on S. 969, to require that health plans provide coverage for a minimum hospital stay for a mother and child following the birth of the child T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-237 AN - 59696000; 1996-0208570 AB - Examines proposed legislation requiring health insurers to allow women and newborns to remain in the hospital 48 hours after a normal birth, and 96 hours after a caesarean section. Emphasis on risk of newborn health problems such as congenital disorders, dehydration, infections, and jaundice which do not appear until after the first 24 hours. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520355 KW - Maternal and infant welfare -- United States KW - Infant mortality -- United States KW - United States -- Insurance sector KW - United States -- Health policy KW - Infants -- Health KW - Health insurance -- United States KW - Births -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59696000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B84&rft.isbn=0160520355&rft.btitle=Newborns%27+and+Mothers%27+Health+Protection+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+969%2C+to+require+that+health+plans+provide+coverage+for+a+minimum+hospital+stay+for+a+mother+and+child+following+the+birth+of+the+child&rft.title=Newborns%27+and+Mothers%27+Health+Protection+Act+of+1995%3A+hearing%2C+September+12%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+969%2C+to+require+that+health+plans+provide+coverage+for+a+minimum+hospital+stay+for+a+mother+and+child+following+the+birth+of+the+child&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052035-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Proposal to corporatize the nation's air traffic control system: hearing, May 12, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1016 AN - 59695911; 1995-0608910 AB - Examines plans to create the US Air Traffic Services Corporation within the Federal Aviation Administration, focusing on staffing problems, efficiency, cumbersome procurement rules, inadequate means to finance new technology systems, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+173 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+173 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470099 KW - Air traffic control -- United States KW - United States -- Federal aviation administration KW - Air transport -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59695911?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B173&rft.isbn=0160470099&rft.btitle=Proposal+to+corporatize+the+nation%27s+air+traffic+control+system%3A+hearing%2C+May+12%2C+1994&rft.title=Proposal+to+corporatize+the+nation%27s+air+traffic+control+system%3A+hearing%2C+May+12%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047009-9) pa N1 - Document feature - bibl(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Research on childhood diseases by entrepreneurs: hearing, May 26, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-948 AN - 59695653; 1995-0502210 AB - Examines research done by the biotechnology industry aimed at finding cures and treatments for cystic fibrosis and other diseases, focusing on gene therapy and its financing, in light of health care reform. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+169 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+169 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160467209 KW - United States -- Business enterprises -- Social aspects KW - Chronically ill children -- United States KW - Genetic research -- Finance KW - Biotechnology -- United States KW - High technology industries -- Finance KW - Research and development -- Finance KW - Medical research -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59695653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B169&rft.isbn=0160467209&rft.btitle=Research+on+childhood+diseases+by+entrepreneurs%3A+hearing%2C+May+26%2C+1994&rft.title=Research+on+childhood+diseases+by+entrepreneurs%3A+hearing%2C+May+26%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046720-9) pa N1 - Document feature - il(s), table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Economic development and U.S. assistance in Gaza/Jericho: hearing, July 13, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-245 AN - 59695437; 1996-0213810 AB - On development of an industrial park in Gaza, assistance provided through USAID and the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), and other avenues for promoting private sector investment. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+88 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+88 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520541 KW - Gaza, Palestine -- Economic development KW - United States -- Economic assistance program KW - Industrial districts -- Gaza, Palestine KW - Jordan -- West bank -- Economic development KW - Economic assistance -- Jordan -- West Bank KW - Jericho, Palestine -- Economic development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59695437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B88&rft.isbn=0160520541&rft.btitle=Economic+development+and+U.S.+assistance+in+Gaza%2FJericho%3A+hearing%2C+July+13%2C+1995&rft.title=Economic+development+and+U.S.+assistance+in+Gaza%2FJericho%3A+hearing%2C+July+13%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052054-1) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The drug trade in Mexico and implications for U.S.-Mexican relations: hearing, August 8, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-204 AN - 59694892; 1996-0208690 AB - Examines international drug trafficking organizations and actions taken by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to control the entry of illegal drugs to the US. Focus on the shipment and distribution of cocaine and methamphetamine to the US. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+80 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+80 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520274 KW - Mexico -- Law enforcement KW - Cocaine -- United States KW - United States -- Drug enforcement administration KW - Amphetamines -- United States KW - Organized crime -- International aspects KW - Drug traffic -- International aspects KW - Mexico -- Economic relations -- United States KW - United States -- Economic relations -- Mexico KW - United States -- Law enforcement UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59694892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=Akerboom&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Work+%26+Stress&rft.issn=02678373&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F02678370600690915 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052027-4) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Legislative and municipal elections in Haiti: hearing, July 12, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-205 AN - 59694831; 1996-0213690 AB - Examines conduct and results of the June 25, 1995 elections, in light of technical assistance provided by the US and election monitoring by the UN. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+101 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+101 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160520177 KW - Haiti -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Technical assistance program -- Haiti KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Haiti KW - Haiti -- Government and politics KW - United Nations -- Haiti KW - Elections -- Haiti KW - Election monitoring -- Haiti UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59694831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B101&rft.isbn=0160520177&rft.btitle=Legislative+and+municipal+elections+in+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+July+12%2C+1995&rft.title=Legislative+and+municipal+elections+in+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+July+12%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-052017-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Implementation and costs of U.S. policy in Haiti: hearing, March 9, 1995 T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-52 AN - 59694407; 1995-1111430 AB - Examines progress towards democracy, effectiveness of US economic assistance programs, the security situation, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+85 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+85 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160472725 KW - Haiti -- Foreign relations -- United States KW - United States -- Economic assistance program -- Haiti KW - United States -- Foreign relations -- Haiti KW - Haiti -- Government and politics KW - Democracy -- Haiti KW - United States -- Armed forces -- Forces in Haiti KW - Intervention (international law) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59694407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B85&rft.isbn=0160472725&rft.btitle=Implementation+and+costs+of+U.S.+policy+in+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.title=Implementation+and+costs+of+U.S.+policy+in+Haiti%3A+hearing%2C+March+9%2C+1995&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047272-5) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - USEC Privatization Act: hearing, June 13, 1995, on S. 755, a bill to amend the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 to provide for the privatization of the United States Enrichment Corporation T2 - 104th Cong., 1st sess. S. hearing 104-105 AN - 59694341; 1996-0212860 AB - On transfer of contracts, assignment of liabilities, transformation of Russian stocks into low enriched uranium for commercial use, competition with domestic uranium mining companies, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+115 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+115 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160474779 KW - Privatization -- United States KW - Nuclear nonproliferation KW - Uranium -- Economic aspects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59694341?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B115&rft.isbn=0160474779&rft.btitle=USEC+Privatization+Act%3A+hearing%2C+June+13%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+755%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+Atomic+Energy+Act+of+1954+to+provide+for+the+privatization+of+the+United+States+Enrichment+Corporation&rft.title=USEC+Privatization+Act%3A+hearing%2C+June+13%2C+1995%2C+on+S.+755%2C+a+bill+to+amend+the+Atomic+Energy+Act+of+1954+to+provide+for+the+privatization+of+the+United+States+Enrichment+Corporation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047477-9) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Grazing: hearings: pt. 2, July 8-15, 1994, on the Department of the Interior's proposed rule to amend the Department's regulations concerning livestock grazing T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-655 (pt. 2) AN - 59694302; 1995-0500100 AB - Impact on ranchers of grazing reform proposals, environmental problems of public lands grazing, doubling of federal grazing fees, and other issues. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. vii+452 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - vii+452 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160465451 KW - Livestock industry -- United States -- Western states KW - Ranches -- United States -- Western states KW - United States -- Interior department KW - Public lands -- Environmental aspects KW - Grazing lands -- United States -- Western states KW - Western states -- Environmental conditions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59694302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vii%2B452&rft.isbn=0160465451&rft.btitle=Grazing%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+2%2C+July+8-15%2C+1994%2C+on+the+Department+of+the+Interior%27s+proposed+rule+to+amend+the+Department%27s+regulations+concerning+livestock+grazing&rft.title=Grazing%3A+hearings%3A+pt.+2%2C+July+8-15%2C+1994%2C+on+the+Department+of+the+Interior%27s+proposed+rule+to+amend+the+Department%27s+regulations+concerning+livestock+grazing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046545-1) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Trade opportunities in the Pacific Rim: hearing, July 26, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-912 AN - 59692617; 1995-0413340 AB - Examines US strategy for increasing exports and trade with Asia, focusing on the effectiveness of the Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee (TPCC); whether it is helping US companies to sell overseas. Some emphasis on competition with Japan and Germany. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+82 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+82 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160465974 KW - Export marketing KW - Export-import trade -- Finance KW - Competition, International KW - Pacific region -- Commerce -- United States KW - United States -- Commerce -- Pacific region KW - United States -- Commercial policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59692617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B82&rft.isbn=0160465974&rft.btitle=Trade+opportunities+in+the+Pacific+Rim%3A+hearing%2C+July+26%2C+1994&rft.title=Trade+opportunities+in+the+Pacific+Rim%3A+hearing%2C+July+26%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046597-4) pa N1 - Document feature - chart(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (Ex. R, 96-2): hearing, September 27, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-892 AN - 59692392; 1995-0413230 AB - Equal rights for women; calls for ratification of the UN convention, signed by the US in July 1980; reviews the conformity of the convention with US law. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+84 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+84 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160466342 KW - Women -- Equal rights -- Treaties KW - Women -- United States KW - Human rights -- International aspects KW - United States -- Social policy KW - Discrimination against women -- Treaties UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59692392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B84&rft.isbn=0160466342&rft.btitle=Convention+on+the+Elimination+of+All+Forms+of+Discrimination+Against+Women+%28Ex.+R%2C+96-2%29%3A+hearing%2C+September+27%2C+1994&rft.title=Convention+on+the+Elimination+of+All+Forms+of+Discrimination+Against+Women+%28Ex.+R%2C+96-2%29%3A+hearing%2C+September+27%2C+1994&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046634-2) pa N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Unfunded federal mandates: burdens and costs in North Dakota: hearing, April 5, 1994 T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1018 AN - 59690775; 1995-0802380 AB - Focuses on the economic burden of unfunded mandates on cities and small towns. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+79 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+79 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470250 KW - Intergovernmental fiscal relations -- United States KW - Federal and municipal relations -- Financial aspects KW - North Dakota -- Finance KW - Municipal finance -- United States KW - Cost of government -- United States UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59690775?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stress+and+Health%3A+Journal+of+the+International+Society+for+the+Investigation+of+Stress&rft.atitle=Review+of+%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BResearch+companion+to+organizational+health+psychology%26lt%3B%2Fi%26gt%3B&rft.au=Luchtman%2C+Dirk%3BAnoniou%2C+Alexander-Stamatios+G.%3BCooper%2C+Cary+L.&rft.aulast=Luchtman&rft.aufirst=Dirk&rft.date=2005-12-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Stress+and+Health%3A+Journal+of+the+International+Society+for+the+Investigation+of+Stress&rft.issn=15323005&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Fsmi.1066 LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047025-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Dislocated workers/the Reemployment Act: hearing, [May 31, 1994] T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-1026 AN - 59684509; 1995-0703030 AB - Examines growth of long-term unemployed in the US due to increased technology, and need for more extensive federal job training programs; with special reference to Oregon. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+102 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+102 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160470714 KW - Unemployment relief KW - Unemployment -- United States -- Oregon KW - Manpower utilization -- United States -- Oregon KW - Unemployment, Technological -- United States -- Oregon KW - Retraining, Occupational -- United States -- Oregon KW - Oregon -- Labor sector UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59684509?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B102&rft.isbn=0160470714&rft.btitle=Dislocated+workers%2Fthe+Reemployment+Act%3A+hearing%2C&rft.title=Dislocated+workers%2Fthe+Reemployment+Act%3A+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-047071-4) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Childhood immunization: special hearing T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-962 AN - 59684336; 1995-0607470 AB - Importance of vaccinating children at the right age so their protection against disease is maximized; examines efforts to reach the national goal of 90 percent immunization by the year 2000; benefit to society. Focus on prevention of measles, mumps, rubella, polio, and other diseases. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+118 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+118 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160467667 KW - Vaccination and vaccines -- United States KW - Child health -- United States KW - Measles -- United States KW - Public health -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59684336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B118&rft.isbn=0160467667&rft.btitle=Childhood+immunization%3A+special+hearing&rft.title=Childhood+immunization%3A+special+hearing&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046766-7) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s), chart(s), map(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Vaccine delivery system: special hearing, [July 21, 1994] T2 - 103d Cong., 2d sess. S. hearing 103-931 AN - 59678220; 1995-0411990 AB - Examines implementation of the Vaccine for Children (VFC) program designed to increase coverage levels nationwide by creating an entitlement to free vaccines for Medicaid-enrolled children, the uninsured and underinsured, and children under the Indian Health Service Act. Focuses on contract negotiations, provider enrollment, order processing, vaccine distribution, provider reimbursement, accountability, and evaluation. JF - Superintendent of Documents, 1995. iii+78 pp. Y1 - 1995///0, PY - 1995 DA - 0, 1995 EP - iii+78 PB - Superintendent of Documents SN - 0160466520 KW - Vaccination and vaccines -- United States KW - Child health -- United States KW - Uninsured persons -- United States KW - United States -- Health policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/59678220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/PAIS+Index&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=iii%2B78&rft.isbn=0160466520&rft.btitle=Vaccine+delivery+system%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.title=Vaccine+delivery+system%3A+special+hearing%2C&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - PAIS Index N1 - Date revised - 2006-09-28 N1 - Availability - Supt Docs (ISBN 0-16-046652-0) pa N1 - Document feature - table(s) N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The book of life - metaphors connected with the book in Islamic literatures T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43998121; A180999 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Schimmel, A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 71 EP - 92 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Manuscripts KW - Persian literature: classical KW - Bibliography KW - Symbolism & symbols KW - PLI.CLS.POE:Persian literature Classical poetry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43998121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+book+of+life+-+metaphors+connected+with+the+book+in+Islamic+literatures&rft.au=Schimmel%2C+A.&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Azerbaijan T2 - Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia country studies.Ed. G.E.Curtis T3 - Area Handbooks BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia country studies.Ed. G.E.Curtis] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43989279; A180557 JF - Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia country studies.Ed. G.E.Curtis AU - (Nichol, J.) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 79 EP - 148 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office KW - Azerbaijan KW - CAU.AZE.PLT:Azerbaijan Politics, economics¤t affairs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43989279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Azerbaijan&rft.au=%28Nichol%2C+J.%29&rft.aulast=%28Nichol&rft.aufirst=J.%29&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Armenia%2C+Azerbaijan%2C+and+Georgia+country+studies.Ed.+G.E.Curtis&rft.title=Armenia%2C+Azerbaijan%2C+and+Georgia+country+studies.Ed.+G.E.Curtis&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The society and its environment T2 - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43962547; A208691 JF - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood AU - (Weiss, A.M.) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 75 EP - 146 PB - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress KW - Pakistan (since 1947) KW - PAK.SOC:Pakistan Social studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43962547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+society+and+its+environment&rft.au=%28Weiss%2C+A.M.%29&rft.aulast=%28Weiss&rft.aufirst=A.M.%29&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.title=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Historical setting T2 - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43961254; A208714 JF - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood AU - Baxter, C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 3 EP - 74 PB - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress KW - Pakistan (since 1947) KW - PAK.HIS:Pakistan History General histories of the modern period UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43961254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Historical+setting&rft.au=Baxter%2C+C.&rft.aulast=Baxter&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.title=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Government and politics T2 - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed. P.R.Blood BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed. P.R.Blood] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43952450; A208875 JF - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed. P.R.Blood AU - Becker, Mary Louise Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 197 EP - 254 PB - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress KW - Pakistan (since 1947) KW - PAK.PLT.DOM:Pakistan Domestic politics¤t affairs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43952450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Government+and+politics&rft.au=Becker%2C+Mary+Louise&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.+P.R.Blood&rft.title=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.+P.R.Blood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The economy T2 - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43952273; A208838 JF - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood AU - (Rogers, J.D.) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 147 EP - 196 PB - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress KW - Pakistan (since 1947) KW - Economics KW - PAK.ECO:Pakistan Economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43952273?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+economy&rft.au=%28Rogers%2C+J.D.%29&rft.aulast=%28Rogers&rft.aufirst=J.D.%29&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.title=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed. Peter R.Blood AN - 43945556; M208869 AU - Blood, Peter R. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 393 PB - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress KW - Pakistan (since 1947) KW - PAK.PLT.DOM:Pakistan Domestic politics¤t affairs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43945556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Blood%2C+Peter+R.&rft.aulast=Blood&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.+Peter+R.Blood&rft.title=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.+Peter+R.Blood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - National security T2 - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43943984; A208954 JF - Pakistan: a country study.6th ed. Ed.P.R.Blood AU - (Thornton, T.P.) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 255 EP - 318 PB - Federal Research Division, Library of Congress KW - Pakistan (since 1947) KW - PAK.PLT.FOR:Pakistan Foreign affairs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43943984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=National+security&rft.au=%28Thornton%2C+T.P.%29&rft.aulast=%28Thornton&rft.aufirst=T.P.%29&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.title=Pakistan%3A+a+country+study.6th+ed.+Ed.P.R.Blood&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The Koranic text: from revelation to compilation T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43865691; A170799 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Berque, J. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 17 EP - 29 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Qur'ān & Quranic studies / Koran / Kuran / Qoran / Coran KW - Bibliography KW - Textual bibliography & criticism KW - RLG.QUR.TAF:Islam: Quran studies; tafsir UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43865691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+Koranic+text%3A+from+revelation+to+compilation&rft.au=Berque%2C+J.&rft.aulast=Berque&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Women's roles in the art of Arabic calligraphy T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43861676; A171823 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Munajjid, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al- Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 141 EP - 148 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Calligraphy KW - Women & girls KW - Manuscripts KW - ART.BOK.CAL:Arts of the book Calligraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43861676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Women%27s+roles+in+the+art+of+Arabic+calligraphy&rft.au=Munajjid%2C+S%CC%A3al%C4%81h%CC%A3+al-D%C4%ABn+al-&rft.aulast=Munajjid&rft.aufirst=S%CC%A3al%C4%81h%CC%A3+al-D%C4%ABn&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The book in the Islamic world: a selective bibliography T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43861027; A170265 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Albin, M. W. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 273 EP - 281 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Bibliography KW - Printing & publishing KW - Manuscripts KW - BIB.ENU:Islamic studies bibliography by subject, geographical area or language UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43861027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+a+selective+bibliography&rft.au=Albin%2C+M.+W.&rft.aulast=Albin&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The book in the grammatical tradition: development in content and methods T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43860743; A173871 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Baalbaki, Ramzi Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 139 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Grammarians (of Arabic) KW - Arabic language KW - ALN.CLS.GRM.ELY:Arabic: Pre-modern Arab grammarians&linguistic theorists UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43860743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Psychophysiology&rft.atitle=Neuroscientific+Psychophysiology%3A+The+International+Organization+of+Psychophysiology+%28I.O.P.%29+associated+with+the+United+Nations+%28New+York%29+in+the+21st+Century&rft.au=Mangina%2C+Constantine+A.&rft.aulast=Mangina&rft.aufirst=Constantine&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Psychophysiology&rft.issn=01678760&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ijpsycho.2005.07.006 LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Biographical dictionaries: inner structure and cultural significance T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43855659; A172915 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Qāḍī, Wadād al- Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 EP - 122 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Historiography (Muslim) KW - Encyclopaedias / encyclopedias, biographical dictionaries, etc. KW - Biography & autobiography (Muslim) KW - HIS.HGY.BGY:History Muslim biography&autobiography; genealogy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43855659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Biographical+dictionaries%3A+inner+structure+and+cultural+significance&rft.au=Q%C4%81d%CC%A3%C4%AB%2C+Wad%C4%81d+al-&rft.aulast=Q%C4%81d%CC%A3%C4%AB&rft.aufirst=Wad%C4%81d&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - From the manuscript age to the age of printed books T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43851848; A170205 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Mahdi, Muhsin Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Printing & publishing KW - Manuscripts KW - Scribes & copyists KW - BIB.HIS.PUB:History of printing, publishing&the printed book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43851848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=From+the+manuscript+age+to+the+age+of+printed+books&rft.au=Mahdi%2C+Muhsin&rft.aulast=Mahdi&rft.aufirst=Muhsin&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - A royal manuscript and its transformation: the life history of a book T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43851823; A170195 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Soucek, P. P. AU - Çağman, Filiz Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 179 EP - 208 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Manuscripts KW - Ottoman Empire - 16th century KW - Painting - book illustration & albums KW - BIB.HIS.DSC:Descriptions of individual Islamic manuscripts KW - ART.BOK.MIN:Arts of the book Miniature painting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43851823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=A+royal+manuscript+and+its+transformation%3A+the+life+history+of+a+book&rft.au=Soucek%2C+P.+P.%3B%C3%87a%C4%9Fman%2C+Filiz&rft.aulast=Soucek&rft.aufirst=P.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Mass higher education and the religious imagination in contemporary Arab societies T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43851593; A170612 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Eickelman, D. F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 255 EP - 272 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Education KW - SOC.EDU.SCH:Education in the Muslim world since 1901 (general&comparative) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43851593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Mass+higher+education+and+the+religious+imagination+in+contemporary+Arab+societies&rft.au=Eickelman%2C+D.+F.&rft.aulast=Eickelman&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=255&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - The book in the modern Arab world: the cases of Lebanon and Egypt T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43851202; A170200 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Atiyeh, G. N. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 233 EP - 253 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Printing & publishing KW - Lebanon KW - Egypt - 19th century KW - Egypt - 1900-52 KW - Egypt - 1952-2010 KW - BIB.HIS.PUB:History of printing, publishing&the printed book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43851202?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=The+book+in+the+modern+Arab+world%3A+the+cases+of+Lebanon+and+Egypt&rft.au=Atiyeh%2C+G.+N.&rft.aulast=Atiyeh&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Oral transmission and the book in Islamic education: the spoken and the written word T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43850969; A170495 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Nasr, Seyyed Hossein Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 57 EP - 70 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Education KW - Manuscripts KW - SOC.EDU.TDL:Traditional Muslim education; schools&teaching in the Muslim world before the 20th century (general&theoretical) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43850969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Oral+transmission+and+the+book+in+Islamic+education%3A+the+spoken+and+the+written+word&rft.au=Nasr%2C+Seyyed+Hossein&rft.aulast=Nasr&rft.aufirst=Seyyed&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East AN - 43850868; M170158 Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 305 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Communication (general) KW - Bibliography KW - Manuscripts KW - Printing & publishing KW - BIB.HIS:History of Islamic books&reading in Muslim lands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43850868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Ottoman imperial documents relating to the history of books and printing T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43849941; A170208 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 283 EP - 292 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Ottoman Empire - 16th century KW - Archives & documents KW - Ottoman Empire - 18th century KW - Printing & publishing KW - BIB.HIS.PUB:History of printing, publishing&the printed book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43849941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organization+Studies&rft.atitle=You+Bastard%3A+A+Narrative+Exploration+of+the+Experience+of+Indignation+within+Organizations&rft.au=Sims%2C+David&rft.aulast=Sims&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organization+Studies&rft.issn=01708406&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0170840605054625 LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Fāris al-Shidyāq and the transition from scribal to print culture in the Middle East T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43849538; A170207 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Roper, G. J. AU - Fāris al-Shidyāq, Aḥmad AU - Shidyāq, Fāris al- Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 209 EP - 231 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Printing & publishing KW - Lebanon KW - Scribes & copyists KW - Newspapers KW - Manuscripts KW - Ottoman Empire - 19th century KW - Typography KW - Nahḍah KW - BIB.HIS.PUB:History of printing, publishing&the printed book UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43849538?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=F%C4%81ris+al-Shidy%C4%81q+and+the+transition+from+scribal+to+print+culture+in+the+Middle+East&rft.au=Roper%2C+G.+J.%3BF%C4%81ris+al-Shidy%C4%81q%2C+Ah%CC%A3mad%3BShidy%C4%81q%2C+F%C4%81ris+al-&rft.aulast=Roper&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Some illustrations in Islamic scientific manuscripts and their secrets T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43846612; A171594 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - King, David A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 149 EP - 177 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Manuscripts KW - Science - general KW - Drawing KW - INH.SCM.PRM:Islamic science (natural&physical); science in the pre-modern Muslim world UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43846612?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Some+illustrations+in+Islamic+scientific+manuscripts+and+their+secrets&rft.au=King%2C+David+A.&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - 'Of making many books there is no end': the classical Muslim view T2 - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh BT - ItemValueImpl ( label = Publication title value = [The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh] blockName = text mnemonic = pub mnemonicSearchType = ExactMatch template = null ) AN - 43845954; A170161 JF - The book in the Islamic world: the written word and communication in the Middle East.Ed. G.N.Atiyeh AU - Rosenthal, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 33 EP - 55 PB - State University of New York Press [for] the Library of Congress KW - Bibliophily KW - Bibliography KW - Manuscripts KW - BIB.HIS:History of Islamic books&reading in Muslim lands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/43845954?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Index+Islamicus&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=%27Of+making+many+books+there+is+no+end%27%3A+the+classical+Muslim+view&rft.au=Rosenthal%2C+F.&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.title=The+book+in+the+Islamic+world%3A+the+written+word+and+communication+in+the+Middle+East.Ed.+G.N.Atiyeh&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Index Islamicus N1 - Last updated - 2016-07-11 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Foreign relations of the United States. 1964-1968 AN - 38896977; 1538438 JF - Foreign relations of the United States. 1964-1968 Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 PB - United States Government Printing Office KW - Political Science KW - Political history KW - U.S.A. KW - Foreign relations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/38896977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/International+Bibliography+of+the+Social+Sciences+%28IBSS%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States.+1964-1968&rft.title=Foreign+relations+of+the+United+States.+1964-1968&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) N1 - Date revised - 2013-06-12 N1 - Last updated - 2013-09-16 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Role of blocked gap junctional intercellular communication in non-genotoxic carcinogenesis AN - 17093469; 3901459 AB - Gap junctional intercellular communication mediates the transfer of small molecules from the cytoplasm of one cell to that of neighbouring cells. Connexins are the proteins that form the channels responsible for this type of communication. Aberrant expression and function of connexins are often found in cells exposed to tumor-promoting agents and during carcinogenesis, both in cell culture systems and in tissues freshly removed directly from patients and exposed animals. Transfection of connexin genes into tumorigenic cells often exerts negative growth control, suggesting that connexins act as a family of tumor-suppressor genes. Connexin gene mutations appear to be the cause of two human diseases, i.e. X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome and visceroatrial heterotaxia. Connexin genes are therefore important for the maintenance of homeostasis and thus their dysfunction could lead to various forms of disease. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Mesnil, M AU - Krutovskikh, V AU - Omori, Y AU - Yamasaki, H A2 - Reed, DJ (ed) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 6 EP - 706 KW - Connexins KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - gap junctions KW - carcinogenesis KW - proteins KW - cancer KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17093469?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Toxicology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Mesnil%2C+M%3BKrutovskikh%2C+V%3BOmori%2C+Y%3BYamasaki%2C+H&rft.aulast=Mesnil&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Role+of+blocked+gap+junctional+intercellular+communication+in+non-genotoxic+carcinogenesis&rft.title=Role+of+blocked+gap+junctional+intercellular+communication+in+non-genotoxic+carcinogenesis&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Electrochemical precipitation of chromium (Cr super(6+)) from an electroplating wastewater AN - 17024931; 3866770 AB - This research was conducted in the laboratory to investigate an alternative of Cr removal from an electroplating wastewater using the electrochemical precipitation (ECP) process. The ECP unit consisted of an electrolytic cell made of two steel plates representing anode and cathode. The DC power source applied to the ECP unit had current (I) and electrical potential (E) of 3-6 A and 30-75 V, respectively. Electroplating wastewater used in the experiments contained Cr super(6+) in the range of 215-3860 mg/l, and the pH was 1.5. The parameters varied during the ECP experiments were: E, hydraulic retention time (HRT), Cr super(6+) concentration, conductivity and initial pH. The optimum ECP conditions found were electrical potential, 75 V; current, 4.8 A; HRT, 50 min; initial pH, above 3.2. Under these conditions, the Cr super(6+) concentrations remaining in the effluent were less than 0.2 mg/l. Sludge produced in the ECP unit had a sludge volume index (SVI) of 60-80, an indication of sludge settleability. X-ray fluorescence analysis of the ECP sludge revealed formation of Fe sub(2)O sub(3) and FeCr sub(2)O sub(4) as the main products. Power consumption of the ECP unit was found to be in the range of 14.7-20 kWh/m super(3) of wastewater. The economics of the ECP process was evaluated and compared with some conventional treatment processes for Cr removal. JF - WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AU - Kongsricharoern, N AU - Polprasert, C A2 - Soemarto, S (ed) A2 - Sukarmadidjaja, H (ed) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 9 EP - 117 SN - 0080426638 KW - ECP process KW - electroplating KW - chemical wastewater KW - experimental data KW - electrolysis KW - X-ray fluorescence KW - economic aspects KW - optimization KW - metal finishing industry wastes KW - economics KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - precipitation KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17024931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kongsricharoern%2C+N%3BPolprasert%2C+C&rft.aulast=Kongsricharoern&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=0080426638&rft.btitle=Electrochemical+precipitation+of+chromium+%28Cr+super%286%2B%29%29+from+an+electroplating+wastewater&rft.title=Electrochemical+precipitation+of+chromium+%28Cr+super%286%2B%29%29+from+an+electroplating+wastewater&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Photocatalytic mineralisation of perchloroethylene using titanium dioxide AN - 17024069; 3866760 AB - The photocatalytic mineralisation of perchloroethylene (PCE) is demonstrated mainly in terms of CO sub(2) formation to investigate the effects of various factors such as dissolved oxygen (DO), titanium dioxide semiconductor (TiO sub(2)) catalyst dosage, PCE concentration and pH on PCE photocatalysis. PCE was rapidly adsorbed onto the TiO sub(2) particles followed by its gradual degradation, and CO sub(2) production started after a short lag time that corresponded to the adsorption phase. The rate of CO sub(2) formation increased with increasing DO, TiO sub(2) dosage and PCE concentration. There was no significant effect of initial pH on the CO sub(2) production rate over a wide pH range. The dependence of the CO sub(2) formation on PCE concentration was found to obey the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. No intermediates were detected during PCE degradation and PCE degradation followed a first-order reaction. JF - WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AU - Gupta, H AU - Tanaka, S A2 - Soemarto, S (ed) A2 - Sukarmadidjaja, H (ed) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 8 EP - 54 SN - 0080426638 KW - degradation KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - perchloroethylene KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - carbon dioxide KW - mineralization KW - photochemistry KW - adsorption KW - catalysts KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - dissolved oxygen KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17024069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Pollution+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gupta%2C+H%3BTanaka%2C+S&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Kari&rft.date=2005-10-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychology+of+Music&rft.issn=03057356&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0305735605056147 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cyclosporin A on bilirubin uptake by isolated rat and human hepatocytes AN - 17021938; 3860827 AB - Several studies have reported that cyclosporin A (CsA) causes elevated serum bilirubin and bile acid levels, suggesting hepatobiliary dysfunction. This study examines the effects of CsA on the uptake of radiolabelled bilirubin by rat and human hepatocyte suspensions. The initial uptake rates of [ super(3)H]bilirubin, over a concentration range of 0.05 to 2.0 mu M, were determined in isolated hepatocytes that were preincubated with or without CsA. A saturable process for uptake of bilirubin was observed and kinetic constants calculated. Isolated human hepatocytes showed bilirubin uptake rates similar to those of rodent cells. CsA inhibited bilirubin uptake by both rat and human isolated hepatocytes. The apparent inhibition constants for the effect of CsA on bilirubin uptake were 39 and 26 mu M, for rat and human hepatocytes, respectively. This inhibitory effect was evident at a dose of 1 mu M, which is similar to CsA blood levels seen in those cases in which hyperbilirubinaemia has been reported. However, hepatocytes isolated from rats administered CsA (10 mg/kg/day ip, in Cremophore, for 5 days) exhibited uptake rates similar to those of cells isolated from control animals treated with only the Cremophore vehicle. Overall, the data are consistent with a receptor-mediated uptake of bilirubin by hepatocytes from rats and humans. The inhibition of bilirubin uptake by CsA may explain, at least in part, the hyperbilirubinaemia observed clinically. JF - Toxicology In Vitro AU - Wright, PFA AU - Kukongviriyapan, V AU - Stacey, N H AD - Natl. Inst. Occupational Health and Safety, Univ. Sydney, GPO Box 58, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 723 EP - 728 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0887-2333, 0887-2333 KW - cyclosporin A KW - bilirubin KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - hepatocytes KW - immunosuppressive agents KW - man KW - X 24117:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17021938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cyclosporin+A+on+bilirubin+uptake+by+isolated+rat+and+human+hepatocytes&rft.au=Wright%2C+PFA%3BKukongviriyapan%2C+V%3BStacey%2C+N+H&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=PFA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - man; hepatocytes; immunosuppressive agents ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional management modeling of a complex groundwater system for land subsidence control AN - 17006511; 3842212 AB - The three-dimensional groundwater flow model MODFLOW and the one-dimensional consolidation model are coupled and calibrated to simulate the piezometric levels and land subsidence in the complex multi-aquifer system of the lower Central Plain of Thailand. The mathematical models are calibrated against historical data for the period 1955-1990 by considerably updating the system conditions used by previous studies. The aquifer system responses to different pumping schemes are then predicted for the period 1991-2010. The modeling procedure is carried out in close consultation with the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR), Royal Thai Government. The conclusions of the study will allow the DMR to develop and implement updated groundwater management policies, land subsidence control strategies and action programs in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area. JF - Water Resources Management AU - Onta, PR AU - Gupta, AD AD - Water Resour. Eng. Prog., Asian Inst. Technol., G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 25 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0920-4741, 0920-4741 KW - aquifers KW - environmental impact KW - ground water KW - groundwater management KW - resource development KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - water supply KW - Thailand KW - water management KW - subsidence KW - Freshwater KW - environmental effects KW - water resources KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q2 09127:General papers on resources KW - SW 2040:Groundwater management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17006511?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Management&rft.atitle=Regional+management+modeling+of+a+complex+groundwater+system+for+land+subsidence+control&rft.au=Onta%2C+PR%3BGupta%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Onta&rft.aufirst=PR&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Management&rft.issn=09204741&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water supply; environmental impact; resource development; water management; subsidence; water resources; environmental effects; ground water; groundwater management; aquifers; Thailand; Freshwater ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Significance of biofilm activity in facultative pond design and performance AN - 16997529; 3841811 AB - Facultative ponds have found wide application in wastewater treatment as an economical systemwhere land area is available at reasonable cost. Different approaches are available in the literature for the design of facultative ponds. Most research have dealt with only suspended biomass and considered it as tie major form of biomass responsible for substrate removal. However, the side walls and bottom of the facultative pond can provide support for the growth of attached (biofilm) biomass which also aids in the degradation of organic matters (substrate). This study demonstrates the significance of biofilm biomass growing on the side walls and bottom of these ponds to substrate utilization. A model for substrate utilization in facultative ponds is proposed which encompasses first-order reactions of both suspended and biofilm biomass. The biofilm activity is described with a diffusion type model, while the dispersed flow model is used for the pond hydraulics to include a wide range of pond dimensions and operating conditions. The proposed model, validated with observed data of two full-scale facultative ponds located in Bangkok, Thailand, and in New Mexico, U.S.A., was able to predict effluent BOD sub(5) concentrations of these two ponds reasonably well. JF - WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AU - Polprasert, C AU - Agarwalla, B K A2 - Pearson, HW (ed) A2 - Green, FB (ed) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 10 EP - 128 KW - biofilms KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - substrates KW - stabilization ponds KW - model studies KW - biomass KW - wastewater treatment KW - design criteria KW - biological oxygen demand KW - wastewater facilities KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16997529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Polprasert%2C+C%3BAgarwalla%2C+B+K&rft.aulast=Polprasert&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Significance+of+biofilm+activity+in+facultative+pond+design+and+performance&rft.title=Significance+of+biofilm+activity+in+facultative+pond+design+and+performance&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Upgrading of facultative ponds to treat a toxic organic wastewater AN - 16997475; 3841814 AB - This study investigated the efficiency and performance of attached-growth waste stabilization ponds (AGWSP) treating a high-strength phenolic wastewater. The experiments employed 4 laboratory-scale pond units installed with an artificial attached-growth media. A control pond unit without attached-growth media (or WSP) was run in parallel for data comparison. The experimental results revealed that the AGWSP units could remove about 99, 50, 45 and 28% of phenol when operated at influent phenol concentrations of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/l (corresponding to organic loading rates (OLR) of 180, 360, 540 and 720 kg COD/(ha.day), respectively); these removal efficiencies were consistently higher than those observed in the WSP unit. The influent phenol concentrations of 1000-2000 mg/l resulted in some toxic effects and over loading to the pond system, causing the phenol removal efficiencies to decrease. The amount of phenol loss from the pond water through volatilization was found to be approximately 10%. A relationship between phenol removal rates (excluding volatilization) and phenol dosages to the AGWSP was developed. The superior performance of the AGWSP over the WSP appeared to be due to the biofilm biomass growing on the attached-growth media surface, resulting in increased potential biomass in the pond water. JF - WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AU - Polprasert, C AU - Sookhanich, S A2 - Pearson, HW (ed) A2 - Green, FB (ed) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 10 EP - 210 KW - biofilms KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - volatility KW - biodegradation KW - stabilization ponds KW - phenols KW - biomass KW - wastewater treatment KW - experimental data KW - wastewater facilities KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16997475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Water+Resources+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Polprasert%2C+C%3BSookhanich%2C+S&rft.aulast=Polprasert&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Upgrading+of+facultative+ponds+to+treat+a+toxic+organic+wastewater&rft.title=Upgrading+of+facultative+ponds+to+treat+a+toxic+organic+wastewater&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adenine methylation at dam sites increases transient gene expression in plant cells AN - 16992884; 3826606 AB - Escherichia coli encodes two major DNA methylation systems: dam, which produces 6-methyladenine; and dcm, which produces 5-methylcytosine. About 1-2% of adenine and cytosine residues in plasmid DNAs prepared in E. coli are methylated by these systems. Since DNA methylation profoundly influences gene expression eukaryotes, we were interested in determining whether these bacterially encoded modifications might also effect plant gene expression in experimental systems. We therefore examined the influence of dam and dcm methylation on gene expression from four GUS fusion constructs in transient assays in protoplasts and microprojectile-bombarded whole tissues. In these constructs, GUS expression was driven by promoter regions derived from the Arabidopsis alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh1), maize ubiquitin (Ubi1), rice actin (Act1) and CaMV 35S genes. We show that methyladenine produced by dam methylation increased gene expression from constructs based on the Adh1, Ubi1 and Act1 genes. The increase in gene expression ranged from three-fold for Ubi1 and Adh1 in protoplasts to 50-fold for Act1 in bombarded wheat tissues. Expression of a 35S.GUS construct was, however, insensitive to dam methylation. dcm methylation had little if any effect on transient gene expression for any of these constructs. We provide indirect evidence that the critical sites of adenine methylation lie within sequences from the promoter regions, suggesting that dam methylation increases transcription rate. These results have important experimental implications and also raise the intriguing possibility that methyladenine might play a role in the regulation of gene expression in vivo. JF - Transgenic Research AU - Graham, M W AU - Larkin, P J AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 324 EP - 331 VL - 4 IS - 5 SN - 0962-8819, 0962-8819 KW - Act1 gene KW - Adh1 gene KW - Ubi1 gene KW - adenine KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - Zea mays KW - DNA methylation KW - gene regulation KW - Oryza sativa KW - Arabidopsis KW - W2 32065:Plants KW - G 07353:GENERAL KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16992884?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transgenic+Research&rft.atitle=Adenine+methylation+at+dam+sites+increases+transient+gene+expression+in+plant+cells&rft.au=Graham%2C+M+W%3BLarkin%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=324&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transgenic+Research&rft.issn=09628819&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gene regulation; DNA methylation; Zea mays; Oryza sativa; Arabidopsis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Shrimp culture in Vietnam AN - 16990066; 3831457 JF - World Aquaculture AU - Binh, C T AU - Lin, C K AD - Sch. Environ. Resour. and Dev., Asian Inst. Technol., Thailand G.P.O. Box 2754, Bangkok 10501, Thailand Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 27 EP - 33 VL - 26 IS - 11 SN - 1041-5602, 1041-5602 KW - Viet Nam KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Metapenaeus KW - marine aquaculture KW - shrimp culture KW - Penaeus KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16990066?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Shrimp+culture+in+Vietnam&rft.au=Binh%2C+C+T%3BLin%2C+C+K&rft.aulast=Binh&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Aquaculture&rft.issn=10415602&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - marine aquaculture; shrimp culture; Metapenaeus; Penaeus; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of cyanazine and malathion pulse-exposure toxicity to estimate the age of onset of functional liver metabolism in larval Australian crimson-spotted rainbowfish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis) AN - 16985886; 3835104 AB - This study investigated the onset of liver function in larval crimson-spotted rainbowfish (Melanotaenia fluviatilis). Mortality was determined for various aged larval fish pulse exposed (PE) for 2 h to two liver metabolized chemicals: cyanazine which is detoxified, and malathion which is activated to a more toxic metabolite. Cyanazine toxicity decreased between day 0 and day 3 post-hatch with no further change up to day 12 post-hatch. No significant difference in malathion toxicity with age was found but a trend of increased toxicity between day 0 and day 3 post-hatch was evident. The results indicated that rainbowfish liver becomes functional between 0 and 3 days post-hatch. Static replacement 96 h LC sub(50)s (slope, 95% F.L) for 4-month-old adult rainbowfish continuously exposed to cyanazine and malathion were 24.6 (9.48; 20.6, 28.3) and 2.09 (94.6; 1.6, 2.6) mg/l respectively; 2 h PE NOEC and LOEC values based on larval mortality for cyanazine and malathion were < 1.9 and 1.9 mg/l, and < 15.6 and 15.6 mg/l respectively. These results indicate that rainbowfish are moderately sensitive to cyanazine and malathion toxicity. JF - Water Research AU - Reid, H P AU - Ahokas, J T AU - Holdway, DA AD - Key Cent. Nutr. Environ. Toxicol., RMIT Univ., City Camp., G.P.O. Box 2476V, Melbourne, 3001 Vic., Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2010 EP - 2013 VL - 29 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Melanotaenia fluviatilis KW - animal metabolism KW - fish KW - fish larvae KW - larval development KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - metabolism KW - mortality KW - liver KW - pesticides KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q1 08344:Reproduction and development KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16985886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Use+of+cyanazine+and+malathion+pulse-exposure+toxicity+to+estimate+the+age+of+onset+of+functional+liver+metabolism+in+larval+Australian+crimson-spotted+rainbowfish+%28Melanotaenia+fluviatilis%29&rft.au=Reid%2C+H+P%3BAhokas%2C+J+T%3BHoldway%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; animal metabolism; metabolism; fish; larval development; mortality; liver; toxicity tests; pesticides; fish larvae; toxicity testing; Melanotaenia fluviatilis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rumen involvement in sheep tannic acid metabolism AN - 16977916; 3827429 AB - Tannic acid (TA) metabolism was studied in sheep after po, intra-abomasal and ip administration. TA and its phenolic metabolites in ruminal fluid, abomasal fluid, plasma and urine were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography at various intervals post-dosing. After po administration, gallic acid (GA) and pyrogallol (PYR) were present in ruminal fluid and plasma, and GA, PYR and 4-O-methyl gallic acid (40MGA) were found in urine. The concentration of GA in ruminal fluid and urine gradually decreased after dosing, while PYR concentration continued to rise. By contrast, after intra-abomasal dosing, GA and ellagic acid (EA) as well as TA were found in abomasal fluid, GA, 40MGA, EA and TA were present in plasma, and GA, 40MGA and PYR were in urine. The latter 3 metabolites were also detected in the urine after ip administration of TA. The plasma concentration of TA after intra-abomasal administration was significantly correlated with liver necrosis, and PYR concentration in ruminal fluid following po administration was significantly correlated to blood methemoglobin level. It was concluded that the methemoglobinemia seen in sheep given TA po is caused by high levels of the phenolic metabolite PYR, which is produced in the rumen. Liver and kidney necrosis, seen in sheep given TA directly into the abomasum, appears caused by unmetabolized TA rather than by metabolites. JF - Veterinary and Human Toxicology AU - Zhu, Jin AU - Filippich, L J AU - Ng, J AD - Chem. Saf. Unit, Commonw. Dep. Hum. Serv. and Health, GPO Box 9848, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 436 EP - 440 VL - 37 IS - 5 SN - 0145-6296, 0145-6296 KW - sheep KW - tannic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - methemoglobinemia KW - metabolism KW - rumen KW - liver KW - necrosis KW - kidney KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16977916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Rumen+involvement+in+sheep+tannic+acid+metabolism&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Jin%3BFilippich%2C+L+J%3BNg%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Jin&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.issn=01456296&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rumen; methemoglobinemia; liver; kidney; necrosis; metabolism ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Improving precision of acoustic surveys on benthopelagic fish by the use of a deeply-towed transducer AN - 16976465; 3817856 AB - Acoustic measurements of deep water fish from a deeply-towed transducer deployed at a depth of 500 m over a seamount (rising from 1000 to 600 m depth) are compared with those from a vessel-mounted transducer. Algorithms were developed to correct for noise and to analyse signals near the bottom. The analysis showed that the vessel-mounted transducer can significantly underestimate the biomass of deepwater fish by an average factor of 1.86, equating to 2.7 dB. This bias was largely attributed to beam thresholding, uncertainties in the sound absorption constant, acoustic attenuation from near surface bubbles and ship motion. On the slopes of the seamount the near bottom shadow-zone was reduced by 50% and the estimated biomass in this zone reduced by 47% using the deeply towed transducer. These results confirm that a deeply-towed transducer will improve absolute abundance measurements of deep water resources. AU - Kloser, R J Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 EP - vp KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - bathyal-benthic zone KW - Marine KW - population number KW - echo surveys KW - towed sensors KW - acoustic transducers KW - marine fish KW - Q1 08564:Instruments, tools, equipment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16976465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kloser%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Kloser&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=vp&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Improving+precision+of+acoustic+surveys+on+benthopelagic+fish+by+the+use+of+a+deeply-towed+transducer&rft.title=Improving+precision+of+acoustic+surveys+on+benthopelagic+fish+by+the+use+of+a+deeply-towed+transducer&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Summary only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hemodialysis removal of acyclovir AN - 16969279; 3818361 AB - A 59-y-old with a history of chronic renal failure on hemodialysis was diagnosed with herpes zoster and begun on 800 mg acyclovir 5 times daily. Two days later the patient developed visual hallucinations, ataxia, confusion and memory loss along with focal myoclonus, nausea and vomiting. No fever, elevated WBC count or significant electrolyte imbalance was found. CT scan of the brain was unremarkable. The patient was then dialyzed for presumed acyclovir toxicity. Her acyclovir level was later found to have been 3.4 mu g/ml (normal peak range 0.4-2 mu g/ml) prior to dialysis. After 3 h of hemodialysis, her post-dialysis acyclovlr level was 1.9 mu g/ml. After a second course of hemodialysis the next day the patient's mental status improved, and she was discharged 5 d later. Due to its low volume of distribution (0.6 L/kg), low protein binding (about 15%) and water solubility, acyclovir is an example of the ideal drug that can be removed by hemodialysis. About 45% of the total body amount can be extracted through a 3-h course of hemodialysis with resultant improvement in symptoms. JF - Veterinary and Human Toxicology AU - Leikin, J B AU - Shicker, L AU - Orlowski, J AU - Blair, A T AU - McAllister, K AD - Rush Poison Control Cent., Rush Presbyterian St Luke's Med. Cent., 1653 W Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 233 EP - 234 VL - 37 IS - 3 SN - 0145-6296, 0145-6296 KW - acyclovir KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - side effects KW - ataxia KW - antiviral agents KW - nausea KW - treatment KW - case reports KW - mental performance KW - man KW - hemodialysis KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16969279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Hemodialysis+removal+of+acyclovir&rft.au=Leikin%2C+J+B%3BShicker%2C+L%3BOrlowski%2C+J%3BBlair%2C+A+T%3BMcAllister%2C+K&rft.aulast=Leikin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.issn=01456296&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - antiviral agents; side effects; mental performance; nausea; ataxia; case reports; treatment; hemodialysis; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Short communication: Detection of non-culturable Vibrio cholerae O139, by PCR and fluorescent antibody methods, in laboratory microcosms AN - 16956994; 3813580 AB - Non-culturable Vibrio cholerae O139 was detected in microcosms by PCR and fluorescent-antibody (FA) techniques. When survival of V. cholerae O139 in microcosms was assessed by viable counting on culture media, the vibrio became non-culturable after 44 days and remained non-culturable for an additional 7 weeks. JF - World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Islam AU - Alam, MJ AU - Miah, MA AU - Felsenstein, A AU - Sack, R B AD - Environ. Microbiol. Lab., Lab. Sci. Div., Int. Cent. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 597 EP - 598 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0959-3993, 0959-3993 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Vibrio cholerae KW - immunofluorescence KW - polymerase chain reaction KW - W3 33240:Immunology KW - J 02705:Others KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16956994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Journal+of+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Short+communication%3A+Detection+of+non-culturable+Vibrio+cholerae+O139%2C+by+PCR+and+fluorescent+antibody+methods%2C+in+laboratory+microcosms&rft.au=Islam%3BAlam%2C+MJ%3BMiah%2C+MA%3BFelsenstein%2C+A%3BSack%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Islam&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=World+Journal+of+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=09593993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immunofluorescence; polymerase chain reaction; Vibrio cholerae ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationships between stem diameter, sapwood area, leaf area and transpiration in a young mountain ash forest AN - 16889342; 3796529 AB - We examined relationships between stem diameter, sapwood area, leaf area and transpiration in a 15-year-old mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell.) forest containing silver wattle (Acacia dealbata Link.) as a suppressed overstory species and mountain hickory (Acacia frigescens J.H. Willis) as an understory species. Stem diameter explained 93% of the variation in leaf area, 96% of the variation in sapwood area and 88% of the variation in mean daily spring transpiration in 19 mountain ash trees. In seven silver wattle trees, stem diameter explained 87% of the variation in sapwood area but was a poor predictor of the other variables. When transpiration measurements from individual trees were scaled up to a plot basis, using stem diameter values for 164 mountain ash trees and 124 silver wattle trees, mean daily spring transpiration rates of the two species were 2.3 and 0.6 mm day super(-1), respectively. The leaf area index of the plot was estimated directly by destructive sampling, and indirectly with an LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer and by hemispherical canopy photography. All three methods gave similar results. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Vertessy, R A AU - Benyon, R G AU - O'Sullivan, S K AU - Gribben, PR AD - CSIRO Div. Water Resour., GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 559 EP - 567 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - forests KW - transpiration KW - Australia, Victoria KW - Eucalyptus regnans KW - stems KW - leaf area KW - biometrics KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16889342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Relationships+between+stem+diameter%2C+sapwood+area%2C+leaf+area+and+transpiration+in+a+young+mountain+ash+forest&rft.au=Vertessy%2C+R+A%3BBenyon%2C+R+G%3BO%27Sullivan%2C+S+K%3BGribben%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Vertessy&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=559&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eucalyptus regnans; Australia, Victoria; forests; leaf area; stems; biometrics; transpiration ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple birth concordance of street drug assays of meconium analysis AN - 16887223; 3797693 AB - To determine the prevalence of maternal drug usage in a mid-size midwestern city (population 250,000), we analyzed 1,175 consecutive meconium samples from the neonatal intensive care unit from March 1991 through December 1993. We focused on meconium assays from multiple births as a quality control method. Meconium specimens were analyzed using fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA-Abbott Diagnostics) with confirmation done by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Cutoff concentrations of 5 ng/g were utilized for all analytes. A total of 151 samples (12.9%) tested positive. Cocaine-exposed neonates had the highest positive rate (63 or 5.4%), followed by marijuana (52 cases or 4.4%), cocaethylene (12 cases or 1%), and amphetamine (1 case or 0.1%). Nine patients (0.8%) had multiple drugs present. There were a total of 23 sets of multiple births (21 twins, 2 triplets); 20 sets of multiple births (42 patients) had concordance with all births testing negative. Three sets of twins and concordance in testing positive, with 1 twin testing positive for cocaine while the other twin tested positive for cocaine and marijuana. No absolute discordance of twins assays were noted. The rate of maternal drug use through measurement of meconium is about 12.95% in this mid-sized midwestern city. Twin studies provide an excellent method for verifying fetal drug exposure. The use of sets of multiple births provides a unique internal quality control mechanism in determining fetal drug exposure. JF - Veterinary and Human Toxicology AU - Lewis, D AU - Moore, C AU - Leikin, J B AU - Kechavarz, L AD - Rush Presbyterian St Luke's Med. Cent., 1633 W Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 318 EP - 319 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 0145-6296, 0145-6296 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - drug abuse KW - meconium KW - man KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16887223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Multiple+birth+concordance+of+street+drug+assays+of+meconium+analysis&rft.au=Lewis%2C+D%3BMoore%2C+C%3BLeikin%2C+J+B%3BKechavarz%2C+L&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=318&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.issn=01456296&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - meconium; drug abuse; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake of water from the atmosphere by lichens in continental Antarctica AN - 16878791; 3795505 AB - Microclimate relative humidity and temperature and lichen thallus temperature were measured from August 1992 to January 1993 at the crest of a hill on Clark Peninsula in the Windmill Islands, continental Antarctica. The water potential of the air in the lichen microhabitat was modelled and compared with the water potential assumed to be necessary for lichen photosynthesis due to water vapour uptake. It was found that for most of the spring the atmospheric water potential was too low for water vapour uptake by exposed lichen. In all there were only 351 h during which water vapour uptake could have occurred, most of this falling in November. The results indicate that water vapour uptake by exposed lichen will occur during the period of snow melt at the beginning of summer, but only rarely at other times. JF - Symbiosis AU - Hovenden, MJ AU - Seppelt, R D AD - Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Tasmania, GPO Box 252C, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 111 EP - 118 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0334-5114, 0334-5114 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - water KW - photosynthesis KW - lichens KW - atmosphere KW - microclimate KW - Antarctica KW - K 03051:Lichens KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16878791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Symbiosis&rft.atitle=Uptake+of+water+from+the+atmosphere+by+lichens+in+continental+Antarctica&rft.au=Hovenden%2C+MJ%3BSeppelt%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Hovenden&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Symbiosis&rft.issn=03345114&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; lichens; water; atmosphere; photosynthesis; microclimate ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute intra-abomasal toxicity of tannic acid in sheep AN - 16785847; 3743369 AB - Acute tannic acid toxicity was studied in 6 adult Merino ewes by administering 7-10% (w/v) tannic acid solution once into the abomasum via an abomasal fistula at dose rates of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 g tannic acid/kg body weight. Samples of blood, urine and abomasal fluid were collected over a 48-h period before the sheep were necropsied 48 h after dosing. Dose rates of 1.0 and 2.0 g tannic acid/kg body weight produced abomasal, liver and kidney lesions. The abomasum had superficial mucosal erosions, hemorrhage and submucosal edema; the liver showed midzonal or periacinar coagulative necrosis; and the kidneys had focal tubular vacuolation and necrosis. In sheep dosed with 1.0 g tannic acid/kg body weight, there was a significant (P<0.01) decrease in plasma phosphate and an increase in plasma aspartate aminotransferase and urea levels. Plasma total protein concentrations significantly (P < 0.05) decreased 24 h after dosing, but returned to normal by 48 h. By 4 h after dosing, abomasal fluid pH was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than predosing value, whereas urine pH significantly (P < 0.05) decreased. Both abomasal fluid and urine pH returned to normal 48 h after dosing. The liver and kidney damage seen in this study, in contrast to the methemoglobinemia without liver and kidney lesions previously reported when sheep were given tannic acid by oral gavage (1), suggest that, in cases of natural poisoning, tannins are not released from plant material until it enters the abomasum. JF - Veterinary and Human Toxicology AU - Zhu, Jin AU - Filippich, L J AD - Chem. Saf. Unit, Commonw. Dep. Hum. Serv. and Health, GPO Box 9848, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 50 EP - 54 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0145-6296, 0145-6296 KW - tannic acid KW - ruminants KW - sheep KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - plants KW - abomasum KW - X 24172:Plants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16785847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+intra-abomasal+toxicity+of+tannic+acid+in+sheep&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Jin%3BFilippich%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Jin&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Veterinary+and+Human+Toxicology&rft.issn=01456296&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abomasum; toxicity testing; plants ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Comparative evaluation of benthic microalgal production in an existing marina and proposed marina site in western Long Island Sound, USA AN - 16785416; 3749276 AB - As part of an effort to evaluate the impacts of marina construction on shallow water estuarine habitats, benthic microalgal productivity and biomass were measured at a proposed marina site off Davids Island, NY and in the Cedar Island Marina, CT. Both sites are located in western Long Island Sound. Previous estimates of microalgal productivity for these two sites differed substantially (4.8-8.8 mgC/m super(2)/d and 426-1010 mgC/m super(2)/d, respectively). These differences could not be attributed to variations in the biomass of the algae between the two sites, as mean chlorophyll-a levels in sediments differed by only a factor of 1.6 (94 and 153 mg/m super(2), respectively). However, whereas the Davids Island data were obtained by direct measurements of C super(14) fixation at light levels representing about 1 percent of surface irradiance, the Cedar Island Marina data were generated using a chlorophyll-normalized C-fixation rate, and by assuming that benthic microalgae were exposed to 100 percent surface irradiance for 12 hours per day. This approach may have resulted in gross overestimates of benthic microalgal productivity in the marina, and may account for the differences observed between the two sites. Alternatively, it was theorized that the differences might be due to differing contributions of resuspended algae to surficial sediment productivity at the two sites. To test this theory, productivity (estimated by C super(14)-fixation rates) and biomass (estimated by chlorophyll-a levels) of microalgae were measured in surface sediment samples and water samples collected immediately above sediments at both sites. JF - U.S. EPA, PHILADELPHIA, PA (USA). 17 p. 1995. AU - Iannuzzi, T J AU - Weinstein, M P AU - Sellner, K G Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - U.S. EPA, PHILADELPHIA, PA (USA) KW - ANW, USA, Connecticut, Cedar Island Marina KW - ANW, USA, New York, Davids I. KW - USA, Long Island Sound KW - chlorophylls KW - ecological effects KW - environmental impact KW - phytobenthos KW - primary production KW - productivity KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - marinas KW - algae KW - environmental effects KW - estuaries KW - sampling KW - construction KW - SW 4070:Ecological impact of water development KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16785416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Aquatic+Science+%26+Fisheries+Abstracts+%28ASFA%29+3%3A+Aquatic+Pollution+%26+Environmental+Quality&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Advanced+Nursing&rft.atitle=Use+of+complex+adaptive+systems+metaphor+to+achieve+professional+and+organizational+change&rft.au=Rowe%2C+Ann%3BHogarth%2C+Annette&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=396&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Advanced+Nursing&rft.issn=03092402&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2648.2005.03510.x LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Summary only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating stand transpiration in a Eucalyptus populnea woodland with the heat pulse method: Measurement errors and sampling strategies AN - 16761605; 3731530 AB - Sap flow measurement techniques, such as the heat pulse (compensation) method, are practical means for estimating the water use of individual trees and are often the only reasonable alternative for measuring forest and woodland transpiration in complex heterogeneous terrain. The need to scale estimates of water use from a sample of individual stems to a stand (population) of known area may be satisfied by applying scalars of flux based on tree size or domain. We estimated the aggregate errors in applying the heat pulse technique to the estimation of stand transpiration in a poplar box (Eucalyptus populnea F.J. Muell.) woodland in southeastern Queensland, Australia, by a combination of precision analyses, experimental validation and Monte Carlo simulations of sampling errors. Errors in sap flux density measurements were approximately 13%. The potential error in the flux estimates for individual stems with stratified sampling of sap flux density with depth and bole quadrant based on four sensors was an additional 25%. Conducting wood area, diameter at 1.3 m, leaf area and domain based on Ecological Field Theory all proved excellent scalars of flux at the stand level. With a sample size of six trees stratified by diameter, coefficients of variation in scaling to the stand level were approximately 5% for any of these scalars. The greatest potential source of error in estimating stand transpiration by the heat pulse method was in the measurement of the fluxes of individual stems; scaling these measurements to a homogeneous stand of trees involved less uncertainty. JF - Tree Physiology AU - Hatton, T J AU - Moore, S J AU - Reece, PH AD - CSIRO Div. Water Resour., GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 219 EP - 227 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0829-318X, 0829-318X KW - Eucalyptus populnea KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - water use KW - measuring techniques KW - transpiration KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms KW - D 04001:Methodology - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16761605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tree+Physiology&rft.atitle=Estimating+stand+transpiration+in+a+Eucalyptus+populnea+woodland+with+the+heat+pulse+method%3A+Measurement+errors+and+sampling+strategies&rft.au=Hatton%2C+T+J%3BMoore%2C+S+J%3BReece%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Hatton&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tree+Physiology&rft.issn=0829318X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - measuring techniques; transpiration; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Habitat use by chital (Axis axis) in Dhaulkhand, Rajaji National Park, India AN - 15748703; 3974983 AB - We studied habitat use by chital Axis axis (Erxleben) in Dhaulkhand range of Rajaji National Park, Uttar Pradesh during November 1992 and May 1993. The study aimed to understand the spatio-temporal patterns of chital habitat use and to identify the factors governing them. Ten transects were used to quantify the use of hills, plains, habitat types, and habitat features. The use of hills and plains was comparable. Sal forest was used less in winter than in spring-summer. Mixed forest plantation was used more in winter than in spring-summer. Mixed forest-scrubland was intensely used almost throughout the study period. Denser canopy cover (>50%) was used more than sparser canopy cover (50%). In hills, 11-30 degree slopes were used most and slopes >50 degree were not used. S, SE and E aspects were highly used and NE, N, NW and W aspects had low use. Food, water, wind (in hills), temperature, langurs, lopping and grass cutting seemed to affect chital habitat use in Dhaulkhand. The habitat use patterns at Dhaulkhand are suggestive of those in other parts of the Shivalik-Bhabar interface in Rajaji NP. JF - Tropical Ecology AU - Bhat, S D AU - Rawat, G S AD - Wildl. Inst. India (WII), Chandrabani, PB No. 18, GPO, Dehradun 248001, India Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 177 EP - 189 VL - 36 IS - 2 SN - 0564-3295, 0564-3295 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - human impact KW - national parks KW - habitat utilization KW - India, Uttar Pradesh KW - seasonal variations KW - Axis axis KW - D 04672:Mammals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15748703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tropical+Ecology&rft.atitle=Habitat+use+by+chital+%28Axis+axis%29+in+Dhaulkhand%2C+Rajaji+National+Park%2C+India&rft.au=Bhat%2C+S+D%3BRawat%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Bhat&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Tropical+Ecology&rft.issn=05643295&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Axis axis; India, Uttar Pradesh; habitat utilization; seasonal variations; human impact; national parks ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Nitrogen removal in baffled waste stabilization ponds AN - 15647164; 3943086 AB - This study evaluated nitrogen removal in Baffled Waste Stabilization Ponds (BWSPs) comprising laboratory and pilot-scale ponds with different number of baffles. The aim was to promote the waste stabilization pond practice for wastewater treatment in tropical countries by increasing nitrogen and organic carbon removal efficiency or reducing the land area requirement through the use of baffles which increased the biofilm biomass concentrations. The experiments started with a tracer study to find out the hydraulic characteristics of each pond. It was shown that the dispersion number decreased with increasing flow length and number of baffles which indicated more plug flow conditions. The deviation of actual HRT from theoretical HRT was computed and the flow pattern suggested the existence of an optimum spacing of baffles in BWSP units. The investigations further revealed that more than 65% TN and 90% NH sub(3)-N removal efficiencies were achieved at HRT of 5 days in a 6 baffled pond, which corresponds to the specific area of 34.88 m super(2)/m super(3). TN and NH sub(3)-N removal increased with increasing number of baffles in the BWSP units. Combined algal/bacterial biofilm grown on the baffles immersed in the ponds showed potential for increasing the extent of nitrification. COD removal increased with higher number of baffles with its maximum removal efficiency at 6 baffles. Compared with normal WSP, BWSP gave higher TN, NH sub(3)-N, COD and BOD sub(5) removal efficiency. The effluent SS concentrations from the laboratory-scale 6 baffled pond were less than 20 mg/L at HRT of 3 days or more. JF - WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AU - Muttamara, S AU - Puetpaiboon, U A2 - Mara, DD (ed) A2 - Pearson, HW (ed) A2 - Silva, SA (ed) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 9 EP - 181 SN - 0080429009 KW - stabilization ponds KW - baffles KW - organic loading KW - tropical regions KW - retention time KW - tropical environment KW - nitrogen removal KW - tropical environments KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - algae KW - denitrification KW - chemical oxygen demand KW - nitrification KW - bacteria KW - biofilms KW - lagoons KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - A 01105:Non-patents KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q4 27480:Environmental Applications/Impact KW - K 03098:Spoilage & biodegradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15647164?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Industrial+and+Applied+Microbiology+Abstracts+%28Microbiology+A%29&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Muttamara%2C+S%3BPuetpaiboon%2C+U&rft.aulast=Muttamara&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=0080429009&rft.btitle=Nitrogen+removal+in+baffled+waste+stabilization+ponds&rft.title=Nitrogen+removal+in+baffled+waste+stabilization+ponds&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Do plant pathogens produce inhibitors of the resistance reaction in plants? AN - 15576152; 3903631 JF - Trends in Microbiology AU - Lawrence, G AD - CSIRO Div. Plant Ind., GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 475 EP - 476 VL - 3 IS - 12 SN - 0966-842X, 0966-842X KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - disease resistance KW - fungi KW - plant diseases KW - rust KW - W2 32000:General topics and reviews KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32430:Plant Diseases: Control and resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15576152?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Do+plant+pathogens+produce+inhibitors+of+the+resistance+reaction+in+plants%3F&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+G&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Trends+in+Microbiology&rft.issn=0966842X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disease resistance; fungi; plant diseases; rust ER -